title: [The Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI) in acquired brain injury: agreement between the scores of patients, relatives and professionals].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of self-reports about symptoms of malfunctioning in daily life derived from functional deficits of a prefrontal origin has become widespread in clinical practice, since they allow incremental ecological validity to be added to other specific tests. Yet it remains to be determined whether self-assessment is sufficient on its own or if the participation of an external evaluator would be preferable.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI) was administered to 115 subjects being treated for a range of brain pathologies. The same test, referring to the patient, was administered to one of the professionals closely following the development of the case and, whenever possible (n = 88), a relative or caregiver. The psychometric goodness of the PSI was explored in the three samples, and the degree of correlation and agreement among the three assessments was estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three assessments showed significant correlation, although the patients reported fewer symptoms than their relatives and caregivers in terms of executive functioning. The assessments of relatives and patients were superposed and showed a high degree of agreement as regards both profile and magnitude.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to the mandatory neuropsychological assessment, we recommend the administration of questionnaires or inventories about symptoms such as the PSI, with proven psychometric robustness, that make it possible to explore the impact of brain dysfunctions in daily functioning. Since many of these dysfunctions are accompanied by different degrees of anosognosia, they should be administered to external observers, relatives or professionals, with the intention of obtaining a more adequate assessment of the magnitude of the functional difficulties.
authors: Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Espana.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Huertas-Hoyas
authors: Madrid Salud. Ayuntamiento de Madrid. Centro de Atencion a Drogodependientes (CAD 4-San Blas), Madrid, Espana.
authors: E J
authors: EJ
authors: Pedrero-Perez
authors: POLIBEA Concierto S.L, Madrid, Espana.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Martinez-Campos
authors: POLIBEA Concierto S.L, Madrid, Espana.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Laselle-Lopez
mesh_terms: D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires