Violence and abuse of internally displaced women survivors of the 2010 Haiti earthquake.
OBJECTIVE
Limited research following disasters suggests that internally displaced women are disproportionately vulnerable to violence and abuse. An interdisciplinary collaborative of researchers and practitioners in Haiti, the US Virgin Islands, and the US Mainland investigated gender-based violence (GBV) pre- and post-earthquake and health outcomes among Haitian women living in tent cities/camps following the 2010 earthquake.


METHODS
A comparative descriptive correlational design using culturally sensitive and language appropriate computer-assisted interviews of 208 internally displaced women 2011-2013.


RESULTS
Found high rates of violence and abuse both before (71.2 %) and after (75 %) p = 0.266, the earthquake primarily perpetrated by boy friends or husbands. Significantly more mental and physical health problems were reported by abused than non-abused women. The majority (60-78 %) of abused women did not report personal or community tolerance for violence and abuse, but acknowledged a community context of limited involvement.


CONCLUSIONS
Coordinated planning and implementation of needed interventions are essential to provide a balanced approach to the care of displaced women after natural disasters with sensitivity to the abusive experiences of many women both before and after the disasters.
Caribbean Exploratory NIMHD Research Center, University of the Virgin Islands, US Virgin Islands, USA. dcampbe@uvi.edu.
Doris W
DW
Campbell
School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Jacquelyn C
JC
Campbell
College of Nursing, Office of Health Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Hossein N
HN
Yarandi
Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Annie Lewis
AL
O'Connor
Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Emily
E
Dollar
Frances Payne Bolton, School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Cheryl
C
Killion
School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Elizabeth
E
Sloand
Caribbean Exploratory NIMHD Research Center, University of the Virgin Islands, US Virgin Islands, USA.
Gloria B
GB
Callwood
Haiti Women's Project, Port Au Prince, Haiti.
Nicole M
NM
Cesar
Frances Payne Bolton, School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Mona
M
Hassan
Frances Payne Bolton, School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Faye
F
Gary
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018585:Battered Women / Q000523:psychology*; D004190:Disasters; D055866:Earthquakes; D005260:Female; D006205:Haiti; D006801:Humans; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D014754:Violence; D035862:Vulnerable Populations; D055815:Young Adult
Culturally sensitive research; Gender-based violence; Internally displaced disaster survivors; Intimate partner violence and abuse; Natural disasters and violence; Women’s health