Are salty liquid food flavorings in vitro antitumor substances?
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative, cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of salty liquid synthetic flavorings of Butter, Cheddar Cheese and Onion. The antiproliferative potential (2.9-1500 µg/mL) was assessed by MTT assay after 72h using the human tumor lines SF-295 (glioblastoma), OVCAR-8 (ovarian), HCT-116 (colon) and HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia) and primary cultures of murine Sarcoma 180 (S180) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Allium cepa bulbs were exposed to growing respective doses (1 mL and 2 mL). Only Butter and Cheddar flavorings revealed cytotoxic activity on cancer cells, with IC50 values ranging from 125.4 µg/mL (Cheddar - HCT-116) to 402.6 µg/mL (Butter - OVCAR-8). Butter flavoring was the most cytotoxic on PBMC (136.3 µg/mL) and increased cell division rate in relation to the mitotic index but did not cause cellular aberrations. Onion and Cheddar flavorings reduced the mitotic index after 24h and 48h exposure, but only Onion flavoring resulted in cellular aberrations and mitotic spindle abnormalities, such as anaphase and telophase bridges, micronucleated cells, conchicine-metaphases and amplifications. So, Butter, Onion and/or Cheddar flavorings caused significant changes in the division of meristematic cells of A. cepa and presented cytotoxic action even on decontrolled proliferating human tumor cells.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Rua Cícero Duarte, 905, 64607-670 Picos, PI, Brasil.
Francisco R S
FR
Carvalho
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Rua Cícero Duarte, 905, 64607-670 Picos, PI, Brasil.
Antonio G
AG
Moura
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Rua Cícero Duarte, 905, 64607-670 Picos, PI, Brasil.
Gardenia F
GF
Rodrigues
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Avenida Universitária, lado ímpar, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brasil.
Narcia M F
NM
Nunes
Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
Daisy J B
DJ
Lima
Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
Claudia
C
Pessoa
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Avenida Universitária, lado ímpar, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brasil.|Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Avenida Universitária, lado ímpar, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brasil.
Marcilia P
MP
Costa
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Avenida Universitária, lado ímpar, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brasil.|Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Laboratório de Cancerologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Avenida Universitária, lado ímpar, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brasil.
Paulo M P
PM
Ferreira
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Rua Cícero Duarte, 905, 64607-670 Picos, PI, Brasil.
Ana Paula
AP
Peron
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002079:Butter; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002611:Cheese; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005421:Flavoring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005562:Formazans; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects*; D018519:Meristem / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D008940:Mitotic Index; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology; D019697:Onions / Q000187:drug effects; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003603:Cytotoxins; D005421:Flavoring Agents; D005562:Formazans; D009153:Mutagens; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C079782:MTT formazan; D002079:Butter