title: Prognostic Stratification of GBMs Using Combinatorial Assessment of IDH1 Mutation, MGMT Promoter Methylation, and TERT Mutation Status: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in India.
abstract: This study aims to establish the best and simplified panel of molecular markers for prognostic stratification of glioblastomas (GBMs). One hundred fourteen cases of GBMs were studied for IDH1, TP53, and TERT mutation by Sanger sequencing; EGFR and PDGFRA amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization; NF1expression by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR); and MGMT promoter methylation by methylation-specific PCR. IDH1 mutant cases had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) as compared to IDH1 wild-type cases. Combinatorial assessment of MGMT and TERT emerged as independent prognostic markers, especially in the IDH1 wild-type GBMs. Thus, within the IDH1 wild-type group, cases with only MGMT methylation (group 1) had the best outcome (median PFS: 83.3 weeks; OS: not reached), whereas GBMs with only TERT mutation (group 3) had the worst outcome (PFS: 19.7 weeks; OS: 32.8 weeks). Cases with both or none of these alterations (group 2) had intermediate prognosis (PFS: 47.6 weeks; OS: 89.2 weeks). Majority of the IDH1 mutant GBMs belonged to group 1 (75%), whereas only 18.7% and 6.2% showed group 2 and 3 signatures, respectively. Interestingly, none of the other genetic alterations were significantly associated with survival in IDH1 mutant or wild-type GBMs. Based on above findings, we recommend assessment of three markers, viz., IDH1, MGMT, and TERT, for GBM prognostication in routine practice. We show for the first time that IDH1 wild-type GBMs which constitute majority of the GBMs can be effectively stratified into three distinct prognostic subgroups based on MGMT and TERT status, irrespective of other genetic alterations.
authors: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Suvendu
authors: S
authors: Purkait
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Supriya
authors: S
authors: Mallick
authors: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Vikas
authors: V
authors: Sharma
authors: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Anupam
authors: A
authors: Kumar
authors: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Pankaj
authors: P
authors: Pathak
authors: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Prerana
authors: P
authors: Jha
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Ahitagni
authors: A
authors: Biswas
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Pramod Kumar
authors: PK
authors: Julka
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Deepak
authors: D
authors: Gupta
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Ashish
authors: A
authors: Suri
authors: Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Ashish
authors: A
authors: Datt Upadhyay
authors: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Vaishali
authors: V
authors: Suri
authors: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors: Mehar C
authors: MC
authors: Sharma
authors: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Electronic address: sarkar.chitra@gmail.com.
authors: Chitra
authors: C
authors: Sarkar