title: Research review on the pharmacological effects of astragaloside IV.
abstract: Astragalus membranaceus Bunge has been used to treat numerous diseases for thousands of years. As the main active substance of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge, astragaloside IV (AS-IV) also demonstrates the potent protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, liver fibrosis, and diabetic nephropathy. Based on studies published during the past several decades, the current state of AS-IV research and the pharmacological effects are detailed, elucidated, and summarized. This review systematically summarizes the pharmacological effects, metabolism mechanism, and the toxicity of AS-IV. AS-IV has multiple pharmacologic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidative stress, anti-asthma, antidiabetes, immunoregulation, and cardioprotective effect via numerous signaling pathways. According to the existing studies and clinical practices, AS-IV possesses potential for broad application in many diseases.
authors: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiaojiao
authors: X
authors: Hou
authors: Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors: Rongfang
authors: R
authors: Xu
authors: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China.
authors: Chang
authors: C
authors: Liu
authors: Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors: Menbayaer
authors: M
authors: Tu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D027885:Astragalus propinquus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D012503:Saponins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D020011:Protective Agents; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; C052064:astragaloside A
keywords: astragaloside IV; metabolism; pharmacological effect; toxicity