title: Beta 1,3/1,6-glucan and vitamin C immunostimulate the non-specific immune response of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).
abstract: This study mainly evaluated the effects of orally administered beta 1,3/1,6-glucan and vitamin C on the nonspecific immune responses of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). In this study, we found that the white shrimp oral administration with 1 g/kg of beta 1,3/1,6-glucan effectively enhanced O2(-) production and phenoloxidase and superoxide dismutase activity. Shrimp were oral administration with 0.2 g/kg of vitamin C presented beneficial nonspecific immune responses and enzyme activity and also observed in the beta 1,3/1,6-glucan treatment groups. Consequently, we compared the alterations in the immune activity between the beta 1,3/1,6-glucan and vitamin C groups and the evidence illustrated that combination of beta 1,3/1,6-glucan and vitamin C presented an additive effect on inducing the nonspecific immune responses of white shrimp.
authors: Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan.
authors: Yu-Sheng
authors: YS
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan.
authors: Shu-Yu
authors: SY
authors: Liau
authors: Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan.
authors: Cheng-Ting
authors: CT
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan. Electronic address: fhnan@mail.ntou.edu.tw.
authors: Fan-Hua
authors: FH
authors: Nan
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005936:Glucans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D005936:Glucans; C033671:epiglucan; D013481:Superoxides; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Additive effect; Beta 1,3/1,6-glucan; Crustaceans; Nonspecific immune response; Vitamin C