Molecular Imaging of Angiogenesis in Cardiac Regeneration.
OBJECTIVE
Myocardial infarction (MI) leading to heart failure displays an important cause of death worldwide. Adequate restoration of blood flow to prevent this transition is a crucial factor to improve long-term morbidity and mortality. Novel regenerative therapies have been thoroughly investigated within the past decades.


RESULTS
Increased angiogenesis in infarcted myocardium has shown beneficial effects on the prognosis of MI; therefore, the proangiogenic capacity of currently tested treatments is of specific interest. Molecular imaging to visualize formation of new blood vessels in vivo displays a promising option to monitor proangiogenic effects of regenerative substances.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on encouraging results in preclinical models, molecular angiogenesis imaging has recently been applied in a small set of patients. This article reviews recent literature on noninvasive in vivo molecular imaging of angiogenesis after MI as an integral part of cardiac regeneration.
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Ljubica
L
Mandic
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Denise
D
Traxler
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Alfred
A
Gugerell
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Katrin
K
Zlabinger
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Dominika
D
Lukovic
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Noemi
N
Pavo
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Georg
G
Goliasch
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Andreas
A
Spannbauer
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Johannes
J
Winkler
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Mariann
M
Gyöngyösi
Angiogenesis; Integrins; Molecular imaging; Myocardial infarction; Myocardial regeneration; Radiotracers
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