title: Misdiagnosis of Talar Body or Neck Fractures as Ankle Sprains in Low Energy Traumas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The talus has a very complex anatomical morphology and is mainly fractured by a major force caused by a fall or a traffic accident. Therefore, a talus fracture is not common. However, many recent reports have shown that minor injuries, such as sprains and slips during sports activities, can induce a talar fracture especially in the lateral or posterior process. Still, fractures to the main parts of the talus (neck and body) after ankle sprains have not been reported as occult fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the total 102 cases from January 2005 to December 2012, 7 patients had confirmed cases of missed/delayed diagnosis of a talus body or neck fracture and were included in the study population. If available, medical records, X-rays, computed tomography scans, and magnetic resonance imaging of the confirmed cases were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 7-patient population, there were 3 talar neck fractures and 4 talar body fractures (coronal shearing type). The mechanisms of injuries were all low energy trauma episodes. The causes of the injuries included twisting of the ankle during climbing (n = 2), jumping to the ground from a 1-m high wall (n = 2), and twisting of the ankle during daily activities (n = 3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A talar body fracture and a talar neck fracture should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with acute and chronic ankle pain after a minor ankle injury.
authors: Foot and Ankle Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ki-Won
authors: KW
authors: Young
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors: Young-Uk
authors: YU
authors: Park
authors: Foot and Ankle Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jin-Su
authors: JS
authors: Kim
authors: Foot and Ankle Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hun-Ki
authors: HK
authors: Cho
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors: Ho-Sik
authors: HS
authors: Choo
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors: Jang-Ho
authors: JH
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D064386:Ankle Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013177:Sports; D013628:Talus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Ankle sprain; Sports; Talus fracture; Trauma