title: Swelling behaviors of porous lignin based poly (acrylic acid).
abstract: Supramolecular cross-linked porous lignin based poly (acrylic acid) [LBPAA] was lab-synthesized by copolymerizing lignin grafted N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide (LM) and acrylic acid. LBPAA successfully acted as a water retention agent with salt resistance and biodegradation for agricultural applications. Lignin was found to improve its swelling behaviors with higher water retention, fast swelling and de-swelling rates. The salt tolerance was stronger in the case of LBPAA (60 PAA/40 LM) [60 wt% PAA/40 wt% LM], i.e., 145.79 g·g(-1) higher than PAA at 0.09 mM KCl solution. The effect of ion charges on the LBPAA swelling ratio was greater than that of ionic radius. The weight loss of LBPAA (60 PAA/40 LM) was 5.47%, 4.96%, and 4.56% in the soil of Tangshan, Harbin, and Sian, respectively. The soil moisture content and clay content were observed to decrease gradually with increasing the burial time. The biodegradation test of LBPAA (60 PAA/40 LM) composite exhibited different bacterial colony forming units (CFU), the soil of Tangshan was 2.0 × 10(3) CFU·g(-1) soil, 7.0 × 10(3) CFU·g(-1) soil for Harbin, and 6.10 × 10(4) CFU·g(-1) soil for Sian. However, the organic matter contents in the soils did not have significant changes (Tangshan 6.21 mg·g(-1), Harbin 0.61 mg·g(-1), and Sian 0.405 mg·g(-1)).
authors: Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, No.26, Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Yanli
authors: Y
authors: Ma
authors: Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, No.26, Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Yajie
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Postdoctoral Research Station of Biological Station, Northeast Forestry University, No.26, Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China. Electronic address: yujie_fu@163.com.
authors: Yujie
authors: Y
authors: Fu
authors: Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, No.26, Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China.
authors: Guizhen
authors: G
authors: Fang
authors: Integrated Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
authors: Xingru
authors: X
authors: Yan
authors: Integrated Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Electronic address: zguo10@utk.edu.
authors: Zhanhu
authors: Z
authors: Guo
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D058105:Polymerization; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D011108:Polymers; D012987:Soil; D012996:Solutions; C006903:carbopol 940; D008031:Lignin
keywords: Biodegradability; Lignin based poly (acrylic acid); Porous; Salt tolerance; Swelling