title: Effect of Oral Administration of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Acute Colitis in Mice.
abstract: In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), inflammation is induced and maintained by lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a natural product formed in acidic conditions from indole-3-carbinol in cruciferous vegetables, and it is known for its chemotherapeutic activity. This study evaluated DIM's effects on angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and inflammation in a mouse colitis model. Experimental colitis was induced in mice by administering 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) via drinking water. DIM remarkably attenuated the clinical signs and histological characteristics in mice with DSS-induced colitis. DIM suppressed neutrophil infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, it significantly suppressed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2, indicating that the mechanism may be related to the repression of pro-angiogenesis activity. DIM also remarkably suppressed the expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-3, and angiopoietin-2; thus, the mechanism may also be related to the suppression of lymphangiogenesis. Therefore, DIM is a possible treatment option for inflammation of the intestine and associated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Research Division Emerging Innovative Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Songnam, Keongki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Joo
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-ang University , Ansung, Keongki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Munkhtugs
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davaatseren
authors.affiliation: Research Division Emerging Innovative Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Songnam, Keongki, Republic of Korea.|Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology , Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Taek
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Research Division Emerging Innovative Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Songnam, Keongki, Republic of Korea.|Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology , Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Research Division Emerging Innovative Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Songnam, Keongki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Haeng Jeon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.affiliation: Research Division Emerging Innovative Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Songnam, Keongki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ae Sin
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Research Division Emerging Innovative Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Songnam, Keongki, Republic of Korea.|Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology , Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Jeong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sung
keywords: 3,3′-diindolylmethane; angiogenesis; dextran sodium sulfate; inflammatory bowel disease; lymphangiogenesis