title: The risks of using allogeneic cell lines for vaccine production: the example of Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia.
abstract: Bovine neonatal pancytopenia (BNP) is a hemorrhagic disease that emerged in calves across Europe in 2007. Its occurrence is attributed to immunization of the calf's mother with a vaccine produced using an allogeneic cell line. Vaccine-induced alloantibodies specific for major-histocompatibility class I antigens are transferred from the mother to the calf via colostrum, leading to profound depletion of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells that is often fatal. Areas covered: Pubmed and Web of Science were used to search for literature relevant to BNP and the use of allogeneic vaccine cell lines. Following a review of the pathology and pathogenesis of this novel condition, we discuss potential risks associated with the use of allogeneic vaccine cell lines. Expert commentary: Although BNP is associated with a specific vaccine, it highlights safety concerns common to all vaccines produced using allogeneic cell lines. Measures to prevent similar vaccine-induced alloimmune-mediated adverse events in the future are discussed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands.|b Department of Medical Microbiology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lindert
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benedictus
authors.affiliation: c The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies , University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush , Midlothian , Scotland , UK.
authors.forename: Charlotte R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002460:Cell Line; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D010198:Pancytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D007518:Isoantibodies; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
keywords: Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP); Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC I); Vaccine safety; alloantibody; allogeneic; alloimmune; cell line; colostrum; hematopoietic; vaccine production