Enhancement of trichothecene mycotoxins of Fusarium oxysporum by ferulic acid aggravates oxidative damage in Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.
Rehmannia glutinosa is an important medicinal herb that cannot be replanted in the same field due to the effects of autotoxic substances. The effects of these substances on R. glutinosa in continuous cropping systems are unknown. In the present study, bioassays revealed that R. glutinosa exhibited severe growth restriction and higher disease indices in the FO+FA (F.oxysporum pretreated with ferulic acid) treatment. The increases in the contents of MDA and H2O2were greater in the FA+FO treatment than in the FA or FO only treatments, respectively. Consistent with this result, the enzyme activities in the seedlings increased with treatment time. To identify the main factor underlying the increased pathogenicity of FO, macroconidia and trichothecene mycotoxins coproduced by FO were separated and used to treat R. glutinosa seedlings. The MDA and H2O2contents were similar in the seedlings treated with deoxynivalenol and in the FA+FO treatment. Quantification of the relative expression of certain genes involved in Ca2+signal transduction pathways suggested that trichothecene mycotoxins play an important role in the increased pathogenicity of FO. In conclusion, FA not only directly enhances oxidative damage in R. glutinosa but also increases wilting symptom outbreaks by promoting the secretion of trichothecene mycotoxins by FO.
College of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.
Zhen Fang
ZF
Li
College of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.
Chen Ling
CL
He
College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.
Ying
Y
Wang
College of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.
Ming Jie
MJ
Li
College of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.
Ya Jing
YJ
Dai
College of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.
Tong
T
Wang
College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.
Wenxiong
W
Lin
ISME J. 2012 Feb;6(2):363-83
21796220
PLoS One. 2015 Feb 19;10(2):e0118555
25695831
Chemosphere. 2012 Aug;88(10):1190-5
22520968
BMC Plant Biol. 2011 Mar 26;11:53
21439075
Sci Rep. 2015 Oct 30;5:15871
26515244
PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e48288
23118972
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2006 Nov-Dec;44(11-12):819-27
17107811
Plant Sci. 2014 Mar;217-218:135-9
24467905
Inflammation. 2012 Aug;35(4):1232-41
22327862
Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 07;6:19101
26739667
Trends Plant Sci. 2012 Aug;17(8):478-86
22564542
J Chem Ecol. 2012 Aug;38(8):975-83
22752368
Physiol Plant. 2002 Jun;115(2):244-250
12060242
J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 May 8;117(2):199-214
18407446
PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e20611
21655235
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Sep 8;112(36):E5013-20
26305938
Int J Biol Sci. 2013;9(2):164-73
23412138
Plant Dis. 2013 Jan;97(1):139
30722298
Nat Commun. 2015 Sep 24;6:8413
26400552
J Plant Physiol. 2011 Jun 15;168(9):853-62
21444124
Biochem J. 2009 Dec 14;425(1):27-40
20001960
Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 25;5:17087
26603211
PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e28806
22235251
Phytopathology. 2011 Aug;101(8):929-34
21405995
Mol Biol Rep. 2010 Feb;37(2):1069-79
19774491
J Chem Ecol. 2009 Apr;35(4):488-94
19352774
Phytopathology. 2005 Dec;95(12):1381-90
18943548
Planta Med. 2008 Dec;74(15):1846-52
19016403
Phytopathology. 2009 Dec;99(12):1412-20
19900008
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 28;10(8):e0136946
26317364
ISME J. 2016 Jan;10(1):119-29
26057845
Mycol Res. 2009 Jun-Jul;113(Pt 6-7):746-53
19249362