title: Amniotic fluid cathepsin-G in pregnancies complicated by the preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the amniotic fluid cathepsin-G concentrations in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) based on the presence of the microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and/or intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 154 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM were included in this study. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis. Amniotic fluid cathepsin-G concentrations were assessed by ELISA. MIAC was determined using a non-cultivation approach. IAI was defined as an amniotic fluid bedside interleukin-6 concentration ≥ 745 pg/mL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with MIAC had higher amniotic fluid cathepsin-G concentrations than women without MIAC (with MIAC: median 82.7 ng/mL, versus without MIAC: median 64.7 ng/mL; p = 0.0003). Women with IAI had higher amniotic fluid cathepsin-G concentrations than women without this complication (with IAI: median 103.0 ng/mL, versus without IAI: median 66.2 ng/mL; p < 0.0001). Women with microbial-associated (with both MIAC and IAI) IAI and sterile (IAI without MIAC) IAI had higher amniotic fluid cathepsin-G concentrations than women with colonization (MIAC without IAI) and women without both MIAC and IAI (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of either microbial-associated or sterile IAI was associated with increased amniotic fluid cathepsin-G concentrations in pregnancies complicated by PPROM. Amniotic fluid cathepsin-G appears to be a potential marker of IAI.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Musilova
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy.
authors.forename: Ctirad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andrys
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drahosova
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy.
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Soucek
authors.affiliation: c Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pliskova
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stepan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bestvina
authors.affiliation: d Department of Pediatrics , Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maly
authors.affiliation: e Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University , Gothenburg , Sweden.|f Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalization , Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway , and.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacobsson
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.|g Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kacerovsky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000649:Amniocentesis; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D056649:Cathepsin G / Q000032:analysis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; C534094:CTSG protein, human; D056649:Cathepsin G
keywords: Cathepsin-G; PPROM; inflammation; neutrophil; preterm delivery; serine protease