title: Glypican-3 distinguishes aggressive from non-aggressive odontogenic tumors: a preliminary study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glypican-3 is a cell surface proteoglycan that is found in embrionary tissues, and there are no studies investigating this protein in odontogenic tumor. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate glypican-3 in a series of aggressive and non-aggressive odontogenic tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine cases of tumors were divided into aggressive odontogenic tumors (20 solid ameloblastomas, four unicystic ameloblastoma, 28 KOTs including five associated with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome) and non-aggressive odontogenic tumors (five adenomatoid odontogenic tumors and two calcifying cystic odontogenic tumors) and analyzed for glypican-3 using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glypican-3 was observed in seven solid ameloblastoma and eighteen keratocystic odontogenic tumors including three of the five syndromic cases, but there was no significant difference between syndromic and sporadic cases (P > 0.05; Fisher's exact Test). All cases of unicystic ameloblastoma (n = 4), adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (n = 5), and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (n = 2) were negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This provided insights into the presence of glypican-3 in odontogenic tumors. This protein distinguished aggressive from non-aggressive odontogenic tumors.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Human Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ramon Barreto
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Human Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosane Borges
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andreia Leal
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Human Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarissa Araújo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8922-2985
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gurgel
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Manoel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santana Filho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Araújo
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marília
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trierveiler
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Ramos
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Cury
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosalia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leonardi
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Human Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.|Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jean Nunes
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
mesh_terms: D000564:Ameloblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D053673:Glypicans / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009808:Odontogenic Tumors / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C105937:GPC3 protein, human; D053673:Glypicans
keywords: ameloblastoma; glypican-3; keratocystic odontogenic tumor; odontogenic tumors