title: Development of two novel specific SCAR markers by cloning improved RAPD fragments from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidium (Leysser: Fr) Karst.
abstract: Development of sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers from random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragments is a valuable molecular approach for the genetic identification of different species. By using SCAR markers, molecular analysis is reduced to a simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis using primers designed from the amplicon sequence of RAPD. In this study, the DNA fragments from an improved RAPD amplification of Ganoderma species were cloned into a pGM-T vector; positive clones were identified by PCR amplification and enzymatic digestion, and finally, DNA fragments were sequenced using the Sanger sequencing method for developing the SCAR markers. Two SCAR markers, named LZ4-1 with 534 nucleotides, and LZ5-2 with 337 nucleotides were identified, which are specific to Ganoderma lucidium (Leysser: Fr) Karst species. BLAST of these two nucleotide sequences in the GenBank database showed no identity to other species. We deposited these sequences into the GenBank database (LZ4-1 accession No. KM391933, LZ5-2 accession No. KM391934). PCR assays confirmed them as novel molecular markers for G. lucidium (Leysser: Fr) Karst, which might be used for genetic authentication of adulterant samples. Thus, our study developed two specific SCAR markers for identifying and distinguishing the medicinal mushroom G. lucidium (Leysser: Fr) Karst from other Ganoderma species.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Z Q
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.|State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China fujunjiang@swmu.edu.cn.|State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China fujunjiang@swmu.edu.cn.|Judicial Authentication Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China fujunjiang@swmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D005819:Genetic Markers; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D020940:Reishi / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005819:Genetic Markers