Quantification and biodistribution of iron oxide nanoparticles in the primary clearance organs of mice using T1contrast for heating.
To use contrast based on longitudinal relaxation times (T1) or rates (R1) to quantify the biodistribution of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), which are of interest for hyperthermia therapy, cell targeting, and drug delivery, within primary clearance organs.



Mesoporous silica-coated IONPs (msIONPs) were intravenously injected into 15 naïve mice. Imaging and mapping of the longitudinal relaxation rate constant at 24 h or 1 week postinjection were performed with an echoless pulse sequence (SWIFT). Alternating magnetic field heating measurements were also performed on ex vivo tissues.



Signal enhancement from positive T1contrast caused by IONPs was observed and quantified in vivo in liver, spleen, and kidney at concentrations up to 3.2 mg Fe/(g tissue wt.) (61 mM Fe). In most cases, each organ had a linear correlation between the R1and the tissue iron concentration despite variations in intra-organ distribution, degradation, and IONP surface charge. Linear correlation between R1and volumetric SAR in hyperthermia therapy was observed.



The linear dependence between R1and tissue iron concentration in major organs allows quantitative monitoring of IONP biodistribution in a dosage range relevant to magnetic hyperthermia applications, which falls into the concentration gap between CT and conventional MRI techniques. Magn Reson Med 78:702-712, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Jinjin
J
Zhang
Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.|Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Hattie L
HL
Ring
Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Katie R
KR
Hurley
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Qi
Q
Shao
Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Cathy S
CS
Carlson
Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Djaudat
D
Idiyatullin
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Navid
N
Manuchehrabadi
Department of Surgery and Radiation Oncology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
P Jack
PJ
Hoopes
Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Christy L
CL
Haynes
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
John C
JC
Bischof
Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Michael
M
Garwood
D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D003287:Contrast Media; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles
SWIFT; biodistribution; hyperthermia; iron oxide nanoparticle; primary clearance organs
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