title: Working memory and left medial temporal cortical thickness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a pilot study to investigate the association between working memory and cortical thickness in a sample of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen children aged 7-10 years diagnosed with ADHD and 16 healthy children underwent a magnetic resonance scan for cortical thickness measurements. Data was correlated with working memory performance using the Backwards Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Working memory impairment, evidenced by lower scores on the Backwards Digit Span, was observed in patients with ADHD compared to healthy controls. There was a direct correlation between working memory and cortical thickness of the left medial temporal lobe (Spearman's correlation coefficient: 0.499; p < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggests, for the first time, a correlation between working memory, evaluated by the Backwards Digit Span, and left medial temporal cortical thickness.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pastura
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem (CDPI), Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Tadeu Takao Almodovar
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria Angélica
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Regalla
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Cíntia Machado
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mesquita
authors.affiliation: Centro de Neuropsicologia Aplicada/Instituto D`Or, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Radiologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Emerson Leandro
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Gasparetto
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto COPPEAD, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Otávio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mattos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Alexandra Prüfer de Queiroz Campos
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Araújo
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014888:Wechsler Scales