title: The evaluation of i-SIDRA - a tool for intelligent feedback - in a course on the anatomy of the locomotor system.
abstract: This paper presents an empirical study of a formative mobile-based assessment approach that can be used to provide students with intelligent diagnostic feedback to test its educational effectiveness.
  
  
  
  An audience response system called SIDRA was integrated with a neural network-based data analysis to generate diagnostic feedback for guided learning. A total of 200 medical students enrolled in a General and Descriptive Anatomy of the Locomotor System course were taught using two different methods. Ninety students in the experimental group used intelligent SIDRA (i-SIDRA), whereas 110 students in the control group received the same training but without employing i-SIDRA.
  
  
  
  In the students' final exam grades, a statistically significant difference was found between those students that used i-SIDRA as opposed to a traditional teaching methodology (T(162)=2.597; p=0.010). The increase in the number of correct answers during the feedback guided learning process from the first submission to the last submission in four multiple choice question tests was also analyzed. There were average increases of 20.00% (Test1), 11.34% (Test2), 8.88% (Test3) and 13.43% (Test4) in the number of correct answers. In a questionnaire rated on a five-point Likert-type scale, the students expressed satisfaction with the content (M=4.2) and feedback (M=3.5) provided by i-SIDRA and the methodology (M=4.2) used to learn anatomy.
  
  
  
  The use of audience response systems enriched with feedback such as i-SIDRA improves medical degree students' performance as regards anatomy of the locomotor system. The knowledge state diagrams representing students' behavior allow instructors to study their progress so as to identify what they still need to learn.
authors: Faculty of Computer Science, Department of Informatics and System, University of Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: aleman@um.es.
authors: José Luis
authors: JL
authors: Fernández-Alemán
authors: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy, University of Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: lalogo@yahoo.com.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: López-González
authors: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy, University of Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: sequeros@um.es.
authors: Ofelia
authors: O
authors: González-Sequeros
authors: Robert Gordon University, UK. Electronic address: c.p.jayne@rgu.ac.uk.
authors: Chrisina
authors: C
authors: Jayne
authors: Faculty of Computer Science, Department of Informatics and System, University of Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: juanjoselopez@um.es.
authors: Juan José
authors: JJ
authors: López-Jiménez
authors: Faculty of Computer Science, Department of Informatics and System, University of Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: atoval@um.es.
authors: Ambrosio
authors: A
authors: Toval
mesh_terms: D000715:Anatomy / Q000193:education*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D000068156:Formative Feedback; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D063731:Mobile Applications / Q000592:standards*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D013030:Spain; D013337:Students, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: E-learning; Experiment; Locomotor system; Neural network