title: Beneficial effect of lixisenatide after 76 weeks of treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis from the GetGoal programme.
abstract: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of lixisenatide, a short-acting, prandial glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) as add-on therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  
  A meta-analysis of 76-week results of 5 placebo-controlled clinical trials from the GetGoal programme was performed, including 3000 inadequately controlled adult diabetic patients where lixisenatide 20 µg once-daily was administered in combination with metformin (GetGoal-M and GetGoal-F1), sulphonylurea ± metformin (GetGoal-S), basal insulin ± metformin (GetGoal-L) or pioglitazone ± metformin (GetGoal-P).
  
  
  
  A significant reduction in HbA1c at 76 weeks was observed in the intervention arm compared to placebo (LSM difference: -0.41%, 95%CI: -0.51, -0.32, P < .00001). Compared to placebo, lixisenatide induced a larger decrease in fasting plasma glucose (LSM difference -0.49 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.71, -0.27, P < .0001) and postprandial glucose excursion after a standard test meal (LSM difference -3.29 mmol/L, 95% CI -4.17, -2.42, P < .00001). A bodyweight reduction was observed in the lixisenatide arm (LSM difference -0.40 kg, 95%CI: -0.8, -0.01, P = .05). The risk of hypoglycaemia was slightly higher with lixisenatide vs placebo (risk difference +0.02, 95% CI: 0, 0.04, P = .04). The most commonly observed non-severe adverse events were nausea and vomiting, which after week 16 and week 8, were steadily <4% and <1% in the lixisenatide arm, respectively.
  
  
  
  Lixisenatide, a once-daily prandial GLP-1 RA, provides long-term glycaemic control, a sustained beneficial effect on weight and with a good safety profile.
authors.affiliation: S.C.D.U. Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria San Giovanni Battista "le Molinette", Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Broglio
authors.affiliation: Diabetology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mannucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Napoli
authors.affiliation: Center for Outcomes Research and Clinical Epidemiology, CORESEARCH, Pescara, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicolucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, UOC Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Purrello
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nikonova
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stager
authors.affiliation: Sanofi, Bridgewater, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trevisan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D019518:Postprandial Period; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced; D000067758:Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008687:Metformin; D010455:Peptides; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C479460:lixisenatide; D000067758:Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor
keywords: 
  GLP-1 RA
  ; diabetes mellitus; glycosylated; haemoglobin A
  ; hypoglycaemia; lixisenatide; long-term efficacy; long-term safety