title: Cognitive Decline in Relation to Psychological Wellbeing and HIV Disease- and Treatment Characteristics in HIV-Infected Patients on cART: A One-Year Follow-Up Study.
abstract: The objectives of the current study were to examine cognitive decline in relation to psychological wellbeing, HIV disease and treatment characteristics and baseline variables over a one-year period of time in a group of HIV-infected patients on long term cART with undetectable viral load in comparison to a HIV-negative control group. Eighty-two of 95 patients and 43 of 55 controls who completed a baseline assessment for the Art-NeCo study underwent a follow-up neuropsychological assessment. A repeated-measure general linear model analysis was performed to compare the performance at follow-up in comparison to baseline between the patients and controls. Reliable change indices were computed as a measure of significant change in cognitive function. Compared to controls, patients overall performed worse on the domain speed of information processing. In the patient group a worse performance at follow-up was present for the verbal fluency domain compared to the controls, in the absence of a baseline group difference. For the executive function domain, no group differences were found at follow-up, but the patients performed worse than the controls at baseline. We found that cognitive decline was related to more frequent use of recreational drugs and a somewhat heightened level of irritability and more somatic complaints at baseline. However, the decliners did not differ from the non-decliners on any of the HIV-related variables.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology 840, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marloes A M
authors.initials: MAM
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Koopmans
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology 840, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. roy.kessels@radboudumc.nl.|Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. roy.kessels@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: Roy P C
authors.initials: RPC
authors.lastname: Kessels
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D003071:Cognition; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction; D056344:Executive Function / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011788:Quality of Life; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: Cognitive decline; Follow-up; HIV; RCI; Wellbeing