title: Thalamo-cortical network activity during spontaneous migraine attacks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We used MRI to search for changes in thalamo-cortical networks and thalamic microstructure during spontaneous migraine attacks by studying at the same time structure with diffusion tensor imaging and resting state function in interconnected brain networks with independent component analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients with untreated migraine without aura (MI) underwent 3T MRI scans during an attack and were compared to a group of 19 healthy controls (HC). We collected resting state data in 2 selected networks identified using group independent component (IC) analysis. Fractional anisotropy (FA) values of bilateral thalami were calculated in the same participants and correlated with resting state IC z scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Functional connectivity between the executive and the dorso-ventral attention networks was reduced in MI compared to HC. In HC, but not in MI, the higher the IC24 z score, encompassing interconnected areas of the dorso-ventral attention system, the lower the bilateral thalamic FA values. In patients, the higher the executive control network z scores, the lower the number of monthly migraine days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide evidence for abnormal connectivity between the thalamus and attentional cerebral networks at rest during migraine attacks. This abnormality could subtend the known ictal impairment of cognitive performance and suggests that the latter might worsen with increasing attack frequency.
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium. gianluca.coppola@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Renzo
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tinelli
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Cherubino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serrao
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schoenen
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology (G.C., A.D.R., V.P.), G.B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Rome; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (E.T.), Neuroradiology Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome; Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus Foundation (C.D.L.), Milan; Laboratory of Psychophysiology (C.D.L.), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (M.S., F.P.), "Sapienza" University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina; IRCCS Neuromed (F.P.), Pozzilli (IS), Italy; and Headache Research Unit (J.S.), Department of Neurology-CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pierelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020326:Migraine without Aura / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D012146:Rest; D013788:Thalamus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*