title: Cardiovascular risk factors in scholars (RIVACANGAS).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current guidelines for treatment of high blood pressure do not include any section dedicated to hypertension in children and adolescents or to cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention strategies in that age group. Our study was aimed at identifying cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in an adolescent sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of a sample of adolescents aged 12 to 17years (n=630), conducted from October 2014 to February 2015 in four schools in Cangas do Morrazo (Pontevedra). Sociodemographic variables: age, sex, personal and family history of hypertension and diabetes (DM). Anthropometric variables: body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), waist circumference (WC, cm), waist/height index (WHI), blood pressure (mmHg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study sample consisted of 295 female and 335 male adolescents (mean age: 13.8±1.4). CVR-related conditions: hypercholesterolemia (7.1%), CVD (1.7%), hypertension (0.8%) and diabetes (0.3%). BMI (22.0±3,8) was higher in males (22.4±3.8 vs. 21.0±3.2; P<.01). Overweight was greater in females (27.6% vs. 19.7%; P<.05). Seven percent of subjects were obese, 63.8% had systolic BP >P90 and 23.7% had diastolic BP >P90. Waist circumference positively correlated with age (r=0.1669; P<.0001) and was greater in males (75.4±10.9 vs. 72.9±8.9; P<0.01); 27.1% of adolescents had a waist circumference >P75, and 7.5% >P90. Eighty-four (13.3%) adolescents had two CVRFs (overweight+another).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite their young age, more than 10% of school children had two CVRFs. Abnormal SBP levels were seen in more than 50%, 20% were overweight, and only 75% had normal waist circumference values.
authors.affiliation: Farmacia Comunitaria. Grupo Berbés de Investigación y Docencia, Vigo, Pontevedra, España.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mera-Gallego
authors.affiliation: Farmacia Comunitaria. Grupo Berbés de Investigación y Docencia, Cangas do Morrazo, Pontevedra, España.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Farmacia Comunitaria. Grupo Berbés de Investigación y Docencia, Cangas do Morrazo, Pontevedra, España.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández-Cordeiro
authors.affiliation: Psicología, Cangas do Morrazo, Pontevedra, España.
authors.forename: Ángeles
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Reneda
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU. Grupo Berbés de Investigación y Docencia, Vigo, Pontevedra, España.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vérez-Cotelo
authors.affiliation: Farmacia Comunitaria. Grupo Berbés de Investigación y Docencia, Vigo, Pontevedra, España. Electronic address: farmaciaalaxe@galicia.com.
authors.forename: N Floro
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Andrés-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Farmacia Comunitaria. Grupo Berbés de Investigación y Docencia. Grupo de Diabetes de SEFAC y Grupo de Consensos de la SED. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Cangas do Morrazo, Pontevedra, España.
authors.forename: J Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fornos-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Sección de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario de Cruces. CIBERDEM, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, España.
authors.forename: Itxaso
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rica-Echevarría
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Adolescentes; Adolescents; Blood pressure; Body mass index; Cardiovascular risk; Circunferencia de cintura; Presión arterial; Riesgo cardiovascular; Waist circumference; Índice de masa corporal