title: A review of techniques for detecting Huanglongbing (greening) in citrus.
abstract: Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most destructive disease of citrus worldwide. Monitoring of health and detection of diseases in trees is critical for sustainable agriculture. HLB symptoms are virtually the same wherever the disease occurs. The disease is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter spp., vectored by the psyllids Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and Trioza erytreae. Electron microscopy was the first technique used for HLB detection. Nowadays, scientists are working on the development of new techniques for a rapid HLB detection, as there is no sensor commercially accessible for real-time assessment of health conditions in trees. Currently, the most widely used mechanism for monitoring HLB is exploration, which is an expensive, labor-intensive, and time-consuming process. Molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction are used for the identification of HLB disease, which requires detailed sampling and processing procedures. Furthermore, investigations are ongoing in spectroscopic and imaging techniques, profiling of plant volatile organic compounds, and isothermal amplification. This study recognizes the need for developing a rapid, cost-effective, and reliable health-monitoring sensor that would facilitate advancements in HLB disease detection. This paper compares the benefits and limitations of these potential methods for HLB detection.
authors: a Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Department of Agricultural Parasitology, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, C.P. 25315, Mexico.
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Arredondo Valdés
authors: a Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Department of Agricultural Parasitology, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, C.P. 25315, Mexico.
authors: Juan C
authors: JC
authors: Delgado Ortiz
authors: a Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Department of Agricultural Parasitology, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, C.P. 25315, Mexico.
authors: Mariana
authors: M
authors: Beltrán Beache
authors: a Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Department of Agricultural Parasitology, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, C.P. 25315, Mexico.
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Anguiano Cabello
authors: a Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Department of Agricultural Parasitology, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, C.P. 25315, Mexico.
authors: Ernesto
authors: E
authors: Cerna Chávez
authors: b Catedrática CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Department of Agricultural Parasitology, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, C.P. 25315, Mexico.
authors: Yolanda
authors: Y
authors: Rodríguez Pagaza
authors: a Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Department of Agricultural Parasitology, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, C.P. 25315, Mexico.
authors: Yisa M
authors: YM
authors: Ochoa Fuentes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002957:Citrus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D058889:Molecular Typing; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012230:Rhizobiaceae / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: HLB; MDJ; arbres; detection; détection; health; monitoring; santé; surveillance; trees