title: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor escape from immune surveillance.
abstract: Tumor progression is known to be supported by chronic inflammatory conditions developed in the tumor microenvironment. It is characterized by the long-term secretion of various inflammatory soluble factors (including cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, prostaglandins, etc.) and strong leukocyte infiltration. Among leukocytes infiltrating tumors, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent one of the most important players mediating immunosuppression and supporting tumor escape. These cells can strongly inhibit antitumor immune reactions mediated by T cells and NK cells. Moreover, MDSCs are generated, recruited to the tumor site, and activated not only under the influence of soluble inflammatory mediators but also due to extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by tumor cells. EVs play a key role in the formation of MDSCs via the conversion of normal myeloid cells and altering the normal myelopoiesis. In addition, EVs help create a suitable microenvironment for the metastatic process.
authors: Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. v.umansky@dkfz.de.|Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. v.umansky@dkfz.de.
authors: Viktor
authors: V
authors: Umansky
authors: Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.|Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
authors: Carolin
authors: C
authors: Blattner
authors: Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.|Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
authors: Viktor
authors: V
authors: Fleming
authors: Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.|Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
authors: Xiaoying
authors: X
authors: Hu
authors: Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.|Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
authors: Christoffer
authors: C
authors: Gebhardt
authors: Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.|Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Altevogt
authors: Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.|Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
authors: Jochen
authors: J
authors: Utikal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance / Q000276:immunology*; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D000072737:Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000276:immunology*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Cancer; Chronic inflammatory factors; Extracellular microvesicles; Immunosuppression; Myeloid-derived suppressor cells; Tumor microenvironment