title: Antimicrobial Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized in Solution by Sodium Alginate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of nanosilver particles in solution stabilized in a matrix of sodium alginate on the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria such asStaphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis,Escherichia coli,Proteus vulgaris,Enterobacter cloacae, the antibiotic-resistant strain ofPseudomonas aeruginosa, the yeast-like fungusCandida albicans, and the luminescent bacteriaPhotobacterium leiognathiSh1.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolates of pathogenic bacteria obtained from bronchoalveolar and peritoneal lavage samples from Wistar rats with experimental pneumonia and peritonitis were tested for their susceptibility to silver nanoparticles in solution with an alginate stabilizer. The antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles in sodium alginate was studied forC. albicans(strain CCM885) using the Sabouraud agar method. The biocidal impact of silver nanoparticles in solution with a sodium alginate matrix on the luminescent bacteriaP. leiognathiSh1 was investigated using a BLM 8801 luminometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was observed that a 0.02-0.05% nanosilver solution with an alginate stabilizer limits the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria within the first 24 hours of exposure. If the concentration of nanosilver solution is 0.0005-0.05%, it inhibits the viability of the fungusC. albicans. A nanosilver solution at a concentration of 0.05-0.2 μg/mL represses bioluminescence in the bacteriaP. leiognathiSh1. From these results, it appears that the biocidal effect of nanosilver is related either to the presence of ions that are formed during dissolution, or to the availability of nanoparticles that interrupt the membrane permeability of bacterial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Silver nanoparticles stabilized in a solution of sodium alginate possess significantin vitroantimicrobial activity, which is manifested by inhibition of the bioluminescence ofP. leiognathiSh1, and inhibition of the growth and development of the pathogenic bacteriaS. aureus,E. faecalis,E. coli, P. vulgaris,E. cloacae, the antibiotic-resistant strain ofP. aeruginosa, and the fungusC. albicans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and General Pathophysiology, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky CFU, Simferopol, Russia.
authors.forename: Anatoliy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubyshkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and General Pathophysiology, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky CFU, Simferopol, Russia.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chegodar
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and General Pathophysiology, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky CFU, Simferopol, Russia.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katsev
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Armen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petrosyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky CFU, Russia.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Krivorutchenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky CFU, Russia.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Postnikova
keywords: Luminescent bacteria; Pathogenic bacteria; Silver nanoparticles; Sodium alginate; Yeast-like fungi