title: "Restricted Community Members": Research Protections and Opportunities for Individuals Committed to Assisted Outpatient Treatment.
abstract: Several forms of mandated community treatment exist in the United States. One mechanism, assisted outpatient treatment (AOT), has become both more common and more controversial in recent years. The status of individuals committed to AOT remains unclear within regulatory guidelines aimed at protecting research participants. Should individuals on AOT be considered psychiatric inpatients, prisoners, community members, or something else? The authors argue that persons on AOT inhabit a gray area wherein they should be given some of the ethical protections afforded to involuntary inpatients and prisoners, but they should also enjoy freedoms as members of the community. The authors' term for this population is "restricted community members." The need to protect individuals in this population from potentially coercive forces of AOT while also offering them the opportunity to participate in research is especially acute in areas of research where the need is great: serious mental illness and substance use disorders.
authors.affiliation: The authors are with the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Send correspondence to Dr. Sisti (e-mail: sistid@upenn.edu ).
authors.forename: Andrea G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Segal
authors.affiliation: The authors are with the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Send correspondence to Dr. Sisti (e-mail: sistid@upenn.edu ).
authors.forename: Dominic A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sisti
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000941:ethics*; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000941:ethics*; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000941:ethics*; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research / Q000941:ethics*; D057237:Criminals; D006801:Humans; D037141:Mandatory Programs / Q000941:ethics*; D028642:Persons with Psychiatric Disorders
keywords: Assisted outpatient treatment; Ethics; Involuntary commitment; Jails & prisons/mental health services; Research/psychiatric