title: Reliability of Breast Ultrasound BI-RADS Final Assessment in Mammographically Negative Patients with Nipple Discharge and Radiologic Predictors of Malignancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to retrospectively investigate the reliability of breast ultrasound (US) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) final assessment in mammographically negative patients with pathologic nipple discharge, and to determine the clinical and ultrasonographic variables associated with malignancy in this group of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 65 patients with 67 mammographically negative breast lesions that were pathologically confirmed through US-guided biopsy were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 53 BI-RADS category 4 and 5 lesions, eight (15.1%) were malignant (six ductal carcinomasin situ, one invasive ductal carcinoma, and one solid papillary carcinoma). There was no malignancy among the remaining 14 category 3 lesions. Malignant lesions more frequently displayed a round or irregular shape (75.0%, 6/8;p=0.030) and nonparallel orientation (33.3%, 4/12;p=0.029) compared to the benign lesions. The increase in the BI-RADS category corresponded with a rise in the malignancy rate (p=0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BI-RADS lexicon and final assessment of breast US reliably detect and characterize malignancy in mammographically negative patients with pathologic nipple discharge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Breast Cancer Clinic, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chae Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Breast Cancer Clinic, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Breast Cancer Clinic, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Breast Cancer Clinic, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Breast Cancer Clinic, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Breast neoplasms; Galactorrhea; Mammography; Ultrasonography