Sandflies in an urban area of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in midwest Brazil.
The phlebotomine fauna of Campo Grande city, capital of Mato Grosso do Sul state in Brazil, an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis, has been thoroughly investigated, but all the insect collections were undertaken with automatic light traps. The present study sought to investigate the fauna in this city using Shannon and Disney traps, having human beings and hamsters, respectively, as bait. Both types of traps were installed in forest fragment and peridomiciliary areas in the period from 2007 to 2009. The phlebotomine females were analyzed by PCR for Leishmania identification. Lutzomyia longipalpis was the only species collected in the peridomiciles and rendered a total of 574 specimens with a 5.2:1 male:female ratio. A total of eight species were attracted to the two traps (one of each type) installed in the forest fragment, including: Bichromomyia flaviscutellata, Evandromyia bourrouli, Evandromyia lenti, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Nyssomyia whitmani, Pintomyia christenseni, Psathyromyia bigeniculata, and Sciopemyia sordellii. A total of 143 specimens were collected, Bi. flaviscutellata accounting for 81% and Lu. longipalpis for 1.4% of them. In one female of Lu. longipalpis collected in a Disney trap installed in a peridomicile, Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum DNA was found, thus strengthening the hypothesis that the transmission of leishmaniasis is in fact occurring in the anthropic environment.
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Maria Elizabeth Cavalheiros
ME
Dorval
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Elisa Teruya
ET
Oshiro
Faculty of Public Health, Epidemiology Department, University of São Paulo, 01246904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Andreia Fernandes
AF
Brilhante
Human Parasitology Laboratory, Anhanguera-Uniderp University, 79035740 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Vânia Lúcia Brandão
VL
Nunes
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Geucira
G
Cristaldo
Department of Immunology, Research Center Aggeu Magalhães, 50670420 Recife, PE, Brazil.
Manoel Sebastião Costa
MS
Lima Júnior
Faculty of Public Health, Epidemiology Department, University of São Paulo, 01246904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Eunice Aparecida Bianchi
EA
Galati
D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D006224:Cricetinae; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000145:classification* / Q000469:parasitology; D007891:Leishmania / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D008297:Male; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000145:classification* / Q000469:parasitology; D012744:Sex Ratio; D014505:Urban Population
D016054:DNA, Protozoan