Primary and Secondary Chemoprevention of Malignant Melanoma.
The incidence of malignant melanoma (MM) continues to rise in the United States. While sun protection and full body skin examinations remain the mainstay of preventative care, chemoprevention of the deadly disease has become an increasingly popular field of study. In this focused review, we discuss current findings and analyze the risks and benefits of various agents investigated for the primary and secondary chemoprevention of MM. Such agents include topical retinoids, vitamins, and supplements, Polypodium leucotomas extracts, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), statins, sunscreens, and field therapy with topical imiquimod for primary and secondary chemoprevention. We further identify a need for expanded high quality human research on the topic.
Stony Brook University School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.|Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Hospital, 1665 Aurora Ct, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Jessica
J
Mounessa
University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA.
Talayesa
T
Buntinx-Krieg
Department of Medicine, University of San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Rosie
R
Qin
Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Hospital, 1665 Aurora Ct, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.|Department of Dermatology, Denver VA Medical Center, 1055 Clermont St. #165, Denver, CO, 80220, USA.
Cory A
CA
Dunnick
Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Hospital, 1665 Aurora Ct, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. Robert.Dellavalle@ucdenver.edu.|Department of Dermatology, Denver VA Medical Center, 1055 Clermont St. #165, Denver, CO, 80220, USA. Robert.Dellavalle@ucdenver.edu.
Robert P
RP
Dellavalle
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000379:methods*; D000068456:Clinical Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015994:Incidence; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D032494:Polypodium / Q000737:chemistry; D012878:Skin Neoplasms; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D000096142:Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D018977:Micronutrients; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013473:Sunscreening Agents