title: Meat, Fish, Poultry, and Egg Intake at Diagnosis and Risk of Prostate Cancer Progression.
abstract: Little information exists on diet and prostate cancer progression. We examined the association between intakes of total red meat, processed and unprocessed red meat, poultry, fish, and eggs and prostate cancer recurrence. We conducted a prospective study of 971 men treated with radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer between 2003 and 2010. Men completed a food frequency questionnaire at diagnosis. We used logistic regression to study the association between diet and high-grade or advanced-stage disease. We used Cox models to study the risk of progression [N = 94 events, mainly prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence]. Total red meat intake was marginally associated with risk of high-grade disease [Gleason ≥ 4+3; adjusted OR top vs. bottom quartile: 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.93-2.97; Ptrend= 0.05], as was very high intake of eggs (OR top decile vs. bottom quartile: 1.98; 95% CI, 1.08-3.63, Ptrend= 0.08). Well-done red meat was associated with advanced disease (≥pT3; OR top vs. bottom quartile: 1.74, 95% CI, 1.05-2.90; Ptrend= 0.01). Intakes of red meat, fish, and eggs were not associated with progression. Very high poultry intake was inversely associated with progression (HR top decile vs. bottom quartile: 0.19; 95% CI, 0.06-0.63; Ptrend= 0.02). Substituting 30 g/d of poultry or fish for total or unprocessed red meat was associated with significantly lower risk of recurrence. Lower intakes of red meat and well-done red meat and higher intakes of poultry and fish are associated with lower risk of high grade and advanced prostate cancer and reduced recurrence risk, independent of stage and grade. Cancer Prev Res; 9(12); 933-41. ©2016 AACR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. kwilson@hsph.harvard.edu.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Kathryn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Lorelei A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mucci
authors.affiliation: Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Bettina F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.|Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Meir J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stampfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.|Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giovannucci
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kibel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet; D018450:Disease Progression; D004435:Eating; D004531:Eggs; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011200:Poultry; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000069466:Red Meat; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires