title: Exploring hazards of acute exposure of Acephate in Drosophila melanogaster and search for l-ascorbic acid mediated defense in it.
abstract: This study reveals protective role of l-ascorbic acid (25, 50 and 100μg/mL) against toxic impacts of acute sub-lethal exposure of Acephate (5μg/mL) in a non-target organism Drosophila melanogaster. Organismal effect was evident from increased impairment in climbing activities (9 folds) of treated individuals who also manifested altered ocular architecture. These anomalies were reduced with l-ascorbic acid (l-AA) supplementation. Acephate induced apoptotic lesions in eye imaginal discs and gut confirmed tissue damage that also reduced with l-AA co-treatment. Reduction in viability of fat body cells (∼41%), neural cells (∼42%) and hemocytes (3 folds) indicates cytotoxic and immunotoxic potential of Acephate, which were significantly mitigated with l-AA co-administration. The sub-cellular toxic impacts of Acephate treatment became obvious from enhancement in activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT by ∼1.63 folds, SOD by ∼1.32 folds), detoxifying enzymes (Cyp450 by ∼1.99 folds and GST by ∼1.34 folds), 2.1 times boost in HSP 70 expression, and inhibition of cholinesterase activity (by ∼0.66 folds). DNA breaks evident through comet assay confirmed Acephate triggered genotoxicity which could also be prevented through co-administration of. L-AA Furthermore, the study proposes the use of Drosophila as a model to screen chemicals for their protective potential against pesticide toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Department of Zoology, ABN Seal College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Prem
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rajak
authors.affiliation: Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Moumita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.affiliation: Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Salma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khatun
authors.affiliation: Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Moutushi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandi
authors.affiliation: Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India. Electronic address: roysumedha@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sumedha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005216:Fat Body / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D063088:Phosphoramides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007306:Insecticides; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D063088:Phosphoramides; D020011:Protective Agents; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; C001969:acephate; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Acephate; Comet assay; Drosophila melanogaster; MTT assay; l-ascorbic acid