Acute viral bronchiolitis and risk of asthma in schoolchildren: analysis of a Brazilian newborn cohort.
OBJECTIVE
To verify whether the occurrence of acute viral bronchiolitis in the first year of life constitutes a risk factor for asthma at age 6 considering a parental history of asthma.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study in a cohort of live births. A standardized questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood was applied to the mothers to identify asthma in children at the age of 6 years. Acute viral bronchiolitis diagnosis was performed by maternal report of a medical diagnosis and/or presence of symptoms of coryza accompanied by cough, tachypnea, and dyspnea when participants were 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Socioeconomic, environmental data, parental history of asthma, and data related to pregnancy were collected in the first 72h of life of the newborn and in prospective home visits by trained interviewers. The association between acute viral bronchiolitis and asthma was evaluated by logistic regression analysis and potential modifier effect of parental history was verified by introducing an interaction term into the adjusted logistic regression model.


RESULTS
Prevalence of acute viral bronchiolitis in the first year of life was 68.6% (461). The occurrence of acute viral bronchiolitis was a risk factor for asthma at 6 years of age in children with parental history of asthma OR: 2.66, 95% CI (1.10-6.40), modifier effect p=0.002. Parental history of asthma OR: 2.07, 95% CI (1.29-3.30) and male gender OR: 1.69, 95% CI, (1.06-2.69) were other identified risk factors for asthma.


CONCLUSIONS
Acute viral bronchiolitis in the first year of life is a risk factor for asthma in children with parental history of asthma.
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Departamento de Saúde, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: helivb.fsa@gmail.com.
Heli V
HV
Brandão
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Departamento de Saúde, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
Graciete O
GO
Vieira
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Departamento de Saúde, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
Tatiana O
TO
Vieira
Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Núcleo de Excelência em Asma, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Álvaro A
ÁA
Cruz
Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Armênio C
AC
Guimarães
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Departamento de Saúde, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
Carlos
C
Teles
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Departamento de Pediatria, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Paulo
P
Camargos
Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Constança M S
CMS
Cruz
D000208:Acute Disease; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D001990:Bronchiolitis, Viral / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
Asma; Asthma; Bronchiolitis viral; Bronquiolite viral; Child; Crianças; Fatores de risco; Risk factors