Association between GDF5 +104T/C polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis in Caucasian and Asian populations: a meta-analysis based on case-control studies.
BACKGROUND
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease with a complex genetic background. Variants in growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) have been reported to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in several ethnic populations. The present study aimed to assess the association between the GDF5 +104T/C polymorphism and the susceptibility of the knee to OA through a meta-analysis of available case-control studies.


METHODS
The PubMed and Science Direct citation databases were used to search electronic literature in order to identify studies published between January 2007 and July 2016 that evaluated the association between the GDF5 +104T/C polymorphism and the susceptibility of the knee to OA. Different genetic models were used to assess the pooled and stratified data.


RESULTS
A positive association was found in all pooled studies (OR = 0.808, 95 % CI = 0.754-0.866, p < 0.001). Regarding genotypes, significant associations were found using a dominant model (OR = 0.777, 95 % CI = 0.708-0.852, p < 0.001), a recessive model (OR = 0.723, 95%CI = 0.623-0.839, p < 0.001), and an additive model (CC vs TT OR = 0.648, 95 % CI = 0.552-0.760, p < 0.001; CC vs CT OR = 0.801, 95 % CI = 0.685-0.936, p = 0.005). Meta-analysis data were stratified by ethnicity, and the GDF5 C allele was found to be positively associated with OA of the knee in both Caucasians and Asians, as were the GDF5 TC and CC genotypes. In addition, using an additive model, the CC genotype was found to be significantly associated with OA of the knee in both Caucasians and Asians when comparing CC vs TT genotypes, but not in Caucasians when comparing TT vs CT genotypes.


CONCLUSIONS
Meta-analysis results indicated that the GDF5 +104T/C polymorphism is a protective factor for OA among Caucasian and Asian populations.
Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, People's Republic of China.
Dong
D
Jiang
Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China.
Zengtao
Z
Hao
Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China.
Dongsheng
D
Fan
Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, People's Republic of China.
Wen
W
Guo
Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, People's Republic of China.
Pengcheng
P
Xu
Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China.
Chao
C
Yin
Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China. wenshuzheng54@sina.com.
Shuzheng
S
Wen
Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China. wangjihong54@sina.com.
Jihong
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5071-9510
J
Wang
GDF5; Meta-analysis; Osteoarthritis; Polymorphism
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