title: Longitudinal observation of serum anti-Müllerian hormone in three girls after cancer treatment.
abstract: Gonadal dysfunction and infertility are major endocrinological late effects among childhood cancer survivors. Chemotherapy and radiation have gonadotoxic effects and diminish the ovarian reserve. The serum concentration of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a useful marker of ovarian reserve in survivors. We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate the variations of AMH in evaluating the acute and chronic effects of cancer therapy on the ovary. Three young female patients with different hematological diseases were registered, and their medical records were reviewed. Patient 1 with myelodysplastic syndrome received reduced-intensity hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at 10 yr of age. Breast development and menarche occurred spontaneously after HSCT; however, AMH level became undetectable and gonadotropin did not increase. Patient 2 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia had been receiving chemotherapy since 11 yr of age. AMH level became undetectable but increased after chemotherapy and was associated with regular menstruation. Patient 3 with acute myeloid leukemia received chemotherapy at 13 yr of age and myeloablative HSCT at 14 yr of age. AMH level became undetectable after HSCT, and the patient developed amenorrhea. These different patterns in the recovery phase demonstrated that the AMH level immediately after the end of cancer therapy is inappropriate for the evaluation of the ovarian reserve.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Miyoshi
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Kie
authors: K
authors: Yasuda
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Makiko
authors: M
authors: Tachibana
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Hisao
authors: H
authors: Yoshida
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Emiko
authors: E
authors: Miyashita
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Takako
authors: T
authors: Miyamura
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Yoshiko
authors: Y
authors: Hashii
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Kae
authors: K
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Tadashi
authors: T
authors: Kimura
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Keiichi
authors: K
authors: Ozono
keywords: anti-Müllerian hormone; childhood cancer survivor; fertility; gonadal function; ovarian reserve