title: Neuro-Ophthalmology in Emergency Medicine.
abstract: Understanding the anatomy and physiology of the eye, the orbit, and the central connections is key to understanding neuro-ophthalmologic emergencies. Anisocoria is an important sign that requires a systematic approach to avoid misdiagnosis of serious conditions, including carotid dissection (miosis) and aneurysmal third nerve palsy (mydriasis). Ptosis may be a sign of either Horner syndrome or third nerve palsy. An explanation should be pursued for diplopia since the differential diagnosis ranges from the trivial to life-threatening causes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia, PO Box 800699, Charlottesville, VA 22902, USA. Electronic address: jshuff@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: J Stephen
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia, PO Box 800699, Charlottesville, VA 22902, USA.
authors.forename: Everett W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Austin
mesh_terms: D015875:Anisocoria / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications; D003128:Coma / Q000150:complications; D004172:Diplopia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D010808:Physical Examination; D012025:Reflex, Pupillary / Q000502:physiology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Anisocoria; Diplopia; Ptosis