Molecular Identification and Traceability of Illegal Trading inLignobrycon myersi(Teleostei: Characiformes), a Threatened Brazilian Fish Species, Using DNA Barcode.
Lignobrycon myersiis a threatened freshwater fish species and endemic of a few coastal rivers in northeastern Brazil. Even though the Brazilian laws prohibit the fisheries of threatened species,L. myersiis occasionally found in street markets, being highly appreciated by local population. In order to provide a reliable DNA barcode dataset forL. myersi, we compared mitochondrial sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) from fresh, frozen, and salt-preserved specimens. Phylogenetically related species (Triportheusspp.) and other fish species (Astyanax fasciatus) commonly mixed withL. myersiin street markets were also included to test the efficiency of molecular identification. In spite of the differences in conservation processes and advanced deterioration of some commercial samples, high-quality COI sequences were obtained and effective in discriminatingL. myersispecimens. In addition, while populations from Contas and Almada River basins seem to comprise a single evolutionary lineage, the specimens from Cachoeira River were genetically differentiated, indicating population structuring. Therefore, DNA barcoding has proved to be useful to trace the illegal trading ofL. myersiand to manage threatened populations, which should focus on conservation of distinct genetic stocks and mitigation on human impacts along their range.
Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Bairro Jequiezinho, 45206-190 Jequié, BA, Brazil.
Alexandre Dos Santos
AD
Rodrigues
Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Bairro Jequiezinho, 45206-190 Jequié, BA, Brazil.
José Henrique Souza Galdino
JH
Brandão
Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Bairro Jequiezinho, 45206-190 Jequié, BA, Brazil.
Jamille de Araújo
JA
Bitencourt
Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Bairro Jequiezinho, 45206-190 Jequié, BA, Brazil.
Ricardo
R
Jucá-Chagas
Institute of Coastal Studies (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro s/n, Bairro Aldeia, 68600-000 Bragança, PA, Brazil.
Iracilda
I
Sampaio
Institute of Coastal Studies (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro s/n, Bairro Aldeia, 68600-000 Bragança, PA, Brazil.
Horácio
H
Schneider
Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Bairro Jequiezinho, 45206-190 Jequié, BA, Brazil.
Paulo Roberto Antunes de Mello
0000-0001-5673-8010
PR
Affonso
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