Kinase Signaling in Apoptosis Induced by Saturated Fatty Acids in Pancreatic β-Cells.
Pancreatic β-cell failure and death is considered to be one of the main factors responsible for type 2 diabetes. It is caused by, in addition to hyperglycemia, chronic exposure to increased concentrations of fatty acids, mainly saturated fatty acids. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction by saturated fatty acids in β-cells are not completely clear. It has been proposed that kinase signaling could be involved, particularly, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), protein kinase C (PKC), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Akt kinases and their pathways. In this review, we discuss these kinases and their signaling pathways with respect to their possible role in apoptosis induction by saturated fatty acids in pancreatic β-cells.
Division of Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ruská 87, Prague 11000, Czech Republic. jan.sramek@lf3.cuni.cz.
Jan
J
Šrámek
Division of Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ruská 87, Prague 11000, Czech Republic. vlasta.nemcova@lf3.cuni.cz.
Vlasta
V
Němcová-Fürstová
Division of Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ruská 87, Prague 11000, Czech Republic. jan.kovar@lf3.cuni.cz.
Jan
J
Kovář
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
D005227:Fatty Acids; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Akt; apoptosis; c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK); diabetes; extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK); fatty acids; p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK); pancreatic β-cell; protein kinase C (PKC)