title: Protein Kinases and Parkinson's Disease.
abstract: Currently, the lack of new drug candidates for the treatment of major neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease has intensified the search for drugs that can be repurposed or repositioned for such treatment. Typically, the search focuses on drugs that have been approved and are used clinically for other indications. Kinase inhibitors represent a family of popular molecules for the treatment and prevention of various cancers, and have emerged as strong candidates for such repurposing because numerous serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases have been implicated in the pathobiology of Parkinson's disease. This review focuses on various kinase-dependent pathways associated with the expression of Parkinson's disease pathology, and evaluates how inhibitors of these pathways might play a major role as effective therapeutic molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. SJMehdi@uams.edu.
authors.forename: Syed Jafar
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Mehdi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Hector.Rosas-Hernandez@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rosas-Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Elvis-Yane.Cuevas-Martinez@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Elvis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cuevas
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Susan.Lantz@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lantz
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. BargerStevenW@uams.edu.|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. BargerStevenW@uams.edu.
authors.forename: Steven W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Barger
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Sumit.Sarkar@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Sumit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Merle.Paule@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Merle G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Paule
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Syed.Ali@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Syed F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. Syed.Imam@fda.hhs.gov.|Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Syed.Imam@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Syed Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Imam
keywords: Parkinson’s disease; dopamine; kinase inhibitors; serine/threonine kinase; tyrosine kinase