A Large-Scale, Multiagency Approach to Defining a Reference Network for Pacific Northwest Streams.
Aquatic monitoring programs vary widely in objectives and design. However, each program faces the unifying challenge of assessing conditions and quantifying reasonable expectations for measured indicators. A common approach for setting resource expectations is to define reference conditions that represent areas of least human disturbance or most natural state of a resource characterized by the range of natural variability across a region of interest. Identification of reference sites often relies heavily on professional judgment, resulting in varying and unrepeatable methods. Standardized methods for data collection, site characterization, and reference site selection facilitate greater cooperation among assessment programs and development of assessment tools that are readily shareable and comparable. We illustrate an example that can serve the broader global monitoring community on how to create a consistent and transparent reference network for multiple stream resource agencies. We provide a case study that offers a simple example of how reference sites can be used, at the landscape level, to link upslope management practices to a specific in-channel response. We found management practices, particularly areas with high road densities, have more fine sediments than areas with fewer roads. While this example uses data from only one of the partner agencies, if data were collected in a similar manner they can be combined and create a larger, more robust dataset. We hope that this starts a dialog regarding more standardized ways through inter-agency collaborations to evaluate data. Creating more consistency in physical and biological field protocols will increase the ability to share data.
Aquatic and Riparian Monitoring Program, US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA. smiller@blm.gov.
Stephanie
S
Miller
Aquatic and Riparian Monitoring Program, US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA.
Peter
P
Eldred
College of Forestry, Oregon State University, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA.
Ariel
A
Muldoon
Department of Fish and Wildlife, State of Oregon, Hwy 34, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA.
Kara
K
Anlauf-Dunn
Department of Fish and Wildlife, State of Oregon, Hwy 34, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA.
Charlie
C
Stein
Department of Environmental Quality, State of Oregon, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA.
Shannon
S
Hubler
Department of Environmental Quality, State of Oregon, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA.
Lesley
L
Merrick
Department of Environmental Quality, State of Oregon, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA.
Nick
N
Haxton
Environmental Assessment Program, Washington State Department of Ecology, Lacey, WA, 98503, USA.
Chad
C
Larson
Aquatic Bioassessment Laboratory, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Andrew
A
Rehn
Aquatic Bioassessment Laboratory, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Peter
P
Ode
Department of Watershed Sciences, Western Center for Monitoring and Assessment of Freshwater Ecosystems, and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5210, USA.
Jake
J
Vander Laan
D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015205:Northwestern United States; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*
Aquatic; Minimally disturbed; Monitoring; Reference site; Stream
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