title: Women's experiences with giving birth before arrival.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore women's experiences with giving birth before arrival.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative interview study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individual semi structured interviews with women from Western Norway conducted in their homes in 2015.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 women who experienced BBA-births in 2014, or the beginning of 2015. Two primiparous and eight multiparous women participated in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three themes were generated from the analysis. In the encounter with the healthcare services, the women described midwives as gatekeepers defining active labour. Giving birth before arrival was dramatic, but at some point fear of giving birth alone was replaced by feelings of coping, and in hindsight they felt empowered. The women described giving birth before arrival to be a special experience, but this was not always acknowledged by the midwives.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings in this study question the cost-benefit of today's maternity care system pointing towards a more differentiated and decentralised care. To enhance patient safety adequate capacity of midwives in the maternity care is essential. Furthermore, good communication skills are key to improving practice and enhancing safety. Further research must be conducted.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University College of Southeast Norway. Postboks 235, 3603 Kongsberg, Norway. Electronic address: skirnis@fidrildi.com.
authors.forename: Eline Skirnisdottir
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Vik
authors.affiliation: Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University College of Southeast Norway. Postboks 235, 3603 Kongsberg, Norway.
authors.forename: Gunn Terese
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Haukeland
authors.affiliation: Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University College of Southeast Norway. Postboks 235, 3603 Kongsberg, Norway.
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dahl
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006700:Home Childbirth / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D008427:Maternal Health Services / Q000191:economics; D008880:Midwifery / Q000379:methods; D009664:Norway; D011247:Pregnancy; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: BBA; Birth; Born-before-arrival; Experience; Out-of-hospital birth; Patient safety