title: Endophytes and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Hope in Desperation.
abstract: Neurodegeneration is progressive loss of functional and structural integrity of the central nervous system. Neurodegenerative disorders are yet without any reliable therapy because the neurons of the central nervous system have limited ability to regenerate. Current therapeutic approaches rely mainly on abrogation of symptoms and leave the dying neurons to their fate. Protective and/or rescuing treatments need to be explored fully to suppress neuronal death that will automatically alleviate the symptoms. Adequate precedent exists in literature regarding the neuroprotective activity of endophytes. Endophytes are a class of microorganisms which colonize healthy plant tissues without causing any apparent harm to the host. Chemical moieties from known endophytes have been used against many disease models including neurodegenerative diseases. There is great hope that novel bioactive molecules from newer endophytes can impede pathogenic mechanisms and progression of many diseases. In this review, we will discuss promising pharmacological or clinical relevance of endophytes against various neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.forename: Aiyatullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Nawab John
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Dar
authors.forename: Qazi Parvaiz
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, India. mahmad@iiim.res.in.
authors.forename: Muzamil
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D060026:Endophytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D006867:Hydrolases