title: Processing of Cryo-EM Movie Data.
abstract: Direct detector device (DDD) cameras dramatically enhance the capabilities of electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) due to their improved detective quantum efficiency (DQE) relative to other detectors. DDDs use semiconductor technology that allows micrographs to be recorded as movies rather than integrated individual exposures. Movies from DDDs improve cryo-EM in another, more surprising, way. DDD movies revealed beam-induced specimen movement as a major source of image degradation and provide a way to partially correct the problem by aligning frames or regions of frames to account for this specimen movement. In this chapter, we use a self-consistent mathematical notation to explain, compare, and contrast several of the most popular existing algorithms for computationally correcting specimen movement in DDD movies. We conclude by discussing future developments in algorithms for processing DDD movies that would extend the capabilities of cryo-EM even further.
authors: Molecular Structure and Function Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors: Z A
authors: ZA
authors: Ripstein
authors: Molecular Structure and Function Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: john.rubinstein@utoronto.ca.
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Rubinstein
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D020285:Cryoelectron Microscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009038:Motion; D012666:Semiconductors; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000592:standards
keywords: Algorithm; Beam-induced movement; Camera; Cryo-EM; Data processing; Direct detector device; Direct electron detector; High-resolution; Motion correction; Movie; cryoEM