title: Simultaneous detection of pH value and glucose concentrations for wound monitoring applications.
abstract: Aging population and longer life expectancy are the main reasons for an increasing number of patients with wound problems. Although the interest in wound care increases continuously, wound management still remains a challenge mainly due to the higher occurrence of chronic wounds, which require intensive care and constant monitoring. Here, we demonstrate a fluorescent sensing system to monitor the wound status and to distinguish between an autonomously healing and a chronic wound at an early stage. The system allows monitoring two of the most relevant fluctuating wound parameters during the healing process which are pH and glucose concentration. A fluorescent pH indicator dye, carboxynaphthofluorescein, and a metabolite-sensing enzymatic system, based on glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase, were immobilized on a biocompatible polysaccharide matrix to develop a functional hydrogel coating for wound monitoring. The changes in metabolite and enzyme concentration in artificial wound extract were converted into a fluorescent signal.
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland.
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Jankowska
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland.
authors: M B
authors: MB
authors: Bannwarth
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Schulenburg
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Faccio
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Maniura-Weber
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland.
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Rossi
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Scherer
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland. Electronic address: michael.richter@igb.fraunhofer.de.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Richter
authors: Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014 Switzerland. Electronic address: luciano.boesel@empa.ch.
authors: L F
authors: LF
authors: Boesel
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000737:chemistry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D020100:Hydrogels; C000601316:naphthofluorescein; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Biosensor; Functional hydrogels; Glucose sensing; Metabolites; Wound monitoring; pH sensing