title: The Effect of Temperature on Microtubule-Based Transport by Cytoplasmic Dynein and Kinesin-1 Motors.
abstract: Cytoplasmic dynein and kinesin are both microtubule-based molecular motors but are structurally and evolutionarily unrelated. Under standard conditions, both move with comparable unloaded velocities toward either the microtubule minus (dynein) or plus (most kinesins) end. This similarity is important because it is often implicitly incorporated into models that examine the balance of cargo fluxes in cells and into models of the bidirectional motility of individual cargos. We examined whether this similarity is a robust feature, and specifically whether it persists across the biologically relevant temperature range. The velocity of mammalian cytoplasmic dynein, but not of mammalian kinesin-1, exhibited a break from simple Arrhenius behavior below 15°C-just above the restrictive temperature of mammalian fast axonal transport. In contrast, the velocity of yeast cytoplasmic dynein showed a break from Arrhenius behavior at a lower temperature (∼8°C). Our studies implicate cytoplasmic dynein as a more thermally tunable motor and therefore a potential thermal regulator of microtubule-based transport. Our theoretical analysis further suggests that motor velocity changes can lead to qualitative changes in individual cargo motion and hence net intracellular cargo fluxes. We propose that temperature can potentially be used as a noninvasive probe of intracellular transport.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Weili
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Anjneya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takshak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Olaolu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Osunbayo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Ambarish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kunwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Electronic address: vershinin@physics.utah.edu.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vershinin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D056445:Cytoplasmic Dyneins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D016547:Kinesins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D052898:Optical Tweezers; D051381:Rats; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013269:Stochastic Processes; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D056445:Cytoplasmic Dyneins; D016547:Kinesins