Chemical properties and biotoxicity of several chromium picolinate derivatives.
As a man-made additive, chromium picolinate Cr(pic)3has become a popular dietary supplement worldwide. In this paper Cr(pic)3and its new derivatives Cr(6-CH3-pic)3(1), [Cr(6-NH2-pic)2(H2O)2]NO3(2) and Cr(3-NH2-pic)3(3) were synthesized, and complexes 1 and 2 were characterized by X-ray crystal structure (where pic=2-carboxypyridine). The relationship between the chemical properties and biotoxicity of these complexes was fully discussed: (1) The dynamics stability of chromium picolinate complexes mainly depends on the CrN bonds length. (2) There is a positive correlation between the dynamics stability, electrochemical potentials and generation of reactive oxygen species through Fenton-like reaction. (3) However, no biological toxicity was observed through MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and sub-chronic oral toxicity study for these chromium picolinate compounds. Together, our findings establish a framework for understanding the structure-property-toxicity relationships of the chromium picolinate complexes.
Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China. Electronic address: liubin@sxu.edu.cn.
Bin
B
Liu
Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
Yanfei
Y
Liu
Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
Jie
J
Chai
Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
Xiangquan
X
Hu
The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Duoming
D
Wu
Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China. Electronic address: yangbs@sxu.edu.cn.
Binsheng
B
Yang
D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D003603:Cytotoxins; D010848:Picolinic Acids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C030614:picolinic acid
Chromium picolinate; Crystal structure; Cyclic voltammetry; Ovotransferrin; Toxicity