Metabolic complications in liver transplant recipients.
The metabolic syndrome (MS), which includes obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and hyperglycaemia according to the most widely accepted definitions now used, is one of the most common post-transplant complications, with a prevalence of 44%-58%. The MS, together with the immunosuppression, is considered the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in transplant recipients, which in turn accounts for 19%-42% of all deaths unrelated to the graft. The presence of MS represents a relative risk for the development of CVD and death of 1.78. On the other hand, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), considered as the manifestation of the MS in the liver, is now the second leading reason for liver transplantation in the United States after hepatitis C and alcohol. NAFLD has a high rate of recurrence in the liver graft and a direct relation with the worsening of other metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus. Consequently, it is vitally important to identify and treat as soon as possible such modifiable factors as hypertension, overweight, hyperlipidaemia or diabetes in transplanted patients to thus minimise the impact on patient survival. Additionally, steroid-free regimens are favoured, with minimal immunosuppression to limit the possible effects on the development of the MS.
Miguel Jiménez-Pérez, Rocío González-Grande, Edith Omonte Guzmán, Víctor Amo Trillo, Juan Miguel Rodrigo López, UGC de Aparato Digestivo, Unidad de Hepatología-Trasplante Hepático, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
Miguel
M
Jiménez-Pérez
Miguel Jiménez-Pérez, Rocío González-Grande, Edith Omonte Guzmán, Víctor Amo Trillo, Juan Miguel Rodrigo López, UGC de Aparato Digestivo, Unidad de Hepatología-Trasplante Hepático, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
Rocío
R
González-Grande
Miguel Jiménez-Pérez, Rocío González-Grande, Edith Omonte Guzmán, Víctor Amo Trillo, Juan Miguel Rodrigo López, UGC de Aparato Digestivo, Unidad de Hepatología-Trasplante Hepático, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
Edith
E
Omonte Guzmán
Miguel Jiménez-Pérez, Rocío González-Grande, Edith Omonte Guzmán, Víctor Amo Trillo, Juan Miguel Rodrigo López, UGC de Aparato Digestivo, Unidad de Hepatología-Trasplante Hepático, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
Víctor
V
Amo Trillo
Miguel Jiménez-Pérez, Rocío González-Grande, Edith Omonte Guzmán, Víctor Amo Trillo, Juan Miguel Rodrigo López, UGC de Aparato Digestivo, Unidad de Hepatología-Trasplante Hepático, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
Juan Miguel
JM
Rodrigo López
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D050177:Overweight / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
Immunosuppressions; Liver transplantation; Metabolic syndrome; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Risk factors