title: Human leukocyte antigen class 1 genotype distribution and analysis in persons with active tuberculosis and household contacts from Central Uganda.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine the distribution of Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I genotypes in a Ugandan population of persons with tuberculosis (TB) and establish the relationship between class I HLA types and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were drawn from HIV negative individuals with active TB and HIV negative household controls. DNA was extracted from blood samples and HLA typed by the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer method. The allelic frequencies were determined by direct count.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HLA-A*02, B*15, C*07, C*03, B*58, C*04, A*01, A*74, C*02 and A*30 were the dominant genotypes in this Ugandan cohort. There were differences in the distribution of HLA types between the individuals with active TB and the household controls with only HLA-A*03 allele showing a statistically significant difference (p = 0.017 crude; OR = 6.29 and p = 0.016; OR = 11.67 after adjustment for age). However, after applying the Benjamini and Hochberg adjustment for multiple comparisons the difference was no longer statistically significant (p = 0.374 and p = 0.176 respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified a number of HLA class I alleles in a population from Central Uganda which will enable us to carry out a functional characterization of CD8+ T-cell mediated immune responses to MTB. Our results do not show a positive association between the HLA class I alleles and TB in this Ugandan population however the study sample was too small to draw any firm conclusions about the role of HLA class I alleles and TB development in Uganda.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda. hbuteme@gmail.com.|Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institute, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83, Stockholm, Sweden. hbuteme@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Helen K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Buteme
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Nobels vag 16, KI Solna Campus Karolinska Institute, Box 280, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Axelsson-Robertson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institute, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Moses L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Joloba
authors.affiliation: Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals' Case Medical Center, 10900 Euclid Avenue, BRB 1031, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4984, USA.
authors.forename: W Henry
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Boom
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institute, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gunilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kallenius
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Nobels vag 16, KI Solna Campus Karolinska Institute, Box 280, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeurer
keywords: Genotype; HLA; Tuberculosis; Uganda