title: Relationship of Knee Motions With Static Leg Alignments and Hip Motions in Frontal and Transverse Planes During Double-Leg Landing in Healthy Athletes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Excessive knee valgus and tibial external rotation relative to the femur during weight bearing motions, such as jump-landing, reportedly increases the risk of developing chronic knee pain, such as patellofemoral pain. Excessive deviations from normal ranges of several static lower extremity alignment measures and dynamic hip motions may also increase the risks for patellofemoral pain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationship between lower extremity alignments and hip motions to frontal and transverse plane knee motions during double-leg landings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Correlational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  69 healthy, competitive athletes (27 men, 42 women; height, 166.5 ± 9.5 cm; weight, 61.3 ± 9.9 kg; age, 20.7 ± 1.0 y) participated in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prone and supine hip version, quadriceps angle, and tibiofemoral angle were measured. Frontal and transverse knee and hip angles at peak knee extensor moment during landing were calculated.
  
  
  METHODS
  2 separate stepwise multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict frontal and transverse plane knee motions using 4 static lower extremity alignment measures and hip motions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Greater hip adduction and prone hip anteversion, and lesser hip internal rotation and supine hip anteversion, were related to greater knee valgus motions (R2= .475, P < .01). Greater hip adduction was related to greater knee external rotation (R2= .205, P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some targeted static lower extremity alignments and hip motions are associated with frontal and transverse knee motions. However, stronger relationships of hip motions with knee motions than static lower extremity alignments provided evidence that improving hip movements may help improve patellofemoral pain in those with lower extremity malalignments.
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uota
authors.forename: Anh-Dung
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aminaka
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimokochi
mesh_terms: D056352:Athletes; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D012399:Rotation; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: chronic knee pain; injury risk factors; kinetic chain; knee biomechanics; landing biomechanics; patellofemoral joint