title: Probing Mannose-Binding Proteins That Express on Live Cells and Pathogens with a Diffusion-to-Surface Ratiometric Graphene Electrosensor.
abstract: This paper describes the development of a "diffusion-to-surface" ratiometric graphene electrosensor for the selective detection of live cells and pathogens that highly express mannose-binding proteins (MBPs). MBPs have been implicated in many pathological processes and are identified on specific types of bacteria. Consequently, MBPs are a promising biomarker for targeted disease diagnosis and therapy. Here, we develop a unique electrosensor that features a ratiometric voltammetric signal for the selective probing of MBPs. Self-assembly of mannosyl anthraquinone (AQ) to a graphene oxide-decorated screen-printed electrode produces the sensor with an inherent surface-controlled voltammetric signal. Subsequently, addition of a redox probe (RP) imparts the system with a diffusion-controlled current, thus enabling a ratiometric sensing rationale for which AQ serves as a reference. While the reference current is hardly compromised by adding analytes, RP exhibits a concentration-dependent current quenching on addition of mannose-selective lectins over other proteins. Importantly, this ratiometric electrosensor has proven to be applicable for the ratiometric probing of alternatively activated macrophages and a Gram-negative bacterium highly expressing MBPs, but shows minimal response to a series of control live cells and bacteria without mannose receptor expression.
authors: Department of Pharmacy & Department of Interventional Oncology, Dahua Hospital , Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Donghao
authors: D
authors: Xie
authors: Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Xue-Qing
authors: XQ
authors: Feng
authors: Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Xi-Le
authors: XL
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Pharmacy & Department of Interventional Oncology, Dahua Hospital , Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Pharmacy & Department of Interventional Oncology, Dahua Hospital , Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Zhihong
authors: Z
authors: Ye
authors: Department of Pharmacy & Department of Interventional Oncology, Dahua Hospital , Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Cao
authors: Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Guo-Rong
authors: GR
authors: Chen
authors: Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Xiao-Peng
authors: XP
authors: He
authors: Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P.R. China.
authors: Yi-Tao
authors: YT
authors: Long
mesh_terms: D004566:Electrodes; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin; D010087:Oxides
chemical_list: D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin; D010087:Oxides; D006108:Graphite
keywords: anthraquinone; bacteria; cell; electrochemistry; graphene; sensor