title: Diabetes among migrants in Denmark: Incidence, mortality, and prevalence based on a longitudinal register study of the entire Danish population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies of diabetes in migrant populations have shown a higher prevalence compared to their respective countries of origin and to people natively born in the host country, but there is little population-based data on diabetes incidence and mortality in migrant populations. The aim of the current study was (1) to describe the incidence rates and prevalence of diabetes among first generation migrants in Denmark compared to the Danish background population, and (2) to compare standardised mortality rates (SMRs) for individuals with and without diabetes according to country of origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Information was obtained from linkage of the National Diabetes Register with mortality statistics and information from the Central Personal Register on country of origin. Age- and sex-specific estimates of prevalence, incidence rates, mortality rates and SMRs relative to the part of the population without diabetes were calculated based on follow up of the entire Danish population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with native born Danes, the incidence of diabetes was about 2.5 times higher among migrants from Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, and these migrant groups also showed significantly higher prevalence. The standardised mortality rates (SMR) were higher particularly above 50years of age among most migrant groups compared with native born Danes, and with a higher annual increase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The highest diabetes incidence rates and prevalence estimates were observed among migrants from Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, and the annual increase in SMRs was higher in these groups compared to native born Danes.
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Gentofte, Denmark. Electronic address: gsa@steno.dk.
authors.forename: Gregers Stig
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Gentofte, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, Section for Health Services Research, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of Global Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Zaza
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kamper-Jørgensen
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Gentofte, Denmark.
authors.forename: Bendix
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carstensen
authors.affiliation: Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, Section for Health Services Research, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of Immigrant Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Norredam
authors.affiliation: Section of Global Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ib Christian
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Bygbjerg
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Gentofte, Denmark; Center for Health Research in Greenland, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
authors.forename: Marit Eika
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012042:Registries; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Diabetes; Epidemiology; Ethnicity; Migration incidence; Mortality