Optimization of ultrasonic circulating extraction of samara oil from Acer saccharum using combination of Plackett-Burman design and Box-Behnken design.
In this study, ultrasonic circulating extraction (UCE) technique was firstly and successfully applied for extraction of samara oil from Acer saccharum. The extraction kinetics were fitted and described, and the extraction mechanism was discussed. Through comparison, n-hexane was selected as the extraction solvent, the influence of solvent type on the responses was detailedly interpreted based on the influence of their properties on the occurrence and intensity of cavitation. Seven parameters potentially influencing the extraction yield of samara oil and content of nervonic acid, including ultrasound irradiation time, ultrasound irradiation power, ultrasound temperature, liquid-solid ratio, soaking time, particle size and stirring rate, were screened through Plackett-Burman design to determine the significant variables. Then, three parameters performed statistically significant, including liquid-solid ratio, ultrasound irradiation time and ultrasound irradiation power, were further optimized using Box-Behnken design to predict optimum extraction conditions. Satisfactory yield of samara oil (11.72±0.38%) and content of nervonic acid (5.28±0.18%) were achieved using the optimal conditions. 1% proportion of ethanol in extraction solvent, 120°C of drying temperature and 6.4% moisture were selected and applied for effective extraction. There were no distinct differences in the physicochemical properties of samara oil obtained by UCE and Soxhlet extraction, and the samara oil obtained by UCE exhibited better antioxidant activities. Therefore, UCE method has enormous potential for efficient extraction of edible oil with high quality from plant materials.
Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Fengli
F
Chen
School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Qiang
Q
Zhang
Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China.
Shimin
S
Fei
School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Huiyan
H
Gu
Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. Electronic address: ylchennefu@163.com.
Lei
L
Yang
D031002:Acer / Q000737:chemistry*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D006586:Hexanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
D000975:Antioxidants; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006586:Hexanes; D010938:Plant Oils; D012997:Solvents; C026385:n-hexane
Acer saccharum; Nervonic acid; Samara oil; Ultrasonic circulating extraction