title: Are therapeutic vaccines an answer to the global problem of drug and alcohol abuse?
abstract: Drug Abuse has become a major challenging problem for the society. It effects people of all countries economical strata's and all ages. According. Monetary loss all over the world regarding drug abuse is in million dollars, it not only has an impact on human productivity and healthcare cost but also on cost of crimes conducted by these drugs and alcohol abuse. Therapeutic vaccine has come as new approach to deal with this problem, after failures in search for a pharmaceutical agent to deal with drug of abuse and alcohol. Research in field of nicotine abuse has gone a way ahead with number of vaccines being tried clinically followed by cocaine, opioids, methamphetamine, phencyclidine and alcohol. All of them have a common mechanism of action by antibody production whereas alcohol acts by genetic intervention. None have being approved yet due to poor results in phase II trials, possibly due to not able to trigger an adequate immunological response. But still quest is on for cracking the ice by developing first successful vaccine against drug of abuse, that would follow for other drugs too. It would be great step in field of therapeutic vaccines for drug abuse after similar successful vaccines being approved for other diseases like cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Dick B S
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Brashier
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Ashok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akhoon
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine; D006801:Humans; D008694:Methamphetamine; D010622:Phencyclidine; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D014612:Vaccines; D008694:Methamphetamine; D003042:Cocaine; D010622:Phencyclidine
keywords: Alcohol; drug abuse; therapeutic vaccines