title: Copolymer Brushes with Temperature-Triggered, Reversibly Switchable Bactericidal and Antifouling Properties for Biomaterial Surfaces.
abstract: The adherence of bacteria and the formation of biofilm on implants is a serious problem that often leads to implant failure. A series of antimicrobial coatings have been constructed to resist bacterial adherence or to kill bacteria through contact with or release of antibacterial agents. The accumulation of dead bacteria facilitates further bacterial contamination and biofilm development. Herein, we have designed and constructed a novel, reversibly switchable bactericidal and antifouling surface through surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to combine thermally responsive N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and bactericidal quaternary ammonium salts (2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA+)). Measurements of spectroscopic ellipsometry and water contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to examine the process of the surface functionalization. The temperature-responsive P(DMAEMA+-co-NIPAAm) copolymer coating can switch by phase transition between a hydrophobic capturing surface at high temperatures and a relatively hydrophilic antifouling surface at lower temperatures. The quaternary ammonium salts of PDMAEMA+displayed bactericidal efficiency against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The functionalized surface could efficiently prevent bovine serum albumin adsorption and had good biocompatibility against human lens epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027, China.|Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wenzhou 32500, China.
authors.forename: Bailiang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027, China.
authors.forename: Qingwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027, China.
authors.forename: Zi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wenzhou 32500, China.
authors.forename: Huihua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027, China.|Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wenzhou 32500, China.
authors.forename: Quankui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027, China.|Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wenzhou 32500, China.
authors.forename: Kaihui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wenzhou 32500, China.
authors.forename: Yunzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wenzhou 32500, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027, China.|Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wenzhou 32500, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D011108:Polymers; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers
keywords: PNIPAAm; antifouling; implant; quaternary ammonium salts; switchable antimicrobial