title: A retrospective study of osteomyelitis and osteonecrosis of the jaws and its etiologic implication of bisphosphonate in Asians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study were to find the annual case trend of inflammatory jawbone diseases and to investigate the impact of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 372 patients diagnosed with inflammatory jawbone condition except for alveolar osteitis from 2007 to 2015 was initiated. History taking and investigation of etiologic factors MRONJ, osteoradionecrosis (ORN), odontogenic infection, foreign body, and trauma were investigated. A separate analysis showed the number of MRONJ cases in two age groups (under 70 years; 70 years and over) and serum C-terminal peptide (s-CTX) values that were found.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the number of MRONJ cases was significantly larger in the older age group (p < 0.05). Regarding gender and sites of lesions, MRONJ was significantly frequent in the female and the mandible (p < 0.05). The R2values for the regression analysis for MRONJ (R2= 0.9234) and odontogenic etiology (R2= 0.0427) signified linear increase in the number of MRONJ cases, whereas bone lesions due to traditional odontogenic etiology stayed stationary.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of MRONJ has escalated, and most of the patients are elderly people. The current trend of inflammatory conditions of the jaw may have changed since the advent of MRONJ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term bisphosphonate therapy became a major risk factor for the osteomyelitis and osteonecrosis of the jaws. Thorough medical history, taking would be essential and communication with prescribing physicians should be emphasized during the dental treatment planning.
authors: Department of Dentistry (Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery), International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, South Korea.
authors: Sung Ok
authors: SO
authors: Hong
authors: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedaero 26, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
authors: Chae-Yoon
authors: CY
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, 55131, Germany.
authors: Junho
authors: J
authors: Jung
authors: Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedaero 26, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
authors: Deog-Yoon
authors: DY
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, 55131, Germany.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Walter
authors: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Refractory Jawbone Diseases, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedaero 26, Seoul, 02447, South Korea. yongdae.kwon@gmail.com.
authors: Yong-Dae
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9620-4814
authors: YD
authors: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D059266:Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Bisphosphonates; Inflammatory jawbone disease; MRONJ; Osteoporosis