title: From novelty to the every-day: the evolution of ureteroscopy.
abstract: Ureteroscopy revolutionized the surgical approach to the upper urinary tract, and is well recognized as a cornerstone of modern urology. Although now commonplace, ureteroscopic equipment and techniques were truly revolutionary. A review of the innovations and innovators that developed ureteroscopic surgery sets the stage for a more thorough understanding of what can be done ureteroscopically, and may additionally better inform what limitations remain. Given that future advancements in urologic therapy will be dependent upon a similar pursuit of paradigm shifting improvements in disease management, an overview of the development of modern ureteroscopy may inspire such change.
authors: Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA - vernon.m.pais.jr@hitchcock.org.
authors: Douglas
authors: D
authors: Ridyard
authors: Lawrence
authors: L
authors: Dagrosa
authors: Vernon M
authors: VM
authors: Pais
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D020709:Ureteroscopes / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000639:trends*; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis