title: Interleukin-1 β-targeted treatment strategies in inflammatory depression: toward personalized care.
abstract: It is unknown whether a cytokine signature may help the identification of subgroup of patient who would respond to personalized treatment. As interleukin-1 beta (Il-1β) seems to play a major role in mood disorder, a systematic review and meta-analysis of its potential role in major depressive disorder (MDD) was carried out.
  
  
  
  A systematic search was performed to identify appropriate MDD vs. control studies pertaining to Il-1β. Methodological quality and possible moderators were also assessed.
  
  
  
  A total of 1922 studies were identified, and 53 articles were selected. Results showed an association between increased blood IL-1β and MDD in high-quality studies only. No association with age was found. No IL-1β gene-related polymorphisms has been associated with MDD. No effect of antidepressant on IL-1β level has been found, although the antidepressants investigated were various. Qualitative analyses indicate that MDD coupled to a history of childhood trauma may be a subgroup for IL-1β -targeted therapies. No difference in studies utilizing a stimulation method has been identified to date.
  
  
  
  The present work has confirmed IL-1β as a biological marker of interest for innovative MDD treatments. However, further studies are needed to clarify the patients with MDD who may benefit from these therapies.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U955, eq15 Translational Psychiatry team, Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ellul
authors.affiliation: EA 3279 Research Unit - Public Health: Chronic Diseases and Quality of Life, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Groc
authors.affiliation: INSERM U955, eq15 Translational Psychiatry team, Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France.|Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leboyer
authors.affiliation: INSERM U955, eq15 Translational Psychiatry team, Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France.|Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fond
mesh_terms: D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: inflammasome; inflammation; interleukin-1 beta; major depressive disorder; treatment resistance