Detection of Renal Stones on Portal Venous Phase CT: Comparison of Thin Axial and Coronal Maximum-Intensity-Projection Images.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of our study was to determine the sensitivity of thin axial and coronal maximum-intensity-projection (MIP) images for the detection of renal stones on contrast-enhanced CT performed in the portal venous phase.


METHODS
This retrospective study included 72 patients, 59 of whom had at least one renal stone, who underwent unenhanced CT immediately followed by contrast-enhanced CT in the portal venous phase. Two abdominal imaging fellowship-trained radiologists independently recorded the number of stones on both thin (1-1.50 mm) axial and 5-mm coronal MIP images in the portal venous phase. The reference standard was determined by consensus review of the thin axial unenhanced images. Reviewer sensitivity was calculated and categorized by stone diameter.


RESULTS
One hundred forty-eight stones were present; the mean number of stones per patient was 2.5 (SD, 2.7). The mean stone size was 2.5 mm (SD, 2.7). The sensitivity of thin axial images was 89.9%, 99.0%, and 100.0% for reviewer 1 and 83.1%, 98.0%, and 100.0% for reviewer 2 for all stones, stones ≥ 2 mm, and stones ≥ 3 mm, respectively. The sensitivity of coronal MIP images was 86.5%, 96.2%, and 100.0% for reviewer 1 and 79.0%, 91.4%, and 96.6% for reviewer 2 for all stones, stones ≥ 2 mm, and stones ≥ 3 mm, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Thin axial images are highly sensitive for the detection of renal stones ≥ 2 mm on portal venous phase CT. Coronal MIP images do not improve renal stone detection over thin axial images.
1 Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4860 Y St, Ste 3100, Sacramento, CA 95817.
Michael T
MT
Corwin
1 Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4860 Y St, Ste 3100, Sacramento, CA 95817.
Justin S
JS
Lee
1 Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4860 Y St, Ste 3100, Sacramento, CA 95817.
Ghaneh
G
Fananapazir
2 Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
Machelle
M
Wilson
1 Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4860 Y St, Ste 3100, Sacramento, CA 95817.
Ramit
R
Lamba
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056888:Patient Positioning / Q000379:methods; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
CT; contrast material; nephrolithiasis; portal venous phase; renal stone