Enhanced esterification of oleic acid and methanol by deep eutectic solvent assisted Amberlyst heterogeneous catalyst.
In present study, esterification of oleic acid with methanol using deep eutectic solvent (DES) assisted Amberlyst heterogeneous catalyst was investigated to produce biodiesel. Results showed that esterification efficiency was enhanced by the DES. The combined effect of DES on Amberlyst BD20 (BD20) is better than Amberlyst 15 (A-15) due to different structure. The optimal reaction conditions were 12:1M ratio of methanol to oleic acid, 20%(wt/wt) catalyst (BD20-DES (2:8) and A-15-DES (8:2)) at 85°C for 100min with agitating at 200rpm. The mechanism involved in catalysis and their capacity to reuse were studied. We proposed, Choline chloride-glycerol (Chcl-gly) DES could enhance the Amberlyst function due to the hydrogen bond effect on both DES and water. BD20 has fewer pores than A-15, have desirable performance in decreasing the inhibition the water during esterification of high FFA content and provide better performance in reuse.
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology China, Suzhou 215123, China.
Ying
Y
Pan
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Md Asraful
MA
Alam
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: wangzm@ms.giec.ac.cn.
Zhongming
Z
Wang
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Jingcheng
J
Wu
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Yi
Y
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomass Energy, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Zhenhong
Z
Yuan
D056804:Biofuels; D002384:Catalysis; D004951:Esterification / Q000187:drug effects; D000432:Methanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D059027:Recycling; D012997:Solvents; D013343:Styrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D056804:Biofuels; D012997:Solvents; D013343:Styrenes; C528218:amberlyst-15; D014867:Water; D019301:Oleic Acid; D000432:Methanol
Amberlyst heterogeneous catalyst; Biodiesel; Deep eutectic solvent; Esterification; Oleic acid