title: The role of DNA methylation in dyslipidaemia: A systematic review.
abstract: Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, might be involved in the regulation of blood lipid concentration variability and may thereby affect cardiovascular health. We aimed to systematically review studies investigating the association between epigenetic marks and plasma concentrations of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Six medical databases were searched until September 3rd 2015, reference lists were screened, and experts in the field were contacted. Of the 757 identified references, 31 articles reporting on 23 unique studies met all inclusion criteria. These studies included data on 8027 unique participants. Overall, no consistent associations were observed between global DNA methylation and blood lipids. Candidate gene and epigenome-wide association studies reported epigenetic regulation of several genes to be related with blood lipids, of which results for ABCG1, CPT1A, TNNT1, MIR33B, SREBF1, and TNIP were replicated. To date, no studies have been performed on histone modification in relation to blood lipids. To conclude, promising results have been reported in the field of epigenetics and dyslipidaemia, however, further rigorous studies are needed to expand our understanding on the role of epigenetics in regulating human's blood lipid levels and its effects on health and disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: k.braun@erasmusmc.nl.
authors.forename: Kim V E
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: trudy.voortman@erasmusmc.nl.
authors.forename: Trudy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Voortman
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Klodian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dhana
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc., United States.
authors.forename: Jenna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Troup
authors.affiliation: Medical Library, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wichor M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Bramer
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc., United States.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Troup
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dehghan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Taulant
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muka
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Oscar H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D019175:DNA Methylation; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D057890:Epigenomics; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000077296:Niemann-Pick C1 Protein; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C106881:NPC1 protein, human; D000077296:Niemann-Pick C1 Protein; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cholesterol; DNA methylation; Epigenetics; HDL-C; LDL-C; Lipids; Triacylglycerol