Dietary transition and excess weight in adults according to the Encuesta de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia, 2010.
BACKGROUND
Dietary transition is codetermined by demographic and nutritional transitions.


OBJECTIVE
To establish the prevalence of overweight individuals among Colombians aged 18 to 64, identify their dietary patterns and establish the relationship between this and their excess weight.


METHODS
We analyzed the Encuesta de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia, 2010 (National Survey of the Nutritional Situation in Colombia, 2010). Dietary patterns were established with factor analysis in 5,217 subjects, who answered a questionnaire on food consumption frequency. The relationship between excess weight and adherence to quartiles in the patterns was established with binomial regression.


RESULTS
The prevalence of excess weight was 47.4% in men (95% CI: 44.7; 50.0) and 57.1% in women (95% CI: 54.9; 59.3, p<0.0001). Three patterns were established: protein/fiber, sandwich/snack and traditional/starch. When the models were adjusted for age, sex and level of food security in the home, the protein/fiber and traditional/starch patterns were found to be associated with excess weight (test of linear trend for quartiles of adherence, p=0.007 and p=0.001, respectively). Neither the frequency of consumption of carbonated and sugary drinks, with an adjusted relative risk of 100 (95% CI: 93 - 109; p=0.913), nor that of fast food with 102 (95% CI: 89; 117; p=0.759) were associated with excess weight.


CONCLUSIONS
Excess weight increases constantly with age, particularly in women, and is associated positively with indicators of socioeconomic status and subjects changing from the traditional/starch pattern to the protein/fiber one.
Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia Observatorio Epidemiológico de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Centro de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia. herran@uis.edu.co.
Oscar F
OF
Herrán
Gonzalo A
GA
Patiño
Sara E
SE
Del Castillo
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003906:Developing Countries; D004032:Diet / Q000639:trends*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D057140:Fast Foods; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011157:Population Dynamics / Q000639:trends*; D012306:Risk; D062410:Snacks; D012922:Social Change; D055815:Young Adult
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins
Colombia; Feeding behavior; adult; food habits; obesity