Changes in fMRI BOLD dynamics reflect anticipation to moving objects.
The human brain is thought to respond differently to novel versus predictable neural input. In human visual cortex, neural response amplitude to visual input might be determined by the degree of predictability. We investigated how fMRI BOLD responses in human early visual cortex reflect the anticipation of a single moving bar's trajectory. We found that BOLD signals decreased linearly from onset to offset of the stimulus trajectory. Moreover, decreased amplitudes of BOLD responses coincided with an increased initial dip as the stimulus moved along its trajectory. Importantly, motion anticipation effects were absent, when motion coherence was disrupted by means of stimulus contrast reversals. These results show that human early visual cortex anticipates the trajectory of a coherently moving object at the initial stages of visual motion processing. The results can be explained by suppression of predictable input, plausibly underlying the formation of stable visual percepts.
Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: w.schellekens@umcutrecht.nl.
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Schellekens
Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Ramsey
Department of Biophysics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Biomedical Signals and Systems, MIRA, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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van Wezel
Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Raemaekers
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult