title: Plasma leptin concentration is associated with fatigue severity in patients with cardiovascular risk factors - HSCAA study.
abstract: Fatigue induced by complex dysfunctions of the central nervous system is frequently complained by patients with cardiovascular risk factors. Although leptin is considered to regulate the central nervous system, there are no reports regarding its association with fatigue in those patients. This cross-sectional study included 347 patients with cardiovascular risk factors. Fatigue score and plasma leptin concentration were measured. In addition, abdominal fat accumulation, systemic inflammation, sleep condition, and functions of hypothalamus-pituitary axis and autonomic system were estimated. Plasma leptin concentration (natural logarithm transformed) was significantly and positively (r=0.222, p<0.001) associated with fatigue score, and significantly (p<0.001) higher in the moderately-fatigued group (2.32±0.75ng/ml, mean±SD, n=52) than in the normally-fatigued group (1.85±1.02ng/ml, mean±SD, n=295). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that plasma leptin concentration was significantly and independently associated with a moderately-fatigued condition independent of other factors, including age, gender, presence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, alcohol consumption habit, urinary free cortisol, serum high-sensitive CRP concentration, visceral and subcutaneous fat area, apnea/hypopnea index, sleep efficiency, and heart rate variability. Hyperleptinemia may contribute to fatigue severity in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: mkurajoh@hyo-med.ac.jp.
authors: Masafumi
authors: M
authors: Kurajoh
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Manabu
authors: M
authors: Kadoya
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Morimoto
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Mariko
authors: M
authors: Naka
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Miyoshi
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Akinori
authors: A
authors: Kanzaki
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Miki
authors: M
authors: Kakutani-Hatayama
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Kae
authors: K
authors: Hamamoto
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Takuhito
authors: T
authors: Shoji
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Moriwaki
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Masaaki
authors: M
authors: Inaba
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Mitsuyoshi
authors: M
authors: Namba
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors: Hidenori
authors: H
authors: Koyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005221:Fatigue / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin
keywords: Cardiovascular risk factor; Fatigue; Leptin