title: A cluster of KPC-2 and VIM-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST833 isolates from the pediatric service of a Venezuelan Hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Klebsiella pneumoniae is a bacterial pathogen that has developed resistance to multiple antibiotics and is a major cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae have been isolated in many hospitals in Venezuela, but they have not been well-studied. The aim of this study was to characterize carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from the pediatric service of a hospital located in Anzoategui State, in the eastern part of Venezuela.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in the hospital from April to July 2014 were evaluated phenotypically and molecularly for the presence of carbapenemases blaKPC, blaIMP and blaVIM. Molecular epidemiology was performed with Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic-PCR (REP-PCR) and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). They were also studied for phenotypic and molecular resistance to a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) disinfectant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 19 isolates contained both blaVIM-2and blaKPC-2genes, and the blaKPC-2gene was associated with Tn4401b. All isolates were phenotypically sensitive to QACs and contained qacΔE and addA2 genes typical of class 1 integrons. Analysis by REP-PCR and MLST showed that all isolates had identical profiles characteristic of sequence type ST833.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All 19 strains are blaVIM-2and blaKPC-2-producing ST833 K. pneumoniae sensitive to QACs. This analysis may help to understand the routes of dissemination and confirms that QAC disinfectants can be used to help control their spread.
authors: Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors: Aura
authors: A
authors: Falco
authors: Laboratorio B, Dirección de Energía y Ambiente, Instituto de Estudios Avanzados, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors: Yusibeska
authors: Y
authors: Ramos
authors: Servicio de Laboratorio Clínico del anexo pediátrico "Dr. Rafael Tobías Guevara" del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario "Dr. Luis Razetti", Barcelona, Venezuela.
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Franco
authors: Servicio de Laboratorio Clínico del anexo pediátrico "Dr. Rafael Tobías Guevara" del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario "Dr. Luis Razetti", Barcelona, Venezuela.
authors: Alegría
authors: A
authors: Guzmán
authors: Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela. htakiff@ivic.gob.ve.
authors: Howard
authors: H
authors: Takiff
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D032023:Integrons; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology / Q000379:methods; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010372:Pediatrics; D014687:Venezuela; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015780:Carbapenems; C425108:beta-lactamase bla(vim-2); D001618:beta-Lactamases; C547585:beta-lactamase KPC-2, Klebsiella pneumoniae; C063912:carbapenemase
keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; ST833; carbapenem; resistance