title: Biofouling and control approaches in membrane bioreactors.
abstract: Membrane fouling (especially biofouling) as a critical issue during membrane reactor (MBR) operation has attracted much attention in recent years. Although previous review papers have presented different aspects of MBR's fouling when treating various wastewaters, the information related to biofouling in MBRs has only simply or partially reviewed. This work attempts to give a more comprehensive and elaborate explanation of biofilm formation, biofouling factors and control approaches by addressing current achievements. This also suggests to a better way in controlling biofouling by developing new integrated MBR systems, novel flocculants and biomass carriers.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Membrane Bioreactor Centre, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, State Key Lab. of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Wenshan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Membrane Bioreactor Centre, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, State Key Lab. of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address: h.ngo@uts.edu.au.
authors.forename: Huu Hao
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
authors.forename: Hongwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; Membrane Bioreactor Centre, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, State Key Lab. of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Membrane Bioreactor Centre, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, State Key Lab. of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Siqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms; D057219:Biofouling / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D005427:Flocculation; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D062065:Wastewater
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Biofouling; Biofouling control strategies; Membrane bioreactor; Operating conditions; Sludge properties