title: Staphylococcus epidermidisBiofilm-Released Cells Induce a Prompt and More MarkedIn vivoInflammatory-Type Response than Planktonic or Biofilm Cells.
abstract: Staphylococcus epidermidisbiofilm formation on indwelling medical devices is frequently associated with the development of chronic infections. Nevertheless, it has been suggested that cells released from these biofilms may induce severe acute infections with bacteraemia as one of its major associated clinical manifestations. However, how biofilm-released cells interact with the host remains unclear. Here, using a murine model of hematogenously disseminated infection, we characterized the interaction of cells released fromS. epidermidisbiofilms with the immune system. Gene expression analysis of mouse splenocytes suggested that biofilm-released cells might be particularly effective at activating inflammatory and antigen presenting cells and inducing cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, biofilm-released cells induced a higher production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in contrast to mice infected with planktonic cells, even though these had a similar bacterial load in livers and spleens. Overall, these results not only provide insights into the understanding of the role of biofilm-released cells inS. epidermidisbiofilm-related infections and pathogenesis, but may also help explain the relapsing character of these infections.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal; Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: França
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pérez-Cabezas
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade de PortoPorto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Gerald B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Pier
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Nuno
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cerca
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade de PortoPorto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vilanova
keywords: S. epidermidis; biofilm-released cells; biofilms; pro-inflammatory cytokines; splenocytes transcriptome; tissue colonization