title: Epidemiology of multidrug resistant bacterial organisms and Clostridium difficile in German hospitals in 2014: Results from a nationwide one-day point prevalence of 329 German hospitals.
abstract: One important aspect in combatting resistance to antibiotics is to increase the awareness and knowledge by epidemiological studies. We therefore conducted a German-wide point-prevalence survey for multidrug resistant bacterial organisms (MDROs) and Clostridium difficile (CD) to assess the epidemiology and structure quality of infection control in German hospitals.
  
  
  
  1550 hospitals were asked to participate and to report surveillance data on the prevalence of Methicillin-resistant and Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, VRSA/GRSA), Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis/faecium (VRE), multiresistant strains of Escherichia coli (EC), Klebsiella spp. (KS), Enterobacter spp. (ES), Acinetobacter spp. (AB) and Pseudomonas spp. (PS). as well as CD infections.
  
  
  
  Surveys from 73,983 patients from 329 hospitals were eligible for analysis. MRSA was the most often reported pathogen (prevalence: 1.64 % [CI95: 1.46-1.82]), followed by 3 multidrug resistant EC (3MRGN-EC) (0.75 % [CI95: 0.60-0.89]), CD (0.74 % [CI95: 0.60-0.88]), VRE (0.25 % [CI95: 0.13-0.37]) und 3MRGN-KS (0.22 % [CI95: [0.15-0.29]). The majority of hospitals met the German recommendations for staffing with infection control personnel.
  
  
  
  The continuing increase in participating hospitals in this third survey in a row indicates a growing awareness to MDROs and our pragmatic approach. Our results confirm that MRSA, 3MRGN-EC, VRE and 3MRGN-KS remain the most prevalent MDROs in German hospitals.
authors: Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 49a, 17475, Greifswald, Germany. nhuebner@uni-greifswald.de.|IMD laboratory network, MVZ Greifswald GmbH, 17489, Greifswald, Germany. nhuebner@uni-greifswald.de.
authors: Nils-Olaf
authors: NO
authors: Huebner
authors: Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 49a, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Kathleen
authors: K
authors: Dittmann
authors: Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 49a, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Vivien
authors: V
authors: Henck
authors: Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 49a, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Wegner
authors: Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 49a, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
authors: Axel
authors: A
authors: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016360:Clostridioides difficile; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D015995:Prevalence; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: CD; ESBL; HICARE-network; Infection control staff; MDROs; MRSA; Point prevalence; Type of screening; VRE