Resistance training and redox homeostasis: Correlation with age-associated genomic changes.
Regular physical activity is effective as prevention and treatment for different chronic conditions related to the ageing processes. In fact, a sedentary lifestyle has been linked to a worsening of cellular ageing biomarkers such as telomere length (TL) and/or specific epigenetic changes (e.g. DNA methylation), with increase of the propensity to aging-related diseases and premature death. Extending our previous findings, we aimed to test the hypothesis that 12 weeks of low frequency, moderate intensity, explosive-type resistance training (EMRT) may attenuate age-associated genomic changes. To this aim, TL, global DNA methylation, TRF2, Ku80, SIRT1, SIRT2 and global protein acetylation, as well as other proteins involved in apoptotic pathway (Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3), antioxidant response (TrxR1 and MnSOD) and oxidative damage (myeloperoxidase) were evaluated before and after EMRT in whole blood or peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of elderly subjects. Our findings confirm the potential of EMRT to induce an adaptive change in the antioxidant protein systems at systemic level and suggest a putative role of resistance training in the reduction of global DNA methylation. Moreover, we observed that EMRT counteracts the telomeres' shortening in a manner that proved to be directly correlated with the amelioration of redox homeostasis and efficacy of training regime, evaluated as improvement of both muscle's power/strength and functional parameters.
Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: ivan.dimauro@uniroma4.it.
Ivan
I
Dimauro
Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: mattia.scalabrin@yahoo.it.
Mattia
M
Scalabrin
Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: cristina.fantini@uniroma4.it.
Cristina
C
Fantini
Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: elisa.grazioli@uniroma4.it.
Elisa
E
Grazioli
Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: reyes.bel@outlook.com.
Maria Reyes
MR
Beltran Valls
Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: neri.mercatelli@uniroma4.it.
Neri
N
Mercatelli
Unit of Sport Medicine, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy. Electronic address: attilio.parisi@uniroma4.it.
Attilio
A
Parisi
Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: stefania.sabatini@uniroma4.it.
Stefania
S
Sabatini
Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy. Electronic address: luigi.diluigi@uniroma4.it.
Luigi
L
Di Luigi
Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: daniela.caporossi@uniroma4.it.
Daniela
D
Caporossi
D000107:Acetylation; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011897:Random Allocation; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics*
D000975:Antioxidants
DNA methylation; MnSOD; Myeloperoxidase; Telomeres; TrxR1
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