title: Investigation on the potential of waste cooking oil as a grinding aid in Portland cement.
abstract: Although there are several methods for managing waste cooking oil (WCO), a significant result has not been achieved in China. A new method is required for safe WCO management that minimizes the environmental threat. In this context, this work was developed in which cement clinker and gypsum were interground with various WCOs, and their properties, such as grindability, water-cement ratio required to achieve a normal consistency, setting times, compressive strength, contents of calcium hydroxide and ettringite in the hardened paste, microstructure and economic and environmental considerations, were addressed in detail. The results show that, overall, WCO favorably improves cement grinding. WCO prolonged the cement setting times and resulted in longer setting times. Additionally, more remarkable effects were found in cements in which WCO contained more unsaturated fatty acid. WCOs increased the cement strength. However, this enhancement was rated with respect to the WCO contents and components. WCOs decreased the CH and AFt contents in the cement hardened paste. Even the AFt content at later ages was reduced when WCO was used. WCO also densify microstructure of the hardened cement paste. It is economically and environmentally feasible to use WCOs as grinding aids in the cement grinding process. These results contribute to the application of WCOs as grinding aids and to the safe management of WCO.
authors: Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.
authors: Haoxin
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.
authors: Jianfeng
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.
authors: Yuyan
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China. Electronic address: jzhw@tongji.edu.cn.
authors: Zhengwu
authors: Z
authors: Jiang
authors: Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.
authors: Xiaojie
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.
authors: Zhenghong
authors: Z
authors: Yang
authors: Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D002681:China; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis*; D003296:Cooking; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D014866:Waste Products; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009821:Oils; D014866:Waste Products; D014867:Water; D002133:Calcium Sulfate
keywords: Calcium hydroxide; Compressive strength; Consistency; Grinding aid; Portland cement; Waste cooking oil