Light-induced structural changes in a monomeric bacteriophytochrome.
Phytochromes sense red light in plants and various microorganism. Light absorption causes structural changes within the protein, which alter its biochemical activity. Bacterial phytochromes are dimeric proteins, but the functional relevance of this arrangement remains unclear. Here, we use time-resolved X-ray scattering to reveal the solution structural change of a monomeric variant of the photosensory core module of the phytochrome from Deinococcus radiodurans. The data reveal two motions, a bend and a twist of the PHY domain with respect to the chromophore-binding domains. Infrared spectroscopy shows the refolding of the PHY tongue. We conclude that a monomer of the phytochrome photosensory core is sufficient to perform the light-induced structural changes. This implies that allosteric cooperation with the other monomer is not needed for structural activation. The dimeric arrangement may instead be intrinsic to the biochemical output domains of bacterial phytochromes.
Heikki
H
Takala
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.
Stephan
S
Niebling
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.
Oskar
O
Berntsson
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.
Alexander
A
Björling
Heli
H
Lehtivuori
Nanoscience Center, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla , Jyväskylä 40014, Finland.
Heikki
H
Häkkänen
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.
Matthijs
M
Panman
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.
Emil
E
Gustavsson
Maria
M
Hoernke
ESRF-The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
Gemma
G
Newby
ESRF-The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
Federico
F
Zontone
ESRF-The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
Michael
M
Wulff
Paul Scherrer Institut , 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
Andreas
A
Menzel
Nanoscience Center, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla , Jyväskylä 40014, Finland.
Janne A
JA
Ihalainen
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.
Sebastian
S
Westenhoff
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