title: The influence of curvature on three-dimensional mineralized matrix formation under static and perfused conditions: an in vitro bioreactor model.
abstract: Bone remodelling is the continuous turnover of bone by resorption and formation. It is controlled by interstitial fluid flow sensed by osteocytes. The refilling of bone resorption sites has been shown to be curvature driven. In vitro, curvature influences tissue growth and cytoskeletal arrangements under static and perfused conditions. Nevertheless, this has only been demonstrated for non-mineralized tissue in limited three-dimensional volumes. This study aims at investigating the influence of three different channel curvatures (S, -2.00 mm-1; M, -1.33 mm-1; L, -0.67 mm-1) on mineralized tissue formation in three dimensions under static and perfused conditions. The ingrowth of mineralized tissue into the channels was dependent on curvature and was higher under perfusion (M and S channels). L channels were not closed in any group compared with partially (static) or fully (perfused) closed M and S channels. Mineralized tissue morphology was cortical-like in static samples and trabecular-like in perfused samples. Our results suggest that the three-dimensional in vitro model presented is not only able to reveal effects of curvature on mineralized tissue formation, but may be used as an in vitro model for critical size defects in trabecular or cortical bone.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jolanda R
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4134-2691
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Vetsch
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands s.hofmann.boss@tue.nl.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2568-8388
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hofmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019149:Bioreactors; D012831:Bombyx; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological
keywords: bone tissue engineering; critical size defect; curvature; human mesenchymal stem cells; in vitro model; micro-computed tomography monitoring