title: Hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy: Predictive factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence and predictive factors for transient and permanent hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied all the 162 patients that underwent thyroid surgery in the ENT department of the Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova Gaia/Espinho from January 2005 to December 2014. We reviewed pre-operative, 6h and 12h after surgery ionized calcium and PTH levels. All patients were reviewed and evaluated according to the following criteria: gender, age, thyroid function, histologic diagnosis of the specimen, surgery extension and presence or absence of hypoparathyroidism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 31 (19.1%) cases of transient hypoparathyroidism and 8 (5%) of permanent hypoparathyroidism. No significant difference was found for transient hypoparathyroidism when patients were analyzed by gender. However, all cases of permanent hypoparathyroidism were observed in female individuals. Comparing hemithyroidectomy with all other surgical procedures, we found that extension of surgery was a great predictor of transient (p=0.0001) and permanent (p=0.001) hypoparathyroidism. Diagnosis of malignancy was a strong predictor of transient hypoparathyroidism (p=0.002). It was also associated with permanent hypoparathyroidism, although differences did not reach statistical significance (p=0.096).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extension of surgery (total thyroidectomy) and diagnosis of malignancy are predictors of transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism.
authors: Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho (CHVNGE), ENT Department, Gaia, Portugal. Electronic address: cfilipa.coimbra@gmail.com.
authors: Cristiana
authors: C
authors: Coimbra
authors: Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho (CHVNGE), ENT Department, Gaia, Portugal.
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Monteiro
authors: Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho (CHVNGE), ENT Department, Gaia, Portugal.
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Oliveira
authors: Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho (CHVNGE), ENT Department, Gaia, Portugal.
authors: Leandro
authors: L
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho (CHVNGE), ENT Department, Gaia, Portugal.
authors: Mário Giesteira
authors: MG
authors: de Almeida
authors: Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho (CHVNGE), ENT Department, Gaia, Portugal.
authors: Artur
authors: A
authors: Condé
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000209:etiology; D007011:Hypoparathyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015994:Incidence; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D037981:Neck Dissection; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000293:injuries*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Diagnóstico histológico; Factores predictivos; Glándula paratiroidea; Hipocalcemia; Hipoparatiroidismo; Histological diagnosis; Hypocalcemia; Hypoparathyroidism; Parathyroid gland; Predictive factors; Thyroidectomy; Tiroidectomía