An individual differences analysis of the neurocognitive architecture of the semantic system at rest.
Efficient semantic cognition depends on accessing and selecting conceptual knowledge relevant to the current task or context. This study explored the neurocognitive architecture that supports this function by examining how individual variation in functional brain organisation predicts comprehension and semantic generation. Participants underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and, on separate days, performed written synonym judgement, and letter and category fluency tasks. We found that better synonym judgement for high frequency items was linked to greater functional coupling between posterior fusiform and anterior superior temporal cortex (aSTG), which might index orthographic-to-semantic access. However, stronger coupling between aSTG and ventromedial prefrontal cortex was associated with poor performance on the same trials, potentially reflecting greater difficulty in focussing retrieval on relevant features for high frequency items that appear in a greater range of contexts. Fluency performance was instead linked to variations in the functional coupling of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG); anterior IFG was more coupled to regions of primary visual cortex for individuals who were good at category fluency, while poor letter fluency was predicted by stronger coupling between posterior IFG and retrosplenial cortex. These results show that individual differences in functional connectivity at rest predict semantic performance and are consistent with a component process account of semantic cognition in which representational information is shaped by control processes to fit the current requirements, in both comprehension and fluency tasks.
Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom. Electronic address: giovanna.mollo@york.ac.uk.
Giovanna
G
Mollo
Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.
Theodoros
T
Karapanagiotidis
McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Boris C
BC
Bernhardt
Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.
Charlotte E
CE
Murphy
Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.
Jonathan
J
Smallwood
Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.
Elizabeth
E
Jefferies
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D063132:Connectome / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D012660:Semantics; D055815:Young Adult
Anterior temporal lobe; Functional connectivity; Inferior frontal gyrus; Semantics; Verbal fluency; Visual word form area
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