Low calcium and vitamin D intake in Korean women over 50 years of age.
Inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake is a possible risk factor of osteoporosis. Our purposes were to estimate calcium and vitamin D intake in Korean women, and to determine associated risk factors for low calcium and vitamin D intake. This is a multicenter, hospital-based, and cross-sectional study on osteoporosis. In this study, 1516 women of 50 years or older were involved. Dietary calcium and vitamin D intake were evaluated using the self-reporting KCAT questionnaire. Average daily calcium intake was 662.8 ± 473.8 mg, and vitamin D intake 9.5 ± 10.7 μg. In multivariate analysis, older age (OR 1.02, 95 % CI 1.00-1.04, p = 0.001), and rural residence (OR 2.43, 95 % CI 1.34-4.43, p = 0.004) were significant risk factors for lower calcium intake, and older age (OR 1.03, 95 % CI 1.02-1.04, p < 0.001), and rural residence (OR 1.85, 95 % CI 1.10-3.11, p < 0.001) were significant risk factors for lower vitamin D intake. About 70 % of women aged 50 years or older had calcium and vitamin D intake below the recommended dietary intake. Older age and rural residence were significant risk factors for lower calcium and vitamin D intake in Korean women.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
Young-Kyun
YK
Lee
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Jae-Suk
JS
Chang
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Yong-Ki
YK
Min
Department of Endocrinology, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Dong-Won
DW
Byun
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
Yongsoon
Y
Park
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-ku, Seoul, 156-755, South Korea. hayongch@naver.com.
Yong-Chan
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-0581
YC
Ha
Calcium; Osteoporosis; Risk factors; Vitamin D
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