title: Psychosocial or clinico-demographic factors related to neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease needing interventional treatment: analysis of the CATIE-AD study.
abstract: This study sought to determine psychosocial and clinico-demographic factors related to each symptomatic cluster (i.e., aggressiveness, psychosis, apathy/eating problems, and emotion/disinhibition) of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) needing interventional treatment against their agitation or psychotic symptoms. These clusters were classified from 12 Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) subscores in our previous study using the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness-Alzheimer's Disease (CATIE-AD) dataset.
  
  
  
  Based on clinical data from 421 AD outpatients with agitation or psychotic symptoms needed interventional treatment enrolled in the CATIE-AD, we conducted logistic regression analyses to examine the relationships between each symptomatic cluster and three psychosocial (marital status, residence, and caregivers' burden) and nine clinico-demographic (age, gender, education year, general cognition, activity of daily living [ADL], general medical health, race, and intake of anti-dementia drugs or psychotropics) factors.
  
  
  
  While no factor contributed to aggressiveness, psychosis was associated with several clinico-demographic factors: female gender, non-Caucasian race, and lower cognitive function. Apathy/eating problems was associated with more severe caregiver burden, living in one's own home, lower ADL level, and male gender, while emotion/disinhibition was predicted by more severe caregiver burden, lower education level, not-married status, and younger age.
  
  
  
  Among the four NPS clusters, apathy/eating problems and emotion/disinhibition were associated with psychosocial as well as clinico-demographic factors in AD patients with psychotic symptoms or agitation needed interventional treatment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.|Multimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.|Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinagawa
authors.affiliation: Multimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.|Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Plitman
authors.affiliation: Multimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.|Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graff-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000374:Aggression; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001007:Anxiety; D057565:Apathy; D003071:Cognition; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000188:drug therapy; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; aggression; neuropsychiatric symptoms; non-pharmacological therapy; psycho-social aspects; psychosis