title: Transient Ischemic Attacks: Advances in Diagnosis and Management in the Emergency Department.
abstract: The definition of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) has evolved over the past decade from a clinical diagnosis to a tissue-based definition based on neuroimaging results. TIA shares the same pathophysiology as stroke, which occurs in up to 5% of patients within 48 hours of the TIA and 10% within 90 days. This rate is decreasing, likely due to improved diagnostic and management strategies. Decision support scores have been developed to risk stratify patients, which include clinical and radiological elements. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy, as well as carotid endarterectomy/stenting have been shown to reduce the stroke occurrence after TIA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duca
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, Box 1620, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: andy.jagoda@mssm.edu.
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jagoda
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D059906:Neuroimaging; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis
keywords: Stroke; TIA; Transient ischemic attack