title: Novel insights and therapeutic interventions for pediatric osteosarcoma.
abstract: High-grade osteosarcomas are the most common primary malignant tumors of bone. With complete surgical resection and multi-agent chemotherapy up to 70% of patients with high-grade osteosarcomas and localized extremity tumors can become long-term survivors. The prognosis, however, is poor for patients with nonresectable, primary metastatic or relapsed disease. Outcome is essentially unchanged for three decades. Herein, we describe selected novel insights into the genomics, biology and immunology of the disease and discuss selected strategies, which hold promise to overcome the current stagnation in the therapeutic success in childhood osteosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.|Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kager
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.|Clinic of Chemotherapy, Muratsan Hospital Complex of Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.
authors.forename: Gevorg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tamamyan
authors.affiliation: Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Pediatrics 5 - Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bielack
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019468:Disease Management; D014644:Genetic Variation; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
keywords: genomics; immunotherapy; novel therapy; orphan disease; osteosarcoma; outcome; pediatrics; sarcoma; targeted therapy