title: The effect of a simple intraprocedural checklist on the task performance of laparoscopic novices.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical checklists are used for error reduction. Checklists are infrequently applied during procedures and have been limited to lists of procedural steps as aid memoires. We aimed to study the effect of a self-administered checklist on the laparoscopic task performance of novices during a standardized task.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty novices were randomized into 2 equal groups, those receiving paper feedback (control group) and those receiving paper feedback and the checklist (checklist group). Subjects performed laparoscopic double knots, repeated over 5 separate stages. Human reliability assessment technique was used for error analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2,341 errors were detected during the 5 stages. During the first stage, the errors were not significantly different between the 2 groups. The checklist group committed significantly fewer errors as compared with the control group during all the later 4 stages (P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The simple intraprocedural checklist significantly improved the laparoscopic task performance and the learning curve of laparoscopic novices.
authors: Cuschieri Skills Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Level 5, Dundee, UK. Electronic address: michael_boghdady@hotmail.com.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: El Boghdady
authors: Cuschieri Skills Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Level 5, Dundee, UK.
authors: Benjie
authors: B
authors: Tang
authors: Cuschieri Skills Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Level 5, Dundee, UK.
authors: Iain
authors: I
authors: Tait
authors: Cuschieri Skills Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Level 5, Dundee, UK.
authors: Afshin
authors: A
authors: Alijani
mesh_terms: D057189:Checklist; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000592:standards*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male
keywords: Checklist; Laparoscopic; Task performance; Training