title: Establishment of Epithelial Attachment on Titanium Surface Coated with Platelet Activating Peptide.
abstract: The aim of this study was to produce epithelial attachment on a typical implant abutment surface of smooth titanium. A challenging complication that hinders the success of dental implants is peri-implantitis. A common cause of peri-implantitis may results from the lack of epithelial sealing at the peri-implant collar. Histologically, epithelial sealing is recognized as the attachment of the basement membrane (BM). BM-attachment is promoted by activated platelet aggregates at surgical wound sites. On the other hand, platelets did not aggregate on smooth titanium, the surface typical of the implant abutment. We then hypothesized that epithelial BM-attachment was produced when titanium surface was modified to allow platelet aggregation. Titanium surfaces were coated with a protease activated receptor 4-activating peptide (PAR4-AP). PAR4-AP coating yielded rapid aggregation of platelets on the titanium surface. Platelet aggregates released robust amount of epithelial chemoattractants (IGF-I, TGF-β) and growth factors (EGF, VEGF) on the titanium surface. Human gingival epithelial cells, when they were co-cultured on the platelet aggregates, successfully attached to the PAR4-AP coated titanium surface with spread laminin5 positive BM and consecutive staining of the epithelial tight junction component ZO1, indicating the formation of complete epithelial sheet. These in-vitro results indicate the establishment of epithelial BM-attachment to the titanium surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.|Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine, Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
authors.forename: Shiho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.|Department of Adhesive Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeno
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Cliff
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Shigemi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Masazumi
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-1950
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine, Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisatomo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015921:Dental Implants; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000097794:Kalinin
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D016207:Cytokines; D015921:Dental Implants; D010455:Peptides; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin; D014025:Titanium; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D000097794:Kalinin; C112908:protease-activated receptor 4