title: Relationship between Bone-Specific Physical Activity Scores and Measures for Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Healthy Young College Women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between bone-specific physical activity (BPAQ) scores, body composition, and bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy young college women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-three college women (21.7 ± 1.8 years; 162.1 ± 4.6 cm; 53.9 ± 5.8 kg) between the ages of 19 and 26 years were recruited from the universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi province, South Korea. We used dual energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and proximal femur BMD (left side; total hip, femoral neck). The BPAQ scores (past, pBPAQ; current, cBPAQ; total, tBPAQ) were used to obtain a comprehensive account of lifetime physical activity related to bone health. We used X-scan plus II instrumentation to measure height (cm), weight (kg), fat free mass (FFM, kg), percent body fat (%), and body mass index (BMI). Participants were asked to record their 24-hour food intake in a questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were positive correlations between BPAQ scores and total hip (pBPAQ r = 0.308, p = 0.008; tBPAQ, r = 0.286, p = 0.014) and FN BMD (pBPAQ r = 0.309, p = 0.008; tBPAQ, r = 0.311, p = 0.007), while no significant relationships were found in cBPAQ (p > 0.05). When FFM, Vitamin D intake, cBPAQ, pBPAQ, and tBPAQ were included in a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, FFM and pBPAQ were predictors of total hip, accounting for 16% (p = 0.024), while FFM and tBPAQ predicted 14% of the variance in FN (p = 0.015). Only FFM predicted 15% of the variance in L2-L4 (p = 0.004). There was a positive correlation between Vitamin D intake and L2-L4 (p = 0.025), but other dietary intakes variables were not significant (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BPAQ-derived physical activity scores and FFM were positively associated with total hip and FN BMD in healthy young college women. Our study suggests that osteoporosis awareness and effective bone healthy behaviors for college women are required to prevent serious bone diseases later in life.
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts, 01854, United States of America.
authors: SoJung
authors: S
authors: Kim
authors: Sports and Health Care Major, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si, 27469, Korea.
authors: Wi-Young
authors: WY
authors: So
authors: Health and Rehabilitation Major, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Korea.
authors: Jooyoung
authors: J
authors: Kim
authors: Division of Sport Science, College of Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, 27478, Korea.
authors: Dong Jun
authors: DJ
authors: Sung
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013334:Students; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014495:Universities; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult