Temporal patterns in the soundscape of the shallow waters of a Mediterranean marine protected area.
The study of marine soundscapes is an emerging field of research that contributes important information about biological compositions and environmental conditions. The seasonal and circadian soundscape trends of a marine protected area (MPA) in the Mediterranean Sea have been studied for one year using an autonomous acoustic recorder. Frequencies less than 1 kHz are dominated by noise generated by waves and are louder during the winter; conversely, higher frequencies (4-96 kHz) are dominated by snapping shrimp, which increase their acoustic activity at night during the summer. Fish choruses, below 2 kHz, characterize the soundscape at sunset during the summer. Because there are 13 vessel passages per hour on average, causing acoustic interference with fish choruses 46% of the time, this MPA cannot be considered to be protected from noise. On the basis of the high seasonal variability of the soundscape components, this study proposes a one-year acoustic monitoring protocol using the soundscape methodology approach and discusses the concept of MPA size.
National Research Council - Institute for Coastal Marine Environment - Bioacousticslab Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 6 - 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara (TP), Italy.
Giuseppa
G
Buscaino
National Research Council - Institute for Coastal Marine Environment - Bioacousticslab Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 6 - 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara (TP), Italy.|Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA) - University of Urbino- Campus Scientifico "Enrico Mattei"- 61029 Urbino, Italy.
Maria
M
Ceraulo
Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA) - University of Urbino- Campus Scientifico "Enrico Mattei"- 61029 Urbino, Italy.
Nadia
N
Pieretti
National Research Council - Institute for Coastal Marine Environment - Bioacousticslab Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 6 - 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara (TP), Italy.
Valentina
V
Corrias
Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA) - University of Urbino- Campus Scientifico "Enrico Mattei"- 61029 Urbino, Italy.
Almo
A
Farina
National Research Council - Institute for Coastal Marine Environment - Bioacousticslab Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 6 - 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara (TP), Italy.
Francesco
F
Filiciotto
National Research Council - Institute for Coastal Marine Environment - Bioacousticslab Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 6 - 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara (TP), Italy.
Vincenzo
V
Maccarrone
National Research Council - Institute for Coastal Marine Environment - Bioacousticslab Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 6 - 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara (TP), Italy.
Rosario
R
Grammauta
National Research Council - Institute for Coastal Marine Environment - Bioacousticslab Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 6 - 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara (TP), Italy.
Francesco
F
Caruso
ENEA - Observations and Analyses of Earth and Climate -Via Principe di Granatelli, 24 - 90139 Palermo, Italy.
Alonge
A
Giuseppe
National Research Council - Institute for Coastal Marine Environment - Bioacousticslab Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 6 - 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara (TP), Italy.
Salvatore
S
Mazzola
Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):221
15821083
Science. 2000 Sep 22;289(5487):2114-7
11000111
Oecologia. 2008 Jul;156(4):921-9
18461369
Mar Environ Res. 2010 Apr;69(3):136-42
19828191
J Acoust Soc Am. 2008 Mar;123(3):1720-8
18345859
J Acoust Soc Am. 2013 Jul;134(1):891-900
23862895
J Acoust Soc Am. 2014 Jan;135(1):502-12
24437790
PLoS One. 2015 Apr 08;10(4):e0121711
25853825
Trends Ecol Evol. 2010 Jul;25(7):419-27
20483503
J Acoust Soc Am. 2012 Sep;132(3):1792-8
22978906
Nature. 2014 Feb 13;506(7487):216-20
24499817
Ecol Lett. 2008 May;11(5):481-9
18294212
J Acoust Soc Am. 2013 May;133(5):2586-96
23654367
Biol Lett. 2011 Feb 23;7(1):33-5
20610418
J Acoust Soc Am. 2007 Dec;122(6):3725-31
18247780
PLoS One. 2016 Jan 13;11(1):e0143691
26761645
Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 11;6:19098
26750559
Ecology. 2012 Jan;93(1):46-55
22486086
Adv Mar Biol. 2006;51:143-96
16905427
Proc Biol Sci. 2012 Sep 7;279(1742):3622-31
22673354