title: Distinguishing Between Self-Classified Religious and Spiritual Groups of Emerging Adult Males: Conceptual and Psychometric Challenges.
abstract: This study sought to determine whether measures of religion and spirituality could discriminate between emerging adult males who self-identified as both religious and spiritual (B), religious only (R), spiritual only (S), or neither (N). Two religion measures and three spirituality measures were employed to assess the constructs. It was predicted that those who self-identify as religious only would score significantly higher on the religion measures than those who identified as spiritual only, and those that identified as spiritual only would score significantly higher on the spirituality measures than those who identified as religious only. Results supported the first hypothesis, but not the second. The relationship between spirituality and religion measures indicated substantial overlap and the possibility of differential relationships between emerging male and female adults.
authors: Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Paul J
authors: PJ
authors: Handal
authors: Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA. ccreech2@slu.edu.
authors: Chelsi A
authors: CA
authors: Creech
authors: Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Michael G
authors: MG
authors: Schwendeman
authors: Saginaw Valley Sate University, University Center, MI, USA.
authors: Travis J
authors: TJ
authors: Pashak
authors: Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Eunice J
authors: EJ
authors: Perez
authors: Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Lea
authors: L
authors: Caver
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015146:Midwestern United States; D011594:Psychometrics; D012067:Religion; D057566:Self Report; D029181:Spirituality; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult