title: Interaction of SARS and MERS Coronaviruses with the Antiviral Interferon Response.
abstract: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) are the most severe coronavirus (CoV)-associated diseases in humans. The causative agents, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, are of zoonotic origin but may be transmitted to humans, causing severe and often fatal respiratory disease in their new host. The two coronaviruses are thought to encode an unusually large number of factors that allow them to thrive and replicate in the presence of efficient host defense mechanisms, especially the antiviral interferon system. Here, we review the recent progress in our understanding of the strategies that highly pathogenic coronaviruses employ to escape, dampen, or block the antiviral interferon response in human cells.
authors.affiliation: University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kindler
authors.affiliation: University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thiel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany. Electronic address: friedemann.weber@vetmed.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D053613:Janus Kinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D065207:Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012367:RNA, Viral; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors; D014764:Viral Proteins; D016899:Interferon-beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C507904:JAK1 protein, human; D053613:Janus Kinase 1
keywords: Interferon; MDA5; MERS-CoV; PKR; RIG-I-like receptors; SARS-CoV; Viral countermeasures