title: Endogenous retroviruses mobilized during friend murine leukemia virus infection.
abstract: We have demonstrated in a mouse model that infection with a retrovirus can lead not only to the generation of recombinants between exogenous and endogenous gammaretrovirus, but also to the mobilization of endogenous proviruses by pseudotyping entire polytropic proviral transcripts and facilitating their infectious spread to new cells. However, the frequency of this occurrence, the kinetics, and the identity of mobilized endogenous proviruses was unclear. Here we find that these mobilized transcripts are detected after only one day of infection. They predominate over recombinant polytropic viruses early in infection, persist throughout the course of disease and are comprised of multiple different polytropic proviruses. Other endogenous retroviral elements such as intracisternal A particles (IAPs) were not detected. The integration of the endogenous transcripts into new cells could result in loss of transcriptional control and elevated expression which may facilitate pathogenesis, perhaps by contributing to the generation of polytropic recombinant viruses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rosenke
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
authors.forename: Ethan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
authors.forename: Duncan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hendrick
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
authors.forename: Leonard H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000502:physiology*; D005622:Friend murine leukemia virus / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D056265:Microbial Interactions; D011533:Proviruses / Q000502:physiology; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012192:Retroviridae Infections / Q000821:virology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D019562:Viral Load; D056189:Viral Tropism; D014775:Virus Activation
keywords: Endogenous; Mouse; Proviruses; Pseudotyping; Retroviruses