title: Plasma Copeptin, Kidney Outcomes, Ischemic Heart Disease, and All-Cause Mortality in People With Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes.
abstract: Plasma copeptin, a surrogate for vasopressin, has been associated with a decline in renal function and albuminuria in population-based studies as well as with progression of diabetic nephropathy in people with type 2 diabetes. We assessed the risk of kidney and coronary events and all-cause mortality associated with plasma copeptin in people with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  
  Plasma copeptin was measured in baseline samples of the GENEDIAB (n = 398; 56% male; mean ± SD age 45 ± 12 years and diabetes duration 28 ± 10 years) and GENESIS (n = 588; 52% male; age 42 ± 11 years; diabetes duration 27 ± 9 years) cohorts. Follow-up data were available for 218 GENEDIAB and 518 GENESIS participants. Median duration of follow-up was 10.2 and 5.0 years, respectively.
  
  
  
  Upper sex-specific tertiles of copeptin were associated with a higher incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] for third vs. first tertile 26.5 [95% CI 8.0-163.3; P < 0.0001]; analysis in pooled cohorts adjusted for age, sex, duration of diabetes, and cohort membership). The highest tertile of copeptin was also associated with incidence of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization (HR 2.2 [95% CI 1.2-4.0]; P = 0.01) and all-cause mortality (HR 3.3 [95% CI 1.8-6.5]; P < 0.0001) during follow-up.
  
  
  
  Plasma copeptin is a predictor for the risk of ESRD, coronary heart disease, and all-cause mortality in people with type 1 diabetes. Results are consistent with data from experimental and epidemiological studies, suggesting that high circulating levels of vasopressin are deleterious to renal function.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France gilberto.velho@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Velho
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: El Boustany
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Est Parisien-Tenon, Service de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lefèvre
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.|Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, DHU FIRE, Départment de Diabétologie, Endocrinologie et Nutrition, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohammedi
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.|Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fumeron
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.|Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, DHU FIRE, Départment de Diabétologie, Endocrinologie et Nutrition, Paris, France.|Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Potier
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bankir
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bouby
authors.affiliation: Départment de Endocrinologie et Diabétologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.|INSERM, Unité de Recherche 1082, Poitiers, France.|INSERM, CIC 1402, Poitiers, France.|Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine et Pharmacie, Poitiers, France.
authors.forename: Samy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hadjadj
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.|Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, DHU FIRE, Départment de Diabétologie, Endocrinologie et Nutrition, Paris, France.|Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marre
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.|Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, DHU FIRE, Départment de Diabétologie, Endocrinologie et Nutrition, Paris, France.|Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Ronan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roussel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D002423:Cause of Death; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006020:Glycopeptides; C048197:copeptins