title: An Outcome Measure of Functionality and Pain in Patients with Low Back Disorder: A Validation Study of the Iranian version of Low Back Outcome Score.
abstract: METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to cross-culturally translate and validate the low back outcome score (LBOS) in Iran.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Lumbar disc hernia (LDH) is the most common diagnoses of low back pain and imposes a heavy burden on both individual and society. Instruments measuring patient reported outcomes should satisfy cetain psychometric properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire was performed using Beaton's guideline. A total of 163 patients with LDH were asked to respond to the questionnaire at three points in time: preoperative and twice within 1-week interval after surgery assessments. The Oswestry disabilty index (ODI) was also completed. The internal consistency, test-retest, convergent validity, and responsiveness to change were assessed. Responsiveness to change also was assessed comparing patients' pre- and postoperative scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the cohort was 49.8 years (standard deviation=10.1). The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the LBOS at preoperative and postoperative assessments ranged from 0.77 to 0.79, indicating good internal consistency. Test-retest reliability as performed by intraclass correlation coefficient was found to be 0.82 (0.62-0.91). The instrument discriminated well between sub-groups of patients who differed in the Finneson-Cooper score. The ODI correlated strongly with the LBOS score, lending support to its good convergent validity (r=--0.83; p<0.001). Further analysis also indicated that the questionnaire was responsive to change (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Iranian version of LBOS performed well and the findings suggest that it is a valid measure of back pain treatment evaluation among LDH patients.
authors: Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Parisa
authors: P
authors: Azimi
authors: Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Hossein
authors: H
authors: Nayeb Aghaei
authors: Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Shirzad
authors: S
authors: Azhari
authors: Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Sohrab
authors: S
authors: Shazadi
authors: Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Hamid
authors: H
authors: Khayat Kashany
authors: Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Hassan Reza
authors: HR
authors: Mohammadi
authors: Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Montazeri
keywords: Iran; Low back outcome score; Low back pain; Validity