title: Morphometrical and Morphological Alterations of Human Leukocytes Exposed to 1.8 GHz Electromagnetic Radiations: In Vitro Protective Effects Induced by Polyphenols.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our recent findings have demonstrated that electromagnetic radiations (EMR) (1.8 GHz radiofrequency) are able to in vitro induce morphometrical and morphological modifications of human leukocytes from normal donors.
  
  
  METHODS
  In view of the evidence that polyphenols exert many beneficial effects on plants, animals and humans, leukocytes from human peripheral blood were pre-treated for 1 h with two polyphenol preparations from red grape before EMR exposure (1.8 GHz).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data will show that polyphenol pre-treatment reverts to normality the morphology of irradiated leukocytes in comparison to irradiated cells only. Conversely, leukocyte morphometry seems to be not affected by this treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Here, we demonstrate that polyphenols are also able to normalize leukocyte morphology per se altered before as well as after irradiation. Finally, a working hypothesis aimed at clarifying the protective mechanisms exerted by polyphenols on irradiated leukocytes will be illustrated.
authors.forename: Pier Francesco
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Biagi
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boffola
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stefanelli
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schiavulli
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ligonzo
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casamassima
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Pappagallo
authors.forename: Kiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takimoto
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laforgia
authors.forename: Matteo Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Thea
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Magrone
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy, P. zza Giulio Cesare, 11 70124 Bari,. Italy.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jirillo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000528:radiation effects*; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D060733:Electromagnetic Radiation; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: Electromagnetic radiations; leukocytes; morphology; morphometry; polyphenols.