title: Tapping the Power of Crustacean Transcriptomics to Address Grand Challenges in Comparative Biology: An Introduction to the Symposium.
abstract: Crustaceans, and decapods in particular (i.e., crabs, shrimp, and lobsters), are a diverse and ecologically and commercially important group of organisms. Understanding responses to abiotic and biotic factors is critical for developing best practices in aquaculture and assessing the effects of changing environments on the biology of these important animals. A relatively small number of decapod crustacean species have been intensively studied at the molecular level; the availability, experimental tractability, and economic relevance factor into the selection of a particular species as a model. Transcriptomics, using high-throughput next generation sequencing (NGS, coupled with RNA sequencing or RNA-seq) is revolutionizing crustacean biology. The 11 symposium papers in this volume illustrate how RNA-seq is being used to study stress response, molting and limb regeneration, immunity and disease, reproduction and development, neurobiology, and ecology and evolution. This symposium occurred on the 10th anniversary of the symposium, "Genomic and Proteomic Approaches to Crustacean Biology", held at the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology 2006 meeting. Two participants in the 2006 symposium, the late Paul Gross and David Towle, were recognized as leaders who pioneered the use of molecular techniques that would ultimately foster the transcriptomics research reviewed in this volume. RNA-seq is a powerful tool for hypothesis-driven research, as well as an engine for discovery. It has eclipsed the technologies available in 2006, such as microarrays, expressed sequence tags, and subtractive hybridization screening, as the millions of "reads" from NGS enable researchers to de novo assemble a comprehensive transcriptome without a complete genome sequence. The symposium series concludes with a policy paper that gives an overview of the resources available and makes recommendations for developing better tools for functional annotation and pathway and network analysis in organisms in which the genome is not available or is incomplete.
authors: *Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 1878 Campus, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA donald.mykles@colostate.edu.
authors: Donald L
authors: DL
authors: Mykles
authors: Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA.|Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
authors: Karen G
authors: KG
authors: Burnett
authors: Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
authors: David S
authors: DS
authors: Durica
authors: Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies, San Francisco State University, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, CA 94920, USA.|Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors: Jonathon H
authors: JH
authors: Stillman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000639:trends*; D003226:Congresses as Topic; D003445:Crustacea / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics