Antihyperglycemic and Insulin Secretagogue Activities ofAbrus precatoriusLeaf Extract.
OBJECTIVE
Abrus precatoriusleaves methanolic extract (APME) was evaluated forin vivoantihyperglycemic activity andin vitroinsulinotropic effect.


METHODS
In vivoantihyperglycemic and insulin secretagogue activities were assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by oral administration of APME (200 mg/kg body weight [bw]) for 28 days.In vitroinsulin secretion mechanisms were studied using mouse insulinoma beta cells (MIN6-β).In vivobody weight and blood glucose andin vivoandin vitroinsulin levels were estimated.


RESULTS
In diabetic rats, APME treatment significantly restored body weight (26.39%), blood glucose (32.39%), and insulin levels (73.95%) in comparison to diabetic control rats. In MIN6-β cells, APME potentiated insulin secretion in a dependent manner of glucose (3-16.7 mM) and extract (5-500 μg/mL) concentration. Insulin secretagogue effect was demonstrated in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methyl xanthine, glibenclamide, elevated extracellular calcium, and K+depolarized media. Insulin release was reduced in the presence of nifedipine, ethylene glycol tetra acetic acid (calcium blocking agents), and diazoxide (potassium channel opener).


CONCLUSIONS
The study suggests that APME antihyperglycemic activity might involve the insulin secretagogue effect by pancreatic beta cells physiological pathways via K+-ATP channel dependent and independently, along with an effect on Ca2+channels.


CONCLUSIONS
Abrus precatoriusleaves methanolic extract (APME) showed a significant anti hyperglycemic and insulin secretagogue activities in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Also demonstrated a potentIn vitroinsulin secretagogue effect in mouse insulinoma beta cells (MIN6-β)APME treatment significantly restored body weight (26.39%), reduced blood glucose (32.39%) and enhanced circulatory insulin levels (73.95%) in diabetic ratsAPME demonstrated glucose and extract dose dependent insulin secretionInsulin secretagogue effect was demonstrated in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methyl xanthine, glibenclamide, elevated extracellular calcium and K+ depolarized media. Insulin release was reduced in the presence of nifedipine and ethylene glycol tetra acetic acid (Calcium blocking agents), diazoxide (potassium channel opener)The insulinotropic effect of APME involves a physiologic effect on K+-ATP channel and Ca2+channelsAbbreviations Used: ANOVA: Analysis of variance, CMC: Carboxy methyl cellulose, cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, CaCl: Calcium chloride, AP:Abrus precatorius, APME:Abrus precatoriusmethanolic extract, DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, DMSO: Dimethyl sulphoxide, EGTA: Ethylene glycol tetra acetic acid, FCS: Fetal calf serum, IBMX: 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, KCl: Potassium chloride, KRB: Kreb's Ringer buffer, MIN6: Mouse insulinoma cell line, MTT: 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide, STZ: Streptozotocin.
Department of Pharmacognosy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, India.
Balekari
B
Umamahesh
Department of Pharmacognosy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, India.
Ciddi
C
Veeresham
Calcium; K+-ATP channel; diabetes; glibenclamide; insulin secretagogue; mouse insulinoma beta cells
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