title: Release from optimal compressive force suppresses osteoclast differentiation.
abstract: Bone remodeling is an important factor in orthodontic tooth movement. During orthodontic treatment, osteoclasts are subjected to various mechanical stimuli, and this promotes or inhibits osteoclast differentiation and fusion. It has been previously reported that the release from tensile force induces osteoclast differentiation. However, little is known about how release from compressive force affects osteoclasts. The present study investigated the effects of release from compressive force on osteoclasts. The number of tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‑positive multinucleated osteoclasts derived from RAW264.7 cells was counted, and gene expression associated with osteoclast differentiation and fusion in response to release from compressive force was evaluated by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Osteoclast number was increased by optimal compressive force application. On release from this force, osteoclast differentiation and fusion were suppressed. mRNA expression of NFATc1 was inhibited for 6 h subsequent to release from compressive force. mRNA expression of the other osteoclast‑specific genes, TRAP, RANK, matrix metalloproteinase‑9, cathepsin‑K, chloride channel 7, ATPase H+ transporting vacuolar proton pump member I, dendritic cell‑specific transmembrane protein and osteoclast stimulatory transmembrane protein (OC‑STAMP) was significantly inhibited at 3 h following release from compressive force compared with control cells. These findings suggest that release from optimal compressive force suppresses osteoclast differentiation and fusion, which may be important for developing orthodontic treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Mino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8504, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomokazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minamikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051379:Mice; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical