title: Magnetic resonance imaging of blood-brain barrier permeability in ischemic stroke using diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling in rats.
abstract: Diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging has recently been proposed to quantify the rate of water exchange (Kw) across the blood-brain barrier in humans. This study aimed to evaluate the blood-brain barrier disruption in transient (60 min) ischemic stroke using Kwmagnetic resonance imaging with cross-validation by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and Evans blue histology in the same rats. The major findings were: (i) at 90 min after stroke (30 min after reperfusion), group Kwmagnetic resonance imaging data showed no significant blood-brain barrier permeability changes, although a few animals showed slightly abnormal Kw. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging confirmed this finding in the same animals. (ii) At two days after stroke, Kwmagnetic resonance imaging revealed significant blood-brain barrier disruption. Regions with abnormal Kwshowed substantial overlap with regions of hyperintense T2(vasogenic edema) and hyperperfusion. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and Evans blue histology confirmed these findings in the same animals. The Kwvalues in the normal contralesional hemisphere and the ipsilesional ischemic core two days after stroke were: 363 ± 17 and 261 ± 18 min-1, respectively (P < 0.05, n = 9). Kwmagnetic resonance imaging is sensitive to blood-brain barrier permeability changes in stroke, consistent with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and Evans blue extravasation. Kwmagnetic resonance imaging offers advantages over existing techniques because contrast agent is not needed and repeated measurements can be made for longitudinal monitoring or averaging.
authors.affiliation: 1 Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.|2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Yash V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: 1 Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.|3 Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jianfei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: 1 Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: 1 Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.|2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cerqueira
authors.affiliation: 1 Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy Q
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Duong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000502:physiology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005070:Evans Blue; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010477:Perfusion; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D013113:Spin Labels; D005070:Evans Blue
keywords: Cerebral ischemia; Evans blue; arterial spin labeling; dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; hyperperfusion; perfusion imaging; rats; vasogenic edema