title: Structural brain markers are differentially associated with neurocognitive profiles in socially marginalized people with multimorbid illness.
abstract: The authors examined associations between complementary fronto-temporal structural brain measures (gyrification, cortical thickness) and neurocognitive profiles in a multimorbid, socially marginalized sample.
  
  
  
  Participants were recruited from single-room occupancy hotels and a downtown community courthouse (N = 299) and grouped on multiple neurocognitive domains using cluster analysis. Subsequently, the authors evaluated whether the fronto-temporal brain indices, and proxy measures of neurodevelopment and acquired brain insult/risk exposure differentiated members of the 3 distinct neurocognitive clusters.
  
  
  
  Greater frontal and temporal gyrification and more proxies of aberrant neurodevelopment were associated with the lowest functioning neurocognitive cluster (Cluster 3). Further, for older participants (50+ years), increased cortical thickness in frontal regions was associated with the higher functioning neurocognitive cluster (Cluster 1). Finally, the greatest acquired brain insult/risk exposure was associated with the cluster characterized by selective decision-making impairment (Cluster 2).
  
  
  
  Fronto-temporal structural brain indices, and proxies of neurodevelopment and acquired brain insult/risk exposure were differentially associated with neurocognitive profiles in socially marginalized persons. These findings highlight the unique pathways to neurocognitive impairment in a heterogeneous population and help to clarify the vulnerabilities confronted by different subgroups. (PsycINFO Database Record
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University.
authors.forename: Kristina M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Gicas
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University.
authors.forename: Chantelle J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Giesbrecht
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Panenka
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Donna J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Geoffrey N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Fidel
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8273-8820
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vila-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Leonova
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Andrea A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Alasdair M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Ric M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Procyshyn
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Tari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: G William
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: MacEwan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: A Talia
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Vertinsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rauscher
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia.
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Honer
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University.
authors.forename: Allen E
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9942-0122
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Thornton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D015897:Comorbidity; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D062487:Social Marginalization / Q000523:psychology*