The impact of hypertension on lipid parameters in type 2 diabetes.
To study the effect of hypertension on lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.



This prospective, observational study was conducted at 1 Mountain Medical Battalion, Bagh, Azad Kashmir, from May 2012 to April 2015, and comprised adult type 2 diabetics. Patients already on lipid-lowering agents, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, unwilling patients and those who had serum triglycerides>4.5mmol/l were excluded. Blood pressure was measured twice in sitting position. Amongst hypertensive patients, blood pressure <140/90mmHg reflected good control. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoproteins were measured using enzymatic calorimetric method. Friedewald equation was used to calculate low-density lipoprotein levels.Subjects were divided into three groups: those without hypertension; those with hypertension but good blood pressure control; and hypertensives with poor blood pressure control. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis.



Of the 322 patients, 129(40.06%) were women and 193(59.94%) were men. The overall mean age was 51.42±10.93 years. Hypertension was seen in 144(44.72%) patients. Blood pressure was well controlled in 46(31.94%) hypertensive patients. Among patients without hypertension and those with good or poorly controlled blood pressure, the mean values for serum total cholesterol were 181.08± 32.05, 186.87± 39.00, 185.33± 35.55 mg/dl, triglycerides were 172.57±80.53, 187.61±81.42, 183.19±74.34 mg/dl, high-density lipoproteins were 40.54±12.36, 37.06±8.80, 40.15±12.35 mg/dl and low-density lipoproteins were 105.79±29.73, 110.81±31.66, 106.56±35.16 mg/dl. The number of patients with abnormalities of total cholesterol was 44(26.83%), 13(28.26%), 33(29.46%), triglycerides was 83(50.61%), 30(65.22%), 66(58.93%), high-density lipoproteins was 119(72.56%), 39(84.78%), 93(83.04%) and low-density lipoproteins was 90(54.88%), 29(63.04%) and 59(52.68%), respectively.



Hypertension did not worsen diabetic dyslipidaemia.
Department of Medicine, Mountain Medical Battalion, Pakistan.
Abdul Rehman
AR
Arshad
Department of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Khuzdar, Pakistan.
Hamid Nawaz
HN
Tipu
Department of Medicine, Mountain Medical Battalion, Pakistan.
Athar Iqbal
AI
Paracha
D000328:Adult; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008055:Lipids; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides
D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides
Dyslipidaemia, Metabolic syndrome X, Risk factors, Pakistan. 