Partially hydrolysed guar gum ameliorates murine intestinal inflammation in association with modulating luminal microbiota and SCFA.
Partially hydrolysed guar gum (PHGG), a water-soluble dietary fibre produced by the controlled partial enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum beans, has various physiological roles. This study aimed to elucidate the beneficial effects of PHGG on colonic mucosal damage in a murine 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model. Acute colitis was induced in male C57BL/6 mice with TNBS after 2 weeks of pre-feeding with PHGG (5 %). The colonic mucosal inflammation was evaluated using macroscopic damage scores, and neutrophil infiltration was assessed by measuring tissue-associated myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the colonic mucosa. TNF-α expression in the colonic mucosa was measured by ELISA and real-time PCR. Moreover, the intestinal microbiota and production of SCFA were assessed by real-time PCR and HPLC, respectively. Colonic damage due to TNBS administration was significantly ameliorated by PHGG treatment. Furthermore, PHGG significantly inhibited increases in MPO activity and TNF-α protein and mRNA expression in the colonic mucosa in TNBS-induced colitis. On analysis of intestinal microbiota, we found that the concentration of the Clostridium coccoides group (Clostridium cluster XIVa), the Clostridium leptum subgroup (Clostridium cluster IV) and the Bacteroides fragilis group had significantly increased in PHGG-fed mice. On analysis of SCFA, we found that the caecal content of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid had significantly increased in PHGG-fed mice. Together, these results suggest that chronic ingestion of PHGG prevents the development of TNBS-induced colitis in mice by modulating the intestinal microbiota and SCFA, which may be significant in the development of therapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease.
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Tomohisa
T
Takagi
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Yuji
Y
Naito
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Yasuki
Y
Higashimura
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Chihiro
C
Ushiroda
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Katsura
K
Mizushima
2Laboratory of Food Hygiene,Department of Food Science and Technology,Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University,1-7-1, Kyonan-cho,Musashino,Tokyo 180-8602,Japan.
Yuji
Y
Ohashi
3Nutrition Division,Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd,1-3 Takaramachi,Yokkaichi 510-0844,Japan.
Zenta
Z
Yasukawa
3Nutrition Division,Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd,1-3 Takaramachi,Yokkaichi 510-0844,Japan.
Makoto
M
Ozeki
3Nutrition Division,Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd,1-3 Takaramachi,Yokkaichi 510-0844,Japan.
Makoto
M
Tokunaga
3Nutrition Division,Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd,1-3 Takaramachi,Yokkaichi 510-0844,Japan.
Tsutomu
T
Okubo
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Kazuhiro
K
Katada
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Kazuhiro
K
Kamada
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Kazuhiko
K
Uchiyama
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Osamu
O
Handa
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Yoshito
Y
Itoh
1Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Graduate School of Medical Science,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine,Kyoto,602-8566,Japan.
Toshikazu
T
Yoshikawa
D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D003106:Colon / Q000201:enzymology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005685:Galactans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology; D007422:Intestines / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D053149:Plant Gums; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; C007894:guar gum; D009195:Peroxidase
 IBD inflammatory bowel diseases;  MPO myeloperoxidase;  PHGG partially hydrolysed guar gum;  TNBS 2; 2; 4; 6-Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis; 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid; Microbiota; Partially hydrolysed guar gum; SCFA