MicroRNA biomarkers predicting risk, initiation and progression of colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Current strategies employed to increase detection of early, curable stages of this disease are contributing to a reduction of the negative health impact from it. While there is a genetic component to the risk of disease, diet and environment are known to have major effects on the risk of an individual for developing the disease. However, there is the potential to reduce the impact of this disease further by preventing disease development. Biomarkers which can either predict the risk for or early stages of colorectal cancer could allow intervention at a time when prospects could be modified by environmental factors, including lifestyle and diet choices. Thus, such biomarkers could be used to identify high risk individuals who would benefit from lifestyle and dietary interventions to prevent this disease. This review will give an overview on one type of biomarker in the form of microRNAs, which have the potential to predict an individual's risk for colorectal cancer, as well as providing a highly sensitive and non-invasive warning of disease presence and/or progression. MicroRNA biomarkers which have been studied and whose levels look promising for this purpose include MiR-18a, MiR-21, MiR-92a, MiR-135b, MiR-760, MiR-601. Not only have several individual microRNAs appeared promising as biomarkers, but panels of these may be even more useful. Furthermore, understanding dietary sources and ways of dietary modulation of these microRNAs might be fruitful in reducing the incidence and slowing the progression of colorectal cancer.
Kyungjin Lee, Medical Programme and Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics and Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
Kyungjin
K
Lee
Kyungjin Lee, Medical Programme and Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics and Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
Lynnette R
LR
Ferguson
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D018450:Disease Progression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs
Biomarkers; Colorectal cancer; Epigenetics; MicroRNA; Predisposition; Risk
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