title: Lymphocyte genotoxicity and protective effect of Calyptranthes tricona (Myrtaceae) against H2O2-induced cell death in MCF-7 cells.
abstract: Calyptranthes tricona is a species (Myrtaceae) native to South Brazil. Plants belonging to this family are folkloric used for analgesia, inflammation, and infectious diseases. However, little is known about the toxic potential of C. tricona. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of C. tricona ethanol and hexane leaf extracts, as well as verify their effect on human lymphocytes and MCF-7 cells. The extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity using DPPH and ORAC methods. Genotoxic and mutagenic effects in cultured human lymphocytes were assessed using the comet assay and the micronucleus assay, respectively. In addition, cell viability by MTT assay and fluorometric analysis of mitochondrial potential and caspases-9 activity were performed in order to verify the possible effects of both extracts on H2O2-induced cell death of MCF-7 cells. Our findings revealed that the phenol content and the antioxidant activity were only present in the ethanol extract. Also, the phytochemical screening presented steroids, triterpenoids, condensed tannins, and flavones as the main compounds. However, both extracts were capable of inducing concentration-dependent DNA damage in human lymphocytes. When treating MCF-7 cells with the extracts, both of them inhibited MCF-7 cell death in response to oxidative stress through a decrease of mitochondrial depolarization and caspases-9 activity. Thus, our results need to be considered in future in vitro and in vivo studies of C. tricona effects. In the meanwhile, we recommend caution in the acute/chronic use of this homemade preparation for medicinal purpose.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro Universitário UNIVATES, Av. Avelino Talini 171, Lajeado, RS, 959000-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora Mara
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kich
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro Universitário UNIVATES, Av. Avelino Talini 171, Lajeado, RS, 959000-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Shanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bitencourt
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro Universitário UNIVATES, Av. Avelino Talini 171, Lajeado, RS, 959000-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Caye
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro Universitário UNIVATES, Av. Avelino Talini 171, Lajeado, RS, 959000-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dalana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Faleiro
authors.affiliation: Marine Resources Research Group (GIRM), ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal.
authors.forename: Celso
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Marine Resources Research Group (GIRM), ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Marine Resources Research Group (GIRM), ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal.
authors.forename: Susete
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pinteus
authors.affiliation: Centro Universitário UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mergener
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Celular e Molecular. Faculdade de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Majolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Maria, Build 26, Room 1115, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Augusti
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boligon
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Oral Microbiology Research Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Maria, Build 20, Room 4212/4214, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto Christ Vianna
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Marine Resources Research Group (GIRM), ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro Universitário UNIVATESRS, Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claucia Fernanda Volken
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro Universitário UNIVATES, Av. Avelino Talini 171, Lajeado, RS, 959000-000, Brazil. marcia.goettert@univates.br.
authors.forename: Márcia Inês
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Goettert
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D027822:Myrtaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Calyptranthes tricona; Genotoxicity; Human lymphocytes, MCF-7, cytoprotection