[Genetic abnormality in 101 cases of plasma cell dyscrasias by FISH technology and cytogenetic examination].
OBJECTIVE
To investigate several abnormal genes by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in multiple myeloma (MM), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and reactive plasmacytosis (RP), and to increase the diagnosis and differential diagnosis levels for these common plasma diseases.


METHODS
The clinical manifestations, image and laboratory tests and the FISH detection were retrospectively analyzed in 61 cases of newly diagnosed MM, 20 cases of MGUS and 20 cases of RP from August, 2012 to February, 2015 in the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.


RESULTS
Fifty cases among 61 MM patients showed genetic abnormality by FISH technology. The total positive rate was 81.9%. Among them, 19 cases (31.1%) had 1q21 amplification, 18 cases (29.5%) lacked D13S319, 10 cases (16.4%) missed RB1, 10 cases (16.4%) had IGH translocation and 7 cases (11.4%) lacked p53 gene. The positive rate for two or more genes abnormal was 19.8% in 12 cases. However, in 20 cases of MGUS patients, the positive detection rate was 25%, including 4 cases (20%) of 1q21 augmentation and 2 cases (10%) of IGH translocation. There were not two or more abnormal genes in one case. While in RP cases, only 1 case of patients had D13S319 abnormal gene, and the positive rate was only 5%. There was significant difference (P<0.05) among the 3 groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The positive detection rate is 81.9% in MM patients by FISH, which is significantly higher than that in patients with MGUS or RP. FISH technology can detect a variety of abnormal genes in MM. It is useful for the differential diagnosis and prognosis for MM, MGUS and RP.
Department of Hematology, Xianya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Pengfei
P
Cao
Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Guiyuan
G
Li
Department of Hematology, Xianya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Qian
Q
Tan
Department of Hematology, Xianya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Ying
Y
Zhang
Department of Hematology, Xianya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Guoping
G
Zhang
Department of Hematology, Xianya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Xiaolin
X
Li
Department of Oncology, Xianya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Yuxiang
Y
He
D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008998:Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance; D009101:Multiple Myeloma; D010265:Paraproteinemias; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014178:Translocation, Genetic