title: Genome scans for divergent selection in natural populations of the widespread hardwood species Eucalyptus grandis (Myrtaceae) using microsatellites.
abstract: Identification of loci or genes under natural selection is important for both understanding the genetic basis of local adaptation and practical applications, and genome scans provide a powerful means for such identification purposes. In this study, genome-wide simple sequence repeats markers (SSRs) were used to scan for molecular footprints of divergent selection in Eucalyptus grandis, a hardwood species occurring widely in costal areas from 32° S to 16° S in Australia. High population diversity levels and weak population structure were detected with putatively neutral genomic SSRs. Using three FSToutlier detection methods, a total of 58 outlying SSRs were collectively identified as loci under divergent selection against three non-correlated climatic variables, namely, mean annual temperature, isothermality and annual precipitation. Using a spatial analysis method, nine significant associations were revealed between FSToutlier allele frequencies and climatic variables, involving seven alleles from five SSR loci. Of the five significant SSRs, two (EUCeSSR1044 and Embra394) contained alleles of putative genes with known functional importance for response to climatic factors. Our study presents critical information on the population diversity and structure of the important woody species E. grandis and provides insight into the adaptive responses of perennial trees to climatic variations.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China.|Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.|Baoshan University, Yuanzheng Road, Baoshan 678000, China.
authors.forename: Zhijiao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.|College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, 284 Block, Wushan Street, Guangzhou 510642, China.
authors.forename: Miaomiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Fagen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Qijie
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Chanpin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Huanhua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, 284 Block, Wushan Street, Guangzhou 510642, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China.|Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Siming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gan
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001315:Australia; D044822:Biodiversity; D002980:Climate; D005052:Eucalyptus / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D018745:Genome, Plant; D005838:Genotype; D005843:Geography; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012641:Selection, Genetic