title: Induction of humoural and cellular immunity by immunisation with HCV particle vaccine in a non-human primate model.
abstract: Although HCV is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, there is currently no prophylactic vaccine for this virus. Thus, the development of an HCV vaccine that can induce both humoural and cellular immunity is urgently needed. To create an effective HCV vaccine, we evaluated neutralising antibody induction and cellular immune responses following the immunisation of a non-human primate model with cell culture-generated HCV (HCVcc).
  
  
  
  To accomplish this, 10 common marmosets were immunised with purified, inactivated HCVcc in combination with two different adjuvants: the classically used aluminum hydroxide (Alum) and the recently established adjuvant: CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) wrapped by schizophyllan (K3-SPG).
  
  
  
  The coadministration of HCVcc with K3-SPG efficiently induced immune responses against HCV, as demonstrated by the production of antibodies with specific neutralising activity against chimaeric HCVcc with structural proteins from multiple HCV genotypes (1a, 1b, 2a and 3a). The induction of cellular immunity was also demonstrated by the production of interferon-γ mRNA in spleen cells following stimulation with the HCV core protein. These changes were not observed following immunisation with HCVcc/Alum preparation. No vaccination-related abnormalities were detected in any of the immunised animals.
  
  
  
  The current preclinical study demonstrated that a vaccine included both HCVcc and K3-SPG induced humoural and cellular immunity in marmosets. Vaccination with this combination resulted in the production of antibodies exhibiting cross-neutralising activity against multiple HCV genotypes. Based on these findings, the vaccine created in this study represents a promising, potent and safe prophylactic option against HCV.
authors: Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc, Kanagawa, Japan.|Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Yokokawa
authors: Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.|Laboratory of Infectious Disease Model, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Atsunori
authors: A
authors: Higashino
authors: Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.|Laboratory of Infectious Disease Model, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Saori
authors: S
authors: Suzuki
authors: Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Moriyama
authors: Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Nakamura
authors: Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Tomohiko
authors: T
authors: Suzuki
authors: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Ryosuke
authors: R
authors: Suzuki
authors: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Ishii
authors: Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.|Laboratory of Vaccine Science, World Premier International Research Center, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Kouji
authors: K
authors: Kobiyama
authors: Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.|Laboratory of Vaccine Science, World Premier International Research Center, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Ken J
authors: KJ
authors: Ishii
authors: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Takaji
authors: T
authors: Wakita
authors: Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.|Laboratory of Infectious Disease Model, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Hirofumi
authors: H
authors: Akari
authors: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Takanobu
authors: T
authors: Kato
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood*; D002144:Callithrix; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D018936:Hepatitis C Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D014611:Vaccination; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D018936:Hepatitis C Antigens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: CELLULAR IMMUNITY; HCV; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INFECTIOUS DISEASE