Differential structured illumination microendoscopy for in vivo imaging of molecular contrast agents.
Fiber optic microendoscopy has shown promise for visualization of molecular contrast agents used to study disease in vivo. However, fiber optic microendoscopes have limited optical sectioning capability, and image contrast is limited by out-of-focus light generated in highly scattering tissue. Optical sectioning techniques have been used in microendoscopes to remove out-of-focus light but reduce imaging speed or rely on bulky optical elements that prevent in vivo imaging. Here, we present differential structured illumination microendoscopy (DSIMe), a fiber optic system that can perform structured illumination in real time for optical sectioning without any opto-mechanical components attached to the distal tip of the fiber bundle. We demonstrate the use of DSIMe during in vivo fluorescence imaging in patients undergoing surgery for cervical adenocarcinoma in situ. Images acquired using DSIMe show greater contrast than standard microendoscopy, improving the ability to detect cellular atypia associated with neoplasia.
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030;
Pelham
P
Keahey
Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030;
Preetha
P
Ramalingam
Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.
Kathleen
K
Schmeler
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030; rkortum@rice.edu.
Rebecca R
0000-0003-2347-9467
RR
Richards-Kortum
D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D004724:Endoscopy; D004848:Epithelium / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008863:Microspheres
D003287:Contrast Media
cervical cancer; fluorescence; microendoscopy; molecular imaging; structured illumination