title: TLR4 and TLR21 expression, MIF, IFN-β, MD-2, CD14 activation, and sIgA production in chickens administered with EFAL41 strain challenged with Campylobacter jejuni.
abstract: The protective effect of Enterococcus faecium EFAL41 on chicken's caecum in relation to the TLR (TLR4 and TLR21) activation and production of luminal IgA challenged with Campylobacter jejuni CCM6191 was assessed. The activation of MIF, IFN-β, MD-2 and CD14 was followed-up after bacterial infection. Day-old chicks (40) were divided into four groups (n = 10): control (C), E. faecium AL41 (EFAL41), C. jejuni (CJ) and combined E. faecium AL41+C. jejuni (EFAL41+CJ). Relative mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR21 and CD14 was upregulated in the probiotic strain and infected (combined) group on day 4 and 7 post infection (p.i.). The caecal relative MD-2 mRNA expression was upregulated on day 4 p.i. in the EFAL41+CJ and CJ groups. MIF and IFN-β reached the highest levels in the combined groups on day 7 p.i. The concentration of the sIgA in intestinal flush was upregulated in EFAL41+CJ group on day 4 p.i. The results demonstrated that E. faecium EFAL41 probiotic strain can modulate the TLRs expression and modify the activation of MIF, IFN-β, MD-2 and CD14 molecules in the chickens caecum challenged with C. jejuni CCM 6191. The counts of EFAL41 were sufficient and high, similarly the counts of enterococci in both, caecum and faeces but without reduction of Campylobacter counts.
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic. Viera.Karaffova@uvlf.sk.
authors.forename: Karaffová
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: V
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Marcinková
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: E
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Bobíková
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: K
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Herich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: R
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Revajová
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: V
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Stašová
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: D
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Kavuľová
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: A
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Levkutová
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: M
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Levkut
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: M
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Soltésovej 4-6, 04001, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Lauková
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: A
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Ševčíková
authors.initials: Š
authors.lastname: Z
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic.|Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Levkut
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: M
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000254:growth & development*; D002432:Cecum / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002645:Chickens; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000235:genetics; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051218:Lymphocyte Antigen 96 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D051218:Lymphocyte Antigen 96; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; C033184:macrophage migration inhibitory factor receptor; D016899:Interferon-beta