Substitutional limit of gadolinium in β-tricalcium phosphate and its magnetic resonance imaging characteristics.
To compensate the limitations of bone tissue magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a series of gadolinium (Gd3+) substituted β-Tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP, β-Ca3(PO4)2] were developed. All the powders were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, Rietveld refinement of the XRD data and the studies confirmed the Gd3+occupancy at Ca2+(1), Ca2+(2) and Ca2+(3) lattice sites of β-Ca3(PO4)2.HR-TEM analysis revealed the spherical nature of particles with diameter about 100 nm. The Gd3+doped β-Ca3(PO4)2exhibited non-toxic behaviour to MG-63 cells in vitro and the room temperature magnetic field versus magnetization measurements confirmed its paramagnetic behaviour. MRI analysis revelas that it shorten both T1and T2proton relaxation times, thus influencing both r1and r2relaxivity values that reach 61.97 mM-1s-1and 73.35 mM-1s-1. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2545-2552, 2017.
Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014, India.
Rugmani
R
Meenambal
Medical Imaging Research Centre, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Bangalore, India.
Pavan
P
Poojar
Medical Imaging Research Centre, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Bangalore, India.
Sairam
S
Geethanath
Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014, India.
S
S
Kannan
D000818:Animals; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003287:Contrast Media; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D005682:Gadolinium
MR imaging; gadolinium; substitutions; β-tricalcium phosphate