title: The consumption of coffee and black tea and the risk of lung cancer.
abstract: Coffee and black tea are among the most consumed beverages worldwide. Although their potential role in lung cancer occurrence has been investigated in several studies, results have been inconclusive. We investigated the associations between intake of coffee and black tea with lung cancer in a population-based case-control study in Montreal, Canada.
  
  
  
  These analyses included 1130 cases and 1483 controls. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated between four metrics of coffee and black tea consumption (frequency, average daily amount, duration, and cumulative amount) and lung cancer, using unconditional logistic regression.
  
  
  
  The adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals) for lung cancer comparing daily to never consumers were 0.73 (0.49-1.10) for coffee and 1.05 (0.85-1.31) for black tea. Analyses of other metrics did not reveal any clear patterns of increasing or decreasing risk with increasing amounts or duration of consumption. There was no strong evidence of OR modification by sex or smoking level. The OR estimates did not materially differ by histological subtype for either of the beverages.
  
  
  
  Our results do not provide strong support for associations between consumption of coffee and black tea and lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Risks, Prevention, and Health Promotion Research Axis, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pasquet
authors.affiliation: Risks, Prevention, and Health Promotion Research Axis, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karp
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Risks, Prevention, and Health Promotion Research Axis, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siemiatycki
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Risks, Prevention, and Health Promotion Research Axis, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada. Electronic address: anita.koushik@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koushik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001628:Beverages; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003069:Coffee; D004327:Drinking Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013662:Tea
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D013662:Tea
keywords: Case–control studies; Coffee; Epidemiology; Lung neoplasms; Risk factors; Tea