Sapium sebiferum leaf extract mediated synthesis of palladium nanoparticles and in vitro investigation of their bacterial and photocatalytic activities.
There is a growing need to introduce eco-friendly and sustainable procedures for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles that include a mild reaction conditions, simple reaction setup, use of nontoxic medium such as water and plant extract, cost effectiveness as well as greater efficiency for biomedical and catalytic applications. For this purpose, small and highly dispersed palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) were prepared by eco-friendly and cost effective green method using water soluble leaf extract of Sapium sebiferum as a reducing and capping agent. The formation of PdNPs was optimized at various temperatures i.e. (30°C, 60°C and 90°C) and different leaves extract (5mL and 10mL) in order to control their size and shape. The results indicated that PdNPs synthesized at 10mL leaf extract concentration and 60°C temperature have small sized (5nm) and spherical shape. The nanoparticles formation, their dispersion, size and shape were confirmed by various characterization techniques i.e. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Dynamic light scattering technique (DLS) analysis. The biologically synthesized PdNPs were tested for size dependent photo degradation of methylene blue and inactivation of bacteria. The PdNPs synthesized at optimized condition (10mL extract concentration and 60°C) have strong photo catalytic activity and reduced 90% methylene blue in 70min. The optimized PdNPs also showed strong bacterial inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus 29(±0.8mm), Bacillus subtilis 19(±0.6mm) and pseudomonas aeruginosa 11(±0.6mm). The results of this examination demonstrate effective applications of extremely active PdNPs.
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China; Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, KP, Pakistan.
Kamran
K
Tahir
Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, KP, Pakistan.
Sadia
S
Nazir
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China. Electronic address: bsli@mail.buct.edu.cn.
Baoshan
B
Li
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
Aftab
A
Ahmad
Department of Physics, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, KP, Pakistan.
Tabassum
T
Nasir
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
Arif Ullah
AU
Khan
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
Sayyed Asim Ali
SA
Shah
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Bannu 28100, KP, Pakistan.
Zia Ul Haq
ZU
Khan
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
Ghulam
G
Yasin
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
Muhammad Usman
MU
Hameed
D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D002384:Catalysis; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010777:Photochemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D031287:Sapium / Q000737:chemistry*
D010165:Palladium
Antibacterial activity; Green synthesis; PdNPs; Photo catalytic activity; Sapium sebiferum