title: Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use: Do students with mild-intellectual disability mimic students in the general population?
abstract: Education policies encourage inclusion of students with mild-intellectual disability (mild-ID) in community/school life. However, such policies potentially increase exposure to substance use. This article examines tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use among French students enrolled in special units for students with disabilities (ULIS) at mainstream junior high schools compared to those of general population of the equivalent age; and explores factors associated with substance use among ULIS students, known to present mostly mild-ID. In 2014, a questionnaire adapted from the international HBSC/WHO study was administered to 700 ULIS students (mean-age 14.2). Comparative data were gathered from 7023 junior high-school students (mean-age 13.6) in the general population. Among students <14 years-old, tobacco and alcohol use rates were similar between ULIS and general population. For students ≥14, alcohol use remained comparable, while tobacco and cannabis use were higher in general population. Among ULIS students, low perceived health/life satisfaction, divorced/separated parents and high perceived academic demands were associated with tobacco use. Bullying, not liking school very much and attending schools outside a deprived area were associated with alcohol use. Having had sexual intercourse and not perceiving one's health as excellent were associated with cannabis use. Having dated was associated with using all three substances.
authors: Inserm UMR1027-Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
authors: Dibia Liz
authors: DL
authors: Pacoricona Alfaro
authors: Inserm UMR1027-Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
authors: Virginie
authors: V
authors: Ehlinger
authors: Observatoire Français des Drogues et des Toxicomanies (OFDT), Saint Denis, France; Inserm U1178, Paris, France.
authors: Stanislas
authors: S
authors: Spilka
authors: Association pour le développement d'HBSC, Toulouse, France.
authors: Jim
authors: J
authors: Ross
authors: Inserm UMR1027-Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors: Mariane
authors: M
authors: Sentenac
authors: Inserm UMR1027-Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Association pour le développement d'HBSC, Toulouse, France; Service médical du rectorat de Toulouse, France. Electronic address: Emmanuelle.Godeau@ac-toulouse.fr.
authors: Emmanuelle
authors: E
authors: Godeau
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D058445:Bullying / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003142:Communication; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000066608:Underage Drinking / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Adolescents; Alcohol; Cannabis; Inclusive education; Mild intellectual disability; Tobacco