title: Morphological Development of Embryo, Larvae and Juvenile in Yellowtail Kingfish, Seriola lalandi.
abstract: This study monitored the morphological development of embryo, larvae and juvenile yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, for their aquaculture. The fertilized eggs obtained by natural spawning were spherical shape and buoyant. Fertilized eggs were transparent and had one oil globule in the yolk, with an egg diameter of 1.35 ± 0.04 mm and an oil globule diameter of 0.32 ± 0.02 mm. The fertilized eggs hatched 67-75 h after fertilization in water at 20 ± 0.5°C. The total length (TL) of the hatched larvae was 3.62 ± 0.16 mm. During hatching, the larvae, with their mouth and anus not yet opened. The yolk was completely absorbed 3 days after hatching (DAH), while the TL of post-larvae was 4.72 ± 0.07 mm. At 40 DAH, the juveniles had grown to 30.44 ± 4.07 mm in TL, body depth increased, the body color changed to a black, yellow, and light gray-blue color, and 3-4 vertical stripes appeared. At 45 DAH, the juveniles were 38.67 ± 5.65 mm in TL and 10.10 ± 0.94 mm in body depth. The fish were green with a light orange color, with 7 faint green-brown stripes on the sides of their body. At 87 DAH, the juveniles had grown to 236.11 mm in TL, 217.68 mm in fork length, and 136.5 g in weight. The fish resembled their adult form, with a light yellow-green body color, loss of the pattern on the sides of their body, and a yellow coloration at the tip of the caudal fin.
authors.affiliation: Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63610, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Geun
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.affiliation: Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63610, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63610, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Gu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63610, Korea.
authors.forename: Bong Seok
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63610, Korea.
authors.forename: Minhwan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea.
authors.forename: Chi Hoon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Don
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Fertilized egg; Juvenile; Larva; Seriola lalandi; Yellowtail kingfish