title: Inferring the Skeletal Muscle Developmental Changes of Grazing and Barn-Fed Goats from Gene Expression Data.
abstract: Thirty-six Xiangdong black goats were used to investigate age-related mRNA and protein expression levels of some genes related to skeletal muscle structural proteins, MRFs and MEF2 family, and skeletal muscle fiber type and composition during skeletal muscle growth under grazing (G) and barn-fed (BF) feeding systems. Goats were slaughtered at six time points selected to reflect developmental changes of skeletal muscle during nonrumination (days 0, 7, and 14), transition (day 42), and rumination phases (days 56 and 70). It was observed that the number of type IIx in the longissimus dorsi was increased quickly while numbers of type IIa and IIb decreased slightly, indicating that these genes were coordinated during the rapid growth and development stages of skeletal muscle. No gene expression was affected (P > 0.05) by feeding system except Myf5 and Myf6. Protein expressions of MYOZ3 and MEF2C were affected (P < 0.05) by age, whereas PGC-1α was linearly decreased in the G group, and only MYOZ3 protein was affected (P < 0.001) by feeding system. Moreover, it was found that PGC-1α and MEF2C proteins may interact with each other in promoting muscle growth. The current results indicate that (1) skeletal muscle growth during days 0-70 after birth is mainly myofiber hypertrophy and differentiation, (2) weaning affects the expression of relevant genes of skeletal muscle structural proteins, skeletal muscle growth, and skeletal muscle fiber type and composition, and (3) nutrition or feeding regimen mainly influences the expression of skeletal muscle growth genes.
authors: Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.|University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jinyu
authors: J
authors: Huang
authors: Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jinzhen
authors: J
authors: Jiao
authors: Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhi-Liang
authors: ZL
authors: Tan
authors: Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhixiong
authors: Z
authors: He
authors: Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1.
authors: Karen A
authors: KA
authors: Beauchemin
authors: Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Forster
authors: Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xue-Feng
authors: XF
authors: Han
authors: Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shao-Xun
authors: SX
authors: Tang
authors: Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jinghe
authors: J
authors: Kang
authors: Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
authors: Chuanshe
authors: C
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression; D006041:Goats / Q000254:growth & development*; D060434:Herbivory; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000254:growth & development*; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: gene expression; goats; grazing and barn-fed; protein expression; skeletal muscle growth