title: Redox-sensitive mPEG-SS-PTX/TPGS mixed micelles: An efficient drug delivery system for overcoming multidrug resistance.
abstract: The main cause of multidrug resistance (MDR) is overexpression of active efflux transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp). To reverse MDR and improve the chemotherapy effect of paclitaxel (PTX), we propose a new drug delivery system based on mixed micelles constructed with d-α-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 succinate (TPGS) and the mPEG-SS-PTX conjugate with consideration that TPGS is a P-gp inhibitor that can block the cancer cell action of pumping drugs outside of cells and can enhance the anticancer effect. mPEG-SS-PTX is synthesized by conjugating hydrophilic mPEG with a hydrophobic drug, PTX, via a redox-sensitive disulfide bond. The mPEG-SS-PTX conjugate is amphiphilic and can self-assemble in water. Mixed micelles formed by the mPEG-SS-PTX conjugate and TPGS have a low critical micelle concentration (CMC, ∼1.05×10-3mg/mL) and high drug loading content (∼19.6%). The disulfide bond in the mPEG-SS-PTX conjugate can be broken in cancer cells (a reductive environment) and release PTX to kill cancer cells. In vitro cytotoxicity and cell uptake suggest that mixed micelles can effectively improve the accumulation of PTX in multidrug-resistant MCF-7 cells. Therefore, the present as-prepared mixed micelles very effectively reverse the MDR and enhance the therapeutic effect.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China.
authors.forename: Dujuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China.
authors.forename: Huiyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Tumor Hospital, No.127 Siliu South Road, Qingdao 266042, China.
authors.forename: Shengfeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China.
authors.forename: Wenxiu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China. Electronic address: yuxialuan@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luan
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000187:drug effects*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008823:Micelles; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D008823:Micelles; D014810:Vitamin E; C014225:tocophersolan; D017239:Paclitaxel
keywords: Multidrug resistance; Polymer-drug conjugate; Redox-sensitive; TPGS