title: A Strategy against the Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Associated with Nitrogen-Containing Bisphosphonates (N-BPs): Attempts to Replace N-BPs with the Non-N-BP Etidronate.
abstract: Bisphosphonate (BP)-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) can occur when enhanced bone-resorptive diseases are treated with nitrogen-containing BPs (N-BPs). Having previously found, in mice, that the non-N-BP etidronate can (i) reduce the inflammatory/necrotic effects of N-BPs by inhibiting their intracellular entry and (ii) antagonize the binding of N-BPs to bone hydroxyapatite, we hypothesized that etidronate-replacement therapy (Eti-RT) might be useful for patients with, or at risk of, BRONJ. In the present study we examined this hypothesis. In each of 25 patients receiving N-BP treatment, the N-BP was discontinued when BRONJ was suspected and/or diagnosed. After consultation with the physician-in-charge and with the patient's informed consent, Eti-RT was instituted in one group according to its standard oral prescription. We retrospectively compared this Eti-RT group (11 patients) with a non-Eti-RT group (14 patients). The Eti-RT group (6 oral N-BP patients and 5 intravenous N-BP patients) and the non-Eti-RT group (5 oral N-BP patients and 9 intravenous N-BP patients) were all stage 2-3 BRONJ. Both in oral and intravenous N-BP patients (particularly in the former patients), Eti-RT promoted or tended to promote the separation and removal of sequestra and thereby promoted the recovery of soft-tissues, allowing them to cover the exposed jawbone. These results suggest that Eti-RT may be an effective choice for BRONJ caused by either oral or intravenous N-BPs and for BRONJ prevention, while retaining a level of anti-bone-resorption. Eti-RT may also be effective at preventing BRONJ in N-BP-treated patients at risk of BRONJ. However, prospective trials are still required.
authors: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University.
authors: Takefumi
authors: T
authors: Oizumi
authors: Kouji
authors: K
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Koichiro
authors: K
authors: Sato
authors: Masato
authors: M
authors: Takahashi
authors: Gen
authors: G
authors: Yoshimura
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Otsuru
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Tsuchiya
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Hagiwara
authors: Eiji
authors: E
authors: Itoi
authors: Shunji
authors: S
authors: Sugawara
authors: Tetsu
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
authors: Yasuo
authors: Y
authors: Endo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D059266:Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D009584:Nitrogen
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D009584:Nitrogen