Oligomeric viral proteins: small in size, large in presence.
Viruses are obligate parasites that rely heavily on host cellular processes for replication. The small number of proteins typically encoded by a virus is faced with selection pressures that lead to the evolution of distinctive structural properties, allowing each protein to maintain its function under constraints such as small genome size, high mutation rate, and rapidly changing fitness conditions. One common strategy for this evolution is to utilize small building blocks to generate protein oligomers that assemble in multiple ways, thereby diversifying protein function and regulation. In this review, we discuss specific cases that illustrate how oligomerization is used to generate a single defined functional state, to modulate activity via different oligomeric states, or to generate multiple functional forms via different oligomeric states.
a Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.
Bhargavi
B
Jayaraman
a Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.
Amber M
AM
Smith
b UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute , Santa Cruz , CA , USA.|c Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California , Santa Cruz , CA , USA.
Jason D
JD
Fernandes
a Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.
Alan D
AD
Frankel
D000818:Animals; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005416:Flavivirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018177:Flavivirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D006678:HIV / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011487:Protein Conformation; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D014779:Virus Replication; D014780:Viruses / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D014764:Viral Proteins
Ebolavirus VP40; Flavivirus NS1; HIV-1 Capsid; HIV-1 Rev; Viral proteins; multifunctional; oligomeric states
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