title: Estrogen regulation of gene expression in the teleost fish immune system.
abstract: Elucidating the mechanisms of estrogens-induced immunomodulation in teleost fish is of great importance due to the observed worldwide continuing decrease in pristine environments. However, little is know about the immunotoxicological consequences of exposure to these chemicals in fish, or of the mechanisms through which these effects are mediated. In this review, we summarize the results showing estrogens (natural or synthetic) acting through estrogen receptors and regulating specific target genes, also through microRNAs (miRNAs), leading to modulation of the immune functioning. The identification and characterization of miRNAs will provide new opportunities for functional genome research on teleost immune system and can also be useful when screening for novel molecule biomarkers for environmental pollution.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas de Noroeste, S.C., Mar Bermejo 195, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz BCS, 23090, México.
authors.forename: Mario Alberto
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Burgos-Aceves
authors.affiliation: Genomic Data Analysis Unit, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Genomic Data Analysis Unit, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy. Electronic address: cfaggio@unime.it.
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Faggio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005399:Fishes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007107:Immune System / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens
keywords: Estrogen receptors; Immune system; Sex hormones; Teleosts; microRNAs