title: Ramadan and diabetes - knowledge, attitude and practices of general practitioners; a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fasting during Ramadan is obligatory for all Muslims across the world. Through literature review, it has been found out that there are various articles published for the awareness of patients and general population regarding safe fasting during Ramadan. But very few studies highlight the Ramadan specific knowledge of general practitioners engaged in providing care to people with diabetes. This study aims to describe the practice, knowledge and attitude of general practitioners regarding treatment and dietary modifications for people with diabetes during Ramadan across Pakistan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken among a sample of 274 general practitioners. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire that consisted of 25 questions that were structured according to three categories i-e. Ramadan specific knowledge, diet and physical activity and treatment modification related knowledge and practices of GPs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the total population of GPs surveyed, 70% responded correctly to the questions while 30% responded incorrectly. 1/4(th) of GPs incorrectly responded to questions regarding basic concepts of diabetes and Ramadan. 1/3(rd) of GPs responded incorrectly regarding questions on diet. Almost 40% of the GPs responded incorrectly to the questions regarding drug dosage adjustment in people with diabetes during Ramadan. However, more than 80% responded in agreement regarding alteration in medication timings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Almost one third of the studied populations of general practitioners across Pakistan lack the knowledge of basic principles that are important to be employed in the management of diabetes during Ramadan. Hence there is need to promote educational programmes and CMEs to improve the knowledge of our GPs that should be reflected by their sound clinical practices in the field of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Muhammad Yakoob Ahmedani, FCPS. Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Yakoob
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Ahmedani
authors.affiliation: Bella Z. Hashmi, MBBS. Trainee Postgraduate (FCPS-II), Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Bella Z
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Hashmi
authors.affiliation: Muhammad Saif Ulhaque, MS (Diab & Endo). Registrar, Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Saif
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ulhaque
keywords: Diabetes; Fasting; General practitioners; Ramadan