title: TiO2nanotube platforms for smart drug delivery: a review.
abstract: Titania nanotube (TNT) arrays are recognized as promising materials for localized drug delivery implants because of their excellent properties and facile preparation process. This review highlights the concept of localized drug delivery systems based on TNTs, considering their outstanding biocompatibility in a series of ex vivo and in vivo studies. Considering the safety of TNT implants in the host body, studies of the biocompatibility present significant importance for the clinical application of TNT implants. Toward smart TNT platforms for sustainable drug delivery, several advanced approaches were presented in this review, including controlled release triggered by temperature, light, radiofrequency magnetism, and ultrasonic stimulation. Moreover, TNT implants used in medical therapy have been demonstrated by various examples including dentistry, orthopedic implants, cardiovascular stents, and so on. Finally, a future perspective of TNTs for clinical applications is provided.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou.
authors.forename: Jian-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua-Qiong
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Allan Zi-Jian
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou.
authors.forename: Ke-Qin
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Salem S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Al-Deyab
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou.
authors.forename: Yue-Kun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008027:Light; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008422:Materials Testing; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013696:Temperature; D014025:Titanium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: TiO2 nanotubes; anodization; drug delivery; orthopedic implant