title: Association of apolipoprotein E polymorphism with plasma lipid disorders, independent of obesity-related traits in Vietnamese children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The dyslipidemia associated with obesity plays a major role in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia in childhood can progress in adult stage. APOE is one of the most important genes that regulate plasma lipid transport and clearance. The study aimed to assess whether the common APOE polymorphism is associated with lipid profiles and dyslipidemia, and it could be modulated by obesity-related traits (body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio) in Vietnamese children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was designed including 249 cases with dyslipidemia and 600 controls without dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is defined as elevated total or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, or low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Genotype for APOE polymorphism (rs7412 and rs429358) was determined by the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The association of APOE genotypes with plasma lipid disorders was tested by binary logistic regression analysis, taking into account the confounding factors of age, sex, residence, province and obesity-related traits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison with ε3/ε3 carriers, the ε4 carriers had the highest concentration of serum TC and LDL-C in cases and controls (P ≤ 0.001), while ε2 carriers had the lowest. Carriers without TT haplotype had higher serum TC than those with TT haplotype. The ε4 carriers had higher hypoalphalipoproteinemia risk than ε3/ε3 carriers (OR = 2.78, P = 0.02) before and after adjustment for age, gender, residence and obesity-related traits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study suggested that the APOE genotype and haplotype significantly associated with plasma TC and LDL-C level in Vietnamese children. The association of APOE genotype with hypoalphalipoproteinemia was independent of obesity-related traits.
authors.affiliation: Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Nguyen Thi Hong
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Hanh
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition, 48B Tang Bat Ho Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Bui Thi
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Nhung
authors.affiliation: Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Duong Thi Anh
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Dao
authors.affiliation: Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Le Thi
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Tuyet
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition, 48B Tang Bat Ho Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Le Thi
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Hop
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin, Hanoi, Vietnam. tqb@nihe.org.vn.
authors.forename: Tran Quang
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Binh
authors.affiliation: National Hospital of Otorhinolaryngology, 78 Giai Phong Road, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Vu Thi Minh
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Thuc
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D052439:Lipid Metabolism Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: APOE gene; Association, lipid profiles; Dyslipidemia; Vietnamese children