title: Diagnosis of subglottic stenosis in a rabbit model using long-range optical coherence tomography.
abstract: Current imaging modalities lack the necessary resolution to diagnose subglottic stenosis. The aim of this study was to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to evaluate nascent subglottic mucosal injury and characterize mucosal thickness and structural changes using texture analysis in a simulated intubation rabbit model.
  
  
  
  Prospective animal study in rabbits.
  
  
  
  Three-centimeter-long sections of endotracheal tubes (ETT) were endoscopically placed in the subglottis and proximal trachea of New Zealand White rabbits (n = 10) and secured via suture. OCT imaging and conventional endoscopic video was performed just prior to ETT segment placement (day 0), immediately after tube removal (day 7), and 1 week later (day 14). OCT images were analyzed for airway wall thickness and textural properties.
  
  
  
  Endoscopy and histology of intubated rabbits showed a range of normal to edematous tissue, which correlated with OCT images. The mean airway mucosal wall thickness measured using OCT was 336.4 μm (day 0), 391.3 μm (day 7), and 420.4 μm (day 14), with significant differences between day 0 and day 14 (P = .002). Significance was found for correlation and homogeneity texture features across all time points (P < .05).
  
  
  
  OCT is a minimally invasive endoscopic imaging modality capable of monitoring progression of subglottic mucosal injury. This study is the first to evaluate mucosal injury during simulated intubation using serial OCT imaging and texture analysis. OCT and texture analysis have the potential for early detection of subglottic mucosal injury, which could lead to better management of the neonatal airway and limit the progression to stenosis.
  
  
  
  NA Laryngoscope, 127:64-69, 2017.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Olubunmi
authors: O
authors: Ajose-Popoola
authors: Beckman Laser Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Erica
authors: E
authors: Su
authors: Beckman Laser Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Ashley
authors: A
authors: Hamamoto
authors: Beckman Laser Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Alex
authors: A
authors: Wang
authors: Beckman Laser Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Joseph C
authors: JC
authors: Jing
authors: Beckman Laser Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.|School of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Tony D
authors: TD
authors: Nguyen
authors: Beckman Laser Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Jason J
authors: JJ
authors: Chen
authors: School of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Kathryn E
authors: KE
authors: Osann
authors: Beckman Laser Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Zhongping
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.|CHOC Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, U.S.A.
authors: Gurpreet S
authors: GS
authors: Ahuja
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.|Beckman Laser Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
authors: Brian J F
authors: BJ
authors: Wong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D007829:Laryngostenosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011817:Rabbits; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Subglottic stenosis; diagnostic imaging; intubation injury; optical coherence tomography; rabbit model