title: Biomedical Applications of Untethered Mobile Milli/Microrobots.
abstract: Untethered robots miniaturized to the length scale of millimeter and below attract growing attention for the prospect of transforming many aspects of health care and bioengineering. As the robot size goes down to the order of a single cell, previously inaccessible body sites would become available for high-resolutionin situandin vivomanipulations. This unprecedented direct access would enable an extensive range of minimally invasive medical operations. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the current advances in biome dical untethered mobile milli/microrobots. We put a special emphasis on the potential impacts of biomedical microrobots in the near future. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges and emerging concepts associated with designing such a miniaturized robot for operation inside a biological environment for biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, and also are with Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA.
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sitti
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Wenqi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, and also are with Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giltinan
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
authors.forename: Sehyuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3G8, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diller
keywords: Biomedical engineering; medical robots; microrobots; minimally invasive surgery