title: TRPA1 receptor is upregulated in human oral lichen planus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology with antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a non-selective cation channel activated by noxious stimuli such as oxidative stress products evoking pain and release of proinflammatory mediators from sensory nerve endings culminating in neurogenic inflammation. Extraneuronal TRPA1s, for example, on immune cells possess yet unknown functions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the buccal mRNA expression (qPCR) and protein localization (immunohistochemistry) of TRPA1 receptors and key OLP mediator transcripts in oral mucosa samples of healthy volunteers (n = 9), OLP patients (n = 43), and OLP-like hyperkeratotic patients (n = 12).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We measured 27.7- and 25.5-fold TRPA1 mRNA increase in OLP and OLP-like hyperkeratotic patients compared to healthy controls. TRPA1 transcripts elevated 2.4-fold in hypertensive OLP but not in hyperkeratotic patients compared to counterparts, reduced by 1.6-fold by angiotensin-convertase inhibitor intake. TRPA1 messenger RNA was more coexpressed with transcripts of tumor necrosis factor α than with interferon γ. Keratinocytes, macrophages but not T cells expressed TRPA1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We provided evidence for the extraneuronal presence and upregulation of the proinflammatory TRPA1 receptor in buccal samples of patients with OLP. This may implicate the ion channel in the pathomechanism of OLP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.|Molecular Pharmacology Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary.|MTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research Group, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perkecz
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Knie
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sétáló
authors.affiliation: Oral Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tornóczki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.|Molecular Pharmacology Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pintér
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Á
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Bán
mesh_terms: D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics; D007642:Keratosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; C473350:TRPA1 protein, human; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: 
  qPCR
  ; ACE inhibitor; angiotensin II; hypertension; immunohistochemistry; oral lichen planus; transient receptor potential ankyrin 1; tumor necrosis factor α