title: Human brucellosis in France in the 21st century: Results from national surveillance 2004-2013.
abstract: Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease mainly transmitted to humans by ruminants. In France, brucellosis has disappeared from ruminants herds. Human brucellosis surveillance is performed through mandatory notification and the national reference center.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the results of human brucellosis surveillance from 2004 to 2013 with regards to epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 250 cases were notified, making an annual incidence of 0.3 cases per million inhabitants. Brucella melitensis biovar 3 was the most frequently identified bacterium (79% of isolated strains). In total, 213 (85%) cases had been contaminated abroad in endemic countries. In 2012, an episode of re-emergence of brucellosis in cattle occurred in Haute-Savoie, in the French Alps, and was responsible for 2 human cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brucellosis has become a disease of travelers in France. However, maintaining a stringent epidemiological surveillance is necessary to be able to early detect any local re-emergence in humans or animals. The multidisciplinary surveillance was implemented in France years ago and is a successful example of the One Health Concept.
authors.affiliation: Santé publique France, French Public Health Agency, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France. Electronic address: alexandra.mailles@santepubliquefrance.fr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mailles
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Garin-Bastuji
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Caremeau, Department of Microbiology, 30000 Nîmes, France; University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, 30000 Nîmes, France.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jay
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Caremeau, Department of Microbiology, 30000 Nîmes, France; University Hospital Caremeau, Department of Infectious Diseases, 30000 Nîmes, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sotto
authors.affiliation: University Hospital and University, 38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maurin
authors.affiliation: University Hospital and University, 38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pelloux
authors.affiliation: University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, 30000 Nîmes, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mick
authors.affiliation: Santé publique France, French Public Health Agency, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vaillant
authors.affiliation: Santé publique France, French Public Health Agency, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: De Valk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D017347:Brucella melitensis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D041021:Brucella suis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002006:Brucellosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D002007:Brucellosis, Bovine / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000382:microbiology; D018563:Disease Notification; D005260:Female; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006041:Goats / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012756:Sheep / Q000382:microbiology; D000076082:Travel-Related Illness; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Brucella; Epidemiology; France; Humain; Human; One Health; Zoonose; Zoonosis; Épidémiologie