title: Mechanical properties of natural rubber nanocomposites reinforced with high aspect ratio cellulose nanocrystals isolated from soy hulls.
abstract: Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from soy hulls by acid sulfuric hydrolysis. The resulting CNCs were characterized using TEM, AFM, WAXS, elemental analysis and TGA. The CNCs have a high crystallinity, specific surface area and aspect ratio. The aspect ratio (around 100) is the largest ever reported in the literature for a plant cellulose source. These CNCs were used as a reinforcing phase to prepare nanocomposite films by casting/evaporation using natural rubber as matrix. The mechanical properties were studied in both the linear and non-linear ranges. The reinforcing effect was higher than the one observed for CNCs extracted from other sources. It may be assigned not only to the high aspect ratio of these CNCs but also to the stiffness of the percolating nanoparticle network formed within the polymer matrix. Moreover, the sedimentation of CNCs during the evaporation step was found to play a crucial role on the mechanical properties.
authors: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Santa Mônica, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF 70040-020, Brazil; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors: Wilson Pires
authors: WP
authors: Flauzino Neto
authors: Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors: Marcos
authors: M
authors: Mariano
authors: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Santa Mônica, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors: Ingrid Souza Vieira
authors: ISV
authors: da Silva
authors: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Santa Mônica, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors: Hudson Alves
authors: HA
authors: Silvério
authors: Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors: Jean-Luc
authors: JL
authors: Putaux
authors: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Santa Mônica, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors: Harumi
authors: H
authors: Otaguro
authors: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Santa Mônica, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Pasquini
authors: Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: alain.dufresne@pagora.grenoble-inp.fr.
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Dufresne
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004548:Elasticity; D006868:Hydrolysis; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012408:Rubber / Q000737:chemistry*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose; D012408:Rubber
keywords: Agro-industrial residue; Aspect ratio; Cellulose nanocrystals; Nanocomposites; Natural rubber; Soy hulls