title: Corticosterone stress hormone responses in oil rehabilitated and non-rehabilitated little penguins.
abstract: Whether oiled wildlife should be rehabilitated during an oil spill is internationally debated. Research on little penguins (LP, Eudyptula minor) rehabilitated and released back into a cleaned environment after the New Zealand C/V Rena grounding oil spill in 2011 found the rehabilitation process was effective at treating and reversing the negative effects of oil-contamination on penguin post-release survival, productivity and diving behaviour. Here we investigated the acute corticosterone stress response of LPs to determine if responses of rehabilitated birds differed from those of "control" birds. Corticosterone responses of LPs two years after an oil spill did not differ between rehabilitated and non-rehabilitated penguins. These results show that the rehabilitation process for LP did not affect their long-term physiological responses to humans. This indicates that wildlife can be rehabilitated and returned to the wild with similar human tolerance levels to non-rehabilitated birds and an absence of habituation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Electronic address: b.l.chilvers@massey.ac.nz.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Chilvers
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Finlayson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Candy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sriram
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cockrem
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood*; D004242:Diving / Q000502:physiology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D005241:Feathers; D006801:Humans; D009520:New Zealand; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D046429:Spheniscidae / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: C/V Rena; Corticosterone; Eudyptula minor; Little blue penguin; New Zealand