title: Gingival crevicular fluid tissue/blood vessel-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid levels of tissue/blood vessel-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) in patients with periodontitis, with or without rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with RA and chronic periodontitis (RA-P), 15 systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis (H-P) and 15 periodontally and systemically healthy volunteers (C) were included in the study. Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, gingival crevicular fluid t-PA and PAI-2 levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum C-reactive protein and disease activity score were evaluated at baseline and 3 mo after mechanical nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All periodontal clinical parameters were significantly higher in the RA-P and H-P groups compared with the C group (p < 0.001) and decreased significantly after treatment (p < 0.001). Pretreatment t-PA levels were highest in the RA-P group and significantly decreased post-treatment (p = 0.047). Pre- and post-treatment PAI-2 levels were significantly lower in controls compared with both periodontitis groups (p < 0.05). Gingival crevicular fluid volume and the levels of t-PA and PAI-2 were significantly correlated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with periodontitis and RA, nonsurgical periodontal therapy reduced the pretreatment gingival crevicular fluid t-PA levels, which were significantly correlated with gingival crevicular fluid PAI-2 levels. The significantly higher t-PA and PAI-2 gingival crevicular fluid levels in periodontal patients, regardless of systemic status, suggest that the plasminogen activating system plays a role in the disease process of periodontitis.
authors: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Ş
authors: Ş
authors: Kurgan
authors: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Önder
authors: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Balcı
authors: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
authors: Ö
authors: Ö
authors: Fentoğlu
authors: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Eser
authors: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Balseven
authors: Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acıbadem University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Serdar
authors: Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors: D N
authors: DN
authors: Tatakis
authors: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Günhan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D010512:Periodontal Index; D017396:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2 / Q000032:analysis*; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000032:analysis*; D016745:Root Planing
chemical_list: D017396:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D010960:Plasminogen Activators
keywords: gingival crevicular fluid; periodontitis; plasminogen activator inhibitor-2; rheumatoid arthritis; tissue plasminogen activator