title: Lichenysin-geminal amino acid-based surfactants: Synergistic action of an unconventional antimicrobial mixture.
abstract: Recently it has been demonstrated that catanionic mixtures of oppositely charged surfactants have improved physicochemical-biological properties compared to the individual components. Isotherms of mixtures of an anionic biosurfactant (lichenysin) and a cationic aminoacid surfactant (C3(LA)2) indicate a strong interaction suggesting the formation of a new "pseudo-surfactant". The antimicrobial properties of the mixture lichenysin and C3(LA)2M80:20, indicate a synergistic effect of the components. The mechanism of action on the bacterial envelope was assessed by flow cytometry and Transmission Electron Microscopy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coronel-León
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Surfactant Technology, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinazo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Surfactant Technology, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mª José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Espuny
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Mª
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Marqués
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: amanresa@ub.edu.
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manresa
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069976:Bacillus licheniformis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055672:Static Electricity; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C094325:lichenysin A; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Antimicrobial properties; Arginine; Escherichia coli; Flow cytometry; Gemini surfactants; Lichenysin; Listeria nonocytogenes; Potassium leakage; Transmission electron microscopy