Measuring vascular reactivity with resting-state blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal fluctuations: A potential alternative to the breath-holding challenge?
Measurement of the ability of blood vessels to dilate and constrict, known as vascular reactivity, is often performed with breath-holding tasks that transiently raise arterial blood carbon dioxide (PaCO2) levels. However, following the proper commands for a breath-holding experiment may be difficult or impossible for many patients. In this study, we evaluated two approaches for obtaining vascular reactivity information using blood oxygenation level-dependent signal fluctuations obtained from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data: physiological fluctuation regression and coefficient of variation of the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signal. We studied a cohort of 28 older adults (69 ± 7 years) and found that six of them (21%) could not perform the breath-holding protocol, based on an objective comparison with an idealized respiratory waveform. In the subjects that could comply, we found a strong linear correlation between data extracted from spontaneous resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signal fluctuations and the blood oxygenation level-dependent percentage signal change during breath-holding challenge ( R2= 0.57 and 0.61 for resting-state physiological fluctuation regression and resting-state coefficient of variation methods, respectively). This technique may eliminate the need for subject cooperation, thus allowing the evaluation of vascular reactivity in a wider range of clinical and research conditions in which it may otherwise be impractical.
1 Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Hesamoddin
H
Jahanian
1 Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Thomas
T
Christen
1 Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Michael E
ME
Moseley
2 Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Nicholas M
NM
Pajewski
3 Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, and the Neuroscience Program, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Clinton B
CB
Wright
4 Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.|5 Division of Nephrology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Manjula
M
Kurella Tamura
1 Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Greg
G
Zaharchuk
D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D062485:Breath Holding; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
D010100:Oxygen
Blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast; brain imaging; breath-holding challenge; cerebral hemodynamics; cerebrospinal fluid; cerebrovascular disease; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hemodynamics; magnetic resonance; magnetic resonance imaging; resting state fMRI; vascular cognitive impairment
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jun 15;89(12):5675-9
1608978
Neuroimage. 2007 Aug 1;37(1):90-101
17560126
Magn Reson Med. 2001 Jun;45(6):1011-3
11378878
Ann Neurol. 2013 Jan;73(1):136-40
23378326
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2011 Feb;31(2):426-38
20959855
Neuroimage. 2013 Dec;83:559-68
23845426
Neuroimage. 2001 Jun;13(6 Pt 1):1207-11
11352626
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007 Sep;8(9):700-11
17704812
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2000 Apr;11(4):438-44
10767073
Clin Trials. 2014 Oct;11(5):532-46
24902920
Neuroimage. 2015 Jun;113:387-96
25795342
Neuroimage. 2016 Jul 15;135:223-31
26908316
Neuroimage. 2016 Jan 1;124(Pt A):24-31
26327245
Neuroimage. 2009 Feb 1;44(3):893-905
18976716
Neuroimage. 1998 Jan;7(1):30-40
9500830
Neuroimage. 2009 Mar;45(1 Suppl):S187-98
19084070
IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2001 Jan;20(1):45-57
11293691
Neurology. 2009 Feb 17;72(7):643-9
19221298
PLoS One. 2013 Jul 02;8(7):e67652
23844047
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2003 May;23(5):565-73
12771571
Neuroimage. 2009 Feb 1;44(3):857-69
18951982
Neuroimage. 2004 Apr;21(4):1652-64
15050588
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 13;9(2):e88751
24551151
Neuroimage. 2015 Jan 1;104:266-77
25462695
Neuroimage. 2006 Jul 15;31(4):1536-48
16632379
Kidney Int. 2002 Feb;61(2):564-9
11849397
Neurology. 2014 Oct 14;83(16):1424-31
25217057
PLoS One. 2014 Mar 20;9(3):e92539
24651703
Neuroimage. 2006 Jan 1;29(1):54-66
16099175
Magn Reson Med. 2000 Jul;44(1):162-7
10893535
Hum Brain Mapp. 2011 Jul;32(7):1125-40
20665721
Cereb Cortex. 2012 Jan;22(1):158-65
21616982
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1997 Oct;18(9):1763-70
9367329
JAMA. 2000 Apr 26;283(16):2122-7
10791504
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2001 Aug 29;356(1412):1293-322
11545704
J Neurosurg. 2005 Aug;103(2):347-55
16175867
Neuroimage. 2011 Jan 1;54(1):369-79
20682354
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2015 Feb;41(2):424-30
24419985
Radiology. 2013 Feb;266(2):592-8
23204541
Neuroimage. 1999 Feb;9(2):243-9
9927553
Neuroimage. 2008 May 1;40(4):1567-74
18343159
Neuroimage. 2014 Sep;98:31-41
24769177
Hum Brain Mapp. 2007 Sep;28(9):846-59
17094119
Neuroimage. 2016 Sep;138:147-163
27177763
Magn Reson Med. 1995 Oct;34(4):537-41
8524021