title: Changes in heart rate during third molar surgery.
abstract: Anxiety is an undesirable psychological phenomenon. Patients are usually anxious when subjected to third molar surgery, but the pattern of anxiety is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the intensity and course of anxiety during third molar surgery. This study included 48 consecutive patients (mean age 25±6 years) who had a third molar removed surgically under local anaesthesia. The heart rate was monitored continuously during treatment as a measure of anxiety. Preoperative anxiety was scored with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale. Each patient's anxiety level was assessed when in the waiting room, sitting down in the dental chair, during the application of local anaesthesia, application of surgical drapes, time-out procedure, incision, alveolotomy, removal of the third molar, and suturing, and at the end of the procedure. The lowest heart rates were recorded in the waiting room, in the dental chair, during anaesthesia, when applying surgical drapes, during suturing, and at the end of the procedure. The highest values were obtained during the time-out procedure, incision, and alveolotomy (P<0.005). In conclusion, the intensity and course of anxiety has a specific pattern during third molar surgery, with the lowest levels of anxiety prior to surgery and directly postoperative and the highest during the time-out procedure and the actual surgery.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Scheper Hospital, Emmen, Netherlands.
authors: M H J
authors: MH
authors: Hollander
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Scheper Hospital, Emmen, Netherlands. Electronic address: secr.kaak@sze.nl.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Schortinghuis
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Vissink
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: anxiety; heart rate; maxillofacial surgery; third molar