title: Delayed Diagnosis of Iatrogenic Bladder Perforation in a Neonate.
abstract: Iatrogenic bladder injuries have been reported in the neonate during umbilical artery/vein catheterization, voiding cystourethrogram, urinary catheterizations, and overwhelming hypoxic conditions. Patients with iatrogenic bladder perforations can present with acute abdomen indicating urinary peritonitis, septic-uremic shock, or subtle symptoms like abdominal distension, pain, hematuria, uremia, electrolyte imbalances, and/or difficulty urinating. The following neonatal case report of perforated bladder includes a review of the signs, symptoms, diagnostic tools, and management of bladder injury in neonates.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
authors.forename: Antoinette S
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7041-9075
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Birs
authors.affiliation: Neonatology, Winnie Palmer Hospital, 83 W. Miller St, Orlando, FL 32806, USA.
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; Pediatric Urology, Arnold Palmer Children's Hospital, 92 W. Miller St, Orlando, FL 32806, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; Pediatric Urology, Arnold Palmer Children's Hospital, 92 W. Miller St, Orlando, FL 32806, USA.
authors.forename: Hubert S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Swana