title: Diabetes self-management among Arab Americans: patient and provider perspectives.
abstract: Arab Americans have a high burden of diabetes and poor outcomes compared to the general U.S.
  
  
  
  Diabetes self-management (DSM) requires a partnership between patients and providers that fosters mutual understanding and shared decision-making. Cultural factors influence this process; however, little is known regarding the cultural impact on DSM or if perceptions differ between patients and providers.
  
  
  
  Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze five focus groups-two groups with Arab American providers (n = 8) and three groups with adult Arab Americans with diabetes (n = 23). Focus groups examined patient and provider perspectives on the meaning of DSM and cultural barriers and facilitators among Arab American patients.
  
  
  
  Four distinct themes included limited resources for DSM education and support, stigma as a barrier to ongoing support, family support as an opportunity and challenge, and Arab American patient-provider relationships.
  
  
  
  Findings indicate several domains should be considered for clinical practice including a need to develop linguistically and culturally reliant educational materials and relevant supports for use in the Arab American population. Findings highlight differing views among providers and patients on the familial role in supporting DSM efforts and why some patients feel dissatisfied with clinical encounters.
authors: Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 East Ferry Street, 226 Knapp Building, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Fritz
authors: Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Ave, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. ar7975@wayne.edu.
authors: Rosanne
authors: 0000-0002-6133-3832
authors: R
authors: DiZazzo-Miller
authors: Department of Pharamacy Practice, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Ave, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Bertran
authors: Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Ave, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
authors: Fredrick D
authors: FD
authors: Pociask
authors: Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Tarakji
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, 788 Service Rd., B103 Clinical Center, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors: Judith
authors: J
authors: Arnetz
authors: Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 East Ferry Street, 226 Knapp Building, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
authors: Catherine L
authors: CL
authors: Lysack
authors: Department of Pharamacy Practice, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Ave, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
authors: Linda A
authors: LA
authors: Jaber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa; D018912:Arabs; D001290:Attitude; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D032882:Comprehension; D003469:Culture; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008877:Middle East; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010358:Patient Participation; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012648:Self Care; D012944:Social Support; D014481:United States
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Focus groups; Minority groups; Primary health care; Vulnerable populations