title: Gestational diabetes mellitus in Greenland: a national study of prevalence and testing efficacy.
abstract: Within the last 20 years, the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been reported to be increasing worldwide in correlation with ethnic and geographic variations. The actual prevalence of GDM throughout all of Greenland remains unknown.
  
  
  
  The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of GDM among Greenlanders and non-Greenlanders living in Greenland and to estimate the efficacy of testing for GDM.
  
  
  
  This study was performed as an observational, cross-sectional study including all women with permanent address in Greenland who had given birth to a singleton during 2014. The prevalence of GDM was calculated as the proportion of all pregnant women tested with a 75-g 2-h glucose tolerance test who had a 2-h capillary whole-blood glucose value of 8.5 mmol/l or above. Testing efficacy was calculated as the proportion of women who fulfilled the testing criteria who were actually tested in Greenland in 2014.
  
  
  
  A total of 794 women (727 Greenlanders and 67 non-Greenlanders) were included in the study. The prevalence of GDM among tested women was 3.3% (confidence interval, CI: 0.9-5.6) among Greenlanders and 12.5% (CI: 0-25.7) among non-Greenlanders, corresponding, respectively, to 1.0% (CI: 0.3-1.3) and 4.5% (CI: 0-9.4) of all singleton pregnancies in Greenland in 2014. The overall testing efficacy was 69.0% among all eligible residents of Greenland and 85.1% among eligible residents in the capital city, Nuuk.
  
  
  
  In conclusion, the prevalence of GDM seems quite low in Greenland. Although diagnostic testing activity has improved within the last 6 years, still around one-third of all pregnant women in all Greenland fulfilling the testing criteria were not tested. Universal testing for GDM may be needed to improve testing of GDM in Greenland.
authors: Greenland Center of Health Research, Institute of Nursing and Health Science, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland.|Queen Ingrid Primary Health Care Center, Nuuk, Greenland; milp@peqqik.gl.
authors: Michael Lynge
authors: ML
authors: Pedersen
authors: Queen Ingrid Primary Health Care Center, Nuuk, Greenland.
authors: Jesper
authors: J
authors: Olesen
authors: Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.|National Institute of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Denmark.
authors: Marit Eika
authors: ME
authors: Jørgensen
authors: Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Damm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006116:Greenland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin
keywords: Greenland; Indigenous; Inuit; gestational diabetes mellitus; prevalence; screening