Single nucleotide polymorphisms to discriminate different classes of hybrid between wild Atlantic salmon and aquaculture escapees.
Many wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations are threatened by introgressive hybridization from domesticated fish that have escaped from aquaculture facilities. A detailed understanding of the hybridization dynamics between wild salmon and aquaculture escapees requires discrimination of different hybrid classes; however, markers currently available to discriminate the two types of parental genome have limited power to do this. Using a high-density Atlantic salmon single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, in combination with pooled-sample allelotyping and an Fst outlier approach, we identified 200 SNPs that differentiated an important Atlantic salmon stock from the escapees potentially hybridizing with it. By simulating multiple generations of wild-escapee hybridization, involving wild populations in two major phylogeographic lineages and a genetically diverse set of escapees, we showed that both the complete set of SNPs and smaller subsets could reliably assign individuals to different hybrid classes up to the third hybrid (F3) generation. This set of markers will be a useful tool for investigating the genetic interactions between native wild fish and aquaculture escapees in many Atlantic salmon populations.
Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland.
Victoria L
0000-0003-0992-7403
VL
Pritchard
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Utsjoki Finland.
Jaakko
J
Erkinaro
Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE) Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences Aas Norway.
Matthew P
MP
Kent
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Utsjoki Finland.
Eero
E
Niemelä
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Utsjoki Finland.
Panu
P
Orell
Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE) Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences Aas Norway.
Sigbjørn
S
Lien
Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland.
Craig R
0000-0002-3687-8435
CR
Primmer
Atlantic salmon; SNP array; Salmo salar; allelotyping; aquaculture escapee; introgressive hybridization