Effects of Wire EDM on the Microstructure of P/M Titanium Samples.
OBJECTIVE
Commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) has been recognized in dentistry for its biocompatibility, good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Conventional manufacturing processes can affect surface quality and result in poor bonding of dental ceramics to CP Ti. This is why powder metallurgy (P/M) and wire electro-discharge machining (WEDM) are being introduced in the manufacturing process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of WEDM on the surface composition and microstructure of P/M CP Ti samples produced for bond strength testing according to ISO 9693.


METHODS
Eight samples of P/M CP Ti, dimensions according to ISO 9693, were made using WEDM and divided in two groups (untreated and grinded). Microanalyses of chemical composition and microstructure of both groups were made using SEM, EDS and XDR.


RESULTS
SEM and EDS analysis of untreated samples showed a thin layer on surfaces with fractures in it. Grinded samples showed homogenous structure with no layer and no fractures. XDR analysis showed high level of oxides on the surface of untreated samples, while after grinding only pure α-phase was found.


CONCLUSIONS
WEDM is a suitable method of sample production for ISO 9693 if accompanied by grinding with silicon carbide papers P320-P4000.
School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb.
Joško
J
Viskić
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb.
Zdravko
Z
Schauperl
School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb.
Amir
A
Ćatić
Institute of materials and machine mechanics, Slovak academy of sciences.
Martin
M
Balog
Institute of materials and machine mechanics, Slovak academy of sciences.
Peter
P
Krizik
Institute "Ruđer Bošković", Zagreb.
Biserka
B
Gržeta
Institute "Ruđer Bošković", Zagreb.
Jasminka
J
Popović
School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb.
Slađana Milardović
SM
Ortolan
School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb.
Ketij
K
Mehulić
Surface Properties; Titanium; WEDM, bond strength, powder metallurgy
Int J Prosthodont. 1994 Nov-Dec;7(6):532-7
7748447
Acta Odontol Scand. 1996 Jun;54(3):160-5
8811137
J Prosthet Dent. 2001 Feb;85(2):195-202
11208211
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2006 Aug;78(2):393-400
16447164
Biomaterials. 2001 Jun;22(12):1675-81
11379602
J Dent. 1999 Mar;27(3):215-22
10079628
Dent Mater. 2009 Feb;25(2):247-53
18718653
J Prosthet Dent. 1990 Jun;63(6):627-9
2194022
Biomed Mater Eng. 2001;11(2):117-36
11352111
J Prosthet Dent. 1997 Apr;77(4):423-34
9104720
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2007 Jul;82(1):267-74
17183560
J Prosthet Dent. 2013 Mar;109(3):149-55
23522363
J Dent Res. 1990 Jun;69(6):1230-5
2191979
J Prosthet Dent. 2005 Oct;94(4):350-6
16198172
Dent Mater. 2003 Dec;19(8):790-6
14511738
Dent Mater J. 1985 Dec;4(2):191-5
3916818
Dent Mater. 1989 Jan;5(1):45-50
2691297
J Dent. 1998 Jan;26(1):69-73
9479928
J Prosthet Dent. 2004 Jun;91(6):541-7
15211296
Acta Odontol Scand. 2010 May;68(3):154-64
20095949
Dent Mater. 2005 Aug;21(8):773-9
15876452