title: A Mitochondrial Genome of Rhyparochromidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) and a Comparative Analysis of Related Mitochondrial Genomes.
abstract: The Rhyparochromidae, the largest family of Lygaeoidea, encompasses more than 1,850 described species, but no mitochondrial genome has been sequenced to date. Here we describe the first mitochondrial genome for Rhyparochromidae: a complete mitochondrial genome of Panaorus albomaculatus (Scott, 1874). This mitochondrial genome is comprised of 16,345 bp, and contains the expected 37 genes and control region. The majority of the control region is made up of a large tandem-repeat region, which has a novel pattern not previously observed in other insects. The tandem-repeats region of P. albomaculatus consists of 53 tandem duplications (including one partial repeat), which is the largest number of tandem repeats among all the known insect mitochondrial genomes. Slipped-strand mispairing during replication is likely to have generated this novel pattern of tandem repeats. Comparative analysis of tRNA gene families in sequenced Pentatomomorpha and Lygaeoidea species shows that the pattern of nucleotide conservation is markedly higher on the J-strand. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on mitochondrial genomes suggests that Rhyparochromidae is not the sister group to all the remaining Lygaeoidea, and supports the monophyly of Lygaeoidea.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Zoology and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China.|Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Yinwan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hillis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001482:Base Composition / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D049750:Genome, Insect / Q000235:genetics*; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000235:genetics*; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D012343:RNA, Transfer