title: Development and evaluation of silver sulfadiazine loaded microsponge based gel for partial thickness (second degree) burn wounds.
abstract: Silver sulfadiazine has been frequently used as an antibacterial agent for topical treatment of partial thickness burn wounds. In this study, we present the preparation of silver sulfadiazine microsponges by w/o/w emulsion solvent evaporation method. Formulation variables were optimized by using 32factorial design. The optimized microsponges were characterized by FTIR, DSC, PXRD, particle size analysis, SEM analysis and mercury intrusion porosimetry studies. Viscosity, texture analysis and ex vivo drug deposition study of optimized microsponge loaded gel were also evaluated. The safety of the optimized gel was assessed by MTT assay using epidermal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines. In vitro antibacterial studies were carried out to compare the antibacterial inhibitory efficiency of the optimized gel against the commercial product. The efficacy of the optimized gel was evaluated by the partial thickness (second degree) burn wound model in mice. Optimized microsponge loaded gel enhanced the drug retaining capacity in the skin layers, by 3 fold higher to that of a commercial product. The antibacterial inhibitory efficiency of optimized gel was similar to the commercial product against the Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Optimized gel showed reduced frequency of application, no skin irritation, low cytotoxicity on dermal cell lines and enhanced wound contraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India.
authors.forename: P Mahesh
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India. Electronic address: aghosh@bitmesra.ac.in.
authors.forename: Animesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghosh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002056:Burns / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005781:Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005782:Gels; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D011817:Rabbits; D012837:Silver Sulfadiazine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D005782:Gels; D012837:Silver Sulfadiazine
keywords: Dermal toxicity; Hydroxyproline; In vitro antibacterial studies; Microsponge; Partial thickness (second degree) burn wounds; Silver sulfadiazine