title: Effect of Nitrogen Management on the Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Rice Starch.
abstract: Nitrogen management (nitrogen application ratio at transplanting, tillering, and panicle initiation growth stages) is an important parameter in crop cultivation and is closely associated with rice yield and grain quality. The physicochemical and structural properties of starches separated from two rice varieties grown under three different nitrogen management ratios (9:1; 7:3; 6:4) were investigated. As the percentage of nitrogen used in the panicle initiation stage increased, the content of small starch granules improved, whereas the content of large granules decreased. Amylose content decreased with increasing nitrogen ratio at the panicle initiation stage, thereby resulting in high swelling power, water solubility, gelatinization enthalpy, and low retrogradation. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the starches were found to be A type. The present study indicated that the best nitrogen management ratio for the cultivation of rice with the highest yield, desirable starch physicochemical properties for high quality cooked rice, and a moderate protein level is 7:3.
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Hongcheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Baowei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Qigen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Cunxu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Yajie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Peiyuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhongyang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huo
keywords: pasting properties; rice starch; structural properties; thermal properties