title: Determinants of lymph node status in women with breast cancer: A hospital based study from eastern India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Number of metastatic lymph nodes has a strong prognostic value in the course of breast cancer treatment, morbidity and mortality. This study was undertaken to determine the association between axillary lymph node metastasis and several variables such as age, tumour size, grade, lymphovascular invasion, oestrogen and progesterone receptor expression and HER2/neu status in patients with breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study 426 (with complete information on study variables) patients with breast cancer on treatment during March 2010 to December 2013, were analyzed. TNM (tumour node matastasis) staging was evaluated. The histological grading of tumours was done according to modified Bloom-Richardson Grading System. The immunophenotype of the tumour was determined as the expression of oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors and Her0 2/neu status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to determine the independent predictors of metastatic lymph node.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the studied patients, 44.36 per cent (189 of 426) of the patients had nodal metastases. t0 umour histology, tumour grade, size and lympho-vascular invasion were related with node positivity. On univariate analysis, age, menopause, hormone receptor status did not relate with the node metastasis. Age, tumour grade, tumour size, lympho-vascular invasion and HER2/neu expression was likely to be associated with the number of lymph node metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lymph node status was associated with clinical stage, tumour grade, tumour histology and HER2/neu status. t0 hese factors may be used for better management of such patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Abhijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecological Oncology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Chinmoy Kumar
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Jayasri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Basak
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Aditya Narayan
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Ananda Mohan College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Raghwendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Ashis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhyay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001365:Axilla / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C506487:ESR1 protein, human; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human