title: Methods comparison, transport and distribution of polar herbicides in the Baltic Sea.
abstract: Two LC-MS/MS methods including different sample preparation and quantitative processes showed a good agreement for analysis of the herbicides MCPA, mecoprop, isoproturon, bentazon and chloridazon, and the metabolite chloridazon-methyl-desphenyl (CMD) in estuarine waters. Due to different sensitivity of the methods only one could be used to analyze marine samples. The transport of these compounds to the Baltic Sea via ten German estuaries and their distribution between coastal water and sediments was studied. The results showed that all selected compounds can be transported to the Baltic Sea (0.9-747ng/L). Chloridazon, bentazon, isoproturon and CMD were detected (0.9-8.9ng/L) in the coastal waters and chloridazon and isorproturon in the sediments (5-136pg/g d.w.). Levels of contaminants in the sediments could be influenced by the total organic carbon content. Concentrations observed in the Baltic Sea are most likely not high enough to cause acute effects, but long term effect studies are strongly recommended.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemuende, Department of Marine Chemistry, Seestrasse 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany. Electronic address: wael.skeff@io-warnemuende.de.
authors.forename: Wael
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Skeff
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemuende, Department of Marine Chemistry, Seestrasse 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orlikowska
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemuende, Department of Marine Chemistry, Seestrasse 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Detlef E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Schulz-Bull
mesh_terms: D008456:2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D001454:Baltic States; D001581:Benzothiadiazines / Q000032:analysis; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D063366:Estuaries; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D011724:Pyridazines / Q000032:analysis; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001581:Benzothiadiazines; D006540:Herbicides; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011724:Pyridazines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C005586:pyrazon; C028904:isoproturon; C008340:mecoprop; D008456:2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid; C002003:bentazone
keywords: Baltic Sea; Estuaries; LC-MS/MS; Polar herbicides; Sediment; Water