title: Recent Increases in Hippocampal Tau Pathology in the Aging Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study.
abstract: The Hisayama study is a prospective cohort study of lifestyle-related diseases that commenced in 1961. Through it, a significant increasing trend in the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease has been observed over the past 18 years.
  
  
  
  We sought to investigate the increases in brain pathology related to Alzheimer's disease using automated MATLAB morphometric analyses for quantifying tau pathology.
  
  
  
  We examined a series of autopsied cases from Hisayama residents obtained between 1998 and 2003 (group A: 203 cases), and between 2009 and 2014 (group B: 232 cases). We developed custom software in MATLAB to analyze abnormal tau deposits quantitatively. Specimens were immunostained with both anti-amyloid-β-protein and anti-phosphorylated tau antibodies.
  
  
  
  Both the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) criteria for senile plaques and Braak stage for NFT were higher in group B. Morphometric analyses of the hippocampi also revealed a trend toward increased tau pathology in both men and women over 80 years of age in group B. The increases were also significant when the subjects were examined independently according to high or low CERAD scores and in all levels of AD neuropathologic change according to the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association guidelines (2012).
  
  
  
  We revealed a recent trend of increased tauopathy in the older people, which is partly independent of amyloid-β pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.|Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.|Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.|Department of Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.affiliation: Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D001344:Autopsy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016874:Neurofibrillary Tangles / Q000473:pathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016875:tau Proteins
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; image analysis; neurofibrillary tangles; tauopathy