title: Fluorescence Visual Detection of Herbal Product Substitutions at Terminal Herbal Markets by CCP-based FRET technique.
abstract: Inaccurate labeling of materials used in herbal products may compromise the therapeutic efficacy and may pose a threat to medicinal safety. In this paper, a rapid (within 3 h), sensitive and visual colorimetric method for identifying substitutions in terminal market products was developed using cationic conjugated polymer-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (CCP-based FRET). Chinese medicinal materials with similar morphology and chemical composition were clearly distinguished by the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping method. Assays using CCP-based FRET technology showed a high frequency of adulterants in Lu-Rong (52.83%) and Chuan-Bei-Mu (67.8%) decoction pieces, and patented Chinese drugs (71.4%, 5/7) containing Chuan-Bei-Mu ingredients were detected in the terminal herbal market. In comparison with DNA sequencing, this protocol simplifies procedures by eliminating the cumbersome workups and sophisticated instruments, and only a trace amount of DNA is required. The CCP-based method is particularly attractive because it can detect adulterants in admixture samples with high sensitivity. Therefore, the CCP-based detection system shows great potential for routine terminal market checks and drug safety controls.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P. R. China.|Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of resources, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Libing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Luqi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis*; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D028321:Plant Preparations