title: Video Coaching as an Efficient Teaching Method for Surgical Residents-A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As surgical training is evolving and operative exposure is decreasing, new, effective, and experiential learning methods are needed to ensure surgical competency and patient safety. Video coaching is an emerging concept in surgery that needs further investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized controlled trial conducted at a single teaching hospital, participating residents were filmed performing a side-to-side intestinal anastomosis on cadaveric dog bowel for baseline assessment. The Surgical Video Coaching (SVC) group then participated in a one-on-one video playback coaching and debriefing session with a surgeon, during which constructive feedback was given. The control group went on with their normal clinical duties without coaching or debriefing. All participants were filmed making a second intestinal anastomosis. This was compared to their first anastomosis using a 7-category-validated technical skill global rating scale, the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills. A single independent surgeon who did not participate in coaching or debriefing to the SVC group reviewed all videos. A satisfaction survey was then sent to the residents in the coaching group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Surgery, HôpitalMaisonneuve-Rosemont, tertiary teaching hospital affiliated to the University of Montreal, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  General surgery residents from University of Montreal were recruited to take part in this trial. A total of 28 residents were randomized and completed the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After intervention, the SVC group (n = 14) significantly increased their Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills score (mean of differences 3.36, [1.09-5.63], p = 0.007) when compared to the control group (n = 14) (mean of differences 0.29, p = 0.759). All residents agreed or strongly agreed that video coaching was a time-efficient teaching method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Video coaching is an effective and efficient teaching intervention to improve surgical residents' technical skills.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: Mikael.lefebvre.soucisse@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Mikael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Soucisse
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Kerianne
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boulva
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sideris
authors.affiliation: Centre d'acquisition des aptitudes et habiletés cliniques, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: pierredube@videotron.qc.ca.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Drolet
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dubé
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000193:education; D000818:Animals; D002170:Canada; D002983:Clinical Competence; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education*; D004285:Dogs; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods*; D018794:Problem-Based Learning; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000066908:Simulation Training / Q000379:methods*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014741:Video Recording
keywords: Interpersonal and Communication Skills; Practice-Based Learning and Improvement; experiential learning; residency; simulation; surgery; surgical education; video coaching