title: Obesogenic diets have deleterious effects on fat deposits irrespective of the nature of dietary carbohydrates in a Yucatan minipig model.
abstract: The effects of digestible carbohydrates, fructose in particular, on the development of metabolic disturbances remain controversial. We explored the effects of prolonged consumption of high-fat diets differing in their carbohydrate source on fat deposits in the adult Yucatan minipig. Eighteen minipigs underwent computed tomographic imaging and blood sampling before and after 8 weeks of three isocaloric high-fat diets with different carbohydrate sources (20% by weight for starch in the control diet, glucose or fructose, n=6 per diet). Body adiposity, liver volume, and fat content were estimated from computed tomographic images (n=18). Liver volume and lipid content were also measured post mortem (n=12). We hypothesized that the quantity and the spatial distribution of fat deposits in the adipose tissue or in the liver would be altered by the nature of the carbohydrate present in the obesogenic diet. After 8 weeks of dietary exposure, body weight (from 26±4 to 58±3 kg), total body adiposity (from 38±1 to 47±1%; P<.0001), liver volume (from 1156±31 to 1486±66 mL; P<.0001), plasma insulin (from 10±1 to 14±2 mIU/L; P=.001), triacylglycerol (from 318±37 to 466±33 mg/L; P=.005), and free-fatty acids (from 196±60 to 396±59 μmol/L; P=.0001) increased irrespective of the carbohydrate type. Similarly, the carbohydrate type did not induce changes in the spatial repartition of the adipose tissue. Divergent results were obtained for fat deposits in the liver depending on the investigation method. In conclusion, obesogenic diets alter adipose tissue fat deposits and the metabolic profile independently of the nature of dietary carbohydrates.
authors.affiliation: UR1341 ADNC, INRA, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ochoa
authors.affiliation: UR1341 ADNC, INRA, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France. Electronic address: david.val-laillet@inra.fr.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Val-Laillet
authors.affiliation: UR1341 ADNC, INRA, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lallès
authors.affiliation: UR1341 ADNC, INRA, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meurice
authors.affiliation: US1395 Ani-Scans, INRA, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Charles-Henri
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Malbert
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Carbohydrates; Fructose; Liver volume and adiposity; Metabolic syndrome; Minipig