Semantic Verbal Fluency: Normative Data in Older Spanish Adults From NEDICES Population-Based Cohort.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to provide the normative data stratified by age, sex and educational attainment for two semantic categories (animal and fruits) in older Spanish adults.


METHODS
A representative sample of 2,744 non-demented older individuals with different socioeconomic background was selected from the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES), a population-based study. Normative data are presented in percentile ranks and divided into four age-tables with different midpoints, using the overlapping interval procedure.


RESULTS
Correlation analyses showed that age, education and sex influence significantly the scores in both semantic tasks. Normative data presented here covered two urban (Margaritas & Lista) and one rural areas (Arévalo).


CONCLUSIONS
These norms may provide useful data for screening cognitive impairment more accurately in Spanish older adults.
Department of Basic Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioral Science, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Israel
I
Contador
Department of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil.
Katie
K
Almondes
Department of Psychology, University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Bernardino
B
Fernández-Calvo
Research Institute of Hospital "12 de Octubre" (i+12) , Madrid, Spain.
Elina
E
Boycheva
Department of Neurology, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.
Verónica
V
Puertas-Martín
Department of Neurology, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.|The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Research Institute , Madrid, Spain.|Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
Julián
J
Benito-León
Research Institute of Hospital "12 de Octubre" (i+12) , Madrid, Spain.|The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Research Institute , Madrid, Spain.|Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
Félix
F
Bermejo-Pareja
Aging; Assessment; Dementia; Education; Normative study; Verbal fluency