title: Effects of ω-3 Fatty Acids and Catechins on Fatty Acid Synthase in the Prostate: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: Animal and human studies suggest fish oil and green tea may have protective effect on prostate cancer. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) has been hypothesized to be linked to chemoprotective effects of both compounds. This study evaluated the independent and joint effects of fish oil (FO) and green tea supplement (epigallocatechin-3-gallate, EGCG) on FAS and Ki-67 levels in prostate tissue. Through a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial with 2 × 2 factorial design, 89 men scheduled for repeat prostate biopsy following an initial negative prostate biopsy were randomized into either FO alone (1.9 g DHA + EPA/day), EGCG alone (600 mg/day), a combination of FO and EGCG, or placebo. We used linear mixed-effects models to test the differences of prostate tissue FAS and Ki-67 by immunohistochemistry between pre- and post-intervention within each group, as well as between treatment groups. Results did not show significant difference among treatment groups in pre-to-post-intervention changes of FAS (P = 0.69) or Ki-67 (P = 0.26). Comparing placebo group with any of the treatment groups, we did not find significant difference in FAS or Ki-67 changes (all P > 0.05). Results indicate FO or EGCG supplementation for a short duration may not be sufficient to produce biologically meaningful changes in FAS or Ki-67 levels in prostate tissue.
authors.affiliation: a OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Zhenzhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: b Department of Urology , Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garzotto
authors.affiliation: c Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Tomasz M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Beer
authors.affiliation: a OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.|c Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.|d Department of Dermatology , Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thuillier
authors.affiliation: e Department of Urology , Kaiser Permanente Northwest , Clackamas , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lieberman
authors.affiliation: a OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.|c Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Motomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: a OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Wesley A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Stoller
authors.affiliation: a OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Paige E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Farris
authors.affiliation: a OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.
authors.forename: Jackilen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shannon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D054890:Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; C518729:FASN protein, human; D054890:Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I