Predictors of successful non-operative management of grade III & IV blunt pancreatic trauma.
BACKGROUND
Although surgery is the preferred treatment for grade III&IV pancreatic trauma, there is a growing movement for non-operative management. in blunt pancreatic trauma. Very few studies compare operative versus non-operative management in adult patients.


METHODS
Retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database was performed from 2004 to 2013 in the department of gastrointestinal surgery, NIMS, Hyderabad. Comparative analysis was performed between patients who failed versus those who were successfully managed with non-operative management.


RESULTS
34 patients had grade III/IV trauma out of which 8 were operated early with the remaining 26 initially under a NOM strategy, 10 of them could be successfully managed without any operation. Post-traumatic pancreatitis, Necrotizing pancreatitis, Ileus, contusion on CT, surrounding organ injuries are independently associated with failure of NOM on a univariate analysis. On multivariate logistic regression presence of necrosis& associated organ injury are factors that predict failure of NOM independently. Development of a pseudocyst is the only significant factor that is associated with a success of NOM.


CONCLUSIONS
Non-operative measures should be attempted in a select group of grade III&IV blunt pancreatic trauma. In hemodynamically stable patients with a controlled leak walled off as a pseudocyst without associated organ injuries and pancreatic necrosis, NOM has a higher success rate.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana (Andhra Pradesh), 500082, India.
Suman B
SB
Koganti
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana (Andhra Pradesh), 500082, India.
Ravikanth
R
Kongara
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana (Andhra Pradesh), 500082, India.
Sateesh
S
Boddepalli
Department of Bio-statistics & Pharmacogenomics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana (Andhra Pradesh), 500082, India.
Naushad Shaik
NS
Mohammad
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana (Andhra Pradesh), 500082, India.
Venumadhav
V
Thumma
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana (Andhra Pradesh), 500082, India.
Bheerappa
B
Nagari
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana (Andhra Pradesh), 500082, India.
R A
RA
Sastry
AAST: American association for the surgery of trauma; ISGPF: International study group of pancreatic fistula; NOM: non-operative management