title: Curcumin Shows Antiviral Properties against Norovirus.
abstract: Phytochemicals provide environmentally friendly and relatively inexpensive natural products, which could potentially benefit public health by controlling human norovirus (HuNoV) infection. In this study, 18 different phytochemicals were evaluated for antiviral effects against norovirus using murine norovirus (MNV) as a model for norovirus biology. Among these phytochemicals, curcumin (CCM) was the most potent anti-noroviral phytochemical, followed by resveratrol (RVT). In a cell culture infection model, exposure to CCM or RVT for 3 days reduced infectivity of norovirus by 91% and 80%, respectively. To confirm the antiviral capability of CCM, we further evaluated its antiviral efficacy at various doses (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 2 mg/mL) and durations (short-term: 10, 30, 60, and 120 min; long-term: 1, 3, 7, and 14 days). The anti-noroviral effect of CCM was verified to occur in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of each phytochemical on the replication of HuNoV using a HuNoV replicon-bearing cell line (HG23). Neither CCM nor RVT had a strong inhibitory effect on HuNoV replication, which suggests that their antiviral mechanism may involve viral entry or other life cycle stages rather than the replication of viral RNA. Our results demonstrated that CCM may be a promising candidate for development as an anti-noroviral agent to prevent outbreaks of foodborne illness.
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. yangmj@snu.ac.kr.
authors: Minji
authors: M
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. meddugi1027@snu.ac.kr.
authors: GilJae
authors: G
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. jane.jy.si@gmail.com.
authors: Jiyeon
authors: J
authors: Si
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Department of Food Biosciences and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. junelee@korea.ac.kr.
authors: Sung-Joon
authors: SJ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. happyrush@empas.com.|Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. happyrush@empas.com.
authors: Hyun Ju
authors: HJ
authors: You
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. gko@snu.ac.kr.|N-Bio, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. gko@snu.ac.kr.
authors: GwangPyo
authors: G
authors: Ko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002460:Cell Line; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D029322:Norovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D013267:Stilbenes; D003474:Curcumin; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: curcumin; norovirus; phytochemical