Socioeconomic Drivers of PM2.5 in the Accumulation Phase of Air Pollution Episodes in the Yangtze River Delta of China.
Recent studies in PM2.5 sources show that anthropogenic emissions are the main contributors to haze pollution. Due to their essential roles in establishing policies for improving air quality, socioeconomic drivers of PM2.5 levels have attracted increasing attention. Unlike previous studies focusing on the annual PM2.5 concentration (Cyear), this paper focuses on the accumulation phase of PM2.5 during the pollution episode (PMAE) in the Yangtze River Delta in China. This paper mainly explores the spatial variations of PMAE and its links to the socioeconomic factors using a geographical detector and simple linear regression. The results indicated that PM2.5 was more likely to accumulate in more developed cities, such as Nanjing and Shanghai. Compared with Cyear, PMAE was more sensitive to socioeconomic impacts. Among the twelve indicators chosen for this study, population density was an especially critical factor that could affect the accumulation of PM2.5 dramatically and accounted for the regional difference. A 1% increase in population density could cause a 0.167% rise in the maximal increment and a 0.214% rise in the daily increase rate of PM2.5. Additionally, industry, energy consumption, and vehicles were also significantly associated with PM2.5 accumulation. These conclusions could serve to remediate the severe PM2.5 pollution in China.
Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China. loucairong@126.com.|College of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226007, China. loucairong@126.com.|State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, College of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. loucairong@126.com.
Cai-Rong
CR
Lou
Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China. liuhongyu@njnu.edu.cn.|State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, College of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. liuhongyu@njnu.edu.cn.
Hong-Yu
HY
Liu
Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China. pandalee_0826@163.com.|State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, College of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. pandalee_0826@163.com.
Yu-Feng
YF
Li
Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China. ndslyl@163.com.|State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, College of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. ndslyl@163.com.
Yu-Ling
YL
Li
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D011210:Power Plants; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012905:Smog / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D014507:Urbanization; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000600:supply & distribution
D000393:Air Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012905:Smog; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
PM2.5; Yangtze River Delta; geographical detector; pollution episode; socioeconomic factor
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