title: Preoperative ropivacaine with or without tramadol for femoral nerve block in total knee arthroplasty.
abstract: To compare the analgesic effect of preoperative ropivacaine with or without tramadol for femoral nerve block in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
  
  
  
  14 men and 46 women aged 59 to 80 years who were American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I or II and were scheduled for TKA were randomised to receive preoperative femoral nerve block with 20 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine plus tramadol 0 mg (n=15), 50 mg (n=15), or 100 mg (n=15), or no preoperative femoral nerve block (control) [n=15]. Femoral nerve block was performed by a single anaesthesiologist before the standardised combined spinal epidural anaesthesia. Postoperatively, patientcontrolled analgesia was given. The visual analogue score (VAS) for pain at rest and on movement was recorded at 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Passive knee range of motion (ROM) was measured at 24, 48, and 72 hours.
  
  
  
  The 4 groups were comparable in terms of age, gender, weight, ASA grade, and operating time. Compared with patients who received no femoral nerve block or ropivacaine alone, those who received femoral nerve block with 20 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine plus tramadol 50 mg or 100 mg recorded a lower VAS for pain at rest and on movement at 8 to 72 hours, longer sensory and motor block time, and lower demand, delivery, and total amount of patientcontrolled analgesia. The passive knee ROM at 24 to 72 hours was greater in patients with femoral nerve block than in those without.
  
  
  
  Preoperative femoral nerve block with 20 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine and 100 mg tramadol resulted in the best analgesic effect.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou BenQ Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
authors: Q
authors: Q
authors: Tang
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, No. 98 Hospital of PLA, Huzhou, China.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Yu
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Hao
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Lu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000577:Amides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005267:Femoral Nerve; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D014147:Tramadol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014147:Tramadol; D000077212:Ropivacaine
keywords: arthroplasty, replacement, knee; femoral nerve; nerve block; ropivacaine; tramadol