title: Polymorphisms in Non-coding RNA Genes and Their Targets Sites as Risk Factors of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer.
abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease that develops as a consequence of both genetic and environmental risk factors in interplay with epigenetic mechanisms, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). CRC cases are predominantly sporadic in which the disease develops with no apparent hereditary syndrome. The last decade has seen the progress of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that allowed the discovery of several genetic regions and variants associated with weak effects on sporadic CRC. Collectively these variants may enable a more accurate prediction of an individual's risk to the disease and its prognosis. However, the number of variants contributing to CRC is still not fully explored.SNPs in genes encoding the miRNA sequence or in 3'UTR regions of the corresponding binding sites may affect miRNA transcription, miRNA processing, and/or the fidelity of the miRNA-mRNA interaction. These variants could plausibly impact miRNA expression and target mRNA translation into proteins critical for cellular integrity, differentiation, and proliferation.In the present chapter, we describe the different aspects of variations related to miRNAs and other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and evidence from studies investigating these candidate genetic alterations in support to their role in CRC development and progression.
authors: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 00, Prague, Czech Republic. pvodicka@biomed.cas.cz.|Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00, Prague, Czech Republic. pvodicka@biomed.cas.cz.|Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic. pvodicka@biomed.cas.cz.
authors: Pavel
authors: P
authors: Vodicka
authors: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 00, Prague, Czech Republic.|Human Genetics Foundation - Torino (HuGeF), via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Pardini
authors: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 00, Prague, Czech Republic.|Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Veronika
authors: V
authors: Vymetalkova
authors: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 00, Prague, Czech Republic.|Human Genetics Foundation - Torino (HuGeF), via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
authors: Alessio
authors: A
authors: Naccarati
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics; D026723:Polyadenylation; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011379:Prognosis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D022661:RNA, Untranslated
keywords: Colorectal cancer; Polymorphism; Risk factors; SNP; miRNA target site; miRSNP