title: The Relationship between Resettlement and Birth Rates: The Case of Gambella, Ethiopia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to examine the possible impacts of resettlement on birth rates by using the length of stay variable in the 2000 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data in all three rounds of Gambella Administrative Region's Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are analyzed. The neighboring administrative region of Benishangul-Gumuz is used as a control. The multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is applied with duration of residence as a categorical independent variable. The statistical software SAS is used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a univariate analysis of Gambella's DHS 2000, duration of residence has a significant effect on mothers' age at first birth (p < 0.001), the number of children born within the five years of the survey (p<0.001), and the total number of children ever born (P<0.001). In the MANOVA analysis, the duration effect on all three is also statistically significant (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resettlement had a disruptive effect on birth rates among females who were just coming into marriageable ages in places of origin but were resettled to Gambella. Although the disruptive effects waned over time, the initial shortfall resulted in reduced overall lifetime births for settler women who were not past the midpoint of their reproductive years at arrival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the reproductive history of female settlers with different duration of residence in the resettlement schemes, we recommend the reinstatement of the length of residence question in future DHS surveys in Ethiopia to allow a longitudinal tracking of demographic trends among nonnative populations.
authors: Department of Geography, Sonoma State University, USA.
authors: Aynalem
authors: A
authors: Adugna
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors: Helmut
authors: H
authors: Kloos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001722:Birth Order; D001723:Birth Rate; D003710:Demography; D005002:Ethiopia; D005260:Female; D006076:Government; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008423:Maternal Age; D008875:Middle Aged; D010298:Parity; D057766:Policy; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014171:Transients and Migrants; D055815:Young Adult