title: Granular core phenomenon induced by convection in a vertically vibrated cylindrical container.
abstract: A mixture of 13X molecular sieve (13XMS) particles and glass particles with identical diameters is placed in a cylindrical container. Under vertical vibration, heavier glass particles tend to cluster and are wrapped inside the convection of 13XMS particles, resulting in the granular core phenomenon. The vibration frequency f strongly influences particle convection and particle cluster modes. By contrast, the effect of the dimensionless acceleration amplitude Γ can be neglected. For different f ranges, the granular core is classified as center-type and ring-type cores. For the center-type core, heavy particles are distributed as an approximate zeroth-order Bessel function of the first kind in the radial direction and an exponential function in the height direction. For the ring-type core, the concentration of heavy particles follows the power-series function in the radial direction. A granular transport model is then established based on heavy-particle movements under steady state to analyze the effect of vibration parameters and granular convection on density segregation.
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.|Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Chuanping
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Zi-Ang
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Kaiwei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.|Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang