title: Effects of training and detraining on adiponectin plasma concentration and muscle sensitivity in lean and overweight men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To delineate the direct effect of physical activity on adiponectin metabolism, we investigated the impact of contrasted physical activity changes, independent of body mass changes, on adiponectin plasma concentration and muscle sensitivity in lean and overweight adult males.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven physically active lean men (70.6 ± 2.1 kg) were subjected to 1-month detraining; 9 sedentary lean men (73.1 ± 3.3 kg); and 11 sedentary overweight men (97.5 ± 3.0 kg) participated in a 2-month aerobic-exercise training program. Diet was controlled to maintain stable energy balance. Body composition, VO2peak, circulating adiponectin, adipose and muscle tissue adiponectin, muscle adiponectin receptors, and APPL1 mRNAs were measured before and after the interventions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, plasma high-molecular-weight adiponectin concentration was lower in both active lean (5.44 ± 0.58 µg/mL) and sedentary overweight (5.30 ± 1.06 µg/mL) than in sedentary lean participants (7.44 ± 1.06 µg/mL; both p < 0.05). Training reduced total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin concentrations by, respectively, -32 and -42 % in sedentary lean, and -26 and -35 % in sedentary overweight, while detraining increased them by +25 and +27 % in active lean participants. Total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin changes were inversely correlated with VO2peakchanges (respectively, R2= 0.45, R2= 0.59; both p < 0.001) and positively with changes in fasting plasma insulin (both p < 0.05). Muscle and adipose tissue adiponectin mRNA did not differ between groups and with interventions. Muscle AdipoR2 and APPL1 mRNAs were lower in sedentary groups compared with the active group; and were positively associated with VO2peakand inversely with fasting plasma insulin concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma adiponectin concentration is inversely correlated with aerobic capacity. Future investigations will need to confirm the contribution of changes in muscle adiponectin sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: CARMEN, INSERM U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA1235, CRNH-RA, 69600, Oullins, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gastebois
authors.affiliation: CARMEN, INSERM U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA1235, CRNH-RA, 69600, Oullins, France.
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villars
authors.affiliation: CARMEN, INSERM U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA1235, CRNH-RA, 69600, Oullins, France.|Laboratory of Biochemistry, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69600, Oullins, France.
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drai
authors.affiliation: CARMEN, INSERM U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA1235, CRNH-RA, 69600, Oullins, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Canet-Soulas
authors.affiliation: IPHC CNRS, UMR 7178, University of Strasbourg, 67087, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blanc
authors.affiliation: IPHC CNRS, UMR 7178, University of Strasbourg, 67087, Strasbourg, France.|Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergouignan
authors.affiliation: CARMEN, INSERM U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA1235, CRNH-RA, 69600, Oullins, France.
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lefai
authors.affiliation: CARMEN, INSERM U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA1235, CRNH-RA, 69600, Oullins, France. chantal.simon@univ-lyon1.fr.|Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabète, Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69310, Pierre Benite, France. chantal.simon@univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simon
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000379:methods*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013851:Thinness / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin
keywords: Adiponectin receptors; Aerobic fitness; Body weight; Exercise; Multimeric forms