title: Oxygen-Content-Controllable Graphene Oxide from Electron-Beam-Irradiated Graphite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Removal of Aqueous Lead [Pb(II)].
abstract: A high-energy electron beam was applied to irradiate graphite for the preparation of graphene oxide (GO) with a controllable oxygen content. The obtained GO sheets were analyzed with various characterization tools. The results revealed that the oxygen-containing groups of GO increased with increasing irradiation dosages. Hence, oxygen-content-controllable synthesis of GO can be realized by changing the irradiation dosages. The GO sheets with different irradiation dosages were then used to adsorb aqueous Pb(II). The effects of contact time, pH, initial lead ion concentration, and ionic strength on Pb(II) sorption onto different GO sheets were examined. The sorption process was found to be very fast (completed within 20 min) at pH 5.0. Except ionic strength, which showed no/little effect on lead sorption, the other factors affected the sorption of aqueous Pb(II) onto GO. The maximum Pb(II) sorption capacities of GO increased with irradiation dosages, confirming that electron-beam irradiation was an effective way to increase the oxygen content of GO. These results suggested that irradiated GO with a controllable oxygen content is a promising nanomaterial for environmental cleanup, particularly for the treatment of cationic metal ions, such as Pb(II).
authors: Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.|Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Bai
authors: Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.|College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agricultural and Forest University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
authors: Huimin
authors: H
authors: Sun
authors: Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiaojie
authors: X
authors: Yin
authors: Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.|College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agricultural and Forest University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xianqiang
authors: X
authors: Yin
authors: Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors: Shengsen
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors: Anne Elise
authors: AE
authors: Creamer
authors: Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
authors: Lijun
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhi
authors: Z
authors: Qin
authors: College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: He
authors: Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Gao
keywords: Pb(II); electron irradiation; graphene; heavy metal; sorption