title: Imaging of the Staphylococcus aureus Inactivation Process Induced by a Multigas Plasma Jet.
abstract: To identify mechanisms underlying the bacterial inactivation process by atmospheric nonthermal plasma using a unique plasma jet that can generate various gas plasmas, Staphylococcus aureus were irradiated with carbon dioxide plasma, which produces a large amount of singlet oxygens, and nitrogen plasma, which produces a large amount of OH radicals. And damaged areas of plasma-treated bacteria were observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. As a result, bacteria were damaged by both gas plasmas, but the site of damage differed according to gas species. Therefore, it suggests that singlet oxygen generated by carbon dioxide plasma or other reactive species caused by singlet oxygen contributes to the damage of internal structures of bacteria through the cell wall and membrane, and OH radicals generated by nitrogen plasma or other reactive species derived from OH radicals contribute to damage of the cell wall and membrane.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan. tplasma@med.kobe-u.ac.jp.|Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan. tplasma@med.kobe-u.ac.jp.
authors: Toshihiro
authors: T
authors: Takamatsu
authors: Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Kawano
authors: Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
authors: Yota
authors: Y
authors: Sasaki
authors: Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
authors: Kodai
authors: K
authors: Uehara
authors: Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
authors: Hidekazu
authors: H
authors: Miyahara
authors: Postgraduate School, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Yuriko
authors: Y
authors: Matsumura
authors: Postgraduate School, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Atsuo
authors: A
authors: Iwasawa
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Azuma
authors: Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
authors: Akitoshi
authors: A
authors: Okino
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000528:radiation effects; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D058626:Plasma Gases; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002245:Carbon Dioxide