title: African Ancestry-Specific Alleles and Kidney Disease Risk in Hispanics/Latinos.
abstract: African ancestry alleles may contribute to CKD among Hispanics/Latinos, but whether associations differ by Hispanic/Latino background remains unknown. We examined the association of CKD measures with African ancestry-specificAPOL1alleles that were directly genotyped and sickle cell trait (hemoglobin subunitβgene [HBB] variant) on the basis of imputation in 12,226 adult Hispanics/Latinos grouped according to Caribbean or Mainland background. We also performed an unbiased genome-wide association scan of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratios. Overall, 41.4% of participants were male, 44.6% of participants had a Caribbean background, and the mean age of all participants was 46.1 years. The Caribbean background group, compared with the Mainland background group, had a higher frequency of twoAPOL1alleles (1.0% versus 0.1%) and theHBBvariant (2.0% versus 0.7%). In the Caribbean background group, presence ofAPOL1alleles (2 versus 0/1 copies) or theHBBvariant (1 versus 0 copies) were significantly associated with albuminuria (odds ratio [OR], 3.2; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.7 to 6.1; and OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.8 to 3.8, respectively) and albuminuria and/or eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2(OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.4; and OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.7 to 3.5, respectively). The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio genome-wide association scan identified associations with theHBBvariant among all participants, with the strongest association in the Caribbean background group (P=3.1×10-10versusP=9.3×10-3for the Mainland background group). In conclusion, African-specific alleles associate with CKD in Hispanics/Latinos, but allele frequency varies by Hispanic/Latino background/ancestry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences and Medicine, and.|Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois.
authors.forename: Holly J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, and.
authors.forename: Adrienne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stilp
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, and.
authors.forename: Cathy C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Laurie
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Science, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Alex P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Reiner
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and.|Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lash
authors.affiliation: Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Martha L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Daviglus
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Sylvia E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Rosas
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and.|Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ricardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences and Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Bamidele O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Tayo
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Flessner
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, and.
authors.forename: Kathleen F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peralta
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences and Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Durazo-Arvizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, and.
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conomos
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, and.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences Los Angeles, Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California.
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rotter
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences Los Angeles, Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California.
authors.forename: Kent D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, and.
authors.forename: Jainwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Advanced Research and Diagnostics Laboratories, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eckfeldt
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, and.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papanicolau
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; noraf@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Franceschini
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: African ancestry; Hispanic; Latino; albuminuria; chronic kidney disease; genetic variants