Quality and Antioxidant Activity of Buckwheat-Based Cookies Designed for a Raw Food Vegan Diet as Affected by Moderate Drying Temperature.
Buckwheat cookies with various ingredients for raw food vegan diet are usually prepared by soaking them in water at ambient temperature followed by drying at moderate temperature. The aim of this study was to examine the temperature effect on the microbiological quality, antioxidant properties and oxidative stability of lipids of final dried samples. The mixture of ingredients was soaked for 20 h in distilled water, and then cookies were formed and dried in air-forced oven at constant temperature in the range from 40 to 60 °C. Total viable counts, fungi, yeasts, coliform and aerobic spore-forming bacteria counts were evaluated in dried samples and were found to decrease during drying at 50 and 60 °C. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS assays, and the former showed the highest value at 40 °C. Superoxide dismutase activity was also higher at 40 °C in comparison with that at 60 °C. The percentage of lipid peroxidation inhibition increased with the increase in drying temperature until 4th day of incubation. While peroxide value was significantly higher in samples dried at 40 °C, TBARS values did not show significant changes during the drying process. The results of this study suggest that drying buckwheat-based cookies at 40 °C retained their good antioxidant properties but represent a potentially serious microbial hazard.
Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Iveta
I
Brožková
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Veronika
V
Dvořáková
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Kateřina
K
Michálková
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic. libor.cervenka@upce.cz.
Libor
L
Červenka
Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic.
Helena
H
Velichová
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D003890:Desiccation; D000067269:Diet, Vegan; D019612:Fagopyrum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling; D005516:Food Microbiology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D066256:Raw Foods / Q000032:analysis*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
D000975:Antioxidants; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014867:Water; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
Antioxidant; Drying process; Lipid peroxidation; Microbial risk; Raw food
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