title: Comparison between an instructor-led course and training using a voice advisory manikin in initial cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill acquisition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared training using a voice advisory manikin (VAM) with an instructor-led (IL) course in terms of acquisition of initial cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills, as defined by the 2010 resuscitation guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a randomized, controlled, blinded, parallel-group trial. We recruited 82 first-year emergency medical technician students and distributed them randomly into two groups: the IL group (n=41) and the VAM group (n=37). In the IL-group, participants were trained in "single-rescuer, adult CPR" according to the American Heart Association's Basic Life Support course for healthcare providers. In the VAM group, all subjects received a 20-minute lesson about CPR. After the lesson, each student trained individually with the VAM for 1 hour, receiving real-time feedback. After the training, all subjects were evaluated as they performed basic CPR (30 compressions, 2 ventilations) for 4 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of participants with a mean compression depth ≥50 mm was 34.1% in the IL group and 27.0% in the VAM group, and the proportion with a mean compression depth ≥40 mm had increased significantly in both groups compared with ≥50 mm (IL group, 82.9%; VAM group, 86.5%). However, no significant differences were detected between the groups in this regard. The proportion of ventilations of the appropriate volume was relatively low in both groups (IL group, 26.4%; VAM group, 12.5%; P=0.396).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both methods, the IL training using a practice-while-watching video and the VAM training, facilitated initial CPR skill acquisition, especially in terms of correct chest compression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Mun Ki
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Ran
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Yeom
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong In
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Maeng Real
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Kyoon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Chang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Park
keywords: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Education; Manikins; Teaching materials