title: Therapeutic insight into molsidomine, a nitric oxide donor in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes-induced oxidative stress and hypertension play a major role in the development of nephropathy. Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of molsidomine, a nitric oxide donor in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Type 1 diabetes was induced through a single dose of STZ (52 mg/kg, i.p.) in male Wistar rats and then treated with molsidomine (5 and 10 mg/kg; p.o.) for 8 weeks. Physical parameters, vital and renal function test including blood glucose, albuminuria, blood urine nitrogen, serum creatinine, and kidney index were determined. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the kidney homogenate by means of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DN rats exhibited a significant renal dysfunction with a reduction in body weight, excessive oxidative stress, and pathological changes. Molsidomine treatment significantly improved vital sign, renal functions, and oxidative stress in DN rats in a dose-dependent manner. The protective effect of molsidomine was also substantiated by pathological changes in the architect of the kidney.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Molsidomine shows a significant beneficial effect in Type 1 DN in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru - 560 027, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Nathani
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Minaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru - 560 027, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Rema
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Razdan
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D008981:Molsidomine
keywords: Albuminuria; molsidomine; nitric oxide; oxidative stress