Evaluation of in vitro push-out bond strengths of different post-luting systems after artificial aging.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strengths of four commercially available adhesive luting systems (two self-adhesive and two etch-and-rinse systems) after mechanical aging.


METHODS
Forty single-rooted anterior teeth were divided into four groups according to the luting cement system used: Cement-One (Group 1); One-Q-adhesive Bond + Axia Core Dual (Group 2); SmartCem® 2 (Group 3); and XP Bond® + Core-X™ Flow (Group 4). Anatomical Post was cemented in groups 1 and 2, and D.T. Light-Post Illusion was cemented in groups 3 and 4. All samples were subjected to masticatory stress simulation consisting of 300,000 cycles applied with a computer-controlled chewing simulator. Push-out bond strength values (MPa) were calculated at cervical, middle, and apical each level, and the total bond strengths were calculated as the averages of the three levels. Statistical analysis was performed with data analysis software and significance was set at P<0.05.


RESULTS
Statistically significant differences in total bond strength were detected between the cements (Group 4: 3.28 MPa, Group 1: 2.77 MPa, Group 2: 2.36 MPa, Group 3: 1.13 MPa; P<0.05). Specifically, Group 1 exhibited a lower bond strength in the apical zone, Group 3 exhibited a higher strength in this zone, and groups 2 and 4 exhibited more homogeneous bonding strengths across the different anatomical zones.


CONCLUSIONS
After artificial aging, etch-and-rinse luting systems exhibited more homogeneous bond strengths; nevertheless, Cement-One exhibited a total bond strength second only to Core-X Flow.
Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, &quot;Sacro Cuore&quot; Catholic University, Rome, Italy - luca.marigo@rm.unicatt.it.
Luca
L
Marigo
Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Chieti, School of Dentistry, Chieti, Italy.
Camillo
C
D' Arcangelo
Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Chieti, School of Dentistry, Chieti, Italy.
Francesco
F
DE Angelis
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, &quot;Sacro Cuore&quot; Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
Massimo
M
Cordaro
Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Chieti, School of Dentistry, Chieti, Italy.
Mirco
M
Vadini
Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, &quot;Sacro Cuore&quot; Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
Carlo
C
Lajolo
D003481:Cuspid; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D045662:Dental Etching; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007180:Incisor; D008409:Mastication; D008422:Materials Testing; D011176:Post and Core Technique / Q000295:instrumentation; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D018915:Root Canal Preparation
D003738:Dental Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D019279:Resin Cements