HER2 aberrations and heterogeneity in cancers of the digestive system: Implications for pathologists and gastroenterologists.
Management of cancers of the digestive system has progressed rapidly into the molecular era. Despite the significant recent achievements in the diagnosis and treatment of these patients, the number of deaths for these tumors has currently plateaued. Many investigations have assessed the role of HER2 in tumors of the digestive system in both prognostic and therapeutic settings, with heterogeneous results. Novel testing and treatment guidelines are emerging, in particular in gastric and colorectal cancers. However, further advances are needed. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-knowledge of HER2 alterations in the most common tumors of the digestive system and discuss the operational implications of HER2 testing.
Nicola Fusco, Silvano Bosari, Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Nicola
N
Fusco
Nicola Fusco, Silvano Bosari, Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Silvano
S
Bosari
D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018734:Genes, erbB-2 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*
D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human
Biliary tract cancer; Colon cancer; Digestive system; Esophageal cancer; Gallbladder cancer; Gastric cancer; Gastroesophageal junction cancer; Gastrointestinal tract; HER2; Liver cancer; Pancreas cancer
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