title: Genomic Dissection and Expression Profiling Revealed Functional Divergence inTriticum aestivumLeucine Rich Repeat Receptor Like Kinases (TaLRRKs).
abstract: The leucine rich repeat receptor like kinases (LRRK) constitute the largest subfamily of receptor like kinases (RLK), which play critical roles in plant development and stress responses. Herein, we identified 531TaLRRKgenes inTriticum aestivum(bread wheat), which were distributed throughout the A, B, and D sub-genomes and chromosomes. These were clustered into 233 homologous groups, which were mostly located on either homeologous chromosomes from various sub-genomes or in proximity on the same chromosome. A total of 255 paralogous genes were predicted which depicted the role of duplication events in expansion of this gene family. Majority of TaLRRKs consisted of trans-membrane region and localized on plasma-membrane. The TaLRRKs were further categorized into eight phylogenetic groups with numerous subgroups on the basis of sequence homology. The gene and protein structure in terms of exon/intron ratio, domains, and motifs organization were found to be variably conserved across the different phylogenetic groups/subgroups, which indicated a potential divergence and neofunctionalization during evolution. High-throughput transcriptome data and quantitative real time PCR analyses in various developmental stages, and biotic and abiotic (heat, drought, and salt) stresses provided insight into modus operandi of TaLRRKs during these conditions. Distinct expression of majority of stress responsiveTaLRRKshomologous genes suggested their specified role in a particular condition. These results provided a comprehensive analysis of various characteristic features including functional divergence, which may provide the way for future functional characterization of this important gene family in bread wheat.
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Botany, Panjab UniversityChandigarh, India; Deparment of Biotechnology, Panjab UniversityChandigarh, India.
authors.lastname: Shumayla
authors.affiliation: National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute Mohali, India.
authors.forename: Shailesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Biotechnology, Panjab University Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Soil Science, Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Venugopal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mendu
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Biotechnology, Panjab University Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Kashmir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Botany, Panjab University Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Santosh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
keywords: TaLRRKs; Triticum aestivum; duplication events; expression; neofunctionalization; phylogenetic groups; stress