title: Ethylene and hydrogen peroxide are involved in brassinosteroid-induced salt tolerance in tomato.
abstract: Crosstalk between phytohormone pathways is essential in plant growth, development and stress responses. Brassinosteroids (BRs) and ethylene are both pivotal plant growth regulators, and the interaction between these two phytohormones in the tomato response to salt stress is still unclear. Here, we explored the mechanism by which BRs affect ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in tomato seedlings under salt stress. The activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS), an ethylene synthesis enzyme, and the ethylene signaling pathway were activated in plants pretreated with BRs. Scavenging of ethylene production or silencing of ethylene signaling components inhibited BR-induced salt tolerance and blocked BR-induced activities of several antioxidant enzymes. Previous studies have reported that BRs can induce plant tolerance to a variety of environmental stimuli by triggering the generation of H2O2as a signaling molecule. We also found that H2O2might be involved in the crosstalk between BRs and ethylene in the tomato response to salt stress. Simultaneously, BR-induced ethylene production was partially blocked by pretreated with a reactive oxygen species scavenger or synthesis inhibitor. These results strongly demonstrated that ethylene and H2O2play important roles in BR-dependent induction of plant salt stress tolerance. Furthermore, we also investigated the relationship between BR signaling and ethylene signaling pathways in plant processes responding to salt stress.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Xingguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Lisha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Pengxu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Honghui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D060406:Brassinosteroids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D036226:Seedlings; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D060406:Brassinosteroids; D005030:Ethylenes; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C036216:ethylene; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide