title: Global metabolomics reveals potential urinary biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma for diagnosis and staging.
abstract: We performed a metabolomics study using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) combined with multivariate data analysis (MVDA) to discriminate global urine profiles in urine samples from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients and healthy controls (NC). Our work evaluated the feasibility of employing urine metabolomics for the diagnosis and staging of ESCC. The satisfactory classification between the healthy controls and ESCC patients was obtained using the MVDA model, and obvious classification of early-stage and advanced-stage patients was also observed. The results suggest that the combination of LC-MS analysis and MVDA may have potential applications for ESCC diagnosis and staging. We then conducted LC-MS/MS experiments to identify the potential biomarkers with large contributions to the discrimination. A total of 83 potential diagnostic biomarkers for ESCC were screened out, and 19 potential biomarkers were identified; the variations between the differences in staging using these potential biomarkers were further analyzed. These biomarkers may not be unique to ESCCs, but instead result from any malignant disease. To further elucidate the pathophysiology of ESCC, we studied related metabolic pathways and found that ESCC is associated with perturbations of fatty acid β-oxidation and the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ruiping
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jiuming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute &Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yongmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute &Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jingbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huiqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute &Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Luhua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute &Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qimin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.|Centre for Bioimaging &Systems Biology, Minzu university of China, Beijing 100081, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zeper
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Abliz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000652:urine; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D005227:Fatty Acids