The influence of geographical location, host maturity and sex on intestinal helminth communities of the double-crested cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus from the eastern United States.
Here the intestinal helminth infracommunities of 218 double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) from 11 locations in Alabama, Minnesota, Mississippi and Vermont are documented. Trematode infections were present in 98% of hosts; 65% of cormorants carried cestode infections, 4% were infected with acanthocephalans and 66% had nematode intestinal parasites. Parasite infracommunities of hosts collected on wintering grounds had higher richness and diversity than did birds collected on breeding grounds. Differences in parasite richness and diversity between male and female P. auritus were also detected, but not between immature and mature bird hosts. Parasite intensity did not differ by sex, maturity, or between breeding and wintering season. The most common parasite was Drepanocephalus auritus (spathans), which is recognized as a disease agent that negatively impacts the catfish aquaculture industry in the US. Echinochasmus sp. in double-crested cormorants is documented for the first time in the United States. We suggest that the differences observed among parasite infracommunities could be associated with the foraging distances travelled by P. auritus during breeding and wintering seasons, which is limited by allocation of parental care during the breeding season.
Scripps Institution of Oceanography,University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive # 0218 La Jolla CA,92093USA.
K L
KL
Sheehan
US Department of Agriculture,Wildlife Services,National Wildlife Research Center,PO Box 6099,Mississippi State,MS 39762USA.
K C
KC
Hanson-Dorr
US Department of Agriculture,Wildlife Services,National Wildlife Research Center,PO Box 6099,Mississippi State,MS 39762USA.
B S
BS
Dorr
Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation,Clemson University,Clemson,SC 29634-001USA.
G K
GK
Yarrow
Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation,Clemson University,Clemson,SC 29634-001USA.
R J
RJ
Johnson
D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D001717:Birds / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005843:Geography; D006373:Helminthiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D006376:Helminths / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007422:Intestines / Q000469:parasitology; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology