title: One-night sleep deprivation induces changes in the DNA methylation and serum activity indices of stearoyl-CoA desaturase in young healthy men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sleep deprivation has been associated with obesity among adults, and accumulating data suggests that stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) expression has a relevant impact on fatty acid (FA) composition of lipid pools and obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of one-night total sleep deprivation (TSD) on DNA methylation in the 5'-prime region of SCD1, and whether detected changes in DNA methylation are associated with SCD activity indices (product to precursor FA ratios; 16:1n-7/16:0 and 18:1n-9/18:0) derived from serum phospholipids (PL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen young, normal-weight, healthy men completed two study sessions, one with one-night TSD and one with one-night normal sleep (NS). Sleep quality and length was assessed by polysomnography, and consisted of electroencephalography, electrooculography, and electromyography. Fasting whole blood samples were collected on the subsequent morning for analysis of DNA methylation and FAs in serum PL. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between changes in DNA methylation and SCD activity indices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three CpG sites close to the transcription start site (TSS) of SCD1 (cg00954566, cg24503796, cg14089512) were significantly differentially methylated in dependency of sleep duration (-log10 P-value > 1.3). Both SCD-16 and SCD-18 activity indices were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) following one-night TSD, and significantly associated with DNA methylation changes of the three mentioned probes in the 5' region of SCD1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest a relevant link between TSD, hepatic SCD1 expression and de-novo fatty acid synthesis via epigenetically driven regulatory mechanisms.
authors: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland. gudrunvs@hi.is.
authors: Gudrun Valgerdur
authors: GV
authors: Skuladottir
authors: Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: Emil Karl
authors: EK
authors: Nilsson
authors: Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: Jessica
authors: J
authors: Mwinyi
authors: Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: Helgi Birgir
authors: HB
authors: Schiöth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C523776:SCD1 protein, human; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
keywords: DNA methylation; Fatty acid composition; Monounsaturated fatty acids; Sleep condition; Stearoyl-CoA desaturase