title: Enhanced apoptosis from early physical exercise rehabilitation following ischemic stroke.
abstract: The effectiveness of the rehabilitative benefits of physical exercise appears to be contingent upon when the exercise is initiated after stroke. The present study assessed the hypothesis that very early exercise increases the extent of apoptotic cell death via increased expression of proapoptotic proteins in a rat stroke model. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 hr using an intraluminal filament and assigned to four nonexercise and three exercise groups. Exercise on a Rota-Rod was initiated for 30 min at 6 hr (considered very early), at 24 hr (early), and at 3 days (relatively late) after reperfusion. At 24 hr after exercise, apoptotic cell death was determined. At 3 and 24 hr after exercise, the expression of pro- and antiapoptotic proteins was evaluated through Western blotting. As expected, ischemic stroke significantly increased the levels of apoptotic cell death. Compared with the stroke group without exercise, apoptotic cell death was further increased (P < 0.05) at 6 hr but not at 24 hr or 3 days with exercise. This exacerbated cell injury was associated with increased expression of proapoptotic proteins (BAX and caspase-3). The expression of Bcl-2, an antiapoptotic protein, was not affected by exercise. In ischemic stroke, apoptotic cell death was enhanced by very early exercise in association with increased expression of proapoptotic proteins. These results shed light on the time-sensitive effect of exercise in poststroke rehabilitation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Fengwu
authors: F
authors: Li
authors: Department of General Surgery, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Shi
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
authors: Ethan Y
authors: EY
authors: Zhao
authors: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.|Department of Neurology, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiaokun
authors: X
authors: Geng
authors: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiaorong
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
authors: Changya
authors: C
authors: Peng
authors: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
authors: Jiamei
authors: J
authors: Shen
authors: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Sainan
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
authors: Yuchuan
authors: Y
authors: Ding
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D045442:Rotarod Performance Test; D013997:Time Factors; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: AB_2227995; AB_2243455; AB_631736; AB_631746; AB_637828; BAX; BcL-2; apoptosis; caspase-3; ischemia/reperfusion injury; rehabilitation