title: Evaluation of the effects of sedation administered via three different routes on the procedure, child and parent satisfaction during cystometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we retrospectively investigated case reports with and without midazolam administration via oral, intranasal and rectal before cystometry procedure. We aimed to compare the data to evaluate the effects of sedation before cystometry on the pediatric patients and parents' satisfaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 124 ASA I-II pediatric cases aged 5-14 years were retrospectively investigated from the hospital records. One of the three administration routes was chosen; oral midazolam at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg and nasal or rectal midazolam at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg (maximum 15 mg). Heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, the Wisconsin Hospital of Children Sedation Scale (CHWSS) score and the Groningen Distress Rating Scale (GDRS) score were recorded. Cystometry measurement values, diagnoses of the cases and procedure durations were recorded from the urodynamic laboratory records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  80 female, 44 male cases were evaluated. The CHWSS score at the 10th and 20th minutes after the drug administeration was higher in the oral group than the others (p = 0.001). The duration between the administration of the drug and the start of the procedure was shorter in the nasal group (p = 0.01). Parents satisfaction for sedation was 77 % when comparison of the cystometry with and without sedation. Comparison of the cystometry results with or without sedation no significant difference was found between all parameters (p > 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that sedation with midazolam administered through all three routes is a safe, effective and convenient option during cystometry, especially in the young age group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Ankara Childrens' Health and Diseases Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Kurtdereli Sok, 06110 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sengül
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Özmert
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Ankara Childrens' Health and Diseases Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Kurtdereli Sok, 06110 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Feyza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Ankara Childrens' Health and Diseases Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hüseyin Tuğrul
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Tiryaki
keywords: Child; Drugs; Outpatient