title: Inhibition of soluble guanylyl cyclase by small molecules targeting the catalytic domain.
abstract: Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) plays a crucial role in cyclic nucleotide signaling that regulates numerous important physiological processes. To identify new sGC inhibitors that may prevent the formation of the active catalytic domain conformation, we carried out an in silico docking screen targeting a 'backside pocket' of the inactive sGC catalytic domain structure. Compounds 1 and 2 were discovered to inhibit sGC even at high/saturating nitric oxide concentrations. Both compounds also inhibit the BAY 58-2667-activated sGC as well as BAY 41-2272-stimulated sGC activity. Additional biochemical analyses showed that compound 2 also inhibits the isolated catalytic domain, thus demonstrating functional binding to this domain. Both compounds have micromolar affinity for sGC and are potential leads to develop more potent sGC inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Jagamya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vijayaraghavan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Kristopher
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kramp
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. focco.vandenakker@case.edu.
authors.forename: Focco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van den Akker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020134:Catalytic Domain / Q000187:drug effects; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C423582:3-(4-Amino-5-cyclopropylpyrimidine-2-yl)-1-(2-fluorobenzyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-b)pyridine; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase
keywords: enzyme inhibition; soluble guanylyl cyclase