title: LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS AND AUTOTAXIN IN RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the levels of lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) and autotaxin (ATX) in undiluted vitreous of untreated patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four vitreous samples (40 RVO, 24 controls with idiopathic floaters) were analyzed in this retrospective case series using LC/MS for LPAs 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 20:4, and ELISA kits or Luminex technology for ATX, angiopoetin-1 (ANG-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-7 (IL-7), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). LPA and ATX levels were correlated with the visual acuity, central macular thickness (CMT), average retinal thickness (AvT), vitreal cytokine levels and with each other.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of every LPA species tested and ATX were significantly increased in the vitreous fluid from all patients with RVO (total LPAs: 968.0 ± 842.3 nM; ATX: 2.5 ± 1.02 nM) compared with controls (total LPAs: 225.2 ± 292.8 nM, P < 0.0001; ATX: 1.9 ± 1.00 nM, P = 0.005). There were strong positive correlations between the vitreal levels of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, VEGF and LPAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Levels of LPAs and ATX were positively correlated with proinflammatory cytokines and VEGF and might thus play an important role in the development of macular edema secondary to RVO.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; †Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland; ‡Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; §Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland; ¶Department of Ophthalmology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; and **Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Ivanka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dacheva
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ullmer
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ceglowska
authors.forename: Everson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nogoceke
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rejdak
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nowomiejska
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nobl
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tandogan
authors.forename: Florian T A
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Kretz
authors.forename: Gerd U
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Auffarth
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Koss
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism; D000099189:Lysophospholipase D
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D000099189:Lysophospholipase D