title: Rabies virus-mediated oligodendrocyte labeling reveals a single oligodendrocyte myelinates axons from distinct brain regions.
abstract: Oligodendrocytes myelinate neuronal axons during development and increase conduction velocity of neuronal impulses in the central nervous system. Neuronal axons extend from multiple brain regions and pass through the white matter; however, whether oligodendrocytes ensheath a particular set of axons or do so randomly within the mammalian brain remains unclear. We developed a novel method to visualize individual oligodendrocytes and axon derived from a particular brain region in mouse white matter using a combinational injection of attenuated rabies virus and adeno-associated virus. Using this method, we found that some populations of oligodendrocytes in the corpus callosum predominantly ensheathed axons derived from motor cortex or sensory cortex, while others ensheathed axons from both brain regions, suggesting heterogeneity in preference of myelination toward a particular subtype of neurons. Moreover, our newly established method is a versatile tool for analyzing precise morphology of each oligodendrocyte in animal models for demyelinating disorders and addressing the role of oligodendrocyte in higher brain functions. GLIA 2016. GLIA 2017;65:93-105.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.|SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7285-7546
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osanai
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.|SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.|Division of Visual Information Processing, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.|Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuma
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.|Division of Visual Information Processing, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.|Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hatanaka
authors.affiliation: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.|Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nambu
authors.affiliation: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.|Imaging Science Division, Center for Novel Science Initiatives, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimori
authors.affiliation: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.|Department of Statistical Modeling, Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.affiliation: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.|Section of Viral Vector Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.|SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikenaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000821:virology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000821:virology*; D011820:Rabies virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology
keywords: myelination; oligodendrocyte; rabies virus