Pharmacological Potential of Phylogenetically Diverse Actinobacteria Isolated from Deep-Sea Coral Ecosystems of the Submarine Avilés Canyon in the Cantabrian Sea.
Marine Actinobacteria are emerging as an unexplored source for natural product discovery. Eighty-seven deep-sea coral reef invertebrates were collected during an oceanographic expedition at the submarine Avilés Canyon (Asturias, Spain) in a range of 1500 to 4700 m depth. From these, 18 cultivable bioactive Actinobacteria were isolated, mainly from corals, phylum Cnidaria, and some specimens of phyla Echinodermata, Porifera, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca and Sipuncula. As determined by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, all isolates belong to the phylum Actinobacteria, mainly to the Streptomyces genus and also to Micromonospora, Pseudonocardia and Myceligenerans. Production of bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques and subsequent database comparison. Results reveal that deep-sea isolated Actinobacteria display a wide repertoire of secondary metabolite production with a high chemical diversity. Most identified products (both diffusible and volatiles) are known by their contrasted antibiotic or antitumor activities. Bioassays with ethyl acetate extracts from isolates displayed strong antibiotic activities against a panel of important resistant clinical pathogens, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi, all of them isolated at two main hospitals (HUCA and Cabueñes) from the same geographical region. The identity of the active extracts components of these producing Actinobacteria is currently being investigated, given its potential for the discovery of pharmaceuticals and other products of biotechnological interest.
Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
Aida
A
Sarmiento-Vizcaíno
Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
Verónica
V
González
Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
Alfredo F
AF
Braña
Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain.
Juan J
JJ
Palacios
Servicio de Microbiología Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, Spain.
Luis
L
Otero
Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain.
Jonathan
J
Fernández
Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas. Área de Ecología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Axayacatl
A
Molina
Microbial Biotechnology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Andreas
A
Kulik
Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.|Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain.
Fernando
F
Vázquez
Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas. Área de Ecología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
José L
JL
Acuña
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología del Medio Ambiente. Área de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Luis A
LA
García
Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain. gbb@uniovi.es.
Gloria
G
Blanco
D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000382:microbiology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001483:Base Sequence; D044822:Biodiversity; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065132:Bioprospecting; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002965:Classification; D057894:Coral Reefs; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D017753:Ecosystem; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000382:microbiology; D008386:Marine Biology; D010802:Phylogeny; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater; D064210:Secondary Metabolism; D013030:Spain; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Actinobacteria ecology; Actinomycetes; Antimicrobial agents; Bioactive secondary metabolites; Volatiles