title: Single-pulse enhanced coherent diffraction imaging of bacteria with an X-ray free-electron laser.
abstract: High-resolution imaging offers one of the most promising approaches for exploring and understanding the structure and function of biomaterials and biological systems. X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) combined with coherent diffraction imaging can theoretically provide high-resolution spatial information regarding biological materials using a single XFEL pulse. Currently, the application of this method suffers from the low scattering cross-section of biomaterials and X-ray damage to the sample. However, XFELs can provide pulses of such short duration that the data can be collected using the "diffract and destroy" approach before the effects of radiation damage on the data become significant. These experiments combine the use of enhanced coherent diffraction imaging with single-shot XFEL radiation to investigate the cellular architecture of Staphylococcus aureus with and without labeling by gold (Au) nanoclusters. The resolution of the images reconstructed from these diffraction patterns were twice as high or more for gold-labeled samples, demonstrating that this enhancement method provides a promising approach for the high-resolution imaging of biomaterials and biological systems.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Jiadong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Zhibin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yaling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Jaehyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Sunam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gallagher-Jones
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoonhee
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authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Changyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Shengkun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Xiulan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tono
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Makina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yabashi
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
authors.forename: Chunhai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yuliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Zhifang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Xueyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.|iHuman Institute, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Earnest
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.|School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
authors.forename: Huaidong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang