title: Correlation between overactive bladder symptom score and neuropsychological parameters in Alzheimer's disease patients with lower urinary tract symptom.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine an association between the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) and neuropsychological parameters. Moreover, we investigate the factors that affect each item in the questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 376 patients (males: 184; females: 192) with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) were recruited. Cognitive testing was conducted using the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale, Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), and Barthel Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) was assessed using OABSS and voiding diary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) (defined as OABSS ≥3 with na urgency score of ≥2) in patients with AD was 72.6%. Among the OAB subjects, the most common severity of symptom was moderate (72.6%), followed by mild (21.2%), and severe (5.8%). It was found that OABSS had a very high correlation with aging (r=0.75; p<0.001). When compared with neuropsychological parameters, it was found that OABSS was highly correlated with the CDR scores (r=0.446; p<0.001). However, no significant correlation was found between the changes in OABSS scores and those in other neuropsychological parameters. Based on the individual symptom scores, urgency incontinence was highly correlated with the CDR scores (r=0.43; p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OABSS is a useful tool in assessing AD patients with LUTS. There was a consistent positive association between OABSS severity, including urgency incontinence, and CDR scores.
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ha Bum
authors: HB
authors: Jung
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors: Don Kyoung
authors: DK
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors: Seong Ho
authors: SH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sung Tae
authors: ST
authors: Cho
authors: Department of Neurology, Bobath Memorial Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea.
authors: Hae Ri
authors: HR
authors: Na
authors: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Moon Ho
authors: MH
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Neuropsychological Tests; Urinary Bladder