title: Monitoring the architecture of anionic κ-carrageenan/cationic glycine betaine amide surfactant assemblies by dilution: A multiscale approach.
abstract: The interaction between glycine betaine-based cationic surfactant and algal polysaccharide κ-carrageenan was studied by investigating the dilution effect of the surfactant/polymer assemblies driven by electrostatic interactions. Two aqueous solutions of cationic surfactant and κ-carrageenan at two molar ratios (3.5 and 0.8) diluted with factors of 5 and 10 times, were tested by various analytical methods including a multiscale observation by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM) to understand the solution behavior of surfactant and oppositely charged polymer at both nano- and micrometer scale. Raman spectroscopy as well as confocal Raman imaging were applied to give Supplementary information about the surfactant/polysaccharide interactions and the distribution of assemblies. These analyses confirmed the formation of singular hybrid surfactant/polymer nano-, microobjects and they revealed the influence of dilution on the nanostructures. These results give an insight of the mechanism of the dilution effect on surfactant/polymer assemblies that could be valuable in pharmaceutical formulations, food and cosmetics fields.
authors.affiliation: U.R. 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages INRA BP-71, 627 Rue de la Géraudière, 44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France. Electronic address: cedric.gaillard@nantes.inra.fr.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaillard
authors.affiliation: Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS UMR6226, 11 Allée de Beaulieu, CS50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; Université de Bretagne Loire, France.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS UMR6226, 11 Allée de Beaulieu, CS50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; Université de Bretagne Loire, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Covis
authors.affiliation: Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS UMR6226, 11 Allée de Beaulieu, CS50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; Université de Bretagne Loire, France.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vives
authors.affiliation: Centre d'étude et de Valorisation des Algues, Presqu'île de Pen Lan - BP3, 22610 Pleubian, France.
authors.forename: Maud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benoît
authors.affiliation: Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS UMR6226, 11 Allée de Beaulieu, CS50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; Université de Bretagne Loire, France. Electronic address: thierry.benvegnu@ensc-rennes.fr.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Benvegnu
keywords: 4-O-Sulfo-beta-d-galactopyranose (PubChem CID: 446807); Betaine (PubChem CID: 247); Carrageenan-kappa (PubChem CID: 11966249); Cationic surfactant/κ-carrageenan polysaccharide assemblies; Dilution effect; Electrostatic interactions; Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM); Oleic acid, oleylamine salt (PubChem CID: 6438187); Raman spectroscopy; Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)