title: Ligating Internal Iliac Artery: Success beyond Hesitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the outcomes, benefits and complications of internal iliac artery ligation in both obstetric and gynecological cases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the outcomes, effectiveness and complications of internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL).
  
  
  METHODS
  This is an analytical longitudinal study done among women who have undergone internal iliac artery ligation in Dr. BRAMH a tertiary referral center from July 2013 to June 2015. Follow-up was done through color Doppler analysis of pelvic arteries before discharge, after 6 weeks and after 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The efficacy of IIAL was 96.87 %. The mean shock index was 0.94 ± 0.26. Sixty-four women underwent IIAL out of which placenta previa (21.8 %) was the major indication. There were four maternal deaths. There were no intraoperative or ischemic complications. The greater the time interval between onset of hemorrhage and IIAL, the graver the outcome. For all women in whom uterus could be salvaged, resumption of menstrual cycles was seen within 6 months of IIAL. There was a significant decrease in the RI and PI of uterine arteries. In the ovarian arteries, there was a significant increase in RI and no significant change in PI initially. Flow in distal part of ligated internal iliac arteries could be detected in 54 (90 %) women out of 60 after 6 months of ligation of internal iliac arteries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IIAL is an effective life-saving method to control obstetric and gynecological hemorrhage, and a hysterectomy can often be avoided. Early resort to IIAL is vital for improving the patient outcome. Uterine perfusion is well maintained, while there may be a decrease in ovarian perfusion. Resumption of menstrual cycles and presence of distal flow in internal iliac artery within 6 months suggest the preservation of future fertility; in order to better understand the impact of IIAL on ovarian functions and future fertility, larger studies with longer follow-up periods need to be conducted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, India.
authors.forename: Abha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, India.
authors.forename: Ruchi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kishore
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, India ; Sarbhai Nursing Home, Mahadev Ghat Road, Daganiya, Raipur, CG India.
authors.forename: Saveri Sarbhai
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Saxena
keywords: Color Doppler; Internal iliac artery ligation; Pelvic hemorrhage