title: The impact of comorbidities on costs, utilities and health-related quality of life among HIV patients in a clinical setting in Bogotá.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to assess the impact of comorbidities (CMs) on costs, utilities and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among HIV patients in Colombia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 HIV patients at an outpatient clinic in Bogotá to assess their costs, utilities (EQ5D-5L) and HRQOL (EQ-VAS). CMs and other covariates were gathered from patient records. Multiple regression models were conducted to assess the impact of CMs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all patients, 72% experienced CMs; of these, half experienced ≥2 CMs (N = 49). CMs had a statistically significant impact on utilities when the EQ5D-5L (P = 0.022) was applied among patient with ≥2 CMs. No statistical significance was found for the impact of CMs on costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that having multiple CMs significantly influences utility, and CMs have some impact on HRQOL measured using the EQ-VAS but this effect is at the border of significance. No significant impact was observed on costs.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI School for Primary Care & Public Health , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark Jm
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Van Duin
authors.affiliation: b Asistencia Cientifica de Alta Complejidad , Bogotá , Colombia.|c Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá , Colombia.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Conde
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI School for Primary Care & Public Health , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wijnen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI School for Primary Care & Public Health , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands.|d Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute for Mental Health and Addiction , Utrecht , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Silvia Maa
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1026-570X
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Evers
authors.affiliation: c Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá , Colombia.
authors.forename: Javier L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI School for Primary Care & Public Health , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark Jg
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Govers
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI School for Primary Care & Public Health , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mickaël
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-9258
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiligsmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000191:economics*; D003105:Colombia; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis
keywords: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS); Colombia; Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV); bogotá; burden of disease; health-related quality of life (HRQOL); healthcare costs; patient and family costs; utility