title: The Effect of Frailty on 30-day Mortality Risk in Older Patients With Acute Heart Failure Attended in the Emergency Department.
abstract: The objective was to determine the effect of frailty on risk of 30-day mortality in nonseverely disabled older patients with acute heart failure (AHF) attended in emergency departments (EDs).
  
  
  
  The Frailty-AHF Study is a retrospective analysis of a multicenter, observational, prospective, cohort study (Older-AHF Register). This study included consecutive patients ≥ 65 years of age without severe functional dependence or dementia attended for AHF in three Spanish EDs for 4 months. Frailty was defined by frailty phenotype as the presence of three or more domains. Baseline and episode characteristics and 30-day mortality were collected in all the patients.
  
  
  
  A total of 465 patients with a mean (±SD) age of 82 (±7) years were included, 283 (61.0%) being female and 225 (51.3%) with severe comorbidity (Charlson index ≥ 3). Frailty was present in 169 (36.3%). The rate of 30-day mortality was 7.3%. Frailty adjusted for potential confounding factors was an independent factor associated with 30-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.0 to 6.0; p = 0.047).
  
  
  
  The presence of frailty is an independent risk factor of 30-day mortality in nonsevere dependent older patients attended with AHF in EDs.
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
authors: Francisco Javier
authors: FJ
authors: Martín-Sánchez
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Rodríguez-Adrada
authors: Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Mueller
authors: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación IiSGM, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors: María Teresa
authors: MT
authors: Vidán
authors: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Nürnberg, Germany.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Christ
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Frank Peacock
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Miguel Alberto
authors: MA
authors: Rizzi
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Aitor
authors: A
authors: Alquezar
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital Reina Sofia, Murcia, Spain.
authors: Pascual
authors: P
authors: Piñera
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital Reina Sofia, Murcia, Spain.
authors: Paula Lázaro
authors: PL
authors: Aragues
authors: Emergency Department, Short Unit Stay and Hospital at Home, Hospital General de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL-Fundación FISABIO), Universidad Miguel Hernández Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
authors: Pere
authors: P
authors: Llorens
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
authors: Pablo
authors: P
authors: Herrero
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Jacob
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Fernández
authors: Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, and Institut de Recerca Biomàdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors: Òscar
authors: Ò
authors: Miró
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors