title: Click chemistry improved wet adhesion strength of mussel-inspired citrate-based antimicrobial bioadhesives.
abstract: For the first time, a convenient copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC, click chemistry) was successfully introduced into injectable citrate-based mussel-inspired bioadhesives (iCMBAs, iCs) to improve both cohesive and wet adhesive strengths and elongate the degradation time, providing numerous advantages in surgical applications. The major challenge in developing such adhesives was the mutual inhibition effect between the oxidant used for crosslinking catechol groups and the Cu(II) reductant used for CuAAC, which was successfully minimized by adding a biocompatible buffering agent typically used in cell culture, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), as a copper chelating agent. Among the investigated formulations, the highest adhesion strength achieved (223.11 ± 15.94 kPa) was around 13 times higher than that of a commercially available fibrin glue (15.4 ± 2.8 kPa). In addition, dual-crosslinked (i.e. click crosslinking and mussel-inspired crosslinking) iCMBAs still preserved considerable antibacterial and antifungal capabilities that are beneficial for the bioadhesives used as hemostatic adhesives or sealants for wound management.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
authors: Jinshan
authors: J
authors: Guo
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
authors: Gloria B
authors: GB
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
authors: Dingying
authors: D
authors: Shan
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
authors: Jimin P
authors: JP
authors: Kim
authors: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
authors: Jianqing
authors: J
authors: Hu
authors: Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline of Bioengineering, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
authors: Fawzi G
authors: FG
authors: Hamad
authors: Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline of Bioengineering, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, China.
authors: Guoying
authors: G
authors: Qian
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, 17033, USA.
authors: Elias B
authors: EB
authors: Rizk
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. Electronic address: jxy30@psu.edu.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000269:Adhesives / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D057930:Click Chemistry / Q000379:methods; D015195:Drug Design; D008422:Materials Testing; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D019343:Citric Acid
keywords: Antimicrobial; Bioadhesives; Citric acid; Click chemistry; Mussel