title: Protection Provided by a Gabexate Mesylate Thermo-SensitiveIn SituGel for Rats with Grade III Pancreatic Trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the protection provided by gabexate mesylate thermo-sensitivein-situgel (GMTI) against grade III pancreatic trauma in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A grade III pancreatic trauma model with main pancreatic duct dividing was established, and the pancreas anatomical diagram, ascites, and serum biochemical indices, including amylase, lipase, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were examined. The pancreas was sliced and stained with hematoxylin eosin and subjected to terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ascites, serum amylase, lipase, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were significantly increased in the pancreas trauma (PT) groups with prolonged trauma time and were significantly decreased after GMTI treatment. The morphological structure of the pancreas was loose, the acinus was significantly damaged, the nuclei were irregular and hyperchromatic, and there was inflammatory cell invasion in the PT group compared to the control. After GMTI treatment, the morphological structure of the pancreas was restored, and the damaged acinus and inflammatory cell invasion were decreased compared to the PT group. Moreover, the cell apoptosis index was significantly increased in the PT group and restored to the same levels as the control group after GMTI treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GMTI, a novel formulation and drug delivery method, exhibited specific effective protection against PT with acute pancreatitis therapy and has potential value as a minimally invasive adjuvant therapy for PT with acute pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.|Department of Ultrasound, 161th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Hanjing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Beijing Military Region, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Faqin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yiru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yukun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xingguo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000150:complications; D000681:Amylases / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001201:Ascites / Q000209:etiology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016670:Gabexate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005782:Gels / Q000494:pharmacology; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008049:Lipase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016670:Gabexate; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D008049:Lipase; D000681:Amylases
keywords: Apoptosis; Grade III pancreatic trauma; Main pancreatic duct; Therapeutics; Thermo-sensitivity