title: Clinical and Economic Evaluation of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Colonization in the Intensive Care Unit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The clinical and economic impact of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii colonization remains unclear. This study aimed to estimate and compare the mortality rates, length of stay (LOS), and hospitalization costs in the intensive care unit (ICU) for MDR A. baumannii colonized patients and a matched population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective propensity score matched cohort study comparing the outcomes of patients with MDR A. baumannii colonization with those of uncolonized subjects matched at the time they were admitted to the ICU between January 2012 and December 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 375 (7.5%) of the 4,779 patients were colonized with MDR A. baumannii. One hundred and twenty-two MDR A. baumannii colonized patients were compared with 122 uncolonized patients using propensity score matching. MDR A. baumannii colonized patients were likely to have a higher mortality rate compared to uncolonized patients (49.2% vs 32.0%; odds ratio [OR], 3.64). A longer ICU LOS and total admission days were observed in the MDR A. baumannii colonized patient group (4.14 and 4.67 days increase, OR 1.41 and 1.19). MDR A. baumannii colonization patients had an average extra ICU and total admission cost of $1,179 (₩1,261,334) and $1,333 (₩1,422,032) according to a multivariable regression model (OR, 1.27 and 1.17). Multivariable analysis identified the factors affecting ICU cost, which included, MDR A. baumannii colonization (OR = 1.33; P = 0.001), ICU LOS (OR = 1.97; P <0.001), valvular heart disease (OR = 1.12; P = 0.005), invasive devices (OR = 1.15; P = 0.018), and surgery (OR = 1.1; P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MDR A. baumannii colonization was associated with increased mortality, LOS, and costs in the ICU. A strict infection control program including preemptive isolation for high-risk groups would be helpful for reducing the burden of this infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hojin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2750-6285
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea. hleeid@dau.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyuck
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-0748
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; Infection control; Intensive care units