title: Association between floating toe and toe grip strength in school age children: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: [Purpose] This study investigated the association between floating toe and toe grip strength. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 635 Japanese children aged 9-11 years participated in this study. Floating toe was evaluated using footprint images, while toe grip strength was measured using a toe grip dynamometer. All 1,270 feet were classified into a floating toe group and a normal toe group according to visual evaluation of the footprint images. Intergroup differences in toe grip strength were analyzed using the unpaired t-test and logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, and Rohrer Index. [Results] There were 512 feet (40.3%) in the floating toe group. Mean toe grip strength of the feet with floating toe was significantly lower than that of normal feet (floating toe group, 12.9 ± 3.7 kg; normal toe group, 13.6 ± 4.1 kg). In addition, lower toe grip strength was associated with floating toe on logistic regression analysis after adjustment for age, gender, and Rohrer Index (odds ratio, 0.954; 95% confidence interval, 0.925-0.984). [Conclusion] This study revealed that lower toe grip strength was significantly associated with floating toe. Therefore, increasing toe grip strength may play a role in preventing floating toe in school age children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Seishiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tasaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology, Japan.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishiguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukutani
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidehiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirooka
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuma
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hinako
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Moe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomofumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoyama
keywords: Floating toe; School age children; Toe grip strength