An Experimental Study for Minimum Level of Decalcification to Detect the Osteolytic Bone Metastasis of Long Bone on Plain Radiography.
BACKGROUND
In 1951, Ardran reported that metastatic bone lesions could be detectable on plain radiography with 30% to 50% of decalcification. Authors performed experimental study for minimum level of decalcification to detect the osteolytic bone metastasis of long bone with recent technique of radiographs.


METHODS
One pair of fibula and humerus from two cadavers was cut into specimen 1 inch in length. Distal half of specimen was dipped into hydrochloride (HCl) with 15 min interval. All 16 specimens were checked by film-type radiography (FR), computed radiography (CR), digital radiography (DR). To exclude inter-observer's variance, 3 radiologists evaluated images. Calcium amount before and after decalcification was measured and expressed in percentage of decalcification.


RESULTS
Osteolytic changes were detectable with 11% to 16% of decalcification for fibula and 3% to 8% for humerus on plain radiography with FR, CR, and DR.


CONCLUSIONS
Our study showed that minimum of 3% and maximum of 16% of decalcification is necessary when osteolytic metastatic bone lesions of long bone could be detected on plain radiography.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
Jun Ho
JH
Baek
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
Il Hyung
IH
Park
Department of Medical and Health Science, Gyeongju University, Gyeongju, Korea.
Sung Hwa
SH
Seo
Bone metastasis; Decalcification technique; Osteolysis; Radiography