title: Animal models for rotator cuff repair.
abstract: Rotator cuff (RC) injuries represent a significant source of pain, functional impairment, and morbidity. The large disease burden of RC pathologies necessitates rapid development of research methodologies to treat these conditions. Given their ability to model anatomic, biomechanical, cellular, and molecular aspects of the human RC, animal models have played an indispensable role in reducing injury burden and advancing this field of research for many years. The development of animal models in the musculoskeletal (MSK) research arena is uniquely different from that in other fields in that the similarity of macrostructures and functions is as critical to replicate as cellular and molecular functions. Traditionally, larger animals have been used because of their anatomic similarity to humans and the ease of carrying out realistic surgical procedures. However, refinement of current molecular methods, introduction of novel research tools, and advancements in microsurgical techniques have increased the applicability of small animal models in MSK research. In this paper, we review RC animal models and emphasize a murine model that may serve as a valuable instrument for future RC tendon repair investigations.
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration Program.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lebaschi
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration Program.
authors.forename: Xiang-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration Program.
authors.forename: Jianchun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration Program.
authors.forename: Guang-Ting
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration Program.
authors.forename: Camila B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Carballo
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration Program.
authors.forename: Zoe M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Album
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration Program.|Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camp
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration Program.|Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rodeo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001178:Arthroplasty / Q000379:methods; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D017006:Rotator Cuff / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: animal model; mouse; repair; rotator cuff