title: Autoimmunity in common variable immunodeficiency: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management.
abstract: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) comprises a large heterogeneous group of patients with primary antibody deficiency. Areas covered: The affected patients are characterized by increased susceptibility to infections and low levels of serum immunoglobulin. However, enteropathy, granulomatous organ infiltrates, malignancy, inflammatory and autoimmune conditions are also prevalent. The concomitance of immunodeficiency and autoimmunity appears to be paradoxical and creates difficulties in the management of autoimmune complications affecting these patients. Expert commentary: The management of autoimmunity in patients with CVID requires special considerations because dysregulation and dysfunctions of the immune system along with persistent inflammation impair the process of diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Laboratory Medicine , Imam Hassan Mojtaba Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Karaj , Iran.|b Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence , Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.|c Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet) , Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Azizi
authors.affiliation: b Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence , Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.|d Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine , Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abolhassani
authors.affiliation: b Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence , Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.|e Iranian Student Society for Immunodeficiencies , Student's Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hosein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Asgardoon
authors.affiliation: b Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence , Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alinia
authors.affiliation: f Department of Immunology , School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yazdani
authors.affiliation: g Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: b Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence , Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.affiliation: h Seattle Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics , University of Washington , Seattle , WA , USA.
authors.forename: Hans D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Ochs
authors.affiliation: b Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence , Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.|c Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet) , Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Asghar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aghamohammadi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D015551:Autoimmunity; D017074:Common Variable Immunodeficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D019468:Disease Management; D005104:Expert Testimony; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Common variable immunodeficiency; autoantibody; autoimmunity; management; primary antibody deficiency