title: A review: the trend of progress about pH probes in cell application in recent years.
abstract: Intracellular pH values are some of the most important factors that govern biological processes and the acid-base homeostasis in cells, body fluids and organs sustains the normal operations of the body. Subcellular organelles including the acidic lysosomes and the alkalescent mitochondria undergo various processes such as intracellular digestion, ATP production and apoptosis. Due to their precise imaging capabilities, fluorescent probes have attracted great attention for the illustration of pH modulated processes. Furthermore, based on the unique acidic extracellular environment of acidic lysosomes, fluorescent probes can specifically be activated in cancer cells or tumors. In this review, recently reported lysosome and mitochondria specific pH imaging probes as well as pH-activatable cancer cell-targetable probes have been discussed.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. yincx@sxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yongkang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
authors.forename: Fangjun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120750, Korea. jyoon@ewha.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Songyi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. yincx@sxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Caixia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120750, Korea. jyoon@ewha.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Juyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D015335:Molecular Probes