title: [Disorders of the acid-base balance and the anion gap].
abstract: The regulation of the acid-base balance and pH is critical for the organism. The most important buffer system is CO2/ HCO3-. The kidney controls systemic bicarbonate and therefore the metabolic regulation and the lung is relevant for respiratory regulation by an effective CO2elimination. There are four acid-base disorders with two metabolic and two respiratory disorders (acidosis and alkalosis). The anion gap enables a further workup of metabolic acidosis.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimmel
authors.forename: Mark Dominik
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Alscher
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium; D000137:Acid-Base Imbalance / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000138:Acidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000472:Alkalosis, Respiratory / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000838:Anions / Q000378:metabolism; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D001639:Bicarbonates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide