title: Mastermind-like Transcriptional Coactivator 1 Overexpression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Human with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mastermind-like transcriptional coactivator 1(MAML1) is a transcriptional coregulator of activators in various signaling pathways. High MAML1 was associated with tumorigenesis, progression, and aggressiveness in various tumors. The role of MAML in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), however, has not been directly addressed. The present study was to determine its association with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of HCC patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  MAML1 expression at protein level in human HCC and normal liver tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry analysis, which was further validated by high-throughput sequencing data TCGA dataset at mRNA level. Then, the association of MAML1 expression with clinicopathological features of HCC patients was statistically analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemistry analysis found that MAML1 expression was significantly increased in HCC tissues compared with those in normal tissues (P=0.005). High MAML1 was dramatically associated with advanced clinical stage (P=0.019) and enhanced tumor invasion (P=0.019). The TCGA mRNA expression data showed that MAML1 was upregulated in HCC with young age (P=0.005). Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that HCC patients with high MAML1 levels had shorter survival (P=0.040). Furthermore, high MAML1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients (HR 1.841, 95% CI 1.045-3.243; P=0.035).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggests that MAML1 may play an important role in tumor progression of HCC. The increased expression of MAML1 may efficiently predict poor overall survival in HCC patients, and it may be a potential prognostic marker of this malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Mian
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhuo-Cai
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China xu9.student@126.com.
authors.forename: Rong-Hua
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China tianshengcao1626@163.com.
authors.forename: Tian-Sheng
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C430872:MAML1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: Clinicopathological feature; Mastermind-like transcriptional coactivator 1; Overall survival; liver cancer