title: Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Profile in Individuals With Diabetes Compared With Non-Diabetic Subjects in North-East of Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus is assumed to be a strong risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and is frequently associated with other CVD risk factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of different patterns of dyslipidemia in individuals with diabetes compared with non-diabetic subjects and evaluate other accompanied CVD risk factors between the two groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an analytical cross-sectional study on 230 participants, aged 28 - 66 years old, who were referred to different urban health centers of Khorasan Razavi province (north-east of Iran). Data from the participants were collected during their first visit by primary care physicians. Statistical package for social science (version 11.5) was used to analyze the data. The chi-square or Fisher's exact, student's t or the Mann-Whitney U and correlation tests were used in the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age and gender of the participants were not different between the two groups (P = 0.1 and P = 0.4, respectively). The most common patterns of dyslipidemia in both groups were isolated dyslipidemia followed by combined dyslipidemia. Prevalence of dyslipidemia as a whole (one, two or three lipid profile abnormalities) in patients with diabetes and non-diabetic participants was 89.3% and 82.6%, respectively and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.1). Subjects with diabetes had higher systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), higher diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.002) and higher body mass index (P = 0.09) compared to non-diabetics. Moreover, they were more likely to have higher levels of total cholesterol (P = 0.01), triglycerides (P = 0.001) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.009) and lower levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiovascular diseases risk factors are more common in patients with diabetes; however, non-diabetic individuals also had a high prevalence of risk factors in our region, predisposing them to diabetes. Therefore, further attention by the medical community is necessary to choose effective strategies for a more a aggressive approach to prevent and manage these risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Shabnam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niroumand
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Maliheh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dadgarmoghaddam
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eghbali
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, State Health Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abrishami
authors.affiliation: Atherosclerosis Prevention Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gholoobi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, State Health Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran; Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences IR Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Bahrami Taghanaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khajedaluee
keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Dyslipidemias; Risk Factors