Appearance of Far Peripheral Retina in Normal Eyes by Ultra-widefield Fluorescein Angiography.
OBJECTIVE
To characterize the appearance of the far peripheral retina of normal eyes using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA).


METHODS
Cross-sectional study.


METHODS
This study enrolled 101 eyes with best-corrected visual acuity ≥20/20, with refractive error <3.00 diopters, and without visible retinal pathologic changes under a slit lamp-based condensing lens. The far peripheral retina was detected by UWFA. Ciliary body thickness (CBT) at 3 mm (CBT1) and 2 mm (CBT2) posterior to the scleral spur was measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy.


RESULTS
In the far peripheral retina, granular background fluorescence (GB) appeared in all eyes (100%), a mottled fluorescent band (MB) appeared in 44 eyes (43.6%), and retinal vascular leakage (VL) appeared in 20 eyes (19.8%). According to peripheral angiographic findings, the eyes were allocated into 3 groups: Group 1 (MB- and VL-), Group 2 (MB+ and VL-), and Group 3 (MB-/+ and VL+). Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed ciliary body edema and exudates in Group 3. The mean CBT1 (mm) and CBT2 (mm) of Group 3 were greater than those of Group 1 and Group 2 (0.315 ± 0.037 vs 0.240 ± 0.019 vs 0.251 ± 0.030; 0.571 ± 0.084 vs 0.375 ± 0.051 vs 0.410 ± 0.050, P < .001 for both CBT1 and CBT2). The mean CBT1 and CBT2 showed no difference between Group 1 and Group 2 (P = .575 for CBT1; P = .150 for CBT2).


CONCLUSIONS
Normal peripheral retinas generally show granular background fluorescence, with or without a mottled fluorescent band.
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Jing
J
Lu
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Guiying
G
Mai
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Yan
Y
Luo
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Mei
M
Li
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Di
D
Cao
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Xiao
X
Wang
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Hong
H
Yan
Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California.
SriniVas R
SR
Sadda
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: drlulin@126.com.
Lin
L
Lu
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012160:Retina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult