Theory-Based Cartographic Risk Model Development and Application for Home Fire Safety.
There is a gap in the use of predictive risk models to identify areas at risk for home fires and burn injury. The purpose of this study was to describe the creation, validation, and application of such a model using a sample from an intervention study with parents of newborns in Jefferson County, KY, as an example. Performed was a literature search to identify risk factors for home fires and burn injury in the target population. Obtained from the American Community Survey at the census tract level and synthesized to create a predictive cartographic risk model was risk factor data. Model validation was performed through correlation, regression, and Moran's I with fire incidence data from open records. Independent samples t-tests were used to examine the model in relation to geocoded participant addresses. Participant risk level for fire rate was determined and proximity to fire station service areas and hospitals. The model showed high and severe risk clustering in the northwest section of the county. Strongly correlated with fire rate was modeled risk; the best predictive model for fire risk contained home value (low), race (black), and non high school graduates. Applying the model to the intervention sample, the majority of participants were at lower risk and mostly within service areas closest to a fire department and hospital. Cartographic risk models were useful in identifying areas at risk and analyzing participant risk level. The methods outlined in this study are generalizable to other public health issues.
*University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Kentucky; †University of Louisville School of Nursing, Kentucky; and ‡Department of Geography and Geosciences, University of Louisville, Kentucky.
Stephen
S
Furmanek
Carlee
C
Lehna
Carol
C
Hanchette
D000061:Accidents, Home; D002056:Burns / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005390:Fires / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors