title: Habitat Use and Selection by Giant Pandas.
abstract: Animals make choices about where to spend their time in complex and dynamic landscapes, choices that reveal information about their biology that in turn can be used to guide their conservation. Using GPS collars, we conducted a novel individual-based analysis of habitat use and selection by the elusive and endangered giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). We constructed spatial autoregressive resource utilization functions (RUF) to model the relationship between the pandas' utilization distributions and various habitat characteristics over a continuous space across seasons. Results reveal several new insights, including use of a broader range of habitat characteristics than previously understood for the species, particularly steep slopes and non-forest areas. We also used compositional analysis to analyze habitat selection (use with respect to availability of habitat types) at two selection levels. Pandas selected against low terrain position and against the highest clumped forest at the at-home range level, but no significant factors were identified at the within-home range level. Our results have implications for modeling and managing the habitat of this endangered species by illustrating how individual pandas relate to habitat and make choices that differ from assumptions made in broad scale models. Our study also highlights the value of using a spatial autoregressive RUF approach on animal species for which a complete picture of individual-level habitat use and selection across space is otherwise lacking.
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.|Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanchong, China.
authors.forename: Jindong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda (CCRCGP), Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Jinyan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda (CCRCGP), Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Shiqiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viña
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ashton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shortridge
authors.affiliation: China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda (CCRCGP), Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Rengui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda (CCRCGP), Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Dian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda (CCRCGP), Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Hemin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D017753:Ecosystem; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012621:Seasons; D001503:Ursidae / Q000502:physiology*