title: Three-dimensional evaluation of root dimensions and alveolar ridge width of maxillary lateral incisors in patients with unilateral agenesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this retrospective case-control study was to measure the maxillary lateral incisor root dimensions and quantify the labial and palatal bone in patients with unilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA) after orthodontic treatment and compare them to non-agenesis controls using cone beam computed tomography.
  
  
  METHODS
  The labiopalatal and mesiodistal root dimensions, mesiodistal coronal dimensions, and labiopalatal bone and alveolar ridge widths of the maxillary lateral incisor were assessed on posttreatment cone beam computed tomography scans of 15 patients (mean age 16.5 ± 3.4 years, 9 females and 6 males) with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and 15 gender-matched patients (mean age 16.08 ± 3.23 years) with no dental agenesis or anterior Bolton discrepancy. The Mann-Whitney test was used to distinguish any differences in root width, crown width, or changes in labial or palatal bone width between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median labiopalatal root width was narrower in the MLIA group at the level of the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to 8 mm apical of the CEJ compared to controls (p ≤ 0.009). The mesiodistal root width was significantly reduced in the MLIA group at the CEJ and at 4 mm apical to the CEJ. The labiopalatal alveolar ridge width was significantly decreased at 2 mm apical to the CEJ in MLIA group. The mesiodistal crown width was significantly smaller in the MLIA group at both the incisal edge and at the crown midpoint. The bone thickness was similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronal and root dimensions in patients with MLIA were reduced compared to controls. Alveolar ridge width was also reduced in patients with MLIA, although bone thickness was not different than controls.
authors.affiliation: Private practice Kuwait City, Kuwait; former resident Division of Orthodontics,Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Sharifah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: AlRushaid
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecitcut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Taranpreet
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chandhoke
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Achint
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Utreja
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tadinada
authors.affiliation: College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
authors.forename: Veerasathpurush
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Allareddy
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecitcut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA. Furibe@uchc.edu.
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uribe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000848:Anodontia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007180:Incisor / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods; D010159:Palate / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000379:methods; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D055815:Young Adult