title: Advancements in breeding, genetics, and genomics for resistance to three nematode species in soybean.
abstract: Integration of genetic analysis, molecular biology, and genomic approaches drastically enhanced our understanding of genetic control of nematode resistance and provided effective breeding strategies in soybeans. Three nematode species, including soybean cyst (SCN, Heterodera glycine), root-knot (RKN, Meloidogyne incognita), and reniform (RN, Rotylenchulus reniformis), are the most destructive pests and have spread to soybean growing areas worldwide. Host plant resistance has played an important role in their control. This review focuses on genetic, genomic studies, and breeding efforts over the past two decades to identify and improve host resistance to these three nematode species. Advancements in genetics, genomics, and bioinformatics have improved our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms of nematode resistance and enabled researchers to generate large-scale genomic resources and marker-trait associations. Whole-genome resequencing, genotyping-by-sequencing, genome-wide association studies, and haplotype analyses have been employed to map and dissect genomic locations for nematode resistance. Recently, two major SCN-resistant loci, Rhg1 and Rhg4, were cloned and other novel resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been discovered. Based on these discoveries, gene-specific DNA markers have been developed for both Rhg1 and Rhg4 loci, which were useful for marker-assisted selection. With RKN resistance QTL being mapped, candidate genes responsible for RKN resistance were identified, leading to the development of functional single nucleotide polymorphism markers. So far, three resistances QTL have been genetically mapped for RN resistance. With nematode species overcoming the host plant resistance, continuous efforts in the identification and deployment of new resistance genes are required to support the development of soybean cultivars with multiple and durable resistance to these pests.
authors: Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. leehan26@snu.ac.kr.|KSK's Current Address: LG Chem-FarmHannong, Ltd., Daejeon, 34115, Korea. leehan26@snu.ac.kr.
authors: Ki-Seung
authors: KS
authors: Kim
authors: Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
authors: Tri D
authors: TD
authors: Vuong
authors: Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Qiu
authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
authors: Robert T
authors: RT
authors: Robbins
authors: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri-Fisher Delta Research Center, Portageville, MO, 63873, USA.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Grover Shannon
authors: Center for Applied Genetic Technologies and Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
authors: Zenglu
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. nguyenhenry@missouri.edu.
authors: Henry T
authors: HT
authors: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers; D023281:Genomics; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D000069600:Plant Breeding; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000469:parasitology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics* / Q000469:parasitology*; D014431:Tylenchoidea
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers