Silicon occurrence, uptake, transport and mechanisms of heavy metals, minerals and salinity enhanced tolerance in plants with future prospects: A review.
Recently, heavy metals pollution due to industrialization and urbanization, use of untreated wastewater and unreasonable use of pesticides and fertilizers is increasing rapidly, resulting in major threat to the environment and contaminate soils. Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the earth crust after oxygen. Although it's higher accumulation in plants, yet Si has not been listed as essential nutrient however, considered as beneficial element for growth of plants particularly in stressed environment. Research to date has demonstrated that silicon helps the plants to alleviate the various biotic and abiotic stresses. This review article presents a comprehensive update about Si and heavy metals, minerals and salinity stresses, and contained the progress about Si so far done worldwide in the light of previous studies to evaluate the ecological importance of Si. Moreover, this review will also be helpful to understand the Si uptake ability and its benefits on plants grown under stressed environment. Further research needs for Si-mediated mitigation of heavy metals and mineral nutrients stresses are also discussed.
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: m.imtiazpk92@hotmail.com.
Muhammad
M
Imtiaz
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: arain_ms@yahoo.com.
Muhammad Shahid
MS
Rizwan
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement, College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: mushtaq@webmail.hzau.edu.cn.
Muhammad Adnan
MA
Mushtaq
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan. Electronic address: mashraf_1972@yahoo.com.
Muhammad
M
Ashraf
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan. Electronic address: smshahzad_uaf@yahoo.com.
Sher Muhammad
SM
Shahzad
CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China. Electronic address: balal@mail.ustc.edu.cn.
Balal
B
Yousaf
Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: meet_d07@yahoo.com.
Dawood Anser
DA
Saeed
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: m.rizwan112@outlook.com.
Muhammad
M
Rizwan
Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: azher490@hotmail.com.
Muhammad Azher
MA
Nawaz
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: sajid53@asia.com.
Sajid
S
Mehmood
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou 434023, China. Electronic address: stu@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
Shuxin
S
Tu
D001682:Biological Availability; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D008903:Minerals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D054712:Salinity; D012825:Silicon / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D013312:Stress, Physiological
D019216:Metals, Heavy; D008903:Minerals; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012825:Silicon
Abiotic stress; Alleviation; Heavy metals; Plant; Salinity; Silicon