title: Stem Cell Therapies for Intracerebral Hemorrhages.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An insult due to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is critical to patients. So, breakthroughs in ICH treatment are very important.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Advances in the stem cell treatment of stroke have been remarkable. And stem cell experimentation on ischemic stroke, however, preceded such work on ICH and did not emphasized ICH therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We review recent stem cell treatments for ICH, an experimental model of ICH, the medical care of ICH, and several stem cell therapies for ICH along with future prospects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stem cell therapy for ICH is effective in rodent or animal models. For humans, only a small number of clinical trials have been done, and significant functional recovery was recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We need to reveal the mechanism of stem cell therapy and develop a reliable, definitive treatment strategy for treatment of ICH. In the future, several types of stem cells will be available for the treatment of ICH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaihuchou, Hirosaki Aomori Pref. 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Norihito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaihuchou, Hirosaki Aomori Pref. 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mtsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaihuchou, Hirosaki Aomori Pref. 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ktayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaihuchou, Hirosaki Aomori Pref. 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyohide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kakuta
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaihuchou, Hirosaki Aomori Pref. 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katagai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaihuchou, Hirosaki Aomori Pref. 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naraoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaihuchou, Hirosaki Aomori Pref. 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohkuma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Functional recovery; intracerebral hemorrhage; migration; muse cell; proliferation; stem cell