title: Strychnos pseudoquina A. St. Hil.: a Brazilian medicinal plant with promising in vitro antiherpes activity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the anti-HSV and anti-inflammatory effects of a standardized ethyl acetate extract (SEAE) prepared with the stem bark of Strychnos pseudoquina, along with two isolated compounds: quercetin 3-O-methyl ether (3MQ) and strychnobiflavone (SBF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mechanisms of action were evaluated by different methodological strategies. SEAE and SBF affected the early stages of viral infection and reduced HSV-1 protein expression. Both flavonoids elicited a concentration-dependent inhibition of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), whereas 3MQ reduced the chemokine release more significantly than SBF. Conversely, both compounds stimulated the production of the cytokines TNF-α and IL-1-β in LPS-stimulated cells, especially at the intermediate and the highest tested concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SEAE and SBF interfered with various steps of HSV replication cycle, mainly adsorption, postadsorption and penetration, as well as with β and γ viral proteins expression; moreover, a direct inactivation of viral particles was observed. Besides, both flavonoids inhibited MCP-1 selectively, a feature that may be beneficial for the development of new anti-HSV agents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that the samples present anti-HSV and anti-inflammatory activities, at different levels, which is an interesting feature since cold and genital sores are accompanied by an inflammation process.
authors: Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Boff
authors: Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: I T
authors: IT
authors: Silva
authors: Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: D F
authors: DF
authors: Argenta
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
authors: L M
authors: LM
authors: Farias
authors: Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: L F
authors: LF
authors: Alvarenga
authors: Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Pádua
authors: Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: F C
authors: FC
authors: Braga
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
authors: J P V
authors: JP
authors: Leite
authors: Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Kratz
authors: Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: C M O
authors: CM
authors: Simões
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D002460:Cell Line; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D031451:Strychnos / Q000737:chemistry*; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D044946:Biflavonoids; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; C459210:quercetin 3-O-methyl ether; C000615785:strychnobiflavone; D011794:Quercetin
keywords: 
  Strychnos pseudoquina
  ; HSV-1; HSV-2; quercetin 3-O-methyl ether; standardized extract; strychnobiflavone