title: Activation of autophagic flux by epigallocatechin gallate mitigates TRAIL-induced tumor cell apoptosis via down-regulation of death receptors.
abstract: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol in green tea. Recent studies have reported that EGCG can inhibit TRAIL-induced apoptosis and activate autophagic flux in cancer cells. However, the mechanism behind these processes is unclear. The present study found that EGCG prevents tumor cell death by antagonizing the TRAIL pathway and activating autophagy flux. Our results indicate that EGCG dose-dependently inhibits TRAIL-induced apoptosis and decreases the binding of death receptor 4 and 5 (DR4 and 5) to TRAIL. In addition, EGCG activates autophagy flux, which is involved in the inhibition of TRAIL cell death. We confirmed that the protective effect of EGCG can be reversed using genetic and pharmacological tools through re-sensitization to TRAIL. The inhibition of autophagy flux affects not only the re-sensitization of tumor cells to TRAIL, but also the restoration of death receptor proteins. This study demonstrates that EGCG inhibits TRAIL-induced apoptosis through the manipulation of autophagic flux and subsequent decrease in number of death receptors. On the basis of these results, we suggest further consideration of the use of autophagy activators such as EGCG in combination anti-tumor therapy with TRAIL.
authors: Biosafety Research Institute, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sung-Wook
authors: SW
authors: Kim
authors: Biosafety Research Institute, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ji-Hong
authors: JH
authors: Moon
authors: Biosafety Research Institute, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sang-Youel
authors: SY
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D053218:Receptors, Death Domain / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D053218:Receptors, Death Domain; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate
keywords: EGCG; TRAIL; autophagy; death receptor