title: Klotho and Endothelin-1 in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Glaucoma.
abstract: Klotho is a newly discovered protein that presumably has an important role in the aging process. The goal of this research is to compare the levels of Klotho and Endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the serum and aqueous humor of patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG).
  
  
  
  Aqueous humor and serum samples were obtained at the time of cataract surgery from 15 patients with PES, 15 patients with PEG, and 15 control patients. All of the samples were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the levels of ET-1 and Klotho protein.
  
  
  
  Aqueous and serum levels of Klotho in PES patients (49.02±10.97, 56.32±10.25 ng/mL) and PEG patients (34.53±4.87, 50.49±2.63 ng/mL) were lower than in control patients (56.31±7.68, 65.06±12.32 ng/mL). Both aqueous and serum levels of Klotho in the PEG group were lower than in the PES group (P=0.001). Mean aqueous and serum levels of ET-1 in the PES (1.28±0.09, 1.65±0.75 pg/mL) and the PEG groups (1.45±0.07, 1.58±0.58 pg/mL) were significantly higher than that measured in the control group (1.17±0.09, 1.16±0.34 pg/mL). Aqueous levels of ET-1 in the PEG group were higher than the PES group (P=0.04), but there were no significant difference in serum levels of ET-1 between the PES and the PEG groups (P=0.83).
  
  
  
  Aqueous and serum levels of Klotho decreased both in PES and PEG patients, and this decrease in the PEG group was more significant. In contrast, aqueous and serum levels of ET-1 increased in the PES and the PEG patients, and the increase in the aqueous level of ET-1 in PEG patients was more significant.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology ‡Nikookari Eye Hospital †Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ahoor
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghorbanihaghjo
authors.forename: Rana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sorkhabi
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiavar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D000090265:Klotho Proteins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019332:Endothelin-1; D005966:Glucuronidase; D000090265:Klotho Proteins