title: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia in Neuromuscular Disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a rare, genetic disorder predominantly affecting the right ventricle. There is increasing evidence that in some cases, ARVD is due to mutations in genes, which have also been implicated in primary myopathies. This review gives an overview about myopathy-associated ARVD and how these patients can be managed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review was done using appropriate search terms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The myopathy, which is most frequently associated with ARVD, is the myofibrillar myopathy due to desmin mutations. Only in a single patient, ARVD was described in myotonic dystrophy type 1. However, there are a number of genes causing either myopathy or ARVD. These genes include lamin A/C, ZASP/cypher, transmembrane protein-43, titin, and the ryanodine receptor-2 gene. Diagnosis and treatment are identical for myopathy-associated ARVD and nonmyopathy-associated ARVD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with primary myopathy due to mutations in the desmin, dystrophia myotonica protein kinase, lamin A/C, ZASP/cypher, transmembrane protein-43, titin, or the ryanodine receptor-2 gene should be screened for ARVD. Patients carrying a pathogenic variant in any of these genes should undergo annual cardiological investigations for cardiac function and arrhythmias.
authors: Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Josef
authors: J
authors: Finsterer
authors: 2nd Medical Department with Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Stöllberger
keywords: arrhythmias; cardiomyopathy; conduction defects; myopathy; neuromuscular; right ventricle; sudden cardiac death