The global epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are an important and increasing threat to global health. Both clonal spread and plasmid-mediated transmission contribute to the ongoing rise in incidence of these bacteria. Among the 4 classes of β-lactamases defined by the Ambler classification system, the carbapenemases that confer carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae belong to 3 of them: Class A (K. pneumoniae carbapenemases, KPC), Class B (metallo-β-lactamases, MBL including New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases, NDM) and Class D (OXA-48-like carbapenemases). KPC-producing CPE are the most commonly occurring CPE in the United States. MBL-producing CPE have been most commonly associated with the Indian Subcontinent as well as with specific countries in Europe, including Romania, Denmark, Spain, and Hungary. The epicenter of OXA-48-like-producing is in Turkey and surrounding countries. Detailed knowledge of the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of CPE is essential to stem the spread of these pathogens.
a Division of Infectious Diseases , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
David
D
van Duin
b Division of Infectious Diseases , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.
Yohei
Y
Doi
D000073182:Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D058873:Pandemics
carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; carbapenemases; epidemiology; global; plasmid