[Influence of orthodontic appliances on the occurrence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity].
BACKGROUND
Use of orthodontic appliances creates favorable conditions for growth of dental bacterial plaque.


OBJECTIVE
To establish if use of orthodontic appliance affects the presence of Candida species in the oral cavity in a group of pediatric patients.


METHODS
We studied 60 patients between 4 and 10 years old, requiring treatment with orthodontic appliances. Samples were taken of the oral cavity before orthodontic treatment and six months after use began. Samples were inoculated in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Candida CHROMagar®. Candida species confirmation and identification was done by multiple PCR, and results analyzed with a chi-squared test.


RESULTS
Candida presence was greater (p < 0,001) in the samples taken six months after use began than in the initial samples. Before treatment, the most frequently found species (percentage of studied patients) was C. albicans (8.3%), while after treatment it was C. tropicalis (20.0%).


CONCLUSIONS
Use of orthodontic appliances in children increases Candida species presence in the oral cavity. Preventative measures should be taken to avoid oral candidiasis, particularly in immunosuppressed patients.
Departamento de Microbiología Oral y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Sandra E
SE
Hernández-Solís
Departamento de Microbiología Oral y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México, gordillo@correo.uady.mx.
Florencio
F
Rueda-Gordillo
Departamento de Microbiología Oral y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Alan D
AD
Flota-Alcocer
Departamento de Microbiología Oral y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Fernando J
FJ
Agullar-Ayala
Departamento de Microbiología Oral y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México, gordillo@correo.uady.mx.
María Del S C
Mdel S
Rodríguez-Fernández
Departamento de Microbiología Oral y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Esperanza M
EM
Lama-González
D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
D004271:DNA, Fungal