title: Fully Automated Portable Comprehensive 2-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Device.
abstract: We developed a fully automated portable 2-dimensional (2-D) gas chromatography (GC x GC) device, which had a dimension of 60 cm × 50 cm × 10 cm and weight less than 5 kg. The device incorporated a micropreconcentrator/injector, commercial columns, micro-Deans switches, microthermal injectors, microphotoionization detectors, data acquisition cards, and power supplies, as well as computer control and user interface. It employed multiple channels (4 channels) in the second dimension (2D) to increase the2D separation time (up to 32 s) and hence2D peak capacity. In addition, a nondestructive flow-through vapor detector was installed at the end of the1D column to monitor the eluent from1D and assist in reconstructing1D elution peaks. With the information obtained jointly from the1D and2D detectors,1D elution peaks could be reconstructed with significantly improved1D resolution. In this Article, we first discuss the details of the system operating principle and the algorithm to reconstruct1D elution peaks, followed by the description and characterization of each component. Finally, 2-D separation of 50 analytes, including alkane (C6-C12), alkene, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, cycloalkane, and aromatic hydrocarbon, in 14 min is demonstrated, showing the peak capacity of 430-530 and the peak capacity production of 40-80/min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.|Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Jiwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.|Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Menglian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.|Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.|Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , 2350 Hayward, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nidetz
authors.affiliation: Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.|Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , 2350 Hayward, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Katsuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurabayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.|Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan