title: Liquid-phase microextraction combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry: A review.
abstract: An overview of the combination of liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) techniques with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) is reported herein. The high sensitivity of GFAAS is significantly enhanced by its association with a variety of miniaturized solvent extraction approaches. LPME-GFAAS thus represents a powerful combination for determination of metals, metalloids and organometallic compounds at (ultra)trace level. Different LPME modes used with GFAAS are briefly described, and the experimental parameters that show an impact in those microextraction processes are discussed. Special attention is paid to those parameters affecting GFAAS analysis. Main issues found when coupling LPME and GFAAS, as well as those strategies reported in the literature to solve them, are summarized. Relevant applications published on the topic so far are included.
authors: Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
authors: Inmaculada
authors: I
authors: de la Calle
authors: Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Pena-Pereira
authors: Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
authors: Isela
authors: I
authors: Lavilla
authors: Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain. Electronic address: bendicho@uvigo.es.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Bendicho
keywords: Atomic absorption spectrometry; Graphite furnace; Liquid-phase microextraction; Sample preparation; Speciation; Trace element analysis