Glycosylation and stem cells: Regulatory roles and application of iPSCs in the study of glycosylation-related disorders.
Glycosylation refers to the co- and post-translational modification of protein and lipids by monosaccharides or oligosaccharide chains. The surface of mammalian cells is decorated by a heterogeneous and highly complex array of protein and lipid linked glycan structures that vary significantly between different cell types, raising questions about their roles in development and disease pathogenesis. This review will begin by focusing on recent findings that define roles for cell surface protein and lipid glycosylation in pluripotent stem cells and their functional impact during normal development. Then, we will describe how patient derived induced pluripotent stem cells are being used to model human diseases such as congenital disorders of glycosylation. Collectively, these studies indicate that cell surface glycans perform critical roles in human development and disease.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Athens, GA, USA.|Center for Molecular Medicine, Athens, GA, USA.
Ryan P
RP
Berger
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Athens, GA, USA.|Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Michelle
M
Dookwah
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Athens, GA, USA.|Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Richard
R
Steet
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Athens, GA, USA.|Center for Molecular Medicine, Athens, GA, USA.
Stephen
S
Dalton
D000818:Animals; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D008055:Lipids; D011506:Proteins
congenital disorders of glycosylation; glycosylation; pluripotent stem cells
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