title: Clinical implication of body size phenotype on heart rate variability.
abstract: We compared heart rate variability (HRV) values according to the following body size phenotypes: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy but normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy but obese (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). We retrospectively analyzed a dataset from 1200 participants who had visited the Cardiovascular Center at Korea University Guro Hospital between March 2009 and February 2014 and underwent Holter monitoring for 24h. HRV was calculated from standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN), standard deviation of the average normal-to-normal intervals (SDANN), and root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD) measurements, and study subjects were classified according to body mass index (BMI) and presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Various HRV indices, including SDNN, SDANN, and rMSSD, were significantly lower in MUNW subjects than in MHNW or MHO subjects, while there were no significant differences between MUNW and MUO subjects. Although BMI had no significant correlation with any HRV indices, SDNN, SDANN, and rMSSD values had significant negative correlations with waist circumference and levels of C-reactive proteins, AST, ALT, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR. A significant positive correlation was observed between HRV index and HDL level. Furthermore, the SDNN value significantly decreased with an increase in the number of metabolic syndrome components after adjusting for other covariates. Compared to MHNW or MHO subjects, Korean men and women with the MUNW phenotype exhibited decreased HRV, suggesting that low HRV is related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes in MUNW individuals.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Mook
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sei Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Mi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eung Joo
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Rha
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Gyu
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Joo
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School Converging Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: mdhsseo@unitel.co.kr.
authors.forename: Hong Seog
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D010641:Phenotype; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
keywords: Body size phenotype; Cardiac autonomic dysfunction; Heart rate variability; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity