title: Anthocyanidins inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition through a TGFβ/Smad2 signaling pathway in glioblastoma cells.
abstract: Epidemiological studies have convincingly demonstrated that diets rich in fruits and vegetables play an important role in preventing cancer due to their polyphenol content. Among polyphenols, the anthocyanidins are known to possess anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, anti-angiogenic, and anti-carcinogenic properties. Despite the well-known role of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in high grade gliomas, the impact of anthocyanidins on TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that allows benign tumor cells to infiltrate surrounding tissues, remains poorly understood. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of anthocyanidins such as cyanidin (Cy), delphinidin (Dp), malvidin (Mv), pelargonidin (Pg), and petunidin (Pt) on TGF-β-induced EMT and to determine the mechanism(s) underlying such action. Human U-87 glioblastoma (U-87 MG) cells were treated with anthocyanidins prior to, along with or following the addition of TGF-β. We found that anthocyanidins differently affected TGF-β-induced EMT, depending on the treatment conditions. Dp was the most potent EMT inhibitor through its inhibitory effect on the TGF-β Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways. These effects altered expression of the EMT mesenchymal markers fibronectin and Snail, as well as markedly reducing U-87 MG cell migration. Our study highlights a new action of anthocyanidins against EMT that supports their beneficial health and chemopreventive effects in dietary-based strategies against cancer. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche BioMed, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Amira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ouanouki
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche BioMed, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lamy
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche BioMed, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Borhane
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Annabi
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051899:Smad2 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; C497782:SMAD2 protein, human; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
keywords: EMT; Smad2; TGF-β; anthocyanidins; chemoprevention; glioblastoma