title: Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein and Oxidative Stress in a Multiple Sclerosis Model.
abstract: Recent findings in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) suggest that altering certain bacterial populations present in the gut may lead to a proinflammatory condition, that could result in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). Also, Reactive Oxygen Species seem to be involved in the course of MS. In this study, it has been aimed to relate all these variables starting from an analysis of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein (LBP) with the determination of parameters related to oxidative stress in the blood, brain and spinal cord. For this purpose, samples obtained from EAE rats and relapsing-remitting (RRMS) MS patients were used. In addition, EAE rats were treated with Natalizumab, N-acetyl-cysteine and dimethyl fumarate. Natalizumab was also employed in RRMS. The results of this study revealed an improvement in the clinical symptoms of the EAE and MS with the treatments, as well as a reduction in the oxidative stress parameters and in LBP. Correlations between the clinical variables of the disease, i.e. oxidative damage and LBP, were established. Although the conclusions of this research are indeed relevant, further investigation would be necessary to establish the intrinsic mechanisms of the MS-oxidative stress-microbiota relationship.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Celular, Fisiologia e Inmunologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.|Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Begoña M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Escribano
authors.affiliation: Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.|Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Medina-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.|Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Macarena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Luque
authors.affiliation: Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.|Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Agüera
authors.affiliation: Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.|Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feijoo
authors.affiliation: Canvax Biotech SL, Parque Científico Rabanales 21, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Fe I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Garcia-Maceira
authors.affiliation: Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.|Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias y Radiologia y Medicina Fisica, Seccion de Psiquiatria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lillo
authors.affiliation: Departamento Neurofisiología de la Conducta, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vieyra-Reyes
authors.affiliation: Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.|Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Giraldo
authors.affiliation: Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.|Departamento de Ciencias Morfologicas, Seccion Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Evelio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luque
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neuropatologia Molecular, Instituto de Fisiologia Celular, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad de Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drucker-Colín
authors.affiliation: Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain. fm2tufii@uco.es.|Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. fm2tufii@uco.es.|Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF), Cordoba, Spain. fm2tufii@uco.es.
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Túnez
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count; D065468:Dasyproctidae; D000069462:Dimethyl Fumarate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069442:Natalizumab / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
chemical_list: D000111:Acetylcysteine; D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D000069462:Dimethyl Fumarate; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000069442:Natalizumab; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
keywords: Dimethyl fumarate; Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; Lipopolysaccharide binding protein; Natalizumab; Oxidative stress; Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis