title: A meta-analysis of human-system interfaces in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm management.
abstract: A meta-analysis was conducted to systematically evaluate the current state of research on human-system interfaces for users controlling semi-autonomous swarms composed of groups of drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAV swarms pose several human factors challenges, such as high cognitive demands, non-intuitive behavior, and serious consequences for errors. This article presents findings from a meta-analysis of 27 UAV swarm management papers focused on the human-system interface and human factors concerns, providing an overview of the advantages, challenges, and limitations of current UAV management interfaces, as well as information on how these interfaces are currently evaluated. In general allowing user and mission-specific customization to user interfaces and raising the swarm's level of autonomy to reduce operator cognitive workload are beneficial and improve situation awareness (SA). It is clear more research is needed in this rapidly evolving field.
authors.affiliation: Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. Electronic address: amhocraf@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hocraffer
authors.affiliation: Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. Electronic address: csnam@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Chang S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Nam
mesh_terms: D000401:Aircraft; D003071:Cognition; D006804:Ergonomics; D006801:Humans; D008328:Man-Machine Systems; D012371:Robotics; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Human factors; Human-robot interaction; Human-swarm interaction; Human-system interface; Multi-robot systems; Swarm; Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)