Multiplex Competition, Collaboration, and Funding Networks Among Health and Social Organizations: Toward Organization-based HIV Interventions for Young Men Who Have Sex With Men.
BACKGROUND
Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) have the highest rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States. Decades into the HIV epidemic, the relationships that YMSM-serving health and social organizations have with one another has not been studied in depth.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the competition, collaboration, and funding source structures of multiplex organization networks and the mechanisms that promote fruitful relationships among these organizations.


METHODS
The study data collection method was a survey of health and social organizations from 2013-2014 in 2 cities, Chicago, IL and Houston, TX.


METHODS
Study participants were representatives from 138 health and social organizations.


METHODS
Responses to survey questions were used to reconstruct competition, collaboration, and combined competition-collaboration networks.


RESULTS
While taking into consideration the collaborative relationships among organizations, we provide statistical evidence that organizations of similar type, similar social media use patterns, comparable patterns of funding, and similar network contexts tended to compete with one another. This competition was less likely to be accompanied by any sort of collaboration if the organizations shared common funding sources.


CONCLUSIONS
Competition that excludes potential collaboration may be detrimental to mobilizing the collective efforts that serve local YMSM communities. System-level interventions may provide promising approaches to scaling-up HIV prevention and treatment efforts so as to encourage organizations to form partnerships with otherwise competing providers.
*Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX †Centre for Transformative Innovation, Faculty of Business and Law, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia ‡Division of Adolescent Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital §Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL ∥Program in Human Sexuality, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN ¶Department of Health Policy & Management, College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL #Department of Sociology **Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
Kayo
K
Fujimoto
Peng
P
Wang
Lisa M
LM
Kuhns
Michael W
MW
Ross
Mark L
ML
Williams
Robert
R
Garofalo
Alden S
AS
Klovdahl
Edward O
EO
Laumann
John A
JA
Schneider
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004465:Economic Competition; D005381:Financing, Organized / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006298:Health Services Administration; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D008297:Male; D061108:Social Media; D012944:Social Support; D012947:Social Work / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
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