title: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy.
abstract: Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are engineered molecules that can be introduced into T cells to enable them to target specific tumor antigens. CAR T cells targeting CD19 have shown promise in patients with relapsed and refractory B-cell neoplasms, including those with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Notably, durable responses have been observed in patients who had not undergone consolidative stem cell transplant, a finding that correlates with reports of T-cell persistence and B-cell aplasia in studies of anti-CD19 treatment in vivo. Cytokine release syndrome, correlating with activation and expansion of T cells, and neurologic toxicity are the most significant treatment-related adverse effects. Efforts are underway to extend the benefits of immunotherapy with anti-CD19 CAR T cells to other targets and tumor types.
authors.forename: Noelle V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Porter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D007938:Leukemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins