title: Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus by antimicrobial biofilms formed by competitive exclusion microorganisms on stainless steel.
abstract: The goal of this study was to develop a desiccation resistant antimicrobial surface using biofilm of competitive exclusion (CE) microorganism inhibitory to Staphylococcus aureus. We isolated 161 microorganisms from soils, foods, and food-contact surfaces that are inhibitory to S. aureus. Among them, three CE microorganisms (Streptomyces spororaveus strain Gaeunsan-18, Bacillus safensis strain Chamnamu-sup 5-25, and Pseudomonas azotoformans strain Lettuce-9) exhibiting strong antibacterial activity and high growth rates were selected for evaluation. These isolates formed biofilms within 24h on stainless steel coupons (SSCs) immersed in Bennet's broth and tryptic soy broth at 25°C. Cells in these biofilms showed significantly (P≤0.05) enhanced resistance to a desiccation (43% relative humidity [RH]) compared to those attached to SSCs but not in biofilms. The antimicrobial activities of biofilms formed by these isolates on SSCs against S. aureus at 25°C and 43% RH were determined. Compared to SSCs lacking biofilms formed by CE microorganisms, populations of S. aureus on SSCs harboring CE biofilms were significantly lower (P≤0.05). Results indicate that persistent antimicrobial activity against S. aureus on stainless steel surfaces can be achieved by the presence of biofilms of CE microorganisms. This information will be useful when developing strategies to improve the microbiological safety of foods during storage, processing, and distribution by facilitating the development of effective antimicrobial food-contact surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunhyung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA.
authors.forename: Larry R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Beuchat
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hoikyung@wku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hoikyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: escheri@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jee-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D000898:Antibiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D018441:Biofilms; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000032:analysis*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D013193:Stainless Steel
keywords: Antimicrobial surface; Biofilm; Competitive-exclusion microorganisms; Stainless steel; Staphylococcus aureus