Enzyme Catalysis To Power Micro/Nanomachines.
Enzymes play a crucial role in many biological processes which require harnessing and converting free chemical energy into kinetic forces in order to accomplish tasks. Enzymes are considered to be molecular machines, not only because of their capability of energy conversion in biological systems but also because enzymatic catalysis can result in enhanced diffusion of enzymes at a molecular level. Enlightened by nature's design of biological machinery, researchers have investigated various types of synthetic micro/nanomachines by using enzymatic reactions to achieve self-propulsion of micro/nanoarchitectures. Yet, the mechanism of motion is still under debate in current literature. Versatile proof-of-concept applications of these enzyme-powered micro/nanodevices have been recently demonstrated. In this review, we focus on discussing enzymes not only as stochastic swimmers but also as nanoengines to power self-propelled synthetic motors. We present an overview on different enzyme-powered micro/nanomachines, the current debate on their motion mechanism, methods to provide motion and speed control, and an outlook of the future potentials of this multidisciplinary field.
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , 518055 Shenzhen, China.
Xing
X
Ma
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.|Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) , Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Ana C
AC
Hortelão
Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) , Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Tania
T
Patiño
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.|Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA) , Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.|Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) , Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Samuel
S
Sánchez
D002384:Catalysis; D004058:Diffusion; D007700:Kinetics; D009038:Motion; D049329:Nanostructures
enzyme catalysis; micro/nanomachines; nanomotors; self-propulsion; synthetic motors
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