title: Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Extract of Annona muricata and Simarouba glauca on Enterococcus faecalis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the antimicrobial effect of water extracts of leaves of Annona muricata and Simarouba glauca on Enterococcus faecalis using agar diffusion method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dried leaves of A. muricata and S. glauca were powdered and extracted in a soxhlet apparatus. Enterococcus faecalis was grown overnight in Trypticase soy agar plates. About 10 μl of each extract was placed on agar plates and incubated overnight. The zone of inhibition was measured after 24 hours. About 1% sodium hypochlorite and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The leaf extract of A. muricata showed similar effectiveness as that of sodium hypochlorite, whereas the leaf extract of S. glauca showed only a slight reduction in growth of E. faecalis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leaf extract of A. muricata can be developed as an alternative to sodium hypochlorite for root canal irrigants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Success of endodontic treatment depends on complete disinfection of the root canals. Root canal irrigants have a major role in complete disinfection of the root canals. Chemical root canal irrigants are more or less toxic to the oral environment. In this study, naturally derived leaf extracts of A. muricata and S. glauca are compared with sodium hypochlorite for its effectiveness against E. faecalis - the most common pathogen found in the root canals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics St. Gregorios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Jain
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics St. Gregorios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Reshmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics St. Gregorios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Theruvil
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics St. Gregorios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Tobin C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Padavil
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, St. Gregorios Dental College Kothamangalam, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Lincy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tomy
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Community Dentistry, St. Gregorios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Kerala, India, e-mail: dranilkurian@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurian
mesh_terms: D031041:Annona; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D032272:Simarouba
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants
keywords: Annona muricata; Enterococcus faecalis; Root canal irrigants; Simarouba glauca; Sodium hypochlorite.