title: Application of response surface methodology for the optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of essential oil from pomegranate (Punica granatumL.) peel.
abstract: Essential oils and volatile components of pomegranate (Punica granatumL.) peel of the Malas variety from Meybod, Iran, were extracted using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and hydro-distillation methods. The experimental parameters of SFE that is pressure, temperature, extraction time, and modifier (methanol) volume were optimized using a central composite design after a (24-1) fractional factorial design. Detailed chemical composition of the essential oils and volatile components obtained by hydro-distillation and optimum condition of the supercritical CO2extraction were analyzed by GC-MS, and seventy-three and forty-six compounds were identified according to their retention indices and mass spectra, respectively. The optimum SFE conditions were 350 atm pressure, 55 °C temperature, 30 min extraction time, and 150 µL methanol. Results showed that oleic acid, palmitic acid and (-)-Borneol were major compounds in both extracts. The optimum extraction yield was 1.18 % (w/w) for SFE and 0.21 % (v/w) for hydro-distillation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Katayoun Mahdavi
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ara
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raofie
keywords: Essential oil; Hydro-distillation (HD); Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel; Response surface methodology (RSM); Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)