title: Diagnostic and prognostic value of galectin-3, serum creatinine, and cystatin C in chronic kidney diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to determine the diagnostic and prognostic values of galectin-3 (Gal-3) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with CKD (n=150) were enrolled as the CKD group, which was divided into six groups according to glomerular filtration rates (GFR) indexes. At the same time, 50 healthy adults were chosen for the control group (NC). Measured data included the levels of serum Gal-3, serum creatinine (SCr), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), 24-hour urinary protein, cystatin C (CysC), serum albumin (Alb) and other related indicators.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between CKD and NC group in age, gender and the level of Alb. CKD group had lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) but higher Gal-3, CysC, SCr, β2MG and 24-hour urinary protein excretion than control group (P<.001). Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of Gal-3, CysC and SCr revealed that the corresponding areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.89, 0.83 and 0.85, respectively, and the AUC value of joint ROC curve of Gal-3, CysC and SCr was 0.96. In addition, the 6-year kidney survival rates of low Gal-3 group and high Gal-3 group were 47.3% and 22.8% respectively (HR=2.65; P<.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study verified Gal-3, CysC and SCr were negatively related to eGFR. Besides, it is suggested that Gal-3 can be used as an indicating factor in the diagnosis of CKD; the joint analysis of Gal-3, CysC and SCr for CKD may distinctly improve diagnostic accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Fen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Shuqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yuyin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Zhiwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001798:Blood Proteins; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000097:blood*; D037161:Galectins; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D055316:Cystatin C; D037502:Galectin 3; D037161:Galectins; C428445:LGALS3 protein, human; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Gal-3; chronic kidney disease; diagnosis; glomerular filtration rates; prognosis