title: [Left temporal arachnoid cyst and specific learning disorders associated with Pervasive Developmental Disorders - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS): contributions of an integrative neuropsychomotor, neuropsychological, psychopathological and neurosurgical approach about a case report in a child (François)].
abstract: Left temporal arachnoid cyst and specific learning disorders associated with pervasive developmental disorders - not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS): contributions of an integrative neuro-psychomotor, neuropsychological, psychopathological and neurosurgical approach about a case report in a child (François). With DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR, the terminology of pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) covers two main categories of infantile disorders: disorders of "strictly" autistic nature and pervasive developmental disorders - not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). Under the terminology of multiple complex developmental disorder (MCDD), it is proposed to classify children presenting symptoms approaching the psychotic disharmonies and usually diagnosed as PDD-NOS. Such a category of developmental disorders is now included without nosographic distinction in the autistic spectrum in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (DSM-V).
  
  
  METHODS
  We are reporting a case report of a 6-year-old boy which shows a PDD-NoS/MCDD complex symptomatology type. This child presents multiple disorders: minor neurological signs (soft signs), neuro-psychomotor disorders, developmental coordination disorder (DCD), communication, thought, and regulation of emotions disorders, attention deficit disorders (ADD); in the presence of a high verbal intellectual potential, which makes it difficult to establish a clear diagnosis. A cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was carried out due to the presence of minor neurological signs (soft signs) and of neurodevelopmental multiple disorders. The MRI revealed a voluminous arachnoid temporo-polar left cyst with a marked mass effect on the left temporal lobe.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A neurosurgical intervention allowed to observe the gradual disappearance of the specific symptomatology (in particular soft signs, neuro-psychomotor functions and autistic symptoms) secondary to the interference of the cyst's pressure with intracranial areas involving neurological and psychopathological abnormalities, underlying at the same time the reversibility of the disorders after decompression as demonstrated in some studies. There are always, with a quantitative and qualitative decrease, an emotional dysregulation, a DCD, an ADD as well as impairments in the executive functions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This clinical case underlines the necessity of an evaluation in a transdisciplinary way and to follow the developmental evolution of the child in order to focus adapted therapeutics. Furthermore, with neurodevelopmental disorders not specified, it is important to examine the presence of soft signs with standardized neuro-psychomotor assessment, and then, to propose an MRI investigation. To our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature with a school age child of an unusual association between a temporal arachnoid cyst associated with PDD-NOS/MCDD.
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, 15, rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; CESP, université de Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM 1018, université de Paris-Saclay, hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Carré-Necker, porte N4, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France; Service de pédopsychiatrie, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France; Service de pédiatrie, hôpitaux universitaires Paris Centre Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; IHU institut IMAGINE, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 24, boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France. Electronic address: laurence.vaivre-douret@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vaivre-Douret
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, 15, rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; CESP, université de Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM 1018, université de Paris-Saclay, hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Carré-Necker, porte N4, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boschi
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, 15, rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Service de neurochirurgie pédiatrique, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cuny
authors.affiliation: Service de pédopsychiatrie, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clouard
authors.affiliation: Service de pédopsychiatrie, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mosser
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, 15, rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; CESP, université de Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM 1018, université de Paris-Saclay, hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Carré-Necker, porte N4, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France; Service de pédopsychiatrie, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Golse
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, 15, rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; IHU institut IMAGINE, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 24, boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm UMR 1163, institut IMAGINE, 24, boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Philippe
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, 15, rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Service de neurologie et métabolisme, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bourgeois
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, 15, rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; IHU institut IMAGINE, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 24, boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm-CEA unité 797, service hospitalier Frédéric-Joliot, 4, place du Général-Leclerc, 91401 Orsay cedex, France; Service de radiologie pédiatrique, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boddaert
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, 15, rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Service de neurochirurgie pédiatrique, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm unité 845, faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, Paris 5, site Necker, 156, rue Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puget
mesh_terms: D016080:Arachnoid Cysts / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000209:etiology; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D000067559:Specific Learning Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Autism spectrum disorders; Kyste arachnoïdien temporal; Multiple complex developmental disorder; Pervasive developmental disorders; Signes neurologiques mineurs; Soft signs; Temporal arachnoid cyst; Troubles complexes et multiples du développement; Troubles du spectre autistique; Troubles envahissants du développement