title: Apgar score and reduced vision in children aged 3 to 6 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to examine the association between the 5-min Apgar score and reduced vision in children 3 to 6 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 5834 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years participated in this school-based eye survey. Reduced vision was defined as unaided distance vision of 6/12 or worse in the better-seeing eye. The 5-min Apgar scores of the participants were retrieved from medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of reduced vision in this population was 6.63 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 5.99-7.27). In multivariate analysis, the presence of reduced vision was associated with a low 5-min Apgar score at birth (<7 vs. 7-10; odds ratio [OR] = 1.66, 95 % CI 1.48-3.05) after adjusting for age, gender, parental history of myopia, maternal age, gestational age, and birth weight. In addition, both myopia and amblyopia were associated with Apgar scores of less than 7 in multivariate analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with 5-min Apgar scores of less than 7 were more likely to have reduced vision at the age of 3 to 6 years.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Chen-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Deng-Juan
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Jia
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, China. liuhu66@163.com.
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001034:Apgar Score; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014792:Visual Acuity
keywords: Apgar score; Children; Epidemiology; Reduced vision