title: Trends and Correlates of Cannabis-involved Emergency Department Visits: 2004 to 2011.
abstract: To examine trends and correlates of cannabis-involved emergency department (ED) visits in the United States from 2004 to 2011.
  
  
  
  Data were obtained from the 2004 to 2011 Drug Abuse Warning Network. We analyzed trend in cannabis-involved ED visits for persons aged ≥12 years and stratified by type of cannabis involvement (cannabis-only, cannabis-polydrug). We used logistic regressions to determine correlates of cannabis-involved hospitalization versus cannabis-involved ED visits only.
  
  
  
  Between 2004 and 2011, the ED visit rate increased from 51 to 73 visits per 100,000 population aged ≥12 years for cannabis-only use (P value for trend = 0.004) and from 63 to 100 for cannabis-polydrug use (P value for trend < 0.001). Adolescents aged 12-17 years showed the largest increase in the cannabis-only-involved ED visit rate (rate difference = 80 per 100,000 adolescents). Across racial/ethnic groups, the most prevalent ED visits were noted among non-Hispanic blacks. Among cannabis-involved visits, the odds of hospitalization (vs ED visits only) increased with age strata compared with age 12 to 17 years.
  
  
  
  These findings suggest a notable increase in the ED visit numbers and rates for both the use of cannabis-only and cannabis-polydrug during the studied period, particularly among young people and non-Hispanic blacks.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (HZ, L-TW); Department of Medicine (L-TW), Division of General Internal Medicine; Duke Clinical Research Institute (L-TW), Duke University Medical Center; Center for Child and Family Policy (L-TW), Sanford School of Public Policy; and Duke Institute for Brain Sciences (L-TW), Duke University, Durham, NC.
authors: He
authors: H
authors: Zhu
authors: Li-Tzy
authors: LT
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002188:Cannabis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult