title: Dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and fuminisins of adults in Lao Cai province, Viet Nam: A total dietary study approach.
abstract: Aflatoxins, fumonisins and ochratoxin A that contaminate various agricultural commodities are considered of significant toxicity and potent human carcinogens. This study took a total dietary study approach and estimated the dietary exposure of these mycotoxins for adults living in Lao Cai province, Vietnam. A total of 42 composite food samples representing 1134 individual food samples were prepared according to normal household practices and analysed for the three mycotoxins. Results showed that the dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 (39.4 ng/kg bw/day) and ochratoxin A (18.7 ng/kg bw/day) were much higher than recommended provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) values mainly due to contaminated cereals and meat. The exposure to total fumonisins (1400 ng/kg bw/day) was typically lower than the PTDI value (2000 ng/kg bw/day). The estimated risk of liver cancer associated with exposure to aflatoxin B1 was 2.7 cases/100,000 person/year. Margin of exposure (MOE) of renal cancer linked to ochratoxin A and liver cancer associated with fumonisins were 1124 and 1954, respectively indicating risk levels of public health concern. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficiency of technical solutions which could reduce mycotoxin contamination as well as to determine the health effects of the co-exposure to different types of mycotoxins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK- 1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition, 48 Tang Bat Ho Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Bui Thi Mai
authors.initials: BTM
authors.lastname: Huong
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition, 48 Tang Bat Ho Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Le Danh
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Tuyen
authors.affiliation: Vietnam Food Administration, Ministry of Health, 138 Giang Vo Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Do Huu
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Tuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK- 1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brimer
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK- 1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: adal@sund.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dalsgaard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D011042:Poisons / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; D011042:Poisons; C025589:ochratoxin A; D016604:Aflatoxin B1
keywords: Aflatoxin B1; Fumonisins; Ochratoxin A; Risk assessment; Total diet study; Viet Nam