title: Phosphoinositide-3-kinases as the Novel Therapeutic Targets for the Inflammatory Diseases: Current and Future Perspectives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, and the current and future prospects of targeting PI3Ks for various diseases, like malignant, autoimmune, inflammatory, cardiovascular, neurological disorders etc., laying special emphasis on the inflammatory diseases and associated cellular responses.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Recent findings have publicized phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks) as novel therapeutic targets, which are also purported to be involved in the complex pathophysiology of inflammatory and various other diseases. They are recognized to participate in the inflammatory cellular responses by modulating the growth, development and proliferation of various immune cells and hence, affect the release of various cytokines and other inflammatory mediators involved in these manifestations. The recent literature relating this pathway with these diseases is highlighted, with a hope, which remains for the progression of PI3K inhibitors in the market as a treatment option.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With Idelalisib entering the market for cancer, PI3K/AKT signalling has also gained significance as an investigational target for various diseases, particularly for inflammation. Based on the pharmacological, genetic, and clinical data available, PI3K/AKT signalling can be designated as an outstanding target for their treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further exploration of this pathway may also uncover its involvement in these disorders, which may further contribute to developing the new treatments and can turn out to be an innovative brainwave in the field of experimental and clinical pharmacology in future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi-110062, India.
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vyas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi-110062, India.
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vohora
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D012213:Rheumatic Fever / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
keywords: PI3K inhibitors; Phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks); immune cell signalling; immune cells; inflammation; inflammatory
  diseases