title: A current overview of materials and strategies for potential use in maxillofacial tissue regeneration.
abstract: Tissue regeneration is rapidly evolving to treat anomalies in the entire human body. The production of biodegradable, customizable scaffolds to achieve this clinical aim is dependent on the interdisciplinary collaboration among clinicians, bioengineers and materials scientists. While bone grafts and varying reconstructive procedures have been traditionally used for maxillofacial defects, the goal of this review is to provide insight on all materials involved in the progressing utilization of the tissue engineering approach to yield successful treatment outcomes for both hard and soft tissues. In vitro and in vivo studies that have demonstrated the restoration of bone and cartilage tissue with different scaffold material types, stem cells and growth factors show promise in regenerative treatment interventions for maxillofacial defects. The repair of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc and mandibular bone were discussed extensively in the report, supported by evidence of regeneration of the same tissue types in different medical capacities. Furthermore, in addition to the thorough explanation of polymeric, ceramic, and composite scaffolds, this review includes the application of biodegradable metallic scaffolds for regeneration of hard tissue. The purpose of compiling all the relevant information in this review is to lay the foundation for future investigation in materials used in scaffold synthesis in the realm of oral and maxillofacial surgery.
authors: Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
authors: Hossein E
authors: HE
authors: Jazayeri
authors: Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
authors: Mohammadreza
authors: M
authors: Tahriri
authors: BCAST, Institute of Materials and Manufacturing, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, London UB8 3PH, UK; Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, London UB8 3PH, UK.
authors: Mehdi
authors: M
authors: Razavi
authors: Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
authors: Kimia
authors: K
authors: Khoshroo
authors: Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
authors: Farahnaz
authors: F
authors: Fahimipour
authors: Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
authors: Erfan
authors: E
authors: Dashtimoghadam
authors: Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Almeida
authors: Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK. Electronic address: lobat.tayebi@marquette.edu.
authors: Lobat
authors: L
authors: Tayebi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005145:Face; D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials
keywords: Materials; Maxillofacial; Scaffold; Tissue regeneration