title: Itch in Atopic Dermatitis Management.
abstract: Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) suffer from chronic inflammatory dermatitis and antihistamine-resistant itch. The management of intractable pruritus in AD is important, requiring the development of new therapeutic approaches. At present, the standard treatments for AD include topical anti-inflammatory drugs such as calcineurin inhibitors and corticosteroids. Topical emollient treatment is recommended to moisten the skin and to restore and maintain barrier function. Phototherapy is also effective in reducing the number of epidermal nerve fibers, normalizing imbalances in the levels of expression of axon guidance molecules, and inhibiting pruritus. Systemic treatments such as cyclosporine A and aprepitant are used to treat severe and intractable pruritus in AD. Clinical trials of dupilumab and CIM331 have displayed a significant reduction of pruritus in patients with AD. New antipruritic approaches are targeted to the central nervous system such as spinal interneurons and glial cells. This chapter describes therapeutic approaches for attenuating intractable itch in AD.
authors: Yayoi
authors: Y
authors: Kamata
authors: Mitsutoshi
authors: M
authors: Tominaga
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Takamori
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077608:Aprepitant; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004643:Emollients / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009025:Morpholines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010789:Phototherapy; D011537:Pruritus / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D004643:Emollients; D009025:Morpholines; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000077608:Aprepitant; C582203:dupilumab; D016572:Cyclosporine; C000612881:nemolizumab