title: Dietary Resistant Starch Supplementation Increases High-Density Lipoprotein Particle Number in Pigs Fed a Western Diet.
abstract: Resistant starch (RS) has been well characterized for its glycemic control properties; however, there is little consensus regarding the influence of RS on blood lipid concentrations and lipoprotein distribution and size. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the effect of daily RS supplementation in a controlled capsule delivery on biomarkers of cardiovascular (blood lipids, lipoproteins) and diabetes (glucose, insulin) risk in a pig model. Twelve 8-week-old male Yorkshire pigs were placed on a synthetic Western diet and randomly divided into two groups (n = 6/group) for 30 days: (1) a placebo group supplemented with capsules containing unmodified pre-gelatinized potato starch (0 g/RS/day); and (2) an RS group supplemented with capsules containing resistant potato starch (10 g/RS/day). Serum lipids including total-cholesterol (C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides did not differ (p > 0.05) between the RS and placebo groups. Although the total numbers of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles were similar (p > 0.05) between the two groups, total high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were higher (+28%, p < 0.05) in the RS group compared with placebo, resulting from an increase (p < 0.05) in the small HDL subclass particles (+32%). Compared with the placebo group, RS supplementation lowered (p < 0.05) fasting serum glucose (-20%) and improved (p < 0.05) insulin resistance as estimated by Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) without a change in insulin. Additionally, total serum glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) was higher (+141%, p < 0.05) following RS supplementation compared with placebo. This data suggests that in addition to the more well-characterized effect of RS intake in lowering blood glucose and improving insulin sensitivity, the consumption of RS may be beneficial in lipid management strategies by enhancing total HDL particle number.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Todd C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Rideout
authors.affiliation: b Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division , King's College London , London , United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Scott V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Harding
authors.affiliation: a Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raslawsky
authors.affiliation: c Department of Food Science, Richardson Centre for Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Canada.|d Canola Council of Canada , Winnipeg , Canada.
authors.forename: Curtis B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Rempel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D066273:Diet, Western; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013552:Swine; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D013213:Starch
keywords: glucose; lipoproteins; pigs; resistant starch