title: Chemical and genetic diversity of high-seed-yield sorghum (Sorghum bicolor M.) germplasms.
abstract: This study evaluated the chemical and genetic diversity of high-seed-yield sorghum germplasms from Korea, the United States, and South Africa. We identified significant differences in the chemical contents of whole plants at the heading stage in all cultivars, including differences in crude protein, fat, fiber, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, mineral, and fatty acid contents. Our results suggest that Banwoldang is the most appropriate cultivar for roughage because of its high protein yield. We identified significant differences in the tannin, flavonoid, amylose, mineral, crude fat, fatty acid, and 3-deoxyanthocyanin contents in the whole grain from all cultivars, but not in the mineral or crude fat contents. Tannin levels were generally low. IS645 contained the highest levels of flavonoids and linolenic acid compounds, and Moktak had the highest amylose and deoxyanthocyanidin content in the grain. To assess genetic diversity, we used 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer sets to identify 38 alleles with 3-8 alleles per locus. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the SSR markers, the sorghum cultivars were divided into three major groups. Comparison of clusters based on chemical compositions with those based on SSRs showed that the groups formed by the three native Korean cultivars clustered similarly in molecular dendrograms. Association analysis was conducted for the 10 SSR marker; 48 chemical and growth traits were present for two marker traits (seed color and whole plant fatty acid content) with significant marker-trait associations. These markers could be used to select sorghum cultivars for breeding programs.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup, Korea.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup, Korea.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup, Korea.|Unversity of Science and Technology, Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope Science, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup, Korea.|Unversity of Science and Technology, Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope Science, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup, Korea.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup, Korea sykang@kaeri.re.kr.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000378:metabolism; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism; D056426:Genetic Loci; D014644:Genetic Variation; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D010802:Phylogeny; D000069600:Plant Breeding; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D045868:Sorghum / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013019:South Africa; D013634:Tannins / Q000378:metabolism; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D010940:Plant Proteins; D013634:Tannins