title: The molecular epidemiological study of bovine leukemia virus infection in Myanmar cattle.
abstract: Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the etiological agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, which is the most common neoplastic disease of cattle. BLV infects cattle worldwide and affects both health status and productivity. However, no studies have examined the distribution of BLV in Myanmar, and the genetic characteristics of Myanmar BLV strains are unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect BLV infection in Myanmar and examine genetic variability. Blood samples were obtained from 66 cattle from different farms in four townships of the Nay Pyi Taw Union Territory of central Myanmar. BLV provirus was detected by nested PCR and real-time PCR targeting BLV long terminal repeats. Results were confirmed by nested PCR targeting the BLV env-gp51 gene and real-time PCR targeting the BLV tax gene. Out of 66 samples, six (9.1 %) were positive for BLV provirus. A phylogenetic tree, constructed using five distinct partial and complete env-gp51 sequences from BLV strains isolated from three different townships, indicated that Myanmar strains were genotype-10. A phylogenetic tree constructed from whole genome sequences obtained by sequencing cloned, overlapping PCR products from two Myanmar strains confirmed the existence of genotype-10 in Myanmar. Comparative analysis of complete genome sequences identified genotype-10-specific amino acid substitutions in both structural and non-structural genes, thereby distinguishing genotype-10 strains from other known genotypes. This study provides information regarding BLV infection levels in Myanmar and confirms that genotype-10 is circulating in Myanmar.
authors: Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.|Laboratory of Viral Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
authors: Meripet
authors: M
authors: Polat
authors: Department of Animal Science, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar.
authors: Hla Hla
authors: HH
authors: Moe
authors: Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Shimogiri
authors: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar.
authors: Kyaw Kyaw
authors: KK
authors: Moe
authors: Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.|Laboratory of Viral Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
authors: Shin-Nosuke
authors: SN
authors: Takeshima
authors: Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan. aida@riken.jp.|Laboratory of Viral Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan. aida@riken.jp.
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Aida
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D016583:Enzootic Bovine Leukosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D005814:Genes, Viral; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D001909:Leukemia Virus, Bovine / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D002052:Myanmar / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D016415:Sequence Alignment