title: Universal Diffraction of Atomic and Molecular Matter-Waves: A Comparison of He and D2Quantum Reflected from a Grating.
abstract: Molecular beams of He and D2are scattered from a ruled diffraction grating in conical-mount geometry under grazing-incidence conditions. Fully resolved diffraction patterns as a function of detection angle are recorded for different grating azimuth angles and for two different kinetic energies of the particle beams. Variations in diffraction peak widths are traced back to different velocity spreads of He and D2determined by time-of-flight measurements. A comprehensive analysis of diffraction intensities confirms universal diffraction, that is, for identical de Broglie wavelengths, the relative diffraction intensities for He and D2are the same. Universal diffraction results from peculiarities of quantum reflection of the atoms and molecules from the diffraction grating. In quantum reflection particles scatter many nanometers in front of the surface from the long-range attractive branch of the particle-surface interaction potential without probing the potential well and the short-range repulsive branch of the potential.
authors.affiliation: Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.|Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
authors.forename: Weiqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Ah
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Gwun
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Korea.
authors.forename: Bong Jun
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Korea.
authors.forename: Lee Yeong
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Korea.|Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Korea.
authors.forename: Bum Suk
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0470-6396
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Wieland
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-203X
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schöllkopf
keywords: atom optics; atom-surface interaction; emerging beam resonance; matter-wave diffraction; quantum reflection