title: Micronutrient Antioxidants and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most important chronic liver diseases worldwide and has garnered increasing attention in recent decades. NAFLD is characterized by a wide range of liver changes, from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The blurred pathogenesis of NAFLD is very complicated and involves lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. NAFLD is closely associated with complications such as obesity, diabetes, steatohepatitis, and liver fibrosis. During the progression of NAFLD, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are activated and induce oxidative stress. Recent attempts at establishing effective NAFLD therapy have identified potential micronutrient antioxidants that may reduce the accumulation of ROS and finally ameliorate the disease. In this review, we present the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and introduce some dietary antioxidants that may be used to prevent or cure NAFLD, such as vitamin D, E, and astaxanthin.
authors: Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan. guanliangc@gmail.com.
authors: Guanliang
authors: G
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan. shali0145@gmail.com.
authors: Yinhua
authors: Y
authors: Ni
authors: Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan. nnagata@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
authors: Naoto
authors: N
authors: Nagata
authors: Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan. liangxu1023@gmail.com.
authors: Liang
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan. tota@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
authors: Tsuguhito
authors: T
authors: Ota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D024341:Xanthophylls; D014807:Vitamin D; D014810:Vitamin E; C005948:astaxanthine
keywords: antioxidants; astaxanthin; fibrosis; inflammation; insulin resistance; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); vitamin D; vitamin E