A Comprehensive Functional Analysis of NTRK1 Missense Mutations Causing Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type IV (HSAN IV).
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV (HSAN IV) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a complete lack of pain perception and anhidrosis. Here, we studied a cohort of seven patients with HSAN IV and describe a comprehensive functional analysis of seven novel NTRK1 missense mutations, c.1550G >A, c.1565G >A, c.1970T >C, c.2096T >C, c.2254T >A, c.2288G >C, and c.2311C >T, corresponding to p.G517E, p.G522E, p.L657P, p.I699T, p.C752S, p.C763S, and p.R771C, all of which were predicted pathogenic by in silico analysis. The results allowed us to assess the pathogenicity of each mutation and to gain novel insights into tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA) downstream signaling. Each mutation was systematically analyzed for TRKA glycosylation states, intracellular and cell membrane expression patterns, nerve growth factor stimulated TRKA autophosphorylation, TRKA-Y496 phosphorylation, PLCγ activity, and neurite outgrowth. We showed a diverse range of functional effects: one mutation appeared fully functional, another had partial activity in all assays, one mutation affected only the PLCγ pathway and four mutations were proved null in all assays. Thus, we conclude that complete abolition of TRKA kinase activity is not the only pathogenic mechanism underlying HSAN IV. By corollary, the assessment of the clinical pathogenicity of HSAN IV mutations is more complex than initially predicted and requires a multifaceted approach.
Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
Samiha S
SS
Shaikh
Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
Ya-Chun
YC
Chen
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
Sally-Anne
SA
Halsall
Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
Michael S
MS
Nahorski
Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Ltd, Great Abington, UK.
Kiyoyuki
K
Omoto
Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Ltd, Great Abington, UK.
Gareth T
GT
Young
Stratified Medical, London, NW1 1LW, UK.
Anne
A
Phelan
Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
Christopher Geoffrey
CG
Woods
D000483:Alleles; D002460:Cell Line; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D023061:Gene Order; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D056426:Genetic Loci; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006031:Glycosylation; D009477:Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D020917:Receptor, trkA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction
D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma
CIPA; NGF; TRKA; neuropathy; pain
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