Valparaiso's 2014 Fire: Evaluation of Environmental and Epidemiological Risk Factors During the Emergency Through a Crowdsourcing Tool.
OBJECTIVE
To describe and relate the main environmental risk factors in the emergency process after a large urban fire in Valparaiso, Chile, in April 2014.


METHODS
An observational, cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. All 243 reports from an ad hoc web/mobile website created on the Ushahidi/Crowdmap platform were reviewed. Reports were recorded in a new database with dichotomist variables based on either the presence or absence of the relevant category in each report.


RESULTS
Almost one-third of the reports presented data about garbage (30%) and chemical toilets (29%). Reports related to water, infrastructural damage, and garbage had significant associations with 4 categories by chi-square test. In the logistic regression model for chemical toilets, only the variable of water was significant (P value=0.00; model P value: 0.00; R2: 11.7%). The "garbage" category confirmed infrastructural damage (P value: 0.00), water (P value: 0.028), and vectors (P value: 0.00) as predictors (model P value: 0.00; R2: 23.09%).


CONCLUSIONS
Statistically significant evidence was found for the statistical dependence of 7 out of 10 studied variables. The most frequent environmental risk factors in the reports were garbage, chemical toilets, and donation centers. The highest correlation found was for damaged infrastructure, vectors, and garbage. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:239-243).
1School of Dentistry,Public Health Department,Universidad de Valparaíso,Valparaíso,Chile.
Sebastián Eduardo
SE
Espinoza Espinoza
2School of Medicine,Public Health Department,Universidad de Valparaíso,Valparaíso,Chile.
Anibal Enrique
AE
Vivaceta De la Fuente
1School of Dentistry,Public Health Department,Universidad de Valparaíso,Valparaíso,Chile.
Constanza Andrea
CA
Machuca Contreras
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D002677:Chile; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D063045:Crowdsourcing / Q000379:methods*; D005390:Fires; D005735:Garbage; D006801:Humans; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014038:Toilet Facilities; D014505:Urban Population / Q000639:trends
D000393:Air Pollutants
crowdsourcing; emergencies and disasters; environmental risk factors; epidemiology; urban fire