title: Self-image of the Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Mixed Method Research.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the self-image of the patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs) by using a mixed method research.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mixed method approach and triangulation design was used with the aim of assessing the self-image of the patients with HNCs. Data was gathered by using self-administered self-image scale and structured interview. Nested sampling technique was adopted. Sample size for quantitative approach was 54 and data saturation was achieved with seven subjects for qualitative approach. Institutional Ethical Committee clearance was obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the study showed that 30 (56%) subjects had positive self-image and 24 (44%) had negative self-image. There was a moderate positive correlation between body image and integrity (r = 0.430, P = 0.001), weak positive correlation between body image and self-esteem (r = 0.270, P = 0.049), and no correlation between self-esteem and integrity (r = 0.203, P = 0.141). The participants also scored maximum (24/24) in the areas of body image and self-esteem. Similar findings were also observed in the phenomenological approach. The themes evolved were immaterial of outer appearance and desire of good health to all.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The illness is long-term and impacts the individual 24 h a day. Understanding patients' self-concept and living experiences of patients with HNC is important for the health care professionals to improve the care.
authors: Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors: Shalini G
authors: SG
authors: Nayak
authors: Department of Child Health Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors: Mamatha Shivananda
authors: MS
authors: Pai
authors: Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors: Linu Sara
authors: LS
authors: George
keywords: Head and neck cancer; Mixed method; Self-concept; Self-image; South India