Coexisting with dependence and well-being: the results of a pilot study intervention on 75-99-year-old individuals.
The objective of this study is to design and implement an intervention program centered on preventing functional dependence.



A pre/post quasi-experimental (typical case) design study with a control group was conducted on a group of 75-90-year-old individuals with functional dependence (n = 59) at three nursing homes in Madrid (Spain). The intervention program consists of two types of activities developed simultaneously. Some focused on emotional well-being (nine 90-minute sessions, once per week), whereas others focused on improving participants' physical condition (two 30-minute sessions, twice per week). The simple randomized participants included 59 elderly individuals (Intervention Group = 30, Control Group = 29) (mean age 86.80) [SD, 5. 19].



Fifty-nine participants were analyzed. The results indicate that the program is effective in improving mood, lowering anxiety levels (d = 0.81), and increasing both self-esteem (d = 0.65) and the perception of self-efficacy (d = 1.04). There are improvements in systolic pressure and functional dependence levels are maintained. Linear simple regression (independent variable pre-Barthel) shows that the pre-intervention dependence level can predict self-esteem after the intervention.



We have demonstrated that the program is innovative with regard to bio-psychosocial care in elderly individuals, is based on actual practice, and is effective in increasing both self-esteem and self-efficacy. These variables positively affect functional capabilities and delay functional dependence.
Residencia de Mayores Santiago Rusiñol,Agencia Madrileña de Atención Social,Madrid,Spain.
M Teresa
0000-0002-0419-9331
MT
Rodríguez-Díaz
Departamento de Personalidad,Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico,Facultad de Psicología,Universidad de Granada,Campus Universitario de Cartuja,Granada,Spain.
M Nieves
MN
Pérez-Marfil
Departamento de Personalidad,Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico,Facultad de Psicología,Universidad de Granada,Campus Universitario de Cartuja,Granada,Spain.
Francisco
F
Cruz-Quintana
D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D000066498:Emotional Adjustment; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly / Q000523:psychology*; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011580:Psychological Techniques; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012649:Self Concept; D020377:Self Efficacy
anxiety; basic activities of daily living (BADL); functional dependence; intervention program; nonagenarian; octogenarian; self-esteem