title: A fingerprint of metal-oxide powders: energy-resolved distribution of electron traps.
abstract: Here we propose a method for the identification of metal-oxide powders with the energy-resolved distribution of electron traps and conduction-band bottom position reflecting a surface structure and a bulk structure, respectively, as a fingerprint, based on the degree of coincidence for a given pair of samples, measured using newly developed reversed double-beam photoacoustic spectroscopy.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takase
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan and Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan. ohtani@cat.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensuicho, Tobata, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan and Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan. ohtani@cat.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Bunsho
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ohtani