title: Effect of diclofenac sodium on seizures and inflammatory profile induced by kindling seizure model.
abstract: Epilepsy is a disorder that affects 1-2% of the population and a significant percentage of these patients do not respond to anticonvulsant drugs available in the market suggesting the need to investigate new pharmacological treatments. Several studies have shown that inflammation occurs during epileptogenesis and may contribute to the development and progression of epilepsy, demonstrating increased levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins in animal models and human patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory diclofenac sodium on the severity of seizures and levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins in animals with kindling model induced by PTZ. The kindling model was induced by injections of subconvulsant doses of PTZ (20mg/kg) in alternated days for 15days of treatment. The animals were divided into four groups: control group given saline, group treated with diazepam (2mg/kg) and groups treated with diclofenac sodium (5 and 10mg/kg). After treatment the open field tests was conducted. The severity of seizures was evaluated by the Racine scale. We evaluated the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the blood, hippocampus and cortex of animals. The treatment with diclofenac sodium, in the PTZ induced kindling model, decreased severity of seizures and interleukin-6 and TNF-α levels in the hippocampus of animals treated with doses of 5 and 10mg/kg. New studies are needed to investigate a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of epilepsy with this anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drug.
authors: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
authors: Vinícius
authors: V
authors: Vieira
authors: Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
authors: Dreicy
authors: D
authors: Glassmann
authors: Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
authors: Paula
authors: P
authors: Marafon
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Pereira
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
authors: Rosane
authors: R
authors: Gomez
authors: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil; Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Electronic address: adriana.simon@ufrgs.br.
authors: Adriana Simon
authors: AS
authors: Coitinho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D003975:Diazepam / Q000494:pharmacology; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000927:Anticonvulsants; C000594089:IL1B protein, rat; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004008:Diclofenac; D003975:Diazepam
keywords: Diclofenac sodium; Epilepsy; Inflammation