Emerging pathogenic links between microbiota and the gut-lung axis.
The microbiota is vital for the development of the immune system and homeostasis. Changes in microbial composition and function, termed dysbiosis, in the respiratory tract and the gut have recently been linked to alterations in immune responses and to disease development in the lungs. In this Opinion article, we review the microbial species that are usually found in healthy gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, their dysbiosis in disease and interactions with the gut-lung axis. Although the gut-lung axis is only beginning to be understood, emerging evidence indicates that there is potential for manipulation of the gut microbiota in the treatment of lung diseases.
Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales 2305, Australia.
Kurtis F
KF
Budden
Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales 2305, Australia.
Shaan L
SL
Gellatly
Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
David L A
DL
Wood
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Matthew A
MA
Cooper
The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Mark
M
Morrison
Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, and the Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; and The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
Philip
P
Hugenholtz
Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales 2305, Australia.
Philip M
PM
Hansbro
D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology*
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