title: Association Between Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Population-based Study in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several studies have demonstrated that sleep problems are associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs): irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia, etc, but the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and FGIDs has not been systematically studied in the general population. This study aims to explore the relationship between EDS and specific types of FGIDs and the effect of the number of FGIDs on EDS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 3600 individuals (aged 18-80 years) was selected from 5 regions in China using a randomized, stratified, multi-stage sampling method. EDS was measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, while gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and other FGIDs were assessed by Reflux Disease Questionnaire and the Rome II diagnostic criteria, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The survey was completed by 2906 individuals (response rate: 80.72%), and 644 individuals (22.16%) had EDS. EDS was significantly associated with ulcer-like dyspepsia (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.08-5.79), diarrhea-predominant IBS (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.09-3.66), alternating IBS (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.30-4.13), functional constipation (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.20-2.35), and GERD (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.08-2.72). Risk of EDS increased along with the increasing numbers of FGIDs: with 1 FGID (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.37-2.15); with 2 FGIDs (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.63-3.62); and with 3 or more FGIDs (OR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.37-7.78).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FGIDs, such as ulcer-like dyspepsia, diarrhea-predominant IBS, alternating IBS, functional constipation, and GERD, were significantly associated with EDS. Those who suffered from more kinds of FGIDs were more susceptible to EDS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Sicheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Shuqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yanfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiuqiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
keywords: Epidemiology; Excessive somnolence disorders; Functional gastrointestinal disorders