title: Immediate loading of implants in the edentulous mandible: a multicentre study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the two-year outcomes following immediate loading of mono-cortically engaged implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty healthy mandible edentulous patients with an average age of 67.3 years and presenting with sufficient bony ridge at the mandible symphysis were included in the study. Four Astra Tech, Ti-Oblast®implants were installed between the mental foramina using the mono-cortical anchorage technique. The primary stability of the implants was assessed by resonance frequency analysis (RFA). After uni-abutments were placed, a temporary bridge was constructed and fixed the same day. The definitive bridges were installed 6 weeks after implant surgery. Five of 120 placed implants were lost in four patients during the first 6 weeks and these patients were excluded from the follow-up. The changes in marginal bone level (n = 20) were evaluated in Brazilian and Swedish groups at baseline, 6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months and 24 months. The RFA (n = 30) was evaluated at baseline, 6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months and 24 months postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with baseline measurements, the postoperative values for marginal bone level (6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months and 24 months) were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), while no differences were observed in the RFA analysis (12 months and 24 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The immediate loading of mono-cortically engaged implants in the edentulous mandible is safe and predictable and implant stability remains excellent after 2-year follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. p.faria@me.com.
authors.forename: Paulo Esteves Pinto
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bárbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Masalskas
authors.affiliation: , Moss, Norway.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heyden
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rasmusson
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Antonio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Salata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001732:Bite Force; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D003829:Denture, Partial; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Immediate loading; Marginal bone evaluation; Multicentre study