title: The effects of chlormequat chloride on the development of pubertal male rats.
abstract: Chlormequat Chloride (CCC) is a plant growth regulator that is widely applied in agriculture. Previous studies have shown that long-term exposure of CCC could decrease body weight in animals. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been studied. In this study, CCC was administered to rats daily by gavage on postnatal days 23-60 at doses of 0, 75, 150 and 300mg/kg bw/d. The results showed that body weight and the length of the right femur were significantly decreased in the 300mg/kg bw/d group. Histological analysis of proximal growth plates of the right femurs showed narrowed proliferative zones and hypertrophic zones in CCC-treated groups. The mRNA expression of growth hormone, growth hormone receptor and insulin like growth factor 1 were decreased in the CCC-treated group. The results indicated that CCC may affect the expression of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 and subsequently cause a decrease in body weight and bone length.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Qinghe
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongqian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Lanqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China. Electronic address: whao@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hao
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D002716:Chlormequat / Q000633:toxicity*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000187:drug effects; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000633:toxicity; D011627:Puberty / Q000187:drug effects; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D002716:Chlormequat; D013006:Growth Hormone; D000109:Acetylcholine
keywords: Chlormequat chloride; Developmental toxicity; Growth hormone; Insulin-like growth factor 1