title: Baicalein Promotes Angiogenesis and Odontoblastic Differentiation via the BMP and Wnt Pathways in Human Dental Pulp Cells.
abstract: Baicalein is an active flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis that has anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties; its effects on osteoblastic and angiogenic potential are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of baicalein on odontoblastic differentiation and angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). Baicalein (1-10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M) had no cytotoxic effects and promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization assayed by Alizarin Red-S staining, and the mRNA expression of marker genes, in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, baicalein upregulated angiogenic factors and increased in vitro capillary-like tube formation. Moreover, baicalein upregulated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 mRNA and phosphorylation of Smad 1/5/8 and Wnt ligand mRNA, glycogen synthase kinase-3, and nuclear [Formula: see text]-catenin. The odontogenic and angiogenic effects of baicalein were abolished by the BMP antagonist noggin and the Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin receptor antagonist DKK-1. These results demonstrate that baicalein promoted odontoblastic differentiation and angiogenesis of HDPCs by activating the BMP and Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin signal pathways. Our findings suggest that baicalein may contribute to dental pulp repair and regenerative endodontics.
authors: * Department of Dental Hygiene, School of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sang-Im
authors: SI
authors: Lee
authors: † Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sun-Young
authors: SY
authors: Kim
authors: ‡ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kyung-Ran
authors: KR
authors: Park
authors: ‡ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Eun-Cheol
authors: EC
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D044950:Flavanones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D031364:Scutellaria baicalensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D044950:Flavanones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C499814:Scutellaria baicalensis extract; D051176:beta Catenin; C006680:baicalein; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Angiogenesis; BMP Pathway; Baicalein; Differentiation; Human Dental Pulp Cells; Wnt Pathway