Comparison of the performance of forward fill/flush and reverse fill/flush flow modulation in comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.
The performances of forward flow fill and flush (FFF) and of reverse flow fill and flush (RFF) in flow modulated comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) using the same volume of the sampling channel have been studied and compared. Sample models include a reference mixture of hydrocarbons at low concentration, a petroleum reformate product and the essential oil of Rosa damascena Miller. The latter samples contain solutes in different concentrations but some up to 30% allowing to study overloading phenomena in detail. For solutes injected at low quantity, the performance of FFF and RFF is similar. For solutes present in a sample at high quantity, RFF guarantees less broadening and spreading resulting in better quantitation.
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, STU, Bratislava, Slovakia. Electronic address: jan.krupcik@stuba.sk.
Jan
J
Krupčík
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, STU, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Roman
R
Gorovenko
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, STU, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Ivan
I
Špánik
Research Institute for Chromatography, Kortrijk, Belgium.
Pat
P
Sandra
Agilent Technologies, Wilmington, DE, USA.
Matthew
M
Giardina
D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards*; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis; D027826:Rosa / Q000737:chemistry
D006838:Hydrocarbons; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010578:Petroleum
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography; Flow modulation; Forward fill/flush flow; Quantitation; Reversed fill/flush flow