title: The assessment of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell layer changes in obese children: a cross-sectional study using optical coherence tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between the obesity and optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 54 obese and 33 non-obese children and adolescents. Obesity was defined as BMI higher than 95th percentile (BMI SDS > 1.64). OCT measurements were performed in all participants. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were compared with OCT parameters of 174 eyes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In obese children, in all quadrants retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses were significantly lower than non-obese children, and also ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thicknesses in inferior and superiortemporal quadrants were significantly lower in the obese group. BMI SDS, insulin, HOMA-IR and triglyceride levels were negatively correlated with RNFL thickness, significantly (r = -0.386, p < 0.001; r = -0.229, p = 0.002; r = -0.188, p = 0.013; and r = -0.301, p = 0.000; respectively) in all subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thinning in RNFL was detected in normal-looking discs of obese children, and this thinning negatively correlated with BMI SDS. Further studies including large series are needed to clarify whether obesity has an effect on RNFL thickness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Saim Çıkrıkçı cad. no: 59 Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey. omer.karti@deu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5085-0079
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Karti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Behcet Uz Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nalbantoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Saygin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abali
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Behcet Uz Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tunc
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Behcet Uz Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Behzat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Obese children; Optical coherence tomography; Retinal nerve fiber layer