title: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates of First-Episode Psychoses during Attentional and Memory Task Performance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The nature of the alteration of the response to cognitive tasks in first-episode psychosis (FEP) still awaits clarification. We used activation likelihood estimation, an increasingly used method in evaluating normal and pathological brain function, to identify activation changes in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of FEP during attentional and memory tasks.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 11 peer-reviewed fMRI studies assessing FEP patients versus healthy controls (HCs) during performance of attentional and memory tasks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our database comprised 290 patients with FEP, matched with 316 HCs. Between-group analyses showed that HCs, compared to FEP patients, exhibited hyperactivation of the right middle frontal gyrus (Brodmann area, BA, 9), right inferior parietal lobule (BA 40), and right insula (BA 13) during attentional task performances and hyperactivation of the left insula (BA 13) during memory task performances.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Right frontal, parietal, and insular dysfunction during attentional task performance and left insular dysfunction during memory task performance are significant neural functional FEP correlates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Casale
authors.forename: Georgios D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Kotzalidis
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rapinesi
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sorice
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Girardi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferracuti
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Girardi
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008568:Memory; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis