Estrogen receptors α and β and aromatase as independent predictors for prostate cancer outcome.
Androgens are considered important in normal prostate physiology and prostate cancer (PCa) pathogenesis. However, androgen-targeted treatment preventing PCa recurrence is still lacking. This indicates additional mediators contributing to cancer development. We sought to determine the prognostic significance of estrogen receptors, ERα and -β, and the aromatase enzyme in PCa. Tissue microarrays were created from 535 PCa patients treated with radical prostatectomy. Expression of ERα, ERβ and aromatase were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Representative tumor epithelial (TE) and tumor stromal (TS) areas were investigated separately. Survival analyses were used to evaluate the markers correlation to PCa outcome. In univariate analyses, ERα in TS was associated with delayed time to clinical failure (CF) (p = 0.042) and PCa death (p = 0.019), while ERβ was associated with reduced time to biochemical failure (BF) (p = 0.002). Aromatase in TS and TE was associated with increased time to BF and CF respectively (p = 0.016, p = 0.046). Multivariate analyses supported these observations, indicating an independent prognostic impact of all markers. When stratifying the analysis according to different surgical centers the results were unchanged. In conclusion, significant prognostic roles of ERα, ERβ and aromatase were discovered in the in PCa specimens of our large multicenter cohort.
Dept. of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Thea
T
Grindstad
Dept. of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Kaja
K
Skjefstad
Dept. of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.|Dept. of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Sigve
S
Andersen
Dept. of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Nora
N
Ness
Dept. of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Yngve
Y
Nordby
Dept. of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.|Dept. of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Samer
S
Al-Saad
Dept. of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Silje
S
Fismen
Dept. of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.|Dept. of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Tom
T
Donnem
Dept. of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Mehrdad Rakaee
MR
Khanehkenari
Dept. of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.|Dept. of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Lill-Tove
LT
Busund
Dept. of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.|Dept. of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Roy M
RM
Bremnes
Dept. of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.|Dept. of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Elin
E
Richardsen
D000368:Aged; D001141:Aromatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D001141:Aromatase