title: Zoonotic Hepatitis E Virus: Classiﬁcation, Animal Reservoirs and Transmission Routes.
abstract: During the past ten years, several new hepatitis E viruses (HEVs) have been identiﬁed in various animal species. In parallel, the number of reports of autochthonous hepatitis E in Western countries has increased as well, raising the question of what role these possible animal reservoirs play in human infections. The aim of this review is to present the recent discoveries of animal HEVs and their classiﬁcation within the Hepeviridae family, their zoonotic and species barrier crossing potential, and possible use as models to study hepatitis E pathogenesis. Lastly, this review describes the transmission pathways identiﬁed from animal sources.
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Animal Health Laboratory, UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France. virginie.doceul@vet-alfort.fr.|French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France. virginie.doceul@vet-alfort.fr.|Association of Universities and High Education Institutions (ComUE), Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne University, National Veterinary School, UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France. virginie.doceul@vet-alfort.fr.
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Doceul
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Animal Health Laboratory, UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France. eugenie.bagdassarian@vet-alfort.fr.|French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France. eugenie.bagdassarian@vet-alfort.fr.|Association of Universities and High Education Institutions (ComUE), Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne University, National Veterinary School, UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France. eugenie.bagdassarian@vet-alfort.fr.
authors.forename: Eugénie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bagdassarian
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Animal Health Laboratory, UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France. antonin.demange@vet-alfort.fr.|French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France. antonin.demange@vet-alfort.fr.|Association of Universities and High Education Institutions (ComUE), Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne University, National Veterinary School, UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France. antonin.demange@vet-alfort.fr.
authors.forename: Antonin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demange
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Animal Health Laboratory, UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France. nicole.pavio@anses.fr.|French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France. nicole.pavio@anses.fr.|Association of Universities and High Education Institutions (ComUE), Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne University, National Veterinary School, UMR (joint research unit) 1161 Virology, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France. nicole.pavio@anses.fr.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pavio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious; D016751:Hepatitis E / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D016752:Hepatitis E virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*
keywords: animals; foodborne transmission; hepatitis E virus (HEV); zoonotic reservoir