Characterization and geographical discrimination of commercial Citrus spp. honeys produced in different Mediterranean countries based on minerals, volatile compounds and physicochemical parameters, using chemometrics.
The objective of the present study was: i) to characterize Mediterranean citrus honeys based on conventional physicochemical parameter values, volatile compounds, and mineral content ii) to investigate the potential of above parameters to differentiate citrus honeys according to geographical origin using chemometrics. Thus, 37 citrus honey samples were collected during harvesting periods 2013 and 2014 from Greece, Egypt, Morocco, and Spain. Conventional physicochemical and CIELAB colour parameters were determined using official methods of analysis and the Commission Internationale de l' Eclairage recommendations, respectively. Minerals were determined using ICP-OES and volatiles using SPME-GC/MS. Results showed that honey samples analyzed, met the standard quality criteria set by the EU and were successfully classified according to geographical origin. Correct classification rates were 97.3% using 8 physicochemical parameter values, 86.5% using 15 volatile compound data and 83.8% using 13 minerals.
Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece. Electronic address: ikaraba@cc.uoi.gr.
Ioannis K
IK
Karabagias
cp Foodlab Ltd., Polifonti 25, 2047 Strovolos, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Artemis P
AP
Louppis
Attiki Honey, SA, Protomagias 9, Kryoneri Attikis 14568, Greece.
Sofia
S
Karabournioti
Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Social Administration and Political Science, Komotini 69100, Greece.
Stavros
S
Kontakos
cp Foodlab Ltd., Polifonti 25, 2047 Strovolos, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Chara
C
Papastephanou
Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
Michael G
MG
Kontominas
D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry; D004534:Egypt; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D005843:Geography; D006115:Greece; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis*; D009018:Morocco; D013030:Spain; D014835:Volatilization
D008903:Minerals
Characterization; Chemometrics; Citrus honey; Discrimination; Minerals; Physicochemical parameters; Volatiles