title: Self-Management Behaviors in Adults on Insulin Pump Therapy.
abstract: Successful diabetes management requires behavioral changes. Little is known about self-management behaviors (SMB) in adults on insulin pump (IP) therapy.
  
  
  
  Analyze and characterize observed common diabetes SMB in adult participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using IPs and to correlate behaviors with glycemic outcomes based on participant's individual glucose targets.
  
  
  
  One month of IP data from adults with T1D were downloaded. Computer programs were written to automatically quantify the observed frequency of expected behaviors such as: insulin bolusing, checking blood glucose (BG), and recording carbohydrate intake, and other interactions with the IP.
  
  
  
  Nineteen participants were recruited and 4,249 IP interactions were analyzed to ascertain behaviors. Intersubject variability of adherence to minimally expected behaviors was observed: daily documentation of carbohydrates and BG checks in 76.6 (31.7)% and 60.0 (32.5)%, respectively, and bolusing without consulting the IPBC in 13.0 (16.9)% of delivered boluses, while daily insulin bolus delivery was consistent 96.8 (5.7)%. Higher frequency of adherence to daily behaviors correlated with a higher number of glucose readings at target.
  
  
  
  Results indicate variability in SMB and do not always match recommendations. Case-scenarios based on observed real-life SMB could be incorporated into interviews/surveys to elucidate ways to improve SMB.
authors: 1 Arizona State University Department of Biomedical Informatics, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors: Danielle
authors: D
authors: Groat
authors: 1 Arizona State University Department of Biomedical Informatics, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.|2 Mayo Clinic Arizona Division of Endocrinology, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors: Maria Adela
authors: MA
authors: Grando
authors: 1 Arizona State University Department of Biomedical Informatics, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors: Hiral
authors: H
authors: Soni
authors: 2 Mayo Clinic Arizona Division of Endocrinology, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors: Bithika
authors: B
authors: Thompson
authors: 2 Mayo Clinic Arizona Division of Endocrinology, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Boyle
authors: 2 Mayo Clinic Arizona Division of Endocrinology, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors: Marilyn
authors: M
authors: Bailey
authors: 1 Arizona State University Department of Biomedical Informatics, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.|2 Mayo Clinic Arizona Division of Endocrinology, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors: Curtiss B
authors: CB
authors: Cook
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012646:Self Administration; D016903:Drug Monitoring
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin
keywords: bolus calculator; insulin dosing; insulin pump; self-management behaviors; type 1 diabetes