title: Efficacy of repeat hepatectomy for recurrence following curative hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 128 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite improvements in surgery and chemotherapy, most patients develop recurrence after initial hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). Following initial hepatectomy for CRLM, patterns and surgical management of recurrence have not been widely reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 128 patients who underwent hepatic resection for CRLM between January 2000 and December 2012. Demographics, operative data, site of recurrence, and long-term survival data were collected and analyzed. Patients were stratified into 3 groups based on their site of recurrence as intrahepatic, intra- and extrahepatic, and extrahepatic. In addition, the influence of potential factors on overall survival (OS) in patients with only liver relapse was analyzed through univariate and multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After curative initial hepatectomy, 87 (68.0%) patients had a recurrence: 33 in the intrahepatic group, 11 in the intra- and extrahepatic group, and 43 in the extrahepatic group. The OS for the intra- and extrahepatic group was significantly lower than that for the intrahepatic group. In the intrahepatic group, disease-free interval (DFI) < 12 months and non-repeat hepatectomy were independent poor prognostic factors. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) at the time of hepatectomy was significantly higher in DFI < 12 group than in the DFI ≥ 12 group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patterns of recurrence following initial hepatectomy for CRLM have important implications for OS. In the intrahepatic recurrence group, short DFI was correlated with high CEA at hepatectomy, and was a poor prognostic factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan. Electronic address: tsukoba@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Michinori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamaoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwako
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8557, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohdan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery*; D011379:Prognosis; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen
keywords: Colorectal liver metastases; Prognostic factor; Recurrence; Repeat hepatectomy