The growing world of CAR T cell trials: a systematic review.
In recent years, cancer treatment involving adoptive cell therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified patient's immune cells has attracted growing interest. Using gene transfer techniques, the patient's T cells are modified ex vivo with a CAR which redirects the T cells toward the cancer cells through an antibody-derived binding domain. The T cells are activated by the CAR primary signaling and costimulatory domains. Such "second generation" CAR T cells induced complete remission of B cell malignancies in the long-term. In this fast-moving field with a growing number of engineered T cell products, we list about 100 currently ongoing trials here that involve CAR T cells targeting hematopoietic malignancies and solid cancer. Major challenges in the further development of the therapy are briefly discussed.
Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Astrid
A
Holzinger
Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Markus
M
Barden
Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. hinrich.abken@uk-koeln.de.|Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. hinrich.abken@uk-koeln.de.
Hinrich
H
Abken
D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
Adoptive cell therapy; CAR; Chimeric antigen receptor; Clinical trial; T cell