title: Monitoring of pistachio (Pistacia Vera) ripening by high field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: The metabolic profiling of pistachio (Pistacia vera) aqueous extracts from two different cultivars, namely 'Bianca' and 'Gloria', was monitored over the months from May to September employing high field NMR spectroscopy. A large number of water-soluble metabolites were assigned by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The change in the metabolic profiles monitored over time allowed the pistachio development to be investigated. Specific temporal trends of amino acids, sugars, organic acids and other metabolites were observed and analysed by multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. Statistical analysis showed that while in the period from May to September there were few differences between the two cultivars, the ripening rate was different.
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica , Sapienza Università di Roma , Roma Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sciubba
authors.affiliation: b CRA-FRU- Centro di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura , Roma , Italy.
authors.forename: Damiano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Avanzato
authors.affiliation: b CRA-FRU- Centro di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura , Roma , Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaccaro
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica , Sapienza Università di Roma , Roma Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Capuani
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica , Sapienza Università di Roma , Roma Italy.
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spagnoli
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica , Sapienza Università di Roma , Roma Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Enrica
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Di Cocco
authors.affiliation: c Fruit Growing Institute , Plovdiv , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Irina Nikolova
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Tzareva
authors.affiliation: a Dipartimento di Chimica , Sapienza Università di Roma , Roma Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delfini
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D055442:Metabolome / Q000502:physiology*; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D027927:Pistacia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002241:Carbohydrates
keywords: NMR spectroscopy; metabolic profiling; pistachio; ripening