Antiobesity and antihyperglycaemic effects of Adiantum capillus-veneris extracts: in vitro and in vivo evaluations.
BACKGROUND
Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (Adiantaceae) hypocholesterolemic activity is therapeutically praised.


OBJECTIVE
Pharmacological modulation of pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PL) and α-amylase/α-glucosidase by A. capillus-veneris are evaluated.


METHODS
Using positive controls (acarbose, orlistat, guar gum, atorvastatin, glipizide and metformin) as appropriate, crude aqueous extracts (AEs) of A. capillus-veneris aerial parts were tested via a combination of in vitro enzymatic (0.24-100 mg/mL), acute in vivo carbohydrate tolerance tests (125, 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight [b.wt]) and chronic in vivo studies (500 mg/kg b.wt) in high cholesterol diet (HCD) fed Wistar rats.


RESULTS
Like acarbose, A. capillus-veneris as well as chlorogenic acid, with respective IC50values (mg/mL) of 0.8 ± 0.0 and 0.2 ± 0.0, were identified as in vitro potent dual inhibitors of α-amylase/α-glucosidase. Unlike guar gum, A. capillus-veneris had no glucose diffusion hindrance capacity. Equivalent to orlistat, A. capillus-veneris and its phytoconstituents inhibited PL in vitro with an ascending order of PL- IC50values (μg/mL): ferulic acid; 0.48 ± 0.06 < ellagic acid; 13.53 ± 1.83 < chlorogenic acid; 38.4 ± 2.8 < A. capillus-veneris; 1600 ± 100. Incomparable to acarbose or metformin and glipizide, A. capillus-veneris (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.wt) lacked antihyperglycaemic efficacies in acute starch- or glucose-evoked postprandial hyperglycaemia increments in normoglycaemic overnight fasting rats. Superior to atorvastatin; A. capillus-veneris exerted significant antiobesity (p < 0.001) with marked triacylglycerol-reducing capacities (p < 0.001) in comparison to rats fed with HCD for 10 weeks.


CONCLUSIONS
A. capillus-veneris, modulating pancreatic digestive enzymes, may be advocated as a combinatorial diabesity prevention/phytotherapy agent.
a School of Pharmacy , The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan.
Violet
V
Kasabri
b MSD-Animal Health , Amman , Jordan.
Entisar K
EK
Al-Hallaq
a School of Pharmacy , The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan.
Yasser K
YK
Bustanji
c School of Pharmacy , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan.
Khalid K
KK
Abdul-Razzak
a School of Pharmacy , The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan.
Ismail F
IF
Abaza
a School of Pharmacy , The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan.
Fatma U
FU
Afifi
D035681:Adiantum / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008049:Lipase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D008049:Lipase; D000516:alpha-Amylases
Adiantaceae; high cholesterol diet; pancreatic lipase and amylase; phenolics
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