title: X-ray scattering measurements on imploding CH spheres at the National Ignition Facility.
abstract: We have performed spectrally resolved x-ray scattering measurements on highly compressed polystyrene at pressures of several tens of TPa (100 Mbar) created by spherically convergent shocks at the National Ignition Facility. Scattering data of line radiation at 9.0 keV were recorded from the dense plasma shortly after shock coalescence. Accounting for spatial gradients, opacity effects, and source broadening, we demonstrate the sensitivity of the elastic scattering component to carbon K-shell ionization while at the same time constraining the temperature of the dense plasma. For six times compressed polystyrene, we find an average temperature of 86 eV and carbon ionization state of 4.9, indicating that widely used ionization models need revision in order to be suitable for the extreme states of matter tested in our experiment.
authors: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Kraus
authors: Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.|Plasma Physics Group, Radiation Physics Department, AWE plc, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom.
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Chapman
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Kritcher
authors: Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Baggott
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Bachmann
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: G W
authors: GW
authors: Collins
authors: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA.
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Glenzer
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.|Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA.
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Hawreliak
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: D H
authors: DH
authors: Kalantar
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: O L
authors: OL
authors: Landen
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Ma
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Le Pape
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Nilsen
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: D C
authors: DC
authors: Swift
authors: GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Neumayer
authors: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors: R W
authors: RW
authors: Falcone
authors: Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors: D O
authors: DO
authors: Gericke
authors: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Döppner