title: Self-propelling vesicles define glycolysis as the minimal energy machinery for neuronal transport.
abstract: The glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) facilitates fast axonal transport in neurons. However, given that GAPDH does not produce ATP, it is unclear whether glycolysis per se is sufficient to propel vesicles. Although many proteins regulating transport have been identified, the molecular composition of transported vesicles in neurons has yet to be fully elucidated. Here we selectively enrich motile vesicles and perform quantitative proteomic analysis. In addition to the expected molecular motors and vesicular proteins, we find an enrichment of all the glycolytic enzymes. Using biochemical approaches and super-resolution microscopy, we observe that most glycolytic enzymes are selectively associated with vesicles and facilitate transport of vesicles in neurons. Finally, we provide evidence that mouse brain vesicles produce ATP from ADP and glucose, and display movement in a reconstituted in vitro transport assay of native vesicles. We conclude that transport of vesicles along microtubules can be autonomous.
authors: Institut Curie, F-91405 Orsay, France.|CNRS, UMR3306, F-91405 Orsay, France.|Inserm, U1005, F-91405 Orsay, France.|Faculté de Médecine, Univ. Paris Sud11, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
authors: María-Victoria
authors: MV
authors: Hinckelmann
authors: Institut Curie, F-91405 Orsay, France.|CNRS, UMR3306, F-91405 Orsay, France.|Inserm, U1005, F-91405 Orsay, France.|Faculté de Médecine, Univ. Paris Sud11, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.|Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France.|Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors: Amandine
authors: A
authors: Virlogeux
authors: Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Niehage
authors: CNRS, UMR 5297, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33077 Bordeaux, France.
authors: Christel
authors: C
authors: Poujol
authors: CNRS, UMR 5297, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33077 Bordeaux, France.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Choquet
authors: Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors: Bernard
authors: B
authors: Hoflack
authors: Institut Curie, F-91405 Orsay, France.|CNRS, UMR3306, F-91405 Orsay, France.|Inserm, U1005, F-91405 Orsay, France.
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Zala
authors: Institut Curie, F-91405 Orsay, France.|CNRS, UMR3306, F-91405 Orsay, France.|Inserm, U1005, F-91405 Orsay, France.|Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France.|Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France.|CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Saudou
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism; D006019:Glycolysis; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D022161:Transport Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases