title: Self-efficacy and Associated Factors in Patients With Temporary Ostomies: A Cross-sectional Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine stoma self-efficacy (SE) and its association with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and social support in patients with temporary ostomies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Convenience sampling was used to recruit 150 patients from 5 hospitals in Guangdong province, China, who had been living with a temporary ostomy for at least 1 month.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Respondents completed a questionnaire that included ostomy-related sociodemographic and clinical data, and Chinese language versions of several validated instruments, the Stoma Self-efficacy Scale (C-SSES), City of Hope-Quality of Life-Ostomy Questionnaire (C-COH-QOL-OQ), and Perceived Social Support Scale (C-PSSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 150 questionnaires distributed, 122 (81.3%) were returned, and 111 (74%) had sufficiently complete responses to be included in the final analysis. The average score from the C-SSES was 78.55 ± 14.72 (mean ± standard deviation) for total stoma SE; 85.6% of respondents showed low or moderate self-efficacy related to ostomy care. The scores from the C-SSES were 39.36 ± 7.72 for stoma care SE and 23.33 ± 6.69 for social SE. Stoma care SE was significantly associated with HRQOL domains, psychological well-being (B = 2.09, P < .01), social well-being (B = 1.16, P < .05), significant other support (B = 1.19, P < .01), and friend support (B = 0.72, P < .01). Social SE was associated with education level (B = 2.84, P < .01), HRQOL domains, psychological well-being (B = 1.88, P < .01), social well-being (B = 1.17, P < .01), and family support (B = 0.48, P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Persons with temporary ostomies reported low or moderate levels of SE, suggesting the need to focus on HRQOL aspects of psychological and social well-being, as well as social support. We hypothesize that interaction with other ostomy patients, especially those with long-term enterostomy experience or those trained through ostomy organizations, may improve stoma SE.
authors.affiliation: Xi Su, MD, RN, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou, China. Fang Qin, MSc, RN, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Li Zhen, MSc, ET, Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China. Xinmei Ye, BSN, RN, ET, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Yinyi Kuang, BSN, RN, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Mulan Zhu, BSN, RN, ET, Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China. Xuexia Yin, BSN, RN, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Huizhen Wang, MSc, RN, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Xinmei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Yinyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: Mulan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xuexia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Huizhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010030:Ostomy / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires