Size-Dependent Photodynamic Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Multifunctional Magnetic Submicron Particles in Prostate Cancer Cells.
In this study, newly designed biocompatible multifunctional magnetic submicron particles (CoFe₂O₄-HPs-FAs) of well-defined sizes (60, 133, 245, and 335 nm) were fabricated for application as a photosensitizer delivery agent for photodynamic therapy in cancer cells. To provide selective targeting of cancer cells and destruction of cancer cell functionality, basic cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) particles were covalently bonded with a photosensitizer (PS), which comprises hematoporphyrin (HP), and folic acid (FA) molecules. The magnetic properties of the CoFe₂O₄ particles were finely adjusted by controlling the size of the primary CoFe₂O₄ nanograins, and secondary superstructured composite particles were formed by aggregation of the nanograins. The prepared CoFe₂O₄-HP-FA exhibited high water solubility, good MR-imaging capacity, and biocompatibility without any in vitro cytotoxicity. In particular, our CoFe₂O₄-HP-FA exhibited remarkable photodynamic anticancer efficiency via induction of apoptotic death in PC-3 prostate cancer cells in a particle size- and concentration-dependent manner. This size-dependent effect was determined by the specific surface area of the particles because the number of HP molecules increased with decreasing size and increasing surface area. These results indicate that our CoFe₂O₄-HP-FA may be applicable for photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a PS delivery material and a therapeutic agent for MR-imaging based PDT owing to their high saturation value for magnetization and superparamagnetism.
Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoongil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea. solidchem@kw.ac.kr.
Kyong-Hoon
KH
Choi
Department of Medical Engineering, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Korea. kichang.nam@gmail.com.
Ki Chang
KC
Nam
Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA. lmalkins@uno.edu.
Leszek
L
Malkinski
Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoongil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea. ehchoi@kw.ac.kr.|Department of Electrical & Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoongil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea. ehchoi@kw.ac.kr.
Eun Ha
EH
Choi
Department of Chemistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea. jjscm@kangnung.ac.kr.
Jin-Seung
JS
Jung
Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoongil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea. parkbj@kw.ac.kr.|Department of Electrical & Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoongil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea. parkbj@kw.ac.kr.
Bong Joo
BJ
Park
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003035:Cobalt / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006415:Hematoporphyrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006415:Hematoporphyrins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C569492:cobalt ferrite; D003035:Cobalt; D005492:Folic Acid
biocompatible multifunctional submicron particles; cytotoxicity; folic acid; hematoporphyrin; magnetic resonance imaging; photodynamic anticancer therapy