title: Sponge Sampling with Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization as a Screening Tool for the Early Detection of Esophageal Cancer.
abstract: Sponge cytology is a novel screening tool for esophageal cancer but has been unable to be validated for widespread use. Our aim was to apply fluorescent in situ hybridization to sponge cytology samples in order to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this modality in screening for esophageal cancer.
  
  
  
  At a single, multidisciplinary, NCI-designated cancer center, patients completed sponge cytology sampling prior to upper endoscopy. Samples were analyzed by p53 fluorescent in situ hybridization, and results were compared to the endoscopic diagnosis.
  
  
  
  Fifty patients were enrolled (96 % Caucasian, 68 % male, median age of 67). All patients successfully swallowed the capsule. No complications (string breakage, bleeding, mucosal injury) occurred. Endoscopy revealed that 38 % had normal esophageal mucosa and 62 % had an esophageal mucosal abnormality. In total, six samples demonstrated p53 loss (94 % specificity for any abnormality). The sensitivity of the p53 fluorescent in situ hybridization probe was13.3 % for any abnormality, 10 % for intestinal metaplasia, and 0 % for dysplasia or esophageal cancer.
  
  
  
  Esophageal sponge cytology is a promising, safe, and tolerable method for collecting esophageal cell samples. However, our data suggest that p53 fluorescent in situ hybridization does not improve the sensitivity for detecting cancer in these samples.
authors: Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, L223A, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
authors: Kelly R
authors: KR
authors: Haisley
authors: Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, L223A, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
authors: James P
authors: JP
authors: Dolan
authors: Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors: Susan B
authors: SB
authors: Olson
authors: Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, L223A, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
authors: Sergio A
authors: SA
authors: Toledo-Valdovinos
authors: Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, L223A, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
authors: Kyle D
authors: KD
authors: Hart
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors: Gene
authors: G
authors: Bakis
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors: Brintha K
authors: BK
authors: Enestvedt
authors: Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, L223A, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. hunterj@ohsu.edu.
authors: John G
authors: JG
authors: Hunter
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013048:Specimen Handling; D015503:Surgical Sponges
keywords: Esophageal cancer; Esophageal sponge; Fluorescent in situ hybridization; Oesophageal cancer; Screening