title: Plant-produced biopharmaceuticals: A case of technical developments driving clinical deployment.
abstract: The ability to express heterologous proteins in plants has led to the concept of using plants as "bioreactors" or "biofactories" for the production of pharmaceutical proteins. Although initial studies were promising, the pathway to commercialization and deployment in a clinical setting has proven to be a somewhat rocky road. This Review examines the technical developments that have led to the current increase in interest in the use of plants for the production of pharmaceutical proteins, particularly in the context of clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK. george.lomonossoff@jic.ac.uk.
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Lomonossoff
authors.affiliation: Medicago, 1020 Route de l'Église, Bureau 600, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 3V9, Canada.
authors.forename: Marc-André
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: D'Aoust
mesh_terms: D001688:Biological Products / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D019149:Bioreactors; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014612:Vaccines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014612:Vaccines