title: Influence of PM1and PM2.5on lung function parameters in healthy schoolchildren-a panel study.
abstract: To evaluate lung function responses to short-term indoor PM1and PM2.5concentrations, we conducted a panel study of healthy schoolchildren aged 13-14 years. The following lung function parameters FVC, FEV1, PEF, and mid expiratory flows MEF25, MEF50, and MEF75were measured in 141 schoolchildren of the secondary school in Wroclaw, Poland in years 2009-2010. On days when spirometry tests were conducted, simultaneously, PM1and PM2.5samples were collected inside the school premises. Information about differentiating factors for children including smoking parents, sex, living close to busy streets, dust, mold, and pollen allergies were collected by means of questionnaires. To account for repeated measurements, the method of generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used. The GEE models for the entire group of children revealed the adverse effects (p < 0.05) of PM1and PM2.5. Small differences in effects estimates per interquartile range (IQR) of PM1and PM2.5on MEF25(5.1 and 4.8 %), MEF50(3.7 and 3.9 %), MEF75(3.5 and 3.6 %) and FEV1(1.3 and 1.0 %) imply that PM1was likely the component of PM2.5that might have a principal health effect on these lung function parameters. However, the reduction of FVC and PEF per IQR for PM2.5(2.1 and 5.2 %, respectively) was higher than for PM1(1.0 and 4.4 %, respectively). Adjustment for potential confounders did not change the unadjusted analysis.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zwozdziak
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sówka
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Cardiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, ul. Chałubińskiego 2a, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Willak-Janc
authors.affiliation: Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zwozdziak
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kwiecińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Cardiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, ul. Chałubińskiego 2a, Wroclaw, Poland. wand1@wp.pl.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Balińska-Miśkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D011044:Poland
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Children; Indoor PM pollution; Lung function; Panel study; School