title: Diet Supplementation with Allicin Protects against Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice by Improving Anti-inflammation and Antioxidative Functions.
abstract: This study investigated the liver-protective effects of allicin, an active compound in fresh garlic, against alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and liver inflammation. Its effects were investigated in an AFLD model in male C57BL/6 mice, which were fed Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing ethanol. Allicin (5 and 20 mg/kg bw/day) was orally administered daily in the AFLD mice for 4 weeks. The results indicate that allicin promotes hepatoprotection by significantly reducing aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels (p < 0.05) in the plasma, which are key indicators of liver damage. Allicin reduced fat accumulation, increased glutathione and catalase levels, and decreased microsomal protein cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) expression (p < 0.05) in the livers of the AFLD mice. Furthermore, allicin supplementation significantly decreased the levels of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 and suppressed the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) (p < 0.05). Additionally, it improved the hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity (p < 0.05). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that allicin attenuates liver oxidative stress and inflammation.
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Suraphan
authors: S
authors: Panyod
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Wei-Kai
authors: WK
authors: Wu
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Food Science, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States.
authors: Chi-Tang
authors: CT
authors: Ho
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Kuan-Hung
authors: KH
authors: Lu
authors: Product and Process Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute , Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors: Chun-Ting
authors: CT
authors: Liu
authors: International Master's Degree Program in Food Science, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology , Pingtung, Taiwan.
authors: Yung-Lin
authors: YL
authors: Chu
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Hospitality Management, Yu Da University of Science and Technology , Miaoli, Taiwan.
authors: Yi-Syuan
authors: YS
authors: Lai
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Wei-Cheng
authors: WC
authors: Chen
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Yu-En
authors: YE
authors: Lin
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Shih-Hang
authors: SH
authors: Lin
authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.|Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.|National Center for Food Safety Education and Research, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Lee-Yan
authors: LY
authors: Sheen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002374:Catalase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004220:Disulfides; D000431:Ethanol; D005235:Fatty Liver, Alcoholic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013441:Sulfinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004220:Disulfides; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020011:Protective Agents; C497388:Srebf1 protein, mouse; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D013441:Sulfinic Acids; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C006452:allicin; D000431:Ethanol; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: alcoholic fatty liver disease; allicin; hepatic steatosis; liver antioxidant; liver inflammation