title: The Role of Cytokine PF4 in the Antiviral Immune Response of Shrimp.
abstract: During viral infection in vertebrates, cytokines play important roles in the host defense against the virus. However, the function of cytokines in invertebrates has not been well characterized. In this study, shrimp cytokines involved in viral infection were screened using a cytokine antibody microarray. The results showed that three cytokines, the Fas receptor (Fas), platelet factor 4 (PF4) and interleukin-22 (IL-22), were significantly upregulated in the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-challenged shrimp, suggesting that these cytokines played positive regulatory roles in the immune response of shrimp against the virus. Further experiments revealed that PF4 had positive effects on the antiviral immunity of shrimp by enhancing the shrimp phagocytic activity and inhibiting the apoptotic activity of virus-infected hemocytes. Therefore, our study presented a novel mechanism of cytokines in the innate immunity of invertebrates.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, The People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yulei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, The People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, The People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D003445:Crustacea / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010978:Platelet Factor 4 / Q000502:physiology*; D046848:White spot syndrome virus 1 / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010978:Platelet Factor 4