title: Understanding the Intersection of Young Age, Mucosal Injury, and HIV Susceptibility.
abstract: Adolescent boys and girls are disproportionately affected in the current HIV epidemic. Numerous sociobehavioral studies have addressed the indirect drivers surrounding this vulnerability-for example, socioeconomic, geographical locale, and all forms of violence. However, the direct factors that may influence infection, such as the anatomical and physiological maturation of the anogenital tracts of adolescents or the trauma and wound-healing processes of injured mucosal tissue, are understudied and represent a gap within the HIV prevention field. This article reviews the epidemiology of HIV infection and violence in adolescents and the available basic science knowledge attending this research area. More importantly, this review highlights the most critical gaps that need to be addressed to design preventive interventions that are safe and effective for this population, which is key to ending the HIV pandemic.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Kristen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Turpin
authors.affiliation: 2 Office of Research on Women's Health, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Begg
authors.affiliation: 3 Office of AIDS Research, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: 4 Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Nahida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chakhtoura
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Church
authors.affiliation: 5 Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.affiliation: 6 Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College , Hanover, New Hampshire.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wira
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Fulvia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Veronese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000293:injuries*; D012742:Sex Offenses; D014945:Wound Healing; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HIV; HIV prevention; HIV transmission; HIV/AIDS pathogenesis; mucosal