title: The growth of arthralgic Ross River virus is restricted in human monocytic cells.
abstract: Alphaviruses such as Chikungunya and Ross River (RRV) viruses are associated with persistent arthritis and arthralgia in humans. Monocytes and macrophages are believed to play an important role in alphaviral arthritides. In this study, we evaluated RRV permissiveness of the human acute leukemia MM6 cell line. Viral growth analysis showed that RRV infection of MM6 cells resulted in a very low virus progeny production with daily output. Using recombinant RRV expressing the reporter gene Renilla luciferase, a weak viral replication level was detected in infected cells at the early stages of infection. The infection restriction was not associated with type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines release. Apoptosis hallmarks (i.e. mitochondrial BAX localisation and PARP cleavage) were observed in infected MM6 cells indicating that RRV can trigger apoptosis at late infection times. The long-term persistence of RRV genomic RNA in surviving MM6 cells identifies human monocytic cells as potential cellular reservoirs of viral material within the infected host.
authors.affiliation: UM 134 Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR9192, IRD UMR249, Université de la Réunion, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krejbich-Trotot
authors.affiliation: CEA, Division of Immuno-Virologie, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, INSERM, U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Pasteur Institute, Environment and Infectious Risks unit, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Essia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Belarbi
authors.affiliation: UM 134 Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR9192, IRD UMR249, Université de la Réunion, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
authors.forename: Miora
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ralambondrainy
authors.affiliation: UM 134 Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR9192, IRD UMR249, Université de la Réunion, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
authors.forename: Chaker
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: El-Kalamouni
authors.affiliation: UM 134 Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR9192, IRD UMR249, Université de la Réunion, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
authors.forename: Wildriss
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Viranaicken
authors.affiliation: CEA, Division of Immuno-Virologie, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, INSERM, U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roques
authors.affiliation: UM 134 Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR9192, IRD UMR249, Université de la Réunion, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France. Electronic address: philippe.despres@univ-reunion.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Desprès
authors.affiliation: UM 134 Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR9192, IRD UMR249, Université de la Réunion, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France. Electronic address: gilles.gadea@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gadea
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D001168:Arthritis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002470:Cell Survival; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D012398:Ross River virus / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Alphavirus; Apoptosis; Arthritis; Human monocytic cells; Persistent infection; Ross River virus