title: Synergistic Cytotoxic and Anti-invasive Effects of Mitoxantrone and Triterpene Saponins from Lysimachia ciliata on Human Prostate Cancer Cells.
abstract: Triterpene saponins are secondary metabolites typical for higher plants. They possess a wide range of pharmaceutical and biological activities. These include anti-inflammatory, vasoprotective, expectorant, and antitumor properties. In particular, the ability of saponins to enhance the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs has opened new perspectives for their application in combined cancer chemotherapy. In this study, the biological activity of the saponin fraction isolated fromLysimachia ciliata(denoted as CIL-1/2) was evaluated to assess its chemosensitizing activity in prostate cancer cell lines (DU-145, PC-3). No cytotoxic or cytostatic effect of the CIL-1/2 fraction administered at the concentration of 0.5 µg/mL was observed. In contrast, cocktails of CIL-1/2 and mitoxantrone (a drug commonly used in prostate cancer therapy) exerted synergistic cytostatic and proapoptotic effects. Furthermore, the synergy of proapoptotic activities of the analyzed cocktails is accompanied by their synergistic effects on prostate cancer cell movement and invasiveness. The significantly weaker impact of this cocktail on normal prostate cells additionally adds to the significance of our data and confirms that the CIL-1/2 fraction might be considered a potent adjuvant for prostate cancer chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koczurkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kowolik
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Podolak
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wnuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Piska
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Łabędź-Masłowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wójcik-Pszczoła
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pękala
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Czyż
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michalik
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029623:Primulaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; D008942:Mitoxantrone