title: Mortality in a combined cohort of uranium enrichment workers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the patterns of cause-specific mortality and relationship between internal exposure to uranium and specific causes in a pooled cohort of 29,303 workers employed at three former uranium enrichment facilities in the United States with follow-up through 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for the full cohort were calculated with the U.S. population as referent. Internal comparison of the dose-response relation between selected outcomes and estimated organ doses was evaluated using regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  External comparison with the U.S. population showed significantly lower SMRs in most diseases in the pooled cohort. Internal comparison showed positive associations of absorbed organ doses with multiple myeloma, and to a lesser degree with kidney cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In general, these gaseous diffusion plant workers had significantly lower SMRs than the U.S.
  
  
  METHODS
  The internal comparison however, showed associations between internal organ doses and diseases associated with uranium exposure in previous studies. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:96-108, 2017. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yiin
authors.affiliation: Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Jeri L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.affiliation: Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bertke
authors.affiliation: Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tollerud
authors.affiliation: Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Chih-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.affiliation: Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Pi-Hsueh
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Waters
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015989:Healthy Worker Effect; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008669:Metallurgy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000401:mortality; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000069079:Radiation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014501:Uranium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014501:Uranium
keywords: absorbed organ doses; exposure-response; gaseous diffusion; radiation; standardized mortality ratios; uranium enrichment