[Settings-based prevention of overweight in childhood and adolescents : Theoretical foundation, determinants and intervention planning].
BACKGROUND
Childhood and adolescent overweight can still be seen as a global public health problem. Based on our socioeconomic understanding, overweight is the result of a complex interplay of a diverse array of factors acting on different levels. Hence, in addition to individual level determinants overweight prevention should also address environmental related factors as part of a holistic and integrated setting approach.


OBJECTIVE
This paper aims to discuss the setting approach with regard to overweight prevention in childhood and adolescence. In addition to a summary of environmental factors and their empirical influence on the determinants of overweight, theoretical approaches and planning models of settings-based overweight prevention are discussed.


RESULTS
While settings can be characterized as specific social-spatial subsystems (e. g. kindergarten, schools), living environments relate to complex subject-oriented environments that may include various subsystems. Direct social contexts, educational contexts and community contexts as relevant systems for young people contain different evidence-based influences that need to be taken into account in settings based overweight prevention. To support a theory-driven intervention, numerous planning models exist, which are presented here.


CONCLUSIONS
Given the strengthening of environments for health within the prevention law, the underlying settings approach also needs further development with regard to overweigth prevention. This includes the improvement of the theoretical foundation by aligning intervention practice of planning models, which also has a positive influence on the ability to measure its success.
Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Köln, Deutschland. e.quilling@dshs-koeln.de.|Hochschule Rhein-Main, Wiesbaden, Deutschland. e.quilling@dshs-koeln.de.
Eike
E
Quilling
Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Köln, Deutschland.|Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Deutschland.
Kevin
K
Dadaczynski
Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Köln, Deutschland.
Merle
M
Müller
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005858:Germany; D006285:Health Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D017146:Models, Organizational; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010347:Patient Care Planning / Q000458:organization & administration; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000458:organization & administration*; D055815:Young Adult
Childhood and adolesence; Overweight; Planning models; Prevention; Setting