Interleukin-19 alleviates brain injury by anti-inflammatory effects in a mice model of focal cerebral ischemia.
Stroke causes brain injury with neuroinflammation which exacerbates the neuronal damage. Recent studies show that anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-19 (IL-19) plays a critical part in the inflammatory and ischemic vascular diseases, yet its potential role in ischemic stroke is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that IL-19 exerts protective effects against brain ischemia by modulating inflammation after stroke. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10ng/g per day recombinant mouse IL-19 starting pre-stroke, and were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Infarct volume was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride and neurobehavioral outcome by neurological scores. Inflammation was measured using real-time quantitative PCR, immunochemistry, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Infarct volume at 72h after stroke was significantly smaller in IL-19 treated group and focal neurological score was significantly better. IL-19 treatment markedly attenuated elevation of the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA, suppressed increases in the number of microglia, macrophages, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells as well as B cells, and blocked activation of macrophages and neutrophils in the ischemic brain. In peripheral blood, IL-19 injection helped to robustly preserve the reduced immune cells, including macrophages, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells and B cells, compared to control group. IL-19 reduced brain infarction and attenuated neurological deficits following stroke in mice, probably by inhibiting infiltration and activation of immune cells, and by suppressing increases in gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines. This may identify IL-19 as a new therapeutic to limit neuroinflammation after stroke.
Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Weiying
W
Xie
Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Lili
L
Fang
Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Shuyuan
S
Gan
Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: Haojunmed@163.com.
Haojun
H
Xuan
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism; D023421:Models, Animal; D020521:Stroke / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; C498891:Il19 protein, mouse; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10
Cerebral ischemia; IL-19; Inflammation; Stroke