title: Identification of vaginal fluid, saliva, and feces using microbial signatures in a Han Chinese population.
abstract: In recent years, forensic scientists have focused on the discrimination of body fluids using microbial signatures. In this study, we performed PCR-based detection of microbial signatures of vaginal fluid, saliva, and feces in a Han Chinese population. We investigated the 16S rRNA genes of Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus jensenii, Lactobacillus iners, and Atopobium vaginae in vaginal fluid, the 16S rRNA and the glucosyltransferase enzyme genes of Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus mutans in saliva, and the 16S rRNA genes of Enterococcus species, the RNA polymerase β-subunit gene of Bacteroides uniformis and Bacteroides vulgatus, and the α-1-6 mannanase gene of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in feces. As a result, the detection proportions of L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. jensenii, L. iners, and A. vaginae were 15/16, 5/16, 8/16, 14/16, and 3/16 in 16 vaginal fluid donors, respectively. L. crispatus and L. jensenii were specifically detected in vaginal fluid; L. gasseri, L. iners, and A. vaginae were also detected in non-vaginal fluid. S. salivarius and S. mutans were not specifically detected in saliva. The detection proportions of Enterococcus species, B. uniformis, B. vulgatus, and B. thetaiotaomicron in 16 feces samples were 16/16, 12/16, 15/16, and 11/16, respectively. B. uniformis and B. thetaiotaomicron were specifically detected in feces. In addition, DNA samples prepared for the identification of body fluid can also be used for individual identification by short tandem repeat typing. The mean detection sensitivities of L. crispatus and L. jensenii were 0.362 and 0.249 pg/uL, respectively. In conclusion, L. crispatus, L. jensenii, B. uniformis, and B. thetaiotaomicron can be used as effective markers for forensic identification of vaginal fluid and feces.
authors: Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, 200083, People's Republic of China; Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China.
authors: Kai-Nan
authors: KN
authors: Zou
authors: The 519th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Wenchang, 300457, Hainan, People's Republic of China.
authors: Li-Jie
authors: LJ
authors: Ren
authors: Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, 200083, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Ping
authors: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200083, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ke
authors: K
authors: Ma
authors: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200083, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, 200083, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Cao
authors: Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, 200083, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: hgzhou803@hotmail.com.
authors: Huai-Gu
authors: HG
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: yiliangwei@yahoo.com.
authors: Yi-Liang
authors: YL
authors: Wei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000235:genetics*; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D002582:Cervix Mucus / Q000382:microbiology*; D002681:China; D005006:Ethnicity; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*; D012661:Semen / Q000382:microbiology; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Bacteria; Body fluid identification; Feces; Forensic science; Han Chinese; Saliva; Vaginal fluid