Effects of thiocyanate on granule-based anammox process and implications for regulation.
The feasibility of using anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process to treat industrial wastewater containing thiocyanate (SCN-) was examined in this study. Anammox activity decreased with increasing thiocyanate concentration and pre-exposure time in batch tests. A typical noncompetitive model was used to fit the data for thiocyanate inhibition, and the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of thiocyanate on anammox was 620.4mgL-1at 200mgL-1total nitrogen level. The influent thiocyanate concentration of test reactor (R1) in phase II gradually increased from 10 to 120mgL-1, and the average nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of R1was maintained at 83.0±7.82%. This robustness was attributed to the self-adaptation ability of anammox biomass through long-term acclimatization. The NRE was decreased to 57.1% under 130mgL-1thiocyanate within two days. However, the NRE of control reactor (R0) in absence of thiocyanate was 91.23±4.11% in this phase. Under thiocyanate stress, the specific anammox activity, settling velocity and heme c content of the granules significantly decreased, and the extracellular polymeric substances content slightly increased. The short- and long-term performance inhibition could be reversed in the presence of 10mgL-1Fe(III).
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
Qian-Qian
QQ
Chen
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
Hui
H
Chen
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
Zheng-Zhe
ZZ
Zhang
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China. Electronic address: guolixin2001@sohu.com.
Li-Xin
LX
Guo
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China. Electronic address: jrczju@aliyun.com.
Ren-Cun
RC
Jin
D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000254:growth & development*; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000032:analysis*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D009584:Nitrogen; D013861:Thiocyanates; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C031760:thiocyanate
Anammox; Granule characteristics; Inhibition; Recovery; Thiocyanate