title: Studies on clinical signs and biochemical alteration in pregnancy toxemic goats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was planned to reveal the clinical signs and biochemical alterations in pregnancy toxemic goats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were collected from 20 healthy pregnant and 45 pregnancy toxemic goats and analyzed biochemically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most significant clinical findings were observed in naturally affected goats with pregnancy toxemia included anorexia, recumbency, lethargy, opisthotonos, dropped head, periodic convulsion, sweetish fruity odor from breath, apparent blindness, bloat, grinding of teeth, and frothy salivation. In this study, the level of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (84.23±1.44 IU/L), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (216.01±4.07 IU/L), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (22.24±0.31 mg/dl), creatinine (2.13±0.09 mg/dl), β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) (0.46±0.83 mmol/L), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) (1.67±0.71 mmol/L) was significantly higher whereas glucose (30.89±0.38 mg/dl) and calcium (8.10±0.20 mg/dl) levels were significantly decreased in pregnancy toxemic goats as compared to healthy goats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The goats with pregnancy toxemia exhibited clinical signs include anorexia, recumbency, sweetish fruity odor from breath, apparent blindness, bloat, grinding of teeth, and frothy salivation. Biochemically, there were significantly decreased the level of glucose and calcium, and increased level of SGPT, SGOT, BUN, creatinine, BHBA, and NEFA in the pregnancy toxemic goats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand - 388 001, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Prasannkumar R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Vasava
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand - 388 001, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Jani
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand - 388 001, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Goswami
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand - 388 001, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Rathwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand - 388 001, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Tandel
keywords: alteration; biochemistry; clinical signs; goat; pregnancy toxemia