title: Induced plant-defenses suppress herbivore reproduction but also constrain predation of their offspring.
abstract: Inducible anti-herbivore defenses in plants are predominantly regulated by jasmonic acid (JA). On tomato plants, most genotypes of the herbivorous generalist spider mite Tetranychus urticae induce JA defenses and perform poorly on it, whereas the Solanaceae specialist Tetranychus evansi, who suppresses JA defenses, performs well on it. We asked to which extent these spider mites and the predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes preying on these spider mites eggs are affected by induced JA-defenses. By artificially inducing the JA-response of the tomato JA-biosynthesis mutant def-1 using exogenous JA and isoleucine (Ile), we first established the relationship between endogenous JA-Ile-levels and the reproductive performance of spider mites. For both mite species we observed that they produced more eggs when levels of JA-Ile were low. Subsequently, we allowed predatory mites to prey on spider mite-eggs derived from wild-type tomato plants, def-1 and JA-Ile-treated def-1 and observed that they preferred, and consumed more, eggs produced on tomato plants with weak JA defenses. However, predatory mite oviposition was similar across treatments. Our results show that induced JA-responses negatively affect spider mite performance, but positively affect the survival of their offspring by constraining egg-predation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Livia M S
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ataide
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Development, Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology and Zoology, Democritus University of Thrace, Pantazidou 193, 68 200, Orestiada, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bernardus C J
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Schimmel
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez-Orenes
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcus V A
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pallini
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Schuurink
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: m.kant@uva.nl.
authors.forename: Merijn R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060434:Herbivory / Q000187:drug effects; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008925:Mites / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010058:Oviposition / Q000187:drug effects; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D012098:Reproduction; D040102:Tetranychidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; C011006:jasmonic acid
keywords: Jasmonates; Phytoseiulus longipes; Tetranychus; −Tritrophic interaction