title: Structural and morphologic differences in human oocytes after in vitro maturation compared with standard in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study whether the size and texture of oocytes/zygotes differ between in vitro maturation (IVM) and traditional IVF and to determine whether these affect the rate of fertilization and blastocyst development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertility clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 83 participants/cycles of IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or IVM treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were allocated to the following groups: patients with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ICSI (PCOS-ICSI and Control-ICSI), and patients with PCOS undergoing IVM (PCOS-IVM). All oocytes were cultured in an Embryoscope incubator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oocyte/zygote sizes were recorded and texture parameters of the ooplasm were analyzed using ImageJ and maZda software. Measurements were recorded at five developmental stages: sperm injection, second polar body extrusion, the first pronuclei appearance, pronuclei disappearance, and immediately before cytokinesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Normally fertilized PCOS-IVM oocytes were significantly larger at the sperm injection and second polar body extrusion stages, compared with both the PCOS-ICSI and Control-ICSI groups. The PCOS-IVM oocytes were significantly larger at the pronuclei disappearance stage compared with the Control-ICSI group. Oocyte texture parameters were significantly different from both other treatment groups in the early developmental stages, although these were predominantly seen when compared with the Control-ICSI group. There were no significant differences in size or texture by the final stage of immediately before cytokinesis between any of the treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that oocyte size and texture differ in the early stages of the first cell cycle.
authors: Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Bethesda Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Women's and Infant's Health, University of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: melanie@fertilitywa.com.au.
authors: Melanie L
authors: ML
authors: Walls
authors: Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Bethesda Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Women's and Infant's Health, University of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors: Roger
authors: R
authors: Hart
authors: School of Women's and Infant's Health, University of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors: Jeffrey A
authors: JA
authors: Keelan
authors: Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Bethesda Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Women's and Infant's Health, University of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors: John P
authors: JP
authors: Ryan
mesh_terms: D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D048749:Cytokinesis; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D005332:Fetoscopy; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D059471:In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008540:Meiosis; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D059705:Polar Bodies / Q000502:physiology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D015053:Zygote / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: ICSI; IVM; PCOS; oocyte; texture