Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid-Enriched High Fat Diet Delays Skeletal Muscle Degradation in Mice.
Low-grade chronic inflammatory conditions such as ageing, obesity and related metabolic disorders are associated with deterioration of skeletal muscle (SkM). Human studies have shown that marine fatty acids influence SkM function, though the underlying mechanisms of action are unknown. As a model of diet-induced obesity, we fed C57BL/6J mice either a high fat diet (HFD) with purified marine fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (HFD-ED), a HFD with corn oil, or normal mouse chow for 8 weeks; and used transcriptomics to identify the molecular effects of EPA and DHA on SkM. Consumption of ED-enriched HFD modulated SkM metabolism through increased gene expression of mitochondrial β-oxidation and slow-fiber type genes compared with HFD-corn oil fed mice. Furthermore, HFD-ED intake increased nuclear localization of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (Nfatc4) protein, which controls fiber-type composition. This data suggests a role for EPA and DHA in mitigating some of the molecular responses due to a HFD in SkM. Overall, the results suggest that increased consumption of the marine fatty acids EPA and DHA may aid in the prevention of molecular processes that lead to muscle deterioration commonly associated with obesity-induced low-grade inflammation.
Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-41296, Sweden. soni@chalmers.se.
Nikul K
NK
Soni
Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-41296, Sweden. alastair.ross@chalmers.se.
Alastair B
AB
Ross
Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-41296, Sweden. nathalie.scheers@chalmers.se.
Nathalie
N
Scheers
Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-41296, Sweden. otto.savolainen@chalmers.se.
Otto I
OI
Savolainen
Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden. intawat@chalmers.se.|Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA. intawat@chalmers.se.
Intawat
I
Nookaew
Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-41296, Sweden. bggabr@gmail.com.
Britt G
BG
Gabrielsson
Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-41296, Sweden. ann-sofie.sandberg@chalmers.se.
Ann-Sofie
AS
Sandberg
D000818:Animals; D003314:Corn Oil; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D059467:Transcriptome
D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D003314:Corn Oil; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); mitochondrial β-oxidation; obesity; skeletal-muscle metabolism; transcriptome