IDIOS: An innovative index for evaluating dental imaging-based osteoporosis screening indices.
OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to develop a new index as an objective reference for evaluating current and newly developed indices used for osteoporosis screening based on dental images. Its name; IDIOS, stands for Index of Dental-imaging Indices of Osteoporosis Screening.


METHODS
A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted to retrieve studies on dental imaging-based indices for osteoporosis screening. The results of the eligible studies, along with other relevant criteria, were used to develop IDIOS, which has scores ranging from 0 (0%) to 15 (100%). The indices presented in the studies we included were then evaluated using IDIOS.


RESULTS
The 104 studies that were included utilized 24, 4, and 9 indices derived from panoramic, periapical, and computed tomographic/cone-beam computed tomographic techniques, respectively. The IDIOS scores for these indices ranged from 0 (0%) to 11.75 (78.32%).


CONCLUSIONS
IDIOS is a valuable reference index that facilitates the evaluation of other dental imaging-based osteoporosis screening indices. Furthermore, IDIOS can be utilized to evaluate the accuracy of newly developed indices.
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.; Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria.
Imad
I
Barngkgei
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Esam
E
Halboub
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen.
Abeer Abdulkareem
AA
Almashraqi
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
Razan
R
Khattab
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
Iyad
I
Al Haffar
Absorptiometry, Photon; Diagnosis; Osteoporosis; Radiography, Dental
Int Dent J. 2007 Dec;57(6):433-8
18265776
Osteoporos Int. 2005 Aug;16(8):999-1003
15605191
Oral Dis. 2010 May;16(4):316-27
19671082
Maturitas. 2008 Mar 20;59(3):226-33
18342460
Bone. 2007 Apr;40(4):835-42
17188590
Scand J Dent Res. 1994 Feb;102(1):68-72
8153584
Osteoporos Int. 2010 May;21(5):831-6
19629615
Osteoporos Int. 2005 Mar;16(3):339-46
15726238
Spec Care Dentist. 1995 May-Jun;15(3):124-8
8619174
Acta Radiol. 2010 Sep;51(7):789-92
20586662
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2014 Sep;228(9):890-8
25179243
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2008 Jul;37(5):274-81
18606749
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2013 Sep;60(9):2384-92
23568478
J Dent (Tehran). 2010 Spring;7(2):98-106
21998782
Radiol Clin North Am. 2010 May;48(3):xv
20609885
Eur J Oral Sci. 2013 Dec;121(6):525-31
24102691
J Clin Densitom. 2007 Apr-Jun;10 (2):138-46
17449308
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2007 Mar;36(3):149-54
17463099
J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Sep;29(9):796-802
12423291
J Prosthet Dent. 1989 Dec;62(6):703-7
2585328
South Med J. 2001 Jun;94(6):569-73
11440324
Bone. 2004 Aug;35(2):403-11
15268890
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004 Dec;183(6):1755-60
15547223
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011 Mar 01;16(2):e181-4
21196842
Br J Radiol. 1996 Nov;69(827):1019-25
8958019
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012 Apr;113(4):549-58.e1
22668434
Eur Radiol. 1998;8(9):1558-64
9866761
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2006 Jan;35(1):1-9
16421256
J Res Med Sci. 2013 Nov;18(11):951-5
24520232
Osteoporos Int. 2012 May;23 (5):1631-6
21633828
Osteoporos Int. 2011 Jun;22(6):1915-25
20886206
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2006 May;35(3):178-84
16618852
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010 Mar;109 (3):449-56
20219601
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008 Sep;106(3):433-42
18299222
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2010 Oct;39(7):409-13
20841458
J Pak Med Assoc. 2014 Jul;64(7):766-9
25255583
Br Dent J. 2008 May 24;204(10 ):E16; discussion 560-1
18425076
Scand J Dent Res. 1993 Aug;101(4):219-23
8362200
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008 Aug;106(2):285-93
18299223
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006 Nov;102(5):663-8
17052644
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2002 Nov;31(6):361-7
12424634
Osteoporos Int. 2006 Oct;17 (10 ):1494-500
16799754
J Clin Diagn Res. 2013 Sep;7(9):2051-5
24179941
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 1996 Nov;25(5):263-7
9161180
Int J Prosthodont. 2014 May-Jun;27(3):270-6
24905270
Bone. 2007 Jan;40(1):223-9
16979965
Osteoporos Int. 2010 Mar;21(3):433-8
19578804
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2005 May;34(3):168-74
15897288
