title: Multiplexed Serum Biomarkers for the Detection of Lung Cancer.
abstract: Currently, there is no available biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis. Here we recruited 844 lung cancer patients and 620 healthy participants from six hospitals. A total of four serum proteins was identified and subsequently assessed in the training and validation cohorts. The concentrations of four serum proteins were found to be significantly higher in lung cancer patients compared with healthy participants. The area under the curve (AUC) for the 4-biomarker were 0.86 in the training cohort, and 0.87 in the validation cohort. The classification improved to a corrected AUC of 0.90 and 0.89 respectively following addition of sex, age and smoking status. Similar results were observed for early-stage lung cancer. Remarkably, in a blinded test with a suspicious pulmonary nodule, the adjusted prediction model correctly discriminated the patients with 86.96% sensitivity and 98.25% specificity. These results demonstrated the 4-biomarker panel improved lung cancer prediction beyond that of known risk factors. Moreover, the biomarkers were valuable in differentiating benign nodules which will remain indolent from those that are likely to progress and therefore might serve as an adjuvant diagnosis tool for LDCT scanning.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Lung Cancer, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors: Shenglin
authors: S
authors: Ma
authors: Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Lung Cancer, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors: Wenzhe
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Xia
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Lung Cancer, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors: Shirong
authors: S
authors: Zhang
authors: Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Lung Cancer, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors: Haining
authors: H
authors: Yuan
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Jiang
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors: Wen
authors: W
authors: Meng
authors: Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Lung Cancer, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors: Xiaoliang
authors: X
authors: Zheng
authors: Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Lung Cancer, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China. Electronic address: wangxj@zjams.com.cn.
authors: Xiaoju
authors: X
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Early detection; LDCT; Lung cancer; Risk factors; Serum biomarkers