title: KoreanCurcuma longa L. induces lipolysis and regulates leptin in adipocyte cells and rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has been reported to have many biological functions including anti-obesity. Leptin, peptide hormone produced by adipocytes and its concentration is increased in proportion to the amount of the adipocytes. In the present study, we examined the effects of Korean turmeric on the regulation of adiposity and leptin levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and rats fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Leptin secretion, free fatty acid and glycerol contents in 3T3-L1 adipocytes were measured after incubation of cells with turmeric for 24 hours. Rats were divided into four experimental groups: a normal diet group (N), a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet group (HF), a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet group supplemented with 2.5% turmeric extracts (TPA group) and a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet group supplemented with 5% turmeric extracts (TPB group). Serum samples were used for the measurement of leptin concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contents of free fatty acid and glycerol showed concentration dependent increase in response to turmeric extracts. Effects of turmeric extracts on reduction of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells were examined by Oil Red O staining. Treatment with turmeric extracts resulted in increased expression levels of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase mRNA. The concentration of leptin from 3T3-L1 adipocytes was significantly decreased by turmeric. Proportional abdominal and epididymal fats weights of the turmeric 5% supplemented group, TPB has significantly decreased compared to the HF group. The serum levels of leptin in the TPA and TPB groups were significantly lower than those of the HF group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these results, we suggested that Korean turmeric may contribute to the decreasing of body fat and regulating leptin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, International University of Korea, 965, Dongbu-ro, Munsan-eup, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52833, Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Yeong
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, International University of Korea, 965, Dongbu-ro, Munsan-eup, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52833, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Turmeric; curcumin; free fatty acid; glycerol; leptin