Fast-degrading bioresorbable arterial vascular graft with high cellular infiltration inhibits calcification of the graft.
Bioresorbable vascular grafts are biologically active grafts that are entirely reconstituted by host-derived cells through an inflammation-mediated degradation process. Calcification is a detrimental condition that can severely affect graft performance. Therefore, prevention of calcification is of great importance to the success of bioresorbable arterial vascular grafts. The objective of this study was to test whether fast-degrading (FD) bioresorbable arterial grafts with high cellular infiltration will inhibit calcification of grafts.



We created two versions of bioresorbable arterial vascular grafts, slow-degrading (SD) grafts and FD grafts. Both grafts had the same inner layer composed of a 50:50 poly(l-lactic-co-ε-caprolactone) copolymer scaffold. However, the outer layer of SD grafts was composed of poly(l-lactic acid) nanofiber, whereas the outer layer of FD grafts was composed of a combination of poly(l-lactic acid) and polyglycolic acid nanofiber. Both grafts were implanted in 8- to 10-week-old female mice (n = 15 in the SD group, n = 10 in the FD group) as infrarenal aortic interposition conduits. Animals were observed for 8 weeks.



von Kossa staining showed calcification in 7 of 12 grafts in the SD group but zero in the FD group (P < .01, χ2test). The cell number in the outer layer of FD grafts was significantly higher than in the SD grafts (SD, 0.87 ± 0.65 × 103/mm2; FD, 2.65 ± 1.91 × 103/mm2; P = .02).



The FD bioresorbable arterial vascular graft with high cellular infiltration into the scaffold inhibited calcification of grafts.
Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Tadahisa
T
Sugiura
Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Shuhei
S
Tara
QOL Research Center Laboratory, Gunze Limited, Ayabe-shi, Kyoto, Japan.
Hidetaka
H
Nakayama
Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Tai
T
Yi
Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Yong-Ung
YU
Lee
Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Toshihiro
T
Shoji
Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Christopher K
CK
Breuer
Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio. Electronic address: toshiharu.shinoka@nationwidechildrens.org.
Toshiharu
T
Shinoka
D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000473:pathology; D057139:Nanofibers; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D013997:Time Factors; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D011091:Polyesters; C550605:poly(lactic acid-co-epsilon-caprolactone); D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)
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