title: Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei Culture Filtrates and Artichoke Polyphenols on Cytokine Production by Dendritic Cells.
abstract: The most recent trend in research on probiotic bacteria aims at the exploitation of bioactive bacterial compounds that are responsible for health-promoting effects and suitable for medical applications. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to ascertain if the immunomodulatory effects ofL. paracaseistrains on dendritic cells (DCs) were caused by bacterial metabolites released in the culture medium. For that reason, bacterial strains were grown in two media generally used for the culture of DCs, and the effects of culture filtrates on the maturation of DCs and cytokine production were evaluated. Moreover, to reveal potential synergistic effects on the immunomodulation of DCs, an artichoke phenolic extract (APE) was added to the media before bacterial growth. The experiments pointed out an interesting anti-inflammatory activity of a culture filtrate obtained after growing a probioticL. paracaseistrain in one of the media supplemented with APE. Therefore, this culture filtrate-which combines the anti-inflammatory activity and the other well-known health-promoting properties of artichoke phenolic compounds-could represent the basis for future particular exploitations.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, Bari 70126, Italy. angelo.sisto@ispa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sisto
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 52, Avellino 83100, Italy. mluongo@isa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Diomira
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luongo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 52, Avellino 83100, Italy. luciatrep@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Treppiccione
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, Bari 70126, Italy. mirella.debellis@ispa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Palmira
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Bellis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, Bari 70126, Italy. donato.divenere@ispa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Donato
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Di Venere
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, Bari 70126, Italy. paola.lavermicocca@ispa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lavermicocca
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 52, Avellino 83100, Italy. mrossi@isa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D031943:Cynara scolymus / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D000069980:Lacticaseibacillus paracasei / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019936:Probiotics
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: artichoke phenolic compounds; dendritic cells; immunomodulatory bacterial metabolites; probiotic bacteria