title: [Facial palsy in children].
abstract: Facial palsy (FP) in children is congenital or acquired. When present at birth (congenital), etiologies are mostly traumatic and rarely developmental. Acquired FP needs investigation. Research on the etiology helps to determine prognostic and treatment. At most times, no specific cause is found. Treatment of idiopathic FP consists of early oral corticosteroid therapy and ocular protection. Treating the sequelae is essential and the physician has to consider the dynamic balance of both sides of the face. Dynamic rehabilitation should mainly concern the inferior facial third. We recommend the lengthening temporalis myoplasty (LTM). This relevant technique ensures replicable and reliable results with a harmonious smile. Facial dynamic rehabilitation after surgical procedure (muscle tranfer or free muscle flap) must be directed toward control of voluntary movement, to move from a mandibular smile to a spontaneous and voluntary smile, thanks to brain plasticity. Furthermore, botulinum toxin is well tolerated and remains a great tool to treat a child who can support injections.
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile-Laine, 59000 Lille, France. Electronic address: pierguerreschi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guerreschi
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile-Laine, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: P-E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Gabert
authors.affiliation: 4, place Fontette, 14000 Caen, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Labbé
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile-Laine, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martinot-Duquennoy
mesh_terms: D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures
chemical_list: D009498:Neurotoxins; D001905:Botulinum Toxins
keywords: Botulinum toxin; Congenital palsy; Facial palsy; Lengthening temporalis myoplasty; Muscle temporal; Myoplastie d’allongement du temporal; Paralysie congénitale; Paralysie faciale; Temporal muscle; Toxine botulique