title: Does intrauterine saline infusion by intrauterine insemination (IUI) catheter as endometrial injury during IVF cycles improve pregnancy outcomes among patients with recurrent implantation failure?: An RCT.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recurrent implantation failure is one of the most issues in IVF cycles. Some researchers found that beneficial effects of endometrial Scratching in women with recurrent implantation failure, while some authors demonstrated contrary results.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to investigate the effect of intrauterine. Saline infusion as a form of endometrial injury, during fresh in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycle, among patients with recurrent implantation failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this clinical trial study 63 women undergoing assisted reproductive technology were divided into two groups either local endometrial injury by intrauterine saline infusion during day 3-5 of the ongoing controlled ovarian stimulation cycle, or IVF protocol performed without any other intervention in Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The main outcome measure was clinical pregnancy rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who received intra uterine saline infusion (n=20), had significantly lower clinical pregnancy numbers (1 vs. 9, p<0.05) and implantation rates (4.7% vs. 41.6%, p<0.05), compared to controls (n=39). However, there was no significant difference in miscarriage rates (9.4% vs. 8.7%, p>0.05) and multiple pregnancy numbers (1 vs. 3, p>0.05) between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When intrauterine saline infusion as a form of endometrial injury is performed during the ongoing IVF cycles it has negative effect on reproductive outcomes among patients with recurrent implantation failure.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Gynecology Research Center (PGRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saghar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salehpour
authors.affiliation: Preventive Gynecology Research Center (PGRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Infertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zamaniyan
authors.affiliation: Preventive Gynecology Research Center (PGRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saharkhiz
authors.affiliation: Preventive Gynecology Research Center (PGRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahrzad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zadeh Modares
authors.affiliation: Preventive Gynecology Research Center (PGRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sedighe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hosieni
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Theriogenology and Obstetric, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seif
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Narges
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Malih
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Parinaz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rezapoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad-Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sohrabi
keywords: Artificial Insemination; Embryo Transfer; Embryo implantation; Endometrium; Fertilization in Vitro; Injuries; Pregnancy