Quantitative lateral flow strip assays as User-Friendly Tools To Detect Biomarker Profiles For Leprosy.
Leprosy is a debilitating, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Despite the availability of multidrug therapy, transmission is unremitting. Thus, early identification of M. leprae infection is essential to reduce transmission. The immune response to M. leprae is determined by host genetics, resulting in paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) leprosy associated with dominant cellular or humoral immunity, respectively. This spectral pathology of leprosy compels detection of immunity to M. leprae to be based on multiple, diverse biomarkers. In this study we have applied quantitative user friendly lateral flow assays (LFAs) for four immune markers (anti-PGL-I antibodies, IL-10, CCL4 and IP-10) for whole blood samples from a longitudinal BCG vaccination field-trial in Bangladesh. Different biomarker profiles, in contrast to single markers, distinguished M. leprae infected from non-infected test groups, patients from household contacts (HHC) and endemic controls (EC), or MB from PB patients. The test protocol presented in this study merging detection of innate, adaptive cellular as well as humoral immunity, thus provides a convenient tool to measure specific biomarker profiles for M. leprae infection and leprosy utilizing a field-friendly technology.
Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Anouk
A
van Hooij
Dept. Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Elisa M
EM
Tjon Kon Fat
Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Renate
R
Richardus
Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Susan J F
SJ
van den Eeden
Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Louis
L
Wilson
Dept. Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Claudia J
CJ
de Dood
Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Roel
R
Faber
Rural Health Program, The Leprosy Mission International Bangladesh, Nilphamari, Bangladesh.
Korshed
K
Alam
Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Jan Hendrik
JH
Richardus
Dept. Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Paul L A M
PL
Corstjens
Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Annemieke
A
Geluk
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