title: External beam radiotherapy in thyroid carcinoma: clinical review and recommendations of the AIRO "Radioterapia Metabolica" Group.
abstract: The therapeutic approach to thyroid carcinoma usually involves surgery as initial treatment. The use of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is limited to high-risk patients and depends on clinical stage and histologic type. Different behavior patterns and degrees of aggressiveness of thyroid carcinomas require different management for differentiated, medullary, and anaplastic carcinoma. However, the role of EBRT is an issue of debate. Most clinical studies are retrospective and based on single-institution experiences. In this article, we review the main literature and give recommendations for the use of EBRT in thyroid carcinoma on behalf of the "Radioterapia Metabolica" Group of the Italian Radiation Oncology Association.
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence - Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mangoni
authors.affiliation:  Radiation Oncology Department, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (Pordenone) - Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gobitti
authors.affiliation:  Radiation Oncology Department, Gemelli-ART, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome - Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Autorino
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Ospedale di Circolo, Varese - Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cerizza
authors.affiliation:  Radiation Oncology Department, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (Pordenone) - Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Furlan
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona - Italy.
authors.forename: Renzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazzarotto
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Policlinico Ospedaliero Universitario "S. Orsola," Bologna - Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Monari
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence - Italy.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Simontacchi
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Padova - Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vianello
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Padova - Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basso
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Policlinico Ospedaliero Universitario "S. Orsola," Bologna - Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zanirato Rambaldi
authors.affiliation:  Radiotherapy Unit, Ospedale S. Croce e Carle, Cuneo - Italy.| President of the Associazione Italiana di Radioterapia Oncologica Association.
authors.forename: Elvio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Russi
authors.affiliation:  Radiation Oncology Department, Gemelli-ART, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome - Italy.| Coordinator of the Associazione Italiana di Radioterapia Oncologica "Radioterapia Metabolica" Group.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tagliaferri
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000532:radiotherapy; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000532:radiotherapy; D006801:Humans; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*