title: Surgical Management of Aneurysmal Hematomas: Prognostic Factors and Outcome.
abstract: From 1991 until 2013, 304 patients with intracranial hematomas from aneurysmal rupture were managed surgically in our department, constituting 17 % of all patients with aneurysmal rupture. Of them, 242 patents presented with isolated intracerebral hematomas (in 69 cases associated with significant intraventricular hemorrhage), 50 patients presented with combined intracerebral and subdural hematomas (in 11 cases associated with significant intraventricular hemorrhage), and 12 presented with an isolated subdural hematoma. The surgical procedure consisted of simultaneous clipping of the aneurysm and evacuation of the hematoma in all cases. After surgery, 16 patients (5 %) submitted to an additional decompressive hemicraniectomy, and 66 patients (21 %) submitted to a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Clinical outcomes were assessed at discharge and at 6 months, using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS); a favorable outcome (mRS 0-2) was observed in 10 % of the cases at discharge, increasing to 31 % at 6 months; 6-month mortality was 40 %. Applying uni- and multivariate analysis, the following risk factors were associated with a significantly worse outcome: age >60; preoperative Hunt-Hess grades IV-V; pupillary mydriasis (only on univariate); midline shift >10 mm; hematoma volume >30 cc; and the presence of hemocephalus (i.e., packed intraventricular hemorrhage). Based on these results, an aggressive surgical treatment should be adopted for most cases with aneurysmal hematomas, excluding patients with bilateral mydriasis persisting after rescue therapy.
authors.affiliation: Section of Vascular Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurosurgery, University and City Hospital, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37128, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meneghelli
authors.affiliation: Section of Vascular Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurosurgery, University and City Hospital, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37128, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cozzi
authors.affiliation: Section of Vascular Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurosurgery, University and City Hospital, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37128, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hasanbelliu
authors.affiliation: Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University and City Hospital, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.affiliation: Section of Vascular Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurosurgery, University and City Hospital, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37128, Verona, Italy. alberto.pasqualinvr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasqualin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D056424:Decompressive Craniectomy; D057510:Endovascular Procedures; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D046648:Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015878:Mydriasis / Q000209:etiology; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt; D055815:Young Adult