Vaccination with Astragalus and Ginseng Polysaccharides Improves Immune Response of Chickens against H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus.
To determine the effect of astragalus and ginseng polysaccharides (APS, GPS) on immune response and improvement of H5N1 vaccine, 360-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 8 groups of 45 chicks, comprising APS groups (1-3); GPS groups (4-6); vaccine group (7); and blank control (8) (without polysaccharide and vaccine). From day 12 after hatch groups 1-3 were given APS and groups 4-6 with GPS both at 100, 200, and 400 (mg/kg), respectively. At day 15 after hatch, groups 1-7 were vaccinated with 0.3 mL H5N1 vaccine subcutaneously; daily weight gain (DWG) and serum Ig antibody (by HI-test) were measured on 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after vaccination. Serum antibody titers and expression of cytokines (IL-2, IL-10, I FN-γ, and TNF) were determined by ELISA and RT-PCR. Results revealed that all the polysaccharide groups were numerically increased in antibody levels and the expression of cytokines was significant (P < 0.05) in the APS and GPS groups compared to corresponding vaccine group and blank control. DWG was higher (P < 0.05) in 400 mg/kg APS groups than control groups. Thus oral supplements of GPS and APS have shown their potential in the improvement of immune response and could be used as adjuvant in a formulation of H5N1 vaccine.
Guangdong Provincial Zoonosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510542, China; Animal Science Department, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, PMB 3244, Kano 20027, Nigeria.
Auwalu Yusuf
0000-0003-2627-1389
AY
Abdullahi
Animal Science Department, Njala University, Freetown, Sierra Leone; College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510542, China.
Sanpha
S
Kallon
Guangdong Provincial Zoonosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510542, China.
Xingang
X
Yu
Animal Science Department, Njala University, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Yongliang
0000-0001-5157-6059
Y
Zhang
Guangdong Provincial Zoonosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510542, China.
Guoqing
0000-0001-9393-1573
G
Li
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D027883:Astragalus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D002645:Chickens; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides