Potential of Natural Products in the Inhibition of Adipogenesis through Regulation of PPARγ Expression and/or Its Transcriptional Activity.
Obesity is a global health problem characterized as an increase in the mass of adipose tissue. Adipogenesis is one of the key pathways that increases the mass of adipose tissue, by which preadipocytes mature into adipocytes through cell differentiation. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), the chief regulator of adipogenesis, has been acutely investigated as a molecular target for natural products in the development of anti-obesity treatments. In this review, the regulation of PPARγ expression by natural products through inhibition of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), increased expression of GATA-2 and GATA-3 and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway were analyzed. Furthermore, the regulation of PPARγ transcriptional activity associated with natural products through the antagonism of PPARγ and activation of Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) were discussed. Lastly, regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by natural products, which might regulate both PPARγ expression and PPARγ transcriptional activity, was summarized. Understanding the role natural products play, as well as the mechanisms behind their regulation of PPARγ activity is critical for future research into their therapeutic potential for fighting obesity.
Citrus Research and Education Center, Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA. fsophias@ufl.edu.
Shi
S
Feng
Citrus Research and Education Center, Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA. lereuss@ufl.edu.
Laura
L
Reuss
Citrus Research and Education Center, Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA. yu.wang@ufl.edu.
Yu
Y
Wang
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000235:genetics; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects
D001688:Biological Products; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; C545012:CEBPB protein, human; D047495:PPAR gamma; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C470545:Sirt1 protein, mouse; D056564:Sirtuin 1
PPARγ; PPARγ expression; PPARγ transcriptional activity; adipogenesis; natural products; obesity
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