title: Triple threat in pregnancy.
abstract: A woman aged 22 years with a history of lupus presented in the 18th week of pregnancy with hypertensive emergency and flash pulmonary oedema. Bedside echocardiogram revealed severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction with an ejection fraction (EF) of 25% and pericardial effusion. Laboratories revealed hypocomplementemia, proteinuria, elevated C reactive protein and anti-DS-DNA, raising concern for a lupus flare. Cardiac MRI showed an acute intramyocardial oedematous process, consistent with lupus carditis, and further worsening of LVEF to 13%. Shared-decision-making with the patient included discussion of maternal risks of continuation of pregnancy in the setting of worsening heart function and the fetal risks of definitive treatment with cyclophosphamide for a lupus flare and the patient decided to proceed with medical termination of pregnancy. Treatment with immunosuppressants, including cyclophosphamide, and steroids, was then initiated. 2 months after discharge, cardiac MRI showed marked improvement in LVEF to 50% and the patient remains clinically free of heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vishwanathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucke
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Indu G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Poornima
mesh_terms: D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide