title: Human parvovirus 4 prevalence among HTLV-1/2 infected individuals in Brazil.
abstract: Human parvovirus 4 (PARV4), a Tetraparvovirus, has been largely found in HIV, HBV, or HCV infected individuals. However, there is no data for the PARV4 occurrence in Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1/2) infected individuals, despite similar transmission routes. Here, PARV4 viremia was evaluated in 130 HTLV infected patients under care of a Brazilian HTLV outpatient clinic. PARV4 viremia was detected in 6.2% of the HTLV-1 infected patients. Most PARV4 positives showed no evidence for parenterally transmitted infections. It is suggested that in Brazil, transmission routes of PARV4 are more complex than in Europe and North America and resemble those in Africa. J. Med. Virol. 89:748-752, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Svetoslav Nanev
authors: SN
authors: Slavov
authors: Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Katia Kaori
authors: KK
authors: Otaguiri
authors: HTLV-Outpatient Clinic, Institute of Infectious Diseases "Emilio Ribas", São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Jerusa
authors: J
authors: Smid
authors: HTLV-Outpatient Clinic, Institute of Infectious Diseases "Emilio Ribas", São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Augusto Cesar Penalva
authors: AC
authors: de Oliveira
authors: HTLV-Outpatient Clinic, Institute of Infectious Diseases "Emilio Ribas", São Paulo, Brazil.|Laboratory of Medical Investigation 56, Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Jorge
authors: J
authors: Casseb
authors: Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Social Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Edson Zangiacomi
authors: EZ
authors: Martinez
authors: Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Dimas Tadeu
authors: DT
authors: Covas
authors: Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany.
authors: Anna Maria
authors: AM
authors: Eis-Hübinger
authors: Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Simone
authors: S
authors: Kashima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015491:HTLV-II Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017992:Parvovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015995:Prevalence; D014766:Viremia / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HAM/TSP; HTLV-1/2; PARV4; coinfections; parenteral transmission