Cancer and orofacial pain.
Cancer pain is a devastating condition. Pain in the orofacial region, may be present as the single symptom of cancer or as a symptom of cancer in its later stages. This manuscript revises in a comprehensive manner the content of the conference entitled "Orofacial Pain and Cancer" (Dolor Orofacial y Cancer) given at the VI Simposio International "Advances in Oral Cancer" on the 22 July, 2016 in San Sebastioan-Donostia, Spain.



We have reviewed (pubmed-medline) from the most relevant literature including reviews, systematic reviews and clinical cases, the significant and evidence-based mechanisms and mediators of cancer-associated facial pain, the diverse types of cancers that can be present in the craniofacial region locally or from distant sites that can refer to the orofacial region, cancer therapy that may induce pain in the orofacial region as well as discussed some of the new advancements in cancer pain therapy.



There is still a lack of understanding of cancer pain pathophysiology since depends of the intrinsic heterogeneity, type and anatomic location that the cancer may present, making more challenging the creation of better therapeutic options. Orofacial pain can arise from regional or distant tumor effects or as a consequence of cancer therapy.



The clinician needs to be aware that the pain may present the characteristics of any other orofacial pain disorder so a careful differential diagnosis needs to be given. Cancer pain diagnosis is made by exclusion and only can be reached after a thorough medical history, and all the common etiologies have been carefully investigated and ruled out. The current management tools are not optimal but there is hope for new, safer and effective therapies coming in the next years.
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial, Pathology, Radiology & Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, mrr7@nyu.edu.
M
M
Romero-Reyes
D
D
Salvemini
D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*
Biomark Med. 2013 Feb;7(1):23-35
23387482
Eur J Pain. 2008 Apr;12 (3):293-300
17664075
Ann Oncol. 2007 Sep;18(9):1437-49
17355955
Eur J Cancer. 2013 Jan;49(2):482-91
22770890
J Dent Res. 2007 Jun;86(6):491-505
17525348
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Mar;44(3):292-6
25577664
Mol Clin Oncol. 2014 May;2(3):337-340
24772297
Pain. 2015 Apr;156 Suppl 1:S32-4
25789434
Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2014 Sep;131(4):243-7
25108356
Oral Oncol. 2000 Sep;36(5):397-403
10964045
Arch Esp Urol. 1993 Jan-Feb;46(1):54-6
8476328
Purinergic Signal. 2015 Sep;11(3):371-87
26111639
Acta Otolaryngol. 2009 Nov;129(11):1294-9
19863327
Br Dent J. 2015 Jan;218(2):69-74
25613261
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2013 Feb;30(1):83-90
22504863
Free Radic Biol Med. 2011 Sep 1;51(5):951-66
21277369
Oral Oncol. 2011 Nov;47(11):1005-10
21865078
Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2015 Aug;19(8):37
26088459
J Biol Chem. 2014 Jul 25;289(30):21082-97
24876379
Am J Hematol. 2014 Aug;89(8):860-1
24850438
Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2014 Jun 05;2:62
24903857
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2006 Sep;55(9):1052-63
16328384
J Dent Res. 2014 Sep;93(9):868-75
24943201
Headache. 2004 Oct;44(9):927-8
15447705
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012 Dec;114(6):749-55
23036798
J Orofac Pain. 2006 Winter;20(1):74-81
16483023
J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Jun;36(6):488-92
19508248
Cancer. 1997 Sep 15;80(6):1117-23
9305713
Oral Oncol. 2008 Aug;44(8):743-52
18061527
Lancet. 1988 Apr 9;1(8589):812-5
2895327
Neurosci Lett. 2015 Jun 2;596:90-107
25459280
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010 Aug;110(2):e21-8
20659692
Brain. 2015 Jan;138(Pt 1):28-35
25414036
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006 Jul;102(1):56-61
16831673
Mol Interv. 2010 Jun;10(3):164-78
20539035
Pain. 2014 Dec;155(12):2560-7
25242567
Leuk Lymphoma. 2012 Dec;53(12):2405-11
22571477
FASEB J. 2012 May;26(5):1855-65
22345405
J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2014 Winter;28(1):80-90
24482791
Eur J Pain. 2007 May;11(4):406-14
16807013
J Endod. 2014 Aug;40(8):1260-4
25069945
J Dent Res. 2007 Jun;86(6):506-18
17525349
Neurology. 2008 Oct 7;71(15):1183-90
18716236
N Y State Dent J. 2015 Jan;81(1):34-8
25707167
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2007 Dec;18(6):467-71
18303404
Cephalalgia. 1992 Jun;12(3):178-9
1623515
Mol Cancer Ther. 2011 Sep;10(9):1667-76
21750223
Head Neck Pathol. 2013 Dec;7(4):416-20
23740162
J Oral Pathol Med. 2015 Oct;44(9):746-51
25345344
Lung Cancer. 2013 Oct;82(1):173-5
23937916
Br Dent J. 2015 Jan;218(2):65-8
25613260
Pain. 2011 Oct;152(10):2323-32
21782343
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2013 May;17(2):320
24250108
Nat Rev Cancer. 2011 Sep 23;11(10):695-707
21941281
Ann Pharmacother. 2000 Mar;34(3):300-3
10917373
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2004 Nov;98(5):546-52
15529126
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2012 Mar;12(3):359-71
22369327
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Dec;73(12 Suppl):S132-5
26608142
J Headache Pain. 2010 Aug;11(4):355-7
20387087
Oral Oncol. 2010 Jun;46(6):414-7
20400366
Neurology. 1999 Jul 13;53(1):213-6
10408563
Am J Clin Oncol. 2008 Dec;31(6):557-60
19060587
Amino Acids. 2012 Jan;42(1):75-94
20552384
Drug Discov Today. 2012 Apr;17(7-8):359-66
22033198
Clin Dev Immunol. 2013;2013:289458
23818912
Apoptosis. 2007 Nov;12(11):2063-75
17713857
J Am Dent Assoc. 2006 Dec;137(12):1667-72
17138711
Pain. 2011 May;152(5):1206-9
21388740
J Med Life. 2014 Jun 15;7(2):121-3
25408713
J Neurosci. 2012 May 2;32(18):6149-60
22553021
Brain Behav Immun. 2015 Feb;44:91-9
25220279
J Neurosci. 2012 Oct 10;32(41):14178-83
23055487
Dent Clin North Am. 2008 Jan;52(1):183-202, ix-x
18154870
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006 Oct;7(10):797-809
16988655
Headache. 1995 Nov-Dec;35(10):581-5
8550357
J Orofac Pain. 2003 Summer;17(3):262-7
14558496
Headache. 2013 Jan;53(1):165-7
22963467
Br J Pharmacol. 2016 Apr;173(8):1253-67
26804983
Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Sep;85(9):838-54
20810794
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Sep;71(9):1545-51
23800673