title: Lessons to be learned from serum biomarkers in psoriasis and IBD - the potential role in SpA.
abstract: Early diagnosis, monitoring of disease activity, prediction of treatment response, and structural outcome remain major challenges in spondyloarthritis (SpA). Biomarkers could play a role in addressing these challenges, but in SpA there is a lack of suitable biomarkers. Areas covered: As SpA is clinically and pathophysiologically closely related to psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we reviewed in literature, the value of serum biomarkers in these conditions with the aim to find potential candidates for assessing SpA. Expert commentary: Candidates of interest were antimicrobial peptides, including serum human beta defensin-2 (hBD-2) and lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), and class-1 MHC molecule beta2-microglobulin. Since these biomarkers are relevant in psoriasis and/or IBD from a pathophysiological point of view, and may play a role in the pathogenesis of SpA, we recommend further exploration of their value as biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of SpA.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center , Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maureen C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Turina
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center , Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landewé
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center , Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baeten
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000071068:Lipocalin-2 / Q000097:blood*; D011379:Prognosis; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000097:blood*; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C106641:DEFB4A protein, human; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D023083:beta-Defensins
keywords: Spondyloarthritis; biomarkers; inflammatory bowel diseases; psoriasis; serum