title: The feather-degrading bacterial community in two soils as revealed by a specific primer targeting serine-type keratinolytic proteases.
abstract: Feather waste represents a huge resource of protein, but is underutilized due to its recalcitrant nature. Feather-degrading bacteria can biologically degrade feathers and have great potential for industries. In this study, we first designed a primer set (BC) suitable for exploring the diversity of the keratinolytic bacterial community with denatured gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). With the BC primer set, the difference in the keratinolytic bacterial community between a feather-dumping (FD) soil and a non feather-dumping (NFD) soil and the influence of feather addition (enrichment culture) on the keratinolytic bacterial community were investigated. DGGE and sequencing showed that keratinolytic bacteria in these soils belong to 2 phyla (Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria) and 9 genera (Micromonospora, Verrucosispora, Actinopolymorpha, Knoellia, Hyalangium, Stigmatella, Archangium, Cystobacter, and Luteimonas). Feather addition decreased the species richness of the keratinolytic bacteria in FD soil, but greatly increased the diversity, species richness and abundance in NFD soil. Moreover, feather addition to NFD soil induced some keratinolytic bacteria that were absent in all of the other soils. Collectively, these data indicate that keratinolytic bacteria are diverse in both FD and NFD soil, and some novel keratinolytic bacteria taxa might be revealed by using the BC primer set.
authors: College of Horticulture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Litchi, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Wushan St. 483, Tianhe Dist., Guangzhou, 510642, China.|Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base) South China, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
authors: Zhenhong
authors: Z
authors: Gu
authors: Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base) South China, Guangzhou, 510070, China. zhuhh@gdim.cn.
authors: Honghui
authors: H
authors: Zhu
authors: College of Horticulture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Litchi, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Wushan St. 483, Tianhe Dist., Guangzhou, 510642, China.|Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base) South China, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
authors: Xiaolin
authors: X
authors: Xie
authors: Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base) South China, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
authors: Yonghong
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: College of Horticulture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Litchi, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Wushan St. 483, Tianhe Dist., Guangzhou, 510642, China.
authors: Xiaodi
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: College of Horticulture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Litchi, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Wushan St. 483, Tianhe Dist., Guangzhou, 510642, China. yaoqscau@scau.edu.cn.
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Yao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005241:Feathers / Q000378:metabolism*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011200:Poultry; D057057:Serine Proteases / Q000235:genetics*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014866:Waste Products / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D014866:Waste Products; D057057:Serine Proteases
keywords: Feather addition; Feather-degrading bacterial community; PCR-DGGE; Serine-type keratinolytic proteases; Specific primer design