title: Individualized functional restoration as an adjunct to advice for lumbar disc herniation with associated radiculopathy. A preplanned subgroup analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: Physical therapy is commonly sought by people with lumbar disc herniation and associated radiculopathy. It is unclear whether physical therapy is effective for this population.
  
  
  
  To determine the effectiveness of physical therapist-delivered individualized functional restoration as an adjunct to guideline-based advice in people with lumbar disc herniation and associated radiculopathy.
  
  
  
  This is a preplanned subgroup analysis of a multicenter parallel group randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  
  The study included 54 participants with clinical features of radiculopathy (6-week to 6-month duration) and imaging showing a lumbar disc herniation.
  
  
  
  Primary outcomes were activity limitation (Oswestry Disability Index) and separate 0-10 numerical pain rating scales for leg pain and back pain. Measures were taken at baseline and at 5, 10, 26, and 52 weeks.
  
  
  
  The participants were randomly allocated to receive either individualized functional restoration incorporating advice (10 sessions) or guideline-based advice alone (2 sessions) over a 10-week period. Treatment was administered by 11 physical therapists at private clinics in Melbourne, Australia.
  
  
  
  Between-group differences for activity limitation favored the addition of individualized functional restoration to advice alone at 10 weeks (7.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3-15.1) and 52 weeks (8.2, 95% CI 0.7-15.6), as well as back pain at 10 weeks (1.4, 95% CI 0.2-2.7). There were no significant differences between groups for leg pain at any follow-up. Several secondary outcomes also favored individualized functional restoration over advice.
  
  
  
  In participants with lumbar disc herniation and associated radiculopathy, an individualized functional restoration program incorporating advice led to greater reduction in activity limitation at 10- and 52-week follow-ups compared with guideline-based advice alone. Although back pain was significantly reduced at 10 weeks with individualized functional restoration, this effect was not maintained at later timepoints, and there were no significant effects on leg pain, relative to guideline-based advice.
authors.affiliation: Low Back Research Team, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia. Electronic address: a.hahne@latrobe.edu.au.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hahne
authors.affiliation: Low Back Research Team, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
authors.forename: Jon J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health, Exercise & Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Rana S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hinman
authors.affiliation: Low Back Research Team, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.affiliation: Low Back Research Team, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
authors.forename: Luke D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Surkitt
authors.affiliation: Low Back Research Team, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
authors.forename: Alexander Y P
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Low Back Research Team, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.affiliation: Low Back Research Team, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
authors.forename: Nicholas F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia; D001416:Back Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D037001:Directive Counseling; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Intervertebral disc displacement; Low back pain; Physical therapy; Radiculopathy; Randomized controlled trial; Rehabilitation; Sciatica