Sources of Information During the 2014 West Virginia Water Crisis: A Cross-Sectional Survey.
On January 9, 2014, a faulty storage tank leaked 10,000 gallons of an industrial coal-processing liquid into the Elk River in West Virginia, contaminating the drinking water of 9 counties collectively known as the Kanawha Valley. In the context of this event, we explored the relationship between social determinants and (1) the timeliness with which residents learned about the crisis, (2) the source of information, (3) opinions on the source of information, (4) information-seeking behaviors, and (5) knowledge acquired.



Between February 7 and 26, 2014, we conducted a survey of 690 adult residents of West Virginia. Descriptive statistics and multivariable statistical models were performed.



Information about water contamination spread quickly, with 88% of respondents from the affected counties hearing about the incident on the same day it occurred. Most people received the information from local television news (73%); social media users had 120% increased odds of knowing about the recommended behaviors. People who had a favorable opinion of the source of information demonstrated better knowledge of recommended behaviors.



The use of local television news during a crisis is important for timely dissemination of information. Information exposure across segments of the population differed on the basis of the population's background characteristics. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:196-206).
1Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Department of Biostatistics/Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Center,Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development,Boston,Massachusetts.
Elena
E
Savoia
2Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), McGraw-Patterson Center for Population Sciences/Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development,Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Center,Boston,Massachusetts.
Leesa
L
Lin
3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI),McGraw-Patterson Center for Population Sciences/Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences,Boston,Massachusetts.
Kasisomayajula
K
Viswanath
D055884:Chemical Hazard Release; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination / Q000379:methods*; D008402:Mass Media / Q000639:trends; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D062066:Water Resources / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D014903:West Virginia
chemical spill; crisis; emergency; information; knowledge; risk communication