title: Ce(3+)/Yb(3+)/Er(3+) triply doped bismuth borosilicate glass: a potential fiber material for broadband near-infrared fiber amplifiers.
abstract: Erbium doped bismuth borosilicate (BBS) glasses, possessing the broadest 1.55 μm near infrared (NIR) emission band among oxide glasses, stand out as excellent fiber material for optical fiber amplifiers. In this work, we demonstrate that both broadened and enhanced NIR emission of Er(3+) can be obtained by sensibly combining the effects such as mixed glass former effect, phonon-assisted energy transfer (PAET) and de-excitation effect induced by codopant. Specially, by codoping CeO2 in a controlled manner, it leads to not only much improved optical quality of the glasses, enhanced NIR emission, but also significantly suppressed energy transfer up-conversion (ETU) luminescence which is detrimental to the NIR emission. Cerium incorporated in the glasses exists overwhelmingly as the trivalent oxidation state Ce(3+) and its effects on the luminescence properties of Er(3+) are discussed. Judd-Ofelt analysis is used to evaluate gain amplification of the glasses. The result indicates that Ce(3+)/Yb(3+)/Er(3+) triply doped BBS glasses are promising candidate for erbium doped fiber amplifiers. The strategy described here can be readily extended to other rare-earth ions (REs) to improve the performance of REs doped fiber lasers and amplifiers.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Yushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Photonics &Optical Communications, School of Electrical Engineering &Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Gangding
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Libo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan