title: A study of extracellular vesicle concentration in active diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy.
abstract: It was the aim of this work to determine whether the plasma concentration of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in active diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is connected to the inflammatory markers, temperature elevation in the affected foot and concentration of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). EVs were isolated from peripheral blood of 35 patients with active CN. EVs were counted after repetitive centrifugation and washing of samples, by flow cytometry. Foot temperature was measured by infrared thermometer. Concentration of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found statistically significant correlations of EV concentration (but not soluble RAGE concentration) with C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and with temperature difference between the affected and the contralateral foot (r=0.40, p=0.032; r=0.89, p<10-8, respectively). We provide evidence that the concentration of EVs is related to elevation of markers of inflammation (CRP and foot temperature difference) in acute Diabetic CN. EV-based markers could be considered as a potential aid in early diagnosis of CN.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Štukelj
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Krek
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Vodnikova 62, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lakota
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Vodnikova 62, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sodin-Šemrl
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester and Royal Infirmary, Division of Medicine, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
authors.forename: A J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Boulton
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: veronika.kralj-iglic@fe.uni-lj.si.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kralj-Iglič
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000097:blood; D012881:Skin Temperature
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; C498978:MOK protein, human; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Advanced glycation end products; Charcot neuroarthropathy; Diabetes mellitus; Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles