Trends and advances in tumor immunology and lung cancer immunotherapy.
Among several types of tumor, lung cancer is considered one of the most fatal and still the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Although chemotherapeutic agents can improve survival and quality of life compared with symptomatic treatment, cancers usually still progress after chemotherapy and are often aggravated by serious side effects. In the last few years there has been a growing interest in immunotherapy for lung cancer based on promising preliminary results in achieving meaningful and durable treatments responses with minimal manageable toxicity. This article is divided into two parts, the first part discusses the role of human immune system in controlling and eradicating cancer and the mechanisms of immune response evasion by tumor. The second part reviews the recent progress made in immunotherapy for lung cancer with results from trials evaluating therapeutic vaccines in addition to immune checkpoint blockade, specifically cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4, programmed death receptor 1 pathway, using monoclonal antibodies.
Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. imm_moh@yahoo.com.
Mohanad
M
Aldarouish
Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. wangcailian65@hotmail.com.
Cailian
C
Wang
D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000074322:Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000074322:Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; D019496:Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines; Clinical trials; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Immunotherapy; Lung cancer; Tumor immunology
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