Thin film based semi-active resonant marker design for low profile interventional cardiovascular MRI devices.
OBJECTIVE
A new microfabrication method to produce low profile radio frequency (RF) resonant markers on catheter shafts was developed. A semi-active RF resonant marker incorporating a solenoid and a plate capacitor was constructed on the distal shaft of a 5 Fr guiding catheter. The resulting device can be used for interventional cardiovascular MRI procedures.


METHODS
Unlike current semi-active device visualization techniques that require rigid and bulky analog circuit components (capacitor and solenoid), we fabricated a low profile RF resonant marker directly on guiding the catheter surface by thin film metal deposition and electroplating processes using a modified physical vapor deposition system.


RESULTS
The increase of the overall device profile thickness caused by the semi-active RF resonant marker (130 µm thick) was lowered by a factor of 4.6 compared with using the thinnest commercial non-magnetic and rigid circuit components (600 µm thick). Moreover, adequate visibility performance of the RF resonant marker in different orientations and overall RF safety were confirmed through in vitro experiments under MRI successfully.


CONCLUSIONS
The developed RF resonant marker on a clinical grade 5 Fr guiding catheter will enable several interventional congenital heart disease treatment procedures under MRI.
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey. enginbaysoy@gmail.com.|Vocational School of Biomedical Device Technology, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey. enginbaysoy@gmail.com.
Engin
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8323-597X
E
Baysoy
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Dursun Korel
DK
Yildirim
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Cagla
C
Ozsoy
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Senol
S
Mutlu
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Ozgur
O
Kocaturk
D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D057785:Catheters; D025802:Electric Capacitance; D004595:Electroplating; D004867:Equipment Design; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D053783:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011846:Radio Waves; D014992:Xylenes / Q000737:chemistry
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers; D014992:Xylenes; C011055:parylene
Interventional MRI; RF antenna; RF resonant marker; Thin film coating; iCMRI