title: Opportunities and challenges in modeling human brain disorders in transgenic primates.
abstract: Molecular genetic tools have had a profound impact on neuroscience, but until recently their application has largely been confined to a few model species, most notably mouse, zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. With the development of new genome engineering technologies such as CRISPR, it is becoming increasingly feasible to apply these molecular tools in a wider range of species, including nonhuman primates. This will lead to many opportunities for brain research, but it will also pose challenges. Here we identify some of these opportunities and challenges in light of recent and foreseeable technological advances and offer some suggestions. Our main focus is on the creation of new primate disease models for understanding the pathological mechanisms of brain disorders and for developing new approaches to effective treatment. However, we also emphasize that primate genetic models have great potential to address many fundamental questions about brain function, providing an essential foundation for future progress in disease research.
authors: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Charles G
authors: CG
authors: Jennings
authors: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Rogier
authors: R
authors: Landman
authors: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Jitendra
authors: J
authors: Sharma
authors: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Hyman
authors: Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
authors: J Anthony
authors: JA
authors: Movshon
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors: Zilong
authors: 0000-0003-4286-3288
authors: Z
authors: Qiu
authors: Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors: Angela C
authors: AC
authors: Roberts
authors: Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors: Anna Wang
authors: AW
authors: Roe
authors: Laboratory of Auditory Neurophysiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Xiaoqin
authors: 0000-0002-3999-0772
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI) for Collaboration Research of SIAT at CAS and McGovern Institute at MIT, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, China.
authors: Huihui
authors: H
authors: Zhou
authors: Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI) for Collaboration Research of SIAT at CAS and McGovern Institute at MIT, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, China.
authors: Liping
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Desimone
authors: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Guoping
authors: G
authors: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011323:Primates / Q000235:genetics*