Reuse of Organomineral Substrate Waste from Hydroponic Systems as Fertilizer in Open-Field Production Increases Yields, Flavonoid Glycosides, and Caffeic Acid Derivatives of Red Oak Leaf Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Much More than Synthetic Fertilizer.
Effects of organic waste from a hydroponic system added with minerals (organomineral fertilizer) and synthetic fertilizer on major polyphenols of red oak leaf lettuce using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(3) were investigated. Interestingly, contents of the main flavonoid glycosides and caffeic acid derivatives of lettuce treated with organomineral fertilizer were equal to those synthesized without soil additives. This was found although soil nutrient concentrations, including that of nitrogen, were much lower without additives. However, lettuce treated with synthetic fertilizer showed a significant decrease in contents of caffeic acid derivatives and flavonoid glycosides up to 78.3 and 54.2%, respectively. It is assumed that a negative effect of a high yield on polyphenols as described in the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis can be counteracted by (i) a higher concentration of Mg or (ii) optimal physical properties of the soil structure. Finally, the organomineral substrate waste reused as fertilizer and soil improver resulted in the highest yield (+78.7%), a total fertilizer saving of 322 kg ha(-1) and waste reduction in greenhouses.
Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer - Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Division Biosystems Engineering, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Dennis
D
Dannehl
INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research), University Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institute Sophia Agrobiotech , 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France.
Christine
C
Becker
Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries , Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany.
Johanna
J
Suhl
Institute for Product Quality , Wagner-Régeny-Strasse 8, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
Melanie
M
Josuttis
Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer - Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Division Biosystems Engineering, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Uwe
U
Schmidt
D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000032:analysis*; D018527:Hydroponics; D018545:Lactuca / Q000737:chemistry*; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
D002109:Caffeic Acids; D005308:Fertilizers; D005419:Flavonoids; D006027:Glycosides; D010636:Phenols; D012987:Soil; C040048:caffeic acid
HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS; anthocyanin; caffeic acid derivatives; flavonoid glycosides; flavonol and flavone glycosides; mineral fertilizer; organomineral fertilizer; red oak leaf lettuce; substrate waste