title: Microstructural changes of the whole brain in patients with comitant strabismus: evidence from a diffusion tensor imaging study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) using a diffusion tensor imaging technique and whole-brain voxel-based analysis in patients with comitant strabismus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 19 (nine males and ten females) patients with comitant strabismus and 19 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent magnetic resonance imaging examination. Imaging data were analyzed using two-sample t-tests to identify group differences in FA and MD values. Patients with comitant strabismus were distinguishable from HCs by receiver operating characteristic curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with HCs, patients with comitant strabismus exhibited significantly decreased FA values in the brain regions of the left superior temporal gyrus and increased values in the bilateral medial frontal gyrus, right globus pallidus/brainstem, and bilateral precuneus. Meanwhile, MD value was significantly reduced in the brain regions of the bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe and left middle frontal gyrus but increased in the brain regions of the right middle frontal gyrus and left anterior cingulate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest significant brain abnormalities in comitant strabismus, which may underlie the pathologic mechanisms of fusion defects and ocular motility disorders in patients with comitant strabismus.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang; Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hai-Jun
authors: HJ
authors: Li
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: De-Chang
authors: DC
authors: Peng
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang.
authors: Pei-Hong
authors: PH
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang.
authors: Yu-Lin
authors: YL
authors: Zhong
authors: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Fu-Qing
authors: FQ
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Shao
keywords: comitant strabismus; diffusion tensor imaging; fractional anisotropy; mean diffusivity; resting state