title: A Physiological Controller for Turbodynamic Ventricular Assist Devices Based on Left Ventricular Systolic Pressure.
abstract: The current article presents a novel physiological feedback controller for turbodynamic ventricular assist devices (tVADs). This controller is based on the recording of the left ventricular (LV) pressure measured at the inlet cannula of a tVAD thus requiring only one pressure sensor. The LV systolic pressure (SP) is proposed as an indicator to determine the varying perfusion requirements. The algorithm to extract the SP from the pump inlet pressure signal used for the controller to adjust the speed of the tVAD shows robust behavior. Its performance was evaluated on a hybrid mock circulation. The experiments with changing perfusion requirements were compared with a physiological circulation and a pathological one assisted with a tVAD operated at constant speed. A sensitivity analysis of the controller parameters was conducted to identify their limits and their influence on a circulation. The performance of the proposed SP controller was evaluated for various values of LV contractility, as well as for a simulated pressure sensor drift. The response of a pathological circulation assisted by a tVAD controlled by the introduced SP controller matched the physiological circulation well, while over- and underpumping events were eliminated. The controller presented a robust performance during experiments with simulated pressure sensor drift.
authors.affiliation: Product Development Group Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anastasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petrou
authors.affiliation: Product Development Group Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.|Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ochsner
authors.affiliation: Wyss Translation Center Zurich, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Raffael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pergantis
authors.affiliation: Product Development Group Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rebholz
authors.affiliation: Product Development Group Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meboldt
authors.affiliation: Product Development Group Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. marischm@ethz.ch.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmid Daners
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D004867:Equipment Design; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D017725:Ventricular Pressure
keywords: Ventricular assist device-Physiological control-Left ventricular systolic pressure-Pressure measurement