title: Discriminating Brazilian crude oils using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and multiway principal component analysis.
abstract: The geochemical characterization of petroleum is an essential task to develop new strategies and technologies when analyzing the commercial potential of crude oils for exploitation. Due to the chemical complexity of these samples, the use of modern analytical techniques along with multivariate exploratory data analysis approaches is an interesting strategy to extract relevant geochemical characteristics about the oils. In this work, important geochemical information obtained from crude oils from different production basins were obtained analyzing the maltene fraction of the oils by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC×GC-QMS), and performing multiway principal component analysis (MPCA) of the chromatographic data. The results showed that four MPC explained 93.57% of the data variance, expressing mainly the differences on the profiles of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction of the oils (C13-C18and C19-C30n-alkanes and the pristane/phytane ratio). The MPC1 grouped the samples severely biodegraded oils, while the type of the depositional paleoenvironments of the oils and its oxidation conditions (as well as their thermal maturity) could be inferred analysing others relevant MPC. Additionally, considerations about the source of the oil samples was also possible based on the overall distribution of relevant biomarkers such as the phenanthrene derivatives, tri-, tetra- and pentacyclic terpanes.
authors: Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, 13084-971, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Paloma S
authors: PS
authors: Prata
authors: Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, 13084-971, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Guilherme L
authors: GL
authors: Alexandrino
authors: 092, Guaranda, Bolivar, Ecuador.
authors: Noroska Gabriela S
authors: NG
authors: Mogollón
authors: Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, 13084-971, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: augusto@iqm.unicamp.br.
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Augusto
mesh_terms: D000473:Alkanes / Q000032:analysis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001938:Brazil; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000032:analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D004224:Diterpenes; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D010578:Petroleum; D010616:Phenanthrenes; C008906:phytane
keywords: Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Multiway PCA; Petroleomics