title: Pregnancy history and blood-borne microvesicles in middle aged women with and without coronary artery calcification.
abstract: Having a history of preeclampsia increases the risk for future coronary artery calcification (CAC). This study evaluated the association of blood-borne, cell-derived microvesicles (MV) with CAC in middle-aged women.
  
  
  
  Twelve pre-selected, antigen-specific MV were measured by digital flow cytometry in the blood of age- and parity-matched women (median age 60 years) without a history of cardiovascular events, but with either a history of preeclampsia (PE, n = 39) or normotensive pregnancy (NP, n = 40). CAC was determined by computed tomography.
  
  
  
  CAC scores ranged from 0 to 47 and 0-602 Agatston Units in the NP and PE groups, respectively. Waist circumference and insulin resistance were greatest in PE women with CAC. MV positive for tissue factor or stem/progenitor cell antigen (CD117) differed between NP and PE groups. In univariate analysis, those positive for tissue factor, ICAM-1, stem cells, and adipocytes (P16-set) antigens associated with CAC in the PE group. Principal components (PC) analysis reduced the MV variables to three independent dimensions. PC1 showed a modest correlation with CAC scores in the PE group (ρ = 0.31, p = 0.06) and associated with CAC in a multivariable model on pooled groups that included all 3 PC variables when adjusted for pregnancy status (p = 0.03). The association was lost when corrected for body mass index or waist circumference.
  
  
  
  In women with a history of PE and elevated metabolic risk profile, a group of specific antigen-positive MV associated with CAC. These MV may reflect cellular processes associated with CAC. Their diagnostic potential for CAC remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Virginia M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: General Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Vesna D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Garovic
authors.affiliation: Health Sciences Research, Divisions of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Kent R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: Health Sciences Research, Divisions of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Lahr
authors.affiliation: Health Sciences Research, Divisions of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mielke
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Wendy M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Electronic address: jaya.m@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Muthuvel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jayachandran
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002114:Calcinosis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism*; D003029:Coagulants / Q000737:chemistry; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008875:Middle Aged; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D017584:Reproductive History; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D003029:Coagulants
keywords: Extracellular vesicles; Glucose; Hypertension; Insulin; Microparticles