title: Variation in the Gender Gap in Inactive and Active Life Expectancy by the Definition of Inactivity Among Older Adults.
abstract: To assess variation in gender gap (female-male) in inactive life expectancy (IALE) and active life expectancy (ALE) by definition of inactivity.
  
  
  
  Inactivity, among older Singaporeans, was defined as follows: Scenario 1-health-related difficulty in activities of daily living (ADLs); Scenario 2-health-related difficulty in ADLs/instrumental ADLs (IADLs); Scenario 3-health-related difficulty in ADLs/IADLs or non-health-related non-performance of IADLs. Multistate life tables computed IALE and ALE at age 60, testing three hypotheses: In all scenarios, life expectancy, absolute and relative IALE, and absolute ALE are higher for females (Hypothesis 1 [H1]); gender gap in absolute and relative IALE expands, and in absolute ALE, it contracts in Scenario 2 versus 1 (Hypothesis 2 [H2]); gender gap in absolute and relative IALE decreases, and in absolute ALE, it increases in Scenario 3 versus 2 (Hypothesis 3 [H3]).
  
  
  
  H1 was supported in Scenarios 1 and 3 but not Scenario 2. Both H2 and H3 were supported.
  
  
  
  Definition of inactivity influences gender gap in IALE and ALE.
authors: Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore rahul.malhotra@duke-nus.edu.sg.
authors: Rahul
authors: R
authors: Malhotra
authors: Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors: Angelique
authors: A
authors: Chan
authors: Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
authors: Shweta
authors: S
authors: Ajay
authors: Ministry of Health, Singapore.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Ma
authors: Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Yasuhiko
authors: Y
authors: Saito
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy / Q000639:trends*; D015993:Life Tables; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Singapore; activities of daily living; gender; health expectancy; life expectancy