title: The level of knowledge and awareness about prostate cancer in the Turkish male and the relevant effective factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to determine the general knowledge and awareness levels, information sources, and the state of medical check-up for prostate cancer (PCa) and relevant effective factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were asked to answer to 14 questions of a questionnaire about age, education, economic and social condition, knowledge about PCa, state of being examined and their related factors. According to demographic characteristics of the participants, levels of awareness about PCa, sources of information, affecting factors and their interrelationships were examined. Two groups were formed according to age (<60 years, >60 years) and variations according to ages were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and ninety-three men with an average age of 57 years (range 40-85) were included in the study. Our findings showed that 68.3% of the participants were thinking that PCa is a frequently seen disease, 88.4% were thinking that it can be treated and 62.8% of men specified that their information sources are doctors. We also found that 60.8% of the participants had not undergone prostate examination and prostate specific antigen (PSA) control. The most reason for not having annual examinations was (44.4%) "negligence". Significantly greater number of men with higher education (high school/university) were highly informed about PCa (p=0.037). Check-up rates were statistically significantly higher among men with intermediate income (p=0.041). Curability of PCa diagnosed at an early stage was acknowledged by statistically higher number of individuals under the age 60 (p<0.05). Health control, prostate examination and/or PSA control rates were higher in men with a family history of PCa and in the group of >60 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although PCa has a high prevalence and mortality rates, personal and social information and sensitivity levels must be increased as it can be treated if diagnosed at an early stage. We think that social and medical impact of the disease can be decreased with the planning of effective methods based on sociocultural and economic factors.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Urology, Kastamonu Anadolu Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Faruk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Doğan
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Urology, Kastamonu Anadolu Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ekmekçioğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Diseases, Fatih University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aslıhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Çolak
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Çoşkun
authors.initials: Ç
authors.lastname: Şahin
keywords: Awareness; male; prostate cancer