Gene Flow and Molecular Innovation in Bacteria.
The small molecules produced by environmental bacteria have been mainstays of both chemical and biological research for decades, and some have led to important therapeutic interventions. These small molecules have been shaped by natural selection as they evolved to fulfill changing functional roles in their native environments. This minireview describes some recent systematic studies providing illustrative examples that involve the acquisition and alteration of genetic information for molecular innovation by bacteria in well-defined environments. Two different bacterial genera are featured, Pseudonocardia and Salinispora, and, although the small-molecule repertoires of both have benefited from horizontal gene transfer, Pseudonocardia spp. have relied on plasmid-based tactics while Salinispora spp. have relied on chromosomally integrated genomic islands.
Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Antonio C
AC
Ruzzini
Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: jon_clardy@hms.harvard.edu.
Jon
J
Clardy
D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal / Q000235:genetics*; D044404:Genomic Islands / Q000235:genetics*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*
BMC Biol. 2010 Aug 26;8:109
20796277
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1999 Nov 1;180(1):39-44
10547442
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2013 Nov;39(4):395-415
22978761
Chembiochem. 2011 Jan 3;12(1):61-4
21154492
ACS Chem Biol. 2015 Feb 20;10(2):601-10
25415678
Nat Chem Biol. 2009 Jun;5(6):391-3
19330011
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004 Jun;68(2):173-86
15187180
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2004 May;2(5):414-24
15100694
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Oct;68(10):5005-11
12324350
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2011 Apr 01;3(4):null
21084388
Nat Prod Rep. 2013 Jan;30(1):108-60
23165928
PLoS Comput Biol. 2014 Dec 04;10(12):e1004016
25474254
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 Jun;63(6):2147-54
9172332
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Oct 27;112(43):13150-4
26438860
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 05;9(6):e99077
24901640
PLoS One. 2007 Sep 26;2(9):e960
17896000
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 24;106(12):4742-6
19270078
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016 Mar;14(3):135-49
26876034
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Mar 25;105(12):4601-8
18216259
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Mar 25;111(12):E1130-9
24616526
J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1965 Sep;18(5):201-4
4955234
Environ Microbiol. 2015 Jun;17(6):2158-71
25329237
Nat Prod Rep. 2015 May;32(5):738-51
25730728
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Mar 30;133(12):4587-95
21381663
Trends Genet. 2013 Mar;29(3):170-5
23332119
J Nat Prod. 2012 Oct 26;75(10):1806-9
23025282
Environ Microbiol. 2009 Jan;11(1):159-75
18793314
Science. 2006 Aug 11;313(5788):848-51
16902142
Science. 1998 Oct 2;282(5386):63-8
9756477
J Am Chem Soc. 2015 Nov 18;137(45):14272-4
26535611
ISME J. 2009 Oct;3(10):1193-203
19474814
Nat Chem Biol. 2006 Dec;2(12):729-35
17086177
J Appl Microbiol. 1998 Jul;85(1):69-78
9721657
Environ Microbiol Rep. 2010 Aug;2(4):534-540
22896766
J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Aug 22;134(33):13550-3
22830960
Infect Immun. 2009 Nov;77(11):4696-703
19720753
ACS Chem Biol. 2016 Feb 19;11(2):478-90
26675041
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 28;106(30):12295-300
19590008
Mol Biol Evol. 2006 Dec;23(12):2361-9
16956972
Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jul;41(Web Server issue):W204-12
23737449
J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1982 Aug;35(8):1101-3
6815147
Chem Biol. 2010 Feb 26;17(2):160-73
20189106