title: Are Filopodia Privileged Signaling Structures in Migrating Cells?
abstract: Filopodia are thin, fingerlike structures that contain bundled actin filaments and project from the cell periphery. These structures are dogmatically endowed with the ability to sense cues in the microenvironment, implying that filopodia foster local signal transduction, yet their small diameter hampers the imaging of dynamic processes therein. To overcome this challenge, we analyzed total internal reflection fluorescence images of migrating fibroblasts coexpressing either a plasma membrane marker or tagged AktPH domain, a translocation biosensor for signaling through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway, along with a cytosolic volume marker. We devised a scheme to estimate the radii of filopodia using either the membrane marker or volume marker data, and we used that information to account for geometry effects in the biosensor data. With conservative estimates of relative target molecule abundance, it is revealed that filopodia typically harbor higher densities of 3' phosphoinositides than adjacent regions at the cell periphery. In this context at least, the analysis supports the filopodial signaling hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Heath E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina. Electronic address: jason_haugh@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haugh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D061848:Optical Imaging; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction