The evolution of optimal resource allocation and mating systems in hermaphroditic perennial plants.
By incorporating the effects of inbreeding depression (ID) on both juveniles and adults survivorship, we developed a new theoretical model for hermaphroditic perennial plants. Our model showed that the effect of the selfing rate on the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) reproductive allocation depends on three parameters: (1) the self-fertilized juvenile relative survivorship (SFJRS), (2) the self-fertilized adult relative survivorship (SFARS) and (3) the growth rate of self-fertilized adult, where the SFJRS is the survivorship of self-fertilized juveniles divided by the survivorship of outcrossed juveniles, and likewise for the SFARS. However, the ESS sex allocation decreases as the selfing rate increases. This relationship seems independent of the SFJRS, the SFARS, and the growth rate of self-fertilized adults. Additionally, our model showed that the complete outcrossing is an ESS when the fraction of juvenile inbreeding depression (FJID) is less than 1/2 - τ, where τ is the self-fertilized adults mortality rate caused by ID. In contrast, the complete selfing also acts as an ESS when the FJID is greater than 1/2 - τ. These results could explain the diversity of mating strategies and related resource allocations for plants.
Institute of Mathematics and Information Science, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi, China.
Ya-Qiang
YQ
Wang
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Yao-Tang
YT
Li
Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience &Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
Rui-Wu
RW
Wang
Am Nat. 2000 Feb;155(2):187-199
10686160
Evolution. 2002 Jun;56(6):1229-39
12144022
Evolution. 2005 May;59(5):1143-8
16136811
Evolution. 2008 Jan;62(1):157-72
18067573
Am Nat. 1997 Nov;150(5):618-38
18811304
Trends Ecol Evol. 1992 Mar;7(3):79-84
21235961
Biol Lett. 2012 Oct 23;8(5):798-801
22791708
J Theor Biol. 2014 May 21;349:50-6
24508726
Front Behav Neurosci. 2014 Jul 23;8:248
25100959
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2014 Nov;90(5-1):052823
25493849
Evolution. 1985 Jan;39(1):41-52
28563649
Evolution. 1985 Jan;39(1):24-40
28563655
Evolution. 1996 Feb;50(1):54-70
28568860
Monogr Popul Biol. 1982;18:1-355
7144766