Incidence and molecular characterisation of lumpy skin disease virus in Zimbabwe using the P32 gene.
Between January, 2013 and December, 2014, there was a lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreak that affected cattle in different localities of Zimbabwe. The outbreak resulted in severe economic losses to the livestock industry. A retrospective study was conducted by examining stored veterinary records of the LSD outbreak at the Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL) in Harare, Zimbabwe. Over the 2-year period, a total of 10,038 cases and 880 deaths (8.77 %) were recorded. LSD was reported from all regions of the country, with the highest incidence occurring in Mashonaland West (30.95 %) and Midlands province (14.59 %). The frequency of reported outbreaks was highest in March and April, with the lowest reported cases occurring in November. A total of 25 representative specimens (skin biopsies) were collected from nodular skin lesions of infected cattle, and after viral DNA isolation, the P32 gene was successfully amplified, by using PCR, in 88 % (22/25) of all assayed specimens. Out of the 22 samples that showed amplification, 16 (73 %) were selected for DNA sequencing, and from these, 13 sequences were submitted to GenBank and assigned accession numbers: KX033494, KX033495, KX033496, KX033497, KXO33498, KX033499, KX033500, KX033501, KX033502, KX033503, KX033504, KX033505 and KX033506. Phylogenetic analyses of the 13 sequences was done by using MEGA 7 and showed that the viruses formed two major clusters implying that at least two strains of LSDV are in circulation in Zimbabwe. This study provides the first report on the incidence and molecular characterisation of LSDV in Zimbabwe.
Department of Applied Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box AC 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, 00263, Zimbabwe.|Central Veterinary Laboratory, Veterinary Diagnostics and Research Branch, Department of Veterinary and Technical Services, 18A Bevan Building, Borrowdale Road, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Prettimore
P
Mafirakureva
Central Veterinary Laboratory, Veterinary Diagnostics and Research Branch, Department of Veterinary and Technical Services, 18A Bevan Building, Borrowdale Road, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Bamusi
B
Saidi
Department of Applied Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box AC 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, 00263, Zimbabwe. joshmbanga@gmail.com.
Joshua
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6592-2338
J
Mbanga
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000821:virology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary; D005838:Genotype; D015994:Incidence; D008166:Lumpy Skin Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008167:Lumpy skin disease virus / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015030:Zimbabwe / Q000453:epidemiology
D004279:DNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins
Lumpy skin disease; P32 gene; PCR
Vaccine. 2009 Mar 4;27(10):1500-3
19186204
Epidemiol Infect. 2001 Apr;126(2):317-21
11349983
Br Vet J. 1991 Nov-Dec;147(6):489-503
1777792
J Immunol Methods. 1999 Jul 30;227(1-2):187-96
10485266
Br Vet J. 1977 Mar-Apr;133(2):184-9
608058
Epidemiol Infect. 1995 Feb;114(1):219-26
7867740
Virus Genes. 2004 Aug;29(1):73-80
15215685
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2014 Jan;46(1):241-6
24097247
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2011 Apr;58(2):93-104
21114790
J Virol. 2001 Aug;75(15):7122-30
11435593
J Hyg (Lond). 1982 Feb;88(1):95-102
7057030
Mol Biol Evol. 1993 May;10(3):512-26
8336541
Mol Biol Evol. 2016 Jul;33(7):1870-4
27004904
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2017 Jun;64(3):729-745
26564428
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2015 Oct;62(5):457-62
26105081
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2012 Feb;59(1):40-8
21749675
Acta Trop. 2012 Aug;123(2):101-6
22569562
J Virol Methods. 1998 Sep;74(1):1-7
9763122
Prev Vet Med. 2014 Jul 1;115(1-2):64-8
24703247
Epidemiol Infect. 2010 Nov;138(11):1657-66
20233495
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2005 Jun;72(2):153-64
16137133