title: Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) contributes to encephalitis in a model of Herpes infection in mice.
abstract: The most severe manifestation of Herpes Simplex Type 1 virus (HSV-1) infection is encephalitis characterized by arousal impairment and seizures that can evolve to coma and death. Previous studies reported the involvement of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins, specifically SOCS1 and SOCS3, in HSV-1 infection, suggesting that other members of this family could be involved in the immune response against HSV-1. No previous study has reported the role of SOCS2 in HSV-1 infection. In the current study, C57BL/6 wild-type mice (WT) and mice deficient in SOCS2 gene (SOCS2-/-) were subjected to intracranial inoculation with 102plaque forming units (PFU) of HSV-1. Survival curve, neuroinflammatory parameters and neuropathology were evaluated. Infected SOCS2-/-mice had increased survival in comparison with infected WT animals. This better outcome was associated with reduced leukocyte infiltration, concentration of cytokines, and structural changes in the brain. SOCS2 seems to play a detrimental role in HSV-1 encephalitis. Moreover, the control of neuroinflammatory response in HSV-1 infection was of paramount importance to clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa Fonseca
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: da Cunha Sousa
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Laboratorio de Apoptose, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milene Alvarenga
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rachid
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Graciela Kunrath
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Silva
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: de Miranda
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Carvalho Vilela
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Norinne
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lacerda Queiroz
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: David Henrique
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erna Geessien
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Kroon
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiana Simão
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, United States. Electronic address: altexr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Antônio Lúcio
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020803:Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014709:Vero Cells; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; C491409:Socs2 protein, mouse; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins
keywords: Encephalitis; HSV-1; Neuroinflammation; SOCS2