Antiproton Flux, Antiproton-to-Proton Flux Ratio, and Properties of Elementary Particle Fluxes in Primary Cosmic Rays Measured with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station.
A precision measurement by AMS of the antiproton flux and the antiproton-to-proton flux ratio in primary cosmic rays in the absolute rigidity range from 1 to 450 GV is presented based on 3.49×10^{5} antiproton events and 2.42×10^{9} proton events. The fluxes and flux ratios of charged elementary particles in cosmic rays are also presented. In the absolute rigidity range ∼60 to ∼500  GV, the antiproton p[over ¯], proton p, and positron e^{+} fluxes are found to have nearly identical rigidity dependence and the electron e^{-} flux exhibits a different rigidity dependence. Below 60 GV, the (p[over ¯]/p), (p[over ¯]/e^{+}), and (p/e^{+}) flux ratios each reaches a maximum. From ∼60 to ∼500  GV, the (p[over ¯]/p), (p[over ¯]/e^{+}), and (p/e^{+}) flux ratios show no rigidity dependence. These are new observations of the properties of elementary particles in the cosmos.
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
M
M
Aguilar
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
L
L
Ali Cavasonza
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
B
B
Alpat
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
G
G
Ambrosi
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
L
L
Arruda
Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
N
N
Attig
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
S
S
Aupetit
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
P
P
Azzarello
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
A
A
Bachlechner
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
F
F
Barao
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
A
A
Barrau
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
L
L
Barrin
INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
A
A
Bartoloni
INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
L
L
Basara
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
S
S
Başeǧmez-du Pree
Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
M
M
Battarbee
INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.|Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
R
R
Battiston
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
J
J
Bazo
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
U
U
Becker
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
M
M
Behlmann
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
B
B
Beischer
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
J
J
Berdugo
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.|Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
B
B
Bertucci
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
V
V
Bindi
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.|Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
G
G
Boella
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
W
W
de Boer
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
K
K
Bollweg
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
V
V
Bonnivard
INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.|Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
B
B
Borgia
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
M J
MJ
Boschini
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
M
M
Bourquin
Instituto de Fìsica de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
E F
EF
Bueno
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
J
J
Burger
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
F
F
Cadoux
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
X D
XD
Cai
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
M
M
Capell
Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
S
S
Caroff
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
J
J
Casaus
CNR-IROE, I-50125 Firenze, Italy.
G
G
Castellini
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
I
I
Cernuda
INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
F
F
Cervelli
Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.
M J
MJ
Chae
National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan.
Y H
YH
Chang
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
A I
AI
Chen
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
G M
GM
Chen
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
H S
HS
Chen
Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
L
L
Cheng
National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan.
H Y
HY
Chou
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
E
E
Choumilov
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
V
V
Choutko
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
C H
CH
Chung
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
C
C
Clark
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
R
R
Clavero
Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
G
G
Coignet
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
C
C
Consolandi
INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.|Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
A
A
Contin
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
C
C
Corti
INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
B
B
Coste
National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan.
W
W
Creus
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.|INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.|Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
M
M
Crispoltoni
Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
Z
Z
Cui
Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
Y M
YM
Dai
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
C
C
Delgado
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
S
S
Della Torre
Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
M B
MB
Demirköz
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
L
L
Derome
INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
S
S
Di Falco
INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.|Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
F
F
Dimiccoli
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
C
C
Díaz
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
P
P
von Doetinchem
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
F
F
Dong
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.|Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
F
F
Donnini
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.|Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
M
M
Duranti
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
D
D
D'Urso
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
A
A
Egorov
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
A
A
Eline
Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
T
T
Eronen
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
J
J
Feng
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.|Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
E
E
Fiandrini
Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
E
E
Finch
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
P
P
Fisher
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.|INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
V
V
Formato
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Y
Y
Galaktionov
INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
G
G
Gallucci
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
B
B
García
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
R J
RJ
García-López
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
C
C
Gargiulo
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
H
H
Gast
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
I
I
Gebauer
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.|Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
M
M
Gervasi
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
A
A
Ghelfi
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
F
F
Giovacchini
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
P
P
Goglov
Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
D M
DM
Gómez-Coral
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
J
J
Gong
Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
C
C
Goy
Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
V
V
Grabski
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
D
D
Grandi
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.|Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
M
M
Graziani
INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.|Università di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
I
I
Guerri
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
K H
KH
Guo
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
M
M
Habiby
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
S
S
Haino
National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan.
K C
KC
Han
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
Z H
ZH
He
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
M
M
Heil
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
J
J
Hoffman
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
T H
TH
Hsieh
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
H
H
Huang
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
Z C
ZC
Huang
CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
C
C
Huh
INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
M
M
Incagli
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
M
M
Ionica
CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
W Y
WY
Jang
National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan.
H
H
Jinchi
CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
S C
SC
Kang
INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.|Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
K
K
Kanishev
CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
G N
GN
Kim
CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
K S
KS
Kim
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
Th
T
Kirn
Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
C
C
Konak
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
O
O
Kounina
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
A
A
Kounine
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
V
V
Koutsenko
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
M S
MS
Krafczyk
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
G
G
La Vacca
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
E
E
Laudi
INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
G
G
Laurenti
INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.|Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
I
I
Lazzizzera
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
A
A
Lebedev
Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
H T
HT
Lee
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
S C
SC
Lee
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
C
C
Leluc
National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
H S
HS
Li
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
J Q
JQ
Li
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
J Q
JQ
Li
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
Q
Q
Li
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
T X
TX
Li
Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China.
W
W
Li
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Z H
ZH
Li
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
Z Y
ZY
Li
CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
S
S
Lim
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
C H
CH
Lin
INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
P
P
Lipari
Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
T
T
Lippert
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
D
D
Liu
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Hu
H
Liu
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
S Q
SQ
Lu
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Y S
YS
Lu
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
K
K
Luebelsmeyer
Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
F
F
Luo
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
J Z
JZ
Luo
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
S S
SS
Lv
Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
R
R
Majka
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
C
C
Mañá
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
J
J
Marín
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
T
T
Martin
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
G
G
Martínez
INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
N
N
Masi
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
D
D
Maurin
Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
A
A
Menchaca-Rocha
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
Q
Q
Meng
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
D C
DC
Mo
INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
L
L
Morescalchi
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
P
P
Mott
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
T
T
Nelson
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
J Q
JQ
Ni
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
N
N
Nikonov
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
F
F
Nozzoli
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
P
P
Nunes
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
A
A
Oliva
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
M
M
Orcinha
INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.|Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
F
F
Palmonari
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
C
C
Palomares
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
M
M
Paniccia
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.|Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
M
M
Pauluzzi
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.|Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
S
S
Pensotti
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
R
R
Pereira
IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
N
N
Picot-Clemente
INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
F
F
Pilo
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
C
C
Pizzolotto
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
V
V
Plyaskin
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
M
M
Pohl
Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
V
V
Poireau
Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
A
A
Putze
INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.|Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
L
L
Quadrani
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
X M
XM
Qi
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
X
X
Qin
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
Z Y
ZY
Qu
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
T
T
Räihä
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
P G
PG
Rancoita
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
D
D
Rapin
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
J S
JS
Ricol
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
I
I
Rodríguez
Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
S
S
Rosier-Lees
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
A
A
Rozhkov
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
D
D
Rozza
East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
R
R
Sagdeev
Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
J
J
Sandweiss
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
P
P
Saouter
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
S
S
Schael
Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
S M
SM
Schmidt
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
A
A
Schulz von Dratzig
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
G
G
Schwering
IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
E S
ES
Seo
Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China.
B S
BS
Shan
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
J Y
JY
Shi
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
T
T
Siedenburg
CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
D
D
Son
Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
J W
JW
Song
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
W H
WH
Sun
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
M
M
Tacconi
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
X W
XW
Tang
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Z C
ZC
Tang
Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
L
L
Tao
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
D
D
Tescaro
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.|European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
Samuel C C
SC
Ting
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
S M
SM
Ting
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
N
N
Tomassetti
Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
J
J
Torsti
Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
C
C
Türkoğlu
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
T
T
Urban
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
V
V
Vagelli
INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.|Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
E
E
Valente
INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
C
C
Vannini
Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
E
E
Valtonen
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
M
M
Vázquez Acosta
Instituto de Fìsica de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
M
M
Vecchi
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
M
M
Velasco
Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
J P
JP
Vialle
INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
V
V
Vitale
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
S
S
Vitillo
Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
L Q
LQ
Wang
Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
N H
NH
Wang
Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
Q L
QL
Wang
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
X
X
Wang
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
X Q
XQ
Wang
Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
Z X
ZX
Wang
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
C C
CC
Wei
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Z L
ZL
Weng
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
K
K
Whitman
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
J
J
Wienkenhöver
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
M
M
Willenbrock
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
H
H
Wu
DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
X
X
Wu
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
X
X
Xia
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
R Q
RQ
Xiong
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
W
W
Xu
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Q
Q
Yan
Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.
J
J
Yang
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
M
M
Yang
National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
Y
Y
Yang
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
H
H
Yi
Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
Y J
YJ
Yu
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Z Q
ZQ
Yu
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
S
S
Zeissler
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
C
C
Zhang
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
J
J
Zhang
Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
J H
JH
Zhang
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
S D
SD
Zhang
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
S W
SW
Zhang
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Z
Z
Zhang
Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China.
Z M
ZM
Zheng
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Z Q
ZQ
Zhu
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
H L
HL
Zhuang
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
V
V
Zhukov
INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.|Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
A
A
Zichichi
I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
N
N
Zimmermann
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
P
P
Zuccon