title: Borrelia burgdorferi DNA absent, multiple Rickettsia spp. DNA present in ticks collected from a teaching forest in North Central Florida.
abstract: Tick-borne diseases are an emerging public health threat in the United States. In Florida, there has been public attention directed towards the possibility of locally acquired Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative agent of Lyme disease, in association with the lone star tick. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ticks and the pathogens they carry and potentially transmit, such as B. burgdorferi, in a highly utilized teaching and research forest in North Central Florida. Ticks were collected by dragging and flagging methods over a four month period in early 2014, identified, and tested by PCR for multiple pathogens including Anaplasma, Borrelia, Rickettsia, and Ehrlichia species. During the study period the following ticks were collected: 2506 (96.5%) Amblyomma americanum L., 64 (2.5%) Ixodes scapularis Say, 19 (0.7%) Dermacentor variabilis Say, and 5 (0.2%) Ixodes affinis Neuman. Neither Borrelia spp. (0/846) nor Anaplasma spp. (0/69; Ixodes spp. only) were detected by PCR in any of the ticks tested. However, Rickettsia DNA was present in 53.7% (86/160), 62.5% (40/64), 60.0% (3/5) and 31.6% (6/19) of A. americanum, I. scapularis, I. affinis and D. variabilis, respectively. Furthermore, E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii DNA were detected in 1.3% and 4.4% of adult A. americanum specimens tested, respectively. Although receiving an A. americanum bite is likely in wooded areas in North Central Florida due to the abundance of this tick, the risk of contracting a tick-borne pathogen in this specific area during the spring season appears to be low. The potential for pathogen prevalence to be highly variable exists, even within a single geographical site and longitudinal studies are needed to assess how tick-borne pathogen prevalence is changing over time in North Central Florida.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Veterinary Academic Building, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sayler
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Nematology, PO Box 110620, 1881 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Emerging Pathogens Institute, 2055 Mowry Rd, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Veterinary Academic Building, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Department of Entomology and Nematology, PO Box 110620, 1881 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Carisa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boyce
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Nematology, PO Box 110620, 1881 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA. Electronic address: eniweeks@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weeks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D025065:Borrelia burgdorferi / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D065928:Forests; D026863:Ixodidae / Q000145:classification / Q000382:microbiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000145:classification / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D009758:Nymph / Q000145:classification / Q000382:microbiology; D012281:Rickettsia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: Amblyomma americanum; Borrelia lonestari; Ixodes scapularis; Lone star tick; Lyme disease; Tick-borne disease