title: Alfentanil versus ketamine combined with propofol for sedation during upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy in morbidly obese patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of both propofol/alfentanil and propofol/ketamine on sedation during upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy in morbidly obese patients (UGSEMOP).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective, double-blinded, randomized clinical study, 52 patients scheduled for UGSEMOP were assigned to either group A (n=26; 10 µg/kg intravenous [IV] alfentanil) or group K (n=26; 0.5 mg/kg IV ketamine). Each patient was administered 0.7 mg/kg propofol for induction. If it was needed, the patients were administered an additional dose of IV propofol. This study was performed in Sehitkamil State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey, between January 2014-2015. Total propofol consumption, time to achieve Modified Aldrete Scores (MAS) of 5 and 10 following the procedure, physician and patient satisfaction scores, and instances of side effects, such as bradycardia and hypotension were recorded. Results: Time to onset of sedation and duration of sedation were both significantly shorter in group A. Patients in group A also required less time to achieve an MAS of 5. Total propofol consumption was significantly lower in group A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both propofol/alfentanil and propofol/ketamine combinations provided appropriate hypnosis and analgesia during UGSEMOP. However, propofol consumption was significantly higher using the propofol/ketamine combination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Şehitkamil State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey. E-mail. drertugrulkilic@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ertugrul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kılıc
authors.forename: Barış
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demiriz
authors.forename: Nurgül
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Isıkay
authors.forename: Abdullah E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Yıldırım
authors.forename: Selman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Can
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Basmacı
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015760:Alfentanil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D054810:Deep Sedation / Q000379:methods; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015760:Alfentanil; D007649:Ketamine; D015742:Propofol