title: DNA methylation of tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and adiponectin genes in visceral adipose tissue is related to type 2 diabetes in the Xinjiang Uygur population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The higher probability of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Uygur population is due to a greater waist:  hip ratio and visceral fat. This study investigated DNA methylation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) in visceral adipose tissue in T2DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visceral adipose tissue was collected from Uygur individuals and divided into normal control (NC; n = 50), obese (Ob; n = 48), and T2DM (n = 26) groups. Expression of TNF, ADIPOQ, and MCP1 mRNA and DNA methylation status were quantified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and denaturing HPLC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The respective methylation-positive rate for ADIPOQ increased gradually from the NC to Ob to T2DM groups (34.0 %, 47.9 %, and 65.4 %; P < 0.05), decreased gradually for TNF (70.0 %, 47.9 %, and 26.9 %; P < 0.01), and did not differ significantly for MCP1 (0 %, 2.08 %, and 0 %). Compared with the NC group, ADIPOQ mRNA expression was significantly lower in the Ob and T2DM groups (median 0.7162 vs 0.4244 and 0.4093, respectively; P < 0.05), whereas TNF and MCP1 expression was significantly higher (median TNF expression: 0.0250 vs 0.1096 and 0.0734 respectively; median MCP1 expression 0.1588 vs 0.1937 and 0.1983, respectively; P < 0.05 for all). Expression of ADIPOQ and TNF was significantly lower in methylation-negative (median 0.7870 and 0.1988, respectively) than methylation-positive (median 0.2700 and 0.0542, respectively) groups (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower ADIPOQ and higher TNF and MCP1 mRNA expression in visceral adipose tissue may be correlated with obesity and T2DM in the Uygur population. Promoter DNA methylation affects expression of ADIPOQ and TNF.
authors: Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Cuizhe
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Xiaodan
authors: X
authors: Ha
authors: Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.|Shihezi University School of Medicine in the First Affiliated Hospital Clinical Laboratory, Shihezi, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Xu
authors: Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Yajuan
authors: Y
authors: Gu
authors: Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Tingting
authors: T
authors: Wang
authors: Endocrinology Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
authors: Jianxin
authors: J
authors: Xie
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D019175:DNA Methylation; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: DNA methylation; DNA甲基化; Uygur population; adiponectin (ADIPOQ); monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF); 单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP1); 维吾尔族人群; 肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF); 脂联素(ADIPOQ)