title: HSCCC Separation of the Two Iridoid Glycosides and Three Phenolic Compounds from Veronica ciliata and Their in Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Hepatocarcinoma Activities.
abstract: Five main compounds, including two iridoid glycosides (catalposide, verproside) and three phenolic compounds (luteolin, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid), were separated and prepared from the crude extract of Veronica ciliata by high-speed countercurrent chromatography. n-Hexane/n-butanol/water (1.5:5:5, v/v/v) was used for the separation of catalposide and verproside. n-Hexane/n-butanol/water (3:2:5, v/v/v) was used for the separation of luteolin, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid. The head-to-tail elution mode was used with a flow rate of 5.0 mL/min and a rotary speed of 800 rpm. Finally, a total of 1.28 mg luteolin, 6 mg 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, 2 mg 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid, 2 mg verproside and 10 mg catalposide with purities of 98%, 99.1%, 99.5%, 99.8% and 99%, respectively, were obtained from 200 mg of crude extract. In addition, their structure was identified using MS, ¹H-NMR and (13)C-NMR. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the separation and purification of iridoid glycosides and phenolic compounds from V. ciliata by high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC). Among these compounds, luteolin, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid were separated from V. ciliata Fisch. for the first time. The results of the antioxidant activity show that protocatechuic acid and luteolin have strong antioxidant activity compared to 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) and vitamin C (Vc). Five compounds also exhibited strong anti-hepatocarcinoma activities.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. yinlin0827@163.com.|National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. yinlin0827@163.com.
authors.forename: Qiuxia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. 18202863885@163.com.|National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. 18202863885@163.com.
authors.forename: Yiran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. shuyueyue888@163.com.|National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. shuyueyue888@163.com.
authors.forename: Yueyue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. m15828106432@163.com.|National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. m15828106432@163.com.
authors.forename: Shancai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. yinli0130@gmail.com.|National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. yinli0130@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. guoyr123456789@163.com.|National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. guoyr123456789@163.com.
authors.forename: Yiran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. tanglin@scu.edu.cn.|National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China. tanglin@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D019817:Benzoic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D032264:Veronica / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019817:Benzoic Acid
keywords: Veronica ciliata; anti-hepatocarcinoma; antioxidant; high-speed countercurrent chromatography; iridoid glycosides; phenolic compounds; separation