An NO/GSNO-based Neuroregeneration Strategy for Stroke Therapy.
Stroke is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to the limited neuroregeneration capacity of the injured brain. Other than thrombolysis in the acute phase of the disease by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), which offers only a short window of treatment (~3 hours), an ideal stroke therapy is not available mainly because of limited understanding of the mechanisms of neuroregeneration and functional recovery in the chronic phase. Yet many drug therapies, including S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), have been shown to provide neuroprotection against acute disease in animal models of transient cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR) and permanent ischemia. GSNO was also effective in stimulating neuroregeneration-related factors in the chronic phase of the disease. In this short review, we assess the evidence supporting exogenous administration of GSNO after experimental stroke as a means to stimulate neuroregeneration and aid in functional recovery via stabilization of the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Mushfiquddin
M
Khan
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Tajinder Singh
TS
Dhammu
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Tejbir Singh
TS
Dhaindsa
Faculty of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Hamza
H
Khan
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Avtar K
AK
Singh
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Inderjit
I
Singh
Angiogenesis; Functional recovery; GSNO; HIF-1α; Neuroregeneration; S-Nitrosylation; Stroke
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