title: The relationship between cognitive and neuroimaging outcomes in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia with chemotherapy only: A systematic review.
abstract: Cognitive late-effects have been identified in patients treated with chemotherapy-only protocols for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), yet the underlying neuropathology is not well understood. This review synthesized recent findings from eight articles investigating the relationship between neurocognitive and neuroimaging outcomes for patients treated for ALL with chemotherapy-only protocols. Reported cognitive domains, imaging methods, and neuroanatomy examined were variable. Despite this, 62.5% (n = 5) of the reviewed studies found a significant relationship between cognitive and imaging outcomes. Greater understanding of the effects of treatment on neuroanatomy and cognitive outcomes is critical for proactively managing ALL cognitive late-effects. Research directions are suggested.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hearps
authors.affiliation: Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seal
authors.affiliation: Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.|Psychology Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.|School of Psychological Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Vicki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.|Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.affiliation: Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.|Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Madeleine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Connellan
authors.affiliation: Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.|Children's Cancer Centre, Monash Children's Hospital, Clayton, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Downie
authors.affiliation: Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.|Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Luca
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011379:Prognosis
keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; cognition; neuroimaging; pediatric