Second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram and cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged and elderly Japanese women.
The second derivative of the digital photoplethysmogram (SDPTG) is an indicator of arterial stiffness. The ratio of the height of the d wave to the a wave of the SDPTG (d/a) is associated with functional peripheral vascular tension and represents aortic-blood pressure (BP) augmented by reflection waves from the periphery. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the relationship between SDPTG and cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged and elderly Japanese women. From 1998 to 2008, we recruited 4373 women (50-79 years old at baseline) who underwent medical check-ups and SDPTG measurement. The SDPTG index (d/a) was calculated from the wave component height, and was divided into quartiles (Q) according to the d/a value. The median follow-up period was 9.0 years. The d/a value was negatively associated with age and BP, and positively associated with heart rate and body height. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, the hazard ratios for cardiovascular mortality for Q2, Q3 and Q4 were significantly higher than that of Q1. In multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio was 2.30 for Q3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-4.99, P<0.05) and 2.60 for Q4 (95% CI: 1.21-5.60, P<0.05), after adjustment for age, height, body mass index, BP levels, heart rate and other atherosclerosis-related factors. The hazard ratios of cardiovascular mortality for Q3 and Q4 were significantly higher compared with the reference (Q1). Thus, the SDPTG d/a is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged and elderly Japanese women.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan.|Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Casualty Council Health Management and Promotion Center, Hiroshima, Japan.
Noriko
N
Inoue
Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Hideshi
H
Kawakami
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Hideya
H
Yamamoto
Grand Tower Medical Court Life Care Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan.
Chikako
C
Ito
Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Casualty Council Health Management and Promotion Center, Hiroshima, Japan.
Saeko
S
Fujiwara
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Hideo
H
Sasaki
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Yasuki
Y
Kihara
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000098:blood supply*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D017156:Photoplethysmography; D012307:Risk Factors; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology*
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