Dysregulated innate immune function in the aetiopathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.
The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of systemic muscle conditions that are believed to be autoimmune in nature. They have distinct pathological features, but the aetiopathogenesis of each subtype remains largely unknown. Recently, there has been increased interest in the complex role the innate immune system plays in initiating and perpetuating these conditions, and how this may differ between subtypes. This article summarises the traditional paradigms of IIM pathogenesis and reviews the accumulating evidence for disturbances in innate immune processes in these rare, but debilitating chronic conditions.
Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute and Sansom Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Electronic address: jessica.day@mymail.unisa.edu.au.
Jessica
J
Day
Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australia Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Sophia
S
Otto
Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Susanna
S
Proudman
Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute and Sansom Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
John D
JD
Hayball
Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Vidya
V
Limaye
D000818:Animals; D018925:Chemokines / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000473:pathology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009220:Myositis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*
D018925:Chemokines