title: Bisphenol A Release: Survey of the Composition of Dental Composite Resins.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor with potential toxicity. Composite resins may not contain pure BPA, but its derivatives are widely used. Several studies found doses of BPA or its derivatives in saliva or urine of patients after composite resin placement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to establish an exhaustive list of composite resins marketed in Europe and their composition, and to assess the extent of BPA derivatives used.
  
  
  METHODS
  A research on manufacturers' websites was performed to reference all composite resins marketed in Europe, then their composition was determined from both material safety data sheets and a standardized questionnaire sent to manufacturers. Manufacturers had to indicate whether their product contained the monomers listed, add other monomers if necessary, or indicate "not disclosed".
  
  
  RESULTS
  160 composite resins were identified from 31 manufacturers and 23 manufacturers (74.2%) responded to the survey. From the survey and websites, the composition of 130 composite resins (81.2%) was: 112 (86.2%) based on BPA derivatives, 97 (74.7%) on bis-GMA, 17 (13.1%) without monomer derived from BPA (UDMA, sometimes with TEGDMA) and 6 (4.6%) with UDMA (only); 1 (0.8%) did not contain a BPA derivative or UDMA or TEGDMA. Pure BPA was never reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work has established a list of 18 composite resins that contain no BPA derivative. Manufacturers should be required to report the exact composition of their products as it often remains unclear or incomplete.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche en Biomatériaux, Innovations et Interfaces - EA 4462, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Mondor-Chenevier, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dursun
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche en Biomatériaux, Innovations et Interfaces - EA 4462, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, Hôpital Charles Foix, Ivry-sur-Seine, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fron-Chabouis
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche en Biomatériaux, Innovations et Interfaces - EA 4462, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, Hôpital Charles Foix, Ivry-sur-Seine, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Attal
authors.affiliation: UMR 7268 ADES, EFS, CNRS Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Marseille, Pôle d'Odontologie, UF des soins spécifiques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raskin
keywords: Biocompatibility; Bisphenol A; Composite resin; Monomer