Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors. Blood-vessel-embolic agents were essential in transarterial embolization (TAE). In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer. With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel. Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C. The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment. When incubated with L929 cells, the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels had low cytotoxicity in vitro. The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits. Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits indicated that PSHI-Ca2+ successfully occluded the tumors, including the peripheral vessels. In conclusion, PSHI-Ca2+ was a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy.
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Lili
L
Huang
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ming
M
Shen
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Rongxin
R
Li
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiangyu
X
Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ying
Y
Sun
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Pei
P
Gao
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Hao
H
Fu
Department of Interventional Oncology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
Hongqiang
H
Liu
Department of Interventional Oncology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
Yang
Y
He
Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Pudong New District Punan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Yuqing
Y
Du
Department of Interventional Oncology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
Jun
J
Cao
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yourong
Y
Duan
D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D012212:Rheology; D013696:Temperature; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020100:Hydrogels; D007477:Ions; D020442:Poloxamer; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D002118:Calcium
poloxamer 407; sodium alginate; sol-gel transition; thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels; transarterial embolization