title: Differential protein expression using proteomics from a crustacean brine shrimp (Artemia sinica) under CO2-driven seawater acidification.
abstract: Gradually increasing atmospheric CO2partial pressure (pCO2) has caused an imbalance in carbonate chemistry and resulted in decreased seawater pH in marine ecosystems, termed seawater acidification. Anthropogenic seawater acidification is postulated to affect the physiology of many marine calcifying organisms. To understand the possible effects of seawater acidification on the proteomic responses of a marine crustacean brine shrimp (Artemia sinica) three groups of cysts were hatched and further raised in seawater at different pH levels (8.2 as control and 7.8 and 7.6 as acidification stress levels according to the predicted levels at the end of this century and next century, respectively) for 1, 7 and 14 days followed by examination of the protein expression changes via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Searches of protein databases revealed that 67 differential protein spots were altered due to lower pH level (7.6 and 7.8) stress in comparison to control groups (pH 8.2) by mass spectrometry. Generally, these differentially expressed proteins included the following: 1) metabolic process-related proteins involved in glycolysis and glucogenesis, nucleotide/amino acid/fatty acid metabolism, protein biosynthesis, DNA replication and apoptosis; 2) stress response-related proteins, such as peroxiredoxin, thioredoxin peroxidase, 70-kDa heat shock protein, Na/K ATPase, and ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase; 3) immune defence-related proteins, such as prophenoloxidase and ferritin; 4) cytoskeletal-related proteins, such as myosin light chain, TCP1 subunit 2, tropomyosin and tubulin alpha chain; and 5) signal transduction-related proteins, such as phospholipase C-like protein, 14-3-3 zeta, translationally controlled tumour protein and RNA binding motif protein. Taken together, these data support the idea that CO2-driven seawater acidification may affect protein expression in the crustacean A. sinica and possibly also in other species that feed on brine shrimp in the ecosystem, particularly marine food webs.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Xue-Jiao
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Chao-Qun
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Chuang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Lu
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, PR China. Electronic address: Haipengliu@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hai-Peng
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D020543:Proteome; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: Brine shrimp; Ocean acidification; Proteomics