title: Nonleaching Bacteria-Responsive Antibacterial Surface Based on a Unique Hierarchical Architecture.
abstract: Bacteria-responsive surfaces popularly exert their smart antibacterial activities by bacteria-triggered delivery of antibacterial agents; however, the antibacterial agents should be additionally reloaded for the renewal of these surfaces. Herein, a reversible, nonleaching bacteria-responsive antibacterial surface is prepared by taking advantage of a hierarchical polymer brush architecture. In this hierarchical surface, a pH-responsive poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) outer layer serves as an actuator modulating the surface behavior on demand, while antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are covalently immobilized on the inner layer. The PMAA hydration layer renders the hierarchical surface resistant to initial bacterial attachment and biocompatible under physiological conditions. When bacteria colonize the surface, the bacteria-triggered acidification allows the outermost PMAA chains to collapse, therefore exposing the underlying bactericidal AMP to on-demand kill bacteria. In addition, the dead bacteria can be released once the PMAA chains resume their hydrophilicity because of the environmental pH increase. The functionality of the nonleaching surface is reversible without additional reloading of the antibacterial agents. This approach provides a new methodology for the development of smart surfaces in a variety of practical biomedical applications.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shunjie
authors: S
authors: Yan
authors: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hengchong
authors: H
authors: Shi
authors: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.
authors: Lingjie
authors: L
authors: Song
authors: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xianghong
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shifang
authors: S
authors: Luan
authors: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yuming
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jinghua
authors: J
authors: Yin
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D001419:Bacteria; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D011108:Polymers; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D011108:Polymers
keywords: bacteria-responsive; cationic antimicrobial peptides; hierarchical architecture; pH-responsive polymer; smart surfaces