title: Effects of Ketamine on Metabolomics of Serum and Urine in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis).
abstract: In this study, a metabolomics approach based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and pertinent multivariate data analyses was used to evaluate the effect of ketamine on metabolic markers in cynomolgus macaques. Principal component analysis and orthogonal projection to latent structure with discriminant analysis showed that ketamine (10 mg/kg) induced metabolic perturbations. Compared with the control group, ketamine-treated macaques had lower serum levels of α-glucose, myoinositol, lactate and succinate and lower urine levels of pyruvate and lactate. In contrast, the levels of leucine in serum and arginine in urine were significantly higher in the ketamine group. Our results also demonstrated that a single injection of ketamine influenced the major energy and amino acid metabolic pathways in cynomolgus macaques. Our study suggests that these influences should be considered in the design of experiments and the interpretation related blood and urine data from ketamine-sedated cynomolgus macaques.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China; National Shanghai Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation & Research, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: National Shanghai Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation & Research, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiancheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiehua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Congli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: National Shanghai Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation & Research, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: National Shanghai Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation & Research, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China. hxg@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiuguo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D055432:Metabolomics; D025341:Principal Component Analysis
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D007649:Ketamine