The Genetics of Urinary Tract Infections and the Innate Defense of the Kidney and Urinary tract.
The urinary tract is a sterile organ system. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and often serious infections. Research has focused on uropathogen, environment, and host factors leading to UTI pathogenesis. A growing body of evidence exists implicating genetic factors that can contribute to UTI risks. In this review, we highlight genetic variations in aspects of the innate immune system critical to the host response to uropathogens. This overview includes genetic variations in pattern recognition receptor molecules, chemokines/cytokines, and neutrophil activation. We also comprehensively cover murine knockout models of UTI, genetic variations involved in renal scarring as a result of ascending UTIs, and asymptomatic bacteriuria.
Section of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Ines
I
Ambite
Section of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Gustav
G
Rydstrom
Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Andrew L
AL
Schwaderer
Children's Foundation Research Institute at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States.
David S
DS
Hains
asymptomatic bacteriuria; genetics; innate immunity; urinary tract infections