Associations of neighborhood socioeconomic and racial/ethnic characteristics with changes in survey-based neighborhood quality, 2000-2011.
We investigated the relationships between neighborhood socio-demographic characteristics (socioeconomic status [SES], percentage of Black residents, and percentage of Hispanic residents) and survey-based measures of the social environment (social cohesion, safety) and the physical environment (healthy food environment, walking environment) in six sites from 2000 through 2011. Neighborhood environments were patterned by area SES and racial/ethnic composition, such that higher SES and lower percentage minority neighborhoods had better physical and social environments. Increasing disparities over time were observed for some neighborhood environments. Further research should explore the role of neighborhood environments in maintaining or increasing social disparities in health.
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Center for Social Epidemiology & Population Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States. Electronic address: paulina.kaiser@oregonstate.edu.
Paulina
P
Kaiser
Drexel University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. Electronic address: aha27@drexel.edu.
Amy H
AH
Auchincloss
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Center for Social Epidemiology & Population Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States. Electronic address: kam642@drexel.edu.
Kari
K
Moore
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 1415 Washington Heights Room M4164, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States. Electronic address: brisa@umich.edu.
Brisa N
BN
Sánchez
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 1415 Washington Heights Room M4525, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States. Electronic address: Berrocal@umich.edu.
Veronica
V
Berrocal
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, 680 N Lake Shore Dr Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, United States. Electronic address: norrina-allen@northwestern.edu.
Norrina
N
Allen
Drexel University School of Public Health, Nesbitt Hall Room 255, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. Electronic address: avd37@drexel.edu.
Ana V Diez
AV
Roux
D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019352:Censuses; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044469:Racial Groups; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012449:Safety; D012919:Social Behavior; D012923:Social Class; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016138:Walking
Longitudinal; Neighborhoods; Physical environment; Social environment