title: Exposure to and Attitudes Regarding Transgender Education Among Urology Residents.
abstract: Transgender individuals are underserved within the health care system but might increasingly seek urologic care as insurers expand coverage for medical and surgical gender transition.
  
  
  
  To evaluate urology residents' exposure to transgender patient care and their perceived importance of transgender surgical education.
  
  
  
  Urology residents from a representative sample of U.S. training programs were asked to complete a cross-sectional survey from January through March 2016.
  
  
  
  Respondents were queried regarding demographics, transgender curricular exposure (didactic vs clinical), and perceived importance of training opportunities in transgender patient care.
  
  
  
  In total, 289 urology residents completed the survey (72% response rate). Fifty-four percent of residents reported exposure to transgender patient care, with more residents from Western (74%) and North Central (72%) sections reporting exposure (P ≤ .01). Exposure occurred more frequently through direct patient interaction rather than through didactic education (psychiatric, 23% vs 7%, P < .001; medical, 17% vs 6%, P < .001; surgical, 33% vs 11%, P < .001). Female residents placed greater importance on gender-confirming surgical training than did their male colleagues (91% vs 70%, P < .001). Compared with Western section residents (88%), those from South Central (60%, P = .002), Southeastern (63%, P = .002), and Mid-Atlantic (63%, P = .003) sections less frequently viewed transgender-related surgical training as important. Most residents (77%) stated transgender-related surgical training should be offered in fellowships.
  
  
  
  Urology resident exposure to transgender patient care is regionally dependent. Perceived importance of gender-confirming surgical training varies by sex and geography. A gap exists between the direct transgender patient care urology residencies provide and the didactic transgender education they receive.
authors: Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors: Geolani W
authors: GW
authors: Dy
authors: Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: nathanos@uw.edu.
authors: Nathan C
authors: NC
authors: Osbun
authors: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors: Shane D
authors: SD
authors: Morrison
authors: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Grant
authors: Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Pediatric Urology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors: Paul A
authors: PA
authors: Merguerian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D063106:Transgender Persons; D014189:Transsexualism; D014572:Urology / Q000193:education
keywords: Curriculum; Medical Education; Residency; Transgender Persons