title: Defatted safflower seed extract inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and improves lipid profiles in C57BL/6J ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet.
abstract: In the present study, we hypothesized that defatted safflower seed which is known to be rich in polyphenols might influence adipogenesis and obesity-related disorders, and therefore the anti-adipogenic and hypolipidemic effects of ethanol extract from defatted safflower (Cathamus tinctorius L.) seeds (CSE) were investigated both in cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and in C57BL/6J ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet. CSE inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and decreased expression of the adipogenic transcription factors, SREBP1c and PPARγ, and their target genes. Six-week-old obese (ob/ob) mice were fed a high-fat diet and treated with CSE (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 6 weeks. Body fat mass (epididymal and perirenal white adipose tissues) in the CSE-treated groups was significantly lower than that in the high-fat diet control (HFD) group, whereas average daily food intake was not significantly different among the groups. Plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels and plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level were also significantly lower in the CSE groups compared to the HFD group. These results suggest that CSE which decreases body fat mass and improves lipid profiles in plasma and liver, represents a potential treatment option for obesity and associated metabolic disorders, including hyperlipidemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Seop
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; The center for Traditional Microorganism Resource (TMR), Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sam-Pin
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Hwarang-ro 94, Gyeongsan 712-260, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shon
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; The center for Traditional Microorganism Resource (TMR), Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: synglee@kmu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Syng-Ook
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D031187:Carthamus tinctorius; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Adipogenesis; C57BL/6J ob/ob mice; Defatted safflower seeds; Hepatic steatosis; Hyperlipidemia