title: Possible contributions of thyroid hormone replacement to specific behaviors of cancer.
abstract: l-Thyroxine (T4) is the principal replacement hormone for patients who have hypothyroidism. Some preclinical and clinical evidence supports the possibility that T4can at least permissively affect certain features of established cancers and cancer-relevant angiogenesis. Thus, in the occasional patient with hypothyroidism and concomitant cancer, it appears reasonable to consider thyroid hormone replacement exclusively with 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3). This use of T3has been shown to be effective and safe in early experience with medical induction of euthyroid hypothyroxinemia in patients with advanced solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
authors.forename: Aleck
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hercbergs
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States; Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States. Electronic address: pdavis.ordwayst@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: PhD Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States.
authors.forename: Shaker A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mousa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D018579:Patient Selection; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013974:Thyroxine
keywords: 3,3′,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine (T(3)); Angiogenesis; Apoptosis; Hypothyroidism; Thyroid cancer; Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI); l-Thyroxine (T(4))