Analysis of the diagnostic value of CD138 for chronic endometritis, the risk factors for the pathogenesis of chronic endometritis and the effect of chronic endometritis on pregnancy: a cohort study.
To investigate the role of CD138 immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of chronic endometritis (CE) and the risk factors for assisted conception patients having CE complications.



Ninety-three patients, with normal uterine shape confirmed by examination and who were planning to undergo assisted conception treatments, were selected as research subjects. Endometrial tissue was isolated for routine hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and CD138 immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, the disease histories of patients were collected, and the reproductive prognosis was followed up.



① CE detection rate: The rate of CD138 immunohistochemical staining was greater than that of HE staining (27.96 % vs. 26.89 %, P <0.05); ② Pregnancy rate: the pregnancy rate of CD138-positive patients (7.7 %) was lower than the pregnancy rate of CD138-negative patients (31.3 %) (p = 0.017 < 0.05); ③ The results from univariate analysis showed that a previous history of prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes, an abortion history, and complications of fallopian tube obstruction were associated with CE (P <0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis confirmed that prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes (P = 0.014, OR = 5.394, 95 % CI 1.405-20.699), a previous abortion history (P = 0.029, OR = 3.194, 95 % CI 1.125-9.073), and fallopian tube obstruction (P = 0.028, OR = 3.274, 95 % CI 1.139-9.415) were independent risk factors for positive CD138 results.



CD138 immunohistochemistry can improve the CE diagnosis rate. A previous history of prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes, an abortion history, and a history of fallopian tube obstruction are risk factors for chronic endometritis, and a CD138 immunohistochemical examination should be advised among them.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. fangchenyq@163.com.
Yu-Qing
YQ
Chen
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
Rui-Li
RL
Fang
Medical Records and Statistics Room, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
Yuan-Na
YN
Luo
Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
Can-Qiao
CQ
Luo
D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004716:Endometritis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006416:Hematoxylin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D053668:Syndecan-1 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014774:Virulence
D053668:Syndecan-1; D006416:Hematoxylin
CD138; Chronic endometritis; Infertility