title: Detection of Bisphenol A and Nonylphenol in Rat's Blood Serum, Tissue and Impact on Reproductive System.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bisphenol A (BPA) and Nonylphenol (NP) have estrogen-like activity, and some of their adverse biological effects have been demonstrated. This study was designed to determine the association of plasma and tissue concentrations of BPA and NP and changes in the parameters of the reproductive system in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were administered three doses of BPA and NP (5, 25, and 125 μg/kg) by gavage for 35 consecutive days in 2014-2015, and a 2-ml blood sample was taken from each treated rat. Concentrations of BPA and NP in the blood were determined using the HPLC-fluorescence detection method. The sperm are produced in the epididymis and vas deferens, and they swim up in Ham's F10 solution, and, then, various parameters were evaluated using an invert microscope, and they included the count, motility, and morphology of the sperm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The weight of the testes and prostate in the rats receiving BPA and NP treatment showed significant decreases compared to the control group. Similarly, NP created higher concentration than BPA in the serum (e.g., 5.48 ± 0.65 vs. 1.36 ± 0.25, at 125 μg/kg). Compared to the control group, dose-dependent significant decreases in count and motility in the sperm were observed following the administration of BPA (25 and 125 μg/kg) and NP (all three doses). Morphologic aspects of the rats' sperm were changed in various doses of BPA and NP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to our findings, BPA and NP induced dose-dependent toxic effects on various parameters, i.e., sperm toxicity, weight of the testes, and weight of the prostate gland.
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
authors.forename: Sohrab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bahramifar
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali Akbar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Moghadamnia
authors.affiliation: Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Gholam Ali
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Jorsarae
keywords: Bisphenol A (BPA); Fluorescence detector; HPLC; Nonylphenol (NP); Prostate; Spermatogenesis