title: Central obesity increases risk of breast cancer irrespective of menopausal and hormonal receptor status in women of South Asian Ethnicity.
abstract: Current evidence suggests that the relationship between obesity and breast cancer (BC) risk may vary between ethnic groups.
  
  
  
  A total of 1633 BC cases and 1504 controls were enrolled in hospital-based case-control study in Mumbai, India, from 2009 to 2013. Along with detailed questionnaire, we collected anthropometric measurements on all participants. We used unconditional logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for BC risk associated with anthropometry measurements, stratified on tumour subtype and menopausal status.
  
  
  
  Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) of ≥0.95 was strongly associated with risk of BC compared to WHR ≤0.84 in both premenopausal (OR = 4.3; 95% CI: 2.9-6.3) and postmenopausal women (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 2.4-4.8) after adjustment for body mass index (BMI). Premenopausal women with a BMI ≥30 were at lower risk compared to women with normal BMI (OR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.4-0.8). A similar protective effect was observed in women who were postmenopausal for <10 years (OR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4-0.9) but not in women who were postmenopausal for ≥10 years (OR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1-3.3). Overweight and obese women (BMI: 25-29.9 and ≥ 30 kg/m(2), respectively) were at increased BC risk irrespective of menopausal status if their WHR ≥0.95. Central obesity (measured in terms of WC and WHR) increased the risk of both premenopausal and postmenopausal BCs irrespective of hormone receptor (HR) status.
  
  
  
  Central obesity appears to be a key risk factor for BC irrespective of menopausal or HR status in Indian women with no history of hormone replacement therapy.
authors: Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 400 012, India.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Nagrani
authors: Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 400 012, India.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Mhatre
authors: Center for Global Health, U.S. National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20892-9760, USA.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Rajaraman
authors: Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX, France.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Soerjomataram
authors: Institute For Translational Epidemiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Boffetta
authors: Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 012, India.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Gupta
authors: Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 012, India.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Parmar
authors: Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 012, India.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Badwe
authors: Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 400 012, India. Electronic address: dixr24@hotmail.com.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Dikshit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008593:Menopause / Q000208:ethnology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000502:physiology; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000208:ethnology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone
keywords: Breast cancer; Central obesity; Hormone receptor status; Menopausal status; South Asian