title: Contraception with RISUG®and functional reversal through DMSO and NaHCO3in male rabbits.
abstract: The study aimed to evaluate reversal of short- and long-term vas occlusion with reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance (RISUG) using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Animals were divided into seven groups containing five animals each. Fortnightly, semen analysis revealed that sperm concentration and output steadily declined after vas occlusion and complete azoospermia was attained at 30-60 days postinjection. Spermatozoa reappeared at 60-75 days of reversal and normozoospermia was noticed between 135 days and 150 days in the reversal groups. All spermatozoa were found nonmotile prior to azoospermia and a gradual recovery in sperm motility was observed between 105 days and 135 days of reversal. A significant decline in viability of sperms was noticed during vas occlusion up to 30-60 days which recovered at 60-75 days postreversal and normalized by 75-105 days in the reversal groups. A significant enhancement in the sperm abnormalities was recorded in all vas occluded animals as well as those in initial periods of reversal. Other parameters, namely, semen volume, ejaculation time, pH, color, and consistency, remained unaltered during all phases of the study. Fertility test, at the intervals of 15 days, demonstrated that animals exhibited complete sterility during the entire period of vas occlusion. A gradual recovery in fertility was observed with the appearance of spermatozoa following vas occlusion reversal and 100% fertility was observed following 135-150 days of reversal. F1 progeny of reversed animals was found normal. The results suggest that reversal with DMSO or NaHCO3 is feasible, with normal progeny, following short- and long-term contraception.
authors: Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, Rajasthan, India.
authors: Abdul S
authors: AS
authors: Ansari
authors: Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, Rajasthan, India.
authors: Ayesha
authors: A
authors: Badar
authors: Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, Rajasthan, India.
authors: Krithika
authors: K
authors: Balasubramanian
authors: Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, Rajasthan, India.
authors: Nirmal K
authors: NK
authors: Lohiya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000139:chemically induced; D003267:Contraception; D003272:Contraceptive Agents, Male / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D011108:Polymers; D011247:Pregnancy; D011817:Rabbits; D055101:Semen Analysis; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000187:drug effects; D014659:Vasectomy / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003272:Contraceptive Agents, Male; D011108:Polymers; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide