title: The relationship between chronotype and personality among patients with alcohol dependence syndrome: Pilot study.
abstract: The study investigates the distribution of chronotypes among alcohol-dependent subjects and the relationship between personality and chronotype. Fifty-eight alcohol-dependent patients and 29 age-matched healthy controls were studied using Ogińska's Chronotype Questionnaire (ChQ), Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire - Revised (EPQ-R), Selzer's Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) and a sociodemographic status questionnaire designed by the authors. The alcohol-dependent patients tended to be morning type, based on the morningness-eveningness ChQ scale, with a weakly marked rhythm, based on the distinctness ChQ scale. Preference towards morningness was associated with older age, but no relation between chronotype and severity of alcohol dependence was found. A high amplitude of the rhythm was associated with higher neuroticism. Therefore, despite being in the minority, patients with a distinct circadian rhythm (i.e. with a high amplitude) are at greater risk of mood and anxiety disorders and hence should be given special consideration.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cognitive Science , Faculty of Educational Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nowakowska-Domagała
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Mokros
authors.affiliation: c Public Health Division, Faculty of Health Sciences , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jabłkowska-Górecka
authors.affiliation: d Institute of Psychology , Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grzelińska
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pietras
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Morning and evening chronotypes; alcohol dependence; personality