title: Incidence and treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection in cystic fibrosis patients: a cohort study.
abstract: In Brazil the knowledge about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in cystic fibrosis patients is scarce. This study aimed to determine the incidence of respiratory tract colonization and the identification rates after a standardized treatment. A retrospective cohort was performed highlighting the history of respiratory colonizations between January 2008 and June 2015. Patients under the age of 21 years with cystic fibrosis confirmed by sweat test or genetic study receiving care at the outpatient clinics of a Teaching Hospital were included. The treatment consisted of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, rifampicin, nasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine 2%. The mean follow-up period was of 22.2 months and those with ≥3 negative cultures were considered free of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Forty-two patients were included. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was identified in six patients. Most patients had methicillin-sensitive S. aureus isolation prior to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Five children used the standardized treatment, none presented side effects. Only one child had a new isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus during follow-up (after 20 months). The incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection was high and occurred in young patients. The therapeutic regimen was effective, safe and being a good option to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paloma Horejs
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Bittencourt
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Sidney Silva
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bianca Sampaio
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Bonfim
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital das Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo José
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Marostica
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: souza.ednalucia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Edna Lúcia
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Souza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiotic therapy; Brazil; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Pediatrics: therapy