title: The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective cohort.
abstract: Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency have been associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Controversy remains as findings have been inconsistent between disparate populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective pregnancy cohort. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration was analysed in serum samples collected at 15 weeks of gestation from 1710 New Zealand women participating in a large, observational study. Associations between vitamin D status and pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA) and gestational diabetes were investigated. The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 72·9 nmol/l. In all, 23 % had 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations 75 nmol/l (OR 2·3; 95 % CI 1·1, 5·1). However, this effect was not significant when adjustments were made for BMI and ethnicity (OR 1·8; 95 % CI 0·8, 4·2). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration at 15 weeks was not associated with development of pre-eclampsia, spontaneous preterm birth or SGA infants. Pregnancy complications were low in this largely vitamin D-replete population.
authors.affiliation: 1Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development,The Liggins Institute,The University of Auckland,Auckland 1023,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Veronica T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.affiliation: 1Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development,The Liggins Institute,The University of Auckland,Auckland 1023,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Thorstensen
authors.affiliation: 2Medical Program,Linköping University,Linköping, SE-581 83,Sweden.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mourath
authors.affiliation: 3Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences,Massey University,Auckland 0632,New Zealand.
authors.forename: M Beatrix
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: 4The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,South Auckland Clinical School,The University of Auckland,Auckland 1023,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Lesley M E
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: McCowan
authors.affiliation: 5The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,University College Cork,Cork,Ireland.
authors.forename: Louise C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.affiliation: 1Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development,The Liggins Institute,The University of Auckland,Auckland 1023,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Philip N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D015652:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2 / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000208:ethnology; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000208:ethnology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000208:ethnology; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015652:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; D002112:Calcifediol
keywords:  GDM gestational diabetes mellitus;  NZ New Zealand;  SCOPE Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints study;  SGA small for gestational age; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Pre-eclampsia; Vitamin D