Determination of personal care products -benzophenones and parabens- in human menstrual blood.
Benzophenones and parabens are synthetic chemicals used in many personal care products, foods and pharmaceuticals. Benzophenones are used to protect the skin and materials from the adverse effects of UV-radiation, and parabens are used as preservatives. Despite their widespread occurrence and proven endocrine disrupting activity, relatively little is known about human exposure to these compounds. In the present work, an analytical method based on sample treatment using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) for the extraction of six benzophenones (benzophenone-1, -2, -3, -6, -8 and 4-hydroxybenzophenone) and four parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- and butyl- paraben) from human menstrual blood samples, followed by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis, is proposed and validated. The method was validated using matrix-matched standard calibration followed by a recovery assay with spiked samples. The limits of detection ranged from 0.1 to 0.3ngmL-1, with recoveries of 93.8% to 108.9%, and precision (evaluated as relative standard deviation) lower than 14% for all selected compounds. This method was successfully applied for the determination of the target compounds in 25 samples of human menstrual blood. Methylparaben and benzophenone-3 were the most frequently detected compounds (96%).
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, E-18012, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain. Electronic address: ijdiaz@ugr.es.
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Jiménez-Díaz
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, E-18012, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
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Iribarne-Durán
University of Granada, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
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Ocón
CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
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Salamanca
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, E-18012, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; University of Granada, Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
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Fernández
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, E-18012, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; University of Granada, Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
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Olea
University of Granada, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
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Barranco
D001577:Benzophenones / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D052576:Menstrual Hygiene Products; D008598:Menstruation; D010226:Parabens / Q000032:analysis*
D001577:Benzophenones; D010226:Parabens
Benzophenones; DLLME; Human menstrual blood; Parabens; Personal care products; UHPLC–MS/MS