Lung cancer in persons with HIV.
Lung cancer is emerging as a leading cause of death in HIV-infected persons. This review will discuss the latest scientific evidence regarding the mechanisms driving lung cancer risk in HIV infection, the clinical presentation of lung cancer in HIV-infected persons and recent data regarding the outcomes, treatment and prevention of lung cancer in this group.



Increased risk of lung cancer in HIV-infected persons is primarily due to higher smoking rates, but emerging evidence also implicates immunosuppression and inflammatory processes. Lung cancer outcomes may be worse in HIV-infected persons in the antiretroviral era, but this may stem, in part, from treatment disparities. Early detection of lung cancer using chest computed tomography (CT) is being increasingly adopted for smokers in the general population, and recent studies suggest that it may be safe and efficacious in HIV-infected smokers.



Lung cancer is an important complication associated with chronic HIV infection. It is associated with unique HIV-related causal mechanisms, and may be associated with worse outcomes in some HIV-infected persons. Smoking cessation and early cancer detection with chest CT are likely to benefit HIV-infected smokers.
aDivision of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA bDepartment of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, U1175-INSERM/UMI 233, IRD, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Keith
K
Sigel
Alain
A
Makinson
Jonathan
J
Thaler
D042241:Early Diagnosis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012307:Risk Factors