title: Genetic variability and spatial distribution in small geographic scale of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) under different climatic conditions in Northeastern Brazil.
abstract: The study of the genetic structure of Aedes aegypti is essential to understanding their population dynamics as well as for the analysis of factors responsible for their resistance and ecological adaptation. The use of molecular markers in identifying differences amongst populations of Ae. aegypti in different geographical areas as well as the temporal variation of the vector populations has contributed to the improvement of vector control strategies. The present study aims to determine the genetic variability of Ae. aegypti populations in a small geographical area (state of Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil) by means of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers.
  
  
  
  ISSR markers revealed a more heterogeneous pattern of genetic diversity among the populations with an expected heterozygosity (HE) ranging from 0.261 ± 0.03 to 0.120 ± 0.032, while a similar trend was detected through SNPs across populations with an HEbetween 0.375 ± 0.054 and 0.269 ± 0.042. The population's genetic differentiation assessed with ISSR and SNP markers indicated a very low structuring among the populations with the highest diversity observed within the populations 72 % (ISSR) and 92 % (SNP). Clustering analysis also suggested little variation among populations: the seven populations were grouped into only three ISSR clusters and a single panmictic group based on SNP markers. The present study identified a close relationship between the populations, which probably results mainly from passive gene flow between mosquitoes from distinct geographic regions, influenced by humans commuting along roads.
  
  
  
  There was an intense migration of mosquitos across municipalities, leading to a potential increase in risk of arbovirus and insecticide resistance associated-alleles spreading between mosquito populations.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Mal Rondon s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lizandra Makowski
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Steffler
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Mal Rondon s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.|Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Mal Rondon s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvio Santana
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dolabella
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rubião Junior, CP 510, CEP 18618-900, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Eduardo Martins
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Ribolla
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rubião Junior, CP 510, CEP 18618-900, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carine Spenassatto
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Dreyer
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Mal Rondon s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.|Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Mal Rondon s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edilson Divino
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Mal Rondon s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosane Gomes
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia/CCBS, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, R. Baraúnas 351, Campina Grande, CEP 58.429-500, Paraíba, Brasil.
authors.forename: Walter Fabrício Silva
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Mal Rondon s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. rlacorte@ufs.br.|Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Mal Rondon s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. rlacorte@ufs.br.
authors.forename: Roseli
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5017-3725
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: La Corte
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology; D000483:Alleles; D063147:Animal Distribution; D025041:Animal Migration; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D065632:Chikungunya Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D002980:Climate; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D051456:Gene Flow; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D009032:Mosquito Control; D058974:Phylogeography; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D000071243:Zika Virus Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology
keywords: Arboviruses; Chikungunya; Dengue; Entomological surveillance; ISSR-PCR; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Vector control; Zika