title: Choline transporter-like1 (CHER1) is crucial for plasmodesmata maturation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: Plasmodesmata (PD) are microscopic pores connecting plant cells and enable cell-to-cell transport. Currently, little information is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating PD formation and development. To uncover components of PD development we made use of the 17 kDa movement protein (MP17) encoded by the Potato leafroll virus (PLRV). The protein is required for cell-to-cell movement of the virus and localises to complex PD. Forward genetic screening for Arabidopsis mutants with altered PD binding of MP17 revealed several mutant lines, while molecular genetics, biochemical and microscopic studies allowed further characterisation. Map-based cloning of one mutant revealed a point mutation in the choline transporter-like 1 (CHER1) protein, changing glycine247into glutamate. Mutation in CHER1 resulted in a starch excess phenotype and stunted growth. Ultrastructure analysis of shoot apical meristems, developing and fully developed leaves showed reduced PD numbers and the absence of complex PD in fully developed leaves. This indicates that cher1 mutants are impaired in PD formation and development. Global lipid profiling revealed only slight modifications in the overall lipid composition, however, altered composition of PD-associated lipids cannot be ruled out. Thus, cher1 is devoid of complex PD in developed leaves and provides insights into the formation of complex PD at the molecular level.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Max E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kraner
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Link
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466, Seeland, Gatersleben, OT, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Melzer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-91054, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Arif B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ekici
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-91054, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uebe
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biochemistry, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077, Goettingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tarazona
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biochemistry, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077, Goettingen, Germany.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077, Goettingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Feussner
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sonnewald
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018519:Meristem / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009154:Mutation; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D031425:Plasmodesmata / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins; C000624412:choline transporter-like1 protein, Arabidopsis
keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana; At3g15380; CHER1; MP17; Plasmodesmata; choline transporter-like 1; lipidomics; movement protein