Aqueous Date Fruit Efficiency as Preventing Traumatic Brain Deterioration and Improving Pathological Parameters after Traumatic Brain Injury in Male Rats.
OBJECTIVE
Following traumatic brain injury, disruption of blood-brain-barrier and consequent brain edema are critical events which might lead to increasing intracranial pressure (ICP), and nerve damage. The current study assessed the effects of aqueous date fruit extract (ADFE) on the aforementioned parameters.


METHODS
In this experimental study, diffused traumatic brain injury (TBI) was generated in adult male rats using Marmarou's method. Experimental groups include two pre-treatment (oral ADFE, 4 and 8 mL/kg for 14 days), vehicle (distilled water, for 14 days) and sham groups. Brain edema and neuronal injury were measured 72 hours after TBI. Veterinary coma scale (VCS) and ICP were determined at -1, 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours after TBI. Differences among multiple groups were assessed using ANOVA. Turkey's test was employed for the ANOVA post-hoc analysis. The criterion of statistical significance was sign at P<0.05.


RESULTS
Brain water content in ADFE-treated groups was decreased in comparison with the TBI+vehicle group. VCS at 24, 48 and 72 hours after TBI showed a significant increase in ADFE groups in comparison with the TBI+vehicle group. ICP at 24, 48 and 72 hours after TBI, was decreased in ADFE groups, compared to the TBI+vehicle. Brain edema, ICP and neuronal injury were also decreased in ADFE group, but VCS was increased following on TBI.


CONCLUSIONS
ADFE pre-treatment demonstrated an efficient method for preventing traumatic brain deterioration and improving pathological parameters after TBI.
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzali Pour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Hamze
H
Badeli
Physiology Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Nader
N
Shahrokhi
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzali Pour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mahdieosadat
M
KhoshNazar
Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Majid
M
Asadi-Shekaari
Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mohammad
M
Shabani
Physiology Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Hassan
H
Eftekhar Vaghefi
Department of Physiology, Afzali Pour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mohammad
M
Khaksari
Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mohsen
M
Basiri
Brain Edema; Brain Injury; Intracranial Pressure