title: Neurodevelopmental disorder associated with prenatal exposure to alcohol (ND-PAE): A proposed diagnostic method of capturing the neurocognitive phenotype of FASD.
abstract: Neurobehavioral Disorder associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (ND-PAE) was proposed as a diagnostic formulation intended to capture the range of mental health problems occurring in alcohol-affected individuals with a history of prenatal alcohol exposure. The proposed criteria for the disorder are reviewed as well as various factors considered in the development of the disorder and its associated criteria. The taxonomic research related to the disorder is reviewed with preliminary analyses indicating that clinicians are readily able to agree when applying the diagnostic criteria but that the adaptive functioning criteria may need to be modified to expand its coverage of alcohol-affected individuals and to aid in discriminating these individuals from others not alcohol-affected. Finally, the challenges with translating the diagnosis into European medical and mental healthcare systems are discussed and recommendations for facilitating implementation are made.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30324, USA; Department of Pediatrics Emory, University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30324, USA. Electronic address: jkabl01@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kable
authors.affiliation: Lead Clinician FASD Specialist Behavior Clinic, Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, 116-118 Station Rd East, Oxted, Surrey, RH80QA, UK.
authors.forename: Raja A S
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008603:Mental Health; D065886:Neurodevelopmental Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols
keywords: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; Mental health; ND-PAE; Psychiatric diagnosis