title: Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Candida Species Recovered from Endotracheal Tube in an Intensive Care Unit.
abstract: Aims. Biofilms formed by Candida species which associated with drastically enhanced resistance against most antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to identify and determine the antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida species isolated from endotracheal tubes from ICU patients. Methods. One hundred forty ICU patients with tracheal tubes who were intubated and mechanically ventilated were surveyed for endotracheal tube biofilms. Samples were processed for quantitative microbial culture. Yeast isolates were identified to the species level based on morphological characteristics and their identity was confirmed by PCR-RFLP. Antifungal susceptibility testing was determined according to CLSI document (M27-A3). Results. Ninety-five strains of Candida were obtained from endotracheal tubes of which C. albicans (n = 34; 35.7%) was the most frequently isolated species followed by other species which included C. glabrata (n = 24; 25.2%), C. parapsilosis (n = 16; 16.8%), C. tropicalis (n = 12; 12.6%), and C. krusei (n = 9; 9.4%). The resulting MIC90 for all Candida species were in increasing order as follows: caspofungin (0.5 μg/mL); amphotericin B (2 μg/mL); voriconazole (8.8 μg/mL); itraconazole (16 μg/mL); and fluconazole (64 μg/mL). Conclusion. Candida species recovered from endotracheal tube are the most susceptible to caspofungin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baghdadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6446, Sanandaj, Iran; Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sadegh
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8039-4991
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khodavaisy
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sassan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rezaie
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abolghasem
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kiasat
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Salehi
authors.affiliation: Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharifynia
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6446, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0338-5914
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aala