Impaired glucose tolerance in first-episode drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia: relationships with clinical phenotypes and cognitive deficits.
Schizophrenia patients have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) than normals. We examined the relationship between IGT and clinical phenotypes or cognitive deficits in first-episode, drug-naïve (FEDN) Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia.



A total of 175 in-patients were compared with 31 healthy controls on anthropometric measures and fasting plasma levels of glucose, insulin and lipids. They were also compared using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Neurocognitive functioning was assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Patient psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).



Of the patients, 24.5% had IGT compared with none of the controls, and they also had significantly higher levels of fasting blood glucose and 2-h glucose after an oral glucose load, and were more insulin resistant. Compared with those patients with normal glucose tolerance, the IGT patients were older, had a later age of onset, higher waist or hip circumference and body mass index, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides and higher insulin resistance. Furthermore, IGT patients had higher PANSS total and negative symptom subscale scores, but no greater cognitive impairment except on the emotional intelligence index of the MCCB.



IGT occurs with greater frequency in FEDN schizophrenia, and shows association with demographic and anthropometric parameters, as well as with clinical symptoms but minimally with cognitive impairment during the early course of the disorder.
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
D C
DC
Chen
Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital,Suzhou,Jiangsu Province,People's Republic of China.
X D
XD
Du
Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital,Suzhou,Jiangsu Province,People's Republic of China.
G Z
GZ
Yin
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
K B
KB
Yang
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
Y
Y
Nie
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
N
N
Wang
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
Y L
YL
Li
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
M H
MH
Xiu
Department of Psychology,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
S C
SC
He
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
F D
FD
Yang
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,Houston, TX,USA.
R Y
RY
Cho
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,Baylor College of Medicine,Houston, TX,USA.
T R
TR
Kosten
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,Houston, TX,USA.
J C
JC
Soares
Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,People's Republic of China.
J P
JP
Zhao
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital,Peking University,Beijing,People's Republic of China.
X Y
XY
Zhang
D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides
Cognition; drug-naïve patients; first-episode schizophrenia; glycometabolism; psychopathology