Taste and Safety: Is the Exceptional Cuisine Offered by High End Restaurants Paralleled by High Standards of Food Safety?
BACKGROUND
Restaurant guides such as the Good Food Guide Top 50 create a hierarchy focussing on taste and sophistication. Safety is not explicitly included. We used restaurant associated outbreaks to assess evidence for safety.


METHODS
All foodborne disease outbreaks in England reported to the national database from 2000 to 2014 were used to compare the Top 50 restaurants (2015) to other registered food businesses using the Public Health England (PHE) outbreak database. Health Protection Teams were also contacted to identify any outbreaks not reported to the national database. Among Good Food Guide Top 50 restaurants, regression analysis estimated the association between outbreak occurrence and position on the list.


RESULTS
Four outbreaks were reported to the PHE national outbreak database among the Top 50 giving a rate 39 times higher (95% CI 14.5-103.2) than other registered food businesses. Eight outbreaks among the 44 English restaurants in the Top 50 were identified by direct contact with local Health Protection Teams. For every ten places higher ranked, Top 50 restaurants were 66% more likely to have an outbreak (Odds Ratio 1.66, 95% CI 0.89-3.13).


CONCLUSIONS
Top 50 restaurants were substantially more likely to have had reported outbreaks from 2000-2014 than other food premises, and there was a trend for higher rating position to be associated with higher probability of reported outbreaks. Our findings, that eating at some of these restaurants may pose an increased risk to health compared to other dining out, raises the question of whether food guides should consider aspects of food safety alongside the clearly important complementary focus on taste and other aspects of the dining experience.
Field Epidemiology Service, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.
Sanch
S
Kanagarajah
Field Epidemiology Service, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.
Piers
P
Mook
Field Epidemiology Service, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.
Paul
P
Crook
Gastrointestinal Infections, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, United Kingdom.
Adedoyin
A
Awofisayo-Okuyelu
Field Epidemiology Service, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, United Kingdom; Warwick Medical School, Division of Health Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Noel
N
McCarthy
Outbreak; campylobacter; cooking; food poisoning; gastroenteritis; gourmet; norovirus; novel cooking