title: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis-associated dermatitis and lymphadenitis in a dog.
abstract: Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an endemic disease of humans from Latin America that is caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii, with most cases of PCM in domestic animals being associated with P. brasiliensis. This study presents the clinical, cytological, mycological, serological, and molecular findings associated with P. brasiliensis in a dog from Southern Brazil. Fine needle biopsies were collected from the skin and several lymph nodes of a 5-year-old female Labrador dog that had enlargement of most superficial lymph nodes. Cytology of the skin and lymph nodes revealed pyogranulomatous dermatitis and lymphadenitis associated with fine-necked, budding fungal structures consistent with the Paracoccidioides genus of organisms; mycological culture derived from the lymph node aspirate demonstrated similar budding structures. Serological assays using exoantigens obtained from the fungal culture demonstrated that the fungal organisms derived from the lymph node were antigenically similar to P. brasiliensis by immunodiffusion and Western blot. A PCR assay, using the fungal culture as input, amplified a partial segment of the internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 regions of P. brasiliensis; direct sequencing and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the PCR product as P. brasiliensis. The combined cytological, mycological, serological, and molecular findings confirmed a diagnosis of fungal dermatitis and lymphadenitis due to P. brasiliensis in this dog. This case represents the third description of clinical PCM in dogs and the first confirmation of mycotic dermatitis associated with P. brasiliensis in this species. The participation of dogs in the possible dissemination of PCM is reviewed, and it is proposed that dogs are probable accidental hosts in the epidemiological cycle associated with P. brasiliensis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 km 380, Campus Universitário, PO Box 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil. selwyn.headley@uel.br.|Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Organic Tissue Processing Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. selwyn.headley@uel.br.
authors.forename: Selwyn Arlington
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Headley
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucienne Garcia
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Pretto-Giordano
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 km 380, Campus Universitário, PO Box 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.|Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Organic Tissue Processing Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovana Wingeter
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Di Santis
authors.affiliation: Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas Alécio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafaela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Macagnan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 km 380, Campus Universitário, PO Box 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela Farias
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: da Nóbrega
authors.affiliation: Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Katherine Moura
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Brígida Kussumoto
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: de Alcântara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eiko Nakagawa
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Itano
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.|Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amauri Alcindo
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alfieri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mario Augusto
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D001938:Brazil; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007118:Immunoassay; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008199:Lymphadenitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D008853:Microscopy; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
keywords: Canine paracoccidioidomycosis; Cytological diagnosis; Epidemiology; Fungal dermatitis