title: Systemic and local zoledronic acid treatment with hydroxyapatite bone graft: A histological and histomorphometric experimental study.
abstract: In this study, the aim was to compare the relative efficacy of systemic and local zoledronic acid (ZA) on a hydroxyapatite (HA) bone graft in a rat critical-size calvarial bone defect. In total, 84 female rats were divided into four groups: Empty control (EC) group with no treatment applied; HA group, in which only HA bone graft material was used in the calvarium; and HA plus local ZA (HA+LZA) and HA plus systemic ZA (HA+SZA) groups, in which animals received ZA locally or systemically, respectively, with HA bone graft material in the calvarium. A 5-mm standardised critical-size calvarial bone defect was created with a standard trephine drill and the respective treatment was applied. Rats were sacrificed 7, 14 and 28 days later. The numbers of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and degree of bone formation were evaluated histopathologically and histomorphometrically. Statistically significant differences were detected between the HA, HA+LZA and HA+SZA groups and the EC group for new bone formation (P<0.05). Osteoblast numbers in the HA+LZA and HA+SZA groups were significantly higher compared with those in the EC and HA groups (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was detected between the HA+LZA and HA+SZA groups in new bone formation or osteoblast number (P>0.05). Bone formation was significantly higher in the HA group than in the EC group (P<0.05). The numbers of osteoclasts in the HA+LZA and HA+SZA groups were significantly higher than those in the groups EC and HA (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between groups HA+LZA and HA+SZA (P>0.05). Within the limitations of this study, systemic or local administration of ZA enhanced new bone formation with a HA bone graft in a rat critical-size calvarial defect model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nedim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Günes
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dundar
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, Periodontists, 01220 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saybak
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gökhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Artas
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Izzet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Acikan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey.
authors.forename: I Hanifi
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Ozercan
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, 27260 Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serhat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atilgan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yaman
keywords: critical-sized defect; hydroxyapatite bone graft; rat calvarium; zoledronic acid