title: Construction of a temperature-responsive terpolymer coating with recyclable bactericidal and self-cleaning antimicrobial properties.
abstract: Once a biomedical implant is implanted into a human body, proteins and bacteria can easily colonize the implant, and subsequently, a biofilm can grow on the surface. A biofilm can protect the inhabiting bacteria against macrophages and neutrophil cell attack from the host immune system. The most important issue for artificial antibacterial surfaces is the accumulation of the bacteria corpse after they are killed by contact, which promotes further adhesion of bacteria and biofilm formation. Therefore, we constructed a novel multifunctional bactericidal and fouling release antibacterial surface through the combination of temperature-responsive N-vinylcaprolactam (VCL), hydrophilic 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and a bactericidal quaternary ammonium salt (2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA+)). The terpolymer coating was prepared through surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization and characterized using water contact angle measurements, atomic force microscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry. At a temperature above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), the P(VCL-co-DMAEMA+-co-MPC) terpolymer coating was in a compressed and hydrophobic state with low moisture content, which displayed bactericidal efficiency against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The coating could be switched into a relatively hydrophilic surface at a temperature below the LCST, which showed self-cleaning properties against both bacteria and bovine serum albumin. The functionalized surface showed good biocompatibility against human lens epithelial cells as evaluated by morphology studies and activity measurements.
authors: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. Chenhao823@mail.eye.ac.cn nankh@163.com and Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 32500, China.
authors: Bailiang
authors: B
authors: Wang
authors: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. Chenhao823@mail.eye.ac.cn nankh@163.com.
authors: Zi
authors: Z
authors: Ye
authors: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. Chenhao823@mail.eye.ac.cn nankh@163.com.
authors: Qingwen
authors: Q
authors: Xu
authors: Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 32500, China.
authors: Huihua
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. Chenhao823@mail.eye.ac.cn nankh@163.com and Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 32500, China.
authors: Quankui
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2870-6059
authors: Q
authors: Lin
authors: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. Chenhao823@mail.eye.ac.cn nankh@163.com and Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 32500, China.
authors: Hao
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. Chenhao823@mail.eye.ac.cn nankh@163.com and Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 32500, China.
authors: Kaihui
authors: K
authors: Nan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D057219:Biofouling / Q000517:prevention & control; D002209:Caprolactam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D008689:Methacrylates; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; C070638:2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine; C013830:baysilon; D002209:Caprolactam; C049840:2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate