title: Mechanisms underlying heterologous skin scaffold-mediated tissue remodeling.
abstract: Biocompatibility of two newly developed porcine skin scaffolds was assessed after 3, 14, 21 and 90 days of implantation in rats. Both scaffolds showed absence of cells, preservation of ECM and mechanical properties comparable to non-decellularised skin before implantation. Host cell infiltration was much prominent on both scaffolds when compared to Permacol (surgical control). At day 3, the grafts were surrounded by polymorphonuclear cells, which were replaced by a notable number of IL-6-positive cells at day 14. Simultaneously, the number of pro-inflammatory M1-macrophage was enhanced. Interestingly, a predominant pro-remodeling M2 response, with newly formed vessels, myofibroblasts activation and a shift on the type of collagen expression was sequentially delayed (around 21 days). The gene expression of some trophic factors involved in tissue remodeling was congruent with the cellular events. Our findings suggested that the responsiveness of macrophages after non-crosslinked skin scaffolds implantation seemed to intimately affect various cell responses and molecular events; and this range of mutually reinforcing actions was predictive of a positive tissue remodeling that was essential for the long-standing success of the implants. Furthermore, our study indicates that non-crosslinked biologic scaffold implantation is biocompatible to the host tissue and somehow underlying molecular events involved in tissue repair.
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation in Structural and Functional Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kallyne K O
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology; Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas; São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréia R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology; Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas; São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Research, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, University College London (UCL), London, Middlesex, HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Research, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, University College London (UCL), London, Middlesex, HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tahera
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Research, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, University College London (UCL), London, Middlesex, HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sibbons
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Research, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, University College London (UCL), London, Middlesex, HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Karin V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation in Structural and Functional Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil.|Department of Biology; Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas; São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sonia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Oliani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000378:metabolism*; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013552:Swine; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials