title: Magnesium, zinc, arsenic, selenium and platinum urinary excretion from cancer patients of Antofagasta region, Chile: multi-metal approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the short-term 24 h urinary excretion of platinum, arsenic, selenium, magnesium and zinc in patients with lung cancer and with cancer other than lungs treated with cisplatin or/and carboplatin from Antofagasta, Chile.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urine measurements of Pt and Se were made by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, As by hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometry and Mg and Zn by means of flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  All samples were provided by the Oncological Centre of Antofagasta Regional Hospital (Region of Antofagasta, Chile).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety 24-h urine samples from cancer patients after the infusion of Pt-base drugs and 10 24-h urine samples from cancer patients not treated with metal-base drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of Pt, Se, As, Zn and Mg coming from 24-h urine samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pt excreted was not significantly different between patients with lung and other cancers treated with cisplatin. The excretion of Mg, Zn and Se was greater than As. Then, Pt favours the excretion of essential elements. For lung and other types of cancers treated with drugs without Pt, excretion of Mg, Zn and Se was also greater than that of As, suggesting antagonism Mg-Zn-Se-anti-cancer drug relationship.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The amounts of Mg, Zn and Se excreted were greater than for As either with or without Pt-containing drugs, suggesting antagonist Mg-Zn-Se-anti-cancer drug relationships. The excretion of As, Mg, Zn and Se is induced by Pt. Knowledge obtained can contribute to understanding the arsenic cancer mechanism and the As-Mg-Zn-Se-Pt inter-element association for lung cancer and other types of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Bioinorganic and Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 124000, Chile.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Román
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Bioinorganic and Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 124000, Chile.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pizarro
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Bioinorganic and Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 124000, Chile.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Bioinorganic and Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 124000, Chile.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ávila
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Bioinorganic and Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 124000, Chile.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cortés
keywords: Cancer; arsenic; heavy metal short-term urinary excretion; inter-element relationships; magnesium; platinum-based drugs chemotherapy; selenium platinum; urine; zinc