title: Lipid perturbation by membrane proteins and the lipophobic effect.
abstract: Understanding how membrane proteins interact with their environment is fundamental to the understanding of their structure, function and interactions. We have performed coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations on a series of membrane proteins in a membrane environment to examine the perturbations of the lipids by the presence of protein. We analyze these perturbations in terms of elastic membrane deformations and local lipid protein interactions. However these two factors are insufficient to describe the variety of effects that we observe and the changes caused by membranes proteins to the structure and dynamics of their lipid environment. Other factors that change the conformation available to lipid molecules are evident and are able to modify lipid structure far from the protein surface, and thus mediate long-range interactions between membrane proteins. We suggest that these multiple modifications to lipid behavior are responsible, at the molecular level, for the lipophobic effect we have proposed to account for our observations of membrane protein organization.
authors: Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Macromoléculaires, UMR 7255, CNRS and Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille 13402 cedex 20, France. Electronic address: duneau@imm.cnrs.fr.
authors: Jean-Pierre
authors: JP
authors: Duneau
authors: Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Macromoléculaires, UMR 7255, CNRS and Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille 13402 cedex 20, France.
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Khao
authors: Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Macromoléculaires, UMR 7255, CNRS and Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille 13402 cedex 20, France. Electronic address: james.sturgis@univ-amu.fr.
authors: James N
authors: JN
authors: Sturgis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry*; D004548:Elasticity; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000737:chemistry*; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; C057561:1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine; C060037:1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylglycero-3-phosphoglycerol
keywords: Biological membranes; Lipid structure; Molecular dynamics simulation; Protein-lipid interactions