title: Portuguese Version of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory: A Multicenter Validation Study.
abstract: We aimed to perform the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory (PBPI) for the European Portuguese language and chronic pain population.
  
  
  
  This is a longitudinal multicenter validation study. A Portuguese version of the PBPI (PBPI-P) was created through a process of translation, back translation, and expert panel evaluation. The PBPI-P was administered to a total of 122 patients from 13 chronic pain clinics in Portugal, at baseline and after 7 days. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed by Cronbach's alpha (α) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct (convergent and discriminant) validity was assessed based on a set of previously developed theoretical hypotheses about interrelations between the PBPI-P and other measures. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to test the theoretical structure of the PBPI-P.
  
  
  
  The internal consistency and test-retest reliability coefficients for each respective subscale were α = 0.620 and ICC = 0.801 for mystery; α = 0.744 and ICC = 0.841 for permanence; α = 0.778 and ICC = 0.791 for constancy; and α = 0.764 and ICC = 0.881 for self-blame. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure (performance, constancy, self-blame, and mystery) that explained 63% of the variance. The construct validity of the PBPI-P was shown to be adequate, with more than 90% of the previously defined hypotheses regarding interrelations with other measures confirmed.
  
  
  
  The PBPI-P has been shown to be adequate and to have excellent reliability, internal consistency, and validity. It may contribute to a better pain assessment and is suitable for research and clinical use.
authors: Department of Health Information and Decision Sciences (CIDES), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|CINTESIS - Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|National Observatory of Pain - NOPain (OBSERVDOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Luís Filipe
authors: LF
authors: Azevedo
authors: Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Rute
authors: R
authors: Sampaio
authors: Department of Health Information and Decision Sciences (CIDES), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|CINTESIS - Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Cláudia
authors: C
authors: Camila Dias
authors: Pain Medicine Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Porto Hospital Center (Centro Hospitalar do porto, EPE), Porto, Portugal.
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Romão
authors: Multidisciplinary Chronic Pain Management Unit and Department of Anesthesiology, Senhora da Oliveira Hospital, Guimaraes (Centro Hospitalar Alto Ave EPE - Guimaraes), Guimaraes, Portugal.
authors: Laurinda
authors: L
authors: Lemos
authors: Pain Medicine Unit, Pedro Hispano Hospital (Unidade Local de Saśde de Matosinhos EPE), Matosinhos, Portugal.
authors: Luís
authors: L
authors: Agualusa
authors: Pain Medicine Unit, General Hospital, Coimbra University Hospital Centre (Centro Hospitalar e Universitįrio de Coimbra EPE), Coimbra, Portugal.
authors: Sílvia
authors: S
authors: Vaz-Serra
authors: Pain Medicine Unit, Santo António dos Capuchos Hospital - Lisboa Central Hospital Centre (Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central, EPE), Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Patto
authors: Department of Health Information and Decision Sciences (CIDES), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|CINTESIS - Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|National Observatory of Pain - NOPain (OBSERVDOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Altamiro
authors: A
authors: Costa-Pereira
authors: National Observatory of Pain - NOPain (OBSERVDOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors: José Manuel
authors: JM
authors: Castro-Lopes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D058748:Pain Perception / Q000502:physiology; D011174:Portugal / Q000453:epidemiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations
keywords: chronic pain; factor analysis; pain beliefs and perceptions inventory; reliability; validity