Chronic binge alcohol administration impairs glucose-insulin dynamics and decreases adiponectin in asymptomatic simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques.
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) frequently exist among persons living with HIV/AIDS. Chronic alcohol consumption, HIV infection, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are independently associated with impairments in glucose-insulin dynamics. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that chronic binge alcohol (CBA) administration decreases body mass index, attenuates weight gain, and accentuates skeletal muscle wasting at end-stage disease in non-ART-treated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected male rhesus macaques. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CBA and ART alone or in combination alter body composition or glucose-insulin dynamics in SIV-infected male rhesus macaques during the asymptomatic phase of SIV infection. Daily CBA or sucrose (SUC) administration was initiated 3 mo before intrarectal SIV inoculation and continued until the study end point at 11 mo post-SIV infection. ART or placebo was initiated 2.5 mo after SIV infection and continued until study end point. Four treatment groups (SUC/SIV ± ART and CBA/SIV ± ART) were studied. CBA/SIV macaques had significantly decreased circulating adiponectin and resistin levels relative to SUC/SIV macaques and reduced disposition index and acute insulin response to glucose, insulin, and C-peptide release during frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test, irrespective of ART status. No statistically significant differences were observed in homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance values, body weight, total body fat, abdominal fat, or total lean mass or bone health among the four groups. These findings demonstrate CBA-mediated impairments in glucose-insulin dynamics and adipokine profile in asymptomatic SIV-infected macaques, irrespective of ART.
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Stephen M
SM
Ford
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.|Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Liz
L
Simon
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Curtis
C
Vande Stouwe
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Tim
T
Allerton
School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Donald E
DE
Mercante
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Lauri O
LO
Byerley
Division of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and.
Jason P
JP
Dufour
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.|Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Gregory J
GJ
Bagby
Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.|School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.
Steve
S
Nelson
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana; pmolin@lsuhsc.edu.|Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Patricia E
PE
Molina
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D063425:Binge Drinking / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight; D002908:Chronic Disease; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin
SIV; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; adiponectin; body composition; chronic alcohol; glucose-insulin dynamics