title: OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY SHOWS INNER CHOROIDAL ISCHEMIA IN ACUTE POSTERIOR MULTIFOCAL PLACOID PIGMENT EPITHELIOPATHY.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe multimodal imaging findings of an evolving case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy occurring in a young healthy male.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report of a patient with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy including comprehensive systemic and ocular examinations. Ultra-widefield autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and serial optical coherence tomography angiography were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 34-year-old male presented with acute vision loss in his left eye for 2 weeks. His best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in his right eye and 20/200 in his left eye. Dilated funduscopic examination revealed multiple creamy white deep retinal lesions showing macular involvement of the left eye with a diffuse area of pigmentary changes. The presence of multiple areas of hypoperfusion of the inner choroid were demonstrated with fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography. Serial optical coherence tomography angiography showed multiple evolving areas of decreased flow at the level of the inner choroid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the pathogenesis of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy remains unknown, there is growing evidence of a primary choroidal involvement with secondary damage to the overlying retinal pigment epithelium and the outer retinal layers. Optical coherence tomography angiography may provide valuable information for the diagnosis and follow-up of this condition avoiding invasive angiographic procedures.
authors.affiliation: *Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York; †LuEsther T Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, New York, New York; ‡Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics Division, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California; §Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, Los Angeles, California; ¶Department of Ophthalmology, Staten Island University Hospital, New York, New York; **Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; and ††Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dolz-Marco
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarraf
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giovinazzo
authors.forename: K Bailey
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Freund
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D002829:Choroid / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002833:Choroiditis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D000080364:Multifocal Choroiditis; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence