Systems Pharmacology Dissection of the Integrated Treatment for Cardiovascular and Gastrointestinal Disorders by Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Though cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) are different diseases associated with different organs, they are highly correlated clinically. Importantly, in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), similar treatment strategies have been applied in both diseases. However, the etiological mechanisms underlying them remain unclear. Here, an integrated systems pharmacology approach is presented for illustrating the molecular correlations between CVDs and GIDs. Firstly, we identified pairs of genes that are associated with CVDs and GIDs and found that these genes are functionally related. Then, the association between 115 heart meridian (HM) herbs and 163 stomach meridian (SM) herbs and their combination application in Chinese patent medicine was investigated, implying that both CVDs and GIDs can be treated by the same strategy. Exemplified by a classical formula Sanhe Decoration (SHD) treating chronic gastritis, we applied systems-based analysis to introduce a drug-target-pathway-organ network that clarifies mechanisms of different diseases being treated by the same strategy. The results indicate that SHD regulated several pathological processes involved in both CVDs and GIDs. We experimentally confirmed the predictions implied by the effect of SHD for myocardial ischemia. The systems pharmacology suggests a novel integrated strategy for rational drug development for complex associated diseases.
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Wenjuan
W
Zhang
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Qin
Q
Tao
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Zihu
Z
Guo
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yingxue
Y
Fu
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Xuetong
X
Chen
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Piar Ali
PA
Shar
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Mohamed
M
Shahen
College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
Jinglin
J
Zhu
College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
Jun
J
Xue
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yaofei
Y
Bai
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Ziyin
Z
Wu
State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China.
Zhenzhong
Z
Wang
State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China.
Wei
W
Xiao
College of Life Science, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A &F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yonghua
Y
Wang
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional / Q000379:methods*; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010600:Pharmacology / Q000379:methods*; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D049490:Systems Biology / Q000379:methods*
D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal