Chitosan coated Ag/ZnO nanocomposite and their antibiofilm, antifungal and cytotoxic effects on murine macrophages.
In the present study, chitosan coated Ag/ZnO (CS/Ag/ZnO) nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CS/Ag/ZnO nanocomposite exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram positive (B. licheniformis and B. cereus) bacteria at 8 μg mL-1compared to Gram negative (V. parahaemolyticus. and P. vulgaris) bacteria. CS/Ag/ZnO nanocomposite effectively inhibited the biofilm growth of Gram positive bacteria compared to Gram negative bacteria at 30 μg mL-1. The hydrophobicity index and EPS (extracellular polysaccharide) production of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria was decreased after treatment with 30 μg mL-1of CS/Ag/ZnO nanocomposite. CS/Ag/ZnO nanocomposite showed effective control of fungal C. albicans biofilm (92%) at 50 μg mL-1. The inhibition of bacterial and fungal biofilms was clearly visualized under light and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). CS/Ag/ZnO nanocomposite was observed to be non toxic to RAW264.7 murine macrophages and no changes in the morphology of macrophages was observed under phase contrast microscopy. The study concludes that CS/Ag/ZnO nanocomposite is the promising candidate to be used as biomaterial against bacterial and fungal infections without any toxicity risk.
Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Rajagopalan
R
Thaya
Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Balasubramanian
B
Malaikozhundan
Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Sekar
S
Vijayakumar
Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Jeyachandran
J
Sivakamavalli
Department of Zoology, S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil, 629 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
Raja
R
Jeyasekar
Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Sathappan
S
Shanthi
Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: vaseeharanb@gmail.com.
Baskaralingam
B
Vaseeharan
R & D Wing, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chromepet, Chennai, 600044, Tamil Nadu, India.
Palaniappan
P
Ramasamy
School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.
Avinash
A
Sonawane
D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000378:metabolism; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000378:metabolism*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D012834:Silver; D048271:Chitosan; D015034:Zinc Oxide
Antibacterial; Antifungal; Biofilm; CS/Ag/ZnO composite; Cytotoxicity