title: The Protocol of Choice for Treatment of Snake Bite.
abstract: The aim of the current study is to compare three different methods of treatment of snake bite to determine the most efficient one. To unify the protocol of snake bite treatment in our center, we retrospectively reviewed files of the snake-bitten patients who had been referred to us between 2010 and 2014. They were contacted for follow-up using phone calls. Demographic and on-arrival characteristics, protocol used for treatment (WHO/Haddad/GF), and outcome/complications were evaluated. Patients were entered into one of the protocol groups and compared. Of a total of 63 patients, 56 (89%) were males. Five, 19, and 28 patients were managed by Haddad, WHO, or GF protocols, respectively. Eleven patients had fallen into both GF and WHO protocols and were excluded. Serum sickness was significantly more common when WHO protocol was used while 100% of the compartment syndromes and 71% of deformities had been reported after GF protocol. The most important complications were considered to be deformity, compartment syndrome, and amputation and were more frequent after the use of WHO and GF protocols (23.1% versus 76.9%; none in Haddad;P= NS). Haddad protocol seems to be the best for treatment of snake-bitten patients in our region. However, this cannot be strictly concluded because of the limited sample size and nonsignificantPvalues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammad Alizadeh
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Research Center, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Excellence Center of Clinical Toxicology, Iranian Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4370-0544
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hassanian-Moghaddam
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Research Center, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Excellence Center of Clinical Toxicology, Iranian Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2091-0197
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zamani
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Research Center, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Excellence Center of Clinical Toxicology, Iranian Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Research Center, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7975-5072
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mashayekhian
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Research Center, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Behrooz
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2180-2726
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hashemi Domeneh
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Research Center, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Peyman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Erfantalab
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Research Center, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ostadi