title: The Impact of Central and Peripheral Cyclooxygenase Enzyme Inhibition on Exercise-Induced Elevations in Core Body Temperature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Exercise increases core body temperature (TC) due to metabolic heat production. However, the exercise-induced release of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6) may also contribute to the rise in TCby increasing the hypothalamic temperature set point. This study investigated whether the exercise-induced increase in TCis partly caused by an altered hypothalamic temperature set point.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen healthy, active men age 36 ± 14 y were recruited. Subjects performed submaximal treadmill exercise in 3 randomized test conditions: (1) 400 mg ibuprofen and 1000 mg acetaminophen (IBU/APAP), (2) 1000 mg acetaminophen (APAP), and (3) a control condition (CTRL). Acetaminophen and ibuprofen were used to block the effect of IL-6 at a central and peripheral level, respectively. TC, skin temperature, and heart rate were measured continuously during the submaximal exercise tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline values of TC, skin temperature, and heart rate did not differ across conditions. Serum IL-6 concentrations increased in all 3 conditions. A significantly lower peak TCwas observed in IBU/APAP (38.8°C ± 0.4°C) vs CTRL (39.2°C ± 0.5°C, P = .02) but not in APAP (38.9°C ± 0.4°C) vs CTRL. Similarly, a lower ΔTCwas observed in IBU/APAP (1.7°C ± 0.3°C) vs CTRL (2.0°C ± 0.5°C, P < .02) but not in APAP (1.7°C ± 0.5°C) vs CTRL. No differences were observed in skin temperature and heart-rate responses across conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined administration of acetaminophen and ibuprofen resulted in an attenuated increase in TCduring exercise compared with a CTRL. This observation suggests that a prostaglandin-E2-induced elevated hypothalamic temperature set point may contribute to the exercise-induced rise in TC.
authors: Matthijs T W
authors: MTW
authors: Veltmeijer
authors: Dineke
authors: D
authors: Veeneman
authors: Coen C C W
authors: CCCW
authors: Bongers
authors: Mihai G
authors: MG
authors: Netea
authors: Jos W
authors: JW
authors: van der Meer
authors: Thijs M H
authors: TMH
authors: Eijsvogels
authors: Maria T E
authors: MTE
authors: Hopman
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology*; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D012881:Skin Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000082:Acetaminophen; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007052:Ibuprofen; D015850:Interleukin-6; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors
keywords: exercise; hyperthermia; running; set point; thermoregulation