title: Using an Artificial Neural Bypass to Restore Cortical Control of Rhythmic Movements in a Human with Quadriplegia.
abstract: Neuroprosthetic technology has been used to restore cortical control of discrete (non-rhythmic) hand movements in a paralyzed person. However, cortical control of rhythmic movements which originate in the brain but are coordinated by Central Pattern Generator (CPG) neural networks in the spinal cord has not been demonstrated previously. Here we show a demonstration of an artificial neural bypass technology that decodes cortical activity and emulates spinal cord CPG function allowing volitional rhythmic hand movement. The technology uses a combination of signals recorded from the brain, machine-learning algorithms to decode the signals, a numerical model of CPG network, and a neuromuscular electrical stimulation system to evoke rhythmic movements. Using the neural bypass, a quadriplegic participant was able to initiate, sustain, and switch between rhythmic and discrete finger movements, using his thoughts alone. These results have implications in advancing neuroprosthetic technology to restore complex movements in people living with paralysis.
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices and Neuromodulation, Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Advanced Analytics and Health Research, Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH, 4320, USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Friedenberg
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices and Neuromodulation, Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Annetta
authors.affiliation: Energy Systems, Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Glenn
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuromodulation, The Ohio State University, 480 Medical Center Dr, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.|Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, 480 Medical Center Dr, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Marcie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bockbrader
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices and Neuromodulation, Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
authors.forename: Connor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Majstorovic
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices and Neuromodulation, Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Domas
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuromodulation, The Ohio State University, 480 Medical Center Dr, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.|Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, 480 Medical Center Dr, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
authors.forename: W Jerry
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Mysiw
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuromodulation, The Ohio State University, 480 Medical Center Dr, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.|Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, 410 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezai
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices and Neuromodulation, Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
authors.forename: Chad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouton