title: Protective and therapeutic effects of fucoxanthin against sunburn caused by UV irradiation.
abstract: Mild exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is also harmful and hazardous to the skin and often causes a photosensitivity disorder accompanied by sunburn. To understand the action of UV on the skin we performed a microarray analysis to isolate UV-sensitive genes. We show here that UV irradiation promoted sunburn and downregulated filaggrin (Flg); fucoxanthin (FX) exerted a protective effect. In vitro analysis showed that UV irradiation of human dermal fibroblasts caused production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) without cellular toxicity. ROS production was diminished by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or FX, but not by retinoic acid (RA). In vivo analysis showed that UV irradiation caused sunburn and Flg downregulation, and that FX, but not NAC, RA or clobetasol, exerted a protective effect. FX stimulated Flg promoter activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Flg promoter deletion and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that caudal type homeo box transcription factor 1 (Cdx1) was a key factor for Flg induction. Cdx1 was also downregulated in UV-exposed skin. Therefore, our data suggested that the protective effects of FX against UV-induced sunburn might be exerted by promotion of skin barrier formation through induction of Flg, unrelated to quenching of ROS or an RA-like action.
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Mio
authors: M
authors: Matsui
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Kosuke
authors: K
authors: Tanaka
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Higashiguchi
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Hisato
authors: H
authors: Okawa
authors: Infection Control Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Yoichi
authors: Y
authors: Yamada
authors: Pharmacognosy Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Tanaka
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Soichiro
authors: S
authors: Taira
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Aoyama
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Misaki
authors: M
authors: Takanishi
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Chika
authors: C
authors: Natsume
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Yuuki
authors: Y
authors: Takakura
authors: Pharmacoinformatics Lab., Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Norihisa
authors: N
authors: Fujita
authors: Faculty of Sport & Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: fujitat@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Fujita
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D013471:Sunburn / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: C000717249:FLG protein, human; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D024341:Xanthophylls; C025164:fucoxanthin; D014212:Tretinoin; D000111:Acetylcysteine
keywords: Filaggrin; Fucoxanthin; Skin barrier; Sunburn