title: Pre-Exercise Infrared Low-Level Laser Therapy (810 nm) in Skeletal Muscle Performance and Postexercise Recovery in Humans, What Is the Optimal Dose? A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the medium-term effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT or photobiomodulation) in postexercise skeletal muscle recovery and performance enhancement and to identify the optimal dose of 810 nm LLLT.
  
  
  
  A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed, with voluntary participation of 28 high-level soccer athletes. We analyzed maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), creatine kinase (CK) activity, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression. The assessments were performed before exercise protocols, after 1 min, and 1, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the end of eccentric exercise protocol used to induce fatigue. LLLT was applied before eccentric exercise protocol with a cluster with five diodes, and dose of 10, 30, or 50 J (200 mW and 810 nm) in six sites of quadriceps.
  
  
  
  LLLT increased (p < 0.05) MVC from immediately after exercise to 24 h with 50 J dose, and from 24 to 96 h with 10 J dose. Both 10 J then 50 J dose decreased (p < 0.05) CK and IL-6 with better results in favor of 50 J dose. However, LLLT had no effect in decreasing DOMS. No differences (p > 0.05) were found for 30 J dose in any of the outcomes measured.
  
  
  
  Pre-exercise LLLT, mainly with 50 J dose, significantly increases performance and improves biochemical markers related to skeletal muscle damage and inflammation.
authors: 1 Laboratory of Phototherapy in Sports and Exercise, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) , São Paulo, Brazil .|2 Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) , São Paulo, Brazil .
authors: Adriane
authors: A
authors: Aver Vanin
authors: 3 Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul , Caxias do Sul, Brazil .
authors: Thiago
authors: T
authors: De Marchi
authors: 4 Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil .
authors: S S
authors: SS
authors: Tomazoni
authors: 5 Sports Medicine Institute, University of Caxias do Sul , Caxias do Sul, Brazil .
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Tairova
authors: 1 Laboratory of Phototherapy in Sports and Exercise, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) , São Paulo, Brazil .
authors: Heliodora
authors: H
authors: Leão Casalechi
authors: 2 Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) , São Paulo, Brazil .|6 Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) , São Paulo, Brazil .
authors: Paulo
authors: P
authors: de Tarso Camillo de Carvalho
authors: 7 Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway .
authors: Jan Magnus
authors: JM
authors: Bjordal
authors: 1 Laboratory of Phototherapy in Sports and Exercise, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) , São Paulo, Brazil .|2 Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) , São Paulo, Brazil .|6 Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) , São Paulo, Brazil .
authors: Ernesto Cesar
authors: EC
authors: Leal-Junior
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000528:radiation effects; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000528:radiation effects; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*