Active saponins from root of Pueraria peduncularis (Grah. ex Benth.) Benth. and their molluscicidal effects on Pomacea canaliculata.
BACKGROUND
Pueraria peduncularis (Grah. ex Benth.) Benth., which belongs to the Leguminosae family, exhibits resistance to many crop pests in agricultural production. Pomacea canaliculata is an important invasive snail in rice fields and causes severe yield losses. To evaluate the toxicity of P. peduncularis to P. canaliculata, in this study the molluscicidal activity of root extracts of P. peduncularis was tested against P. canaliculata; the active compounds were isolated, and the structures of these compounds were analysed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis and mass spectral analysis.


RESULTS
Our results showed that the molluscicidal activity of the root crude extract differed between P. canaliculata with different shell diameters after treatment for 72 h. The median lethal concentration (LC50) was 5.511 mg L-1against snails of 1.5 ± 0.2 cm diameter and 12.383 mg L-1against snails of 2.5 ± 0.2 cm diameter. Furthermore, two active ingredients isolated from root methanol extracts were identified as pedunsaponin A and pedunsaponin C. Both pedunsaponin A and pedunsaponin C showed strong molluscicidal activities, with LC50values of 3.893 and 4.252 mg L-1, respectively, against snails with shell diameters of 1.5 ± 0.2 cm after treatment for 72 h.


CONCLUSIONS
Pueraria peduncularis extracts exhibit high molluscicidal activity and have great potential value for exploring a molluscicide to control Pomacea canaliculata. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
ChunPing
C
Yang
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Min
M
Zhang
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Bo
B
Lei
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
GuoShu
G
Gong
College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
GuiZhou
G
Yue
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
XiaoLi
X
Chang
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
XiaoFang
X
Sun
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Yue
Y
Tian
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
HuaBao
H
Chen
D000818:Animals; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008975:Molluscacides / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D029908:Pueraria / Q000737:chemistry*; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry; D012908:Snails
D008975:Molluscacides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins
Pomacea canaliculata; Pueraria peduncularis; molluscicidal activity; pedunsaponin A; pedunsaponin C