title: Laboratory performance study for passive sampling of nonpolar chemicals in water.
abstract: Two laboratory performance studies with 21 and 11 participants were carried out for passive sampling of nonpolar chemicals in water, using silicone samplers that were deployed for 7 wk and 13 wk at 2 river sites in the Netherlands. Target analytes were polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexachlorobutadiene, hexachlorobenzene, and a number of performance reference compounds (PRCs). Calculation of aqueous concentrations based on prescribed input values and a prescribed uptake model was also included. Between-laboratory coefficients of variation (CVs) in the analysis of target compounds were approximately 20% at concentrations of 100 ng g-1and approximately 100% at concentrations of 0.01 ng g-1, which was similar to previous results for the analysis of biota samples. The analysis of PRCs yielded water sampling rates with a between-laboratory CV of 18% to 30%. The sampling rate model showed a nearly perfect match with the consensus values of retained PRCs. The implications of the present study for future interlaboratory exercises are discussed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1156-1161. © 2016 SETAC.
authors.affiliation: NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Booij
authors.affiliation: Deltares, Utrecht, The Netherlands.|Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Foppe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Smedes
authors.affiliation: QUASIMEME, Alterra Wageningen University Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crum
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene / Q000032:analysis; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009426:Netherlands; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Analytical chemistry; Interlaboratory study; Organic contaminants; Passive sampler; Proficiency testing; Quality assurance