Host cytoskeleton in respiratory syncytial virus assembly and budding.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the major pathogens responsible for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in young children, the elderly, and the immunosuppressed. Currently, there are no antiviral drugs or vaccines available that effectively target RSV infections, proving a significant challenge in regards to prevention and treatment. An in-depth understanding of the host-virus interactions that underlie assembly and budding would inform new targets for antiviral development.Current research suggests that the polymerised form of actin, the filamentous or F-actin, plays a role in RSV assembly and budding. Treatment with cytochalasin D, which disrupts F-actin, has been shown to inhibit virus release. In addition, the actin cytoskeleton has been shown to interact with the RSV matrix (M) protein, which plays a central role in RSV assembly. For this reason, the interaction between these two components is hypothesised to facilitate the movement of viral components in the cytoplasm and to the budding site. Despite increases in our knowledge of RSV assembly and budding, M-actin interactions are not well understood. In this review, we discuss the current literature on the role of actin cytoskeleton during assembly and budding of RSV with the aim to integrate disparate studies to build a hypothetical model of the various molecular interactions between actin and RSV M protein that facilitate RSV assembly and budding.
Respiratory Virology Group, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, 2617, Australia.
Shadi
S
Shahriari
Respiratory Virology Group, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, 2617, Australia.
James
J
Gordon
Respiratory Virology Group, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, 2617, Australia. Reena.Ghildyal@canberra.edu.au.
Reena
R
Ghildyal
Actin; Cytoskeleton; Matrix protein; Microfilaments; Molecular motors; Virus assembly; Virus budding
Virus Res. 1998 Jan;53(1):13-25
9617766
J Virol. 2012 Apr;86(8):4432-43
22318136
Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2014 Apr 25;6:217-25
24812523
J Virol. 2012 Aug;86(15):8245-58
22623778
Cell. 2006 Feb 24;124(4):741-54
16497585
J Gen Virol. 2000 Jan;81(Pt 1):47-58
10640541
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011 Jun;9(6):427-39
21522191
J Gen Virol. 2002 Apr;83(Pt 4):753-757
11907323
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Sep;42(9):1416-29
20398786
J Virol. 2000 Jan;74(2):669-75
10623728
J Virol. 2005 May;79(9):5326-36
15827147
Virus Res. 2013 Oct;177(1):108-12
23892143
Mol Cell Proteomics. 2015 Mar;14(3):532-43
25556234
J Virol. 2013 Oct;87(19):10730-41
23903836
PLoS Pathog. 2010 Jun 24;6(6):e1000881
20585631
J Cell Sci. 1997 Jan;110 ( Pt 1):95-103
9010788
J Virol. 2007 Jul;81(14):7786-800
17494077
J Virol. 2002 Jun;76(11):5654-66
11991994
J Virol. 2008 Sep;82(17):8863-70
18579594
Nat Med. 2000 Jan;6(1):35-40
10613821
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Dec 12;103(50):18992-7
17146050
J Virol. 2000 Nov;74(22):10508-13
11044095
J Gen Virol. 2007 Feb;88(Pt 2):570-581
17251576
Trends Microbiol. 2005 Jul;13(7):320-7
15950476
Nucleic Acids Res. 2007;35(11):3602-11
17485480
Nat Med. 2011 Aug 14;17(9):1132-5
21841784
Virology. 1993 Jul;195(1):243-7
