title: Alterations in Cardiomyocyte Differentiation-Related Proteins in Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exposed to Hypoxia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is known that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can have variable responses to hypoxic conditions and that hypoxia may specifically stimulate differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic, or adipogenic cells. Based on our previous study, we hypothesized that hypoxia may also induce MSC differentiation into cardiomyocytes and/or cells with comparable phenotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The differences in the proteomes were specifically investigated in bone marrow-derived rat MSCs (BM-rMSCs) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions using 2-DE combined with a MALDI-TOF-MS analysis and western blot analysis. In addition, genetic and/or proteomic interactions were assessed using a String network analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 35 markedly changed spots from a total of 393 matched spots, 24 were highly up-regulated and 11 were significantly down-regulated in hypoxic rMSCs based on a proteomic analysis. Although hypoxia failed to induce the direct differentiation of rMSCs into cardiomyocytes, several cardiomyocyte differentiation-related genes and proteins were significantly increased by hypoxic stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that BM-rMSCs alter their expression of several cardiomyocyte differentiation-related genes and proteins under hypoxic conditions, and we examined the interactions between these genes and/or proteins, providing new insights for the applicability of MSCs preconditioned by hypoxic stimulation for use in cardiac diseases.
authors.affiliation: Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kyung-Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang Youn
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jiyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyang-Hee
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Kyu Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Eunhyun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Soyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Seahyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki-Chul
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome