Age-specific differences in prognostic significance of rhythm conversion from initial non-shockable to shockable rhythm and subsequent shock delivery in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Early rhythm conversion from an initial non-shockable to a shockable rhythm and subsequent shock delivery in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has been associated with favourable neurological outcome (Cerebral Performance Category score 1 or 2; CPC 1-2). We hypothesized that the prognostic significance of rhythm conversion and subsequent shock delivery differs by age and time from initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by emergency medical service (EMS) providers to first defibrillation (shock delivery time).



We analysed 430,443 OHCA patients with an initial non-shockable rhythm using a prospective Japanese Utstein-style database from 2011 to 2014. The primary endpoint was 1-month CPC 1-2.



Multivariate logistic regression revealed that rhythm conversion and subsequent shock delivery is positively associated with 1-month CPC 1-2: the adjusted odds ratio was 6.09 (95% confidence interval: 3.65-9.75) for shock delivery time <10min and 3.34 (2.58-4.27) for 10-19min in patients aged 18-64 years, and 3.16 (1.45-6.09) for <10min and 2.17 (1.51-3.03) for 10-19min in patients aged 65-74 years. However, it is negatively associated with 1-month CPC 1-2 for shock delivery time of 20-59min in patients aged 75-84 years (0.55; 0.27-0.98) and ≥85 years (0.17; 0.03-0.53).



Early rhythm conversion from an initial non-shockable to a shockable rhythm and subsequent shock delivery is associated with increased odds of 1-month CPC 1-2 in OHCA patients aged 18-74 years but not in those aged ≥75 years.
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Akira
A
Funada
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Japan. Electronic address: gotoyosh@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
Yoshikazu
Y
Goto
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Hayato
H
Tada
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Ryota
R
Teramoto
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Masaya
M
Shimojima
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Kenshi
K
Hayashi
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Masakazu
M
Yamagishi
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Defibrillation; Epidemiology; Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest