title: Untargeted NMR Spectroscopic Analysis of the Metabolic Variety of New Apple Cultivars.
abstract: Metabolome analyses by NMR spectroscopy can be used in quality control by generating unique fingerprints of different species. Hundreds of components and their variation between different samples can be analyzed in a few minutes/hours with high accuracy and low cost of sample preparation. Here, apple peel and pulp extracts of a variety of apple cultivars were studied to assess their suitability to discriminate between the different varieties. The cultivars comprised mainly newly bred varieties or ones that were brought onto the market in recent years. Multivariate analyses of peel and pulp extracts were able to unambiguously identify all cultivars, with peel extracts showing a higher discriminative power. The latter was increased if the highly concentrated sugar metabolites were omitted from the analysis. Whereas sugar concentrations lay within a narrow range, polyphenols, discussed as potential health promoting substances, and acids varied remarkably between the cultivars.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. philipp-michael.eisenmann@kit.edu.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eisenmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. ehlers.mona@web.de.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ehlers
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. christoph.weinert@mri.bund.de.
authors.forename: Christoph H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Weinert
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. pavleta.tzvetkova@kit.edu.|Institute for Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. pavleta.tzvetkova@kit.edu.
authors.forename: Pavleta
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tzvetkova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. mara.silber@student.kit.edu.
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silber
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. manuela.rist@mri.bund.de.
authors.forename: Manuela J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rist
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. burkhard.luy@kit.edu.|Institute for Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. burkhard.luy@kit.edu.
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. claudia.muhle-goll@kit.edu.|Institute for Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. claudia.muhle-goll@kit.edu.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muhle-Goll
keywords: malus domestica; metabolomics; multivariate analysis; quality control