title: Pierre Robin sequence: Subdivision, data, theories, and treatment - Part 1: History, subdivisions, and data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been plagued by controversy ever since initially being described. Controversy exists not only about the appropriate terminology and etiopathogenesis of the disorder but also about its management. Therefore, clinical findings and treatment outcomes of a large database of 266 PRS cases were compared with the current state of knowledge in scientific literature related to history, clinical description, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, theories of oligohydramnios, mandibular catch-up growth, midfacial hyperplasia, and the timing of management.
  Display disparities of the widely published subject of PRS that exist within the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search related to diagnostic criteria was compared to findings of one of the largest PRS databases worldwide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regarding diagnostic criteria two subdivisions, the Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) and the Siebold-Robin sequence (SRS) can be clearly distinguished. Both present with micrognathia and glossoptosis, the former with, the latter, however, without a palatal cleft.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to clear diagnostic criteria, PRS has to be subdivided in the future into FRT and SRS cases, as they may require different treatment approaches.
authors: Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Facial Cleft Deformity Clinic, University of Pretoria, Durban, South Africa; Suite A2-Maxillofacial Surgery, The Wilgers Hospital, Pretoria, Durban, South Africa; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
authors: Kurt-W
authors: KW
authors: Bütow
authors: Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors: Roger Arthur
authors: RA
authors: Zwahlen
authors: Department Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors: Jean A
authors: JA
authors: Morkel
authors: Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Facial Cleft Deformity Clinic, University of Pretoria, Durban, South Africa.
authors: Sharan
authors: S
authors: Naidoo
keywords: Fairbairn–Robin triad; Pierre Robin sequence; Siebold–Robin sequence; glossoptosis; micrognathia