Oral Health Dent Manag. 2013 Jun;12 (2):65-72
23756421
Imaging Sci Dent. 2014 Dec;44(4):263-71
25473633
Bone. 2008 Jul;43(1):209-13
18482878
Imaging Sci Dent. 2012 Dec;42(4):231-5
23301209
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1992 Jan;73(1):112-7
1603549
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007 Nov;104(5):686-91
17656120
Osteoporos Int. 2002 May;13(5):373-8
12086347
BMC Med Imaging. 2012 Jan 16;12 :1
22248480
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2007 Mar;36(3):143-8
17463098
World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1994;843:1-129
7941614
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2011 Mar;40(3):154-9
21346081
Medicina (Kaunas). 2010;46(2):95-103
20440082
Gerodontology. 2016 Jun;33(2):185-92
24913816
J Prosthet Dent. 1993 Jan;69(1):49-56
8455168
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 1999 May;28(3):141-4
10740467
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2008 Jul;37(5):282-7
18606750
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2008 Dec;37(8):433-7
19033427
Clin Oral Investig. 2013 Mar;17 (2):565-72
22547324
Osteoporos Int. 2006;17 (5):753-9
16552469
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Nov;112(5):648-56
21903429
J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2013 Dec;41(8):808-15
23515071
J Bone Miner Res. 2003 Sep;18(9):1689-94
12968679
Phys Med. 2011 Jan;27(1):39-43
20359922
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007 Oct;104(4):545-50
17689117
Oral Dis. 2015 Apr;21(3):335-41
25135460
Int J Prosthodont. 1996 May-Jun;9(3):290-4
8957866
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2014;43(7):20130366
24969554
Eur J Dent. 2011 Jan;5(1):60-7
21228957
Osteoporos Int. 2006;17 (3):387-94
16331360
J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Mar;8(3):195-8
24783135
Acta Med Iran. 2013 Mar 16;51(2):94-100
23585315
J Clin Imaging Sci. 2013 Jun 06;3:23
23814695
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1982 May;53(5):541-5
6954430
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2013;42(4):20120050
23420860
Menopause. 2012 Jun;19(6):704-9
22334058
Maturitas. 2007 Nov 20;58(3):226-35
17923346
J Am Dent Assoc. 1996 Dec;127(12 ):1734-42
8990743
Hippokratia. 2014 Jul-Sep;18(3):251-7
25694761
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005 Jul;100(1):92-8
15953922
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007 Dec;104(6):821-8
17428694
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999 Nov;88(5):628-35
10556761
Imaging Sci Dent. 2011 Sep;41(3):101-6
22010066
Imaging Sci Dent. 2013 Sep;43(3):153-61
24083208
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005 Aug;100(2):226-31
16037781
Iran J Radiol. 2011 Mar;8(1):23-8
23329912
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996 Sep;82(3):335-43
8884836
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2010 Jul;39(5):290-4
20587653
Stomatologija. 2008;10 (2):72-5
18708740
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2013;42(10 ):20120059
24005062
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2001 Sep;92 (3):346-52
11552157
J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Aug;8(8):ZC36-40
25302265
Gerodontology. 2012 Jun;29(2):e585-94
21711390
IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed. 2007 Nov;11(6):601-10
18046935
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1993 Jun;75(6):774-9
8515993
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2009 Jul;38(5):255-61
19474252
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 1999 Jul;28(4):219-23
10455385
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2014 May-Jun;29(3):667-74
24818206
Osteoporos Int. 2003 Aug;14 (8):659-64
12827223
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2007 Jan;36(1):28-33
17329585
Maturitas. 2014 Feb;77(2):142-8
24289895
Maturitas. 2013 Dec;76(4):364-9
24090925
Scand J Dent Res. 1993 Jun;101(3):166-70
8322011
J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2013 Oct;41(7):e165-9
23357130
Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2011 Mar;13(3):181-6
22737460
J Dent. 2002 May;30(4):171-5
12450724
J Int Med Res. 2008 Jul-Aug;36(4):792-9
18652776
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2009 Jun;9(2):155-64
19740359
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2010 Jul;39(5):284-9
20587652
Bone. 2007 May;40(5):1217-21
17317351
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006 Aug;102(2):235-41
16876068
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2010 May;39(4):224-30
20395463
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970 Apr;52(3):457-67
5425640
J Investig Clin Dent. 2012 Feb;3(1):36-44
22298519