title: The detoxification responses, damage effects and bioaccumulation in the scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to single and mixtures of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the detoxification responses, damage effects and biotransformation in scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (0.1, 1μg/L), chrysene (CHR) (0.1, 1μg/L) and BaP+CHR (0.1+0.1, 1+1μg/L) for 15days. Results demonstrated that BaP and CHR concentration (BaP<CHR) in tissues increased rapidly in a time and dose effect. The mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), CYP1B1, multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were induced especially in the mixtures of BaP and CHR. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) mRNA expression was significantly elevated at days 1, 10 and 15. Detoxification enzymes of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), uridine-diphosphate-glucuronyl-transferase (UGT) and sulfotransferase (SULT) were significantly induced and then became stable gradually while glutathione-S-transferase (GST) was inhibited in the mixtures of BaP and CHR at days 10 and 15. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were all stimulated especially in the mixtures of BaP and CHR. The levels of DNA strand breaks, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PC) contents showed damage effects exposed BaP and CHR. All the results indicated that BaP and CHR have similar induced effect and a majority of the biomarkers pointed to a more toxic effect when BaP and CHR were mixed. These will provide a solid foundation for the study of PAHs detoxification mechanism in bivalves and valuable information for marine pollution monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Ruiming
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China. Electronic address: panlq@ouc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Luqing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001822:Body Burden; D002911:Chrysenes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D065633:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D049897:Pectinidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D000975:Antioxidants; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D015415:Biomarkers; D002911:Chrysenes; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D065633:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C031180:chrysene
keywords: Benzo[a]pyrene; Binary mixtures; Bioaccumulation; Chrysene; Damage effects; Detoxification; Scallop Chlamys farreri