Diagnostic vascular ultrasonography with the help of color Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.
The use of ultrasonography and especially of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of vascular pathologies before and after interventions has significantly increased over the past years due to the broader availability of modern ultrasound systems with CEUS capabilities and more trained user experience in this imaging modality. For the preinterventional and postinterventional work-up of carotid diseases, duplex ultrasound as well as CEUS have been established as the standard-of-care examination procedures for diagnosis, evaluation, and follow-up. In addition to its use for carotid arterial diseases, ultrasonography has also become the primary modality for the screening of vascular pathologies. This review describes the most common pathologies found in ultrasonography of the carotid arteries, the abdominal aorta, and the femoral arteries.
Department of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich-Grosshadern Campus, Munich, Germany.
Johannes
0000-0003-0832-5662
J
Rübenthaler
Department of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich-Grosshadern Campus, Munich, Germany.
Maximilian
0000-0003-1098-8190
M
Reiser
Department of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich-Grosshadern Campus, Munich, Germany.
Dirk-André
0000-0003-3889-5447
DA
Clevert
Arteriovenous fistula; Carotid stenosis; Contrast media; Dissection; Plaque, atherosclerotic; Ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced
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