Rosmarinic Acid andMelissa officinalisExtracts Differently Affect Glioblastoma Cells.
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalisL.) has many biological effects but especially important is its neuroprotective activity. The aim of the study is to produce different extracts ofMelissa officinalisand analyse their chemical composition and biological properties on rat glioblastoma C6 cells. Results revealed that rosmarinic acid (RA) is the predominant compound of lemon balm extracts. RA has cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells (LC50290.5μM after the incubation of 24 h and LC50171.3μM after 48 h). RA at concentration 80-130μM suppresses the cell proliferation and has an antioxidant effect. 200μM and higher concentrations of RA have a prooxidant effect and initiate cell death through necrosis. The aqueous extract of lemon balm is also enriched in phenolic compounds: protocatechuic, caftaric, caffeic, ferulic, and cichoric acids and flavonoid luteolin-7-glucoside. This extract at concentrations 50μM-200μM RA has cytotoxic activity and initiates cell death through apoptosis. Extracts prepared with 70% ethanol contain the biggest amount of active compounds. These extracts have the highest cytotoxic activity on glioblastoma cells. They initiate generation of intracellular ROS and cell death through apoptosis and necrosis. Our data suggest that differently prepared lemon balm extracts differently affect glioblastoma cells and can be used as neuroprotective agents in several therapeutic strategies.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu st. 13, LT-50166 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Kristina
K
Ramanauskiene
Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu st. 13, LT-50166 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Raimondas
R
Raudonis
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Daiva
0000-0003-3956-5298
D
Majiene
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