title: Controlling Autolysis During Flagella Insertion in Gram-Negative Bacteria.
abstract: The flagellum is an important macromolecular machine for many pathogenic bacteria. It is a hetero-oligomeric structure comprised of three major sub-structures: basal body, hook and thin helical filament. An important step during flagellum assembly is the localized and controlled degradation of the peptidoglycan sacculus to allow for the insertion of the rod as well as to facilitate anchoring for proper motor function. The peptidoglycan lysis events require specialized lytic enzymes, β-N-acetylglucosaminidases and lytic transglycosylases, which differ in flagellated proteobacteria. Due to their autolytic activity, these enzymes need to be controlled in order to prevent cellular lysis. This review summarizes are current understanding of the peptidoglycan lysis events required for flagellum assembly and motility with a main focus on Gram-negative bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada.
authors.forename: Francesca A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Herlihey
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada. aclarke@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001433:Bacteriolysis / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005407:Flagella / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005810:Multigene Family; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000378:metabolism; D046928:Peptidoglycan Glycosyltransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C063010:MotA protein, Bacteria; C064779:MotB protein, Bacteria; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D046928:Peptidoglycan Glycosyltransferase; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase
keywords: Flagella; Lytic transglycosylases; Peptidoglycan; β-N-acetylglucosaminidases