title: Biochemical and Clinical Profile in Type 2 Diabetics with Depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There were 72 million adults with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in 2013 in the South East Asian region of which India is a part. This figure is expected to rise to more than 123 million by 2035. Some studies have also shown that there is an increased risk of depression in subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The present study is an attempt to decipher whether there is any difference in the metabolic and clinical profile between patients having T2DM with depression and without depression.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinical and biochemical profile of subjects with T2DM and depression and compare a non-depressed diabetic cohort on the same parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in rural Andhra Pradesh. Patients with T2DM who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and attending the outpatient clinic of the General Medicine department were the subjects of this study. The subjects with T2DM were categorized as depressed or non-depressed after administering the Patient Health Questionnare-9. Out of them 30 subjects with depression and 30 without depression were selected. Samples for blood were collected and analysed for glucose, urea, creatinine, lipid profile and glycated haemoglobin. Urine micro protein was estimated. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and chronic complications were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups were similar on most of the socio-demographic parameters, biochemical and many of the clinical parameters like age, waist circumference, glycated haemoglobin, lipid profile and insulin use. The Chi-square test for association between the categorical variables like use of insulin, gender predilection, exercise and complications with depression were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study did not show any significant difference between the two groups in terms of the biochemical and clinical profile.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Dr Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Foundation , Chinoutapalli, Krishna, A.P., India .
authors.forename: Udipi Badikillaya
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Vijayalakshmi
authors.affiliation: Undergraduate Medical Student, Dr Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Foundation , Chinoutapalli, Krishna, A.P., India .
authors.forename: Akhil Venkata
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Bodi
authors.affiliation: Consultant Endocrinologist, Santhi Endocrine and Diabetes Hospital , Vijayawada, India .
authors.forename: Jaidev
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sudagani
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Patient health questionnaire; Serum analytes