A Dynamically Tunable, Bioinspired Micropatterned Surface Regulates Vascular Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells Growth at Vascularization.
Regulation of the growth of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with artificial vascular grafts at vascularization is well-known to regenerate functional blood vessels for treating cardiovascular disease; however, little research has been published on this subject. Here, a novel polymer vascular graft is presented, whose inner surface contains an assembled circular microgroove pattern decorated with a combination of concentric circular microgrooves and radial, straight microgrooves inspired by the orientation of SMCs and ECs in natural tissues. The surface micropatterns can produce dynamically tunable variations via the thermally switched shape memory. The results from the in vitro EC/SMC co-cultures reveal that the surface micropatterns have a great capacity to regulate the specific distribution of ECs/SMCs because the ECs grow along the radial, straight microgrooves and the SMCs grow along concentric circular microgrooves. The in vivo vascularization is further analyzed by implanting the vascular graft in the rabbit carotid artery. Both histological analysis and immunofluorescence staining demonstrate that it is capable of highly effectively capturing ECs and SMCs in the blood and subsequent regeneration of new blood vessels. Therefore, this study opens a new possibility for regenerating neovessels to replace and repair damaged vessels for cardiovascular diseases treatment.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, P. R. China.
Tao
T
Gong
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, P. R. China.
Kun
K
Zhao
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, P. R. China.
Xian
X
Liu
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, P. R. China.
Liuxuan
L
Lu
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, P. R. China.
Dian
D
Liu
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, P. R. China. shaobingzhou@hotmail.com.
Shaobing
S
Zhou
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D013499:Surface Properties; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; C016240:polycaprolactone; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols
co-culture; dynamic change; microgrooves; shape memory; vascular tissue engineering