title: Progress and development of analytical methods for gibberellins.
abstract: Gibberellins, as a group of phytohormones, exhibit a wide variety of bio-functions within plant growth and development, which have been used to increase crop yields. Many analytical procedures, therefore, have been developed for the determination of the types and levels of endogenous and exogenous gibberellins. As plant tissues contain gibberellins in trace amounts (usually at the level of nanogram per gram fresh weight or even lower), the sample pre-treatment steps (extraction, pre-concentration, and purification) for gibberellins are reviewed in details. The primary focus of this comprehensive review is on the various analytical methods designed to meet the requirements for gibberellins analyses in complex matrices with particular emphasis on high-throughput analytical methods, such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis, mostly combined with mass spectrometry. The advantages and drawbacks of the each described analytical method are discussed. The overall aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and critical view on the different analytical methods nowadays employed to analyze gibberellins in complex sample matrices and their foreseeable trends.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Chaozhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Swee Ngin
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jean Wan Hong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Liya
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000639:trends; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins
keywords: Analytical methods; Gibberellins; Phytohormones; Sample preparation