Multimodal Imaging-Guided Antitumor Photothermal Therapy and Drug Delivery Using Bismuth Selenide Spherical Sponge.
Elaborately designed biocompatible nanoplatforms simultaneously having diverse therapeutic and imaging functions are highly desired for biomedical applications. Herein, a Bi2Se3nanoagent with a special morphology as a nanoscale spherical sponge (NSS) has been fabricated and investigated in vitro and in vivo. The highly porous NSS exhibits strong, steady, and broad-band absorbance in the near-infrared range as well as high efficiency and stability of photothermal conversion, resulting in high antitumor efficacy for photothermal therapy (PTT). Together with a high X-ray attenuation coefficient (218% that of the clinically used iopromide), the NSS shows excellent performance on triple-modal high-contrast imaging, including X-ray-computed tomography, multispectral optoacoustic tomography, and infrared thermal imaging. Furthermore, the high surface area and porous structure impart the NSS a competent drug loading capability as high as 600% of that on Bi2Se3nanoplates, showing a bimodal pH/photothermal sensitive drug release and pronounced synergetic effects of thermo-chemotherapy with a tumor inhibition ratio even higher than that of PTT alone (∼94.4% vs ∼66.0%). Meanwhile, the NSS is highly biocompatible with rather low in vitro/in vivo toxicity and high stability, at variance with easily oxidized Bi2Se3nanoagents reported previously. Such biocompatible single-component theranostic nanoagents produced by a facile synthesis and highly integrated multimodal imaging and multiple therapeutic functions may have substantial potentials for clinical antitumor applications. This highly porous nanostructure with a large fraction of void space may allow versatile use of the NSS, for example, in catalysis, gas sensing, and energy storage, in addition to accommodating drugs and other biomolecules.
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
Zhenglin
Z
Li
National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
Jing
J
Liu
Ying
Y
Hu
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
Kenneth A
KA
Howard
Zhuo
Z
Li
Xuelei
X
Fan
Department of Lab Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin 150001, China.
Manli
M
Chang
Ye
Y
Sun
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
Flemming
F
Besenbacher
National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
Chunying
C
Chen
Miao
M
Yu
bismuth selenide; drug delivery; multimodal imaging; photothermal therapy; porous