title: Role of Metabolism in the Immunobiology of Regulatory T Cells.
abstract: Intracellular metabolism is central to cell activity and function. CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) that express the transcription factor FOXP3 play a pivotal role in the maintenance of immune tolerance to self. Recent studies showed that the metabolism and function of Tregs are influenced significantly by local environmental conditions and the availability of certain metabolites. It also was reported that defined metabolic programs associate with Treg differentiation, expression of FOXP3, and phenotype stabilization. This article reviews how metabolism modulates FOXP3 expression and Treg function, what environmental factors are involved, and how metabolic manipulation could alter Treg frequency and function in physiopathologic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy;
authors.forename: Mario
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8414-1676
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galgani
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy; Unità di NeuroImmunologia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy;
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9477-0991
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095; and alacava@mednet.ucla.edu giuseppe.matarese@unina.it.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: La Cava
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy alacava@mednet.ucla.edu giuseppe.matarese@unina.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9429-0616
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matarese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors