title: Deciphering the Innate Lymphoid Cell Transcriptional Program.
abstract: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are enriched at mucosal surfaces, where they provide immune surveillance. All ILC subsets develop from a common progenitor that gives rise to pre-committed progenitors for each of the ILC lineages. Currently, the temporal control of gene expression that guides the emergence of these progenitors is poorly understood. We used global transcriptional mapping to analyze gene expression in different ILC progenitors. We identified PD-1 to be specifically expressed in PLZF+ILCp and revealed that the timing and order of expression of the transcription factors NFIL3, ID2, and TCF-1 was critical. Importantly, induction of ILC lineage commitment required only transient expression of NFIL3 prior to ID2 and TCF-1 expression. These findings highlight the importance of the temporal program that permits commitment of progenitors to the ILC lineage, and they expand our understanding of the core transcriptional program by identifying potential regulators of ILC development.
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia. Electronic address: seillet@wehi.edu.au.
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seillet
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mielke
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Daniela B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Amann-Zalcenstein
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Shian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Francisca F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Shalin H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Nicholas D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Huntington
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Boehringer-Ingelheim RCV, Doktor-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1120 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: sebastian.carotta@boehringer-ingelheim.com.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carotta
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia. Electronic address: belz@wehi.edu.au.
authors.forename: Gabrielle T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Belz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051538:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D051538:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha; C496488:Hnf1a protein, mouse; C497441:Nfil3 protein, mouse; C491383:Pdcd1 protein, mouse; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: development; immunity; innate; innate lymphoid cells; transcription factors