title: Ultrafast Preparation of AIE-Active Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles via a "One-Pot" Microwave-Assisted Kabachnik-Fields Reaction.
abstract: The development of effective strategies for fabrication of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature has an important impact on the biomedical applications of these AIE-active FONs. In the current work, an ultrafast strategy for fabricating AIE-active FONs is developed through a "one-pot" microwave-assisted, catalysts-free, and solvent-free Kabachnik-Fields (KF) reaction for the first time. It is demonstrated that such organophosphorous-containing AIE-active block polymers can be synthesized within 2 min under air atmosphere through the microwave-assisted KF reaction. These polymers show amphiphilic properties and can self-assemble into mPEG-CHO-Phe-NH2-DEP FONs, which display high water dispersibility and desirable optical properties. Biological evaluation results suggest that the mPEG-CHO-Phe-NH2-DEP FONs exhibit low toxicity and are potential for biological imaging applications. More importantly, many other multifunctional AIE-active FONs can also be fabricated through the strategy described in this work owing to the universality of KF reaction. Besides, combined with the excellent properties of mPEG-CHO-Phe-NH2-DEP FONs, it is believed that such microwave-assisted KF reaction shall be an effective route for designing various AIE-active nanomaterials for different biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.
authors.forename: Zi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.
authors.forename: Meiying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.
authors.forename: Liucheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.
authors.forename: Hongye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.
authors.forename: Guangjian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.
authors.forename: Yiqun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China. fengjiedeng@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Fengjie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China. xiaoyongzhang1980@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and the Tsinghua Center for Frontier Polymer Research, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Park No. 1, Beijing, 100084, China. weiyen@tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008872:Microwaves; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds
keywords: Kabachnik-Fields; aggregation-induced emissions; fluorescent organic nanoparticles; microwave-assisted