title: Tribenzyltin carboxylates as anticancer drug candidates: Effect on the cytotoxicity, motility and invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines.
abstract: This study seeks to investigate the relationship between the structural modification and bioactivity of a series of tribenzyltin complexes with different ligands and substitutions. Complexation with the N,N-diisopropylcarbamothioylsulfanylacetate or isonicotinate ligands enhanced the anticancer properties of tribenzyltin compounds via delayed cancer cell-cycle progression, caspase-dependent apoptosis induction, and significant reduction in cell motility, migration and invasion. Halogenation of the benzyl ring improved the anticancer effects of the tribenzyltin compounds with the N,N-diisopropylcarbamothioylsulfanylacetate ligand. These compounds also demonstrated far greater anticancer effects and selectivity than cisplatin and doxorubicin, which provides a rationale for their further development as anticancer agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Theebaa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Anasamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Chun Keng
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Thy
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Sunway University, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Electronic address: kmlo42@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kong Mun
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Chin Fei
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Swee Keong
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Yeap
authors.affiliation: Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1983963113, Tehran, Iran; Medical Genetics Department, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 1497716316, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Behnam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kamalidehghan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: chungly@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Lip Yong
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008024:Ligands
keywords: Anticancer; Antimotility; Apoptosis; Breast cancer; CQMIGETUYPVECK-UHFFFAOYSA-L; JLXHBNZQZKJFON-UHFFFAOYSA-M; Organotin complexes; Tribenzyltin carboxylates