title: Surface Roughness of Initial Enamel Caries Lesions in Human Teeth After Resin Infiltration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low viscosity resin infiltration of initial caries lesions is a modern microinvasive method to treat initial cries lesions. However, only scarce information is available about the long-term surface alterations of infiltrated lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight premolar teeth exhibiting non-cavitated initial caries lesions (International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS code 1&2)) were divided into two groups, one of which was infiltrated with resin, and the other remained untreated. The teeth underwent two thermocycling procedures. The surface roughness was determined quantitatively, and the results were evaluated statistically. In addition, the surfaces of the lesions were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the surface was analyzed visually with respect to surface irregularities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed a reduction in the surface roughness that was significant after 2500 thermocycles compared to the untreated surface. In the control specimens, no change in the surface roughness was found. The qualitative SEM data also showed a smooth surface after thermocycling, which supported the statistical findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After thermocycling, resin-infiltrated enamel surfaces become smoother and had no additional risk for plaque accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University (UW/H), Witten, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University (UW/H), Witten, Germany.
authors.forename: Ann-Kathrin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University (UW/H), Witten, Germany.
authors.forename: Ella A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Naumova
keywords: Caries treatment; Initial caries; Resin infiltration; Surface roughness; Thermocycling