title: In situ Scanning Electron Microscopy of Silicon Anode Reactions in Lithium-Ion Batteries during Charge/Discharge Processes.
abstract: A comprehensive understanding of the charge/discharge behaviour of high-capacity anode active materials, e.g., Si and Li, is essential for the design and development of next-generation high-performance Li-based batteries. Here, we demonstrate the in situ scanning electron microscopy (in situ SEM) of Si anodes in a configuration analogous to actual lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with an ionic liquid (IL) that is expected to be a functional LIB electrolyte in the future. We discovered that variations in the morphology of Si active materials during charge/discharge processes is strongly dependent on their size and shape. Even the diffusion of atomic Li into Si materials can be visualized using a back-scattering electron imaging technique. The electrode reactions were successfully recorded as video clips. This in situ SEM technique can simultaneously provide useful data on, for example, morphological variations and elemental distributions, as well as electrochemical data.
authors: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
authors: Chih-Yao
authors: CY
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
authors: Teruki
authors: T
authors: Sano
authors: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Tsuda
authors: Department of Frontier Materials and Function Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8551, Japan.
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Ui
authors: School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan.
authors: Yoshifumi
authors: Y
authors: Oshima
authors: Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Yamagata
authors: Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan.
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Ishikawa
authors: Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan.
authors: Masakazu
authors: M
authors: Haruta
authors: Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan.
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Doi
authors: Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan.
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Inaba
authors: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
authors: Susumu
authors: S
authors: Kuwabata