title: In Vitro and In Vivo Models for the Study of Human Polyomavirus Infection.
abstract: Developments of genome amplification techniques have rapidly expanded the family of human polyomaviruses (PyV). Following infection early in life, PyV persist in their hosts and are generally of no clinical consequence. High-level replication of PyV can occur in patients under immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy and causes severe clinical entities, such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, polyomavirus-associated nephropathy or Merkel cell carcinoma. The characterization of known and newly-discovered human PyV, their relationship to human health, and the mechanisms underlying pathogenesis remain to be elucidated. Here, we summarize the most widely-used in vitro and in vivo models to study the PyV-host interaction, pathogenesis and anti-viral drug screening. We discuss the strengths and limitations of the different models and the lessons learned.
authors: Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France. heidi.barth@chru-strasbourg.fr.|Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR-S 1109, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France. heidi.barth@chru-strasbourg.fr.
authors: Heidi
authors: H
authors: Barth
authors: Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France. morgane.solis@chru-strasbourg.fr.|Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR-S 1109, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France. morgane.solis@chru-strasbourg.fr.
authors: Morgane
authors: M
authors: Solis
authors: Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France. wallys.kack-kack@chru-strasbourg.fr.|Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR-S 1109, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France. wallys.kack-kack@chru-strasbourg.fr.
authors: Wallys
authors: W
authors: Kack-Kack
authors: Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR-S 1109, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France. eric.soulier@unistra.fr.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Soulier
authors: Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France. aurelie.velay@chru-strasbourg.fr.|Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR-S 1109, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France. aurelie.velay@chru-strasbourg.fr.
authors: Aurélie
authors: A
authors: Velay
authors: Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France. samira.fafi-kremer@chru-strasbourg.fr.|Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR-S 1109, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France. samira.fafi-kremer@chru-strasbourg.fr.
authors: Samira
authors: S
authors: Fafi-Kremer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011120:Polyomavirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D027601:Polyomavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: animal models; entry; in vitro models; pathogenesis; polyomavirus; tropism