title: Interleukin-18 gene polymorphism and risk of CVD in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interleukin-18 (IL-18), a proinflammatory cytokine, plays a key role in the acute and chronic inflammatory processes. It is associated with risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate association between G(-137)C polymorphism (rs187238) in the IL-18 gene and risk of diabetes and CVD in type 2 diabetes patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 1548 T2DM patients and 590 controls. All subjects were genotyped for the G(-137)C promoter region polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotype distribution of the G(-137)C polymorphism showed no significant difference between T2DM patients and controls (p=0.115). An association with CVD was analyzed in two age groups: ⩾65 and <65years. In patients younger than 65years there was a tendency to association of CC genotype with CAD (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.0-3, p=0.051). In contrast, in subjects aged 65 or older, the C allele and CC genotype showed the significant association with the presence of CVD, with the OR 1.99, p=0.001 and OR 5.31, p=0.006, respectively. The C allele carriers showed the higher prevalence of CVD compared to non-carriers (61% vs. 39%, p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older T2DM patients carrying the C allele of IL-18 G(-137)C polymorphism have a significantly increased risk of CVD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: monika.buraczynska@umlub.pl.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buraczynska
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ksiazek
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zukowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grzebalska
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D020382:Interleukin-18; D004247:DNA
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; G(-137)C polymorphism; IL-18; Risk allele; Type 2 diabetes