title: Comorbidities in Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comparative Registries-Based Study.
abstract: To compare the prevalence of the main comorbidities in 2 large cohorts of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with a focus on cardiovascular (CV) diseases.
  
  
  
  This was a cross-sectional multicenter study where the prevalence of more relevant comorbidities in 2 cohorts was compared. Patients under followup from SJOGRENSER (Spanish Rheumatology Society Registry of Primary SS) and RELESSER (Spanish Rheumatology Society Registry of SLE), and who fulfilled the 2002 American-European Consensus Group and 1997 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria, respectively, were included. A binomial logistic regression analysis was carried out to explore potential differences, making general adjustments for age, sex, and disease duration and specific adjustments for each variable, including CV risk factors and treatments, when appropriate.
  
  
  
  A total of 437 primary SS patients (95% female) and 2,926 SLE patients (89% female) were included. The mean age was 58.6 years (interquartile range [IQR] 50.0-69.9 years) for primary SS patients and 45.1 years (IQR 36.4-56.3 years) for SLE patients (P < 0.001), and disease duration was 10.4 years (IQR 6.0-16.7 years) and 13.0 years (IQR 7.45-19.76 years), respectively (P < 0.001). Smoking, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension were associated less frequently with primary SS (odds ratio [OR] 0.36 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.28-0.48], 0.74 [95% CI 0.58-0.94], and 0.50 [95% CI 0.38-0.66], respectively) as were life-threatening CV events (i.e., stroke or myocardial infarction; OR 0.57 [95% CI 0.35-0.92]). Conversely, lymphoma was associated more frequently with primary SS (OR 4.41 [95% CI 1.35-14.43]). The prevalence of severe infection was lower in primary SS than in SLE (10.1% versus 16.9%; OR 0.54 [95% CI 0.39-0.76]; P < 0.001).
  
  
  
  Primary SS patients have a consistently less serious CV comorbidity burden and a lower prevalence of severe infection than those with SLE. In contrast, their risk of lymphoma is greater.
authors: Doctor Negrín Hospital of Gran Canaria, Spain.
authors: Iñigo
authors: I
authors: Rúa-Figueroa
authors: Infanta Sofía Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Mónica
authors: M
authors: Fernández Castro
authors: Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: José L
authors: JL
authors: Andreu
authors: Spanish Society of Rheumatology, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Sanchez-Piedra
authors: Marqués de Valdecilla Hospital, Santander, Spain.
authors: Víctor
authors: V
authors: Martínez-Taboada
authors: Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: Olivé
authors: Gregorio Marañón Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: López-Longo
authors: Marina Baixa Hospital, Villajoyosa, Alicante, Spain.
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Rosas
authors: 12 Octubre Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: María
authors: M
authors: Galindo
authors: Araba Hospital, Vitoria, Spain.
authors: Jaime
authors: J
authors: Calvo-Alén
authors: Carlos Haya Hospital, Málaga, Spain.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Fernández-Nebro
authors: Spanish Society of Rheumatology, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Alonso
authors: University Hospital of Canarias, Tenerife, Spain.
authors: Beatriz
authors: B
authors: Rodríguez-Lozano
authors: La Princesa Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Jesús
authors: J
authors: Alberto García Vadillo
authors: Jerez de la Frontera General Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
authors: Raúl
authors: R
authors: Menor
authors: Bellvitge Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Francisco Javier
authors: FJ
authors: Narváez
authors: Doctor Negrín Hospital of Gran Canaria, Spain.
authors: Celia
authors: C
authors: Erausquin
authors: Virgen de la Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain.
authors: Ángel
authors: Á
authors: García-Aparicio
authors: La Princesa Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Tomero
authors: Carlos Haya Hospital, Málaga, Spain.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Manrique-Arija
authors: Navarra Hospital, Pamplona, Spain.
authors: Loreto
authors: L
authors: Horcada
authors: Donosti Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain.
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Uriarte
authors: Alicante General Hospital, Spain.
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: Gil
authors: Marqués de Valdecilla Hospital, Santander, Spain.
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Blanco
authors: Virgen de la Concha Hospital, Zamora, Spain.
authors: Ruth
authors: R
authors: López-González
authors: Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Alina
authors: A
authors: Boteanu
authors: Juan Canalejo Hospital, A Coruña, Spain.
authors: Mercedes
authors: M
authors: Freire
authors: Parc-Taulí Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Galisteo
authors: Hospital Complex of Orense, Spain.
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Rodríguez-Gómez
authors: León Hospital, León, Spain.
authors: Elvira
authors: E
authors: Díez-Álvarez
authors: Hospital Complex of Vigo and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Vigo, Spain.
authors: José M
authors: JM
authors: Pego-Reigosa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012042:Registries; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*