title: Comparison of Percutaneous Retrogasserian Balloon Compression and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia in Multiple Sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared and evaluated percutaneous retrogasserian balloon compression (PBC) and Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this single-center, retrospective comparative study, 202 patients with MS and concomitant TN were evaluated. A minimum follow-up of 24 months was required. Patients with a history of microvascular decompression or previous intervention were excluded. Between February 2009 and December 2013, 78 PBC procedures and 124 first-dosage GKRS procedures were performed. PBC procedures were successfully completed in all cases. The 2 groups were compared with regard to initial effect, duration of effect, and complications including type and severity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediate pain relief occurred in 87% of patients treated with PBC and in 23% of patients treated with GKRS. Kaplan-Meier plots for the 2 treatment modalities were similar. The 50% recurrence rate was at 12 months for the PBC group and 18 months for the GKRS group. Complication (excluding numbness) rates were 3% for GKRS and 21% for PBC. The difference was statistically significant (χ2test, P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PBC and GKRS are effective techniques for treatment of TN in patients with MS. Fewer complications and superior long-term relief were associated with GKRS. We consider GKRS as the first option for the treatment of TN in patients with MS, reserving PBC for patients with acute, intractable pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Miami Neuroscience Center at Larkin, South Miami, Florida, USA; Biotechnology-Oncology, Advanced Academic Programs, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Electronic address: andresmauricioalvarez07@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Andres M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Pinzon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Miami Neuroscience Center at Larkin, South Miami, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Aizik L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: St. George's University School of Medicine, Grenada, West Indies.
authors.forename: Heather N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Swedberg
authors.affiliation: American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, St. Maarten.
authors.forename: Kory A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Barkley
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cucalon
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Curia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Miami Neuroscience Center at Larkin, South Miami, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Jose E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Valerio
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014277:Trigeminal Neuralgia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Balloon compression; Gamma Knife; Multiple sclerosis; Trigeminal neuralgia