title: Full-field interferometry for counting and differentiating aquatic biotic nanoparticles: from laboratory toTaraOceans.
abstract: There is a huge abundance of viruses and membrane vesicles in seawater. We describe a new full-field, incoherently illuminated, shot-noise limited, common-path interferometric detection method that we couple with the analysis of Brownian motion to detect, quantify, and differentiate biotic nanoparticles. We validated the method with calibrated nanoparticles and homogeneous DNA or RNA viruses. The smallest virus size that we characterized with a suitable signal-to-noise ratio was around 30 nm in diameter. Analysis of Brownian motions revealed anisotropic trajectories for myoviruses.We further applied the method for vesicles detection and for analysis of coastal and oligotrophic samples fromTaraOceans circumnavigation.
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France; Atelier de Bioinformatique, UMR 7205 ISYEB CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France; These authors contributed equally to this paper; mboccara@biologie.ens.fr.
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boccara
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France; Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 7587, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; These authors contributed equally to this paper.
authors.forename: Yasmina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fedala
authors.affiliation: Institut de Minéralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condensés UMR 7590, UPMC, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Catherine Venien
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.affiliation: Atelier de Bioinformatique, UMR 7205 ISYEB CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France; Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Bâtiment Gregor Mendel, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bailly-Bechet
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bowler
authors.affiliation: Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 7587, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; claude.boccara@espci.fr.
authors.forename: Albert Claude
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Boccara
keywords: (010.0280) Remote sensing and sensors; (110.3175) Interferometric imaging; (120.5820) Scattering measurements; (170.4580) Optical diagnostics for medicine