Postnatal Neural Stem Cells in Treating Traumatic Brain Injury.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disabilities worldwide. It affects approximately 1.5 million people each year and is associated with severe post-TBI symptoms such as sensory and motor deficits. Several neuro-therapeutic approaches ranging from cell therapy interventions such as the use of neural stem cells (NSCs) to drug-based therapies have been proposed for TBI management. Successful cell-based therapies are tightly dependent on reproducible preclinical animal models to ensure safety and optimal therapeutic benefits. In this chapter, we describe the isolation of NSCs from neonatal mouse brain using the neurosphere assay in culture. Subsequently, dissociated neurosphere-derived cells are used for transplantation into the ipsilateral cortex of a controlled cortical impact (CCI) TBI model in C57BL/6 mice. Following intra-cardiac perfusion and brain removal, the success of NSC transplantation is then evaluated using immunofluorescence in order to assess neurogenesis along with gliosis in the ipsilateral coronal brain sections. Behavioral tests including rotarod and pole climbing are conducted to evaluate the motor activity post-treatment intervention.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Hussein
H
Gazalah
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.|ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, DSST, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Sarah
S
Mantash
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Naify
N
Ramadan
Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Sawsan
S
Al Lafi
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Sally
S
El Sitt
Hariri school of nursing, Abou Haidar Neuroscience Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Hala
H
Darwish
Neural Stem Cell and Regenerative Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Shiraz School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.|Shiraz Stem Cell Institute, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Hassan
H
Azari
Department of Experimental Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Lama
L
Fawaz
Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. ng13@aub.edu.lb.
Noël
N
Ghanem
ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, DSST, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.|Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Kazem
K
Zibara
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.|Neurogenetics Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, Beirut, Lebanon.
Rose-Mary
RM
Boustany
Banyan Biomarkers, Inc., Alachua, USA.|Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.|Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Firas
F
Kobeissy
Neurogenetics Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, Beirut, Lebanon. jsoueid@gmail.com.
Jihane
J
Soueid
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D015415:Biomarkers; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D051379:Mice; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020127:Recovery of Function; D045442:Rotarod Performance Test; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D015415:Biomarkers
Controlled cortical impact; Immunofluorescence; Neonatal mouse brain; Neural stem cells; Neurosphere; Perfusion; Pole climbing; Rotarod; Traumatic brain injury