title: In Vitro Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae by Lactobacillus delbrueckii Subsp. delbrueckii LDD01 (DSM 22106): An Innovative Strategy to Possibly Counteract Such Infections in Humans?
abstract: To determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of selected Lactobacillus strains isolated from the feces of healthy humans against Klebsiella pneumoniae.
  
  
  
  Klebsiella is ubiquitous in nature and may colonize the skin, the pharynx, or the gastrointestinal tract of humans. Despite the widespread use of antibiotic molecules with a broad spectrum in hospitalized patients, an increased overall load of klebsiellae as well as the subsequent development of multidrug-resistant strains able to synthesize extended-spectrum beta-lactamase have been registered. These strains are particularly virulent, express capsular-type K55, and have a considerable ability to propagate.
  
  
  
  The 4 strains Lactobacillus paracasei LPC01 (CNCM I-1390), Lactobacillus rhamnosus LR04 (DSM 16605), Bifidobacterium longum B2274 (DSM 24707), and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii LDD01 (DSM 22106) were tested. The analysis was performed using both a disc-diffusion assay and the broth-dilution procedure, also including an evaluation of the supernatants obtained from a fresh broth culture of each bacterium.
  
  
  
  L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii LDD01 demonstrated the best inhibitory results among all the tested strains. The antibacterial activity of the supernatant was retained even after treatment with α-amylase and neutralization with NaOH 1N, thus suggesting the protein structure of the inhibitory molecule. In contrast, it was completely lost after treatment with proteinase K.
  
  
  
  Overall results suggest that the inhibitory effect of L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii LDD01 should be attributed to the production of a bacteriocin. This strain may be prospectively useful for strengthening probiotic formulations and possibly counteract infections by K. pneumoniae in humans.
authors.affiliation: *Biolab Research Ltd ‡Probiotical SpA, Novara †Gastroenterology Department, Santa Rita Hospital-Policlinico di Monza, Vercelli, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mogna
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deidda
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nicola
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amoruso
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Piano
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mogna
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000254:growth & development*; D048668:Lactobacillus delbrueckii / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins