Maternal Interleukin Genotypes Are Associated With NICU Outcomes Among Low-Birth-Weight Infants.
BACKGROUND
Maternal interleukin (IL) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with obstetrical outcomes. Conversely, infant SNPs are associated with subsequent neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) outcomes. Little is known about relationships between maternal SNPs and neonatal outcomes.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the relationships between maternal IL genotypes and neonatal outcomes.


METHODS
An ancillary study was conducted among mothers ( N = 63) who delivered very low-birth-weight infants ( N = 74). Maternal DNA was extracted from breast milk and genotyped. Outcomes included fecal calprotectin, length of stay, scores for neonatal acute physiology with perinatal extension (SNAPPE-II), weight gain, oxygen needs, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, retinopathy of prematurity, blood transfusions, and feeding intolerance. Multivariate analyses examined the relationships between maternal IL SNPs and outcomes, controlling for gestational age and the ratio of maternal milk to total milk.


RESULTS
Absence of a minor allele in 2 IL6 SNPs was associated with fecal calprotectin ( p = .0222, p = .0429), length of stay ( p = .0158), SNAPPE-II ( p = .0497), weight gain ( p = .0272), and days on oxygen ( p = .0316). IL6 genotype GG (rs1800795) was associated with length of stay ( p = .0034) and calprotectin ( p = .0213). Minor-allele absence in 2 IL10 SNPs was associated with days on oxygen ( p = .0320). There were associations between IL10 genotype TT (rs1800871) and calprotectin ( p = .0270) and between IL10 genotypes AA (rs1800872 and rs1800896) and calprotectin ( p = .0158, p = .0045).


CONCLUSIONS
Maternal IL SNPs are associated with NICU outcomes. A potential clinical application includes an antenatal risk profile to identify neonatal needs.
1 Health Promotion & Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Kelley L
KL
Baumgartel
2 College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.|3 College of Medicine Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Maureen W
MW
Groer
1 Health Promotion & Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Susan M
SM
Cohen
4 School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Dianxu
D
Ren
5 School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Diane L
DL
Spatz
1 Health Promotion & Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Yvette P
YP
Conley
SNAPPE-II; calprotectin; human milk; interleukin; prematurity; single nucleotide polymorphism