title: Characterization of paraffin based breast tissue equivalent phantom using a CdTe detector pulse height analysis.
abstract: In this study, paraffin was selected as a base material and mixed with different amounts of CaSO4·2H2O and H3BO3compounds in order to mimic breast tissue. Slab phantoms were produced with suitable mixture ratios of the additives in the melted paraffin. Subsequently, these were characterized in terms of first half-value layer (HVL) in the mammographic X-ray range using a pulse-height spectroscopic analysis with a CdTe detector. Irradiations were performed in the energy range of 23-35 kVpunder broad beam conditions from Mo/Mo and Mo/Rh target/filter combinations. X-ray spectra were acquired with a CdTe detector without and with phantom material interposition in increments of 1 cm thickness and then evaluated to obtain the transmission data. The net integral areas of the spectra for the slabs were used to plot the transmission curves and these curves were fitted to the Archer model function. The results obtained for the slabs were compared with those of standard mammographic phantoms such as CIRS BR series phantoms and polymethylmethacrylate plates (PMMA). From the evaluated transmission curves, the mass attenuation coefficients and HVLs of some mixtures are close to those of the commercially available standard mammography phantoms. Results indicated that when a suitable proportion of H3BO3and CaSO4·2H2O is added to the paraffin, the resulting material may be a good candidate for a breast tissue equivalent phantom.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Tandoğan, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Solen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cubukcu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ankara University, Tandoğan, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. haluk.yucel@ankara.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Haluk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yücel
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019187:Cadmium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods*; D010232:Paraffin / Q000737:chemistry*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013691:Tellurium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D019187:Cadmium Compounds; D010232:Paraffin; D013691:Tellurium; C028337:cadmium telluride
keywords: Breast tissue; CdTe; Half value layer(HVL); Mammography; Phantom; X-ray