Long-term CO2 injection and its impact on near-surface soil microbiology.
Impacts of long-term CO2exposure on environmental processes and microbial populations of near-surface soils are poorly understood. This near-surface long-term CO2injection study demonstrated that soil microbiology and geochemistry is influenced more by seasonal parameters than elevated CO2Soil samples were taken during a 3-year field experiment including sampling campaigns before, during and after 24 months of continuous CO2injection. CO2concentrations within CO2-injected plots increased up to 23% during the injection period. No CO2impacts on geochemistry were detected over time. In addition, CO2-exposed samples did not show significant changes in microbial CO2and CH4turnover rates compared to reference samples. Likewise, no significant CO2-induced variations were detected for the abundance of Bacteria, Archaea (16S rDNA) and gene copy numbers of the mcrA gene, Crenarchaeota and amoA gene. The majority (75%-95%) of the bacterial sequences were assigned to five phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes The majority of the archaeal sequences (85%-100%) were assigned to the thaumarchaeotal cluster I.1b (soil group). Univariate and multivariate statistical as well as principal component analyses showed no significant CO2-induced variation. Instead, seasonal impacts especially temperature and precipitation were detected.
Department of Resource Geochemistry, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany.
Simone
S
Gwosdz
Environmental Science Centre, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK West Consult, 10 Alford Road, West Bridgford, Nottingham NG2 6GJ, UK.
Julia M
JM
West
Environmental Science Centre, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.
David
D
Jones
Department of Resource Geochemistry, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany.
Jana
J
Rakoczy
Environmental Science Centre, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.
Kay
K
Green
Environmental Science Centre, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.
Tom
T
Barlow
Department of Resource Geochemistry, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany.
Marco
M
Blöthe
School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
Karon
K
Smith
School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
Michael
M
Steven
Department of Resource Geochemistry, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany Martin.Krueger@bgr.de.
Martin
M
Krüger
D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019615:Crenarchaeota / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D006113:United Kingdom
D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012987:Soil; D002245:Carbon Dioxide
Archaea; Bacteria; CCS; CO2-leakage; pyrosequencing; qPCR