title: Prevalence of Masked Hypertension: a Population-Based Survey in a Large City by Using 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We estimated the prevalence of hypertension and hypertension subtypes in a large semi-urban city in Korea, using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in a randomly selected sample population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample (aged 20-65 years) from a city with an adult population of approximately 600000 was selected by using a list-assisted random digit dialing method. The 24-hour ABPM and conventional blood pressure measurement (CBPM) of these individuals were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 496 participants, valid 24-hour ABPM and CBPM were obtained from 462 (93%) individuals. The estimated prevalence of hypertension in Goyang was 17.54% by CBPM and 32.70% by 24-hour ABPM (p<0.01). In the age stratified analysis, both CBPM and 24-hour ABPM showed increased prevalence of hypertension with age. The estimated prevalence of masked hypertension was 16.22% and that of white-coat hypertension was 1.08%. Men had a higher prevalence of masked hypertension than women (20.79% vs. 11.86%, p=0.0295). The estimated prevalence of masked hypertension was 17.5%, 20.58%, 24.34%, and 13.29% in the age categories of 30s, 40s, 50s, and 60s, respectively. The estimated prevalence of masked uncontrolled hypertension was 26.79% in patients with hypertension who were taking antihypertensive medications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The estimated prevalence of hypertension by 24-hour ABPM was higher than that by CBPM, revealing high prevalence of masked hypertension. The high prevalence of masked hypertension supports the adoption of ABPM in the national population survey and clinical practice to improve public health and reduce health care costs.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Moo-Yong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Survey and Health Policy Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Woong
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Survey and Health Policy Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea.
authors.forename: Deuk-Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Nah
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Namyi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gu
keywords: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; Masked hypertension; Prevalence