title: Pellino-1 derived cationic antimicrobial prawn peptide: Bactericidal activity, toxicity and mode of action.
abstract: The antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are multifunctional molecules which represent significant roles in the innate immune system. These molecules have been well known for decades because of their role as natural antibiotics in both invertebrates and vertebrates. The development of multiple drug resistance against conventional antibiotics brought a greater focus on AMPs in recent years. The cationic peptides, in particular, proven as host defense peptides and are considered as effectors of innate immunity. Among the various innate immune molecules, functions of pellino-1 (Peli-1) have been recently studied for its remarkable role in specific immune functions. In our study, we have identified Peli-1 from the cDNA library of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Mr) and analyzed its features using various in-silico methods. Real time PCR analysis showed an induced expression of MrPeli-1 during white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), bacteria (Vibrio harveyi) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli challenge. Also, a cationic AMP named MrDN was derived from MrPeli-1 protein sequence and its activity was confirmed against various pathogenic bacteria. The mode of action of MrDN was determined to be its membrane permeabilization ability against Bacillus cereus ATCC 2106 as well as its DNA binding ability. Further, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images showed the membrane disruption and leakage of cellular components of B. cereus cells induced by MrDN. The toxicity of MrDN against normal cells (HEK293 cells) was demonstrated by MTT and hemolysis assays. Overall, the results demonstrated the innate immune function of MrPeli-1 with a potential cationic AMP in prawn.
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; SRM Research Institute, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Gayathri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ravichandran
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumaresan
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mariadhas Valan
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Arasu
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naif Abdullah
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Al-Dhabi
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Munuswamy-Ramanujam
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ganesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India.
authors.forename: Arunkumar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dhayalan
authors.affiliation: Lab PCN 206, Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Mukesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasupuleti
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: jesuaraj@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jesu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arockiaraj
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000662:veterinary; D001483:Base Sequence; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000276:immunology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
keywords: Electrophoretic mobility; Membrane permeabilization; Pellino; Peptide; Prawn