Clinical Presentation of Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease: A Scoping Review.
Up to 40% of all individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) are estimated to experience anxiety that interferes with daily functioning. This article describes research regarding the presentation of anxiety in PD and the influence anxiety has on participation in this population. A scoping review identified 1,635 articles, of which 49 met the inclusion criteria. This review identified that anxiety in PD is often associated with a range of clinical correlates related to demographic and clinical characteristics (age, gender, disease stage, duration, progression), motor symptoms (tremor, bradykinesia, dystonia, freezing of gait, symptom severity), treatment-related complications (on/off fluctuations, on with dyskinesia, unpredictable off), and non-motor symptoms (sleep abnormalities, fatigue, cognitive impairment, depression). These findings can be used to increase clinicians' awareness toward the specific clinical correlates linked to anxiety in PD so that mental health concerns can be detected and addressed more readily in practice.
School of Occupational Therapy, The University of Western Ontario, Canada Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.
Sara G
SG
Lutz
School of Occupational Therapy, The University of Western Ontario, Canada Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Canada Jeff.holmes@uwo.ca.
Jeffrey D
JD
Holmes
School of Occupational Therapy, The University of Western Ontario, Canada Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.
Emily A
EA
Ready
Clinical Neurological Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Canada Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.
Mary E
ME
Jenkins
School of Health Studies, The University of Western Ontario, Canada Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.
Andrew M
AM
Johnson
D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D020820:Dyskinesias / Q000209:etiology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life
Parkinson’s disease; mental health; occupational therapy; quality of life; scoping reviews