title: Content Validity and Psychometric Characteristics of the "Knowledge about Older Patients Quiz" for Nurses Using Item Response Theory.
abstract: To assess the content validity and psychometric characteristics of the Knowledge about Older Patients Quiz (KOP-Q), which measures nurses' knowledge regarding older hospitalized adults and their certainty regarding this knowledge.
  
  
  
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  
  Content validity: general hospitals. Psychometric characteristics: nursing school and general hospitals in the Netherlands.
  
  
  
  Content validity: 12 nurse specialists in geriatrics. Psychometric characteristics: 107 first-year and 78 final-year bachelor of nursing students, 148 registered nurses, and 20 nurse specialists in geriatrics.
  
  
  
  Content validity: The nurse specialists rated each item of the initial KOP-Q (52 items) on relevance. Ratings were used to calculate Item-Content Validity Index and average Scale-Content Validity Index (S-CVI/ave) scores. Items with insufficient content validity were removed. Psychometric characteristics: Ratings of students, nurses, and nurse specialists were used to test for different item functioning (DIF) and unidimensionality before item characteristics (discrimination and difficulty) were examined using Item Response Theory. Finally, norm references were calculated and nomological validity was assessed.
  
  
  
  Content validity: Forty-three items remained after assessing content validity (S-CVI/ave = 0.90). Psychometric characteristics: Of the 43 items, two demonstrating ceiling effects and 11 distorting ability estimates (DIF) were subsequently excluded. Item characteristics were assessed for the remaining 30 items, all of which demonstrated good discrimination and difficulty parameters. Knowledge was positively correlated with certainty about this knowledge.
  
  
  
  The final 30-item KOP-Q is a valid, psychometrically sound, comprehensive instrument that can be used to assess the knowledge of nursing students, hospital nurses, and nurse specialists in geriatrics regarding older hospitalized adults. It can identify knowledge and certainty deficits for research purposes or serve as a tool in educational or quality improvement programs.
authors.affiliation: Research Group Care for the Chronically Ill, Faculty of Health Care, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dikken
authors.affiliation: Research Group Care for the Chronically Ill, Faculty of Health Care, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jita G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hoogerduijn
authors.affiliation: Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kruitwagen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Nursing Sciences and Sports, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marieke J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schuurmans
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005851:Geriatric Nursing; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: KOP-Q; certainty; item response theory; knowledge; nurses; older adults