Maternal protein restriction induced-hypertension is associated to oxidative disruption at transcriptional and functional levels in the medulla oblongata.
Maternal protein restriction during pregnancy and lactation predisposes the adult offspring to sympathetic overactivity and arterial hypertension. Although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, dysregulation of the oxidative balance has been proposed as a putative trigger of neural-induced hypertension. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between the oxidative status at transcriptional and functional levels in the medulla oblongata and maternal protein restriction induced-hypertension. Wistar rat dams were fed a control (normal protein; 17% protein) or a low protein ((Lp); 8% protein) diet during pregnancy and lactation, and male offspring was studied at 90 days of age. Direct measurements of baseline arterial blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in awakened offspring. In addition, quantitative RT-PCR was used to assess the mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutamatergic receptors (Grin1, Gria1 and Grm1) and GABA(A)-receptor-associated protein like 1 (Gabarapl1). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, CAT and SOD activities were examined in ventral and dorsal medulla. Lp rats exhibited higher ABP. The mRNA expression levels of SOD2, GPx and Gabarapl1 were down regulated in medullary tissue of Lp rats (P<.05, t test). In addition, we observed that higher MDA levels were associated to decreased SOD (approximately 45%) and CAT (approximately 50%) activities in ventral medulla. Taken together, our data suggest that maternal protein restriction induced-hypertension is associated with medullary oxidative dysfunction at transcriptional level and with impaired antioxidant capacity in the ventral medulla.
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.|Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, South Lyon Medical Faculty, Lyon-1 University, Oullins, France.
José L
JL
de Brito Alves
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Jéssica M D
JM
de Oliveira
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Diorginis J S
DJ
Ferreira
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Monique A de V
MA
Barros
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Viviane O
VO
Nogueira
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Débora S
DS
Alves
Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, South Lyon Medical Faculty, Lyon-1 University, Oullins, France.
Hubert
H
Vidal
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Carol G
CG
Leandro
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Cláudia J
CJ
Lagranha
Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, South Lyon Medical Faculty, Lyon-1 University, Oullins, France.
Luciano
L
Pirola
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
João H
JH
da Costa-Silva
D000818:Animals; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*
hypertension; medulla; oxidative status; protein restriction; sympathetic overactivity