title: Albiflorin Granule significantly decreased the cholesterol gallstone formation by the regulation of insulin transduction signal.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the mechanism of insulin resistance in the cholesterol gallstone formation from insulin signal transduction pathway so as to reveal the possible mechanism and the effective role of Albiflorin Granule on preventing the cholesterol gallstones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum triglycerides (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), and total cholesterol (TC) from different groups were measured and liver cells InsR, PKB, IKK-β protein expression levels were detected by western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Albiflorin significantly decreased the cholesterol gallstone formation rate, increased glucose infusion rate in gallstone guinea pigs and improved insulin resistance. Compared with the normal group, insulin receptor and PKB protein expression in GS group were significantly reduced. IKK-β protein in the GS group increased significantly and Albiflorin could reduce IKK-β protein expression in guinea pig liver cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The model of insulin resistance in cholesterol gallstone guinea pig was successfully established, which plays an important role in the cholesterol gallstone formation. All aspects of insulin signaling pathway are involved in gallstone formation. Albiflorin can regulate various aspects of insulin signal transduction pathway to prevent the formation of gallbladder.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Long Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Bang-Jiang
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Long Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Traumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: zhoushuang8008@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Traumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Chuan-Zhu
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Xie
keywords: Albiflorin; Cholesterol gallstone; Insulin resistance; Insulin signal transduction