title: Cerebral blood flow laterality derived from arterial spin labeling as a biomarker for assessing the disease severity of parkinson's disease.
abstract: To evaluate cerebral blood flow (CBF) laterality derived from arterial spin labeling (ASL) in early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared with those with advanced stages.
  
  
  
  Thirty-eight patients with PD (21 patients in early stages, 17 patients in advanced stages) were retrospectively studied. The CBF maps derived from 3T ASL data were co-registered to the corresponding 3DT1WI using SPM 12 software. Caudate nucleus (CN), putamen (PT), globus pallidus (GP), and thalamus (TH) were manually traced on the representative axial slices of 3DT1WI. CBF of the CN, PT, GP, and TH was measured using corresponding pixels on the co-registered CBF maps. A laterality index (LI) was calculated as the ratio of the contralateral CBF to primary affected side CBF. Each LI was compared between early and advanced stages of PD using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The LIs were also compared between each stage of PD.
  
  
  
  In the CN, the LIs were significantly higher in early stages (mean LI ± SD, 95% confidence interval = 1.06 ± 0.14, 1.00-1.13) than in advanced stages (0.94 ± 0.14, 0.87-1.01; P < 0.05). We also observed a tendency toward decreased LIs with disease severity (1.10 ± 0.14, 0.99-1.21 for Hoehn and Yahr stage I; 1.04 ± 0.14, 0.92-1.12 for stage II; 0.96 ± 0.11, 0.89-1.10 for stage III; 0.93 ± 0.17, 0.81-1.05 for stage IV).
  
  
  
  The evaluation of CBF laterality pattern in the CN using ASL may be useful for assessing the disease severity of PD patients.
  
  
  
  3 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1821-1826.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hiwatashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Togao
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryotaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun-Ichi
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kira
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013113:Spin Labels
keywords: Parkinson's disease; caudate nucleus; diagnostic imaging; functional laterality; regional blood flow