title: [Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications of transcranial color-coded duplex sonography in acute ischemic stroke: TIBI and COGIF scores validation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the information provided by transcranial color-coded duplex (TCCD) sonography for therapeutic decision-making in patients with acute ischemic stroke and to analyze the relationship between TCCD findings and the severity and prognosis of stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  TCCD performed within the six first hours after an acute ischemic stroke were analyzed in our institution. The presence of an arterial occlusion and its location were collected using TIBI (Thrombolysis in Brain Ischemia) and COGIF (Consensus on Grading Intracranial Flow Obstruction) criteria. Arterial recanalization within 24 hours after stroke was determined using TIBI and COGIF criteria. Favorable functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale from 0 to 2 at three months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TCCD was performed in 104 patients, 85 were treated with intravenous thrombolysis. Arterial occlusion was detected in 79.8% of patients. The detection of arterial occlusion with TCCD allowed the selection for endovascular treatment in 23.1% of patients. Arterial occlusion was associated with a higher severity of stroke. Recanalization was detected in 44.1% using TIBI and 45.8% according to COGIF criteria. 80.8% of recanalized patients and only 39.5% of not recanalized had a favorable functional outcome at three months. Recanalization rate depended on the location of arterial occlusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TCCD is a useful technique for the detection and location of arterial occlusion. It provides valuable prognostic information and allows selecting patients for endovascular recanalizing therapies. TIBI and COGIF scores provide a comparable information.
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sobrino-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Pastor
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Arratibel
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dominguez-Rubio
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Cruz
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Iglesias-Mohedano
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Diaz-Otero
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Alen
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Bullido
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Villanueva-Osorio
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil-Nunez
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
chemical_list: D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator