title: Understanding the experience of care managers and relationship with patient outcomes: the COMPASS initiative.
abstract: To understand how care managers implemented COMPASS and if this was related to patient health outcomes.
  
  
  
  A total of 96 COMPASS care managers were approached to participate in the online survey and 93 (97%) provided responses. Correlations were generated between key survey responses and the average number of care management contacts, patient depression, blood pressure and glycosylated hemoglobin outcomes.
  
  
  
  Patients of care managers who reported spending more time on COMPASS-related tasks had higher rates of depression improvement (r=0.34; P=.002) and remission (r=0.27; P=.02) as well as higher rates of blood pressure control (r=0.29; P=.03).
  
  
  
  To improve the effectiveness of care management in collaborative care models, particularly for patients with comorbid conditions and complex nonmedical needs, care managers need the support of social work and administrative support staff. Care managers for this patient population would also benefit from more intensive training in nonpharmacological depression treatment, such as motivational interviewing and behavioral activation. Additionally, systems support is needed such as education for primary care teams and psychiatry on the value of collaborative care models and integration of population management tools into electronic medical records.
authors: Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC), 100 S. Los Robles Ave., 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101-2453, USA. Electronic address: Karen.J.Coleman@kp.org.
authors: Karen J
authors: KJ
authors: Coleman
authors: Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (ICSI), 8009 34th Ave. S., Suite 1200, Bloomington, MN 55425-1624, USA.
authors: Tani
authors: T
authors: Hemmila
authors: Pittsburgh Regional Health Initiative (PRHI), 650 Smithfield St., Centre City Tower, Suite 2400, Pittsburgh, PA 15222-3900, USA.
authors: Mark D
authors: MD
authors: Valenti
authors: Mount Auburn Cambridge IPA (MACIPA), 1380 Soldiers Field Rd., Floor 2, Brighton, MA 02135-1023, USA.
authors: Nasya
authors: N
authors: Smith
authors: Mount Auburn Cambridge IPA (MACIPA), 1380 Soldiers Field Rd., Floor 2, Brighton, MA 02135-1023, USA.
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Quarrell
authors: Institute for Health Research (KPCO), Kaiser Permanente Colorado, P.O. Box 378066, Denver, CO 80237-8066, USA.
authors: Lynnice K
authors: LK
authors: Ruona
authors: Community Health Plan of Washington (CHPW), 720 Olive Way, Suite 300, Seattle, WA 98101-1830, USA.
authors: Emily
authors: E
authors: Brandenfels
authors: Mayo Clinic Health System, 1000 First Dr. N.W., Austin, MN 55912-2941, USA.
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Hann
authors: Essentia Health-Duluth Clinic, 420 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55805-1901, USA; Michigan Center for Clinical Systems Improvement (Mi-CCSI), 233 E. Fulton St., Suite 20, Grand Rapids, MI 49503-3261, USA.
authors: Todd
authors: T
authors: Hinnenkamp
authors: Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC), 100 S. Los Robles Ave., 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101-2453, USA.
authors: Margarita D
authors: MD
authors: Parra
authors: Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (ICSI), 8009 34th Ave. S., Suite 1200, Bloomington, MN 55425-1624, USA.
authors: Jeyn
authors: J
authors: Monkman
authors: Essentia Health-Duluth Clinic, 420 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55805-1901, USA; Michigan Center for Clinical Systems Improvement (Mi-CCSI), 233 E. Fulton St., Suite 20, Grand Rapids, MI 49503-3261, USA.
authors: Sue
authors: S
authors: Vos
authors: HealthPartners Institute (HPI), 8170 33rd Ave. S., MS23301A, Bloomington, MN 55425, USA.
authors: Rebecca C
authors: RC
authors: Rossom
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000070516:Intersectoral Collaboration; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010346:Patient Care Management / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Collaborative care; Complex patients; Depression; Process improvement; Social and nonmedical needs