title: A Case of a Spontaneous Self-resolving Retrobulbar Hemorrhage Following 3,4-Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine Use.
abstract: This case report discusses the case of a 23-year-old male patient who experienced retrobulbar pain, diplopia, proptosis, and mild lower eyelid bruising after consuming 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine. The symptoms settled over 10 days and vision returned to normal without intervention. The authors discuss the differential diagnosis relevant to the presenting complaints and propose several mechanisms linking 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine use to spontaneous nontraumatic intraorbital hematoma.
authors: *Cumberland Infirmary, Carlisle, United Kingdom; †Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom; and ‡Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors: Jordan V
authors: JV
authors: Chervenkoff
authors: Saul N
authors: SN
authors: Rajak
authors: Dinesh
authors: D
authors: Selva
authors: Garry
authors: G
authors: Davis
mesh_terms: D015104:3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D019315:Retrobulbar Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006213:Hallucinogens; D015104:3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine