title: Acute toxicity assessment of explosive-contaminated soil extracting solution by luminescent bacteria assays.
abstract: Explosive-contaminated soil is harmful to people's health and the local ecosystem. The acute toxicity of its extracting solution was tested by bacterial luminescence assay using three kinds of luminescent bacteria to characterize the toxicity of the soil. An orthogonal test L16(45) was designed to optimize the soil extracting conditions. The optimum extracting conditions were obtained when the ultrasonic extraction time, ultrasonic extraction temperature, and the extraction repeat times were 6 h, 40 °C, and three, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that the main components of the contaminated soil's extracting solution were 2,4-dinitrotoluene-3-sulfonate (2,4-DNT-3-SO3-); 2,4-dinitrotoluene-5-sulfonate (2,4-DNT-5-SO3-); and 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT). Compared with Photobacterium phosphoreum and Vibrio fischeri, Vibrio qinghaiensis sp. Nov. is more suitable for assessing the soil extracting solution's acute toxicity. Soil washing can remove most of the contaminants toxic to luminescent bacterium Vibrio qinghaiensis sp. Nov., suggesting that it may be a potential effective remediation method for explosive-contaminated soil.
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China.
authors: Wenjie
authors: W
authors: Xu
authors: Yinguang Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd., Gansu, 730090, China.
authors: Zhenming
authors: Z
authors: Jiang
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China.
authors: Quanlin
authors: Q
authors: Zhao
authors: Yinguang Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd., Gansu, 730090, China.
authors: Zhenzhong
authors: Z
authors: Zhang
authors: Yinguang Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd., Gansu, 730090, China.
authors: Hongping
authors: H
authors: Su
authors: Yinguang Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd., Gansu, 730090, China.
authors: Xuewen
authors: X
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China. zhengfangye@163.com.
authors: Zhengfang
authors: Z
authors: Ye
mesh_terms: D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D049449:Luminescence; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D010776:Photobacterium; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D012996:Solutions; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute / Q000379:methods*; D014733:Vibrio
chemical_list: D004136:Dinitrobenzenes; D053834:Explosive Agents; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012996:Solutions; C016403:2,4-dinitrotoluene; C023514:2,6-dinitrotoluene
keywords: Acute toxicity; Bacterial luminescence assay; Explosive-contaminated soil; Ultrasonic extraction