title: Tuberculosis in Jails and Prisons: United States, 2002-2013.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe cases and estimate the annual incidence of tuberculosis in correctional facilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 2002 to 2013 National Tuberculosis Surveillance System case reports to characterize individuals who were employed or incarcerated in correctional facilities at time they were diagnosed with tuberculosis. Incidence was estimated with Bureau of Justice Statistics denominators.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 299 correctional employees with tuberculosis, 171 (57%) were US-born and 82 (27%) were female. Among 5579 persons incarcerated at the time of their tuberculosis diagnosis, 2520 (45%) were US-born and 495 (9%) were female. Median estimated annual tuberculosis incidence rates were 29 cases per 100 000 local jail inmates, 8 per 100 000 state prisoners, and 25 per 100 000 federal prisoners. The foreign-born proportion of incarcerated men 18 to 64 years old increased steadily from 33% in 2002 to 56% in 2013. Between 2009 and 2013, tuberculosis screenings were reported as leading to 10% of diagnoses among correctional employees, 47% among female inmates, and 42% among male inmates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Systematic screening and treatment of tuberculosis infection and disease among correctional employees and incarcerated individuals remain essential to tuberculosis prevention and control.
authors.affiliation: At the time of this study, all of the authors were with the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Lauren A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: At the time of this study, all of the authors were with the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Lori R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.affiliation: At the time of this study, all of the authors were with the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Mark N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Lobato
authors.affiliation: At the time of this study, all of the authors were with the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: At the time of this study, all of the authors were with the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Anne Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: France
authors.affiliation: At the time of this study, all of the authors were with the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Maryam B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Haddad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011329:Prisoners; D011330:Prisons; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult