title: Reinforcing Effect of Glass Fiber-incorporated ProRoot MTA and Biodentine as Intraorifice Barriers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the fracture resistance of roots by using intraorifice barriers with glass fiber-incorporated ProRoot MTA and Biodentine.
  
  
  METHODS
  The diametral tensile strength and compressive strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine were determined after incorporation of 5 wt% and 10 wt% alkali resistant (AR) glass fiber powder into both cements. On the basis of higher diametral tensile strength and compressive strength values, ProRoot MTA and Biodentine with 5 wt% AR glass fiber were selected for further testing as intraorifice barriers. The 14-mm-long root specimens obtained from extracted mandibular premolars (n = 60) were prepared with nickel-titanium rotary files and obturated with gutta-percha + AH Plus sealer. After removal of coronal 3 mm of root fillings, the roots were grouped with respect to the intraorifice barrier material (n = 12/group): (1) ProRoot MTA, (2) ProRoot MTA with 5 wt% AR glass fibers, (3) Biodentine, (4) Biodentine with 5 wt% AR glass fibers, and (5) control (no intraorifice barrier). The specimens were loaded vertically at 1 mm/min crosshead speed until vertical root fracture occurred. The data were evaluated statistically by using 2-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both incorporation of glass fiber and the type of material significantly affected fracture resistance (both P = .002). Roots with glass fiber-reinforced Biodentine barriers showed the highest fracture strength (P = .000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incorporation of 5 wt% AR glass fiber can significantly improve the reinforcement effect of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine when used as intraorifice barriers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: enagas@hacetttepe.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nagas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zafer C
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Cehreli
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Uyanik
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; City of Turku Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Pekka K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Vallittu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Lippo V J
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Lassila
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014082:Tooth Fractures / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000293:injuries*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C009753:fiberglass; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C040654:titanium nickelide; C506393:tricalcium silicate; D009532:Nickel; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Calcium silicate-based cements; fracture resistance; glass fiber; intraorifice barrier