title: Sweep frequency impedance measures in young infants: developmental characteristics from birth to 6 months.
abstract: International Journal of Audiology To study the developmental characteristics of sweep frequency impedance (SFI) measures in healthy infants from birth to 6 months.
  
  
  
  All infants were assessed using high-frequency tympanometry (HFT), distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and SFI tests. SFI measures consisted of measurement of resonance frequency (RF) and mobility (ΔSPL) of the outer and middle ear. A mixed model analysis of variance was applied to the SFI data to examine the effect of age on RF and ΔSPL.
  
  
  
  Study included 117 ears from 83 infants of different age groups from birth to 6 months.
  
  
  
  The mean RF of the outer ear increased from 279 Hz at birth to 545 Hz at 4 months, whereas mean ΔSPL of the outer ear decreased from 7.9 dB at birth to 3.7 dB at 4 months of age. In contrast, the mean RF and ΔSPL of the middle ear did not change significantly with age up to 6 months.
  
  
  
  Developmental characteristics should be considered when evaluating the function of the outer and middle ear of young infants (≤6 months) using the SFI. The preliminary normative SFI data established in this study may be used to assist with the evaluation.
authors: a Department of Audiology , Townsville Hospital and Health Service , Douglas , QLD , Australia.|b Hearing Research Unit for Children School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Queensland , Brisbane , QLD , Australia.
authors: Venkatesh
authors: V
authors: Aithal
authors: b Hearing Research Unit for Children School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Queensland , Brisbane , QLD , Australia.
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Kei
authors: b Hearing Research Unit for Children School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Queensland , Brisbane , QLD , Australia.
authors: Carlie
authors: C
authors: Driscoll
authors: c Biomechanical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Kagoshima University , Kagoshima , Japan , and.
authors: Michio
authors: M
authors: Murakoshi
authors: d Department of Intelligent Information System , Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University , Sendai , Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Wada
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000367:Age Factors; D002657:Child Development; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004431:Ear, External / Q000502:physiology*; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006309:Hearing; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009038:Motion; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011312:Pressure; D013016:Sound; D014732:Vibration
keywords: Electrophysiology; instrumentation; middle ear; paediatric; sweep frequency impedance