title: 25-year weight gain in a racially balanced sample of U.S. adults: The CARDIA study.
abstract: To examine 25-year trends in weight gain, partitioned by time-related and aging-related changes, during early and middle adulthood.
  
  
  
  Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), a prospective, non-nationally representative cohort study conducted at four urban field centers that began in 1985 to 1986 with 5,109 Black (B) and White (W) men (M) and women (W) aged 18 to 30 years, has followed participants for 25 years (aged 43-55 years in 2010-2011). Time-related and aging-related components of weight change were estimated to construct longitudinal models of linear and nonlinear trends.
  
  
  
  There were nonlinear trends in time-related weight gain in W, with larger weight gains early that attenuated at subsequent exams. Time-related trends were linear in M. There were nonlinear trends in aging-related weight gain in BM, BW, and WM, with the greatest weight gains at younger ages. Aging-related trends were linear in WW. Participants with overweight or obesity in early adulthood had greater attenuation of aging-related weight gain during middle adulthood.
  
  
  
  These findings partially support recent surveys indicating slower increases in obesity prevalence in recent years. Findings further suggest that aging-related weight gain is greatest in the 20s and may begin attenuating as early as the mid-30s among some groups.
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors: Gareth R
authors: GR
authors: Dutton
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors: Yongin
authors: Y
authors: Kim
authors: Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Jacobs
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors: Xuelin
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: Catherine M
authors: CM
authors: Loria
authors: Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: Jared P
authors: JP
authors: Reis
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors: Mercedes
authors: M
authors: Carnethon
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors: Nefertiti H
authors: NH
authors: Durant
authors: Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors: Penny
authors: P
authors: Gordon-Larsen
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors: James M
authors: JM
authors: Shikany
authors: Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA.
authors: Stephen
authors: S
authors: Sidney
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors: Cora E
authors: CE
authors: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015430:Weight Gain; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult