title: Non-invasive Investigations of Paintings by Portable Instrumentation: The MOLAB Experience.
abstract: The in situ non invasive methods have experienced a significant development in the last decade because they meet specific needs of analytical chemistry in the field of cultural heritage where  artworks are rarely moved from their locations, sampling is rarely permitted, and analytes are a wide range of inorganic, organic and organometallic substances in complex and precious matrices. MOLAB, a unique collection of integrated mobile instruments, has greatly contributed to demonstrate that it is now possible to obtain satisfactory results in the study of a variety of heritage objects without sampling or moving them to a laboratory. The current chapter describes an account of these results with particular attention to ancient, modern, and contemporary paintings. Several non-invasive methods by portable equipment, including XRF, mid- and near-FTIR, UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy, as well as XRD, are discussed in detail along with their impact on our understanding of painting materials and execution techniques. Examples of successful applications are given, both for point analyses and hyperspectral imaging approaches. Lines for future perspectives are finally drawn.
authors: Centro di Eccellenza SMAArt (Scientific Methodologies Applied to Archaeology and Art), Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy. bruno@dyn.unipg.it.|Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy. bruno@dyn.unipg.it.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Brunetti
authors: Centro di Eccellenza SMAArt (Scientific Methodologies Applied to Archaeology and Art), Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.|Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Miliani
authors: Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Rosi
authors: Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Doherty
authors: Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Monico
authors: Centro di Eccellenza SMAArt (Scientific Methodologies Applied to Archaeology and Art), Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.|Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Romani
authors: Centro di Eccellenza SMAArt (Scientific Methodologies Applied to Archaeology and Art), Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.|Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Sgamellotti
mesh_terms: D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D007753:Laboratories; D010151:Paintings; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents
keywords: Binding media; FTIR; Pigment; Raman spectroscopy; UV–Vis spectroscopy; X-ray fluorescence