title: Effects of photodynamic therapy, 2 % chlorhexidine, triantibiotic mixture, propolis and ozone on root canals experimentally infected with Enterococcus faecalis: an in vitro study.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT), 2 % chlorhexidine (CHX). The teeth were contaminated with 0.1 mL Enterococcus faecalis (3 × 108cell/mL) and randomized into eight treatment groups: Group 1 (2.5 % NaOCl); Group 2 (PDT); Group 3 (2 % CHX); Group 4 (TAM); Group 5 (propolis), Group 6 (ozone), Group 7 (positive control) and Group 8 (negative control). Following treatment, the canal content was sampled. The samples were cultured in triplicate on blood agar plates to determine the number of colony forming units (CFU)/mL. The teeth were analyzed by SEM to determine the percentage of area with contamination and debris. The group with the lowest CFU/mL count was the ozone group, which obtained similar values to the PDT group. SEM images showed that 2.5 % NaOCL group showed the lowest percentage of contaminated area. Applications of PDT, 2 % CHX, TAM, propolis and ozone showed antibacterial potential similar to 2.5 % NaOCL.
authors: Clínica Odontológica Universitaria, Department of Oral Surgery, Hospital Morales Meseguer (2ª floor), University of Murcia, Avda. Marqués de los Vélez s/n, 30008, Murcia, Spain. fcamacho@um.es.
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Camacho-Alonso
authors: Clinical Teaching Fellow, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Salmerón-Lozano
authors: Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Martínez-Beneyto
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000382:microbiology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010126:Ozone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011429:Propolis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D013234:Stem Cells; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D010126:Ozone; D011429:Propolis; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: 2 % Chlorhexidine; Ozone; Photodynamic therapy; Propolis; Triantibiotic mixture