title: [Neurofeedback-based motor imagery training for rehabilitation after stroke].
abstract: Mental training, including motor observation and motor imagery, has awakened much academic interest. The presumed functional equivalence of motor imagery and motor execution has given hope that mental training could be used for motor rehabilitation after a stroke. Results obtained from randomized controlled trials have shown mixed results. Approximately half of the studies demonstrate positive effects of motor imagery training but the rest do not show an additional benefit. Possible reasons why motor imagery training has so far not become established as a robust therapeutic approach are discussed in detail. Moreover, more recent approaches, such as neurofeedback-based motor imagery or closed-loop systems are presented and the potential importance for motor learning and rehabilitation after a stroke is discussed.
authors: Kliniken Schmieder Konstanz, Eichhornstr.68, 78464, Konstanz, Deutschland. c.dettmers@kliniken-schmieder.de.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Dettmers
authors: Abteilung für Neuropsychologie, Department für Psychologie, Fakultät VI - Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Braun
authors: Kliniken Schmieder Allensbach, Allensbach, Deutschland.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Büsching
authors: Kliniken Schmieder Allensbach, Allensbach, Deutschland.|Lurija Institut, Konstanz, Deutschland.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Hassa
authors: Abteilung für Neuropsychologie, Department für Psychologie, Fakultät VI - Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Debener
authors: Kliniken Schmieder Allensbach, Allensbach, Deutschland.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Liepert
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D058765:Neurofeedback / Q000379:methods*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Closed loop; Mental training; Motor imagery; Motor learning; Physiotherapy; Randomized controlled trials