title: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected prisoners: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: Data on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among prison inmates are limited and not previously synthesized in a systematic manner. The objective of this study was to provide accurate and up-to-date ART adherence estimates among prison inmates. We searched electronic databases for all studies reporting adherence as a primary or secondary outcome among prison inmates. A random-effects model was used to pool adherence rates; sensitivity, heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Eleven studies involving 2895 HIV-infected prison inmates were included. The studies were carried out between 1992 and 2011 and reported between 1998 and 2013. A pooled analysis of all studies indicated a pooled estimate of 54.6% (95% confidence interval 48.1-60.9%) of prison inmates had adequate (≥95%) ART adherence. The adherence estimates were significantly higher among cross-studies and studies that used self-reported measures. In summary, our findings indicate that optimal adherence remains a challenge among prison inmates. It is crucial to monitor ART adherence and develop appropriate interventions to improve adherence among these population.
authors: a Warwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Coventry , UK.|b Department of Public Health (IHCAR) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.|c Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care , Stellenbosch University , Tygerberg , South Africa.
authors: Olalekan A
authors: OA
authors: Uthman
authors: d Discipline of Public Health Medicine, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa.|e Center for Community Healthcare, Research and Development , Abuja , Nigeria.
authors: Olanrewaju
authors: O
authors: Oladimeji
authors: f Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Coventry , UK.
authors: Chidozie
authors: C
authors: Nduka
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D055118:Medication Adherence; D011329:Prisoners
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: Adherence; antiretroviral therapy; meta-analysis; prisoners