ATPase activity of Plasmodium falciparum MLH is inhibited by DNA-interacting ligands and dsRNAs of MLH along with UvrD curtail malaria parasite growth.
Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is the major disease burden all over the world. Recently, the situation has deteriorated because the malarial parasites are becoming progressively more resistant to numerous commonly used antimalarial drugs. Thus, there is a critical requirement to find other means to restrict and eliminate malaria. The mismatch repair (MMR) machinery of parasite is quite unique in several ways, and it can be exploited for finding new drug targets. MutL homolog (MLH) is one of the major components of MMR machinery, and along with UvrD, it helps in unwinding the DNA. We have screened several DNA-interacting ligands for their effect on intrinsic ATPase activity of PfMLH protein. This screening suggested that several ligands such as daunorubicin, etoposide, ethidium bromide, netropsin, and nogalamycin are inhibitors of the ATPase activity of PfMLH, and their apparent IC50values range from 2.1 to 9.35 μM. In the presence of nogalamycin and netropsin, the effect was significant because in their presence, the Vmaxvalue dropped from 1.024 μM of hydrolyzed ATP/min to 0.596 and 0.643 μM of hydrolyzed ATP/min, respectively. The effect of double-stranded RNAs of PfMLH and PfUvrD on growth of P. falciparum 3D7 strain was studied. The parasite growth was significantly inhibited suggesting that these components belonging to MMR pathway are crucial for the survival of the parasite.
Parasite Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P. O. Box 10504, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
Mohammed
M
Tarique
Parasite Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P. O. Box 10504, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
Manish
M
Chauhan
Parasite Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P. O. Box 10504, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India. renu@icgeb.res.in.
Renu
R
Tuteja
D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism*; D053843:DNA Mismatch Repair / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004996:Ethidium / Q000494:pharmacology; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009429:Netropsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D009621:Nogalamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000962:Antimalarials; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D009429:Netropsin; D005047:Etoposide; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004996:Ethidium; D009621:Nogalamycin; D003630:Daunorubicin
ATPase; DNA-interacting ligands; Double-stranded RNA; Inhibition; Malaria; Mismatch repair