Slow-release nitrogen fertilizers can improve yield and reduce Cd concentration in pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) grown in Cd-contaminated soil.
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in vegetable crops has become a serious problem in recent years. Owing to the limited availability of arable land resources, large areas of Cd-contaminated lands are inevitably being used for the production of vegetables, posing great risks to human health via the food chain. However, strategies to improve yield and reduce Cd concentration in crops grown in contaminated soils are being developed. In the present study, using pot experiments, we investigated the effects of two slow-release nitrogen fertilizers (SRNFs), resin-coated ammonium nitrate (Osmocote313s), and resin-coated urea (urea620), on the growth and Cd concentration of the Cd-contaminated pakchoi. The results showed that pakchoi grown in soil containing 5 mg kg-1of Cd-induced oxidative stress (indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, and O2·-) and photosynthesis inhibition, which in turn was restored with the application of SRNFs. However, pakchoi grown in Cd-contaminated soil supplied with Osmocote313sand urea620showed 103 and 203 % increase in fresh weight and 51-55 % and 44-56 % decrease in Cd concentration, respectively, as compared with their controls (pakchoi treated with instant soluble nitrogen fertilizers). On the basis of an increase in their tolerance index (47-238 %) and a decrease in their translocation factor (7.5-21.6 %), we inferred that the plants treated with SRNFs have a stronger tolerance to Cd and a lower efficiency of Cd translocation to edible parts than those treated with instant soluble nitrogen fertilizers. Therefore, in terms of both crop production and food safety, application of SRNFs could be an effective strategy for improving both biomass production and quality in pakchoi grown under Cd stress.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Ran-Ran
RR
Zhang
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Yue
Y
Liu
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Wan-Lei
WL
Xue
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Rong-Xin
RX
Chen
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China. dushaoting@zjgsu.edu.cn.
Shao-Ting
ST
Du
College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Chong-Wei
CW
Jin
D018533:Biomass; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D059022:Food Safety; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
D005308:Fertilizers; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D009584:Nitrogen
Cd; Nitrogen; Oxidative stress; Photosynthesis; Slow release fertilizers; Vegetable; Yield
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