title: Deep hypothermia-enhanced autophagy protects PC12 cells against oxygen glucose deprivation via a mitochondrial pathway.
abstract: Deep hypothermia is known for its organ-preservation properties, which is introduced into surgical operations on the brain and heart, providing both safety in stopping circulation as well as an attractive bloodless operative field. However, the molecular mechanisms have not been clearly identified. This study was undertaken to determine the influence of deep hypothermia on neural apoptosis and the potential mechanism of these effects in PC12 cells following oxygen-glucose deprivation. Deep hypothermia (18°C) was given to PC12 cells while the model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) induction for 1h. After 24h of reperfusion, the results showed that deep hypothermia decreased the neural apoptosis, and significantly suppressed overexpression of Bax, CytC, Caspase 3, Caspase 9 and cleaved PARP-1, and inhibited the reduction of Bcl-2 expression. While deep hypothermia increased the LC3II/LC3I and Beclin 1, an autophagy marker, which can be inhibited by 3-methyladenine (3-MA), indicating that deep hypothermia-enhanced autophagy ameliorated apoptotic cell death in PC12 cells subjected to OGD. Based on these findings we propose that deep hypothermia protects against neural apoptosis after the induction of OGD by attenuating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, moreover, the mechanism of these antiapoptosis effects is related to the enhancement of autophagy, which autophagy might provide a means of neuroprotection against OGD.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China.
authors: Dang
authors: D
authors: Tang
authors: Second Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China.
authors: Cheng
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China.
authors: Yongjun
authors: Y
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Pu
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China.
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: Long
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China. Electronic address: 1017469868@qq.com.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D000066829:Neuroprotection / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D016716:PC12 Cells; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D045304:Cytochromes c; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Autophagy; Deep hypothermia; Mitochondrial pathway; Oxygen glucose deprivation; PC12 cells