Association between Systemic Diseases and Apical Periodontitis.
BACKGROUND
To date, the relationships between systemic diseases and periapical microbial infection remain unknown. Thus the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the relationship between host modifying factors and their association with endodontic pathosis.


METHODS
Two reviewers independently conducted a comprehensive literature search. The MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were searched. In addition, the bibliographies of all relevant articles and textbooks were manually searched. There was no disagreement between the 2 reviewers.


RESULTS
Sixteen articles were identified and included. The overall quality of the studies and the risk of bias were rated to be moderate. Only 3 studies demonstrated a low level of bias.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this review suggest that there may be a moderate risk and correlation between some systemic diseases and endodontic pathosis. More prospective and longitudinal research in this area is warranted to determine greater specificity in these possible interactions to potentially decrease or minimize the effects of systemic disease on the formation of apical periodontitis.
Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Navid
N
Khalighinejad
Department of Medicine, International American University College of Medicine, Banse, St Lucia.
M Reza
MR
Aminoshariae
Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. Electronic address: AAminoshariae@yahoo.com.
Anita
A
Aminoshariae
Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
James C
JC
Kulild
Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Andre
A
Mickel
Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Ashraf F
AF
Fouad
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies
D015415:Biomarkers
Correlation; endodontic pathosis; pathogenesis; systematic review; systemic diseases