title: Serial changes and prognostic implications of CT findings in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: comparison with fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonias alone.
abstract: Background Although fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) alone and those combined with pulmonary emphysema are naturally progressive diseases, the process of deterioration and outcomes are variable. Purpose To evaluate and compare serial changes of computed tomography (CT) abnormalities and prognostic predictive factors in fibrotic IIPs alone and those combined with pulmonary emphysema. Material and Methods A total of 148 patients with fibrotic IIPs alone (82 patients) and those combined with pulmonary emphysema (66 patients) were enrolled. Semi-quantitative CT analysis was used to assess the extents of CT characteristics which were evaluated on initial and follow-up CT images. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the effects of clinical and CT variables on survival. Results Significant differences were noted between fibrotic scores, as determined using initial CT scans, in the fibrotic IIPs alone (21.22 ± 9.83) and those combined with pulmonary emphysema groups (14.70 ± 7.28) ( P < 0.001). At follow-up CT scans, changes in the extent of ground glass opacities (GGO) were greater ( P = 0.031) and lung cancer was more prevalent ( P = 0.001) in the fibrotic IIPs combined with pulmonary emphysema group. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed changes in the extent of GGO (hazard ratio, 1.056) and the presence of lung cancer (hazard ratio, 4.631) were predictive factors of poor survivals. Conclusion Although patients with fibrotic IIPs alone and those combined with pulmonary emphysema have similar mortalities, lung cancer was more prevalent in patients with fibrotic IIPs combined with pulmonary emphysema. Furthermore, changes in the extent of GGO and the presence of lung cancer were independent prognostic factors of poor survivals.
authors: 1 Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.|2 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors: Geewon
authors: G
authors: Lee
authors: 2 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.|3 Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ki Uk
authors: KU
authors: Kim
authors: 1 Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.|2 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ji Won
authors: JW
authors: Lee
authors: 4 Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Young Ju
authors: YJ
authors: Suh
authors: 1 Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.|2 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yeon Joo
authors: YJ
authors: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054988:Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D054990:Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Thorax; adults; high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT); lung