title: Comparison of bond strength of different endodontic sealers to root dentin: An in vitro push-out test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the bond strength of four different endodontic sealers to root dentin through push-out test design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty single-rooted teeth with completely formed apices were selected. Teeth were decoronated, and working length was determined. Instrumentation and irrigation were performed. The teeth were divided into four groups based upon the sealer used. Group 1: Bioceramic sealer (Endosequence), Group 2: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) based sealer (MTA Fill apex), Group 3: Epoxy resin based sealer (MM-Seal), and Group 4: Dual cure resin-based sealer (Hybrid Root Seal). Manipulation and application of the sealer was done as per the manufacturer instructions. All the teeth were obturated using 6% gutta-percha. After obturation, each tooth was prepared for push-out test with root slices of 2 mm thickness using universal testing machine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest bond strength was found in Group 1 (Endosequence) (P < 0.05) compared to other groups. The lowest bond strength was found in Group 2 (MTA Fill apex). Statistical analysis is done by two-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls multiple post hoc.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The push-out bond strength of Bioceramic sealer was highest followed by resin-based sealer and lowest bond strength was observed in MTA-based sealer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: G Vijaya
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Madhuri
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sujana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Varri
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Nagesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bolla
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Pragna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mandava
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Lakshmi Swathi
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Akkala
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Jaheer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shaik
keywords: Bond strength; Endosequence BC Sealer; Hybrid Root Seal; MM-Seal; mineral trioxide aggregate fill apex; push-out test