title: Direct heart shunt placement for CSF diversion: technical note.
abstract: The authors report a complex case of an 18-year-old male with a history of hydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage of prematurity, with more than 30 previous shunt revisions, who presented to the authors' institution with shunt malfunction. After exhausting his peritoneal cavity and pleural space as possible distal sites of shunt placement, he underwent a direct heart shunt placement when it was discovered he had thrombosis of his subclavian vein precluding a standard wire-guided atrial cannulation. His course was complicated by postoperative distal catheter migration and repeat surgery for reimplantation of the shunt directly into the atrium. At the 16-month follow-up visit, the patient showed no symptoms of shunt malfunction or pericardial effusion. Imaging studies demonstrated a functioning shunt system. This is the second reported successful ventricle to direct heart shunt placement in an adult. The authors report on the technical aspects of the case and review the relevant literature.
authors: Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.
authors: Ziev B
authors: ZB
authors: Moses
authors: Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
authors: Alp
authors: A
authors: Ozpinar
authors: Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.
authors: Muhammad M
authors: MM
authors: Abd-El-Barr
authors: Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors: Luis G
authors: LG
authors: Quinonez
authors: Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors: Sitaram M
authors: SM
authors: Emani
authors: Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.
authors: Liliana C
authors: LC
authors: Goumnerova
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male
keywords: EVD = external ventricular drain; ICU = intensive care unit; VA = ventriculoatrial; VATS = video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; VP = ventriculoperitoneal; cardiac; hydrocephalus; shunt; technique