[The influence of condensate in the piezometric tube on patient ventilator interaction during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation].
OBJECTIVE
To study the effects of condensate in the piezometric tube on patient ventilator interaction during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.


METHODS
Eleven healthy adults volunteered to receive noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Different capacity of physiological saline was injected gradually into the piezometric tube until the volunteers could not trigger the ventilator or the total volume of the water reached 1.5 ml. The dynamic changes of the pressure of mask(Pmask), piezometric tube near mask (Ppro), piezometric tube near breathing machine(Pdis), and the flow were observed.


RESULTS
With increasing volume of saline injected, the trigger time TItri(Pmask) increased from 0.09(0.07-0.11) to 0.31(0.22-0.39)s, the trigger pressure TPtri(Pmask) increased from 0.26(0.15-0.33) to 2.29(1.76-3.09)cmH2O, and the pressure-time product PTP (Pmask) increased from 0.02(0.01-0.03) to 0.55(0.41-0.68) cmH2O·s. Ineffective triggering rate increased from 0 up to 9 times/min, and spurious triggering rate increased from 0 up to 33 times/min. The plateau pressure of Pmask and Ppro exceeded the preset parameters, increased significantly as compared with 0 ml, from (9.74±0.34)to (15.79±3.10) cmH2O and from(9.80±0.31) to(15.44±3.47) cmH2O. The change of plateau pressure of Pdis was not significant [from (9.85±0.29)to (12.58±2.64)cmH2O]. The baseline pressure of Pmask, Ppro and Pdis changed from (3.67±0.36) to (8.40±3.22) cmH2O, from (3.71±0.32) to (8.13±3.55) cmH2O and from( 3.77±0.32) to (5.36±1.25) cmH2O, respectively. The pressure fluctuation of platform of Pmask increased significantly compare with 0 ml, from 0.60(0.48-0.71) to 7.94(7.11-8.63)cmH2O. The frequency of fluctuation of platform increased as many as 7 times during a single respiratory period. The time when the pressure of the Pdis began to change was delayed to Pmask and Ppro, 0.11(0.08-0.12)s compared with 0 ml.


CONCLUSIONS
Condensate in the piezometric tube during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation could influence patient-ventilator synchrony. To improve patient ventilator interaction in noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, condensate in the piezometric tube should be avoided.
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases), Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China.
J Y
JY
Hu
Z G
ZG
Zheng
H N
HN
Lu
N
N
Liu
W L
WL
Wu
Y X
YX
Li
Y
Y
Xiong
X N
XN
Wang
R C
RC
Chen
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059725:Interactive Ventilatory Support / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008397:Masks; D063087:Noninvasive Ventilation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011312:Pressure; D012119:Respiration; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical