Piperine and Its Role in Chronic Diseases.
Alkaloids include a family of naturally occurring chemical compounds containing mostly basic nitrogen atoms. Piperine is an alkaloid present in black pepper (Piper nigrum), one of the most widely used spices, in long pepper (Piper longum), and other Piper species fruits belonging to the family of Piperaceae. Piperine is responsible for the black pepper distinct biting quality. Piperine has many pharmacological effects and several health benefits, especially against chronic diseases, such as reduction of insulin-resistance, anti-inflammatory effects, and improvement of hepatic steatosis. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the effects of piperine, alone or in combination with other drugs and phytochemicals, in chronic diseases.
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, University of Pavia, P.le C. Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy. giuseppe.derosa@unipv.it.|Center for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. giuseppe.derosa@unipv.it.|Center for the Study of Endocrine-Metabolic Pathophysiology and Clinical Research, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. giuseppe.derosa@unipv.it.|Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. giuseppe.derosa@unipv.it.
Giuseppe
G
Derosa
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, University of Pavia, P.le C. Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy.|Center for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.|PhD School in Experimental Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Pamela
P
Maffioli
Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. sahebkara@mums.ac.ir.|Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran. sahebkara@mums.ac.ir.
Amirhossein
A
Sahebkar
D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D052117:Benzodioxoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000470:Alkaloids; D052117:Benzodioxoles; D010880:Piperidines; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; C008922:piperine
Anti-depressant effects; Bioavailability enhancer; Insulin-resistance; Piperine