Pure small cell carcinoma of the prostate preceded by acute zonal occult outer retinopathy: A case report.
BACKGROUND
Pure small cell prostate cancer (SCPC) cases are very rare. Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) has been described as a non-neoplastic retinopathy. We report the first case of pure SCPC preceded by AZOOR in the literature.


METHODS
A 59year old gentleman presented with an obstructed infected urinary system. He had a diagnosis of AZOOR 6 months ago that was investigated with full body imaging without any suspicious findings. However, the most recent CT findings demonstrated extensive disease dissemination. The patient underwent rigid cystoscopy and resection that confirmed a diagnosis of pure SCPC.


CONCLUSIONS
AZOOR is a clinical syndrome of photopsia and rapid zonal field loss. The exact aetiology remains unknown and its association with malignancy remains contentious. Paraneoplastic manifestations of unexplained visual loss in SCPC are rare with only 2 cases reported in the literature. There are no cases demonstrating an association between AZOOR and SCPC.


CONCLUSIONS
Pure SCPC is an aggressive malignancy with most cases presenting with extensive disease dissemination on diagnosis. Early detection has a role in improving prognosis but is challenging. Further research is required to establish a standard treatment protocol.
Department of Urology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia. Electronic address: danielching.lh@gmail.com.
Daniel
D
Ching
Department of Urology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
Matthew
M
Brown
Department of Pathology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
Cindy
C
Forrest
Department of Urology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
Dickon
D
Hayne
Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy; Prostate neoplasms
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