Effects of temperature on feed intake and plasma chemistry after exhaustive exercise in triploid brown trout (Salmo trutta L).
The physiological effect of temperature on feed intake and haematological parameters after exhaustive swimming in diploid and triploid brown trout (Salmo trutta) was investigated. Trout were exposed to an incremental temperature challenge (2 °C/day) from ambient (6 °C) to either 10 or 19 °C. Feed intake profiles did not differ between ploidy at 10 °C; however, triploids had a significantly higher total feed intake at 19 °C. After 24 days, each temperature-ploidy group was exposed to exhaustive swimming for 10 min. The haematological response differed between ploidy, with the magnitude of the response affected by temperature and ploidy. Post-exercise, acid-base and ionic differences were observed. Plasma lactate increased significantly from rest for both temperature and ploidy groups, but glucose increased significantly at higher temperature. Post-exercise, triploids at 19 °C had significantly higher osmolality and cholesterol than diploids, but differences were resumed within 4 h. Elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in fish at higher temperature suggested greater tissue damage; however, both ploidy responded similarly. Despite no significant differences in deformity prevalence, the type and location of deformities observed differed between ploidy (decreased intervertebral space with higher prevalence in tail area and fin regions for diploids, while vertebral compression, fusion in cranial and caudal trunks for triploids). These results suggest triploids have greater appetite than diploids at elevated temperature and that triploids suffer similar blood disturbances after exercise as diploids. These findings have implications for the management of freshwater ecosystems and suggest that stocking triploid brown trout may offer an alternative to diploid brown trout.
Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK. andrew.preston@stir.ac.uk.
Andrew C
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3587-5160
AC
Preston
Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
John F
JF
Taylor
Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Research Station, 5984, Matredal, Norway.
Per Gunnar
PG
Fjelldal
Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Research Station, 5984, Matredal, Norway.
Tom
T
Hansen
Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
Hervé
H
Migaud
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004171:Diploidy; D004435:Eating; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D013131:Spine / Q000002:abnormalities; D057885:Triploidy; D014337:Trout / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D019344:Lactic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium
Blood chemistry; Brown trout; Deformity; Exercise; Temperature; Triploid