title: Production of Conidia by the Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae Using Solid-State Fermentation.
abstract: This chapter describes the production of conidia by Metarhizium anisopliae using solid-state fermentation. Before production of conidia, procedures for strains conservation, reactivation, and propagation are essential in order to provide genetic stability of the strains. The strain is conserved in freeze-dried vials and then reactivated through insect inoculation. Rice is used as a substrate for the conidia production in two different bioreactors: plastic bags and tubular bioreactor. The CO2 production in the tubular bioreactors is measured with a respirometer; this system allows calculating indirect growth parameters as lag time (tlag) (25-35 h), maximum rate of CO2 production (rCO2 max) (0.5-0.7 mg/gdm h), specific rate of CO2 production (μ) (0.10-0.15 1/h), and final CO2 production (CO2) (100-120 mg/gdm). Conidial yield per gram of dry substrate (gdm) should be above 1 × 10(9) conidia/gdm after 10 days of incubation. Germination and viability of conidia obtained after 10 days of incubation should be above 80 % and 75 %, respectively. Bioassays using of Tenebrio molitor as a host insect should yield a final mortality above 80 %.
authors: Departamento de Biotecnología Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No186, Col. Vicentina, C.P. 09340, Mexico.
authors: Octavio
authors: O
authors: Loera-Corral
authors: Departamento de Biotecnología Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No186, Col. Vicentina, C.P. 09340, Mexico.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Porcayo-Loza
authors: Centro Nacional de Referencia de Control Biológico, Tecomán, Colima, Mexico.
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Montesinos-Matias
authors: Departamento de Biotecnología Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No186, Col. Vicentina, C.P. 09340, Mexico. favela@xanum.uam.mx.
authors: Ernesto
authors: E
authors: Favela-Torres
mesh_terms: D061046:Biological Control Agents; D019149:Bioreactors; D003470:Culture Media; D005285:Fermentation; D052981:Metarhizium / Q000254:growth & development*; D013172:Spores, Fungal
chemical_list: D061046:Biological Control Agents; D003470:Culture Media
keywords: Biological control; Entomopathogenic fungi; Metarhizium anisopliae; Solid-state fermentation; Tenebrio molitor