Arctigenin Inhibits Lung Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Cell Viability and Metastatic Phenotypes.
Arctigenin (ARC) has been shown to have an anti-cancer effect in various cell types and tissues. However, there have been no studies concerning metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated the anti-metastatic properties of ARC on colorectal metastasis and present a potential candidate drug. ARC induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CT26 cells through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway via MAPKs signaling. In several metastatic phenotypes, ARC controlled epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through increasing the expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin and decreasing the expressions of mesenchymal markers; N-cadherin, vimentin, β-catenin, and Snail. Moreover, ARC inhibited migration and invasion through reducing of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expressions. In an experimental metastasis model, ARC significantly inhibited lung metastasis of CT26 cells. Taken together, our study demonstrates the inhibitory effects of ARC on colorectal metastasis.
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. dygks1867@hanmail.net.
Yo-Han
YH
Han
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. keejy8627@naver.com.|Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. keejy8627@naver.com.
Ji-Ye
JY
Kee
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. dr0marvin@naver.com.
Dae-Seung
DS
Kim
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. wjdrjs92@hanmail.net.
Jeong-Geon
JG
Mun
Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. jeongmy1@hanmail.net.
Mi-Young
MY
Jeong
Isotope Sciences Lab, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. parksh@kaeri.re.kr.
Sang-Hyun
SH
Park
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. bmchoi@wonkwang.ac.kr.
Byung-Min
BM
Choi
Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. parksj0822@hanmail.net.
Sung-Joo
SJ
Park
Department of Herb Science, Dong-eui institute of technology, 54 Yangji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47230, Korea. herb@dit.ac.kr.
Hyun-Jung
HJ
Kim
Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea. jyum@khu.ac.kr.
Jae-Young
JY
Um
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea. jooklim@wku.ac.kr.
Seung-Heon
SH
Hong
D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017705:Lignans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005663:Furans; D017705:Lignans; C071942:arctigenin
Arctigenin; apoptosis; colorectal cancer; lung metastasis