title: Impact of sleep disordered breathing on behaviour among elementary school-aged children: a cross-sectional analysis of a large community-based sample.
abstract: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children has been associated with inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity, but the associations between SDB severity and the type and severity of behavioural disruption are unclear.1022 children aged 5-7 years old prospectively underwent sleep studies and behavioural assessments through completion of standardised instruments. Participants were subdivided into four categorical groups based on the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI; measured per hour of total sleep time (hTST)), i.e. Group 1: nonsnoring and AHI <1 hTST-1; Group 2: habitual snoring and AHI <1 hTST-1; Group 3: habitual snoring and AHI 1-5 hTST-1; and Group 4: habitual snoring and AHI >5 hTST-1, followed by comparisons of behavioural functioning across the groups.All 10 behavioural variables differed significantly between Group 1 and all other groups. Post hoc comparisons indicated that Group 2 was the most impaired for most behavioural measures. Furthermore, differences between Group 2 and more severe sleep pathology conditions were rarely significant.This large community-based paediatric cohort confirms earlier findings highlighting a significant impact of SDB on behavioural regulation, with the greatest impact being already apparent among habitually snoring children. Thus, a likely low asymptote exists regarding SDB behavioural impact, such that further increases in severity do not measurably increase parent-rated difficulties with behavioural regulation relative to controls. Our findings do support the need for considering early intervention, particularly among those children manifesting a behavioural impact of SDB.
authors: Dept of Public Health Sciences, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.|Behavioral Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Olivet Nazarene University, Bourbonnais, IL, USA.
authors: Dale L
authors: DL
authors: Smith
authors: Dept of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Gozal
authors: Dept of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.|Dept of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors: Scott J
authors: SJ
authors: Hunter
authors: Dept of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors: Mona F
authors: MF
authors: Philby
authors: Dept of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors: Jaeson
authors: J
authors: Kaylegian
authors: Dept of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA lgozal@peds.bsd.uchicago.edu.
authors: Leila
authors: L
authors: Kheirandish-Gozal
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D000066553:Problem Behavior; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012890:Sleep; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D012913:Snoring / Q000209:etiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States