title: Protective role of IL-22 against Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen-induced granuloma in Vitro.
abstract: The role of T helper-17 (Th17) lymphocytes in the regulation of Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA)-induced granuloma is unknown. This study examined the effect of Th17 cytokines (IL-17 and IL-22) on granulocyte recruitment and functions during SEA-induced granuloma formation in vitro in Schistosoma-infected and noninfected individuals. Granulocytes were isolated from 27 Schistosoma-infected patients and 13 controls and were used for granuloma induction using SEA-conjugated polyacrylamide beads in the presence of Th17 cytokines. Granuloma index was assessed, and granulocyte mediators such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in the culture supernatant at the 7th day using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Schistosoma-infected patients had significant larger SEA-induced granuloma than controls. IL-17 (125 pg/mL) induced the optimum size for granuloma within 3-7 days. However, IL-22 at different concentrations up to 300 pg/mL had no effect on granuloma formation. Using both cytokines simultaneously, IL-22 suppressed the effect of IL-17 and prevented granuloma formation. IL-17 significantly decreased TNF-α, H2O2and NO levels in Schistosoma-infected individuals. In contrast, IL-22 increased TNF-α and H2O2levels. In conclusion, IL-17 accelerates SEA-induced granuloma formation and inhibits granulocytes functions in Schistosoma-infected patients, while IL-22 inhibited the granuloma formation, but enhanced granulocyte functions.
authors.affiliation: Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nady
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: M T M
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Shata
authors.affiliation: Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mohey
authors.affiliation: Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Shorbagy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000276:immunology; D006099:Granuloma / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology*; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D016207:Cytokines; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000097043:Interleukin-22; C508717:IL17A protein, human
keywords:  Schistosoma ; Th17 cytokines; granulocytes; granuloma