title: Changes in bone macro- and microstructure in diabetic obese mice revealed by high resolution microfocus X-ray computed tomography.
abstract: High resolution microfocus X-ray computed tomography (HR-microCT) was employed to characterize the structural alterations of the cortical and trabecular bone in a mouse model of obesity-driven type 2 diabetes (T2DM). C57Bl/6J mice were randomly assigned for 14 weeks to either a control diet-fed (CTRL) or a high fat diet (HFD)-fed group developing obesity, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance. The HFD group showed an increased trabecular thickness and a decreased trabecular number compared to CTRL animals. Midshaft tibia intracortical porosity was assessed at two spatial image resolutions. At 2 μm scale, no change was observed in the intracortical structure. At 1 μm scale, a decrease in the cortical vascular porosity of the HFD bone was evidenced. The study of a group of 8 week old animals corresponding to animals at the start of the diet challenge revealed that the decreased vascular porosity was T2DM-dependant and not related to the ageing process. Our results offer an unprecedented ultra-characterization of the T2DM compromised skeletal micro-architecture and highlight an unrevealed T2DM-related decrease in the cortical vascular porosity, potentially affecting the bone health and fragility. Additionally, it provides some insights into the technical challenge facing the assessment of the rodent bone structure using HR-microCT imaging.
authors.affiliation: Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.|Prometheus - Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kerckhofs
authors.affiliation: Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.|Prometheus - Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.|UMR CNRS 7052, Biomécanique et Biomatériaux Ostéo-Articulaires, Faculté de Médecine Lariboisière, 75000 Paris, France.|Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Département Soutien Médico-Chirurgical des Forces (SMCF), 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vangoitsenhoven
authors.affiliation: Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.|Prometheus - Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van der Schueren
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carmeliet
authors.affiliation: Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.|Prometheus - Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Luyten
authors.affiliation: Prometheus - Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.|Division of Biomechanics and Engineering Design, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.|Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geris
authors.affiliation: Prometheus - Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.|Biomaterials - BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vandamme
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006943:Hyperglycemia; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods*