title: Diabetes and Bone Marrow Adiposity.
abstract: This study aims to describe bone marrow fat changes in diabetes and to discuss the potential role of marrow fat in skeletal fragility.
  
  
  
  Advances in non-invasive imaging have facilitated marrow fat research in humans. In contrast to animal studies which clearly demonstrate higher levels of marrow fat in diabetes, human studies have shown smaller and less certain differences. Marrow fat has been reported to correlate with A1c, and there may be a distinct marrow lipid saturation profile in diabetes. Greater marrow fat is associated with impaired skeletal health. Marrow fat may be a mediator of skeletal fragility in diabetes. Circulating lipids, growth hormone alterations, visceral adiposity, and hypoleptinemia have been associated with greater marrow fat and may represent potential mechanisms for the putative effects of diabetes on marrow fat, although other factors likely contribute. Additional research is needed to further define the role of marrow fat in diabetic skeletal fragility and to determine whether marrow fat is a therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, 1700 Owens St, Room 349, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. tiffany.kim@ucsf.edu.|San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA. tiffany.kim@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Tiffany Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, 1700 Owens St, Room 349, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.|San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Schafer
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010006:Osteoblasts; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
keywords: Bone marrow fat; Diabetes; Marrow adipose tissue; Osteoporosis