title: Osteoporosis in Lung Transplantation Candidates: Association With 6-minute Walking Test and Body Mass Index.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoporosis is a well-recognized complication in lung transplantation because of steroid use and immobilization. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and risk factors associated with osteoporosis in lung transplantation candidates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The bone mineral density of 174 patients with various end-stage lung diseases was assessed at the pretransplantation period. Osteoporosis risk factors were analyzed with the consideration to principal diagnosis, demographic, and clinical parameters of lung disease, lung function tests and mobility test (6-minute walking test). A multivariate analysis was conducted to determine various demographic and clinical risk factors associated with bone mass loss in the pretransplant period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was 46% and 35%, respectively, in the study population. Osteoporotic patients have lower body mass index and lower 6-minute walking distance than patients without osteoporosis. In addition, they have higher pulmonary artery pressure and history of noninvasive mechanical ventilation than in patients without osteoporosis. There was a significant negative correlation between the 6-minute walking test, body mass index, and the presence of osteoporosis in the study population. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that 6-minute walking test (odds ratio, 0.996) and body mass index (odds ratio, 0.847) were significantly and negatively correlated with the presence of osteoporosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant proportion of patients with end-stage lung diseases have osteopenia or osteoporosis pretransplantation. This is the first study to demonstrate that 6-minute walking distance and bone mineral density independently predict osteoporosis in lung transplant candidates.
authors: Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Training Hospital, Lung Transplantation Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: drmkalamanoglu@gmail.com.
authors: M K
authors: MK
authors: Balci
authors: Kartal Training Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Ari
authors: Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Training Hospital, Lung Transplantation Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Vayvada
authors: Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Salturk
authors: Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Pendik, Turkey.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Asicioglu
authors: Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Training Hospital, Lung Transplantation Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Yeginsu
authors: Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Training Hospital, Lung Transplantation Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Kutlu
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D016138:Walking