title: Proteolytic Mediators in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Gingivitis.
abstract: This study evaluates levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of MP-1 (TIMP-1) in biofluids of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and systemically healthy counterparts with different statuses of periodontal health.
  
  
  
  Seventy-one women with GDM and gingivitis (Gg), 30 women with GDM and healthy periodontium (Gh), 28 systemically and periodontally healthy women (Hh), and 37 systemically healthy women with gingivitis (Hg) were evaluated. MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels were determined in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and serum by immunofluorometric and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters were recorded.
  
  
  
  GCF and serum MMP-8 concentrations, serum MMP-9 concentrations, and serum MMP-8/MMP-1 and MMP-9/MMP-1 molar ratios were significantly higher in Gg compared with Hg group (P <0.05). Serum MMP-8 levels and salivary TIMP-1 levels were higher in Gh compared with Hg group (P <0.05) whereas salivary MMP-8/TIMP-1 molar ratio was lower in Gh compared with Hg group (P <0.05). Elevated concentrations of GCF MMP-8 and MMP-9 were found in Gg compared with Gh group (P <0.05). Significant correlations were found between local levels of biomarkers and clinical periodontal parameters in only GDM group.
  
  
  
  GDM may modulate both local and circulating levels of MMP-8 especially when associated with gingivitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aliye
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akcalı
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Pınar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gümüş
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Özgün
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Özçaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Aydın Government Hospital, Aydın, Turkey.
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Öztürk-Ceyhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tervahartiala
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Husu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Heikkinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nurcan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buduneli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000201:enzymology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Diabetes, gestational; gingival crevicular fluid; gingivitis; matrix metalloproteinases; saliva; serum