title: Oxidative stress in the trabecular meshwork (Review).
abstract: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the most important risk factor. High IOP usually occurs as a result of an increase in aqueous humor outflow resistance at the trabecular meshwork (TM). An abnormal TM contributes to the development of glaucoma. Oxidative stress and vascular damage are considered two major cellular factors that lead to alterations in the TM. In this review, we discuss the findings related to oxidative damage to the TM, including the sources of oxidative stress in the TM such as the mitochondria, peroxisomes, endoplasmic reticulum, membrane, cytosol and exogenous factors. We also discuss antioxidants and clinical studies related to protection against oxidative stress in the TM. Although many questions remain unanswered, it is becoming increasingly clear that oxidative stress-induced damage to the TM is related to glaucoma. This may inspire new studies to find better and more stable antioxidants, and better models with which to elucidate the mechanisms involved, and to determine whether in vitro findings translate into in vivo observations. The regulation of the oxidative/redox balance may be the ultimate target for protecting the TM from oxidative stress and preventing glaucoma.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China.
authors: Shuang
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Zhong
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China.
authors: Ben
authors: B
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China.
authors: Lixia
authors: L
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China.
authors: Yajuan
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014129:Trabecular Meshwork / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species