title: Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization Revealed High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in Chongqing, Southwestern China.
abstract: Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) accounts for ∼40% of staphylococcal infections in China. However, the molecular characterization of MSSA is not well described. In this study, 124 MSSA strains collected in 2013 from a comprehensive teaching hospital in Chongqing, Southwestern China, were subjected to antibiotics susceptibility testing and molecular typing, including multilocus sequence typing, staphylococcal protein A (spa) gene typing, accessory gene regulator (agr) typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl) gene detection, and antibiotic-resistant gene detection. MSSA strains exhibited high genetic heterogeneity. A total of 10 PFGE groups, 26 sequence types, and 47 spa types were identified. Type I (62.9%) was the most frequent agr type, followed by type II (15.3%), type IV (11.3%), and type III (10.5%). The prevalence of pvl genes was 27.4% (34/124). Notably, 44.4% (55/124) of MSSA strains were multidrug resistance (MDR), and MDR isolates were mostly resistant to penicillin, erythromycin, and clindamycin. The resistance gene blaZ was present in 84.7% of strains, ermC was present in 85.5% of strains, ermA was present in 28.2% of strains, tetK was present in 16.1% of strains, tetM was present in 6.5% of strains, and aacA-aphD was present in 2.6% of strains. These data demonstrated the high prevalence of MDR MSSA in Chongqing, thereby indicating the need to control MSSA infection.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Yancheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Weilong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Qiwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Junmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Huagang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Xiaopeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Yanguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Renjie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Xiancai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000235:genetics; D008712:Methicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology / Q000379:methods; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin; D008712:Methicillin
keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; epidemiology; molecular characterization; resistance