title: The use of social environment in a psychosocial clubhouse to facilitate recovery-oriented practice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recovery-oriented language has been widely adopted in mental health policy; however, little is known about how recovery practices are implemented within individual services, such as psychosocial clubhouses.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore how recovery practices are implemented in a psychosocial clubhouse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative case study design informed by self-determination theory was utilised. This included 120 h of participant observation, interviews with 12 clubhouse members and 6 staff members. Field notes and interview transcripts were subject to theoretical thematic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two overarching themes were identified, each comprising three sub-themes. In this paper, the overarching theme of 'social environment' is discussed. It was characterised by the sub-themes, 'community and consistency', 'participation and opportunity' and 'respect and autonomy'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Social environment was used to facilitate recovery-oriented practice within the clubhouse. Whether recovery is experienced by clubhouse members in wider society, may well depend on supports and opportunities outside the clubhouse.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  None.
  © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.
authors.affiliation: , RN, MA.
authors.forename: Toby
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raeburn
authors.affiliation: , RN, RM, PhD, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schmied
authors.affiliation: , RN, NP, PhD, FACMHN, School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hungerford
authors.affiliation: , RN, PhD, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cleary