title: Improving the Identification of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Deaths in a General Practice Research Database.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ascertainment of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in electronic health databases is challenging.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to evaluate the applicability of the validated computer definition of SCD developed by Chung et al. in a retrospective study of SCD and domperidone exposure in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed out-of-hospital SCD by applying the validated computer definition and linking data with Hospital Episode Statistics and death certificates. We developed a separate algorithm to identify end-of-life care in noninstitutionalized patients and excluded associated deaths from the analysis to address their misclassification as SCD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 681,104 patients in the study cohort, 3444 were initially classified as out-of-hospital SCD. Next, 163 deaths were identified as expected deaths by our algorithm for end-of-life home care. After review of patient profiles, 162 were classified as expected deaths because of evidence that the patient received palliative or end-of-life care, but one was a false negative. The exclusion of such cases appreciably changed the odds ratio for current exposure to domperidone compared with non-use of study medications from 2.09 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.16-3.74) to 1.71 (95 % CI 0.92-3.18). A similar effect on the odds ratio was observed for current exposure to metoclopramide but not to proton pump inhibitors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our algorithm to identify end-of-life care at home in the CPRD performed well, with only one false negative. The exclusion of misclassified cases of SCD reduced the magnitude of the odds ratios for SCD associated with domperidone and metoclopramide exposure by controlling protopathic bias.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, RTI Health Solutions, Trav. Gracia 56 Atico 1, 08006, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Varas-Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, RTI Health Solutions, Trav. Gracia 56 Atico 1, 08006, Barcelona, Spain. aarana@rti.org.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1593-3124
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arana
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, RTI Health Solutions, 1440 Main Street, Suite 310, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Johannes
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, RTI Health Solutions, 200 Park Offices Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: McQuay
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, RTI Health Solutions, 1440 Main Street, Suite 310, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1125 Trenton-Harbourton Road, Titusville, NJ, 08560, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fife