title: Effect of Nerve Growth Factor on Osseointegration of Titanium Implants in Type 2 Diabetic Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Compared with the general population, a poorer quality of bone-implant osseointegration occurs and at a higher failure rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of local injection of nerve growth factor at the bone-implant interface after implantation in type 2 diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats (n = 30) were used as a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and Wistar rats were used as a control (n = 15). GK rats were assigned randomly into two groups (n = 15/group): the diabetes mellitus group (saline only) and the nerve growth factor group (received nerve growth factor treatment). One titanium implant was placed in each rat's left tibia. Immediately postoperatively, nerve growth factor group rats were injected with nerve growth factor (0.4 μg/day) intramuscularly around the implant, daily for 7 days. Diabetes mellitus and control group rats received normal saline in an identical manner. Rats were sacrificed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks following implant surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Traditional light and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used on nondecalcified sections to investigate fluorochrome labeling changes and histologic features of bone adjoining the implants. Bone-to-implant contact and bone volume percentage in the diabetes mellitus group were significantly less than in the control and nerve growth factor groups, with no statistically significant differences between the control and nerve growth factor groups. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed a significant increase in marked bone around the nerve growth factor group implant at 4 weeks (P < .01) and 8 weeks (P < .05) compared with the diabetes mellitus group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that local injection of nerve growth factor could improve implant-bone osseointegration in diabetic rats and may have important clinical implications.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamakoshi
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oida
authors.forename: Chikahiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Jianyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000503:physiopathology; D000069343:Bone-Implant Interface / Q000502:physiology*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; C502240:NGF protein, human; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D014025:Titanium