title: Temperament and character profiles associated with depression and treatment response in patients with or without comorbid substance abuse.
abstract: There is limited knowledge on the relationship between temperament and character profiles and substance abuse comorbidity in depressed patients. We recruited 127 depressed patients without alcohol use problems (non-AUP) and 89 depressed patients with alcohol use problems (AUP). We assessed all patients using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment. Using univariate general linear models (GLMs), we analyzed differences in TCI-R between AUP and non-AUP. GLMs were also used in analyzing the associations between TCI-R changes and antidepressive treatment responses measured with changes in Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score (ΔMADRS). Alcohol use explained independently significant proportions of the variation in Novelty Seeking, Self-Directedness, and Persistence. Reward Dependence score change explained 14.1% of the ΔMADRS in AUP, but was non-significant in non-AUP. Character score changes in Self-Directedness and Self-Transcendence explained together 14.1% of ΔMADRS in non-AUP, whereas they were all non-significant in AUP. AUP compared with non-AUP patients had lower Self-Directedness and Persistence and higher Novelty Seeking scores. Detected changes in Reward Dependence and lower Self-Directedness in AUP patients could be reflective of different biological mechanisms associated with depressive symptomatology in alcohol abuse. Changes in character are associated with acute treatment response in non-AUP.
authors: University of Tampere, School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: vesa.paavonen@outlook.com.
authors: Vesa
authors: V
authors: Paavonen
authors: University of Tampere, School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors: Kaisa
authors: K
authors: Luoto
authors: Seinäjoki Hospital District, Department of Psychiatry, Huhtalantie 53, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland.
authors: Antti
authors: A
authors: Koivukangas
authors: Seinäjoki Hospital District, Department of Psychiatry, Huhtalantie 53, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland.
authors: Antero
authors: A
authors: Lassila
authors: University of Tampere, School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors: Esa
authors: E
authors: Leinonen
authors: University of Tampere, School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Seinäjoki Hospital District, Department of Psychiatry, Huhtalantie 53, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland.
authors: Olli
authors: O
authors: Kampman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002605:Character; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D013694:Temperament; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents
keywords: Alcohol abuse; Character; Major depressive disorder; Personality; Substance abuse; Temperament; Treatment response