Inhibition of Rac1 GTPase activity affects porcine oocyte maturation and early embryo development.
Mammalian oocyte asymmetric division relies on the eccentric positioning of the spindle, resulting in the polar body formation. Small signaling G protein Rac1 is a member of GTPases, which regulates a diverse array of cellular events, including the control of cell growth, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the activation of protein kinases. However, effects of Rac1 on the porcine oocyte maturation and early embryo development are not fully understood. In present study we investigated the role of Rac1 in oocyte maturation and embryo cleavage. We first found that Rac1 localized at the cortex of the porcine oocytes, and disrupting the Rac1 activities by treating with NSC 23766 led to the failure of polar body emission. In addition, a majority of treated oocytes exhibited abnormal spindle morphology, indicating that Rac1 may involve into porcine oocyte spindle formation. This might be due to the regulation of Rac1 on MAPK, since p-MAPK expression decreased after NSC 23766 treatments. Moreover, we found that the position of most meiotic spindles in treated oocytes were away from the cortex, indicating the roles of Rac1 on meiotic spindle positioning. Our results also showed that inhibition of Rac1 activity caused the failure of early embryo development. Therefore, our study showed the critical roles of Rac1 GTPase on porcine oocyte maturation and early embryo cleavage.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Si-Jing
SJ
Song
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Qiao-Chu
QC
Wang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Ru-Xia
RX
Jia
Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea.
Xiang-Shun
XS
Cui
Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea.
Nam-Hyung
NH
Kim
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Shao-Chen
SC
Sun
D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008540:Meiosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000201:enzymology; D013552:Swine; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
D000634:Aminoquinolines; C487513:NSC 23766; D011743:Pyrimidines; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein
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