title: A Retrospective Analysis of the Influence of Ventricular Morphology on the Perioperative Outcomes After Fontan Surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of ventricular morphology on perioperative outcomes during Fontan surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single standing, not-for-profit pediatric hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 72 patients who underwent Fontan surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass without aortic cross-clamp between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients were divided into 3 categories depending on their single-ventricle lesions: (1) LV group (n = 20): left dominant and hypoplastic right ventricle; (2) RV group (n = 37): right dominant and hypoplastic left ventricle; and (3) BV group (n = 15): biventricular or indeterminate dominance. Perioperative major adverse events were collected based on the Society of Thoracic Surgeons database. The need for perioperative allogeneic blood transfusions also was determined. The mean age was 3.3±1.7 years and the mean weight was 13.6±4.0 kg. All patients had extracardiac lateral tunnel or conduit Fontan procedures. Sixty-nine of the patients (96%) underwent tracheal extubation in the operating room. Anesthesia, surgery, and CPB times were 326±68, 239±73, and 70±41 minutes, respectively. Eleven patients (15%) required allogeneic blood products intraoperatively, while 30 patients (42%) required allogeneic blood products during the perioperative period. Length of cardiac intensive care unit stay and hospital stay (median [IQR]) were 1 [1,2] and 12 [9,18] days, respectively. There was no mortality and no significant differences between groups in major postoperative complications, anesthetic or surgical variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No difference in the immediate perioperative outcomes was noted based on ventricular morphology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH. Electronic address: Mineto.Kamada@Nationwidechildrens.org.
authors.forename: Mineto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Corey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stiver
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH; Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Aymen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naguib
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tumin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH; Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Joseph D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Tobias
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000379:methods; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D018729:Fontan Procedure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Fontan procedure; cardiac anesthesia; pediatric anesthesia; perioperative outcomes; transfusion