title: Results of application of the ISPD guidelines to the management of peritoneal dialysis in a single center in Sudan.
abstract: The culture negative peritonitis in Sudan 2010 was 46% exceeding 20% of the recommended ISPD (International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis) guidelines. This study reports an update after applying the standard ISPD protocol. The routine method was replaced by ISPD protocol. The culture negative rate using the ISPD guidelines dropped from 46% in the year 2010, to 39% in the year 2011, to 5% in the 2012 and to zero percent in the year 2013. Bacterial and fungal species represent (86.76%) and (13.23%) of infection and most isolates showed low resistance rate to antibiotics. Touch contamination added significantly (p=0.0006) to the risk of contracting Peritonitis. The risk of contracting Peritonitis was 1.53 times higher in the group exposed by touch contamination. None of the other risk factors contributed significantly to Peritonitis. The study highlights the importance of implementing high hygiene practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, National Ribat University Hospital, Sudan; Peritoneal Dialysis Program, National Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. Electronic address: ssaharahd@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Sahar M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kheir
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, National Ribat University Hospital, Sudan.
authors.forename: Shamsoun K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kafi
authors.affiliation: Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, Sweden.
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ryden
authors.affiliation: Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Department of Microbiology, Sudan.
authors.forename: Haitham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elbir
authors.affiliation: Peritoneal Dialysis Program, National Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.affiliation: Peritoneal Dialysis Program, National Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Peritoneal Dialysis Program, National Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Ramy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abulikailik
authors.affiliation: Peritoneal Dialysis Program, National Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Khadega
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ahamed
authors.affiliation: Peritoneal Dialysis Program, National Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abu-Aisha
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D013397:Sudan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents
keywords: CAPD; Culture negative; Peritonitis; Sudan