title: Coronary Atherosclerosis T1-Weighed Characterization With Integrated Anatomical Reference: Comparison With High-Risk Plaque Features Detected by Invasive Coronary Imaging.
abstract: The aim of this work is the development of coronary atherosclerosis T1-weighted characterization with integrated anatomical reference (CATCH) technique and the validation by comparison with high-risk plaque features (HRPF) observed on intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) and invasive coronary angiography.
  
  
  
  T1-weighted cardiac magnetic resonance with or without contrast media has been used for characterizing coronary atherosclerosis showing promising prognostic value. Several limitations include: 1) coverage is limited to proximal coronary segments; 2) spatial resolution is low and often anisotropic; and 3) a separate magnetic resonance angiography acquisition is needed to localize lesions.
  
  
  
  CATCH acquired dark-blood T1-weighted images and bright-blood anatomical reference images in an interleaved fashion. Retrospective motion correction with 100% respiratory gating efficiency was achieved. Reference control subjects (n = 13) completed both pre- and post-contrast scans. Stable angina patients (n = 30) completed pre-contrast scans, among whom 26 eligible patients also completed post-contrast scans. After cardiac magnetic resonance, eligible patients (n = 22) underwent invasive coronary angiography and OCT for the interrogation of coronary atherosclerosis. OCT images were assessed and scored for HRPF (lipid-richness, macrophages, cholesterol crystals, and microvessels) by 2 experienced analysts blinded to magnetic resonance results.
  
  
  
  Per-subject analysis showed none of the 13 reference control subjects had coronary hyperintensive plaques (CHIP) in either pre-contrast or post-contrast CATCH. Five patients had CHIP on pre-contrast CATCH and 5 patients had CHIP on post-contrast CATCH. Patients with CHIP had greater lipid abnormality than those without. Per-segment analysis showed elevated pre- and post-contrast plaque to myocardium signal ratio in the lesions with HRPF versus those without. Positive correlation was observed between plaque to myocardium signal ratio and OCT HRPF scoring. CHIP on pre-contrast CATCH were associated with significantly higher stenosis level than non-CHIP on invasive coronary angiography.
  
  
  
  CATCH provided accelerated whole heart coronary plaque characterization with simultaneously acquired anatomical reference. CHIP detected by CATCH showed positive association with high-risk plaque features on invasive imaging studies.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Yibin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Jianing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Christopher T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Zixin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung Wook
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Zhaoyang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: C Noel
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Bairey Merz
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Prediman K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Biomedical Imaging Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: hjchang@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Hyuk-Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: debiao.li@cshs.org.
authors.forename: Debiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: atherosclerosis; inflammation; intraplaque hemorrhage; magnetic resonance imaging; optical coherence tomography