title: Occupational Contact Dermatitis in Mechanics and Repairers Referred for Patch Testing: Retrospective Analysis From the North American Contact Dermatitis Group 1998-2014.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Contact dermatoses are common in mechanic and repair occupations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to (1) estimate the prevalence of occupationally related contact dermatitis among mechanics/repairers patch tested from 1998 to 2014 by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group, (2) characterize responsible allergens and irritants, and their sources, and (3) compare results among 3 occupational subgroups (mechanics, electrical/electronic, and other).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional analysis of patients patch tested by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group between 1998 and 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 38,784 patients patch tested, 691 (1.8%) were mechanics/repairers. Male sex (93.5%) and hand involvement (59.5%) were common overall. Occupationally related skin disease was more prevalent among vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics/repairers (52.7%) and other mechanics/repairers (41.4%) than electrical/electronic equipment mechanics/repairers (21.3%). Overall, carba mix, thiuram mix, and methylchloroisothiazolone/methylisothiazolone were the most common occupation-related clinically relevant allergens. Gloves, automotive vehicles, solvents, oils, lubricants, and fuels were the most common sources of responsible allergens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Common occupationally related allergens included rubber accelerators and the preservative methylchloroisothiazolone/methylisothiazolone.
authors: From the *HCMC Parkside Occupational and Contact Dermatitis Clinic and Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center; †Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis; ‡Division of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; §Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco; ∥Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ¶Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, NY; #University of Louisville, KY; **Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH; ††Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic; ‡‡Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, OH; §§Associates in Dermatology, Fort Myers, FL; ∥∥University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles; ¶¶Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; ##Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Canada; ***Ohio State University, Columbus; and †††Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health Science University, Portland.
authors: Erin M
authors: EM
authors: Warshaw
authors: Solveig L
authors: SL
authors: Hagen
authors: Denis
authors: D
authors: Sasseville
authors: Howard I
authors: HI
authors: Maibach
authors: Joel G
authors: JG
authors: DeKoven
authors: Donald V
authors: DV
authors: Belsito
authors: Joseph F
authors: JF
authors: Fowler
authors: Kathryn A
authors: KA
authors: Zug
authors: James S
authors: JS
authors: Taylor
authors: C G Toby
authors: CG
authors: Mathias
authors: Anthony F
authors: AF
authors: Fransway
authors: Vincent A
authors: VA
authors: DeLeo
authors: James G
authors: JG
authors: Marks
authors: Melanie D
authors: MD
authors: Pratt
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Zirwas
authors: Frances J
authors: FJ
authors: Storrs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000453:epidemiology; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D066192:Manufacturing Industry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009656:North America; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010328:Patch Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens