Fourier-Transform Ghost Imaging with Hard X Rays.
Knowledge gained through x-ray crystallography fostered structural determination of materials and greatly facilitated the development of modern science and technology in the past century. However, it is only applied to crystalline structures and cannot resolve noncrystalline materials. Here we demonstrate a novel lensless Fourier-transform ghost imaging method with pseudothermal hard x rays that extends x-ray crystallography to noncrystalline samples. By measuring the second-order intensity correlation function of the light, Fourier-transform diffraction pattern of a complex amplitude sample is achieved at the Fresnel region in our experiment and the amplitude and phase distributions of the sample in the spatial domain are retrieved successfully. For the first time, ghost imaging is experimentally realized with x rays. Since a highly coherent x-ray source is not required, the method can be implemented with laboratory x-ray sources and it also provides a potential solution for lensless diffraction imaging with fermions, such as neutrons and electrons where intensive coherent sources usually are not available.
Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics and Centre for Cold Atom Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Hong
H
Yu
Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics and Centre for Cold Atom Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Ronghua
R
Lu
Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics and Centre for Cold Atom Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Shensheng
S
Han
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Honglan
H
Xie
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Guohao
G
Du
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Tiqiao
T
Xiao
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.|University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA.
Daming
D
Zhu