title: Characteristics Associated With Adding Cereal Into the Bottle Among Immigrant Mother-Infant Dyads of Low Socioeconomic Status and Hispanic Ethnicity.
abstract: Determine maternal and infant characteristics associated with adding cereal into the bottle.
  
  
  
  Secondary data analysis.
  
  
  
  Study participants were immigrant, low-income, urban mother-infant dyads (n = 216; 91% Hispanic, 19% US-born) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial entitled the Bellevue Project for Early Language, Literacy and Education Success.
  
  
  
  Maternal characteristics (age, marital status, ethnicity, primary language, country of origin, education, work status, income, depressive symptoms, and concern about infant's future weight) and infant characteristics (gender, first born, and difficult temperament).
  
  
  
  Fisher exact test, chi-square test, and simultaneous multiple logistic regression of significant (P < .05) variables identified in unadjusted analyses.
  
  
  
  Twenty-seven percent of mothers added cereal into the bottle. After adjusting for confounding variables identified in bivariate analyses, mothers who were single (P = .02), had moderate to severe depressive symptoms (P = .01) and perceived their infant had a difficult temperament (P = .03) were more likely to add cereal into the bottle. Conversely, mothers who expressed concern about their infants becoming overweight were less likely to add cereal (P = .02).
  
  
  
  Health care providers should screen for adding cereal in infant bottles. Further research is needed to investigate the impact of adding cereal into the bottle on weight trajectories over time. Causal associations also need to be identified to effectively prevent this practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA. Electronic address: taylorce@uci.edu.
authors.forename: Candice Taylor
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Mary Jo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Messito
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: Rachel S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Suzy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomopoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Arthur H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Fierman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Carolyn Brockmeyer
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Cates
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Department of Psychology, Marymount Manhattan College, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Samantha Berkule
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Benard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dreyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mendelsohn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001903:Bottle Feeding / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002523:Edible Grain; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Hispanic; cereal in the bottle; feeding; infant; low-income; responsive feeding