Do Acute Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure Readmissions Flagged as Potentially Preventable by the 3M Potentially Preventable Readmissions Software Have More Process-of-Care Problems?
The 3M Potentially Preventable Readmissions (3M-PPR) software matches clinically related index admission and readmission diagnoses that may signify in-hospital or postdischarge quality problems. To assess whether the PPR algorithm identifies preventable readmissions, we compared processes of care between PPR software-flagged and nonflagged cases.



Using 2006 to 2010 national VA administrative data, we identified acute myocardial infarction and heart failure discharges associated with 30-day all-cause readmissions, then flagged cases (PPR-Yes/PPR-No) using the 3M-PPR software. To assess care quality, we abstracted medical records of 100 readmissions per condition using tools containing explicit processes organized into admission work-up, in-hospital evaluation/treatment, discharge readiness, postdischarge period. We derived quality scores, scaled to a maximum of 25 per section (maximum total score=100) and compared cases on total and section-specific mean scores. For acute myocardial infarction, 77 of 100 cases were flagged as PPR-Yes. Section quality scores were highest for in-hospital evaluation/treatment (20.5±2.8) and lowest for postdischarge care (6.8±9.1). Total and section-related mean scores did not differ by PPR status; respective PPR-Yes versus PPR-No total scores were 61.6±11.1 and 60.4±9.4; P=0.98. For heart failure, 86 of 100 cases were flagged as PPR-Yes. Section scores were highest for discharge readiness (18.8±2.4) and lowest for postdischarge care (7.3±8.1). Like acute myocardial infarction, total and section-related mean scores did not differ by PPR status; PPR-Yes versus PPR-No total scores were 61.2±10.8 and 63.4±7.0, respectively; P=0.47.



Among VA acute myocardial infarction and heart failure readmissions, the 3M-PPR software does not distinguish differences in case-level quality of care. Whether 3M-PPR software better identifies preventable readmissions by using other methods to capture poorly documented processes or performing different comparisons requires further study.
From the Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Bedford VAMC Campus, Bedford, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Medicine (A.M.B., A.H.) and Department of Surgery (H.J.M., A.K.R.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; CHOIR, Boston VA Campus, MA (Q.C., H.J.M., M.S., A.H., A.K.R.); Boston University Questrom School of Business, MA (M.S.); Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Boston, MA (D.L.B.); and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.L.B.). amb@bu.edu.
Ann M
AM
Borzecki
From the Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Bedford VAMC Campus, Bedford, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Medicine (A.M.B., A.H.) and Department of Surgery (H.J.M., A.K.R.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; CHOIR, Boston VA Campus, MA (Q.C., H.J.M., M.S., A.H., A.K.R.); Boston University Questrom School of Business, MA (M.S.); Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Boston, MA (D.L.B.); and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.L.B.).
Qi
Q
Chen
From the Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Bedford VAMC Campus, Bedford, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Medicine (A.M.B., A.H.) and Department of Surgery (H.J.M., A.K.R.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; CHOIR, Boston VA Campus, MA (Q.C., H.J.M., M.S., A.H., A.K.R.); Boston University Questrom School of Business, MA (M.S.); Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Boston, MA (D.L.B.); and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.L.B.).
Hillary J
HJ
Mull
From the Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Bedford VAMC Campus, Bedford, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Medicine (A.M.B., A.H.) and Department of Surgery (H.J.M., A.K.R.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; CHOIR, Boston VA Campus, MA (Q.C., H.J.M., M.S., A.H., A.K.R.); Boston University Questrom School of Business, MA (M.S.); Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Boston, MA (D.L.B.); and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.L.B.).
Michael
M
Shwartz
From the Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Bedford VAMC Campus, Bedford, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Medicine (A.M.B., A.H.) and Department of Surgery (H.J.M., A.K.R.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; CHOIR, Boston VA Campus, MA (Q.C., H.J.M., M.S., A.H., A.K.R.); Boston University Questrom School of Business, MA (M.S.); Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Boston, MA (D.L.B.); and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.L.B.).
Deepak L
DL
Bhatt
From the Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Bedford VAMC Campus, Bedford, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Medicine (A.M.B., A.H.) and Department of Surgery (H.J.M., A.K.R.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; CHOIR, Boston VA Campus, MA (Q.C., H.J.M., M.S., A.H., A.K.R.); Boston University Questrom School of Business, MA (M.S.); Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Boston, MA (D.L.B.); and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.L.B.).
Amresh
A
Hanchate
From the Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Bedford VAMC Campus, Bedford, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.M.B.); Department of Medicine (A.M.B., A.H.) and Department of Surgery (H.J.M., A.K.R.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; CHOIR, Boston VA Campus, MA (Q.C., H.J.M., M.S., A.H., A.K.R.); Boston University Questrom School of Business, MA (M.S.); Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Boston, MA (D.L.B.); and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.L.B.).
Amy K
AK
Rosen
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D057225:Data Mining / Q000379:methods*; D057286:Electronic Health Records; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010359:Patient Readmission; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012984:Software; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014493:United States Department of Veterans Affairs
acute myocardial infarction; heart failure; patient readmission; quality indicators, health care