title: Microcomputed tomography evaluation of white spot lesion remineralization with various procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to use microcomputed tomography to evaluate the effects on white spot lesions of 3 remineralizing agents compared with artificial saliva (Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey). The agents were GC Tooth Mousse (GC International, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan), 50-ppm sodium fluoride solution (Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey), and Clinpro 5000 (3M ESPE Dental Products (St Paul, Minn). The experimental and control teeth were stored in artificial saliva.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four extracted premolars were divided into 4 groups of 11 teeth each (3 experimental groups and 1 control group). After white spot lesions were created on the teeth, a remineralizing agent was applied. Microcomputed tomography scanning was performed at the following times: T0 (sound enamel), T1 (day 0, when the white spot lesion was formed), T2 (day 15), and T3 (day 30). Volume, depth, surface area, and mineral density changes of the white spot lesions were evaluated at different time points using CTAn software (SkyScan; Bruker, Kontich, Belgium).
  
  
  RESULTS
  GC Tooth Mousse and Clinpro 5000 improved all measurements after 30 days. However, Clinpro 5000 was not as effective in reducing lesion depth as it was in the other parameters. The artificial saliva group and the 50-ppm sodium fluoride solution did not show significant effects in the regression of the white spot lesions at the end of the 30-day experiment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GC Tooth Mousse and Clinpro 5000 were more effective in remineralization of white spot lesions than sodium fluoride solution and artificial saliva. They can be preferred for use clinically. Microcomputed tomography is a novel and effective method that shows promise in accurately evaluating white spot lesions and remineralization.
authors: Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey. Electronic address: burakkucuk_@hotmail.com.
authors: Eyup Burak
authors: EB
authors: Kucuk
authors: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors: Siddik
authors: S
authors: Malkoc
authors: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.
authors: Abdullah
authors: A
authors: Demir
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002364:Caseins; D002648:Child; D003188:Composite Resins; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D014089:Tooth Remineralization; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; C500418:Clinpro Sealant; D003188:Composite Resins; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; C023807:sodium fluoride topical preparation; D012969:Sodium Fluoride