title: Oral magnesium supplementation improves endothelial function and attenuates subclinical atherosclerosis in thiazide-treated hypertensive women.
abstract: Epidemiological studies demonstrate an inverse association between serum magnesium and incidence of cardiovascular disease. Diuretics commonly cause hypomagneseamia.
  
  
  
  We evaluated effects of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure (BP) and vascular function in thiazide-treated hypertensive women in a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. Hypertensive women (40-65 years) on hydrochlorothiazide and mean 24-h BP at least 130/80 mmHg were divided into placebo and supplementation (magnesium chelate 600 mg/day) groups. Patients were evaluated for nutritional and biochemical parameters, office and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, brachial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), peripheral arterial tonometry, assessment of carotid intima-media thickness, central hemodynamic parameters and pulse wave velocity at inclusion and after 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  
  The magnesium group had a significant reduction in SBP (144 ± 17 vs. 134 ± 14 mmHg, P = 0.036) and DBP (88 ± 9 vs. 81 ± 8 mmHg, P = 0.005) at 6 months, without effect on plasma glucose, lipids, or arterial stiffness parameters. The placebo group showed a significant increase in carotid intima-media thickness (0.78 ± 0.13 vs. 0.89 ± 0.14 mm, P = 0.033) without change in the magnesium group (0.79 ± 0.16 vs. 0.79 ± 0.19 mm, P = 0.716) after 6 months. The magnesium group demonstrated a significant increase in variation of FMD vs. the placebo group (+3.7 ± 2.1 vs. 2.4 ± 1.2%, P = 0.015). There was a significant correlation between the intracellular magnesium variation and FMD (r = 0.44, P = 0.011).
  
  
  
  Magnesium supplementation was associated with better BP control, improved endothelial function and amelioration of subclinical atherosclerosis in these thiazide-treated hypertensive women.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University bSchool of Nutrition, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil cInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Ana Rosa
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Jenifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: D'El-Rei
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Umbelino
authors.forename: Wille
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Oigman
authors.forename: Rhian M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Touyz
authors.forename: Mario F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Neves
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium