title: Association between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults: a propensity score-matched case-control study.
abstract: Previous studies indicated that dietary patterns were associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), but little is known in Chinese. We design this case-control study to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and MS in Chinese adults. In this study, 1492 participants with MS were matched with 1492 controls using the 1:1 ratio propensity score matching methods. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid self-administered food frequency questionnaire, and MS was defined in accordance with the criteria of the American Heart Association scientific statement of 2009. Higher scores for the high-protein/cholesterol pattern were associated with higher prevalence of MS. Compared with the participants in the lowest quartile, the odds ratio (OR) for the extreme quartile was 1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10-1.68) and the P for trend <0.01 after adjusted for the other two dietary pattern scores. We also found a moderate consumption of the balanced pattern was associated with the lowest prevalence of MS. The ORs across quartiles of the balanced pattern were 1 (reference), 0.83 (95% CI, 0.68-1.02), 0.69 (95% CI, 0.56-0.85), and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.68-1.04) after adjustment. Our study demonstrates that there is a strong association between a diet rich in animal offal, animal blood, meat, and sausage and a higher prevalence of MS.
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yeqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Huanmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Peipei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Renwei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xiuyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Liyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Huijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yixuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Shaomei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Qiyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yuntang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Guowei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Guolin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.|Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Kaijun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000073600:Diet, High-Protein / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D057216:Propensity Score