title: Employing Solid Phase Microextraction as Extraction Tool for Pesticide Residues in Traditional Medicinal Plants.
abstract: HS-SPME was optimised using blank plant sample for analysis of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) of varying polarities in selected medicinal plants obtained from northern part of Botswana, where OCPs such as DDT and endosulfan have been historically applied to control disease carrying vectors (mosquitos and tsetse fly). The optimised SPME parameters were used to isolate analytes from root samples of five medicinal plants obtained from Maun and Kasane, Botswana. The final analytes determination was done with a gas chromatograph equipped with GC-ECD and analyte was confirmed using electron ionisation mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Dieldrin was the only pesticide detected and confirmed with MS in theTerminalia sericeasample obtained from Kasane. The method was validated and the analyte recoveries ranged from 69.58 ± 7.20 to 113 ± 15.44%, with RSDs ranging from 1.19 to 17.97%. The method indicated good linearity (R2> 0.9900) in the range of 2 to 100 ng g-1. The method also proved to be sensitive with low limits of detection (LODs) ranging from 0.48 ± 0.16 to 1.50 ± 0.50 ng g-1. It can be concluded that SPME was successfully utilized as a sampling and extraction tool for pesticides of diverse polarities in root samples of medicinal plants.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
authors.forename: Thamani T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Gondo
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
authors.forename: Veronica C
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9571-2008
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Obuseng
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Botswana Institute for Technology Research and Innovation, Gaborone, Botswana.
authors.forename: Lesego C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Mmualefe
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Harriet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okatch