title: Direct-Write Fabrication of Cellulose Nano-Structures via Focused Electron Beam Induced Nanosynthesis.
abstract: In many areas of science and technology, patterned films and surfaces play a key role in engineering and development of advanced materials. Here, we introduce a new generic technique for the fabrication of polysaccharide nano-structures via focused electron beam induced conversion (FEBIC). For the proof of principle, organosoluble trimethylsilyl-cellulose (TMSC) thin films have been deposited by spin coating on SiO2 / Si and exposed to a nano-sized electron beam. It turns out that in the exposed areas an electron induced desilylation reaction takes place converting soluble TMSC to rather insoluble cellulose. After removal of the unexposed TMSC areas, structured cellulose patterns remain on the surface with FWHM line widths down to 70 nm. Systematic FEBIC parameter sweeps reveal a generally electron dose dependent behavior with three working regimes: incomplete conversion, ideal doses and over exposure. Direct (FT-IR) and indirect chemical analyses (enzymatic degradation) confirmed the cellulosic character of ideally converted areas. These investigations are complemented by a theoretical model which suggests a two-step reaction process by means of TMSC → cellulose and cellulose → non-cellulose material conversion in excellent agreement with experimental data. The extracted, individual reaction rates allowed the derivation of design rules for FEBIC parameters towards highest conversion efficiencies and highest lateral resolution.
authors: Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis, Graz University of Technology, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Ganner
authors: Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis, Graz University of Technology, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Sattelkow
authors: Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis, Graz University of Technology, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Bernhard
authors: B
authors: Rumpf
authors: Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Eibinger
authors: Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Reishofer
authors: Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Winkler
authors: Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria.|Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Bernd
authors: B
authors: Nidetzky
authors: Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Spirk
authors: Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis, Graz University of Technology, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria.|Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Plank
mesh_terms: D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004583:Electrons; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds; D002482:Cellulose; D002480:Cellulase