Spectroscopic, structural characterizations and antioxidant capacity of the chromium (III) niacinamide compound as a diabetes mellitus drug model.
New binuclear chromium (III) niacinamide compound with chemical formula [Cr2(Nic)(Cl)6(H2O)4]·H2O was obtained upon the reaction of chromium (III) chloride with niacinamide (Nic) in methanol solvent at 60°C. The proposed structure was discussed with the help of microanalytical analyses, conductivity, spectroscopic (FT-IR and UV-vis.), magnetic calculations, thermogravimetric analyses (TG/TGA), and morphological studies (X-ray of solid powder and scan electron microscopy. The infrared spectrum of free niacinamide in comparison with its chromium (III) compound indicated that the chelation mode occurs via both nitrogen atoms of pyridine ring and primary -NH2group. The efficiency of chromium (III) niacinamide compound in decreasing of glucose level of blood and HbA1c in case of diabetic rats was checked. The ameliorating gluconeogenic enzymes, lipid profile and antioxidant defense capacities are considered as an indicator of the efficiency of new chromium (III) compound as antidiabetic drug model.
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, Al-Hawiah, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said, Port Said University, Egypt. Electronic address: msrefat@yahoo.com.
Moamen S
MS
Refat
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, Al-Hawiah, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Samy M
SM
El-Megharbel
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said, Port Said University, Egypt.
M A
MA
Hussien
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Reham Z
RZ
Hamza
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Exploration and Development Chair, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed A
MA
Al-Omar
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Exploration and Development Chair, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Peptide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 12622-Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Ahmed M
AM
Naglah
International Extended Care Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Nephrology Unit, Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt.
Walid M
WM
Afifi
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, Al-Hawiah, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Mohamed I
MI
Kobeasy
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D017608:Chromium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002712:Chlorides; D017608:Chromium Compounds; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D009536:Niacinamide; D006003:Glycogen; C017133:chromous chloride
Chromium; Diabetes; Niacinamide; Spectral studies