title: Rutin, an antioxidant flavonoid, induces glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activities to protect against ethanol effects in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in the testis of adult rats.
abstract: Exposure to cadmium (Cd) reduces sperm quality and induces oxidative stress in the testis. Rutin is an effective antioxidant flavonoid. We studied the effect of ethanol (EtOH, 5 g/kg b.wt.) intake on Cd (50 mg/kg b.wt.)-induced testicular toxicity with or without RUT pre-treatment (25, 50, 100 mg/kg b.wt.) in rats. At the end of the 15-day oral treatment, co-treatment with EtOH decreased the activities of glutathione (GSH), GSH-peroxidase and superoxide dismutase resulting to slight increase in the testicular MDA level compared to Cd-treated rats. The Cd+EtOH animals had higher levels of abnormal spermatozoa, decreased epididymal sperm number and serum testosterone levels (p < .05) compared to the Cd-treated animals. Rutin co-administration protected against the EtOH effects in a dose-dependent manner, with the Cd+EtOH+50 mg/kg RUT- and Cd+EtOH+100 mg/kg RUT-treated animals having higher GSH and GSH-Px activities beyond the control values (p < .05). In a supplementary study, animals treated daily with RUT alone (25, 50, 100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 15 days dose-dependently increased testicular GSH-peroxidase and GSH activities by 9.38%, 31.25%, 56.25% and 7.14%, 32.14%, 60.71%, respectively, compared to control values. Therefore, RUT induces GSH and GSH-Px activities to protect against Cd+EtOH-induced testis oxidative stress in rats.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
authors: S O
authors: SO
authors: Abarikwu
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
authors: P D
authors: PD
authors: Olufemi
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Lawrence
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
authors: F C
authors: FC
authors: Wekere
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Ochulor
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Barikuma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000032:analysis*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012431:Rutin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013076:Sperm Count; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002104:Cadmium; D000431:Ethanol; D012431:Rutin; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: cadmium; ethanol; rutin; sperm quality; testosterone