title: Column percolation test for contaminated soils: Key factors for standardization.
abstract: Column percolation tests may be suitable for prediction of chemical leaching from soil and soil materials. However, compared with batch leaching tests, they are time-consuming. It is therefore important to investigate ways to shorten the tests without affecting the quality of results. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of decreasing testing time by increasing flow rate and decreasing equilibration time compared to the conditions specified in ISO/TS 21268-3, with equilibration periods of 48h and flow rate of 12mL/h. We tested three equilibration periods (0, 12-16, and 48h) and two flow rates (12 and 36mL/h) on four different soils and compared the inorganic constituent releases. For soils A and D, we observed similar values for all conditions except for the 0h-36mL/h case. For soil B, we observed no appreciable differences between the tested conditions, while for soil C there were no consistent trends probably due to the difference in ongoing oxidation reactions between soil samples. These results suggest that column percolation tests can be shortened from 20 to 30days to 7-9days by decreasing the equilibration time to 12-16h and increasing the flow rate to 36mL/h for inorganic substances.
authors: National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
authors: Angelica
authors: A
authors: Naka
authors: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan. Electronic address: t.yasutaka@aist.go.jp.
authors: Tetsuo
authors: T
authors: Yasutaka
authors: National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
authors: Hirofumi
authors: H
authors: Sakanakura
authors: Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany.
authors: Ute
authors: U
authors: Kalbe
authors: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-shi, Chiba 270-1194, Japan.
authors: Yasutaka
authors: Y
authors: Watanabe
authors: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-shi, Chiba 270-1194, Japan.
authors: Seiji
authors: S
authors: Inoba
authors: Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Miyuki
authors: M
authors: Takeo
authors: Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Toru
authors: T
authors: Inui
authors: Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Katsumi
authors: Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors: Takuro
authors: T
authors: Fujikawa
authors: Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Sato
authors: Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection, 1-7-5 Shinsuna, Koto, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan.
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Higashino
authors: Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection, 1-7-5 Shinsuna, Koto, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan.
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Someya
keywords: Column percolation test; Contaminated soils; Equilibration period; Flow rate; Standardization