title: Clinicopathologic Assessment of Ocular Adnexal Lymphoproliferative Lesions at a Tertiary Eye Hospital in Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The most common type of ocular lymphoma is non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), categorized into two groups: indolent (slow growing) and aggressive (rapid growing). Differentiating benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) from malignant ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL) is challenging. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ow cytometry have been used as diagnostic tools in such cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective case series, from 2002 to 2013 at Farabi Eye Center, 110 patients with ocular lymphoproliferative disease were enrolled. Prevalence, anatomical locations, mean age at diagnosis and the nal diagnosis of the disease with IHC were assessed. Comparison between previous pathologic diagnoses and results of IHC was made. Immunoglobulin light chains and B-cell and T-cell markers and other immuno-phenotyping markers including CD20, CD3, CD5, CD23, CD10, CYCLIND1 and BCL2 were evaluated to determine the most accurate diagnosis. The lymphomas were categorized based on revised European-American lymphoma (REAL) classi cation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age±SD (years) of the patients was 55.6 ±19.3 and 61% were male. Patients with follicular lymphoma, large B-cell lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small cell lymphoma (CLL/SLL) tended to be older. Nine patients with previous diagnoses of low grade B-cell lymphoma were re-evaluated by IHC and the new diagnoses were as follows: extranodal marginal zone lymphoma(EMZL) (n=1), SLL(n=1), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (n=3), reactive lymphoid hyperplasia RLH (n=2). Two cases were excluded due to poor blocks. Flow cytometry reports in these seven patients revealed SLL with positive CD5 and CD23, MCL with positive CD5 and CyclinD1 and negative CD23, EMZL with negative CD5,CD23 and CD10. One RLH patient was negative for Kappa/Lambda and positive for CD3 and CD20 and the other was positive for all of the light chains, CD3 and CD20. Orbit (49.1%), conjunctiva (16.1%) and lacrimal glands (16.1%) were the most common sites of involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Accurate pathological classi cation of lesions is crucial to determine proper therapeutic approaches. This can be achieved through precise histologic and IHC analyses by expert pathologists.
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail : drznozarian@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Fahimeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Asadi-Amoli
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nozarian
authors.forename: Hirbod Nasiri
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Bonaki
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mehrtash
authors.forename: Samaneh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Entezari
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D005123:Eye / Q000473:pathology; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D007492:Iran; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019310:Pseudolymphoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains