[Skin cancer as occupational disease].
The incidence of epithelial skin neoplasms, such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma is significantly increasing worldwide. Leisure time solar UV exposure is causative in the overwhelming majority of cases in the general population; however, occupational exposure is responsible for a certain percentage of cases. Employees with a relevant exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soot, raw paraffin, coal tar, anthracene, pitch or similar substances, to sunlight in outdoor occupations as well as to arsenic and ionizing radiation have a significantly increased risk to develop occupational skin cancer compared to the general population. In the official occupational disease list in the appendix of the German by-law on occupational diseases, the following occupational diseases concerning skin cancer are listed: BK 5102 "skin cancer and carcinoma in situ caused by soot, raw paraffin, coal tar, anthracene, pitch or similar substances" (e.g. various solid paraffins, asphalt and mazut as well as mineral oils, grease, cylinder and drilling oils), BK 5103 "squamous cell carcinoma or multiple actinic keratosis caused by natural UV radiation", BK 1108 "diseases caused by arsenic and its compounds" and BK 2402 "diseases caused by ionizing radiation". For further occupational exposure to carcinogenic substances and potential occupationally acquired skin tumors, no official lists are currently available. These cancers might be considered under a special opt out paragraph in the German Social Law (§ 9 para 2 SGB VII). Tumors in scars after occupational skin trauma or occupational burns are compensated as consequences of work accidents. The current official list of occupational skin cancers and new developments for expert opinions are described in this article.
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, UniversitätsAllergieCentrum, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland. Andrea.Bauer@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
A
A
Bauer
D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
Actinic keratosis; Basal cell carcinoma; Noxae; Skin neoplasms; Squamous cell carcinoma
Environ Health Perspect. 1977 Aug;19:223-7
908303
Arch Dermatol. 2000 Aug;136(8):1007-11
10926736
Occup Med (Lond). 2004 Oct;54(7):458-63
15486177
Int J Dermatol. 1997 Apr;36(4):241-50
9169318
Burns. 1997 Feb;23(1):75-7
9115617
Drugs Today (Barc). 2005 Jan;41(1):37-53
15753968
Int J Cancer. 1990 May 15;45(5):889-95
2335392
Environ Health Perspect. 1981 Aug;40:93-100
7023936
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2007 May;80(6):485-95
17093963
Burns. 2005 Jun;31(4):403-13
15896501
Br J Ind Med. 1987 Mar;44(3):196-200
3493801
Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Aug;107(8):687-9
10417369
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016 Apr;30 Suppl 3:27-33
26995020
Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Oct;52:67-73
6653539
Hum Pathol. 1973 Dec;4(4):469-85
4750817
Med Pediatr Oncol. 2001 May;36(5):549-54
11340610
J UOEH. 2000 Sep 1;22(3):259-67
11019392
Br J Dermatol. 2011 Feb;164(2):291-307
21054335
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998 Nov;39(5 Pt 1):712-20
9810887
AMA Arch Ind Hyg Occup Med. 1953 Jan;7(1):12-8
13007197
Hautarzt. 1993 Feb;44(2):63-8
8449695
Br J Dermatol. 2011 Sep;165(3):612-25
21605109
Carcinogenesis. 2004 Jan;25(1):21-8
14514659
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jul 7;95(14):8103-7
9653147
Br J Cancer. 1947 Jun;1(2):192-251
20266457
Cancer Causes Control. 1997 May;8(3):444-72
9498904
Arch Dermatol. 2004 Feb;140(2):197-203
14967793
Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Feb;110(2):119-22
11836136
Mutat Res. 2006 Jun;612(3):215-46
16574468
EMBO J. 1996 Nov 15;15(22):6269-79
8947050
Plast Reconstr Surg Transplant Bull. 1960 Nov;26:546-54
13723134