title: Number statistics for β-ensembles of random matrices: Applications to trapped fermions at zero temperature.
abstract: Let P_{β}^{(V)}(N_{I}) be the probability that a N×Nβ-ensemble of random matrices with confining potential V(x) has N_{I} eigenvalues inside an interval I=[a,b] on the real line. We introduce a general formalism, based on the Coulomb gas technique and the resolvent method, to compute analytically P_{β}^{(V)}(N_{I}) for large N. We show that this probability scales for large N as P_{β}^{(V)}(N_{I})≈exp[-βN^{2}ψ^{(V)}(N_{I}/N)], where β is the Dyson index of the ensemble. The rate function ψ^{(V)}(k_{I}), independent of β, is computed in terms of single integrals that can be easily evaluated numerically. The general formalism is then applied to the classical β-Gaussian (I=[-L,L]), β-Wishart (I=[1,L]), and β-Cauchy (I=[-L,L]) ensembles. Expanding the rate function around its minimum, we find that generically the number variance var(N_{I}) exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the size of the interval, with a maximum that can be precisely characterized. These analytical results, corroborated by numerical simulations, provide the full counting statistics of many systems where random matrix models apply. In particular, we present results for the full counting statistics of zero-temperature one-dimensional spinless fermions in a harmonic trap.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marino
authors.affiliation: LPTMS, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Satya N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Majumdar
authors.affiliation: LPTMS, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Grégory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schehr
authors.affiliation: King's College London, Department of Mathematics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Pierpaolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vivo