title: Efficacy of short-term nivolumab treatment in a Chinese patient with relapsed advanced-stage lung squamous cell carcinoma: A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, the options are limited for the treatment of patients who have failed 2 lines of chemotherapy for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Recently, nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 programmed death 1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, was approved to treat patients with advanced stage, relapsed/refractory lung SCC. Although nivolumab has demonstrated antitumor activity with survival benefit in Caucasian patients, its efficacy in Asian patients is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this report, we describe a Chinese patient with relapsed advanced stage lung SCC who had an excellent response to nivolumab after only 2 doses without any adverse effects. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated the tumor was stained positive for programmed death-ligand 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first report of satisfactory efficacy of short-term nivolumab treatment in a Chinese patient with relapsed advanced-stage lung SCC. Further clinical trials in Asian countries are needed to test whether nivolumab immunotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for Asian patients with lung SCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology Department of Pathology, Hubei Cancer Hospital Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
authors.forename: Guoliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pi
authors.forename: Hanping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mingwei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002681:China; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D000077594:Nivolumab; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000077594:Nivolumab