title: Chemical composition and biological activities of extracts and essential oil of Boswellia dalzielii leaves.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Boswellia dalzielii Hutch. (Burseraceae) is an aromatic plant. The leaves are used for beverage flavouring.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates the chemical composition and biological activities of various extracts.
  
  
  METHODS
  The essential oil was prepared via hydrodistillation. Identification and quantification were realized via GC-MS and GC-FID. Consecutive extractions (cyclohexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol) were carried out and various chemical groups (phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, antocyanins and sugar) were quantified. The volatile compounds of organic extracts were identified before and after derivatization. Antioxidant, antihyperuricemia, anti-Alzheimer, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the essential oil, 50 compounds were identified, including 3-carene (27.72%) and α-pinene (15.18%). 2,5-Dihydroxy acetophenone and β-d-xylopyranose were identified in the methanol extract. Higher phenolic (315.97 g GAE/kg dry mass) and flavonoid (37.19 g QE/kg dry mass) contents were observed in the methanol extract. The methanol extract has presented remarkable IC50=6.10 mg/L for antiDPPH, 35.10 mg/L for antixanthine oxidase and 28.01 mg/L for anti-5-lipoxygenase. For acetylcholinesterase inhibition, the best IC50(76.20 and 67.10 mg/L) were observed, respectively, with an ethyl acetate extract and the essential oil. At 50 mg/L, the dichloromethane extract inhibited OVCAR-3 cell lines by 65.10%, while cyclohexane extract inhibited IGROV-1 cell lines by 92.60%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biological activities were fully correlated with the chemical groups of the extracts. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts could be considered as potential alternatives for use in dietary supplements for the prevention or treatment of diseases because of these extracts natural antioxidant, antihyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory activities.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire des IMRCP UMR CNRS 5623, Faculté de pharmacie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse , Toulouse , France.|b Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Center Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CBRST), Université Paul-Sabatier , Porto-Novo , Benin.|c Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Synthesis (LaCOPS), Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Abomey Calavi , Contonou , Benin.
authors.forename: Midéko Justin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kohoude
authors.affiliation: b Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Center Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CBRST), Université Paul-Sabatier , Porto-Novo , Benin.|c Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Synthesis (LaCOPS), Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Abomey Calavi , Contonou , Benin.
authors.forename: Fernand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gbaguidi
authors.affiliation: b Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Center Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CBRST), Université Paul-Sabatier , Porto-Novo , Benin.|c Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Synthesis (LaCOPS), Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Abomey Calavi , Contonou , Benin.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agbani
authors.affiliation: b Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Center Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CBRST), Université Paul-Sabatier , Porto-Novo , Benin.
authors.forename: Marc-Abel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ayedoun
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire des IMRCP UMR CNRS 5623, Faculté de pharmacie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse , Toulouse , France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cazaux
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire des IMRCP UMR CNRS 5623, Faculté de pharmacie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse , Toulouse , France.
authors.forename: Jalloul
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bouajila
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D029743:Boswellia / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005410:Flame Ionization; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006074:Gout Suppressants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D006074:Gout Suppressants; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D012997:Solvents; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase
keywords: GC-MS; anti-Alzheimer; anti-inflammatory; anticancer; antioxidant; derivatization