title: Tobacco use disparities by racial/ethnic groups: California compared to the United States.
abstract: Racial/ethnic disparities in cigarette use and cessation persist. This study compared cigarette consumption and former smoking trends in California (CA) with the rest of the United States (US) by racial/ethnic categories of non-Hispanic White, Black, Hispanic/Latino, and Asian/Pacific Islander groups. Data were analyzed from the 1992 to 2011 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. Consumption levels across decades were examined and adjusted logistic regression models were fit to compare across CA and US. Results indicated steady declines in ever smoking prevalence for all groups with much lower magnitudes of change among US Blacks and Whites compared to their CA counterparts. After controlling for age, gender, and education, CA had significantly fewer heavy smokers (OR=0.45, 95% CI:0.38-0.54), more light and intermittent smokers (LITS; OR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.45-1.93), and a greater proportion of former smokers (OR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.24-1.48) than the rest of US. Data were stratified by race/ethnicity and the patterns shown were mostly consistent with CA performing statistically better than their US counterparts with the exception of Black LITS and Asian/Pacific Islander former smokers. California's success in reducing tobacco use disparities may serve as a prime example of tobacco control policy for the country. CA and the US will need to continue to address tobacco use and cessation in the context of the growing diversity of the population.
authors: Oregon State University, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Corvallis, OR, United States. Electronic address: karilyn.sakuma@oregonstate.edu.
authors: Kari-Lyn K
authors: KK
authors: Sakuma
authors: Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, Claremont, CA, United States.
authors: Jamie Quibol
authors: JQ
authors: Felicitas-Perkins
authors: Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, Claremont, CA, United States.
authors: Lyzette
authors: L
authors: Blanco
authors: University of Hawaii, Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States.
authors: Pebbles
authors: P
authors: Fagan
authors: Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical Effectiveness Research Center for Diverse Populations, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
authors: Eliseo J
authors: EJ
authors: Pérez-Stable
authors: California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, United States.
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Pulvers
authors: California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, United States.
authors: Devan
authors: D
authors: Romero
authors: University of California, San Diego, United States.
authors: Dennis R
authors: DR
authors: Trinidad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002140:California / Q000208:ethnology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054525:Minority Health; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000208:ethnology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000208:ethnology*; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology
keywords: Minority health; Smoking; Tobacco control; Tobacco disparities; Tobacco use