title: Updates in the Management of Cephalosporin-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.
abstract: Resistance to cephalosporins is now common among Gram-negative bacterial infections, including those caused by the Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, posing a major threat to public health. As resistance to the traditional drugs of choice for these infections, carbapenems, has also become increasingly common, interest in cefepime and piperacillin-tazobactam as carbapenem-sparing alternatives has increased. Additionally, the availability of the novel β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combinations ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam has added to the antimicrobial armamentarium available to treat these multidrug-resistant infections. Here, we review the recent literature on the use of carbapenem-sparing alternatives and highlight the potential utility of novel antimicrobials.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arizpe
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.|Pharmacotherapy Education and Research Center, The University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Reveles
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 0090, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Shrina D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 0090, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. slaitken@mdanderson.org.|Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Genomics, UTHealth McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. slaitken@mdanderson.org.
authors.forename: Samuel L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Aitken
keywords: Carbapenem; Cefepime; Ceftazidime-avibactam; Ceftolozane-tazobactam; Extended-spectrum β-lactamase; Piperacillin-tazobactam; Pseudomonas aeruginosa