title: A lifelong competitive training practice attenuates age-related lipid peroxidation.
abstract: The effect of exercise-induced oxidative stress on health and aging is not clearly explained. This study examined the effects of habitual sport practice, age, and submaximal exercise on the blood markers of oxidative stress, muscle damage, and antioxidant response. Seventy-two healthy men were grouped by their habitual sport practice: inactive (<1.5 h/week), recreational (3-8 h/week), and trained athletes (>8 h/week), and further divided by age: young (18-25 years), adult (40-55 years), and senior (>55 years). Blood samples were collected at rest and after submaximal effort. Hydroperoxides and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities were measured by spectrophotometry. Nuclear DNA damage was analyzed by comet assay. The alpha-actin release was analyzed by Western blot. Alpha-tocopherol, retinol, and coenzyme-Q10 were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Data was analyzed through a factorial ANOVA and the Bonferroni post hoc test. Lipid peroxidation increased significantly with age and submaximal effort (p < 0.05). However, the trained athlete group presented lower lipid peroxidation compared with the recreational group (MD = 2.079, SED = 0.58, p = 0.002) and inactive group (MD = 1.979, SED = 0.61, p = 0.005). Trained athletes showed significant higher alpha-actin levels (p < 0.001) than the other groups. Recreational group showed lower nuclear DNA damage than trained athletes (MD = 3.681, SED = 1.28, p = 0.015). Nevertheless, the inactive group presented significantly higher superoxide dismutase and catalase (p < 0.05) than the other groups. Data suggested that habitual competitive training practice could prevent age-related increases of plasma lipid peroxidation, which, according with our results, cannot be entirely attributed to blood antioxidant defense systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, AV. del Conocimiento, 18100, Granada, Spain.|Department of Physical Culture, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Chimborazo, North Campus "Ms. Edison Riera" AV. Antonio José de Sucre. Km.1 1/2 way to Guano, 060150, Riobamba, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Yaira
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Barranco-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus "Las Lagunillas", 23071, Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez-Amat
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, AV. del Conocimiento, 18100, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casals
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, AV. del Conocimiento, 18100, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Jerónimo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aragón-Vela
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, AV. del Conocimiento, 18100, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, University Center of João Pessoa-UNIPE, BR-230, KM 22, Água Fria, João Pessoa, PB, 58053-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, AV. del Conocimiento, 18100, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivas-García
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, AV. De la Ilustración, 18071, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guisado
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, AV. del Conocimiento, 18100, Granada, Spain. jhuertas@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Jesús R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Huertas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000208:ethnology; D056352:Athletes; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D020552:Comet Assay; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D004249:DNA Damage; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011998:Recreation; D057185:Sedentary Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D013030:Spain; D013177:Sports; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Aging; Antioxidant defense; Endurance training; Muscle damage; Oxidative stress