title: PET/CT in nononcological lung diseases: current applications and future perspectives.
abstract: Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) is an established diagnostic modality that has become an essential imaging tool in oncological practice. However, thanks to its noninvasive nature and its capability to provide physiological information, the main applications of this technique have significantly expanded.(18)F-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the most commonly used radiopharmaceutical for PET scanning and demonstrates metabolic activity in various tissues. Since activated inflammatory cells, like malignant cells, predominantly metabolise glucose as a source of energy and increase expression of glucose transporters when activated, FDG-PET/CT can be successfully used to detect and monitor a variety of lung diseases, such as infections and several inflammatory conditions.The added value of FDG-PET/CT as a molecular imaging technique relies on its capability to identify disease in very early stages, long before the appearance of structural changes detectable by conventional imaging. Furthermore, by detecting the active phase of infectious or inflammatory processes, disease progression and treatment efficacy can be monitored.This review will focus on the clinical use of FDG-PET/CT in nonmalignant pulmonary diseases.
authors: Nuclear Medicine, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dept of Advanced Diagnostic Therapeutic Technologies, Milan, Italy selene.capitanio@ospedaleniguarda.it.
authors: Selene
authors: S
authors: Capitanio
authors: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors: Abdul Jalil
authors: AJ
authors: Nordin
authors: National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
authors: Abdul Rahim
authors: AR
authors: Noraini
authors: Nuclear Medicine, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dept of Advanced Diagnostic Therapeutic Technologies, Milan, Italy.
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Rossetti
mesh_terms: D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography / Q000639:trends*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18