title: How to Bond Zirconia: The APC Concept.
abstract: Zirconia has become one of the most popular materials in dentistry. New high-translucent zirconia ceramics have favorable optical properties and can be applied as monolithic full-contour restorations in various clinical indications for posterior and anterior teeth. However, having reliable cementation protocols is fundamental for clinical success of indirect ceramic dental restorations, including those made from zirconia materials. Resin bonding supports ceramic restorations and is necessary for onlays, laminate veneers, and resinbonded fixed dental prostheses. The APC zirconia-bonding concept is based on decades of research on how to achieve high and long-term durable bond strengths to high-strength ceramics. It includes three practical steps: (A) airparticle abrasion, (P) zirconia primer, and (C) adhesive composite resin. This article discusses the history and development of high-translucent zirconia and explains the necessity for proper cementation. The rationale and science behind a simplified zirconia-bonding concept is explained and illustrated with a clinical case presentation.
authors.affiliation: Professor of Restorative Dentistry, Chair, Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Markus B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Blatz
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: President, Cusp Dental Laboratory, Malden, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Kimiyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor of Clinical Prosthodontics and Interim Chair, Department of Prosthodontics, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brindis
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D015040:Zirconium / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide