title: Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical characterization of Myrothamnus flabellifolia Welw.
abstract: The upper aerial parts and leaf tips of Myrothamnus flabellifolia Welw. (Myrothamnaceae), a resurrection plant indigenous to southern Africa, are used in African traditional medicine for infections of the respiratory and urinary system as well as for inflammation of mucosa and skin. Within a phytochemical investigation of the herbal material from M. flabellifolia the flavonoid fraction was shown to contain quercetin 10 as well as the respective 3-O-β-d-galactosides, glucosides, -glucuronides and 3-O-α-l-rhamnosides of quercetin (6, 7, 8, 26) and kaempferol (1, 2, 3, 9). Additionally mono-galloylated 12, 13, di-galloylated 15 and tri-galloylated 16 flavonol glycosides were identified. 3,4,5-Tri-O-galloyl- 14 and 1,3,4,5-tetra-O-galloyl quinic acid 28 were isolated and characterized, beside arbutin 27 and 2″,3″-di-O-galloyl-arbutin 11. Furthermore, the depside 2-O-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenylacetic acid 5, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose 22 and seven ellagitannins were found: 1,2-di-O-galloyl-(4,6-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl)-β-d-glucose 20, 1,3-di-O-galloyl-(4,6-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl)-β-d-glucose 21, 2,3-di-O-galloyl-(4,6-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl)-β-d-glucose (tellimagrandin-I) 19, 1,2,3-tri-O-galloyl-(4,6-O-hexahydroxydiphenoyl)-β-d-glucose (tellimagrandin-II) 23, and two so far not described dimers of tellimagrandin-I and -II (myrodigamin-I and -II, 24, 25). The presence of trehalose (3.3%), raffinose (0.2%) and stachiose (0.2%) beside a fructan (2.1%) was determined. Two ICH2-validated UHPLC methods have been developed and used within batch analysis for unambiguous identification of the herbal material and quantification of the major compounds myrodigamin-I (0.9 to 1.7%), tellimagrandin-II (0.3 to, 0.9%) and 3,4,5-tri-O-galloyl quinic acid (0.1 to 0.7%), besides kaempferol (0.1 to 0.3%) and quercetin content (0.2 to 0.3%) after hydrolysis of the respective glycosides.
authors: University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Engelhardt
authors: University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Petereit
authors: University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Lechtenberg
authors: University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors: Ursula
authors: U
authors: Liefländer-Wulf
authors: University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany. Electronic address: ahensel@uni-muenster.de.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Hensel
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D006027:Glycosides; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Arbutin; Ellagitannins; Flavonoids; Myrothamnaceae; Myrothamnus flabellifolia Welw.; Quinic acid; Tannins; Tellimagrandin-II