title: Carbon nanotube composite microspheres as a highly efficient solid-phase microextraction coating for sensitive determination of phthalate acid esters in water samples.
abstract: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on polystyrene (PS) microspheres have been designed and prepared by layer-by-layer assembly via electrostatic interaction. MWCNTs@PS was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The new materials were employed as a novel solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating to enrich trace level of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in water samples. Five PAEs, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DEHA), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP), were studied in this work. The Box-Behnken design was applied to calculate optimum extraction factors affecting the extraction efficiency using a response surface. In the optimized conditions, the developed technique achieved high enrichment factors (738-2347), low limits of detection (0.0012-0.018μgL-1) and wide linearity (0.001-5μgL-1) for detecting PAEs. The method was successfully applied to analyze PAEs in real environmental water samples with recovery ranging from 73.4% to 103.8%. The results demonstrated that MWCNTs@PS are a promising coating material in the SPME of PAEs at trace levels from environmental samples.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, China. Electronic address: sxl0539@126.com.
authors.forename: Xin-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Peng
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, China. Electronic address: zhaors1976@126.com.
authors.forename: Ru-Song
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004952:Esters / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008863:Microspheres; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C032279:phthalic acid
keywords: Carbon nanotube composite microspheres; GC-tandem MS; Phthalate acid esters; Solid-phase microextraction