title: Modification of the 2012 CKD-EPI equations for the elderly Chinese.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our previous studies demonstrated that 2012 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations were inaccurate enough for estimating glomerular filtration rate in elderly Chinese. Thus, this study was constructed to modify these equations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 839 subjects (aged ≥60 years) from four hospitals in China between October 2009 and December 2014 were included. A random sample of 674 (80.3 %) subjects was used as a training sample set, and the remaining 165 (19.7 %) subjects as the verification set. The equations were modified using the hill-climbing algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the original CKD-EPI equations, the accuracy assessment indexes (bias, precision, accuracy and misclassification) were obviously improved after modification. Bland-Altman analysis also demonstrated that this modification attempt gained success to some extent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified 2012 CKD-EPI equations could be more accurate than the original equations for elderly Chinese individuals.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.|Department of Nephrology, Qingdao No.8 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.|Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoshuang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Departmentof Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, School of Computer Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. zhaoweihongny@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D002681:China; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate
chemical_list: D055316:Cystatin C; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D003404:Creatinine; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Elderly; Estimation equations; Glomerular filtration rate