title: Principles of cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking and echocardiographic speckle tracking for informed clinical use.
abstract: Tissue tracking technology of routinely acquired cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) cine acquisitions has increased the apparent ease and availability of non-invasive assessments of myocardial deformation in clinical research and practice. Its widespread availability thanks to the fact that this technology can in principle be applied on images that are part of every CMR or echocardiographic protocol. However, the two modalities are based on very different methods of image acquisition and reconstruction, each with their respective strengths and limitations. The image tracking methods applied are not necessarily directly comparable between the modalities, or with those based on dedicated CMR acquisitions for strain measurement such as tagging or displacement encoding. Here we describe the principles underlying the image tracking methods for CMR and echocardiography, and the translation of the resulting tracking estimates into parameters suited to describe myocardial mechanics. Technical limitations are presented with the objective of suggesting potential solutions that may allow informed and appropriate use in clinical applications.
authors: Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
authors: Gianni
authors: G
authors: Pedrizzetti
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Imaging and Dynamics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Piet
authors: P
authors: Claus
authors: CMR Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK.
authors: Philip J
authors: PJ
authors: Kilner
authors: Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Imaging, Internal Medicine III and Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Main, Germany. eike.nagel@cardiac-imaging.org.
authors: Eike
authors: 0000-0002-6044-950X
authors: E
authors: Nagel
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016276:Ventricular Function
keywords: Cardiac mechanics; Cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Feature tracking; Myocardial deformation; Strain