Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Hair Shaft Damage Secondary to Cosmetic Treatments of the Hair.
BACKGROUND
Cosmetic procedures for hair, such as bleaching, dyeing, and straightening, are commonly used around the world. It has been suggested that excessive use of such procedures can cause damage to the hair shaft. We aimed to assess hair shaft changes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in female volunteers who frequently use hair treatment procedures such as bleaching, dyeing, or straightening.


METHODS
A cross-sectional, controlled study in a sample of 25 female volunteers (19 study group and 6 controls) in the age group of 18-45 years. The study group was composed of volunteers who regularly used different cosmetic hair treatment procedures such as bleaching, dyeing, and straightening (any one of these or a combination). The control group had never used any specific hair treatment procedure. The hair shaft damage as seen on SEM was assessed using a standardized scoring system and compared among the two groups statistically. The hair shafts were also examined clinically and with light microscopy.


RESULTS
No significant differences were seen between the test and control groups with regard to normal clinical examination and light microscopy findings. A higher degree of hair shaft damage was evident under SEM in the study group as compared to the control group. This difference was statistically significant.


CONCLUSIONS
Regular use of procedures such as bleaching, dyeing, or straightening can lead to subtle changes in the hair shaft which can be detected early by SEM.
Department of Dermatology, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
Feroze
F
Kaliyadan
Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
B B
BB
Gosai
Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
Walid Naief
WN
Al Melhim
Department of Surgery, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
Kaberi
K
Feroze
Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
Habib Ahmad
HA
Qureshi
Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
Sayed
S
Ibrahim
Department of Dermatology, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
Joel
J
Kuruvilla
Hair shaft damage; hair weathering; scanning electron microscopy