title: Bundled-Optode Method in Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.
abstract: In this paper, a theory for detection of the absolute concentrations of oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbR) from hemodynamic responses using a bundled-optode configuration in functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is proposed. The proposed method is then applied to the identification of two fingers (i.e., little and thumb) during their flexion and extension. This experiment involves a continuous-wave-type dual-wavelength (760 and 830 nm) fNIRS and five healthy male subjects. The active brain locations of two finger movements are identified based on the analysis of the t- and p-values of the averaged HbOs, which are quite distinctive. Our experimental results, furthermore, revealed that the hemodynamic responses of two-finger movements are different: The mean, peak, and time-to-peak of little finger movements are higher than those of thumb movements. It is noteworthy that the developed method can be extended to 3-dimensional fNIRS imaging.
authors: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hoang-Dung
authors: HD
authors: Nguyen
authors: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.|School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
authors: Keum-Shik
authors: KS
authors: Hong
authors: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University & Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yong-Il
authors: YI
authors: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055096:Optical Devices; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; C100003:deoxyhemoglobin