Schinus terebinthifolius countercurrent chromatography (Part II): Intra-apparatus scale-up and inter-apparatus method transfer.
Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is being widely used across the world for purification of various materials, especially in natural product research. The predictability of CCC scale-up has been successfully demonstrated using specially designed instruments of the same manufacturer. The reality is that the most of CCC users do not have access to such instruments and do not have enough experience to transfer methods from one CCC column to another. This unique study of three international teams is based on innovative approach to simplify the scale-up between different CCC machines using fractionation of Schinus terebinthifolius berries dichloromethane extract as a case study. The optimized separation methodology, recently developed by the authors (Part I), was repeatedly performed on CCC columns of different design available at most research laboratories across the world. Hexane - ethyl acetate - methanol - water (6:1:6:1, v/v/v/v) was used as solvent system with masticadienonic and 3β-masticadienolic acids as target compounds to monitor stationary phase retention and calculate peak resolution. It has been demonstrated that volumetric, linear and length scale-up transfer factors based on column characteristics can be directly applied to different i.d., volume and length columns independently on instrument make in an intra-apparatus scale-up and inter-apparatus method transfer.
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Natural Products Research, CCS, Bloco H, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-11 590, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: fncosta@nppn.ufrj.br.
Fernanda das Neves
Fd
Costa
Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
Mariana Neves
MN
Vieira
Advanced, Bioprocessing Centre, Institute of Environment, Health & Societies, Brunel University London, UB8 3PH, UK.
Ian
I
Garrard
Advanced, Bioprocessing Centre, Institute of Environment, Health & Societies, Brunel University London, UB8 3PH, UK.
Peter
P
Hewitson
Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
Gerold
G
Jerz
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Natural Products Research, CCS, Bloco H, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-11 590, RJ, Brazil.
Gilda Guimarães
GG
Leitão
Advanced, Bioprocessing Centre, Institute of Environment, Health & Societies, Brunel University London, UB8 3PH, UK.
Svetlana
S
Ignatova
D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003377:Countercurrent Distribution / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D010936:Plant Extracts
Countercurrent chromatography; High performance countercurrent chromatography; High speed countercurrent chromatography; Inter-apparatus method transfer; Intra-apparatus scale-up; Schinus terebinthifolius