title: Variations in Essential Oil Compositions of Lavandula pubescens (Lamiaceae) Aerial Parts Growing Wild in Yemen.
abstract: Lavandula pubescens Decne. is one of five Lavandula species growing wild in Yemen. The plant is used in Yemeni traditional medicine, and the essential oil tends to be rich in carvacrol. In this work, L. pubescens was collected from eight different locations in Yemen, the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation, and the oils analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to differentiate between the L. pubescens samples. The essential oils were rich in carvacrol (60.9 - 77.5%), with lesser concentrations of carvacrol methyl ether (4.0 - 11.4%), caryophyllene oxide (2.1 - 6.9%), and terpinolene (0.6 - 9.2%). The essential oil compositions in this study showed very high similarity, but it was possible to discern two separate groups based on minor components, in particular the concentrations of terpinolene, carvacrol methyl ether, m-cymen-8-ol, and caryophyllene oxide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemistry of Natural Product, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.
authors.forename: Rowaida N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Al-Badani
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA.|Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joyce Kelly R
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA.
authors.forename: William N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Setzer
authors.affiliation: Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Albaha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia.|Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
authors.forename: Nasser A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Awadh Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
authors.forename: Bushra A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Muharam
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmed J A
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Al-Fahad
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D000081007:Cymenes; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015006:Yemen
chemical_list: D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; C073316:carvacrol
keywords: Carvacrol; Cluster analysis; Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; Principal component analysis