Nb2O5-γ-Al2O3nanofibers as heterogeneous catalysts for efficient conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.
One-dimensional γ-Al2O3nanofibers were modified with Nb2O5to be used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst to catalyze biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). At low Nb2O5loading, the niobia species were well dispersed on γ-Al2O3nanofiber through Nb-O-Al bridge bonds. The interaction between Nb2O5precursor and γ-Al2O3nanofiber results in the niobia species with strong Lewis acid sites and intensive Brønsted acid sites, which made 5-HMF yield from glucose to reach the maximum 55.9~59.0% over Nb2O5-γ-Al2O3nanofiber with a loading of 0.5~1 wt% Nb2O5at 150 °C for 4 h in dimethyl sulfoxide. However, increasing Nb2O5loading could lead to the formation of two-dimensional polymerized niobia species, three-dimensional polymerized niobia species and crystallization, which significantly influenced the distribution and quantity of the Lewis acid sites and Brönst acid sites over Nb2O5-γ-Al2O3nanofiber. Lewis acid site Nbδ+played a key role on the isomerization of glucose to fructose, while Brønsted acid sites are more active for the dehydration of generated fructose to 5-HMF. In addition, the heterogeneous Nb2O5-γ-Al2O3nanofiber catalyst with suitable ratio of Lewis acid to Brönsted sites should display an more excellent catalytic performance in the conversion of glucose to 5-HMF.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Huanfeng
H
Jiao
Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Xiaoliang
X
Zhao
Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Chunxiao
C
Lv
Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Yijun
Y
Wang
Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.|Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
Dongjiang
D
Yang
State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, 300160 Tianjin, China.
Zhenhuan
Z
Li
Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.|Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
Xiangdong
X
Yao
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