title: Cationic amphiphile in phospholipid bilayer or oil-water interface of nanocarriers affects planktonic and biofilm bacteria killing.
abstract: A cationic amphiphile, soyaethyl morpholinium ethosulfate (SME), immobilized in liposomes or nanoemulsions, was prepared in an attempt to compare the antibacterial activity between SME intercalated in the phospholipid bilayer and oil-water interface. Before antibacterial assessment, the size of the liposomes and nanoemulsions was respectively recorded as 75 and 214 nm. The data of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)/minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and live/dead cell count demonstrated a superior antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsions compared to liposomes against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Nanoemulsion incubation reduced biofilm thickness by 2.4-fold, whereas liposomes showed a 1.6-fold decrease in thickness. SME insertion in the oil-water phase was found to induce bacterial membrane disruption. SME nanosystems were nontoxic to keratinocytes. In vivo topical application of the cationic nanosystems reduced skin infection, MRSA load, and inflammation in mice. The deteriorated skin barrier function evoked by MRSA was recovered by nanoemulsion treatment.
authors: Department of Dermatology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Ming-Hsien
authors: MH
authors: Lin
authors: School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors: Chi-Feng
authors: CF
authors: Hung
authors: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Ibrahim A
authors: IA
authors: Aljuffali
authors: School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
authors: Calvin T
authors: CT
authors: Sung
authors: Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors: Chi-Ting
authors: CT
authors: Huang
authors: Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address: fajy@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
authors: Jia-You
authors: JY
authors: Fang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018441:Biofilms; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D049329:Nanostructures; D010933:Plankton; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Biofilm; Cationic amphiphile; Liposomes; Nanoemulsions