title: Vitamin C modulates Microcystis aeruginosa death and toxin release by induced Fenton reaction.
abstract: Cyanobacterial blooms and their associated toxins pose a great threat to human beings. The situation is even worse for those whose drinking water source is a cyanotoxin-polluted water body. Therefore, efficient and safe treatments urgently need to be developed. The present study verified the application of vitamin C on the inhibition of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa. Our results showed that vitamin C drove the Fenton reaction and significantly sterilized cultures of M. aeruginosa. The algicidal activity of vitamin C was dependent on its involvement in iron (Fe) metabolism. Vitamin C enhanced iron absorption leading to high ferrous ion levels. The ferrous ion increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by Fenton reaction, which play a crucial role in the killing process. Interestingly, vitamin C also dramatically decreased the release of microcystins. This study highlights the possible benefits of using a vitamin C-induced Fenton reaction to remove M. aeruginosa and microcystins from drinking water sources.
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Atufa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawan
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China. Electronic address: xuezhen@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuezhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D057097:Harmful Algal Bloom; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D052998:Microcystins / Q000378:metabolism; D046931:Microcystis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014873:Water Pollutants; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C045076:Fenton's reagent; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D052998:Microcystins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014873:Water Pollutants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; D053148:Caspase 3; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Algicidal effect; Fenton reaction; Microcystis aeruginosa; Reactive oxygen species; Vitamin C