title: Is there a role for IGF-1 in the development of second primary cancers?
abstract: Cancer survival rates are increasing, and as a result, more cancer survivors are exposed to the risk of developing a second primary cancer (SPC). It has been hypothesized that one of the underlying mechanisms for this risk could be mediated by variations in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). This review summarizes the current epidemiological evidence to identify whether IGF-1 plays a role in the development of SPCs. IGF-1 is known to promote cancer development by inhibiting apoptosis and stimulating cell proliferation. Epidemiological studies have reported a positive association between circulating IGF-1 levels and various primary cancers, such as breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer. The role of IGF-1 in increasing SPC risk has been explored less. Nonetheless, several experimental studies have observed a deregulation of the IGF-1 pathway, which may explain the association between IGF-1 and SPCs. Thus, measuring serum IGF-1 may serve as a useful marker in assessing the risk of SPCs, and therefore, more translational experimental and epidemiological studies are needed to further disentangle the role of IGF-1 in the development of specific SPCs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Studies, Cancer Epidemiology Group, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Thurkaa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shanmugalingam
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Studies, Cancer Epidemiology Group, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.affiliation: Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anne J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ridley
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Studies, Cancer Epidemiology Group, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Hemelrijck
mesh_terms: D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1
keywords: Breast cancer; IGF-1; colorectal cancer; lung cancer; prostate cancer; second primary cancer