title: Value of percutaneous needle biopsy of small renal tumors in patients referred for cryoablation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively evaluate the safety and diagnostic yield of needle biopsy of small renal tumors, and the clinical consequences of performing needle biopsy in patients referred for percutaneous cryoablation before their treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biopsy was performed for 120 tumors (mean diameter, 2.2 cm) in 119 patients. All procedures were divided into diagnostic and non-diagnostic biopsies. Various variables were compared between the two groups. All cryoablation procedures were divided into two groups: procedures with or without simultaneous biopsy. The rates of benign or non-diagnostic tumors in each group were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After performing 120 initial and eight repeat biopsies, Grade 1 bleedings occurred in 44 cases. Six tumors were non-diagnostic and 114 were pathologically diagnosed. There were no significant variables between the diagnostic and non-diagnostic biopsies. Unnecessary cryoablation was avoided in nine benign lesions by performing biopsy in advance. Cryoablation performed simultaneously with biopsy included significantly more benign or non-diagnostic tumors than cryoablation performed after biopsy (15.2% vs. 1.4%; p = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous biopsy of small renal tumors referred for cryoablation was a safe procedure with high diagnostic yield. The confirmation of pathological diagnosis prior to cryoablation is necessary because patients with benign tumors can avoid unnecessary treatment.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiraki
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gobara
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.affiliation: b Department of Urology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Motoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.affiliation: b Department of Urology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Yasutomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nasu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology , Okayama University Medical School , Okayama , Japan.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019564:Unnecessary Procedures
keywords: Image-guided procedures; interventional radiology; needle interventions; percutaneous biopsy