title: Analysis of the Effect of Locally Applied Bovine Collagen Sponge and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Seroma Development in Rats Undergone Mastectomy and Axillary Dissection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Seroma is the most frequently seen complication after the mastectomy and axillary dissection. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of locally applied bovine collagen sponge and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on seroma development in rats that undergone mastectomy and axillary dissection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar albino rats, were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10 per group). For the rats in Group 1, 1 ml 0.09% NaCl was implemented. 2 × 106/kg adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell was implemented within 1 ml 0.09% NaCl for the rats in Group 2, and 3 cm2 bovine collagen sponge were locally applied for the rats in Group 3. Adhesion scores, histopathological examination, E-cadherin expression and tissue seroma volume were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The seroma volume of Group 3 were significantly lower than those of Groups 2 and 1 (p < 0.001). General adhesion scores of Group 3 were significantly higher than those of Groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.05). Statistically significant increase was observed in Group 3 compared to Group 1 in terms of fibroblast, neovascularization and collagen density (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local application of bovine collagen sponge and ADSCs in rats, which have undergone experimental mastectomy and axillary dissection, can be told to decrease the seroma formation and to increase the neovascularization and collagen deposition. This effect is more significant in bovine collagen sponge group.
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Surgery , Sanko University School of Medicine , Gaziantep , Turkey.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bakır
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Surgery , Sanko University School of Medicine , Gaziantep , Turkey.
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology , Kahramanmaras Sutcuimam University School of Medicine , Kahramanmaras , Turkey.
authors.forename: Akif Hakan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.affiliation: c Department of General Surgery , Uludag University School of Medicine , Bursa , Turkey.
authors.forename: Türkay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirdak
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D001365:Axilla / Q000601:surgery; D003094:Collagen; D005260:Female; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D049291:Seroma / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015503:Surgical Sponges; D000267:Tissue Adhesions
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen
keywords: axillary dissection; bovine collagen; mastectomy; rat; seroma; stem cell