Enzymatic activities of circulating plasma proteasomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients treated with carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone.
The proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib is highly effective in the treatment of multiple myeloma. It irreversibly binds the chymotrypsin-like active site in the β5 subunit of the 20S proteasome. Despite impressive response rates when carfilzomib is used in combination with immunomodulatory agents in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients; no biomarker exists to accurately predict response and clinical outcomes. We prospectively assessed the activity in peripheral blood of the chymotrypsin-like (CHYM), caspase-like (CASP) and trypsin-like (TRYP) proteolytic sites in 45 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients treated with eight cycles of carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (CRd) (NCT01402284). Samples were collected per protocol and proteasome activity measured through a fluorogenic assay. Median CHYM levels after one dose of carfilzomib decreased by >70%. CHYM and CASP activity decreased throughout treatment reaching a minimum after eight cycles of treatment. Higher levels of proteasome activity associated with higher disease burden (r > 0.30; p < 0.05) and higher disease stage (0.10 < p <0.20). No association was found with the probability of achieving a complete response, minimal residual disease negativity or time to best response. Further studies evaluating proteasome activity in malignant plasma cells may help elucidate how proteasome activity can be used as a biomarker in multiple myeloma.
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.|b Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine , University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA.
Elisabet E
EE
Manasanch
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.|c Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology , Hospital Clínic, Barcelona. Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain.
Carlos Fernández
CF
de Larrea
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Adriana
A
Zingone
d Biostastistics and Data Management Section, Office of the Clinical Director, Center for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Seth M
SM
Steinberg
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Mary
M
Kwok
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Nishant
N
Tageja
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Manisha
M
Bhutani
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Dickran
D
Kazandjian
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Mark
M
Roschewski
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Peter
P
Wu
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
George
G
Carter
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Diamond
D
Zuchlinski
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Marcia
M
Mulquin
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Liz
L
Lamping
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Rene
R
Costello
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Deborah
D
Burton
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Lindsay A
LA
Gil
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
William D
WD
Figg
e Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine , NIH Clinical Center , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Irina
I
Maric
e Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine , NIH Clinical Center , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Katherine R
KR
Calvo
f Flow Cytometry Unit, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Constance
C
Yuan
f Flow Cytometry Unit, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
Maryalice
M
Stetler-Stevenson
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.|g Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine , Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA.
Neha
N
Korde
a Multiple Myeloma Section , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.|g Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine , Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA.
Ola
O
Landgren
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000097:blood; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000175:diagnosis; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000097:blood*; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D015415:Biomarkers; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes; D009842:Oligopeptides; D013792:Thalidomide; C524865:carfilzomib; D003907:Dexamethasone; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D000077269:Lenalidomide
Proteasome; activity; biomarker; myeloma
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