title: Position of the major curve influences asymmetrical trunk kinematics during gait in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
abstract: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a structural, lateral curvature with rotation of the spine that develops around puberty. The influence of this spinal deformity on three-dimensional trunk movements during gait has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of spinal curve pattern (single thoracic curve vs. single lumbar curve) on trunk kinematics during gait.
  
  
  
  Twenty-two patients with a single thoracic curve (Lenke type 1) and 17 patients with a single lumbar curve (Lenke type 5) were included in this study. Trunk symmetry in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes during gait was evaluated using an optoelectronic motion capture system.
  
  
  
  In the type 1 group, the trunk was significantly rotated towards the concave side in the transverse plane during gait (mean difference of transverse rotation angle between concave side load and the convex side load, 8.8±0.6°, p<0.01). In the type 5 group, the trunk was significantly rotated towards the convex side in the coronal plane throughout the stance phase of gait (mean difference of coronal inclination angle, 1.9±0.3°, p<0.05).
  
  
  
  The AIS patients with a single thoracic curve showed asymmetrical trunk movement in the transverse plane, and patients with a single lumbar curve showed asymmetrical trunk movement in the coronal plane. These results indicate that the spinal curve pattern influenced trunk kinematics, and suggest that the global postural control strategy of patients with AIS differs according to the curve pattern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biomechanics, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagura
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Naobumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosogane
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Morio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: kw197251@keio.jp.
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000067697:Adolescent Health; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000503:physiopathology; D060726:Torso / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Lumbar major curve; Optoelectronic system; Thoracic major curve; Three-dimensional gait analysis; Trunk kinematics