title: Carcinoma of the superior pulmonary sulcus: Results of multidisciplinary treatment.
abstract: Superior sulcus tumors are a complex subset of tumors accounting for less than 5% of lung tumors.
  
  
  
  Twenty-three patients admitted between 2001 and 2007 were included in the study,. Computed tomography scan of the chest was considered the primary diagnostic and staging investigation for all patients. Radiation therapy was given preoperatively to 20 patients, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given to 13 patients.
  
  
  
  There were 22 men and one woman in the study. The mean age was 53 years. Lobectomy was performed in 20 patients and wedge resection was done for three patients. Three to five ribs were resected in all patients. Extended resections were performed in eight patients. Positive mediastinal lymph nodes were found six patients. The staging was: Stage IIB (11 patients); Stage IIIA (four patients), Stage IIIB (six patients) and Stage IV (two patients). Negative resection margin was achieved in 18 patients. Postoperative complications developed in nine patients, there was one operation related mortality. Tumor recurrence developed in 16 patients. The mean survival time was 2.8 years and the overall 5-years survival was 26%.
  
  
  
  Multimodality treatment gives satisfactory results with low morbidity and mortality rates and acceptable survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Radiotherapy, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abdelrahman Mohamed
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abdelrahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Radiotherapy, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ismael Abdelmonem
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Mourad
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Radiotherapy, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Rabab Mohamed
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Gaafar
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Radiotherapy, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hisham Abdelkader
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Elhossieny
keywords: Superior sulcus; treatment; tumor