[Osteoporosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.]
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD)is characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is associated with chronic inflammatory process caused by inhaled noxious particles such as cigarette smoke. COPD involves not only the lungs but also extrapulmonary abnormalities as systemic effects. Osteoporosis is one of major comorbidities in COPD, and is often under-diagnosed. Osteoporosis in COPD is associated with various factors including smoking, decreased body mass index, and systemic inflammation. It should be recognized that COPD is a risk factor for osteoporosis and bone fracture, and early diagnosis and management for both COPD and osteoporosis are important.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Japan.
Toyohiro
T
Hirai
D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D013997:Time Factors