Bioassay-Guided Fractionation and In Vitro Antiproliferative Effects of Fractions of Artemisia nilagirica on THP-1 cell line.
ABSTACT Artemisia nilagirica (Clarke) is a widely used medicinal herb in Indian traditional system of medicine. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of A. nilagirica extracts/fractions on inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis in a human monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cell line. The crude extracts (A. nilagirica ethyl acetate extract [ANE] and A. nilagirica methanolic extract [ANA]) showed cytotoxic activity toward THP-1 cells with the IC50 values of 38.21 ± 7.37 and 132.41 ± 7.19 µg/ml, respectively. However, the cytotoxic activity of active fractions (ANE-B and ANM-9) obtained after column chromatography was found to be much more pronounced than their parent extracts. The IC50 values of ANE-B and ANM-9 were found to be 27.04 ± 2.54 µg/ml and 12.70 ± 4.79 µg/ml, respectively, suggesting greater susceptibility of the malignant cells. Cell cycle analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) assay revealed that inhibition of cell growth by A. nilagirica fractions on THP-1 cells was mediated by apoptosis. Active fractions of A. nilagirica increased the expression levels of caspase-3, -7, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), a critical member of the apoptotic pathway. These results suggested that active fractions of A. nilagirica may play a promising role in growth suppression by inducing apoptosis in human monocytic leukemic cells via mitochondria-dependent and death receptor-dependent apoptotic pathways.
a Department of Plant Sciences , University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
Mir Zahoor
MZ
Gul
b Department of Animal Biology , University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
Sambamurthy
S
Chandrasekaran
c Department of Biochemistry , University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
Manjulatha
M
K
a Department of Plant Sciences , University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
Mohd Yasin
MY
Bhat
b Department of Animal Biology , University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
Radheshyam
R
Maurya
d Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
Insaf Ahmed
IA
Qureshi
a Department of Plant Sciences , University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
Irfan Ahmad
IA
Ghazi
D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry*; D001681:Biological Assay; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053179:Caspase 7 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000074084:THP-1 Cells
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D053148:Caspase 3; D053179:Caspase 7