title: [Research progress in the third-generation genomic editing technology - CRISPR/Cas9].
abstract: CRISPR/Cas9 technology originated from type II CRISPR/Cas system, which is widely found in bacteria and equips them with acquired immunity against viruses and plasmids. CRISPR-associated protein Cas9 is a RNA-guided endonuclease, which can efficiently introduce double-strand breaks at specific sites and activate homologous recombination and/or non-homologous end joining mechanism for the repair of impaired DNA. Features such as easy-to-use, cost-effectiveness, multiple targeting ability have made it the third-generation genomic engineering tool following ZFNs and TALENs. Here the history of discovery and molecular mechanism of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology are reviewed. The rapid advance in its various applications, especially for the treatment of human genetic disorders, as well as some concomitant problems are discussed.
authors: Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China. Email: kongxd@263.net.
authors: Yalan
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Yanan
authors: Y
authors: Zong
authors: Xiangdong
authors: X
authors: Kong
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics*; D000072669:Gene Editing / Q000379:methods*; D015894:Genome, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results