title: Effect of Fluoxetine Consumption on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) widely used for depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of fluoxetine on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups namely the control group (no medication), saline and fluoxetine dissolved in saline. In all groups, nickel titanium closed-coil spring was used between the left maxillary central incisor and first molar to exert 60g force at 2mm activation. Radiographs were taken at one and 21 days. After 21 days, the rats were sacrificed. The distance between the first and second molar teeth, optical density of bone, periodontal ligament (PDL) width, lacuna length and depth and number of osteoclasts were measured and compared among the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tooth movement significantly increased in the fluoxetine group (P=0.005). No significant differences were found in osteoclast count (P=0.069). The PDL width in the mesioapical region of root was significantly different among the groups (P=0.015). Statistical analysis did not show significant differences in depth or length of lacunae in any examined part of the root (P>0.05). Bone densitometry results showed that in fluoxetine group, density of bone in all four areas (alveolar bone, hard palate, skull and mandibular bone) significantly decreased from day one to day 21 (P< 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated that fluoxetine decreased bone density, which resulted in subsequently greater tooth movement in rats; however, further studies are needed on humans.
authors: Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Amir Hossein
authors: AH
authors: Mirhashemi
authors: Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Mohammad Sadegh
authors: MS
authors: Ahmad Akhoundi
authors: Assistant Professor, Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
authors: Sedigheh
authors: S
authors: Sheikhzadeh
authors: Dentist, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Nafiseh
authors: N
authors: Momeni
authors: Professor, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Ahmadreza
authors: A
authors: Dehpour
authors: Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Mojgan
authors: M
authors: Alaeddini
authors: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Yasaman
authors: Y
authors: Kheirandish
authors: Postgraduate Student, Orthodontic Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Homa
authors: H
authors: Farhadifard
authors: Dentist, Private Practice, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Elahe
authors: E
authors: Ansari
keywords: Fluoxetine; Rats; Tooth Movement