3D printed alendronate-releasing poly(caprolactone) porous scaffolds enhance osteogenic differentiation and bone formation in rat tibial defects.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro osteogenic effects and in vivo new bone formation of three-dimensional (3D) printed alendronate (Aln)-releasing poly(caprolactone) (PCL) (Aln/PCL) scaffolds in rat tibial defect models. 3D printed Aln/PCL scaffolds were fabricated via layer-by-layer deposition. The fabricated Aln/PCL scaffolds had high porosity and an interconnected pore structure and showed sustained Aln release. In vitro studies showed that MG-63 cells seeded on the Aln/PCL scaffolds displayed increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium content in a dose-dependent manner when compared with cell cultures in PCL scaffolds. In addition, in vivo animal studies and histologic evaluation showed that Aln/PCL scaffolds implanted in a rat tibial defect model markedly increased new bone formation and mineralized bone tissues in a dose-dependent manner compared to PCL-only scaffolds. Our results show that 3D printed Aln/PCL scaffolds are promising templates for bone tissue engineering applications.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical College, Guro Hospital, #80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 152-703, Korea. These authors contributed equally to this paper.
Sung Eun
SE
Kim
Young-Pil
YP
Yun
Kyu-Sik
KS
Shim
Hak-Jun
HJ
Kim
Kyeongsoon
K
Park
Hae-Ryong
HR
Song
D019386:Alendronate / Q000737:chemistry; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013977:Tibia; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
D011091:Polyesters; C016240:polycaprolactone; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium; D019386:Alendronate