title: [Anatomy and biomechanics of the scaphoid].
abstract: The scaphoid is biomechanically and clinically of great importance for function of the wrist. In the literature, its anatomy and biomechanics are clearly underrepresented as well as underestimated. In the following review the scaphoid will be presented in more detail, according to recent information and findings. Not only will the origin of the name and the history of previous names, such as cotyloid or navicular, be introduced, but also for the first time in medical literature the significant phylogeny and ontogeny of the scaphoid will be shown. Moreover, the clinically very important blood supply, the ligaments of the scaphoid and relevant biomechanical details will be described.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Waldeyerstr. 1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland. langer.martin@ukmuenster.de.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Waldeyerstr. 1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oeckenpöhler
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Waldeyerstr. 1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Breiter
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Waldeyerstr. 1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wähnert
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Waldeyerstr. 1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wieskötter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D008954:Models, Biological; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D021361:Scaphoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
keywords: Historical aspects; Ligaments; Os scaphoideum; Phylogeny; Vasculature