Angiotensin converting enzyme serum activities: Relationship with Alzheimer's disease.
To determine serum activities of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) as a marker in diagnosis and determine the severity of Alzheimer's disease (AD), METHODS: We measured serum ACE activities in 59 moderate-severe AD, 19 mild AD, 45 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 39 controls.



We found that patients in moderate-severe AD stages showed significantly higher ACE in comparison to aMCI and controls (ANOVA, LSD post hoc test: p: 0.02 and p: 0.01, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed that if ACE activities added 200 U/L, the superiority of AD risk was 1.18 times higher than before compared with the control group (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.74; P=0.49). By means of multivariate linear regression analysis, we found that age (β coefficient: 7.77; P: 0.01) was significantly associated with ACE activities. However, ACE activities were found to be significantly negatively associated with measures of orientation and immediate recall among the AD patients (r<0, P<0.05), whereas ACE activities were not associated with any MMSE scores among the non-AD groups (P > 0.05).uuuu CONCLUSIONS: ACE serum activity that correlates with age is likely to constitute a potential risk factor for the development of AD. ACE serum activity might be a useful biomarker for disease status with increasingly high ACE from mild stage to moderate-severe stage. Moreover, patients with aMCI could take ACE inhibitor (ACEI) to decrease the incidence of AD, and patients with AD could take ACEI to retard cognitive decline in early AD.
Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Department of Neurology, Longkou People's Hospital, Longkou, Yantai, China.
Shan
S
Zhuang
Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Xin
X
Wang
Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Hai-Feng
HF
Wang
Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Jun
J
Li
Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Hong-Yan
HY
Wang
Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Han-Zhe
HZ
Zhang
Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. Electronic address: xingchengming@medmail.com.cn.
Cheng-Ming
CM
Xing
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D015415:Biomarkers; C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
Alzheimer's disease; Amnestic mild cognitive impairment; Angiotensin-converting enzyme; MMSE; Serum