title: Hypnosis and Local Anesthesia for Dental Pain Relief-Alternative or Adjunct Therapy?-A Randomized, Clinical-Experimental Crossover Study.
abstract: This prospective randomized clinical crossover trial was designed to compare hypnosis and local anesthesia for experimental dental pain relief. Pain thresholds of the dental pulp were determined. A targeted standardized pain stimulus was applied and rated on the Visual Analogue Scale (0-10). The pain threshold was lower under hypnosis (58.3 ± 17.3, p < .001), maximal (80.0) under local anesthesia. The pain stimulus was scored higher under hypnosis (3.9 ± 3.8) than with local anesthesia (0.0, p < .001). Local anesthesia was superior to hypnosis and is a safe and effective method for pain relief in dentistry. Hypnosis seems to produce similar effects observed under sedation. It can be used in addition to local anesthesia and in individual cases as an alternative for pain control in dentistry.
authors: a University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany.
authors: Thomas Gerhard
authors: TG
authors: Wolf
authors: a University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany.
authors: Dominik
authors: D
authors: Wolf
authors: a University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany.
authors: Angelika
authors: A
authors: Callaway
authors: a University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany.
authors: Dagna
authors: D
authors: Below
authors: a University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany.
authors: Bernd
authors: B
authors: d'Hoedt
authors: a University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany.
authors: Brita
authors: B
authors: Willershausen
authors: a University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany.
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Daubländer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006992:Hypnosis, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult