title: Nurses' Written Responses to Pain Management Values Education: A Content Analysis.
abstract: Providing optimal pain care for patients is essential to the work of nursing and a measure of patient satisfaction prompting some hospitals to offer pain management classes for clinicians. Although nurses generally do well on knowledge tests after attending a pain class, actual improvement in pain care for patients may not occur. The personal values of the clinician may be a key driver of pain-management decision making. Therefore, a segment on how clinicians' personal values influence pain care decisions was added to a large Midwestern hospital's pain management class. The purpose of this study was to examine the written answers to questions posed to nurses regarding any practice changes they have made to caring for patients with pain after participating in a class that included a segment on personal values. This study used a qualitative content analysis method. A large Midwestern healthcare system. Twenty clinical registered nurses who attended a pain class in April 2014. Participants provided written answers to two open-ended interview questions. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis of the text. Four themes were identified among participants' answers: understanding the patient, importance of pain education, nurse's self-awareness, and interpretation of personal values. Nurses who learned how their personal values affect their pain management decisions described new insights into their own approach to pain management. More research is needed to fully understand the impact of knowing one's own values and determining which clinician values are associated with optimal pain care.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. Electronic address: bernhoe@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Esther I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Bernhofer
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Rose
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hosler
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karius
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015146:Midwestern United States; D009726:Nurses / Q000639:trends; D059408:Pain Management / Q000451:nursing* / Q000592:standards; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012945:Social Values