title: Classifying amygdala kindling stages using quantitative assessments of extracellular recording of EEG in rats.
abstract: Determining different seizure stage specific features in a kindling model is a crucial step in developing efficient objective techniques for early prediction and treatment of seizures. This study identified and categorized kindling stages based on their electrophysiological features through processing extracellular field potentials of Amygdala rapid kindling.
  
  
  
  Thirteen Wistar rats (200±10g) were divided into 2 groups including kindle (n=7) and sham (n=6) and respectively underwent an amygdala rapid kindling and placebo stimulation. EEG signals in each stage were classified into 7 bands: delta (0-4Hz), theta (4-8Hz), alpha (8-12Hz), low beta (12-16Hz), mid beta (16-20Hz), high beta (20-28Hz) and gamma (28-40Hz). Spectral power and power of sub bands of stage 3 (localized seizure stage (SS)) and stages 4 and 5 (generalized SSs) were compared between kindling and sham groups.
  
  
  
  Spectral analyses showed larger spikes in delta and theta subbands in the stages of 3, 4, and 5 of kindling, compared with sham animals. Generalized SSs contained more spikes than the localized SS in the kindling. Kindling process was accompanied by reduction in high beta and gamma oscillations and increase in delta sub band power which were significant in the generalized SSs. The theta/alpha ratio in the localized SS was higher than the generalized SSs and sham group, but the difference with the sham group was statistically significant.
  
  
  
  Our results showed that reduced high beta and gamma and increased delta oscillations power are associated with behavioral seizure progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jalilifar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Electronic address: yadollahpour.a@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yadollahpour
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Moazedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ghotbeddin
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D000069280:Electrocorticography; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
keywords: Categorizing; Electroencephalogram; Kindling; Spectral power