title: Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms and enzyme activities in coronary artery disease and its relationship to serum lipids and glycemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidative stress and inflammation are important processes in development of atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a bioscavenger enzyme associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. We evaluate the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms in PON1 gene, and enzyme activities with lipid profile and glycemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study consisted of 126 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 203 healthy controls. PON Q192R and L55M polymorphisms were detected by real-time PCR. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were determined spectrophotometrically. Blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PON1 QR192 polymorphism had a major effect on paraoxonase but no effect on arylesterase serum activities. Paraoxonase activity was higher in RR genotype and lowest in QQ genotype. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were higher in LL and lower in MM genotypes of PON1 LM55 polymorphism. RQ and LM variants showed intermediate activities between respective homozygous. Elevated concentrations of triglycerides in cases correlate with QQ variant or the presence of M allele. Glucose levels were elevated in cases with QQ variant or with the presence of M allele. Cholesterol and LDL did not show variations in control and cases with any variant of both polymorphisms. HDL is lower in cases with respect to controls independently of genotypes. All differences were significant with p<0.05.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results confirm the relationship between variations in PON1 activities and lipid metabolism, and showed that genetically programmed low PON1 activities would have certain responsibility in the increase in glycemia and concomitantly the aggravation of atherosclerotic disease.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina. Electronic address: osvaldo.fridman@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fridman
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario, Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gariglio
authors.affiliation: Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riviere
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario, Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Porcile
authors.affiliation: Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario, Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Potenzoni
mesh_terms: D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase
keywords: Actividades enzimáticas; Argentina; Coronary artery disease; Enfermedad coronaria; Enzymatic activities; Genetic polymorphisms; Glucemia; Glycemia; Lipid profile; Paraoxonasa; Paraoxonase; Perfil lipídico; Polimorfimos genéticos