Relevance of carnosic acid to the treatment of several health disorders: Molecular targets and mechanisms.
Carnosic acid is a phenolic diterperne compound found in abundance in sage and rosemary, which are both widely used in traditional medicine. Research over the past decade indicates that carnosic acid has multiple bioactive properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities among others. This review summarizes the current in vitro and in vivo data about the efficacy of carnosic acid in the prevention or treatment of various experimental health disorders. The analysis of the literature allows an insight into the participation of numerous signaling pathways modulated by carnosic acid, into its synergistic potential and, thus, into the divergence in cellular mechanisms of action of this molecule.
Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta 1007, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Physiopathology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: bahrisana88@gmail.com.
Sana
S
Bahri
Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.
Saloua
S
Jameleddine
Laboratory of Physiopathology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Vadim
V
Shlyonsky
D045784:Abietanes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001682:Biological Availability; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D045784:Abietanes; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C018381:salvin
Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidant; Antitumor; Carnosic acid