title: Production of xylonic acid by Klebsiella pneumoniae.
abstract: The glucose oxidation pathway is important for glucose catabolism in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Gluconic acid and 2-ketogluconic acid are intermediates of this pathway, and the production of these two chemicals has been developed in K. pneumoniae mutants. Catalysis characteristic research in this study has shown that xylose is a suitable substrate of the glucose dehydrogenase of this pathway. Here, using xylose as substrate, xylonic acid was accumulated in the broth of K. pneumoniae culture, and this process was dependent upon acidic conditions. Using a mixture of glucose and xylose as substrates, a mixture of xylonic acid and gluconic acid was produced by the Δgad mutant of K. pneumoniae; gluconic acid was synthesized early, and xylonic acid synthesis began after most glucose was consumed. Using the hydrolysate of bamboo as substrate, mixture of 33 g/L gluconic acid and 14 g/L xylonic acid were produced by K. pneumoniae Δgad. In fed-batch fermentation, 103 g/L xylonic acid was produced after 79 h culture, with a conversion ratio of 1.11 g/g. This is the first report of xylonic acid produced by K. pneumoniae. Production of xylonic acid and gluconic acid using bamboo hydrolysate is a novel approach for biomass utilization.
authors.affiliation: Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biological Engineering, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chenhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhongxi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biological Engineering, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dexin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.|School of life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Biorefinery Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, KRIBB, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 580-185, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chul Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Engineering, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People's Republic of China. hanzs@ysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zengsheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China. haoj@sari.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4403-8188
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
mesh_terms: D001711:Biotransformation; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D005942:Gluconates / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000378:metabolism*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D013400:Sugar Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D014994:Xylose / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005942:Gluconates; D013400:Sugar Acids; D002482:Cellulose; D014994:Xylose; D005947:Glucose; C030691:gluconic acid
keywords: Bamboo; Gluconic acid; Glucose oxidation pathway; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Xylonic acid