title: Nanofibrillated cellulose as an additive in papermaking process: A review.
abstract: During the last two decades, cellulose nanofibres (CNF) have emerged as a promising, sustainable reinforcement with outstanding potential in material sciences. Though application of CNF in papermaking is recent, it is expected to find implementation in the near future to give a broader commercial market to this type of cellulose. The present review highlights recent progress in the field of the application of cellulose nanofibres as additives in papermaking. The effect of CNF addition on the wet end process is analysed according to the type of pulp used for papermaking. According to the literature consulted, improvement in paper's overall properties after CNF addition depended not only on the type and amount of CNF applied, but also in the pulp's origin and treatment. Bulk and surface application of CNF also presented significant differences regarding paper's final properties. This review also revises the mechanisms behind CNF reinforcing effect on paper and the effect of chemically modified CNF as additives.
authors: University of Sfax, Faculty of Science, LMES, BP 1171-3000 Sfax, Tunisie.
authors: Sami
authors: S
authors: Boufi
authors: Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, c/M. Aurèlia Campmany, n° 61, Girona 17071, Spain. Electronic address: israel.gonzalez@udg.edu.
authors: Israel
authors: I
authors: González
authors: Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, c/M. Aurèlia Campmany, n° 61, Girona 17071, Spain.
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Delgado-Aguilar
authors: Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, c/M. Aurèlia Campmany, n° 61, Girona 17071, Spain.
authors: Quim
authors: Q
authors: Tarrès
authors: Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, c/M. Aurèlia Campmany, n° 61, Girona 17071, Spain.
authors: M Àngels
authors: MÀ
authors: Pèlach
authors: Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, c/M. Aurèlia Campmany, n° 61, Girona 17071, Spain.
authors: Pere
authors: P
authors: Mutjé
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D066192:Manufacturing Industry / Q000379:methods; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D010209:Paper
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose
keywords: CNF; Mechanical properties; Nanofibrillated cellulose; Paper; Physical properties; Wet-end