Circulating early biomarkers of atherogenesis in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) without diabetes or cardiovascular disease.
OBJECTIVE
Our aim was to describe the distribution of selected biomarkers according to age and sex, adjusted for HOMA-IR and adiposity, in a subset of middle-aged individuals of Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health-ELSA without diabetes mellitus or CVD.


METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 998 participants of the ELSA-Brasil without diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease. In addition to the traditional risk factors, several biomarkers concentrations were compared according to sex, age groups (35-44; 45-54 yrs) and HOMA-IR tertiles. Linear regression was used to examine independent associations of sex and age with selected novel biomarkers, adjusted for body adiposity and HOMA-IR.


RESULTS
Fifty-five percent were women. Men had higher mean values of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma glucose, HOMA-IR, worse lipid profile and higher E-selectin and lower leptin concentrations than women; while women had higher levels of HDL-cholesterol and leptin than men. Mean values of waist circumference, systolic BP, plasma glucose and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) increased with age in both sexes. Leptin and E-selectin concentrations increased across HOMA-IR tertiles. Independent associations of Apo B with age were found only in male sex, while of leptin with body mass index and HOMA-IR, and of E-selectin with HOMA-IR in both sexes.


CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, our data indicate age, sex, adiposity and, consequently, insulin resistance, influence circulating levels of Apo B, leptin and E-selectin, suggesting that those aspects should be taken into consideration when assessing these parameters for research or clinical purposes in individuals at relatively low cardiometabolic risk.
Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (FSP-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Bianca de
B
Almeida-Pititto
Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brasil.
Fernando Flexa
FF
Ribeiro-Filho
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Sandhi
S
Barreto
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
Bruce B
BB
Duncan
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
Maria Inês
MI
Schmidt
Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Paulo A
PA
Lotufo
Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Isabela M
IM
Bensenor
Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (FSP-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Sandra R G
SR
Ferreira
D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D015415:Biomarkers; D019040:E-Selectin; D020738:Leptin