[Autonomy and welfare in intensive care medicine : Practical approach in difficult situations].
In intensive care units far-reaching decisions are often made at short notice that require the consent of the informed patient. If this is not possible due to the patient's condition, physicians and legal representatives must ascertain the previously expressed or presumed will of the patient and act accordingly. The legal principles are specified in the Patient Advance Directives Act and the Patient Rights Act. Any indications for medical treatment need a clearly defined aim of the therapy, which can be questioned during the progress of the disease. To avoid conflicts between patient autonomy and medical treatment, the aims of therapy must be regularly discussed with the patient, representatives or relatives and documented in a written form. Checklists can be useful for structured consultations, to promote transparency and to avoid misunderstandings. Ethics consultations can help to deescalate critical situations.
Klinik für Anästhesiologie, operative Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Klinikum Hanau, Leimenstr. 20, 63450, Hanau, Deutschland. marco_gruss@klinikum-hanau.de.
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Chefarzt a.D., Klinikum Lippe-Lemgo, Tulpenweg 21, Lemgo, 32657, Deutschland. salomon-if@t-online.de.
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D016223:Advance Directives; D003422:Critical Care / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D028701:Patient Rights; D026684:Personal Autonomy
Decision making; Informed consent; Legal aspects; Patient’s will; Therapeutic goal
Nervenarzt. 2008 Jun;79(6):720-7
18443758
Anaesthesist. 2013 Jan;62(1):47-52
23377458