title: A practical guide for the identification of major sulcogyral structures of the human cortex.
abstract: The precise sulcogyral localization of cortical lesions is mandatory to improve communication between practitioners and to predict and prevent post-operative deficits. This process, which assumes a good knowledge of the cortex anatomy and a systematic analysis of images, is, nevertheless, sometimes neglected in the neurological and neurosurgical training. This didactic paper proposes a brief overview of the sulcogyral anatomy, using conventional MR-slices, and also reconstructions of the cortical surface after a more or less extended inflation process. This method simplifies the cortical anatomy by removing part of the cortical complexity induced by the folding process, and makes it more understandable. We then reviewed several methods for localizing cortical structures, and proposed a three-step identification: after localizing the lateral, medial or ventro-basal aspect of the hemisphere (step 1), the main interlobar sulci were located to limit the lobes (step 2). Finally, intralobar sulci and gyri were identified (step 3) thanks to the same set of rules. This paper does not propose any new identification method but should be regarded as a set of practical guidelines, useful in daily clinical practice, for detecting the main sulci and gyri of the human cortex.
authors.affiliation: Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm, Imagerie et cerveau UMR U930, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France. christophe.destrieux@univ-tours.fr.|CHRU de Tours, Tours, France. christophe.destrieux@univ-tours.fr.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5348-8052
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Destrieux
authors.affiliation: Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm, Imagerie et cerveau UMR U930, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.|CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Louis Marie
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Terrier
authors.affiliation: Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm, Imagerie et cerveau UMR U930, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.affiliation: Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm, Imagerie et cerveau UMR U930, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Love
authors.affiliation: Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm, Imagerie et cerveau UMR U930, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.|CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cottier
authors.affiliation: Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duvernoy
authors.affiliation: Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm, Imagerie et cerveau UMR U930, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.|CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Velut
authors.affiliation: Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm, Imagerie et cerveau UMR U930, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.|CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Janot
authors.affiliation: Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm, Imagerie et cerveau UMR U930, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.|CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Ilyess
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zemmoura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male
keywords: Anatomy; Cerebral cortex; Localization; MRI