title: Emerging Concern from Short-Term Textile Leaching: A Preliminary Ecotoxicological Survey.
abstract: Textile dyes and their residues gained growing attention worldwide. Textile industry is a strong water consumer potentially releasing xenobiotics from washing and rinsing procedures during finishing processes. On a decentralised basis, also final consumers generate textile waste streams. Thus, a procedure simulating home washing with tap water screened cotton textiles leachates (n = 28) considering physico-chemical (COD, BOD5, and UV absorbance) and ecotoxicological data (Daphnia magna, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Lepidium sativum). Results evidenced that: (i) leachates presented low biodegradability levels; (ii) toxicity in more than half leachates presented slight acute or acute effects; (iii) the remaining leachates presented "no effect" suggesting the use of green dyes/additives, and/or well established finishing processes; (iv) no specific correlations were found between traditional physico-chemical and ecotoxicological data. Further investigations will be necessary to identify textile residues, and their potential interactions with simulated human sweat in order to evidence potential adverse effects on human health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084, Salerno, Italy.|Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, University of Napoli "Federico II", Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lofrano
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Cà Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venice-Mestre, Italy. giovanni.libralato@unive.it.|Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126, Naples, Italy. giovanni.libralato@unive.it.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Libralato
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084, Salerno, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carotenuto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guida
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inglese
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siciliano
authors.affiliation: Çorlu Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Namik Kemal University, Çorlu, 59860, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meriç
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D032561:Cotton Fiber; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D031220:Lepidium sativum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013783:Textile Industry; D013997:Time Factors; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Cotton; Dye; Ecotoxicity; Leachate; Textile