title: Classification of dystonia in childhood.
abstract: The most recent international consensus update on dystonia classification proposed a system based on 2 axes, clinical characteristics and aetiology. We aimed to apply this system to Children and Young People (CAYP) selected for movement disorder surgery, and determine if meaningful groupings of cases could be extracted.
  
  
  
  The 2013 Consensus Committee classification system for dystonia was retrospectively applied to 145 CAYP with dystonic movement disorders. Two-step cluster analysis was applied to the resulting categorisations to identify groupings of CAYP with similar characteristics.
  
  
  
  Classification resulted in a total of 43 unique groupings of categorisation. Cluster analysis detected 4 main clusters of CAYP, comparable to previously used patient groupings.
  
  
  
  The 2013 consensus update on dystonia classification can be applied to CAYP with dystonia. The large number of categories provides a wealth of information for the clinician, and also facilitates data driven grouping into clinically meaningful subgroups.
authors.affiliation: Complex Motor Disorders Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Electronic address: daniel.lumsden@gstt.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Lumsden
authors.affiliation: Complex Motor Disorders Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
authors.forename: Hortensia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gimeno
authors.affiliation: Complex Motor Disorders Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004421:Dystonia / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Childhood; Classification; Dystonia