title: The Emulsified PFC Oxycyte®Improved Oxygen Content and Lung Injury Score in a Swine Model of Oleic Acid Lung Injury (OALI).
abstract: Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) can transport 50 times more oxygen than human plasma. Their properties may be advantageous in preservation of tissue viability in oxygen-deprived states, such as in acute lung injury. We hypothesized that an intravenous dose of the PFC emulsion Oxycyte®would improve tissue oxygenation and thereby mitigate the effects of acute lung injury.
  
  
  
  Intravenous oleic acid (OA) was used to induce lung injury in anesthetized and instrumented Yorkshire swine assigned to three experimental groups: (1) PFC post-OA received Oxycyte®(5 ml/kg) 45 min after oleic acid-induced lung injury (OALI); (2) PFC pre-OA received Oxycyte®45 min before OALI; and (3) Controls which received equivalent dose of normal saline. Animals were observed for 3 h after OALI began, and then euthanized.
  
  
  
  The median survival times for PFC post-OA, PFC pre-OA, and control were 240, 87.5, and 240 min, respectively (p = 0.001). Mean arterial pressure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure were both higher in the PFC post-OA (p < 0.001 for both parameters). Oxygen content was significantly different between PFC post-OA and the control (p = 0.001). Histopathological grading of lung injury indicated that edema and congestion was significantly less severe in the PFC post-OA compared to control (p = 0.001).
  
  
  
  The intravenous PFC Oxycyte®improves blood oxygen content and lung histology when used as a treatment after OALI, while Oxycyte®used prior to OALI was associated with increased mortality. Further exploration in other injury models is indicated.
authors.affiliation: NeuroTrauma Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-7500, USA. ashraful.haque.ctr@mail.mil.
authors.forename: Ashraful
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8766-1378
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haque
authors.affiliation: NeuroTrauma Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-7500, USA.|Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Anke H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Scultetus
authors.affiliation: NeuroTrauma Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-7500, USA.|Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Francoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arnaud
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-7500, USA.
authors.forename: Leonora J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Dickson
authors.affiliation: NeuroTrauma Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-7500, USA.|Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McNamee
authors.affiliation: NeuroTrauma Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-7500, USA.
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Auker
authors.affiliation: NeuroTrauma Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-7500, USA.|Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: McCarron
authors.affiliation: Undersea Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-7500, USA.
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Mahon
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium; D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000818:Animals; D062186:Arterial Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D019301:Oleic Acid; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; C000625925:perfluoro(t-butylcyclohexane); D019301:Oleic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Oleic acid (OA); Perfluorocarbon (PFC); Resuscitation and oleic acid-induced lung injury (OALI); Tissue oxygenation