An overview on manufactured nanoparticles in plants: Uptake, translocation, accumulation and phytotoxicity.
The unprecedented capability to control and characterize materials on the nanometer scale has led to the rapid expansion of nanostructured materials. The expansion of nanotechnology, resulting into myriads of consumer and industrial products, causes a concern among the scientific community regarding risk associated with the release of nanomaterials in the environment. Bioavailability of excess nanomaterials ultimately threatens ecosystem and human health. Over the past few years, the field of nanotoxicology dealing with adverse effects and the probable risk associated with particulate structures <100 nm in size has emerged from the recognized understanding of toxic effects of fibrous and non-fibrous particles and their interactions with plants. The present review summarizes uptake, translocation and accumulation of nanomaterials and their recognized ways of phytotoxicity on morpho-anatomical, physiological, biochemical and molecular traits of plants. Besides this, the present review also examines the intrinsic detoxification mechanisms in plants in light of nanomaterial accumulation within plant cells or parts.
Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Electronic address: dktripathiau@gmail.com.
Durgesh Kumar
DK
Tripathi
D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India.
Shweta
D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India.
Shweta
S
Singh
D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India.
Swati
S
Singh
G R Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 6-016, 77, Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Rishikesh
R
Pandey
Govt. Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post Graduate College, Baikunthpur, Koriya 497335, Chhattisgarh, India.
Vijay Pratap
VP
Singh
Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA. Electronic address: nilesh.sharma@wku.edu.
Nilesh C
NC
Sharma
Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
Sheo Mohan
SM
Prasad
Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
Nawal Kishore
NK
Dubey
D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India. Electronic address: dkchauhanau@yahoo.com.
Devendra Kumar
DK
Chauhan
D017753:Ecosystem; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D008954:Models, Biological; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D010316:Particle Size; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D063245:Plant Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors
Ecosystem; Nanoparticles; Nanotoxicity; Oxidative stress; Phytotoxicity; Plants