title: Parental transfer of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate and transgenerational inhibition of growth of zebrafish exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations.
abstract: Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) is a re-emerging environmental contaminant that has been frequently detected at sub-ppb (<μg/L) concentrations in natural waters. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of TDCIPP on growth in initial generation (F0) zebrafish after chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations, and to examine possible parental transfer of TDCIPP and transgenerational effects on growth of first generation (F1) larvae. When zebrafish (1-month old) were exposed to 580 or 7500 ng TDCIPP/L for 240 days, bioconcentration resulted in significantly less growth as measured by body length, body mass, brain-somatic index (BSI) and hepatic-somatic index (HSI) in F0females but not F0males. These effects were possibly due to down-regulation of expression of genes along the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis. Furthermore, residues of TDCIPP were detected in F1eggs after exposure of parents, which resulted in less survival, body length and heart rate in F1individuals. Down-regulation of genes in the GH/IGF axis (e.g., gh, igf1) might be responsible for transgenerational toxicity. This study provides the first known evidence that exposure of zebrafish to environmentally relevant concentrations of TDCIPP during development can inhibit growth of offspring, which were not exposed directly to TDCIPP.
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Liqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
authors.forename: Guanyong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Yongkai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Letcher
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210089, China.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Giesy
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Hunan, Changde 415000, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, China. Electronic address: liuchunshengidid@126.com.
authors.forename: Chunsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005411:Flame Retardants; D010755:Organophosphates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C016805:tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate
keywords: Growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis; Growth inhibition; Parental transfer; TDCIPP; Zebrafish