title: Serum Interleukin-18 and Its Gene Haplotypes Profile as Predictors in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is known as an acute microvascular complexity as a subsequence progression in diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. Many evidence pointed that the proinflammatory cytokine Interleukin (IL)-18 might be involved in the pathogenesis of DN.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study aimed to evaluate the association of serum IL-18 and its promoter gene polymorphisms with diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 62 diabetic nephropathy patients (DN group) compared to 52 diabetes mellitus patients (DM group). The two groups were subjected to anthropometry assessment, molecular studies including SNP genotyping by RFLP and finally statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The assessment of the serum IL-18 level and the frequencies of its allele and haplotype:-137G/C,-607C/Aand-656G/Tamong the DN and DM subjects revealed that -137G allele has significant variation between DN and DM subjects (about 80.8%, P = 0.05) but, no significant variation in-607or-656allelesIL-18 genepromoter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data confirm the impact of high serum IL-18 and the haplotype of the polymorphism located in the promoter region of theIL-18 genewith the DN.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics and Enzymology Dept., Human Genetics Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt (Affiliation ID 60014618).
authors.forename: Ahmed I Abd
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Elneam
authors.affiliation: Gut Microbiology and Immunology Group, Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nahla M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nayel A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Zaki
authors.affiliation: Medical Biochemistry Department, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Taher
keywords: Diabetic Nephropathy; IL-18- polymorphisms; PCR; RFLP; haplotype