title: Frequency of Depressive Syndromes in Elderly Individuals with No Cognitive Impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease Dementia in a Memory Clinic Setting.
abstract: The aims of this study were to investigate the frequency of various depressive syndromes in elderly individuals with no cognitive impairment (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) in a memory clinic setting, and then to test whether severe and milder forms of depressive syndromes are differentially associated with the cognitive groups.
  
  
  
  For 216 NC, 478 MCI, and 316 AD subjects, we investigated the frequency of depressive syndromes, defined by three different categories: major and minor depressive disorder (MaDD and MiDD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, as well as depression according to the National Institute of Mental Health provisional diagnostic criteria for depression in Alzheimer's disease (NIMH-dAD).
  
  
  
  The frequency of MaDD did not show any significant difference among NC, MCI, and AD. In contrast, the frequencies of MiDD and NIMH-dAD were higher than those of MaDD and showed significant group differences with a gradual increase from NC to AD.
  
  
  
  The findings suggest that the degenerative process of Alzheimer's disease contributes to the occurrence of mild depressive conditions, but not to severe depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Min Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.forename: Dahyun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Young Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Hyo Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyewon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Bo Kyung
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Hyun Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Younghwa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong Inn
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Dong Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology