title: Functional Connectivity Abnormalities of Brain Regions with Structural Deficits in Young Adult Male Smokers.
abstract: Smoking is one of the most prevalent dependence disorders. Previous studies have detected structural and functional deficits in smokers. However, few studies focused on the changes of resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the brain regions with structural deficits in young adult smokers. Twenty-six young adult smokers and 26 well-matched healthy non-smokers participated in our study. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and RSFC were employed to investigate the structural and functional changes in young adult smokers. Compared with healthy non-smokers, young smokers showed increased gray matter (GM) volume in the left putamen and decreased GM volume in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Moreover, GM volume in the left ACC has a negative correlation trend with pack-years and GM volume in the left putamen was positively correlated with pack-years. The left ACC and putamen with abnormal volumes were chosen as the regions of interest (ROIs) for the RSFC analysis. We found that smokers showed increased RSFC between the left ACC and right amygdala and between the left putamen and right anterior insula. We revealed structural and functional deficits within the frontostriatal circuits in young smokers, which may shed new insights into the neural mechanisms of smoking.
authors.affiliation: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Limei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dahua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shaoping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian UniversityXian, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and NeuroImaging, Ministry of EducationPeople's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: von Deneen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinquan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian UniversityXian, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and NeuroImaging, Ministry of EducationPeople's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiadong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian UniversityXian, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and NeuroImaging, Ministry of EducationPeople's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian UniversityXian, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and NeuroImaging, Ministry of EducationPeople's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yangding
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian UniversityXian, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and NeuroImaging, Ministry of EducationPeople's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou, People's Republic of China; School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian UniversityXian, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and NeuroImaging, Ministry of EducationPeople's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuan
keywords: anterior cingulate cortex; functional connectivity; putamen; resting state; smoking; voxel-based morphometry (VBM)