title: BMP2 and BMP4 variations and risk of non-syndromic cleft lip and palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is one of the most common congenital anomalies and arises from the interaction of environmental and genetic factors. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the BMP2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) and BMP4 (bone morphogenetic protein 4) polymorphisms with non-syndromic CL/P to clarify the potential role of these genes in the etiology of CL/P in Iranian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The allelic and genotypic frequencies of BMP2 rs235768 A>T and BMP4 rs17563 T>C polymorphisms were determined in 107 unrelated Iranian subjects with non-syndromic CL/P and 186 control subjects using PCR and RFLP methods, and the results were compared with healthy controls. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BMP2 rs235768 AT genotype was significantly higher (P=0.009, OR=3, 95% CI=1.3-7.0) in the CL/P (59.8%) than the control group (33.3%). Similarly, the BMP4 rs17563 TC genotype were significantly higher (P=0.008, OR=3.7, 95% CI=1.4-9.9) in the CL/P (70.0%) than the control group (44.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BMP2 rs235768 A>T and BMP4 rs17563 T>C polymorphisms could be considered as the risk factor for non-syndromic CL/P in Iranian population.
authors: Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran.
authors: Mitra
authors: M
authors: Saket
authors: Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Kioomars
authors: K
authors: Saliminejad
authors: Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Koorosh
authors: K
authors: Kamali
authors: Genetic Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Fatemeh Aghakhani
authors: FA
authors: Moghadam
authors: Genetic Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Nazanin Esmaeili
authors: NE
authors: Anvar
authors: Genetic Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: hrkk1@uswr.ac.ir.
authors: Hamid Reza
authors: HR
authors: Khorram Khorshid
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000235:genetics*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007492:Iran; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4
keywords: Association study; BMP2; BMP4; Cleft lip/palate; Polymorphism