title: Analysis of expired medications in Serbian households.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An ongoing issue of expired medications accumulating in some households is a universal problem around the world. The aim of the study was to investigate the extent and structure of expired medications in Serbian households, and to determine which therapeutic groups generated the most waste.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in households in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. The study had been performed over 8 month period (December 2011 - July 2012) and it consisted of personal insights into the medication inventory in households.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1008 families, 383 agreed to participate and complete the questionnaire (38.3% response rate). In almost a half of households (44.4%), expired medications were maintained. The amount of expired medications was 402 items, corresponding to 9.2% of total medications presented in surveyed households. The majority of expired medications (64.7%) was in solid dosage (tablets, capsules, granules, lozenges), following semisolid (ointments, creams, gel, suppositories) and liquid dosage forms (drops, syrups). Expired medications in the households belonged mostly to 3 categories: antimicrobials for systemic use (16.7%), dermatological preparation (15.9%) and medications for alimentary tract and metabolism (14.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed that there were relatively large quantities of expired medications in Serbian households, with a high prevalence of antibiotics for systemic use, anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products, and medications for alimentary tract and metabolism.
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Milica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paut Kusturica
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomas
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Zdenko
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tomic
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bukumiric
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corac
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Horvat
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabo
keywords: Serbia; drug wastage; expired medications; households