title: Structure characterization of three polysaccharides and a comparative study of their immunomodulatory activities on chicken macrophage.
abstract: In this study, we evaluated structure characterization and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from Astragalus aboriginum Richardson (RAPS), Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (RAMPS) and Rumia seseloides Hoffm (RSPS) in vitro on chicken macrophage. We found that molecular weight of RAPS and RAMPS was 122.4 and 109.4kDa higher than 64.71kDa of RSPS. Glucose occupied 83.95% and 66.39% in RAPS and RAMPS, respectively. RSPS mainly contained glucose and galacturonic acid, which accounted for 32.35% and 29.25%, respectively. The NMR results displayed that RAPS and RAMPS contained β- glucose, β-galactose, and β-galacturonic acid. The backbone was 1→6 linked glucose. RSPS showed at least six monosaccharide response signals. In vitro experiment, the results showed that RAPS at dosage of 15.62μgmL(-1) exhibited significant immunological on chicken macrophage compared to RAMPS and RSPS. Interestingly, costimulatory molecules levels in RSPS group were higher than that of RAPS, which may associated with the special structure of RSPS.
authors: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
authors: Wentao
authors: W
authors: Fan
authors: Zhengzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450053, PR China.
authors: Shijie
authors: S
authors: Zhang
authors: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
authors: Pan
authors: P
authors: Hao
authors: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
authors: Pimiao
authors: P
authors: Zheng
authors: Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China. Electronic address: Liujz@sdau.edu.cn.
authors: Jianzhu
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China. Electronic address: zhaoxn@sdau.edu.cn.
authors: Xiaona
authors: X
authors: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031174:Atractylodes / Q000737:chemistry; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005690:Galactose / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011134:Polysaccharides; C007819:galacturonic acid; D005947:Glucose; D005690:Galactose
keywords: Chicken macrophage; Comparative analysis; Immunological activity; Polysaccharide; Structure characterization