The impact of bacterial colonization on graft success after total pancreatectomy with autologous islet transplantation: considerations for early definitive surgical intervention.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether bacterial contamination of islets affects graft success after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT).



Factors associated with insulin independence after TPIAT are inconclusive. Although bacterial contamination does not preclude transplantation, the impact of bacterial contamination on graft success is unknown.



Patients who received TPIAT at the University of Virginia between January 2007 and January 2016 were reviewed. Patient charts were reviewed for bacterial contamination and patients were prospectively contacted to assess rates of insulin independence.



There was no significant difference in demographic or perioperative data between patients who achieved insulin independence and those who did not. However, six of 27 patients analyzed (22.2%) grew bacterial contaminants from culture of the final islet preparations. These patients had significantly lower islet yield and C-peptide at most recent follow-up (P<.05), and none of these patients achieved insulin independence.



Islet transplant solutions are often culture positive, likely secondary to preprocurement pancreatic manipulation and introduction of enteric flora. Although autotransplantation of culture-positive islets is safe, it is associated with higher rates of graft failure and poor islet yield. Consideration should be given to identify patients who may develop refractory chronic pancreatitis and offer early operative management to prevent bacterial colonization.
Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Joshua S
0000-0002-5595-6523
JS
Jolissaint
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Linda W
LW
Langman
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Claire L
CL
DeBolt
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Jacob A
JA
Tatum
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Allison N
AN
Martin
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Andrew Y
AY
Wang
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Daniel S
DS
Strand
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Victor M
VM
Zaydfudim
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Reid B
RB
Adams
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. klb9r@virginia.edu.
Kenneth L
KL
Brayman
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000382:microbiology*; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D007328:Insulin
autologous islet transplantation; bacteria; chronic pancreatitis; outcomes; pancreas; total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation; transplantation