title: Fabrication of mediator-free hybrid nano-interfaced electrochemical biosensor for monitoring cancer cell proliferation.
abstract: Glucose, a chief energy source in cellular metabolism, has a significant role in cell proliferation. Cancer cells utilize more glucose than normal cells to meet the energy demand arising due to their uncontrolled proliferation. The present work reports the development of a nano-interfaced amperometric biosensor for rapid and accurate monitoring of glucose utilization by cancer cells. A hybrid nano-interface comprising a blend of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (GR) was employed to enhance the surface area of the working electrode and favour direct electron transfer. Glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilized on the interface serves as the sensing element due to its high selectivity and sensitivity towards glucose. Utilization of glucose was monitored at pre-determined time intervals in MiaPaCa-2 cancer cells. The results obtained from the amperometric technique were compared with the values obtained from a commercial glucometer. Alamar blue assay was performed to check the proliferation rate of the cells. A good correlation was obtained between the proliferation rate and glucose utilization. The designed biosensor was found to be unaffected by the presence of potential interferents and hence may serve as a novel in vitro tool to rapidly quantify the proliferation rates of cancer cells in response to different treatment strategies.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nano Technology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India.
authors.forename: Sasya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madhurantakam
authors.affiliation: School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jayanth Babu
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nano Technology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India; School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India.
authors.forename: John Bosco
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Balaguru Rayappan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nano Technology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India. Electronic address: umakrishnan@sastra.edu.
authors.forename: Uma Maheswari
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Krishnan
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D006108:Graphite; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Cancer cell proliferation; Electrochemical biosensor; Glucose sensor; Hybrid nano interface