title: Additively Manufactured Macroporous Titanium with Silver-Releasing Micro-/Nanoporous Surface for Multipurpose Infection Control and Bone Repair - A Proof of Concept.
abstract: Restoring large-scale bone defects, where osteogenesis is slow while infections lurk, with biomaterials represents a formidable challenge in orthopedic clinics. Here, we propose a scaffold-based multipurpose anti-infection and bone repairing strategy to meet such restorative needs. To do this, personalized multifunctional titanium meshes were produced through an advanced additive manufacturing process and dual "TiO2-poly(dopamine)/Ag (nano)" post modifications, yielding macroporous constructs with micro-/nanoporous walls and nanosilver bullets immobilized/embedded therein. Ultrahigh loading capacity and durable release of Ag+were accomplished. The scaffolds were active against planktonic/adherent bacteria (Gram-negative and positive) for up to 12 weeks. Additionally, they not only defended themselves from biofilm colonization but also helped destroy existing biofilms, especially in combination with antibiotics. Further, the osteoblasts/bacteria coculture study displayed that the engineered surfaces aided MG-63 cells to combat bacterial invasion. Meanwhile, the scaffolds elicited generally acceptable biocompatibility (cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability) and hastened osteoblast differentiation and maturation (alkaline phosphatase production, matrix secretion, and calcification), by synergy of micro-/nanoscale topological cues and bioactive catecholamine chemistry. Although done ex vivo, these studies reveal that our three-in-one strategy (infection prophylaxis, infection fighting, and bone repair) has great potential to simultaneously prevent/combat infections and bridge defected bone. This work provides new thoughts to the use of enabling technologies to design biomaterials that resolve unmet clinical needs.
authors.forename: Zhaojun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiu
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Wenhao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Shicheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Tingfei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Zhongjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing AKEC Medical Company Ltd. , Beijing 102200, China.
authors.forename: Caimei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing AKEC Medical Company Ltd. , Beijing 102200, China.
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing AKEC Medical Company Ltd. , Beijing 102200, China.
authors.forename: Zhijiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control; D058608:Nanopores; D010006:Osteoblasts; D012834:Silver; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D012834:Silver; D014025:Titanium
keywords: 3D printing; antibacterial; multifunctional coatings; poly(dopamine); porous titanium; silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)