title: Rapid and recoverable in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of the adult zebrafish at 7T.
abstract: Increasing scientific interest in the zebrafish as a model organism across a range of biomedical and biological research areas raises the need for the development of in vivo imaging tools appropriate to this subject. Development of the embryonic and early stage forms of the subject can currently be assessed using optical based techniques due to the transparent nature of the species at these early stages. However this is not an option during the juvenile and adult stages when the subjects become opaque. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques would allow for the longitudinal and non-invasive assessment of development and health in these later life stages. However, the small size of the zebrafish and its aquatic environment represent considerable challenges for the technique. We have developed a suitable flow cell system that incorporates a dedicated MRI imaging coil to solve these challenges. The system maintains and monitors a zebrafish during a scan and allows for it to be fully recovered. The imaging properties of this system compare well with those of other preclinical MRI coils used in rodent models. This enables the rapid acquisition of MRI data which are comparable in terms of quality and acquisition time. This would allow the many unique opportunities of the zebrafish as a model organism to be combined with the benefits of non-invasive MRI.
authors.affiliation: Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Gavin D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Merrifield
authors.affiliation: Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mullin
authors.affiliation: Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.affiliation: University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.affiliation: University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Maurits A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Denvir
authors.affiliation: Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK. Electronic address: william.holmes@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010100:Oxygen; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Flow cell; In vivo; MRI; Physiological monitoring; Solenoid; Zebrafish