title: Amphibians and plant-protection products: what research and action is needed?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The majority of Swiss amphibians are threatened. There is a range of factors which have been discussed as possible causes for their decline, including plant protection products (PPPs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The influence of PPPs on amphibian populations has not yet been studied to any great extent, neither for active ingredients nor for the wetting agents, breakdown products or tank mixtures. A further topic of discussion was how to better protect amphibians by reducing their exposure to PPPs in agricultural fields.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Experts at a workshop concluded that further research is needed.
authors.affiliation: Agroscope, Schloss, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aldrich
authors.affiliation: Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology Eawag-EPFL (Ecotox Centre), Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Junghans
authors.affiliation: EWP AG, 8307 Effretikon, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aeberli
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829 Landau, Germany.
authors.forename: Carsten A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Brühl
authors.affiliation: European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Pesticide Unit, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43100 Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Streissl
authors.affiliation: KARCH, Passage Maximilien-de-Meuron 6, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.|Department for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Benedikt R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Schmidt
keywords: Amphibians; Ecological risk assessment; Exposure; Pesticides; Toxicity; Workshop