title: HIV Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Male Foreign Migrants in Cape Town, South Africa.
abstract: While migration has been shown to be a risk factor for HIV, variation in HIV prevalence by subgroups of migrants needs further exploration. This paper documents the HIV prevalence and key characteristics among male foreign migrants in Cape Town, South Africa and the effectiveness of respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to recruit this population. Participants in this cross-sectional study completed a behavioral risk-factor questionnaire and provided a dried blood sample for HIV analysis. Overall HIV prevalence was estimated to be 8.7 % (CI 5.4-11.8) but varied dramatically by country of origin. After adjusting for country of origin, HIV sero-positivity was positively associated with older age (p = 0.001), completing high school (p = 0.025), not having enough money for food (p = 0.036), alcohol use (p = 0.049), and engaging in transactional sex (p = 0.022). RDS was successful in recruiting foreign migrant men. A better understanding of the timing of HIV acquisition is needed to design targeted interventions for migrant men.
authors: College of Global Public Health, New York University, 411 Lafayette Street, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA. mmg362@nyu.edu.
authors: Margaret
authors: M
authors: Giorgio
authors: Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors: Loraine
authors: L
authors: Townsend
authors: Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors: Yanga
authors: Y
authors: Zembe
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors: Mireille
authors: M
authors: Cheyip
authors: College of Global Public Health, New York University, 411 Lafayette Street, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
authors: Sally
authors: S
authors: Guttmacher
authors: College of Global Public Health, New York University, 411 Lafayette Street, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Carter
authors: Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.|School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors: Cathy
authors: C
authors: Mathews
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Behavioral risk; Gender; HIV surveillance; Migration; South Africa