title: The Empirical Foundations of Teleradiology and Related Applications: A Review of the Evidence.
abstract: Radiology was founded on a technological discovery by Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. Teleradiology also had its roots in technology dating back to 1947 with the successful transmission of radiographic images through telephone lines. Diagnostic radiology has become the eye of medicine in terms of diagnosing and treating injury and disease. This article documents the empirical foundations of teleradiology.
  
  
  
  A selective review of the credible literature during the past decade (2005-2015) was conducted, using robust research design and adequate sample size as criteria for inclusion.
  
  
  
  The evidence regarding feasibility of teleradiology and related information technology applications has been well documented for several decades. The majority of studies focused on intermediate outcomes, as indicated by comparability between teleradiology and conventional radiology. A consistent trend of concordance between the two modalities was observed in terms of diagnostic accuracy and reliability. Additional benefits include reductions in patient transfer, rehospitalization, and length of stay.
authors: 1 University of Michigan Health System , Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors: Rashid L
authors: RL
authors: Bashshur
authors: 2 Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia .
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Krupinski
authors: 3 Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: James H
authors: JH
authors: Thrall
authors: 1 University of Michigan Health System , Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors: Noura
authors: N
authors: Bashshur
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D063731:Mobile Applications; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care; D011871:Radiology / Q000458:organization & administration; D011873:Radiology Information Systems / Q000458:organization & administration; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D000068997:Smartphone; D019112:Teleradiology / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*
keywords: cost; evidence; telemedicine; teleradiology