title: Dopant-Free Donor (D)-π-D-π-D Conjugated Hole-Transport Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.
abstract: Three novel hole-transporting materials (HTMs) using the 4-methoxytriphenylamine (MeOTPA) core were designed and synthesized. The energy levels of the HTMs were tuned to match the perovskite energy levels by introducing symmetrical electron-donating groups linked with olefinic bonds as the π bridge. The methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) perovskite solar cells based on the new HTM Z34 (see main text for structure) exhibited a remarkable overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.1 % without any dopants or additives, which is comparable to 16.7 % obtained by a p-doped 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD)-based device fabricated under the same conditions. Importantly, the devices based on the three new HTMs show relatively improved stability compared to devices based on spiro-OMeTAD when aged under ambient air containing 30 % relative humidity in the dark.
authors: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.|Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, Tianjin, China.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, 273165, Qufu, China.
authors: Xicheng
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Chenyi
authors: C
authors: Yi
authors: Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Dongqin
authors: D
authors: Bi
authors: Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Jingshan
authors: J
authors: Luo
authors: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China. wangshirong@tju.edu.cn.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, Tianjin, China. wangshirong@tju.edu.cn.
authors: Shirong
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China. lixianggao@tju.edu.cn.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, Tianjin, China. lixianggao@tju.edu.cn.
authors: Xianggao
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, Tianjin, China.
authors: Yin
authors: Y
authors: Xiao
authors: Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. shaik.zakeer@epfl.ch.
authors: Shaik Mohammed
authors: SM
authors: Zakeeruddin
authors: Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. michael.graetzel@epfl.ch.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Grätzel
mesh_terms: D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D004355:Drug Stability; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004583:Electrons; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D012993:Solar Energy; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D010087:Oxides; C059910:perovskite; D014025:Titanium
keywords: dopant-free; hole-transport material; perovskite; solar cells; stability