title: Superior Pedicle Mammaplasty without Parenchymal Incisions after Massive Weight Loss.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After considerable weight loss, the breast suffers significant deformation. The ptotic breast is characterized by a lack of superior pole, tissue excess in the inferior pole, down-migration of nipple-areola complex (NAC) with redundancy of skin tissue. The authors describe a mastopexy technique based on a modulated and progressive reshaping, back rotation, and suspension of mammary gland parenchyma without parenchymal incisions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients with bilateral moderate or severe breast ptosis underwent mastopexy from January 2011 to January 2014 with complete detachment of breast from the pectoralis major muscle and the plication of parenchyma without any parenchymal incision. Patients were followed up for one year, reporting any complication, and measuring the jugulum-NAC distance. The outcomes were assessed by the patients as well as the surgical team.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The aesthetic outcomes were good or excellent in all patients. The new mammary contour and the distance between the jugular fossa and the nipple were stable during this time with a good filling of upper pole. No major complications were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This technique gave good breast shape, long-term projection, and upper pole fullness, without parenchymal incisions. It restores breast shape and projection, especially in post-bariatric patients. A similar technique has not been described yet.
authors: a Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, S.Maria alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena , Italy.
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: D'Aniello
authors: a Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, S.Maria alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena , Italy.
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Cuomo
authors: a Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, S.Maria alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena , Italy.
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Grimaldi
authors: a Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, S.Maria alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena , Italy.
authors: Cesare
authors: C
authors: Brandi
authors: a Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, S.Maria alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena , Italy.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Sisti
authors: a Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, S.Maria alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena , Italy.
authors: Juri
authors: J
authors: Tassinari
authors: a Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, S.Maria alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena , Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Nisi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects; D001940:Breast / Q000637:transplantation*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000637:transplantation*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: autologous tissue mastopexy; breast lift; breast ptosis; breast reshaping; massive weight loss; mastopexy