Thermoplastic starch/ethylene vinyl alcohol/forsterite nanocomposite as a candidate material for bone tissue engineering.
Recently, biodegradable polymers such as starch based blends have been well renowned in the biomedical field. Studies have considered them suitable for bone scaffolds, bone cements, tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery systems and hydrogels. The aim of this study was to synthesize nanocomposite biomaterial consisting a blend of thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol as the polymer matrix, and nano-structured forsterite as the ceramic reinforcing phase for bone tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, vitamin E was applied as a thermal stabilizer during melt compounding. Extrusion and injection molding were incorporated for melt blending and shaping of samples, respectively. With blending thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol, some properties of thermoplastic starch such as degradation rate and water absorption were modified. In addition, using nanoforsterite as the ceramic reinforcing phase resulted in the improvement of mechanical and biological traits. The addition of nanoforsterite decreased the weight loss of the thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol blend in simulated body fluid. Moreover, this addition modified the pH in the MTT (methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium) assay and stimulated the cell proliferation. Cell adhesion assays indicated a favorable interaction between cells and the biomaterial. The proposed nanocomposite has appropriate biocompatibility, as well as mechanical properties in order to be used in bone tissue engineering.
Polymeric Materials Research Group (PMRG), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9466, Iran.
Zahra
Z
Mahdieh
Polymeric Materials Research Group (PMRG), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9466, Iran. Electronic address: rezabagh@sharif.edu.
Reza
R
Bagheri
Polymeric Materials Research Group (PMRG), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9466, Iran.
Masoud
M
Eslami
Polymeric Materials Research Group (PMRG), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9466, Iran.
Mohammad
M
Amiri
National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Ali
MA
Shokrgozar
National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Morteza
M
Mehrjoo
D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry*; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000737:chemistry
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011145:Polyvinyls; D017655:Silicon Compounds; C503823:forsterite; D014810:Vitamin E; C020320:ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer; D013213:Starch
Biomaterial; Ethylene vinyl alcohol; Forsterite; Nanocomposite; Thermoplastic starch; Vitamin E (α-tocopherol)