title: Serum IL-33 Is a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Acute Ischemic Stroke.
abstract: Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a newly recognized IL-1 family member, is expressed in various tissues and cells, and involved in pathogenesis of many human diseases. For example, IL-33 plays a protective role in cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of IL-33 in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether IL-33 level in AIS patient serum can be used as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker. The study included two hundred and six patients with first-ever ischemic stroke, who were admitted within 72 hours after stroke onset. The serum level of IL-33 was measured with ELISA and the severity of AIS patients on admission was evaluated based on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. The functional outcome at 3 months was determined using the Barthel index (BI). We found that serum IL-33 was significantly higher (P< 0.001) in patients with AIS [57.68 ng/L (IQR, 44.95-76.73)] compared with healthy controls [47.48 ng/L (IQR, 38.67-53.78)]. IL-33 was an independent diagnostic biomarker for AIS with an OR of 1.051 (95%Cl, 1.018-1.085; P=0.002). Serum IL-33 was higher (P< 0.05) in the stroke patients with small cerebral infarction volume compared to AIS patients with large cerebral infarction. In addition, serum IL-33 was also significantly higher (P= 0.001) in the patients with mild stroke, compared to the patients with severe stroke. Furthermore, serum IL-33 level in AIS patients with a worse outcome was higher (P< 0.001) compared to AIS patients with a better outcome. IL-33 was also an independent predictor for the functional outcome with an adjusted OR of 0.932 (95% CI, 0.882-0.986). Our results suggest that the lower level of serum IL-33 is associated with large infarction volume and greater stroke severity in AIS patients. Thus, IL-33 can be used as a novel and independent diagnostic and predicting prognostic marker in AIS.
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuanshao
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Huang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wensi
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yulei
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiaoli
authors.affiliation: 3Institute for Healthy Aging, Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, USA.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Brian
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wanli
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Cai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhengyi
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jie
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 35000, China.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wenhui
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tieer
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jincai
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research,; 3Institute for Healthy Aging, Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, USA.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kunlin
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research.
authors.forename: Shao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bei
keywords: acute ischemic stroke; biomarker; diagnosis; interleukin-33; outcome