title: An improved multi-objective optimization model for supporting reservoir operation of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project.
abstract: An improved multi-objective optimization model based on goal programming (GP) for supporting reservoir operation was developed under inflow senarios of multiple runoff guarantee rates (i.e., 25%, 75%, perennial mean, and 95%) and ecological goals with the combination of steady- and pulse-state ecological water demands. Under these four scenarios, discharge flows of Danjingkou Reservoir would be 358.40, 369.67, 268.91 and 98.14×108m3/a, and those at Taocha Canal headwork would be 104.61, 86.62, 95.08 and 64.00×108m3/a, respectively. The generated results for stream flows could successfully meet the predetermined operational goals for the project. Comparatively, under the scenario of 95% runoff guarantee rate, the obtained strategies could not satisfy the ecological water demands. The modeling results indicated that the capacity of water diversion and storage for Danjiangkou Reservoir would be enhanced due to the operation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. The results showed the risks associated with possible flooding would be comparatively low under those four runoff guarantee rates. This represents the current priority for flood control in Danjiangkou Reservoir needs to be changed into multiple ones including ecological water supply, water transfer, as well as downstream water security maintenance.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Yangyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address: chunhuili@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Watershed Environmental Restoration and Integrated Ecological Regulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: wangx@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Watershed Environmental Restoration and Integrated Ecological Regulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada.
authors.forename: Yanpeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Guannan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Zhifeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
keywords: Ecological water demand; Multi-objective optimization; Reservoir operation; Runoff guarantee rate; South-to-North Water Diversion Project