title: Developmental toxicity and oxidative stress induced by gamma irradiation in zebrafish embryos.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the biological effects of gamma irradiation on zebrafish embryos. Different doses of gamma rays (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy) were used to irradiate zebrafish embryos at three developmental stages (stage 1, 6 h post-fertilization (hpf); stage 2, 12 hpf; stage three, 24 hpf), respectively. The survival, malformation and hatching rates of the zebrafish embryos were measured at the morphological endpoint of 96 hpf. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were assayed. Morphology analysis showed that gamma irradiation inhibited hatching and induced developmental toxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, after irradiation the malformation rate changed not only in a dose-dependent manner but also in a developmental stage-dependent manner, indicating that the zebrafish embryos at stage 1 were more sensitive to gamma rays than those at other stages. Biochemical analysis showed that gamma irradiation modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. A linear relationship was found between GPx activity and irradiation dose in 0.1-1 Gy group, and GPx was a suitable biomarker for gamma irradiation in the dose range from 0.1 to 1 Gy. Furthermore, the activities of SOD, CAT, GR and GPx of the zebrafish embryos at stage 3 were found to be much higher than those at other stages, indicating that the zebrafish embryos at stage 3 had a greater ability to protect against gamma rays than those at other stages, and thus the activities of antioxidant enzymes changed in a developmental stage-dependent manner.
authors: Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
authors: Miao
authors: M
authors: Hu
authors: Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
authors: Nan
authors: N
authors: Hu
authors: Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China. dingdxzzz@163.com.
authors: Dexin
authors: D
authors: Ding
authors: Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
authors: Weichao
authors: W
authors: Zhao
authors: Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
authors: Yongfu
authors: Y
authors: Feng
authors: Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
authors: Guangyue
authors: G
authors: Li
authors: Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
authors: Yongdong
authors: Y
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: Biomarker; Developmental toxicity; Gamma irradiation; Oxidative stress; Zebrafish embryo