title: A multi-analytical approach for the characterization of wall painting materials on contemporary buildings.
abstract: Samples from Keith Haring's wall painting of the Necker Children Hospital in Paris were studied by a multi-analytical protocol. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), powder X-ray diffraction (XRDP), Electron microscope (SEM-EDS), Infrared and Raman spectroscopy (μ-FT-IR and μ-Raman) measurements were performed in order to characterize the materials and to identify the art technique used to produce this contemporary work. Materials from the mural suffered from severe detachments of materials and several fragments were found on the ground beneath. Some of these fragments, which were representative of the whole palette and stratigraphic sequence, were collected and studied. The fragments were sufficiently large to enable non-invasive measurements to be performed in order to characterize the materials. A comparison of the data of the techniques applied revealed that Haring's palette was composed of organic pigments such as Naphtol red, phthalocyanine blue and green and Hansa yellow, in accordance with those used previously by the artist in other painted murals.
authors: CNR-ICVBC National Research Council, Institute for Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Heritage, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: d.magrini@icvbc.cnr.it.
authors: Donata
authors: D
authors: Magrini
authors: CNR-ICVBC National Research Council, Institute for Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Heritage, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: s.bracci@icvbc.cnr.it.
authors: Susanna
authors: S
authors: Bracci
authors: CNR-ICVBC National Research Council, Institute for Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Heritage, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: e.cantisani@icvbc.cnr.it.
authors: Emma
authors: E
authors: Cantisani
authors: CNR-ICVBC National Research Council, Institute for Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Heritage, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: c.conti@icvbc.cnr.it.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Conti
authors: Società Rava E C S.r.l., Via Cremona, 3, 10152, Torino (TO), Italy. Electronic address: antonio.ravaec@gmail.com.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Rava
authors: CNR-ICVBC National Research Council, Institute for Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Heritage, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: a.sansonetti@icvbc.cnr.it.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Sansonetti
authors: Conservation Resources Management, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: willshank@earthlink.net.
authors: Will
authors: W
authors: Shank
authors: CNR-ICVBC National Research Council, Institute for Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Heritage, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: direttore@icvbc.cnr.it.
authors: MariaPerla
authors: M
authors: Colombini
keywords: And SEM-EDS; Contemporary pigments; Ft-IR; Keith haring; Multi-analytical approach; XRDP; μ-Raman XRF