Textile Organic Electrochemical Transistors as a Platform for Wearable Biosensors.
The development of wearable chemical sensors is receiving a great deal of attention in view of non-invasive and continuous monitoring of physiological parameters in healthcare applications. This paper describes the development of a fully textile, wearable chemical sensor based on an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) entirely made of conductive polymer (PEDOT:PSS). The active polymer patterns are deposited into the fabric by screen printing processes, thus allowing the device to actually "disappear" into it. We demonstrate the reliability of the proposed textile OECTs as a platform for developing chemical sensors capable to detect in real-time various redox active molecules (adrenaline, dopamine and ascorbic acid), by assessing their performance in two different experimental contexts: i) ideal operation conditions (i.e. totally dipped in an electrolyte solution); ii) real-life operation conditions (i.e. by sequentially adding few drops of electrolyte solution onto only one side of the textile sensor). The OECTs response has also been measured in artificial sweat, assessing how these sensors can be reliably used for the detection of biomarkers in body fluids. Finally, the very low operating potentials (<1 V) and absorbed power (~10-4W) make the here described textile OECTs very appealing for portable and wearable applications.
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
I
I
Gualandi
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
M
M
Marzocchi
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica ed Elettronica, Università di Cagliari, Piazza D'Armi, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
A
A
Achilli
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
D
D
Cavedale
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica ed Elettronica, Università di Cagliari, Piazza D'Armi, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
A
A
Bonfiglio
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
B
B
Fraboni
Nat Mater. 2007 May;6(5):357-62
17406663
J Mater Chem B. 2013 Aug 21;1(31):3728-3741
32261126
IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed. 2010 Mar;14(2):364-70
20064761
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2013 Apr;405(11):3871-9
23392407
Adv Mater. 2014 Aug 27;26(32):5658-64
24924118
Analyst. 2013 Sep 21;138(18):5208-15
23775189
Curr Opin Neurol. 2013 Dec;26(6):602-8
24136126
Sci Rep. 2015 Oct 08;5:15003
26446346
Analyst. 2010 Jun;135(6):1230-4
20498876
Biosens Bioelectron. 2015 Dec 15;74:1061-8
26276541
J Mater Chem B. 2015 Sep 7;3(33):6753-6762
32262468
Diabetes Care. 2007 May;30(5):1125-30
17337488
Toxicol In Vitro. 2014 Feb;28(1):31-8
23811265
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2015 Jun;62(6):1457-65
25398174
Adv Mater. 2016 Jun;28(22):4485-8
26618790
J Mater Chem B. 2014 Sep 14;2(34):5620-5626
32262196
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2010 Jun;2(6):1637-41
20499881
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010 Feb;91(2):288-97
20159136
IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed. 2010 May;14(3):758-66
20371414
Nature. 2016 Jan 28;529(7587):509-514
26819044
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2016 Mar;63(3):540-9
26259215
J Mater Chem B. 2013 Aug 21;1(31):3820-3829
32261135
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2013 Jan;405(2-3):509-31
22941065
Biosens Bioelectron. 2011 Jul 15;26(11):4559-63
21652201
Adv Mater. 2012 Jan 3;24(1):34-51
22102447
Int J Anal Chem. 2015;2015:164974
25838824