title: An approach for extraction of kernel oil from Pinus pumila using homogenate-circulating ultrasound in combination with an aqueous enzymatic process and evaluation of its antioxidant activity.
abstract: In this study, a novel approach involving homogenate-circulating ultrasound in combination with aqueous enzymatic extraction (H-CUAEE) was developed for extraction of kernel oil from Pinus pumila. Following comparison of enzyme types and concentrations, an enzyme mixture consisting of cellulase, pectinase and hemicellulase (1:1:1, w/w/w) at a concentration of 2.5% was selected and applied for effective oil extraction and release. Several variables potentially influencing extraction yields, namely, homogenization time, incubation temperature, incubation time, mark-space ratio of ultrasound irradiation, ultrasound irradiation power, liquid-solid ratio, pH and stirring rate, were optimized by Plackett-Burman design. Among the eight variables, incubation temperature, incubation time and liquid-solid ratio were statistically significant and were further optimized by Box-Behnken design to predict optimum extraction conditions and ascertain operability ranges for maximum extraction yield. Under optimum operating conditions, extraction yields of P. pumila kernel oil were 31.89±1.12% with a Δ5-unsaturated polymethylene interrupted fatty acid content of 20.07% and an unsaturated fatty acid content of 93.47%. Our study results indicate that the proposed H-CUAEE process has enormous potential for efficient and environmentally friendly extraction of edible oils.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Fengli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Huiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China. Electronic address: ylchennefu@163.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D005524:Food Technology / Q000379:methods*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D014867:Water; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C023305:hemicellulase; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D002480:Cellulase
keywords: Homogenate-circulating ultrasound in combination with aqueous enzymatic extraction; Kernel oil; Pinus pumila; Δ5-unsaturated polymethylene interrupted fatty acids