title: Oreochromis mossambicus diet supplementation with Psidium guajava leaf extracts enhance growth, immune, antioxidant response and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila.
abstract: In this research, we focused on the efficacy of aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of Psidium guajava L. (guava) based experimental diets on the growth, immune, antioxidant and disease resistance of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus following challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. The experimental diets were prepared by mixing powdered (1, 5 and 10 mg/g) aqueous and ethanol extract of guava leaf with commercial diet. The growth (FW, FCR and SGR), non-specific cellular immune (myeloperoxidase activity, reactive oxygen activity and reactive nitrogen activity) humoral immune (complement activity, antiprotease, alkaline phosphatase activity and lysozyme activity) and antioxidant enzyme responses (SOD, GPX, and CAT) were examined after 30 days of post-feeding. A significant enhancement in the biochemical and immunological parameters of fish were observed fed with experimental diets compared to control. The dietary supplementation of P. guajava leaf extract powder for 30 days significantly reduced the mortality and increased the disease resistance of O. mossambicus following challenge with A. hydrophila at 50 μl (1 × 107cells ml-1) compared to control after post-infection. The results suggest that the guava leaf extract could be used as a promising feed additive in aquaculture.
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Narayanan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gobi
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Chinnu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramya
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: vaseeharanb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Baskaralingam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vaseeharan
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Balasubramanian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Malaikozhundan
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Sekar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vijayakumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore 632 115, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Kadarkarai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murugan
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benelli
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000502:physiology; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D060467:Disease Resistance; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D031647:Psidium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017210:Tilapia / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Antioxidant; Bacterial challenge; Fish; Growth performance; Immune function; Plant extract