title: Sacral Neuromodulation in Patients With a Cardiac Pacemaker.
abstract: The objective of this study was to describe our experience using sacral neuromodulation to treat urinary urgency, frequency, urge incontinence, and chronic urinary retention in patients with cardiac pacemakers. With the increasingly widespread use of InterStim for bladder function restoration, we are seeing more complex patients with multiple comorbidities, including cardiac conditions. Herein, we report 3 cases of individuals with cardiac pacemakers who underwent InterStim implantation to treat urinary conditions. This study is a case series of 3 patients with cardiac pacemakers who underwent sacral neuromodulation to treat refractory voiding dysfunction. The initial patient screening for InterStim therapy involved percutaneous nerve evaluation (PNE), in which a temporary untined lead wire was placed through the S3 foramen. Patients who did not respond to PNE proceeded to a staged implant. All patients in this study had a greater than 50% improvement of their urinary symptoms during the initial trial and underwent placement of the InterStim implantable pulse generator (IPG). Postoperative programming was done under electrocardiogram monitoring by a cardiologist. No interference was observed between the Inter- Stim IPG and the cardiac pacemaker. In this group of patients, sacral neuromodulation in the presence of a cardiac pacemaker appears to have been safe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Abdullah A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9358-8696
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gahzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Dean S
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1507-7783
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Elterman
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Magdy
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1096-3391
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassouna
keywords: Cardiac Pacemakers; Implantable Pulse Generator; Sacral Neuromodulation; Urge Urinary Incontinence; Urinary Retention