title: Association Between Ocular Dominance and Anisometropic Hyperopia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anisometropia, a relative difference in the refractive state of the two eyes, is common in hyperopic patients. We investigated the association between ocular dominance (sighting dominance) and refractive asymmetry in patients with hyperopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included 223 hyperopic patients with a mean age of 10.1 ± 3.6 years (range 3 to 21 years). Refractive error was measured with cycloplegic refraction, and axial length was measured with IOLMaster®(Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA). Ocular dominance was assessed with the hole-in-the-card test. The amount of hyperopic anisometropia was subdivided into four groups: less than 0.50 D, 0.50-0.99 D, 1.00-1.99 D, and 2.00 D or greater.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ocular dominance of the right and left eye was seen in 66% and 34% of the patients, respectively. The nondominant eye had higher hyperopia, astigmatism, and shorter axial length than the dominant eye (P < 0.001). In the group with spherical equivalent anisometropia of ≥0.50 D in particular, the nondominant eye was significantly more hyperopic and had shorter axial length than the dominant eye (both P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study revealed that the nondominant eye had a greater hyperopic refractive error and shorter axial length than the dominant eye, in patients who had a high degree of anisometropia in particular.
authors: From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan; Pink417dj@yahoo.co.jp.
authors: Rie
authors: R
authors: Hoshikawa
authors: Department of Rehabilitation, Orthoptics and Visual Science Course, School of Allied Health Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Misae
authors: M
authors: Ito
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Ebina Medical Plaza, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Yano
authors: Sato Eye and Internal Medicine Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors: Kenta
authors: K
authors: Tsutsui
authors: Sato Eye and Internal Medicine Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors: Tomoki
authors: T
authors: Sato
authors: From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Kimiya
authors: K
authors: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015858:Anisometropia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D058452:Axial Length, Eye; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D023882:Dominance, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: anisometropia; hyperopia; ocular dominance