Biokinetics and tissue response to ultrananocrystalline diamond nanoparticles employed as coating for biomedical devices.
Although Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) has been proposed as a coating material for titanium biomedical implants, the biological effects and toxicity of UNCD particles that could eventually detach have not been studied to date. The biokinetics and biological effects of UNCD compared to titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles was evaluated in vivo using Wistar rats (n = 30) i.p. injected with TiO2, UNCD or saline solution. After 6 months, blood, lung, liver, and kidney samples were histologically analyzed. Oxidative damage by membrane lipidperoxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances-TBARS), generation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion- O2-), and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase-CAT) was evaluated in lung and liver. Histologic observation showed agglomerates of TiO2or UNCD in the parenchyma of the studied organs, though there were fewer UNCD than TiO2deposits. In addition, TiO2caused areas compatibles with foci of necrosis in the liver and renal hyaline cylinders. Regarding UNCD, no membrane damage (TBARS) or mobilization of enzymatic antioxidants was observed either in lung or liver samples. No variations in O2- generation were observed in lung (Co: 35.1 ± 4.02 vs. UNCD: 48 ± 9.1, p > 0.05). Conversely, TiO2exposure caused production of O2- in alveolar macrophages and consumption of catalase (p < 0.05). The studied parameters suggest that UNCD caused neither biochemical nor histological alterations, and therefore may prove useful as a surface coating for biomedical implants. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2408-2415, 2017.
School of Science and Technology, National University of San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Deborah R
DR
Tasat
School of Science and Technology, National University of San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Marcos E
ME
Bruno
Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|Research Fellow of the National Inter-university Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Mariela
M
Domingo
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States of America.
Pablo
P
Gurman
Departments of Materials Science and Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States of America.
Orlando
O
Auciello
Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
María L
ML
Paparella
General and Inorganic Chemistry Division, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Pablo
P
Evelson
Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
María B
MB
Guglielmotti
Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Daniel G
DG
Olmedo
D000818:Animals; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D058612:Nanodiamonds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D058612:Nanodiamonds; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
biokinetics; oxidative metabolism; titanium dioxide; ultrananocrystalline diamond nanoparticles