title: Sorafenib Combined with Radio-frequency Ablation Compared with Sorafenib Alone in Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Invading Portal Vein: A Western Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: To compare in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) 3-year survival of cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accompanied by portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) treated with sorafenib plus percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of both intraparenchymal HCC and PVTT (combination Group) or sorafenib alone (sorafenib-alone Group).
  
  
  
  Ninety-nine consecutive Child A cirrhotics were randomized to receive RFA of both HCC and main portal vein tumor thrombus (MPVTT) plus sorafenib (n=49) or sorafenib alone (n=50).
  
  
  
  One-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 60%, 35% and 26%, respectively, in the combination group and 37% and 0 % at 1- and 2-year, respectively, in the sorafenib alone group. At multivariate analysis, the combination of RFA of both HCC and MPVTT was the only factor predicting survival.
  
  
  
  Use of RFA of both HCC and MPVTT plus sorafenib significantly increases 3-year survival compared to sorafenib alone.
authors: Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Tortorella Clinical Institute, Salerno, Italy agiorgio28@gmail.com.|Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Athena Cinical Institute, Caserta, Italy.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Giorgio
authors: Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Athena Cinical Institute, Caserta, Italy.
authors: Maria Gabriella
authors: MG
authors: Merola
authors: Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Tortorella Clinical Institute, Salerno, Italy.
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Montesarchio
authors: Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Athena Cinical Institute, Caserta, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Merola
authors: Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Athena Cinical Institute, Caserta, Italy.
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Santoro
authors: Hepatology Unit, Gragnano Hospital, Gragnano, Naples, Italy.
authors: Carmine
authors: C
authors: Coppola
authors: Internal Medicine Unit, Ostuni Hospital, Brindisi, Italy.
authors: Pietro
authors: P
authors: Gatti
authors: Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Tortorella Clinical Institute, Salerno, Italy.
authors: Ferdinando
authors: F
authors: Amendola
authors: Interventional Ultrasound Unit, D. Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: DI Sarno
authors: Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Tortorella Clinical Institute, Salerno, Italy.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Calvanese
authors: Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, Campus Biomedico University, Rome, Italy.
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Matteucci
authors: Pediatric Department, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy.
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Giorgio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000473:pathology*; D000077157:Sorafenib
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib
keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; liver cirrhosis; portal vein tumor thrombus; radiofrequency ablation; sorafenib