title: Joint Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Diagnostic Classification Models.
abstract: Joint maximum likelihood estimation (JMLE) is developed for diagnostic classification models (DCMs). JMLE has been barely used in Psychometrics because JMLE parameter estimators typically lack statistical consistency. The JMLE procedure presented here resolves the consistency issue by incorporating an external, statistically consistent estimator of examinees' proficiency class membership into the joint likelihood function, which subsequently allows for the construction of item parameter estimators that also have the consistency property. Consistency of the JMLE parameter estimators is established within the framework of general DCMs: The JMLE parameter estimators are derived for the Loglinear Cognitive Diagnosis Model (LCDM). Two consistency theorems are proven for the LCDM. Using the framework of general DCMs makes the results and proofs also applicable to DCMs that can be expressed as submodels of the LCDM. Simulation studies are reported for evaluating the performance of JMLE when used with tests of varying length and different numbers of attributes. As a practical application, JMLE is also used with "real world" educational data collected with a language proficiency test.
authors.affiliation: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. chia-yi.chiu@gse.rutgers.edu.
authors.forename: Chia-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Hans-Friedrich
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Köhn
authors.affiliation: Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Henson
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000066491:Clinical Decision-Making; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D066264:Datasets as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007807:Language Tests; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D016014:Linear Models; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
keywords: cognitive diagnosis; joint maximum likelihood estimation; nonparametric classification; statistical consistency