title: Comparing Results of Five Glomerular Filtration Rate-Estimating Equations in the Korean General Population: MDRD Study, Revised Lund-Malmö, and Three CKD-EPI Equations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a widely used index of kidney function. Recently, new formulas such as the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations or the Lund-Malmö equation were introduced for assessing eGFR. We compared them with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study equation in the Korean adult population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population comprised 1,482 individuals (median age 51 [42-59] yr, 48.9% males) who received annual physical check-ups during the year 2014. Serum creatinine (Cr) and cystatin C (CysC) were measured. We conducted a retrospective analysis using five GFR estimating equations (MDRD Study, revised Lund-Malmö, and Cr and/or CysC-based CKD-EPI equations). Reduced GFR was defined as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m².
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the GFR category distribution, large discrepancies were observed depending on the equation used; category G1 (≥90 mL/min/1.73 m²) ranged from 7.4-81.8%. Compared with the MDRD Study equation, the other four equations overestimated GFR, and CysC-based equations showed a greater difference (-31.3 for CKD-EPI(CysC) and -20.5 for CKD-EPI(Cr-CysC)). CysC-based equations decreased the prevalence of reduced GFR by one third (9.4% in the MDRD Study and 2.4% in CKD-EPI(CysC)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data shows that there are remarkable differences in eGFR assessment in the Korean population depending on the equation used, especially in normal or mildly decreased categories. Further prospective studies are necessary in various clinical settings.
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Misuk
authors: M
authors: Ji
authors: Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yoon Hee
authors: YH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. dearmina@hanmail.net.
authors: Mina
authors: M
authors: Hur
authors: Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hyesun
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Han Ik
authors: HI
authors: Cho
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hyun Suk
authors: HS
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Medical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Navarin
authors: Department of Medical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Di Somma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D055316:Cystatin C; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: CKD-EPI equation; Estimated glomerular filtration rate; MDRD Study equation; Revised Lund-Malmö equation