Temporomandibular chronic dislocation: The long-standing condition.
BACKGROUND
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation can be categorised into three groups: acute, habitual or recurrent and long-standing. The long-standing or protracted lower jaw dislocation refers to a condition that persists for more than one month without reduction. There are a great variety of methods for its treatment, from the manual or non-surgical, to surgical ones like the indirect approach (conservative surgical approach) and direct approach (open joint). Additional procedures in unsuccessful cases may include extra-articular orthognathic techniques to correct a malocclusion until joint replacement.


METHODS
We report four new cases with a minimum of 6 weeks dislocation who were seen since 1995 to 2015 in the Maxillofacial Department of the Clínico Hospital (Valencia, Spain), in which the mean age was 57.5 years. Most of them were bilateral and the gender was predominantly female. Additionally, we have reviewed the related literature.


RESULTS
All of the cases were successfully treated and half of them required open surgery.


CONCLUSIONS
The report confirms the difficulty of the treatment and reaffirms the necessity to bear in mind the wide variety of methods available for the treatment of this pathology. We stress the difficulties associated with managing the treatment and of suggesting new guidelines. The best option still remains not to delay the diagnostic and to select the appropriate initial treatment.
Avda. Blasco Ibañez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain, mariano.marques@uv.es.
M
M
Marqués-Mateo
M
M
Puche-Torres
M-E
ME
Iglesias-Gimilio
D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007568:Jaw; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion; D008875:Middle Aged; D013030:Spain; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Acta Odontol Scand. 1951 Sep;9(3-4):247-60
14877536
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2015 Feb;27(1):125-36
25483448
Br J Oral Surg. 1981 Mar;19(1):52-6
6938241
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 Nov 01;14 (11):e593-6
19680206
J Emerg Med. 2004 Aug;27(2):167-70
15261360
J Oral Surg (Chic). 1952 Jan;10 (1):25-32
14898346
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1976 May;41(5):568-77
1063959
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2000 Jun;89(6):662-8
10846117
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005 Jul;34(5):499-502
16053868
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006 Nov;35(11):1054-6
16829033
Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2010 Apr-Jun;8(30):251-6
21209547
J Can Dent Assoc. 1998 Jul-Aug;64(7):484-91
9737079
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1986 Aug;15(4):380-8
3091716
Br Dent J. 1986 Feb 8;160(3):91-4
3456238
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011 Aug;40(8):810-4
21474286
Head Face Med. 2011 Jun 15;7:10
21676208
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006 Jun;101(6):e79-82
16731379
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2013 Jun;6(2):127-32
24436748