title: Detection of genotoxic effects of drinking water disinfection by-products using Vicia faba bioassay.
abstract: Plant-based bioassays have gained wide use among the toxicological and/or ecotoxicological assessment procedures because of their simplicity, sensitivity, low cost, and reliability. The present study describes the use of Vicia faba (V. faba) micronucleus (MN) test and V. faba comet assay in the evaluation of the genotoxic potential of disinfection by-products (DBPs) commonly found in chlorine-disinfected drinking water. Five haloacetic acids and three halogenated acetonitriles were chosen as representatives of DBPs in this study because they are of potentially great public health risk. Results of the MN test indicated that monochloroacetic acid (MCA), monobromoacetic acid (MBA), dichloroacetic acid (DCA), dibromoacetic acid (DBA), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN) caused a statistically significant increase in MN frequency in V. faba root tip cells. However, no genotoxic response was observed for dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) and dibromoacetonitrile (DBAN). Results of the comet assay showed that all tested DBPs induced a statistically significant increase in genomic DNA damage to V. faba root tip cells. On considering the capacity to detect genomic damage of a different nature, we suggest that a combination of V. faba MN test and V. faba comet assay is a useful tool for the detection of genotoxic effects of DBPs. It is worthy of assessing the feasibility of using V. faba comet assay combined with V. faba MN test to screen for the genotoxic activity of chlorinated drinking water in future work.
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Hu
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Occupational Medicine of Jiangxi, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Tan
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shao-Hui
authors: SH
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yu-Ting
authors: YT
authors: Zuo
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Han
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Na
authors: N
authors: Liu
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Wen-Qing
authors: WQ
authors: Lu
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China. liuailin@hust.edu.cn.
authors: Ai-Lin
authors: AL
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000633:toxicity; D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000633:toxicity; D001681:Biological Assay; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000633:toxicity; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D060766:Drinking Water; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D031307:Vicia faba / Q000187:drug effects*; D014866:Waste Products; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000097:Acetonitriles; D004202:Disinfectants; D060766:Drinking Water; D009153:Mutagens; D014866:Waste Products; C006972:chloroacetic acid; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid; C029549:trichloroacetonitrile; C088674:dibromoacetic acid; C051716:dichloroacetonitrile; C051715:dibromoacetonitrile
keywords: Comet assay; Genotoxicity; Haloacetic acids (HAAs); Halogenated acetonitriles (HANs); Micronucleus test; Plant-based biotest