title: Enhanced astaxanthin production from Haematococcus pluvialis using butylated hydroxyanisole.
abstract: Haematococcus pluvialis is a promising natural source of high-value antioxidant astaxanthin under stress conditions. Biotic or abiotic elicitors are effective strategies for improving astaxanthin production in H. pluvialis. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) was identified as an effective inducer for H. pluvialis LUGU. Under a treatment of 2mgL(-1) BHA (BHA2), astaxanthin content reached a maximum of 29.03mgg(-1) dry weight (DW) (2.03-fold of that in the control) after 12day of the mid-exponential growth phase. Subsequently, H. pluvialis LUGU was subjected to BHA2 at different growth phases because an appropriate time node for adding elicitors is vital for the entire production to succeed. As a result, the highest astaxanthin content (29.3mgg(-1) DW) was obtained in cells on day 14 (BHA2 14) of the late-exponential growth phase. Furthermore, the samples treated with BHA2 14 and the control group were compared in terms of the transcriptional expression of seven carotenogenesis genes, fatty acid composition, and total accumulated astaxanthin. All selected genes exhibited up-regulated expression profiles, with chy, crtO, and bkt exhibiting higher maximum transcriptional levels than the rest. Oleic acid content increased 33.15-fold, with acp, fad, and kas expression being enhanced on the day when astaxanthin was produced rapidly.
authors: Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
authors: Minmin
authors: M
authors: Shang
authors: Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Ding
authors: Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
authors: Yongteng
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
authors: Jun-Wei
authors: JW
authors: Xu
authors: Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Zhao
authors: Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Li
authors: School of Foreign Languages, Kunming University, Kunming 650200, China.
authors: Huixian
authors: H
authors: Ma
authors: Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China. Electronic address: xuya_yu@163.com.
authors: Xuya
authors: X
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D016823:Volvocida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D024341:Xanthophylls; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole; C005948:astaxanthine
keywords: Astaxanthin; Astaxanthin biosynthetic genes; Butylated hydroxyanisole induction; Fatty acid composition; Fatty acid related genes; Haematococcus pluvialis