Chemical and functional characterization of seed, pulp and skin powder from chilto (Solanum betaceum), an Argentine native fruit. Phenolic fractions affect key enzymes involved in metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress.
The aim of this work was to assess the nutritional and functional components of powder obtained by lyophilization of whole fruits, seeds, pulp and skin from chilto (Solanum betaceum Cav) cultivated in the ecoregion of Yungas, Argentina. The powders have low carbohydrate and sodium content and are a source of vitamin C, carotenoid, phenolics, potassium and fiber. The HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the fractions enriched in phenolics allowed the identification of 12 caffeic acid derivatives and related phenolics, 10 rosmarinic acid derivatives and 7 flavonoids. The polyphenols enriched extracts before and after simulated gastroduodenal digestion inhibited enzymes associated with metabolic syndrome, including α-glucosidase, amylase and lipase and exhibited antioxidant activity by different mechanisms. None of the analyzed fruit powders showed acute toxicity or genotoxicity. The powders from the three parts of S. betaceum fruit may be a potential functional food and the polyphenol enriched extract of seed and skin may have nutraceutical properties.
Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Química del NOA (INQUINOA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
María Eugenia
ME
Orqueda
Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Química del NOA (INQUINOA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
Marisa
M
Rivas
Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Química del NOA (INQUINOA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
Iris Catiana
IC
Zampini
Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Química del NOA (INQUINOA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
María Rosa
MR
Alberto
Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Química del NOA (INQUINOA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
Sebastian
S
Torres
Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Química del NOA (INQUINOA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
Soledad
S
Cuello
Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Química del NOA (INQUINOA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
Jorge
J
Sayago
Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca 3460000, Chile.
Samanta
S
Thomas-Valdes
Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca 3460000, Chile.
Felipe
F
Jiménez-Aspee
Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca 3460000, Chile.
Guillermo
G
Schmeda-Hirschmann
Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Química del NOA (INQUINOA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina. Electronic address: misla@tucbbs.com.ar.
María Inés
MI
Isla
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D001118:Argentina; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000032:analysis; D053630:Depsides / Q000032:analysis; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008049:Lipase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis; D017419:Potassium, Dietary / Q000032:analysis; D011208:Powders / Q000737:chemistry; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
D000975:Antioxidants; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D002338:Carotenoids; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005419:Flavonoids; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D008049:Lipase; D064209:Phytochemicals; D028321:Plant Preparations; D059808:Polyphenols; D017419:Potassium, Dietary; D011208:Powders; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
Antioxidant capacity; Chilto; Metabolic syndrome; Seed, pulp and skin powder; Solanum betaceum