title: Integration of nickel doping with loading on graphene for enhanced adsorptive and catalytic properties of CdS nanoparticles towards visible light degradation of some antibiotics.
abstract: Water dispersible, highly efficient nickel doped CdS nanoparticles anchored on graphene nanosheets as a photocatalyst for cephalexin and sulfamethoxazole photodegradation have been prepared in a facile microwave-furnace assisted method. Each one of the two modifications has played a critical role in nanocomposite functioning. Defects originated by dopant boosted the lifetime of carriers and thereupon graphene matrix transferred them to contribute effectively the photocatalytic process. Characterization results revealed the formation of monocrystalline hexagonal phase of all products and that both doping and loading on graphene have red-shifted the absorption edge of CdS towards the visible light region. Furthermore, FTIR confirmed the successful reduction of graphene oxide by the subsequent preparation steps. Adsorption isotherms revealed the role of graphene in enhancing substrate adsorption. Nevertheless, dissimilar pathways of catalytic degradation were observed on the doped composite as cephalexin oxidation was principally mediated by the hole-hydroxyl radical mechanism, sulfamethoxazole oxidation favored the superoxide radical mechanism. This composite has shown, however, a high photostability and minimized ions release of the composite.
authors: Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: m-darwish@razi.tums.ac.ir.
authors: Maher
authors: M
authors: Darwish
authors: Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: alimohammadi@tums.ac.ir.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Mohammadi
authors: Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: navid_a30@yahoo.com.
authors: Navid
authors: N
authors: Assi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002104:Cadmium; D002506:Cephalexin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D008872:Microwaves; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D010782:Photolysis; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D013455:Sulfur
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D013455:Sulfur; D006108:Graphite; D009532:Nickel; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole; D002506:Cephalexin
keywords: CdS; Graphene; Ni doped; Photocatalyst; Visible light