Exhaustive Training Leads to Hepatic Fat Accumulation.
Recently, we demonstrated that an overtraining (OT) protocol for mice based on downhill running sessions increased the hepatic phosphorylation of 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1; Thr389), a downstream target of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). In liver, the overactivation of the Akt/mTORC1 pathway induces lipogenesis via regulation of the action of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) at multiple steps. Herein, we verified the effects of three running OT models with same external load (i.e., the product between intensity and volume of training), but performed in downhill, uphill and without inclination, on the proteins related to the mTORC1 signaling pathway, the protein content of the SREBP-1, ACC, and FAS, and the morphological characteristics of C57BL/6 mouse livers. In summary, the downhill running-induced OT model up-regulated the levels of major proteins of the mTORC1 signaling pathway, the protein levels of SREBP-1 (p125 precursor) and induced signs of cell swelling accompanied by acute inflammation. The other two OT protocols performed uphill and without inclination did not modulate the most analyzed molecular proteins, but induced hepatic morphological alterations, suggesting an acute pathological adaptation. The three OT models induced hepatic fat accumulation. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2094-2103, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Alisson L
AL
da Rocha
Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Ana P
AP
Pinto
Department of Physical Education, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Giovana R
GR
Teixeira
Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Bruno C
BC
Pereira
Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Luciana C
LC
Oliveira
Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Adriana C
AC
Silva
School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Gustavo P
GP
Morais
Sport Sciences Course, Faculty of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
Dennys E
DE
Cintra
Sport Sciences Course, Faculty of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
José R
JR
Pauli
Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.|School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Adelino S R
ASR
da Silva
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D054890:Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D010807:Physical Endurance; D012420:Running; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; C497388:Srebf1 protein, mouse; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D054890:Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I; C546843:mTOR protein, mouse; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase