title: Myelitis and Lupus: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis and Treatment. Review.
abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems. Myelopathy is one of 19 neuropsychiatric syndromes related to SLE defined by the American College of Rheumatology. Although infrequent, it is a severe manifestation, leading to motor and sensory deficits, and sphincter dysfunction. The pathogenesis is not clearly known, but may be related to arterial thrombosis and vasculitis. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings, laboratory tests and the use of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The standard therapy is the combination of intravenous cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids. In refractory disease, other treatments such as plasmapheresis or rituximab have been used.
authors: Unidad de Inmunología e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital Carlos Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: edsonchiganer@gmail.com.
authors: Edson Hernán
authors: EH
authors: Chiganer
authors: Unidad de Inmunología e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital Carlos Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Carlos Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors: Javier Pablo
authors: JP
authors: Hryb
authors: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Carlos Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors: Edgar
authors: E
authors: Carnero Contentti
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009187:Myelitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009471:Neuromyelitis Optica / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D000069283:Rituximab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D066127:White Matter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000069283:Rituximab; D003520:Cyclophosphamide
keywords: Lupus eritematoso sistémico; Lupus myelitis; Lupus neuropsiquiátrico; Mielitis lúpica; Neuropsychiatric lupus; Systemic lupus erythematosus