title: Generation of the Human Biped Stance by a Neural Controller Able to Compensate Neurological Time Delay.
abstract: The development of a physiologically plausible computational model of a neural controller that can realize a human-like biped stance is important for a large number of potential applications, such as assisting device development and designing robotic control systems. In this paper, we develop a computational model of a neural controller that can maintain a musculoskeletal model in a standing position, while incorporating a 120-ms neurological time delay. Unlike previous studies that have used an inverted pendulum model, a musculoskeletal model with seven joints and 70 muscular-tendon actuators is adopted to represent the human anatomy. Our proposed neural controller is composed of both feed-forward and feedback controls. The feed-forward control corresponds to the constant activation input necessary for the musculoskeletal model to maintain a standing posture. This compensates for gravity and regulates stiffness. The developed neural controller model can replicate two salient features of the human biped stance: (1) physiologically plausible muscle activations for quiet standing; and (2) selection of a low active stiffness for low energy consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Precision Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Brain Function and Medical Engineering, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Brain Function and Medical Engineering, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takakusaki
authors.affiliation: Research into Artifacts, Center for Engineering (RACE), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ota