title: Doughnut appearance of left ventricle in isolated left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis.
abstract: A 55-year-old female presented with worsening dyspnea secondary to left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF). Obliteration of left ventricular apex and hypertrophied papillary muscle gave the classical appearance of a "doughnut" on left ventricular angiography. We present here a novel doughnut appearance of left ventricle on angiogram.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Year DM Cardiology Resident at Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India. Electronic address: mahimsaran2011@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saran
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Sivasankaran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivasubramonian
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004719:Endomyocardial Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged
keywords: Doughnut; Endomyocardial fibrosis; LV angiogram