title: Bacteremia due to Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides in a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
abstract: Leuconostoc species are vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive cocci. Infections due to Leuconostoc species have been reported in various immunocompromised patients, but little is known about such infection in patients with hematologic malignancies. We report a case of Leuconostoc infection in a 44-year-old woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The patient developed a high fever despite antimicrobial therapy with doripenem after induction chemotherapy. After an isolate from blood cultures was identified as L. pseudomesenteroides, we changed the antibiotics to piperacillin-tazobactam and gentamicin, after which the patient recovered from the infection. Physicians should be aware of Leuconostoc species as causative pathogen if they encounter Gram-positive cocci bacteremia resistant to standard antibiotics such as vancomycin and teicoplanin, especially in patients with hematologic malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2063-2614
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ino
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Cancer Center, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3639-8888
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakase
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Emergency and Critical Care Center, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2227-4737
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Central Clinical Laboratories, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujieda
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katayama