Accumulation of heavy metals and trace elements in fluvial sediments received effluents from traditional and semiconductor industries.
Metal accumulation in sediments threatens adjacent ecosystems due to the potential of metal mobilization and the subsequent uptake into food webs. Here, contents of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and trace elements (Ga, In, Mo, and Se) were determined for river waters and bed sediments that received sewage discharged from traditional and semiconductor industries. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the metal distribution in relation to environmental factors such as pH, EC, and organic matter (OM) contents in the river basin. While water PCA categorized discharged metals into three groups that implied potential origins of contamination, sediment PCA only indicated a correlation between metal accumulation and OM contents. Such discrepancy in metal distribution between river water and bed sediment highlighted the significance of physical-chemical properties of sediment, especially OM, in metal retention. Moreover, we used Se XANES as an example to test the species transformation during metal transportation from effluent outlets to bed sediments and found a portion of Se inventory shifted from less soluble elemental Se to the high soluble and toxic selenite and selenate. The consideration of environmental factors is required to develop pollution managements and assess environmental risks for bed sediments.
Scientific Research Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Liang-Ching
LC
Hsu
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, 1727 Sec.4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung 407, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Ching-Yi
CY
Huang
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, 1727 Sec.4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung 407, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Yen-Hsun
YH
Chuang
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, 1727 Sec.4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung 407, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Ho-Wen
HW
Chen
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Ya-Ting
YT
Chan
Division of Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 332 Building of Environmental Studies, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa City, Chiba 277-8563, Japan.
Heng Yi
HY
Teah
Department of Engineering and System Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Tsan-Yao
TY
Chen
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, 1727 Sec.4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung 407, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Chiung-Fen
CF
Chang
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Yu-Ting
YT
Liu
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Yu-Min
YM
Tzou
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