title: Cognitive, Emotional, Temperament, and Personality Trait Correlates of Suicidal Behavior.
abstract: Suicide is one of the leading causes of violent death in many countries and its prevention is included in worldwide health objectives. Currently, the DSM-5 considers suicidal behavior as an entity that requires further study. Among the three validators required for considering a psychiatric disorder, there is one based on psychological correlates, biological markers, and patterns of comorbidity. This review includes the most important and recent studies on psychological factors: cognitive, emotional, temperament, and personality correlates (unrelated to diagnostic criteria). We included classic factors related to suicidal behavior such as cognitive, inflexibility, problem-solving, coping, rumination, thought suppression, decision-making, autobiographical memory, working memory, language fluency, burdensomeness, belongingness, fearless, pain insensitivity, impulsiveness, aggressiveness, and hopelessness. The personality correlates reported are mainly based on the personality theories of Cloninger, Costa and McCrae, and Eysenck. Moreover, it explores conceptual links to other new pathways in psychological factors, emptiness, and psychological pain as a possible origin and common end path for a portion of suicidal behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, Seville, 41009, Spain. lginer@us.es.
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giner
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Hilario
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Blasco-Fontecilla
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Salud Mental Comunitaria de Sevilla. Area Sanitaria Hospital Virgen Macarena, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De La Vega
authors.affiliation: CHRU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM unit 1061, Montpellier, France.|Fondamental Foundation, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Courtet
mesh_terms: D003071:Cognition; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology*; D013694:Temperament
keywords: Burdensomeness; Cognitive; Coping; Emptiness; Impulsive; Memory; Mental pain; Psychological; Suicidal behavior; Suicide