title: Lipid Mediators in Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.
abstract: Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a syndrome of severe asthma and rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis with exacerbations of baseline eosinophil-driven and mast cell-driven inflammation after nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug ingestion. Although the underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood, dysregulation of the cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism is thought to be key. Central features of AERD pathogenesis are overproduction of proinflammatory and bronchoconstrictor cysteinyl leukotrienes and prostaglandin (PG) D2and inhibition of bronchoprotective and antiinflammatory PGE2. Imbalance in the ratio of these lipid mediators likely leads to the increased eosinophilic and mast cell inflammatory responses in the respiratory tract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, UW Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109-4766, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, UW Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109-4766, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ayars
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, UW Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109-4766, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Altman
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, UW Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109-4766, USA. Electronic address: wrhchem@uw.edu.
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Henderson
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015289:Leukotrienes / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D018077:Receptors, Leukotriene / Q000378:metabolism; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D015289:Leukotrienes; D018077:Receptors, Leukotriene; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: 5-LO (5-lipoxygenase); AA (arachidonic acid); AERD (aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease); Asthma; COX (cyclooxygenase); Leukotriene; NSAID (nonsteroidal inflammatory drug); Prostaglandin