National survey: Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors in Thai patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease after the development of cardiovascular disease.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the achievement in controlling the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Thai patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).


METHODS
The DMHT dataset from 2011 to 2012, which was the cross-sectional study of the national survey in Thai patients with T2DM was analyzed.


RESULTS
There were 1254 of 15 149 diabetic patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2that had developed CVD for more than 12 months. The prevalence of CVD was 8.3%. The mean age in years was 68.2 with a standard deviation (SD) of 8.7. Males and females were 38.7 and 61.3%, respectively. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.5 (SD 0.2) years. The mean body mass index was 25.5 (SD 4.4) kg/m2. The percentage of patients with the target level of blood pressure control at ≤130/80 mm Hg was 47.1%. The percentage of patients who received angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) was 58.9%. The percentage of patients with the target level of LDL control at <70 mg/dL was 17.2%. The percentage of patients with the target level of HbA1C at 7% was 39.2%. There were 63 (5.0%) patients having recurrent CVD.


CONCLUSIONS
Most Thai patients with T2DM and CKD with eGFR < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2could not achieve the therapeutic goals after the development of CVD. The national health policy should be planned to improve the quality of care to increase the number of patients who achieve the recommended goals.
Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand.
Siribha
S
Changsirikulchai
Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.
Pornpen
P
Sangthawan
Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand.
Jirayut
J
Janma
Ramathibodi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand.
Nintita
N
Sripaiboonkij
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand.
Suthee
S
Rattanamongkolgul
Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
Bandit
B
Thinkhamrop
D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
blood pressure; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular risk; chronic kidney disease; glomerular filtration rate