title: Evaluation of Sialic Acid in Infant Feeding: Contents and Bioavailability.
abstract: Sialic acid (Sia) contents and bioaccessibility (BA) in human milk (HM) and infant formulas (IFs) were determined, and Sia intakes by infants between 0 and 6 months of age were evaluated. Total Sia contents in HM decreased during lactation from 136.14 to 24.47 mg/100 mL. The total Sia contents in IFs (13.15-25.78 mg/100 mL) were lower than in HM and were not related to the addition of ingredients acting as sources of Sia in their formulation. The Sia intakes derived from IF consumption were lower than in HM, and only one IF reached the intakes provided by HM from the age of 2 months. Despite the lower total Sia content in IFs, the BA of Sia in IFs (88.08-92.96%) was significantly greater than in mature HM (72.51%) and similar to that found in colostrum (96.43%). However, the Sia contents in the available soluble fraction of IFs did not reach those provided by HM.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Food Science Area, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia , Avenida Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Claumarchirant
authors.affiliation: Hero Institute of Infant Nutrition, Hero Group , Avenida Murcia 1, 30820 Alcantarilla (Murcia), Spain.
authors.forename: Luis Manuel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Siles
authors.affiliation: Hero Institute of Infant Nutrition, Hero Group , Avenida Murcia 1, 30820 Alcantarilla (Murcia), Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matencio
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Food Science Area, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia , Avenida Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain.
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alegría
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Food Science Area, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia , Avenida Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain.
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lagarda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001682:Biological Availability; D001903:Bottle Feeding; D001942:Breast Feeding; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000032:analysis*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009438:Neuraminic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009438:Neuraminic Acids; C032592:N-glycolylneuraminic acid; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid
keywords: bioaccessibility; human milk; infant formulas; sialic acid