title: Therapeutic Potential and Molecular Mechanisms ofEmblica officinalisGaertn in Countering Nephrotoxicity in Rats Induced by the Chemotherapeutic Agent Cisplatin.
abstract: Emblica officinalisGaertn. belonging to family Euphorbiaceae is commonly known as Indian gooseberry or "Amla" in India. It is used as a 'rejuvenating herb' in traditional system of Indian medicine. It has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. Thus, on the basis of its biological effects, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of the dried fruit extract of theE. Officinalis(EO) in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and also to evaluate the mechanism of its nephroprotection. The study was done on male albino Wistar rats. They were divided into six groups (n= 6) viz. control, cisplatin-control, cisplatin and EO (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg; p.o. respectively in different groups) and EO only (600 mg/kg; p.o. only). EO was administered orally to the rats for a period of 10 days and on the 7th day, a single injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered to the cisplatin-control and EO treatment groups. The rats were sacrificed on the 10th day. Cisplatin-control rats had deranged renal function parameters and the kidney histology confirmed the presence of acute tubular necrosis. Furthermore, there were increased oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation along with higher expression of MAPK pathway proteins in the rat kidney from the cisplatin-control group. Contrary to this, EO (600 mg/kg) significantly normalized renal function, bolstered antioxidant status and ameliorated histological alterations. The inflammation and apoptosis were markedly lower in comparison to cisplatin-control rats. Furthermore, EO (600 mg/kg) inhibited MAPK phosphorylation which was instrumental in preserving renal function and morphology. In conclusion, the results of our study demonstrated that EO attenuated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats through suppression of MAPK induced inflammation and apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Salma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Kapil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suchal
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Jagriti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sana I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vasisth
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ameesha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Shirpur, India.
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rajeev
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Dharamvir S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Arya
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University Al Ain, UAE.
authors.forename: Shreesh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ojha
keywords: Emblica officinalis; apoptosis; cisplatin; inflammation; nephrotoxicity; oxidative stress