title: Thrombosis and von Willebrand Factor.
abstract: One of the key players in both hemostasis and thrombosis is von Willebrand factor (vWF), which demonstrates a duality between these two processes. Thrombus is structured by numerous elements, including endothelial cells, platelets, plasma proteins and shear stress alteration. In circulation, once a vessel wall is injured, collagen is exposed and platelets attach to the site of injury. Accordingly, vWF mediates adherence of platelets to the damaged vessel wall by binding both to the collagen and platelet receptor. A growing body of data also indicates a role for neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in human thrombosis as scaffolds for vWF, promoting thrombosis. VWF also mediates the protection of factor VIII, a main cofactor of the intrinsic clotting pathway. Since vWF plays a critical role in both thrombotic and bleeding events, a decreased plasma level of this factor may point to a bleeding disorder, while an elevated plasma level may predict occurrence of thrombosis. Since thrombotic events are the foremost cause of death, inhibiting the vWF activity would be a novel prophylaxis to reduce these events. Though, accumulated data have made vWF a promising focus for research on cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This chapter, however, aims to clarify the role of vWF in thrombus formation and pathogenesis of thrombosis.
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155-6183, Iran. shahidi.m@iums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Minoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahidi
mesh_terms: D000071120:ADAMTS13 Protein / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D065206:Extracellular Traps / Q000378:metabolism; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010951:Plasma Exchange; D010973:Platelet Adhesiveness; D011697:Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D038981:Receptors, Collagen / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D038981:Receptors, Collagen; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D005169:Factor VIII; D000071120:ADAMTS13 Protein; C099604:ADAMTS13 protein, human; D016559:Tacrolimus
keywords: A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13); Endothelial cell; Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs); Platelet; Shear stress; Thrombosis; Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP); Von Willebrand factor