title: Hand coverage by alcohol-based handrub varies: Volume and hand size matter.
abstract: Visitors of an infection prevention and control conference performed hand hygiene with 1, 2, or 3 mL ultraviolet light-traced alcohol-based handrub. Coverage of palms, dorsums, and fingertips were measured by digital images. Palms of all hand sizes were sufficiently covered when 2 mL was applied, dorsums of medium and large hands were never sufficiently covered. Palmar fingertips were sufficiently covered when 2  or 3 mL was applied, and dorsal fingertips were never sufficiently covered.
authors: Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: walter.zingg@hcuge.ch.
authors: Walter
authors: W
authors: Zingg
authors: Antal Bejczy Center for Intelligent Robotics, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary; Austrian Center for Medical Innovation and Technology, Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
authors: Tamas
authors: T
authors: Haidegger
authors: Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Pittet
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D049628:Body Size; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006235:Hand Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D004202:Disinfectants
keywords: Dorsum; Hand hygiene; Hand sanitizer; Palm