Prevalence and associated factors of TB/HIV co-infection among HIV Infected patients in Amhara region, Ethiopia.
BACKGROUND
Tuberculosis is one of the world's most common causes of death in the era of Human immunodeficiency virus. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of TB/HIV co-infection.


METHODS
Hospital based retrospective studies were conducted among adult HIV-positive patients. Logistic regression method and Chi square test were applied.


RESULTS
A total of 571 HIV positive study participants were enrolled. Of these, 158 (27.7%) were found to have pulmonary tuberculosis. Lower baseline CD4 count<200cell/µl, patients who drunk alcohol, patients who were ambulatory at the initiation of ART, patients whose marital status was single were significant predictors for increased risk of tuberculosis in PLWHIV (P <0.05). Non smoker patients, patients in WHO clinical stage I, patients in WHO clinical stage II and ownership of the house had significant protective benefit against risk of TB (P <0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection in adults on ART in our study was moderately high. Having advanced clinical status and presence of risk factors were found to be the predicting factors for co-infection. The health office should open TB/HIV co-infection units in the hospitals and health workers should be cautious when a patient has an advanced disease.
Department of Statistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Aweke Abebaw
AA
Mitku
Department of Statistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Zelalem Getahun
ZG
Dessie
Department of Statistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Essey Kebede
EK
Muluneh
Department of Statistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Demeke Lakew
DL
Workie
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D015996:Survival Rate; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
HIV/AIDS; Tuberculosis; co-infection; risk factors