Spontaneous pneumothorax in paracoccidioidomycosis patients from an endemic area in Midwestern Brazil.
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most important systemic mycosis in Latin America. About 80% of PCM patients are present with its chronic form. The lungs are affected in most patients with the chronic form; however, pleural involvement has rarely been reported. We describe nine cases of PCM that presented with lung involvement and spontaneous pneumothorax. All patients, except one whose condition was not investigated, were smokers. PCM was diagnosed during the pneumothorax episode in three patients, and from 3 to 16 years before the pneumothorax episode in six patients. A total of six patients underwent chest drainage and one died as a direct result of the pneumothorax. We suggest that pneumothorax, although rare, should be considered in PCM patients who present with suddenly worsening dyspnoea. PCM should also be investigated in cases of pneumothorax in adult men from mycosis-endemic areas.
Faculty of Medicine of São Jose do Rio Preto, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, São Jose do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Lucas G G
LG
Cabrera
Centro Universitário Unigran Capital, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Aline F
AF
Santos
Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Ursulla V
UV
Andrade
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Carlos Ivan A
CI
Guedes
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Sandra M V L
SM
Oliveira
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Marilene R
MR
Chang
State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rinaldo P
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0661-5917
RP
Mendes
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Anamaria M M
AM
Paniago
D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004322:Drainage; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
Paracoccidioides spp; lung mycosis; paracoccidioidomycosis; pneumothorax