Decision Making Impairment: A Shared Vulnerability in Obesity, Gambling Disorder and Substance Use Disorders?
BACKGROUND
Addictions are associated with decision making impairments. The present study explores decision making in Substance use disorder (SUD), Gambling disorder (GD) and Obesity (OB) when assessed by Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and compares them with healthy controls (HC).


METHODS
For the aims of this study, 591 participants (194 HC, 178 GD, 113 OB, 106 SUD) were assessed according to DSM criteria, completed a sociodemographic interview and conducted the IGT.


RESULTS
SUD, GD and OB present impaired decision making when compared to the HC in the overall task and task learning, however no differences are found for the overall performance in the IGT among the clinical groups. Results also reveal some specific learning across the task patterns within the clinical groups: OB maintains negative scores until the third set where learning starts but with a less extend to HC, SUD presents an early learning followed by a progressive although slow improvement and GD presents more random choices with no learning.


CONCLUSIONS
Decision making impairments are present in the studied clinical samples and they display individual differences in the task learning. Results can help understanding the underlying mechanisms of OB and addiction behaviors as well as improve current clinical treatments.
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Nuria
N
Mallorquí-Bagué
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Ana B
AB
Fagundo
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Susana
S
Jimenez-Murcia
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Integrated Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain, Pompeu Fabra University (CEXS-UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
Rafael
R
de la Torre
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Psychological, Personality, Evaluation and Treatment of the University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Rosa M
RM
Baños
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology of the University Jaume I, Castelló, Spain.
Cristina
C
Botella
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Endocrine Division, Complejo Hospitalario U. de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Felipe F
FF
Casanueva
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Endocrine Division, Complejo Hospitalario U. de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Ana B
AB
Crujeiras
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
Jose C
JC
Fernández-García
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdlBGi) Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain.
Jose M
JM
Fernández-Real
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Gema
G
Frühbeck
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Roser
R
Granero
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Amaia
A
Rodríguez
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
Iris
I
Tolosa-Sola
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdlBGi) Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain.
Francisco J
FJ
Ortega
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
Francisco J
FJ
Tinahones
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
Eva
E
Alvarez-Moya
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
Cristian
C
Ochoa
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERsam), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Jose M
JM
Menchón
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Fernando
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2968-9898
F
Fernández-Aranda
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