title: How many podocyte autophagosomes are there in immunoglobulin A nephropathy and idiopathic membranous nephropathy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the number of autophagosomes in podocyte from kidney tissue of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN).
  
  
  METHODS
  The changes in kidney tissue pathology were detected after hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, Masson's trichrome and immunofluorescence. The autophagosomes of podocyte were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Clinical data, including age, gender, edema, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtrating rate (eGFR), hematuria, urine protein excretion and serum albumin, were collected from inpatient medical record.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that the number of autophagosomes in podocyte of nephropathy group was lower when compared to the control group. At the same time, we did not find the difference of the parameter between these two kinds of nephropathy. Further study showed that the index was affected by two factors: eGFR and gender. The cases with worse eGFR (eGFR < 60 ml/min) and male patients presented more autophagosomes. Furthermore, each nephropathy had its own character. The phenomena of reduced autophagosomes were found in IMN cases, did not change from male to female, and further aggravated from pathological stage I to II. By contrast, IgAN cases with less eGFR exhibited more autophagosomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, the results of the present study indicate that autophagy participates in podocyte injury and the progression of IgAN and IMN.
authors: Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shikai
authors: S
authors: Liang
authors: Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Jin
authors: Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jianguang
authors: J
authors: Gong
authors: Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yiwen
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China. strong_he@163.com.
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000071182:Autophagosomes / Q000473:pathology*; D002681:China; D003404:Creatinine / Q000032:analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007677:Kidney Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050199:Podocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Autophagosome; Idiopathic membranous nephropathy; Immunoglobulin A nephropathy; Podocyte