title: Transplantation of allogenic chondrocytes with chitosan hydrogel-demineralized bone matrix hybrid scaffold to repair rabbit cartilage injury.
abstract: Cartilage tissue engineering is the hotspot of cartilage repair. The allogenic chondrocytes appear to be a promising source of seed cells in cartilage tissue engineering. In this study, we aimed to transplant allogenic chondrocytes with chitosan hydrogel (CS)-demineralized bone matrix (DBM) hybrid scaffold (CS/DBM) to repair rabbit cartilage injury with one-step operation. After the CS/DBM scaffold was successfully fabricated, it showed that the porous CS filled the large pores of DBM, which improved the distribution of seed cells in the CS/DBM scaffold. The allogenic chondrocytes at second passage were transplanted with different scaffolds to repair rabbit cartilage injury. Twenty-four weeks after surgery, the cartilage defect in the CS/DBM group was successfully filled as shown by MRI. Moreover, the histological score of CS/DBM group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. On the aspect of biomechanical property, the regenerated cartilage in the CS/DBM group were superior to those in the other groups as determined by nanoindentation. Meanwhile, no obvious inflammatory response was observed after the transplantation of allogenic chondrocytes at 24 weeks post-surgery. Furtherly, gene expression profile for cells within the repair tissue was compared with the allogenic chondrocytes before transplantation using Agilent microarray and RT-qPCR. The results showed that some genes beneficial to cartilage regeneration, such as BMP-7, HGF, and IGF-1, were upregulated one month after transplantation. Consequently, our study demonstrated that the transplantation of allogenic chondrocytes with CS/DBM scaffold successfully repaired rabbit cartilage injury with only one-step operation, thereby providing new insights into cartilage tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China; Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhentao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Man
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhenlong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongjie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qingyang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Linghui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: chunyanzhou@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: yingfang.ao@vip.sina.com.
authors.forename: Yingfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018775:Bone Demineralization Technique / Q000379:methods; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D050724:Fractures, Cartilage / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020100:Hydrogels; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Allogenic chondrocytes; Cartilage; Chitosan; Decalcified bone matrix; Tissue engineering