title: The effect of lifestyle intervention in obesity on the soluble form of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a lifestyle intervention in obesity on the soluble form of the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (sALCAM) and its association with metabolic parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine obese subjects selected from the OPTIFAST®52 program. This program consisted into 2 crucial phases: an initial 12-week active weight reduction phase, followed by a 40-week weight maintenance phase. At baseline, after 12 weeks and at the end of the program, fasting glucose and insulin, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, adiponectin, leptin, high sensitivity CRP, sALCAM, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and leptin-to-adiponectin-ratio were determined. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed when indicated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, the serum concentration of sALCAM was increased and correlated positively with HOMA-IR and negatively with age. At the end of the program, sALCAM concentrations decreased significantly. Multivariate analysis showed that sALCAM significantly correlated with age, glucose concentration after 2 h OGTT and the HOMA-IR. A higher decrease of HOMA-IR during the study was observed in subjects with higher concentration of sALCAM at baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  sALCAM might be a novel biomarker in obesity that correlates and predicts insulin sensitivity improvement and that can be affected by lifestyle intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Alba.Sulaj@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sulaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zemva
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Zech
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Woehning
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Maik
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brune
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Gottfried
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rudofsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.|Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Helmholtz Center Munich and Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational, Diabetes Program, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Nawroth
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Bauer
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose; D000068959:Body Weight Maintenance; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000097:blood*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005326:Fetal Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss; D020410:Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D002784:Cholesterol; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D014280:Triglycerides; C105613:ALCAM protein, human; D020410:Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule
keywords: Cell adhesion molecule; Insulin resistance; Lifestyle intervention; Obesity; sALCAM