title: The Novel Relationship between Urban Air Pollution and Epilepsy: A Time Series Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The data concerning the association between environmental pollution and epilepsy attacks are limited. The aim of this study was to explore the association between acute air pollution exposure and epilepsy attack.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hospital record-based study was carried out in Xi'an, a heavily-polluted metropolis in China. Daily baseline data were obtained. Time-series Poisson regression models were applied to analyze the association between air pollution and epilepsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 10 μg/m3 increase of NO2, SO2, and O3 concentrations corresponded to 3.17% (95%Cl: 1.41%, 4.93%), 3.55% (95%Cl: 1.93%, 5.18%), and -0.84% (95%Cl: -1.58%, 0.09%) increase in outpatient-visits for epilepsy on the concurrent days, which were significantly influenced by sex and age. The effects of NO2 and SO2 would be stronger when adjusted for PM2.5. As for O3, a -1.14% (95%Cl: -1.90%, -0.39%) decrease was evidenced when adjusted for NO2. The lag models showed that the most significant effects were evidenced on concurrent days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We discovered previously undocumented relationships between short-term air pollution exposure and epilepsy: while NO2 and SO2 were positively associated with outpatient-visits of epilepsy, O3 might be associated with reduced risk.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Xu
authors: Information Department Medical Record Room, Second Affiliated Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors: Yan-Ni
authors: YN
authors: Fan
authors: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Hai-Dong
authors: HD
authors: Kan
authors: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Ren-Jie
authors: RJ
authors: Chen
authors: School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors: Jiang-Hong
authors: JH
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Ya-Fei
authors: YF
authors: Li
authors: Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Yao
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors: Ai-Ling
authors: AL
authors: Ji
authors: Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Tong-Jian
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3188-6265
authors: TJ
authors: Cai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects; D012621:Seasons; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter