title: Influence of Halide Solutions on Collagen Networks: Measurements of Physical Properties by Atomic Force Microscopy.
abstract: The influence of aqueous halide solutions on collagen coatings was tested. The effects on resistance against indentation/penetration on adhesion forces were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the change of Young's modulus of the coating was derived. Comparative measurements over time were conducted with halide solutions of various concentrations. Physical properties of the mesh-like coating generally showed large variability. Starting with a compact set of physical properties, data disperse after minutes. A trend of increase in elasticity and permeability was found for all halide solutions. These changes were largest in NaI, displaying a logical trend with ion size. However a correlation with concentration was not measured. Adhesion properties were found to be independent of mechanical properties. The paper also presents practical experience for AFM measurements of soft tissue under liquids, particularly related to data evaluation. The weakening in physical strength found after exposure to halide solutions may be interpreted as widening of the network structure or change in the chemical properties in part of the collagen fibres (swelling). In order to design customized surface coatings at optimized conditions also for medical applications, halide solutions might be used as agents with little impact on the safety of patients.
authors.affiliation: Paracelsus Society of Balneology and Iodine Research, Kurpromenade 1, 4540 Bad Hall, Austria.
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8151-2291
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spitzer-Sonnleitner
authors.affiliation: University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Campus Linz, FH OÖ Studienbetriebs GmbH, Franz-Fritsch-Straße 11/Top 3, 4600 Wels, Austria.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kempe
authors.affiliation: University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Hoechstaedtplatz 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lackner