title: Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients with Drug-Induced Parkinsonism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent studies have shown that several nonmotor symptoms differ between Parkinson's disease (PD) and drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP). However, there have been no reports on cardiovascular autonomic function in DIP, and so this study investigated whether cardiovascular autonomic function differs between PD and DIP patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study consecutively enrolled 20 DIP patients, 99 drug-naïve PD patients, and 25 age-matched healthy controls who underwent head-up tilt-table testing and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Orthostatic hypotension was more frequent in patients with PD or DIP than in healthy controls. In DIP, orthostatic hypotension was associated with the underlying psychiatric diseases and neuroleptics use, whereas prokinetics were not related to orthostatic hypotension. The supine blood pressure, nighttime blood pressure, and nocturnal blood pressure dipping did not differ significantly between the DIP and control groups. Supine hypertension and nocturnal hypertension were more frequent in PD patients than in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The included DIP patients frequently exhibited orthostatic hypotension that was associated with the underlying diseases as well as the nature of and exposure time to the offending drugs. Clinicians should individualize the manifestations of DIP according to underlying diseases as well as the action mechanism of and exposure time to each offending drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. neuronet@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Joong Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Woo
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yang Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kipyung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jungmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: So
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Parkinson's disease; cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction; drug-induced parkinsonism