title: Molecular characterization, isolation, pathology and pathotyping of peafowl (Pavo cristatus) origin Newcastle disease virus isolates recovered from disease outbreaks in three states of India.
abstract: Disease outbreak investigations were carried out in three states of Northern India namely Haryana (Rewari), Uttar Pradesh (Noida) and Delhi, where a total of 110 Indian peafowls (Pavo cristatus) showed sudden onset of nervous signs and died within a period of two weeks during June, 2012. The F (fusion) gene-based RT-PCR detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in affected tissues confirmed the presence of the virus. Three NDV isolates were selected (one from each area under investigation) and further characterized. They were found to be of virulent pathotype (velogenic NDV) based on both pathogenicity assays (MDT, ICPI and IVPI) and partial F gene sequence analysis. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belonged to the genotype VIIi and XIII of class II avian Paramyxovirus serotype1 (APMV-1) and related closely to new emerging sub-genotypes. This is the first report regarding the presence of the fifth panzootic vNDV genotype VIIi from India. In this scenario, extensive epidemiological studies are suggested for surveillance of NDV genotypes in wild birds and poultry flocks of the country along with adopting suitable prevention and control measures.
authors.affiliation: a Avian Diseases Section, Division of Pathology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar , UP , India.
authors.forename: Perumal Arumugam
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Desingu
authors.affiliation: a Avian Diseases Section, Division of Pathology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar , UP , India.
authors.forename: Shambhu Dayal
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: a Avian Diseases Section, Division of Pathology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar , UP , India.
authors.forename: Kuldeep
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dhama
authors.affiliation: b Division of Epidemiology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar , UP , India.
authors.forename: Obli Rajendran
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Vinodhkumar
authors.affiliation: a Avian Diseases Section, Division of Pathology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar , UP , India.
authors.forename: Rajamani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barathidasan
authors.affiliation: c Division of Biological Standardization , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar , UP , India.
authors.forename: Yashpal Singh
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: a Avian Diseases Section, Division of Pathology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar , UP , India.
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: d Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar , UP , India.
authors.forename: Raj Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D046094:Galliformes / Q000821:virology*; D005838:Genotype; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins
keywords: Newcastle disease virus; molecular characterization; pathotyping; peafowl