title: Elevated O-GlcNAcylation of Extracellular Vesicle Proteins Derived from Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  O-GlcNAcylation is a single sugar attachment of serine and/or threonine residues on intracellular proteins. Recent reports reveal that it can modify several secretory proteins; however, the underlying mechanisms are largely unexplored.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry secretory O-GlcNAc-modified proteins that were isolated from colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed with O-GlcNAc immunoblotting and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was revealed that the O-GlcNAc modification of many EV proteins was increased in metastatic cells. Among these, transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase (TER ATPase) and RuVB-like1 were successfully confirmed for the O-GlcNAc modification in which the levels were significantly higher in EVs of metastatic CRC cell line.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data, demonstrate that proteins carried by EVs are O-GlcNAc-modified. Importantly, elevated aberrant O-GlcNAcylation of EV proteins might serve as a potential biomarker of metastatic CRC.
authors: Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Parunya
authors: P
authors: Chaiyawat
authors: Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Churat
authors: C
authors: Weeraphan
authors: Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Pukkavadee
authors: P
authors: Netsirisawan
authors: Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Daranee
authors: D
authors: Chokchaichamnankit
authors: Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Chantragan
authors: C
authors: Srisomsap
authors: Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Jisnuson
authors: J
authors: Svasti
authors: Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand voraratt@cri.or.th.
authors: Voraratt
authors: V
authors: Champattanachai
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins
keywords: Colorectal cancer; O-GlcNAcylation; RuVB-like1; extracellular vesicles; metastasis; transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase