title: Review of Advances in Uroprotective Agents for Cyclophosphamide- and Ifosfamide-induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis.
abstract: Cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide are widely used drugs for malignancies and rheumatologic conditions. One of the most significant adverse reactions to these drugs is hemorrhagic cystitis. Mesna is the most widely used uroprotective agent that acts to neutralize the caustic metabolite, acrolein, responsible for induction of hemorrhagic cystitis. However, mesna is not a perfect alternative, and studies since its discovery have investigated the use of alternative drugs and adjuncts to increase mesna's efficacy. This review details some of the recent work into novel uroprotective agents for drug-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
authors: School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC. Electronic address: ematz@gwu.edu.
authors: Ethan L
authors: EL
authors: Matz
authors: Clinic for Adolescent and Adult PedIatric OnseT UroLogy (CAPITUL), Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC; George Washington University, Washington, DC.
authors: Michael H
authors: MH
authors: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003556:Cystitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015080:Mesna / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D020011:Protective Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D015080:Mesna; D007069:Ifosfamide