title: Seizure control following treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations in pediatric patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Seizure outcome after treatment for pediatric patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) has been rarely described in the literature. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for seizure presentation in pediatric AVM patients and the predictors for seizure control following treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched our characteristics of seizures associated with brain arteriovenous malformations prospectively maintained AVM database at Beijing Tiantan Hospital and identified 198 pediatric patients with brain AVMs between the year 2009 and 2014. Seizure presentation, patient characteristics, AVM features, treatment modalities, and postoperative outcomes, especially post-treatment seizure control were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the risk factors for seizure presentation as well as the predictors for seizure control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before initiation of any treatments, 63 (31.8 %) of the overall 198 patients presented with seizure. According to multivariate analyses, larger AVM size, frontal AVM location, and history of prior hemorrhage were significantly associated with seizure presentation (all p < 0.05). For patients with pre-treatment seizure presentation, good seizure outcome was achieved in 73.8 %. AVM obliteration, short-period history of seizure, and short duration for seizure onset were independent predictors of good seizure outcome in the multivariate analysis. For the 135 patients without seizures at presentation, the overall rate of de novo seizures was 4.4 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In pediatric patients with brain AVMs, prior hemorrhage, larger AVM size, and frontal lobe location may predict subsequent seizures. Highest seizure control can be achieved by complete obliteration of the AVMs with microsurgical resection.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|China National Clinical Research Center For Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiangke
authors: X
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|China National Clinical Research Center For Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xianzeng
authors: X
authors: Tong
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|China National Clinical Research Center For Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|China National Clinical Research Center For Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Cao
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China. captain9858@vip.sina.com.|China National Clinical Research Center For Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China. captain9858@vip.sina.com.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China. captain9858@vip.sina.com.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China. captain9858@vip.sina.com.
authors: Shuo
authors: S
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000009:adverse effects; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: AVM size; Good seizure control; Obliteration rate; Risk factors