title: Inter-regulation of gastric emptying and incretin hormone secretion: implications for postprandial glycemic control.
abstract: The GI tract is central to the regulation of postprandial glycemia, with the rate of gastric emptying and the secretion of the incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1, being key determinants. Gastric emptying exhibits a large interindividual variation; the latter not only accounts for differences in postprandial glycemia but also determines postprandial incretin profiles. Accordingly, the rate of gastric emptying may affect the glucose-lowering efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. In contrast, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists lower postprandial glycemia predominantly by their action to slow gastric emptying. This review discusses the inter-relationship between gastric emptying and the incretin axis in the context of changes in blood glucose, with an emphasis on the relevant clinical implications.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Medicine & Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: Tongzhi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Medicine & Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: Christopher K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Rayner
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Medicine & Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horowitz
keywords: Type 2 diabetes; dietary intervention; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; gastric emptying; glucagon-like peptide-1; glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide; incretin hormones; postprandial glycemia