title: Efficacy of PIVKA-II in prediction and early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a nested case-control study in Chinese patients.
abstract: Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unsatisfying due to a lack of early detecting methods. Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) has been proved to be an efficient biomarker for HCC. However, the predicting efficacy of PIVKA-II has barely been reported. In the Hepatitis Biobank of Southwest Hospital (HBS) cohort at Southwest Hospital, we did a two-stage nested case-control study. Totally, 45 HCC cases versus 138 matched controls were enrolled to compare levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP) and PIVKA-II in sequential sera at -12, -9, -6, -3 and 0 months before imaging diagnosis. Levels of both PIVKA-II and AFP in HCC cases elevated significantly at all time points compared with controls. In validation stage, the sensitivity and specificity of PIVKA-II at baseline were 58.3% and 92.6%, and AFP were 75.0% and 91.7%. AFP-/PIVKA-II+ patients covered 27.4%, 29.4% and 19.6% at M-12, M-6 and M-0, respectively, while AFP+/PIVKA-II- patients covered 25.5%, 19.6% and 17.7%, respectively. Both PIVKA-II and AFP have the potential for HCC prediction, while PIVKA-II has a better positive rate than AFP before diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Rentao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoxia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Haoliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.|Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Guohong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*; D011516:Prothrombin; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C097353:AFP protein, human; D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011498:Protein Precursors; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; C008208:acarboxyprothrombin; D011516:Prothrombin