Ovariectomy results in inbred strain-specific increases in anxiety-like behavior in mice.
Women are at an increased risk for developing affective disorders during times of hormonal flux, including menopause when the ovaries cease production of estrogen. However, while all women undergo menopause, not all develop an affective disorder. Increased vulnerability can result from genetic predisposition, environmental factors and gene by environment interactions. In order to investigate interactions between genetic background and estrogen depletion, we performed bilateral ovariectomy, a surgical procedure that results in estrogen depletion and is thought to model the post-menopausal state, in a genetically defined panel of 37 inbred mouse strains. Seventeen days post-ovariectomy, we assessed behavior in two standard rodent assays of anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, the open field and forced swim tests. We detected a significant interaction between ovariectomy and genetic background on anxiety-like behavior in the open field. No strain specific effects of ovariectomy were observed in the forced swim assay. However, we did observe significant strain effects for all behaviors in both the open field and forced swim tests. This study is the largest to date to look at the effects of ovariectomy on behavior and provides evidence that ovariectomy interacts with genetic background to alter anxiety-like behavior in an animal model of menopause.
Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Sarah Adams
SA
Schoenrock
Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Daniel
D
Oreper
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Nancy
N
Young
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Robin Betsch
RB
Ervin
The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States.
Molly A
MA
Bogue
Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
William
W
Valdar
Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. Electronic address: lisat@med.unc.edu.
Lisa M
LM
Tarantino
D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010052:Ovariectomy; D013045:Species Specificity; D013550:Swimming / Q000523:psychology
Anxiety; Depression; Estrogen depletion; Inbred mouse strains; Menopause; Ovariectomy
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