title: Effects of Pisolithus tinctorius and Cenococcum geophilum inoculation on pine in copper-contaminated soil to enhance phytoremediation.
abstract: We used Pisolithus tinctorius and Cenococcum geophilum to determine the copper (Cu) resistance of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and their potential for improving phytoremediation of Cu-contaminated soil by Chinese red pine (Pinus tabulaeformis). The results showed that nutrient accumulation in C. geophilum mycelium was significantly lower under higher Cu concentrations in the soil, which was not observed in P. tinctorius. Meanwhile, P. tinctorius exhibited greater Cu tolerance than C. geophilum. Inoculation with ECM fungi significantly improved the growth of pine shoots planted in polluted soil in pot experiments (p < 0.01). The total accumulated Cu in pine seedlings planted in Cu-contaminated soil increased by 72.8% and 113.3% when inoculated with P. tinctorius and C. geophilum, respectively, indicating that ECM fungi may help their host to phytoextract heavy metals. Furthermore, the majority of the total absorbed metals remained in the roots, confirming the ability of ECM fungi to promote heavy metal phytostabilization. There were no differences between the effects of the two fungi in helping the host stabilize and absorb Cu, even though they have different Cu tolerances. Inoculation with ECM fungi can benefit plant establishment in polluted environments and assist plants with phytoremediating heavy-metal-contaminated soils.
authors.affiliation: a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.|b Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences , Yancheng , China.
authors.forename: Zhugui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Yangze
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.|c Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource , National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Zhenguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.|c Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource , National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Yahua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000502:physiology; D028223:Pinus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D003300:Copper
keywords: ectomycorrhizas; heavy metal; metal tolerance; phytoextraction; phytostabilization