title: Acute and Chronic Cardiovascular Effects of Hyperkalemia: New Insights Into Prevention and Clinical Management.
abstract: Hyperkalemia is a common electrolyte disorder associated with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and increased mortality. Patients at greatest risk for hyperkalemia include those with diabetes and those with impaired renal function in whom a defect in the excretion of renal potassium may already exist. Hyperkalemia is likely to become more common clinically because angiotensin receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are increasingly being used in higher doses and are thought to confer cardiovascular and renal protection. Until recently, options for treating hyperkalemia were limited to the use of thiazide and loop diuretics and sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Newer options such as sodium zirconium cyclosilicate will allow for the safe and effective treatment of hyperkalemia while maintaining patients on prescribed renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Sandeep K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Norman E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Lepor
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015897:Comorbidity; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006947:Hyperkalemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011108:Polymers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D017640:Silicates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D015415:Biomarkers; D011108:Polymers; D017640:Silicates; C568789:patiromer; C000597310:sodium zirconium cyclosilicate; D011188:Potassium