title: A novel method of sampling gingival crevicular fluid from a mouse model of periodontitis.
abstract: Using a mouse model of silk ligature-induced periodontal disease (PD), we report a novel method of sampling mouse gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) to evaluate the time-dependent secretion patterns of bone resorption-related cytokines. GCF is a serum transudate containing host-derived biomarkers which can represent cellular response in the periodontium. As such, human clinical evaluations of PD status rely on sampling this critical secretion. At the same time, a method of sampling GCF from mice is absent, hindering the translational value of mouse models of PD. Therefore, we herein report a novel method of sampling GCF from a mouse model of periodontitis, involving a series of easy steps. First, the original ligature used for induction of PD was removed, and a fresh ligature for sampling GCF was placed in the gingival crevice for 10min. Immediately afterwards, the volume of GCF collected in the sampling ligature was measured using a high precision weighing balance. The sampling ligature containing GCF was then immersed in a solution of PBS-Tween 20 and subjected to ELISA. This enabled us to monitor the volume of GCF and detect time-dependent changes in the expression of such cytokines as IL-1b, TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL, and OPG associated with the levels of alveolar bone loss, as reflected in GCF collected from a mouse model of PD. Therefore, this novel GCF sampling method can be used to measure various cytokines in GCF relative to the dynamic changes in periodontal bone loss induced in a mouse model of PD.
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Periodontology, Hiroshima University Faculty of Dentistry, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors: Shinji
authors: S
authors: Matsuda
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors: Alexandru
authors: A
authors: Movila
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA; College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors: Maiko
authors: M
authors: Suzuki
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Periodontology, Hiroshima University Faculty of Dentistry, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors: Mikihito
authors: M
authors: Kajiya
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Wichaya
authors: W
authors: Wisitrasameewong
authors: King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Rayyan
authors: R
authors: Kayal
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors: Josefine
authors: J
authors: Hirshfeld
authors: King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Ayman
authors: A
authors: Al-Dharrab
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA; Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontology, Jawa Timur, Indonesia.
authors: Irma J
authors: IJ
authors: Savitri
authors: King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Abdulghani
authors: A
authors: Mira
authors: Department of Periodontology, Hiroshima University Faculty of Dentistry, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors: Hidemi
authors: H
authors: Kurihara
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors: Martin A
authors: MA
authors: Taubman
authors: The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: tkawai@forsyth.org.
authors: Toshihisa
authors: T
authors: Kawai
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000473:pathology*; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Gingival crevicular fluid; Ligature-induced periodontal disease; Mice; Periodontal disease