Sol-gel derived bioactive coating on zirconia: Effect on flexural strength and cell proliferation.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sol-gel derived bioactive coatings on the biaxial flexural strength and fibroblast proliferation of zirconia, aimed to be used as an implant abutment material. Yttrium stabilized zirconia disc-shaped specimens were cut, ground, sintered, and finally cleansed ultrasonically in each of acetone and ethanol for 5 minutes. Three experimental groups (n = 15) were fabricated, zirconia with sol-gel derived titania (TiO2) coating, zirconia with sol-gel derived zirconia (ZrO2) coating, and non-coated zirconia as a control. The surfaces of the specimens were analyzed through images taken using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a non-contact tapping mode atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to record the surface topography and roughness of the coated specimens. Biaxial flexural strength values were determined using the piston-on-three ball technique. Human gingival fibroblast proliferation on the surface of the specimens was evaluated using AlamarBlue assay™. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. Additionally, the biaxial flexural strength data was also statistically analyzed with the Weibull distribution. The biaxial flexural strength of zirconia specimens was unaffected (p > 0.05). Weibull modulus of TiO2coated and ZrO2coated groups (5.7 and 5.4, respectively) were lower than the control (8.0). Specimens coated with ZrO2showed significantly lower fibroblast proliferation compared to other groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, sol-gel derived coatings have no influence on the flexural strength of zirconia. ZrO2coated specimens showed significantly lower cell proliferation after 12 days than TiO2coated or non-coated control. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2401-2407, 2017.
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.|Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland.
Khalil
K
Shahramian
Clinic of Oral Diseases, Turku University Central Hospital, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
Heidi
H
Leminen
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
Ville
V
Meretoja
Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland.
Paula
P
Linderbäck
Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland.
Ilkka
I
Kangasniemi
Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland.|Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
Lippo
L
Lassila
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.|Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland.|Department of General Practice, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Aous
A
Abdulmajeed
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.|Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland.|Clinic of Oral Diseases, Turku University Central Hospital, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
Timo
T
Närhi
D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D044367:Phase Transition; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C009495:titanium dioxide; D015040:Zirconium; D014025:Titanium; C028541:zirconium oxide
bioactive coating; dental implant; flexural strength; sol-gel; zirconia