title: Regulation of X-linked gene expression during early mouse development byRlim.
abstract: Mammalian X-linked gene expression is highly regulated as female cells contain two and male one X chromosome (X). To adjust the X gene dosage between genders, female mouse preimplantation embryos undergo an imprinted form of X chromosome inactivation (iXCI) that requires bothRlim(also known as Rnf12) and the long non-coding RNAXist. Moreover, it is thought that gene expression from the single active X is upregulated to correct for bi-allelic autosomal (A) gene expression. We have combined mouse genetics with RNA-seq on single mouse embryos to investigate functions ofRlimon the temporal regulation of iXCI andXist. Our results reveal crucial roles ofRlimfor the maintenance of highXistRNA levels,Xistclouds and X-silencing in female embryos at blastocyst stages, while initialXistexpression appearsRlim-independent. We find further that X/A upregulation is initiated in early male and female preimplantation embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.|Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: JongDae
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Jeremy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shea
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bošković
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Meg
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Byron
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Xiaochun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.|Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.|Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.|Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.
authors.forename: Alex K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Shalek
authors.affiliation: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.|Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.|Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.
authors.forename: Aviv
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Regev
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Jeanne B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Eduardo M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.|Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Lihua J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Oliver J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Rando
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.
authors.forename: Ingolf
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4505-8946
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bach
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D050172:Genes, X-Linked; D051379:Mice; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000378:metabolism; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*; D049951:X Chromosome Inactivation
chemical_list: D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; C077885:XIST non-coding RNA; C120758:Rlim protein, mouse; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
keywords: Rlim/Rnf12; X chromosome inactivation; X upregulation; Xist; developmental biology; mouse; mouse preimplantation development; single embryo RNA-seq; stem cells