title: The Evolution of Neuroprosthetic Interfaces.
abstract: The ideal neuroprosthetic interface permits high-quality neural recording and stimulation of the nervous system while reliably providing clinical benefits over chronic periods. Although current technologies have made notable strides in this direction, significant improvements must be made to better achieve these design goals and satisfy clinical needs. This article provides an overview of the state of neuroprosthetic interfaces, starting with the design and placement of these interfaces before exploring the stimulation and recording platforms yielded from contemporary research. Finally, we outline emerging research trends in an effort to explore the potential next generation of neuroprosthetic interfaces.
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Dayo O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Adewole
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Mijail D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Serruya
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Justin C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Burrell
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Dmitriy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petrov
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: H Isaac
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: D Kacy
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Cullen
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000639:trends; D062207:Brain-Computer Interfaces / Q000639:trends*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D006801:Humans; D058117:Neural Prostheses / Q000639:trends*; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000639:trends*; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*