Novel Biologicals for the Treatment of Allergic Diseases and Asthma.
The development of biological therapies has rapidly progressed during the last few years, and major advances were reported for the treatment of allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, urticaria, food allergy, and asthma. Here, we review biologicals targeting the type 2 immune response involving Th2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, natural killer T cells, mast cells, basophils, and epithelial cells, such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP).



The biologicals that have been currently approved for asthma are omalizumab targeting IgE and reslizumab and mepolizumab targeting interleukin (IL)-5. Many other monoclonal antibodies are currently in various phases of clinical development. The new biological therapies for allergic diseases will eventually be tailored to the endotypes of these diseases and the identification of novel biomarkers. Further development of novel biologicals for the treatment of allergic diseases and asthma will be possible upon improved understanding of mechanisms of allergic diseases. Accordingly, further refinement of endotypes of allergen-specific and non-specific type 2 immune response and related inflammatory mediators is needed for optimal treatment of allergic diseases.
Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos Platz, Switzerland.|Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
Hern-Tze Tina
HT
Tan
Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos Platz, Switzerland.|Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland.|Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan.
Kazunari
K
Sugita
Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos Platz, Switzerland. akdisac@siaf.uzh.ch.|Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland. akdisac@siaf.uzh.ch.
Cezmi A
CA
Akdis
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016207:Cytokines
Allergy; Asthma; Biological; Biomarker; Endotype; Monoclonal antibodies