title: Basics of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology.
abstract: This chapter presents an overview of the anatomy and functioning of the central nervous system. We begin the discussion by first examining the cellular basis of neural transmission. Then we present a brief description of the brain's white and gray matter and associated diseases, including a discussion of white-matter lesions. Finally, we place this information into context by discussing how the central nervous system integrates complex information to guide key functional systems, including the visual, auditory, chemosensory, somatic, limbic, motor, and autonomic systems. Where appropriate, we have supplied information pertaining to pathologic and functional outcomes of damage to the central nervous system. Also included is a brief description of important tools and methods used in the study of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. Overall, this chapter provides a basic review of the concepts required to understand and interpret the clinical disorders and related material presented in the subsequent chapters of this book.
authors.affiliation: Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Barha
authors.affiliation: Exercise, Mobility and Brain Health Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Nagamatsu
authors.affiliation: Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada; Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: teresa.ambrose@ubc.ca.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu-Ambrose
mesh_terms: D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans
keywords: autonomic system; brain; central nervous system; electroencephalogram; motor system; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; sensory system