title: Bivalirudin for Cardiopulmonary Bypass in the Setting of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Combined Heart and Kidney Transplantation-Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
authors.forename: Ankeet A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Choxi
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Thoracic Section, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Prakash A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Thoracic Section, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Electronic address: yiandoc@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Augoustides
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benitez-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Thoracic Section, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Jacob T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Gutsche
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
authors.forename: Hani
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murad
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
authors.forename: Yiliam F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Blanco
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fabbro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.
authors.forename: Kendall P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Crookston
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.
authors.forename: Neal S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Gerstein
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006493:Heparin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006629:Hirudins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D000991:Antithrombins; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006629:Hirudins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006493:Heparin; C074619:bivalirudin
keywords: American College of Chest Physicians; American Society of Hematology; North American Specialized Coagulation Laboratory Association; antibody titer; argatroban; bivalirudin; bleeding; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; glycoprotein IIa/IIIb; heart transplantation; heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; iloprost; optical density; plasmapheresis; platelet anesthesia; platelet factor 4; serotonin-release assay; thrombosis; tirofiban; transfusion; type I; type II