title: Effects of Astragalus and Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides on alveolar macrophage phagocytosis and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mice exposed to PM2.5.
abstract: Astragalus and Codonopsis pilosula are used for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) and Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides (CPP) on alveolar macrophage (AM) phagocytosis and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with exposure to particulate matter with a mean aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5). A mouse model of COPD was established by cigarette smoke exposure. PM2.5 exposure was performed by inhalation of a PM2.5 solution aerosol. APS and CPP were administered intragastrically. COPD showed defective AM phagocytosis and increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum. PM2.5 exposure aggravated the damage, and this effect was reversed by APS and CPP gavage. The results indicate that APS and CPP may promote defective AM phagocytosis and ameliorate the inflammatory response in COPD with or without PM2.5 exposure.
authors: Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
authors: Xu
authors: X
authors: Chu
authors: Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China. Electronic address: liuxiaoju835@126.com.
authors: Xiao-Ju
authors: XJ
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
authors: Jing-Man
authors: JM
authors: Qiu
authors: Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
authors: Xiao-Li
authors: XL
authors: Zeng
authors: Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
authors: Hai-Rong
authors: HR
authors: Bao
authors: Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Shu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D027883:Astragalus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D029745:Codonopsis / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011134:Polysaccharides
keywords: Inflammation; Macrophages, Alveolar; PM2.5; Phagocytosis; Polysaccharides; Pulmonary disease, Chronic obstructive