title: Long-term organic-inorganic fertilization ensures great soil productivity and bacterial diversity after natural-to-agricultural ecosystem conversion.
abstract: Natural ecosystems comprise the planet's wild plant and animal resources, but large tracts of land have been converted to agroecosystems to support the demand for agricultural products. This conversion limits the number of plant species and decreases the soil biological diversity. Here we used high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to evaluate the responses of soil bacterial communities in long-term converted and fertilized red soils (a type of Ferralic Cambisol). We observed that soil bacterial diversity was strongly affected by different types of fertilization management. Oligotrophic bacterial taxa demonstrated large relative abundances in chemically fertilized soil, whereas copiotrophic bacterial taxa were found in large relative abundances in organically fertilized and fallow management soils. Only organic-inorganic fertilization exhibited the same local taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity as that of a natural ecosystem. However, the independent use of organic or inorganic fertilizer reduced local taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity and caused biotic homogenization. This study demonstrated that the homogenization of bacterial communities caused by natural-to-agricultural ecosystem conversion can be mitigated by employing rational organic-inorganic fertilization management.
authors: National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.|Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Weibing
authors: W
authors: Xun
authors: National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
authors: Zhihui
authors: Z
authors: Xu
authors: National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Ren
authors: Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, P. R. China.
authors: Ting
authors: T
authors: Huang
authors: National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Ran
authors: Qiyang red soil experimental station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiyang, 426182, P. R. China.
authors: Boren
authors: B
authors: Wang
authors: National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
authors: Qirong
authors: Q
authors: Shen
authors: National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China. rfzhang@njau.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China. rfzhang@njau.edu.cn.
authors: Ruifu
authors: R
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D044822:Biodiversity; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005308:Fertilizers; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012987:Soil; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: agroecosystem; bacteria diversity; natural ecosystem; phylotype composition; productivity