Molecular typing and genetic characterization of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis isolates from humans and swine in Japan.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) causes disease in both humans and swine; however, the genetic variations in MAH isolates are unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the genetic variations in MAH isolates from humans and swine in Japan. We analysed the 16S-23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) using the Mycobacterium avium tandem repeat loci, prevalence of ISMav6 and clarithromycin resistance for MAH isolates from patients with pulmonary MAC (pMAC) disease (n=69), and HIV-seropositive and blood culture-positive (HIV-MAC) patients (n=28) and swine (n=23). In the minimum spanning tree based on VNTR analysis, swine MAC isolates belonged to a cluster distinguishable from that of human pMAC isolates. Isolates from HIV-MAC were scattered throughout both clusters. The three major distinct sequevars, Mav-A, Mav-B and Mav-F, were determined according to 16S-23S rDNA ITS sequence analysis in addition to three new sequevars, Mav-Q, Mav-R and Mav-S. Mav-A and Mav-F comprised the majority of human pMAC strains; in contrast, Mav-B predominated in swine isolates. Distribution of ITS sequevars in the minimum spanning tree based on VNTR analysis showed similar clusters of isolates from different origins, i.e. human pMAC, HIV-MAC and swine. These results, together with ISMav6 possession and clarithromycin resistance, revealed the genetic diversity of MAH strains recovered from humans and swine. Molecular epidemiology and genetic characterization in the present study showed the distinctive genetic evolutionary lineage of MAH strains isolated from human pMAC diseases and swine.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan.|Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan.
Takashi
T
Adachi
Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan.
Kazuya
K
Ichikawa
Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan.
Takayuki
T
Inagaki
Department of Pharmacy, National Hospital Organization, Toyohashi Medical Center, Toyohashi 440-8510, Japan.
Makoto
M
Moriyama
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan.
Taku
T
Nakagawa
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan.
Kenji
K
Ogawa
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan.
Yoshinori
Y
Hasegawa
Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan.
Tetsuya
T
Yagi
D000818:Animals; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D058889:Molecular Typing; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*