title: Human Lice in Paleoentomology and Paleomicrobiology.
abstract: Lice are a classic example of cospeciation. Human lice confirm this cospeciation with lice specialized in hominids which differ from those of gorillas and chimpanzees. Head lice and body lice seem to belong to closely related species with different ecotypes and a different geographical distribution which may reflect population movements. Paleo-entomology allows us in some cases to trace the migrations of archaic human populations. The analysis of lice found on mummies in Egypt and South America has clarified a certain number of these migrations, also the study of lice and the diseases they transmit has shed a new light on the epidemics of the past.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes: URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Rezak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drali
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Kosta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mumcuoglu
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes: URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raoult
mesh_terms: D000569:Americas; D000818:Animals; D004534:Egypt; D004772:Entomology / Q000379:methods*; D063426:Human Migration; D006801:Humans; D010164:Paleopathology / Q000379:methods*; D010374:Pediculus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*