Extracellular Self-DNA (esDNA), but Not Heterologous Plant or Insect DNA (etDNA), Induces Plasma Membrane Depolarization and Calcium Signaling in Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus) and Maize (Zea mays).
Extracellular self-DNA (esDNA) is produced during cell and tissue damage or degradation and has been shown to induce significant responses in several organisms, including plants. While the inhibitory effects of esDNA have been shown in conspecific individuals, little is known on the early events involved upon plant esDNA perception. We used electrophysiology and confocal laser scanning microscopy calcium localization to evaluate the plasma membrane potential (Vm) variations and the intracellular calcium fluxes, respectively, in Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) and maize (Zea mays) plants exposed to esDNA and extracellular heterologous DNA (etDNA) and to etDNA fromSpodoptera littoralislarvae and oral secretions. In both species, esDNA induced a significant Vm depolarization and an increased flux of calcium, whereas etDNA was unable to exert any of these early signaling events. These findings confirm the specificity of esDNA to induce plant cell responses and to trigger early signaling events that eventually lead to plant response to damage.
Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy. francesca.barbero@unito.it.
Francesca
F
Barbero
Neuroscience Institute of Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy. michela.guglielmotto@unito.it.
Michela
M
Guglielmotto
Biosfered Srl, Academic Spin-Off of the University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy. a.capuzzo@biosfered.com.
Andrea
A
Capuzzo
Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy. massimo.maffei@unito.it.
Massimo E
ME
Maffei
Lima bean; Spodoptera littoralis; calcium signaling; maize; plasma membrane potential; self-DNA recognition
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