title: Cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette vaping patterns as a function of e-cigarette flavourings.
abstract: The present study examined the influence of flavouring on the smoking and vaping behaviour of cigarette smokers asked to adopt e-cigarettes for a period of 6 weeks.
  
  
  
  Participants were 88 current male and female smokers with no intention to stop smoking, but who agreed to substitute e-cigarettes for their current cigarettes. On intake, participants were administered tests of taste and smell for e-cigarettes flavoured with tobacco, menthol, cherry and chocolate, and were given a refillable e-cigarette of their preferred flavour or a control flavour. Participants completed daily logs of cigarette and e-cigarette use and were followed each week.
  
  
  
  Analyses over days indicated that, during the 6-week e-cigarette period, cigarette smoking rates dropped from an average of about 16 to about 7 cigarettes/day. e-Cigarette flavour had a significant effect such that the largest drop in cigarette smoking occurred among those assigned menthol e-cigarettes, and the smallest drop in smoking occurred among those assigned chocolate and cherry flavours. e-Cigarette vaping rates also differed significantly by flavour assigned, with the highest vaping rates for tobacco- and cherry-flavoured e-cigarettes, and the lowest rates for those assigned to chocolate.
  
  
  
  The findings suggest that adoption of e-cigarettes in smokers may influence smoking rates and that e-cigarette flavourings can moderate this effect. e-Cigarette vaping rates are also influenced by flavourings. These findings may have implications for the utility of e-cigarettes as a nicotine replacement device and for the regulation of flavourings in e-cigarettes for harm reduction.
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Litt
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oncken
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000073865:Cigarette Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D005421:Flavoring Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D040261:Harm Reduction; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000074285:Smokers / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods; D062789:Tobacco Products; D000072137:Vaping / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005421:Flavoring Agents
keywords: Addiction; Harm Reduction; Non-cigarette tobacco products