title: Lipoic acid and Calligonum comosumon attenuate aroclor 1260-induced testicular toxicity in adult rats.
abstract: Aroclor 1260 is one of the more representative polychlorinated biphenyls found in biota. This study was designed to delineate the testicular toxicity of Aroclor 1260 and to elucidate the potential protective role of Calligonum comosum (C. comosum) and lipoic acid in adult rats. Aroclor 1260 was dissolved in corn oil and given to rats by gavage at doses 0, 20, 40, or 60 mg/kg/day for 15 consecutive days (Groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively). Groups V and VI were pretreated with C. comosum (200 mg/kg/day) and lipoic acid (35 mg/kg/day) respectively 24 h before Aroclor 1260 (40 mg/kg/day) treatment for 15 consecutive days. Aroclor 1260 (20, 40 or 60 mg/kg/day) treatment significantly decreased testes weight, sperm count and motility and daily sperm production. Serum testosterone was significantly decreased in response to treatment with 40 and 60 mg/kg/day of Aroclor 1260. LDH-X activity was significantly decreased at the three dose levels. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production (in a dose-related manner) and lipid peroxidation were significantly increased in response to Aroclor 1260 (20, 40, or 60 mg/kg/day) treatment. Aroclor 1260 at the three dose levels decreased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR and the non-enzymatic antioxidant GSH level. CAT, GPx and GSH showed a dose-response effect. These abnormalities were effectively attenuated by pretreatment with C. comosum (200 mg/kg/day) or lipoic acid (35 mg/kg/day). Histopathological examination showed a dose-related increase in morphological abnormalities of the testis in response to Aroclor 1260 treatment. In conclusion, Aroclor 1260 induced testicular toxicity at least, in part, by induction of oxidative stress. By reversal of biochemical and morphological changes towards normalcy, the cytoprotective role of C. comosum and lipoic acid is illuminated. In comparison, lipoic acid was more protective than C. comosum extract against testicular toxicity induced by Aroclor 1260. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1147-1157, 2017.
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Hamdy A A
authors: HA
authors: Aly
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Abdulrahman M
authors: AM
authors: Alahdal
authors: Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
authors: Ayman A
authors: AA
authors: Nagy
authors: Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Hossam M
authors: HM
authors: Abdallah
authors: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Essam A
authors: EA
authors: Abdel-Sattar
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Ahmad S
authors: AS
authors: Azhar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001140:Aroclors / Q000633:toxicity*; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019664:Polygonaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013076:Sperm Count; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001140:Aroclors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts; C026987:aroclor 1260; D008063:Thioctic Acid
keywords: aroclor 1260; oxidative stress; spermatogenesis; testis