title: Sensory determinants of stated liking for vegetable names and actual liking for canned vegetables: A cross-country study among European adolescents.
abstract: Sensory properties are reported as one of the main factors hindering an appropriate vegetable intake by the young. In the present work the sensory determinants of likings for vegetables were explored in adolescents of four European countries (Denmark, n = 88; France, n = 206; Italy, n = 110 and United Kingdom, n = 93). A questionnaire was designed to study cross country differences in stated liking for and familiarity with a list of vegetables popular among European markets (between-vegetable approach). A within-vegetable comparison approach with actual tasting was used to analyze differences and similarities in liking for canned pea and sweet corn samples across the countries. A close positive relationship between stated liking and familiarity was found. Irrespective of the country, one group of highly liked vegetables (carrots, tomatoes, green salad) was identified, characterized by innately liked tastes (sweet, umami), delicate flavour and bright appealing colour. A second group of highly disliked vegetables consists of cauliflowers and broccoli, characterized by disliked sensations such as bitter taste and objectionable flavour. Internal Preference Maps from actual liking scores indicate that the generally disliked tastes (bitter, sour), are clearly correlated with a negative hedonic response for both peas and sweet corn. The hedonic valence of a generally well accepted taste such as salty and texture descriptors depends on the type of vegetable. Internal preference maps from actual liking data indicate that flavour and appearance descriptors of the distinct sensory properties of each type of vegetable positively affect liking, while the intensity of unusual flavours is related to sample disliking.
authors: Department of Management of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems, University of Florence, Italy. Electronic address: dinnella@unifi.it.
authors: Caterina
authors: C
authors: Dinnella
authors: Sensory & Consumer Science, Bonduelle Corporate Research, France.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Morizet
authors: Department of Management of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems, University of Florence, Italy.
authors: Camilla
authors: C
authors: Masi
authors: Department of Management of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems, University of Florence, Italy.
authors: Danny
authors: D
authors: Cliceri
authors: Sensory & Consumer Science, Bonduelle Corporate Research, France.
authors: Laurence
authors: L
authors: Depezay
authors: Research Centre for Behaviour Change, Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, UK.
authors: Katherine M
authors: KM
authors: Appleton
authors: Institute Paul Bocuse Research Centre, France.
authors: Agnés
authors: A
authors: Giboreau
authors: Sensory and Consumer Section, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Federico J A
authors: FJA
authors: Perez-Cueto
authors: The Foodservice and Applied Nutrition Research Group, Bournemouth University, UK.
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Hartwell
authors: Department of Management of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems, University of Florence, Italy.
authors: Erminio
authors: E
authors: Monteleone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003718:Denmark; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D057141:Food, Preserved; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D018532:Pisum sativum; D055697:Taste Perception; D006113:United Kingdom; D014675:Vegetables; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*; D003313:Zea mays
keywords: Descriptive analysis; Familiarity; Liking; Peas; Preference map; Sweet corn