title: Effect of Alendronate with β - TCP Bone Substitute in Surgical Therapy of Periodontal Intra-Osseous Defects: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alendronate (ALN), an aminobisphosphonate, inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and also stimulates osteogenesis. Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) is an osteoconductive graft material which provides a scaffold for bone formation and also a widely used drug delivery vehicle for growth factors and antibiotics. Drug delivery vehicles, like β-TCP, improve the potency of the drugs by specific local site delivery of the drug, optimal release characteristics and easy handling.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the this study was to evaluate the bone formation potential of 400μg ALN delivered in β-TCP in the treatment of periodontal intra-osseous defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with periodontal defects were randomly assigned to 400μg ALN + β-TCP + Saline (test) group and β-TCP + Saline (active-control) group. Clinical parameters like Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) gain, Probing Depth (PD) reduction, post-operative Gingival Recession (GR) were assessed from the baseline, 3 months and 6 months recordings. Radiographic parameters like Linear Bone Growth (LBG), Percentage Bone Fill (%BF), and change in alveolar crest height (ACH) were assessed from baseline and 6 months radiographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean measurements in the ALN test group for CAL gain (3.4 ± 0.74 mm), PD reduction (4.33 ± 0.82 mm), LBG (2.88 ± 0.88 mm), and %BF (51.98 ± 15.84%) were significantly greater with a p-value <0.05 compared to the mean measurements of CAL gain (2.20 ± 0.86 mm), PD reduction (3.20 ± 1.15 mm), LBG (1.70 ± 0.39 mm), and %BF (30.35 ± 6.88%) of the control group. There was mild alveolar crestal apposition (0.32 ± 0.68 mm) in the ALN test group and mild alveolar crestal resorption (-0.24 ± 0.40 mm) in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  400μg ALN combined with β-TCP bone graft material was effective in improving soft tissue parameters, inhibiting alveolar crestal resorption and enhancing bone formation, compared to β-TCP alone.
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre , Hyderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Rohini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naineni
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre , Hyderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Vishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ravi
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics, MNR Dental College and Hospital , Sangareddy, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Dwijendra Kocherlakota
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Subbaraya
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre , Hyderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Jammula Surya
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Prasanna
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre , Hyderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Veerendranath Reddy
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Panthula
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre , Hyderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Rekha Rani
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Koduganti
keywords: Alveolar crestal resorption; Bone formation; Drug delivery vehicle