Different Antibody Response against the Coxsackievirus A16 VP1 Capsid Protein: Specific or Non-Specific.
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is one of the major causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease worldwide. The non-neutralizing antibody response that targets CA16 VP1 remains poorly elucidated. In the present study, antibody responses against CA16 VP1 in Shanghai blood donors and Shanxi individuals were analyzed by ELISA and inhibitory ELISA using five CA16 VP1 antigens: VP11-297, VP141-297, VP11-60, VP145-58 and VP161-297. The correlation coefficients for most of the reactions against each of the five antigens and the inhibition of the anti-CA16 VP1 antibody response produced by the various antigens were higher in Shanghai blood donors compared to those in Shanxi individuals. VP11-297 and VP141-297 strongly inhibited the anti-CA16 VP1 response in serum samples from both populations, while VP145-58 and VP161-297 intermediately and weakly inhibited the anti-CA16 VP1 response, respectively, in only Shanghai group. A specific type of inhibition (anti-CA16 VP1 was completely inhibited by both VP11-60 and VP141-297) characterized by high neutralizing antibody titers was identified and accounted for 71.4% of the strongly reactive samples from the Shanghai group. These results indicate that the Shanghai blood donors exhibited a consistent and specific antibody response, while the Shanxi individuals showed an inconsistent and non-specific antibody response. These findings may improve the understanding of host humoral immunity against CA16 and help to identify an effective approach for seroepidemiological surveillance and specific diagnosis of CA16 infection based on normal and competitive ELISA.
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Yingying
Y
Ding
Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical College, Taiyuan, China.
Zhihong
Z
Wang
Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Xi
X
Zhang
Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Zheng
Z
Teng
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Caixia
C
Gao
Department of Blood Transfusion, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Baohua
B
Qian
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Lili
L
Wang
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Jiaojiao
J
Feng
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Jinhong
J
Wang
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Chunyan
C
Zhao
Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical College, Taiyuan, China.
Cunjiu
C
Guo
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Wei
W
Pan
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001782:Blood Donors; D002681:China; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins