Chemical Components of Noncommercial Alcohol Beverage Samples: A Study With the Viewpoint of Toxic Components in Mashhad, Iran.
BACKGROUND
Iran has one of the lowest alcoholic beverage use rates in comparison with other countries, because it is legally forbidden and because of religious beliefs. Even so, unrecorded and noncommercial alcohol remains a considerable concern, which needs special attention.


OBJECTIVE
In the current research, we have studied the general composition of noncommercial alcohol samples to identify potentially toxic components in the context of the city of Mashhad in IR Iran.


METHODS
Using a descriptive study, chemical composition records of alcohol samples obtained from Mashhad and its suburbs (from March 2013 to March 2014) were evaluated in terms of ethanol percentage and methanol percentage using gas chromatography. Likewise, the pH of the alcohol and the location of the sample were also considered. Some substances, such as inorganic elements, were not included because there was no information about these substances in the records.


RESULTS
Of 877 reports of alcohol samples, more than 50% were obtained from Mashhad and the rest were from the suburbs. Of the reports, 57.5% were in the spring and summer, followed by 42.5% in the fall and winter. The mean (min-max) of ethanol percentage was 30.04% (0 - 98.4). In four cases, methanol was detected. The mean (min-max) of methanol percentage was 23% (4 - 95).The majority of the samples had an acidic pH.


CONCLUSIONS
The composition of unrecorded samples did not raise major toxicological concern beyond ethanol in alcohol products. However, concentration levels of methanol in some unrecorded alcohol samples made these samples detrimental for human consumption.
Faculty of Medicine, Addiction Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
Bita
B
Dadpour
Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, IR Iran.
Arya
A
Hedjazi
Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, IR Iran.
Hamideh
H
Ghorbani
Faculty of Medicine, Addiction Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
Hamid
H
Khosrojerdi
Cardiac Anesthesia Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
Seyed Mohsen
SM
Vaziri
Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
Haleh
H
Malek Zadeh
Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, IR Iran.
Amir
A
Habibi Tamijani
Alcoholic Beverages; Chemical, Components; Ethanol; Methanol