title: Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Central Kenya before vaccine introduction, 2009-2014.
abstract: Between July 2009 and June 2014, a total of 1,546 fecal specimens were collected from children <5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis admitted to Kiambu County Hospital, Central Kenya. The specimens were screened for group A rotavirus (RVA) using ELISA, and RVA-positive specimens were subjected to semi-nested RT-PCR to determine the G and P genotypes. RVA was detected in 429/1,546 (27.5%) fecal specimens. RVA infections occurred in all age groups <59 months, with an early peak at 6-17 months. The infections persisted year-round with distinct seasonal peaks depending on the year. G1P[8] (28%) was the most predominant genotype, followed by G9P[8] (12%), G8P[4] (7%), G1P[4] (5%), G9P[4] (4%), and G12P[6] (3%). In the yearly change of G and P genotypes, a major shift from G9P[8] to G1P[8] was found in 2012. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the VP7 and VP4 genes of seven strains with unusual G8 or P[6] showed that the VP7 nucleotide sequences of G8 were clustered in lineage 6 in which African strains are included, and that there are at least two distinct VP4 nucleotide sequences of P[6] strains. These results represent basic data on RVA strains circulating in this region before vaccine introduction. J. Med. Virol. 89:809-817, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Center for Microbiology Research, KEMRI, KEMRI-Nagasaki University, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Ernest A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Wandera
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Center for Microbiology Research, KEMRI, KEMRI-Nagasaki University, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Shah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeno
authors.affiliation: Centre for Virus Research, KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nyangao
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Center for Microbiology Research, KEMRI, KEMRI-Nagasaki University, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Cyrus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kathiiko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Center for Microbiology Research, KEMRI, KEMRI-Nagasaki University, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Erick
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Odoyo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Center for Microbiology Research, KEMRI, KEMRI-Nagasaki University, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichinose
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D005838:Genotype; D006766:Hospitals, County; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D012621:Seasons
keywords: Kenya; diversity; genotype; human rotavirus; prevalence