title: Femtosecond spectroscopic study of photochromic reactions of bacteriorhodopsin and visual rhodopsin.
abstract: Photochromic ultrafast reactions of bacteriorhodopsin (H. salinarum) and bovine rhodopsin were conducted with a femtosecond two-pump probe pulse setup with the time resolution of 20-25fs. The dynamics of the forward and reverse photochemical reactions for both retinal-containing proteins was compared. It is demonstrated that when retinal-containing proteins are excited by femtosecond pulses, dynamics pattern of the vibrational coherent wave packets in the course of the reaction is different for bacteriorhodopsin and visual rhodopsin. As shown in these studies, the low-frequencies that form a wave packets experimentally observed in the dynamics of primary products formation as a result of retinal photoisomerization have different intensities and are clearer for bovine rhodopsin. Photo-reversible reactions for both retinal proteins were performed from the stage of the relatively stable photointermediates that appear within 3-5ps after the light pulse impact. It is demonstrated that the efficiency of the reverse phototransition K-form→bacteriorhodopsin is almost five-fold higher than that of the Batho-intermediate→visual rhodopsin phototransition. The results obtained indicate that in the course of evolution the intramolecular mechanism of the chromophore-protein interaction in visual rhodopsin becomes more perfect and specific. The decrease in the probability of the reverse chromophore photoisomerization (all-trans→11-cis retinal) in primary photo-induced rhodopsin products causes an increase in the efficiency of the photoreception process.
authors.affiliation: Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia; Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st.4, Moscow 119334, Russia. Electronic address: feldmantb@mail.ru.
authors.forename: Tatiana B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.affiliation: Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st.4, Moscow 119334, Russia.
authors.forename: Olga A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Smitienko
authors.affiliation: Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st.4, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Ivan V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Shelaev
authors.affiliation: Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st.4, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Fedor E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Gostev
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya st. 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
authors.forename: Oksana V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Nekrasova
authors.affiliation: Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya st. 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
authors.forename: Dmitriy A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dolgikh
authors.affiliation: Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st.4, Moscow 119334, Russia; Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st.4, Moscow 119991, Russia; Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432, Russia.
authors.forename: Victor A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Nadtochenko
authors.affiliation: Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya st. 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
authors.forename: Mikhail P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Kirpichnikov
authors.affiliation: Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia; Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st.4, Moscow 119334, Russia.
authors.forename: Mikhail A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ostrovsky
mesh_terms: D001436:Bacteriorhodopsins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001436:Bacteriorhodopsins; D012243:Rhodopsin
keywords: Bacteriorhodopsin; Femtosecond two-pump probe pulse setup; Photoreversible reaction; Visual rhodopsin