Urinary Clearance of Cranberry Flavonol Glycosides in Humans.
Cranberry is reported to have health benefits, including prevention of urinary tract infections and other chronic diseases, due to the high content of polyphenols, including flavonols and flavan-3-ols. The aim of this study was to determine the clearance of flavonol glycosides and flavan-3-ols and/or their metabolites in human urine. Ten healthy women volunteers ingested 240 mL of cranberry juice containing flavonol glycosides. Urine samples were collected at 0, 90, 225, and 360 min postingestion. While flavan-3-ols were not detected, five flavonol glycosides common in cranberry were identified. Quercetin-3-galactoside, the most abundant cranberry flavonol, exhibited the highest peak urine concentration (Cmax) of 1315 pg/mg creatinine, followed by quercetin-3-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-arabinoside, myricetin-3-arabinoside, and myricetin-3-galactoside. Quercetin-3-arabinoside showed delayed clearance, Cmaxat 237 min (Tmax), relative to other flavonols (90-151 min). Both aglycone and the conjugated sugar moiety structure mediate the flavonol's bioavailability. Interindividual variation for bioavailability and clearance is also apparent. Metabolites, e.g. glucoronides, were not detected.
Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States.
Yifei
Y
Wang
Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States.
Ajay P
AP
Singh
Heather N
HN
Nelson
Amanda J
AJ
Kaiser
Nicolette C
NC
Reker
Tisha L
TL
Hooks
Ted
T
Wilson
Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States.|Philip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension, Rutgers University , Chatsworth, New Jersey 08019, United States.
Nicholi
N
Vorsa
MS-MS; cranberry juice; flavan-3-ols; flavonols; glycosides; human urine