title: Determination of chemical changes in heat-treated wood using ATR-FTIR and FT Raman spectrometry.
abstract: In this study, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and Fourier-transform Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy techniques were used to determine changes in the chemical structure of heat-treated woods. For this purpose, scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.), and oriental spruce (Picea orientalis L.) wood species were heat-treated at different temperatures. The effect of chemical changes on the FT-Raman and ATR-FTIR bands or ratios of heat-treated wood was related with the OH association of cellulose, functional groups, and the aromatic system of lignin. The effects of heat treatment on the carbohydrate and lignin peaks varied depending on the wood species. The spectral changes that occurred after heat treatment reflected the progress of the condensation reaction of lignin. Degradation of hemicelluloses led to a decrease in free hydroxyl groups. High temperature caused crystalline cellulose to increase due to the degradation of amorphous cellulose.
authors: Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address: oozgenc@ktu.edu.tr.
authors: Özlem
authors: Ö
authors: Özgenç
authors: Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address: sdurmaz@ktu.edu.tr.
authors: Sefa
authors: S
authors: Durmaz
authors: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus, TR-06532 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ihb@hacettepe.edu.tr.
authors: Ismail Hakki
authors: IH
authors: Boyaci
authors: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus, TR-06532 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: hsleksi@gmail.com.
authors: Haslet
authors: H
authors: Eksi-Kocak
mesh_terms: D029964:Fagus / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D028222:Picea / Q000737:chemistry; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
keywords: ATR-FTIR spectroscopy; FT-Raman spectroscopy; Heat treatment; Wood protection; Wood species