title: Universal Biotin-PEG-Linked Gold Nanoparticle Probes for the Simultaneous Detection of Nucleic Acids and Proteins.
abstract: Novel biotin-polyethylene glycol (biotin-PEG) gold nanoparticle probes have been synthesized and used as universal constructs for the detection of protein (prostate-specific antigen, PSA) and nucleic acid targets (microRNAs) from a single sample. Microarray assays based upon these probes enabled sensitive detection of biomarker targets (50 fM for nucleic acid targets and 1 pg/μL for the PSA target). Ways of detecting biomarkers, including nucleic acids and proteins, are necessary for the clinical diagnosis of many diseases, but currently available diagnostic platforms rely primarily on the independent detection of proteins or nucleic acids. In addition to the economic benefits associated with the use of a single platform to detect both classes of analytes, studies have shown that the simultaneous identification of multiple classes of biomarkers in the same sample could be useful for the detection and management of early stage diseases, especially when sample amounts are limited. Therefore, these new probes and the assays based upon them open the door for high-sensitivity combination-target assays for studying and tracking biological pathways and diseases.
authors.affiliation: International Institute for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
authors.forename: Alexander W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: International Institute for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
authors.forename: Viswanadham
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Garimella
authors.affiliation: International Institute for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
authors.forename: Colin M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.affiliation: International Institute for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
authors.forename: Chad A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mirkin
mesh_terms: D001710:Biotin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000737:chemistry; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000737:chemistry*; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D015335:Molecular Probes; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D011506:Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D001710:Biotin; D006046:Gold