title: Levels of adherence and factors associated with adherence to option B+ prevention of mother-to-child transmission among pregnant and lactating mothers in selected government health facilities of South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, northeast Ethiopia, 2016.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to measure the levels of adherence and to identify factors associated with adherence to option B+ prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) among pregnant and lactating mothers in selected government health facilities of South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, northeast Ethiopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  An institution-based cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed from March 1, 2016 to April 14, 2016, using a standard structured data collection instrument. A sample of 191 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive pregnant and lactating mothers who were receiving PMTCT follow-up in the selected health facilities participated in the study. The data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with adherence. The p-values <0.05 and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to identify associations between independent predictors and the outcome variable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of adherence to option B+ PMTCT drugs was 87.9%. Women who received in-hospital treatment, who lived in rural areas, and faced challenges in initiating lifelong option B+ treatment on the same-day that they were diagnosed with HIV were less likely to adhere to the treatment (adjusted odds ratios [95% CI] of 0.3 [0.11 to 0.82], 0.26 [0.1 to 0.73], and 0.08 [0.02 to 0.37], respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collaborative efforts of zonal health departments with health facility administrators and counselors are recommended for effective and efficient interventions focusing on hospitals, rural areas, and patients who face challenges on the day of their diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dassie, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Delelegn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsegaye
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Leul
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deribe
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dassie, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Shambel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wodajo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005002:Ethiopia; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006268:Health Facilities; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D057566:Self Report; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: Breastfeeding; Ethiopia; Medication adherence; Pregnant women