title: Effect of Bifidobacterium breve on the Intestinal Microbiota of Coeliac Children on a Gluten Free Diet: A Pilot Study.
abstract: Coeliac disease (CD) is associated with alterations of the intestinal microbiota. Although severalBifidobacteriumstrains showed anti-inflammatory activity and prevention of toxic gliadin peptides generation in vitro, few data are available on their efficacy when administered to CD subjects. This study evaluated the effect of administration for three months of a food supplement based on twoBifidobacterium brevestrains (B632 and BR03) to restore the gut microbial balance in coeliac children on a gluten free diet (GFD). Microbial DNA was extracted from faeces of 40 coeliac children before and after probiotic or placebo administration and 16 healthy children (Control group). Sequencing of the amplified V3-V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene as well as qPCR ofBidobacteriumspp.,Lactobacillusspp.,Bacteroides fragilisgroupClostridiumsensu strictoand enterobacteria were performed. The comparison between CD subjects and Control group revealed an alteration in the intestinal microbial composition of coeliacs mainly characterized by a reduction of theFirmicutes/Bacteroidetesratio, ofActinobacteriaandEuryarchaeota. Regarding the effects of the probiotic, an increase ofActinobacteriawas found as well as a re-establishment of the physiologicalFirmicutes/Bacteroidetesratio. Therefore, a three-month administration ofB. brevestrains helps in restoring the healthy percentage of main microbial components.
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Centre for Genome Biology Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, via Selmi 3, Bologna 40126, Italy. andrea.quagliariello@unibo.it.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Quagliariello
authors: Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 42, Bologna 40127, Italy. irene.aloisio@unibo.it.
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Aloisio
authors: Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 42, Bologna 40127, Italy. nicole.bozzicionci@studio.unibo.it.
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Bozzi Cionci
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Centre for Genome Biology Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, via Selmi 3, Bologna 40126, Italy. donata.luiselli@unibo.it.
authors: Donata
authors: D
authors: Luiselli
authors: Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO-Salud Pública), Valencia 46020, Spain. dauria_giu@gva.es.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: D'Auria
authors: Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO-Salud Pública), Valencia 46020, Spain. martinez_lucpri@gva.es.
authors: Llúcia
authors: L
authors: Martinez-Priego
authors: Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO-Salud Pública), Valencia 46020, Spain. enhancertrap@gmail.com.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Pérez-Villarroya
authors: Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Pivola 10, Hoče 2311, Slovenia. tomaz.langerholc@um.si.
authors: Tomaž
authors: T
authors: Langerholc
authors: Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Pivola 10, Hoče 2311, Slovenia. masa.primec@um.si.
authors: Maša
authors: M
authors: Primec
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, Maribor 2000, Slovenia. dusanka.micetic@um.si.
authors: Dušanka
authors: D
authors: Mičetić-Turk
authors: Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 42, Bologna 40127, Italy. diana.digioia@unibo.it.
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Di Gioia
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria; D000293:Adolescent; D041963:Bacteroidetes; D000069984:Bifidobacterium breve; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D000068536:Bacillota; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Bifidobacterium breve; coeliac disease; gluten free diet; intestinal microbiota; next generation sequencing; probiotic; qPCR