title: Propentofylline reduces glial scar development following gliotoxic damage in the rat brainstem.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the effect of propentofylline administration on astrocytic response following gliotoxic injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were injected with ethidium bromide into the cisterna pontis and treated or not with propentofylline (12.5mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal) during the experimental period. Brainstem sections were collected from 15 to 31 days after gliotoxic injection and processed for GFAP immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results demonstrate that propentofylline decreased astrocytic activation until the 21st day, suggesting that this drug may have a role in reducing glial scar development following injury.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Paulista, Departamento de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.|Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Fernandes
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Bondan
authors.affiliation: Universidade Paulista, Departamento de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.|Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria de Fátima Monteiro
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Universidade Paulista, Departamento de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Pietro Domingues
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Dossa
authors.affiliation: Universidade Paulista, Departamento de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Lígia Bocamino
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Viebig
authors.affiliation: Universidade Paulista, Departamento de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carolina Vieira
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Universidade Paulista, Departamento de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: João Lopes
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Universidade Paulista, Departamento de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria Martha
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bernardi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004996:Ethidium / Q000633:toxicity; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D005912:Gliotoxin / Q000633:toxicity; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014970:Xanthines / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D014970:Xanthines; C032114:propentofylline; D005912:Gliotoxin; D004996:Ethidium