Image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT): practical recommendations of Italian Association of Radiation Oncology (AIRO).
The use of imaging to maximize precision and accuracy throughout the entire process of radiation therapy (RT) delivery has been called "Image-guided RT" (IGRT). RT has long been image guided: in fact, historically, the portal films and later electronic megavoltage images represented an early form of IGRT. A broad range of IGRT modalities is now available and adopted. The target location may be defined for each treatment fraction by several methods by localizing surrogates, including implanted fiducial markers, external surface markers or anatomical features (through planar imaging, fluoroscopy, KV or MV computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound and X-ray imaging, electromagnetic localization, optical surface imaging, etc.). The aim of the present review is to define practical recommendations for IGRT.
Radiation Oncology Department, S. S. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria (TO), Italy.
Paola
P
Franzone
Radiation Oncology Department, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, via Don Sempreboni 5, 37034, Negrar (VR), Italy. alba.fiorentino@sacrocuore.it.
Alba
A
Fiorentino
Radiation Oncology Department, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy.
Salvina
S
Barra
Radiation Oncology Department, ASL TO 4, Ivrea, Italy.
Domenico
D
Cante
Radiation Oncology Department, University of Novara, Vercelli, Italy.
Laura
L
Masini
Medical Phisycs, S. S. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria (TO), Italy.
Elena
E
Cazzulo
Radiation Oncology Department, S. S. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria (TO), Italy.
Liana
L
Todisco
Radiation Oncology Department, IRCC, Candiolo, Italy.
Pietro
P
Gabriele
Radiation Oncology Department, IRCC, Candiolo, Italy.
Elisabetta
E
Garibaldi
Radiation Oncology Department, S.Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy.
Anna
A
Merlotti
Radiation Oncology Department, Ospedale Mauriziano, Turin, Italy.
Maria Grazia Ruo
MG
Redda
Radiation Oncology Department, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, via Don Sempreboni 5, 37034, Negrar (VR), Italy.
Filippo
F
Alongi
Radiation Oncology Department, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy.
Renzo
R
Corvò
D057918:Fiducial Markers; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011874:Radiometry; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D061089:Radiotherapy, Image-Guided
Computed tomography; Image-guided radiation therapy; Magnetic resonance imaging; Radiotherapy