title: Use of a service evaluation and lean thinking transformation to redesign an NHS 111 refer to community Pharmacy for Emergency Repeat Medication Supply Service (PERMSS).
abstract: To demonstrate the contribution of community pharmacy from NHS 111 referrals out of hours (OOH) for emergency supply repeat medication requests via presentation of service activity, community pharmacist feedback and lean thinking transformation.
  
  
  
  Descriptive service evaluation using routine service activity data over the pilot period; survey of community pharmacists, and service redesign through lean thinking transformation.
  
  
  
  North East of England NHS 111 provider and accredited community pharmacies across the North East of England.
  
  
  
  Patients calling the North East of England NHS 111 provider during OOH with emergency repeat medication supply requests.
  
  
  
  NHS 111 referral to community pharmacies for assessment and if appropriate, supply of emergency repeat medication.
  
  
  
  Number of emergency repeat medication supply referrals, completion rates, reasons for rejections, time of request, reason for access, medication(s), pharmaceutical advice and services provided. Secondary outcomes were community pharmacist feedback and lean thinking transformation of the patient pathway.
  
  
  
  NHS 111 referred 1468 patients to 114 community pharmacies (15/12/2014-7/4/2015). Most patients presented on Saturdays, with increased activity over national holidays. Community pharmacists completed 951 (64.8%) referrals providing 2297 medications; 412 were high risk. The most common reason for rejecting referrals was no medication in stock. Community pharmacists were positive about the provision of this service. The lean thinking transformation reduced the number of non-added value steps, waits and bottlenecks in the patient pathway.
  
  
  
  NHS 111 can redirect callers OOH from urgent and emergency care services to community pharmacy for management of emergency repeat medication supply. Existing IT and community pharmacy regulations allowed patients to receive a medication supply and pharmaceutical advice. Community pharmacists supported integration into the NHS OOH services. Adopting lean thinking provided a structured framework to evaluate and redesign the service with the aim to improve effectiveness and efficiency.
authors: School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Stockton-On-Tees, UK.
authors: Hamde
authors: H
authors: Nazar
authors: School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
authors: Zachariah
authors: Z
authors: Nazar
authors: Department of Clinical Strategy, NHS England North Cumbria and the North East, Durham, UK.
authors: Jill
authors: J
authors: Simpson
authors: Newcastle City Council, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors: Andre
authors: A
authors: Yeung
authors: School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Stockton-On-Tees, UK.
authors: Cate
authors: C
authors: Whittlesea
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D016527:Drug Costs; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D004739:England; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010595:Pharmacists; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013222:State Medicine; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: community pharmacy; emergency medication supply; out of hour's services; repeat medication