Symplastic signaling instructs cell division, cell expansion, and cell polarity in the ground tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana roots.
Cell-to-cell communication is essential for the development and patterning of multicellular organisms. In plants, plasmodesmata (PD) provide direct routes for intercellular signaling. However, the role that PD-mediated signaling plays in plant development has not been fully investigated. To gain a comprehensive view of the role that symplastic signaling plays in Arabidopsis thaliana, we have taken advantage of a synthetic allele of CALLOSE SYNTHASE3 (icals3m) that inducibly disrupts cell-to-cell communication specifically at PD. Our results show that loss of symplastic signaling to and from the endodermis has very significant effects on the root, including an increase in the number of cell layers in the root and a misspecification of stele cells, as well as ground tissue. Surprisingly, loss of endodermal signaling also results in a loss of anisotropic elongation in all cells within the root, similar to what is seen in radially swollen mutants. Our results suggest that symplastic signals to and from the endodermis are critical in the coordinated growth and development of the root.
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Department of Biology, 121 Carolyn Lynch Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China wus@fafu.edu.cn gallagkl@sas.upenn.edu.
Shuang
0000-0003-1913-8125
S
Wu
Department of Biology, 121 Carolyn Lynch Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Ruthsabel
R
O'Lexy
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
Meizhi
M
Xu
Department of Biology, 121 Carolyn Lynch Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Yi
Y
Sang
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
Xu
X
Chen
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
Qiaozhi
Q
Yu
Department of Biology, 121 Carolyn Lynch Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; wus@fafu.edu.cn gallagkl@sas.upenn.edu.
Kimberly L
KL
Gallagher
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D016764:Cell Polarity; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000502:physiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000502:physiology*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D015398:Signal Transduction
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids
cell division; cell expansion; cell polarity; plasmodesmata; symplastic signaling
Curr Biol. 2007 Jun 19;17(12):1050-4
17540569
Curr Biol. 2011 Sep 27;21(18):1559-64
21924907
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 3;106(9):3615-20
19218459
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Oct 6;106(40):17229-34
19805190
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 4;100(5):2987-91
12594336
Dev Cell. 2014 Jan 27;28(2):132-46
24480642
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Aug 7;109(32):13010-5
22826238
Plant Signal Behav. 2009 Jul;4(7):655-9
19820302
Nat Protoc. 2012 May 17;7(6):1113-24
22596224
F1000Prime Rep. 2015 Mar 03;7:32
25926983
Bioessays. 1997 Nov;19(11):959-65
9394618
Development. 2005 Dec;132(24):5387-98
16291794
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2014;30:207-33
25288113
Development. 1993 Sep;119(1):71-84
8275865
Development. 2010 May;137(10):1731-41
20430748
Plant Physiol. 2013 Sep;163(1):193-204
23832626
Cell. 2000 May 26;101(5):555-67
10850497
Cell. 1999 Nov 24;99(5):473-83
10589676
Curr Biol. 2004 Oct 26;14(20):1847-51
15498493
Dev Cell. 2011 Dec 13;21(6):1144-55
22172675
Plant J. 2005 Jan;41(2):319-31
15634207
Science. 2014 Jan 10;343(6167):178-83
24408432
Plant Physiol. 2003 Oct;133(2):462-9
14555774
Plant Cell Physiol. 2009 Mar;50(3):626-34
19188262
Plant Physiol. 2009 Jun;150(2):722-35
19363095
Nature. 2007 Apr 12;446(7137):811-4
17429400
Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):1030-3
17446353
Development. 2002 Mar;129(5):1261-72
11874921
J Exp Bot. 2011 Aug;62(13):4399-413
21778182
Nature. 1995 Nov 2;378(6552):62-5
7477287
Plant Cell. 2001 Apr;13(4):843-52
11283340
Commun Integr Biol. 2013 Nov 1;6(6):e26531
24563707
Nature. 2010 Jul 1;466(7302):128-32
20596025
Genes Dev. 2004 Aug 15;18(16):1964-9
15314023
Nature. 2010 May 20;465(7296):316-21
20410882
Curr Biol. 2010 Jun 8;20(11):989-93
20434343
Plant Cell. 2011 Sep;23(9):3353-73
21934146
Plant J. 2013 Apr;74(1):148-59
23294290
Genes Dev. 1998 Jul 15;12(14):2175-87
9679062
PLoS Biol. 2008 Sep 23;6(9):e235
18816165
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Oct 7;111(40):14619-24
25246576
Plant Cell. 2010 Jun;22(6):1762-76
20562236