Epidemiological survey of enteric viruses in wild boars in the Czech Republic: First evidence of close relationship between wild boar and human rotavirus A strains.
Population of wild boar is increasing in the whole Europe, the animals migrate close to human habitats which greatly increases the possibility of natural transmission between domestic animals or humans and wild boars. The aim of the study was to estimate in population of free-living wild boar in the Czech Republic the prevalence of enteric viral pathogens, namely rotavirus groups A and C (RVA and RVC), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and members of family Coronaviridae (transmissible gastroenteritis virus - TGEV, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus - PEDV, porcine respiratory coronavirus - PRCV, and porcine hemagglutination encephalomyelitis virus - PHEV) and Picornaviridae,(teschovirus A - PTV, sapelovirus A - PSV, and enterovirus G - EV-G). In our study, stool samples from 203 wild boars culled during hunting season 2014-2015 (from October to January) were examined by RT-PCR. RVA was detected in 2.5% of tested samples. Nucleotide analysis of VP7, VP4, and VP6 genes revealed that four RVA strains belong to G4P[25]I1, G4P[6]I5, G11P[13]I5, and G5P[13]I5 genotypes and phylogenetic analysis suggested close relation to porcine and human RVAs. The prevalence of RVC in wild boar population reached 12.8%, PTV was detected in 20.2%, PSV in 8.9%, and EV-G in 2.5% of samples. During our study no PRRSV or coronaviruses were detected. Our study provides the first evidence of RVC prevalence in wild boars and indicates that wild boars might contribute to the genetic variability of RVA and also serve as an important reservoir of other enteric viruses.
Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: moutelikova@vri.cz.
Romana
R
Moutelíková
Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: dufkoval@vri.cz.
Lucie
L
Dufková
Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: jiri.kamler@gmail.com.
Jiří
J
Kamler
Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: j.drimaj@seznam.cz.
Jakub
J
Drimaj
Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: radim.plhal@mendelu.cz.
Radim
R
Plhal
Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: prodelalova@vri.cz.
Jana
J
Prodělalová
D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003332:Coronaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003333:Coronaviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D018153:Czech Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; C060339:VP4 protein, Rotavirus; C061332:VP6 protein, Rotavirus; C050779:VP7 protein, Rotavirus
Enteric viruses; Phylogeny; RT-PCR; Rotavirus A; Wild boar