title: Microscale mechanical and mineral heterogeneity of human cortical bone governs osteoclast activity.
abstract: Human cortical bone permanently remodels itself resulting in a haversian microstructure with heterogeneous mechanical and mineral properties. Remodeling is carried out by a subtle equilibrium between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone degradation by osteoclasts. The mechanisms regulating osteoclast activity were studied using easy access supports whose homogeneous microstructures differ from human bone microstructure. In the current study, we show that human osteoclasts resorb human cortical bone non-randomly with respect to this specific human bone microstructural heterogeneity. The characterization of this new resorption profile demonstrates that osteoclasts preferentially resorb particular osteons that have weak mechanical properties and mineral contents and that contain small hydroxyapatite crystals with a high carbonate content. Therefore, the influence of human bone microstructure heterogeneity on osteoclast activity could be a key parameter for osteoclast behaviour, for both in vitro and clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France; Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon UMR5242, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pernelle
authors.affiliation: LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France; Mineralized Tissues Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Imbert
authors.affiliation: LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bosser
authors.affiliation: LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France; Département de l'Orthopédie pédiatrique, Necker-Hopital des enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris Descartes, 145 rue de Sèvres, 75014 Paris, France.
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Auregan
authors.affiliation: LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cruel
authors.affiliation: LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogier
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon UMR5242, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jurdic
authors.affiliation: LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France. Electronic address: thierry.hoc@ec-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology; D002417:Cattle; D000071538:Cortical Bone / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals
keywords: Biomechanics; Matrix mineralization; Nano indentation; Osteoclasts; Raman spectroscopy