title: Minimum 2-year outcomes and return to sport following resection arthroplasty for the treatment of sternoclavicular osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the effect of open resection arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the sternoclavicular (SC) joint on pain levels, functional outcomes, and return to sport.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients from a single surgeon's practice who underwent open resection arthroplasty (maximum 10-mm resection) for SC osteoarthritis or prearthritic changes between November 2006 and November 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. This was an outcomes study with prospectively collected data. Preoperative and postoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score, several pain scores, and level of sport intensity were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen SC joints in 16 patients (9 female, 7 male) met inclusion criteria. Mean age at time of surgery way 41.1 years (range, 12-66 years). One patient refused participation in the study. Three SC joint resections (17.7%) required SC joint revision surgery. Minimum 2-year outcomes data were available for 11 of the remaining 13 SC joints (84.6%). The mean time to follow-up was 3.3 years (range, 2.0-8.8 years). Pain at its worst (P = .026), pain at competition (P = .041), the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score (P = .034), and the ability to sleep on the affected shoulder (P = .038) showed significant improvement postoperatively. The average postoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score was 83.3. The level of sports participation (P = .042) as well as strength and endurance when participating in sport (P = .039) significantly increased postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resection arthroplasty of the medial end of the clavicle in patients with osteoarthritis of the SC joint without instability results in pain reduction, functional improvement, and a high rate of return to sport at midterm follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA.
authors.forename: J Christoph
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Katthagen
authors.affiliation: Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Dimitri S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Tahal
authors.affiliation: Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Travis J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Menge
authors.affiliation: Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Marilee P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Horan
authors.affiliation: Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA; The Steadman Clinic, Vail, CO, USA. Electronic address: drmillett@thesteadmanclinic.com.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Millett
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001178:Arthroplasty; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000068958:Return to Sport; D013247:Sternoclavicular Joint; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Sternoclavicular joint; open; osteoarthritis; outcomes; resection arthroplasty; return to sport