title: Risk factors associated with plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.
abstract: We sought to determine the associations between plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and various cardiovascular risk factors and with the use of fish oil supplements (FOS).
  
  
  
  Patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing cardiac catheterization (n=433) were studied. Serum fatty acid (FA) composition, the concentrations of lipids and biomarkers of oxidative stress, and dietary/lifestyle factors were measured.
  
  
  
  FOS use was associated with a higher plasma EPA+DHA levels (3.7±1.5 vs. 2.6±1.1%, p<0.0001). However, there was no relationship between FOS dose (mg/day) and EPA+DHA levels in 76 patients reporting FOS use (r=-0.21, p=0.07). Lower levels were inversely associated with risk factor profiles including lower ApoB100/ApoA1 ratios (p<0.001).
  
  
  
  Higher EPA+DHA levels characterized patients with lower CAD risk. The lack of relations between FOS dose and plasma EPA+DHA levels likely reflects uncaptured variability in EPA+DHA content of supplements.
authors.affiliation: Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Katayoon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saadin
authors.affiliation: Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Bliden
authors.affiliation: Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States; OmegaQuant Analytics LLC, Sioux Falls, SD, United States. Electronic address: bill@omegaquant.com.
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dinh
authors.affiliation: Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Tushar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Udaya S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Tantry
authors.affiliation: Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gurbel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100 / Q000097:blood; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C505693:APOA1 protein, human; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D005395:Fish Oils; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Coronary artery disease; Docosahexaenoic acid; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Fish oil supplements; Omega-3 fatty acids