title: How global MS prevalence is changing: A retrospective chart review in the United Arab Emirates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder leading to central nervous system inflammation. Traditionally, reported MS prevalence rates in the Middle East are low. Few studies include age/sex standardization giving an unreliable estimate of regional prevalence.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to determine the prevalence, incidence and characteristics of MS in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was conducted at the four largest hospitals in Abu Dhabi Emirate between 2010 and 2014. Data collected included MS type, age and symptoms at onset, expanded disability status scale, treatment, laboratory findings and family history.
  
  
  RESULTS
  510 patients were identified consisting of 318 (62.2%) Emiratis and 192 (37.6%) expatriates. Total crude prevalence rate was 18/100,000 (95% CI: 10-30/100,000). Crude prevalence rate in Emiratis was 57.09 (95% CI:50 to 63/100,000) but increased to 64.44 (95% CI: 57 to 72/100,000) when age standardized. Age-standardized incidence rate in Emiratis was 6.0 MS cases per 100,000 person-years (95% CI: 5.5 to 6.5 cases per 100,000 person-years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At 64.44/100,000, the Abu Dhabi Emirati population has one of the highest, most reliable prevalence rate on the Arab peninsula. Age/sex standardized prevalence rates, uncommonly reported in the Middle East, should be standard for all prevalence studies.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States. Electronic address: nschies1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Nicoline
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schiess
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huether
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
authors.forename: Taghreed
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fatafta
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
authors.forename: Kathryn C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Calabresi
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
authors.forename: Taoufik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alsaadi
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
authors.forename: Miklos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szolics
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D014479:United Arab Emirates / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Disease modifying therapy; Epidemiology; Incidence; Multiple sclerosis; Prevalence; United Arab Emirates (UAE)