title: Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in two rat models of polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are two to three times higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the mechanism of increased AMH levels in PCOS remains unclear. The purpose of our experiment was to investigate a change in AMH levels in two kinds of commonly used rat models and to determine an ideal model for future research of AMH in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were treated using two modeling methods: implantation of a levonorgestrel silastic implant or injection with sodium prasterone sulfate plus human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Rats in the control group were implanted with a blank silastic stick. Serum steroid concentrations, ovarian morphology and ovarian expression of AMH and AMH-receptor II (RII) proteins were determined and their correlations were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results from the levonorgestrel and hCG group were closer to those displayed by human PCOS patients than the sodium prasterone sulfate and hCG group. Ovarian local expression of AMH and AMH-RII was increased in these both models compared with the control group; however, an elevation of serum AMH concentration was not observed (12.53 ± 0.99 ng/ml and 13.22 ± 1.09 ng/ml vs 16.30 ± 0.98 ng/ml).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The levonorgestrel and hCG model is more suitable for the study of PCOS in puberty.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.|Department of Gynecology, OB/GYN Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Dan-Feng
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.|Department of Gynecology, OB/GYN Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Lian
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.|Department of Gynecology, OB/GYN Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Sai-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; C084621:anti-Mullerian hormone receptor; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D016912:Levonorgestrel; C013830:baysilon; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone
keywords: anti-Müllerian hormone; polycystic ovary syndrome; rat model