T-cell factor-4 and MHC upregulation in pigs receiving a live attenuated classical swine fever virus (CSFV) vaccine strain with interferon-gamma adjuvant.
The effect of co-administration of interferon (IFN)-γ in pigs undergoing vaccination with an attenuated strain (LPC) of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) was investigated. Unvaccinated pigs demonstrated pyrexia and died 7-9 days after challenge with virulent CSFV. Pigs receiving the attenuated vaccine remained healthy after virus challenge, except for mild, transient pyrexia, whereas pigs receiving IFN-γ simultaneously with the vaccine demonstrated normal body temperatures after virus challenge. Examination by nested RT-PCR revealed greater viral load in the spleens of the pigs vaccinated with the attenuated CSFV, compared with those that had additionally received IFN-γ. Expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class II molecules was upregulated in the spleens of the IFN-γ treated vaccinated pigs, demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Based on Western blot analysis, anti-CSFV IgG2 antibodies were elevated in vaccinated pigs by co-administration of IFN-γ (IFN-γ(Hi): P < 0.01; IFN-γ(Lo): P <0.05). By employing the suppression subtractive hybridization technique, RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry, T-cell factor-4 (Tcf-4) mRNA and protein expression were found to be upregulated in the spleens of vaccinated pigs that had received IFN-γ. This study suggests involvement of Tcf-4 in IFN-γ-mediated immune regulation following CSFV vaccination.
Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Y-H
YH
Fan
Epidemiology Research Division, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tamsui, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Y-L
YL
Lin
Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Y-C
YC
Hwang
Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China.
H-C
HC
Yang
Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China.
H-C
HC
Chiu
Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China. Electronic address: shchiou@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.
S-H
SH
Chiou
Hog Cholera Division, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tamsui, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan, Republic of China.
M-H
MH
Jong
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China.
K-C
KC
Chow
Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China.
C-C
CC
Lin
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D006691:Classical Swine Fever / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006692:Classical Swine Fever Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I / Q000276:immunology; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II / Q000276:immunology; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D013552:Swine; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein / Q000276:immunology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D015415:Biomarkers; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D007371:Interferon-gamma
Classical swine fever virus; IgG2 isotype; Interferon-gamma; Major histocompatibility complex; Porcine; T-cell factor-4