title: Investigation of Microbubble Cavitation-Induced Calcein Release from Cells In Vitro.
abstract: In the present study, microbubble (MB) cavitation signal analysis was performed together with calcein release evaluation in both pressure and exposure duration domains of the acoustic field. A passive cavitation detection system was used to simultaneously measure MB scattering and attenuation signals for subsequent extraction efficiency relative to MB cavitation activity. The results indicate that the decrease in the efficiency of extraction of calcein molecules from Chinese hamster ovary cells, as well as cell viability, is associated with MB cavitation activity and can be accurately predicted using inertial cavitation doses up to 0.18 V × s (R2> 0.9, p < 0.0001). No decrease in additional calcein release or cell viability was observed after complete MB sonodestruction was achieved. This indicates that the optimal exposure duration within which maximal sono-extraction efficiency is obtained coincides with the time necessary to achieve complete MB destruction. These results illustrate the importance of MB inertial cavitation in the sono-extraction process. To our knowledge, this study is the first to (i) investigate small molecule extraction from cells via sonoporation and (ii) relate the extraction process to the quantitative characteristics of MB cavitation acoustic spectra.
authors.affiliation: Biophysical Research Group, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Martynas
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maciulevičius
authors.affiliation: Biophysical Research Group, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Mindaugas
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamošiūnas
authors.affiliation: Biophysical Research Group, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Baltramiejus
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jakštys
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Rytis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jurkonis
authors.affiliation: Biophysical Research Group, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Mindaugas Saulius
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Venslauskas
authors.affiliation: Biophysical Research Group, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: Saulius.Satkauskas@gmf.vdu.lt.
authors.forename: Saulius
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Šatkauskas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005260:Female; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D045423:Microbubbles; D023421:Models, Animal; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C007740:fluorexon
keywords: Attenuation; Calcein; Extraction; Inertial cavitation dose; Microbubble; Sonoporation