Changes in the heart rate recovery to endurance effort after high intensity interval, strength, and concurrent exercise training in patients with insulin resistance.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of three exercise training programs in the adaptation of the heart rate recovery of patients with insulin resistance.


METHODS
We studied 43 women with insulin resistance, which were assigned to three training groups: 1) high intensity interval training (HIT, age 39.0±10 years); 2) strength training (ST, age 33.9±9.4 years); 3) HIT+ST (MIXT, age 43.3±8.1 years); and 4) control group (CG, age 40.1±11 years). Heart rate was measured at rest (HRrest), during the 2-km-walking-test (UKKT) for mean (HRDE), and maximum (HRMDE) values, and during the recovery at one, two, and three minutes after the UKKT. Additionally, anthropometric measurements (body mass and body mass index) were assessed.


RESULTS
HIT significantly decreased HRrest and HRDE (-4.5% and -2% respectively, P<0.05). MIXT training also decreased HRDE in -3% whilst both average and maximal HR during UKK were significantly increased in the control group HRDE (+2% and +3% respectively). Moreover, there were significant reductions in HR recovery at 1, 2 and 3 minutes after both HIT and MIXT training, whereas these values were increased in control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that HIT induces meaningful cardiovascular adaptations in patient with insulin resistance, reducing heart rate at rest, as well as during and after exercise, and that complementary strength training increases these adaptations.
Department of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile - profecristian.alvarez@gmail.com.|Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sports, University of Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile - profecristian.alvarez@gmail.com.
Cristian
C
Álvarez
Department of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.
Rodrigo
R
Ramírez-Campillo
Department of Physical Education and Recreation, Faculty of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of la Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Cristian
C
Martínez
Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Finis Terrae University, Santiago, Chile.
Mauricio
M
Castro-Sepúlveda
School of Kinesiology, Institute of Locomotor System and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
Johnathan
J
Cano-Montoya
Department of Human Movement Science, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Rodrigo
R
Mancilla
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Marcelo
M
Flores-Opazo
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods; D012146:Rest; D000070857:Walk Test