title: Nerve growth factor regulates CD133 function to promote tumor cell migration and invasion via activating ERK1/2 signaling in pancreatic cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perineural invasion (PNI) is extremely high frequency among the various metastatic routes in pancreatic cancer. Nerve growth factor, secreted by astroglial cells, exerts effects on tumor invasion in some cancer cells, but its function on migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer is still unclear. In the present study, we determined the effects of NGF on modulating tumor cell metastatic potential and invasion activity and explored its mechanisms in pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  NGF and CD133 expression were detected in tumor tissues using immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting analysis. The effects of NGF on the regulation of CD133 expression and the promotion of cancer migration and invasion were investigated using wound healing and matrigel transwell assay. A related mechanism that NGF regulates CD133's function via activating ERK1/2 signaling also was observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NGF/CD133 is overexpressed in human pancreatic cancer and promotes the migration and invasion of human pancreatic cancer cells through the activation of the ERK/CD133 signaling cascade. NGF/ERK signaling modulates the cancer cell EMT process, migration and invasion through the regulation of CD133 expression and its subcellular localization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NGF/CD133 signaling initiated the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. NGF/CD133 might be an effective and potent therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer metastasis, particularly in PNI.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu West Road, Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu West Road, Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: Ti
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: zebal2014@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000235:genetics*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D013347:Subcellular Fractions; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; C502240:NGF protein, human; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor
keywords: CD133; Migration; NGF; Pancreatic cancer; Perineural invasion