Review: Traumatic brain injury and hyperglycemia, a potentially modifiable risk factor.
Hyperglycemia after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs frequently and is associated with poor clinical outcome and increased mortality. In this review, we highlight the mechanisms that lead to hyperglycemia and discuss how they may contribute to poor outcomes in patients with severe TBI. Moreover, we systematically review the proper management of hyperglycemia after TBI, covering topics such as nutritional support, glucose control, moderated hypothermia, naloxone, and mannitol treatment. However, to date, an optimal and safe glycemic target range has not been determined, and may not be safe to implement among TBI patients. Therefore, there is a mandate to explore a reasonable glycemic target range that can facilitate recovery after severe TBI.
Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
Jia
J
Shi
Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
Bo
B
Dong
Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
Yumin
Y
Mao
Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
Wei
W
Guan
Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
Jiachao
J
Cao
Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
Rongxing
R
Zhu
Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
Suinuan
S
Wang
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008353:Mannitol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009270:Naloxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D009270:Naloxone; D008353:Mannitol; D005947:Glucose
blood glucose; glycemic control; hyperglycemia; traumatic brain injury