title: Comparison of coronary heart disease risk among four diagnostic definitions of metabolic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is now well known as one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). Currently, there are several methods used to define MetS. The aim of this study was to determine to what extent current MetS definition reflects CHD risk using the probability of CHD in 10 years based on Framingham risk score algorithms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 7575 adults, aged 16-93 years (2532 men and 5043 women), were recruited. We conducted a cross-sectional health survey in China using MetS criteria from four different definitions: modified National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Chinese and Japanese.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences in the prevalence of MetS by each definition were small in males (22.9-25.9 %), whereas in females, MetS was three times more prevalent using the IDF definition (29.1 %) versus the Japanese definition (9.7 %). Framingham risk scores in participants with MetS were significantly higher than in those without MetS by all definition criteria (p < 0.001). The CHD risk scores for participants with MetS by each definition showed similar values in males (range 11.5-12.1 %) with no significant differences among definitions. Conversely, in females with MetS the risk score for CHD was low (range 3.5-4.3 %) by each MetS definition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that further studies are required to establish appropriate criteria of MetS in females.
authors: Department of Clinical Study and Informatics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan. tsuzuki@kitasato-u.ac.jp.|Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Kitasato Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan. tsuzuki@kitasato-u.ac.jp.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Suzuki
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Zeng
authors: Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Zhao
authors: Taiyuan People Hospital, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Wei
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tanabe
authors: Department of Clinical Study and Informatics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Shimbo
authors: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Kajio
authors: Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Kato
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan. mnaruse@kyotolan.hosp.go.jp.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Naruse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: China; Framingham risk score; International Diabetes Federation (IDF); Japan; Metabolic syndrome; NCEP-ATP III