Cytomorphology and Histology Correlation of Rosai-Dorfman Disease: A 15-Year Study from a Tertiary Referral Centre in South India.
OBJECTIVE
Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an uncommon, benign histiocytic disorder of unknown etiology, typically presenting in young adulthood. We highlight the cytomorphology of RDD and correlate it with the histopathology.


METHODS
All cases diagnosed as RDD on fine-needle aspiration cytology between January 2001 and June 2015 were included. Clinical details were obtained from medical records. The cytology smears were reviewed along with the histopathology and immunohistochemistry, wherever available.


RESULTS
The study included 10 cases ranging in age from 11 to 68 years (median 29). There was a male predominance with a male:female ratio of 1.5:1. The patients commonly presented with bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement was seen in 2 cases in the nose and mandible, respectively. Of these 10 cases, 8 were later biopsied. The cytological features included numerous crescentic histiocytes, emperipolesis, reactive lymphocytes and plasma cells. A histological diagnosis of RDD was made in 7 out of 8 cases, and 1 was diagnosed as Hodgkin lymphoma.


CONCLUSIONS
FNA represents an efficient, minimally invasive, cost-effective and reliable technique for the diagnosis of RDD and may obviate the need for further biopsy. However, the disease has close differential diagnoses, including Langerhans cell histiocytosis, granulomatous lesions, and Hodgkin lymphoma. Hence, it must be remembered that there can be pitfalls when the diagnosis is made by cytology alone.
Department of Pathology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
Abid
A
Hussain
Ashwani
A
Tandon
Aruna K
AK
Prayaga
Tara Roshni
TR
Paul
Anukonda M V R
AM
Narendra
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D057687:Emperipolesis; D005260:Female; D006644:Histiocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006646:Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015618:Histiocytosis, Sinus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007194:India; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D015415:Biomarkers; D009418:S100 Proteins; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule