title: Obese dogs with and without obesity-related metabolic dysfunction - a proteomic approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Approximately 20 % of obese dogs have metabolic disturbances similar to those observed in human metabolic syndrome, a condition known as obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. This condition is associated with insulin resistance and decreased circulating adiponectin concentrations, but clinical consequences have not been reported. In order to define better the metabolic changes associated with obesity-related metabolic dysfunction (ORMD), we compared the plasma proteomes of obese dogs with and without ORMD. A proteomic analysis was conducted on plasma samples from 8 obese male dogs, 4 with ORMD and 4 without ORMD. The samples were first treated for the depletion of high-abundance proteins and subsequently analysed by using 2-DE DIGE methodology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using mass spectrometry, 12 proteins were identified: albumin, apoliprotein A-I, C2, C3, C5, C4BPA, A2M, Uncharacterised protein (Fragment) OS = Canis familiaris, fibrinogen, IGJ, ITIH2, and glutathione peroxidase. In obese dogs with ORMD, the relative amounts of ten proteins (albumin, apoliprotein A-I, C2, C3, C5, C4BPA, A2M, Uncharacterised protein (Fragment) OS = Canis familiaris, fibrinogen, and ITIH2) were increased and two proteins (IGJ and glutathione peroxidase) were decreased, compared with obese dogs without ORMD. Specific assays were then used to confirm differences in serum albumin, apoliprotein A-I and glutathione peroxidase in a separate group of 20 overweight dogs, 8 with ORMD and 12 without ORMD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study provides evidence that, in obese dogs with ORMD, there are changes in expression of proteins involved in lipid metabolism, immune response, and antioxidant status. The clinical significance of these changes remains to be defined.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Medicina i Cirugia Animals, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain. asta@um.es.|Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Iterlab-UMU, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. asta@um.es.
authors.forename: Asta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tvarijonaviciute
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Iterlab-UMU, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ceron
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Proteómica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Torre
authors.affiliation: Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Blanka B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Ljubić
authors.affiliation: Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
authors.forename: Shelley L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.affiliation: Royal Canin Research Center, B.P.4-650 Avenue de la Petite Camargue, 30470, Aimargues, France.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Queau
authors.affiliation: The WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, LE14 4RT, UK.
authors.forename: Penelope J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: Departament de Medicina i Cirugia Animals, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pastor
authors.affiliation: Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: German
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins
keywords: Antioxidants; Complement system; Dog; Immune response; Lipid metabolism; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity