title: Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes for a simple and highly sensitive electrochemical detection of synthetic colorants in beverages.
abstract: A simple and highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (ERGO-SPCE) for the simultaneous determination of sunset yellow (SY) and tartrazine (TZ) was proposed. An ERGO film was coated onto the electrode surface using a cyclic voltammetric method and then characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In 0.1M phosphate buffer at a pH of 6, the two oxidation peaks of SY and TZ appeared separately at 0.41 and 0.70V, respectively. Surprisingly, the electrochemical response remarkably increased approximately 90- and 20-fold for SY and TZ, respectively, using the modified electrode in comparison to the unmodified electrode. The calibration curves exhibited linear ranges from 0.01 to 20.0µM for SY and from 0.02 to 20.0µM for TZ. The limits of detection were found to be 0.50 and 4.50nM (at S/N=3) for SY and TZ, respectively. Furthermore, this detection platform provided very high selectivity for the measurement of both colorants. This electrochemical sensor was successfully applied to determine the amount of SY and TZ in commercial beverages. Comparison of the results obtained from this proposed method to those obtained by an in-house standard technique proved that this developed method has good agreement in terms of accuracy for practical applications. This sensor offers an inexpensive, rapid and sensitive determination. The proposed system is therefore suitable for routine analysis and should be an alternative method for the analysis of food colorants.
authors: Program in Petrochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
authors: Sakda
authors: S
authors: Jampasa
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
authors: Weena
authors: W
authors: Siangproh
authors: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
authors: Kiattisak
authors: K
authors: Duangmal
authors: Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Nanotec-CU Center of Excellent on Food and Agriculture, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address: corawon@chula.ac.th.
authors: Orawon
authors: O
authors: Chailapakul
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D004566:Electrodes; D005505:Food Coloring Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013645:Tartrazine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D005505:Food Coloring Agents; D010087:Oxides; D006108:Graphite; C005842:6-hydroxy-5-((p- sulfophenyl)azo)-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid disodium salt; D013645:Tartrazine
keywords: Electrochemical detection; Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO); Screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE); Sunset yellow (SY); Tartrazine (TZ)