Assessing the composition of microbial communities in textile wastewater treatment plants in comparison with municipal wastewater treatment plants.
It is assumed that microbial communities involved in the biological treatment of different wastewaters having a different chemical composition harbor different microbial populations which are specifically adapted to the environmental stresses encountered in these systems. Yet, little is known about the composition of these microbial communities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the microbial community composition over two seasons (winter and summer) in activated sludge from well-operating textile wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in comparison with municipal WWTPs, and to explain observed differences by environmental variables. 454-pyrosequencing generated 160 archaeal and 1645 bacterial species-level Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), with lower observed richness in activated sludge from textile WWTPs compared to municipal WWTPs. The bacterial phyla Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, Chlorobi, and Acidobacteria were more abundant in activated sludge samples from textile WWTPs, together with archaeal members of Thaumarchaeota. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis of the microbial communities showed that microbial communities from textile and municipal WWTPs were significantly different, with a seasonal effect on archaea. Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria as well as phosphate-accumulation bacteria were more abundant in municipal WWTPs, while sulfate-reducing bacteria were almost only detected in textile WWTPs. Additionally, microbial communities from textile WWTPs were more dissimilar than those of municipal WWTPs, possibly due to a wider diversity in environmental stresses to which microbial communities in textile WWTPs are subjected to. High salinity, high organic loads, and a higher water temperature were important potential variables driving the microbial community composition in textile WWTPs. This study provides a general view on the composition of microbial communities in activated sludge of textile WWTPs, and may provide novel insights for identifying key players performing important functions in the purification of textile wastewaters.
Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Technology Campus De Nayer, KU Leuven, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
Ken
0000-0002-5461-9648
K
Meerbergen
Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Maarten
M
Van Geel
Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Technology Campus De Nayer, KU Leuven, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
Michael
M
Waud
Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Technology Campus De Nayer, KU Leuven, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
Kris A
KA
Willems
Process and Environmental Technology Lab (PETLab), Department of Chemical Engineering, Technology Campus De Nayer, KU Leuven, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
Raf
R
Dewil
Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control (BioTeC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Technology Campus Gent, KU Leuven, Gent, Belgium.
Jan
J
Van Impe
Process and Environmental Technology Lab (PETLab), Department of Chemical Engineering, Technology Campus De Nayer, KU Leuven, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
Lise
L
Appels
Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Technology Campus De Nayer, KU Leuven, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
Bart
B
Lievens
D001105:Archaea / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001483:Base Sequence; D002947:Cities; D019641:DNA, Archaeal / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012621:Seasons; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D013783:Textile Industry; D018508:Water Purification
D019641:DNA, Archaeal; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012722:Sewage
454-pyrosequencing; activated sludge; environmental fit; microbial community; quantitative real-time PCR; wastewater
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