title: Combined covalent and noncovalent carboxylation of carbon nanotubes for sensitivity enhancement of clinical immunosensors.
abstract: We report here for the first time with quantitative details that the combination of pi-pi stacking of pyrenecarboxylic acid with chemically carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-COOH) offers superior sensitivity compared to MWNT-COOH alone for serum insulin measurements and that this combination is broadly applicable for biosensors, drug delivery, and catalytic systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. gopan.krishnan@okstate.edu.
authors.forename: Jinesh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niroula
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. gopan.krishnan@okstate.edu.
authors.forename: Gayan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Premaratne
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ali Shojaee
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Don A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lucca
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. gopan.krishnan@okstate.edu.
authors.forename: Sadagopan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9968-2712
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D007328:Insulin; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon