title: Receiving family physician's advice and the 'stages of change' in smoking cessation among Arab minority men in Israel.
abstract: Receiving physician advice (PA) can increase patient's willingness to quit smoking and influence the 'stages of change' in quitting. However, less is known about this association among minority groups for whom cessation is more challenging.
  
  
  
  We examined whether receiving advice on smoking cessation from a family physician is associated with the 'stages of change' in quitting smoking-i.e. pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation or action-among Arab minority men in Israel with high smoking prevalence.
  
  
  
  In 2011-12, a stratified random sample of 964 Arab men current and past smokers, aged 18-64, were interviewed face-to-face. We used ordered logistic regression models to examine the association between PA and stages of quitting smoking, adjusted for socioeconomic status, health status, sociodemographics, Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) and smoking-related variables.
  
  
  
  About 40% of Arab men reported ever receiving PA to quit smoking. Participants with chronic disease(s) and higher nicotine dependence were more likely to receive PA. PA was significantly associated with the stages of change, but not with actual quitting. In multivariable analysis, receiving PA was associated with a greater likelihood of being at the contemplation or preparation stages of cessation, compared to pre-contemplation; odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were 1.95 (95% CI = 1.34-2.85) and 1.14 (95% CI = 1.09-2.076), respectively.
  
  
  
  Receiving PA among minority men is associated with advanced motivational stages of change in quitting smoking, but not with actual smoking cessation. Culturally, sensitive interventions and involvement of other health care providers may be considered for more comprehensive smoking cessation, in addition to PA.
authors: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel, daoud@bgu.ac.il.
authors: Nihaya
authors: N
authors: Daoud
authors: School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
authors: Samah
authors: S
authors: Hayek
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Division of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.|Clalit Health Services, South district, Beer Sheva, Israel.
authors: Aya
authors: A
authors: Biderman
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Division of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.|Clalit Health Services, South district, Beer Sheva, Israel.
authors: Abdallah
authors: A
authors: Mashal
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Division of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
authors: Yeal
authors: Y
authors: Bar-Zeev
authors: Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Gertner Institute of Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Tel-Hashomer, Israel and.|Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
authors: Ofra
authors: O
authors: Kalter-Leibovici
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D018912:Arabs / Q000523:psychology*; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology; D037001:Directive Counseling; D004522:Educational Status; D005194:Family Practice; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Family physician; minority men; physician advice; primary care clinics; smoking cessation; stages of change.