title: Cholesterol efflux capacity: An introduction for clinicians.
abstract: Epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse correlation between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and cardiovascular disease outcomes. However, the hypothesis of a causal relationship between HDL-C and cardiovascular disease has been challenged by genetic and clinical studies. Serum cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is an important measure of HDL function in humans. Recent large clinical studies have shown a correlation between in vitro CEC and cardiovascular disease prevalence and incidence, which appears to be independent of HDL-C concentration. The present review summarizes recent large clinical studies and introduces important methodological considerations. Further studies are required to standardize and establish the reproducibility of this measure of HDL function and clarify whether modulating CEC will emerge as a useful therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anastasius
authors.affiliation: ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Maaike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kockx
authors.affiliation: ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jessup
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Kerry-Anne
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rye
authors.affiliation: ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Electronic address: leonard.kritharides@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kritharides
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D002784:Cholesterol