title: The relationship between circulating visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, obesity, inflammation and lipids profile in elderly population, determined by structural equation modeling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The available literature suggests that circulating visfatin/Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) level variability in humans is related to obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipid profile. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between circulating visfatin/NAMPT, obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipid profile in a large population-based, elderly cohort, applying structural equation modeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analysis included 2983 elderly participants of the PolSenior study with assessed total blood count, fasting concentrations of lipids, glucose, insulin, hs-CRP, interleukin-6, and visfatin/NAMPT (by ELISA), and calculated HOMA-IR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The circulating visfatin/NAMPT levels were higher in obese compared to normal weight subjects, in those with hs-CRP above 3 mg/L, with low serum HDL cholesterol, and in insulin resistant subjects. Based on results of the exploratory factor analysis, a baseline model of mutual relationship between four latent and measured variables was created and a final model was developed by maintaining only two significant categories. The important variables for 'latent inflammation' proved to be hs-CRP and IL-6 serum levels. In the case of 'nutritional status', important variables were BMI, waist circumference, and to a lesser extent insulin resistance. Additionally, the residual correlation between those two constructs was also statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The structural equation modeling provided support for the existence of a link between nutritional status, inflammation and circulating visfatin/NAMPT level. This indicates that circulating visfatin/NAMPT can be considered as a novel surrogate marker of systemic inflammation associated with fat depot, especially visceral, in the elderly population.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Statistics, Department of Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec , Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Owczarek
authors.affiliation: b Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olszanecka-Glinianowicz
authors.affiliation: b Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kocełak
authors.affiliation: c Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bożentowicz-Wikarek
authors.affiliation: b Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland.
authors.forename: Aniceta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brzozowska
authors.affiliation: d International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , Warsaw , Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mossakowska
authors.affiliation: e Department of Human Epigenetics , Mossakowski Medical Research Centre , Warsaw , Poland.|f Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology , Medical Center of Postgraduate Education , Warsaw , Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puzianowska-Kuźnicka
authors.affiliation: g Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krakow , Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grodzicki
authors.affiliation: h Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty in Katowice , Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Więcek
authors.affiliation: c Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chudek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D016207:Cytokines; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014280:Triglycerides; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human
keywords: Elderly; inflammation; obesity; visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase