title: Spectrum of Third Window Abnormalities: Semicircular Canal Dehiscence and Beyond.
abstract: Third window abnormalities are defects in the integrity of the bony structure of the inner ear, classically producing sound-/pressure-induced vertigo (Tullio and Hennebert signs) and/or a low-frequency air-bone gap by audiometry. Specific anatomic defects include semicircular canal dehiscence, perilabyrinthine fistula, enlarged vestibular aqueduct, dehiscence of the scala vestibuli side of the cochlea, X-linked stapes gusher, and bone dyscrasias. We discuss these various entities and provide key examples from our institutional teaching file with a discussion of symptomatology, temporal bone CT, audiometry, and vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials.
authors: From the Department of Radiology (M.-L.H.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota ho.mai-lan@mayo.edu.
authors: M-L
authors: 0000-0002-9455-1350
authors: ML
authors: Ho
authors: Department of Radiology (G.M.), Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors: G
authors: 0000-0003-1688-2450
authors: G
authors: Moonis
authors: Departments of Otolaryngology (C.F.H.).
authors: C F
authors: 0000-0003-4841-5646
authors: CF
authors: Halpin
authors: Radiology (H.D.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: H D
authors: 0000-0003-2163-9404
authors: HD
authors: Curtin
mesh_terms: D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007759:Labyrinth Diseases / Q000473:pathology*