Biofilm Forming Lactobacillus: New Challenges for the Development of Probiotics.
Probiotics are live bacteria, generally administered in food, conferring beneficial effects to the host because they help to prevent or treat diseases, the majority of which are gastrointestinal. Numerous investigations have verified the beneficial effect of probiotic strains in biofilm form, including increased resistance to temperature, gastric pH and mechanical forces to that of their planktonic counterparts. In addition, the development of new encapsulation technologies, which have exploited the properties of biofilms in the creation of double coated capsules, has given origin to fourth generation probiotics. Up to now, reviews have focused on the detrimental effects of biofilms associated with pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, this work aims to amalgamate information describing the biofilms of Lactobacillus strains which are used as probiotics, particularly L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, L. reuteri, and L. fermentum. Additionally, we have reviewed the development of probiotics using technology inspired by biofilms.
Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile. mariajosesalasjara@gmail.com.
María José
MJ
Salas-Jara
Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile. aleilabaca@udec.cl.
Alejandra
A
Ilabaca
Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile. mco.vga@gmail.com.
Marco
M
Vega
Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile. apgarcia@udec.cl.
Apolinaria
A
García
Lactobacillus; biofilm; encapsulation; probiotics
Microbes Infect. 2002 Mar;4(3):319-24
11909742
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2005 Apr;16(2):204-11
15831388
J Pediatr Surg. 2016 Jun;51(6):936-41
27032609
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2010 Aug 1;309(2):184-92
20618863
Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Sep;8(9):881-90
12194761
J Appl Microbiol. 2012 Dec;113(6):1517-29
22897406
J Food Prot. 2004 Dec;67(12):2712-8
15633676
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1977 Jan;33(1):79-84
836025
Proteomics. 2015 Jul;15(13):2244-57
25728239
Ann Trop Paediatr. 1993;13(2):121-31
7687108
Arch Microbiol. 2016 Sep;198(7):689-700
27146055
BMC Genomics. 2015 Dec 01;16:1023
26626322
Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2003 Jul;29(6):713-24
12889789
Microbiology (Reading). 2014 Apr;160(Pt 4):795-806
24509500
Int J Pharm. 2009 Mar 31;370(1-2):54-60
19059323
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2002;56:187-209
12142477
Am J Clin Nutr. 1974 Nov;27(11):1305-12
4217100
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Aug;74(15):4711-8
18539797
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2011;75(3):511-5
21389622
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996 Jul;62(7):2244-51
8779562
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Nov;73(21):6768-75
17827316
Clin Ther. 2015 Sep;37(9):2143-7
26233470
Can J Microbiol. 2005 Jun;51(6):483-9
16121226
BMC Microbiol. 2009 Feb 11;9:35
19210794
J Appl Microbiol. 2008 Jun;104(6):1667-74
18194256
Mol Microbiol. 2001 Jul;41(2):463-76
11489131
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2012 Aug;333(1):10-9
22563647
Int J Food Microbiol. 2015 Aug 17;207:23-9
25965141
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Jun;75(11):3554-63
19346339
Int Wound J. 2015 Aug;12(4):469-83
24028432
J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2012 Jan;3(1):68-74
22470897
PLoS Genet. 2011 Feb;7(2):e1001314
21379339
Int J Food Microbiol. 2010 Aug 15;142(1-2):185-9
20659775
Mediators Inflamm. 2013;2013:237921
23576850
Nature. 1979 Mar 15;278(5701):261-3
218111
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Apr;45(4):999-1007
11257008
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;897:33-44
26577529
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Apr;79(8):2657-69
23396346
J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2014 Oct;47(5):429-37
23757373
Wound Repair Regen. 2012 Jul-Aug;20(4):552-62
22642376
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Jun;73(11):3595-604
17434999
Curr Issues Intest Microbiol. 2002 Sep;3(2):39-48
12400637
Food Microbiol. 2016 Feb;53(Pt A):51-9
26611169
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2012 Jul;57(4):263-7
22488103
J Bacteriol. 1994 Apr;176(8):2137-42
8157581
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2008;53(1):61-6
18481220
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2002 Sep;31(5):485-94
12379833
Curr Issues Intest Microbiol. 2002 Sep;3(2):23-7
12400635
PLoS One. 2009 Dec 01;4(12):e8099
19956615
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2000 Sep 1;190(1):177-80
10981710
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 15;108 Suppl 1:4645-52
20615995
Nat Prod Rep. 2009 Jun;26(6):746-57
19471683
Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Feb;73(2 Suppl):365S-373S
11157343
Arch Microbiol. 2015 Oct;197(8):1027-32
26267163
J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Jun;91(8):1341-8
21445871
Biomacromolecules. 2013 Sep 9;14(9):3214-22
23985031
J Food Sci. 2007 Oct;72(8):M310-5
17995611
Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004 Jun;12(3):185-90
15167027
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2011 Aug 1;86(1):58-64
21497071
J Res Med Sci. 2015 Oct;20(10):950-7
26929759
J Biosci Bioeng. 2008 Oct;106(4):381-6
19000615
Infect Immun. 1990 Jun;58(6):1995-8
1971261
Anaerobe. 2016 Oct;41:51-57
27180657
Carbohydr Polym. 2014 Mar 15;103:587-95
24528770
Science. 1999 May 21;284(5418):1318-22
10334980
J Bacteriol. 2002 Feb;184(4):1140-54
11807075
World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Feb 14;20(6):1450-69
24587621
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Jan;65(1):351-4
9872808
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002 Apr;15(2):167-93
11932229
Dig Dis Sci. 2004 Aug;49(7-8):1095-102
15387328
Food Microbiol. 2009 Sep;26(6):592-7
19527834
Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2009 Apr;21(1):1-27
19381356
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Feb;77(4):1335-43
21169430