title: The effect of Bongardia Chrysogonum on prostate tissue in a rat model of STZ-induced diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bongardia chrysogonum is widely used in Turkey for treating urinary tract infections and prostate hypertrophy, and it also has potent hypoglycemic effects and aids glucose homeostasis. Because of the inflammatory conditions in diabetes mellitus (DM), the prostate tissue of men with diabetes is particularly susceptible to developing hypoplasia, and DM produces characteristic pathological changes in prostate tissue. Here, we examined the effects of B. chrysogonum on the prostate tissue of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The glucose levels were statistically significantly higher in the diabetic rats than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). Further, they were significantly lower in the healthy and diabetic rats administered B. chrysogonum than in the untreated diabetic rats (P < 0.001 and 0.05, respectively). The total cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the healthy rats administered B. chrysogonum than the healthy controls (P < 0.05) and diabetic rats (P < 0.01). They were also significantly lower in the diabetic rats administered B. chrysogonum than those that were left untreated (P < 0.05). The testosterone levels were significantly lower in the untreated diabetic rats than in the controls (untreated ones and those administered B. chrysogonum) and diabetic rats administered the herb (P < 0.001, 0.05 and 0.01, respectively). The oxidative stress index was significantly higher in the untreated diabetic rats than the healthy controls (P < 0.05). It was also significantly lower in the healthy and diabetic groups treated with B. chrysogonum than the untreated diabetic rats (P < 0.05). Histological examination showed no changes in the prostate tissue of the non-diabetic rats. In the diabetic group, the glandular lumens were filled with cellular debris and leucocytic infiltrate, and the glandular epithelium was degenerated and thickened. In the diabetic group treated with B. chrysogonum, the epithelium was better preserved and less debris was seen in the glandular lumen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first study to histologically prove the effects of B. chrysogonum on prostate tissue in diabetes. Our findings may be useful in developing B. chrysogonum into a therapeutic agent against diabetes and benign prostate hyperplasia.
authors: Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, 31100 Antakya, Hatay Turkey.
authors: Recep
authors: R
authors: Dokuyucu
authors: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
authors: Kerem Han
authors: KH
authors: Gozukara
authors: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
authors: Oguzhan
authors: O
authors: Ozcan
authors: Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
authors: Nebihat Kaplan
authors: NK
authors: Sefil
authors: Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Ahmet
authors: A
authors: Nacar
authors: Department of Information Technology, Lumina-The University of South-East Europe, Bucharest, Romania.
authors: Ahmet
authors: A
authors: Dokuyucu
authors: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
authors: Mehmet
authors: M
authors: Inci
keywords: Bongardia chrysogonum; Diabetes mellitus; Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Prostate; Testosterone