title: Validation of a serum neutralization test for detection of antibodies specific to cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in infected common and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio).
abstract: Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is the aetiological agent of a serious infective, notifiable disease affecting common carp and varieties. In survivors, infection is generally characterized by a subclinical latency phase with restricted viral replication. The CyHV-3 genome is difficult to detect in such carrier fish that represent a potential source of dissemination if viral reactivation occurs. In this study, the analytical and diagnostic performance of an alternative serum neutralization (SN) method based on the detection of CyHV-3-specific antibodies was assessed using 151 serum or plasma samples from healthy and naturally or experimentally CyHV-3-infected carp. French CyHV-3 isolate 07/108b was neutralized efficiently by sera from carp infected with European, American and Taiwanese CyHV-3 isolates, but no neutralization was observed using sera specific to other aquatic herpesviruses. Diagnostic sensitivity, diagnostic specificity and repeatability of 95.9%, 99.0% and 99.3%, respectively, were obtained, as well as a compliance rate of 89.9% in reproducibility testing. Neutralizing antibodies were steadily detected in infected carp subjected to restrictive or permissive temperature variations over more than 25 months post-infection. The results suggest that this non-lethal diagnostic test could be used in the future to improve the epidemiological surveillance and control of CyHV-3 disease.
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Viral Fish Pathology Unit, Université Bretagne Loire, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cabon
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Viral Fish Pathology Unit, Université Bretagne Loire, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Louboutin
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Viral Fish Pathology Unit, Université Bretagne Loire, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castric
authors.affiliation: Friedrich Loeffler Institut (FLI), Insel Riems, Institute of Infectiology, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.affiliation: Fish Virology Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZS-Ve), Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bovo
authors.affiliation: Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) in Pulawy, Pulawy, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matras
authors.affiliation: Central Veterinary Institute (CVI) of WUR, NRL for Fish, Shellfish and Crustacean Diseases, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Haenen
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark (DTU), National Veterinary Institute, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Olesen
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Viral Fish Pathology Unit, Université Bretagne Loire, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002347:Carps; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral
keywords: CyHV-3-specific antibodies; Cyprinid herpesvirus 3; common carp; koi; method validation; serum neutralization test