title: Developing an instrument to self-evaluate the Discharge Planning of Ward Nurses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop the Discharge Planning of Ward Nurses (DPWN), a Japanese self-evaluation instrument for ward nurses' discharge planning practices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 624 ward nurses from six hospitals in Japan with a discharge planning department. Items about discharge planning practices were collected from literature and interviews with nurses and researchers. Construct validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initially, 55 items were collected. Examination of the floor effect, item-total, good-poor analyses and exploratory factor analysis yielded a four-factor model with 24 items ('teaching home-care skills with community/hospital professionals,' 'identifying clients' potential needs early in the discharge process,' 'introducing social resources' and 'identifying client/family wishes and building consensus for discharge'). The four-factor structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. The DPWN correlated with scales ascertaining similar concepts, supporting concurrent validity. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were generally satisfactory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontological Nursing School of Nursing Tokyo Women's Medical University 8-1 Kawada-cho Shinjyuku-ward Tokyo 162-8666 Japan.
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Nursing/Palliative Care Nursing Division of Health Sciences and Nursing Graduate School of Medicine the University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto-Mitani
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Nursing/Palliative Care Nursing Division of Health Sciences and Nursing Graduate School of Medicine the University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan.
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Care Management Graduate School of Health Care Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1-5-45, Yushima Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-8591 Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukahori
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontological Nursing and Care System Development Graduate School of Health Care Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1-5-45, Yushima Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-8591 Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogata
keywords: Discharge planning; Japan; instrument development; psychometric testing; ward nurses