title: Physical Activity and Its Correlates in Youth with Multiple Sclerosis.
abstract: To investigate physical activity levels in youth with multiple sclerosis and monophasic acquired demyelinating syndromes ([mono-ADS], ie, children without relapsing disease) compared with healthy controls and to determine factors that contribute to engagement in physical activity. We hypothesized that greater physical activity goal setting and physical activity self-efficacy would be associated with greater levels of vigorous physical activity in youth with multiple sclerosis.
  
  
  
  A total of 68 consecutive patients (27 multiple sclerosis, 41 mono-ADS) and 37 healthy controls completed fatigue, depression, Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Scale, perceived disability, Exercise Goal-Setting scale, and physical activity questionnaires, and wore an accelerometer for 7 days. All patients had no ambulatory limitations (Expanded Disability Status Scale, scores all <4).
  
  
  
  Youth with multiple sclerosis engaged in fewer minutes per day of vigorous (P = .009) and moderate and vigorous physical activity (P = .048) than did patients with mono-ADS and healthy controls. A lower proportion of the group with multiple sclerosis (63%) reported participating in any strenuous physical activity than the mono-ADS (85%) and healthy control (89%) groups (P = .020). When we adjusted for age and sex, the Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Scale and Exercise Goal-Setting scale were associated positively with vigorous physical activity in the group with multiple sclerosis. Fatigue and depression did not predict physical activity or accelerometry metrics.
  
  
  
  Youth with multiple sclerosis participate in less physical activity than their counterparts with mono-ADS and healthy controls. Physical activity self-efficacy and exercise goal setting serve as potentially modifiable correlates of physical activity, and are measures suited to future interventions aimed to increase physical activity in youth with multiple sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Neurosciences and Mental Health (RI), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Neurosciences and Mental Health (RI), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Carolyn P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Sawicki
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kinnett-Hopkins
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Finlayson
authors.affiliation: Physiology and Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Schneiderman
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Neurosciences and Mental Health (RI), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Banwell
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Neurosciences and Mental Health (RI), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Till
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Motl
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Neurosciences and Mental Health (RI), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: ann.yeh@sickkids.ca.
authors.forename: E Ann
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Yeh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D015444:Exercise; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D020377:Self Efficacy
keywords: depression; fatigue; goal setting; perceived disability; self-efficacy