title: Joint toxicity of cadmium and SDBS on Daphnia magna and Danio rerio.
abstract: Information on joint toxicity is limited. To clarify the joint toxicity and the interactions among toxicants on different aquatic organisms, we investigated the acute toxicity of cadmium and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, two chemicals with high concerns in Chinese waters, on the immobilization of Daphnia magna (D. magna) and the swimming behavior of Danio rerio (D. rerio). Our results illustrated that cadmium and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate expressed a synergistic effect on the immobilization of D. magna; and an antagonistic effect on the swimming speed D. rerio, but a synergistic effect on its vertical position in the water column. Based on the observed data, we found the independent action model was more appropriate than the concentration addition model in the prediction of their joint toxicity. Our results gave an example of the joint toxicity investigation, and aided to comprehensive the toxicity action mode of chemical mixtures.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. yzhang@dlut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Xie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Quan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000633:toxicity*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D003621:Daphnia; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; C001114:dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid
keywords: Action mode, Independent action (IA) model; Behavior toxicity; Cadmium (Cd); Concentration addition (CA) model; Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS)