title: Identification of a fish specific chemokine CXCL_F2 in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) reveals its primitive chemotactic function.
abstract: Chemokines are a superfamily of cytokines regulating immune cell migration under both inflammatory and normal physiological conditions. Currently, a number of fish specific CXC chemokines, named as CXCL_F1-5, have been identified in several species. However, understanding of their functional characteristics is still limited. In this study, we identified a fish specific chemokine CXCL_F2 (LycCXCL_F2) from large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). The open reading frame (ORF) of LycCXCL_F2 is 348 nucleotides long, encoding a protein of 115 amino acids (aa). The deduced LycCXCL_F2 protein contains a 20-aa signal peptide and a 95-aa mature polypeptide. Phylogenetic analysis showed that LycCXCL_F2 fell into a major clade formed by CXCL_F2 sequences and was separated from CXCL_F1 and CXCL_F3-5 subgroups. LycCXCL_F2 mRNA transcript was constitutively expressed in various tissues, with the highest levels in spleen and head kidney. After stimulation with inactivated trivalent bacterial vaccines, LycCXCL_F2 mRNA transcription was significantly increased in both spleen and head kidney. Moreover, recombinant LycCXCL_F2 protein exhibited obvious chemotaxis to monocytes, lymphocytes and eosnophils of PBLs isolated from large yellow croaker, but could not induce the respiratory burst of macrophages. These results indicate that this fish specific CXC chemokine LycCXCL_F2 possesses primitive chemotactic activity and may play a role in immune response in large yellow croaker.
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploration and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Shimin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploration and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Yinnan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploration and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Yingdi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploration and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Jingqun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploration and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Xiamen 361005, China. Electronic address: chenxinhua@tio.org.cn.
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000276:immunology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010473:Perciformes / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000662:veterinary; D017778:Vaccines, Combined / Q000276:immunology; D014733:Vibrio / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029941:Fish Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017778:Vaccines, Combined
keywords: Chemokines; Chemotaxis; Immune response; Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea); Recombinant protein