title: Characteristics of Genome Editing Mutations in Cereal Crops.
abstract: Designer nucleases allow the creation of new plant genotypes by introducing precisely-targeted double-strand breaks that are resolved by endogenous repair pathways. The major nuclease technologies are meganucleases, zinc-finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Each comprises a promiscuous endonuclease guided by protein-DNA or RNA-DNA interactions. A great deal is known about the principles of designer nucleases but much remains to be learned about their detailed behavioral characteristics in different plant species. The outcome of genome engineering reflects the intrinsic properties of each nuclease and target genome, causing variations in efficiency, accuracy, and mutation structure. In this article, we critically discuss the activities of designer nucleases in different cereals representing a broad range of genome characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Changfu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bortesi
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baysal
authors.affiliation: TRM Ltd, PO Box 463, York YO11 9FJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Twyman
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Capell
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schillberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain; ICREA, Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: christou@pvcf.udl.cat.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Christou
mesh_terms: D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000235:genetics*; D000072669:Gene Editing / Q000379:methods; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs); designer nuclease; meganuclease; plant genome editing; targeted mutation; transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs); zinc-finger endonucleases (ZFNs)