title: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor has oncogenic functions in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor (PAUF) is a novel secretory protein which promotes tumour progression, metastasis and poor prognosis in pancreatic, cervical and colorectal carcinoma. It is also associated with gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. However, the expression and function of PAUF in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of PAUF in 222 clinicopathologically characterized cases of OSCC. We also investigated the growth, invasion, apoptosis induction and cisplatin resistance of OSCC cells under PAUF knockdown treatment. PAUF was localized in normal salivary glands. In OSCC, immunostaining for PAUF was found in 52 of 222 patients (23.4%), and correlated with nodal metastasis (P < 0.0001) and poor prognosis (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model identified that PAUF expression was an independent predictor of disease-free survival in OSCC (P < 0.0001). The down-regulation of PAUF in OSCC cells suppressed cell growth and invasion and induced apoptosis and cisplatin sensitivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that PAUF has tumour-promoting functions in OSCC. It may thus be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic marker for OSCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasahira
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Miyako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishiguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirita
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuniyasu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D037102:Lectins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D037102:Lectins; C517340:ZG16B protein, human
keywords: 
  PAUF
  ; nodal metastasis; oral cancer; prognosis