title: Ongoing Clinical Trials of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Latency-Reversing and Immunomodulatory Agents.
abstract: In chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection, long-lived latently infected cells are the major barrier to virus eradication and functional cure. Several therapeutic strategies to perturb, eliminate, and/or control this reservoir are now being pursued in the clinic. These strategies include latency reversal agents (LRAs) designed to reactivate HIV-1 ribonucleic acid transcription and virus production and a variety of immune-modifying drugs designed to reverse latency, block homeostatic proliferation, and replenish the viral reservoir, eliminate virus-producing cells, and/or control HIV replication after cessation of antiretroviral therapy. This review provides a summary of ongoing clinical trials of HIV LRAs and immunomodulatory molecules, and it highlights challenges in the comparison and interpretation of the expected trial results.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U941, Université Paris Diderot, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris , France.
authors.forename: Héloïse M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Delagrèverie
authors.affiliation: INSERM U941, Université Paris Diderot, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris , France.
authors.forename: Constance
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delaugerre
authors.affiliation: The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Sharon R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lewin
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Division, Department of Medicine , San Francisco General Hospital, University of California.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Deeks
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Jonathan Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: HIV-1; anti-HIV agents; clinical trial; latency-reversing agents; viral reservoir