title: The biological function and significance of CD74 in immune diseases.
abstract: CD74 (MHC class II invariant chain, Ii) is a non-polymorphic type II transmembrane glycoprotein. It is clear that, in addition to be an MHC class II chaperone, CD74 has a diversity of biological functions in physiological and pathological situations. CD74 also participates in other non-MHC II protein trafficking, such as angiotensin II type I receptor. In addition, CD74 is a cell membrane high-affinity receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT/MIF-2) and bacterial proteins. CD74 also regulates T-cell and B-cell developments, dendritic cell (DC) motility, macrophage inflammation, and thymic selection. The activation of receptor complex CD74/CD44 may lead to multiple intracellular signal pathways, such as the activation of the extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, the PI3K-Akt signal transduction cascade, NFκB, and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. CD74 plays important roles in many inflammatory diseases, such as liver fibrosis, type I diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Alzheimer disease. In this study, we will focus on the immunological functions of CD74 molecules and its roles in immune-relevant disorders.
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Huiting
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gong Ti Nan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. zhangxiaodong@bjcyh.com.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China. zhaoy@ioz.ac.cn.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. zhaoy@ioz.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; C045084:invariant chain
keywords: CD74; Inflammation; Innate immunity; MIF