title: Swelling and hydrolysis kinetics of Kraft pulp fibers in aqueous 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate solutions.
abstract: 1Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Bmim]HSO4) is efficient at extracting cellulose nanocrystals from pulp fibers. To shed some light on the respective contributions of swelling and hydrolysis of pulp fibers by [Bmim]HSO4, the physical, structural and morphological characteristics of hardwood Kraft pulp fibers were monitored under various conditions of temperature, water content and time. Swelling was largely compounded by hydrolysis at the highest temperatures (120°C) as evidenced by mass loss and reduced degree of polymerization (DPn) at this temperature. At 120°C only, water content appeared to play a significant role on the extent of hydrolysis. At this temperature, a heterogeneous kinetic model involving weak links and amorphous regions best described the experimental data. Hydrolysis rates were maximum at 25% water content in the aqueous ionic liquid.
authors: Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, Werthmannstr. 6, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier Str. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: Jia.mao@biomat.uni-freiburg.de.
authors: Jia
authors: J
authors: Mao
authors: Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, Werthmannstr. 6, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier Str. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: Hatem.abushammala@biomat.uni-freiburg.de.
authors: Hatem
authors: H
authors: Abushammala
authors: Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, Werthmannstr. 6, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier Str. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: laura.barcellos-pereira@stud.uni-due.de.
authors: Laura Barcellos
authors: LB
authors: Pereira
authors: Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, Werthmannstr. 6, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier Str. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: marie-pierre.laborie@biomat.uni-freiburg.de.
authors: Marie-Pierre
authors: MP
authors: Laborie
keywords: 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate; Cellulose; Hydrolysis kinetics; Ionic liquids; Swelling