title: Antiphospholipid and antioangiogenic activity in females with recurrent miscarriage and antiphospholipid syndrome.
abstract: Background Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by thrombosis, fetal losses and thrombocytopenia associated to antiphospholipid antibodies. They are directed to phospholipids, such as cardiolipins (anticardiolipin) and lupus anticoagulant or to complexes formed by phospholipids and protein cofactors, such as β2 glycoprotein 1 (a-β2GP1) and annexin V (a-annexin V). These auto-antibodies may be considered as a family of antibodies involved in thrombotic events and antiphospholipid activity. On the other hand, some proangiogenic factors are involved in the normal development of placental vasculature, such as the vascular endothelial growth factor. Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor in its soluble form (sVEGFR-1) has been associated to a higher antiangiogenic activity. Our aim was to analyse the association between anticardiolipin, lupus anticoagulant, a-β2GP1, a-annexin V and sVEGFR-1 with recurrent miscarriage before week 10 of gestation in females with antiphospholipid syndrome. Methods We studied 24 females (primary or secondary antiphospholipid syndrome), who were divided into two groups: females with recurrent miscarriage before week 10 of gestation (M; n = 12) and females with no history of fetal loss (NM; n = 12). Anticardiolipin, a-β2GP1, a-annexin V and sVEGF-R1 concentrations were assessed by ELISA, while lupus anticoagulant was assessed by screening and confirmatory tests. Results A significant association was observed between the number of positive biomarkers and the belonging group ( P < 0.05). Besides, a positive result for lupus anticoagulant and a-β2GP1 was found to be significantly associated to the M group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Lupus anticoagulant and a-β2GP1 may be implicated in pregnancies complicated by recurrent miscarriage in females with antiphospholipid syndrome.
authors.affiliation: 1 Área Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Hector F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Pelusa
authors.affiliation: 1 Área Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pezzarini
authors.affiliation: 1 Área Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.|2 Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Cecilia L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Basiglio
authors.affiliation: 3 Servicio de Reumatología y Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas, Hospital J. B. Iturraspe, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Musuruana
authors.affiliation: 4 Laboratorio Central, Departamento Bioquímica Clínica con sede en el Hospital Provincial del Centenario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Mariela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bearzotti
authors.affiliation: 4 Laboratorio Central, Departamento Bioquímica Clínica con sede en el Hospital Provincial del Centenario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Svetaz
authors.affiliation: 1 Área Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Stella M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Daniele
authors.affiliation: 5 Área Estadística y Procesamiento de Datos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Hebe
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bottai
authors.affiliation: 1 Área Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Sandra Mm
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Arriaga
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000276:immunology; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood*; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor / Q000097:blood; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000097:blood; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1
keywords: Pregnancy; coagulation testing; immunoassay