title: Adenosine A3 receptor elicits chemoresistance mediated by multiple resistance-associated protein-1 in human glioblastoma stem-like cells.
abstract: MRP1 transporter correlates positively with glioma malignancy and the Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR) phenotype in Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). Evidence shows that the MRP1 transporter is controlled by the adenosine signalling axis. The aim of this study was to identify the role of adenosine on the MDR phenotype in Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells (GSCs), the cell population responsible for the tumorigenic and chemoresistance capabilities of this tumour. We found that GSCs have increased intrinsic capacity to generate extracellular adenosine, thus controlling MRP1 transporter expression and activity via activation of the adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR). We showed PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways downstream A3AR to control MRP1 in GSCs. In vitro pharmacological blockade of A3AR had a chemosensitizing effect, enhancing the actions of antitumour drugs and decreasing cell viability and proliferation of GSCs. In addition, we produced an in vivo xenograft model by subcutaneous inoculation of human GSCs in NOD/SCID-IL2Rg null mice. Pharmacological blockade of A3AR generated a chemosensitizing effect, enhancing the effectiveness of the MRP1 transporter substrate, vincristine, reducing tumour size and the levels of CD44 and Nestin stem cell markers as well as the Ki-67 proliferation indicator. In conclusion, we demonstrated the chemosensitizing effect of A3AR blockade on GSCs.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Yosselyn
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
authors.affiliation: Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gleisner
authors.affiliation: Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salazar-Onfray
authors.affiliation: Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Mercedes N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurocirugía, Instituto de Neurocirugía Dr. Asenjo, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Rómulo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oyarzún
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Rody
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: San Martín
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quezada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000502:physiology*; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D043684:Receptor, Adenosine A3 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D043684:Receptor, Adenosine A3; C421109:multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
keywords: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily; adenosine receptors; glioblastoma stem-like cells; multiple drug resistance