title: Obstacle course runs: review of acquired injuries and illnesses at a series of Canadian events (RACE).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The growing popularity of obstacle course runs (OCRs) has led to significant concerns regarding their safety. The influx of injuries and illnesses in rural areas where OCRs are often held can impose a large burden on emergency medical services (EMS) and local EDs. Literature concerning the safety of these events is minimal and mostly consists of media reports. We sought to characterise the injury and illness profile of OCRs and the level of medical care required.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study analysed OCR events occurring in eight locations across Canada from May to August 2015 (total 45 285 participants). Data were extracted from event medical charts of patients presenting to the onsite medical team, including injury or illness type, onsite treatment and disposition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 557 race participants treated at eight OCR events (1.2% of all participants). There were 609 medical complaints in total. Three quarters of injuries were musculoskeletal in nature. Eighty-nine per cent returned to the event with no need for further medical care. The majority of treatments were completed with first aid and basic medical equipment. Eleven patients (2% of patients) required transfer to hospital by EMS for presentations including fracture, dislocation, head injury, chest pain, fall from height, and abdominal pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that 1.2% of race participants presented to onsite medical services. The majority of complaints were minor and musculoskeletal in nature. Only 2% of those treated were transferred to hospital through EMS. This is consistent with other types of mass gathering events.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Alana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Mathew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mercuri
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hogg
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Erich
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hanel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002170:Canada; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012420:Running / Q000293:injuries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013177:Sports / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*
keywords: first responders; mass gathering medicine; pre-hospital; remote and rural medicine; risk management