title: Haemodiafiltration elicits less platelet activation compared to haemodialysis.
abstract: Mortality in patients with end-stage renal disorders is often a consequence of cardiovascular complications. Renal replacement therapies may contribute to this morbidity by promoting cellular activation. In renal failure patients peripheral blood samples were investigated for platelet and endothelial cell activation markers to compare the effects of haemodiafiltration (HDF) and haemodialysis (HD).
  
  
  
  Overall 28 patients were included in the study. Platelet P-selectin and leukocyte - platelet heterotypic aggregates were studied by flow cytometry. Soluble P- and E-selectin values were determined by ELISA, while von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry. Statistical analysis was done by the SPSS v22 software.
  
  
  
  Platelet surface P-selectin was below 3.0 % in healthy controls, but it was higher during the dialysis after 4 h, 8 % and 14.3 % in HDF and HD, respectively. Monocyte-platelet heterotypic aggregates were significantly elevated after 4 h in both treatments, up to 69.2 % in HDF and to 82.9 % in HD. Soluble P-selectin levels were also significantly elevated by the end of both treatment procedures (p < 0.001), vWF antigen values, however, showed elevation only during HD treatment.
  
  
  
  The attenuated platelet activating effects of HDF compared to HD may contribute to a less unfavourable vascular effect in this treatment modality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Gergely
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Becs
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Renáta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hudák
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fejes
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Ildikó Beke
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Debreceni
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Harjit Pal
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Bhattoa
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.|MTA-DE Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balla
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, Hungary. kappelmayer@med.unideb.hu.
authors.forename: János
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kappelmayer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D017583:Hemodiafiltration; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D055815:Young Adult; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D015415:Biomarkers; D019040:E-Selectin; D019007:P-Selectin; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D006493:Heparin
keywords: ESRD; Haemodiafiltration; Haemodialysis; Monocyte-platelet aggregate; P-selectin