title: The link between callous-unemotional traits and neural mechanisms of reward processing: An fMRI study.
abstract: Callous-unemotional (CU) traits, i.e., unconcernedness and lack of prosocial feelings, may manifest in Conduct Disorder (CD), but also in Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These disorders have been associated with aberrant reward processing, while the influence of CU traits is unclear. Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), we examined whether CU traits affect the neural circuit for reward. A Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task was administered to 328 adolescents and young adults with varying levels of CU traits: 40 participants with ODD/CD plus ADHD, 101 participants with ADHD only, 84 siblings of probands with ADHD and 103 typically developing (TD) individuals. During reward anticipation, CU traits related negatively to medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity, independent of ADHD symptoms and ODD/CD diagnosis. Our results indicate that CU traits are a valuable dimension for assessing the neural basis of reward processing.
authors: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: k.veroude@donders.ru.nl.
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Veroude
authors: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: von Rhein
authors: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Roselyne J M
authors: RJ
authors: Chauvin
authors: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Eelco V
authors: EV
authors: van Dongen
authors: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Maarten J J
authors: MJ
authors: Mennes
authors: Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Franke
authors: Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Dirk J
authors: DJ
authors: Heslenfeld
authors: Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Jaap
authors: J
authors: Oosterlaan
authors: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands.
authors: Catharina A
authors: CA
authors: Hartman
authors: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands.
authors: Pieter J
authors: PJ
authors: Hoekstra
authors: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Jeffrey C
authors: JC
authors: Glennon
authors: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Jan K
authors: JK
authors: Buitelaar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D004645:Empathy / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012201:Reward; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: ADHD; Brain; CD; Psychopathy; mPFC