title: Simultaneous extraction of acidic and basic drugs via on-chip electromembrane extraction.
abstract: In the present work, a on-chip electromembrane extraction (CEME) was designed and employed for simultaneous extraction of mefenamic acid (MEF) and diclofenac (DIC), as acidic model analytes, and betaxolol (BET), as a basic model analyte, followed by HPLC-UV. The CEME consists of two polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) parts which each part consists of two separated microfluidic channels. A polypropylene sheet membrane impregnated with an organic solvent was sandwiched between the parts. One of the parts was used as the flow path for the sample solution and the other one as holder for the acceptor phases. The separated microfluidic channels of the sample solution part were connected to each other using a small piece of a capillary tube and the sample solution was pumped through them by means of a micro-syringe pump. However, the acceptor phases of the acidic and basic analytes were separately kept stagnant in the two microfluidic channels during the extraction process. A d.c. potential was applied for migration of the analytes from sample solution through the organic membrane into the acceptor phases. All effective variables on the extraction efficiency of the analytes were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, preconcentration factors higher than 15 were achieved and the calibration curves were linear in the range of 10-500 μg L(-1) (r(2) > 0.9982). RSD% values (n = 4) and LODs were less than 7.1% and 5.0 μg L(-1). The results demonstrated that CEME could efficiently be used for the simultaneous analysis of acidic and basic analytes in biological samples.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Yousef Abdossalami
authors: YA
authors: Asl
authors: Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: yyamini@modares.ac.ir.
authors: Yadollah
authors: Y
authors: Yamini
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Shahram
authors: S
authors: Seidi
authors: Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Rezazadeh
mesh_terms: D015784:Betaxolol / Q000032:analysis*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000032:analysis*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D008528:Mefenamic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; D015394:Molecular Structure
chemical_list: D004008:Diclofenac; D008528:Mefenamic Acid; D015784:Betaxolol
keywords: Acidic and basic drugs; Biological samples; On chip electromembrane; Simultaneous extraction