title: Docosahexaenoic acid triglyceride-based microemulsions with an added dendrimer - Structural considerations.
abstract: Omega fatty acids, mainly the triglyceride of docosahexaenoic acid (TG-DHA), are considered important nutraceuticals. These compounds are water-insoluble and their transport across membranes depends on their carriers. Dendrimers are known as drug carriers across cell membranes and also as permeation enhancers. The solubilization of TG-DHA and dendrimer into a microemulsion (ME) system serving as a carrier could be used for a targeted delivery in the future. The interactions between TG-DHA and second generation poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers (PPI-G2) and their effect on structural transitions of ME were explored along the water dilution line using electron paramagnetic resonance and pulsed-gradient spin-echo NMR along with other analytical techniques. The microviscosity, order parameter, and micropolarity of all studied systems decrease upon water dilution. Incorporation of TG-DHA reduces the microviscosity, order, and micropolarity, whereas PPI-G2 leads to an increase in these parameters. The effect of PPI-G2 is more pronounced at relative high contents (1 and 5wt%) where PPI-G2 interacts with the hydrophilic headgroups of the surfactants. In the macroscale, the effects of TG-DHA and PPI-G2 differ mostly in the bicontinuous region, where macroviscosity increases upon TG-DHA incorporation and decreases upon solubilization of 5wt% PPI-G2. From DSC measurements it was concluded that in the presence of TG-DHA the PPI-G2 is intercalated easily at the interface.
authors: The Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Lidich
authors: Department of Geological Sciences, Chemical and Environmental Technologies, University of Urbino, Loc. Crocicchia, Urbino 61029, Italy.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Francesca Ottaviani
authors: The Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
authors: Roy E
authors: RE
authors: Hoffman
authors: The Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
authors: Abraham
authors: A
authors: Aserin
authors: The Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel. Electronic address: garti@mail.huji.ac.il.
authors: Nissim
authors: N
authors: Garti
mesh_terms: D050091:Dendrimers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D011126:Polypropylenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013499:Surface Properties; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry*; D014783:Viscosity; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D050091:Dendrimers; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D011126:Polypropylenes; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; C443641:poly(propyleneimine); D014867:Water; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids
keywords: DSC; EPR; Micropolarity; Microviscosity; Omega-3 triglyceride; PGSE-NMR; Poly(propyleneimine) dendrimer; Solubilization