title: The effect of antioxidant supplementation on bacterial translocation after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion.
abstract: The intestine is highly sensitive to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Intestinal I/R may cause local tissue injury and disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier, allowing the passage of viable bacteria and endotoxins from the gastrointestinal lumen to distant organs. This phenomenon, known as bacterial translocation (BT), may lead to systemic disorders with high morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress mediators such as reactive oxygen species, polymorphonuclear neutrophils and nitric oxide are believed to contribute to the intestinal I/R injury. Many antioxidants have shown protective effects against I/R injury of various organs. The present article provides an overview of studies investigating the effect of antioxidant supplementation on BT after intestinal I/R.
authors.affiliation: a National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tassopoulos
authors.affiliation: b Hellenic Society of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Athens , Greece.|c National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chalkias
authors.affiliation: f Experimental-Research Centre ELPEN Pharmaceutical Co. Inc. , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papalois
authors.affiliation: e Department of Neonatology, Aretaieio Hospital , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iacovidou
authors.affiliation: d European University Cyprus , School of Medicine , Nicosia , Cyprus.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xanthos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde
keywords: Bacterial translocation; NO toxicity; antioxidants; free radicals; intestinal ischemia; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; reperfusion injury