title: Anticancer effect of thalidomide in vitro on human osteosarcoma cells.
abstract: Osteosarcoma is a high‑grade malignant tumor frequently found in children and adolescents. Thalidomide has been reported for treatment of various malignancies. Thalidomide was added to osteosarcoma cells and studied by cytotoxicity assay, evaluating apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the expression of Bcl‑2, Bax, caspase‑3 and NF‑κB. The results showed that thalidomide could inhibit the proliferation of MG‑63 and U2OS cells in a concentration‑ and time‑dependent manner. Morphological changes of apoptosis were also observed. Thalidomide increased the apoptosis rate of MG‑63 cells and induced cell cycle arrest by increasing the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase and decreasing the percentage of S phase in MG‑63 cells. Further investigation showed that a disruption of ΔΨm and upregulation of ROS were induced by thalidomide in high concentration. By western blot analysis, thalidomide resulted in the decreasing expression of Bcl‑2 and NF‑κB, and the increasing expression of Bcl‑2/Bax and caspase‑3. Here, we provide evidence that thalidomide could cause apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Taken together, these results indicate that thalidomide could be an antitumor drug in the therapy of osteosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: The Nursing College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Sihong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huihua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guiqiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuxuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yamin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qifeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; C000595707:BCL2 protein, human; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013792:Thalidomide