title: Synthesis of a Bulk Ti4SiC3MAX Phase by Reduction of TiO2with SiC.
abstract: The bulk MAX phase Ti4SiC3was first synthesized with a yield of 86% by a long-time thermal treatment of TiO2and SiC powder mixture with a molar ratio of 2:3 at 1600 °C under vacuum conditions. It was found that the appearance of Ti4SiC3was preceded by the formation of TiC and Ti3SiC2as a result of the following reactions: (1) combined carbothermic and silicothermic reduction of TiO2to TiC accompanied by evolution of SiO and CO gases; (2) silicidation of TiC with gaseous SiO, leading to the growth of Ti3SiC2. It was suggested that, apart from TiC and Ti3SiC2solids, sublimed gaseous species such as Ti, Si, Si2C, SiC2, etc., could take part in the Ti4SiC3formation that occurred in the next stage. The crystal structure of synthesized Ti4SiC3was refined by X-ray diffraction Rietveld analysis and confirmed by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. The measured structural characteristics of bulk Ti4SiC3are in good agreement with those predicted by ab initio calculations reported in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Pervomaiskaya 48, Syktyvkar 167982, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Istomin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Pervomaiskaya 48, Syktyvkar 167982, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Istomina
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Pervomaiskaya 48, Syktyvkar 167982, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Aleksandr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nadutkin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Pervomaiskaya 48, Syktyvkar 167982, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Vladislav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grass
authors.affiliation: NRC Kurchatov Institute , Kurchatov Square 1, Moscow 123182, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Mikhail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Presniakov