title: The occurrence and risk assessment of five organophosphorus pesticides in river water from Shangyu, China.
abstract: Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), which are some of the most extensively used pesticides, have drawn much attention in recent years owing to their ubiquity as well as the potential ecological and health risks they pose to aquatic organisms and even to humans. In this study, we investigated the residue of five OPs in 49 river cross sections in Shangyu, Zhejiang province, China, a rainy region with relatively developed agriculture. Correlations analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis were conducted. The results showed that dichlorvos exhibited the highest concentrations (0.01 to 5.63 μg/L) among the OPs in most monitoring sites. Weak positive correlations were found between methyl parathion and dichlorvos as well as malathion and dimethoate. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis indicated a correlation among these river cross sections. We then calculated the hazard index (HI) to estimate the potential adverse health effects. The mean HI presented no risk to adults but showed potential health risks to children, with values of 0.285, 0.228, and 0.166 for dichlorvos, methyl parathion, and dimethoate, respectively. Our study will help elucidate the potential risks of OPs and their residues in the rivers of Shangyu in the Zhejiang province in China and will be beneficial for managing water quality and will provide valuable suggestions to local policy makers. Graphical abstract Comparison of the ∑5OPs concentrations among 49 river cross sections.
authors.affiliation: College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
authors.forename: Jianqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Affiliated High School to Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310030, China.
authors.forename: An
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China. quanzhang@zjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045483:Rivers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Hazard index; Organophosphorus pesticides; Risk assessment; River water