title: Characterization of allograft inflammatory factor-1 in Hyriopsis cumingii and its expression in response to immune challenge and pearl sac formation.
abstract: The allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is one of the key factors associated with inflammatory response and immune defense. In the present study, we report the identification and characterization of AIF-1 from triangle sail mussel Hyriopsis cumingii (HcAIF-1). The full-length cDNA of HcAIF-1 consisted of a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 80 bp, a 3'-UTR of 420 bp with a poly (A) tail, and an open reading frame of 444 bp encoding a polypeptide of 147 amino acids with two conserved EF-hand Ca2+-binding motifs. HcAIF-1 mRNA and protein were expressed in all examined tissues and showed higher mRNA expression levels were observed in immune tissues, especially hemocytes and mantle, and the highest protein expression level was in mantle. The expression level of HcAIF-1 mRNA was significantly upregulated in hemocytes 12-48 h after lipopolysaccharide challenge. After mantle tissue implantation, the expression level of this gene in pearl sac decreased significantly at 3-48 h (P < 0.01), and then was significantly upregulated at 96 h (P < 0.05) and recovered to the control level at 21-28 d. There was significant increase HcAIF-1 transcript abundance in hemocytes 96 h (P < 0.05) after mantle tissue implantation. The phagocytosis rate was significantly enhanced in hemocytes 3-24 h (P < 0.01) after the injection of recombinant HcAIF-1 protein. These findings suggest that HcAIF-1 is important in the underlying mechanism of the innate immune responses and pearl sac formation of H. cumingii.
authors: Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors: Qingqing
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors: Zhiyi
authors: Z
authors: Bai
authors: Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors: Liting
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China. Electronic address: jlli@shou.edu.cn.
authors: Jiale
authors: J
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D049876:Unionidae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
keywords: Allograft inflammatory factor-1; Hyriopsis cumingii; Immune challenge; Mantle tissue implantation; Phagocytosis