title: 64Cu2+Ions as PET Probe: An Emerging Paradigm in Molecular Imaging of Cancer.
abstract: Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has transformed diagnostic nuclear medicine and become an essential strategy in cancer management. With the expected growth of this molecular imaging modality, there is a recognized need for new PET probes to address the clinical challenges in the early diagnosis and staging of various types of cancers. In this endeavor, the prospect of using64Cu in the form of simple Cu2+ions as PET probe is not only a cost-effective proposition but also seems poised to broaden the palette of molecular imaging probes in the foreseeable future. The usefulness of64Cu2+ions as PET probe is based on the fact that Cu is an essential element that plays an important role in cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Over the past few years, there has been continuous flow of evidences based on studies in animal models on the uptake of64Cu2+ions in different types of tumors, including, hepatoma, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, fibrosarcoma, melanoma, glioblastoma, and ovarian cancer. The widespread preclinical success of64Cu2+ions as PET probe has recently resulted in translation of this radiotracer to clinical settings for noninvasive imaging and staging of prostate cancer in human patients. In this concise review, we have focused on the latest developments in PET imaging of cancer in preclinical and clinical settings using64Cu2+ion as a probe and discussed the challenges and opportunities for future development.
authors.affiliation: Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India.
authors.forename: Rubel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakravarty
authors.affiliation: Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India.
authors.forename: Sudipta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India.
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dash
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003301:Copper Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D003301:Copper Radioisotopes
keywords: 64CuCl2; Cu2+ ion; PET; cancer; copper-64; molecular imaging; radiotracer; theranostics