title: Which echocardiographic parameter is a better marker of volume status in hemodialysis patients?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bio-impedance analysis (BIA) is a preferred method for estimating the volume status. However, it cannot be utilized in daily practice. Since the assessment of the volume status is important and challenging for hemodialysis (HD) patients, the aim of study was to determine the volume status in chronic HD patients using echocardiographic parameters and assess its correlation with BIA.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional analysis, echocardiography and BIA were performed on 30 chronic HD patients 30 min before and 30 min after dialysis. All the cases of dialysis were performed in the middle of the week. This study also assessed the correlation between echocardiographic parameters and BIA parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences between ECW, TBW, and TBW% (TBW/W) before and after HD. Significant differences were observed between echocardiographic parameters of IVCD, IVCDimin, IVCDimaxbefore and after the HD. LVEDD, LVESD, LA area, mitral valve inflow, E/E', and IVRT, were improved after dialysis, too. There was a significant correlation between IVCDiminas an index of volume status, ECW% and TBW% before HD and IVCDiminchange after dialysis had a significant correlation with %ECW change after dialysis. Comparison between hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups indicated IVCDiminwas significantly lower in non-hypertensive group after dialysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed a correlation between IVCDiminand BIA parameters before HD. So, it seems that IVCDimincan be a good parameter for determining the volume status of HD patients. However, further studies, with larger sample size and with a prospective study design, are required to confirm these results.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nephrology , Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.|b Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Tahereh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sabaghian
authors.affiliation: b Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.|c Department of Cardiology , Shahid Labbafi Nejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Bahareh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hajibaratali
authors.affiliation: b Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.|d Department of Nephrology , Shahid Labbafi Nejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Shiva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samavat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D001823:Body Composition; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Bio-impedance analysis; Hemodialysis; echocardiography; hydration status; inferior vena cava diameter