No adverse effects detected for simultaneous whole-body exposure to multiple-frequency radiofrequency electromagnetic fields for rats in the intrauterine and pre- and post-weaning periods.
In everyday life, people are exposed to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) with multiple frequencies. To evaluate the possible adverse effects of multifrequency RF EMFs, we performed an experiment in which pregnant rats and their delivered offspring were simultaneously exposed to eight different communication signal EMFs (two of 800 MHz band, two of 2 GHz band, one of 2.4 GHz band, two of 2.5 GHz band and one of 5.2 GHz band). Thirty six pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) 10-week-old rats were divided into three groups of 12 rats: one control (sham exposure) group and two experimental (low- and high-level RF EMF exposure) groups. The whole body of the mother rats was exposed to the RF EMFs for 20 h per day from Gestational Day 7 to weaning, and F1offspring rats (46-48 F1 pups per group) were then exposed up to 6 weeks of age also for 20 h per day. The parameters evaluated included the growth, gestational condition and organ weights of the dams; the survival rates, development, growth, physical and functional development, memory function, and reproductive ability of the F1offspring; and the embryotoxicity and teratogenicity in the F2rats. No abnormal findings were observed in the dams or F1offspring exposed to the RF EMFs or to the F2offspring for any of the parameters evaluated. Thus, under the conditions of the present experiment, simultaneous whole-body exposure to eight different communication signal EMFs at frequencies between 800 MHz and 5.2 GHz did not show any adverse effects on pregnancy or on the development of rats.
Nagoya City Rehabilitation Center, Yatomi-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8622, Japan.|Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
Tomoyuki
T
Shirai
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan wang@nitech.ac.jp.
Jianqing
J
Wang
DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, 491-0113, Japan.
Mayumi
M
Kawabe
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Nukui-Kitamachi 4-2-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8705, Japan.
Kanako
K
Wake
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Nukui-Kitamachi 4-2-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8705, Japan.
So-Ichi
SI
Watanabe
Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
Satoru
S
Takahashi
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
Osamu
O
Fujiwara
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000528:radiation effects; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000528:radiation effects; D005333:Fetus / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000528:radiation effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000473:pathology; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012098:Reproduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D014886:Weaning; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
biological effect; multi-frequency radiofrequency electromagnetic field; rat; reproductive and developmental toxicity; whole-body exposure
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