title: Evaluating Bone Health in Egyptian Children with Forearm Fractures: A Case Control Study.
abstract: Objective. To determine the likelihood of vitamin D deficiency and low bone mineral density in Egyptian children with forearm fractures. Methods. A case control study of 46 children aged 3 to 10 years with or without forearm fractures. Validated questionnaires were used to assess calcium and vitamin D intake as well as sun exposure. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D were collected. Bone mineral density was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results. Compared to the Control group, calcium and vitamin D intake was lower in the Cases group (p = 0.03). Cases had higher Body Mass Index than Controls, p = 0.01. Children in the Cases group had lower mean serum calcium values 8.3 ± 1.4 compared to 9.3 ± 1.1 in Controls (p = 0.01). Alkaline phosphatase was higher in Cases 265 ± 65.8 than Controls 226 ± 54.6 (p = 0.03). Vitamin D and bone mineral density scores were significantly lower in the Cases group (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Our data shows an increased rate of vitamin D deficiency and decreased bone mineral density in Egyptian children with forearm fractures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ain Shams University Medical School, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abeer
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3879-9746
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Sakka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8547-6547
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Penon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ain Shams University Medical School, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Adham
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0101-3634
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hegazy
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Salwa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elbatrawy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ain Shams University Medical School, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gobashy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreira