title: Zika Virus Infection and Solid Organ Transplantation: A New Challenge.
abstract: Public health concerns exist surrounding the epidemic of the Zika virus (ZIKV) and the rapid growth of transplantation in developing countries, including endemic zones of active arbovirus transmission, as well as travel to such regions by potential organ donors and recipients. Few data exist regarding the clinical characteristics of ZIKV infection in immunocompromised hosts. Laboratory screening protocols for transplantation to differentiate ZIKV infections from other endemic viral diseases and for the detection of possible donor-derived infection have not been stated. The diagnosis of ZIKV infection remains a challenge, fueled by the lack of standardized commercially available diagnostic tests and validated reference diagnostic laboratories, as well as the limited duration of ZIKV viremia. In this small series, ZIKV infection in renal and liver recipients presented without rash, conjunctivitis, or neurological symptoms, and with abnormal graft function, thrombocytopenia, and bacterial superinfection. We report the first case series of ZIKV infection in solid organ recipients, with a description of clinical and laboratory features and therapeutic management.
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Estofolete
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: A C B
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Terzian
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: E P B
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Mascarin do Vale
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP)/Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: R C M A
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP)/Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP)/Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ramalho
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP)/Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: I M M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Fernandes Charpiot
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Diseases, and Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vasilakis
authors.affiliation: Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP)/Urology and Nephrology Institute, São José do Rio Preto/Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abbud-Filho
mesh_terms: D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D014766:Viremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D000071244:Zika Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D000071243:Zika Virus Infection / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: clinical research/practice; infection and infectious agents; infectious disease; viral