title: The expression of microRNA 574-3p as a predictor of postoperative outcome in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite advances in radical esophagectomies and adjuvant therapy, the postoperative prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients remains poor. The aim of this study was to identify a molecular signature to predict postoperative favorable outcomes in patients with ESCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  As a training data set, total RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of surgically removed specimens from 19 ESCC patients who underwent curative esophagectomy. The expression of microRNA (miRNA) was detected using a miRNA oligo chip on which 885 genes were mounted. As a validation data set, we obtained frozen samples of surgically resected tumors from 12 independent ESCC patients and the expression of miR-574-3p was detected by quantitative real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our microarray analysis in the training set patients identified three miRNAs (miR-574-3p, miR-106b, and miR-1303) and five miRNAs (miR-1203, miR-1909, miR-204, miR-371-3p, miR-886-3p) which were differentially expressed between the patients with (n = 14) and without (n = 5) postoperative tumor relapse (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Higher expression of miR-574-3p, which showed the most significant association with non-relapse (p = 0.001), was associated with favorable overall survival (p = 0.016). Real-time PCR experiments on the validation set patients confirmed that higher expression of miR-574-3p was associated with non-tumor relapse (p = 0.029) and better overall survival (p = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the aberrant expression of the miRNAs identified in this study plays key roles in the progression of ESCC. miR-574-3p was suggested to have a tumor suppressor effect, and thus, to be a predictor of postoperative outcome in patients with ESCC.
authors: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan. okumura@med.u-toyama.ac.jp.
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Okumura
authors: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
authors: Hirohumi
authors: H
authors: Kojima
authors: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Miwa
authors: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Sekine
authors: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
authors: Isaya
authors: I
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
authors: Shozo
authors: S
authors: Hojo
authors: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
authors: Takuya
authors: T
authors: Nagata
authors: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.|Department of Nanobio Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D016629:Esophagectomy; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C558811:MIRN574 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Esophageal cancer; Prognostic marker; Squamous cell carcinoma; Surgery; miRNA