Emu Oil Combined with Lyprinol™ Reduces Small Intestinal Damage in a Rat Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis.
Chemotherapy-induced mucositis is characterized by inflammation and ulcerating lesions lining the alimentary tract. Emu Oil and Lyprinol™ have independently demonstrated their therapeutic potential in intestinal inflammatory disorders, including mucositis. We investigated Emu Oil and Lyprinol™ in combination for their further potential to alleviate chemotherapy-induced mucositis in rats. Rats were gavaged with (1 ml) water, Olive Oil, Emu Oil + Olive Oil, Lyprinol™ + Olive Oil or Emu Oil + Lyprinol™ from Days 0 to 7, injected with saline (control) or 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) on Day 5 and euthanized on Day 8. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (indicative of acute inflammation), histological severity scores, and intestinal architecture were quantified. Myeloperoxidase activity was significantly increased in the jejunum and ileum following 5-FU, compared to saline controls. Both Olive Oil and Emu Oil + Lyprinol™ significantly reduced jejunal MPO levels (1.8-fold and 1.7-fold, respectively), whereas only Emu Oil + Lyprinol™ significantly decreased ileal MPO levels, relative to 5-FU controls. All oil treatments decreased histological severity scores in the jejunum and ileum, and normalized crypt depth in the mid small intestine, relative to 5-FU controls. Emu Oil combined with Lyprinol™ partially reduced acute small intestinal inflammation. Isolating bioactive constituents of these naturally sourced oils could provide a more targeted strategy to protect against intestinal mucositis.
a School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research, Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch , Western Australia.|b Department of Gastroenterology , Women's and Children's Hospital , North Adelaide , South Australia.|c Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , South Australia.
Suzanne
S
Mashtoub
d School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus , Roseworthy , South Australia.
Lorrinne S
LS
Lampton
d School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus , Roseworthy , South Australia.
Georgina L
GL
Eden
b Department of Gastroenterology , Women's and Children's Hospital , North Adelaide , South Australia.
Ker Y
KY
Cheah
d School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus , Roseworthy , South Australia.|e Women's and Children's Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital , North Adelaide , South Australia.
Kerry A
KA
Lymn
c Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , South Australia.
Juliana E
JE
Bajic
b Department of Gastroenterology , Women's and Children's Hospital , North Adelaide , South Australia.|c Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , South Australia.|d School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus , Roseworthy , South Australia.
Gordon S
GS
Howarth
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D065468:Dasyproctidae; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004751:Enteritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D052016:Mucositis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D015415:Biomarkers; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D008055:Lipids; D009821:Oils; D000069463:Olive Oil; D020011:Protective Agents; C418997:lyprinol; C575034:emu Oil; D005472:Fluorouracil