title: Brain Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Gender Differences in Tinnitus Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increased metabolism in the left auditory cortex has been reported in tinnitus patients. However, gender difference has not been addressed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the differences in Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) results between the genders in tinnitus patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included were patients referred to our clinic between January 2011 and August 2013 who complained of tinnitus and underwent fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET to assess brain metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Univariate and multivariate nominal logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association between upper temporal gyrus (UTG; right and left) and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Included were 140 patients (87 males) with an average age of 52.5 yr (median = 53.1). Bilateral tinnitus was found in 85 patients (60.7%), left sided in 30 (21.4%), and right sided in 21(15%). Increased uptake in the UTG was found in 60% of the patients on either side. Males had a statistically significant increased uptake in the UTG in those with unilateral tinnitus and in the entire population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present the largest study reported so far on tinnitus patients who have undergone FDG-PET-CT. We found a statistically significant difference between the genders in FDG uptake by the UTG. Further investigations should be undertaken to reveal the etiologies for these differences and to assess different therapeutic protocols according to gender.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asaf Harofe Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.|Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shlamkovich
authors.affiliation: Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.|Department of Otolaryngology, Asaf Harofe Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Haim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gavriel
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asaf Harofe Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.|Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Ephraim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eviatar
authors.affiliation: Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.|Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
authors.forename: Mordechay
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorberboym
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asaf Harofe Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.|Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Eliad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aviram
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18