title: [Extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection].
abstract: Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) are very common. The most common of these is mixed cryoglobulinaemia. Anti-HCV antibodies and viral ribonucleic acid, HCV RNA, can be found in the cryoprecipitates, together with the rheumatoid factor. Cryoglobulins consist of a complex of immunoglobulins that in vitro precipitate upon the cooling bellow the human body temperature. Vasculitis is caused by the deposition of such immune complexes in the small blood vessels. A link with the HCV infection is considered to be established with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, lymphoproliferative disorders (in particular B cell lymphoma), Sjögren and sicca syndrome, lichen planus, porfyria cutanea tarda and diabetes mellitus. Very probable is the relationship of chronic HCV infection and thyroid disease, arthralgias, otherwise unexplained fatigue and autoimmune hepatitis.Key words: direct acting antivirals - extrahepatic manifestations - chronic hepatitis C - mixed cryoglobulinaemia.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Husa
mesh_terms: D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000276:immunology; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000209:etiology; D003449:Cryoglobulinemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D015432:Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative / Q000209:etiology*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008010:Lichen Planus / Q000209:etiology; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000209:etiology; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D017119:Porphyria Cutanea Tarda / Q000209:etiology; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000276:immunology; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D018366:Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor