title: Diversity of fungal feruloyl esterases: updated phylogenetic classification, properties, and industrial applications.
abstract: Feruloyl esterases (FAEs) represent a diverse group of carboxyl esterases that specifically catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds between ferulic (hydroxycinnamic) acid and plant cell wall polysaccharides. Therefore, FAEs act as accessory enzymes to assist xylanolytic and pectinolytic enzymes in gaining access to their site of action during biomass conversion. Their ability to release ferulic acid and other hydroxycinnamic acids from plant biomass makes FAEs potential biocatalysts in a wide variety of applications such as in biofuel, food and feed, pulp and paper, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. This review provides an updated overview of the knowledge on fungal FAEs, in particular describing their role in plant biomass degradation, diversity of their biochemical properties and substrate specificities, their regulation and conditions needed for their induction. Furthermore, the discovery of new FAEs using genome mining and phylogenetic analysis of current publicly accessible fungal genomes will also be presented. This has led to a new subfamily classification of fungal FAEs that takes into account both phylogeny and substrate specificity.
authors: Fungal Physiology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Adiphol
authors: A
authors: Dilokpimol
authors: Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors: Miia R
authors: MR
authors: Mäkelä
authors: Fungal Physiology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Maria Victoria
authors: MV
authors: Aguilar-Pontes
authors: Fungal Physiology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Benoit-Gelber
authors: Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors: Kristiina S
authors: KS
authors: Hildén
authors: Fungal Physiology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors: Ronald P
authors: RP
authors: de Vries
keywords: Applications; Biotechnology; Cinnamic acid; Ferulic acid; Feruloyl esterase; Hydroxycinnamic acid; P-coumaric acid; Phylogenetic analysis; Plant cell wall