title: Discriminating the Difference between Remote and Close Association with Relation to White-Matter Structural Connectivity.
abstract: Remote association is a core ability that influences creative output. In contrast to close association, remote association is commonly agreed to be connected with more original and unique concepts. However, although existing studies have discovered that creativity is closely related to the white-matter structure of the brain, there are no studies that examine the relevance between the connectivity efficiencies and creativity of the brain regions from the perspective of networks. Consequently, this study constructed a brain white matter network structure that consisted of cerebral tissues and nerve fibers and used graph theory to analyze the connection efficiencies among the network nodes, further illuminating the differences between remote and close association in relation to the connectivity of the brain network. Researchers analyzed correlations between the scores of 35 healthy adults with regard to remote and close associations and the connectivity efficiencies of the white-matter network of the brain. Controlling for gender, age, and verbal intelligence, the remote association positively correlated with the global efficiency and negatively correlated with the levels of small-world. A close association negatively correlated with the global efficiency. Notably, the node efficiency in the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) positively correlated with remote association and negatively correlated with close association. To summarize, remote and close associations work differently as patterns in the brain network. Remote association requires efficient and convenient mutual connections between different brain regions, while close association emphasizes the limited connections that exist in a local region. These results are consistent with previous results, which indicate that creativity is based on the efficient integration and connection between different regions of the brain and that temporal lobes are the key regions for discriminating remote and close associations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chinglin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
authors.forename: Suyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsuehchih
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003405:Creativity; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014888:Wechsler Scales; D066127:White Matter / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult