title: The Neuropeptides FLP-2 and PDF-1 Act in Concert To Arouse Caenorhabditis elegans Locomotion.
abstract: During larval molts, Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits a sleep-like state (termed lethargus) that is characterized by the absence of feeding and profound locomotion quiescence. The rhythmic pattern of locomotion quiescence and arousal linked to the molting cycle is mediated by reciprocal changes in sensory responsiveness, whereby arousal is associated with increased responsiveness. Sensory neurons arouse locomotion via release of a neuropeptide (PDF-1) and glutamate. Here we identify a second arousing neuropeptide (FLP-2). We show that FLP-2 acts via an orexin-like receptor (FRPR-18), and that FLP-2 and PDF-1 secretion are regulated by reciprocal positive feedback. These results suggest that the aroused behavioral state is stabilized by positive feedback between two neuropeptides.
authors: Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.|Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors: Didi
authors: D
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.|Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.|Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors: Kelsey P
authors: KP
authors: Taylor
authors: Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.|Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Hall
authors: Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114 Kaplan@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu.|Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.|Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors: Joshua M
authors: JM
authors: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001143:Arousal; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008124:Locomotion; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D064446:Orexin Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; C583030:Flp-2 protein, C elegans; D009479:Neuropeptides; D064446:Orexin Receptors; C584109:PDF protein, C elegans; D018698:Glutamic Acid
keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; PDF; lethargus; orexin; sleep