title: Risk Factors for Local Recurrence or Metastasis of Eyelid Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma After Wide Excision With Paraffin Section Control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors for local recurrence and metastasis of sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) after wide excision with paraffin section control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, observational case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Setting: Single institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four patients with SGC who had undergone excision with 5-mm surgical margins and paraffin section pathologic analysis. Observational Procedures: The following were considered potential risk factors for local recurrence/metastasis of SGC: patient's sex, patient's age, initial diagnosis at other clinics, topical treatments at other clinics, interval between appearance of symptoms and referral to our institution, tumor location, tumor origin, tumor presentation pattern, T category, tumor size, presence/or absence of pagetoid spread, tumor differentiation, mitosis grade, growth pattern. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the actual risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Risk factors for local recurrence or metastasis of SGC after wide excision with paraffin section control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Involvement of both upper and lower eyelids, topical treatments at other clinics, multicentric origin, diffuse pattern, stage T3a, large tumor size, and a nonlobular pattern significantly influenced local recurrence/metastasis (P < .050). Pagetoid spread tended to affect local recurrence/metastasis (P = .052). The other items did not significantly influence local recurrence/metastasis (P > .050).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study identified risk factors for local recurrence or metastasis of SGC after wide excision with paraffin section pathologic analysis. The results of this study will be helpful to surgeons when planning additional management, such as map biopsy or adjuvant treatment.
authors: Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital, & Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
authors: Yasuhiro
authors: Y
authors: Takahashi
authors: Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
authors: Emiko
authors: E
authors: Takahashi
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Saneikai Tsukazaki Hospital, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Shunsuke
authors: S
authors: Nakakura
authors: Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital, & Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
authors: Yoshiyuki
authors: Y
authors: Kitaguchi
authors: Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital, & Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
authors: Jacqueline
authors: J
authors: Mupas-Uy
authors: Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital, & Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan. Electronic address: cosme@d1.dion.ne.jp.
authors: Hirohiko
authors: H
authors: Kakizaki
mesh_terms: D018266:Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005142:Eyelid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012626:Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends