title: Assessing Stress-Induced Sleep Reactivity in College Students: The European Portuguese Version of the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST).
abstract: Over the past few years, the comprehensive models of insomnia have exhibited impressive developments. However, there is scarce knowledge on predisposing or vulnerability factors for insomnia. One of the most promising constructs to aid in filling this gap is stress-induced sleep reactivity assessed through self-report. Our aim was to study the psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST).
  
  
  
  We recruited a large sample of students attending medical school (N = 699).
  
  
  
  Several analyses were carried out such as internal consistency, construct validity, and discriminant groups' analysis.
  
  
  
  It was observed that FIRST-PT shows good internal consistency (Cronbach´s alpha = .81) and validity indicators. Interestingly, and contrary to what was observed in the previously published studies on psychometric properties of the FIRST, it was observed that a two-factor solution (Factor I = rumination, Factor II = worry) was the most adequate one to explain the correlation matrix, accounting for approximately 44% of the total variance.
  
  
  
  The FIRST-PT proved to be a useful and reliable tool to measure stress-induced sleep reactivity. However, these results should be replicated in other groups, particularly clinical samples, in order to verify the stability of its factorial dimension.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Education and Psychology , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal.
authors.forename: Daniel Ruivo
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: a Department of Education and Psychology , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana Cardoso
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Allen Gomes
authors.affiliation: b Sleep Center , Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit , Michigan , USA.
authors.forename: Christopher Lawrence
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.affiliation: b Sleep Center , Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit , Michigan , USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: c Faculty of Medicine , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria Helena Pinto
authors.initials: MHP
authors.lastname: de Azevedo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011174:Portugal; D012307:Risk Factors; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000628:therapy*; D013334:Students; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult