title: Suppressive oligonucleotides inhibit inflammation in a murine model of mechanical ventilator induced lung injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mechanical ventilation (MV) is commonly used to improve blood oxygenation in critically ill patients and for general anesthesia. Yet the cyclic mechanical stress induced at even moderate ventilation volume settings [tidal volume (Vt) <10 mL/kg] can injure the lungs and induce an inflammatory response. This work explores the effect of treatment with suppressive oligonucleotides (Sup ODN) in a mouse model of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Balb/cJ mice were mechanically ventilated for 4 h using clinically relevant Vt and a positive end-expiratory pressure of 3 cmH2O under 2-3% isoflurane anesthesia. Lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were collected to assess lung inflammation and lung function was monitored using a FlexiVent®.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MV induced significant pulmonary inflammation characterized by the influx and activation of CD11c+/F4/80+macrophages and CD11b+/Ly6G+polymorphonuclear cells into the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The concurrent administration of Sup ODN attenuated pulmonary inflammation as evidenced by reduced cellular influx and production of inflammatory cytokines. Oligonucleotide treatment did not worsen lung function as measured by static compliance or resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with Sup ODN reduces the lung injury induced by MV in mice.
authors.affiliation: Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scheiermann
authors.affiliation: Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
authors.forename: Dennis M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Klinman
keywords: Mechanical ventilation (MV); macrophage, polymorphonuclear cell (PMN); suppressive oligonucleotide (Sup ODN); ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI)