title: Complications in recipients of cardioverter-defibrillator or cardiac resynchronization therapy: Insights from Silesian Center Defibrillator registry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current real-life information from all-comers registries from middle and east Europe about the incidence and type of complications during long-term follow-up of patients with cardioverters-defibrillators (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization devices-defibrillators (CRT-D) is still insufficient. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence and determinants of short- and long-term complications related to implantable ICD and CRT-D.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 1,105 recipients hospitalized in our center in 2009-2013, followed for a mean of 2.4 years (total of 2,652 patient-years). The independent association between ICD and CRT-D recipients' and implantation-procedures' characteristics with the incidence of complications was analyzed using multivariable Cox regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2-month post-procedural period, 124 (11.2%) patients developed complications. Independent predictors of short-term complications (within 2 months) were: atrial fibrillation, dual chamber ICD implantation, and use of antiplatelet therapy or coumarin. Twenty-seven (2.44%) patients experienced complications, mostly lead-related (n = 21). Independent predictors of long-term complications (2-12 months after implantation) were atrial fibrillation and dual chamber ICD implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite significant technological progress and operators' experience, the occurrence of complications in ICD and CRT-D recipients is still substantial. Majority of complications are recorded in the early post-implantation phase. Analysis of independent predictors of complications seem to be essential in helping to reduce adverse events in the future and strongly supports the need for routine follow-up.
authors.forename: Mateusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tajstra
authors.affiliation: 3rd Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Hear t Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland. egadulagacek@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gadula-Gacek
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurek
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adamowicz-Czoch
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Olszowski
authors.forename: Mateusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ostręga
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciślak
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Pyka
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hawranek
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lekston
authors.forename: Lech
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poloński
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gąsior
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D058406:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D058409:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices; D015897:Comorbidity; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
keywords: cardiac electronic implantable devices; cardiac resynchronization therapy; cardioverter-defibrillator; complications; registry