title: Relationship between Intelligence Quotient and Musical Ability in Children with Cochlear Implantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with cochlear implants (CIs) may experience few opportunities for positive musical experiences, and musical perception is therefore often not sufficiently developed. This paper investigates and discusses the relationship between intelligence quotient (IQ) and musical ability in children with CIs compared with children with normal hearing.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a comparative analytical study conducted in 48 children with unilateral CI and 48 normal-hearing children, 6-8 years of age, with 'normal' IQ and no formal music training. The average IQ score in the experimental and control groups were 105.41 and 106.31, respectively. No statistically significant differences were detected between Raven's IQ scores in both groups. Data were collected by administering Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices IQ Tests and the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Musical Abilities (MBEMA) Test, consisting of scale, contour, interval, rhythm, and memory sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean total MBEMA score in the experimental and control groups was 58.93 and 72.16 (out of 100), respectively. Significant differences were evident between scores of children with CIs in comparison with their normal-hearing peers (P≤0.001). A remarkable direct correlation between IQ and musical scores in both the control (r≥0.38) and experimental (r≥0.37) groups was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IQ has a noticeable effect on music processing and facilitates the perception of various musical elements. With regard to the mutual relationship between IQ and musical skills, this study illustrates the advantage of determining music perception scores and highlights the importance of appropriate musical intervention in order to enhance auditory neural plasticity, especially in children with cochlear implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran .
authors.forename: Simin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soleimanifar
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motasaddi Zarandy
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, School of Dramatic Arts and Music, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran .
authors.forename: Houman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, School of Management and Medical Information Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haghani
keywords: Child; Cochlear Implants; Intelligence; Music; Skill