A qualitative study of migrant-related stressors, psychosocial outcomes and HIV risk behaviour among truck drivers in Zambia.
Truck drivers are part of mobile populations which have been noted as a key population at risk of HIV in Zambia. This study was aimed at: (1) determining potentially traumatic events (PTEs), labour migrant-related stressors, psychosocial problems and HIV risk behaviours among truck drivers in Zambia; and (2) examining the relationship between PTEs, migrant-related stressors, psychosocial outcomes and HIV sexual risk behaviour among truck drivers in Zambia. We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with purposively sampled male truck drivers at trucking companies in Lusaka, Zambia. Findings indicate that truck drivers experience multiple stressors and potentially traumatic incidences, including delays and long waiting hours at borders, exposure to crime and violence, poverty, stress related to resisting temptation of sexual interactions with sex workers or migrant women, and job-related safety concerns. Multiple psychosocial problems such as intimate partner violence, loneliness, anxiety and depression-like symptoms were noted. Transactional sex, coupled with inconsistent condom use, were identified as HIV sexual risk behaviours. Findings suggest the critical need to develop HIV-prevention interventions which account for mobility, potentially traumatic events, psychosocial problems, and the extreme fear of HIV testing among this key population.
a School of Social Work , Columbia University , New York , USA.
Lynn Murphy
LM
Michalopoulos
b International Organization for Migration , Lusaka , Zambia.
Nomagugu
N
Ncube
c Department of Social Development Studies , University of Zambia , Lusaka , Zambia.
Simona J
SJ
Simona
b International Organization for Migration , Lusaka , Zambia.
Brian
B
Kansankala
b International Organization for Migration , Lusaka , Zambia.
Emmanuel
E
Sinkala
a School of Social Work , Columbia University , New York , USA.
Jasmin
J
Raidoo
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D009790:Occupations; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014171:Transients and Migrants; D015024:Zambia
HIV sexual risk; low and middle income country; potentially traumatic event; qualitative; truck drivers
Sex Transm Infect. 2008 Dec;84(7):554-5
18653565
Sex Transm Dis. 2005 May;32(5):270-80
15849527
J Glob Infect Dis. 2009 Jan;1(1):21-8
20300382
AIDS. 2007 Jan 30;21(3):343-50
17255741
BMC Infect Dis. 2015 May 05;15:208
25940535
Soc Sci Med. 1997 Jul;45(2):273-81
9225414
AIDS Care. 2006 Jul;18(5):489-96
16777641
J Immigr Minor Health. 2011 Oct;13(5):919-28
20690041
AIDS Behav. 2010 Apr;14(2):318-27
19856093
AIDS Behav. 2012 Aug;16(6):1605-21
22481273
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2001 Jan;15(1):41-51
11177587
AIDS Behav. 2012 Jul;16(5):1359-63
21983800
J Child Sex Abus. 2004;13(1):1-15
15353374
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2010;22(6):624-31
21226650
Am J Public Health. 2011 Jan;101(1):120-7
21088271
AIDS Behav. 2016 Feb;20(2):243-61
25662963
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2010;22(6):568-77
21226645
Sex Transm Dis. 2002 Jan;29(1):44-9
11773878
Cult Health Sex. 2014;16(5):562-74
24666177
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2014 Mar;202(3):200-8
24566505
Int J STD AIDS. 2014 May;25(6):428-38
24352131
AIDS Behav. 2012 Nov;16(8):2091-100
22249954
Soc Sci Med. 2003 Apr;56(7):1411-24
12614693
J Immigr Minor Health. 2010 Apr;12(2):179-86
19093210
AIDS. 2005 Nov 18;19(17):1939-46
16260899
Stud Fam Plann. 2006 Dec;37(4):241-50
17209282
Health Care Women Int. 2007 Sep;28(8):712-30
17729129
Int J STD AIDS. 2003 Dec;14(12):814-7
14678589
Am J Epidemiol. 2003 Oct 15;158(8):753-9
14561665
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):607-14
10203386
AIDS Care. 1999 Feb;11(1):3-20
10434979
AIDS Care. 2000 Feb;12(1):27-40
10716015
J Travel Med. 2007 Jan-Feb;14(1):20-30
17241250