8317099
PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e40826
22808269
Nat Cell Biol. 2005 Apr;7(4):429-31
15803134
PLoS One. 2010 Jun 07;5(6):e10994
20543880
Curr Biol. 2000 Dec 14-28;10(24):R891-5
11137023
Virology. 2005 Jan 5;331(1):73-81
15582654
J Virol. 1999 Apr;73(4):3438-42
10074199
J Gen Virol. 2013 Aug;94(Pt 8):1734-1738
23677789
Virology. 2011 Feb 5;410(1):7-16
21075412
Mol Biol Cell. 2002 Aug;13(8):2795-809
12181347
Viruses. 2014 Aug 07;6(8):3019-54
25105277
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(15):5405-9
3016702
J Virol. 1995 Apr;69(4):2667-73
7884920
J Virol. 2009 Apr;83(8):3734-42
19193793
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2000;23:39-71
10845058
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4594-8
3460060
PLoS Pathog. 2006 Aug;2(8):e85
16933992
Virology. 2007 Dec 20;369(2):309-23
17825340
Virology. 1983 Jan 15;124(1):59-74
6681685
J Cell Sci. 2007 Oct 15;120(Pt 20):3491-9
17928305
J Virol. 1990 Jul;64(7):3179-84
1693699
J Cell Sci. 2011 Mar 1;124(Pt 5):679-83
21321325
Int Rev Cytol. 2000;192:189-221
10553280
Am J Nephrol. 2007;27(6):590-604
17823505
Virology. 2001 May 10;283(2):188-96
11336544
BMC Microbiol. 2003 May 09;3:9
12740026
Trends Microbiol. 2000 Oct;8(10):465-72
11044681
Arch Virol. 2016 Aug;161(8):2351-60
27216929
Methods Mol Biol. 2007;379:15-34
17502668
Virology. 1998 Dec 5;252(1):137-48
9875324
Arch Virol. 2004 Jan;149(1):199-210
14689285
Biochem Soc Symp. 1999;65:173-205
10320939
J Virol. 1993 Jun;67(6):3507-14
7684469
Virol J. 2013 Aug 02;10:249
23914985
C R Biol. 2003 Feb;326(2):161-70
12754935
J Virol. 2012 Aug;86(15):7777-89
22593156
J Virol. 2004 Jun;78(11):5564-75
15140953
Virology. 2011 Mar 15;411(2):244-50
21241997
J Cell Biol. 1988 Nov;107(5):1689-95
3182934
J Virol. 1997 Jul;71(7):4944-53
9188557
J Virol. 2009 Nov;83(21):10869-76
19710142
Exp Cell Res. 2000 Dec 15;261(2):312-28
11112338
Immunol Rev. 2008 Oct;225:46-67
18837775
Virology. 2006 Apr 10;347(2):261-76
16427676
Nature. 1995 Dec 7;378(6557):636-8
8524400
J Virol. 1999 Jan;73(1):466-73
9847352
mBio. 2012 Feb 07;3(1):
22318318
Virology. 2001 Oct 25;289(2):283-96
11689051
Virol J. 2008 Oct 25;5:127
18950517
Virology. 2010 Aug 15;404(1):117-26
20537366
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2013;372:211-31
24362692
J Gen Virol. 2001 Nov;82(Pt 11):2747-2760
11602786
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jul 22;105(29):10209-14
18621683
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Sep 28;96(20):11259-64
10500164
J Cell Biol. 2006 Jul 17;174(2):267-75
16831884
PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e29386
22383950
J Virol. 2003 Feb;77(3):1747-56
12525608
J Virol. 1999 Jan;73(1):388-97
9847343
J Gen Virol. 2002 Dec;83(Pt 12):2915-2931
12466468
J Virol. 1998 Jul;72(7):5707-16
9621029
PLoS Biol. 2007 Jul;5(7):e183
17622193
J Virol. 1999 Mar;73(3):2222-31
9971805
J Virol. 2008 Mar;82(5):2040-55
17928346
Biophys J. 2009 Sep 16;97(6):1647-56
19751669
Virus Res. 2004 Dec;106(2):133-45
15567493
J Virol. 2001 Dec;75(23):11384-91
11689619
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2005;285:67-108
15609501
Virol J. 2014 Nov 19;11:198
25408253
Arch Virol. 1994;138(3-4):273-85
7998834
Virology. 2002 Sep 1;300(2):244-54
12350355
J Virol. 2000 Oct;74(19):9317-21
10982380