title: Phytochemicals and Cytotoxicity ofLaunaea procumbenson Human Cancer Cell Lines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The plantLaunaea procumbensbelongs to the family Asteraceae and traditionally used in the treatment rheumatism, kidney, liver dysfunctions and eye diseases. In the present study Phytochemical analysis and fractions of methanolic extract ofL. procumbensleaves were testedin vitrofor their cytotoxicity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Phytochemical analysis and cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract and fractions ofLaunaea procumbensagainst four cancer cell lines K562, HeLa, MIA-Pa-Ca-2 and MCF-2 by SRB assay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Powdered leaves ofLaunaea procumbenswere extracted sequentially with hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water by cold extraction. Phytochemical analysis and cytotoxicity assay were carried out for these fractions using SRB assay against four human cancer cell lines, namely leukemia (K562), cervix (HeLa), pancreatic (MIA-Pa-Ca-2) and breast (MCF-7).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ethyl acetate extract exerts potent cytotoxicity against human leukemia (K562), cervix (HeLa) and breast (MCF-7) cell lines IC50value of 25.30±0.50, 19.80±0.10 and 36.90±4.90 μg/ml respectively. Moderately cytotoxic effect found in hexane extract IC50value of 41±8 and 48.20±0.50 μg/ml against leukemia (K562), and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell line respectively. The Chemical composition analyzed by GC-MS showed considerable differences in solvent fractions ofLaunaea procumbens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed the cytotoxic potential of ethyl acetate and hexane fractions ofL. procumbensleaves on different cancer cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ethyl acetate and Hexane fractions ofLaunaea procumbensplant exhibit cytotoxicity. Among the different fractions Ethyl acetate showed relatively higher cytotoxicity.Ethyl acetate found more cytotoxic against leukemia (K 562), cervix (HeLa) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. Moderete cytotoxicity found in hexane fraction against leukemia (K 562) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell line.GC-MS results showedL. procumbensis a rich source of 1-H- pyrazole, 1-H-imidazole, β -amyrin, α -amyrin and lupeol. These compounds may be attributed for the cytotoxic activity.Abbreviations used:SRB: Sulforhodamine B assay, MW: Molecular weight.
authors.affiliation: Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rawat
authors.affiliation: Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Lokesh M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Saroj
authors.affiliation: Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Tryambak D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tewari
authors.affiliation: Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Mahesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pal
keywords: Cytotoxicity; SRB assay; fractions Launaea procumbens