Lifestyle predictors of oxidant and antioxidant enzyme activities and total antioxidant capacity in healthy women: a cross-sectional study.
The aim of this study was to identify demographic and modifiable lifestyle factors that may be related to endogenous oxidant and antioxidant activity measured in blood specimens from putatively healthy women recruited at the Roswell Park Cancer Institute (Buffalo, NY, USA). Total glutathione (TGSH), catalase (CAT), CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured in 124 healthy women, and associations with epidemiological factors were tested using general linear models. There were significant differences in oxidant and antioxidant enzyme activities according to lifestyle factors, after adjusting for duration of blood storage and season of blood draw. Compared to women who consumed ≤2.8 servings of fruits and vegetables daily, those consuming >5.3 servings had on average 31 % lower MPO activity (p-trend = 0.02), as a marker of oxidative stress, 16 % higher antioxidant GPx activity (p-trend = 0.08), and 9 % higher TAC (p-trend = 0.05). Obese women (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30) in contrast showed 17 % lower antioxidant GPx activity, 44 % higher MPO activity (p-trend = 0.03), and 10 % higher TAC (p-trend = 0.03) compared to women with normal BMI < 25. Smoking was associated with higher TGSH activity (p-trend = 0.01) and lower TAC (p-trend = 0.05). Higher TAC levels were most strongly associated with increasing age (standardized β = 0.40, p < 0.0001), BMI (standardized β = 0.17, p = 0.03), and GPx activity (standardized β = 0.23, p = 0.005), and inversely associated with CuZn-SOD activity (standardized β = -0.14, p = 0.07). Physical activity levels, multivitamin use, and alcohol intake were not associated with TAC. Our data indicate that endogenous oxidant and antioxidant enzyme activities are associated with lifestyle factors and, therefore, may be potentially modifiable, with implications for risk reduction of chronic conditions related to oxidative stress.
Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan. amjada@just.edu.jo.|Princess Haya Biotechnology Center, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. amjada@just.edu.jo.
Amjad A
AA
Mahasneh
Department of Cancer Prevention & Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Yali
Y
Zhang
Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Hua
H
Zhao
Department of Cancer Prevention & Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Christine B
CB
Ambrosone
Department of Cancer Prevention & Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Chi-Chen
CC
Hong
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000097:blood; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
Fruit and vegetable intake; Lifestyle factors; Oxidant and antioxidant enzyme activity; Total antioxidant capacity