title: Potential of in vivo real-time gastric gas profiling: a pilot evaluation of heat-stress and modulating dietary cinnamon effect in an animal model.
abstract: Gastroenterologists are still unable to differentiate between some of the most ordinary disorders of the gut and consequently patients are misdiagnosed. We have developed a swallowable gas sensor capsule for addressing this. The gases of the gut are the by-product of the fermentation processes during digestion, affected by the gut state and can consequently provide the needed information regarding the health of the gut. Here we present the first study on gas sensor capsules for revealing the effect of a medical supplement in an animal (pig) model. We characterise the real-time alterations of gastric-gas in response to environmental heat-stress and dietary cinnamon and use the gas profiles for understanding the bio-physiological changes. Under no heat-stress, feeding increases gastric CO2 concentration, while dietary cinnamon reduces it due to decrease in gastric acid and pepsin secretion. Alternatively, heat-stress leads to hyperventilation in pigs, which reduces CO2 concentration and with the cinnamon treatment, CO2 diminishes even more, resulting in health improvement outcomes. Overall, a good repeatability in gas profiles is also observed. The model demonstrates the strong potential of real-time gas profiler in providing new physiological information that will impact understanding of therapeutics, presenting a highly reliable device for monitoring/diagnostics of gastrointestinal disorders.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Jian Zhen
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Jeremy J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cottrell
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Nam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Naresh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Chu K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Kyle J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Berean
authors.affiliation: Monash Ageing Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia.
authors.forename: Danilla
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grando
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Jane G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Udani
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wijesiriwardana
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Frank R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Dunshea
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Kourosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalantar-Zadeh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002935:Cinnamomum zeylanicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005740:Gases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012119:Respiration; D012881:Skin Temperature; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D002245:Carbon Dioxide