title: Changes of proteoglycan and collagen II of the adjacent intervertebral disc in the cervical instability models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Post-operation of cervical decompression fusion and internal fixation (CDF) accelerated adjacent segment disc degeneration (ASD). It is not clear that whether instability of one single segmental accelerates the degeneration of adjacent segment disc. This study aims to explore the effect of cervical instability on the change of morphology and biochemistry in adjective segment (above) in the L5/6 cervical instability rabbit models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two mature New Zealand white rabbits (3000±250g) were randomly divided into two groups, control group (n=8) and model group (n=24). The animal models were established by destruction of partly annulus fibrosus and suction of nucleus pulposus. ASD was detected by X-ray after 4, 8 or 12 weeks surgery (8 model rabbits of each time). Animals were then euthanatized for cervical intervertebral disc tissue samples separation. Histomorphology, proteoglycan and collagen II of samples were detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histomorphology data showed that notochord cells were decreased in C4/5 cervical nucleus pulposus and were replaced by fibroblast-like cells; a small amount cartilage cells were emerged; intervertebral disc anulus fibrosus becomes rough, disorganized, hyaline degeneration and pigmentation, in which contained fibrocartilage cells and cracks between the inner and outer layers. Proteoglycan content of nucleus pulposus was significantly decreased. Meanwhile, type II collagen of nucleus pulposus and annulus was also apparently reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cervical instability can alter morphology and reduce the content of proteoglycan and collagen II in adjacent intervertebral disc, thereby contributes adjacent intervertebral disc degeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical College, Qingdao University, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China. Electronic address: mengchyang@163.com.
authors.forename: Chunyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Cunling
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Yifeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D024043:Collagen Type II; D011509:Proteoglycans
keywords: Adjacent segment disc degeneration; Annulus fibrosus; Cervical instability; Collagen II; Nucleus pulposus; Proteoglycan