title: A method for predicting the risk of virtual crashes in a simulated driving task using behavioural and subjective drowsiness measures.
abstract: This study proposed a procedure for predicting the point in time with high risk of virtual crash using a control chart methodology for behavioural measures during a simulated driving task. Tracking error, human back pressure, sitting pressure and horizontal and vertical neck bending angles were measured during the simulated driving task. The time with a high risk of a virtual crash occurred in 9 out of 10 participants. The time interval between the successfully detected point in time with high risk of virtual crash and the point in time of virtual crash ranged from 80 to 324 s. The proposed procedure for predicting the point in time with a high risk of a crash is promising for warning drivers of the state of high risk of crash. Practitioner Summary: Many fatal crashes occur due to drowsy driving. We proposed a method to predict the point in time with high risk of virtual crash before such a virtual crash occurs. This is done using behavioural measures during a simulated driving task. The effectiveness of the method is also demonstrated.
authors: a Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , Okayama , Japan.
authors: Atsuo
authors: A
authors: Murata
authors: a Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , Okayama , Japan.
authors: Kensuke
authors: K
authors: Naitoh
authors: b Department of Industrial Engineering & Management Systems , University of Central Florida , Orlando , FL , USA.
authors: Waldemar
authors: W
authors: Karwowski
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001415:Back; D002081:Buttocks; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005544:Forecasting / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009333:Neck; D011187:Posture; D011312:Pressure; D012307:Risk Factors; D012894:Sleep Stages; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Automotive crash risk; X-bar control chart; behavioural measures; psychological rating of drowsiness; virtual crash