title: Molecular characterization ofFasciola hepaticaand phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial (nicotiamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit I and cytochrome oxidase subunit I) genes from the North-East of Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fascioliasis is one of the most zoonotic diseases with global extension. As the epidemiological distribution ofFasciolamay lead to various genetic patterns of the parasite, the aim of this study is to identifyFasciola hepaticabased on spermatogenesis, and phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial (nicotiamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit I [ND1] and cytochrome oxidase subunit I) gene marker.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 90F. hepaticacollected from 30 cattle at slaughterhouse located in three different geographical locations in the North-East of Iran were evaluated based on spermatogenetic ability and internal transcribed spacer 1 gene restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship using mtDNA gene marker for the isolates from the North-East of Iran, and other countries were then analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Partial sequences of mtDNA showed eight haplotypes in both genes. The phylogenic analysis using neighbor joining as well as maximum likelihood methods showed similar topologies of trees. Pairwise fixation index between differentF. hepaticapopulations calculated from the nucleotide data set of ND1 gene are statistically significant and show the genetic difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  F. hepaticafound in this region of Iran has different genetic structures through the otherFasciolapopulations in the world.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saber
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reaghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haghighi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Hydatid disease in Iran, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid Fasihi
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Harandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spotin
authors.affiliation: Vector-borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
authors.forename: Kourosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arzamani
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Soheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rouhani
keywords: Cytochrome oxidase subunit I; Fasciola hepatica; Iran; molecular characterization; nicotiamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit I; phylogenic