title: Molecular Imaging of Brain Tumors Using Liposomal Contrast Agents and Nanoparticles.
abstract: The first generation of cross-sectional brain imaging using computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography, and eventually MR imaging focused on determining structural or anatomic changes associated with brain disorders. The current state-of-the-art imaging, functional imaging, uses techniques such as CT and MR perfusion that allow determination of physiologic parameters in vivo. In parallel, tissue-based genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic profiling of brain tumors has created several novel and exciting possibilities for molecular targeting of brain tumors. The next generation of imaging translates these molecular in vitro techniques to in vivo, noninvasive, targeted reconstruction of tumors and their microenvironments.
authors.affiliation: Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 757 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
authors.forename: Arnav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 850, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Ketan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghaghada
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: smukundan@partners.org.
authors.forename: Srinivasan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukundan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008081:Liposomes; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D008081:Liposomes
keywords: Brain tumor; Gold nanoparticle; Iron oxide nanoparticle; Liposomes; Molecular imaging; Molecular targeting