Highly conductive and pure gold nanostructures grown by electron beam induced deposition.
This work introduces an additive direct-write nanofabrication technique for producing extremely conductive gold nanostructures from a commercial metalorganic precursor. Gold content of 91 atomic % (at. %) was achieved by using water as an oxidative enhancer during direct-write deposition. A model was developed based on the deposition rate and the chemical composition, and it explains the surface processes that lead to the increases in gold purity and deposition yield. Co-injection of an oxidative enhancer enabled Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition (FEBID)-a maskless, resistless deposition method for three dimensional (3D) nanostructures-to directly yield pure gold in a single process step, without post-deposition purification. Gold nanowires displayed resistivity down to 8.8 μΩ cm. This is the highest conductivity achieved so far from FEBID and it opens the possibility of applications in nanoelectronics, such as direct-write contacts to nanomaterials. The increased gold deposition yield and the ultralow carbon level will facilitate future applications such as the fabrication of 3D nanostructures in nanoplasmonics and biomolecule immobilization.
Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria.
Mostafa M
MM
Shawrav
Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria.
Philipp
P
Taus
Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria.
Heinz D
HD
Wanzenboeck
Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria.
M
M
Schinnerl
University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscope (USTEM), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria.
M
M
Stöger-Pollach
University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscope (USTEM), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria.
S
S
Schwarz
University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscope (USTEM), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria.
A
A
Steiger-Thirsfeld
Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria.
Emmerich
E
Bertagnolli
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