title: Cortical Clefts and Cortical Bumps: A Continuous Spectrum.
abstract: Cortical 'clefts' (schizencephaly) and cortical 'bumps' (polymicrogyria) are malformations arising due to defects in postmigrational development of neurons. They are frequently encountered together, with schizencephalic clefts being lined by polymicrogyria. We present the case of an eight-year-old boy who presented with seizures. Imaging revealed closed lip schizencephaly, polymicrogyria and a deep 'incomplete' cleft lined by polymicrogyria not communicating with the lateral ventricle. We speculate that hypoperfusion or ischaemic cortical injury during neuronal development may lead to a spectrum of malformations ranging from polymicrogyria to incomplete cortical clefts to schizencephaly.
authors.affiliation: Senior Resident, Department of Radiology, St John's Medical College Hospital , Bengaluru, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Asthik
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.affiliation: Senior Resident, Department of Radiology, St John's Medical College Hospital , Bengaluru, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Farha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Furruqh
authors.affiliation: Specialist Grade II, Department of Neurology, Indira Gandhi Government General Hospital and Post Graduate Institute , Puducherry, India .
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thirunavukarasu
authors.affiliation: Specialist Grade I, Indira Gandhi Government General Hospital and Post Graduate Institute , Puducherry, India .
authors.forename: Ravichandran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vivekandan
keywords: Brain; Development; Malformation; Polymicrogyria; Schizencephaly