Chemical Proteomic Profiling of Human Methyltransferases.
Methylation is a fundamental mechanism used in Nature to modify the structure and function of biomolecules, including proteins, DNA, RNA, and metabolites. Methyl groups are predominantly installed into biomolecules by a large and diverse class of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases (MTs), of which there are ∼200 known or putative members in the human proteome. Deregulated MT activity contributes to numerous diseases, including cancer, and several MT inhibitors are in clinical development. Nonetheless, a large fraction of the human MT family remains poorly characterized, underscoring the need for new technologies to characterize MTs and their inhibitors in native biological systems. Here, we describe a suite of S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) photoreactive probes and their application in chemical proteomic experiments to profile and enrich a large number of MTs (>50) from human cancer cell lysates with remarkable specificity over other classes of proteins. We further demonstrate that the SAH probes can enrich MT-associated proteins and be used to screen for and assess the selectivity of MT inhibitors, leading to the discovery of a covalent inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme implicated in cancer and metabolic disorders. The chemical proteomics probes and methods for their utilization reported herein should prove of value for the functional characterization of MTs, MT complexes, and MT inhibitors in mammalian biology and disease.
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Benjamin D
BD
Horning
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Radu M
RM
Suciu
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Darian A
DA
Ghadiri
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Olesya A
OA
Ulanovskaya
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Megan L
ML
Matthews
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Kenneth M
KM
Lum
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Keriann M
KM
Backus
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Steven J
SJ
Brown
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Hugh
H
Rosen
Departments of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92307, United States.
Benjamin F
BF
Cravatt
D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics; D012435:S-Adenosylhomocysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D015335:Molecular Probes; D012435:S-Adenosylhomocysteine; D008780:Methyltransferases
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