Double-layered covered stent for the treatment of malignant oesophageal obstructions: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the efficacy of double-layered covered stent in the treatment of malignant oesophageal obstructions.


METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the PRISMA process. PubMed (Medline), EMBASE (Excerpta Medical Database), AMED (Allied and Complementary medicine Database), Scopus and online content, were searched for studies reporting on the NiTi-S polyurethane-covered double oesophageal stent for the treatment of malignant dysphagia. Weighted pooled outcomes were synthesized with a random effects model to account for clinical heterogeneity. All studies reporting the outcome of palliative management of dysphagia due to histologically confirmed malignant oesophageal obstruction using double-layered covered nitinol stent were included. The level of statistical significance was set at α = 0.05.


RESULTS
Six clinical studies comprising 250 patients in total were identified. Pooled technical success of stent insertion was 97.2% (95%CI: 94.8%-98.9%; I (2) = 5.8%). Pooled complication rate was 27.6% (95%CI: 20.7%-35.2%; I (2) = 41.9%). Weighted improvement of dysphagia on a scale of 0-5 scoring system was -2.00 [95%CI: -2.29%-(-1.72%); I (2) = 87%]. Distal stent migration was documented in 10 out of the 250 cases examined. Pooled stent migration rate was 4.7% (95%CI: 2.5%-7.7%; I (2) = 0%). Finally, tumour overgrowth was reported in 34 out of the 250 cases with pooled rate of tumour overgrowth of 11.2% (95%CI: 3.7%-22.1%; I (2) = 82.2%). No funnel plot asymmetry to suggest publication bias (bias = 0.39, P = 0.78). In the sensitivity analysis all results were largely similar between the fixed and random effects models.


CONCLUSIONS
The double-layered nitinol stent provides immediate relief of malignant dysphagia with low rates of stent migration and tumour overgrowth.
Zeiad Hussain, Athanasios Diamantopoulos, Konstantinos Katsanos, Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's and St.Thomas' Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
Zeiad
Z
Hussain
Zeiad Hussain, Athanasios Diamantopoulos, Konstantinos Katsanos, Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's and St.Thomas' Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
Athanasios
A
Diamantopoulos
Zeiad Hussain, Athanasios Diamantopoulos, Konstantinos Katsanos, Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's and St.Thomas' Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
Miltiadis
M
Krokidis
Zeiad Hussain, Athanasios Diamantopoulos, Konstantinos Katsanos, Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's and St.Thomas' Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
Konstantinos
K
Katsanos
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000497:Alloys; C013616:nitinol
Double-layered covered stent; Double-layered nitinol stent; Dysphagia; Malignant oesophageal obstructions
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