A mix of apple pomace polysaccharide improves mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress in the liver of high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
Apple pomace polysaccharides (APP), a free radical scavenger, is one of the major compounds derived from apple pomace. However, whether APP has beneficial effects on metabolic disorders is still unknown.



In the present study, water-soluble APP was isolated from the pomace of the locally abundant "Qinguan" apple and chemically characterized. Then, APP was orally administrated to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. We found that APP significantly reduced HFD-induced body weight gain and ameliorated HFD-induced hepatic metabolic disorders and oxidative stress. In a palmitate-loaded HepG2 cell model, APP protected the cells from palmitate-induced insulin resistance and loss of viability by suppressing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and rescuing mitochondrial respiratory function.



Our work suggests that APP, a promising bioactive food component, successfully improved obesity-associated hepatic metabolic disorder, most likely though the activation of hepatic mitochondrial function and the suppression of mitochondria oxidative stress.
Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Lei
L
Chen
College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
Lei
L
Liu
Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Caixia
C
Li
College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
ChengLi
C
Hu
College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
Fan
F
Su
Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Run
R
Liu
Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Mengqi
M
Zeng
Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Daina
D
Zhao
Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Jiankang
J
Liu
College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
Yurong
Y
Guo
Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Jiangang
J
Long
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008820:Mice, Obese; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010168:Palmitates / Q000009:adverse effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
D010168:Palmitates; D011134:Polysaccharides
Apple pomace polysaccharides; Hepatic metabolic disorder; High-fat diet; Mitochondrial function; “Qinguan”