title: Bonding of Metal Orthodontic Attachments to Sandblasted Porcelain and Zirconia Surfaces.
abstract: This study evaluates tensile bond strength (TBS) of metal orthodontic attachments to sandblasted feldspathic porcelain and zirconia with various bonding protocols. Thirty-six (36) feldspathic and 36 zirconia disc samples were prepared, glazed, embedded in acrylic blocks and sandblasted, and divided into three groups according to one or more of the following treatments: hydrofluoric acid 4% (HF), Porcelain Conditioner silane primer, Reliance Assure® primer, Reliance Assure plus® primer, and Z Prime™ plus zirconia primer. A round traction hook was bonded to each sample. Static tensile bond strength tests were performed in a universal testing machine and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scoring was done using a digital camera. One-way ANOVA and Pearson chi-square tests were used to analyze TBS (MPa) and ARI scores. No statistically significant mean differences were found in TBS among the different bonding protocols for feldspathic and zirconia,pvalues = 0.369 and 0.944, respectively. No statistically significant distribution of ARI scores was found among the levels of feldspathic,pvalue = 0.569. However, statistically significant distribution of ARI scores was found among the levels of zirconia,pvalue = 0.026. The study concluded that silanization following sandblasting resulted in tensile bond strengths comparable to other bonding protocols for feldspathic and zirconia surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Amitoj S
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6619-4627
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Carla A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0473-383X
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Grace
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8271-4140
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viana
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3670-9519
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bedran-Russo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Maria Therese S
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9245-3629
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Galang-Boquiren
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide