title: Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Health Behaviors Between Black and Non-Black Students Participating in a School-Based Health Promotion Program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors of black and non-black children participating in Project Healthy Schools (PHS), a school-based wellness program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were surveyed and participated in physiological screenings pre- and post-PHS intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Middle schools in 4 Michigan communities of varying socioeconomic status.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3813 sixth-grade students comprised the survey sample, and 2297 sixth-grade students comprised the screening sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Project Healthy Schools is a school-based intervention designed to reduce the risk of obesity and CVD in children through the promotion of healthy eating and physical activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Physical examination, blood test, and self-reported survey data on dietary habits, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors were collected pre- and post-PHS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paired and independent t tests were used for physiologic variables. Wilcoxon sign-rank and rank-sum tests were used for survey variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, blacks had a higher percentage of overweight/obese students (43% vs 34%; P < .0001) and demonstrated poorer health habits than non-blacks; however, non-blacks had poorer lipid profiles. At follow-up (post-PHS intervention), both groups demonstrated significant improvements in physiological measures and health behaviors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite disparities between the groups at both baseline and follow-up, changes seen post-PHS intervention were beneficial in both groups. These results suggest that early intervention for risk factor modification is possible and may be of great importance in the prevention of CVD, particularly in high-risk groups.
authors: 1 Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Taylor
authors: T
authors: Jamerson
authors: 1 Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Sylvester
authors: 1 Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Qingmei
authors: Q
authors: Jiang
authors: 2 Medtronic, Hartland, MI, USA.
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Corriveau
authors: 3 MHealthy, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Jean
authors: J
authors: DuRussel-Weston
authors: 1 Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Kline-Rogers
authors: 4 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Jackson
authors: 4 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Kim A
authors: KA
authors: Eagle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology*; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology; D050177:Overweight / Q000208:ethnology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012572:School Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids
keywords: cardiovascular risk; child and adolescent health; health status disparity; obesity; race/ethnicity; school health instruction