title: Strengthening population health interventions: developing the CollaboraKTion Framework for Community-Based Knowledge Translation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Much of the research and theorising in the knowledge translation (KT) field has focused on clinical settings, providing little guidance to those working in community settings. In this study, we build on previous research in community-based KT by detailing the theory driven and empirically-informed CollaboraKTion framework.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case study design and ethnographic methods were utilised to gain an in-depth understanding of the processes for conducting a community-based KT study as a means to distilling the CollaboraKTion framework. Drawing on extensive field notes describing fieldwork observations and interactions as well as evidence from the participatory research and KT literature, we detail the processes and steps undertaken in this community-based KT study as well as their rationale and the challenges encountered. In an effort to build upon existing knowledge, Kitson and colleagues' co-KT framework, which provides guidance for conducting KT aimed at addressing population-level health, was applied as a coding structure to inform the current analysis. This approach was selected because it (1) supported the application of an existing community-based KT framework to empirical data and (2) provided an opportunity to contribute to the theory and practice gaps in the community-based KT literature through an inductively derived empirical example.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis revealed that community-based KT is an iterative process that can be viewed as comprising five overarching processes: (1) contacting and connecting; (2) deepening understandings; (3) adapting and applying the knowledge base; (4) supporting and evaluating continued action; and (5) transitioning and embedding as well as several key elements within each of these processes (e.g. building on existing knowledge, establishing partnerships). These empirically informed theory advancements in KT and participatory research traditions are summarised in the CollaboraKTion framework. We suggest that community-based KT researchers place less emphasis on enhancing uptake of specific interventions and focus on collaboratively identifying and creating changes to the contextual factors that influence health outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CollaboraKTion framework can be used to guide the development, implementation and evaluation of contextually relevant, evidence-informed initiatives aimed at improving population health, amid providing a foundation to leverage future research and practice in this emergent KT area.
authors: University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada. emily.jenkins@ubc.ca.
authors: Emily K
authors: EK
authors: Jenkins
authors: Western University, School of Health Studies, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Health Sciences Building, Rm. 222, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
authors: Anita
authors: A
authors: Kothari
authors: University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada.
authors: Vicky
authors: V
authors: Bungay
authors: Simon Fraser University, Office of the Vice-President, Research, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
authors: Joy L
authors: JL
authors: Johnson
authors: University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada.
authors: John L
authors: JL
authors: Oliffe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D019359:Knowledge; D010358:Patient Participation; D011634:Public Health; D012107:Research Design; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
keywords: Community; Community-based knowledge translation; Framework; Integrated knowledge translation; Knowledge translation; Population health; Public health