title: Risk of Recurrence in Laryngeal Cancer.
abstract: A cohort study was undertaken to analyze the risk of recurrence among 1616 patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx from 1983 to 2010 at a single, tertiary academic center in Oslo, Norway. The cohort was followed from the date of diagnosis to September 2011. Competing risk regression analysis assessed the association between various risk factors and the risk of recurrence, where death was considered a competing event. Recurrence was observed in 368 patients (23%) during the study period. The majority (71%) of recurrences involved the location of the primary tumor. The overall risk of recurrence during the first three years after initiating treatment was 20.5%. Increased risk of recurrence was observed in patients with supraglottic cancer, younger patients, those with T2-T3 tumors and in patients treated in the earlier part of the study period. Significant factors for recurrence in glottic carcinomas were age, treatment in the earlier part of the study and T-status, whereas age was a significant factor in supraglottic cancer. N-status appeared less significant. In conclusion, follow-up of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma should place particular emphasis on the site of the primary tumor, younger patients, cases of supraglottic cancer and T2-T4 primary tumors, especially during the first three years after treatment. More studies are needed to assess the impact of surgical versus non-surgical treatment, and eventually the significance of recurrence, for disease-specific and overall survival in cases of advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Surgery and Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2709-9912
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brandstorp-Boesen
authors.affiliation: Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Service, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ragnhild
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sørum Falk
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Folkvard Evensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Surgery and Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boysen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Surgery and Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Kjell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brøndbo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis / Q000473:pathology; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D009664:Norway; D012306:Risk; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D055815:Young Adult