Sleep disorders in Latin-American children with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis and normal controls.
BACKGROUND
Asthma and/or allergic rhinitis have been associated with sleep disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep disorders in Latin-American children (4-10 years) from nine countries, with persistent asthma (A) and/or allergic rhinitis (AR) and in normal controls (C).


METHODS
Parents from 454 C children and 700 A and/or AR children followed up in allergy reference clinics completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) which is a retrospective one-week questionnaire composed of 33 questions composed of seven subscales (bedtime resistance, sleep duration, sleep anxiety, night wakings, parasomnias, sleep-disordered breathing and daytime sleepiness). The total scale of CSHQ and the subscales were compared between groups C and A+AR, A (n=285) vs. AR (n=390), and between controlled A (CA, n=103) vs. partially controlled/uncontrolled A (UA, n=182).


RESULTS
The comparison between C and A+AR showed no significant differences in age (6.7 years vs. 7.0 years, respectively), mean Body Mass Index and total scale of CSHQ (53.3 vs. 63.2, respectively) and the subscales were significantly higher in the A+AR group. Comparison between groups A and AR, except for sleep anxiety, showed significantly higher values for CSHQ total scale (66.9 vs. 61.0, respectively) and subscales for group A. The UA group showed significantly higher values for total CSHQ scale and subscales in comparison to CA (71.1 vs. 59.4, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Latin-American children with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis showed sleep disorders identified by the CSHQ when compared to normal controls. Despite being treated, asthma causes sleep impairment, especially when uncontrolled.
Unipampa Federal University, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
M
M
Urrutia-Pereira
Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: dirceu.sole@unifesp.br.
D
D
Solé
Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
H J
HJ
Chong Neto
Dr Avelino L. Castelán Pediatric Hospital, Chaco, Argentina.
V
V
Acosta
Hospital Universitario Metropolitano, Barranquilla, Colombia.
A M
AM
Cepeda
Hospital Universitario General Calixto García, Havana, Cuba.
M
M
Álvarez-Castelló
Centro de Asma y Alergia, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
C F
CF
Almendarez
Centro Médico San Angel, Xalapa, Mexico.
J
J
Lozano-Saenz
Clínica de Alergia y Asma, Asuncion, Paraguay.
J C
JC
Sisul-Alvariza
Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
N A
NA
Rosario
Centro de Medicina Avanzada Dr. Abel González, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
A J
AJ
Castillo
Hospital Pediatrico Pereira Rossell, Montevideo, Uruguay.
M
M
Valentin-Rostan
Clínica Regional del Este, Córdoba, Argentina.
H
H
Badellino
Centro Nacional de Biopreparados, Havana, Cuba.
R L
RL
Castro-Almarales
Centro de Pesquisa: Consultorios del médico de familia, Havana, Cuba.
M
M
González-León
Hospital Universitario Infantil Sur, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
C
C
Sanchez-Silot
Allergy Service of the Hospital ISSSTE, Veracruz, Mexico.
M M
MM
Avalos
Universidad Nacional Del Este, Asuncion, Paraguay.
C
C
Fernandez
Centro de Medicina Avanzada Dr. Abel González, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
F
F
Berroa
Centro de Medicina Avanzada Dr. Abel González, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
M M
MM
De la Cruz
ABC Foundation School of Medicine, Santo André, Brazil.
R O S
RO
Sarni
D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires