Na2CO3-responsive mechanisms in halophyte Puccinellia tenuiflora roots revealed by physiological and proteomic analyses.
Soil alkalization severely affects crop growth and agricultural productivity. Alkali salts impose ionic, osmotic, and high pH stresses on plants. The alkali tolerance molecular mechanism in roots from halophyte Puccinellia tenuiflora is still unclear. Here, the changes associated with Na2CO3 tolerance in P. tenuiflora roots were assessed using physiological and iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analyses. We set up the first protein dataset in P. tenuiflora roots containing 2,671 non-redundant proteins. Our results showed that Na2CO3 slightly inhibited root growth, caused ROS accumulation, cell membrane damage, and ion imbalance, as well as reduction of transport and protein synthesis/turnover. The Na2CO3-responsive patterns of 72 proteins highlighted specific signaling and metabolic pathways in roots. Ca(2+) signaling was activated to transmit alkali stress signals as inferred by the accumulation of calcium-binding proteins. Additionally, the activities of peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase, and the peroxiredoxin abundance were increased for ROS scavenging. Furthermore, ion toxicity was relieved through Na(+) influx restriction and compartmentalization, and osmotic homeostasis reestablishment due to glycine betaine accumulation. Importantly, two transcription factors were increased for regulating specific alkali-responsive gene expression. Carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes were increased for providing energy and carbon skeletons for cellular metabolism. All these provide new insights into alkali-tolerant mechanisms in roots.
Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.|Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
Qi
Q
Zhao
Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
Jinwei
J
Suo
Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Sixue
S
Chen
Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
Yudan
Y
Jin
Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
Xiaolin
X
Ma
Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
Zepeng
Z
Yin
Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Yuhong
Y
Zhang
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Tai
T
Wang
AB Sciex Asia Pacific Application Support Center, Shanghai 200233, China.
Ji
J
Luo
AB Sciex Asia Pacific Application Support Center, Shanghai 200233, China.
Wenhai
W
Jin
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Xia
X
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Zhiqiang
Z
Zhou
Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.|Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
Shaojun
S
Dai
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000468:Alkalies; D018533:Biomass; D002254:Carbonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D015870:Gene Expression; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006109:Poaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D040901:Proteomics; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D000468:Alkalies; D002254:Carbonates; D008670:Metals; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C005686:sodium carbonate