title: Lack of Effects of a Single High-Fat Meal Enriched with Vegetable n-3 or a Combination of Vegetable and Marine n-3 Fatty Acids on Intestinal Peptide Release and Adipokines in Healthy Female Subjects.
abstract: Peptides released from the small intestine and colon regulate short-term food intake by suppressing appetite and inducing satiety. Intake of marine omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs) from fish and fish oils is associated with beneficial health effects, whereas the relation between intake of the vegetable n-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid and diseases is less clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the postprandial effects of a single high-fat meal enriched with vegetable n-3 or a combination of vegetable and marine n-3 FAs with their different unsaturated fatty acid composition on intestinal peptide release and the adipose tissue. Fourteen healthy lean females consumed three test meals with different fat quality in a fixed order. The test meal consisted of three cakes enriched with coconut fat, linseed oil, and a combination of linseed and cod liver oil. The test days were separated by 2 weeks. Fasting and postprandial blood samples at 3 and 6 h after intake were analyzed. A significant postprandial effect was observed for cholecystokinin, peptide YY, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, amylin and insulin, which increased, while leptin decreased postprandially independent of the fat composition in the high-fat meal. In conclusion, in healthy, young, lean females, an intake of a high-fat meal enriched with n-3 FAs from different origin stimulates intestinal peptide release without any difference between the different fat compositions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Ingunn
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Narverud
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Mari C W
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Myhrstad
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, Oulu University Medical School, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Herzig
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, Oulu University Medical School, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karhu
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Tuva B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Dahl
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Halvorsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Stine M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ulven
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway; National Advisory Unit for Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Kirsten B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Holven
keywords: adipokines; eicosapentaenoic acid; high marine and vegetable fat meal; human; intestinal peptides; α-linolenic acid