title: The Use and Intended Outcomes of Presence: A Focus Group Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore and understand the use and intended outcomes of presence from the perspective of and as experienced by nurses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven nurses participated in one of four focus groups. Data were analyzed using Giorgi's phenomenological method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four themes emerged: (1) therapeutic communication; (2) nurse well-being; (3) dimensions of presence; and (4) intention to improve client outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presence was described as a multidimensional intervention that required therapeutic communication and nurse well-being with the intention of improving client outcomes. Study findings provide evidence of the significance of presence in the face of human interaction that is shifting to virtual, impersonal communication.
authors: Primary Investigator, University of Central Florida, College of Nursing, Orlando, Florida.
authors: Cherrill
authors: C
authors: Stockmann
authors: Co-Investigator and Associate Professor, Department of Arts and Sciences, Methodist College.
authors: Octavian
authors: O
authors: Gabor
authors: Co-Investigator and Professor, Department of Nursing, Methodist College.
authors: Pamela
authors: P
authors: DiVito-Thomas
authors: Research Assistant, Methodist College, Peoria, Illinois.
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Ehlers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003142:Communication; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015146:Midwestern United States; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D009742:Nursing Theory; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D036301:Qualitative Research
keywords: Client satisfaction; nurse-client relationship; outcomes; phenomenology; presence