title: Successful acute lymphoblastic leukemia-type therapy in two children with mixed-phenotype acute leukemia.
abstract: Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a rare type of leukemia expressing both myeloid and lymphoid markers. There is limited information, especially on pediatric cases. Therefore, the optimal therapeutic approach to pediatric MPAL has not been defined. Here, we report two pediatric cases of MPAL. According to the 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification and European Group for the Immunological Characterization of Leukemias (EGIL) criteria, patient 1 was diagnosed with overt MPAL positive for the myeloid marker myeloperoxidase (MPO), and B-lymphoid markers. Patient 2 was diagnosed with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) using EGIL criteria. According to the 2008 WHO classification, however, patient 2 was diagnosed with overt MPAL positive for CD3, T-lymphoid markers and MPO. We chose an ALL-type therapy consisting of both lymphoid- and myeloid-directed agents; these patients have maintained complete remission following treatment. Further information on pediatric MPAL is needed to establish an appropriate therapeutic strategy including stem cell transplantation for this rare condition.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan. kotsubo@tokai-u.jp.
authors: Keisuke
authors: K
authors: Otsubo
authors: Department of Cell Transplantation Regeneration, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
authors: Miharu
authors: M
authors: Yabe
authors: Department of Cell Transplantation Regeneration, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
authors: Hiromasa
authors: H
authors: Yabe
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Fukumura
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Morimoto
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
authors: Masahiko
authors: M
authors: Kato
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Mochizuki
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001706:Biopsy; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: 2008 World Health Organization classification; acute lymphoblastic leukemia-type therapy; acute myeloblastic leukemia-type therapy; mixed phenotype