title: A partial nuclear genome of the Jomons who lived 3000 years ago in Fukushima, Japan.
abstract: The Jomon period of the Japanese Archipelago, characterized by cord-marked 'jomon' potteries, has yielded abundant human skeletal remains. However, the genetic origins of the Jomon people and their relationships with modern populations have not been clarified. We determined a total of 115 million base pair nuclear genome sequences from two Jomon individuals (male and female each) from the Sanganji Shell Mound (dated 3000 years before present) with the Jomon-characteristic mitochondrial DNA haplogroup N9b, and compared these nuclear genome sequences with those of worldwide populations. We found that the Jomon population lineage is best considered to have diverged before diversification of present-day East Eurasian populations, with no evidence of gene flow events between the Jomon and other continental populations. This suggests that the Sanganji Jomon people descended from an early phase of population dispersals in East Asia. We also estimated that the modern mainland Japanese inherited <20% of Jomon peoples' genomes. Our findings, based on the first analysis of Jomon nuclear genome sequence data, firmly demonstrate that the modern mainland Japanese resulted from genetic admixture of the indigenous Jomon people and later migrants.
authors: Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Japan.|Division of Population Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Kanzawa-Kiriyama
authors: Department of Molecular Life Science, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan.
authors: Kirill
authors: K
authors: Kryukov
authors: Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Japan.|Division of Population Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
authors: Timothy A
authors: TA
authors: Jinam
authors: Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Japan.|Division of Human Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
authors: Kazuyoshi
authors: K
authors: Hosomichi
authors: The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.|Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Aiko
authors: A
authors: Saso
authors: The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.|Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Gen
authors: G
authors: Suwa
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Shintaroh
authors: S
authors: Ueda
authors: The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Yoneda
authors: Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Tajima
authors: Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors: Ken-Ichi
authors: KI
authors: Shinoda
authors: Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Japan.|Division of Human Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
authors: Ituro
authors: I
authors: Inoue
authors: Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Japan.|Division of Population Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.|Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Naruya
authors: N
authors: Saitou
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005828:Genetics, Population; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial