title: Effect of the herbal mixture composed of Aloe Vera, Henna, Adiantum capillus-veneris, and Myrrha on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Wound healing is often impaired in diabetic animals and humans. Matrix metalloproteases act as pro-inflammatory agents in physiological wound healing pathways by stimulating cytokines including the interleukins, IL6, IL1A and IL1B, and the tumor necrosis factor and transforming growth factor beta1. Botanicals are traditionally used to assist healing of different types of wounds, because they produce fewer side effects. Our specific aim here was to develop a plant-based recipe supporting effective wound healing in diabetic animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plant materials from Adiantum capillus-veneris, Commiphora molmol, Aloe Vera, and henna were collected for this study, and oven-dried at 60 °C. The dried leaves and resins were then crumbled into a powder and mixed in equal parts with Vaseline as a preservative. This mixture was used as an ointment on wounds induced in 60 diabetic and non-diabetic rats that were divided into 6 subgroups receiving agent or control treatments. Necrotic tissue surrounding the wound was periodically removed during wound healing. RNA was extracted from the healing region of the wound at days 7, 14 and 21 for cDNA synthesis to monitor changes in Tgfb1, Mmp3, Mmp9, Il6 and Tnf α expression using real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of the Mmp3, the Tnf α, and the Tgfb1 genes from wound tissue were significantly different (p < 0.05) between diabetic and non-diabetic (control) rats treated with the herbal mixture after 14 and 21 days. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) of the Mmp9 gene expression in diabetic and non-diabetic rats treated only with Vaseline after 7, 14, and 21 days. But, the expression of the Mmp9 gene decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in diabetic rats after 14 days in comparison to non-diabetic rats, when the herbal mixture was added to Vaseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study presents an herbal treatment that alters the gene expression signature at wounds induced in the rat model for type I diabetes in a manner consistent with accelerated healing, and demonstrates that this herbal treatment might be effective to treat wounds in diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. galehdari187@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Galehdari
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Negahdari
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kesmati
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Anahita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezaie
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shariati
mesh_terms: D035681:Adiantum / Q000737:chemistry*; D000504:Aloe / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D031564:Lawsonia Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: Diabetic; Herbal remedies; Matrix metalloproteases; Wound healing