title: The Magnitude of the Association between Human Papillomavirus and Oral Lichen Planus: A Meta-Analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of human papilloma virus (HPV) in oral lichen planus (OLP) is controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The primary aim of the current study is to calculate the pooled risk estimates of HPV infection in OLP when compared with healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bibliographic searches were conducted in three electronic databases. Articles on the association between HPV and OLP were selected from case-control studies or cross-sectional studies, following predefined criteria. Pooled data were analyzed by calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 233 publications identified, 22 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria. Collectively, 835 cases and 734 controls were available for analysis. The summary estimate showed that OLP patients have significantly higher HPV prevalence (OR: 6.83; 95% CI: 4.15-11.27) than healthy controls. In subgroup analyses, the association of HPV and OLP varied significantly by geographic populations. The ORs ranged from 2.43 to 132.04. The correlation of HPV and erosive-atrophic oral lichen planus (EA-OLP) (OR: 9.34) was comparable and well above that of HPV and non-EA-OLP (OR: 4.32). Among HPV genotypes, HPV 16 showed an extremely strong association with OLP (OR: 11.27), and HPV 18 showed a relatively strong one (OR: 6.54).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, a significant association was found between HPV and OLP. The strength of the association varied across geographic populations, clinical types of OLP, and HPV genotypes. The results suggest that HPV might play an important causal role in OLP and in its malignant to progression.
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors: Junxian
authors: J
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors: Jinshan
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors: Yan
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1857-9623
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors: Tingting
authors: T
authors: Lv
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000821:virology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000502:physiology*