title: Burnout among Norwegian midwives and the contribution of personal and work-related factors: A cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Burnout can be the result of long-term exposure to personal and/or work-related stressors and affect midwives performance of care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess burnout levels among Norwegian midwives and identify personal and work-related factors associated with burnout.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study. A total of 1500 Norwegian midwives were sent a questionnaire which included the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) that measured personal, work- and client-related burnout. Of 1458 eligible midwives, 598 completed the CBI. Descriptive and comparative analyses were done in addition to logistic regression modelling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 20% reported personal or work-related burnout. Less than 5% reported client-related burnout. Midwives with sick leave within the last three months reported higher levels of burnout. The prevalence of work-related burnout was higher among younger and single midwives. Working in outpatient care and experience of a recent reorganisation increased the likelihood of reporting personal and work-related burnout.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One in five midwives had high levels of personal and work-related burnout in this study and the different sub-groups of burnout were all associated with absence from work within the last three months. Work-related factors such as shift work and number of working hours did not seem to influence burnout in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Postboks 4 St. Olavs plass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway; Division of General Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: lena.henriksen@hioa.no.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Henriksen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Postboks 4 St. Olavs plass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Mirjam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lukasse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D017533:Marital Status; D008427:Maternal Health Services; D008875:Middle Aged; D008880:Midwifery; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D009721:Nurse Midwives; D015995:Prevalence; D018582:Sick Leave; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014937:Work; D016526:Workload
keywords: Burnout; Midwifery practice; Midwives; The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory