Psychosocial difficulties in patients with episodic migraine: a cross-sectional study.
To explore the relationships between psychosocial difficulties (PSDs), quality of life (QoL), and disability and to explore the degree to which PSDs can be predicted by demographic variables, clinical variables, and risk and protective factors. Patients with episodic migraine completed a protocol inclusive of PARADISE 24 questionnaire (the 24-item Psychosocial Difficulties Relevant to Brain Disorders questionnaire), a new questionnaire that captures PSDs relevant to brain disorders, and assessments of disability, QoL, disease severity, presence of comorbidities, social support, and clinical and risk factors (i.e., smoking and body mass index). Spearman's correlation was used to address the relationship between PARADISE 24, and the assessments of disability and QoL; multivariable linear regression analysis was carried out to address PARADISE 24 predictors. Eighty patients were enrolled (86.3 % females, mean age 44.5). PARADISE 24 was well correlated with disability (ρ = 0.787) and moderately with QoL (ρ = -0.526). The regression analysis shows that younger age, higher migraine frequency, higher comorbidities index and being a smoker were predictors of PARADISE 24 (R2: 0.470). Addressing the burden associated with PSDs in migraineurs is important as these might be the reason why patients look for specialists in headache disorders. PARADISE 24 represents a viable way to address patients' difficulties in daily practice.
Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy. alberto.raggi@istituto-besta.it.
Alberto
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7433-7779
A
Raggi
Department of Psychology, e-Campus University, Novedrate, Italy.
Venusia
V
Covelli
Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Silvia
S
Schiavolin
Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Ambra M
AM
Giovannetti
Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Milda
M
Cerniauskaite
Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Rui
R
Quintas
Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Matilde
M
Leonardi
Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Chair for Public Health and Health Services Research, Research Unit for Biopsychosocial Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany.
Carla
C
Sabariego
Headache and Neuroalgology Unit, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy.
Licia
L
Grazzi
Headache and Neuroalgology Unit, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy.
Domenico
D
D'Amico
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
Comorbidity; Migraine; Psychosocial difficulties; Smoke