title: Activation of Persulfates by Graphitized Nanodiamonds for Removal of Organic Compounds.
abstract: This study introduces graphited nanodiamond (G-ND) as an environmentally friendly, easy-to-regenerate, and cost-effective alternative catalyst to activate persulfate (i.e., peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS)) and oxidize organic compounds in water. The G-ND was found to be superior for persulfate activation to other benchmark carbon materials such as graphite, graphene, fullerene, and carbon nanotubes. The G-ND/persulfate showed selective reactivity toward phenolic compounds and some pharmaceuticals, and the degradation kinetics were not inhibited by the presence of oxidant scavengers and natural organic matter. These results indicate that radical intermediates such as sulfate radical anion and hydroxyl radical are not majorly responsible for this persulfate-driven oxidation of organic compounds. The findings from linear sweep voltammetry, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses suggest that the both persulfate and phenol effectively bind to G-ND surface and are likely to form charge transfer complex, in which G-ND plays a critical role in mediating facile electron transfer from phenol to persulfate.
authors: Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.
authors: Hongshin
authors: H
authors: Lee
authors: Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.
authors: Hyoung-Il
authors: HI
authors: Kim
authors: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seunghyun
authors: S
authors: Weon
authors: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
authors: Wonyong
authors: W
authors: Choi
authors: Future Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT) , Jinju, 660-844, Republic of Korea.|Human and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Science and Technology (UST) , Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yu Sik
authors: YS
authors: Hwang
authors: School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jiwon
authors: J
authors: Seo
authors: School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.
authors: Changha
authors: C
authors: Lee
authors: Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.
authors: Jae-Hong
authors: JH
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D058612:Nanodiamonds; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D019800:Phenol / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D058612:Nanodiamonds; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D019800:Phenol