title: Pathway Markers for Pro-resolving Lipid Mediators in Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood: A Secondary Analysis of the Mothers, Omega-3, and Mental Health Study.
abstract: The omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are precursors to immune regulatory and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) of inflammation termed resolvins, maresins, and protectins. Evidence for lipid mediator formation in vivo can be gained through evaluation of their 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) and 15-LOX metabolic pathway precursors and downstream metabolites. We performed a secondary blood sample analysis from 60 participants in the Mothers, Omega-3, and Mental Health study to determine whether SPM and SPM precursors are augmented by dietary EPA- and DHA-rich fish oil supplementation compared to soy oil placebo. We also aimed to study whether SPM and their precursors differ in early and late pregnancy or between maternal and umbilical cord blood. We found that compared to placebo supplementation, EPA- and DHA-rich fish oil supplementation increased SPM precursor 17-hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA) concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood (P = 0.02). We found that the D-series resolvin pathway marker 17-HDHA increased significantly between enrollment and late pregnancy (P = 0.049). Levels of both 14-HDHA, a maresin pathway marker, and 17-HDHA were significantly greater in umbilical cord blood than in maternal blood (P < 0.001, both).
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New MexicoAlbuquerque, NM, USA; Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Mozurkewich
authors.affiliation: Vision Science Program, Infectious Diseases and Immunity Program, School of Optometry, University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics of Gynecology, Duke University Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Chelsea
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clinton
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology, Michigan State University Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.affiliation: Family Medicine, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Zora
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Djuric
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Translational Sciences Center, University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA.
authors.forename: Clifford
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qualls
authors.affiliation: Vision Science Program, Infectious Diseases and Immunity Program, School of Optometry, University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gronert
keywords: DHA; EPA; resolvins