title: Pathogen-dependent role of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) interferon-gamma.
abstract: Interferon-gamma has been typically described as a pro-inflammatory cytokine playing an important role in the resolution of both viral and bacterial diseases. Nevertheless, some anti-inflammatory functions are also attributed to this molecule. In this work we have characterized for the first time the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) interferon-gamma gene (ifng) and its expression pattern under basal conditions, after type I IFNs administration, and viral and bacterial infection. The intramuscular injection of an expression plasmid encoding turbot Ifng (pMCV1.4-ifng) was not able to affect the transcription of numerous immune genes directly related to the activity of IFN-gamma, with the exception of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (csf1). It was also unable to reduce the mortality caused by a Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) or Aeromonas salmonicida challenge. Interestingly, at 24 h post-infection, turbot previously inoculated with pMCV1.4-ifng and infected with VHSV showed an increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I IFNs compared to those fish not receiving expression plasmid, indicating a synergic effect of Ifng and VHSV. On the other hand, some macrophage markers, such as the macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (marco), were down-regulated by Ifng during the viral infection. Ifng had the opposite effect in those turbot infected with the bacteria, showing a reduction in the transcription of pro-inflammatory and type I IFNs genes, and an increase in the expression of genes related to the activity of macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pereiro
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forn-Cuni
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Figueras
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain. Electronic address: beatriznovoa@iim.csic.es.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Novoa
mesh_terms: D048409:Aeromonas salmonicida / Q000502:physiology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005412:Flatfishes; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029141:Novirhabdovirus / Q000502:physiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029941:Fish Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Bacteria; Inflammation; Interferon-gamma; Macrophages activity; Teleost; Turbot; Type I interferons; Virus