title: Altered carbon turnover processes and microbiomes in soils under long-term extremely high CO2 exposure.
abstract: There is only limited understanding of the impact of high p(CO2) on soil biomes. We have studied a floodplain wetland where long-term emanations of temperate volcanic CO2 (mofettes) are associated with accumulation of carbon from the Earth's mantle. With an integrated approach using isotope geochemistry, soil activity measurements and multi-omics analyses, we demonstrate that high (nearly pure) CO2 concentrations have strongly affected pathways of carbon production and decomposition and therefore carbon turnover. In particular, a promotion of dark CO2 fixation significantly increased the input of geogenic carbon in the mofette when compared to a reference wetland soil exposed to normal levels of CO2. Radiocarbon analysis revealed that high quantities of mofette soil carbon originated from the assimilation of geogenic CO2 (up to 67%) via plant primary production and subsurface CO2 fixation. However, the preservation and accumulation of almost undegraded organic material appeared to be facilitated by the permanent exclusion of meso- to macroscopic eukaryotes and associated physical and/or ecological traits rather than an impaired biochemical potential for soil organic matter decomposition. Our study shows how CO2-induced changes in diversity and functions of the soil community can foster an unusual biogeochemical profile.
authors: Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
authors: Felix
authors: F
authors: Beulig
authors: Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.|Bacterial Physiology, Institute for Microbiology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahnstr. 15, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Urich
authors: Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, POB 100164 10, 07701 Jena, Germany.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Nowak
authors: Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, POB 100164 10, 07701 Jena, Germany.
authors: Susan E
authors: SE
authors: Trumbore
authors: Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, POB 100164 10, 07701 Jena, Germany.
authors: Gerd
authors: G
authors: Gleixner
authors: Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
authors: Gregor D
authors: GD
authors: Gilfillan
authors: Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
authors: Kristine E
authors: KE
authors: Fjelland
authors: Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany.|German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors: Kirsten
authors: K
authors: Küsel
mesh_terms: D057486:Carbon Cycle; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects*; D011387:Prokaryotic Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide