High genetic diversity and population differentiation in Clarias gariepinus of Yala Swamp: evidence from mitochondrial DNA sequences.
In order to improve the conservation and sustainable utilization of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus of the Yala Swamp in Kenya, genetic diversity and population structure of Lakes Kanyaboli and Namboyo populations of the species were studied using DNA sequences of the mitochondrial D-loop control region. Genetic diversity inferred as haplotype and nucleotide diversities and number of singletons and shared haplotypes was higher in the Lake Kanyaboli population (LKG) than the Lake Namboyo population (LNG) of C. gariepinus. Thirty-one haplotypes were inferred, of which 25 (80·6%) were private or singletons, while only six (19·4%) haplotypes were shared between LKG and LNG. Both populations were differentiated, with FSTvalue that was significantly different from zero (P < 0·05). Two clusters were inferred both from the maximum likelihood tree and the spanning networks of phylogenetic relationships of haplotypes. Mismatch distribution for total sample was multi-modal but individually, distributions were uni-modal in LKG, but multimodal in LNG. The mean ± s.d. raggedness index for both populations was 0·085 ± 0·098 and not significantly different from zero (P > 0·05). Individual raggedness indices were 0·015 and 0·154 for LKG and LNG respectively. Fu's Fswas negative for both populations, with LKG recording -14·871, while LNG had -2·565, significantly different from zero for LKG (P < 0·05), but the value for LNG was not significant (P > 0·05). Tajima's D was negative for both populations, with LKG recording -1·734, while LNG had -1·136. Standardized square differences (SSD) were 0·001 for LKG and 0·048 for LNG and non-significant between them (P > 0·05). Values between all populations were also not significantly different (P > 0·05), mean ± s.d. SSD 0·025 ± 0·033.
Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Eldoret, P. O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.
J E
JE
Barasa
Department of Environmental Studies, Forestry and Agriculture, Maasai Mara University, P. O. Box 861-20500, Narok, Kenya.
R
R
Abila
Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 399, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
J P
JP
Grobler
Department of Genetics and Genomics, Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.|Biosciences eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI Hub), P. O. Box 30709, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.
M
M
Agaba
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, P. O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.
E J
EJ
Chemoiwa
Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Eldoret, P. O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.
B
B
Kaunda-Arara
D000818:Animals; D002397:Catfishes / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes; D007630:Kenya; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D053833:Wetlands
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
African catfish; bait; haplotypes; mismatch distribution; mitochondrial D-loop; satellite lakes