title: Validation of the Seven Up Seven Down Inventory in bipolar offspring: screening and prediction of mood disorders. Findings from the Dutch Bipolar Offspring Study.
abstract: To validate the Seven Up Seven Down (7U7D), an abbreviated version of the General Behavior Inventory (GBI), as screener for mood disorders and test its ability to predict mood disorders over time in individuals at risk for bipolar disorder (BD).
  
  
  
  Bipolar offspring (n=108) were followed from adolescence into adulthood and assessed at baseline, 1-, 5- and 12 years follow-up (T1-T4 respectively). Offspring were assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children--Present and Lifetime Version, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders and the GBI.
  
  
  
  Performance of the GBI and 7U7D was functionally similar for the depression (7D) scale, but variable for the mania (7U) scale. As screener for mood disorders (T4), the 7D showed fair diagnostic efficiency (area under the curve (AUC) 0.68, p<0.01, OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.15-2.03). The discriminative validity for BD and unipolar disorder was only close to significant (7D AUC 0.66, p=0.078; 7U AUC 0.67, p=0.067). In terms of prediction of mood disorder onset between T1 and T4, the 7D, but not the 7U, was associated with new onset (AUC 0.67, p<0.05; HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.23). The 7U7D did not achieve significant prediction of BD.
  
  
  
  Relative small sample size and limited generalizability.
  
  
  
  Based on the current study, the 7U7D shows limited potential as screening instrument for mood disorders in bipolar offspring. The clinical utility of the 7U7D needs further exploration for use in clinical and research settings.
authors.affiliation: Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, A00.241, PO Box 85500, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: e.mesman@umcutrecht.nl.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mesman
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Davie Hall, CB 3270, Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Youngstrom
authors.affiliation: Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, A00.241, PO Box 85500, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Juliana
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, cc11, PO box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Nolen
authors.affiliation: Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, A00.241, PO Box 85500, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M H J
authors.initials: MHJ
authors.lastname: Hillegers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D009426:Netherlands; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Bipolar disorder; Bipolar offspring; Prediction; Screening; Self-report