The Controlled Cortical Impact Model of Experimental Brain Trauma: Overview, Research Applications, and Protocol.
Controlled cortical impact (CCI) is a commonly used and highly regarded model of brain trauma that uses a pneumatically or electromagnetically controlled piston to induce reproducible and well-controlled injury. The CCI model was originally used in ferrets and it has since been scaled for use in many other species. This chapter will describe the historical development of the CCI model, compare and contrast the pneumatic and electromagnetic models, and summarize key short- and long-term consequences of TBI that have been gleaned using this model. In accordance with the recent efforts to promote high-quality evidence through the reporting of common data elements (CDEs), relevant study details-that should be reported in CCI studies-will be noted.
Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, 201 Hill Building, 3434 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.|School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Nicole
N
Osier
Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, 201 Hill Building, 3434 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. dixonec@upmc.edu.|Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA. dixonec@upmc.edu.|V.A. Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15240, USA. dixonec@upmc.edu.
C Edward
CE
Dixon
D000818:Animals; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051379:Mice; D011323:Primates; D051381:Rats; D012106:Research / Q000295:instrumentation; D012107:Research Design; D013552:Swine
Animal model; Common data elements (CDE); Controlled cortical impact (CCI); Experimental brain injury; Preclinical; Traumatic brain injury (TBI)