title: Cytochrome P450 complement (CYPome) of Candida oregonensis, a gut-associated yeast of bark beetle, Dendroctonus rhizophagus.
abstract: Bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and associated microorganisms must overcome a complex tree's defence system, which includes toxic monoterpenes, to successfully complete their life cycle. A number of studies have suggested these microorganisms could have ecological roles related with the nutrition, detoxification, and semiochemical production. In particular, in filamentous fungi symbionts, cytochrome P450 (CYP) have been involved with terpenoid detoxification and biotransformation processes. Candida oregonensis has been isolated from the gut, ovaries, and frass of different bark beetle species, and it is a dominant species in the Dendroctonus rhizophagus gut. In this study, we identify, characterise, and infer the phylogenetic relationships of C. oregonensis CYP genes. The results indicate that the cytochrome P450 complement (CYPome) is composed of nine genes (CYP51F1, CYP61A1, CYP56D1, CYP52A59, CYP52A60, CYP52A61, CYP52A62, CYP5217A8, and CYP5217B1), which might participate in primary metabolic reactions such as sterol biosynthesis, biodegradation of xenobiotic, and resistance to environmental stress. The prediction of the cellular location suggests that these CYPs to be anchored to the plasma membrane, membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. These findings lay the foundation for future studies about the functional role of P450s, not only for yeasts, but also for the insects with which they interact.
authors: Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Sto. Tomás, México D.F. CP 11340, Mexico.
authors: Fabiola
authors: F
authors: Hernández-Martínez
authors: Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Sto. Tomás, México D.F. CP 11340, Mexico.
authors: Carlos Iván
authors: CI
authors: Briones-Roblero
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Ave. Suite G01, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Nelson
authors: Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Sto. Tomás, México D.F. CP 11340, Mexico.
authors: Flor Nohemí
authors: FN
authors: Rivera-Orduña
authors: Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Sto. Tomás, México D.F. CP 11340, Mexico. Electronic address: capotezu@hotmail.com.
authors: Gerardo
authors: G
authors: Zúñiga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000201:enzymology; D010802:Phylogeny; D017385:Sequence Homology; D048889:Weevils / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: CYP gen; Monooxygenases; Scolytinae; Yeast symbionts