title: Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL.
abstract: Concentrated insulin analogs have recently been approved and are available for clinical use in the management of diabetes mellitus. One new product is insulin glargine U-300 (Sanofi), a basal concentrated insulin of 300 U/mL. Several studies have been conducted and completed evaluating blood samples for the pharmacokinetics of insulin glargine U-300 and euglycemic clamp procedures for the pharmacodynamics. This concentrated insulin has a low within-day variability and high day-to-day reproducibility, allowing for a more constant and prolonged duration of action, compared with insulin glargine U-100 (100 U/mL). Insulin glargine U-300 is equally effective, when compared with insulin glargine U-100 for glycemic control in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin glargine U-300 has a similar efficacy profile to insulin glargine U-100 for glycemic control, yet with lower rates of nocturnal and severe hypoglycemia. Insulin glargine U-300 can be considered an acceptable basal insulin for patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, and it has a potential role among patients who are naïve to insulin therapy or require titration of basal insulin. Titration of insulin glargine U-300 would result in less volume and a lower risk of hypoglycemia, compared with insulin glargine U-100. This article evaluates and summarizes the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin glargine U-300, for patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus, and summarizes its application to clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Presbyterian College School of Pharmacy, 307 North Broad Street, Clinton, SC, 29325, USA. jclements@presby.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Clements
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Presbyterian College School of Pharmacy, 307 North Broad Street, Clinton, SC, 29325, USA.
authors.forename: Tiffaney
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Threatt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Presbyterian College School of Pharmacy, 307 North Broad Street, Clinton, SC, 29325, USA.
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Presbyterian College School of Pharmacy, 307 North Broad Street, Clinton, SC, 29325, USA.
authors.forename: Kayce M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shealy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069036:Insulin Glargine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069036:Insulin Glargine