title: Comparison of Antibiotic-Coated versus Uncoated Porcine Dermal Matrix.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial performance of a rifampin/minocycline-coated, non-cross-linked, acellular porcine dermal matrix (XenMatrix AB) compared to an uncoated, non-cross-linked, acellular porcine dermal matrix (Strattice) after implantation/inoculation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli in a dorsal rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty male New Zealand White rabbits were bilaterally implanted with XenMatrix AB or Strattice grafts and inoculated with clinically isolated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (5 × 10 colony-forming units/ml) or E. coli (1 × 10 colony-forming units/ml). At 2 and 8 weeks, sites were analyzed for viable methicillin-resistant S. aureus/E. coli colony-forming units, abscess formation, and histologic response (n = 5 rabbits per group per bacterium per time point).
  
  
  RESULTS
  XenMatrix AB completely inhibited bacterial colonization of the graft, inhibited abscess formation, reduced inflammation and encapsulation, and improved neovascularization compared with Strattice. XenMatrix AB implants exhibited significantly fewer colony-forming units compared with Strattice implants at 2 weeks (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) (p < 0.01) and at 2 and 8 weeks (E. coli) (p < 0.05). In addition, XenMatrix AB implants demonstrated a significantly lower abscess score at 2 weeks (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) and 8 weeks (E. coli) (p < 0.01 in both cases). For both types of bacteria and both time points evaluated, XenMatrix AB implants exhibited minimal inflammation and encapsulation and a lack of neutrophils. In contrast, Strattice implants displayed marked inflammatory and neutrophilic responses and moderate encapsulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated the antimicrobial performance of a rifampin/minocycline-coated bioprosthetic (XenMatrix AB) in a rabbit inoculation model. XenMatrix AB completely inhibited bacterial colonization of the graft, with minimal host inflammation and encapsulation, and improved neovascularization compared with Strattice.
authors: New York, N.Y.; and Providence and Warwick, R.I.|From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College; the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology & Biotechnology, Brown University; and C. R. Bard, Inc. (Davol).
authors: Leslie E
authors: LE
authors: Cohen
authors: New York, N.Y.; and Providence and Warwick, R.I.|From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College; the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology & Biotechnology, Brown University; and C. R. Bard, Inc. (Davol).
authors: Thomas A
authors: TA
authors: Imahiyerobo
authors: New York, N.Y.; and Providence and Warwick, R.I.|From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College; the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology & Biotechnology, Brown University; and C. R. Bard, Inc. (Davol).
authors: Jeffrey R
authors: JR
authors: Scott
authors: New York, N.Y.; and Providence and Warwick, R.I.|From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College; the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology & Biotechnology, Brown University; and C. R. Bard, Inc. (Davol).
authors: Jason A
authors: JA
authors: Spector
mesh_terms: D062088:Acellular Dermis; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D008911:Minocycline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013552:Swine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008911:Minocycline; D012293:Rifampin