From homeostasis to pathology: decrypting microbe-host symbiotic signals in the intestinal crypt.
Metagenomic analysis of the human intestinal microbiome has provided a wealth of information that allowed an exceptionally detailed description of its microbial content and physiological potential. It also set the basis for studies allowing correlation of alterations in the balance of this microbiota and the occurrence of a certain number of emerging diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity and diabetes, and possibly colorectal cancer. The time has come to give the intestinal microbiota in symbiosis with its host an experimental dimension. This brief review summarizes our attempt at developing a cellular microbiology of the mutualistic symbiosis established between the gut microbiota and the host intestinal surface. Particular attention is paid to the intestinal crypt, due to its role in epithelial regeneration.This article is part of the themed issue 'The new bacteriology'.
Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cédex 15, France Unité INSERM 1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Thierry
T
Pédron
Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cédex 15, France Unité INSERM 1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Giulia
G
Nigro
Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cédex 15, France Unité INSERM 1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France Chaire de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France philippe.sansonetti@pasteur.fr.
Philippe J
0000-0001-7542-4527
PJ
Sansonetti
D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D013559:Symbiosis
gut microbiota; intestinal crypts; pathobiont
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