title: Comparison of Vitamin D Levels in Patients with and without Acne: A Case-Control Study Combined with a Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system, and its deficiency has been implicated in various skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Acne is a common inflammatory skin disease; however, the association with vitamin D remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated vitamin D levels in patients with acne to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 80 patients with acne and 80 healthy controls. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured, and demographic data were collected. Vitamin D-deficient patients were treated with oral cholecalciferol at 1000 IU/day for 2 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Deficiency in 25(OH)D was detected in 48.8% of patients with acne, but in only 22.5% of the healthy controls. The level of 25(OH)D was inversely associated with the severity of acne, and there was a significant negative correlation with inflammatory lesions. In a subsequent trial, improvement in inflammatory lesions was noted after supplementation with vitamin D in 39 acne patients with 25(OH)D deficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Limitations of the study include the small number of patients in the supplementation study and the natural fluctuation of acne.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin D deficiency was more frequent in patients with acne, and serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely correlated with acne severity, especially in patients with inflammatory lesions.
authors: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Seul-Ki
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9907-0628
authors: SK
authors: Lim
authors: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Jeong-Min
authors: JM
authors: Ha
authors: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Young-Ho
authors: YH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Young
authors: Y
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Young-Joon
authors: YJ
authors: Seo
authors: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Chang-Deok
authors: CD
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Jeung-Hoon
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Myung
authors: M
authors: Im
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D