Mitochondria-Associated Membranes Response to Nutrient Availability and Role in Metabolic Diseases.
Metabolic diseases are associated with nutrient excess and metabolic inflexibility. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are important organelles and nutrient sensors, and their dysfunction has been extensively and independently implicated in metabolic diseases. Both organelles interact at sites known as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), in order to exchange metabolites and calcium. Recent evidence indicates that MAM could be a hub of hepatic insulin signaling and nutrient sensing. In this review, we discuss the roles organelle function and communication play in the cell's adaptation to nutrient availability, in both physiology and metabolic diseases. We highlight how dynamic regulation of MAM affects mitochondria physiology and adaptation of cellular metabolism to nutrient availability, and how chronic MAM disruption participates in the metabolic inflexibility associated with metabolic disorders.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Pierre
P
Theurey
INSERM UMR-1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, INRA U1397, F-69921 Oullins, France. Electronic address: jennifer.rieusset@univ-lyon1.fr.
Jennifer
J
Rieusset
D000818:Animals; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000378:metabolism*; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2 / Q000378:metabolism
D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2
insulin resistance; metabolic flexibility; mitochondria-associated membrane; organelle communication; protein phosphatase 2A