Evaluation of cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of fungicide formulation Tango®Super in bovine lymphocytes.
Tango®Super is a two-compound fungicide formulation widely employed in grain protection. However, details of Tango®Super effects on cell cultures have not been fully investigated. In this study, bovine lymphocytes were exposed to a concentration range 0.5; 1.5; 3; 6; and 15 μg mL-1for 4 h to assess the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the fungicide. Our experiments revealed that this fungicide treatment reduced cell viability, decreased cell proliferation and provoked apoptotic cell death. Cell cycle analysis showed predominant accumulation of cells in the G0/G1phase of the cell cycle. The fungicide was able to induce mitochondrial superoxide production accompanied by elevated levels of carbonylated proteins and changes in the lipid membrane composition. The fungicide did not induce micronuclei production, but stimulated both DNA double-strand breaks and the formation of p53 binding protein, which is accumulated during the DNA repair process at the site of double-strand breaks. Based on the obtained data we suppose that the fungicide-induced DNA damage is the result of oxidative stress, which may contribute to higher occurrence of apoptotic cell death. Because ergosterol biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicides are widely used in agriculture to ensure higher crop yields and may cause health impairment of animals and humans, there is a need for further testing to elucidate their potential genotoxic effects using in vivo and/or in vitro systems.
Institute of Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: viera.schwarzbacherova@uvlf.sk.
Viera
V
Schwarzbacherová
Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Maciej
M
Wnuk
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
Anna
A
Lewinska
Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Leszek
L
Potocki
Department of Plant Physiology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland.
Jacek
J
Zebrowski
Department of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland.
Marek
M
Koziorowski
Institute of Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic.
Beáta
B
Holečková
Institute of Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic.
Katarína
K
Šiviková
Institute of Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic.
Ján
J
Dianovský
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001393:Azoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002417:Cattle; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes; D009025:Morpholines / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014230:Triazoles / Q000633:toxicity*
D001393:Azoles; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D009025:Morpholines; D014230:Triazoles; C000614523:tango super; C050435:fenpropimorph; C109476:epoxiconazole
Bovine lymphocytes; Cytotoxicity; Genotoxicity; Oxidative stress; Tango fungicide