title: Dietary glycemic index and retinal microvasculature in adults: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: To analyze the relationship between dietary glycemic index (GI) and retinal microvasculature in adults.
  
  
  
  This was a cross-sectional study of 300 subjects from the EVIDENT II study. Dietary GI was calculated using a validated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Retinal photographs were digitized, temporal vessels were measured in an area 0.5-1 disc diameter from the optic disc and arteriolar-venular index (AVI) was estimated with semi-automated software.
  
  
  
  AVI showed a significant difference between the tertiles of GI, after adjusting for potential confounders. The lowest AVI values were observed among subjects in the highest tertile of GI, whereas the greatest were found among those in the lowest tertile (estimated marginal mean of 0.738 vs. 0.768, p = 0.014).
  
  
  
  In adults, high dietary GI implies lowering AVI values regardless of age, gender and other confounding variables.
  
  
  
  Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT02016014 . Registered 9 December 2013.
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and León Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spanish Network for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), Salamanca, Spain. natalia.san.ag@gmail.com.|Primary care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Avda. Comuneros N° 27, 37003, Salamanca, Spain. natalia.san.ag@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Aguadero
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and León Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spanish Network for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alonso-Dominguez
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and León Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, Spanish Network for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Recio-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spanish Network for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Patino-Alonso
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and León Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spanish Network for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gomez-Marcos
authors.affiliation: Passeig de Sant Joan Health Center, Catalan Health Service, Spanish Network for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin-Cantera
authors.affiliation: Río Tajo Health Center, Castilla-La Mancha Health Service, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish Network for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), Talavera de la Reina, Spain.
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Schmolling-Guinovart
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and León Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, Spanish Network for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garcia-Ortiz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001160:Arterioles / Q000473:pathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012160:Retina; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D014699:Venules / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Carbohydrates; Glycemic index; Microcirculation; Retinal vessels