Combined effects of AHR, CYP1A1, and XRCC1 genotypes and prenatal maternal smoking on infant birth size: Biomarker assessment in the Hokkaido Study.
We investigated the individual and combined effects of maternal polymorphisms encoding the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR; rs2066853), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 (rs1048963), and the X-ray-complementing gene 1 (XRCC1; rs1799782) and prenatal smoking in relation to infant birth size.



Totally, 3263 participants (1998 non-smokers and 1265 smokers) were included in the study between 2003 and 2007. Two groups of mothers were distinguished by plasma cotinine levels by ELISA measured during the third trimester (cut-off=11.48ng/mL). We conducted data analysis using multiple linear regression models.



Infants whose mothers smoked and had AHR-GG, CYP1A1-AG/GG, and XRCC1-CT/TT genotypes weighed, -145g less than those born of mothers who did not smoke and had the AHR-GA/AA, CYP1A1-AA, and XRCC1-CC genotypes (95% CI: -241, -50).



We demonstrated that infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy with the combination of AHR, CYP1A1, and XRCC1 polymorphisms had lower birth size.
Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan.
Sumitaka
S
Kobayashi
Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Health Center, Chuo University, 42-8, Ichigaya-Hommura-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8473, Japan.
Fumihiro
F
Sata
Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan.
Seiko
S
Sasaki
Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan.
Titilola Serifat
TS
Braimoh
Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
Atsuko
A
Araki
Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
Chihiro
C
Miyashita
Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
Houman
H
Goudarzi
Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
Sachiko
S
Kobayashi
Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan. Electronic address: rkishi@med.hokudai.ac.jp.
Reiko
R
Kishi
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001724:Birth Weight; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000235:genetics*; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics*; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human; C569463:CYP1A1 protein, human; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
Aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR); Birth size; Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1); Maternal smoking; X-ray – complementing gene 1 (XRCC1)