title: Association of desaturase activity and C-reactive protein in European children.
abstract: Desaturase enzymes influence the fatty acid (FA) composition of body tissues and their activity affects the conversion rate of saturated to monounsaturated FA and of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) to long-chain PUFA. Desaturase activity has further been shown to be associated with inflammation. We investigate the association between delta-9 (D9D), delta-6 (D6D) and delta-5 desaturase (D5D) activity and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) in young children.
  
  
  
  In the IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants) cohort study children were examined at baseline (T0) and after 2 y (T1). D9D, D6D, and D5D activities were estimated from T0 product-precursor FA ratios. CRP was measured at T0 and T1. In a subsample of 1,943 children with available information on FA, CRP, and covariates, the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of desaturase activity and CRP were analyzed.
  
  
  
  Cross-sectionally, a D9D increase of 0.01 units was associated with a 11% higher risk of having a serum CRP ≥ Percentile 75 (P75) (OR, 99% CI: 1.11 (1.01; 1.22)) whereas D6D and D5D were not associated with CRP. No significant associations were observed between baseline desaturase activity and CRP 2 y later.
  
  
  
  Cross-sectionally, our results indicate a positive association of D9D and CRP independent of weight status. High D9D activity may increase the risk of subclinical inflammation which is associated with metabolic disorders. As D9D expression increases with higher intake of saturated FA and carbohydrates, dietary changes may influence D9D activity and thus CRP. However, it remains to be investigated whether there is a causal relationship between D9D activity and CRP.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Maike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolters
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Börnhorst
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.affiliation: DiSFeB, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Risé
authors.affiliation: DiSFeB, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.affiliation: Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pala
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: Toomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Veidebaum
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tornaritis
authors.affiliation: Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund, Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany.
authors.forename: Arno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fraterman
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Stefaan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Henauw
authors.affiliation: Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenberg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eiben
authors.affiliation: Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenberg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lissner
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health Promotion, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Dénes
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Molnár
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.|Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ahrens
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D005060:Europe; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000097:blood*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000097:blood; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D012016:Reference Values; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
chemical_list: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D005227:Fatty Acids; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase; C029627:delta-9 fatty acid desaturase