title: Prevalence of scar contractures after burn: A systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Burn scar contractures are the pathological outcome of excessive scarring and ongoing scar contraction. Impairment of joint range of motion is a threat to performing activities in daily living. To direct treatment strategies to prevent and/or correct such contractures, insight into the prevalence, course, and determinants is essential.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was conducted including Pubmed, Cochrane library, CINAHL, and PEDro. Articles were included if they provided burn scar contracture data to calculate the point prevalence. The quality of the articles was scored. Data were extracted regarding study, subject and burn characteristics, method of scar contracture assessment, point prevalence, and possible determinants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine articles and one abstract could be included for data extraction. The prevalence at discharge was 38-54%, but with a longer time after burn, the prevalence was lower. Contractures were more likely to occur in more severe burns, flame burns, children, female, the cervical spine, and the upper extremity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of burn scar contractures varies considerably between studies. When prevalence is unclear, it is also difficult to investigate potential determinants and evaluate changes in interventions. There is a need for extensive, well-designed longitudinal (inter)national studies that investigate prevalence of scar contractures, their evolvement over time, and risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Eyssoniusplein 18, 9714 CE Groningen, The Netherlands; Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728 NT Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.m.oosterwijk@pl.hanze.nl.
authors.forename: Anouk M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Oosterwijk
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.j.mouton@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: Leonora J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Mouton
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Red Cross Hospital, Vondellaan 13, 1942 LE Beverwijk, The Netherlands. Electronic address: hennieschouten@live.nl.
authors.forename: Hennie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728 NT Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.m.disseldorp@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: Laurien M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Disseldorp
authors.affiliation: Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Eyssoniusplein 18, 9714 CE Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: c.p.van.der.schans@pl.hanze.nl.
authors.forename: Cees P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: van der Schans
authors.affiliation: Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728 NT Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: m.k.nieuwenhuis@mzh.nl.
authors.forename: Marianne K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Nieuwenhuis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001134:Arm Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001830:Body Surface Area; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D003286:Contracture / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005390:Fires; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Burns; Prevalence; Quality of life; Range of motion; Rehabilitation; Scar contracture