Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI): a real host defence or a permanent threat?
Screening of latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI) and treatment of positive subjects is the key point in the prevention of TB; such a strategy should be performed mainly among individuals with risk of progression. Progression from LTBI to active TB is highest both in recent contacts of patients with active TB, and in immunocompromised subjects. Therefore, LTBI could either be considered a permanent host defence or, seen from the opposite point of view, it could represent a long-lasting threat if the efficiency of the immune system declines over a lifetime. Interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) show better sensitivity and specificity than the Mantoux test.
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II", Medical School, Naples, Italy.
Alessandro
A
Sanduzzi
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II", Medical School, Naples, Italy.
Antonio
A
Ponticiello
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II", Medical School, Naples, Italy.
Marialuisa
M
Bocchino
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II", Medical School, Naples, Italy.
Francesco
F
Perna
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
Alessandro
A
Vatrella
D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D059425:Interferon-gamma Release Tests; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000502:physiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014374:Tuberculin Test
D000995:Antitubercular Agents