Unpacking the concept of land degradation neutrality and addressing its operation through the Rio Conventions.
The world's commitment towards land degradation neutrality (LDN) became enshrined in various international agreements and decisions throughout the year 2015. The challenge now becomes one of addressing its operation, in order to achieve these new policy goals and targets by the year 2030. Advancing LDN demands attention to what the concept seeks to achieve, as well as unravelling the perspectives of the key multi-lateral environmental agreements through which progress can be made. The three Rio Conventions (the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)) all play key roles in shaping the international LDN governance and implementation context. Their different but related foci create a number of challenges and opportunities for advancing LDN. In this paper we critically analyze the literature to elucidate potential challenges and opportunities in moving LDN towards implementation, considering the mandates and objectives of all three Rio Conventions. We first unpack the concept of LDN's aspirations. We highlight the importance of the definitions and terminology used, and the relationships between those definitions, terms and the actors using them, as well as their implications in framing the range of policy actions and synergies that could benefit progress towards multiple Sustainable Development Goals. We then examine the LDN pilot project spearheaded by the UNCCD to identify key lessons for LDN implementation. Synthesizing these lessons, we present a portfolio of blended interventions that seeks to address the aspirations of the UNCCD, UNFCCC and CBD in the LDN space, identifying synergistic options for national actions to move towards LDN. Overall, our analysis provides insights in advancing LDN from its current position as a policy target, towards synergetic action.
Secretariat DesertNet International, c/o Biocentre Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststr. 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: mariam.akhtar-schuster@dlr.de.
Mariam
M
Akhtar-Schuster
Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: L.stringer@leeds.ac.uk.
Lindsay C
LC
Stringer
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1, 53113 Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: aerlewein@unccd.int.
Alexander
A
Erlewein
School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia, NSW 2052 Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: g.metternicht@unsw.edu.au.
Graciela
G
Metternicht
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1, 53113 Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: sminelli@unccd.int.
Sara
S
Minelli
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address: Uriel36@gmail.com.
Uriel
U
Safriel
European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate D-Sustainable Resources, Via E. Fermi, 21029 Ispra (VA), Italy. Electronic address: stefan.sommer@jrc.ec.europa.eu.
Stefan
S
Sommer
D057231:Climate Change; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D017753:Ecosystem; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014480:United Nations
CBD; Rehabilitation; Restoration; Sustainable land management; UNCCD; UNFCCC