First evidence of Smith-Magenis syndrome in mother and daughter due to a novel RAI mutation.
Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a complex genetic disorder caused by interstitial 17p11.2 deletions encompassing multiple genes, including the retinoic acid induced 1 gene-RAI1-or mutations in RAI1 itself. The clinical spectrum includes developmental delay, cognitive impairment, and behavioral abnormalities, with distinctive physical features that become more evident with age. No patients have been reported to have had offspring. We here describe a girl with developmental delay, mainly compromising the speech area, and her mother with mild intellectual disabilities and minor dysmorphic features. Both had sleep disturbance and attention deficit disorder, but no other atypical behaviors have been reported. In both, CGH-array analysis detected a 15q13.3 interstitial duplication, encompassing CHRNA7. However, the same duplication has been observed in several, apparently healthy, maternal relatives. We, thus, performed a whole exome sequencing analysis, which detected a frameshift mutation in RAI1, de novo in the mother, and transmitted to her daughter. No other family members carried this mutation. This is the first report of an SMS patient having offspring. Our experience confirms the importance of searching for alternative causative genetic mechanisms in case of confounding/inconclusive findings such as a CGH-array result of uncertain significance. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
U.O. di Genetica Medica, A.O.R.N. "G. Rummo", Benevento, Italy.
Fabio
F
Acquaviva
U.S.S.D. Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.
Maria Elena
ME
Sana
Unità di Genetica Medica, Ospedale Pediatrico Meyer, Firenze, Italy.
Matteo
M
Della Monica
Telethon Institute of Genetic Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
Michele
M
Pinelli
U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.
Diana
D
Postorivo
Dipartimento di Medicine Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
Paolo
P
Fontana
Dipartimento di Medicine Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
Maria Teresa
MT
Falco
U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.
Anna Maria
AM
Nardone
U.O. di Genetica Medica, A.O.R.N. "G. Rummo", Benevento, Italy.
Fortunato
F
Lonardo
U.S.S.D. Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.
Maria
M
Iascone
U.O. di Genetica Medica, A.O.R.N. "G. Rummo", Benevento, Italy.
Gioacchino
G
Scarano
D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D055028:Comparative Genomic Hybridization; D059472:Exome; D019066:Facies; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009035:Mothers; D009154:Mutation; D009679:Nuclear Family; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D058496:Smith-Magenis Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*
D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C119612:PPP1R13L protein, human; D012097:Repressor Proteins
17p11.2; RAI1; Smith-Magenis syndrome; genetic counseling