title: Identification of viral genes associated with the interferon-inducing phenotype of a synthetic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strain.
abstract: We recently generated a fully synthetic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strain (designated as PRRSV-CON), which confers unprecedented levels of heterologous protection. We report herein that the synthetic PRRSV-CON possesses a unique phenotype in that it induces type-I interferons (IFNs) instead of suppressing these cytokines as most of the naturally occurring PRRSV isolates do. Through gain- and loss- of-function studies, the IFN-inducing phenotype of PRRSV-CON was mapped to the 3.3kb genomic fragment encoding three viral nonstructural proteins: nsp1α, nsp1β and the N-terminal part of nsp2. Further studies indicated that a cooperation among these 3 proteins was required for effective induction of IFNs. Collectively, this study constitutes the first step toward understanding the mechanisms by which the synthetic PRRSV-CON confers heterologous protection.
authors.affiliation: Nebraska Center for Virology and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583, United States.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Nebraska Center for Virology and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583, United States.
authors.forename: Asit K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pattnaik
authors.affiliation: Nebraska Center for Virology and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583, United States.
authors.forename: Fernando A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.affiliation: Nebraska Center for Virology and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583, United States. Electronic address: hiepvu@unl.edu.
authors.forename: Hiep L X
authors.initials: HLX
authors.lastname: Vu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005813:Genes, Synthetic; D016679:Genome, Viral; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D016899:Interferon-beta
keywords: Innate immunity; PRRSV; Reverse genetics; Synthetic virus