Cranberry extract attenuates hepatic inflammation in high-fat-fed obese mice.
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) consumption has been associated with health beneficial effects. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a comorbidity of obesity. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a polyphenol-rich cranberry extract (CBE) on hepatic inflammation in high fat (HF)-fed obese C57BL/6J mice. Following dietary treatment with 0.8% CBE for 10 weeks, we observed no change in body weight or visceral fat mass in CBE-supplemented mice compared to HF-fed control mice. We did observe a significant decrease in plasma alanine aminotransferase (31%) and histological severity of NAFLD (33% decrease in area of involvement, 29% decrease in lipid droplet size) compared to HF-fed controls. Hepatic protein levels of tumor necrosis factor α and C-C chemokine ligand 2 were reduced by 28% and 19%, respectively, following CBE supplementation. CBE significantly decreased hepatic mRNA levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4, 63%) and nuclear factor κB (NFκB, 24%), as well as a number of genes related to the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome. In conclusion, CBE reduced NAFLD and hepatic inflammation in HF-fed obese C57BL/6J mice. These effects appear to be related to mitigation of TLR4-NFκB related signaling; however, further studies into the underlying mechanisms of these hepatoprotective effects are needed.
Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Shannon L
SL
Glisan
Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
Caroline
C
Ryan
Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
Andrew P
AP
Neilson
Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Electronic address: jdl134@psu.edu.
Joshua D
JD
Lambert
D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D066292:Lipid Droplets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D013634:Tannins / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon / Q000737:chemistry*
D000872:Anthocyanins; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D015415:Biomarkers; D058847:Inflammasomes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D013634:Tannins
Cranberry; Inflammation; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Polyphenols; Vaccinium macrocarpon