title: Recombinant IL-4/13A and IL-4/13B induce arginase activity and down-regulate nitric oxide response of primary goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) macrophages.
abstract: We report on the expression analysis and functional characterization of IL-4/13A and IL-4/13B in goldfish. Quantitative analysis indicated the highest expression in the heart, spleen, brain, and kidney, with comparable expression patterns for both IL-4/13A and IL-4/13B. The mRNA levels of IL-4/13A and IL-4/13B in the immune cells examined were highest in macrophage and monocytes. Assessment of spleen mRNA following infection with Trypanosoma carassii, a prominent protozoan pathogen of fish, revealed decrease in IL-4/13B and arginase expression 14 days post infection, followed by an increase in IL-4/13B and arginase-2 at 28 days post infection. Recombinant forms of IL-4/13A and IL-4/13B induced an increase in arginase activity in macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Recombinant IL-4/13A and IL-4/13B also induced significant increase in mRNA levels of arginase -2 in macrophages at 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after treatment. Furthermore, treatment with both IL-4/13 recombinants interfered with the IFNγ-induced nitric oxide response of macrophages. Our results suggest a conserved role of IL-4/IL-13 in induction of alternative activation phenotype in teleost macrophages.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: Jordan W
authors: JW
authors: Hodgkinson
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: Chad
authors: C
authors: Fibke
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address: mike.belosevic@ualberta.ca.
authors: Miodrag
authors: M
authors: Belosevic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001119:Arginase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006054:Goldfish / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000276:immunology*; D014352:Trypanosomiasis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D018793:Interleukin-13; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001119:Arginase
keywords: Arginase activity; Fish; Gene expression; Interleukin-4/13; Macrophages; Nitric oxide