title: Paternity calculations in a di-spermy case.
abstract: In a criminal paternity case, which involved analysis of the product of conception, a rare circumstance was observed. The product of conception was triploidy, apparently due to an egg fertilized by two sperm. Since there is little guidance on how to calculate the probability of the DNA evidence given some basic hypotheses, the formulae were derived and are presented herein. These approaches could provide guidance for similar situations if they arise.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Genetics, Center for Human Identification, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, USA. bruce.budowle@unthsc.edu.|Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. bruce.budowle@unthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Budowle
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Genetics, Center for Human Identification, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Capt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Genetics, Center for Human Identification, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Ranajit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Human Identification, Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jianye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010334:Paternity; D011902:Rape / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D057885:Triploidy
keywords: Partial molar pregnancy; Paternity index; Paternity test; Polyspermy; Product of conception; Triploid