title: Trends and Age-Period-Cohort Effects on the Incidence and Mortality Rate of Cervical Cancer in Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to describe the trends and age-period-cohort effects on the incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  The incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer among ≥ 20-year-old women from 1993 to 2012 were obtained from the Korea Central Cancer Registry and the Korean Statistical Information Service. Age-standardized rates were calculated and Joinpoint regression was used to evaluate the trends in the incidence and mortality rate. Age-period-cohort analysis was performed to investigate the independent effects of age, period and cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of cervical cancer decreased from 32.8 per 100,000 in 1993 to 15.9 per 100,000 in 2012 (annual percent change [APC], -3.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.2% to -3.6%). The mortality rate decreased from 5.2 per 100,000 in 1993 to 2.1 per 100,000 in 2012 (APC, -4.8%; 95% CI, -5.1% to -4.4%); however, the incidence and mortality rates among young women (< 30 years old) increased. An age-period-cohort model of the incidence and mortality rate showed decreasing period effects between 1993 and 2008 and decreasing cohort effects between 1928 and 1973, while birth cohorts after 1973 exhibited slight increases in the incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recent decreases in the incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer were due to decreases in the period and cohort effects, which reflect the implementation of a cancer screening program and changes in lifestyle. However, our findings also highlighted an increase in cohort effects on the incidence and mortality rate among young women born after 1973.
authors: Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Eun-Kyeong
authors: EK
authors: Moon
authors: Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Chang-Mo
authors: CM
authors: Oh
authors: Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.|Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Young-Joo
authors: YJ
authors: Won
authors: Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Jong-Keun
authors: JK
authors: Lee
authors: Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Kyu-Won
authors: KW
authors: Jung
authors: Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.|Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Hyunsoon
authors: H
authors: Cho
authors: Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.|Cancer Information and Education Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Jae Kwan
authors: JK
authors: Jun
authors: Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.|Center for Uterine Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.|Gynecologic Cancer Branch, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Myong Cheol
authors: MC
authors: Lim
authors: Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors: Moran
authors: M
authors: Ki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015988:Cohort Effect; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012042:Registries; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Age-period-cohort analysis; Incidence; Mortality; Trends; Uterine cervical neoplasms