title: Identification of immunogenic proteins from ovarian tissue and recognized in larval extracts of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, through an immunoproteomic approach.
abstract: Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites of cattle and act as vectors for disease-causing microorganisms. Conventional tick control is based on the use of chemical acaricides; however, their uncontrolled use has increased tSresistant tick populations, as well as food and environmental contamination. Alternative immunological tick control has shown to be partially effective. The only anti-tick vaccine commercially available at present in the world is based on intestinal Bm86 protein, and shows a variable effectiveness depending on tick strains or geographic isolates. Therefore, there is a need to characterize new antigens in order to improve immunological protection. The aim of this work was to identify immunogenic proteins from ovarian tissue extracts of R. microplus, after cattle immunization. Results showed that ovarian proteins complexed with the adjuvant Montanide ISA 50 V generated a strong humoral response on vaccinated cattle. IgG levels peaked at fourth post-immunization week and remained high until the end of the experiment. 1D and 2D SDS-PAGE-Western blot assays with sera from immunized cattle recognized several ovarian proteins. Reactive bands were cut and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. They were identified as Vitellogenin, Vitellogenin-2 precursor and Yolk Cathepsin. Our findings along with bioinformatic analysis indicate that R. microplus has several Vitellogenin members, which are proteolytically processed to generate multiple polypeptide fragments. This apparent complexity of vitellogenic tick molecular targets gives the opportunity to explore their potential usefulness as vaccine candidates but, at the same time, imposes a challenge on the selection of the appropriate set of antigens.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC. Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, C.P. 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: acineto123@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Patricia Berenice
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Ramírez Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Biotecnología, Salud y Ambiente (BIOSA-UAGro) de la Unidad Académica de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Carretera Federal Chilpancingo-Acapulco, Ex-Rancho el "Shalako", Petaquillas, Guerrero, C.P. 39105, Mexico. Electronic address: rockdrig@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosario Cruz
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Biotecnología, Salud y Ambiente (BIOSA-UAGro) de la Unidad Académica de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Carretera Federal Chilpancingo-Acapulco, Ex-Rancho el "Shalako", Petaquillas, Guerrero, C.P. 39105, Mexico. Electronic address: deliadomgar@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Delia Inés
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Domínguez García
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC. Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, C.P. 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: rhgutierrez@ciatej.mx.
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hernández Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Investigaciones en Parasitología Veterinaria-INIFAP, Carretera Federal Cuernavaca Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, C.P. 62550, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico. Electronic address: rodolfo.lagunes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rodolfo Esteban
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Lagunes Quintanilla
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Col. Independencia, C.P. 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: daniel.ortuno.sahagun@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ortuño Sahagún
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Col. Independencia, C.P. 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: celia_glz@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González Castillo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC. Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, C.P. 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: aortega@ciatej.mx.
authors.forename: Abel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez Ortega
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC. Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, C.P. 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: sherrera@ciatej.mx.
authors.forename: Sara Elisa
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Herrera Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC. Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, C.P. 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: avallejo@ciatej.mx.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vallejo Cardona
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC. Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, C.P. 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: moisesmartinezv@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Moisés
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez Velázquez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001096:Arachnid Vectors / Q000276:immunology*; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology; D009866:Oogenesis / Q000276:immunology; D010053:Ovary / Q000276:immunology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012098:Reproduction / Q000276:immunology; D048494:Rhipicephalus / Q000276:immunology*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013983:Tick Control / Q000379:methods*; D013984:Tick Infestations / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D014612:Vaccines; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014612:Vaccines; D014819:Vitellogenins; D012313:RNA
keywords: Boophilus microplus; Immunogen; Ovary; Tick; Vaccine; Vitellogenin