title: Wireless inertial measurement of head kinematics in freely-moving rats.
abstract: While miniature inertial sensors offer a promising means for precisely detecting, quantifying and classifying animal behaviors, versatile inertial sensing devices adapted for small, freely-moving laboratory animals are still lacking. We developed a standalone and cost-effective platform for performing high-rate wireless inertial measurements of head movements in rats. Our system is designed to enable real-time bidirectional communication between the headborne inertial sensing device and third party systems, which can be used for precise data timestamping and low-latency motion-triggered applications. We illustrate the usefulness of our system in diverse experimental situations. We show that our system can be used for precisely quantifying motor responses evoked by external stimuli, for characterizing head kinematics during normal behavior and for monitoring head posture under normal and pathological conditions obtained using unilateral vestibular lesions. We also introduce and validate a novel method for automatically quantifying behavioral freezing during Pavlovian fear conditioning experiments, which offers superior performance in terms of precision, temporal resolution and efficiency. Thus, this system precisely acquires movement information in freely-moving animals, and can enable objective and quantitative behavioral scoring methods in a wide variety of experimental situations.
authors: Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U901, Marseille, France.
authors: Matthieu O
authors: MO
authors: Pasquet
authors: École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8197, Inserm, U1024, Paris, France.
authors: Matthieu
authors: M
authors: Tihy
authors: École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8197, Inserm, U1024, Paris, France.
authors: Aurélie
authors: A
authors: Gourgeon
authors: Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (CPN), Inserm, U894, Paris, France.|Collège de France, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR7241, Inserm, U1050, Paris, France.
authors: Marco N
authors: MN
authors: Pompili
authors: Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (CPN), Inserm, U894, Paris, France.
authors: Bill P
authors: BP
authors: Godsil
authors: École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8197, Inserm, U1024, Paris, France.
authors: Clément
authors: C
authors: Léna
authors: École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8197, Inserm, U1024, Paris, France.
authors: Guillaume P
authors: GP
authors: Dugué
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry / Q000295:instrumentation; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology; D019416:Head Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D059015:Wireless Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*