title: Primary Open Rhinoplasty.
abstract: Rhinoplasty is perhaps the most complex cosmetic surgery procedure performed today. It is characterized by an intricate interplay between form and function, with patient satisfaction being dependent not only on improvement of nasal appearance but also resolution of preexisting airway symptoms. The prerequisite for successful execution of this challenging procedure is a thorough understanding of nasal anatomy and physiology. Hence, a thorough preoperative evaluation is at least as important and the surgical skill in performing the operation. Establishing an accurate diagnosis through a comprehensive nasal analysis is obligatory. As to the surgical approach, much has been written about the advantages and disadvantages of closed vs open rhinoplasty. The more commonly chosen open approach has numerous advantages, including improved visualization without distortion, thus, enabling precise diagnosis and correction of deformities. While the surgical treatment of existing nasal deformities is tailored to the needs of the individual patient, the authors have noted a total of 10 essential components to form the foundation for successful technical execution of rhinoplasty. These include: (1) septoturbinotomy; (2) opening the nose; (3) humpectomy/spreader flaps; (4) tip-plasty; (5) supratip-plasty; (6) columellar strut; (7) dorsal augmentation; (8) nasal base reduction; (9) osteotomies; and (10) rim grafts. Postoperative, a variety of problems, such as edema, may be successfully addressed without surgical intervention. Diligent postoperative management is critical in ensuring a positive patient experience. Finally, a comprehensive understanding of possible postoperative complications, such as bleeding, ecchymosis, edema, and persistent or new iatrogenic deformity is mandatory prior to offering rhinoplasty to patients.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Momeni is an Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA. Dr Gruber is an Adjunct Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA; and an Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Momeni
authors.affiliation: Dr. Momeni is an Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA. Dr Gruber is an Adjunct Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA; and an Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Gruber
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery; D010027:Osteotomy; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps