title: Novel antioxidant capability of titanium induced by UV light treatment.
abstract: The intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a representative form of cellular oxidative stress and plays an important role in triggering adverse cellular events, such as the inflammatory reaction and delayed or compromised differentiation. Osteoblastic reaction to titanium with particular focus on ROS production remains unknown. Ultraviolet (UV) light treatment improves the physicochemical properties of titanium, specifically the induction of super hydrophilicity and removal of hydrocarbon, and eventually enhances its osteoconductivity. We hypothesized that there is a favorable regulatory change of ROS production within osteoblasts in contact with UV-treated titanium. Osteoblasts were cultured on titanium disks with or without UV-pretreatment. The intracellular production of ROS was higher on acid-etch-created rough titanium surfaces than on machine-prepared smooth ones. The ROS production was reduced by 40-50% by UV pretreatment of titanium regardless of the surface roughness. Oxidative DNA damage, as detected by 8-OHdG expression, was alleviated by 50% on UV-treated titanium surfaces. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was consistently lower in osteoblasts cultured on UV-treated titanium. ROS scavenger, glutathione, remained more without being depleted in osteoblasts on UV-treated titanium. Bio-burden test further showed that culturing osteoblasts on UV-treated titanium can significantly reduce the ROS production even with the presence of hydrogen peroxide, an oxidative stress inducer. These data suggest that the intracellular production of ROS and relevant inflammatory reaction, which unavoidably occurs in osteoblasts in contact with titanium, can be significantly reduced by UV pretreatment of titanium, implying a novel antioxidant capability of the particular titanium.
authors.affiliation: Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Department of Masticatory Function Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan; The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: takepro1@tmd.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.affiliation: The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsukimura
authors.affiliation: The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishijima
authors.affiliation: The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minamikawa
authors.affiliation: The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.affiliation: The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Department of Masticatory Function Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.affiliation: The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology*; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000528:radiation effects; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Osseointegration; Osteoblast; Reactive oxygen species (ROS); Titanium; UV light treatment