title: Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Satureja, Thymus, and Thymbra Species Grown in Lebanon.
abstract: The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation from Satureja cuneifolia, Satureja thymbra, Coridothymus capitatus, Thymus syriacus, and Thymbra spicata growing wild in Lebanon. Their phytochemical analysis performed by GC/MS showed that the aforementioned species are characterized either by carvacrol (60.9%) or thymol (54.3%) or by a more or less equal amounts of these two phenols. Assessment of their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and six pathogenic bacteria using the broth dilution method revealed that the tested oils have a broad activity spectrum with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 0.1 to 0.8 mg/ml. Among the tested species, S. thymbra EO showed the highest antimicrobial potential whereas T. syriacus showed the lowest inhibitory activity. These results give scientific evidence for the use of those species in the Lebanese folk medicine and lend support to implement them as natural alternatives for synthetic antimicrobials.
authors: Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.|AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA, RD 10, Route de Saint-Cyr, Versailles, France.
authors: Monay
authors: M
authors: Al Hafi
authors: Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: El Beyrouthy
authors: Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
authors: Naim
authors: N
authors: Ouaini
authors: Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, 66650, Banyuls-sur-mer, France.
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Stien
authors: Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, AgroParisTech, UMR INRA/AgroParisTech 'GENIAL Ingénierie Procédés Aliments', 75005, Paris, France.
authors: Douglas
authors: D
authors: Rutledge
authors: AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA, RD 10, Route de Saint-Cyr, Versailles, France.
authors: Sylvain
authors: S
authors: Chaillou
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D000081007:Cymenes; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D007861:Lebanon; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D031362:Satureja / Q000737:chemistry; D013943:Thymol / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D046930:Thymus Plant / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D013943:Thymol; C073316:carvacrol
keywords: Antimicrobial activities; Chemical composition; Essential oils