title: Anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles from Panax ginseng fresh leaves in human cancer cells.
abstract: The pharmaceutical role of silver nanoparticles has been increased over the last decades, especially those synthesized through herbal medicinal plants, due to their variety of pharmacological importance. Panax ginseng Meyer (P. ginseng) has been widely used as a therapeutic herbal medicine for a long time in cancer treatment. In this study, the cytotoxic and oxidative effect of a novel silver nanoparticles synthesized from P. ginseng fresh leaves (P.g AgNPs) were evaluated in different human cancer cell lines. In addition, the effect of P.g AgNPs on cell migration, apoptosis and the determination of the mechanism involve was determinate by the use of A549 lung cancer cell line. It was found that P.g AgNPs treatment inhibited cell viability and induced oxidative stress in A549, MCF7 and HepG2 cancer cell lines. Likewise, P.g AgNPs treatment inhibited the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-enhanced migration, as well as decreased the mRNA levels and phosphorylation of EGF receptors in A549 cells. Moreover, P.g AgNPs modified the morphology of the cell nucleus and increase apoptosis percentage; this effect was linked to the stimulation of p38 MAPK/p53 pathway. Taken together, our results showed that P.g AgNPs exhibited anti-cancer activity in A549 and the regulation of EGFR/p38 MAPK/p53 pathway might be the possible mechanism of its anti-activity. Further experiments are suggested to determinate the mechanism by which P.g AgNPs induce cytotoxicity and ROS generation in MCF-7 and HepG2 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ca.veronica@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castro-Aceituno
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: se8688@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sungeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: simu.sha2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shakina Yesmin
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Simu
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: prnksingh254@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ramyabinfo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ramya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mathiyalagan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: Khuhanbang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hyun A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: dcyang@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Deok Chun
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005894:Panax; D018515:Plant Leaves; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D012834:Silver
keywords: Apoptosis; Cell migration; Panax ginseng; Silver nanoparticles; p38 MAPK