title: Hydrogen Bonding to the Substrate Is Not Required for Rieske Iron-Sulfur Protein Docking to the Quinol Oxidation Site of Complex III.
abstract: Complex III or the cytochrome (cyt) bc1complex constitutes an integral part of the respiratory chain of most aerobic organisms and of the photosynthetic apparatus of anoxygenic purple bacteria. The function of cyt bc1is to couple the reaction of electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c to proton pumping across the membrane. Mechanistically, the electron transfer reaction requires docking of its Rieske iron-sulfur protein (ISP) subunit to the quinol oxidation site (QP) of the complex. Formation of an H-bond between the ISP and the bound substrate was proposed to mediate the docking. Here we show that the binding of oxazolidinedione-type inhibitors famoxadone, jg144, and fenamidone induces docking of the ISP to the QPsite in the absence of the H-bond formation both in mitochondrial and bacterial cyt bc1complexes, demonstrating that ISP docking is independent of the proposed direct ISP-inhibitor interaction. The binding of oxazolidinedione-type inhibitors to cyt bc1of different species reveals a toxophore that appears to interact optimally with residues in the QPsite. The effect of modifications or additions to the toxophore on the binding to cyt bc1from different species could not be predicted from structure-based sequence alignments, as demonstrated by the altered binding mode of famoxadone to bacterial cyt bc1.
authors.affiliation: From the Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: Lothar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Esser
authors.affiliation: From the Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: From the Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.|the College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, and.
authors.forename: Yihui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: From the Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.|the College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, and.
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: From the Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: Wai-Kwan
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078.
authors.forename: Chang-An
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: the College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, and.
authors.forename: Zhaohai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: From the Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, xiad@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014450:Electron Transport Complex III / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000737:chemistry*; D048288:Imidazolines / Q000737:chemistry; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000073739:Strobilurins
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006873:Hydroquinones; D048288:Imidazolines; D008689:Methacrylates; D010080:Oxazoles; C037989:Rieske iron-sulfur protein; D000073739:Strobilurins; C540355:fenamidone; D014450:Electron Transport Complex III; C401929:famoxadone
keywords: X-ray crystallography; crystal structure; electron transfer; inhibition mechanism; membrane enzyme; membrane protein; structure-function