title: Mood disorders and biological rhythms in young adults: A large population-based study.
abstract: It is known that sleep disturbance has been considered a trait-marker of mood disorders. However, the role of disruptions in biological rhythms, such as eating, activity, and social patterns, needs to be better understood.
  
  
  
  To assess the differences in biological rhythms in subjects with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and healthy controls. We also tested the association between disruptions of biological rhythms and circadian preferences.
  
  
  
  A cross-sectional, population-based study with a representative sample of 1023 young adults. Bipolar disorder and depression were diagnosed using The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview - PLUS and DSM Structured Clinical Interview. Self-reported biological rhythms and circadian preference were assessed using the Biological Rhythm Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN).
  
  
  
  Bipolar disorders and depression subjects presented higher rates of disruption in biological rhythms when compared to healthy controls even after adjusting for sex, socioeconomic status, alcohol, tobacco, illicit drug use, anxiety disorder and psychotropic medication use. Euthymic subjects showed higher biological rhythm disruption when compared to controls. Higher disruption in biological rhythms was observed in subjects with evening preferences.
  
  
  
  Higher disruption in biological rhythms occurs in individuals with depression and bipolar disorder even on periods of euthymia.
authors.affiliation: Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, 373 Gonçalves Chaves, 416C, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thaíse Campos
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Mondin
authors.affiliation: Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, 373 Gonçalves Chaves, 416C, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Translational Psychiatry, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, 1941 East Road, BBSB 5102, Houston, TX, 77054, United States.
authors.forename: Taiane de Azevedo
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, 373 Gonçalves Chaves, 416C, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciano Dias de Mattos
authors.initials: LDM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, 373 Gonçalves Chaves, 416C, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Translational Psychiatry, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, 1941 East Road, BBSB 5102, Houston, TX, 77054, United States.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Translational Psychiatry, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, 1941 East Road, BBSB 5102, Houston, TX, 77054, United States; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Departamento de psiquiatria e medicina legal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Vieira
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: da Silva Magalhães
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Translational Psychiatry, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, 1941 East Road, BBSB 5102, Houston, TX, 77054, United States; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Departamento de psiquiatria e medicina legal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kapczinski
authors.affiliation: Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, 373 Gonçalves Chaves, 416C, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil. Electronic address: ricardo.as@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Ricardo Azevedo
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: da Silva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D057566:Self Report; D012890:Sleep; D012919:Social Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Biological rhythms; Bipolar disorder; Circadian preferences; Major depression; Mood disorders