Translation and validation of the Hebrew version of the SHALOM Spiritual questionnaire.
BACKGROUND
The SHALOM questionnaire is based on a multidimensional perception of spirituality. This study examines the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the Hebrew version of Fisher's SHALOM questionnaire.


METHODS
The study included 341 participants. Tools included the SHALOM questionnaire and measures for evaluation of well-being. The factorial structure of the SHALOM was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Concurrent validity was also tested.


RESULTS
EFA supported the four-dimensional structure of the questionnaire. Internal consistency of the four dimensions ranges from adequate to excellent (0.72 < α < 0.96). Concurrent validity was supported by the positive associations between SHALOM and indices of life satisfaction, will to live, and participant's health perception and by negative association with depressive symptoms and fear of dying.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that responses to the Hebrew version of the SHALOM questionnaire are valid and reliable, and can be used as an efficient tool for evaluation of spiritual well-being.
a Department of Public Health and Centre of Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel.
Nahum
N
Elhai
a Department of Public Health and Centre of Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel.
Sara
S
Carmel
a Department of Public Health and Centre of Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel.
Norm
N
O'Rourke
a Department of Public Health and Centre of Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel.
Yaacov G
YG
Bachner
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001293:Attitude to Death; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D029181:Spirituality; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014175:Translating; D055815:Young Adult
Hebrew; Spirituality; exploratory factor analysis; validation