title: Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein-phosphorylation by ginsenoside Ro inhibits fibrinogen binding to αIIb/β3in thrombin-induced human platelets.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (αIIb/β3) is involved in platelet adhesion, and triggers a series of intracellular signaling cascades, leading to platelet shape change, granule secretion, and clot retraction. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ginsenoside Ro (G-Ro) on the binding of fibrinogen to αIIb/β3.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the effect of G-Ro on regulation of signaling molecules affecting the binding of fibrinogen to αIIb/β3, and its final reaction, clot retraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that G-Ro dose-dependently inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and attenuated the binding of fibrinogen to αIIb/β3by phosphorylating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependently vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP; Ser157). In addition, G-Ro strongly abrogated the clot retraction reflecting the intensification of thrombus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate that G-Ro is a beneficial novel compound inhibiting αIIb/β3-mediated fibrinogen binding, and may prevent platelet aggregation-mediated thrombotic disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Gyungnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Hae
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Gyungnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyuk-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Man Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Gyungnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Hwa-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
keywords: VASP (Ser157); cAMP; clot retraction; fibrinogen binding; ginsenoside Ro