title: Phylogenetic placement of two species known only from resting spores: Zoophthora independentia sp. nov. and Z. porteri comb nov. (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae).
abstract: Molecular methods were used to determine the generic placement of two species of Entomophthorales known only from resting spores. Historically, these species would belong in the form-genus Tarichium, but this classification provides no information about phylogenetic relationships. Using DNA from resting spores, Zoophthora independentia, infecting Tipula (Lunatipula) submaculata in New York State, is now described as a new species and Tarichium porteri, described in 1942, which infects Tipula (Triplicitipula) colei in Tennessee, is transferred to the genus Zoophthora. We have shown that use of molecular methods can assist with determination of the phylogenetic relations of specimens within the form-genus Tarichium for an already described species and a new species for which only resting spores are available.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA. Electronic address: aeh4@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Hajek
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
authors.forename: Andrii
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gryganskyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA.
authors.forename: Tonya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bittner
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA.
authors.forename: James K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Liebherr
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liebherr
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark.
authors.forename: Annette Bruun
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Moulton
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Robert W. Holley Center, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853-2901, USA.
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Humber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004175:Diptera / Q000469:parasitology*; D004773:Entomophthora / Q000235:genetics*; D020091:Entomophthorales / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013172:Spores, Fungal; D020096:Zygomycosis / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal
keywords: Entomopathogenic fungi; Entomophthorales; Resting spores; Tipula