title: Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Gadolinium Ethoxybenzyl Diethylenetriamine Pentaacetic Acid for Quantitative Assessment of Vascular Effects on Hepatocellular-Carcinoma Lesions Treated by Transarterial Chemoembolization or Radiofrequency Ablation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluation of blood flow changes related to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) procedures in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four patients, with biopsy-proven HCC, who underwent TACE or RFA, were evaluated, 1 month after treatment, with upper abdominal MRI examination. Multiplanar T2-weighted, T1-weighted, and dynamic contrast-enhanced sequences were acquired. Dedicated perfusion software (T1 Perfusion Package, Viewforum; Philips Medical Systems, The Netherlands) was used to generate color permeability maps. After placing regions of interest in normal hepatic parenchyma, in successfully treated lesions, and in area of recurrence, the following perfusion parameters were calculated and statistically analyzed: relative arterial, venous, and late enhancement; maximum enhancement; maximum relative enhancement, and time to peak.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one of 54 patients had residual disease, and perfusion parameters values measured within tumor tissue were: relative arterial enhancement median, 42%; relative venous enhancement median, 69%; relative late enhancement median, 57.7%; maximum enhancement median, 749.6%; maximum relative enhancement median, 69%; time to peak median, 81.1 seconds. As for all the evaluated parameters, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between residual viable tumor tissue and effective treated lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI represents a complementary noninvasive tool that may offer quantitative and qualitative information about HCC lesions treated with TACE and RFA.
authors: From the *School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan; and †Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo; ‡Department of Interventional Radiology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Milan, Italy.
authors: Davide
authors: D
authors: Ippolito
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Trattenero
authors: Cammillo
authors: C
authors: Talei Franzesi
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Casiraghi
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Lombardi
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Vacirca
authors: Rocco
authors: R
authors: Corso
authors: Sandro
authors: S
authors: Sironi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006499:Hepatic Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008102:Liver Circulation; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA