title: Increasing Incidence of Salmonella in Australia, 2000-2013.
abstract: Salmonella is a key cause of foodborne gastroenteritis in Australia and case numbers are increasing. We used negative binomial regression to analyze national surveillance data for 2000-2013, for Salmonella Typhimurium and non-Typhimurium Salmonella serovars. We estimated incidence rate ratios adjusted for sex and age to show trends over time. Almost all states and territories had significantly increasing trends of reported infection for S. Typhimurium, with states and territories reporting annual increases as high as 12% (95% confidence interval 10-14%) for S. Typhimurium in the Australian Capital Territory and 6% (95% CI 5-7%) for non-Typhimurium Salmonella in Victoria. S. Typhimurium notification rates were higher than non-Typhimurium Salmonella rates in most age groups in the south eastern states of Australia, while non-Typhimurium rates were higher in most age groups elsewhere. The S. Typhimurium notification rate peaked at 12-23 months of age and the non-Typhimurium Salmonella notification rate peaked at 0-11 months of age. The age-specific pattern of S. Typhimurium cases suggests a foodborne origin, while the age and geographic pattern for non-Typhimurium may indicate that other transmission routes play a key role for these serovars.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-9672
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Human Services, Hobart, Tasmania (Tas.), Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veitch
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wardell
authors.affiliation: OzFoodNet, Australian Government Department of Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Polkinghorne
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dobbins
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia.
authors.forename: Aparna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia.
authors.forename: Martyn D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kirk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055815:Young Adult