title: Sleep disorder investigation might be considered to be mandatory in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder guideline.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with attention deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) and compare amplitude and latency of the P300 potential among children with and without OSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one children with ADHD underwent oddball auditory attention tests for detection of P300 (ERPs) followed by an all-night polysomnography. The children were divided in two groups, those with and without OSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant decreased amplitude of the P300 potential was observed in children with OSA when compared with children without OSA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed that sleep fragmentation as a result of OSA can exacerbate the attention disorder that characterizes ADHD, and highlights the importance of assessing the presence of OSA in the differential diagnosis of children with attention deficits.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Graduação Ciências Médicas, Brasília DF, Brasil.|Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Biociências e Laboratório de Pesquisa de Imunogenética e Doenças Crônico-Degenerativas, Brasília DF, Brasil.|Hospital Regional de Taguatinga, Unidade de Clínica Médica, Departamento Clínico de Neurofiologia, Taguatinga DF, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo Sérgio Azeredo
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Henriques
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D015995:Prevalence; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors