title: Nanoleakage Evaluation of Posterior Teeth Restored with Low Shrinkable Resin Composite- An invitro Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of nanoleakage on the integrity of resin-dentin bond has been in interest for long-term adhesion.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the nanoleakage in premolar teeth restored with low shrinkable resin composite.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 human premolars were used for nanoleakage evaluation in this study. Each group was divided into four equal groups; Group A: using silorane with its adhesive system. Group B: using silorane with G-bond. Group C: using Filtek supreme composite with G-bond. Group D: using Filtek supreme composite with AdheSE adhesive. Nanoleakage analysed using Scaning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometery (EDX).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The amount of silver present in hybrid layer depend on the adhesive used; this indicated different nanoleakage expressions in different adhesive systems. Filtek Z350 composite with G-bond showed clear silver uptake in both the adhesive and hybrid layer. Low shrinkable resin composite (silorane) with its adhesive system showed less silver penetration and slight silver peak on the elemental energy spectroscopy of energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometry (EDS) as compared to other samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adhesives used between different groups, influence the location and degree of nanoleakage. There is difference in nanoleakage patterns between two-step and one-step adhesives and also among the one-step adhesives themselves.
authors.affiliation: Lecturer, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .
authors.forename: Labib Mohamed
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Labib
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar, University , Cairo, Egypt .
authors.forename: Sameh Mahmoud
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nabih
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .
authors.forename: Kusai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baroudi
keywords: Filtek supreme; Hybrid layer; Silorane