title: Root Surface Roughness After Scaling and Root Planing with Er:YAG Laser Compared to Hand and Ultrasonic Instruments by Profilometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Scaling and root planing (SRP) is one of the most commonly used procedures during periodontal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root surface roughness after SRP with erbium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser compared to ultrasonic and hand instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this experimental study, 56 extracted sound single-rooted teeth with moderate level of calculus were selected and randomly divided into four groups: SRP was performed with Er:YAG laser (100 mJ pulse, 1W, 10Hz, VSP and contact mode, with 50% water and air) in group one, hand instrument in group two and ultrasonic tool in group three. Group four was considered as the control group. After SRP, all samples were cut by Servocut cutting machine into pieces with 3×3×2mm dimensions. The samples were mounted in acrylic resin. The surface roughness of the samples was evaluated with profilometry, and the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test in SPSS software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surface roughness was higher in laser and lower in ultrasonic group compared to other groups. There was a significant difference in surface roughness between laser and ultrasonic groups (P=0.043), but there was no significant difference in surface roughness among other groups (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study showed that surface roughness after SRP with Er:YAG laser was not higher than that after manual SRP, but the former value was higher than that after SRP with ultrasonic instrument.
authors: Associate Professor, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Jaber
authors: J
authors: Yaghini
authors: Assistant Professor, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Narges
authors: N
authors: Naghsh
authors: Dentist, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Elaheh
authors: E
authors: Attaei
authors: Professor, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Birang
authors: Postgraduate Student, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Ehsan
authors: E
authors: Birang
keywords: Dental Cementum; Lasers, Solid-State; Root Planing