Hydroxylation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes: Enhanced biocompatibility through reduction of oxidative stress initiated cell membrane damage, cell cycle arrestment and extrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Modification of CNTs with hydroxyl group promotes their applications in biomedical area. However, the impact of hydroxylation on their biocompatibility is far from being completely understood. In this study, we carried out a comprehensive evaluation of hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-OH) on the human normal liver L02 cell line, and compared it with that of pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (p-MWCNTs). Results demonstrated that compared with p-MWCNTs, MWCNTs-OH induced significantly lower oxidative stress as indicated by the level of intracellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH), subsequently lead to less cell membrane damage as demonstrated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay, and showed slightly decreased arrestment of cell cycle distribution at G0/G1. More interestingly, MWCNTs-OH exhibited significantly lower tendency to activate caspase-8, a key molecule involved in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. All these in vitro results demonstrated that hydroxylation of MWCNTs enhanced their biocompatibility compare with p-MWCNTs.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, PR China.
Zhenbao
Z
Liu
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, PR China. Electronic address: liuyfcsu@163.com.
Yanfei
Y
Liu
School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, PR China. Electronic address: pdmcsu@163.com.
Dongming
D
Peng
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006900:Hydroxylation; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*
D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D053181:Caspase 8; D005978:Glutathione
Cell cycle arrestment; Cell membrane integrity; Extrinsic apoptotic pathway; Multi-walled carbon nanotubes; Oxidative stress