title: Diagnosis and treatment of rare complications of pelvic fractures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To enhance the awareness of rare complications of pelvic fracture and describe the correct diagnosis and effective treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 188 cases of pelvic fractures were retrospectively reviewed, and four patients who suffered from four types of rare pelvic fracture complications were described, namely ureteral obstruction caused by retroperitoneal hematoma-induced abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS), bowel entrapment, external iliac artery injury, and open scrotal sac injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrated that combined measures should be employed to prevent the occurrence of ACS following major pelvic fractures. Ureteral catheter support may be a good option at an early stage when ACS occurred. Contrasted computed tomography examination and sufficient awareness are keys to a correct diagnosis of bowel entrapment following pelvic fractures. Recognition of risk factors, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment of suspected injury of the external iliac artery are keys to patient survival and to avoid limb loss. Scrotal and/or testicular injury complicated by pelvic fractures should be carefully treated to maintain normal gonad function. Additionally, establishment of a sophisticated trauma care system and multi-disciplinary coordination are important for correct diagnosis and treat- ment of rare complications in pelvic fractures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rare complications of pelvic fractures are difficult to diagnose and negatively impact outcome. Recognition of risk factors and sufficient awareness are essential for correct diagnosis and prompt treatment.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Trauma Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
authors: Zhao-Wen
authors: ZW
authors: Zong
authors: Quan-Wei
authors: QW
authors: Bao
authors: Hua-Yu
authors: HY
authors: Liu
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: Shen
authors: Yu-Feng
authors: YF
authors: Zhao
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Hua
authors: Qing-Shan
authors: QS
authors: Guo
authors: Lian-Yang
authors: LY
authors: Zhang
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000293:injuries; D059325:Intra-Abdominal Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000293:injuries*; D012611:Scrotum / Q000293:injuries; D013737:Testis / Q000293:injuries; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed