title: Impact of the Content of Fatty Acids of Oral Fat Tolerance Tests on Postprandial Triglyceridemia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
abstract: Whether the content of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) could differently influence postprandial triglycerides (TG) is unknown. We examined possible differences in the postprandial TG response to fat tolerance tests (FTTs), in which SFA or unsaturated fatty acids were used. Crossover clinical trials investigating the effects of FTTs containing SFA and unsaturated fats on postprandial triglyceridemia in databases from 1994 until 2016 were searched. Of 356 studies, 338 were excluded and 18 were considered. TG net incremental areas under the curve were calculated using time-points or changes from baseline. Pooled effects of standardized mean differences and I² test were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 12 studies, responses to SFA versus PUFA meals, and in 16 studies versus MUFA meals were compared. Over 4 hours, no differences between SFA and unsaturated fats were observed. Over 8 hours a lower response to PUFA (SMD -2.28; 95%CI -4.16, -0.41) and a trend to lower response to MUFA (SMD -0.89, 95%CI -1.82, 0.04) were detected. FTTs shorter than 8 hours may not be sufficient to differentiate postprandial TG after challenges with distinct fatty acids. Clinical significance of different postprandial TG responses on cardiovascular risk in the long-term deserves investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo CEP 01246-904, Brazil. milenamonfort@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monfort-Pires
authors.affiliation: Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n., Córdoba 14004, Spain. delgado-lista@gmail.com.|CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain. delgado-lista@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado-Lista
authors.affiliation: Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n., Córdoba 14004, Spain. jimynaceo@hotmail.com.|CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain. jimynaceo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gomez-Delgado
authors.affiliation: Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n., Córdoba 14004, Spain. md1lomij@uco.es.|CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain. md1lomij@uco.es.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopez-Miranda
authors.affiliation: Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n., Córdoba 14004, Spain. pablopermar@yahoo.es.|CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain. pablopermar@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perez-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo CEP 01246-904, Brazil. sandrafv@usp.br.
authors.forename: Sandra Roberta Gouvea
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ferreira
keywords: Fat tolerance test; monounsaturated fatty acids; polyunsaturated fatty acids; postprandial triglycerides; saturated fatty acids