title: Reversible Deactivation of Enzymes by Redox-Responsive Nanogel Carriers.
abstract: Novel redox-responsive polymeric nanogels that allow highly efficient enzyme encapsulation and reversible modulation of enzyme activity are developed. The nanogel synthesis and encapsulation of enzyme are performed simultaneously via in situ crosslinking of pyridyldisulfide-functionalized water-soluble reactive copolymers, which are synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer copolymerization. Obtained nanogels with loaded cellulase demonstrate very good colloidal stability in aqueous solutions. The enzymatic activity of cellulase is greatly reduced when encapsulated in the nanogels and rapidly recovered in 10 × 10-3m dithiothreitol solution. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based experiments indicate that the recovered enzymatic activity is mainly ascribed to the release of the enzyme due to the degradation of the disulfide crosslinking network after addition of dithiothreitol (DTT), instead of the enhanced substrate transport rate. The developed enzyme immobilization method opens new possibilities for reversible activation/deactivation of enzymes and opens up new directions for targeted protein therapy and biotechnology applications.
authors.affiliation: Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.|DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rübsam
authors.affiliation: DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jakob
authors.affiliation: DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pazdzior
authors.affiliation: DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.|Institute for Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schwaneberg
authors.affiliation: Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany. pich@dwi.rwth-aachen.de.|DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany. pich@dwi.rwth-aachen.de.
authors.forename: Andrij
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pich
mesh_terms: D002480:Cellulase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D000080385:Nanogels; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000080385:Nanogels; D011108:Polymers; C413692:polyethylene glycol polyethyleneimine nanogel; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; D002480:Cellulase
keywords: FRET; deactivation; encapsulation; enzymes; nanogels