title: Bioactive compounds from regular diet and faecal microbial metabolites.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) formation by intestinal bacteria is regulated by many different factors, among which dietary fibre is currently receiving most attention. However, since fibre-rich foods are usually good dietary sources of phenolic compounds, which are also known to affect the microbiota, authors hypothesize that the regular intake of these bioactive compounds could be associated with a modulation of faecal SCFA production by the intestinal microbiota.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this work, food intake was recorded by means of a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Fibres were determined using Marlett food composition tables, and phenolic compounds were obtained from Phenol-Explorer Database. Analysis of SCFA was performed by gas chromatography-flame ionization/mass spectrometry and quantification of microbial populations in faeces by quantitative PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Klason lignin and its food contributors, as predictors of faecal butyrate production, were directly associated with Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium levels, as well as lignans with Bacteroides. Also, anthocyanidins, provided by strawberries, were associated with faecal propionate and inversely related to Lactobacillus group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support the hypothesis we put forward regarding the association between some vegetable foods (strawberries, pasta, lentils, lettuce and olive oil) and faecal SCFA. More studies are needed in order to elucidate whether these associations have been mediated by the bacterial modulatory effect of the bioactive compounds, anthocyanins, lignans or Klason lignin, present in foodstuffs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.|Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fernández-Navarro
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.|Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Borja
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rúas-Madiedo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Clara G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: de Los Reyes-Gavilán
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Abelardo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Margolles
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gueimonde
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. soniagsolares@uniovi.es.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: González
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000208:ethnology; D000072001:Diet, Healthy / Q000208:ethnology; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058889:Molecular Typing; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000208:ethnology; D013030:Spain; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile
keywords: Fibre; Microbiota; Polyphenol; Short-chain fatty acids