title: Self-assembled carbohydrate-based vesicles for lectin targeting.
abstract: This study examined the physicochemical interactions between vesicles formed by phosphatidylcholine (PC) and glycosylated polymeric amphiphile N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminyl-PEG900-docosanate (C22PEG900GlcNAc) conjugated with Bauhinia variegata lectin (BVL). Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins capable of binding glycosylated membrane components. Accordingly, the surface functionalization by such entities is considered a potential strategy for targeted drug delivery. We observed increased hydrodynamic radii (RH) of PC+C22PEG900GlcNAc vesicles in the presence of lectins, suggesting that this aggregation was due to the interaction between lectins and the vesicular glycosylated surfaces. Furthermore, changes in the zeta potential of the vesicles with increasing lectin concentrations implied that the vesicular glycosylated surfaces were recognized by the investigated lectin. The presence of carbohydrate residues on vesicle surfaces and the ability of the vesicles to establish specific interactions with BVL were further explored using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis. The results indicated that the thickness of the hydrophilic layer was to some extent influenced by the presence of lectins. The presence of lectins required a higher degree of polydispersity as indicated by the width parameter of the log-normal distribution of size, which also suggested more irregular structures. Reflectance Fourier transform infrared (HATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis.) analyses revealed that the studied lectin preferentially interacted with the choline and carbonyl groups of the lipid, thereby changing the choline orientation and intermolecular interactions. The protein also discretely reduced the intermolecular communication of the hydrophobic acyl chains, resulting in a disordered state.
authors: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors: Marinalva Cardoso
authors: MC
authors: Dos Santos
authors: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Yasmine Miguel Serafini
authors: YMS
authors: Micheletto
authors: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Nadya Pesce
authors: NP
authors: da Silveira
authors: Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors: Luciano
authors: L
authors: da Silva Pinto
authors: Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
authors: Fernando Carlos
authors: FC
authors: Giacomelli
authors: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors: Vânia Rodrigues
authors: VR
authors: de Lima
authors: Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
authors: Tiago Elias Allievi
authors: TEA
authors: Frizon
authors: Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil. Electronic address: adalbo@unesc.net.
authors: Alexandre Gonçalves
authors: AG
authors: Dal-Bó
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D037102:Lectins
keywords: Glycosurfactant; Glycosylated surface; Lectin; Vesicles