May autophagy be a novel biomarker and antitumor target in colorectal cancer?
Autophagy is a catabolic process associated with intracellular self-digestion of damaged organelles or redundant proteins enabling maintenance of cell homeostasis. It is accepted that impaired autophagy is closely linked to cancer development and has been extensively studied in a variety of malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC) to elucidate its influence on carcinogenesis, metastasis and antitumor therapy response. CRC remains a great epidemiological problem because of poor 5-year survival and treatment resistance. Many studies concerning autophagy in CRC gave inconsistent and contradictory results, illustrating a multifaceted nature of this process. In this review, we focus on current knowledge of autophagy in CRC development to determinate its role as a potential prognostic and predictive biomarker as well as target in antitumor therapy.
Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Justyna
J
Gil
Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Karolina A
KA
Pesz
Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Maria M
MM
Sąsiadek
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001343:Autophagy; D000071187:Autophagy-Related Protein 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071186:Beclin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000071187:Autophagy-Related Protein 5; C491997:BECN1 protein, human; D000071186:Beclin-1; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C477012:MAP1LC3A protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins
ATG; BECN1; LC3; autophagosome; autophagy; colorectal cancer; gene expression; immunohistochemistry; protein expression