NMR Scalar Couplings across Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds between Zinc-Finger Histidine Side Chains and DNA Phosphate Groups.
NMR scalar couplings across hydrogen bonds represent direct evidence for the partial covalent nature of hydrogen bonds and provide structural and dynamic information on hydrogen bonding. In this article, we report heteronuclear15N-31P and1H-31P scalar couplings across the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between protein histidine (His) imidazole and DNA phosphate groups. These hydrogen-bond scalar couplings were observed for the Egr-1 zinc-finger-DNA complex. Although His side-chain NH protons are typically undetectable in heteronuclear1H-15N correlation spectra due to rapid hydrogen exchange, this complex exhibited two His side-chain NH signals around1H 14.3 ppm and15N 178 ppm at 35 °C. Through various heteronuclear multidimensional NMR experiments, these signals were assigned to two zinc-coordinating His side chains in contact with DNA phosphate groups. The data show that the Nδ1atoms of these His side chains are protonated and exhibit the1H-15N cross-peaks. Using heteronuclear1H,15N, and31P NMR experiments, we observed the hydrogen-bond scalar couplings between the His15Nδ1/1Hδ1and DNA phosphate31P nuclei. These results demonstrate the direct involvement of the zinc-coordinating His side chains in the recognition of DNA by the Cys2His2-class zinc fingers in solution.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas 77555-1068, United States.
Abhijnan
A
Chattopadhyay
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas 77555-1068, United States.
Alexandre
A
Esadze
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas 77555-1068, United States.
Sourav
S
Roy
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas 77555-1068, United States.
Junji
J
Iwahara
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