Co-composting of two-phase olive-mill pomace and poultry manure with tomato harvest stalks.
In this study, two-phase olive-mill pomace with poultry manure and chopped tomato harvest stalks were composted at different initial carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios with fixed free air space of 35%. Composting experiment was carried out in the 15 aerobic reactors made of stainless steel and was monitored for 28 days. During the composting process, temperature, moisture content, organic matter (OM), pH, electrical conductivity, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations, total carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen ([Formula: see text]), nitrate nitrogen ([Formula: see text]), and total phosphorus were monitored. Compost mass and volume changes were determined at the beginning, during remixings, and at the end of composting. While the stabilization period took less time for the mixtures containing a high amount of poultry manure, the mixtures having the high portion of two-phase olive-mill pomace took a longer time due to the structure of olive stone and its lignin content. Dry matter loss (range: 18.1-34.0%.) in the mixtures increased with an increase in the share of poultry manure and tomato stalks in the initial mixture. OM loss (range: 21.7-46.1%) for tomato stalks (measured separately) during composting increased due to an increase in the ratio of poultry manure in the initial mixtures.
a Department of Environmental Engineering , Suleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
Kemal
K
Sülük
a Department of Environmental Engineering , Suleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
İsmail
İ
Tosun
b Department of Agricultural Machinery and Technologies Engineering , Suleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
Kamil
K
Ekinci
D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D000388:Air; D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D002645:Chickens; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D018525:Germination; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008372:Manure; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D011200:Poultry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008372:Manure; D012987:Soil; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen
Composting; germination index; mass loss; poultry manure; tomato stalks; two-phase olive-mill pomace