Self-navigated 4D cartesian imaging of periodic motion in the body trunk using partial k-space compressed sensing.
To enable fast and flexible high-resolution four-dimensional (4D) MRI of periodic thoracic/abdominal motion for motion visualization or motion-corrected imaging.



We proposed a Cartesian three-dimensional k-space sampling scheme that acquires a random combination of k-space lines in the ky/kz plane. A partial Fourier-like constraint compacts the sampling space to one half of k-space. The central k-space line is periodically acquired to allow an extraction of a self-navigated respiration signal used to populate a k-space of multiple breathing positions. The randomness of the acquisition (induced by periodic breathing pattern) yields a subsampled k-space that is reconstructed using compressed sensing. Local image evaluations (coefficient of variation and slope steepness through organs) reveal information about motion resolvability. Image quality is inspected by a blinded reading. Sequence and reconstruction method are made publicly available.



The method is able to capture and reconstruct 4D images with high image quality and motion resolution within a short scan time of less than 2 min. These findings are supported by restricted-isometry-property analysis, local image evaluation, and blinded reading.



The proposed method provides a clinical feasible setup to capture periodic respiratory motion with a fast acquisition protocol and can be extended by further surrogate signals to capture additional periodic motions. Retrospective parametrization allows for flexible tuning toward the targeted applications. Magn Reson Med 78:632-644, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.|Institute of Signal Processing and System Theory, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Thomas
T
Küstner
Institute of Signal Processing and System Theory, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.|Section on Experimental Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Christian
C
Würslin
Institute of Signal Processing and System Theory, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.|Section on Experimental Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Martin
M
Schwartz
Section on Experimental Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Petros
P
Martirosian
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Sergios
S
Gatidis
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.|Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Cornelia
C
Brendle
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Ferdinand
F
Seith
Section on Experimental Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Fritz
F
Schick
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Nina F
NF
Schwenzer
Institute of Signal Processing and System Theory, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Bin
B
Yang
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Holger
H
Schmidt
D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D012119:Respiration; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D060726:Torso / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
compressed sensing; motion visualization; partial Fourier