title: Minichromosome maintenance complex component 8 mutations cause primary ovarian insufficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether mutations in the minichromosome maintenance complex component 8 (MCM8) gene were present in 192 patients with sporadic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case-control cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-based reproductive medicine center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 192 patients with sporadic POI and 312 control women with regular menstruation (192 age-matched women and 120 women >45 years old).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sanger sequencing was performed in patients with sporadic POI, and potentially pathogenic variants were confirmed in matched controls. DNA damage was induced by mitomycinC (MMC) treatment, and DNA repair capacity was evaluated by histone H2AX phosphorylation level.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sanger sequencing for MCM8 was performed in 192 patients with sporadic POI, and functional experiments were performed to explore the deleterious effects of mutations identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two novel missense variants in MCM8, c. A950T (p. H317L), and c. A1802G (p. H601R), were identified in two patients with POI but absent in 312 controls (the upper 90% confidence limit for the proportion 2/192 is 2.24%). The HeLa cells overexpressing mutant p. H317L and p. H601R showed higher sensitivity to MMC compared with wild type. Furthermore, mutant p. H317L showed decreased repair capacity after MMC treatment with much more histone H2AX phosphorylation remaining after 2 hours of recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our result suggests novel mutations p. H317L and p. H601R in the MCM8 gene are potentially causative for POI by dysfunctional DNA repair.
authors: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiaoyun
authors: X
authors: Dou
authors: Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ting
authors: T
authors: Guo
authors: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
authors: Guangyu
authors: G
authors: Li
authors: Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
authors: LiGuang
authors: L
authors: Zhou
authors: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: qyy106@yahoo.com.
authors: Yingying
authors: Y
authors: Qin
authors: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, People's Republic of China; Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zi-Jiang
authors: ZJ
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004249:DNA Damage; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004260:DNA Repair; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D064110:Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C468783:H2AX protein, human; D006657:Histones; C471623:MCM8 protein, human; D064110:Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins
keywords: DNA repair; MCM8 mutation; POI