title: Detection of Occult Acute Kidney Injury in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Anemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency anemia is associated with intravascular hemolysis. The freely filtered hemoglobin can damage the kidney. We aimed to assess any subclinical renal injury in G6PD children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty children were included. Thirty G6PD deficiency anemia children were enrolled during the acute hemolytic crisis and after the hemolytic episode had elapsed. Another thirty healthy children were included as controls. Serum cystatin C, creatinine levels, and urinary albumin/creatinine (A/C) ratio were measured, and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly higher urinary A/C ratio (p=0.001,0.002 respectively) and lower GFR (p=0.001 for both) were found during hemolysis and after the hemolytic episode compared to the controls. Also, significant higher serum cystatin C (p=0.001), creatinine (p=0.05) and A/C (p= 0.001) ratio and insignificant lower GFR (p=0.3) during acute hemolytic crisis compared to the same children after the hemolytic episode subsided.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  G6PD deficiency anemia is associated with a variable degree of acute renal injury during acute hemolytic episodes which may persist after elapsing of the hemolytic crises.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Minia University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Gehan Lotfy
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Abdel Hakeem
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pathology Department, Minia University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Emad Allam
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Abdel Naeem
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Minia University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Salwa Hussein
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Swelam
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Minia University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Laila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: El Morsi Aboul Fotoh
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Minia University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abdel Azeem Mohamed
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El Mazary
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Minia University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ashraf Mohamed
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abdel Fadil
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Minia University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Asmaa Hosny
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Abdel Hafez