title: Investigation of SP94 Peptide as a Specific Probe for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Imaging and Therapy.
abstract: SP94 (SFSIIHTPILPL), a novel peptide, has shown specific binding to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We aimed to investigate the capability of SP94 as a targeting probe for HCC imaging and therapy following labeling with technetium-99m ((99m)Tc) and rhenium-188 ((188)Re). HYNIC-SP94 was prepared by solid phase synthesis and then labeled with (99m)Tc. Cell competitive binding, internalization assay, in vitro and in vivo stability, biodistribution and micro-single photon emission computed tomography /computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging studies were performed to investigate the capability of (99m)Tc tricine-EDDA/HYNIC-SP94 as a specific HCC imaging probe. Initial promising targeting results inspired evaluation of its therapeutic effect when labeled by (188)Re. HYNIC-SP94 was then labeled again with (188)Re to perform cell apoptosis, microSPECT/CT imaging evaluation and immunohistochemistry. Huh-7 cells exhibited typical apoptotic changes after (188)Re irradiation. According to (99m)Tc tricine-EDDA/HYNIC-SP94 microSPECT/CT imaging, tumor uptake was significantly decreased compared with that of pre-treatment with (188)Re-HYNIC-SP94. The immunohistochemistry also displayed obvious necrosis and apoptosis as well as inhibition of proliferation in the (188)Re-HYNIC-SP94 treatment group. The results supported that (99m)Tc tricine-EDDA/HYNIC-SP94 is able to target HCC cells and (188)Re-HYNIC- SP94 holds potential as a therapeutic agent for HCC, making (99m)Tc/(188)Re-HYNIC-SP94 a promising targeting probe for HCC imaging and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Jining NO.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, China.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Guobing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yanzhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Hongcheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China.|Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Dengfeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004705:Endocytosis; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013667:Technetium; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D013667:Technetium