title: Plasma glucose and insulin response to two oral nutrition supplements in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this clinical trial was to compare the glucose usage of two oral nutritional supplement (ONS) products and to assess whether a diabetes-specific formulation provides improved glucose stabilization and management compared with a standard formula.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 12 subjects with type 2 diabetes (7 males and 5 females) completed a randomized, cross-over design trial. Each subject consumed isocaloric amounts of either the standard ONS or the diabetes-specific formula ONS on different dates, 1 week apart. Glucose and insulin measures were recorded at baseline, and 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 min after the beverage was consumed and then used to calculate area under the curve (AUC) for each subject.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean glucose AUC was lower in the diabetes-specific ONS group than in the standard group (p<0.0001), but there was not a significant difference observed for mean insulin AUC (p=0.068). A sensitivity analysis of the mean insulin AUC measures was performed by removing a potential outlier from the analysis, and this resulted in a significant difference between the groups (p=0.012). First-phase insulin measures and an insulinogenic index calculated for the beverages showed no significant differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of the results of this trial of 12 subjects, the diabetes-specific ONS appears to provide better glucose maintenance in persons with type 2 diabetes when compared to the standard formula ONS.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT02612675.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences , Nestle Health Science , Florham Park, New Jersey , USA.
authors.forename: Maureen B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Huhmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences , Nestle Health Science , Florham Park, New Jersey , USA.
authors.forename: Kristen N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Diabetes & Glandular Disease Clinic , San Antonio, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Sherwyn L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Diabetes & Glandular Disease Clinic , San Antonio, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Stacie K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.affiliation: EpidStat Institute , Ann Arbor, Michigan , USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Irvin
authors.affiliation: EpidStat Institute , Ann Arbor, Michigan , USA.
authors.forename: Sarah S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Cohen
keywords: Nutrition; Nutritional Intervention