title: Non alcoholic fatty liver disease in a Nigerian population with type II diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Worldwide, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an important cause of chronic liver disease and cardiovascular morbidity, even more so in subjects with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD in an African population with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a case control study and evaluated anthropometric and biochemical risk factors for NAFLD in 336 subjects (T2DM and non-diabetic controls). Parameters assessed included estimation of BMI (Body Mass Index), measurement of waist circumference (WC), serum cholesterol including HDL-C, LDL-C and triglyceride and serum transaminases (ALT and AST). Hepatitis B and C viral antibody screening was also performed. The diagnosis of NAFLD was confirmed by identification of hepatic steatosis on abdominal ultrasound scan evaluation and exclusion of significant alcohol consumption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NAFLD was identified in 16.7% (28 of 168) patients with T2DM compared with 1.2% (2 of 168) non-diabetic controls (Odds Ratio 16.6; p < 0.001). Central obesity (WC > 102cm) and dyslipidaemia (HDL-c < 40mg/dl) were independently associated with NAFLD in male subjects with T2DM (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04 respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NAFLD occurred more frequently in patients with T2DM than controls and was associated with central obesity and dyslipidaemia. The diabetic subjects with NAFLD will require more intensive therapy to decrease the risk of hepatic, cardiovascular and other adverse events.
authors: Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Lagos Nigeria.
authors: Titilola Osawaye
authors: TO
authors: Olusanya
authors: Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Lagos Nigeria.
authors: Olufunmilayo Adenike
authors: OA
authors: Lesi
authors: Endocrine and Metabolism Unit, Lagos Nigeria, Department of Medicine, Lagos Nigeria.
authors: Adekunle Ayokunle
authors: AA
authors: Adeyomoye
authors: Department of Radiology, Lagos, Nigeria, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos Teaching Hospital, PMB 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos Nigeria.
authors: Olufemi Adetola
authors: OA
authors: Fasanmade
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Africa; Fatty liver disease; dyslipidaemia; ultrasound scan