Additional helmet and pack loading reduce situational awareness during the establishment of marksmanship posture.
The pickup of visual information is critical for controlling movement and maintaining situational awareness in dangerous situations. Altered coordination while wearing protective equipment may impact the likelihood of injury or death. This investigation examined the consequences of load magnitude and distribution on situational awareness, segmental coordination and head gaze in several protective equipment ensembles. Twelve soldiers stepped down onto force plates and were instructed to quickly and accurately identify visual information while establishing marksmanship posture in protective equipment. Time to discriminate visual information was extended when additional pack and helmet loads were added, with the small increase in helmet load having the largest effect. Greater head-leading and in-phase trunk-head coordination were found with lighter pack loads, while trunk-leading coordination increased and head gaze dynamics were more disrupted in heavier pack loads. Additional armour load in the vest had no consequences for Time to discriminate, coordination or head dynamics. This suggests that the addition of head borne load be carefully considered when integrating new technology and that up-armouring does not necessarily have negative consequences for marksmanship performance. Practitioner Summary: Understanding the trade-space between protection and reductions in task performance continue to challenge those developing personal protective equipment. These methods provide an approach that can help optimise equipment design and loading techniques by quantifying changes in task performance and the emergent coordination dynamics that underlie that performance.
a Motor Control Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.
Jongil
J
Lim
a Motor Control Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.|b Naval Special Warfare Command, N8 Survival Systems , Coronado , CA , USA.
Christopher J
CJ
Palmer
a Motor Control Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.
Michael A
MA
Busa
a Motor Control Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.
Avelino
A
Amado
a Motor Control Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.
Luis D
LD
Rosado
a Motor Control Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.
Scott W
SW
Ducharme
a Motor Control Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.
Darnell
D
Simon
a Motor Control Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.
Richard E A
REA
Van Emmerik
D000328:Adult; D001364:Awareness; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004867:Equipment Design; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006260:Head Protective Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology; D011187:Posture; D011481:Protective Clothing / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D016474:Weight-Bearing
Coordination; personal protective equipment; situational awareness; survivability; task performance