title: Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of acid tar waste from crude benzol refining: A thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry analysis.
abstract: Pyrolysis is an attractive thermochemical conversion technology that may be utilised as a safe disposal option for acid tar waste. The kinetics of acid tar pyrolysis were investigated using thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry under a nitrogen atmosphere at different heating rates of 10, 15 and 20 K min-1The thermogravimetric analysis shows three major reaction peaks centred around 178 °C, 258 °C, and 336 °C corresponding to the successive degradation of water soluble lower molecular mass sulphonic acids, sulphonated high molecular mass hydrocarbons, and high molecular mass hydrocarbons. The kinetic parameters were evaluated using the iso-conversional Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose method. A variation in the activation energy with conversion revealed that the pyrolysis of the acid tar waste progresses through complex multi-step kinetics. Mass spectrometry results revealed a predominance of gases such as hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide, implying that the pyrolysis of acid tar waste is potentially an energy source. Thus the pyrolysis of acid tar waste may present a viable option for its environmental treatment. There are however, some limitations imposed by the co-evolution of corrosive gaseous components for which appropriate considerations must be provided in both pyrolysis reactor design and selection of construction materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fuels and Energy, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe chihobo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chido H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chihobo
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India.
authors.forename: Arindrajit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Fuels and Energy, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe.
authors.forename: Pardon K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Kuipa
authors.affiliation: Department of Fuels and Energy, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Simbi
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001554:Benzene / Q000737:chemistry*; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007700:Kinetics; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008669:Metallurgy; D008970:Molecular Weight; D013696:Temperature; D013818:Thermogravimetry
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D001554:Benzene
keywords: Acid tar waste; crude benzol; kinetics; mass spectrometry; pyrolysis; thermogravimetric analysis