title: Tadalafil for Endometrial Growth in Clomiphene Citrate stimulated cycles in an IUI programma: A pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess the impact of tadalafil on endometrial growth, the uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) and the uterine artery resistance index (RI) in patients under clomiphene ovarian stimulation for intrauterine insemination (IUI).
  
  
  METHODS
  This randomized crossover study included 30 patients with a normal endometrium over 53 cycles, and 46 of those cycles in 23 patients were included in the analysis. In group A the patients were under 100 mg clomiphene daily for five days (2-6) and 5 mg tadalafil daily for 7 days (4-10). For Group B (control) the patients only received clomiphene. Measurements of the endometrium, PI, RI and estradiol determinations were taken on cycle days 4, 8 and 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed a better endometrial growth in Group A compared to Group B: 7.5 ± 2.1 mm vs 5.5 ± 1.2 mm, P < 0.0002 and 8.9 ± 1.8 mm vs 6.3 ± 1.8 mm, P < 0.0002 on days 8 and 10, respectively. Additionally, a progressive decrease in the RI was observed in Group A but not in Group B from day 8 (0.77 ± 0.15 vs 0.85 ± 0.18, P = 0.059) to day 10 (0.74 ± 0.20 vs 0.87 ± 0.14, P < 0.017). However, no differences were observed in PI or serum estradiol between Group A and Group B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of tadalafil improved endometrial growth in patients under clomiphene ovarian stimulation with no significant effect on the uterine artery Pulsatility Index and serum estradiol.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte, Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.; Center for Reproductive Medicine CREASIS San Pedro, Monterrey, México.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Mendez Lozano
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte, Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lenero
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte, Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.; Center for Reproductive Medicine CREASIS San Pedro, Monterrey, México.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: IBRRA - Instituto Brasileiro de Reprodução Assistida, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Scheffer
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte, Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte, Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Barron
authors.affiliation: Departement d'Obstetrics et Gynecology, Hôpital Foch de Suresnes, 40 rue Worth, Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frydman
keywords: Clomiphene citrate; Endometrial growth; Pulsatility Index; Resistance Index; Tadalafil; ovarian stimulation