title: Study of 5 Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is tobacco smoke, which generates oxidative stress in airways, resulting in the production of volatile organic compounds (VOC). The purpose of this study was to identify VOCs in exhaled breath and to determine their possible use as disease biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exhaled breath from 100 healthy volunteers, divided into 3groups (never smokers, former smokers and active smokers) and exhaled breath from 57 COPD patients were analyzed. Samples were collected using BioVOC®devices and transferred to universal desorption tubes. Compounds were analyzed by thermal desorption, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. VOCs analyzed were linear aldehydesand carboxylic acids.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The COPD group and healthy controls (never smokers and former smokers) showed statistically significant differences in hexanal concentrations, and never smokers and the COPD group showed statistically significant differences in nonanal concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hexanal discriminates between COPD patients and healthy non-smoking controls. Nonanal discriminates between smokers and former smokers (with and without COPD) and never smokers.
authors: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Central de la Defensa, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares; IMIDEF, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
authors: José Javier
authors: JJ
authors: Jareño-Esteban
authors: Instituto Mixto de Investigación Biosanitaria de la Defensa (IMIDEF), Hospital Central de la Defensa, Madrid, España. Electronic address: mmunozlucas@yahoo.es.
authors: M Ángeles
authors: MÁ
authors: Muñoz-Lucas
authors: Instituto Mixto de Investigación Biosanitaria de la Defensa (IMIDEF), Madrid, España.
authors: Óscar
authors: Ó
authors: Gómez-Martín
authors: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors: Sergio
authors: S
authors: Utrilla-Trigo
authors: Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Central de la Defensa, Madrid, España.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Gutiérrez-Ortega
authors: Dpto. CC Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, España.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Aguilar-Ros
authors: Dpto. de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Collado-Yurrita
authors: Dpto. de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Mixto de Investigación Biosanitaria de la Defensa (IMIDEF), Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
authors: Luis Miguel
authors: LM
authors: Callol-Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers; D001944:Breath Tests; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011422:Propionates / Q000032:analysis; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism*; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D015415:Biomarkers; D005227:Fatty Acids; D011422:Propionates; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; C008664:nonanal; C046204:heptanal; C008776:pelargonic acid; C010463:n-hexanal
keywords: Aire exhalado; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Compuestos orgánicos volátiles; Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica; Estrés oxidativo; Exhaled breath; Oxidative stress; Volatile organic compounds