title: Latent class analysis of the feared situations of social anxiety disorder: A population-based study.
abstract: Little is known about differences in mental health comorbidity and quality of life in individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) according to the number and the types of feared situations.
  
  
  
  Using a US nationally representative sample, the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, we performed latent class analysis to compare the prevalence rates of mental disorders and quality of life measures across classes defined by the number and the types of feared social situations among individuals with SAD.
  
  
  
  Among the 2,448 participants with a lifetime diagnosis of SAD, we identified three classes of individuals who feared most social situations but differed in the number of feared social situations (generalized severe [N = 378], generalized moderate [N = 1,049] and generalized low [N = 443]) and a class of subjects who feared only performance situations [N = 578]. The magnitude of associations between each class and a wide range of mental disorders and quality of life measures were consistent with a continuum model, supporting that the deleterious effects of SAD on mental health may increase with the number of social situations feared. However, we found that individuals with the "performance only" specifier may constitute an exception to this model because these participants had significantly better mental health than other participants with SAD.
  
  
  
  Our findings give additional support to the recent changes made in the DSM-5, including the introduction of the "performance only" specifier and the removal of the "generalized" specifier to promote the dimensional approach of the number of social fears.
authors: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France.|Cognitive Sciences and Psycholinguistic Laboratory, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France.
authors: Hugo
authors: H
authors: Peyre
authors: Paris Descartes University, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Department of Psychiatry, AP-HP, Corentin Celton Hospital, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France.|INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France.
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Hoertel
authors: INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France.|Sainte-Anne Hospital, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors: Fabrice
authors: F
authors: Rivollier
authors: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France.
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Landman
authors: Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC.
authors: Kibby
authors: K
authors: McMahon
authors: Department of Psychiatry, AP-HP, Corentin Celton Hospital, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France.
authors: Astrid
authors: A
authors: Chevance
authors: Paris Descartes University, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Department of Psychiatry, AP-HP, Corentin Celton Hospital, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France.|INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France.
authors: Cédric
authors: C
authors: Lemogne
authors: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France.
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Delorme
authors: Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Blanco
authors: Paris Descartes University, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Department of Psychiatry, AP-HP, Corentin Celton Hospital, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France.|INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France.
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Limosin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D060805:Performance Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000072861:Phobia, Social / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: generalized; latent class analysis; performance only; psychiatric disorders; social anxiety disorder; social fears; social phobia; subtypes