title: Kinematic real-time feedback is more effective than traditional teaching method in learning ankle joint mobilisation: a randomised controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To analyse the effect of real-time kinematic feedback (KRTF) when learning two ankle joint mobilisation techniques comparing the results with the traditional teaching method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind randomized trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Faculty of Health Sciences.
  
  
  METHODS
  undergraduate students with no experience in manual therapy. Each student practised intensely for 90 min (45 min for each mobilisation) according to the random methodology assigned (G1: traditional method group and G2: KRTF group). G1: an expert professor supervising the student's practice, the professorstudent ratio was 1:8. G2: placed in front of a station where, while they performed the manoeuvre, they received a KRTF on a laptop.
  
  
  METHODS
  total time of mobilisation, time to reach maximum amplitude, maximum angular displacement in the three axes, maximum and average velocity to reach the maximum angular displacement, average velocity during the mobilisation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the pre-post intervention measurements, there were significant differences within the two groups for all outcome variables, however, G2 (KRTF) achieved significantly greater improvements in kinematic parameters for the two mobilisations (significant increase in displacement, velocity and significant reduction in the mobilisations runtime) than G1. Ankle plantar flexion: G1's measurement stability (post-intervention) ranged between 0.491 and 0.687, while G2's measurement stability ranged between 0.899 and 0.984. Ankle dorsal flexion mobilisation: G1 the measurement stability (post-intervention) ranged from 0.543 and 0.684 while G2 ranged between 0.899 and 0.974.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KRTF was proven to be more effective tool than traditional teaching method in the teaching - learning process of two joint mobilisation techniques.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT02504710.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa s/n. (ampliación Campus Teatinos), 29071, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermería y Podología, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Muñoz
authors.affiliation: University de Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Belén
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ávila-Bolívar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa s/n. (ampliación Campus Teatinos), 29071, Málaga, Spain. acuesta@uma.es.|School of Clinical Sciences at Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia. acuesta@uma.es.
authors.forename: Antonio I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Cuesta-Vargas
mesh_terms: D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004521:Educational Measurement; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization / Q000379:methods*; D008349:Manipulation, Orthopedic / Q000379:methods*; D017145:Models, Educational; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000193:education*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular
keywords: Education; Inertial sensor; Manual therapy; Training