title: Barriers to Condom Use: Results for Men and Women Enrolled in HIV Risk Reduction Trials in Outpatient Drug Treatment.
abstract: HIV transmission often occurs through heterosexual high-risk sex. Even in the era of HIV combination prevention, promoting condom use, and understanding condom barriers, remain priorities, especially among substance-dependent individuals. Men and women (N=729) in outpatient drug treatment participated in a five-session gender-specific risk reduction group or one-session HIV Education group. Condom barriers (Motivation, Partner-related, Access/Availability, Sexual experience) were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Completing either intervention was associated with fewer motivation and partner-related barriers. Among women, reductions in motivation and sexual experience barriers were associated with less sexual risk with primary partners. Condom barriers are important to gender-specific HIV prevention; given limited resources, brief interventions maximizing active components are needed.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY; St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Aimee N C
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona, Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine, Tucson, AZ.
authors.forename: Audrey J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.affiliation: Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Biostatistics, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pavlicova
authors.affiliation: Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry.
authors.forename: Mei-Chen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hatch-Maillette
authors.affiliation: Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Calsyn
authors.affiliation: Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry; St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tross
keywords: Attitudes; Condoms; Gender differences; HIV/AIDS; Substance Use Disorders