title: Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Current State of Knowledge.
abstract: As the life expectancy of people with intellectual disability (ID) has progressed, they have become similarly at risk of cancer as individuals of the general population. Epidemiological studies indicate a reduced incidence and mortality from lung cancer in the total population of persons with ID. However, the pattern is heterogeneous and the risk is strongly correlated with the impairment level; persons with mild intellectual impairment have higher cancer risk, and this subgroup also has the highest tobacco consumption (the major risk factor for lung cancer) compared to individuals with more severe impairment. Clinical presentation of lung cancer in persons with ID is often atypical, with symptoms frequently hidden by the mental state and communication impairments. Treatment can be impeded by incomplete understanding and lack of cooperation on the part of the patient; nevertheless, general principles for treating lung cancer must be applied to persons with ID. Early diagnosis and implementation of an adapted treatment plan may result in lung cancer outcomes similar to those of individuals in the general population. Physicians facing the difficult task of treating lung cancer in persons with ID are called to carry out their mission of care in a responsible, free, and creative way.
authors.affiliation: Oncodéfi, Parc Euromédecine, 209 avenue des Apothicaires, Parc Euromédecine, 34 090 Montpellier, France; Team Biostatistics Epidemiology Public Health, EA 2415, University Institute for Clinical Research, 34 093 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8255-4688
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Satgé
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94 010 Créteil, France; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kempf
authors.affiliation: Oncodéfi, Parc Euromédecine, 209 avenue des Apothicaires, Parc Euromédecine, 34 090 Montpellier, France; Radiotherapy Service, Institut de Cancérologie Val d'Aurelle, Parc Euromédecine, 208 avenue des Apothicaires, 34 298 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Bernard
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.affiliation: Department of Fundamental Health Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.affiliation: Descartes University, Paris, France; Unit of Thoracic Oncology Service, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, 185 rue Raymond Losserand, 75 014 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trédaniel