Complex Relations Between Phospholipids, Autophagy, and Neutral Lipids.
Research in the past decade has established the importance of autophagy to a large number of physiological processes and pathophysiological conditions. Originally characterized as a pathway responsible for protein turnover and recycling of amino acids in times of starvation, it has been recently recognized as a major regulator of lipid metabolism. Different lipid species play various roles in the regulation of autophagosomal biogenesis, both as membrane constituents and as signaling platforms. Distinct types of autophagy, in turn, facilitate specific steps in metabolic pathways of different lipid classes, best exemplified in recent studies on neutral lipid dynamics. We review the emerging notion of intricate links between phospholipids, autophagy, and neutral lipids.
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel.
Oren
O
Shatz
Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
Petter
P
Holland
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel. Electronic address: zvulun.elazar@weizmann.ac.il.
Zvulun
Z
Elazar
Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: anne.simonsen@medisin.uio.no.
Anne
A
Simonsen
D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000235:genetics*; D000071183:Autophagy-Related Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D001678:Organelle Biogenesis; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000378:metabolism; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000071183:Autophagy-Related Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; C483858:phosphatidylethanolamine
autophagosome; autophagy; lipid droplets; lipophagy; neutral lipids; phospholipids