title: Recurrent Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source in a Patient with Extreme Lipoprotein(a) Levels.
abstract: Lipoprotein(a) is a plasma lipoprotein and known cardiovascular risk factor, most recently implicated in the development of high-risk carotid atherosclerotic plaques without significant carotid stenosis. We present a case of a young African-American female with recurrent embolic strokes of undetermined source. After our thorough investigation, we identified the link between a small, irregular plaque in the right internal carotid artery, and an extremely elevated plasma level of lipoprotein(a) as the source of her embolic strokes.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine, University of Chicago - NorthShore University Health System , Evanston, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Zachary
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bulwa
authors.affiliation: Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Karandeep
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA; Internal Medicine, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kantorovich
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine, Advocate Christ Medical Center , Chicago, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Faten
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suhail
keywords: carotid atherosclerosis; carotid stenting; cryptogenic stroke; embolic stroke of undetermined source; lipoprotein(a); stroke