title: Selepressin and Arginine Vasopressin Do Not Display Cardiovascular Risk in Atherosclerotic Rabbit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Septic shock remains associated with significant mortality rates. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and analogs with V1A receptor agonist activity are increasingly used to treat fluid-resistant vasodilatory hypotension, including catecholamine-refractory septic shock. Clinical studies have been restricted to healthy volunteers and catecholamine-refractory septic shock patients excluding subjects with cardiac co-morbidities because of presumed safety issues. The novel selective V1A receptor agonist selepressin, with short half-life, has been designed to avoid V2 receptor-related complications and long-term V1A receptor activation. Cardiovascular safety of selepressin, AVP, and the septic shock standard of care norepinephrine was investigated in a rabbit model of early-stage atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Atherosclerosis was established in New Zealand White rabbits using a 1% cholesterol-containing diet. Selepressin, AVP, or norepinephrine was administered as cumulative intravenous infusion rates to atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic animals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Selepressin and AVP induced a slight dose-dependent increase in arterial pressure (AP) associated with a moderate decrease in heart rate, no change in stroke volume, and a moderate decrease in aortic blood flow (ABF). In contrast, norepinephrine induced a marked dose-dependent increase in AP associated with a lesser decrease in the heart rate, an increase in stroke volume, and a moderate increase in ABF. For all three vasopressors, there was no difference in responses between atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further studies should be considered using more advanced atherosclerosis models, including with septic shock, before considering septic shock clinical trials of patients with comorbidities. Here, selepressin and AVP treatments did not display relevant cardiovascular risk in early-stage rabbit atherosclerosis.
authors: Charles River France, Saint Germain sur l'Arbresle, France.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Boucheix
authors: TransEdEng, Ulm, Germany.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Blakytny
authors: Echographie & Cardiologie, Marseille, France.
authors: Gerard
authors: G
authors: Haroutunian
authors: Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Henriksson
authors: Laporte & Associates LLC - Biotech & Pharma R&D Consultants, San Diego, California, United States of America.
authors: Regent
authors: R
authors: Laporte
authors: Double Strand Consulting, Saint Nizier d'Azergues, France.
authors: Stephane
authors: S
authors: Milano
authors: Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Torsten M
authors: TM
authors: Reinheimer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry*; D062186:Arterial Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001775:Blood Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin