Risk assessment of airborne pesticides in a Mediterranean region of Spain.
A risk assessment strategy based on the quantitative target analysis and semi-quantitative retrospective screening determination of pesticides in PM10 has been developed. The proposed methodology was applied to 345 real samples from nine stations of a Mediterranean area in Spain, and the risk was assessed for adult, children and infants. Forty pesticides were detected with average concentrations ranging from 8 to 30,000pgm-3. Each station showed its specific pesticide profile, which is linked to the different types of crops around each station. For adults, children and infants the estimated chronic inhalation risk, expressed as Hazard Quotient (HQ), was <1 for all pesticides. The cumulative exposure for organophosphates, neonicotinoids, benzimidazoles, carbamates, micro-organism and triazoles pesticides (HI, Hazard Index) were <1 for the three groups of populations assessed. For infants, the cancer risk estimated for the detected pesticides classified as possible and potential carcinogens were lower than 1.0 E-06, except for carbendazim and hexythiazox.
Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, 21, Avenida Catalunya, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Valencia, Edifici Jeroni Muñoz, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; Public Health Laboratory of Valencia, 21, Avenida Catalunya, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Atmospheric Pesticide Research Group of Valencia, Spain.
Antonio
A
López
Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, 21, Avenida Catalunya, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Valencia, Edifici Jeroni Muñoz, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; Public Health Laboratory of Valencia, 21, Avenida Catalunya, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Atmospheric Pesticide Research Group of Valencia, Spain.
Vicent
V
Yusà
Instituto Universitario UHM-CEAM, C/Charles Darwin, 14, Parque Tecnológico, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Atmospheric Pesticide Research Group of Valencia, Spain.
Amalia
A
Muñoz
Instituto Universitario UHM-CEAM, C/Charles Darwin, 14, Parque Tecnológico, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Atmospheric Pesticide Research Group of Valencia, Spain.
Teresa
T
Vera
Instituto Universitario UHM-CEAM, C/Charles Darwin, 14, Parque Tecnológico, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Atmospheric Pesticide Research Group of Valencia, Spain.
Esther
E
Borràs
Instituto Universitario UHM-CEAM, C/Charles Darwin, 14, Parque Tecnológico, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Atmospheric Pesticide Research Group of Valencia, Spain.
Milagros
M
Ródenas
Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, 21, Avenida Catalunya, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Public Health Laboratory of Valencia, 21, Avenida Catalunya, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Atmospheric Pesticide Research Group of Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: coscolla_cla@gva.es.
Clara
C
Coscollà
D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013030:Spain
D000393:Air Pollutants; D010575:Pesticides
Ambient air; Gas/particle partitioning; Pesticides; Risk assessment