title: Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside inhibits NF-kB signalling in intestinal epithelial cells exposed to TNF-α and exerts protective effects via Nrf2 pathway activation.
abstract: Chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders, such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs), are characterized by excessive release of proinflammatory mediators, intestinal barrier dysfunction and excessive activation of NF-kB cascade. Previous studies shown that TNF-α plays a central role in intestinal inflammation of IBDs and supported beneficial effects of flavonoids against chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we employed an in vitro model of acute intestinal inflammation using intestinal Caco-2 cells exposed to TNF-α. The protective effects of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), an anthocyanin widely distributed in mediterranean diet, were then evaluated. Caco-2 cells exposure to TNF-α activated NF-kB proinflammatory pathway and induced IL6 and COX-2 expression. Cells pretreatment for 24h with C3G (20-40μM) prevented TNF-α-induced changes, and improved intracellular redox status. Our results demonstrated that C3G, also without any kind of stimulus, increased the translocation of the transcription factor Nrf2 into the nucleus so activating antioxidant and detoxifying genes. In conclusion, C3G exhibited protective effects through the inhibition of NF-kB signalling in Caco-2 cells and these beneficial effects appear to be due to its ability to activate cellular protective responses modulated by Nrf2. These data suggest that anthocyanins could contribute, as complementary or preventive approaches, to the management of chronic inflammatory diseases.
authors: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy. Electronic address: dani841984@libero.it.
authors: Daniela
authors: D
authors: Ferrari
authors: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy. Electronic address: specialea@unime.it.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Speciale
authors: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy. Electronic address: mcristani@unime.it.
authors: Mariateresa
authors: M
authors: Cristani
authors: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy. Electronic address: dfratantonio2@unl.edu.
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Fratantonio
authors: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy. Electronic address: mmolonia@unime.it.
authors: Maria Sofia
authors: MS
authors: Molonia
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, (CREA - NUT), Rome, Italy. Electronic address: giulia.ranaldi@crea.gov.it.
authors: Giulia
authors: G
authors: Ranaldi
authors: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy. Electronic address: asaija@unime.it.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Saija
authors: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy. Electronic address: fcimino@unime.it.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Cimino
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000819:agonists*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013931:Thromboxanes / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D005960:Glucosides; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D016328:NF-kappa B; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D011453:Prostaglandins; D013931:Thromboxanes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: 12303203); Anthocyanin; Caco-2 cells; Cyanidin; Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID; Inflammatory bowel diseases; NF-kB; Nrf2; Wedelolactone (PubChem CID: 5281813)