title: Procedures for risk-stratification of lung cancer using buccal nanocytology.
abstract: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. with survival dramatically depending on stage at diagnosis. We had earlier reported that nanocytology of buccal cells can accurately risk-stratify smokers for the presence of early and late-stage lung cancer. To translate the technique into clinical practice, standardization of operating procedures is necessary to consistently yield precise and repeatable results. Here, we develop and validate simple, robust, and easily implementable procedures for specimen collection, processing, etc. in addition to a commercially-viable instrument prototype. Results of this work enable translation of the technology from academic lab to physicians' office.
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University, Biomedical Engineering Department, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA; NanoCytomics LLC, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Subramanian
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University, Biomedical Engineering Department, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viswanathan
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University, Biomedical Engineering Department, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cherkezyan
authors.affiliation: NanoCytomics LLC, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iyengar
authors.affiliation: NanoCytomics LLC, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rozhok
authors.affiliation: NanoCytomics LLC, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verleye
authors.affiliation: NanoCytomics LLC, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Derbas
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University, Biomedical Engineering Department, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Czarnecki
authors.affiliation: Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, USA.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University, Biomedical Engineering Department, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Backman
keywords: (110.0180) Microscopy; (110.2960) Image analysis; (120.0120) Instrumentation, measurement, and metrology; (170.1610) Clinical applications