title: Sensitive Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds and Aldehydes in Tattoo Inks.
abstract: As the popularity of body art including tattoo ink has increased, the safety associated with it has become an important interest. In this study, twenty volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and two aldehydes in tattoo inks were identified and quantified. Headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS GC-MS) for the VOCs and HS GC-MS based on derivatization with 2,2,2-trifluoroethylhydrazine (TFEH) for aldehydes was developed. Benzene, chloroform, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, propylbenzene, chlorobenzene, tert-butylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, styrene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 2-chlorotoluene, 4-chlorotoluene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and isopropyl alcohol were detected with the concentration range of 0.02-207,000 mg/kg in 16 different tattoo inks. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were detected with the concentration range of 0.4-308 mg/kg in the same samples. Our analytical results represent solvents used intentionally or non-intentionally in tattoo inks, and thus they may provide important information for national regulation.
authors: Department of Environmental Science, Kongju National University, 56, Kongju Daehak-ro, Kongju, 32588 Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyun-Hee
authors: HH
authors: Lim
authors: Department of Environmental Education, Kongju National University, 56, Kongju Daehak-ro, Kongju, 32588 Republic of Korea hshin@kongju.ac.kr.
authors: Ho-Sang
authors: HS
authors: Shin
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D007281:Ink; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013653:Tattooing; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds