title: Diploid male production correlates with genetic diversity in the parasitoid waspVenturia canescens: a genetic approach with new microsatellite markers.
abstract: Sex determination is ruled by haplodiploidy in Hymenoptera, with haploid males arising from unfertilized eggs and diploid females from fertilized eggs. However, diploid males with null fitness are produced under complementary sex determination (CSD), when individuals are homozygous for this locus. Diploid males are expected to be more frequent in genetically eroded populations (such as islands and captive populations), as genetic diversity at thecsdlocus should be low. However, only a few studies have focused on the relation between population size, genetic diversity, and the proportion of diploid males in the field. Here, we developed new microsatellite markers in order to assess and compare genetic diversity and diploid male proportion (DMP) in populations from three distinct habitat types - mainland, island, or captive -, in the parasitoid waspVenturia canescens. Eroded genetic diversity and higher DMP were found in island and captive populations, and habitat type had large effect on genetic diversity. Therefore, DMP reflects the decreasing genetic diversity in small and isolated populations. Thus, Hymenopteran populations can be at high extinction risk due to habitat destruction or fragmentation.
authors: Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558 CNRS Université Claude Bernard Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne France.
authors: Marie
authors: 0000-0001-8632-4070
authors: M
authors: Collet
authors: UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis INRA 06900 Sophia Antipolis France.
authors: Chloé
authors: C
authors: Vayssade
authors: UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis INRA 06900 Sophia Antipolis France.
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Auguste
authors: Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558 CNRS Université Claude Bernard Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne France.
authors: Laurence
authors: L
authors: Mouton
authors: Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558 CNRS Université Claude Bernard Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne France.
authors: Emmanuel
authors: E
authors: Desouhant
authors: UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis INRA 06900 Sophia Antipolis France.
authors: Thibaut
authors: T
authors: Malausa
authors: UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis INRA 06900 Sophia Antipolis France.
authors: Xavier
authors: X
authors: Fauvergue
keywords: Diploid males; Venturia canescens; microsatellite markers; sl‐CSD