title: [The scaphoid and rheumatoid arthritis : Classification by retrospective X‑ray analysis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Early destruction of the wrist in rheumatoid arthritis is common and often progressive. Even in times of improved and standardized medical treatment this cannot always be prevented.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A limited range of motion, pain, reduced grip-force, and aesthetic deficits of the wrist can impair the daily life of patients. There is an additional risk for destruction of the surrounding soft tissue and adjoining joints of the upper extremity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Destruction of wrist in rheumatoid arthritis is multifactorial and is localized in many different structures of the wrist. In this context, scaphoid and periscaphoid structures are of interest. Data were gathered in a retrospective study of the wrist X‑rays of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The possible consequences for operative options are described.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Handchirurgie, obere Extremität und Fußchirurgie, Zentrum für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Krankenhaus Waldfriede Berlin, Argentinische Allee 40, 14163, Berlin, Deutschland. m.lautenbach@waldfriede.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lautenbach
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Unfallchirurgie, Helios Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Stralsund, Deutschland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zach
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Hand- und funktionelle Mikrochirurgie, Ernst Moritz Arndt Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland.|Abteilung Hand-, Replantations- und Mikrochirurgie, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eisenschenk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D021361:Scaphoid Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Os scaphoideum; radiolunate fusion; radioscapholunate fusion; rheumatoid wrist; scaphoid destruction