title: Eosinophils and Mast Cells in Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.
abstract: Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) involves overexpression of proinflammatory mediators, including 5-lipoxygenase and leukotriene C4synthase (LTC4S), resulting in constitutive overproduction of cysteinyl leukotrienes. Mast cells and eosinophils have roles in mediating many of the observed effects. Increased levels of both interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon (IFN)-γ are present in the tissue of patients with AERD. Previous studies showed that IL-4 is primarily responsible for the upregulation of LTC4S by mast cells. Our studies show that IFN-γ, but not IL-4, drives this process in eosinophils. This article examines the overall role that eosinophils and mast cells contribute to the pathophysiology of AERD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Asthma and Allergic Disease Center, Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia Health System, 409 Lane Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Steinke
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, 409 Lane Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, 409 Lane Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Spencer C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Asthma and Allergic Disease Center, Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia Health System, 409 Lane Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Microbiology, Asthma and Allergic Disease Center, Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia Health System, 409 Lane Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: lb4m@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Borish
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: Arachidonic acid; Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease; Cyclooxygenase; Eosinophil; Leukotriene; Mast cell; Prostaglandin