title: Nomenclature for renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury: basic principles.
abstract: This article reports the conclusions of a consensus expert conference on the basic principles and nomenclature of renal replacement therapy (RRT) currently utilized to manage acute kidney injury (AKI). This multidisciplinary consensus conference discusses common definitions, components, techniques, and operations of the machines and platforms used to deliver extracorporeal therapies, utilizing a "machine-centric" rather than a "patient-centric" approach. We provide a detailed description of the performance characteristics of membranes, filters, transmembrane transport of solutes and fluid, flows, and methods of measurement of delivered treatment, focusing on continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT) which are utilized in the management of critically ill patients with AKI. This is a consensus report on nomenclature harmonization for principles of extracorporeal renal replacement therapies. Devices and operations are classified and defined in detail to serve as guidelines for future use of terminology in papers and research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Viale Rodolfi 37, Vicenza, 36100, Italy.|Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Viale Rodolfi 37, Vicenza, 36100, Italy.|Department of Health Sciences, Section of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Viale Rodolfi 37, Vicenza, 36100, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garzotto
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bagshaw
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Rinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bellomo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12209, USA.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cerda
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Viale Rodolfi 37, Vicenza, 36100, Italy.
authors.forename: Fiorenza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Viale Rodolfi 37, Vicenza, 36100, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guggia
authors.affiliation: Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joannidis
authors.affiliation: Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kellum
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Jeong Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Ravindra L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Zaccaria
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.affiliation: Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trevisani
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marafon
authors.affiliation: Purdue University College of Engineering, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Viale Rodolfi 37, Vicenza, 36100, Italy. cronco@goldnet.it.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ronco
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000145:classification* / Q000628:therapy*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000145:classification / Q000379:methods; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000145:classification* / Q000379:methods; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000145:classification / Q000379:methods
keywords: CRRT efficiency; CRRT membranes; CRRT modalities; Clearance; Convection; Diffusion; Dose; Terminology; Transmembrane pressure; Ultrafiltration