Peptides as a therapeutic avenue for nanocarrier-aided targeting of glioma.
Very few successful interventions have been possible in glioma therapy owing to its aggressive nature as well as its hindrance of targeted therapy together with the limited access afforded by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). With the advent of nanotechnology based delivery vehicles such as micelles, dendrimers, polymer-based nanoparticles and nanogels, the breach of the BBB has been facilitated. However, there remains the issue of targeted therapy for glioma cells. Peptide-mediated surface modification of nanocarriers serves this purpose, extending the ability to target glioma further than the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Areas covered: Here we have tried to re-establish the significance of peptides that could be used in various ways for treating glioma. Peptide-embellished nanocarriers used to deliver anticancer drugs; nucleic acids (siRNA, miRNA); micelles or dendrimers grafted with immunogenic glioma-derived peptides used for stimulating active immunity in vaccine therapy, glioma targets for cell penetrating peptides and homing to specific receptors are reviewed. Expert opinion: Peptides have multifunctional potential in targeting, BBB and cell penetration, and can serve as antagonists of various ligands and agonists of particular over-expressed receptors as discussed in this review. Using peptides in targeted personalized therapy would be one step forward and may offer new avenues for glioma therapeutics.
a Chemical Biology, Nano Drug Delivery Systems, Bio-Innovation Center (BIC) , Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala , India.
Mrunal Vitthal
MV
Wanjale
a Chemical Biology, Nano Drug Delivery Systems, Bio-Innovation Center (BIC) , Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala , India.
G S Vinod
GSV
Kumar
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D000080385:Nanogels; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011094:Polyethyleneimine
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D050091:Dendrimers; D008024:Ligands; D000080385:Nanogels; D010455:Peptides; C413692:polyethylene glycol polyethyleneimine nanogel; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011094:Polyethyleneimine
BBB; Glioma; cell penetrating and homing peptides; nanocarriers for glioma; peptide glioma; peptide vaccines