Differences in Cytokine Production during Aging and Its Relationship with Antimicrobial Peptides Production.
Aging is a major health issue due to the increased susceptibility of elderly people to infectious, autoimmune, and cardiovascular diseases. Innate immunity is an important mechanism to avoid primary infections; therefore, decreasing of its activity may lead to development of infections. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effector molecules of innate immunity that can eliminate microbial invaders. The role that cytokines play in the regulation of these innate immune mechanisms needs to be explored. Serum determinations of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines were performed in order to evaluate their association with AMPs human beta-defensin (HBD)-2 and LL-37 in young adults, elder adults, and elder adults with recurrent infections. Our results showed differences in interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6 among the different groups. Inverse correlations in serum cytokine levels and HBD-2 production were identified for IL-10, IL-2, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6. Also inverse correlations were identified for IL-10, IL-4, and cathelicidin (LL-37). Such results could impact the development of immunomodulators that promote AMP production to prevent and/or contain infectious diseases in this population.
a Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas , Mexican Institute for Social Security , Zacatecas , Mexico.|b National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT) , Catedras-CONACyT , Mexico.
Julio E
JE
Castañeda-Delgado
a Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas , Mexican Institute for Social Security , Zacatecas , Mexico.
Isabel
I
Frausto-Lujan
c Chemical Sciences School , University Autonomous of Zacatecas, Zacatecas , Mexico.
Irma
I
González-Curiel
a Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas , Mexican Institute for Social Security , Zacatecas , Mexico.
Alejandra
A
Montoya-Rosales
a Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas , Mexican Institute for Social Security , Zacatecas , Mexico.
Carmen J
CJ
Serrano
a Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas , Mexican Institute for Social Security , Zacatecas , Mexico.
Flor
F
Torres-Juarez
a Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas , Mexican Institute for Social Security , Zacatecas , Mexico.
Jose A
JA
Enciso-Moreno
a Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas , Mexican Institute for Social Security , Zacatecas , Mexico.
Bruno
B
Rivas-Santiago
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007239:Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000097:blood*; D054804:Cathelicidins
D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D016207:Cytokines; C106641:DEFB4A protein, human; D023083:beta-Defensins; D054804:Cathelicidins
Aging; cytokines; defensins; elderly; immunosenescence