title: Chlamydia Peritonitis and Ascites Mimicking Ovarian Cancer.
abstract: Background. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) rarely results in diffuse ascites. Severe adhesive disease secondary to PID may lead to the formation of inclusion cysts and even pelvic peritoneal nodularity due to postinflammatory scarring and cause an elevation of serum CA-125 levels. The constellation of these findings may mimic an ovarian neoplasm.Case. We report a case of a 22-year-old female who presented with multiple pelvic cysts and diffuse ascites due toChlamydia trachomatisinfection. The initial gynecologic exam did not reveal obvious evidence of PID; however, a positiveChlamydia trachomatistest, pathologic findings, and the exclusion of other etiologies facilitated the diagnosis.Conclusion.Chlamydia trachomatisand other infectious agents should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a young sexually active female with abdominal pain, ascites, and pelvic cystic masses. Thorough workup in such a population may reduce the number of more invasive procedures as well as unnecessary repeat surgical procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Jamaica, NY 11418, USA.
authors.forename: Anar
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2649-5326
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gojayev
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford University Hospital and Clinics, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Diana P
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1251-715X
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: English
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macer
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azodi