Increased chitotriosidase activity in plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes.
BACKGROUND
Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) is a chitinolytic enzyme involved mainly in the immune and inflammatory response. It shows increased activity in many pathologies, including in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to investigate this enzyme's activity in plasma of patients with ongoing T2D and indicate factors related to the increased activity of this enzyme.


METHODS
Ninety-one patients and 46 control subjects without abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism and inflammatory states were enrolled in the study. Plasma CHIT1 activity was measured by a spectrofluorometric method. Routine laboratory parameters such as blood glucose, total cholesterol and HDL fraction, triglyceride, glycated hemoglobin, white blood cell count and C-reactive protein were measured by standard methods.


RESULTS
We found that the chitotriosidase activity was significantly higher (p< 0.001) in type 2 diabetic patients and positively associated with parameters of glycemic control (levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin) and blood pressure. Plasma glucose level and systolic blood pressure were independent determinants of increased CHIT1 activity in T2D patients, even after adjustment for disease duration, body mass index, parameters of inflammation and lipid metabolism. We also found that increased CHIT1 activity was associated with occurrence of diabetic angiopathies.


CONCLUSIONS
This investigation indicates a possible role of chitotriosidase in the course of T2D, especially in relation to development of diabetic angiopathies.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Ewa
E
Żurawska-Płaksej
Department and Clinic of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Maria
M
Knapik-Kordecka
Department of Toxicology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Anna
A
Rorbach-Dolata
Department of Toxicology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Agnieszka
A
Piwowar
chitinase; diabetic angiopathies; glucose; systolic blood pressure; type 2 diabetes
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