title: Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Microwave-Assisted Method for Extraction of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Components from Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae.
abstract: Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have attracted significant attention as a promising green media. In this work, twenty-five kinds of benign choline chloride-based DESs with microwave-assisted methods were applied to quickly extract active components from RadixSalviae miltiorrhizae. The extraction factors, including temperature, time, power of microwave, and solid/liquid ratio, were investigated systematically by response surface methodology. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic ingredients were extracted simultaneously under the optimized conditions: 20 vol% of water in choline chloride/1,2-propanediol (1:1, molar ratio) as solvent, microwave power of 800 W, temperature at 70 °C, time at 11.11 min, and solid/liquid ratio of 0.007 g·mL-1. The extraction yield was comparable to, or even better than, conventional methods with organic solvents. The microstructure alteration of samples before and after extraction was also investigated. The method validation was tested as the linearity of analytes (r² > 0.9997 over two orders of magnitude), precision (intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD) < 2.49 and inter-day RSD < 2.96), and accuracy (recoveries ranging from 95.04% to 99.93%). The proposed DESs combined with the microwave-assisted method provided a prominent advantage for fast and efficient extraction of active components, and DESs could be extended as solvents to extract and analyze complex environmental and pharmaceutical samples.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecule Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. juechenyzm@sina.com.|Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China. juechenyzm@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecule Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. 15735170301@163.com.
authors.forename: Mengjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecule Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. 15735158577@163.com.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecule Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. duhuizhi@sxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Huizhi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecule Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. lwzhang@sxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002794:Choline / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008872:Microwaves; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D019946:Propylene Glycol / Q000737:chemistry; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D002794:Choline
keywords: Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae; deep eutectic solvents; microwave-assisted extraction; response surface methodology