title: Evaluation of the Effect of an Anisotropic Medium on Shear Wave Velocities of Intra-Muscular Gelatinous Inclusions.
abstract: In highly anisotropic biological tissues such as muscle or tendons, calculating Young's modulus from the shear wave speed (csw) by using shear wave elastography (SWE) involves a complex transversally isotropic rheological model not yet used in common practice. To our knowledge, the effect of muscle anisotropy on cswof intra-muscular lesions has not yet been investigated. The objective of our study was to define the effect of an anisotropic medium on cswof intra-muscular gelatinous inclusions. We conducted a prospective monocentric, in vitro study in order to examine the quantitative and qualitative SWE behavior of a 9-mm gelatinous intra-muscular implant depending on the orientation of the probe relative to the muscle fibers. There were very significant differences in the prevalence of SWE signal void (p < 0.01) and in the csw(p < 0.01) in the gelatinous intra-muscular implants depending on the orientation of the probe relative to the fibers. Performing the cswmeasurements of centimetric intra-muscular lesions by orienting the probe perpendicular to the fibers decreases the probability of artifacts occurring at high intensity interfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France; I4 S laboratory, INSERM EA4268, University of Franche-Comte, Besancon, France. Electronic address: radio.aubry@free.fr.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aubry
authors.affiliation: Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Nueffer
authors.affiliation: Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrié
mesh_terms: D016880:Anisotropy; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005780:Gelatin; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging
chemical_list: D005780:Gelatin
keywords: Anisotropy; Artifact; Muscle; Shear wave elastography; Ultrasound