title: A brief history of the discovery of PXR and CAR as xenobiotic receptors.
abstract: The nuclear receptors pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) were cloned and/or established as xenobiotic receptors in 1998. Due to their activities in the transcriptional regulation of phase I and phase II enzymes as well as drug transporters, PXR and CAR have been defined as the master regulators of xenobiotic responses. The discovery of PXR and CAR provides the essential molecular basis by which drugs and other xenobiotic compounds regulate the expression of xenobiotic enzymes and transporters. This article is intended to provide a historical overview on the discovery of PXR and CAR as xenobiotic receptors.
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
keywords: CYP2B; CYP2B10; CYP3A; Constitutive androstane receptor; Pregnane X receptor; Xenobiotic receptors