title: Extracellular Vesicles in Molecular Diagnostics: An Overview with a Focus on CNS Diseases.
abstract: All known cells continuously release nanoscale lipid membrane-enclosed packets. These packets, termed extracellular vesicles (EVs), bear the signature of their cells of origin. These vesicles can be detected in just about every type of biofluid tested, including blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. The majority comes from normal cells, but disease cells also release them. There is a great interest in collecting and analyzing EVs in biofluids as diagnostics for a wide spectrum of central nervous system diseases. Here, we will review the state of central nervous system EV research in terms of molecular diagnostics and biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational and Applied Neuro-Oncology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; Center for Computational Analysis of Social and Organizational Systems, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hirshman
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational and Applied Neuro-Oncology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Kras
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational and Applied Neuro-Oncology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Akers
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational and Applied Neuro-Oncology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational and Applied Neuro-Oncology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; University of California, San Diego, CA, United States. Electronic address: clarkchen@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles; D006801:Humans; D012106:Research / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Brain cancer; Exosome; Extracellular vesicle; Neurodegenerative diseases