title: p21Cip1plays a critical role in the physiological adaptation to fasting through activation of PPARα.
abstract: Fasting is a physiological stress that elicits well-known metabolic adaptations, however, little is known about the role of stress-responsive tumor suppressors in fasting. Here, we have examined the expression of several tumor suppressors upon fasting in mice. Interestingly, p21 mRNA is uniquely induced in all the tissues tested, particularly in liver and muscle (>10 fold), and this upregulation is independent of p53. Remarkably, in contrast to wild-type mice, p21-null mice become severely morbid after prolonged fasting. The defective adaptation to fasting of p21-null mice is associated to elevated energy expenditure, accelerated depletion of fat stores, and premature activation of protein catabolism in the muscle. Analysis of the liver transcriptome and cell-based assays revealed that the absence of p21 partially impairs the transcriptional program of PPARα, a key regulator of fasting metabolism. Finally, treatment of p21-null mice with a PPARα agonist substantially protects them from their accelerated loss of fat upon fasting. We conclude that p21 plays a relevant role in fasting adaptation through the positive regulation of PPARα.
authors.affiliation: Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lopez-Guadamillas
authors.affiliation: Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain.|Bioactive Products and Metabolic Syndrome Group, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies (IMDEA) in Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid E28049, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Marcos
authors.affiliation: Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pantoja
authors.affiliation: Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Martin
authors.affiliation: Flow Cytometry Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gómez-López
authors.affiliation: Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campos-Olivas
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC/UAM), Madrid E28029, Spain.|Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, ISCIII, Spain.
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Valverde
authors.affiliation: Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serrano
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C493957:Cdkn1a protein, mouse; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D047493:PPAR alpha; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53