title: Stereoselective toxicity of etoxazole to MCF-7 cells and its dissipation behavior in citrus and soil.
abstract: The stereoselective cytotoxicity of new chiral acaricide etoxazole and its dissipation in citrus and soil were investigated for the first time. Enantioselective toxicity and oxidative stress of etoxazole toward MCF-7 cells was conducted. The phenomenon of dose- and form-dependent cytotoxicity was demonstrated by MTT and LDH assays, ROS generation, and SOD and CAT activity alternation. Cytotoxicity ranks were found to be consistent with oxidative damage as (R)- > Rac- > (S)-etoxazole. Moreover, the results of enantioselective degradation showed that (S)-etoxazole degraded faster than its antipode (R)-etoxazole. The gradual raise of EF values indicated the achievement of enantioselective degradation in citrus and soil, leaving the enrichment of (R)-etoxazole isomer. Significant differences of environmental behavior and cytotoxicity of etoxazole enantiomers were found in this study which provided valuable insight into the mechanism of potential toxicity and warranted more careful assessment of this pesticide before its agricultural application.
authors.affiliation: Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China.|College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
authors.forename: Dali
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China.
authors.forename: Junxiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China. zhouzhiqin@swu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhiqin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China. jiaobining@cric.cn.
authors.forename: Bining
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiao
mesh_terms: D056810:Acaricides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D056810:Acaricides; D010080:Oxazoles; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C508136:etoxazole
keywords: Cytotoxicity; Enantioselective degradation; Etoxazole; Oxidative stress