title: Evaluation of the Relationship Between Microalbuminuria and Urine Ischemia-Modified Albumin Levels in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a marker which can be associated with oxidative stress in various ischemic and non-ischemic processes. Oxidative stress plays roles in diabetes mellitus, its complications and pathogenesis. Serum IMA levels are examined in various clinical events. However, urine IMA levels have not yet been evaluated in diabetic patients. In this study, we aim to examine the relationship between metabolic features and urine microalbuminuria levels of diabetic patients and their urine IMA levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were totally 50 type 2 diabetic patients in the study at the Mevlana University Hospital. Patients with cerebrovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction, hemodialysis patients with end stage chronic renal failure, pulmonary embolism, and malignant disease were excluded from the study. Metabolic features, urine IMA levels and cardiological parameters of patients were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of patients was 59 ± 9 years, 20 of them (40%) were male and 30 of them (60%) were female. There were six patients with albuminuria value of <0.03 mg/g (normal), there were 39 patients with microalbuminuria value of 0.03-0.3 mg/g and there were five patients with macroalbuminuria of >0.3 mg/g. According to the analysis of patients with microalbuminuria (n = 39), there was no correlation between IMA levels and numerical demographic data, albuminuria, glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, creatinine, uric acid, hematological parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conclusively, there was no relationship between urine IMA levels and microalbuminuria related to the diabetic nephropathy. These findings can be associated with urinary excretion mechanisms of IMA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bilgi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keser
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katlandur
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali Osman
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Kalkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiyici
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C561522:ischemia-modified albumin; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human
keywords: diabetic nephropathy; epicardial adipose tissue; ischemia-modified albumin; microalbuminuria