Soft tissue masses with myxoid stroma: Can conventional magnetic resonance imaging differentiate benign from malignant tumors?
OBJECTIVE
To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of morphological signs observed on conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to differentiate benign from malignant peripheral solid tumors of soft tissue with myxoid stroma.


METHODS
MR images from 95 consecutive histopathologically proven tumors (26 benign and 69 malignant) of soft tissues with myxoid components were evaluated in our tertiary referral center. Two radiologists, blind to pathology results, independently reviewed conventional MR sequences including at least a) one T2-weighted sequence with or without fat suppression; b) one T1-weighted sequence without fat suppression; and c) one T1-weighted sequence with gadolinium-complex contrast enhancement and fat suppression. Multiple criteria were defined to analyze morphology, margins, architecture and tumor periphery and evaluated for each lesion. Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility and Odds ratios were calculated for each criterion.


RESULTS
The most relevant and reproducible criteria to significantly predict malignancy were: (1) ill-defined tumor margins, (2) a hemorrhagic component, (3) intra-tumoral fat, (4) fibrosis and (5) the "tail sign". A lesion is classified as malignant if any of these 5 criteria is present, and benign if none of them are observed. Therefore, this combination provides a sensitivity of 92.9% and a specificity of 93.3%.


CONCLUSIONS
Conventional MR imaging provides reproducible criteria that can be combined to differentiate between benign and malignant solid tumors of soft tissue with myxoid stroma.
Department of Radiology, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France. Electronic address: amandine.crombe@ens-lyon.fr.
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Crombe
Department of Radiology, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Alberti
Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Stoeckle
Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, Institut Bergonié, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
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Brouste
Department of Radiology, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Buy
Department of Pathology, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Coindre
Department of Radiology, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Kind
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D018208:Liposarcoma, Myxoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium
MRI; Myxoid tumors; Myxoma; PNST; Sarcoma