title: HBx and SP1 upregulate DKK1 expression.
abstract: Numerous evidences suggested that the hepatitis B virus (HBV) was recognized as an important factor in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) recently was reported to be involved in the progress of HCC. HBV may regulate DKK1 expression in hematoma carcinogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that HBV could regulate DKK1 promoter activity which resulted in upregulation of its mRNA and protein expression in several HBV existing cell lines, and HBx played a prominent role in this process. Transcription factor binding site search result showed that there is a SP1 site in DKK1 promoter region. Luciferase assay showed that overexpression of SP1 could increase DKK1 promoter activity in a dose dependent manner. Accordingly, siRNA inhibition of SP1 expression reduced DKK1 promoter activity and decreased the expression of DKK1 protein.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of forensic medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yongguo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of forensic medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yunzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingnan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors.forename: Ailong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology*; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins
chemical_list: C501126:DKK1 protein, human; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; C057628:hepatitis B virus X protein
keywords: DKK1; HBV; HCC; SP1