title: Multiple antibiotic resistance genes distribution in ten large-scale membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment.
abstract: Wastewater treatment plants are thought to be potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes. In this study, GeoChip was used for analyzing multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including four multidrug efflux system gene groups and three β-lactamase genes in ten large-scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for municipal wastewater treatment. Results revealed that the diversity of antibiotic genes varied a lot among MBRs, but about 40% common antibiotic resistance genes were existent. The average signal intensity of each antibiotic resistance group was similar among MBRs, nevertheless the total abundance of each group varied remarkably and the dominant resistance gene groups were different in individual MBR. The antibiotic resistance genes majorly derived from Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Further study indicated that TN, TP and COD of influent, temperature and conductivity of mixed liquor were significant (P<0.05) correlated to the multiple antibiotic resistance genes distribution in MBRs.
authors.affiliation: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
authors.forename: Yue-Xiao
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Jizhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China. Electronic address: xhuang@tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002681:China; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000382:microbiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D062065:Wastewater; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: GeoChip; Membrane bioreactors; Multiple antibiotic resistance genes; Municipal wastewater