NF-κB expression and its association with nutritional status in hemodialysis patients.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the association among the expressions of pro- and anti-inflammatory nuclear factors (nuclear factor-kappaB, NF-κB and nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2, Nrf2) and nutritional status in HD patients.


METHODS
This cross-sectional study included eighty-three HD patients. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and processed for the evaluation of NF-κB and Nrf2 RNAm expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Muscle mass was estimated by creatinine index (CI) and percentage of body fat (%BF) by anthropometry. Seven-point subjective global assessment was also used to evaluate the nutritional status.


RESULTS
The NF-κB expression was negatively correlated with CI (r = -0.54, p = 0.0001), serum albumin (r = -0.32, p = 0.02) and %BF (r = -0.61, p = 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that NF-κB expression was independently associated with CI (β: -0.8, p = 0.013) and %BF (β: -0.42, p = 0.04). There was no correlation among Nrf2 and anthropometric and biochemical variables.


CONCLUSIONS
The classical NF-κB activation seems to be associated with poor nutritional status in HD patients; however, the exact underlying mechanisms deserve further studies.
Medical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
Najla E
NE
Farage
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Cardiovasculares, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná, 303, 4o andar, Niterói, RJ, ZC: 24033-900, Brazil.
Milena B
MB
Stockler-Pinto
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Cardiovasculares, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná, 303, 4o andar, Niterói, RJ, ZC: 24033-900, Brazil. vivianeoleal@yahoo.com.br.
Viviane O
VO
Leal
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Cardiovasculares, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná, 303, 4o andar, Niterói, RJ, ZC: 24033-900, Brazil.
Ludmila Lmf
LL
Cardozo
Medicine Faculty, UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
José Carlos
JC
Carraro-Eduardo
Department of Nephrology, Centre Hopitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France.
Denis
D
Fouque
Medical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.|Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Cardiovasculares, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná, 303, 4o andar, Niterói, RJ, ZC: 24033-900, Brazil.
Denise
D
Mafra
D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013223:Statistics as Topic
D015415:Biomarkers; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D016328:NF-kappa B; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D012709:Serum Albumin; D003404:Creatinine
Hemodialysis; Inflammation; NF-κB; Nrf2; Nutrition
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