title: Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate and Salicylic Acid Induce Subspecies-Specific Patterns of Glucosinolate Accumulation and Gene Expression in Brassica oleracea L.
abstract: Glucosinolates have anti-carcinogenic properties. In the recent decades, the genetics of glucosinolate biosynthesis has been widely studied, however, the expression of specific genes involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis under exogenous phytohormone treatment has not been explored at the subspecies level inBrassica oleracea. Such data are vital for strategies aimed at selective exploitation of glucosinolate profiles. This study quantified the expression of 38 glucosinolate biosynthesis-related genes in threeB. oleraceasubspecies, namely cabbage, broccoli and kale, and catalogued associations between gene expression and increased contents of individual glucosinolates under methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and salicylic acid (SA) treatments. Glucosinolate accumulation and gene expression in response to phytohormone elicitation was subspecies specific. For instance, cabbage leaves showed enhanced accumulation of the aliphatic glucoiberin, progoitrin, sinigrin and indolic neoglucobrassicin under both MeJA and SA treatment. MeJA treatment induced strikingly higher accumulation of glucobrassicin (GBS) in cabbage and kale and of neoglucobrassicin (NGBS) in broccoli compared to controls. Notably higher expression ofST5a(Bol026200),CYP81F1(Bol028913, Bol028914) andCYP81F4genes was associated with significantly higher GBS accumulation under MeJA treatment compared to controls in all three subspecies.CYP81F4genes, trans-activated byMYB34genes, were expressed at remarkably high levels in all three subspecies under MeJA treatment, which also induced in higher indolic NGBS accumulation in all three subspecies. Remarkably higher expression ofMYB28(Bol036286),ST5b,ST5c,AOP2,FMOGS-OX5(Bol031350) andGSL-OH(Bol033373) was associated with much higher contents of aliphatic glucosinolates in kale leaves compared to the other two subspecies. The genes expressed highly could be utilized in strategies to selectively increase glucosinolate compounds inB. oleraceasubspecies. These results promote efforts to develop genotypes ofB. oleraceaand other species with enhanced levels of desired glucosinolates.
authors: Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si 540-950, Korea. yeege91@hanmail.net.
authors: Go-Eun
authors: GE
authors: Yi
authors: Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si 540-950, Korea. gpb21bau@gmail.com.
authors: Arif Hasan Khan
authors: AH
authors: Robin
authors: Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si 540-950, Korea. ykw7685@naver.com.
authors: Kiwoung
authors: K
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si 540-950, Korea. jipark@sunchon.ac.kr.
authors: Jong-In
authors: JI
authors: Park
authors: R & D Center for Crop Breeding, Asia Seed Ltd., Icheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 467-906, Korea. bhhwang0915@hanmail.net.
authors: Byung Ho
authors: BH
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si 540-950, Korea. nis@sunchon.ac.kr.
authors: Ill-Sup
authors: IS
authors: Nou
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001937:Brassica / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects*; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005961:Glucosinolates; D054883:Oxylipins; C072239:methyl jasmonate; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: Brassica oleracea; biosynthetic genes; expression analysis; glucosinolates; methyl jasmonate; salicylic acid; subspecies