Immune checkpoint and inflammation as therapeutic targets in pancreatic carcinoma.
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is one of the most deadly malignant neoplasms, and the efficacy of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy is far from satisfactory. Recent research studies have revealed that immunosuppression and inflammation are associated with oncogenesis, as well as tumor development, invasion, and metastasis in PAC. Thus, immunosuppression-related signaling, especially that involving immune checkpoint and inflammation, has emerged as novel treatment targets for PAC. However, PAC is an immune-resistant tumor, and it is still unclear whether immune checkpoint or anti-inflammation therapies would be an ideal strategy. In this article, we will review immune checkpoint and inflammation as potential targets, as well as clinical trials and the prospects for immunotherapy in PAC.
Shiro Kimbara, Shunsuke Kondo, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
Shiro
S
Kimbara
Shiro Kimbara, Shunsuke Kondo, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
Shunsuke
S
Kondo
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000378:metabolism; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D053612:Janus Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000378:metabolism
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B; D053612:Janus Kinases
Immune checkpoint; Inflammation; Pancreatic adenocarcinoma; Randomized clinical trial; Therapeutic anticancer target
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