title: The Role of Human Papilloma Virus in Penile Carcinogenesis and Preneoplastic Lesions: A Potential Target for Vaccination and Treatment Strategies.
abstract: Penile cancer is a rare and devastating disease, especially at advanced stages. The etiology of penile cancer is multifactorial with multiple established risk factors including infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Approximately 40% of penile cancers are attributable to HPV, although the literature describing HPV as a prognostic factor is mixed. The pathogenesis of HPV infection as well as vaccination practices may provide valuable therapeutic agents to treat this rare and difficult disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. Electronic address: gregory.diorio@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Diorio
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection Research in Cancer (CIRC), Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Anna R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Giuliano
mesh_terms: D063646:Carcinogenesis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D010413:Penis / Q000821:virology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines
keywords: HPV; HPV vaccination; Penile cancer; Penile –intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN); Targeted therapy