title: Comparative study of microelectrode recording-based STN location and MRI-based STN location in low to ultra-high field (7.0 T) T2-weighted MRI images.
abstract: The correspondence between the anatomical STN and the STN observed in T2-weighted MRI images used for deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting remains unclear. Using a new method, we compared the STN borders seen on MRI images with those estimated by intraoperative microelectrode recordings (MER).
  
  
  
  We developed a method to automatically generate a detailed estimation of STN shape and the location of its borders, based on multiple-channel MER measurements. In 33 STNs of 19 Parkinson patients, we quantitatively compared the dorsal and lateral borders of this MER-based STN model with the STN borders visualized by 1.5 T (n = 14), 3.0 T (n = 10) and 7.0 T (n = 9) T2-weighted MRI.
  
  
  
  The dorsal border was identified more dorsally on coronal T2 MRI than by the MER-based STN model, with a significant difference in the 3.0 T (range 0.97-1.19 mm) and 7.0 T (range 1.23-1.25 mm) groups. The lateral border was significantly more medial on 1.5 T (mean: 1.97 mm) and 3.0 T (mean: 2.49 mm) MRI than in the MER-based STN; a difference that was not found in the 7.0 T group.
  
  
  
  The STN extends further in the dorsal direction on coronal T2 MRI images than is measured by MER. Increasing MRI field strength to 3.0 T or 7.0 T yields similar discrepancies between MER and MRI at the dorsal STN border. In contrast, increasing MRI field strength to 7.0 T may be useful for identification of the lateral STN border and thereby improve DBS targeting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Neurosurgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rens
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verhagen
authors.forename: P Richard
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Schuurman
authors.forename: Pepijn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van den Munckhof
authors.forename: M Fiorella
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Contarino
authors.forename: Rob M A
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: de Bie
authors.forename: Lo J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Bour
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001331:Automation; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008875:Middle Aged; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery