title: Cross-Sectional Study for Prevalence of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Induced Gastrointestinal, Cardiac and Renal Complications in India: Interim Report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common therapeutic products used for the management of inflammation and pain. However, their use is associated with gastrointestinal (GI), cardiovascular and renal complications. Although prevalence data regarding NSAID-induced complications are available worldwide, but none of the study has assessed the prevalence of GI, cardiac and renal complications in India. This study aimed to assess the point prevalence of GI, cardiac and renal complications associated with the use of NSAIDs in India. The study also aimed to evaluate the association between the risk factors and GI, renal and cardiac complications in patients using NSAIDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective, cross-sectional, multi-centric study was conducted in eight medical colleges across India (North, East, West, South and Central India). Data related to GI complications including gastric, duodenal and gastroduodenal erosions/ulcers/gastritis, renal complications including acute and chronic renal failure or cardiac complications including acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiac failure, were collected from patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cut-off date for interim data analysis was July 7, 2014. A total of 2,140 patients out of 3,600 were enrolled from eight centers at the time of interim analysis. The NSAID-associated point prevalence of GI complications was 30.08%; cardiac complication was 42.77%; and renal complication was 27.88%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of the present interim analysis show that the prevalence of GI, cardiac and renal complications among patients is high due to exaggerated usage; however, the final analysis would provide the overall prevalence of these complications.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, IPGMER, Kolkata, India.
authors: Suparna
authors: S
authors: Chatterjee
authors: Department of Pain Medicine, New Delhi Pain Management Center, New Delhi, India.
authors: Gur Prasad
authors: GP
authors: Dureja
authors: Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, India.
authors: Ganesh
authors: G
authors: Kadhe
authors: Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, India.
authors: Amey
authors: A
authors: Mane
authors: Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, India.
authors: Abhay A
authors: AA
authors: Phansalkar
authors: Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, India.
authors: Sandesh
authors: S
authors: Sawant
authors: Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, India.
authors: Vaibhavi
authors: V
authors: Kapatkar
keywords: Cardiac; Complications; Gastrointestinal; NSAIDs; Pain management; Prevalence; Renal; Risk factors