title: Baclofen in the Therapeutic of Sequele of Traumatic Brain Injury: Spasticity.
abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an alteration in brain function, caused by an external force, which may be a hit on the skull, rapid acceleration or deceleration, penetration of an object, or shock waves from an explosion. Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a high prevalence rate in pediatric patients, in which treatment options are still limited, not available at present neuroprotective drugs. Although the therapeutic management of these patients is varied and dependent on the severity of the injury, general techniques of drug types are handled, as well as physical and surgical. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used to treat spasticity and improve mobility in patients with spinal cord injuries, relieving pain and muscle stiffness. Pharmacological support with baclofen is contradictory, because disruption of its oral administration may cause increased muscle tone syndrome and muscle spasm, prolonged seizures, hyperthermia, dysesthesia, hallucinations, or even multisystem organ failure. Combined treatments must consider the pathophysiology of broader alterations than only excitation/inhibition context, allowing the patient's reintegration with the greatest functionality.
authors: *Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University City, UNAM, D.F.; †Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, National Institute of Pediatrics; ‡Neuroscience Department/Subdivision of Neurobiology, National Institute of Rehabilitation; §Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Pediatrics; ‖Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico; and ¶Department of Comparative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University City, UNAM, D.F. Mexico.
authors: Adán
authors: A
authors: Pérez-Arredondo
authors: Eduardo
authors: E
authors: Cázares-Ramírez
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Carrillo-Mora
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Martínez-Vargas
authors: Noemí
authors: N
authors: Cárdenas-Rodríguez
authors: Elvia
authors: E
authors: Coballase-Urrutia
authors: Radamés
authors: R
authors: Alemón-Medina
authors: Aristides
authors: A
authors: Sampieri
authors: Luz
authors: L
authors: Navarro
authors: Liliana
authors: L
authors: Carmona-Aparicio
mesh_terms: D001418:Baclofen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D001418:Baclofen