title: Elevation of oxidative stress indicators in a pilot study of plasma following traumatic brain injury.
abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) encompasses a broad range of injury mechanisms and severity. A detailed determination of TBI severity can be a complex challenge, with current clinical tools sometimes insufficient to tailor a clinical response to a spectrum of patient needs. Blood biomarkers of TBI may supplement clinical assessments but currently available biomarkers have limited sensitivity and specificity. While oxidative stress is known to feature in damage mechanisms following TBI, investigation of blood biomarkers of oxidative stress has been limited. This exploratory pilot study of a subset of 18 trauma patients with TBI of varying severity, quantifies circulating concentrations of the structural damage indicators S100b, and myelin basic protein (MBP), and the biomarkers of oxidative stress hydroxynonenal (HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), carboxy-methyl-lysine (CML), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHDG). Significant increases in circulating S100b, MBP, and HNE were observed in TBI patient samples compared to 8 uninjured controls, and there was a significant decrease in CML. This small exploratory study supports the current literature on S100b and MBP elevation in TBI, and reveals potential for the use of peripheral oxidative stress markers to assist in determination of TBI severity. Further investigation is required to validate results and confirm trends.
authors.affiliation: Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: 20947223@student.uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Halstrom
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: ellen.macdonald@uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: claire.neil@uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neil
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: glenn.arendts@uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arendts
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: daniel.fatovich@health.wa.gov.au.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fatovich
authors.affiliation: Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: lindy.fitzgerald@uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D015415:Biomarkers; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; C579160:S100B protein, human; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
keywords: Biomarkers; Hydroxynonenal; Oxidative stress; Traumatic brain injury