title: Dynamical Mapping of Anopheles darlingi Densities in a Residual Malaria Transmission Area of French Guiana by Using Remote Sensing and Meteorological Data.
abstract: Local variation in the density of Anopheles mosquitoes and the risk of exposure to bites are essential to explain the spatial and temporal heterogeneities in the transmission of malaria. Vector distribution is driven by environmental factors. Based on variables derived from satellite imagery and meteorological observations, this study aimed to dynamically model and map the densities of Anopheles darlingi in the municipality of Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock (French Guiana). Longitudinal sampling sessions of An. darlingi densities were conducted between September 2012 and October 2014. Landscape and meteorological data were collected and processed to extract a panel of variables that were potentially related to An. darlingi ecology. Based on these data, a robust methodology was formed to estimate a statistical predictive model of the spatial-temporal variations in the densities of An. darlingi in Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock. The final cross-validated model integrated two landscape variables-dense forest surface and built surface-together with four meteorological variables related to rainfall, evapotranspiration, and the minimal and maximal temperatures. Extrapolation of the model allowed the generation of predictive weekly maps of An. darlingi densities at a resolution of 10-m. Our results supported the use of satellite imagery and meteorological data to predict malaria vector densities. Such fine-scale modeling approach might be a useful tool for health authorities to plan control strategies and social communication in a cost-effective, targeted, and timely manner.
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adde
authors.affiliation: UMR ESPACE-DEV, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roux
authors.affiliation: UMR ESPACE-DEV, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mangeas
authors.affiliation: UMR ESPACE-DEV, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dessay
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Investigation Clinique et Epidémiologie Clinique Antilles Guyane, Centre hospitalier Andrée-Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nacher
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dusfour
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Girod
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.|Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé en Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.|Unité de Parasitologie et d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France.|Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes, Faculté de Médecine La Timone, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Briolant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D005616:French Guiana; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000254:growth & development; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011156:Population Density; D011891:Rain; D058998:Remote Sensing Technology; D013696:Temperature