title: Outcomes of Surgery for Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return without Total Circulatory Arrest.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent developments in surgical techniques and hospital care have led to improved outcomes following total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) repair. However, the surgical repair of TAPVR remains associated with a high risk of mortality and need for reoperation. We conducted this retrospective study to evaluate mid-term outcomes followingin situTAPVR repair without total circulatory arrest (TCA), and to identify the risk factors associated with surgical outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 29 cases of surgical intervention for TAPVR conducted between April 2000 and July 2015. All patients were newborns or infants who underwentin situTAPVR repair without TCA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four anatomic subtypes of TAPVR were included in this study: supracardiac (20 cases, 69.0%), cardiac (4 cases, 13.8%), infracardiac (4 cases, 13.8%), and mixed (1 case, 3.4%). The median follow-up period for all patients was 42.9 months. Two (6.9%) early mortalities occurred, as well as 2 (6.9%) cases of postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO). Preoperative ventilator care (p=0.027) and preoperative PVO (p=0.002) were found to be independent risk factors for mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In siturepair of TAPVR without TCA was associated with encouraging mid-term outcomes. Preoperative ventilator care and preoperative PVO were found to be independent risk factors for mortality associated with TAPVR repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Youngok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Joon Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: O Young
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Woo Sung
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Jang
keywords: Congenital heart disease (CHD); Total anomalous pulmonary venous return; Total circulatory arrest