title: Role of protein phosphatases in genitourinary cancers.
abstract: The prevalence of genitourinary cancers has been increasing rapidly worldwide over the past 10 years. Advances in diagnosis and treatment have improved the oncological outcomes of patients with genitourinary cancer. However, the precise mechanisms of cancer development are largely unknown. Among various biological mechanisms, reversible phosphorylation is crucial for regulating the activities of many proteins in cancer cells. In contrast to protein kinases, the roles of cellular protein phosphatases have not been fully elucidated. However, emerging evidence suggests that various protein phosphatases are involved in genitourinary cancer development and have potential for cancer treatment. In the present review, we focus on recent progress in protein phosphatases regarding genitourinary cancers. We also explore the development of new strategies for cancer therapy using protein phosphatase and related molecules.
authors: Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Tsukasa
authors: T
authors: Igawa
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D015995:Prevalence; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014565:Urogenital Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases
keywords: genitourinary cancer; protein Ser/Thr phosphatase; protein kinase; protein phosphatase; protein tyrosine phosphatase