title: Novel silk protein barrier membranes for guided bone regeneration.
abstract: This study assesses the biocompatibility of novel silk protein membranes with and without modification, and evaluates their effect on facilitating bone formation and defect repair in guided bone regeneration. Two calvarian bone defects 12 mm in diameter were created in each of a total of 38 rabbits. Four different types of membranes, (silk-, hydroxyapatite-modified silk-, β-TCP-modified silk- and commonly clinically used collagen-membranes) were implanted to cover one of the two defects in each animal. Histologic analysis did not show any adverse tissue reactions in any of the defect sites indicating good biocompatibility of all silk protein membranes. Histomorphometric and histologic evaluation revealed that collagen and β-TCP modified silk membranes supported bone formation (collagen: bone area fraction p = 0.025; significant; β-TCP modified silk membranes bone area fraction: p = 0.24, not significant), guided bone regeneration and defect bridging. The bone, which had formed in defects covered by β-TCP modified silk membranes, displayed a more advanced stage of bone tissue maturation with restoration of the original calvarial bone microarchitecture when compared to the bone which had formed in defects, for which any of the other test membranes were used. Micro-CT analysis did not reveal any differences in the amount of bone formation between defects with and without membranes. In contrast to the collagen membranes, β-TCP modified silk membranes were visible in all cases and may therefore be advantageous for further supporting bone formation beyond 10 weeks and preventing soft tissue ingrowth from the periphery. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2603-2611, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smeets
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Knabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral- and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kolk
authors.affiliation: Spintec Engineering GmbH, Kurbrunnenstraße 22, 52066, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rheinnecker
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gröbe
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heiland
authors.affiliation: BLS Laboratories GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zehbe
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sachse
authors.affiliation: Spintec Engineering GmbH, Kurbrunnenstraße 22, 52066, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Große-Siestrup
authors.affiliation: Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wöltje
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Henning
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7600-9181
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hanken
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D047011:Silk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D047011:Silk; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate
keywords: alveolar ridge augmentation; bone defect; guided bone regeneration; membrane; silk