title: Effects of Cd- and Pb-resistant endophytic fungi on growth and phytoextraction of Brassica napus in metal-contaminated soils.
abstract: Metal-resistant endophytic fungi from roots improved phytoremediation efficacy of host plants; however, the effects of endophytic fungi from plant aerial parts on host plants are unknown. The aim of this study was to develop a feasible method to screen fungal endophytes from stems and roots of Brassica napus and to investigate effects of the endophytic fungi on growth and phytoremediation efficiency of the plant. Endophytic Fusarium sp. CBRF44, Penicillium sp. CBRF65, and Alternaria sp. CBSF68 with different traits were isolated from roots and stems of rapes grown in a metal-contaminated soil. Fusarium sp. CBRF44 (resistant to 5 mM Cd and 15 mM Pb, isolated from roots) and Alternaria sp. CBSF68 (resistant to 1 mM Cd and 10 mM Pb, isolated from stems) could produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore; Penicillium sp. CBRF65 (tolerate 2 mM Cd and 20 mM Pb, isolated from roots) could not produce IAA and siderophore but showed the highest phosphate-solubilizing activities. Fusarium sp. CBRF44 and Penicillium sp. CBRF65 significantly increased the rape biomass and promoted the extraction efficacy of Pb and Cd, while Alternaria sp. CBSF68 did not show similar results. Penicillium sp. CBRF65 and Fusarium sp. CBRF44 could be frequently recovered from inoculated rape roots, while Alternaria sp. CBSF68 was scarcely recovered. The results indicate that the colonizing capacity of endophytic fungi in roots is important to improve phytoremediation efficacy of host plants.
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huarong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lixiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Renduo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zaichao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhuoya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. dengzujun66@163.com.
authors.forename: Zujun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000528:Alternaria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D029688:Brassica napus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D007854:Lead / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D010407:Penicillium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; C030737:indoleacetic acid
keywords: Endophytic fungi; Multi-metal contaminated soils; Phytoremediation; The colonizing capacity