Preserved Self-Evaluation in Amnesia Supports Access to the Self through Introspective Computation.
Encounters with new people result in the extraction and storage in memory of both their external features, allowing us to recognize them later, and their internal traits, allowing us to better control our current interactions with them and anticipate our future ones. Just as we extract, encode, store, retrieve and update the representations of others so, too, do we process representations of ourselves. These representations, which rely on declarative memory, may be altered or cease to be accessible in amnesia. Nonetheless, studies of amnesic patients have yielded the surprising observation that memory impairments alone do not prevent patients from making accurate trait self-judgments. In this review article, we discuss prevailing explanations for preserved self-evaluation in amnesia and propose an alternative one, based on the concept of introspective computation. We also consider molecular and anatomical aspects of brain functioning that potentially support introspective computation.
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France; UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France; UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France; U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France.
Aurelija
A
Juskenaite
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France; UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France; UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France; U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France.
Peggy
P
Quinette
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France; UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France; UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France; U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France.
Mickaël
M
Laisney
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France; UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France; UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France; U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France.
Marie-Loup
ML
Eustache
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France; UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France; UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France; U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France.
Béatrice
B
Desgranges
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France; UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France; UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France; Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France.
Fausto
F
Viader
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France; UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France; UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France; U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France.
Francis
F
Eustache
amnesia; episodic memory; identity; self-evaluation; self-representations; trait self-knowledge
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