title: To ∼P or Not to ∼P? Non-canonical activation by two-component response regulators.
abstract: Bacteria sense and respond to their environment through the use of two-component regulatory systems. The ability to adapt to a wide range of environmental stresses is directly related to the number of two-component systems an organism possesses. Recent advances in this area have identified numerous variations on the archetype systems that employ a sensor kinase and a response regulator. It is now evident that many orphan regulators that lack cognate kinases do not rely on phosphorylation for activation and new roles for unphosphorylated response regulators have been identified. The significance of recent findings and suggestions for further research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Mechanobiology Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Stuti K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: Mechanobiology Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.|Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.|Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Linda J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kenney
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D000071677:Histidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020218:Response Elements; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000071677:Histidine Kinase