title: Post-traumatic stress symptoms in Swedish obstetricians and midwives after severe obstetric events: a cross-sectional retrospective survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine post-traumatic stress reactions among obstetricians and midwives, experiences of support and professional consequences after severe events in the labour ward.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional online survey from January 7 to March 10, 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  Members of the Swedish Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and the Swedish Association of Midwives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Potentially traumatic events were defined as: the child died or was severely injured during delivery; maternal near-miss; maternal mortality; and other events such as violence or threat. The validated Screen Questionnaire Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (SQ-PTSD), based on DSM-IV (1994) 4th edition, was used to assess partial post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and probable PTSD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Partial or probable PTSD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 47% for obstetricians (n = 706) and 40% (n = 1459) for midwives. Eighty-four percent of the obstetricians and 71% of the midwives reported experiencing at least one severe event on the delivery ward. Fifteen percent of both professions reported symptoms indicative of partial PTSD, whereas 7% of the obstetricians and 5% of the midwives indicated symptoms fulfilling PTSD criteria. Having experienced emotions of guilt or perceived insufficient support from friends predicted a higher risk of suffering from partial or probable PTSD. Obstetricians and midwives with partial PTSD symptoms chose to change their work to outpatient care significantly more often than colleagues without these symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A substantial proportion of obstetricians and midwives reported symptoms of partial or probable PTSD after severe traumatic events experienced on the labour ward. Support and resilience training could avoid suffering and consequences for professional carers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a survey 15% of Swedish obstetricians and midwives reported PTSD symptoms after their worst obstetric event.
authors: Department of Women's and Children's Health/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors: Å
authors: Å
authors: Wahlberg
authors: LIME/Medical Management Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Andreen Sachs
authors: Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Johannesson
authors: Department of Women's and Children's Health/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Hallberg
authors: Department of Women's and Children's Health/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Jonsson
authors: Department of Women's and Children's Health/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Skoog Svanberg
authors: Department of Women's and Children's Health/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Högberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008880:Midwifery / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: midwives; obstetricians; perinatal; post-traumatic stress disorder; survey