title: The Role of PPARs in Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, energy production, and inflammation. It is well established that all of the three isoforms of PPARs expressed in the cardiomyocytes, and that PPARs are closely involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis as well as many other different aspects in the heart. We think that PPARs are very important therapeutic targets for drug development, however, the drugs targeting at PPARs meet some trouble in clinical practice, especially the reported side effects related to heart failure. This review summarizes different functions and mechanisms of each isoform in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, for the reason that if more efforts are made to investigate the interactions among different isoforms, minimize the off-target effects, and avoid PPARs-independent side effects, we can develop safer and more effective PPAR agonists for the clinical practice in the near future.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors: Hai-Han
authors: HH
authors: Liao
authors: Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors: Xu-Hui
authors: XH
authors: Jia
authors: Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
authors: Huang-Jun
authors: HJ
authors: Liu
authors: Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
authors: Zheng
authors: Z
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University at Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan 430060, China.
authors: Qi-Zhu
authors: QZ
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
keywords: PPARs; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; cardiac hypertrophy; heart failure