Arsenic and phosphate rock impacted the abundance and diversity of bacterial arsenic oxidase and reductase genes in rhizosphere of As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata.
Microbially-mediated arsenic (As) transformation in soils affects As speciation and plant uptake. However, little is known about the impacts of As on bacterial communities and their functional genes in the rhizosphere of As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata. In this study, arsenite (AsIII) oxidase genes (aroA-like) and arsenate (AsV) reductase genes (arsC) were amplified from three soils, which were amended with 50mgkg-1As and/or 1.5% phosphate rock (PR) and grew P. vittata for 90 d. The aroA-like genes in the rhizosphere were 50 times more abundant than arsC genes, consistent with the dominance of AsV in soils. According to functional gene alignment, most bacteria belonged to α-, β- and γ-Proteobacteria. Moreover, aroA-like genes showed a higher biodiversity than arsC genes based on clone library analysis and could be grouped into nine clusters based on terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Besides, AsV amendment elevated aroA-like gene diversity, but decreased arsC gene diversity. Redundancy analysis indicated that soil pH, available Ca and P, and AsV concentration were key factors driving diverse compositions in aroA-like gene community. This work identified new opportunities to screen for As-oxidizing and/or -reducing bacteria to aid phytoremediation of As-contaminated soils.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
Yong-He
YH
Han
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
Jing-Wei
JW
Fu
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
Ping
P
Xiang
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
Yue
Y
Cao
Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States.
Bala
B
Rathinasabapathi
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, China. Electronic address: chenyanshan@nju.edu.cn.
Yanshan
Y
Chen
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States. Electronic address: lqma@ufl.edu.
Lena Q
LQ
Ma
D053502:Arsenate Reductases / Q000235:genetics*; D001151:Arsenic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D044822:Biodiversity; D020563:Gammaproteobacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D032495:Pteris / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D058441:Rhizosphere; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
D010710:Phosphates; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C078179:arsenite oxidase; D053502:Arsenate Reductases; D001151:Arsenic
Arsenate reductase; Arsenite oxidase; Gene community; Phosphate rock; aroA-like and arsC genes