Characteristics and outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma aged 21-40 years versus 41-60 years: a multi-institutional case-control study.
We compared the outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) patients aged 21-40 and 41-60 years in the novel agent era. This case-control study included 1089 patients between 2000 and 2015. Cases and controls were matched for sex, International Staging System (ISS) stage and institution. There were 173 patients in the younger group and 916 patients in the older group. Younger patients presented with a higher incidence of lytic lesions (82% vs. 72%; P = 0·04) and high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (83% vs. 68%; P = 0·007), but lower rate of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (21% vs. 44%; P < 0·001). Five- and 10-year overall survival (OS) in younger versus older patients was 83% vs. 67% and 56% vs. 39%, respectively (P < 0·001). Similar results were seen when studying the subset of 780 patients who underwent autologous transplantation. Younger patients with ISS stage 1 had a better OS than older patients (P < 0·001). There was no survival difference between younger and older patients with ISS stage 2 or 3. Younger MM patients, aged 21-40 years, treated in the era of novel agents have a better OS than their counterparts aged 41-60 years, but the survival advantage observed in younger patients was lost in more advanced stages of MM.
Jagiellonian University Medical College Department of Haematology, Cracow, Poland.
Artur
A
Jurczyszyn
Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Hareth
H
Nahi
Tel Aviv Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Irit
I
Avivi
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.
Alessandro
A
Gozzetti
Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
Ruben
R
Niesvizky
Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
Sujitha
S
Yadlapati
Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
David S
DS
Jayabalan
Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland.
Paweł
P
Robak
University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Tomas
T
Pika
Department of Medicine, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.
Kristian T
KT
Andersen
UAMS Myeloma Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Leo
L
Rasche
Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
Krzysztof
K
Mądry
Department of Haematology, State Hospital, Opole, Poland.
Dariusz
D
Woszczyk
Department of Haematology, State Hospital, Kraków, Poland.
Małgorzata
M
Raźny
Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Lidia
L
Usnarska-Zubkiewicz
Ministry of the Interior Hospital in Olsztyn with Warmia and Masuria Oncology Centre, Olsztyn, Poland.
Wanda
W
Knopińska-Posłuszny
Department of Haematology, State Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland.
Małgorzata
M
Wojciechowska
Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Renata
R
Guzicka-Kazimierczak
Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Monika
M
Joks
Department of Cancer Prevention, School of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Sebastian
S
Grosicki
Copernicus. Regional Oncology Centre, Gdańsk, Poland.
Hanna
H
Ciepłuch
Department of Haematology, District Hospital in Torun, Toruń, Poland.
Marcin
M
Rymko
John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA.
David H
DH
Vesole
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jorge J
JJ
Castillo
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015996:Survival Rate; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
myeloma; outcomes; survival; transplantation; young