Thermoneutral immersion exercise accelerates heart rate recovery: A potential novel training modality.
This study compared heart rate recovery (HRR) after incremental maximal exercise performed at the same external power output (Pext) on dry land ergocycle (DE) vs. immersible ergocycle (IE). Fifteen young healthy participants (30 ± 7 years, 13 men and 2 women) performed incremental maximal exercise tests on DE and on IE. The initial Pexton DE was 25 W and was increased by 25 W/min at a pedalling cadence between 60 and 80 rpm, while during IE immersion at chest level in thermoneutral water (30°C), the initial Pextdeployment was at a cadence of 40 rpm which was increased by 10 rpm until 70 rpm and thereafter by 5 rpm until exhaustion. Gas exchange and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously during exercise and recovery for 5 min. Maximal HR (DE: 176 ± 15 vs. IE 169 ± 12 bpm) reached by the subjects in the two conditions did not differ (P > .05). Parasympathetic reactivation parameters (ΔHR from 10 to 300 s) were compared during the DE and IE HR recovery recordings. During the IE recovery, parasympathetic reactivation in the early phase was more predominant (HRR at Δ10-Δ60 s, P < .05), but similar in the late phase (HRR at Δ120-Δ300 s, P > .05) when compared to the DE condition. In conclusion, incremental maximal IE exercise at chest level immersion in thermoneutral water accelerates the early phase parasympathetic reactivation compared to DE in healthy young participants.
a Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.|b Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.|c Department of Kinesiology , University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
Mauricio
M
Garzon
d Faculty of Sport Sciences, Laboratory MOVE (EA 6314) , University of Poitiers , France.
Olivier
O
Dupuy
d Faculty of Sport Sciences, Laboratory MOVE (EA 6314) , University of Poitiers , France.
Laurent
L
Bosquet
a Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.|b Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.|e Department of Medicine , University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
Anil
A
Nigam
f Department of Kinanthropology , University of Quebec in Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
Alain Steve
AS
Comtois
a Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.|b Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.|e Department of Medicine , University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
Martin
M
Juneau
a Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.|b Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.|e Department of Medicine , University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
Mathieu
M
Gayda
D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007101:Immersion; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation
Maximal exercise; heart rate recovery; immersed ergocycle; thermoneutral conditions