title: Intestinal and Hepatocellular Transporters: Therapeutic Effects and Drug Interactions of Herbal Supplements.
abstract: Herbal supplements are generally considered safe; however, drug disposition is influenced by the interactions of herbal supplements and food constituents with transport and metabolic processes. Although the interference of herbal supplements with drug metabolism has been studied extensively, knowledge of how they interact with the drug transport processes is less advanced. Therefore, we describe here specific examples of experimental and human interaction studies of herbal supplement components with drug transporters addressing, for example, organic anion transporting polypeptides or P-glycoprotein, as such interactions may lead to severe side effects and altered drug efficacy. Hence, it is clearly necessary to increase the awareness of the clinical relevance of the interference of herbal supplements with the drug transport processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; email: bruno.stieger@uzh.ch.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stieger
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; email: bruno.stieger@uzh.ch.
authors.forename: Zainab M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; email: walter.jaeger@univie.ac.at.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jäger
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B / Q000378:metabolism*; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004347:Drug Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D028321:Plant Preparations
keywords: P-glycoprotein (MDR1); drug interaction; herbal supplements; multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP); organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP); pharmacokinetics; transporters