title: Immunohistochemical analysis of angiogenesis by CD34 and mast cells by toluidine blue in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiogenesis is a complex event mediated by angiogenic factors released from cancer cells and immune cells. It has been reported to be associated with progression, aggressiveness and metastases of various malignant tumors including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Similarly, mast cells have also been reported to play a role in tumor progression and metastases by promoting angiogenesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was conducted to compare microvessel density (MVD) and mast cell density (MCD) in different histological grades of OSCC in comparison with normal oral mucosa (NM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of MVD by CD34 and MCD by toluidine blue among different histological grades of OSCC and in NM as controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  The results were analysed using "t" test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation co-efficient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean MVD was higher in different grades as compared to normal mucosa. Intergroup comparison of increase in MVD between different grades of OSCC was not found to be highly statistically significant. Pearson's correlation between MVD and MCD revealed a linear increase in MVD as the MCD increased, suggestive of a positive correlation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was significant correlation found between MVD and MCD which was in agreement that mast cells promote tumor progression through upregulation of angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, P.M.N.M. Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Pramod Sangamesh
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Ingaleshwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, A.J Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Siddharth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, A.J Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Dinkar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: C Pramod
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Redder
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subbaiah Dental College, Shimoga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Akhil S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subbaiah Dental College, Shimoga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Mithun
keywords: Angiogenesis; mast cell density; mast cells; microvessel density; oral squamous cell carcinoma