title: An Acute Cervical Subdural Hematoma as the Complication of Acupuncture: Case Report and Literature Review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several injuries in the cervical region as complications of acupuncture have been previously reported in the literature, including cord and medulla oblongata injuries, subdural empyema, and cervical hematoma. Spinal cord subdural hematoma is a rare condition mainly associated with coagulopathy, trauma, and iatrogenic procedures. We herein report an acute cervical subdural hematoma after cervical acupuncture for neck and shoulder pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 74-year-old woman presented with progressive quadriparesis and sensory deficit after receiving acupuncture in the neck and shoulder. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed a subdural lesion that was a hyperintense mass in the T1-weighted and hypointense in T2-weighted images at the C4-C6 level, which proved to be an early subacute subdural hematoma. After surgical evacuation of the hematoma, the patient had significant neurologic improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although rare, cervical spinal cord hematomas are disastrous complications of cervical acupuncture. These procedures should be performed under direct observation of trained physicians with appropriate knowledge of cervical anatomy to avoid these complications.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors: Keyvan
authors: K
authors: Eghbal
authors: Student Research Committee, Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: fariborz.ghaffarpasand@gmail.com.
authors: Fariborz
authors: F
authors: Ghaffarpasand
mesh_terms: D015670:Acupuncture Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000368:Aged; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D020199:Hematoma, Subdural, Acute / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D046649:Hematoma, Subdural, Spinal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Acupuncture; Cervical; Complication; Subdural hematoma