title: A systematic review and meta-analysis: Does hepatitis C virus infection predispose to the development of chronic kidney disease?
abstract: We aimed to meta-analytically assess the predisposition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection to the occurrence and severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Two authors independently searched articles and abstracted information. Odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) was converged separately in 12 longitudinal (1,972,044 subjects) and 15 cross-sectional (937,607 subjects) studies. Overall effect estimate was remarkably significant in longitudinal studies (HR, 95% CI, P: 1.45, 1.23-1.71, < 0.001), in contrast to that in cross-sectional studies (OR, 95% CI, P: 1.25, 0.90-1.73, 0.188), with obvious heterogeneity (I2 > 95%). HCV infection was also associated with an 1.54-fold (95% CI, P: 1.27-1.87, < 0.001) increased risk of having prevalent proteinuria. In longitudinal studies with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60, < 30 and < 15 ml/min/1.73m2, the corresponding HR was 1.39 (95% CI, P: 1.14-1.69, 0.001), 1.79 (0.91-3.51, 0.091) and 2.30 (1.26-4.19, 0.007). Further grouping the longitudinal studies by median follow-up time at 5 years revealed that the effect estimate was reinforced in long-term studies (HR, 95% CI, P: 1.86, 1.19-2.89, 0.006; I2=98.1%) relative to that in short-term studies (1.21, 1.03-1.43, 0.024; 92.0%). In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the significant risk of experiencing incident CKD after HCV infection, with the lower eGFR and longer HCV exposure time entailing a greater risk.
authors: Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Institute of Imaging, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Peiyuan
authors: P
authors: Wang
authors: Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Chunhua
authors: C
authors: Yang
authors: Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Wenguo
authors: W
authors: Jiang
authors: Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Xiaodan
authors: X
authors: Wei
authors: Personnel Department, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Xinbo
authors: X
authors: Mu
authors: Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Xuri
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Jia
authors: J
authors: Mi
authors: Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Geng
authors: G
authors: Tian
mesh_terms: D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: chronic kidney disease; effect estimate; hepatitis C virus; meta-analysis