title: Liver Fatty Acid Composition and Inflammation in Mice Fed with High-Carbohydrate Diet or High-Fat Diet.
abstract: Both high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) and high-fat diet (HFD) modulate liver fat accumulation and inflammation, however, there is a lack of data on the potential contribution of carbohydrates and lipids separately. For this reason, the changes in liver fatty acid (FA) composition in male Swiss mice fed with HCD or HFD were compared, at the time points 0 (before starting the diets), and after 7, 14, 28 or 56 days. Activities of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), ∆-6 desaturase (D6D), elongases and de novo lipogenesis (DNL) were estimated. Liver mRNA expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) was evaluated as an additional indicator of the de novo lipogenesis. Myeloperoxidase activity, nitric oxide (NO) production, and mRNA expressions of F4/80, type I collagen, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured as indication of the liver inflammatory state. The HCD group had more intense lipid deposition, particularly of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). This group also showed higher DNL, SCD-1, and D6D activities associated with increased NO concentration, as well as myeloperoxidase activity. Livers from the HFD group showed higher elongase activity, stored more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and had a lower omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid (n-6/n-3) ratio. In conclusion, liver lipid accumulation, fatty acids (FA) composition and inflammation were modulated by the dietary composition of lipids and carbohydrates. The HCD group had more potent lipogenic and inflammatory effects in comparison with HFD.
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil. lorenajufem@gmail.com.
authors: Lorena Gimenez
authors: LG
authors: da Silva-Santi
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil. marinaantunes_1992@hotmail.com.
authors: Marina Masetto
authors: MM
authors: Antunes
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil. smcassef@uem.br.
authors: Silvana Martins
authors: SM
authors: Caparroz-Assef
authors: Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil. fabianacarbonera@gmail.com.
authors: Fabiana
authors: F
authors: Carbonera
authors: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil. laure_masi@hotmail.com.
authors: Laureane Nunes
authors: LN
authors: Masi
authors: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil. curirui@gmail.com.
authors: Rui
authors: R
authors: Curi
authors: Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil. jesuiv@gmail.com.
authors: Jesuí Vergílio
authors: JV
authors: Visentainer
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil. rbbazotte@gmail.com.
authors: Roberto Barbosa
authors: RB
authors: Bazotte
mesh_terms: D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D000070601:Diet, Carbohydrate Loading / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081031:Fatty Acid Elongases; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005227:Fatty Acids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C000616952:delta-6 desaturase, mouse; C490333:Scd1 protein, mouse; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D000081031:Fatty Acid Elongases; C000616953:ACC1 protein, mouse; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
keywords: desaturases; elongases; monounsaturated fatty acids; myeloperoxidase; n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio; nitric oxide; polyunsaturated fatty acids; pro-inflammatory cytokines; saturated fatty acids