Ultrasound-Assisted Surfactant-Enhanced Emulsification Micro-Extraction Followed by HPLC for Determination of Preservatives in Water, Beverages and Personal Care Products.
An ultrasound-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification micro-extraction (UASEME) procedure has been developed for pre-concentration of benzoic acid (BA) and paraben preservatives, including methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben and butylparaben, prior to high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) analysis. Separations were performed on a Lichrospher RP-18 endcapped 5 µm, using an isocratic mobile phase of 40% acetonitile, at a flow rate of 1 mL min-1The selected UASEME conditions comprised the use of 10 mL sample extract, 125 µL 1-octanol as extraction solvent and 0.05 mmol L-1Tween 20 as emulsifier, 0.5% sodium chloride, ultrasonication time of 6 min and centrifugation time of 10 min. Method performance demonstrated wide linear range between 0.5 and 7,000 µg L-1(R2> 0.9903) and limits of detection between 0.03 and 10 µg L-1, which providing the enrichment factors of 15-184. The method precision (relative standard deviation) was <7%. The developed UASEME coupled with HPLC-UV has been successfully applied to determine four paraben preservatives in various sample matrices such as water, beverages and personal care products. The recoveries in the range of 70-138.1% were obtained. However, BA could not be determined in real sample extracts.
Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Sudarat
S
Jan-E
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand.
Yanawath
Y
Santaladchaiyakit
Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, rodjbu@kku.ac.th.
Rodjana
R
Burakham
D019817:Benzoic Acid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004655:Emulsions; D006795:Household Products / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D010226:Parabens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013010:Sonication / Q000379:methods*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
D004655:Emulsions; D010226:Parabens; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D019817:Benzoic Acid