title: Diagnostic performance of Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and the Waist-to-Height Ratio for identifying cardiometabolic risk in Scottish pre-adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited studies have examined the diagnostic performance of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) for identifying cardiometabolic risk (increased clustered glucose, triglycerides, mean arterial pressure and inv-HDL-cholesterol) in pre-adolescent youth.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the utility of BMI, WC and WHtR as predictors of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in Scottish pre-adolescent children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional analysis of 223 Scottish children (55.2% boys, mean age =8.4 years) was undertaken. BMI, WC and WHtR were used as exposure variables within multivariate logistic regression analysis and ROC analysis to examine the utility of these anthropometrical indices in identifying those at cardiometabolic risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Individuals with an elevated WHtR, WC and BMI were 3.51 (95% CI = 1.71-7.23; p < .001); 2.34 (95% CI = 1.35-4.06; p = .002) and 2.59 (95% CI = 1.42-4.73; p = .002) times more likely to be at cardiometabolic risk, respectively. The areas under the curves [AUC] to identify children with cardiometabolic risk were significant and similar among anthropometric indices (AUC's = 0.60-0.65). When stratified by BMI, both WC and WHtR demonstrated a fair-to-good ability for identifying those at cardiometabolic risk (AUC = 0.75-0.81).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that the combination of BMI with either WC or WHtR may provide an added benefit in the assessment of cardiometabolic risk amongst pre-adolescents.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , Lanarkshire , UK.
authors.forename: Duncan S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Buchan
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , Lanarkshire , UK.
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McLellan
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , Lanarkshire , UK.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , Lanarkshire , UK.
authors.forename: Rosie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arthur
mesh_terms: D062186:Arterial Pressure; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012372:ROC Curve; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012606:Scotland; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D055105:Waist Circumference; D065927:Waist-Height Ratio
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Weight status; cardiometabolic risk; obesity; youth