[Use of ultrasound for gastric volume evaluation after ingestion of different volumes of isotonic solution].
OBJECTIVE
The current preoperative fasting guidelines allow fluid intake up to 2hours before surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastric volume of volunteers after an overnight fast and compare it with the gastric volume 2hours after ingestion of 200 and 500mL of isotonic solution, by means of ultrasound assessment.


METHODS
Eighty volunteers underwent gastric ultrasound at three times: after 8hours of fasting; 2hours after ingestion of 200mL isotonic saline, followed by the first scan; and on another day, 2hours after ingestion of 500mL of the same solution after an overnight fast. The evaluation was quantitative (antrum area and gastric volume, and the ratio of participants' gastric volume/weight) and qualitative (absence or presence of gastric contents on right lateral decubitus and supine positions. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant).


RESULTS
There was no difference in quantitative variables at measurement times (p>0.05). Five volunteers (6.25%) had a volume/weight over 1.5mL.kg-1at fasting and 2hours after ingestion of 200mL and 6 (7.5%) after 500mL. Qualitatively, the presence of gastric fluid occurred in more volunteers after fluid ingestion, especially 500mL (18.7%), although not statistically significant.


CONCLUSIONS
Ultrasound assessment of gastric volume showed no significant difference, both qualitative and quantitative, 2h after ingestion of 200mL or 500mL of isotonic solution compared to fasting, although gastric fluid content has been identified in more volunteers, especially after ingestion of 500mL isotonic solution.
Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Hospital de Clínicas, Uberaba, MG, Brasil; Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Uberaba, MG, Brasil. Electronic address: flora@mednet.com.br.
Flora Margarida Barra
FMB
Bisinotto
Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Serviço de Radiologia e Diagnóstico, Uberaba, MG, Brasil.
Aline de Araújo
AA
Naves
Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Curso de Graduação em Medicina, Uberaba, MG, Brasil; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Hellen Moreira de
HM
Lima
Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Serviço de Radiologia e Diagnóstico, Uberaba, MG, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberaba, MG, Brasil.
Ana Cristina Abdu
ACA
Peixoto
Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Hospital de Clínicas, Uberaba, MG, Brasil.
Gisele Caetano
GC
Maia
Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Hospital de Clínicas, Uberaba, MG, Brasil.
Paulo Pacheco
PP
Resende Junior
Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Curso de Graduação em Medicina, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Laura Bisinotto
LB
Martins
Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Hospital de Clínicas, Uberaba, MG, Brasil.
Luciano A Matias da
LAMD
Silveira
D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013270:Stomach / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D014463:Ultrasonography
D007552:Isotonic Solutions
Bronchoaspiration; Broncoaspiração; Gastric ultrasound; Jejum pré‐operatório; Preoperative fasting; Ultrassonografia gástrica