title: Exercise raises high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in men after consumption of ground beef with a high but not low monounsaturated fatty acid-saturated fatty acid ratio.
abstract: Exercise and diets with higher monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA):saturated fatty acid (SFA) ratios are independently linked to improved blood lipid profiles, yet interactive effects in men have not been studied. We hypothesized that dietary ground beef with a high MUFA:SFA ratio (HR = 1.1) would augment the beneficial changes in the lipid profile induced by exercise compared to dietary ground beef with a lower MUFA:SFA ratio (LR = 0.71). Untrained men (n = 13, age = 35 ± 12 y, weight = 91.4 ± 14.2 kg, body mass index = 27.8 ± 3.3kg/m(2)) consumed 5 HR or LR 114 g ground beef patties weekly for 5 weeks (random order) interspersed with a 4-week self-selected (SS) washout diet. One session of exercise (70% VO2max, 1675 kJ) was completed at the end of HR and LR diets, and again after a 5-week SS diet. Diets and physical activity were otherwise not controlled. Fasting blood samples for lipid and lipoprotein analyses were obtained 30 min before and 24 h after exercise. Subjects reported no other changes in diets or physical activity patterns, and body weight and body mass index did not change over the study duration. Diet (3) × Exercise Time (2) repeated measures analysis of variance (α = .05) and follow-up analyses revealed that blood concentrations (mmol/L ± SD) of total cholesterol (5.07 ± 1.16 to 5.73 ± 1.36), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.19 ± 0.20 to 1.36 ± 0.29), HDL2-C (0.24 ± 0.08 to 0.28 ± 0.11), HDL3-C (0.94 ± 0.14 to 1.08 ± 0.20), and non-HDL-C (3.88 ± 1.24 to 4.37 ± 1.38) were significantly elevated with exercise after the HR beef diet, but not after LR and SS diets. Thus, in healthy, untrained men the dietary beef MUFA:SFA ratio affects the blood lipid response to a single session of aerobic exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX. Electronic address: s-crouse@tamu.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Crouse
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Baylor Scott and White Clinic, College Station, TX.
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.forename: Dana R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D000069466:Red Meat / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D008074:Lipoproteins; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Blood lipids; Fatty acids; Ground beef; Heart disease; Physical activity