title: Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone and N,N-Diethyl-3 Methylbenzamide in Personal Care Products.
abstract: Benzophenone (BP) andN,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) are two chemicals often used in personal care products (PCPs). There is a lack of systematic ecotoxicological evaluations about the two chemicals to aquatic organisms. In the present study, the acute toxic effects onChlorella vulgaris,Daphnia Magana, andBrachydanio reriowere tested and the ecotoxicological risks were evaluated. For BP, the 96-h half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) onC. vulgariswas 6.86 mg/L; the 24-h median lethal concentration (LC50) onD. maganawas 7.63 mg/L; the 96-h LC50onB. reriowas 14.73 mg/L. For DEET, those were 270.72 mg/L, 40.74 mg/L, and 109.67 mg/L, respectively. The mixture toxicity of BP and DEET, onC. vulgaris,D. magana, andB. rerioall showed an additive effect. The induced predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) for BP and DEET by assessment factor (AF) method are 0.003 mg/L and 0.407 mg/L, respectively. Both are lower than the concentrations detected from environment at present, verifying that BP and DEET are low-risk chemicals to the environment.
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. sunhongqin123456@163.com.|Taihu Lake Water Environment Engineering Research Center (Wuxi), Southeast University, 99 Linghu Street, Wuxi 214000, China. sunhongqin123456@163.com.
authors.forename: Hong-Qin
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. ngd2011dy@126.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve, Boulevard West, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada. zhangziyang1028@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zi-Yang
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. 2010jwj@sina.com.
authors.forename: Wen-Jing
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. 220140548@seu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yan-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. xiwulu@seu.edu.cn.|Taihu Lake Water Environment Engineering Research Center (Wuxi), Southeast University, 99 Linghu Street, Wuxi 214000, China. xiwulu@seu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xi-Wu
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Watershed Ecological Conservation and Water Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing 210042, China. zym@nies.org.
authors.forename: Yi-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. liwei-sun@seu.edu.cn.|Taihu Lake Water Environment Engineering Research Center (Wuxi), Southeast University, 99 Linghu Street, Wuxi 214000, China. liwei-sun@seu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Sun
keywords: N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide; acute toxicity; benzophenone; ecological risk assessment; personal care products