title: Thoracic MRI evaluation of sarcoidosis in children.
abstract: Childhood sarcoidosis is a very rare granulomatous disorder with an unknown etiology. Stage 1 disease is the most common whereas stages 2, 3, and 0 are rare in children.
  
  
  
  To evaluate thoracic findings of pediatric pulmonary sarcoidosis on MRI and to compare them with CT findings.
  
  
  
  Between August 2010 and May 2015, seven consecutive pediatric patients (four male, three female; age range: 8-18 years, mean age: 13.5 ± 3.01 years) who were diagnosed with sarcoidosis were enrolled in our study prospectively. Inclusion criterion was patients with stages 1-4 sarcoidosis who underwent contrast enhanced chest CT for initial diagnosis or follow-up evaluation of thoracic findings and exclusion criteria were patients with stage 0 disease with extra-pulmonary manifestations (n = 4).
  
  
  
  Two patients who recovered from stage 2 to stage 0 were interpreted as normal. Five patients had abnormal findings on chest CT, including hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy (n = 5, 71%), nodules larger than 3 mm (n = 4, 57%), ground glass opacity (n = 4, 57%), thickening of the pleura/fissure (n = 3, 42%), interlobular septal thickening (n = 2, 28%), atelectasis (n = 1, 14%), consolidation (n = 1, 14%), bronchiectasis (n = 1, 14%), intraparenchymal and subpleural cysts (n = 1,14%), fibrotic bands (n = 1, 14%), and enlarged pulmonary artery (n = 1, 14%). Findings that were detected on CT but not observed by lung MRI were nodules <3 mm (n = 4, 57%), mild bronchiectasis and mild ground glass opacity (n = 1, 14%), and subpleural and intraparenchymal cysts (n = 1, 14%). The sensitivity and specificity of MRI were 85.2% and 100%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between lung MRI and CT in detecting the thoracic findings in stages 1, 2, and 4 sarcoidosis (P = 0.1336, 95%Cl).
  
  
  
  Contrast-enhanced lung MRI with fast imaging sequences is a highly sensitive imaging modality and comparable with CT in evaluating both lung and cardiac abnormalities in pediatric sarcoidosis. Given there is no associated ionizing radiation, chest MRI is a promising imaging modality in this pediatric patient population. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:494-499. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: Pediatric Radiology Section, Department of Radiology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Sureyya Burcu
authors: SB
authors: Gorkem
authors: Kayseri Eğitim ve Arastırma Hastanesi, Erkilet Çocuk Hastanesi Pediatri Bölümü, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Seçil
authors: S
authors: Köse
authors: Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Pulmonary Division, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Edward Y
authors: EY
authors: Lee
authors: Pediatric Radiology Section, Department of Radiology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Selim
authors: S
authors: Doğanay
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Ayse Seda
authors: AS
authors: Coskun
authors: Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Mehmet
authors: M
authors: Köse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017565:Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium
keywords: CT; MRI; children; lung; sarcoidosis