title: Overview of Total Knee Arthroplasty and Modern Pain Control Strategies.
abstract: Perioperative pain management of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains a challenge for physicians and anesthesiologists. Reducing postoperative pain is an essential component of patient satisfaction, functional outcomes, and hospital length of stay. Multimodal pain management regimens have been demonstrated to be superior to monotherapy in achieving adequate pain control, as well as an effective method of limiting side effects of analgesics. In the present investigation, we present literature published over the last year relating to new advancements in perioperative pain management for TKA. While it is widely accepted that methods including peripheral nerve blocks and local anesthetic injections are essential to pain protocols, there is still conflicting evidence over what modalities provide superior relief. The incorporation of cryoneurolysis preoperatively is a new modality which has been incorporated and has been shown to improve pain control in patients undergoing TKA.
authors.affiliation: LSUHSC School of Medicine, 433 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Lacey Giambelluca
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Lavie
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, LSUHSC School of Medicine, 1542 Tulane Avenue, Box T6-7, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
authors.forename: M Patricia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, LSUHSC School of Medicine, 1542 Tulane Avenue, Box T6-7, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. vdasa@lsuhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dasa
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee / Q000601:surgery*; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics
keywords: Adductor canal block; Cryoneurolysis; Femoral nerve block; Local infiltrative analgesia; Multimodal pain management; Pain management; Periarticular injection; Total knee arthroplasty