title: Interdependence of oxysterols with cholesterol profiles in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: To investigate levels of oxysterols in healthy control (HC) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and their interdependence with demographic, clinical characteristics, and cholesterol biomarkers.
  
  
  
  This study included 550 subjects (203 HC, 221 relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS), 126 progressive MS (P-MS)). A complete lipid profile including total cholesterol (TC); high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C); low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C); apolipoproteins (Apo) A1, A2, B, and E; C-reactive protein (CRP); 24-hydroxycholesterol (HC); 25-HC; 27-HC; 7α-HC; and 7-ketocholesterol (KC) was obtained. Lipoprotein particle sizing by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H1NMR) was available for 432 subjects.
  
  
  
  The levels of 24-HC, 27-HC, and 7α-HC (all p < 0.015) were lower in MS compared to HC, and 7-KC was higher in P-MS compared to RR-MS ( p < 0.001). TC, LDL-C, and ApoB were associated with higher levels of all oxysterols (all p < 0.05) in HC. In MS, LDL-C was associated with higher levels of 24-HC, 25-HC, 7-KC, and 7α-HC (all p < 0.05), while TC and ApoB were associated with increased levels of all oxysterols (all p < 0.005).
  
  
  
  The findings of lower 24-HC, 27-HC, and 7α-HC in MS compared to HC and higher 7-KC in P-MS compared to RR-MS indicate that the oxysterol network is disrupted in MS.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Shreya
authors: S
authors: Mukhopadhyay
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Kelly
authors: K
authors: Fellows
authors: Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Richard W
authors: RW
authors: Browne
authors: Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Prachi
authors: P
authors: Khare
authors: Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Sandhya
authors: S
authors: Krishnan Radhakrishnan
authors: Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Jesper
authors: J
authors: Hagemeier
authors: Department of Neurology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Bianca
authors: B
authors: Weinstock-Guttman
authors: Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA/Department of Neurology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Zivadinov
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA/Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Murali
authors: M
authors: Ramanathan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000097:blood*; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000097:blood*; D000072376:Oxysterols / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins; D000072376:Oxysterols
keywords: Multiple sclerosis; immunology