[History of kidney transplantation surgery].
OBJECTIVE
To perform a state of the art about the history of kidney transplantation.


METHODS
An exhaustive systematic review of the scientific literature was performed in the Medline database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and Embase (http://www.embase.com) using different associations of the following keywords (MESH): kidney transplantation, history, vascular anastomosis.


RESULTS
From the first vascular ligations to the discovery of ciclosporin, the history of organ transplantation was made of surgical bets and medical discoveries, such as blood group, HLA-system, immunity, etc. The audacity of some surgeons led to the onset of renal transplantation as the treatment of choice for end stage renal disease.


CONCLUSIONS
This article aims to describe the first surgical methods for vascular anastomosis and renal transplantation. Through a comprehensive search within the archives of the French National Library, the authors provide a precise description of the first renal transplantations performed, the technique that have been used and their authors.
Service d'urologie, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. Electronic address: marc-olivier.timsit@aphp.fr.
M O
MO
Timsit
Service d'urologie et transplantation rénale, CHRU de Besançon, Besançon, France; Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Inserm UMR 1098, Besançon, France.
F
F
Kleinclauss
Service d'urologie et transplantation rénale, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
R
R
Thuret
D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D000818:Animals; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D013536:Suture Techniques; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history
Anastomose vasculaire; Histoire; History; Kidney transplantation; Transplantation rénale; Vascular anastomosis