title: Resistance exercise increases intramuscular NF-κb signaling in untrained males.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The NF-κB signaling pathway regulates multiple cellular processes following exercise stress. This study aims to examine the effects of an acute lower-body resistance exercise protocol and subsequent recovery on intramuscular NF-κB signaling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight untrained males were assigned to either a control (CON; n = 11) or exercise group (EX; n = 17) and completed a lower-body resistance exercise protocol consisting of the back squat, leg press, and leg extension exercises. Skeletal muscle microbiopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis pre-exercise (PRE), 1-hour (1H), 5-hours (5H), and 48-hours (48H) post-resistance exercise. Multiplex signaling assay kits (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) were used to quantify the total protein (TNFR1, c-Myc) or phosphorylation status of proteins belonging to the NF-κB signaling pathway (IKKa/b, IkBα, NF-κB) using multiplex protein assay. Repeated measures ANOVA analysis was used to determine the effects of the exercise bout on intramuscular signaling at each time point. Additionally, change scores were analyzed by magnitude based inferences to determine a mechanistic interpretation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a trend for a two-way interaction between the EX and CON Group (p = 0.064) for c-Myc post resistance exercise. Magnitude based inference analysis suggest a "Very Likely" increase in total c-Myc from PRE-5H and a "Likely" increase in IkBα phosphorylation from PRE-5H post-resistance exercise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicated that c-Myc transcription factor is elevated following acute intense resistance exercise in untrained males. Future studies should examine the role that post-resistance exercise NF-κβ signaling plays in c-Myc induction, ribosome biogenesis and skeletal muscle regeneration.
authors: Exercise and Nutrition Science Graduate Program, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN, 37215, USA.
authors: Jeremy R
authors: JR
authors: Townsend
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA. Jeffrey.Stout@ucf.edu.
authors: Jeffrey R
authors: JR
authors: Stout
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: Adam R
authors: AR
authors: Jajtner
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: David D
authors: DD
authors: Church
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: Kyle S
authors: KS
authors: Beyer
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: Leonardo P
authors: LP
authors: Oliveira
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: Michael B
authors: MB
authors: La Monica
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: Joshua J
authors: JJ
authors: Riffe
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: Tyler W D
authors: TW
authors: Muddle
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: Kayla M
authors: KM
authors: Baker
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: David H
authors: DH
authors: Fukuda
authors: Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
authors: Michael D
authors: MD
authors: Roberts
authors: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
authors: Jay R
authors: JR
authors: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000379:methods*; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B
keywords: Immune function; Muscle damage; Recovery; Ribosome biogenesis