title: Distinguishing and quantifying the torquoselectivity in competitive ring-opening reactions using the stress tensor and QTAIM.
abstract: Currently the theories to explain and predict the classification of the electronic reorganization due to the torquoselectivity of a ring-opening reaction cannot accommodate the directional character of the reaction pathway; the torquoselectivity is a type of stereoselectivity and therefore is dependent on the pathway. Therefore, in this investigation we introduced new measures from quantum theory of atoms in molecules and the stress tensor to clearly distinguish and quantify the transition states of the inward (TSIC) and outward (TSOC) conrotations of competitive ring-opening reactions of 3-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobut-1-ene and 1-cyano-1-methylcyclobutene. We find the metallicity ξ(rb) of the ring-opening bond does not occur exactly at the transition state in agreement with transition state theory. The vector-based stress tensor response βσwas used to distinguish the effect of the CN, CH3, and CF3groups on the TSIC and TSOC paths that was consistent with the ellipticity ε, the total local energy density H(rb) and the stress tensor stiffness Sσ. We determine the directional properties of the TSIC and TSOC ring-opening reactions by constructing a stress tensor UσTS space with trajectories TσTS (s) with length l in real space, longer l correlated with the lowest density functional theory-evaluated total energy barrier and hence will be more thermodynamically favored. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Science Faculty, Chemistry Program, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource Fine-Processing and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province of MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Science Faculty, Chemistry Program, Grupo de Química Cuántica y Teórica de la Universidad de Cartagena, Facultad de Ciencias, Programa de Química, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morales-Bayuelo
authors.affiliation: Science Faculty, Chemistry Program, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource Fine-Processing and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province of MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
authors.forename: Tianlv
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Science Faculty, Chemistry Program, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource Fine-Processing and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province of MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Momen
authors.affiliation: Science Faculty, Chemistry Program, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource Fine-Processing and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province of MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Science Faculty, Chemistry Program, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource Fine-Processing and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province of MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Science Faculty, Chemistry Program, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource Fine-Processing and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province of MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.affiliation: Science Faculty, Chemistry Program, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource Fine-Processing and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province of MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China. samanthajsuman@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4288-7653
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jenkins
keywords: 1-cyano-1-methylcyclobutene; 3-fluoromethylcyclobutene; competitive reaction; quantum theory of atoms in molecules; ring-opening; stress tensor