title: Inhibitory Effects of Some Carbohydrates on Nano-Globular Aggregation of both Normal and Glycated Albumin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Protein aggregation is one of the important, common and troubling problems in biotechnology, pharmaceutical industries and amyloid-re-lated disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, the inhibitory effects of some carbohydrates (alginate, β-cyclodextrin and trehalose) on the formation of nano-globular aggregates from normal (HSA) and glycated (GHSA) human serum albumin were studied; when the formation of aggregates was induced by the simultaneous heating and addition of dithiotheritol. For the investigations, the biophysical methods of UV-vis spectrophotometry, circular dichroism spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and tensiometry were employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effect of inhibitory mechanism of these inhibitors on the aggregation of HSA and GHSA was expressed and compared together.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that the nucleus formation step of the aggregation process of HSA and GHSA was different in the presence of alginate (compared to β-cyclodextrin and trehalose). The inhibition efficiencies of the carbohydrates on the aggregate formation of HSA and GHSA were different, arising from the differences in the hydrophobicities of HSA and GHSA, and also, the differences between HSA- and GHSA-carbohydrate interactions.
authors: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Ali Akbar
authors: AA
authors: Moosavi-Movahedi
authors: Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nanobiology and Nanomedicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors: Naghmeh
authors: N
authors: Sattarahmady
authors: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Esmaeil
authors: E
authors: Sharifi
authors: Nanobiology and Nanomedicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors: Hossein
authors: H
authors: Heli
keywords: Albumin; Alginate; Protein aggregation; Trehalose