title: Validation of a realistic, simple, and inexpensive EUS-FNA training model using isolated porcine stomach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Trainees are required to learn EUS-FNA using a model before working with a patient. The aim of the current study was to validate a new training model developed for EUS-FNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Several fresh chicken tenderloins were embedded as target lesions in the submucosal layer of an isolated porcine stomach. The stomach was fixed to a plate with nails, and was placed in a tub filled with water. The primary endpoint was feasibility of the newly developed model for EUS-FNA training, evaluated as follows: 1) visualization of the target lesion with blinding for lesion location; 2) penetrability of the needle; 3) sampling rate of macroscopic specimen; and 4) ROSE capability. Secondary endpoints were its durability and utility for multiple EUS-FNA procedures during EUS-FNA training, and the ease and cost of preparing the model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six endoscopists (1 expert, 5 trainees) attempted EUS-FNA procedures using this model. The target lesion could be identified clearly, and EUS-FNA could be performed with realistic resistance felt. In addition, rapid on-site evaluation could be easily achieved. Based on 10 needlings by each endoscopist, adequate specimens for histology could be macroscopically taken with an average 85 % success rate. Visibility and maneuverability were maintained throughout all needlings. Preparation time for this model was less than 30 minutes with a total cost of $ 22.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An easy-to-use and inexpensive training model with a realistic feel of needling was created. This model can potentially enable beginners to practice safe and effective EUS-FNA procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Irisawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Goro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shibukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Akane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imbe