title: Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells as Immunosuppressive Mechanism in Ovarian Cancer Patients: Progress and Challenges.
abstract: Cancers are complex masses of malignant cells and nonmalignant cells that create the tumor microenvironment (TME). Non-transformed cells of the TME such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been observed in the TME of ovarian cancer (OC) patients. Although these subsets may contribute to each step of carcinogenesis and are commonly associated with poor prognosis, still little is known about creation of the protumor microenvironment in OC. In this review, we focused on the nature and prognostic significance of TAMs and MDSCs in OC patients. Moreover, we discuss the main problems and challenges that must be overcome by researchers and clinicians to enrich our knowledge about the immunosuppressive microenvironment of cancers.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology , Medical University , Lublin , Poland.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okła
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology , Medical University , Lublin , Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wertel
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology , Medical University , Lublin , Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Polak
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology , Medical University , Lublin , Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Surówka
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Medical University , Lublin , Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wawruszak
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology , Medical University , Lublin , Poland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kotarski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D002465:Cell Movement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D000072737:Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
keywords: Ovarian cancer; myeloid-derived suppressor cells; tumor microenvironment; tumor-associated macrophages