title: Meta-analysis of therapeutic effects and the risks of hypertension and hyperglycemia in patients with renal cell carcinoma who were receiving antiangiogenic drugs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A meta-analysis of published data was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effects in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who were receiving antiangiogenic drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A computerized search through electronic databases, including PubMed (until February 2016), was performed to obtain eligible randomized controlled trials that compared the effectiveness of antiangiogenic with control groups (everolimus, placebo, and interferon [IFN] alfa) in patients with RCC. The data of progressive disease, objective response rate (ORR), stable disease rate (SDR), progressive disease rate (PDR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were extracted to assess therapeutic effects, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Relative risk and 95% confidence interval were calculated and pooled using a fixed effects model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the meta-analysis, antiangiogenic agents have advantages in ORR (odds ratio [OR] =2.93, P < 0.00001), SDR (OR = 1.45, P < 0.00001), PDR (OR = 0.25, P < 0.00001, PFS (OR = 0.65, P < 0.00001), and median OS (OR = 0.88, P < 0.00001) compared with control group; in the subway group, sorafenib and pazopanib have advantages in median PFS compared with placebo (OR = 0.52, P < 0.00001); sunitinib and pazopanib have advantages in median OS compared with IFN (OR = 0.87, P = 0.03). Sunitinib, sorafenib, and pazopanib have greater risk of hypertension compared with control group (OR = 8.40, P < 0.00001); sunitinib and pazopanib did not have greater risk of hypertension compared with control group (OR = 1.26, P = 0.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sorafenib, sunitinib, and the combination of bevacizumab and IFN are more effective in stabilizing disease, but they have higher risk of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kidney Internal Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang 262500, China.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang 262500, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Kidney Internal Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang 262500, China.
authors.forename: Shuling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Kidney Internal Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang 262500, China.
authors.forename: Xiaosu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents