title: The Role of the Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer-Associated Bone Disease.
abstract: The bone is a common site for metastasis in patients with advanced prostate carcinoma, and provides a 'fertile' milieu which stimulates tumour growth and associated bone disease. For years, the concept of treatment strategies has remained targeting the tumour itself; however, the occurrence of chemoresistance remains a challenge now more than ever. The attraction of targeting the bone microenvironment in order to disrupt tumour localisation and proliferation stems from the idea that stromal cells are superiorly stable at a genetic level, thus decreasing the risk of resistance manifestation. In this review, we will discuss recent findings with regards to the pathogenesis of prostate cancer-induced bone disease and recent therapeutic strategies in an aim to evaluate the ever increasing role of the microenvironment in disease progression.
authors: Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors: Christina J
authors: CJ
authors: Turner
authors: Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. claire.edwards@ndorms.ox.ac.uk.|Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK. claire.edwards@ndorms.ox.ac.uk.
authors: Claire M
authors: CM
authors: Edwards
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D000069448:Denosumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011883:Radium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D011868:Radioisotopes; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000069448:Denosumab; C581106:radium Ra 223 dichloride; D011883:Radium
keywords: Bone metastasis; Bone microenvironment; Prostate cancer; Therapeutic strategies