title: Purmorphamine as a Shh Signaling Activator Small Molecule Promotes Motor Neuron Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on Nanofibrous PCL Scaffold.
abstract: There is variety of stem cell sources but problems in ethical issues, contamination, and normal karyotype cause many limitations in obtaining and using these cells. The cells in Wharton's jelly region of umbilical cord are abundant and available stem cells with low immunological incompatibility, which could be considered for cell replacement therapy. Small molecules have been presented as less expensive biologically active compounds that can regulate different developmental process. Purmorphamine (PMA) is a small molecule that, according to some studies, possesses certain differentiation effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of the PMA on Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cell (WJ-MSC) differentiation into motor neuronal lineages instead of sonic hedgehog (Shh) on PCL scaffold. After exposing to induction media for 15 days, the cells were characterized for expression of motor neuron markers including PAX6, NF-H, Islet1, HB9, and choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) by quantitative reverse transcription (PCR) and immunocytochemistry. Our results demonstrated that induced WJ-MSCs with PMA could significantly express motor neuron markers in RNA and protein levels 15 days post induction. These results suggested that WJ-MSCs can differentiate to motor neuron-like cells with PMA on PCL scaffold and might provide a potential source in cell therapy for nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Naghmeh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bahrami
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayat
authors.affiliation: Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdolreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohamadnia
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Division, Life Science Engineering Department, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Karegar Ave, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khakbiz
authors.affiliation: Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Meysam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yazdankhah
authors.affiliation: Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Jafar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.affiliation: Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ebrahimi_s@sina.tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi-Barough
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059631:Wharton Jelly / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D009025:Morpholines; D011687:Purines; C509239:SHH protein, human; C470893:purmorphamine
keywords: Motor neuron differentiation; PCL scaffold; Purmorphamine; Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells