Magnetically recoverable TiO2-WO3photocatalyst to oxidize bisphenol A from model wastewater under simulated solar light.
A novel magnetically recoverable, visible light active TiO2-WO3composite (Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2-WO3) was prepared to enable the photocatalyst recovery after the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under simulated solar light. For comparison, the photocatalytic activity of other materials such as non-magnetic TiO2-WO3, Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2, TiO2, and the commercial TiO2P25 was also evaluated under the studied experimental conditions. The structure and morphology of the synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and electron dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). Moreover, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and magnetic properties of the samples were determined. The Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2-WO3and TiO2-WO3led to a BPA degradation of 17.50 and 27.92 %, respectively, after 2 h of the simulated solar light irradiation. Even though their activity was lower than that of P25, which degraded completely BPA after 1 h, our catalysts were magnetically separable for their further reuse in the treatment. Furthermore, the influence of the water matrix in the photocatalytic activity of the samples was studied in municipal wastewater. Finally, the identification of reaction intermediates was performed and a possible BPA degradation pathway was proposed to provide a better understanding of the degradation process. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005, Santander, Spain.
S
S
Dominguez
Dpto Química Analítica, Universidad País Vasco, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
M
M
Huebra
Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA.
C
C
Han
Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Beds, MK43 0AL, UK.
P
P
Campo
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45324, USA.
M N
MN
Nadagouda
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005, Santander, Spain.
M J
MJ
Rivero
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005, Santander, Spain. inmaculada.ortiz@unican.es.
I
I
Ortiz
Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA.
D D
DD
Dionysiou
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002384:Catalysis; D010636:Phenols; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D062065:Wastewater; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D062065:Wastewater; C009495:titanium dioxide; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
Bisphenol A (BPA); Degradation pathway; Magnetic composite; Photocatalysis; TiO2; WO3
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