title: Three-dimensional evaluation of morphologic tooth symmetry in various malocclusions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphologic symmetry of the maxillary and mandibular teeth between the left and right quadrants in 3 dimensions using advanced engineering software.
  
  
  METHODS
  The total sample comprised 120 dental casts of 60 patients with dental and skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions. They were divided into 3 groups of 40 dental casts (20 maxillary, 20 mandibular) belonging to 20 patients. The dental casts were digitized with an intraoral 3-dimensional scanner (TRIOS; 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). Segmentation and superimposition procedures were carried out using Rapidform software (Inus Technology, Seoul, Korea). Teeth in the left and right quadrants (except for the second molars) in both jaws were superimposed using 3-point registration followed by surface-based registration; 3-Matic software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) was used for deviation analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximum mean deviations observed in the positive and negative directions were 0.14 ± 0.10 mm in the maxilla (for the Class I group) and 0.16 ± 0.09 mm for the Class III group. The differences of the maximum deviation amounts among the malocclusion groups were 0.47 ± 0.08 mm in negative direction in the maxillary teeth and 0.79 ± 0.17 mm in the mandibular arch.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the 3 malocclusion groups investigated, morphologic deviations were low and clinically insignificant. Symmetry of tooth morphology did not differ among Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions.
authors: Research assistant, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey. Electronic address: furkan.dindaroglu@ege.edu.tr.
authors: Furkan
authors: F
authors: Dindaroğlu
authors: Research assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Sciences Centre, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Gökhan Serhat
authors: GS
authors: Duran
authors: Research assistant, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors: Işıl
authors: I
authors: Aras
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003735:Dental Casting Technique; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003765:Models, Dental; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital; D014070:Tooth / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*