title: Prognostic Differences in Subgroups of Patients With Surgically Resected T3 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study determined the characteristics and prognosis of each descriptor of T3 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3,241 patients underwent an operation for NSCLC between 2001 and 2013, and this study included 461 patients who received complete anatomic resection of T3 NSCLC. The T3 descriptors were coded as follows: tumor invading main bronchus within 2 cm of the carina (T3-cent), tumor invading beyond visceral pleura (T3-inv), tumor larger than 7 cm (T3-size), separate tumor nodules (T3-sep), or tumor with combined T3 descriptors (T3-comb).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The T3 distribution was as follows: T3-cent, 75 patients (16.3%); T3-inv, 157 patients (34.1%); T3-size, 132 patients (28.6%); T3-sep, 34 patients (7.4%); and T3-comb, 63 patients (13.7%). Subgroup analyses revealed a significant survival benefit in the T3-cent group compared with the other groups (all p < 0.05). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) values were 55.4%, 36.7%, 40.9%, 30.3%, and 32.0% in the T3-cent, T3-inv, T3-size, T3-sep, and T3-comb subgroups, respectively. Multivariable analyses revealed that age (p = 0.019), N status (p = 0.001), adjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.001), and T3 descriptors (T3-cent versus others, p < 0.001) were the most important independent prognostic factors for DFS. Additional analyses were performed to evaluate prognostic factors for DFS in the T3-cent group. Multivariable analysis revealed that bronchoplastic procedures (p = 0.004) was an independent prognostic factor for DFS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival for centrally located T3 NSCLC is better than other types of T3 NSCLC. Lung-preserving operations such as bronchoplastic procedures might result in improved survival of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea. Electronic address: vsd10@ncc.re.kr.
authors.forename: Moon Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Duk Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hwangbo
authors.affiliation: Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyae Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Mog
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea.
authors.forename: Geon-Kook
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends