The Chiari 3.5 malformation: a review of the only reported case.
BACKGROUND
In 1894, Giuseppe Muscatello described what we believe to be the only case of an occipitocervical encephalocele with a communication to the stomach. This case and its history and context compared to the Chiari 3 malformation as described 3 years earlier by Hans Chiari are presented.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on the uniqueness of this case, we propose the term Chiari 3.5 malformation be used to describe its anatomical derailment.
Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA.|Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.
Christian
C
Fisahn
Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Mohammadali M
MM
Shoja
Department of Neurosurgery, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey.
Mehmet
M
Turgut
Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Rod J
RJ
Oskouian
Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA.
W Jerry
WJ
Oakes
Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA. shanet@seattlesciencefoundation.org.
R Shane
RS
Tubbs
D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000266:history* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant
Cervical encephalocele; Chiari 3 malformation; History
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