title: Genotoxic and mutagenic evaluation of water samples from a river under the influence of different anthropogenic activities.
abstract: Pollution of aquatic ecosystems is associated with the discharge of mostly industrial and urban effluents, which may cause loss of biodiversity and damage to public health. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity and mutagenicity of water samples collected in the Corrente River, a major waterway in the river basin district of Pedro II, Piauí (Brazil). This river is exposed to intense anthropogenic influence from urban, automotive mechanical and family farm waste, and it is used as the main source of water supply by the population. Water samples were collected during the rainy and dry seasons, at four sites in the Corrente River, and evaluated by physicochemical, microbiological and inorganic elements analyses. The samples were evaluated for mutagenicity using the Allium cepa test (toxicity, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus tests) and fish (Tilapia rendalli and Hoplias malabaricus). The physicochemical, microbiological and inorganic results show a large contribution to the pollution loads at collection points in the town of Pedro II, demonstrating the influence of urban pollution. The Al, Si, Ti, Cr, Ni and Cu contents were determined by PIXE. These same Corrente River water samples demonstrated mutagenic effect for A. cepa and fish, as well as toxicity in the A. cepa test. The observations of mutagenic effect may suggest that the complex mixture of agents is comprised of both clastogenic and aneugenic agents. This study also showed the need for constant monitoring in places with environmental degradation caused by urban sewage discharges.
authors: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 22 (4(o) andar), 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Research in Genetic Toxicology (LABTOX), Faculdade Santo Agostinho (FSA), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors: Nelson Jorge Carvalho
authors: NJ
authors: Batista
authors: Genetic Toxicology and Cytogenetics Laboratories, Department of Biology (DB), Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors: Ana Amélia
authors: AA
authors: de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante
authors: Chemical Laboratory, Institute for Development of Piauí (IDEPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors: Maria Geci
authors: MG
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal Institute of Piauí (IFPI - Campus/Central), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors: Eugênia Cristina Nascimento
authors: EC
authors: Medeiros
authors: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal Institute of Piauí (IFPI - Campus/Central), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors: Joseane Lustosa
authors: JL
authors: Machado
authors: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal Institute of Piauí (IFPI - Campus/Central), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors: Sebastiana Ribeiro
authors: SR
authors: Evangelista
authors: Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Johnny F
authors: JF
authors: Dias
authors: Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Carla E I
authors: CE
authors: Dos Santos
authors: Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Anaí
authors: A
authors: Duarte
authors: Centro Universitário La Salle, UNILASALLE, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
authors: Fernanda R
authors: FR
authors: da Silva
authors: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 22 (4(o) andar), 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: juliana.silva@ulbra.br.
authors: Juliana
authors: J
authors: da Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D060125:Characiformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D023681:Cichlids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D019697:Onions / Q000187:drug effects*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Allium cepa; Environmental biomonitoring; Hoplias malabaricus; Micronucleus test; Mutagenesis; Tilapia rendalli