Chemical Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity of Volatile Compounds from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Lam. according to Compound Classes, Plant Organs and Senegalese Sample Locations.
The chemical diversity of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides growing wild in Senegal was studied according to volatile compound classes, plant organs and sample locations. The composition of fruit essential oil was investigated using an original targeted approach based on the combination of gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) both coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). The volatile composition of Z. zanthoxyloides fruits exhibited relative high amounts of hydrocarbon monoterpenes (24.3 - 55.8%) and non-terpenic oxygenated compounds (34.5 - 63.1%). The main components were (E)-β-ocimene (12.1 - 39%), octyl acetate (11.6 - 21.8%) and decanol (9.7 - 15.4%). The GC and GC/MS profiling of fruit essential oils showed a chemical variability according to geographical locations of plant material. The LC/MS/MS analysis of fruit oils allowed the detection of seven coumarins in trace content. The chemical composition of fruit essential oils was compared with volatile fractions of leaves and barks (root and trunk) from the same plant station. Hexadecanoic acid, germacrene D and decanal were identified as the major constituents of leaves whereas the barks (root and trunk) were dominated by pellitorine (85.8% and 57%, respectively), an atypic linear compound with amide group. The fruit essential oil exhibited interesting antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, particularly the alcohol fraction of the oil.
Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels, UMR CNRS 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, FR-20250, Corte.|Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP: 5005, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
Yoro
Y
Tine
Laboratoire de Bactériologie-virologie, Hopital Aristide Le Dantec, BP: 3001, Dakar, Sénégal.
Abdoulaye
A
Diop
Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et de Botanique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP: 5005, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
William
W
Diatta
Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels, UMR CNRS 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, FR-20250, Corte.
Jean-Marie
JM
Desjobert
Laboratoire de Bactériologie-virologie, Hopital Aristide Le Dantec, BP: 3001, Dakar, Sénégal.
Cheikh Saad Bouh
CS
Boye
Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels, UMR CNRS 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, FR-20250, Corte.
Jean
J
Costa
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP: 5005, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
Alassane
A
Wélé
Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels, UMR CNRS 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, FR-20250, Corte.
Julien
J
Paolini
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D012675:Senegal; D032106:Zanthoxylum / Q000737:chemistry*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile

Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides
; Antimicrobial activity; Coumarins; Essential oils; GC/MS; HPLC-MS/MS