title: Presurgical evaluation of bony implant sites using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography-influence of medical education.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the subjective quality rating of panoramic radiography (PAN) and CBCT in the planning of dental implant procedures by clinicians with different educational backgrounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiographic images (PAN and CBCT) of 42 patients were examined as follows: the maxillary (MX) anterior region of patients, the MX posterior region of 16 patients and the mandibular (MD) posterior region of 16 patients. These sites were used for planning of dental implant insertion. Data sets were analyzed by examiners with different training backgrounds: three general practitioners (GP), three oral surgeons (OS) and three maxillofacial surgeons (MS). A standardized questionnaire in a standardized setting was answered by participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of participants rated an additional CBCT as "required" (14.0%) or "reasonable" (56.1%). These ratings depended strongly on the area of interest (MX anterior region: 31.1 and 58.9%; MX posterior region: 14.6 and 62.5%; and MD posterior region: 2.8% and 47.9%). MS classified CBCT as required more often than GP and OS (23.8 vs 10.3 and 7.9%; p < 0.001). With the additional information of CBCT, "therapy affecting" ratings were stated high in all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Especially in the anterior and posterior MX, significant subjective benefits for an additional CBCT were seen for planning of dental implant procedures. Participants with fundamental medical education asked for CBCT more often. The results indicate that an improved education in three-dimensional dental radiology is necessary.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, University Medical Centre, University of Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dau
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Edalatpour
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Oral Surgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al-Nawas
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Prosthetic and Biomaterial Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.|5 Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Abdulmonem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alshihri
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, University Medical Centre, University of Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Peer W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kämmerer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible; D008875:Middle Aged; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: CBCT; bony implant site; education; panoramic radiography; subjective rating