title: Comparative Evaluation of Condylar Volume Between Patients With Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia and Class III Dentofacial Deformity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the condylar volume of patients with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) with that of patients with a Class III skeletal relation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty cone-beam computed tomograms of patients were analyzed. Images were divided into 2 groups: 10 from patients with transverse asymmetry of the face and 10 from patients with a Class III facial deformity. Patients' ages ranged from 15 to 30 years. Volumetric data were reconstructed using Dolphin 3D software (Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions, Chatsworth, CA). This software measured the condylar volume above the deepest point of the sigmoid notch, the lower arch midline deviation, and the overjet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The condyle with hyperplasia exhibited the largest volume (1.97 ± 0.52 cm3) and a statistically significant difference compared with the contralateral condyle (χ2= 14.30; P < .01). The Class III condyle exhibited relative symmetry of volume between the left and right sides. These condyles exhibited a larger volume compared with the non-hyperplastic condyles in the UCH group, with a statistically significant difference (χ2= 6.22; P = .013; χ2= 5.50; P = .019).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperplastic condyles were similar in volume to the condyles of patients with mandibular prognathism, suggesting that patients with a Class III skeletal relation could exhibit bilateral condylar hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: PhD Student, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: douglasrgoulart@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Douglas Rangel
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Goulart
authors.affiliation: MSc Student, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and CIMA Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Dentistry & CEMYQ, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile.
authors.forename: Mario Gonzalo
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cantín López
authors.affiliation: Professor, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Moraes
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor and Head, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile; Associate Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olate
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D063169:Dentofacial Deformities / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D009929:Organ Size; D055815:Young Adult