Mechanism of Fenpropathrin Resistance in Red Spider Mite, Oligonychus coffeae (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Infesting Tea [Camellia sinensis L. (O. Kuntze)].
Red spider mite (RSM), Oligonychus coffeae (Nietner) (Acarina: Tetranychidae), has gained special attention in view of their widespread occurrence as a pest on tea [Camellia sinensis L. (O. Kuntze)]. The development of acaricide (fenpropathrin) resistance has been screened in field populations (FPs) of RSMs from different tea-growing regions of south India and compared with a laboratory-susceptible population (SP) based on toxicity bioassay, detoxifying enzyme activities, analysis of acetylcholine esterase gene (AChE, 2064 bp), and their expression pattern using semiquantitative RT-PCR. The increased resistance ratio (RR, 1.39 to 2.13) in LC50of fenpropathrin observed in field populations of RSM provides a baseline for screening the development of resistance to fenpropathrin. This resistance developed due to hyperexpression of detoxifying enzymes, i.e., esterase (RR of 1.43 to 2.53) and glutathione S-transferase (RR of 1.11 to 1.86), and overexpression of AChE gene at 1.4 to 2.7-fold. These results necessitate molecular studies and warrant the continuous monitoring of acaricide susceptibility and resistance pattern in order to analyze the usefulness of AChE gene as target for developing alternate pest control strategies and management of pesticide resistance in tea ecosystem.
Division of Entomology, Regional Coffee Research Station, Thandigudi, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 624216, India.
Roobakkumar
R
Amsalingam
Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Karpagam University, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Eachanari Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India. prabugajjeraman@gmail.com.
Prabu
P
Gajjeraman
Division of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, UPASI-Tea Research Foundation, Nirar Dam B.P. O, Valparai, Tamil Nadu, 642127, India.
Nisha
N
Sam
Department of Zoology, TKM College of Arts and Science, Kollam, Kerala, India.
Vattakandy Jasin
VJ
Rahman
Tea Research Association, North Bengal Regional Research and Development Centre, Nagrakata, Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal, 735225, India.
Babu
B
Azariah
D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D040102:Tetranychidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000472:pathogenicity
D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; C044267:fenpropathrin; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase
Esterase; Fenpropathrin; Glutathione S-transferase; Oligonychus coffeae; Red spider mite; Resistance; Tea