title: Luminescence materials for pH and oxygen sensing in microbial cells - structures, optical properties, and biological applications.
abstract: Luminescence including fluorescence and phosphorescence sensors have been demonstrated to be important for studying cell metabolism, and diagnosing diseases and cancer. Various design principles have been employed for the development of sensors in different formats, such as organic molecules, polymers, polymeric hydrogels, and nanoparticles. The integration of the sensing with fluorescence imaging provides valuable tools for biomedical research and applications at not only bulk-cell level but also at single-cell level. In this article, we critically reviewed recent progresses on pH, oxygen, and dual pH and oxygen sensors specifically for their application in microbial cells. In addition, we focused not only on sensor materials with different chemical structures, but also on design and applications of sensors for better understanding cellular metabolism of microbial cells. Finally, we also provided an outlook for future materials design and key challenges in reaching broad applications in microbial cells.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen , Guangdong , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xianshao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: a Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen , Guangdong , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , P.R. China.|c Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China , Tianjin , P.R. China.|d SynBio Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen , Guangdong , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yanqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , P.R. China.|c Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China , Tianjin , P.R. China.|d SynBio Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weiwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D049449:Luminescence; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010100:Oxygen; D011108:Polymers
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: dual sensors; extracellular sensors; intracellular sensors; multifunctional sensors; oxygen sensors; pH sensors