title: Supersaturation of poorly soluble drugs induced by mesoporous magnesium carbonate.
abstract: This work investigates whether the solubility of poorly soluble compounds can be improved by using mesoporous magnesium carbonate (MMC) as the drug delivery system. A solvent evaporation method was used to load structurally diverse model drugs (celecoxib, cinnarizine and griseofulvin) into the pores of MMC. The drug-loaded carrier system was then characterized in terms of porosity, crystallinity, and release profiles by a variety of experimental techniques, including X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, UV absorption spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. All three drugs were in a non-crystalline state after loading into the pores of MMC. The concentrations of the drugs in solution over time (a measure of the release rates from loaded MMC) were higher than the corresponding concentrations (dissolution rates) of equal amounts of the crystalline drugs. The release rates were five (celecoxib), three (cinnarizine) and two times (griseofulvin) higher than the dissolution rates of their crystalline counterparts. Supersaturation release profiles were also observed; the areas under the concentration-time curves (0-240min) were 25- (celecoxib), 5- (cinnarizine) and 2-fold (griseofulvin) greater than those of the crystalline drugs. Hence, MMC shows promise as a general drug delivery vehicle for increasing the bioavailability of compounds with dissolution rate- or solubility-limited absorption.
authors: Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden.
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Zhang
authors: Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden.
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Zardán Gómez de la Torre
authors: Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden.
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Welch
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 23, Sweden. Electronic address: christel.bergstrom@farmaci.uu.se.
authors: Christel
authors: C
authors: Bergström
authors: Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden. Electronic address: maria.stromme@angstrom.uu.se.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Strømme
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D000068579:Celecoxib / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002936:Cinnarizine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D065546:Drug Liberation; D006118:Griseofulvin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D012995:Solubility; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; C005479:magnesium carbonate; D006118:Griseofulvin; D002936:Cinnarizine; D008274:Magnesium; D000068579:Celecoxib
keywords: Crystallinity suppression; Drug release; Kinetics; Magnesium carbonate; Mesoporous; Supersaturation