title: Neuroprotective effects of cyanidin against Aβ-induced oxidative and ER stress in SK-N-SH cells.
abstract: This study evaluated the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of cyanidin against Aβ25-35-induced neuronal cell death in SK-N-SH cells. Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity is characterized by a decrease in cell viability, inducing the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins; an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; and an increase in intracellular calcium release. Aβ25-35also induces neuronal toxicity through the disturbance of ER calcium levels. Pretreatment with cyanidin significantly attenuated the Aβ25-35-induced loss of cell viability, reducing the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response proteins with regard to the down-regulation of the expression levels of 78 kDa glucose regulated protein (Grp78), phosphorylated forms of pancreatic ER elF2α kinase (PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α (eIF2α), and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), and the expression levels of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous transcription factor (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP); decreased intracellular ROS production; decreased intracellular calcium release; and reduced down-regulation of the protein expression levels of calpain and cleaved caspase-12. This result suggests that cyanidin may be an alternative agent in preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sarinthorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thummayot
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chainarong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tocharus
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand.
authors.forename: Apichart
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suksamrarn
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Electronic address: jtocharus@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jiraporn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tocharus
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D000872:Anthocyanins; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; C000717247:HSPA5 protein, human; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35); C017154:cyanidin; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Cyanidin; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Neuronal cells; Reactive oxygen species