title: Malnutrition and Nutritional Support in Alcoholic Liver Disease: a Review.
abstract: Malnutrition is associated with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and related complications such as hepatic encephalopathy and increased rate of infections. Avoidance of prolonged fasting and overly restrictive diets is important to avoid poor nutrition. Adequate intake of calories, protein, and micronutrients via frequent small meals and evening supplements and/or enteral and parenteral nutrition when indicated has been associated with reduced mortality and morbidity in patients with ALD. Modification of protein/fat sources and composition in addition to probiotic supplementation are promising interventions for decreased progression of ALD and its complications.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis Medical Center, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Chao
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Sao Paolo Medical School, Sao Paolo, Brazil.
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Waitzberg
authors: Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
authors: Rosangela Passos
authors: RP
authors: de Jesus
authors: Department of Biology, Institute of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK.
authors: Allain A
authors: AA
authors: Bueno
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors: Victor
authors: V
authors: Kha
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors: Karen
authors: K
authors: Allen
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Kappus
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis Medical Center, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. vmedici@ucdavis.edu.
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Medici
mesh_terms: D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D018529:Nutritional Support / Q000379:methods*; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition
keywords: Alcoholic liver disease; Diet; Enteral nutrition; Nutrition; Parenteral nutrition