The cadmium and lead content of the grain produced by leading Chinese rice cultivars.
The cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) content in both white and wholemeal flour milled from 110 leading rice cultivars was assessed. The white flour Cd content ranged from <0.0025 to 0.2530mg/kg (geometric mean (GM)=0.0150mg/kg), while its Pb content ranged from <0.0250 to 0.3830mg/kg (GM=0.0210mg/kg). The indica types took up higher amounts of Cd and Pb than did the japonica types. Although the heavy metal content of wholemeal flour tended to higher than that of white flour, nevertheless 84.5% (Cd) and 95.4% (Pb) of the entries were compliant with the national maximum allowable concentration of 0.2000mg/kg of each contaminant. An analysis of the Cd content in the white flour of three indica type cultivars grown in two consecutive years at two locations indicated that Cd content may be significantly affected by the conditions prevailing in the growing season.
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
L H
LH
Xie
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
S Q
SQ
Tang
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
X J
XJ
Wei
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
G N
GN
Shao
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
G A
GA
Jiao
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
Z H
ZH
Sheng
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
J
J
Luo
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, PR China. Electronic address: qualityh@163.com.
P S
PS
Hu
D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D003296:Cooking; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis; D005504:Food Analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D063427:Food Quality; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead
China; Geographical variation; Heavy mental content; Rice variety