title: Reactivation of latent HIV-1 in latently infected cells by coumarin compounds: Hymecromone and ScoparoneReactivation of Latent HIV-1 in Latently Infected Cells by Coumarin Compounds: Hymecromone and Scoparone.
abstract: Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) cannot cure HIV-1 infection due to the presence of latent viral reservoirs. The "shock and kill" strategy is a promising approach to eliminate the viral reservoir. However, there are various limits existing in current latency-reversing agents, searching for new activators are urgently needed.
  
  
  
  The present study aimed at investigating the ability of hymecromone and scoparone for activating HIV-1 from latent reservoirs.
  
  
  
  Jurkat T cell model of HIV-1 latently were used to evaluate the effect of hymecromone and scoparone. The percentage of green florescence protein expression as a marker for reactivation of HIV-1 promoter was measured via FACScan. The expression of CD25 and CD69 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured by flow cytometry at 72 h post-treatment with hymecromone or scoparone or prostratin using antibodies against CD25 and CD69.
  
  
  
  Hymecromone and scoparone can induce HIV-1 LTR reactivation in a dose and timedependent. We further show that hymecromone and scoparone can reactivate latent virus without inducing the activation of global T cells. We also found that scoparone acts by NF-&amp;kgr;B signal pathway.
  
  
  
  Hymecromone and scoparone can effectively reactivate latent HIV-1 with low cellular toxicity, indicating hymecromone and scoparone might be potential drugs for HIV-1 reservoir eradication strategies in the future.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hanxian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Pinyi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Yuanzhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Panpan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. hzzhu@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Huanzhang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D019677:Artificial Gene Fusion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003374:Coumarins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006923:Hymecromone / Q000378:metabolism*; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000032:analysis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D011533:Proviruses / Q000187:drug effects*; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D003374:Coumarins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006923:Hymecromone; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C508017:IL2RA protein, human; C018145:scoparone