title: Lymphoma of the Cervix: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
abstract: Lymphoma of the uterine cervix (LUCX) is rare and may occur as a primary or secondary manifestation of this disease. Clinical and cytological presentations of LUCX vary and establishing diagnosis is often difficult. Surgery followed by radiation or chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment.
  
  
  
  We present the case of a 73-year-old woman with recurrent pathological PAP smears of the cervix and a history of chronic lymphatic leukemia 15 years ago. Colposcopy of the cervix showed no acetowhite lesion and a conization was performed. Histology revealed endocervical lymphoid cells, specified as low-malignant B-Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the cervix based on the expression of CD5, CD20, and CD23, whilst CD10 and cyclin D1 were negative. The diagnosis was confirmed by flow cytometry of peripheral blood. Staging revealed enlarged iliacal, para-aortic, mediastinal, cervical, subclavicular, and inguinal lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly. Bone marrow analysis confirmed lymphoid infiltration consistent with B-cell lymphoma. The patient was scheduled for a combined immuno-chemotherapy with obinutuzumab and chlorambucil. In a MEDLINE literature search, 246 cases of LUCX were identified. One hundred and eighty-five cases were primary and 61 cases were secondary manifestations of LUCX. With a mean follow-up time of 38 months, overall survival was 81%. Data in the literature including clinical and histological characteristics of LUCX as well as the clinical management and prognosis are discussed herein.
  
  
  
  LUCX is rare and has distinct clinical and histological features. LUCX is usually treated with local surgical excision followed by radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hilal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Askin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Anna Hospital, Herne, Germany.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Krentel
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienhospital Witten, Witten, Germany.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schiermeier
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/Oncology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schultheis
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany clemens.tempfer@rub.de.
authors.forename: Clemens B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Tempfer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins
keywords: B-Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; CLL; Lymphoma; cervix; immunohistochemistry