title: Anti-inflammatory Potential of Quercetin-3-O-β-D-("2"-galloyl)-glucopyranoside and Quercetin Isolated from Diospyros kaki calyx via Suppression of MAP Signaling Molecules in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages.
abstract: Diospyros kaki (DK) contains an abundance of flavonoids and has been used in folk medicine in Korea for centuries. Here, we report for the first time the anti-inflammatory activities of Quercetin (QCT) and Quercetin 3-O-β-("2"-galloyl)-glucopyranoside (Q32G) isolated from DK. We have determine the no cytotoxicity of Q32G and QCT against RAW 264.7 cells up to concentration of 50 μM. QCT and Q32G demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activities by reducing expression of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) in mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both QCT or Q32G could decrease cellular protein levels of COX-2 and iNOS as well as secreted protein levels of NO, PGE2, and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in culture medium of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Immunoblot analysis showed that QCT and Q32G suppressed LPS-induced MAP kinase pathway proteins p-p38, ERK, and JNK. This study revealed that QCT and Q32G have anti-inflammatory potential, however Q32G possess comparable activity as that of QCT and could be use as adjuvant to treat inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Cosmeceutical Science, DaeguHanny Univ, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Hun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Oriental Pharmacy, Wonkwang Uni, Iksan-city, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Na-Hyung
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu Univ, Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook, 38453, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Imran
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Cosmeceutical Science, DaeguHanny Univ, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea.|Korea Promotion Inst. for Traditional Medicine Industry, Gyeongsan, 712-260, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Myo
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Inst. of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Gug
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical Fusion Textile Center, Gyeongbuk Technopark Foundation, Gyeongsan, 7I2-2I0, Korea.
authors.forename: Han Hyuk
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Korea Promotion Inst. for Traditional Medicine Industry, Gyeongsan, 712-260, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Yoon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Inst. of Technology, Herbnoori Co., Lt., Daegu, 702-852, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeon Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Korea Promotion Inst. for Traditional Medicine Industry, Gyeongsan, 712-260, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-In
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Korea Promotion Inst. for Traditional Medicine Industry, Gyeongsan, 712-260, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu Univ, Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook, 38453, Republic of Korea. sckang@daegu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sun Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Korea Promotion Inst. for Traditional Medicine Industry, Gyeongsan, 712-260, Korea. anbj@dhu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Bong Jeun
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D029788:Diospyros / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006027:Glycosides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D005960:Glucosides; D006027:Glycosides; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; C525669:quercetin 3-O-(2''-galloyl)glucopyranoside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011794:Quercetin; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Diospyros kaki; Q32G; QCT; anti-inflammation