title: The Impact of Secondhand Smoke Exposure on Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Review.
abstract: Secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) has multiple adverse effects on lung function and growth, nutrition, and immune function in children; it is increasingly being recognized as an important modifier of disease severity for children with chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF). This review examines what is known regarding the prevalence of SHSe in CF, with the majority of reviewed studies utilizing parental-reporting of SHSe without an objective biomarker of exposure. A wide range of SHSe is reported in children with CF, but under-reporting is common in studies involving both reported and measured SHSe. Additionally, the impact of SHSe on respiratory and nutritional health is discussed, with potential decreases in long-term lung function, linear growth, and weight gain noted in CF children with SHSe. Immunologic function in children with CF and SHSe remains unknown. The impact of SHSe on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function is also examined, as reduced CFTR function may be a pathophysiologic consequence of SHSe in CF and could modulate therapeutic interventions. Finally, potential interventions for ongoing SHSe are delineated along with recommended future areas of study.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Pulmonology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. Benjamin.Kopp@NationwideChildrens.org.|Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. Benjamin.Kopp@NationwideChildrens.org.
authors.forename: Benjamin T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Clinical University Hospital Virgen of Arrixaca, Murcia 30120, Spain. ortega@pehsu.org.
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ortega-García
authors.affiliation: Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 20205, USA. ssadrea1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: S Christy
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Sadreameli
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. wellmerling.2@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wellmerling
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Estelle.Cormet-Boyaka@cvm.osu.edu.
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cormet-Boyaka
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Pulmonology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. rohan.thompson@nationwidechildrens.org.
authors.forename: Rohan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 20205, USA. smcgrath@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McGrath-Morrow
authors.affiliation: Section of Ambulatory Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. judith.groner@nationwidechildrens.org.
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Groner
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: cystic fibrosis; pediatric; tobacco