title: Leptomeningeal metastasis from gynecologic cancers diagnosed by brain MRI.
abstract: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is rarely observed in gynecologic cancers. As gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-MRI) is highly effective for diagnosing LM, the aim of this study is to describe the clinical behaviors and outcomes of LM patients who were diagnosed by Gd-MRI. After securing institutional review board approvals, we retrospectively reviewed patient records. Eight patients were found to have LM from gynecological malignancies. Primary tumors included three ovarian cancers, one tubal cancer, one peritoneal cancer, two endometrial cancers, and one cervical cancer. Gd-MRI of the brain and the spine is indicated as the high-priority inspection for the diagnosis of this devastating complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Sendai, Japan. Electronic address: m-toyo@med.tohoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shigeta
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Disaster Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otsuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niikura
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yaegashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D005682:Gadolinium
keywords: Carcinomatous meningitis; Cytology; Gynecologic cancers; Leptomeningeal metastasis; Magnetic resonance imaging