title: Hypouricemic effects of Mesona procumbens Hemsl. through modulating xanthine oxidase activity in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Uric acid is a metabolite obtained from purine by xanthine oxidase activity (XO) and high levels of serum uric acid leads to hyperuricemia and gout. Mesona procumbens Hemsl. has been used as a healthy beverage and a traditional remedy. In this study, the hypouricemic effects of M. procumbens extracts were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The 50% ethanol extract of M. procumbens (EE50) showed the strongest inhibitory effect on monosodium urate (MSU)-induced XO activity in THP-1 cells. However, the phenolics and flavonoids in EE50 may not serve as inhibitors of XO. EE50 prevented an increase in the serum uric acid level in potassium oxonate (PO)-challenged ICR mice and streptozocin (STZ)-induced SD rats. EE50 down-regulated STZ-induced liver XO activity, and it restored renal OAT1 and urate transporter expression. STZ-induced renal interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level were inhibited by EE50 treatment. EE50 exhibits the hypouricemic effect via down-regulation of XO activity, suggesting that EE50 has potential to improve hyperuricemia and its complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. gcyen@nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jhih-Jia
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Jhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. gcyen@nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jia-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. gcyen@nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chi-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec.1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chin-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. gcyen@nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jia-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiunn-Wang
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. gcyen@nchu.edu.tw and Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Gow-Chin
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Yen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000633:toxicity; D000074084:THP-1 Cells; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D014527:Uric Acid; C489337:potassium oxonate; D010094:Oxonic Acid; D013311:Streptozocin; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase