Contraception for the perimenopausal woman.
Perimenopause, or the menopause transition, is a time in a woman's life that bridges her reproductive years through to the non-surgical cessation of ovulation, or menopause. For many women this time is one of changes: changes in gynecological issues, onset of symptoms not experienced in her youth and increasing risks for adverse medical conditions. Despite the clear changes that occur for many women during this time, one critical issue is frequently ignored, namely, that, until the onset of menopause, she is exposed to pregnancy if sexually active, and pregnancy for older reproductive women is fraught with considerable increases in morbidity and mortality compared to younger women. This paper will present a review of the reproductive issues of the perimenopause and interventions geared to preventing pregnancy and relieving menopause-related symptoms. As counseling remains a critical aspect in empowering women to make informed choices about their health care, this paper will present current evidence that will help clinicians provide accurate reproductive counseling to women in the menopause transition.
a Section of Family Planning, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA.
A
A
Linton
a Section of Family Planning, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA.
A
A
Golobof
a Section of Family Planning, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA.|b Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA.
L P
LP
Shulman
D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000009:adverse effects; D003376:Counseling; D004967:Estrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D047648:Perimenopause; D011247:Pregnancy; D011372:Progestins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012307:Risk Factors
D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D004967:Estrogens; D011372:Progestins
Perimenopause; contraception; menopause transition; symptom relief