title: Simulated microgravity inhibits the migration of mesenchymal stem cells by remodeling actin cytoskeleton and increasing cell stiffness.
abstract: Exposure to microgravity during space flight affects almost all human physiological systems. Migration, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells are crucial for tissues repair and regeneration. However, the effect of microgravity on the migration potentials of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is unclear, which are important progenitor and supporting cells. Here, we utilized a clinostat to model simulated microgravity (SMG) and found that SMG obviously inhibited migration of rat BMSCs. We detected significant reorganization of F-actin filaments and increased Young's modulus of BMSCs after exposure to SMG. Moreover, Y-27632 (a specific inhibitor of ROCK) abrogated the inhibited migration capacity and polymerized F-actin filament of BMSCs under SMG. Interestingly, we found that transferring BMSCs to normal gravity also attenuated the polymerized F-actin filament and Young's modulus of BMSCs induced by SMG, but could not recover migration capacity of BMSCs inhibited by SMG. Taken together, we propose that SMG inhibits migration of BMSCs through remodeling F-actin and increasing cell stiffness.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
authors.forename: Xinjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
authors.forename: Bingyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China. song@cqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guanbin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Song
keywords: Cell stiffness; Cytoskeleton; Mesenchymal stem cells; Migration; Simulated microgravity