title: Analysis of beta-agonist residues in bovine hair: Development of a UPLC-MS/MS method and stability study.
abstract: Beta-sympathomimetic compounds are widely used in therapy because of the bronchodilator, smooth muscle-relaxant and tocolytic properties. However, their growth promoting and performance enhancing effects are often subject to illegal use. The present work describes the development of a fast and reliable analytical multiresidue method for the confirmation 20 β-agonist compounds in animal hair. The procedure is based on alkaline digestion, LLE with organic solvents, SPE clean up and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis, and is suitable for the public Official control of β-agonist residues in hair sample. Validation was performed according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC requirements. Independent samples spiked with the investigated compounds in the range 0.2-10.0μgkg-1are showing intra-day and inter-day precision (RSD) lower than 17.8% and 19.7%, respectively. Linearity, measured in the range of 0.1-10.0μgkg-1, resulted with a Pearson's r>0.996. The decision limits (CCα) for the all investigated beta agonists resulted in the range 0.2-1.0μgkg-1. Furthermore, the method was tested on real hair samples obtained from cattle, known as positive to clenbuterol, in order to check its effectiveness and the β-agonists stability.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Regioni Lazio e Toscana Via Appia Nuova, 1411 - 00178 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: luigi.giannetti@izslt.it.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giannetti
authors.affiliation: Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco Via del Tritone, 181 - 00187 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Regioni Lazio e Toscana Via Appia Nuova, 1411 - 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Regioni Lazio e Toscana Via Appia Nuova, 1411 - 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Necci
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Regioni Lazio e Toscana Via Appia Nuova, 1411 - 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giorgi
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Regioni Lazio e Toscana Via Appia Nuova, 1411 - 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Regioni Lazio e Toscana Via Appia Nuova, 1411 - 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gennuso
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Regioni Lazio e Toscana Via Appia Nuova, 1411 - 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Neri
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000032:analysis*; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002976:Clenbuterol / Q000032:analysis; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D014730:Veterinary Medicine
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D002976:Clenbuterol
keywords: Bovine hair; Commission decision 2002/657/EC; UPLC–MS/MS; Validation; β-Agonist