title: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Preclinical Efficacy of a Novel Paclitaxel-Loaded Alginate Nanoparticle for Breast Cancer Treatment.
abstract: Purpose. The antitumor activity of a novel alginate (ALG) polymer-based particle that contained paclitaxel (PTX) was evaluated using human primary breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods. PTX was combined with ALG in a nanoparticle as a drug delivery system designed to improve breast cancer tumor cell killing. PTX-ALG nanoparticles were first synthesized by nanoemulsification polymer cross-linking methods that improved the aqueous solubility. Structural and biophysical properties of the PTX-ALG nanoparticles were then determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fluorescence. The effect on cell cycle progression and apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. Results. PTX-ALG nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by ultraviolet (UV)/visible (VIS), HPLC fluorescence, and TEM. PTX-ALG nanoparticles demonstrated increased hydrophobicity and solubility over PTX alone. Synthetically engineered PTX-ALG nanoparticles promoted cell-cycle arrest, reduced viability, and induced apoptosis in human primary patient breast cancer cells superior to those of PTX alone. Conclusion. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PTX-ALG nanoparticles represent an innovative, nanoscale delivery system for the administration of anticancer agents that may avoid the adverse toxicities with enhanced antitumor effects to improve the treatment of breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Markeb
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nagwa A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: El-Maali
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Douaa M
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4083-3942
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sayed
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amany
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osama
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; The Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Mohamed A Y
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6258-6428
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abdel-Malek
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amen H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mostafa E A
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Elwanis
authors.affiliation: The Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: James J
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8364-0617
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Driscoll