title: Intramuscular Transplantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Equine Umbilical Cord.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have great therapeutic potential, particularly in the process of tissue repair and immunomodulation through the secretion of biomolecules. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that intramuscular transplantation of allogeneic MSCs obtained from equine umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) is safe, demonstrating that this is a suitable source of stem cells for therapeutic use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For this, UC-MSCs were cultured, characterized and cryopreserved for future transplantation in six healthy mares. On day 0, transplantation of three million UC-MSCs diluted in Hank's Balanced Solution (HBSS) was performed on right and left sides of the rump muscle. As a control, HBSS injections were performed caudally in the same muscle. Muscle biopsies were obtained as a control 30 days before transplantation (D-30). The biopsies were collected again on day 2 (left side) and day 7 (right side) post transplantation and examined histologically. All procedures were preceded by ultrasound examination and blood sampling. Hematologic evaluation remained within normal limits and no differences were observed between time points (p>0.05). Ultrasound examination was suggestive of inflammation 48 hours after transplantation in both groups (control and treated). At histological evaluation it was found only discrete inflammation signals between D-30×D2 (p<0.05) in the treated group, without differences (p> 0.05) between the groups at different time points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Equine UC-MSCs under the experimental conditions did not promote severe inflammation that causes tissue damage or lead to its rejection by the host organism and therefore has a good potential for clinical use.
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Marianne Camargos
authors: MC
authors: Dias
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Fernanda da Cruz
authors: FD
authors: Landim-Alvarenga
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Carolina Nogueira
authors: CN
authors: de Moraes
authors: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Leonardo Dourado
authors: LD
authors: da Costa
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Caroline Medeiros
authors: CM
authors: Geraldini
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Vânia Maria
authors: VM
authors: de Vasconcelos Machado
authors: Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Leandro
authors: L
authors: Maia
keywords: Allogeneic; Mesenchymal stromal cells; Muscle; Transplantation; Umbilical cord