title: Predominance of CRF63_02A1 and multiple patterns of unique recombinant forms of CRF63_A1 among individuals with newly diagnosed HIV-1 infection in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia.
abstract: Kemerovo Oblast (KO) has had the highest rate of HIV spread in Russia since 2011. The aim of this work was to study the genetic variation of HIV-1 in Kemerovo Oblast. Blood was sampled from a total of 91 HIV-positive antiretroviral-therapy-naïve individuals in 2013 (38) and 2015 (53). HIV-1 subtypes, pol gene drug resistance mutations, and viral tropism were analyzed. In 2013-2015, the prevalence of HIV-1 subtype A decreased in KO from 60.5 to 7.5 %. The samples collected in 2015 from the patients with newly diagnosed HIV demonstrate the current dominance of HIV-1 CRF63_02A1 (71.7 %) and HIV-1 URF63_A1 (20.8 %), their parental viruses being CRF63_02A1 and subtype A. The initially predominant genetic variant, HIV-1 subtype A, was replaced in KO. An unusually high incidence of HIV-1 unique recombinant forms is probably the result of HIV-1 CRF63_02A1 introduction in the group of injection drug users with the initial HIV-1 subtype A infection and the practice of risky behavior that promotes reinfection. HIV-1 CRF63_02A1, which recently emerged in Siberia, and its recombinant forms have an ever-increasing impact on the current HIV epidemic in Russia, making urgent the need for in-depth study of this HIV-1 genetic variant.
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. ngash@vector.nsc.ru.
authors.forename: Natalya M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Gashnikova
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.
authors.forename: Darya P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Zyryanova
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.
authors.forename: Ekaterina M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Astakhova
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.
authors.forename: Vladimir V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Ivlev
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gashnikova
authors.affiliation: Kemerovo Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia.
authors.forename: Natalya V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Moskaleva
authors.affiliation: Kemerovo Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia.
authors.forename: Sergey S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Aikin
authors.affiliation: Kemerovo Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia.
authors.forename: Tatyana N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Bulatova
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.|Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Sergey V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Pustylnikov
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.
authors.forename: Evgeny F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Bocharov
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.
authors.forename: Aleksey V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Totmenin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D015995:Prevalence; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012309:Risk-Taking; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012800:Siberia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology