title: Myeloid cells as orchestrators of the tumor microenvironment: novel targets for nanoparticular cancer therapy.
abstract: Macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tolerogenic dendritic cells are central players of a heterogeneous myeloid cell population, with the ability to suppress innate and adaptive immune responses and thus to promote tumor growth. Their influx and local proliferation are mainly induced by the cancers themselves, and their numbers in the tumor microenvironment and the peripheral blood correlate with decreased survival. Therapeutic targeting these innate immune cells, either aiming at their elimination or polarization toward tumor suppressive cells is an attractive novel approach to control tumor progression and block metastasis. We review the current understanding of cancer immunology including immune surveillance and immune editing in the context of these prominent innate suppressor cells, and their targetability by nanoparticular immunotherapy with small molecules or siRNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology & Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI) University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tuettenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology & Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI) University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Steinbrink
authors.affiliation: Institute of Translational Immunology & Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.|Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Detlef
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schuppan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D000072737:Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D011108:Polymers; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: MDSC; cancer therapy; dendritic cells; macrophages; myeloid cells; nanomedicine; nanoparticles; polarization; siRNA; targeting