title: Adjuvant Sunitinib in High-Risk Renal-Cell Carcinoma after Nephrectomy.
abstract: Sunitinib, a vascular endothelial growth factor pathway inhibitor, is an effective treatment for metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. We sought to determine the efficacy and safety of sunitinib in patients with locoregional renal-cell carcinoma at high risk for tumor recurrence after nephrectomy.
  
  
  
  In this randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial, we assigned 615 patients with locoregional, high-risk clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma to receive either sunitinib (50 mg per day) or placebo on a 4-weeks-on, 2-weeks-off schedule for 1 year or until disease recurrence, unacceptable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. The primary end point was disease-free survival, according to blinded independent central review. Secondary end points included investigator-assessed disease-free survival, overall survival, and safety.
  
  
  
  The median duration of disease-free survival was 6.8 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.8 to not reached) in the sunitinib group and 5.6 years (95% CI, 3.8 to 6.6) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.98; P=0.03). Overall survival data were not mature at the time of data cutoff. Dose reductions because of adverse events were more frequent in the sunitinib group than in the placebo group (34.3% vs. 2%), as were dose interruptions (46.4% vs. 13.2%) and discontinuations (28.1% vs. 5.6%). Grade 3 or 4 adverse events were more frequent in the sunitinib group (48.4% for grade 3 events and 12.1% for grade 4 events) than in the placebo group (15.8% and 3.6%, respectively). There was a similar incidence of serious adverse events in the two groups (21.9% for sunitinib vs. 17.1% for placebo); no deaths were attributed to toxic effects.
  
  
  
  Among patients with locoregional clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma at high risk for tumor recurrence after nephrectomy, the median duration of disease-free survival was significantly longer in the sunitinib group than in the placebo group, at a cost of a higher rate of toxic events. (Funded by Pfizer; S-TRAC ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00375674 .).
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravaud
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Motzer
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Hardev S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Pandha
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Allan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pantuck
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Anup
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Yen-Hwa
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Escudier
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Frede
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Donskov
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magheli
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carteni
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laguerre
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tomczak
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Breza
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gerletti
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Mariajose
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lechuga
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Krishnan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramaswamy
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Staehler
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Oncology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux (A.R.), Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif (B.E.), Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes (B.L.), and Department of Urology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre (J.-J.P.) - all in France; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.J.M.), and Pfizer (K.R.) - both in New York; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom (H.S.P.); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (D.J.G.); Department of Urology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (A.J.P.), and Pfizer, La Jolla (X.L., J.-F.M.) - both in California; Spire Roding Hospital, London (A.P.); Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-H.C.); Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (A.M.), and Department of Urology, University Hospital of Munich, Munich (M.S.) - both in Germany; Divisions of Oncology and Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy (G.C.); Klinika Onkologii Oddzial Chemioterapii, Poznan, Poland (P.T.); Department of Urology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia (J.B.); and Pfizer, Milan (P.G., M.L.), and Collegeville, PA (M.C.).
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Patard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000077210:Sunitinib; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D000077210:Sunitinib