title: Low-Carbon Watershed Management: Potential of Greenhouse Gas Reductions from Wastewater Treatment in Rural Vietnam.
abstract: Currently in many cities and rural areas of Vietnam, wastewater is discharged to the environment without any treatment, which emits considerable amount of greenhouse gas (GHG), particularly methane. In this study, four GHG emission scenarios were examined, as well as the baseline scenario, in order to verify the potential of GHG reduction from domestic wastewater with adequate treatment facilities. The ArcGIS and ArcHydro tools were employed to visualize and analyze GHG emissions resulting from discharge of untreated wastewater, in rural areas of Vu Gia Thu Bon river basin, Vietnam. By applying the current IPCC guidelines for GHG emissions, we found that a reduction of GHG emissions can be achieved through treatment of domestic wastewater in the studied area. Compared with baseline scenario, a maximum 16% of total GHG emissions can be reduced, in which 30% of households existing latrines are substituted by Japanese Johkasou technology and other 20% of domestic wastewater is treated by conventional activated sludge.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Sustainability Science-Global Leadership Initiative (GPSS-GLI), Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8563, Japan.
authors.forename: Lan Huong
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5450-3138
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan.
authors.forename: Geetha
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan.
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.affiliation: The United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability, Tokyo 150-8925, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takemoto
authors.affiliation: The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Studies (UTIAS), Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukushi
mesh_terms: D002947:Cities; D005740:Gases; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D008697:Methane; D014744:Vietnam; D062065:Wastewater; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D008697:Methane; D062065:Wastewater