title: Self-Organized Stationary Patterns in Networks of Bistable Chemical Reactions.
abstract: Experiments with networks of discrete reactive bistable electrochemical elements organized in regular and nonregular tree networks are presented to confirm an alternative to the Turing mechanism for the formation of self-organized stationary patterns. The results show that the pattern formation can be described by the identification of domains that can be activated individually or in combinations. The method also enabled the localization of chemical reactions to network substructures and the identification of critical sites whose activation results in complete activation of the system. Although the experiments were performed with a specific nickel electrodissolution system, they reproduced all the salient dynamic behavior of a general network model with a single nonlinearity parameter. Thus, the considered pattern-formation mechanism is very robust, and similar behavior can be expected in other natural or engineered networked systems that exhibit, at least locally, a treelike structure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. nikos.kouvaris@upf.edu.
authors.forename: Nikos E
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1975-2443
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Kouvaris
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sebek
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mikhailov
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, USA.
authors.forename: István Z
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0993-3184
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Kiss
keywords: autocatalysis; bistability; complex networks; electrochemistry; pattern formation