See-saw relationship of the Holocene East Asian-Australian summer monsoon.
The East Asian-Indonesian-Australian summer monsoon (EAIASM) links the Earth's hemispheres and provides a heat source that drives global circulation. At seasonal and inter-seasonal timescales, the summer monsoon of one hemisphere is linked via outflows from the winter monsoon of the opposing hemisphere. Long-term phase relationships between the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the Indonesian-Australian summer monsoon (IASM) are poorly understood, raising questions of long-term adjustments to future greenhouse-triggered climate change and whether these changes could 'lock in' possible IASM and EASM phase relationships in a region dependent on monsoonal rainfall. Here we show that a newly developed nonlinear time series analysis technique allows confident identification of strong versus weak monsoon phases at millennial to sub-centennial timescales. We find a see-saw relationship over the last 9,000 years-with strong and weak monsoons opposingly phased and triggered by solar variations. Our results provide insights into centennial- to millennial-scale relationships within the wider EAIASM regime.
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany.|Department of Physics, Humboldt University, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
Deniz
D
Eroglu
School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Fiona H
FH
McRobie
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany.|Department of Physics, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
Ibrahim
I
Ozken
School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Thomas
T
Stemler
School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Karl-Heinz
KH
Wyrwoll
Sediment- and Isotope Geology, Institute for Geology, Mineralogy &Geophysics, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
Sebastian F M
SF
Breitenbach
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany.
Norbert
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1437-7039
N
Marwan
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany.|Department of Physics, Humboldt University, 12489 Berlin, Germany.|Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK.
Jürgen
J
Kurths
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