title: Borrelia mayonii sp. nov., a member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, detected in patients and ticks in the upper midwestern United States.
abstract: Lyme borreliosis (LB) is a multisystem disease caused by spirochetes in the Borrelia burgdorferisensu lato (Bbsl) genospecies complex. We previously described a novel Bbsl genospecies (type strain MN14-1420T) that causes LB among patients with exposures to ticks in the upper midwestern USA. Patients infected with the novel Bbsl genospecies demonstrated higher levels of spirochetemia and somewhat differing clinical symptoms as compared with those infected with other Bbsl genospecies. The organism was detected from human specimens using PCR, microscopy, serology and culture. The taxonomic status was determined using an eight-housekeeping-gene (uvrA, rplB, recG, pyrG, pepX, clpX, clpA and nifS) multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) and comparison of 16S rRNA gene, flaB, rrf-rrl, ospC and oppA2 nucleotide sequences. Using a system threshold of 98.3 % similarity for delineation of Bbsl genospecies by MLSA, we demonstrated that the novel species is a member of the Bbsl genospecies complex, most closely related to B. burgdorferisensu stricto (94.7-94.9 % similarity). This same species was identified in Ixodes scapularis ticks collected in Minnesota and Wisconsin. This novel species, Borrelia mayonii sp. nov, is formally described here. The type strain, MN14-1420, is available through the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zelkulturen GmbH (DSM 102811) and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC BAA-2743).
authors: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Bobbi S
authors: BS
authors: Pritt
authors: Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Laurel B
authors: LB
authors: Respicio-Kingry
authors: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Lynne M
authors: LM
authors: Sloan
authors: Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Martin E
authors: ME
authors: Schriefer
authors: Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Adam J
authors: AJ
authors: Replogle
authors: Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA.
authors: Jenna
authors: J
authors: Bjork
authors: Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA.
authors: Gongping
authors: G
authors: Liu
authors: Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Luke C
authors: LC
authors: Kingry
authors: Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Paul S
authors: PS
authors: Mead
authors: Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA.
authors: David F
authors: DF
authors: Neitzel
authors: Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA.
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Schiffman
authors: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, WI, USA.
authors: Diep K
authors: DK
authors: Hoang Johnson
authors: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, WI, USA.
authors: Jeffrey P
authors: JP
authors: Davis
authors: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors: Susan M
authors: SM
authors: Paskewitz
authors: Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Boxrud
authors: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, WI, USA.
authors: Alecia
authors: A
authors: Deedon
authors: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors: Xia
authors: X
authors: Lee
authors: North Dakota Department of Health, Bismarck, ND, USA.
authors: Tracy K
authors: TK
authors: Miller
authors: North Dakota Department of Health, Bismarck, ND, USA.
authors: Michelle A
authors: MA
authors: Feist
authors: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, WI, USA.
authors: Christopher R
authors: CR
authors: Steward
authors: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Elitza S
authors: ES
authors: Theel
authors: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Robin
authors: R
authors: Patel
authors: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Cole L
authors: CL
authors: Irish
authors: Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Jeannine M
authors: JM
authors: Petersen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D015748:Borrelia burgdorferi Group / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D018884:Ixodes / Q000382:microbiology*; D008193:Lyme Disease; D015146:Midwestern United States; D008910:Minnesota; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014922:Wisconsin
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S