Predictors of incomplete immunization coverage among one to five years old children in Togo.
Incompleteness of vaccination coverage among children is a major public health concern because itcontinues to sustain a high prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases in some countries. In Togo, very few data on the factors associated with incomplete vaccination coverage among children have been published. We determined the prevalence of incomplete immunization coverage in children aged one to five years in Togo and associated factors.



This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the 2010 Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS4) conducted in 2010 among children aged 1 to 5 years in Togo. This survey was conducted over a period of two months from September to November, 2010.



During Togo'sMICS4 survey, 2067 children met the inclusion criteria for our study. Female children accounted for 50.9 % (1051/2067) of the sample and 1372 (66.4 %) lived in rural areas. The majority of children (92.2 %; 1905/2067) lived with both parents and 30 % of the head of households interviewed were not schooled (620/2067). At the time of the survey, 36.2 % (750/2067) of the children had not received all vaccines recommended by Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with incompleteness of immunization at 1 year were: health region of residences (Maritime aOR = 0.650; p = 0.043; Savanes: aOR = 0.324; p <0.001), non-schooled mother (aOR = 1.725; p = 0.002),standard of living (poor: aOR = 1.668; p = 0.013; medium: aOR = 1.393; p = 0.090) and the following characteristics of the household heads: sex (aOR = 1.465; p = 0.034), marital status (aOR = 1.591; p = 0.032), education level(non-educated: aOR = 1.435; p = 0.027.



The incomplete immunization coverage among children in Togo remains high. It is necessary to strengthen health promotion among the population in order to improve the use of immunization services that are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality among under five years old children.
World Health Organization, Country office, Togo, Lomé, Togo. mlandoh@yahoo.fr.
Dadja Essoya
DE
Landoh
Division de l'épidémiologie, Ministère de la Santé du Togo, Lomé, Togo.
Farihétou
F
Ouro-Kavalah
Aix-Marseille Université INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé &Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France.|ORS PACA, Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Marseille, France.|Unité de Recherche Démographique (URD) Université, Lomé, Togo.
Issifou
I
Yaya
World Health Organization, Headquarters, Genève, Switzerland.
Anna-Lea
AL
Kahn
African Field Epidemiology Network (AFENET), Kampala, Uganda.
Peter
P
Wasswa
Division de l'épidémiologie, Ministère de la Santé du Togo, Lomé, Togo.
Anani
A
Lacle
Division de l'épidémiologie, Ministère de la Santé du Togo, Lomé, Togo.
Danladi Ibrahim
DI
Nassoury
African Field Epidemiology Network (AFENET), Kampala, Uganda.
Sheba Nakacubo
SN
Gitta
Institut supérieur des sciences de la population (ISSP), ISSP, Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Abdramane Bassiahi
AB
Soura
D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017589:Immunization Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D009035:Mothers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014037:Togo; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
Children; Immunization; Togo; Vaccine coverage