title: Effect of the plant-based hemostatic agent Ankaferd Blood Stopper® on the biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Due to the detrimental effect of blood contamination on the physico-chemical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), obtaining an effective hemostasis in the surgical crypt during apical surgery is of paramount importance. The purpose of this in vivo study was to analyze the effect of Ankaferd Blood Stopper® (ABS) contamination on the biocompatibility of MTA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty of 56 Wistar-Albino rats were divided randomly and equally into two groups (MTA and MTA-ABS) according to whether or not a hemostatic agent was used. The remaining 16 rats were designated as the control group. Rats in the experimental groups received freshly mixed MTA-Angelus in polyethylene tubes, which were inserted into monocortical bore holes created in their tibias. In the MTA-ABS group only, 0.5 mL of ABS solution was administered topically on the defect sites followed by implantation of MTA tubes. Inflammation, foreign-body reaction (FBR), necrosis, fibrosis, and new bone formation (NBF) were studied 7, 30, 60, and 90 days after implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On day7, statistically significant differences were found in tissue reactions with regard to NBF and necrosis (p = 0.044 and p = 0.024, respectively), the latter being observed in 40 % of the samples only in the MTA-ABS group. Slight inflammation in all groups was confined to day-7 only. Mild necrosis was present in the MTA-ABS group only on day-7. Severity of the foreign body reaction and fibrosis was limited. New bone formation increased gradually over time in all groups, reaching a maximum on day-90.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTA and ABS-contaminated MTA are equally biocompatible. ABS does not impair the properties of MTA.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul University, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. muzafferemir@yandex.com.
authors.forename: Muzaffer Emir
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dinçol
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul University, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozbas
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul University, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul University, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Handan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ersev
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul University, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selcuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gokyay
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Department of Tumor Pathology and Cytology, Istanbul University, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Vakur
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Olgac
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D001729:Bismuth; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006490:Hemostatics; D010087:Oxides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017640:Silicates
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006490:Hemostatics; C475480:MTA-Angelus; D010087:Oxides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017640:Silicates; C539751:ankaferd blood stopper; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D001729:Bismuth
keywords: Ankaferd blood stopper; Biocompatibility; Mineral trioxide aggregate