title: Recommendations to improve smoking cessation outcomes from people with lung conditions who smoke.
abstract: This study aimed to gain insight into the impact of lung conditions on smoking behaviour and smoking cessation, and identify recommendations for smoking cessation and professional-patient communications. The study was led by the European Lung Foundation in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society Task Force on "Statement on smoking cessation on COPD and other pulmonary diseases and in smokers with comorbidities who find it difficult to quit". A web-based observational cross-sectional questionnaire was developed from a patient-centered literature review. Topics covered were: cohort characteristics; perspectives on smoking cessation; interactions with healthcare professionals; and recommendations to improve cessation outcomes. The questionnaire was disseminatedviaexisting patient and professional networks and social media channels. The survey was available online for a period of 4 months in 16 languages. The data were analysed as a whole, not by country, with thematic analysis of the open responses. Common characteristics were: male (54%); age 40-55 years (39%); 11-20 cigarettes a day (39%); smokes within 30 min of waking (61%); and has made 1-5 cessation attempts in the previous 12 months (54%). 59% had tried cessation treatments, but, of these, 55% had not found any treatments helpful. Recommendations were: earlier intervention; discussion of the patient's smoking beliefs, behaviours and motivation; giving constructive advice; understanding addiction; informed decision-making; and treatment options. Areas for new and further research have been highlighted through exploring the smoking cessation perspectives and recommendations of people with lung conditions in Europe who smoke.
authors.affiliation: European Lung Foundation, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masefield
authors.affiliation: European Lung Foundation, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Pippa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Smoking Cessation Clinic, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hajek
authors.affiliation: Prince Philip Hospital and Swansea College of Medicine, Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Wales, UK.
authors.forename: Keir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Dept of Cardiology and Pneumology, Lungenfachklinik Immenhausen, Immenhausen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andreas
authors.affiliation: Gentofte Hospital, Pulmonary Medicine, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tønnesen
authors.affiliation: Care and Public Health Research Institute (Caphri), Maastricht University, General Practice, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Onno
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: van Schayck
authors.affiliation: Evgenidio Hospital, Smoking Cessation Centre, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gratziou
authors.affiliation: Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Pulmonology, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dautzenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Cardiology, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tonstad
authors.affiliation: Stellvertretender Vorsitzender des Bundesverbandes der Pneumologen, Lungenarztpraxis Tegel, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hering
authors.affiliation: Ospedale Civile, Pulmonary and TB Unit, Vittorio Veneto, Italy.
authors.forename: Stephano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nardini
authors.affiliation: Education for Health, Warwick, UK.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fletcher