title: Hierarchical porous nitrogen-rich carbon nanospheres with high and durable capabilities for lithium and sodium storage.
abstract: To improve the energy storage performance of carbon-based materials, considerable attention has been paid to the design and fabrication of novel carbon architectures with structural and chemical modifications. Herein, we report that hierarchical porous nitrogen-rich carbon (HPNC) nanospheres originating from acidic etching of metal carbide/carbon hybrid nanoarchitectures can be employed as high-performance anode materials for both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The structural advantages of HPNC nanospheres are that the exceptionally-high content of nitrogen (17.4 wt%) can provide abundant electroactive sites and enlarge the interlayer distance (∼3.5 Å) to improve the capacity, and the large amount of micropores and mesopores can serve as reservoirs for storing lithium/sodium ions. In LIBs, HPNC based anodes deliver a high reversible capacity of 1187 mA h g-1after 100 cycles at 100 mA g-1, a great rate performance of 470 mA h g-1at 5000 mA g-1, and outstanding cycling stabilities with a capacity of 788 mA h g-1after 500 cycles at 1000 mA g-1. In SIBs, HPNC based anodes exhibit a remarkable reversible capacity of 357 mA h g-1at 100 mA g-1and high long-term stability with a capacity of 136 mA h g-1after 500 cycles at 1000 mA g-1.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Lianbo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Renpeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Guoyin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Hongling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu and College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China.
authors.forename: Zuoxiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu and Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu