Characterisation of equine satellite cell transcriptomic profile response to β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB).
β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a popular ergogenic aid used by human athletes and as a supplement to sport horses, because of its ability to aid muscle recovery, improve performance and body composition. Recent findings suggest that HMB may stimulate satellite cells and affect expressions of genes regulating skeletal muscle cell growth. Despite the scientific data showing benefits of HMB supplementation in horses, no previous study has explained the mechanism of action of HMB in this species. The aim of this study was to reveal the molecular background of HMB action on equine skeletal muscle by investigating the transcriptomic profile changes induced by HMB in equine satellite cells in vitro. Upon isolation from the semitendinosus muscle, equine satellite cells were cultured until the 2nd day of differentiation. Differentiating cells were incubated with HMB for 24 h. Total cellular RNA was isolated, amplified, labelled and hybridised to microarray slides. Microarray data validation was performed with real-time quantitative PCR. HMB induced differential expressions of 361 genes. Functional analysis revealed that the main biological processes influenced by HMB in equine satellite cells were related to muscle organ development, protein metabolism, energy homoeostasis and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, this study demonstrated for the first time that HMB has the potential to influence equine satellite cells by controlling global gene expression. Genes and biological processes targeted by HMB in equine satellite cells may support HMB utility in improving growth and regeneration of equine skeletal muscle; however, the overall role of HMB in horses remains equivocal and requires further proteomic, biochemical and pharmacokinetic studies.
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Warsaw University of Life Science - SGGW,Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw,Poland.
Katarzyna A
KA
Szcześniak
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Warsaw University of Life Science - SGGW,Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw,Poland.
Anna
A
Ciecierska
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Warsaw University of Life Science - SGGW,Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw,Poland.
Piotr
P
Ostaszewski
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Warsaw University of Life Science - SGGW,Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw,Poland.
Tomasz
T
Sadkowski
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D063990:Gene Ontology; D000070633:Hamstring Muscles / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D024510:Muscle Development; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D059467:Transcriptome; D014631:Valerates / Q000378:metabolism*
D009124:Muscle Proteins; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014631:Valerates; C004961:beta-hydroxyisovaleric acid

               β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate;  
                  Abca1
                ATP-binding cassette;  
                  Mapk14
                mitogen-activated protein kinase 14;  
                  Prkab2
                protein kinase;  
                  Trim63
                muscle-specific RING finger protein 1;  AB antibiotics;  AMP-activated;  DAVID Database for Annotation;  DEG differentially expressed genes;  ESC equine satellite cells;  SC satellite cells;  Visualization and Integrated Discovery;  member 1;  sub-family A;  β2 non-catalytic subunit; Horses; Muscles; Satellite cells; Transcriptomic profile
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