title: Plasma levels and diagnostic utility of VEGF, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the diagnostics of breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated plasma levels and diagnostic utility of vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in comparison to cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3).
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma levels of tested parameters were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while CA 15-3 with chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma levels of VEGF, TIMP-2 showed significantly higher than CA 15-3 values of the diagnostic sensitivity, the predictive values of positive and negative test results (PPV, NPV) and the area under the receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC) in early stages of breast cancer (BC). The combined use of the tested parameters with CA 15-3 resulted in the increase in sensitivity, NPV and AUC, especially in the combination with VEGF (83%; 72%; 0.888) and TIMP-2 (83%; 72%; 0.894). The highest values were obtained for combination of all three parameters (93%; 85%; 0.923).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest the usefulness of the tested parameters in the diagnosis of BC, especially VEGF and TIMP-2 with CA 15-3 in early stages of BC, which could be a new diagnostic panel.
authors: a Department of Biochemical Diagnostics , Medical University , Bialystok , Poland.
authors: Sławomir
authors: S
authors: Ławicki
authors: a Department of Biochemical Diagnostics , Medical University , Bialystok , Poland.
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Zajkowska
authors: b Department of Esthetic Medicine , Medical University , Bialystok , Poland.
authors: Edyta Katarzyna
authors: EK
authors: Głażewska
authors: c Department of Hematological Diagnostics , Medical University , Bialystok , Poland.
authors: Grażyna Ewa
authors: GE
authors: Będkowska
authors: a Department of Biochemical Diagnostics , Medical University , Bialystok , Poland.
authors: Maciej
authors: M
authors: Szmitkowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood*; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000097:blood; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000097:blood*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018396:Mucin-1; C560823:TIMP2 protein, human; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
keywords: Breast cancer; early diagnosis; new diagnostic panel; tumor markers