title: High-Throughput Proteomics Reveals the Unicellular Roots of Animal Phosphosignaling and Cell Differentiation.
abstract: Cell-specific regulation of protein levels and activity is essential for the distribution of functions among multiple cell types in animals. The finding that many genes involved in these regulatory processes have a premetazoan origin raises the intriguing possibility that the mechanisms required for spatially regulated cell differentiation evolved prior to the appearance of animals. Here, we use high-throughput proteomics in Capsaspora owczarzaki, a close unicellular relative of animals, to characterize the dynamic proteome and phosphoproteome profiles of three temporally distinct cell types in this premetazoan species. We show that life-cycle transitions are linked to extensive proteome and phosphoproteome remodeling and that they affect key genes involved in animal multicellularity, such as transcription factors and tyrosine kinases. The observation of shared features between Capsaspora and metazoans indicates that elaborate and conserved phosphosignaling and proteome regulation supported temporal cell-type differentiation in the unicellular ancestor of animals.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Arnau
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sebé-Pedrós
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marcia Ivonne
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 LT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Capella-Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Meritxell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antó
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gabaldón
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica, Microbilogia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: inaki.ruiz@ibe.upf-csic.es.
authors.forename: Iñaki
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Trillo
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: eduard.sabido@crg.cat.
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sabidó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010802:Phylogeny; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011494:Protein Kinases
keywords: Capsaspora; evolution; evolution gene expression; mass spectrometry; multicellularity; origin of metazoa; phosphoproteomics; proteomics; signaling; tyrosine kinase