title: A single-nucleotide polymorphism C-724 /del in the proter region of the apolipoprotein M gene is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apolipoprotein M (apoM) was the carrier of the biologically active lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phospate in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and played a critical role in formation and maturation of prebeta-HDL-C particles. The plasma apoM levels were decreased obviously in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A new single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C-724del in apoM promoter was associated with a higher risk for coronary artery diseases (CAD) and myocardial infarction, could reduce promoter activities and apoM expression in vitro. The primary aim of the present case-controls study was to investigate the effect of apoM SNP C-724del on apoM expression in vivo and its association with T2DM susceptibility in an eastern Han Chinese cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and fifty-nine T2DM patients and seventy-six healthy controls were included in this study. Amplifying DNA of apoM proximal promoter region including SNP C-724del by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and amplicons sequencing. The plasma apoM concentrations were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four polymorphic sites, rs805297 (C-1065A), rs9404941 (T-855C), rs805296 (T-778C), C-724del were confirmed. rs805297 (C-1065A) and rs9404941 (T-855C) showed no statistical difference in allele frequencies and genotype distributions between T2DM patients and healthy controls just as previous studies. It's worth noting that the difference of rs805296 (T-778C) between these two groups was not found in this study. In SNP C-724del, the frequency of del allele and mutant genotypes (del/del, C/del) were higher in T2DM patients compared with healthy controls (p = 0.035; P = 0.040, respectively), while the plasma apoM levels of C-724del mutant allele carriers compared with the wide-type homozygotes carriers were not statistically different in T2DM patients (18.20 ± 8.53 ng/uL vs 20.44 ± 10.21 ng/uL, P = 0.245).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The polymorphism C-724del in the promoter region of the apoM gene could confer the risk of T2DM among eastern Han Chinese. Unfortunately, the lowing of plasma apoM levels of C-724del mutant allele carriers compared with the wide-type homozygotes carriers in T2DM patients was not statistically different in present study, so further researchs were needed by enlarging the sample.
authors: Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.
authors: Pu-Hong
authors: PH
authors: Zhang
authors: Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.|Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jia-Lin
authors: JL
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.
authors: Chun
authors: C
authors: Pu
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Feng
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China.|Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.
authors: Li-Zhuo
authors: LZ
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.
authors: Li-Zhu
authors: LZ
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China. yaozhang_wnmc@yahoo.com.|Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China. yaozhang_wnmc@yahoo.com.
authors: Yao
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D000075243:Apolipoproteins M; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012306:Risk; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: C400523:APOM protein, human; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D000075243:Apolipoproteins M; D054834:Lipocalins
keywords: Apolipoproteins; Diabetes; Single-nucleotide polymorphism