title: The Temporal Dynamics of Scene Processing: A Multifaceted EEG Investigation.
abstract: Our remarkable ability to process complex visual scenes is supported by a network of scene-selective cortical regions. Despite growing knowledge about the scene representation in these regions, much less is known about the temporal dynamics with which these representations emerge. We conducted two experiments aimed at identifying and characterizing the earliest markers of scene-specific processing. In the first experiment, human participants viewed images of scenes, faces, and everyday objects while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. We found that the first ERP component to evince a significantly stronger response to scenes than the other categories was the P2, peaking ∼220 ms after stimulus onset. To establish that the P2 component reflects scene-specific processing, in the second experiment, we recorded ERPs while the participants viewed diverse real-world scenes spanning the following three global scene properties: spatial expanse (open/closed), relative distance (near/far), and naturalness (man-made/natural). We found that P2 amplitude was sensitive to these scene properties at both the categorical level, distinguishing between open and closed natural scenes, as well as at the single-image level, reflecting both computationally derived scene statistics and behavioral ratings of naturalness and spatial expanse. Together, these results establish the P2 as an ERP marker for scene processing, and demonstrate that scene-specific global information is available in the neural response as early as 220 ms.
authors.affiliation: Section on Learning and Plasticity, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health/National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: Assaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harel
authors.affiliation: Section on Learning and Plasticity, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health/National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: Iris I A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5536-6128
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The George Washington University , Washington, DC 20052.
authors.forename: Dwight J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kravitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel; Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
authors.forename: Leon Y
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6147-5208
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Deouell
authors.affiliation: Section on Learning and Plasticity, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health/National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: Chris I
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6861-8964
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: EEG; ERP; scene recognition; visual perception 