title: Acrolein-detoxifying isozymes of glutathione transferase in plants.
abstract: Acrolein is a lipid-derived highly reactive aldehyde, mediating oxidative signal and damage in plants. We found acrolein-scavenging glutathione transferase activity in plants and purified a low KMisozyme from spinach. Various environmental stressors on plants cause the generation of acrolein, a highly toxic aldehyde produced from lipid peroxides, via the promotion of the formation of reactive oxygen species, which oxidize membrane lipids. In mammals, acrolein is scavenged by glutathione transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18) isozymes of Alpha, Pi, and Mu classes, but plants lack these GST classes. We detected the acrolein-scavenging GST activity in four species of plants, and purified an isozyme showing this activity from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves. The isozyme (GST-Acr), obtained after an affinity chromatography and two ion exchange chromatography steps, showed the KMvalue for acrolein 93 μM, the smallest value known for acrolein-detoxifying enzymes in plants. Peptide sequence homology search revealed that GST-Acr belongs to the GST Tau, a plant-specific class. The Arabidopsis thaliana GST Tau19, which has the closest sequence similar to spinach GST-Acr, also showed a high catalytic efficiency for acrolein. These results suggest that GST plays as a scavenger for acrolein in plants.
authors.affiliation: Science Research Center, Organization for Research Initiatives, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. mano@yamaguchi-u.ac.jp.|Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. mano@yamaguchi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Jun'ichi
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-8845
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mano
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
authors.forename: Asami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muneuchi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: The United Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-Cho Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan.|Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Sanaullah
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koeduka
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.|The Center for Advanced Insect Research Promotion, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Sakihito
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitajima
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010940:Plant Proteins; D000171:Acrolein; C472235:GSTU19 protein, Arabidopsis; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Acrolein; Oxidative stress; Oxylipin carbonyls; Reactive carbonyl species; Reactive electrophiles