SMC4, which is essentially involved in lung development, is associated with lung adenocarcinoma progression.
Structural maintenance of chromosome 4 (SMC4) is a core subunit of condensin complexes that mainly contributes to chromosome condensation and segregation. Our previous study demonstrated that the gene expression profile during lung development is of great values for the study of lung cancer. In this study, we identified SMC4 through co-expression network analysis and clique percolation clustering using genes that constant changes during four stages of lung development. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that SMC4 is closely related to cell cycle, cell adhesion, and RNA processing in lung development and carcinogenesis. Moreover, SMC4 is overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and acts as an independent prognostic factor. SMC4 knockdown significantly inhibits the proliferation and invasion of A549 cells. Furthermore, we found that SMC4 interacts with DDX46 (DEAD-box helicase 46). In conclusion, the pivotal role of SMC4 in lung development and carcinogenesis suggests that genes with a similar expression pattern to SMC4 in lung development may also contribute to lung cancer progression. The identification of genes that are essentially involved in development through a comparative study between development and cancer may be a practical strategy for discovering potential biomarkers and illuminating the mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Chengli
C
Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Manchao
M
Kuang
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Meng
M
Li
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Lin
L
Feng
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Kaitai
K
Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Shujun
S
Cheng
PLoS One. 2014 Mar 12;9(3):e91509
24621612
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014;15(21):9459-65
25422241
Genome Biol. 2008;9(7):R108
18611264
Trends Genet. 2000 Jun;16(6):247-53
10827451
Cancer Res. 2006 Jun 15;66(12 ):6063-71
16778178
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Jun 30;33:55
24980149
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(11):4236-40
2349233
Drug Resist Updat. 2015 Mar;19:22-32
25660168
Cancer Sci. 2015 May;106(5):489-96
25707772
Cell Res. 2008 Aug;18(8):823-33
18607389
EMBO J. 2001 Jun 15;20(12):3238-50
11406600
Curr Biol. 2001 Mar 6;11(5):295-307
11267866
Genes Dev. 2004 Mar 15;18(6):629-40
15075291
Cell. 2011 Mar 4;144(5):646-74
21376230
J Mol Biol. 2001 Feb 9;306(1):25-35
11178891
EMBO J. 2002 Sep 16;21(18):4978-88
12234937
Biochem Cell Biol. 2014 Aug;92(4):287-95
25053513
J Thorac Dis. 2014 Oct;6(Suppl 5):S561-7
25349707
Lancet. 2011 Nov 12;378(9804):1727-40
21565398
Cancer Res. 2005 Oct 1;65(19):8715-22
16204040
Am J Pathol. 2003 Nov;163(5):1949-60
14578194
PLoS One. 2014 Aug 20;9(8):e105639
25141350
CA Cancer J Clin. 2015 Mar;65(2):87-108
25651787
PLoS Med. 2006 Jul;3(7):e232
16800721
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Dec 12;103(50):18969-74
17142318
Oncol Rep. 2012 Oct;28(4):1263-8
22842912
Genes Dev. 2012 Aug 1;26(15):1659-78
22855829
Oncogene. 2007 Feb 26;26(9):1324-37
17322918
Curr Opin Immunol. 2010 Apr;22(2):215-22
20207124
EMBO J. 2004 Jan 28;23(2):376-85
14713954
Carcinogenesis. 2013 Dec;34(12):2767-73
23978379
Cancer Med. 2014 Dec;3(6):1544-52
25081869
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2012 May;12(4):402-38
22229248