title: Idiopathic sclerosing orbital inflammation mimicking a malignant spindle cell tumor in a dog.
abstract: A dog presented with a retrobulbar mass, diagnosed histopathologically as malignant spindle cell neoplasia. Emergence of analogous findings in the contralateral orbit prompted extended immunohistochemistry of the original mass and reassignment to idiopathic sclerosing orbital inflammation. Early incisional biopsy with extended immunohistochemical analysis should be considered for canine orbital tumors.
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Small Animals Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Midlothian UK.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3209-5019
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marie Rzechorzek
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Midlothian UK.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Small Animals Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian UK.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Small Animals Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian UK.
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liuti
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Small Animals Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian UK.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elders
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Small Animals Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian UK.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Small Animals Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian UK.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Small Animals Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian UK.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marioni-Henry
keywords: Case report; IgG4; exophthalmos; idiopathic orbital inflammation; lymphoplasmacytic infiltration; magnetic resonance imaging; radiation therapy; retrobulbar