title: Second-language learning effects on automaticity of speech processing of Japanese phonetic contrasts: An MEG study.
abstract: We examined discrimination of a second-language (L2) vowel duration contrast in English learners of Japanese (JP) with different amounts of experience using the magnetoencephalography mismatch field (MMF) component. Twelve L2 learners were tested before and after a second semester of college-level JP; half attended a regular rate course and half an accelerated course with more hours per week. Results showed no significant change in MMF for either the regular or accelerated learning group from beginning to end of the course. We also compared these groups against nine L2 learners who had completed four semesters of college-level JP. These 4-semester learners did not significantly differ from 2-semester learners, in that only a difference in hemisphere activation (interacting with time) between the two groups approached significance. These findings suggest that targeted training of L2 phonology may be necessary to allow for changes in processing of L2 speech contrasts at an early, automatic level.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; The City University of New York-Graduate School and University Center, PhD. Program in Speech and Hearing Sciences, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016-4309, United States. Electronic address: hisagi@mit.edu.
authors.forename: Miwako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hisagi
authors.affiliation: The City University of New York-Graduate School and University Center, PhD. Program in Speech and Hearing Sciences, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016-4309, United States.
authors.forename: Valerie L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyagawa
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
authors.forename: Hadas
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kotek
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pantazis
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007807:Language Tests; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D019303:Multilingualism; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D010700:Phonetics; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Event-related potentials (ERPs); Japanese phonology; Mismatch field (MMF); Mismatch negativity (MMN); Primary auditory cortex; Speech perception, Speech discrimination