title: A single intranasal immunization with a subunit vaccine formulation induces higher mucosal IgA production than live respiratory syncytial virus.
abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes serious respiratory illness in infants and elderly. RSV infection induces short-lived immunity, which leaves people prone to re-infection. In contrast, the RSV fusion (F) protein formulated with a novel adjuvant (∆F/TriAdj) elicits long term protective immunity. A comparison of RSV-immunized mice to mice vaccinated with a single dose of ∆F/TriAdj showed no difference in IgG1 and IgG2a production; however, local IgA secreting memory B cell development and B cell IgA production were significantly lower in RSV vaccinated mice than in ∆F/TriAdj-immunized mice. This indicates a potential reason as to why long-term immunity is not induced by RSV infection. The comparison also revealed that germinal center lymphocyte populations were higher in ∆F/TriAdj-vaccinated mice. Furthermore, ∆F/TriAdj induced higher gene expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), as well as IL-6, IL-21, TGF-β cytokines, which are key players in IgA class switch recombination, ultimately leading to a sustained long-term memory response.
authors.affiliation: VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada SK S7N 5E3.
authors.forename: Ravendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada SK S7N 5E3.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Theaker
authors.affiliation: VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada SK S7N 5E3; Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada SK S7N 5E3.
authors.forename: Elisa C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada SK S7N 5E3; Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada SK S7N 5E3. Electronic address: sylvia.vandenhurk@usask.ca.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004339:Drug Compounding; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: AID; Adjuvanted F protein; IgA; Immune memory; RSV