title: The response of circulating omentin-1 concentration to 16-week exercise training in male children with obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of the 16-week exercise training program on serum omentin-1 in relation to change in insulin resistance in obese male children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two obese male children, aged 9-12 years, were randomly assigned into Exercise Group (ExG; n = 16) and Control Group (CG; n = 16). ExG participated in a 16-week exercise training program which combined various forms of aerobic activities and resistance training. Body composition, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose and insulin, homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), blood lipids and serum omentin-1 were assessed before and after 16 weeks of training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise training significantly decreased body mass (7.5%), BMI (7.6%), WC (4.3%), body fat % (15%), fasting insulin (18.5%), total cholesterol (TC) (5.4%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (17%) and triglyceride (TG) (7.4%) compared to CG. Between-groups comparison showed a considerable exercise-induced upregulation in omentin-1 (ES = 89; P < 0.05) levels. Furthermore, in ExG serum omentin-1 levels were significantly increased from 24.5 ± 8.4 to 35.9 ± 9.3 ng/ml (45%; P < 0.001) after the training program, which was accompanied with significantly decreased fasting insulin (P < 0.001). The changes in omentin-1 concentrations correlated with the changes in BMI (r = -0.67, P < 0.001), WC (r = -0.62, P = 0.002), body fat % (r = -0.50, P = 0.004), insulin (r = -0.65, P = 0.001), HOMA2-IR (r = -0.60, P = 0.004), TC (r = -0.53, P = 0.004) and LDL-C (r = -0.51, P = 0.004) in ExG. BMI (β = -0.50, P = 0.009) and fasting insulin (β = -0.54, P = 0.006) changes were found to be independent predictors of omentin-1 increment in multiple regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exercise training resulted in a significant increase in serum omentin-1 concentrations in children with obesity. The ﬁndings suggest that exercise-induced changes in omentin-1 may be associated with the beneﬁcial effects of exercise on reduced insulin and weight lost.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tabriz , Iran.
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zehsaz
authors.affiliation: a Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tabriz , Iran.
authors.forename: Negin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Farhangi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tabriz , Iran.
authors.forename: Mehri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghahramani
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D037102:Lectins / Q000097:blood*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D055070:Resistance Training; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C432397:ITLN1 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D037102:Lectins; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Adipokine; children; exercise training; insulin resistance