Role of Some Predominant Host Immunomodulators' Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Severity of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infection.
Hepatitis B and C infections can be either acute or chronic. The chronic infection can culminate in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Influence of the host genetic makeup on conversion of acute to chronic infection, development of cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma is an interesting area of research. Variability in different immune system genes may account for such differences in the outcome of infection. This article discusses single nucleotide polymorphisms in different host immunomodulator genes that have been frequently reported to influence the outcome of infection and severity of disease. The genetic variability could be utilized for the prediction of disease outcome and treatment responses.
1 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan .
Shafiq Ur
SU
Rehman
1 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan .
Mahd
M
Rauf
1 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan .
Zaigham
Z
Abbas
2 Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University , Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Muhammed Haroon
MH
Hamed
2 Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University , Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ishtiaq
I
Qadri
D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
C584933:CCR5 protein, human; D006680:HLA Antigens; C507964:IFNAR1 protein, human; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007378:Interleukins; C445619:MBL2 protein, human; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta
chronic infections; host–virus interactions; susceptibility; treatment