The emerging role of obesity, diet and lipid metabolism in prostate cancer.
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of a number of serious medical conditions, including cancer. As far as prostate cancer is concerned, obesity is associated with an increased risk of high-grade tumors, which is possibly related to lower androgen levels. Diet may also affect prostate cancer risk since countries with a higher dietary fat intake also present higher prostate cancer mortality rates. Interestingly, prostate cancer is associated with a number of metabolic alterations that may provide valuable diagnostic and therapeutic targets. This review explores the available clinical as well as biological evidence supporting the relationship between obesity, diet, alteration in metabolic pathways and prostate cancer.
Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.
Matteo
M
Ferro
Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.
Daniela
D
Terracciano
Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, Oncology Division, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Carlo
C
Buonerba
Department of Emergency & Organ Transplantation - Urology, Andrology & Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Lucarelli
Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.
Danilo
D
Bottero
Department of Urology, National Cancer Institute of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Sisto
S
Perdonà
Urology Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Riccardo
R
Autorino
Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.
Alessandro
A
Serino
Division of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
Francesco
F
Cantiello
Division of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
Rocco
R
Damiano
UMF Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Iulia
I
Andras
Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, Oncology Division, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Sabino
S
De Placido
Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, Oncology Division, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Di Lorenzo
Department of Emergency & Organ Transplantation - Urology, Andrology & Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Michele
M
Battaglia
Division of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.|Department of Oncology & Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Barbara A
BA
Jereczek-Fossa
Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction & Odontostomatology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Vincenzo
V
Mirone
Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.|UMF Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.|University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Ottavio
O
De Cobelli
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism*
diet; obesity; urologic/prostate