title: Effects of 5-azacytidine-induced DNA demethylation on polyketide synthase gene expression in larvae of sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of cytosine methylation in regulation of polyketide compounds biosynthesis in larvae of Strongylocentrotus intermedius.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of S. intermedius larvae with 100 and 200 µM 5-azacytidine (5A) as a DNA demethylating agent significantly increased the amounts of spinochrome D and spinochrome E, as the number of pigmented cells per studied larva, in a dose-depended manner. The data on SiPks gene expression showed enhancement in 16- and 67-fold in S. intermedius larvae treated with 100 and 200 µM 5A, respectively, relative to untreated ones. Moreover, the activation of transcription factors SiGcm, SiGatae and SiKrl gene expression involved in regulation of SiPks was observed in S. intermedius larvae upon treatment with 5A, suggesting DNA methylation being powerful regulator of polyketide compounds biosynthesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to describe the role of cytosine DNA methylation in the regulation of polyketide compounds biosynthesis in sea urchins. Current study implies a negative control provided by cytosine DNA methylation machinery as a key regulator of polyketide compound biosynthesis.
authors: Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Stoletija Str. 159, 690022, Vladivostok, Russia. tyunin@biosoil.ru.
authors: A P
authors: AP
authors: Tyunin
authors: Laboratory of Cytotechnology, A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevsky St. 17, 690041, Vladivostok, Russia.|The School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690090, Vladivostok, Russia.
authors: N V
authors: NV
authors: Ageenko
authors: Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Stoletija Str. 159, 690022, Vladivostok, Russia.|The School of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry and Applied Ecology, Far Eastern Federal University, 690090, Vladivostok, Russia.
authors: K V
authors: KV
authors: Kiselev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007814:Larva; D048630:Polyketide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047269:Strongylocentrotus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048630:Polyketide Synthases; D001374:Azacitidine
keywords: 5-azacytidine; DNA methylation; Naphthoquinones; Polyketide compounds; Sea urchin; Spinochromes