title: Metabolic control of immune tolerance in health and autoimmunity.
abstract: The filed that links immunity and metabolism is rapidly expanding. The adipose tissue, by secreting a series of immune regulators called adipokines, represents the common mediator linking metabolic processes and immune system functions. The dysregulation of adipokine secretion, occurring in obese individuals or in conditions of malnutrition or dietary restriction, affects the activity of immune cells resulting in inflammatory autoimmune responses or increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. Alterations of cell metabolism that characterize several autoimmune diseases strongly support the idea that the immune tolerance is also regulated by metabolic pathways. The comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to control immune cell differentiation and function in conditions of autoimmunity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli 80131, Italy.
authors.forename: Fortunata
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli 80131, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: La Rocca
authors.affiliation: IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano 20138, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Candia
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli 80131, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Procaccini
authors.affiliation: Unità di NeuroImmunologia, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma 00143, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colamatteo
authors.affiliation: Unità di NeuroImmunologia, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma 00143, Italy.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Micillo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli 80131, Italy; Unità di NeuroImmunologia, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma 00143, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli 80131, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli 80131, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.matarese@unina.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matarese
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D015551:Autoimmunity; D004032:Diet; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007109:Immunity; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D050177:Overweight / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Autoimmune diseases; Immune tolerance; Malnutrition; Metabolism; Obesity