title: Isolated Left Ventricular Apical Hypoplasia: Reporting a Case With Mild Manifestations and Different Echocardiography Features.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia is an unusual type of cardiomyopathy that presents with different clinical manifestations according to the age of the disease, ranging from no symptoms in children to congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, or even malignant tachycardia in adults. To our knowledge, only a few cases of isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia have been reported in Asian adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Herein, we described an adult case of isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia referred to our heart center in Isfahan, Iran in 2015 with a complaint of mild dyspnea with the absence of obvious fatty tissue in the heart's apex and an absence of any shunt, which are common findings in patients with this phenomenon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients faced with isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia should be monitored by echocardiography because of this disease's possible progressive trend to life-threatening consequences.
authors: Islamic Azad university, Najafabad Branch, Isfahan, IR Iran.
authors: Ahmad
authors: A
authors: Mirdamadi
authors: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran.
authors: Samira
authors: S
authors: Ashrafi
keywords: Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Ventricle Hypoplasia