title: Thin-Film Transformation of NH4PbI3to CH3NH3PbI3Perovskite: A Methylamine-Induced Conversion-Healing Process.
abstract: Methylamine-induced thin-film transformation at room-temperature is discovered, where a porous, rough, polycrystalline NH4PbI3non-perovskite thin film converts stepwise into a dense, ultrasmooth, textured CH3NH3PbI3perovskite thin film. Owing to the beneficial phase/structural development of the thin film, its photovoltaic properties undergo dramatic enhancement during this NH4PbI3-to-CH3NH3PbI3transformation process. The chemical origins of this transformation are studied at various length scales.
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China.|School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
authors.forename: Yingxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
authors.forename: Minggang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
authors.forename: Hector F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Garces
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fuxiang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guanglei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao Cheng
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
authors.forename: Nitin P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Padture
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pang
keywords: hybrid perovskites; solar cells; thin films