title: ENT COBRA (Consortium for Brachytherapy Data Analysis): interdisciplinary standardized data collection system for head and neck patients treated with interventional radiotherapy (brachytherapy).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aim of the COBRA (Consortium for Brachytherapy Data Analysis) project is to create a multicenter group (consortium) and a web-based system for standardized data collection.
  
  
  METHODS
  GEC-ESTRO (Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie - European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology) Head and Neck (H&N) Working Group participated in the project and in the implementation of the consortium agreement, the ontology (data-set) and the necessary COBRA software services as well as the peer reviewing of the general anatomic site-specific COBRA protocol. The ontology was defined by a multicenter task-group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven centers from 6 countries signed an agreement and the consortium approved the ontology. We identified 3 tiers for the data set: Registry (epidemiology analysis), Procedures (prediction models and DSS), and Research (radiomics). The COBRA-Storage System (C-SS) is not time-consuming as, thanks to the use of "brokers", data can be extracted directly from the single center's storage systems through a connection with "structured query language database" (SQL-DB), Microsoft Access(®), FileMaker Pro(®), or Microsoft Excel(®). The system is also structured to perform automatic archiving directly from the treatment planning system or afterloading machine. The architecture is based on the concept of "on-purpose data projection". The C-SS architecture is privacy protecting because it will never make visible data that could identify an individual patient. This C-SS can also benefit from the so called "distributed learning" approaches, in which data never leave the collecting institution, while learning algorithms and proposed predictive models are commonly shared.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Setting up a consortium is a feasible and practicable tool in the creation of an international and multi-system data sharing system. COBRA C-SS seems to be well accepted by all involved parties, primarily because it does not influence the center's own data storing technologies, procedures, and habits. Furthermore, the method preserves the privacy of all patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology - Gemelli-ART, Catholic University, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tagliaferri
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Brachytherapy Unit, University of Lübeck - University Hospital S-H, Campus Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kovács
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology - Gemelli-ART, Catholic University, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Autorino
authors.affiliation: Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Ashwini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Budrukkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Fundacion Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guinot
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Radiotherapy Department, University of Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Orebro University Hospital and Orebro University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Clìnica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael Martìnez
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Monge
authors.affiliation: Head & Neck Surgery Department, AK St. George Hospital, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: University Witten Herdecke, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niehoff
authors.affiliation: Hospital Clinic I Universitari, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rovirosa
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zoltàn
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Takàcsi-Nagy
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology - Gemelli-ART, Catholic University, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dinapoli
authors.affiliation: Software programmer manager; KBO-Labs - Gemelli-ART, Catholic University, Italy.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lanzotti
authors.affiliation: Mathematics; KBO-Labs - Gemelli-ART, Catholic University, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Damiani
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Brachytherapy Unit, University of Lübeck - University Hospital S-H, Campus Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Soror
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology - Gemelli-ART, Catholic University, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Valentini
keywords: ENT-COBRA; consortium; data collection; head and neck cancer