title: Dark-field X-ray ptychography: Towards high-resolution imaging of thick and unstained biological specimens.
abstract: The phase shift of light or electrons in objects is now necessary for probing weak-phase objects such as unstained biological specimens. Optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been used to observe weak-phase objects. However, conventional OM has low spatial resolution and TEM is limited to thin specimens. Here, we report on the development of dark-field X-ray ptychography, which combines X-ray ptychography and X-ray in-line holography, to observe weak-phase objects with a phase resolution better than 0.01 rad, a spatial resolution better than 15 nm, and a field of view larger than 5 μm. We apply this method to the observation of both the outline and magnetosomes of the magnetotactic bacteria MO-1. Observation of thick samples with high resolution is expected to find broad applications in not only biology but also materials science.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.|RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.|RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.|RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Burdet
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.|RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006696:Holography; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008853:Microscopy; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D011859:Radiography; D014965:X-Rays