title: Natural remedies for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced toxicity.
abstract: The liver is an important organ of the body, which has a vital role in metabolic functions. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), diclofenac causes hepato-renal toxicity and gastric ulcers. NSAIDs are noted to be an agent for the toxicity of body organs. This review has elaborated various scientific perspectives of the toxicity caused by diclofenac and its mechanistic action in affecting the vital organ. This review suggests natural products are better remedies than current clinical drugs against the toxicity caused by NSAIDs. Natural products are known for their minimal side effects, low cost and availability. On the other hand, synthetic drugs pose the danger of adverse effects if used frequently or over a long period. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, -632014, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Jerine Peter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, -632014, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evan Prince
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000633:toxicity*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001688:Biological Products
keywords: NSAIDs; Spirulina; diclofenac; gastrotoxicity; hepatotoxicity; renal toxicity