title: Classical chaos in atom-field systems.
abstract: The relation between the onset of chaos and critical phenomena, like quantum phase transitions (QPTs) and excited-state quantum phase transitions (ESQPTs), is analyzed for atom-field systems. While it has been speculated that the onset of hard chaos is associated with ESQPTs based in the resonant case, the off-resonant cases, and a close look at the vicinity of the QPTs in resonance, show clearly that both phenomena, ESQPTs and chaos, respond to different mechanisms. The results are supported in a detailed numerical study of the dynamics of the semiclassical Hamiltonian of the Dicke model. The appearance of chaos is quantified calculating the largest Lyapunov exponent for a wide sample of initial conditions in the whole available phase space for a given energy. The percentage of the available phase space with chaotic trajectories is evaluated as a function of energy and coupling between the qubit and bosonic part, allowing us to obtain maps in the space of coupling and energy, where ergodic properties are observed in the model. Different sets of Hamiltonian parameters are considered, including resonant and off-resonant cases.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-543, Cd. Mx., Mexico, C.P. 04510.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chávez-Carlos
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-543, Cd. Mx., Mexico, C.P. 04510.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bastarrachea-Magnani
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Física, Universidad Veracruzana, Circuito Aguirre Beltrán s/n, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico, C.P. 91000.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lerma-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-543, Cd. Mx., Mexico, C.P. 04510.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hirsch