title: Developmental ability of embryos produced from oocytes with fragile oolemma by intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of oocytes with a fragile oolemma (fragile oocytes), breakage can occur at injection. In this study, we produced embryos from oocytes with a fragile and normal oolemma (normal oocytes) by ICSI and compared their ability to be fertilized and develop in vitro. We also investigated whether fragile oocyte-derived embryos could implant after blastocyst transfer to determine whether fragile oocytes should be used for assisted reproductive technology treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oocytes were divided into three groups-normal oocytes from cycles containing no fragile oocytes (group A), normal oocytes from cycles containing at least one fragile oocyte (group B), and fragile oocytes (group C), and their fertilization abilities after ICSI and the developmental abilities of resultant embryos were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fertilization rate in group C (65.3 %) was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than those in groups A (84.6 %) and B (86.9 %), and the degeneration rate in group C (24.2 %) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than those in groups A (0.71 %) and B (0.28 %). However, there were no significant differences in the blastocyst formation rates (59.7-67.5 %) of embryos among the different groups. In addition, the pregnancy rate after transfer of blastocysts in group C (50.0 %) was not significantly different from those in groups A (35.6 %) and B (45.8 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fertilization ability after ICSI of fragile oocytes is lower than that of normal oocytes but the resultant embryos have the same developmental ability as those of normal oocyte-derived embryos.
authors.affiliation: Aiiku Ladies Clinic, 1-40-2 Komatsubara, Kagoshima, 891-0114, Japan. lca.aiiku.lab.3f@gmail.com.|The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan. lca.aiiku.lab.3f@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yamato
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizobe
authors.affiliation: Aiiku Ladies Clinic, 1-40-2 Komatsubara, Kagoshima, 891-0114, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oya
authors.affiliation: Aiiku Ladies Clinic, 1-40-2 Komatsubara, Kagoshima, 891-0114, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iwakiri
authors.affiliation: Aiiku Ladies Clinic, 1-40-2 Komatsubara, Kagoshima, 891-0114, Japan.
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Aiiku Ladies Clinic, 1-40-2 Komatsubara, Kagoshima, 891-0114, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Aiiku Ladies Clinic, 1-40-2 Komatsubara, Kagoshima, 891-0114, Japan.
authors.forename: Nanase
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Onoue
authors.affiliation: The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuchika
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.affiliation: Aiiku Ladies Clinic, 1-40-2 Komatsubara, Kagoshima, 891-0114, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.affiliation: Aiiku Ladies Clinic, 1-40-2 Komatsubara, Kagoshima, 891-0114, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ezono
mesh_terms: D001755:Blastocyst; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes / Q000254:growth & development*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic
keywords: Embryo; In vitro fertilization; Intracytoplasmic sperm injection; Oocyte plasma membrane; Oolemma; Time-lapse incubator