title: Novel fungal FAD glucose dehydrogenase derived from Aspergillus niger for glucose enzyme sensor strips.
abstract: In this study, a novel fungus FAD dependent glucose dehydrogenase, derived from Aspergillus niger (AnGDH), was characterized. This enzyme's potential for the use as the enzyme for blood glucose monitor enzyme sensor strips was evaluated, especially by investigating the effect of the presence of xylose during glucose measurements. The substrate specificity of AnGDH towards glucose was investigated, and only xylose was found as a competing substrate. The specific catalytic efficiency for xylose compared to glucose was 1.8%. The specific activity of AnGDH for xylose at 5mM concentration compared to glucose was 3.5%. No other sugars were used as substrate by this enzyme. The superior substrate specificity of AnGDH was also demonstrated in the performance of enzyme sensor strips. The impact of spiking xylose in a sample with physiological glucose concentrations on the sensor signals was investigated, and it was found that enzyme sensor strips using AnGDH were not affected at all by 5mM (75mg/dL) xylose. This is the first report of an enzyme sensor strip using a fungus derived FADGDH, which did not show any positive bias at a therapeutic level xylose concentration on the signal for a glucose sample. This clearly indicates the superiority of AnGDH over other conventionally used fungi derived FADGDHs in the application for SMBG sensor strips. The negligible activity of AnGDH towards xylose was also explained on the basis of a 3D structural model, which was compared to the 3D structures of A. flavus derived FADGDH and of two glucose oxidases.
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumi-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8538, Japan; Ultizyme International Ltd., 1-13-16, Minami, Meguro, Tokyo 152-0013, Japan. Electronic address: sode@cc.tuat.ac.jp.
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Sode
authors: Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumi-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8538, Japan.
authors: Noya
authors: N
authors: Loew
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors: Yosuke
authors: Y
authors: Ohnishi
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors: Hayato
authors: H
authors: Tsuruta
authors: Ultizyme International Ltd., 1-13-16, Minami, Meguro, Tokyo 152-0013, Japan.
authors: Kazushige
authors: K
authors: Mori
authors: Ultizyme International Ltd., 1-13-16, Minami, Meguro, Tokyo 152-0013, Japan.
authors: Katsuhiro
authors: K
authors: Kojima
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumi-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8538, Japan.
authors: Wakako
authors: W
authors: Tsugawa
authors: School of Biological and Health System Engineering, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287-9709, USA.
authors: Jeffrey T
authors: JT
authors: LaBelle
authors: Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumi-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8538, Japan; Diabetes Research Institute, Mills-Peninsula Health Services, 100 South San Mateo Drive, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Klonoff
mesh_terms: D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005948:Glucose Dehydrogenases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014994:Xylose / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D014994:Xylose; D005948:Glucose Dehydrogenases; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus niger; BG Monitor; FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase; Glucose specificity; Xylose