Neuroprotective Effects of Sulphated Agaran from Marine Alga Gracilaria cornea in Rat 6-Hydroxydopamine Parkinson's Disease Model: Behavioural, Neurochemical and Transcriptional Alterations.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disease associated with the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and behavioural alterations. Natural bioactive compounds may provide new therapeutic alternatives for neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD. The sulphated polysaccharides isolated from marine algae are heterogenic molecules that show different biological activities. The red marine alga Gracilaria cornea has a sulphated polysaccharide (SA-Gc) with structure and anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities reported in the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of SA-Gc in rat model PD induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Firstly, we established the PD model in rats, induced by an intrastriatal injection (int.) of 6-OHDA, followed by a single administration of SA-Gc (15, 30 or 60 μg; int.). On the 14th day, behavioural tests were performed. After killing, brain areas were dissected and used for neurochemical and/or transcriptional analyses. The results showed that SA-Gc (60 μg, int.) promoted neuroprotective effects in vivo through reducing the oxidative/nitroactive stress and through alterations in the monoamine contents induced by 6-OHDA. Furthermore, SA-Gc modulated the transcription of neuroprotective and inflammatory genes, as well as returning behavioural activities and weight gain to normal conditions. Thus, this study reports the neuroprotective effects of SA-Gc against 6-OHDA in rats.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Ricardo Basto
RB
Souza
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Annyta Fernandes
AF
Frota
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Rayane Siqueira
RS
Sousa
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Nayara Araújo
NA
Cezario
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Tarcizio Brito
TB
Santos
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Luziana Mara Frota
LM
Souza
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Chistiane Oliveira
CO
Coura
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Valdécio Silvano
VS
Monteiro
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Gerardo
G
Cristino Filho
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Silvânia Maria Mendes
SM
Vasconcelos
Biotechnology Core of Sobral, State University of Acaraú Valley, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Rodrigo Maranguape Silva
RM
da Cunha
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Lissiana Magna Vasconcelos
LM
Aguiar
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Norma Maria Barros
NM
Benevides
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D044724:Gracilaria / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016627:Oxidopamine; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D045442:Rotarod Performance Test; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides; D016627:Oxidopamine