Using Speed of Sound Imaging to Characterize Breast Density.
A population of 165 women with negative mammographic screens also received an ultrasound tomography (UST) examination at the Karmanos Cancer Institute in Detroit, MI. Standard statistical techniques were employed to measure the associations between the various mammographic- and UST-related density measures and various participant characteristics such as age, weight and height. The mammographic percent density (MPD) was found to have similar strength associations with UST mean sound speed (Spearman coefficient, rs= 0.722, p < 0.001) and UST median sound speed (rs= 0.737, p < 0.001). Both were stronger than the associations between MPD with two separate measures of UST percent density, a k-means (rs= 0.568, p < 0.001) or a threshold (rs= 0.715, p < 0.001) measure. Segmentation of the UST sound speed images into dense and non-dense volumes showed weak to moderate associations with the mammographically equivalent measures. Relationships were found to be inversely and weakly associated between age and the UST mean sound speed (rs= -0.239, p = 0.002), UST median sound speed (rs= -0.226, p = 0.004) and MPD (rs= -0.204, p = 0.008). Relationships were found to be inversely and moderately associated between body mass index (BMI) and the UST mean sound speed (rs= -0.429, p < 0.001), UST median sound speed (rs= -0.447, p < 0.001) and MPD (rs= -0.489, p < 0.001). The results confirm and strengthen findings presented in previous work indicating that UST sound speed imaging yields viable markers of breast density in a manner consistent with mammography, the current clinical standard. These results lay the groundwork for further studies to assess the role of sound speed imaging in risk prediction.
Delphinus Medical Technologies, Plymouth, MI, USA. Electronic address: msak@delphinusmt.com.
Mark
M
Sak
Delphinus Medical Technologies, Plymouth, MI, USA.
Neb
N
Duric
Delphinus Medical Technologies, Plymouth, MI, USA; Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
Peter
P
Littrup
Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Lisa
L
Bey-Knight
Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
Haythem
H
Ali
Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
Patricia
P
Vallieres
Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mark E
ME
Sherman
Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Gretchen L
GL
Gierach
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000071060:Breast Density; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary / Q000379:methods*
Breast Cancer; Breast density; Dense and non-dense breast volumes; Mammography; Risk assessment; Sound speed; Ultrasound tomography
Med Phys. 2007 Feb;34(2):773-85
17388195
Breast Cancer Res. 2011 Oct 21;13(5):R100
22017857
Breast Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 20;16(5):439
25239205
Radiology. 2008 Feb;246(2):348-53
18227535
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2013 Feb;8675:
37033290
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014 May 10;106(5):
24816206
Ultrasound Med Biol. 1999 Nov;25(9):1459-63
10626635
Med Phys. 2005 May;32(5):1375-86
15984689
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Jun;15(6):1159-69
16775176
Med Phys. 2013 Jan;40(1):013501
23298122
Breast Cancer Res. 2008;10(3):209
18598375
N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 12;372(7):593-5
25671249
Radiol Med. 2014 Oct;119(10):741-9
24610166
Breast. 2012 Aug;21(4):503-6
22285387
Cancer. 1991 Jun 1;67(11):2833-8
2025849
Breast Cancer Manag. 2015;4(4):209-221
28943893
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014 Jul;146(2):355-63
24951269
Breast Cancer Res. 2009;11(6):R80
19903338
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 May 3;87(9):670-5
7752271
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 Sep;17(9):2268-74
18768492
JAMA. 2012 Feb 1;307(5):491-7
22253363
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 Nov 1;87(21):1622-9
7563205
Invest Radiol. 2000 Dec;35(12):721-6
11204798
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2014 Mar 20;9040:90400S
25309102
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015 May;24(5):798-809
25716949
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014 Apr;144(3):479-502
24615497
Phys Med Biol. 1994 Oct;39(10):1629-38
15551535
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2013 Mar 29;8675:86751E
25426270
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014 Sep 12;106(10):
25217577
Med Phys. 2015 Oct;42(10):5671-8
26429241