title: The Influence of Social Structure on Cancer Pain and Quality of Life.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether social structure is associated with cancer pain and quality of life using the Social Structure and Personality Research Framework. This study was a secondary analysis of data from 480 cancer patients. The measurements included socioeconomic variables, self-reported cancer pain using the McGill Pain Questionnaire-Short Form (MPQ-SF), and quality of life measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale (FACT-G). The data were analyzed using moderated multiple regression. Cancer pain and quality of life differed significantly with income. The associations between income and pain and quality of life were significant only for the high education group (≥ partial college), and these associations were greater for Caucasians than for their counterparts ( p < .05). When developing interventions, nurses should consider the influence of socioeconomic variables on pain and quality of life while considering possible moderating factors such as education.
authors.affiliation: 1 Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Ok-Kyung
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.affiliation: 2 Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Wonshik
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.affiliation: 2 Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Eun-Ok
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Im
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000072716:Cancer Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010465:Perception; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: education; ethnic groups; income; moderator; neoplasms; pain