title: The moderating and covarying effects of social support and pain intensity on depressive symptomology among racially and ethnically diverse older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the interplay of social support, pain intensity and ethnicity as moderators and covariates of relationship on depressive symptomatology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Racially and ethnically diverse elders responded to measures of depressive symptomatology and social support.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hispanics reported significantly higher prevalence of moderate pain intensity and depressive symptomology, and lower prevalence of high social support compared with other ethnic groups. Although social support showed reduced depressive symptomatology among those with high pain intensity, it did not play a significant role in decreasing depressive symptomatology among those with low/moderate pain intensity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Social support in decreasing depressive symptomatology is more effective in older adults with high pain intensity than those with moderate or low levels of pain intensity.
authors: Florida Atlantic University School of Social Work, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
authors: Juyoung
authors: J
authors: Park
authors: Florida Atlantic University Christine E Lynn College of Nursing, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Newman
authors: Florida Atlantic University Charles E Schmidt College of Medicine, 777 Glades Rd, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
authors: Gabriella
authors: G
authors: Engstrom
authors: Dalarna University, School of Education, Health & Social Studies, Högskolegatan 2, Sweden.
authors: Lena M
authors: LM
authors: Hammar
authors: Dalarna University, School of Education, Health & Social Studies, Högskolegatan 2, Sweden.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Swall
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D058748:Pain Perception; D012944:Social Support; D044465:White People
keywords: chronic pain; depressive symptomatology; ethnicity; older adults; social support