First assessment on the molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of the species Gnaptor boryi distributed in Greece (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).
The genus Gnaptor Brullé, 1983 (Blaptini, Gnaptorina) occurs in southeast Europe as well as in Asiatic regions. As regards its taxonomy, four morphological species have been attributed: Gnaptor boryi, G. prolixus, G. spinimanus and G. medvedevi. Here, we use two different mitochondrial genetic markers (16S and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI)) in order to investigate the relationships between the populations of the species G. boryi in Greece, compare them with the current taxonomy and conjecture about its biogeographic history. In total, 29 specimens (28 G. boryi and one G. prolixus) were analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. Our results clarified the presence of three well-supported lineages: two belongs to G. boryi and one to G. prolixus. The first diversification of these lineages started in the Late Miocene at 9 Mya with the split of G. prolixus from Turkey and the second major split occurred in the Early Pliocene at 3.7 Mya between the two lineages of G. boryi distributed separately in northern Greece and Peloponnesos. According to Statistical Dispersal - Vicariance Analysis and dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis analysis analyses, vicariance seems to be the biogeographic event responsible for the divergence of the two major lineages of G. boryi.
a Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering , University of Crete , Greece.|b Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering , University of Crete , Greece.
Ioannis
I
Gkontas
a Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering , University of Crete , Greece.|b Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering , University of Crete , Greece.
Stavrini
S
Papadaki
b Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering , University of Crete , Greece.
Apostolos
A
Trichas
a Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering , University of Crete , Greece.|b Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering , University of Crete , Greece.
Nikos
N
Poulakakis
D000818:Animals; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D006115:Greece; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014421:Turkey
D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
Ancestral area reconstruction; Bayesian inference; Gnaptor; biogeography; divergence times; maximum likelihood; mitochondrial DNA