title: Evidence-practice gaps in lung cancer: A scoping review.
abstract: Lung cancer is a significant international health problem. Aligning clinical practice with evidence-based guideline recommendations has the potential to improve patient outcomes. This scoping review describes evidence-practice gaps across the diagnostic and management care pathway for lung cancer. We conducted searches of online databases Medline, PsychInfo, Cinahl and the Cochrane Library to identify studies published between 2008 and 2012. Of 614 articles screened, 65 met inclusion criteria. We identified seven evidence-practice gaps: (1) delays in timely diagnosis and referral; (2) curative and (3) palliative treatments are under-utilised; (4) older age and co-morbidities influence the use of treatments; (5) the benefits of multidisciplinary team review are not available to all lung cancer patients; (6) psychosocial needs are unmet; and (7) early referral to palliative care services is under-utilised. The scoping review highlighted three key messages: (1) there are significant challenges in the timely diagnosis and referral of lung cancer; (2) curative and palliative treatments, psychosocial support and palliative care are under-utilised in lung cancer management; and (3) variations in treatment utilisation appear to be associated with non-disease factors such as patient characteristics, provider practices and the organisation of health care services. Future research should focus on designing interventions to overcome variations in care.
authors.affiliation: Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Rankin
authors.affiliation: Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|Research in Implementation Science and eHealth (RISe), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McGregor
authors.affiliation: Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|Department of Thoracic Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.affiliation: Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.|Centre for Medical Psychology & Evidence-based Decision-Making, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Butow
authors.affiliation: Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|Royal Prince Alfred Institute of Academic Surgery, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|Cancer Nursing Research Unit, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|Research in Implementation Science and eHealth (RISe), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008495:Medical Oncology; D010166:Palliative Care; D000071836:Professional Practice Gaps; D000073320:Psycho-Oncology / Q000592:standards; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000592:standards
keywords: clinical practice guidelines; evidence based practice; lung cancer; quality of health care; scoping review