title: Occlusal outcomes in combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.
abstract: To investigate the treatment outcome in terms of the malocclusion features and the changes in the occlusion of patients undergoing orthodontic/orthognathic treatment using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) and to test the application of the Index of Orthognathic Functional Treatment Need (IOFTN) on this sample as a measure of orthognathic pre-treatment need.
  
  
  
  Retrospective longitudinal cohort study.
  
  
  
  The orthodontic department at the Eastman Dental Hospital.
  
  
  
  The study models of a sample of 100 orthodontic/orthognathic patients who were treated at the Eastman Dental Hospital were measured using the PAR index and ICON at three stages: pre-treatment, pre-surgery and at debond. Treatment need was assessed by measuring IOTN and IOFTN using start study models.
  
  
  
  99% of the sample showed an improvement in PAR score, with 82% of the sample being greatly improved. ICON showed that 95% of the sample had an improvement of different degrees with 5% being not improved or worse. The IOFTN qualified 97% of the patients for orthognathic treatment when used retrospectively on the sample while the DHC of IOTN qualified the whole sample for orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  
  Orthodontic/orthognathic treatment showed improved and acceptable overall results. The PAR index and ICON were valid measures to investigate the outcome of orthognathic treatment. IOFTN proved to be a useful tool in determining and prioritizing orthognathic treatment based purely on functional need.
authors.affiliation: a UCL, Eastman Dental Institute , 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD , UK.|b Jaber Alahmad Armed Forces Hospital , Sabhan , Kuwait.
authors.forename: Fawaz L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Almutairi
authors.affiliation: c Eastman Dental Hospital , University College London Hospitals , UK.
authors.forename: Samantha J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.affiliation: a UCL, Eastman Dental Institute , 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD , UK.
authors.forename: Nigel P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Hunt
mesh_terms: D003766:Dental Occlusion; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008310:Malocclusion; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: ICON; IOFTN; IOTN; Occlusal indices; PAR; orthognathic surgery; treatment outcome