title: Effects of Glia in a Triphasic Continuum Model of Cortical Spreading Depression.
abstract: Cortical spreading depression (SD) is a spreading disruption in brain ionic homeostasis during which neurons experience complete and prolonged depolarizations. SD is generally believed to be the physiological substrate of migraine aura and is associated with many other brain pathologies. Here, we perform simulations with a model of SD treating brain tissue as a triphasic continuum of neurons, glia and the extracellular space. A thermodynamically consistent incorporation of the major biophysical effects, including ionic electrodiffusion and osmotic water flow, allows for the computation of important physiological variables including the extracellular voltage (DC) shift. A systematic parameter study reveals that glia can act as both a disperser and buffer of potassium in SD propagation. Furthermore, we show that the timing of the DC shift with respect to extracellular [Formula: see text] rise is highly dependent on glial parameters, a result with implications for the identification of the propagating mechanism of SD.
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, 206 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, 206 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. ymori@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D013181:Cortical Spreading Depression / Q000502:physiology*; D054351:Electrical Synapses / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D055641:Mathematical Concepts; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Cortical spreading depression; Glia; Migraine; Potassium