title: Associations of smoking status with other lifestyle behaviors are modified by sex and occupational category among urban civil servants in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of current smoking with five other unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among urban civil servants in Japan according to sex and occupational category.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 10,232 urban civil servants in Japan who presented for a health check-up in 2011. We analyzed data on anthropometric measurements and self-reported lifestyle factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Current smokers had a higher BMI than never smokers in white-collar workers, but not in blue-collar workers of both sexes. There were strong associations of current smoking with irregular breakfasting regardless of sex and occupational category. In males, current smokers were less likely to take exercise than ex-smokers in both occupational categories.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The associations of current smoking with other unhealthy behaviors were modified by sex and occupational category. These results are useful for understanding the health risks among smokers according to sex and occupational category.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan. hgsbata@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higashibata
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.|Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamajima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Employee; Food habits; Health behavior; Lifestyle; Smoking