Transcriptional regulatory mechanism of alcohol dehydrogenase 1-deficient mutant of rice for cell survival under complete submergence.
BACKGROUND
Rice is the only crop that germinates and elongates the coleoptile under complete submergence. It has been shown that alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1)-deficient mutant of rice with reduced alcohol dehydrogenase activity (rad) and reduced ATP level, is viable with much reduced coleoptile elongation under such condition. To understand the altered transcriptional regulatory mechanism of this mutant, we aimed to establish possible relationships between gene expression and cis-regulatory information content.


RESULTS
We performed promoter analysis of the publicly available differentially expressed genes in ADH1 mutant. Our results revealed that a crosstalk between a number of key transcription factors (TFs) and different phytohormones altered transcriptional regulation leading to the survival of the mutant. Amongst the key TFs identified, we suggest potential involvement of MYB, bZIP, ARF and ERF as transcriptional activators and WRKY, ABI4 and MYC as transcriptional repressors of coleoptile elongation to maintain metabolite levels for the cell viability. Out of the repressors, WRKY TF is most likely playing a major role in the alteration of the physiological implications associated with the cell survival.


CONCLUSIONS
Overall, our analysis provides a possible transcriptional regulatory mechanism underlying the survival of the rad mutant under complete submergence in an energy crisis condition and develops hypotheses for further experimental validation.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
Bijayalaxmi
B
Mohanty
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
Hirokazu
H
Takahashi
Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Box 42122, Lubbock, TX, 79409-2122, USA.
Benildo G
BG
de Los Reyes
IFReC, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Edward
E
Wijaya
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
Mikio
M
Nakazono
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore. cheld@nus.edu.sg.|Bioprocessing Technology Institute, 20 Biopolis Way, Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore. cheld@nus.edu.sg.
Dong-Yup
DY
Lee
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1); Cis-elements; Coleoptile; Promoters; Reduced alcohol dehydrogenase activity (rad); Rice; Submergence; Transcription factors (TFs)
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