title: Dietary Chitosan Supplementation Increases Microbial Diversity and Attenuates the Severity ofCitrobacter rodentiumInfection in Mice.
abstract: C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance toCitrobacter rodentiuminfection. The findings reveal that, after consuming a 300 mg/kg COS diet for 14 days, microflora became more diverse as a result of the supplement. Mice receiving COS exhibited an increase in the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum and a decrease in the percentage of Firmicutes phylum. AfterCitrobacter rodentiuminfection, the histopathology scores indicated that COS feeding resulted in less severe colitis. IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly lower in colon from COS-feeding mice than those in the control group. Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue. Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-αand IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection withC. rodentium.
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Guiping
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6850-9626
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha, Changsha 410131, China.
authors.forename: Hongbing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9337-6191
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9475-5134
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Bie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Veeramuthu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4136-2003
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Duraipandiyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naif Abdullah
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Al-Dhabi
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000502:physiology; D048271:Chitosan / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044082:Citrobacter rodentium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003092:Colitis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000502:physiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048271:Chitosan