title: Decision-making impairments following insular and medial temporal lobe resection for drug-resistant epilepsy.
abstract: Besides the prefrontal cortex, the insula and medial structures of the temporal lobe are thought to be involved in risky decision-making. However, their respective contributions to decision processes remain unclear due to the lack of studies involving patients with isolated insular damage. We assessed adult patients who underwent resection of the insula (n = 13) or of the anterior temporal lobe (including medial structures) (n = 13) as part of their epilepsy surgery, and a group of healthy volunteers (n = 20), on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and on the Cups Task. Groups were matched on sociodemographic, estimated-IQ and surgery-related factors. On the IGT, patients with temporal lobe resection performed significantly worse than both the insular and healthy control groups, as they failed to learn which decks were advantageous on the long-term. On the Cups Task, the insular and temporal groups both showed impaired sensitivity to expected value in the loss domain, when compared with healthy controls. These findings provide clinical evidence that the insula and mesiotemporal structures are specifically involved in risky decision-making when facing a potential loss, and that temporal structures are also involved in learning the association between behavior and consequences in the long-term.
authors: Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Zorina
authors: Z
authors: Von Siebenthal
authors: Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Boucher
authors: Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.|Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Rouleau
authors: Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Maryse
authors: M
authors: Lassonde
authors: Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Lepore
authors: Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Dang K
authors: DK
authors: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology*; D000069279:Drug Resistant Epilepsy / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: amygdala; decision-making; epilepsy; gambling; insula; neuropsychology; temporal lobe