title: Possible Differences in the Effects of Trypanosoma cruzi on Blood Cells and Serum Protein of Two Wildlife Reservoirs.
abstract: A key step in the dynamics of vector-borne diseases is the role of seasonality. Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan that causes Chagas disease. Some wild mammals are considered natural hosts, yet not all mammals show the same response to infection. We explored the effect of T. cruzi on blood parameters in two mammal carnivores, coati (Nasua narica) and raccoon (Procyon lotor), that were naturally infected in summer and winter seasons. The study was carried out in the Zoological Park "Parque Museo de la Venta," in Southeastern Mexico. Blood samples were collected in summer and winter from 2010 to 2013. Parasite infection was assessed by PCR from whole blood, and a complete hemogram was determined by traditional manual methods. We found that both species had the same T. cruzi I lineage. For coatis, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and monocytes were dependent of season, while eosinophils and plasma proteins were significantly different, but with no season effect. For raccoon, erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and monocytes were dependent of season. These results and a previous study that indicated interspecific differences in parasitemia in both species suggest that raccoon is a better reservoir than coati. Such a different interspecific response implies that animals do not contribute equally to maintain T. cruzi parasites in the ecosystem. Such inequality differs according to season.
authors.affiliation: 1 Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González , México City, México .
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martínez-Hernández
authors.affiliation: 2 Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco , México City, México .
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: López-Díaz
authors.affiliation: 3 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California , Ensenada, México .
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bello-Bedoy
authors.affiliation: 4 Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , México City, México .
authors.forename: Guiehdani
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Villalobos
authors.affiliation: 2 Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco , México City, México .
authors.forename: Claudia I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Muñoz-García
authors.affiliation: 5 Laboratorio de Entomología, Departamento de Parasitología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , México City, México .
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alejandre-Aguilar
authors.affiliation: 4 Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , México City, México .
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Córdoba-Aguilar
authors.affiliation: 6 CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública , Cuernavaca, México .
authors.forename: Ana E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Cabrera
authors.affiliation: 7 Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , México City, México .
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Suzán
authors.affiliation: 8 Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Cambio Global, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco , Villahermosa, México .
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villanueva-García
authors.affiliation: 8 Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Cambio Global, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco , Villahermosa, México .
authors.forename: Lilia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gama-Campillo
authors.affiliation: 9 Dirección General de Zoológicos y Vida Silvestre, Zoológico de Chapultepec , México City, México .
authors.forename: Mariela T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Díaz-Negrete
authors.affiliation: 2 Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco , México City, México .
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rendón-Franco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000469:parasitology*; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D045988:Procyonidae; D011821:Raccoons; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins
keywords: Chagas disease; Nasua narica; Trypanosoma; parasitology; raccoon; reservoir host