title: Overexpression of autotaxin is associated with human renal cell carcinoma and bladder carcinoma and their progression.
abstract: Autotaxin (ATX) as an important tumor cell motility-stimulating factor is upregulated in many different types of cancer. ATX, a member of the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase and phosphodiesterase family of enzymes, possesses lysophospholipase D activity which hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine to generate the potent tumor growth factor and mitogen lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA acts on specific G-protein-coupled receptors, thereby regulating cell growth, migration, and survival. This study aimed to investigate the differences in gene expression pattern of ATX between cancerous and adjacent normal tissue of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and bladder carcinoma (BC) and find the correlation between ATX expression and clinicopathological features of both of these carcinomas. Both the RCC and BC tissues and with the adjacent normal tissues were collected. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis were used to detect the extent of ATX expression in all of these samples. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis revealed that expression of ATX protein in carcinoma tissues is significantly higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that ATX is localized in cytoplasm. Western blotting analysis showed that ATX protein is expressed in both RCC and BC, and the expression levels were 69.5 and 48.0 %, respectively, higher in RCC and BC carcinoma tissue samples than in the adjacent normal tissues, which is consistent with the results of immunohistochemistry study. Thus, this study provided the evidence that ATX is highly expressed in both RCC and BC. Further research can be done to identify the diagnosis and treatment significance of both these carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahsanul Kabir Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fangzhi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China. chenhanchun@mail.csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Han-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, People's Republic of China. ysong@sdut.edu.cn.|Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China. ysong@sdut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000099189:Lysophospholipase D
chemical_list: D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D000099189:Lysophospholipase D
keywords: Autotaxin; Bladder carcinoma; Immunohistochemistry; Renal cell carcinoma; Western blotting