title: Clinical significance of galectin-3 in patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia: a retrospective cohort study with long-term follow-up and formulation of risk scoring system.
abstract: Galectin-3 plays an increasingly important role in development and progression of tumor. However, little is known about the clinical impact of galectin-3 in non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (non-M3 AML). Peripheral blood of 298 patients with primary non-M3 AML and 30 normal donors was collected for measurement of galectin-3. Galectin-3 levels were significantly higher compared with the control group (p < .001). Patients with higher galectin-3 levels had lower CR rates (p = .001) and 1-year overall survival (OS) rates (p = .002). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that higher galectin-3 levels group had significantly shorter OS. Cox regression model revealed high galectin-3 level was an independent poor prognostic factor. A scoring system incorporating galectin-3 and other prognostic factors (age, WBC, karyotype, NPM1/FLT3-ITD, CEBPAdouble-mutationand c-KIT, WT1) was formulated to predict prognosis. In conclusion, galectin-3 may be a reliable prognostic marker in AML patients. The multifactorial scoring system was more powerful than a single factor to predict clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: a Department of hematology , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou , Shandong , PR China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: a Department of hematology , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou , Shandong , PR China.
authors.forename: Wen-Zheng
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: b Department of hematology, Central Hospital of Jinan , Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , Shandong , PR China.
authors.forename: Nong-Jian
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: a Department of hematology , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou , Shandong , PR China.
authors.forename: Xue-Xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Department of hematology , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou , Shandong , PR China.
authors.forename: Jian-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D000075142:RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C107844:AML1-ETO fusion protein, human; D015415:Biomarkers; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D037502:Galectin 3; C000716967:NPM1 protein, human; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D000075142:RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein; D000090243:Nucleophosmin
keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; overall survival; plasma galectin-3; prognosis