title: The optical imaging and clinical features of tamoxifen associated macular hole: A case report and review of the literatures.
abstract: We report a case of tamoxifen associated macular hole with typical optical imaging and clinical features. A 53-year-old woman came to our department for gradual decrease of vision acuity in both eyes for 3 months, after 30 months low-dosage-tamoxifen treatment as adjuvant treatment for invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Her best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.4 in the right eye and 0.12 in the left eye. Dilated fundus examination showed macular multiple, fine, crystalline deposits and small white points in retina of both eyes. Blue light fundus autofluorescence showed fovea local hyper-fluorescence. Fluorescein angiography showed fovea local hyper-fluorescence in early stage and stain in late stage. Optical coherence tomography was performed. There were many point hyper-reflections in posterior retina in both eyes with fovea local posterior vitreous body detachment. Inner fovea mismatching, intact outer limiting membrane, bluer interdigitation zone, ruptured Ellipsoid zone and granular change of outer segments of photoreceptors were found in right eye. Blured interdigitation zone and granular change of outer segments of photoreceptors were also found in left eye with macular hole. Multifocal electroretinogram revealed reduced response in paracentral and pericentral area in both the eyes. And we reviewed the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China; Diabetic Eye Center of Liaoning, Province. No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuedong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China; Diabetic Eye Center of Liaoning, Province. No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
authors.forename: Ningning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Endocrine diseases in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Shenyang, 110001, PR China. Electronic address: chenyanyan_cmu@163.com.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000009:adverse effects*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D013629:Tamoxifen
keywords: Blue light fundus autofluorescence; Fluorescein angiography; Macular hole; Multifocal electroretinogram; Optical coherence tomography; Tamoxifen