title: Higher Fusarium Toxin Accumulation in Grain of Winter Triticale Lines Inoculated with Fusarium culmorum as Compared with Wheat.
abstract: Resistance toFusariumhead blight in 32 winter triticale and 34 winter wheat accessions was evaluated. Triticale and wheat were sown in field experiments in two locations. At the time of flowering, heads were inoculated with threeFusarium culmorumisolates.Fusariumhead blight index was scored and after the harvest percentage ofFusariumdamaged kernels was assessed. Grain was analysed for type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and derivatives, nivalenol) and zearalenone (ZEN) content. The averageFusariumhead blight indexes were 28.0% for wheat and 19.2% for triticale accessions. The percentage ofFusariumdamaged kernels was also higher for wheat and came to 55.6%, while for triticale this figure was 40.2%. The average content of deoxynivalenol (DON) for wheat amounted to 11.65 mg/kg and was lower than the result for triticale which was 14.12 mg/kg. The average contents of nivalenol were similar in both cereals: 4.13 mg/kg and 5.19 mg/kg for wheat and triticale respectively. Considerable amounts of DON derivatives in the cereals were also detected. The ZEN content in the grain was 0.60 mg/kg for wheat and 0.66 mg/kg for triticale. Relationships betweenFusariumhead blight index,Fusariumdamaged kernels and mycotoxin contents were statistically significant for wheat and mostly insignificant for triticale. Triticale proved to have less infected heads and kernels than wheat. However, the content of type B trichothecenes was higher in triticale grain than in wheat grain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Blonie, Poland. t.goral@ihar.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Góral
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska str., 60-479 Poznan, Poland. hwis@igr.poznan.pl.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wiśniewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Blonie, Poland. p.ochodzki@ihar.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ochodzki
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Blonie, Poland. d.walentyn-goral@ihar.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Walentyn-Góral
mesh_terms: D005670:Fusarium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000032:analysis*; D000066889:Triticale / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes
keywords: Fusarium; deoxynivalenol; triticale; wheat; zearalenone