title: Time of Dropout From the Liver Transplant List in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Clinical Behavior According to Tumor Characteristics and Severity of Liver Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prolonged time on the waiting list affects post-transplant survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it is not yet known which patients will be at higher risk for early dropout from the list. We investigate specific risk factors for early waiting list dropout in patients with HCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a single-center, intention-to-treat analysis of adults with HCC, within the Milan criteria, from July 2006 through September 2013. Patients were divided into groups according to waiting list time. The main end point was dropout from the list.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dropout rates of the study cohort at 3, 6, and 12-months were 6.4%, 12.4%, and 17.7%, respectively. Patients who dropped out from the list tended to be older, with blood types A and O, and with higher Child-Pugh and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores. They also had larger nodules, responded poorly to trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE), and had a higher alpha-fetoprotein. Those with blood types B and AB appeared to be protected for dropout (odds ratio [OR] = 0.21, P = .02). Patients who responded to TACE were also protected (OR = 0.22, P < .001). When we looked into time to dropout, the only baseline characteristic that stood out was a higher MELD score (13 for those dropping out up to 90 days vs 10 for those dropping out after 180 days, P = .0025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that patients who drop out early from the list are primarily driven by the severity of liver disease. Patients who had progressive HCC had a high tumor load and poor response to loco-regional therapies, dropping out from the list after 180 days of inclusion.
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: salvalaggio@einstein.br.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Salvalaggio
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Felga
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Guardia
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Pandullo
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Matielo
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Curvelo
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rocco
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Meirelles
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: S P M
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: de Rezende
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Pedroso
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Rusi
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Viveiros
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Neves
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D058625:End Stage Liver Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D047368:Tumor Burden; D014850:Waiting Lists; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins