Low-birth-weight, but not catch-up growth, correlates with insulin resistance and resistin level in SGA infants at 12 months.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the insulin resistance status in SGA infants at 12 months and its relationship with auxological and metabolic parameters.


METHODS
One group of 45 SGA and one of 50 appropriate for gestational age infants were followed from birth to the end of the first year of life. At 12 months, skinfold thickness, waist circumference, and blood levels of glucose, insulin, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin, retinol-binding protein 4, IGFs, lipids profile were determined, and the HOMA-IR index was calculated.


RESULTS
The SGAs had increased insulin (5.2 ± 2.7 versus 2.9 ± 2.4 μIU/ml, p = 0.012) and HOMA-IR (1.09 ± 0.9 versus 0.59 ± 0.55, p = 0.016). In multiple regression, insulin resistance indices were independently correlated with low-birth-weight (β = -2.92, p = 0.015 for insulin, β = -2.98, p = 0.011 for HOMA-IR) but not with catch-up growth in either height or weight or any other metabolic parameter. Resistin was higher in the SGAs (5.1 ± 2.1 versus 3.9 ± 2.1 ng/ml, p = 0.03) and independently correlated with low-birth-weight but not insulin resistance. Resistin was negatively correlated with total cholesterol (R = -0.33, p = 0.007) and positively with lipoprotein(a) (R = 0.49, p = 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Low-birth-weight, but not catch-up growth or adiposity tissue hormones, was correlated with insulin resistance at 12 months in non-obese SGA infants. The higher resistin in SGA infants and its correlation with total cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) need further clarification.
a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Child Health Department.
Vasileios
V
Giapros
a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Child Health Department.
Efthymia
E
Vavva
a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Child Health Department.
Ekaterini
E
Siomou
b Biochemistry Laboratory , and.
Georgios
G
Kolios
a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Child Health Department.
Sofia
S
Tsabouri
c Pediatric Research Laboratory , University of Ioannina , Ioannina , Greece.
Vasileios
V
Cholevas
b Biochemistry Laboratory , and.
Eleni
E
Bairaktari
a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Child Health Department.
Meropi
M
Tzoufi
c Pediatric Research Laboratory , University of Ioannina , Ioannina , Greece.
Anna
A
Challa
D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age / Q000097:blood* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood*; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D055105:Waist Circumference
D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D052243:Resistin; D002784:Cholesterol
IGFs; IUGR; Insulin resistance; adiponectin; leptin; lipids; resistin; small for gestational age; visfatin