title: Effective potentials in a bidimensional vibrated granular gas.
abstract: We present a numerical study of the spatial correlations of a quasi-two-dimensional granular fluid kept in a nonstatic steady state via vertical shaking. The simulations explore a wide range of vertical accelerations, restitution coefficients, and packing fractions, always staying below the crystallization limit. From the simulations we obtain the relevant pair distribution functions (PDFs), and effective potentials for the interparticle interaction are extracted from these PDFs via the Ornstein-Zernike equation with the Percus-Yevick closure. The correlations in the granular structures originating from these effective potentials are checked against the originating PDF using standard Monte Carlo simulations, and we find in general an excellent agreement. The resulting effective potentials show an increase of the spatial correlation at contact with the decreasing values of the restitution coefficient, and a tendency of the potentials to display deeper wells for more dissipative dynamics. A general exception to this trend appears for a range of values of the forcing, which depends on the restitution coefficient, but not on the density, where resonant bouncing increases correlations, resulting in deeper potential wells. The nature of these resonances is explored and shown to be the result of synchronization in the parabolic flights of the particles.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física "Manuel Sandoval Vallarta", Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Álvaro Obregón 64, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Velázquez-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, AP 73 "Cordemex", 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, México.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pérez-Ángel
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física "Manuel Sandoval Vallarta", Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Álvaro Obregón 64, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nahmad-Molinari