title: Myokines and adipokines: Involvement in the crosstalk between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.
abstract: Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue are the two largest organs in the body. Skeletal muscle is an effector organ, and adipose tissue is an organ that stores energy; in addition, they are endocrine organs that secrete cytokines, namely myokines and adipokines, respectively. Myokines consist of myostatin, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-15, irisin, fibroblast growth factor 21, and myonectin; adipokines include leptin, adiponectin, resistin, chemerin, and visfatin. Furthermore, certain cytokines, such as IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, are released by both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and exhibit a bioactive effect; thus, they are called adipo-myokines. Recently, novel myokines or adipokines were identified through the secretomic technique, which has expanded our knowledge on the previously unknown functions of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and provide a new avenue of investigation for obesity treatment or animal production. This review focuses on the roles of and crosstalk between myokines and adipokines in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue that modulate the molecular events in the metabolic homeostasis of the whole body.
authors.affiliation: Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
authors.forename: Fengna
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yinghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yehui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Chien-An A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China. Electronic address: tangyulong@isa.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410018, Hunan, China. Electronic address: yinyulong@isa.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication; D006801:Humans; D019409:Interleukin-15 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D019409:Interleukin-15; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D020543:Proteome
keywords: Adipo-myokines; Adipokines; Myokines; Secretomics