title: Clinical and Emotional Factors Related to Erectile Dysfunction in HIV-Infected Men.
abstract: The prevalence and associated factors of erectile dysfunction (ED) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected men remain controversial. The authors evaluated ED, clinical, and emotional variables in a group of 501 HIV-infected men in a cross-sectional 4-month observational study. ED was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 and emotional status using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) questionnaire. Median age (interquartile range) was 42 (35, 48) years. Time since HIV diagnosis was 6.3 (2.6, 17.1) years, 92% were taking antiretroviral treatment and 81.8% had an HIV-RNA viral load <50 copies. The prevalence of ED was 58.5%. ED was mild in 30.1%, mild to moderate in 19.5%, moderate in 6.1%, and severe in 2.5%. ED medications were used by 19% of men. In the univariate analysis, the variables associated with all degrees of ED were older age, longer time since HIV diagnosis, higher scores in HAD, not taking efavirenz, taking etravirine, taking ritonavir, HIV/Hepatitis C Virus coinfection, and taking a protease inhibitor-containing regimen. For mild to moderate, moderate, and severe ED, the same variables were significant, as were lower nadir CD4 cell count, lower social support, taking atazanavir, concomitant conditions, and concomitant treatments. The variables that remained significant in the multivariate analyses, considering all degrees of ED or excluding mild ED were the following: older age and higher scores in HAD total. In summary, ED affected more than half of this cohort of well controlled HIV-infected men. Age and emotional status seemed to play a fundamental role in its presence.
authors.affiliation: 1 HIV Unit- Lluita contra la Sida Foundation- Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmina R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Fumaz
authors.affiliation: 2 Lluita contra la Sida Foundation- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Aintzane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayestaran
authors.affiliation: 2 Lluita contra la Sida Foundation- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Perez-Alvarez
authors.affiliation: 1 HIV Unit- Lluita contra la Sida Foundation- Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Moreno
authors.affiliation: 1 HIV Unit- Lluita contra la Sida Foundation- Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.affiliation: 1 HIV Unit- Lluita contra la Sida Foundation- Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Negredo
authors.affiliation: 1 HIV Unit- Lluita contra la Sida Foundation- Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Bonaventura
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clotet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004644:Emotions; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000523:psychology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013030:Spain
keywords: HIV infection; mood disorders; quality of life; sexual dysfunction