title: The association of posttraumatic stress disorder, complex posttraumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder from a network analytical perspective.
abstract: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Complex PTSD, and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) share etiological risk factors and an overlapping set of associated symptoms. Since the ICD-11 proposal for trauma-related disorders, the relationship of these disorders has to be clarified. A novel approach to psychopathology, network analysis, allows for a detailed analysis of comorbidity on symptom level.
  
  
  
  Symptoms were assessed in adult survivors of childhood abuse (N=219) using the newly developed ICD-11 Trauma-Questionnaire and the SCID-II. The psychopathological network was analyzed using the network approach.
  
  
  
  PTSD and Complex PTSD symptoms were strongly connected within disorders and to a lesser degree between disorders. Symptoms of BPD were weakly connected to others. Re-experiencing and dissociation were the most central symptoms.
  
  
  
  Mental disorders are no discrete entities, clear boundaries are unlikely to be found. The psychopathological network revealed central symptoms that might be important targets for specific first interventions.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: Matthias.knefel@univie.ac.at.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knefel
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Ulrich S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lueger-Schuster
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054523:Adult Survivors of Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D004213:Dissociative Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D063189:Symptom Assessment
keywords: Borderline personality disorder; Complex posttraumatic stress disorder; Network approach; Nosology; PTSD