title: Clinical Aspects of the Use of Botulinum Toxin Type A in the Treatment of Dysfunction of the Masticatory System.
abstract: The purpose of this work is to present a new, still experimental method of treating temporomandibular disorders (TMD) by injecting botulinum toxin Type A (TBX-A), using its effects not as a toxin but as a medication. The mechanism of TBX-A, indications and contraindications for its use, as well as possible side effects, are discussed. Temporomandibular disorders are of concern to approximately 70-80% of the population. The effect of botulinum toxin depends on blocking the release of acetylcholine from a presynaptic neuromuscular synapse and, in the autonomous system, blocking its release from post-ganglionic cholinergic neurons. In cases of long-term TMJ disorders, muscle activity increases and spastic contractions may even appear. TBX-A offers an opportunity for a normal social and family life for many patients suffering from masticatory system disorders (MSD), who have been isolated from the environment by pain. The study is based on a review of the literature and the authors' own experiences during several attempts to treat patients by this method. TBX-A is a safe medicine when the injection is performed by a well-trained physician.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
authors.forename: Zdzisław A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Bogucki
authors.affiliation: Division of Dental Prosthetics, Faculty of Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kownacka
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013284:Stomatognathic System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A
keywords: botulinum toxin type A; dysfunction of the masticatory system; stomatognathic system