Correlation between morphological MRI findings and specific diagnostic categories in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) include physical and neurodevelopmental abnormalities related to prenatal alcohol exposure. Some neuroimaging findings have been clearly related to FASD, including corpus callosum and cerebellar anomalies. However, detailed studies correlating with specific FASD categories, that is, the fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial FAS (pFAS) and alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorders (ARND), are lacking. We prospectively performed clinical assessment and brain MR imaging to 72 patients with suspected FASD, and diagnosis was confirmed in 62. The most frequent findings were hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and/or of the cerebellar vermis. Additional findings were vascular anomalies, gliosis, prominent perivascular spaces, occipito-cervical junction and cervical vertebral anomalies, pituitary hypoplasia, arachnoid cysts, and cavum septum pellucidum.
Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, UAB, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: susboronat@gmail.com.
S
S
Boronat
Pediatric Neuroradiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
A
A
Sánchez-Montañez
Pediatric psychiatry, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
N
N
Gómez-Barros
Neuropsychology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
C
C
Jacas
Clinical Genetics, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
L
L
Martínez-Ribot
Pediatric Neuroradiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
E
E
Vázquez
Division of Dysmorphology and Teratology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, USA; Clinical Genetics, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
M
M
Del Campo
D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology
Brain; Cavum septum pellucidum; Cerebellum; Corpus callosum; Craniocervical; MR