title: Cultural change and traditional ecological knowledge. An empirical analysis from the Tsimane' in the Bolivian Amazon.
abstract: Among the different factors associated to change in traditional ecological knowledge, the study of the relations between cultural change and traditional ecological knowledge has received scan and inadequate scholarly attention. Using data from indigenous peoples of an Amazonian society facing increasing exposure to the mainstream Bolivian society, we analyzed the relation between traditional ecological knowledge, proxied with individual plant use knowledge (n=484), and cultural change, proxied with individual- and village-level (n=47) measures of attachment to traditional beliefs and values. We found that both the individual level of detachment to traditional values and the village level of agreement in detachment to traditional values were associated with individual levels of plant use knowledge, irrespective of other proxy measures for cultural change. Because both the individual- and the village-level variables bear statistically significant associations with plant use knowledge, our results suggest that both the individual- and the supra-individual level processes of cultural change are related to the erosion of plant use knowledge. Results from our work highlight the importance of analyzing processes that happen at intermediary social units -the village in our case study- to explain changes in traditional ecological knowledge.
authors.affiliation: ICREA and Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reyes-García
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 58190 Morelia, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paneque-Gálvez
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maximilien
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gueze
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología, Unidad de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Macía
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain; Centro di Documentazione sui Conflitti Ambientali, 00197 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Martí
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orta-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pino
keywords: Amerindians; cultural consensus; folk knowledge; indigenous peoples; plant use knowledge