title: Mechanisms, Management, and Treatment of Fibrosis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
abstract: In the last 10 years, we have learned much about the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of intestinal fibrosis in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Just a decade ago, intestinal strictures were considered to be an inevitable consequence of long-term inflammation in patients who did not respond to anti-inflammatory therapies. Inflammatory bowel diseases-associated fibrosis was seen as an irreversible process that frequently led to intestinal obstructions requiring surgical intervention. This paradigm has changed rapidly, due to the antifibrotic approaches that may become available. We review the mechanisms and diagnosis of this serious complication of inflammatory bowel diseases, as well as factors that predict its progression and management strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio. Electronic address: riederf@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rieder
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fiocchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rogler
mesh_terms: D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004106:Dilatation / Q000379:methods; D018450:Disease Progression; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000379:methods; D005347:Fibroblasts; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D058628:Myofibroblasts; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Crohn’s Disease; Dilation; Treatment; Ulcerative Colitis