The effects of treadmill exercise on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of short-, moderate- and long-duration treadmill exercise (15, 30 and 60 min) on the mean frequency and amplitude of penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats.


METHODS
In this study, 32 rats were assigned to 15, 30, and 60 min running exercise groups and the control group, each consisting of 8 rats. According to the specified protocol, the rats were submitted to running exercises at the same hour of each day for 90 days. After the exercise program, the rats were administered (500 IU/2.5 µl) of penicillin into the left cortex by the microinjection method. An electrocorticogram (ECoG) recording was performed for 3 h using a data acquisition system. The frequency and the amplitude of the recordings were analyzed.


RESULTS
Short-duration treadmill exercise (15 min) caused a decrease in the frequency of penicillin-induced epileptiform activity at 70 min after penicillin injection (p< 0.001). The mean frequency of epileptiform activity decreased at 90 min after penicillin injection in the 30 and 60 min treadmill exercise groups (p< 0.01). The mean amplitude of epileptiform activity was not changed in any of the exercise groups compared to the control (p> 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The results of the present study demonstrate for the first time that short-, moderate- and long-duration treadmill exercises decreased the frequency of penicillin-induced epileptiform activity. These findings may contribute to improving the quality of life in epileptic patients.
Faculty of Yasar Dogu Sports Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
Yildirim
Y
Kayacan
Faculty of Yasar Dogu Sports Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
Erkut
E
Tutkun
Department of Physiology of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
Gokhan
G
Arslan
Department of Physiology of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
Mustafa
M
Ayyildiz
Department of Physiology of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
Erdal
E
Agar
epilepsy; rat; seizure; treadmill exercise
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2013 Mar;101:94-102
23357282
Epilepsy Res. 1999 Oct;37(1):45-52
10515174
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2010;70(4):382-9
21196946
Trends Neurosci. 2002 Jun;25(6):295-301
12086747
Epilepsy Res. 2011 Feb;93(2-3):128-37
21177076
Neurol Neurochir Pol. 1981 Sep-Dec;15(5-6):545-52
6804881
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2011 Dec;29(8):861-5
21840389
Arch Med Sci. 2013 Oct 31;9(5):922-9
24273580
Neuropharmacology. 1987 Aug;26(8):1099-106
2443870
Neurotoxicology. 2007 May;28(3):463-70
17240453
Neuropeptides. 2009 Aug;43(4):295-302
19552953
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1996 Jul;16(4):729-36
8964814
J Lipid Res. 2013 Feb;54(2):522-34
23175776
Seizure. 2010 Mar;19(2):102-8
20089420
Q J Exp Physiol. 1987 Oct;72(4):439-52
2827221
Epilepsia. 1994 Nov-Dec;35(6):1256-64
7988519
Epilepsia. 2009 Apr;50(4):811-23
19055495
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2009 Dec;67(4):1013-6
20069211
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:149612
23589718
Epilepsy Res. 2006 Oct;71(2-3):142-8
16876986
Calcif Tissue Int. 1999 Aug;65(2):139-42
10430647
Arch Med Sci. 2013 Oct 31;9(5):930-5
24273581
Arch Med Sci. 2012 Nov 9;8(5):805-16
23185188
Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Nov;25(3):323-8
23103304
Nature. 1995 Jan 12;373(6510):109
7816089
Brain Res Bull. 2006 Jan 30;68(5):374-8
16377445
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2013 Apr 15;304(8):R657-63
23427084
Neural Plast. 2013;2013:709732
23401802
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2009 Dec;67(4):1007-12
20069210
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2009 Jul;9(4):319-26
19515285
Epilepsy Behav. 2010 Apr;17(4):432-5
20159660
Sports Med. 2003;33(7):499-516
12762826
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2013 Apr;19(4):222-8
23521910
Arch Med Sci. 2013 Oct 31;9(5):877-82
24273573
Epilepsia. 1999 May;40(5):643-51
10386535
J Neurol. 1987 Jan;234(1):9-13
3102697
Epilepsy Res. 1999 Apr;34(2-3):99-107
10210024
Brain Res Bull. 2006 Dec 11;71(1-3):111-5
17113936