title: Coenzyme Q10 Ameliorates Trimethyltin Chloride Neurotoxicity in Experimental Model of Injury in Dentate Gyrus of Hippocampus: A Histopathological and Behavioral Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coenzyme Q10 has antioxidative and free radical scavenging effects. CoQ10 supplementation is known to have neuroprotective effects in some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate both histopathologic and behavioral whether Coenzyme Q10 is protective against trimethyltin chloride (TMT) induced hippocampal damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an experimental study. Thirty-six Balb/c mice were divided into four groups, as follows: 1) control group; 2) sham group of mice that received a 100 µL intraperitoneal injection (IP) of sesame oil; 3) TMT group of mice that received a single 2.5 mg/kg/day IP injection of TMT; and 4) TMT + CoQ10 group of mice that received a 10 mg/kg IP injection of CoQ10. Body weight and Morris water maze (MWM) responses were investigated. In addition, the dentate gyrus neurons of the hippocampus were evaluated histopathologically by light and electron microscopes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study revealed that the body weight scale was found to be significantly higher in the CoQ10 group (21.39 ± 2.70), compared to the TMT group (19.39 ± 2.74) (P < 0.05). In the TMT group, the animals showed body a weight loss that was significantly lower than that of the control group (22.33 ± 3.06) (P < 0.05). Our results showed that CoQ10 provided protection against MWM deficits. Furthermore, TMT impaired the ability of mice to locate the hidden platform, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Microscopic studies showed that TMT caused histopathological changes in the dentate gyrus and increased the number of necrotic neurons (476 ± 78.51), compared to the control group (208 ± 40.84) (P < 0.001). But, CoQ10 significantly attenuated (31 9 ± 60.08) the density of necrotic neurons compared to TMT (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study indicate that Coenzyme Q10 diminished neuronal necrosis and improved learning memory. Part of its beneficial effect is due to its potential to discount oxidative stress.
authors: Department of Anatomical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Mohammad Hassan
authors: MH
authors: Sakhaie
authors: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Mansoureh
authors: M
authors: Soleimani
authors: Department of Anatomical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Vahid
authors: V
authors: Pirhajati
authors: Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Soleimani Asl
authors: Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Zahra
authors: Z
authors: Madjd
authors: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Mehdi
authors: M
authors: Mehdizadeh
keywords: CoQ10; Dentate Gyrus; Learning and Memory; Trimethyltin Chloride