title: Intravenous lidocaine for the treatment of acute pain in the emergency department.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate intravenous lidocaine's safety and efficacy as an analgesic agent in the treatment of a variety of painful conditions presenting to the emergency department.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case series identified seventeen patients who received lidocaine over a six month period and recorded demographic data, amount of lidocaine administered, the amount of opioid medication administered before and after lidocaine, pre- and post-lidocaine pain scores, and any qualitative descriptors of the patient's pain recorded in the record. Side effects and adverse events were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the seven patients who had a pre- and post-lidocaine pain score recorded, the mean reduction was 3 points on a 10 point scale. Patients who received lidocaine used less opioid medication. One patient received an improperly high dose of lidocaine and suffered a brief seizure and cardiac arrest, but was quickly resuscitated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This series suggests that lidocaine may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of acutely painful conditions in the emergency department.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Brendan Michael
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Michael Eugene
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Mullins
keywords: Analgesia; Lidocaine; Pain control