title: Elevation of C-reactive protein levels in patients with transfusion-related acute lung injury.
abstract: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is the leading cause of transfusion-related fatalities and is characterized by the onset of acute respiratory distress within six hours following blood transfusion. In most cases, donor antibodies are suggested to be involved, however, the pathogenesis is poorly understood. A two-hit model is generally assumed to underlie TRALI pathogenesis where the first hit consists of a patient predisposing factor such as inflammation and the second hit is due to donor antibodies present in the transfused blood. We recently demonstrated that the acute phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) could enhance murine anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-mediated TRALI. Whether CRP is increased in human TRALI patients which would support its role as a risk factor for human TRALI, is currently unknown. For that purpose, we measured CRP levels in the plasma of human TRALI patients and found CRP levels to be significantly elevated compared to transfused control patients. These data support the notion that CRP may be a novel first hit risk factor in human TRALI and that modulation of CRP levels could be an effective therapeutic strategy for this serious adverse event of transfusion.
authors: Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.|The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.|Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors: Rick
authors: R
authors: Kapur
authors: Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.|The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Kim
authors: Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.|Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.|Department of Internal Medicine, George E. Wahlen Salt Lake City VAMC, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
authors: Matthew T
authors: MT
authors: Rondina
authors: Department of Thrombocyte and Leukocyte Serology, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Leendert
authors: L
authors: Porcelijn
authors: Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.|The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.|Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, ON, Canada.|Department of Pharmacology, Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors: John W
authors: JW
authors: Semple
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000073617:Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: CRP; TRALI; TRALI first hit; TRALI risk factor; human TRALI