title: Guanidinoacetic acid versus creatine for improved brain and muscle creatine levels: a superiority pilot trial in healthy men.
abstract: In this randomized, double-blind, crossover trial, we evaluated whether 4-week supplementation with guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is superior to creatine in facilitating creatine levels in healthy men (n = 5). GAA (3.0 g/day) resulted in a more powerful rise (up to 16.2%) in tissue creatine levels in vastus medialis muscle, middle-cerebellar peduncle, and paracentral grey matter, as compared with creatine (P < 0.05). These results indicate that GAA as a preferred alternative to creatine for improved bioenergetics in energy-demanding tissues.
authors: a Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Lovcenska 16, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia.|b University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Sergej M
authors: SM
authors: Ostojic
authors: c University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors: Jelena
authors: J
authors: Ostojic
authors: a Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Lovcenska 16, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia.
authors: Patrik
authors: P
authors: Drid
authors: d Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors: Milan
authors: M
authors: Vranes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003401:Creatine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism*; D005998:Glycine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D065837:Middle Cerebellar Peduncle / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010865:Pilot Projects; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D055771:Serbia; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances; D006710:Homocysteine; C004946:glycocyamine; D003401:Creatine; D005998:Glycine
keywords: Vastus medialis muscle; bioenergetics; bioénergétique; cerebellum; cervelet; homocysteine; homocystéine; muscle vaste interne