title: Gastroprotective Effect of Alkaloids from Cortex Phellodendri on Gastric Ulcers in Rats through Neurohumoral Regulation.
abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective activity of the total alkaloids from the bark ofPhellodendron amurenseand identify their possible mechanism. Total alkaloids were obtained through an alcohol extraction method and were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Chronic gastric ulcers were induced by acetic acid (0.14 mol/L) filter paper on the gastric serosa. The antiulcer effect of total alkaloids was evaluated using the ulcer area, the ulcer inhibition ratio, and epidermal growth factor. The gastroprotective mechanism of total alkaloids was revealed using the levels of serotonin and noradrenaline. The results showed that oral administration of total alkaloids (30 mg/kg/day) obviously decreased the ulcer area (7.67 ± 2.06 mm2; p < 0.01) compared with the model group (15.15 ± 2.34 mm2). The ulcer inhibition ratio of the total alkaloids group (50 %) was higher than the omeprazole-treated group (46 %), which showed that the antiulcer effect of the total alkaloids may be superior to omeprazole. Besides, the total alkaloids significantly increased the epidermal growth factor level and accelerated the healing of ulcers. Histological examination of gastric tissues also supported the same conclusion. In addition, the total alkaloids significantly elevated the levels of serotonin and noradrenaline (both p < 0.01 compared to the model group). Our data indicates that total alkaloids of Cortex Phellodendri exerts a beneficial gastroprotective effect and the involved mechanism is likely neurohumoral regulation. Thus, Cortex Phellodendri may develop into a promising clinical medicinal agent for improving the quality of ulcer healing.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Qi
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Juan
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Run
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, U. S. A.
authors.forename: Chong-Zhi
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, U. S. A.
authors.forename: Chun-Su
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000097:blood; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D032102:Phellodendron / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027821:Rutaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; D009853:Omeprazole; D019342:Acetic Acid