title: Halopiger thermotolerans sp. nov., a thermo-tolerant haloarchaeon isolated from commercial salt.
abstract: Three thermo-tolerant halophilic archaeal strains, SR-441T, SR-412 and SR-188, were isolated from commercial salt samples. Cells were non-motile pleomorphic rod-shaped, and stained Gram-negative. Colonies were pink-pigmented. The three strains were able to grow with 1.7-4.6 M NaCl (optimum, 2.5 M), at pH 6.5-9.0 (optimum, pH 8.0) and at 35-60 °C (optimum, 45 °C). The orthologous 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities amongst the three strains were 98.8-99.3 %, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness was 71-74 and 72-75 % (reciprocally). The closest relative was Halopiger aswanensis JCM 11628T with 98.6 %-99.1 % similarity in the orthologous 16S rRNA gene sequences, followed by two more Halopiger species, Halopiger xanaduensis JCM 14033T (98.5 %-99.1 %) and Halopiger salifodinae JCM 9578T (95.5 %-95.6 %). DNA-DNA relatednesses between the three strains and H. aswanensis JCM 11628T and H. xanaduensis JCM 14033T were 61 and 54 %, respectively. The polar lipids of the three novel strains were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, and bis-sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1. The most distinctive feature of the three strains was the ability to grow at 60 °C, while the maximum growth temperature of H. aswanensis is 55 °C. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halopiger, for which the name Halopiger thermotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SR-441T (=JCM 19583T=KCTC 4248T) isolated from solar salt produced in Australia. SR-412 (=JCM 19582) and SR-188 (=JCM 19581) isolated from commercial salt samples are additional strains of the species.
authors: Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.|Research Institute of Industrial Technology, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.|Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Minegishi
authors: Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
authors: Ryuta
authors: R
authors: Shimogaki
authors: Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
authors: Shigeaki
authors: S
authors: Enomoto
authors: Research Institute of Industrial Technology, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.|Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
authors: Akinobu
authors: A
authors: Echigo
authors: Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
authors: Yusuke
authors: Y
authors: Kondo
authors: Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
authors: Shuhei
authors: S
authors: Nagaoka
authors: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors: Yasuhiro
authors: Y
authors: Shimane
authors: Halophiles Research Institute, 677-1 Shimizu, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0043, Japan.
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Kamekura
authors: RIKEN BioResource Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Itoh
authors: RIKEN BioResource Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan.
authors: Moriya
authors: M
authors: Ohkuma
authors: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors: Takuro
authors: T
authors: Nunoura
authors: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Takai
authors: Research Institute of Industrial Technology, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.|Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
authors: Ron
authors: R
authors: Usami
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D001482:Base Composition; D019641:DNA, Archaeal / Q000235:genetics; D019766:Genes, Archaeal; D006216:Halobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D010858:Pigmentation; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012965:Sodium Chloride
chemical_list: D019641:DNA, Archaeal; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012965:Sodium Chloride