title: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality by Helicopter Rescue Swimmers While Flying.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to assess the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality by helicopter rescue swimmers (HRSs) while flying.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty HRSs from the Spanish Maritime Safety took part in this study. The research protocol included 2 phases: a baseline test (5 minutes of CPR on land) and a challenge test (5 minutes of CPR on a Sikorsky S-61N helicopter in-flight). A Laerdal Resusci Anne mannequin with Laerdal PC Skill Reporting (Stavanger, Norway) was used to register CPR variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CPR quality on land versus in-flight was not significantly different. The mean chest compression (CC) depth (52.6 mm on land vs. 51.9 mm in-flight) was inside the recommended range, but mean CC rate (133 vs. 132 per minute), tidal volume (752 vs. 888 mL), and hands-off time (9 per cycle in both tests) were above the 2015 recommended goal. Incomplete chest re-expansion was observed in 19% of on land and 26% in-flight CCs. CPR quality was maintained throughout the 5-minute challenges.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HRSs are able to perform CPR in a flying helicopter with similar quality to CPR on land. They need additional training to avoid excessive CC rates, tidal volumes, and hands-off times and to permit chest re-expansion.
authors.affiliation: University School of Health Sciences, European Atlantic University, Santander, Spain; CLINURSID Research Group, Departamento de Enfermería, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. Electronic address: cristian.abelairas@uneatlantico.es.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abelairas-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Helicopter Rescue Swimmer of Spanish Maritime Safety Agency, Spain; University School of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vázquez-González
authors.affiliation: University School of Education, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: López-García
authors.affiliation: University School of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palacios-Aguilar
authors.affiliation: University School of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Padrón-Cabo
authors.affiliation: CLINURSID Research Group, Departamento de Enfermería, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Nursing School, Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Division, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Institute of Research of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; SAMID Network, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Núñez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017732:Air Ambulances; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000592:standards*; D006282:Health Personnel; D006336:Heart Massage / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000592:standards*; D013030:Spain