Association of hypertension-related distress with lack of self-care among hypertensive patients.
Research on factors associated with poor adherence to self-care focuses primarily on psychiatric emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety, whereas non-psychiatric chronic-disease-related emotional distress has received little attention in hypertensive patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of hypertension-related distress with the lack of self-care including low adherence to pharmacological treatment, lack of regular physical activity, low intake of fruits and vegetables and frequent intake of high-salt foods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2014 in two family medical units affiliated with the Mexican Institute of Social Security. The study included 487 hypertensive patients >19 years of age. The conceptual framework for the study was based on the Health Promotion Model. The analysis included multiple Poisson regression models. We found that 21.1% of participants had hypertension-related distress. Low adherence to pharmacological treatment was identified in 45.8% of patients, whereas 46.8% lacked regular physical activity, 30.8% reported a low consumption of fruits and vegetables, and 54.6% frequently consumed foods high in salt content. Hypertension-related distress was associated with lack of regular physical activity and low intake of fruits and vegetables. These findings highlight the importance of addressing distress in order to improve self-care of hypertensive patients.
a Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit, CMN Siglo XXI , Mexican Institute of Social Security , Mexico City , Mexico.
Svetlana V
SV
Doubova
a Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit, CMN Siglo XXI , Mexican Institute of Social Security , Mexico City , Mexico.
Ingrid Patricia
IP
Martinez-Vega
b Departamento de Farmacología de la Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , Mexico City , Mexico.
Rebeca
R
Aguirre-Hernandez
c Division of Social Protection and Health , Inter-American Development Bank , Mexico City , Mexico.
Ricardo
R
Pérez-Cuevas
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D012648:Self Care; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
Distress; fruits and vegetables intake; hypertension; pharmacological adherence; physical activity