Lipid fingerprint image accurately conveys human colon cell pathophysiologic state: A solid candidate as biomarker.
Membrane lipids are gaining increasing attention in the clinical biomarker field, as they are associated with different pathologic processes such as cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. Analyzing human colonoscopic sections by matrix assisted laser/desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging techniques, we identified a defined number of lipid species changing concomitant to the colonocyte differentiation and according to a quite simple mathematical expression. These species felt into two lipid families tightly associated in signaling: phosphatidylinositols and arachidonic acid-containing lipids. On the other hand, an opposed pattern was observed in lamina propria for AA-containing lipids, coinciding with the physiological distribution of the immunological response cells in this tissue. Importantly, the lipid gradient was accompanied by a gradient in expression of enzymes involved in lipid mobilization. Finally, both lipid and protein gradients were lost in adenomatous polyps. The latter allowed us to assess how different a single lipid species is handled in a pathological context depending on the cell type. The strict patterns of distribution in lipid species and lipid enzymes described here unveil the existence of fine regulatory mechanisms orchestrating the lipidome according to the physiological state of the cell. In addition, these results provide solid evidence that the cell lipid fingerprint image can be used to predict precisely the physiological and pathological status of a cell, reinforcing its translational impact in clinical research.
Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa, Medical Research Institute of Palma), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: juan.bestard@ssib.es.
Joan
J
Bestard-Escalas
Dep. of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain. Electronic address: jone.garate@ehu.eus.
Jone
J
Garate
Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa, Medical Research Institute of Palma), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: albert.maimo@ssib.es.
Albert
A
Maimó-Barceló
Dep. of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain. Electronic address: robertoantonio.fernandez@ehu.es.
Roberto
R
Fernández
Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa, Medical Research Institute of Palma), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: daniel.h.lopez.ph.d@gmail.com.
Daniel Horacio
DH
Lopez
Dep. of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain. Electronic address: lagenator@gmail.com.
Sergio
S
Lage
Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa, Medical Research Institute of Palma), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: rebeca.reigada@ssib.es.
Rebeca
R
Reigada
Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa, Medical Research Institute of Palma), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: sam.khorrami@ssib.es.
Sam
S
Khorrami
Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa, Medical Research Institute of Palma), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: daniel.ginard@ssib.es.
Daniel
D
Ginard
Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Comarcal de Inca, Inca, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: jose.reyes@hcin.es.
José
J
Reyes
Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa, Medical Research Institute of Palma), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; Pathological Anatomy Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: isabel.amengual@ssib.es.
Isabel
I
Amengual
Dep. of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain. Electronic address: josea.fernandez@ehu.es.
José A
JA
Fernández
Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa, Medical Research Institute of Palma), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address: gwendolyn.barcelo@ssib.es.
Gwendolyn
G
Barceló-Coblijn
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000502:physiology*; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods
D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols
Arachidonic acid; Colonocyte differentiation; Lipidomics; MALDI-imaging; Phosphatidylinositol