title: Mutually Supportive Mechanisms of Inflammation and Vascular Remodeling.
abstract: Chronic inflammation is often accompanied by angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from existing ones. This vascular response is a response to chronic hypoxia and/or ischemia, but is also contributory to the progression of disorders including atherosclerosis, arthritis, and tumor growth. Proinflammatory and proangiogenic mediators and signaling pathways form a complex and interrelated network in these conditions, and many factors exert multiple effects. Inflammation drives angiogenesis by direct and indirect mechanisms, promoting endothelial proliferation, migration, and vessel sprouting, but also by mediating extracellular matrix remodeling and release of sequestered growth factors, and recruitment of proangiogenic leukocyte subsets. The role of inflammation in promoting angiogenesis is well documented, but by facilitating greater infiltration of leukocytes and plasma proteins into inflamed tissues, angiogenesis can also propagate chronic inflammation. This review examines the mutually supportive relationship between angiogenesis and inflammation, and considers how these interactions might be exploited to promote resolution of chronic inflammatory or angiogenic disorders.
authors: William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
authors: J R
authors: JR
authors: Whiteford
authors: William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: De Rossi
authors: Cardiovascular Division, King's College, University of London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Abigail.Woodfin@kcl.ac.uk.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Woodfin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D066253:Vascular Remodeling / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: angiogenesis; chronic inflammation; endothelium; vascular remodeling; vasculogenesis