A Review of Local Anesthetics: Minimizing Risk and Side Effects in Cutaneous Surgery.
BACKGROUND
The specialty of dermatology relies heavily on local anesthesia for diagnosis and management of skin disease. The appropriate selection, preparation, administration, and monitoring of these medications affect surgical outcome and patient safety and satisfaction.


OBJECTIVE
To perform a comprehensive literature review of the side effects and risks associated with local anesthetics used in cutaneous surgery. Current recommendations to reduce risk and minimize side effects are reviewed.


METHODS
A comprehensive review of the English-language medical literature search was performed.


RESULTS
No current review articles of the side effects and risks of local anesthetics were identified. This review serves to discuss local anesthetics commonly used in dermatology and cutaneous surgery along with practical information regarding prevention of adverse outcomes and addressing local and systemic reactions when they arise.


CONCLUSIONS
Local anesthetics commonly used in cutaneous surgery have potential risks and side effects. Appropriate selection and utilization of local anesthetics and knowledge of the means to prevent and address these risks can impact surgical outcomes, patient satisfaction and safety, and ultimately patient experience in the dermatology clinic.
*Skin Institute of South Florida, Coral Springs, Florida and Hollywood Dermatology, Hollywood, Florida; †Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California.
Kelly K
KK
Park
Victoria R
VR
Sharon
D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015897:Comorbidity; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000601:surgery
D000779:Anesthetics, Local