title: Serum levels of brominated flame retardants (BFRs: PBDE, HBCD) and influence of dietary factors in a population-based study on Swedish adults.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between serum concentrations of brominated flame retardants and personal characteristics, including diet, in adults participating in a population-based study in Sweden 2010-11. Moreover, observed concentrations were used in a health risk assessment, using published health-based reference values. Serum samples of 170 adult individuals of both sexes were analyzed for 10 PBDE congeners and HBCD by GC-MS. When including concentrations between LOD and LOQ, highest median serum concentration was observed for BDE-153 (1.2 ng/g serum lipid), followed by BDE-209 (0.95 ng/g lipid), BDE-47 (0.49 ng/g lipid) and BDE-100 (0.21 ng/g lipid). Median concentration of HBCD was 0.10 ng/g lipid. A few markedly elevated concentrations of BDE-209, HBCD (77-78 ng/g lipid) and BDE-47 (44 ng/g lipid) were observed. The only statistical significant findings were higher BDE-153 concentrations in men than in women, and positive associations between serum BDE-153 concentrations and consumption of fish (total), beef, mutton and poultry. PBDE concentrations were in accordance with concentrations reported in other European countries but generally lower than those found in North America. Median PBDE serum concentrations observed in adults from Sweden suggest sufficient health protection, when compared with published health-based reference values, although some outliers with high serum concentrations had lower safety margins.
authors.affiliation: Swedish National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bjermo
authors.affiliation: Swedish National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aune
authors.affiliation: Swedish National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cantillana
authors.affiliation: Swedish National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Glynn
authors.affiliation: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: P Monica
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology (at Akademiska Hospital), Uppsala University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ridefelt
authors.affiliation: Swedish National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: poda@slv.se.
authors.forename: Per Ola
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Darnerud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; C517828:hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153; C517827:pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
keywords: Brominated flame retardants; Diet; HBCD; PBDE; Population-based survey; Serum