title: The disappearance rate and risk assessment of thiacloprid residues in Asian pear using liquid chromatography confirmed with tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: This study was undertaken to quantify the residue levels and propose the dissipation kinetics of thiacloprid formulated as suspension concentrate in field-incurred Asian pears grown under two different open-field conditions. Samples were extracted with 20% distilled water in acetonitrile; partitioned with brine water and dichloromethane; and purified with a Florisil solid phase extraction cartridge. The analyte was identified with an LC ultraviolet detector, and field-incurred samples were confirmed using LC-MS/MS. The calibration curve was linear over the range 0.05-5.0 mg/L with a satisfactory coefficient of determination (R2= 0.9994). The limits of detection and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.003 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. The recovery rate fortified to blank samples at LOQ, 10× LOQ, and the maximum residue limit (MRL) were between 73.7 and 86.2% with relative standard deviation ≤9.0%. The residual concentrations at both sites were considerably lower than the MRL (0.7 mg/kg) set by the Korean Ministry of Food Drug Safety, with biological half-lives of 5.0 and 7.4 days, for sites 1 and 2, respectively. From the pre-harvest residue limit curve, it was predicted that if the residues were <1.13 or 1.40 mg/kg 10 days before harvest, the residue level would be lower than the MRL during harvest. Risk assessment on day 0 showed an acceptable daily intake (%) of 13.0% and 11.0% for sites 1 and site 2, respectively, which indicates that the residual amounts are not hazardous to the Korean population.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Md Humayun
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kabir
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abd El-Aty
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Md Musfiqur
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Heui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Lieu T B
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kang-Bong
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Ra
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D007700:Kinetics; D057230:Limit of Detection; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000032:analysis*; D031989:Pyrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013843:Thiazines / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011725:Pyridines; D013843:Thiazines; C417209:thiacloprid
keywords: Asian pear; LC-UVD; PHRL; dissipation kinetic; risk assessment; thiacloprid