title: Psychological Profiles in the Prediction of Leukocyte Telomere Length in Healthy Individuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Shorter telomere length (TL) may signal premature cellular aging and increased risk for disease. While depression and psychosocial stress have been associated with shorter telomeres, other psychological risk factors for cardiovascular disease have received less attention.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between TL and psychological risk factors (symptoms of anxiety and depression, hostility and defensiveness traits) for heart disease, and to examine whether chronological age and sex moderate the associations observed.
  
  
  METHODS
  132 healthy men and women (Mage = 45.34 years) completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory II, The Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale. Relative TL was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of total genomic DNA samples. A series of hierarchical linear regressions were performed controlling for pertinent covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Shorter TL was observed among individuals high in defensiveness (β = -.221) and depressive symptoms (β = -.213), as well as in those with less hostility (β =.256) and anxiety (β =.220)(all Ps<.05). Psychological variables explained 19% of the variance over and above that explained by covariates (age, sex, exercise, alcohol consumption, systemic inflammation, and 24-hr mean arterial pressure). Age moderated the relation between TL and defensiveness (β =.179, p =.03). Sex did not influence any of the relations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Telomere length is associated with psychological burden though the direction of effect differs depending on the psychological variables under study. Further research is needed to determine the reasons for and implications of these seemingly contradictory findings.
authors: Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada.|Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
authors: Louisia
authors: L
authors: Starnino
authors: Research Center, Hematology Division, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
authors: Lambert
authors: L
authors: Busque
authors: Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada.|Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
authors: Jean-Claude
authors: JC
authors: Tardif
authors: Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada.|Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada.|Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
authors: Bianca
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7907-5125
authors: B
authors: D'Antono
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000235:genetics; D003863:Depression / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics*; D059506:Telomere Shortening