title: Present and future of personalized medicine in CLL.
abstract: Medicine has been 'personalized' (i.e. centred in persons) since its foundation. Recently, however, the term 'personalized medicine' (or, better, 'precision medicine') has been introduced to define 'a form of medicine that uses information about a person's genes, proteins, and environment to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease'. This concept has gained momentum thanks to next-generation-sequencing (NGS) techniques that allow identification of molecular characteristics unique to the patient and to the tumour. It is hoped that NGS will not only contribute to a better understanding of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), but will identify disease subsets that could benefit from specific treatment interventions. Recent advances in diagnosis (e.g. high-resolution immunophenotyping, markers of genetic abnormalities), prognosis (e.g. biomarkers), response predictors [e.g. del(17p)/TP53 mutations even at subclonal level], treatment (e.g. BCR signalling inhibitors, BCL2 antagonists, CAR-T cells) and methods to evaluate minimal residual disease constitute good examples of tools facilitating 'personalized' management of patients with CLL.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Haematology and Oncology, Hospital Clínic University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: emontse@clinic.ub.es.
authors.forename: Emili
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Montserrat
authors.affiliation: Institute of Haematology and Oncology, Hospital Clínic University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Tycho
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Haematology and Oncology, Hospital Clínic University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado
mesh_terms: D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D058496:Smith-Magenis Syndrome; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
keywords: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; Next-generation sequencing; Personalized medicine; Predictive factors; Prognostic factors