title: Prospective survey to study factors which could influence same-day discharge after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a tertiary care hospital of a developing country.
abstract: All laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) patients in our hospital setting are admitted overnight. This article assesses the contribution of factors like postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), postoperative pain and surgical complications to overnight stay after elective LC. This 1-year observational study included patients having normal liver functions undergoing elective LC before 1400 h. The collected data included patient demographics, co-morbidities, PONV, pain scores, complications, surgical time, anesthesia technique, use of prophylactic antiemetics, analgesics, patient satisfaction and desire to have this surgery as day case or in-patient procedure. From 930 LC done per annum, 45.2 % (430/950) patients were included in this study. Prophylactic antiemetic was given in 91.6 %, intraoperative narcotics in 94.2 % patients and multimodal analgesia in 85.3 %. The mean pain score in the recovery and ward was maintained to <4. In the ward, 99.1 % patients were able to start oral fluids after 6 h and were started on oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol, and none required parental opioid. The PONV score of more than 2 was observed in only 3.2 % of patients in the ward requiring parenteral antiemetic. Surgical complications in the form of bleeding, visceral injury and bile duct leak were observed in 2 % of patients, which was treated intra-operatively. Satisfaction was observed in 99.3 % and desire to stay overnight in 87.4 % of patients. Factors like postoperative pain, PONV and surgical complications were well managed and were not associated with significant morbidity to justify routine overnight admission. However, majority of the patients desired to stay overnight, which could be improved by counseling and education.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan. samina.ismail@aku.edu.
authors.forename: Samina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Aliya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Qamarul
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Hoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sohaib
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
authors.lastname: Zia-Ur-Rehman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000601:surgery*; D003906:Developing Countries; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000639:trends*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Day-case procedure; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Postoperative nausea and vomiting; Postoperative pain; Surgical complications