title: Anxiety and depression levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients before and after joint replacement procedure.
abstract: The progression of the inflammatory process in the course of rheumatoid arthiritis (RA) may cause a permanent destruction of joints, which in case of bigger ones (i.e. hip or knee) may be particularly a psychological burden for a patient.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to verify whether implantation of hip or knee endoprosthesis affect anxiety and depressive symptoms among patients with RA.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study enrolled a group of 128 rheumatoid arthritis patients, including 64 patients before and 64 patients after the joint replacement procedure. Anxiety was assessed using State- Trait Anxiety Inventory and depression - Beck Depression Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients before the endoprosthesis implantation scored statistically significantly higher on the state anxiety scale than patients after the procedure (43.17±10.69 vs 36.95±10.63, p<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in trait anxiety scores between patients before and after alloplasty (p=0.28). Patients before the procedure scored statistically significantly higher on BDI than patients after the joint replacement (15.28±8.99 vs 11.48±8.45, p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with RA after knee or hip alloplasty had lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms than patient before the procedure. Endoprosthesis implantation as a treatment option for severe joint destruction in RA might also improve depressive symptoms and anxiety among patients with RA.
authors.affiliation: Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz, Łódź, Poland: Rheumatology Department.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pietrzak
authors.affiliation: Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz, Łódź, Poland: Department of Pediatrics and Allergy.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kwarta
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karbownik
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland: Department of Clinical Pharmacology.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Mokros
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland: Department of Clinical Pharmacology.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zdanowicz
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland: Department of Cardiology.
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miśkowiec
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Humanities and Sciences in Kielce, Piotrków Trybunalski Division, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Witusik
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland, Department of General Pulmonology and Oncology.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antczak
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland: Department of Clinical Pharmacology.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pietras
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000601:surgery*; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000523:psychology*; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
keywords: anxiety; depression; hip joint endoprosthesis; knee joint endoprosthesis; rheumatoid arthritis