title: Relationship among diet habit and lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual function in outpatient-based males with LUTS/BPH: a multiregional and cross-sectional study in China.
abstract: This study assessed the effect of diet habits on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual function in Chinese men with LUTS/benign prostatic hypertrophy (LUTS/BPH).
  
  
  
  Multicentre study conducted between July 2013 and December 2013 in 11 hospitals in 3 geographic regions in China.
  
  
  
  Overall, participants with LUTS/BPH accounted for 61.4% (2584/4208) of the respondents, whose data were processed in the following statistical analysis.
  
  
  
  LUTS and sexual function were assessed based on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) score. Prostate volume (PV) was determined by ultrasound.
  
  
  
  A total of 4208 participants met the inclusion criteria. The average age of the whole participants was 65.8±7.7 years. Overall, participants with LUTS/BPH accounted for 61.4% (2584/4208) of the respondents, whose data were processed in the following statistical analysis. Generally, prostate enlargement was greatest in south China. LUTS and male sexual dysfunction (MSD) were most severe in northwest China. Based on multivariable analysis, PV enlarged as the age (p<0.001), body mass index (BMI; p<0.001) and vegetable intake (p<0.001) increased. Age (p<0.001) and BMI (p<0.05) independently increased the IPSS. A higher level of education (p<0.001) and more frequent meat, fish and egg intake (p<0.05) decreased the IPSS. Age (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), low education level (p<0.05), vegetable intake (p=0.001), and milk and dairy product intake (p=0.001) decreased the IIEF-5 score.
  
  
  
  In addition to factors including age, obesity and level of education, dietary habits and geographic difference might also play an important role in the variation of PV, LUTS and MSD for Chinese men with LUTS/BPH.
authors: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China.
authors: Yuke
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Yu
authors: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China.
authors: Liqun
authors: L
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China.
authors: Shiliang
authors: S
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Jianye
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Ye
authors: Y
authors: Tian
authors: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors: Dalin
authors: D
authors: He
authors: Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiaofeng
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors: Hanzhong
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Department of Urology, Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors: Lulin
authors: L
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Urology and Central Research Laboratory, Shandong University Second Hospital, Jinan, China.
authors: Shengtian
authors: S
authors: Zhao
authors: Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors: Xunbo
authors: X
authors: Jin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004522:Educational Status; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010045:Outpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: China; diet habit; lower urinary tract symptoms; prostate volume; sexual function