title: Techno-economic evaluation of a tandem dry batch, garage-style digestion-compost process for remote work camp environments.
abstract: The extraction of natural resources often involves housing workers in remote work camps far from population centres. These camps are prevalent in northern Alberta where they house approximately 40,000 workers involved in oil sands processing. The central, full-service cafeterias at these camps produce a significant quantity of food and cardboard waste. Due to their remote nature, these camps face high waste disposal costs associated with trucking waste long distances to the landfill. In this study, we investigated the techno-economic feasibility of on-site treatment of food and cardboard waste in a tandem dry batch, garage-style anaerobic digestion-compost process in which the waste material is converted into renewable energy used to heat the camp water supply and a nutrient-rich soil amendment for local land reclamation projects. Dry batch digestion and windrow composting pilot trials were performed on a simulated work camp waste in order to assess technical performance. The quality of the final compost was found to meet regulatory standards. A complete mass balance was then developed for a facility treating 3000 tonnes food waste and 435 tonnes waste cardboard annually. An economic assessment of such a facility was performed and, depending on the level of capital support and recognition of carbon credits for landfill methane mitigation, would require waste disposal costs to be between $115 and $195 CAD per tonne to meet financial criteria for project selection in Alberta's oil and gas industry.
authors.affiliation: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures, Bio-Processing Team, PO Bag 4000, Hwy 16A and 75 Street, Vegreville, AB T9C 1T4, Canada. Electronic address: alex.hayes@albertainnovates.ca.
authors.forename: Alexander C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.affiliation: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures, Bio-Processing Team, PO Bag 4000, Hwy 16A and 75 Street, Vegreville, AB T9C 1T4, Canada.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Enongene Ekwe
authors.affiliation: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures, Bio-Processing Team, PO Bag 4000, Hwy 16A and 75 Street, Vegreville, AB T9C 1T4, Canada.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mervin
authors.affiliation: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures, Bio-Processing Team, PO Bag 4000, Hwy 16A and 75 Street, Vegreville, AB T9C 1T4, Canada.
authors.forename: Earl
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jenson
mesh_terms: D000416:Alberta; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D056804:Biofuels; D005502:Food; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D059205:Renewable Energy; D012987:Soil; D018505:Waste Management / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055814:Wilderness
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D012987:Soil; D008697:Methane
keywords: Anaerobic digestion; Composting; Remote work camps; Techno-economic analysis