title: Cell Biological Assays for Measuring Angiogenic Activities of CCN Proteins.
abstract: Angiogenesis, the process of generating new blood vessels from an existing vasculature, is essential in normal developmental processes such as endochondral ossification and in numerous kinds of pathogenesis including tumor growth. A part from the action of angiogenic factor or antiangiogenic factor, it is still unknown at which stage of the angiogenic cascade these agents affect angiogenesis. Here, we describe methods for the use of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) and CCN2 neutralizing antibody in the currently used principal angiogenesis assays, including those in vitro ones for the proliferation, migration, adhesion, and tube formation of endothelial cells and in vivo assays such as those utilizing type I collagen implantation and the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM).
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan. shimotsu@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.|Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan. shimotsu@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimo
authors.affiliation: Advanced Research Center for Oraland Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School/Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan. takigawa@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takigawa
mesh_terms: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins
keywords: Adhesion; Cell proliferation; Migration; Tube formation