title: Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Egypt.
abstract: Despite expansion of the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) worldwide, the incident of outbreaks regarding Egypt is still uncommon. In this survey, we denounce the emanation of multidrug-resistant NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Egypt. We have reclaimed 46 unrepeatable carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates at El-demerdash hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. All the isolates showed a decreased sensitivity to imipenem and meropenem via the disc diffusion method. Among the isolates, 10 were proven as NDM-1 producers by utilizing the phenotypic methods (modified Hodge test and EDTA synergistic test) and specific PCR detection of NDM-1 encoding gene, blaNDM-1. The isolates hosting the blaNDM-1showed an elevated resistance to several classes of β-lactam and non β-lactam antibiotics. All blaNDM-1-harboring isolates have showed positivity for one or more other plasmid-mediated bla genes; in addition, the isolates carried class 1 integron. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR results revealed that majority of the isolates, including the NDM-1 producers, are unrelated to each other. This highlights the danger of horizontal transfer of plasmids encoding for such carbapenemases, including NDM-1, between the isolates of K. pneumoniae. In summary, this study has confirmed the incidence of blaNDM-1together with other bla genes among the K. pneumoniae isolates in Egypt. Control and prevention of infection can be achieved through early detection of resistance genes among bacterial isolates; through limiting the dispersal of these organisms.
authors: 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology , 6th of October City, Egypt .
authors: Mahmoud A F
authors: MAF
authors: Khalil
authors: 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University , Mansoura, Egypt .
authors: Abdelaziz
authors: A
authors: Elgaml
authors: 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University , Mansoura, Egypt .
authors: Mohammed
authors: M
authors: El-Mowafy
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000494:pharmacology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D006801:Humans; D032023:Integrons; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D010957:Plasmids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015780:Carbapenems; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C552864:beta-lactamase NDM-1
keywords: Egypt; Klebsiella pneumoniae; New Delhi-metallo-B-lactamase-1; carbapenems; multidrug resistance