Developmental Defects of Enamel in Children with Intellectual Disability.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the frequency of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in children with intellectual disability.


METHODS
Children aged 5-18 years (72 children with intellectual disabilities and 72 controls) were included in the study. All the teeth were screened for developmental defects of enamel using the modified Developmental defects of enamel (mDDE) index.


RESULTS
Out of the 72 children with intellectual disabilities in this study, 20 (27.78%) presented dental defects of enamel, compared with 8 (11.11%) of those in the control group, which was considered statistically significant (p = 0.021). The majority of children in both groups had white demarcated opacities. Children in both groups were more likely to have maxillary teeth affected than the mandibular teeth and the asymmetrical demarcated enamel defects were more common than the symmetric ones. Majority of opacities in children in both groups were on the maxillary incisors.


CONCLUSIONS
Children with intellectual disabilities have more developmental defects of enamel than children in the control group. Enamel defects increase caries risk and cause reduction in enamel mechanical properties leading to restoration failures.
- Dental Polyclinic Zagreb.
Vesna
V
Erika
- Dental Polyclinic Zagreb.
Modrić
- School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb.
Željko
Ž
Verzak
- School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb.
Zoran
Z
Karlović
Child; Dental Enamel; Intellectual Disability
Adv Dent Res. 1989 Sep;3(2):132-42
2701156
Eur J Oral Sci. 2011 Feb;119(1):33-9
21244509
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2010 Apr;11(2):65-74
20403300
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2005 Jun;6(2):79-83
16004536
Caries Res. 2010;44(6):509-18
20975268
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2010 Apr;11(2):75-81
20403301
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2011 Jan;21(1):23-8
20659182
Psychiatr Danub. 2012 Mar;24(1):38-43
22447084
Aust Dent J. 2013 Jun;58(2):133-40; quiz 266
23713631
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2002 Jan;12(1):24-32
11853245
Pediatr Dent. 2001 Jan-Feb;23(1):32-6
11242728
Acta Odontol Scand. 2001 Oct;59(5):255-60
11680642
J Appl Oral Sci. 2007 Dec;15(6):518-23
19089191
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1980 Feb;8(1):1-26
6929240
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2010 Apr;11(2):59-64
20403299
Clujul Med. 2015;88(3):288-92
26609258
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 02;9(10):e109351
25275499
J Dent. 2010 Jan;38(1):50-8
19737596
ASDC J Dent Child. 2002 May-Aug;69(2):151-5, 124
12515057
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2008 Dec;9(4):200-6
19054473
Pediatr Dent. 2007 Nov-Dec;29(6):514-20
18254423
J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Oct;9(10):ZC71-4
26557622