title: Effects of a diet containing dried grape pomace on blood metabolites and milk composition of dairy cows.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of a diet containing 15% grape pomace (GP) on the general health status and milk quality of dairy cows was assessed by plasma biochemistry and total polyphenol (TP) content, milk polyphenols, milk composition and milk protein fractions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the polyphenols measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy in GP, in feed containing GP (GP+) or not containing GP (GP-), gallic acid and epicatechin were present in the highest concentrations (67.58 and 19.23 µg mL-1, respectively). Higher amounts of TP were also detected in the blood plasma of GP+ cows (114.06 and 83.93 mg GAE L-1, respectively) but not in their milk (233.17 and 245.75 mg GAE L-1, respectively). Also a significant increase was found for lactose and β-lactoglobulin, although there was no effect on α-lactalbumin, albumin, secretory components and caseins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inclusion of 15% GP in the diets of dairy cows is beneficial for overall normal blood constituent metabolism and helps to maintain cow health. The milk of cows fed with a GP diet preserves the normal levels of fat, protein and caseins, and has increased levels of components that make this milk a versatile ingredient material for the food industry (e.g. model whey powders, stability of lactose-rich powders). © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania.
authors.forename: Veronica Sanda
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Chedea
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania.
authors.forename: Rodica Stefania
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pelmus
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lazar
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania.
authors.forename: Gina Cecilia
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Pistol
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania.
authors.forename: Loredana Georgeta
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Calin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania.
authors.forename: Smaranda Mariana
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Toma
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania.
authors.forename: Catalin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dragomir
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania.
authors.forename: Ionelia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Taranu
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis* / Q000506:poisoning*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002392:Catechin / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000097:blood; D007768:Lactalbumin / Q000097:blood; D007774:Lactation; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000097:blood*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007782:Lactoglobulins; D059808:Polyphenols; D014866:Waste Products; D005707:Gallic Acid; D002392:Catechin; D007768:Lactalbumin
keywords: blood metabolites; dairy cows; grape pomace; milk proteins; polyphenols