title: Differential response of immune-related genes to peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid challengein vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect ofStaphylococcus aureuscell wall antigens, peptidoglycan (PGN) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) challenge on immune cells present in bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, efforts have been made to investigate the effects of three combinations (10+10, 20+20 and 30+30 μg/ml) of PGN and LTA obtained fromS. aureus. These antigens were used to challenge the bovine PBMCs. After 6 h of incubation quantitative, real time-polymerase chain reaction was used to study toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) and major cytokine mRNA expression in bovine PBMC challenged with three different antigen blends.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that mRNA level of interferon gamma is influenced by the expression of TLR-2 gene. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and IL-8 genes showed a maximum response at a dose of 10 μg of PGN and 10 μg of LTA challenge per ml of culture medium. The outcome also suggests that both IL-10 and IL-8 followed the expression pattern of TNF-α.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A dose of 10 μg of PGN and 10 μg of LTA per ml of culture medium was found to be most suitable for challenging PBMC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sourabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sulabh
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Bharat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bhushan
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Manjit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panigrahi
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ankita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Naseer Ahmad
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Pushpendra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
keywords: expression; lipoteichoic acid; mastitis; peptidoglycan; peripheral blood mononuclear cell