Evaluation of antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and hemolytic activities from venom of the spider Lasiodora sp.
This study characterized the protein/peptide profile of venom isolated from the spider Lasiodora sp. (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) found in northeastern Brazil and determined its antimicrobial activity, toxicity against human cells, and hemolytic activity. Protein concentration of the Lasiodora sp. venom was 4.53 ± 0.38 mg/mL. SDS-PAGE showed proteins with molecular masses up to 75 kDa, some of which contained disulfide bridges. RP-HPLC analysis separate at least 12 peaks that were identified by mass spectrometry as peptides U1-theraphotoxin-Lp1a (lasiotoxin-1), U1-theraphotoxin-Lp1c (lasiotoxin-3), U3-theraphotoxin-Lsp1a (LTx5), and ω-theraphotoxin-Asp3a as well as the proteins phospholipase A2(PLA2) and hyaluronidase. The crude venom exhibited bactericidal effect against Aeromonas sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Micrococcus luteus and fungicidal effect against Candida parapsilosis and Candida albicans. In addition, the venom exerted bacteriostatic effect against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus and fungistatic effect against Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei. The minimum inhibitory (MIC), minimum bactericidal (MBC), and minimum fungicidal (MFC) concentrations ranged from 3.9 to 500 μg/mL. The Lasiodora sp. venom decreased the viability of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by 50%-90% at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL, promoting apoptosis of these cells. On the other hand, the venom showed weak hemolytic activity against Mus musculus erythrocytes (EC50: 757 μg/mL). In conclusion, the Lasiodora sp. spider venom is a rich source of antimicrobial agents. Future studies will focus on identifying antimicrobial agents present in this venom and evaluating whether these agents contribute to its cytotoxic effects against PBMCs.
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Felipe Roberto Borba
FR
Ferreira
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Pollyanna Michelle
PM
da Silva
Centro de Tecnologias Estratégicas do Nordeste, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Tatiana
T
Soares
Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Larissa
L
Gonçalves Machado
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Larissa Cardoso Corrêa
LC
de Araújo
Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Teresinha Gonçalves
TG
da Silva
Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica (NUPIT), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Gabriela Souto Vieira
GS
de Mello
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica (NUPIT), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Maira
M
Galdino da Rocha Pitta
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica (NUPIT), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Moacyr Jesus Barreto
MJ
de Melo Rego
Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Emmanuel Viana
EV
Pontual
Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Russolina Benedeta
RB
Zingali
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Thiago Henrique
TH
Napoleão
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. Electronic address: ppaivaufpe@yahoo.com.br.
Patrícia Maria Guedes
PM
Paiva
D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D013111:Spider Venoms / Q000737:chemistry*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D013111:Spider Venoms
Antibacterial; Antifungal; Apoptosis; Lasiodora; Spider venom