title: Cardiorespiratory dose-response relationship of isoflurane in Cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus) during spontaneous ventilation.
abstract: Anesthesia is an inevitably important component of diagnosis and treatments examining the health condition of wild animals. Not only does anesthesia become an essential tool in minimizing stress of the patients and providing an opportunity to deliver accurate and safe procedures, but it also ensures the safety of the medical crew members. This study was conducted to investigate the dose-response cardiorespiratory effects of isoflurane during spontaneous ventilation in ten cinereous vultures. Each bird was administered isoflurane at initial concentration of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 and then an end-tidal isoflurane concentrations (ETiso) of 1.0% for an equilibration period of 15 min in the given order. At the end of the equilibration period, the direct blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and end tidal CO2partial pressure (PETCO2) were recorded, and blood gas analysis was performed. Increasing isoflurane concentrations during spontaneous ventilation led to dose-dependent increases in HR and PETCO2, with minimal changes in RR, decreased arterial BP and respiratory acidosis. Overall, isoflurane for anesthesia of spontaneously breathing cinereous vultures is a suitable choice for diagnostic or surgical procedures.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery and Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Seok
authors.forename: Dong-Hyuk
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Il-Hwa
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hee-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seong-Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yeon
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D046093:Falconiformes; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000009:adverse effects*; D056152:Respiratory Rate / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D007530:Isoflurane