title: Sake yeast YHR032W/ERC1 haplotype contributes to high S-adenosylmethionine accumulation in sake yeast strains.
abstract: Sake yeasts are ideally suited for sake making, producing higher levels of ethanol, proliferating at lower temperatures, and producing greater levels of various aromatic components and nutrients than laboratory yeasts. To elucidate the mechanism underlying S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) accumulation in sake yeast strains compared with that in laboratory yeast strains, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis and identified a significant QTL on chromosome VIII. Of the 165 genes mapped at 49.8 cM from the left-end DNA marker of chromosome VIII, we focused on the YHR032W/ERC1 gene, encoding a member of the multi-drug and toxin extrusion family having antiporter activity and involved in SAM accumulation and ethionine resistance. Expression of the sake yeast ERC1 haplotype (K7ERC1) in a low- and high-copy number plasmid BYΔerc1 resulted in intracellular SAM accumulation, whereas expression of the laboratory yeast ERC1 haplotype (XERC1) did not. Comparison between DNA sequences of K7ERC1 and XERC1 revealed three amino acid substitutions: S51N, V263I, and N545I. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the N545I frameshift mutation was responsible for the K7ERC1 phenotype. These results indicate that K7ERC1 contributes to SAM accumulation in sake yeast strains.
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan. Electronic address: kanai@nrib.go.jp.
authors: Muneyoshi
authors: M
authors: Kanai
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Kawata
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
authors: Yoshie
authors: Y
authors: Yoshida
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
authors: Yasuko
authors: Y
authors: Kita
authors: Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
authors: Takafumi
authors: T
authors: Ogawa
authors: Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Mizunuma
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Watanabe
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Shimoi
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
authors: Akihiro
authors: A
authors: Mizuno
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Yamada
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Fujii
authors: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
authors: Haruyuki
authors: H
authors: Iefuji
mesh_terms: D006239:Haplotypes; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine
keywords: Laboratory yeast; Quantitative trait locus; S-adenosylmethionine; Sake yeast; Single-nucleotide polymorphisms