title: Store-operated Ca2+ entry regulates Ca2+-activated chloride channels and eccrine sweat gland function.
abstract: Eccrine sweat glands are essential for sweating and thermoregulation in humans. Loss-of-function mutations in the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel genes ORAI1 and STIM1 abolish store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), and patients with these CRAC channel mutations suffer from anhidrosis and hyperthermia at high ambient temperatures. Here we have shown that CRAC channel-deficient patients and mice with ectodermal tissue-specific deletion of Orai1 (Orai1K14Cre) or Stim1 and Stim2 (Stim1/2K14Cre) failed to sweat despite normal sweat gland development. SOCE was absent in agonist-stimulated sweat glands from Orai1K14Cre and Stim1/2K14Cre mice and human sweat gland cells lacking ORAI1 or STIM1 expression. In Orai1K14Cre mice, abolishment of SOCE was associated with impaired chloride secretion by primary murine sweat glands. In human sweat gland cells, SOCE mediated by ORAI1 was necessary for agonist-induced chloride secretion and activation of the Ca2+-activated chloride channel (CaCC) anoctamin 1 (ANO1, also known as TMEM16A). By contrast, expression of TMEM16A, the water channel aquaporin 5 (AQP5), and other regulators of sweat gland function was normal in the absence of SOCE. Our findings demonstrate that Ca2+ influx via store-operated CRAC channels is essential for CaCC activation, chloride secretion, and sweat production in humans and mice.
authors.forename: Axel R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Concepcion
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vaeth
authors.forename: Larry E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eckstein
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crottes
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seidl
authors.forename: Hyosup P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weidinger
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Stuart E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Turvey
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Issekutz
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Meyts
authors.forename: Rodrigo S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Lacruz
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuk
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Yule
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feske
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000075369:Anoctamin-1; D051402:Aquaporin 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071738:Stromal Interaction Molecule 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013542:Sweat / Q000378:metabolism*; D013545:Sweat Glands / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C476213:ANO1 protein, human; C531181:ANO1 protein, mouse; C496036:AQP5 protein, human; D000075369:Anoctamin-1; C496038:Aqp5 protein, mouse; D051402:Aquaporin 5; D018118:Chloride Channels; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; C510746:ORAI1 protein, human; C520430:Orai1 protein, mouse; C103530:STIM1 protein, human; C513279:STIM2 protein, human; C100757:Stim1 protein, mouse; C525024:Stim2 protein, mouse; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; D000071738:Stromal Interaction Molecule 2