title: [Lynch syndrome: case report and review of the literature].
abstract: Lynch syndrome or hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is the most common form of hereditary colorectal cancers. It increases cancer susceptibility, the risk of colorectal cancer in first-degree, endometrial cancer in women, and to a lesser extent, other cancers (ovarian, small bowel, stomach, urinary tract and hepatobiliary). Thus, the cumulative risk of developing colorectal cancer or endometrial cancer at the age of 80 years rises to 20 and 40% respectively. These cancers are characterized by a positive family history, their occurrence at an early age, and by the development of metachronous cancers in the same individual. This syndrome is transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner. The genes whose alteration is associated with the presence of an HNPCC belong to the family of DNA mismatch repair genes (DNA mismatch repair or MMR): MSH2, MLH1, and MSH6 are involved, in decreasing order of frequency, in 35%, 25% and 2% of cases respectively. Colonoscopic and gynecological monitoring is recommended for patients with a constitutional mutation in MSH2, MLH1 or Msh6 genes. We report one of the first moroccan case with Lynch syndrome whose constitutional mutation in the MLH1 gene was identified in a family member with colon cancer. In reply to the inquiry ofother healthy family members, a presymptomatic diagnosis was made allowing to formulate an appropriate monitoring strategy. Our study aims to highlight the role of oncogenetics in the management of patients with cancer and their families.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Génétique Médicale et d'Oncogénétique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Laila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bouguenouch
authors.affiliation: Unité de Génétique Médicale et d'Oncogénétique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Imane
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Samri
authors.affiliation: Unité de Génétique Médicale et d'Oncogénétique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Khadija
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Belhassan
authors.affiliation: Unité de Génétique Médicale et d'Oncogénétique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Hanane
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sayel
authors.affiliation: Unité de Génétique Médicale et d'Oncogénétique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Meriame
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abbassi
authors.affiliation: Unité de Génétique Médicale et d'Oncogénétique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc; Service d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bennis
authors.affiliation: Service de Gastro-entérologie, CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Dafr Allah
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Benajah
authors.affiliation: Service de Gastro-entérologie, CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibrahimi
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Afaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amarti
authors.affiliation: Unité de Génétique Médicale et d'Oncogénétique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ouldim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003123:Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D053843:DNA Mismatch Repair; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009018:Morocco; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: C501486:MLH1 protein, human; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1
keywords: HNPCC syndrom; Lynch syndrome; oncological