The pulmonary phagocytosis response to separate and combined impacts of manganese (IV) and chromium (VI) containing particulates.
We investigated by the optical microscopy some cytological characteristics of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell population 24h after intratracheal instillation of microscale MnO2and BaCrO4particles (separately or together at two different doses) into the lungs of Wistar rats. Besides, the cytotoxicity of both particulates for rat peritoneal macrophages in vitro was assessed by the trypan blue exclusion test and proved significant. They were found to evoke a typical dose-dependent pulmonary phagocytosis response usually observed under inhalation or intratracheal impacts of low-soluble mineral and metal particles. A significant shift in the above mentioned cell population toward the prevalence of neutrophllic leukocytes (NL) over alveolar macrophages (AM) proved once more to be the most characteristic feature of this response. Although the particle load of a unit AM was always higher than that of a unit NL, the collective contribution of the recruited NLs to the total particles internalization by both AMs and NLs together was quite significant. This fact confirms that NL recruitment is an important auxiliary mechanism of the cytotoxic particle elimination from lungs compensating for the macrophage damage caused by them. Well adjusted functioning of this compensatory mechanism was additionally demonstrated by isobolographic analysis based on the Response Surface Methodology. On the other hand, this analysis confirmed that the type of combined toxicity depends on a particular effect this type is assessed for and on the effect's dose-dependent level.
The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia.
Larisa I
LI
Privalova
The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia. Electronic address: bkaznelson@etel.ru.
Boris A
BA
Katsnelson
Institute of Industrial Ecology, The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20 Sofia Kovalevskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
Anatoly N
AN
Varaksin
Institute of Industrial Ecology, The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20 Sofia Kovalevskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
Vladimir G
VG
Panov
The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia.
Sergey L
SL
Balesin
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002857:Chromium / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005260:Female; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects*; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects; D008345:Manganese / Q000633:toxicity*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D052638:Particulate Matter; D002857:Chromium; D008345:Manganese
Chromium; Combined toxicity; Manganese; Pulmonary phagocytosis