title: Evolution of Socioeconomic Conditions and Its Relation to Spatial-Temporal Changes of Giardiasis and Helminthiasis in Amazonian Children.
abstract: This study analyzed the evolution of socioeconomic, sanitary, and personal factors as well as spatiotemporal changes in the prevalence of helminthiasis and giardiasis in urban Amazonian children between 2003 and 2011. Child age, lack of sanitation, and lack of access to bottled water were identified as significant associated factors for helminthiasis and giardiasis. There was an overall improvement in socioeconomic and sanitary conditions in the city resulting in decreased helminth prevalences from 12.42 to 9.63% between 2003 and 2010, but the prevalence increased to 15.03% in 2011 due to migratory movement and unstable sanitary conditions. As for Giardiasis, socioeconomic and environmental changes were not enough to reduce prevalence (16% in 2003 and 23% in 2011). Spatial analysis identified a significant cluster for helminthiasis in an area of poor housing conditions. Control programs in the Amazon need to target high-risk areas focusing changes in sanitation, water usage, and health education.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Delfino
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: S A S
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mantovani
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oliart-Guzmán
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Braña
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: F L C C
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Branco
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Filgueira-Júnior
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: C S M
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ramalho
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Muniz
authors.affiliation: Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Codeço
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364 km 04, Rio Branco, Acre, Cep 69919-769, Brazil. msnunes1@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: da Silva-Nunes
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002947:Cities; D005260:Female; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006373:Helminthiasis / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012499:Sanitation; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Amazon; children; giardiasis; helminthiasis; sanitation; water usage