title: Temporal and spatial expression of Smads and their correlation with YAP1 expression in sheep.
abstract: The temporal and spatial patterns of Smad and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression were investigated in skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius muscle and extensor digitorum longus) at different growth stages (2 days old, 2 and 6 months old) in Hu sheep. Smads were differentially expressed in sheep skeletal muscle, with high expression in the gastrocnemius muscle and lower expression in the extensor digitorum longus. Expression of Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 at the 2-day-old stage was significantly higher than at other stages (P < 0.05). The expression of Smad7 in 2-day-old sheep was lower than in 6-month-old sheep, with the lowest levels at 2 months. Smad expression was higher in males than in females at the 2-day-old stage, and expression in 2- and 6-month-old males was lower than that in 2-day-old females. Smad3 expression was higher in the 2-day- and 2-month-old males than in the females. There was a positive correlation (P < 0.01) between YAP1 and Smad2 expression in gastrocnemius muscle at the 2-month-old stage. YAP1 and Smad4/7 expression were positively correlated (P < 0.01) in extensor digitorum longus at the 2-day-old stage. YAP1 expression was negatively correlated with Smad7 in the extensor digitorum longus at 6 months. A significant difference between Smad2 and Smad3 (P < 0.01) expression in muscle was observed, consistent with Smad3 and Smad4 expression, indicating that these inhibit transforming growth factor-β signaling in the same way. There was a positive correlation (P < 0.01) between YAP1 and MSTN expression, suggesting that YAP1 participates in muscle growth in sheep.
authors.affiliation: Animal Science and Technology College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Animal Science and Technology College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Animal Science and Technology College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China dkxmsunwei@163.com.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Animal Science and Technology College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Q Z
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Animal Science and Technology College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Animal Science and Technology College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Animal Science and Technology College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Animal Science and Technology College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.affiliation: Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Bureau of Suzhou City, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D055435:Myostatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D034561:Sheep, Domestic; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051899:Smad2 Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051901:Smad4 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051906:Smad7 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D055435:Myostatin; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D051906:Smad7 Protein; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta