title: Groundwater fluoride contamination and its possible health implications in Indi taluk of Vijayapura District (Karnataka State), India.
abstract: Groundwater fluoride concentration and fluoride-related health problems were studied in twenty-two villages of Indi taluk of Vijayapura district, Karnataka, India. Present study (2015) was also used to compare groundwater fluoride concentration in same 22 villages with previous government report (2000). Groundwater fluoride concentrations of 62 bore wells of 22 villages were analyzed by using an ion-sensitive electrode. A total of 660 adults and 600 children were screened for fluorosis symptoms and signs. Sixty clinically suspected fluorosis patients' urine samples were further analyzed for fluoride. The mean value (1.22 ± 0.75 mg/L) of fluoride concentration of 62 bore wells and 54.83 % bore wells with ≥1.0 mg/L of fluoride concentrations in Indi taluk indicates higher than the permissible limit of drinking water fluoride concentration recommended for India. Clinical symptoms like arthritis, joint pains, gastrointestinal discomfort and lower limb deformities with high urinary fluoride concentrations in some subjects suggest fluorosis. Results also showed an increase in groundwater fluoride concentration of the same 22 villages between previous and present study. Preliminary arthritis symptom of the villagers could be due to drinking fluoride-contaminated water. Increase in fluoride concentration with time to the bore wells definitely indicates future danger.
authors: Department of Community Medicine, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Vidyavati
authors: V
authors: Ugran
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Naveen N
authors: NN
authors: Desai
authors: School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
authors: Dipankar
authors: D
authors: Chakraborti
authors: Department of Community Medicine, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Kallappa A
authors: KA
authors: Masali
authors: Department of General Medicine, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Prakash
authors: P
authors: Mantur
authors: Department of Orthopedics, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Shreepad
authors: S
authors: Kulkarni
authors: Department of Dermatology & Venereology, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Niranjan
authors: N
authors: Deshmukh
authors: Department of Chemistry, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Kailash S
authors: KS
authors: Chadchan
authors: Department of Chemistry, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Swastika N
authors: SN
authors: Das
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Anuradha S
authors: AS
authors: Tanksali
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Asha S
authors: AS
authors: Arwikar
authors: Department of E.N.T., BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Suresh P
authors: SP
authors: Guggarigoudar
authors: Department of Surgery, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Tejaswini
authors: T
authors: Vallabha
authors: Department of Community Medicine, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
authors: Shailaja S
authors: SS
authors: Patil
authors: Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India. kusaldas@yahoo.com.
authors: Kusal K
authors: KK
authors: Das
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity*; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D060986:Water Wells; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Dental fluorosis; Groundwater fluoride concentration; Rural Karnataka; Skeletal fluorosis; Urinary fluoride