title: The crucial role of emilin 1 gene expression during progression of tumor growth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study describes the effect of rapid tumor growth of patients suffering from various grades of malignant ductal breast carcinoma associated with the gene expression of ECM protein emilin 1, in correlation with the number of gene copies of emilin 1 and degradation of tumor tissue proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 examined patients participated in the experiment (controls, n = 10, grades GI-GIII, each n = 10). After isolation of total mRNA, transcription of mRNA into the cDNA was performed. Quantification of gene expression changes was detected by the real-time PCR method. Analysis at the protein level was performed via Western blot method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the detection of changes at the mRNA level, a significantly decreased level of emilin 1 in tumor tissues with grade II (about 54 ± 8 % lower than control) was identified. Protein-level analysis indicated an increased level of emilin 1 in tumors with grade I in comparison with control samples (about 10 ± 3 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obtained results demonstrated that the suppressive role of emilin 1 is related to the grade of growing breast tumors, and associated with increased hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment followed by elevated unfolding and degradation of tissue proteins.
authors: Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors: Miroslava
authors: M
authors: Rabajdova
authors: Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Urban
authors: Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors: Ivana
authors: I
authors: Spakova
authors: Department of Pathology, Saca Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors: Ladislav
authors: L
authors: Saksun
authors: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors: Rastislav
authors: R
authors: Dudic
authors: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Ostro
authors: 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Caprnda
authors: Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic. kruzliakpeter@gmail.com.|2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. kruzliakpeter@gmail.com.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Kruzliak
authors: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland.
authors: Mariusz
authors: M
authors: Adamek
authors: Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovakia. maria.marekova@upjs.sk.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Marekova
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018628:Gene Dosage; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C030340:elastin microfibril interface located protein
keywords: Breast cancer; Gene expression; Hypoxia; Metastases; Tumor microenvironment