Can intraperitoneal bupivacaine decreases pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy? A randomized control trial.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate effect of intraperitoneal bupivacaine on postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy.


METHODS
Hundred patients undergoing laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy were included in the study and were divided randomly into two groups based on computer-generated randomization chart of fifty each. Patients were made familiar with VAS chart preoperatively. Group A received 20 mL of 0.5 % bupivacaine, while group B patients received 20 mL of 0.9 % normal saline intraperitoneally Postoperatively, patients were assessed based on VAS and requirement of rescue analgesic, hemodynamic parameters and presence of any adverse effects. Student's t test was used for statistical analysis.


RESULTS
At all-time interval, mean pain scores were higher in group B than group A. The difference between the mean pain scores was statistically significant (p < 0.05) at 0, 2 and 4 h. The mean dose of rescue analgesia (pentazocin, 30 mg in one vial) in group A was 33 ± 26 mg which was significantly less as compared to group B where it was 62 ± 28 mg. There was statistically insignificant difference between all cardiorespiratory factories at all-time intervals except for heart rate and mean blood pressure at 0 h in group A as compared to group B.


CONCLUSIONS
Intraperitoneal bupivacaine is a simple, safe, inexpensive method for control of postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy. Use of the correct dose and concentration of the drug are essential for effective pain control.
Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital (MPUH), Dr Varendra Desai Road, Nadiad, Gujrat, India. ankushjairath@gmail.com.
Ankush
A
Jairath
Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital (MPUH), Nadiad, India.
Arvind
A
Ganpule
Civil Hospital, Ludhiana, India.
Shinu
S
Gupta
Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital (MPUH), Nadiad, India.
Shashikant
S
Mishra
Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital (MPUH), Nadiad, India.
Ravindra
R
Sabnis
Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital (MPUH), Nadiad, India.
Mahesh
M
Desai
D000328:Adult; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002045:Bupivacaine
Bupivacaine; Intraperitoneal; Laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy; Local anesthetic
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