Multisynergistic Platform for Tumor Therapy by Mild Microwave Irradiation-Activated Chemotherapy and Enhanced Ablation.
Microwave (MW) therapy, as a promising type of thermal therapy, has been attracting more and more attention from scientists. The combination of thermal and chemotherapy is of great significance in the latest studies of synergistic tumor therapy. However, the research on the MW therapy mechanism, especially the nonthermal effect applied in the combined cancer therapy, is not thorough enough. Pleasantly, we have discovered that nonthermal MW irradiation can promote the cellular uptake of nanoparticles and anticancer drugs via experiments in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, multifunctional nanoplatforms have been designed for enhanced tumor inhibition by loading ionic liquids (ILs), doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), and phase change materials (PCMs) into ZrO2hollow nanoparticles. PCMs act as MW switches. The as-made IL-DOX-PCM@ZrO2nanoplatforms were injected into H22-tumor-bearing mice via the tail vein. Mild microwave irradiation (0.9 W, 450 MHz) was then applied. The thermal effect of MW could cause the temperature of the tumor site to rise (58 °C). On the other hand, it will trigger the MW switch to open and release DOX when the temperature is high enough. At the same time as drug release, a MW nonthermal effect could improve the cellular uptake of nanomaterials and anticancer drugs. The multisynergistic effect can promote the survival rate of the IL-DOX-PCM@ZrO2+MW group to 100%. The results of the tumor therapy experiment in vivo demonstrated that as-made multifunctional IL-DOX-PCM@ZrO2nanoplatforms could enhance the therapeutic outcome of combined thermal and chemotherapy under mild MW irradiation.
Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
Dan
D
Long
Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
Tianlong
T
Liu
Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
Longfei
L
Tan
Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
Haitang
H
Shi
Chinese PLA General Hospital , 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
Ping
P
Liang
Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
Shunsong
S
Tang
Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
Qiong
Q
Wu
Chinese PLA General Hospital , 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
Jie
J
Yu
Chinese PLA General Hospital , 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
Jianping
J
Dou
Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
Xianwei
X
Meng
ablation; enhanced; microwave; multifunctional; nanoplatforms; nonthermal effect; tumor