Smoking Prevalence and Its Clinical Correlations in Patients with Narcolepsy-cataplexy.
Narcolepsy-cataplexy (NC) is a chronic neurological disease with suggested autoimmune etiopathogenesis. Nicotine stimulates central nervous system and smoking increases the risk of autoimmune diseases. Assessment of smoking habits and its correlation to clinical parameters among 87 adult NC patients (38 male, 49 female) included night polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test. In our sample, 43.7% NC patients were regular smokers, and 19.5% former smokers compared to 22.2%, and 12.6%, respectively, in the general population. Patients started to smoke in the mean age of 20.0 (SD ±6.0) years. 72.2% of NC smokers started to smoke before the onset of NC and the mean of the delay between smoking onset and NC onset was 9.1 (±5.8) years. We found a direct correlation between smoking duration and the number of awakenings, duration of N1 sleep, REM sleep latency, and apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI), and, on the contrary, indirect correlation between smoking duration and N3 sleep duration, showing that smoking duration consistently correlates with sleep macrostructure. Smoking is highly prevalent in NC and has relationship with clinical features of NC.
Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Pavla
P
Peřinová
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Košice, Slovak Republic.
Eva
E
Feketeová
Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
David
D
Kemlink
Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Petra
P
Kovalská
Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Karolína
K
Chlebušová
Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Jiří
J
Nepožitek
Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Veronika
V
Ibarburu
Centre for Tobacco-Dependent, 3rd Department of Medicine - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.|Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Eva
E
Králíková
Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Soňa
S
Nevšímalová
Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. ksonka@lf1.cuni.cz.
Karel
K
Šonka
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002385:Cataplexy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D018153:Czech Republic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009290:Narcolepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants
Etiopathogenesis; Narcolepsy-cataplexy; Nicotine; Smoking; Stimulating effect