DNA Microarray Analysis on the Genes Differentially Expressed in the Liver of the Pufferfish, Takifugu rubripes, Following an Intramuscular Administration of Tetrodotoxin.
Pufferfish accumulate tetrodotoxin (TTX) mainly in the liver and ovary. This study aims at investigating the effect of TTX accumulation in the liver of cultured specimens of torafugu Takifugu rubripes on the hepatic gene expression by microarray analysis on Day 5 after the intramuscular administration of 0.25 mg TTX/kg body weight into the caudal muscle. TTX was detected in the liver, skin and ovary in the TTX-administered individuals. The total amount of TTX accumulated in the body was 67 ± 8% of the administered dose on Day 5. Compared with the buffer-administered control group, a total of 59 genes were significantly upregulated more than two-fold in the TTX-administered group, including those encoding chymotrypsin-like elastase family member 2A, transmembrane protein 168 and Rho GTP-activating protein 29. In contrast, a total of 427 genes were downregulated by TTX administration, including those encoding elongation factor G2, R-spondin-3, nuclear receptor activator 2 and fatty acyl-CoA hydrolase precursor. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the intramuscular administration of TTX changes the expression of hepatic genes involved in various signaling pathways.
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. takuya62@pu-hiroshima.ac.jp.
Takuya
T
Matsumoto
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. Holger.Feroudj@gmail.com.
Holger
H
Feroudj
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. ryosuke-1129@hotmail.co.jp.
Ryosuke
R
Kikuchi
Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan. qqq69dododo@yahoo.co.jp.
Yuriko
Y
Kawana
Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan. h-kondo@kaiyodai.ac.jp.
Hidehiro
H
Kondo
Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan. hirono@kaiyodai.ac.jp.
Ikuo
I
Hirono
Kawaku Company Limited, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-0093, Japan. mochizuki@kawaku.com.
Toshiaki
T
Mochizuki
Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan. yujicd@kaiyodai.ac.jp.
Yuji
Y
Nagashima
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. agkaneko@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Gen
G
Kaneko
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. aushio@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Hideki
H
Ushio
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. akodama1943@yahoo.co.jp.
Masaaki
M
Kodama
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. swatabe@kitasato-u.ac.jp.|School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan. swatabe@kitasato-u.ac.jp.
Shugo
S
Watabe
accumulation; gene expression; intramuscular administration; microarray analysis; pufferfish Takifugu rubripes; tetrodotoxin; toxification