Severe Traumatic Brain Injury In Children: An Evidence-Based Review Of Emergency Department Management.
More than 1.7 million traumatic brain injuries occur in adults and children each year in the United States, with approximately 30% occurring in children aged < 14 years. Traumatic brain injury is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric trauma patients. Early identification and management of severe traumatic brain injury is crucial in decreasing the risk of secondary brain injury and optimizing outcome. The main focus for early management of severe traumatic brain injury is to mitigate and prevent secondary injury, specifically by avoiding hypotension and hypoxia, which have been associated with poorer outcomes. This issue discusses methods to maintain adequate oxygenation, maximize management of intracranial hypertension, and optimize blood pressure in the emergency department to improve neurologic outcomes following pediatric severe traumatic brain injury.
Assistant Professor, Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY.
Kirsten
K
Morrissey
Associate Director of Undergraduate Medical Education, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
Hilary
H
Fairbrother
D000293:Adolescent; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019468:Disease Management; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012151:Resuscitation