title: Clinical Impact of Cystatin C/Cathepsin L and Follistatin/Activin A Systems in Breast Cancer Progression: A Preliminary Report.
abstract: This study was directed to assess the clinical impact of the circulating cathepsin L, cystatin C, activin A, and follistatin in breast cancer patients. The serum concentrations of these molecules were determined by immunoenzymatic assays, and their association with some clinico-pathological parameters of breast cancer progression was evaluated. Our results identified cystatin C and activin A as predictive markers for the presence of breast cancer and bone metastasis, respectively. Therefore, these proteins may have a clinical role as circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion , School of Medicine, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leto
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences , School of Medicine, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Incorvaia
authors.affiliation: a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion , School of Medicine, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flandina
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences , School of Medicine, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ancona
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences , School of Medicine, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fulfaro
authors.affiliation: a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion , School of Medicine, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Marilena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crescimanno
authors.affiliation: c Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Vittoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Sepporta
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences , School of Medicine, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Badalamenti
mesh_terms: D028341:Activins / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000556:secondary; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*; D056668:Cathepsin L / Q000097:blood*; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D038681:Follistatin / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000097:blood; D012372:ROC Curve
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D055316:Cystatin C; D038681:Follistatin; C422405:activin A; D028341:Activins; D056668:Cathepsin L
keywords: Activin; biomarkers; bone metastasis; breast cancer; cathepsin L; cystatin C; follistatin; tumor markers