Predictors of Comorbid Eating Disorders and Diabetes in People with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to identify psychosocial predictors of comorbid eating disorders (EDs) in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, 140 people with diabetes answered an online survey covering sociodemographic information, body esteem, restrictive eating, medication omission, coping styles and depressive symptoms. Participants were recruited through advertisements on more than 100 websites, including forums, community organizations and Facebook groups focusing on either diabetes or EDs. Recruitment took place in Canada, Europe, Australia and the United States.


RESULTS
On average, EDs developed after diabetes diagnoses in participants with type 1 diabetes but prior to diabetes diagnosis in participants with type 2 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, avoidance coping styles and depressive symptoms predicted an additional diagnosis of EDs. Co-occurring EDs and type 2 diabetes were predicted by body mass indexes and task-oriented coping strategies.


CONCLUSIONS
Variables potentially influencing the development of EDs in people with diabetes differ according to the type of diabetes, body mass indexes, coping styles and depressive symptoms; they should be more systematically evaluated and closely monitored. In the context of diabetes management, prevention strategies for ED onset based on increased knowledge of the risk factors associated with EDs are necessary and could help decrease the risk for the health complications of diabetes.
Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Cynthia
C
Gagnon
Département de Psychoéducation et de Psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, St-Jérôme, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: annie.aime@uqo.ca.
Annie
A
Aimé
Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Claude
C
Bélanger
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
comorbidity; comorbidité; diabète de type 1 et de type 2; eating disorders; troubles des conduites alimentaires; type 1 and type 2 diabetes