title: First case of bilateral coronoid hyperplasia in monozygotic twin sisters-a new aetiological perspective?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mandibular coronoid hyperplasia is a rare condition associated with gradual reduction in mouth opening. Its aetiology is unknown but increased temporalis activity, endocrine stimulus, trauma and familial causes have been proposed.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this article, we present a case of bilateral coronoid hyperplasia presenting with limited mouth opening in 16-year-old Caucasian twin sisters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report gives a new perspective to the aetiology of coronoid hyperplasia since it describes its occurrence in monozygotic twins and hence provides a strong argument in support of a genetic aetiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of maxillofacial surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK. sunildixit30@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sunil Dixit
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Khandavilli
authors.affiliation: University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Neeraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pattni
authors.affiliation: Colorectal surgery, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK.
authors.forename: Pradyumna Reddy
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Naredla
authors.affiliation: Department of maxillofacial surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Rhodri
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014313:Trismus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Coronoid hyperplasia; Coronoidectomy; Coronoidotomy; Monozygotic twins; Trismus