title: Recent Advances in Leukoaraiosis: White Matter Structural Integrity and Functional Outcomes after Acute Ischemic Stroke.
abstract: Leukoaraiosis, a radiographic marker of cerebral small vessel disease detected on T2-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as white matter hyperintensity (WMH), is a key contributor to the risk and severity of acute cerebral ischemia. Prior investigations have emphasized the pathophysiology of WMH development and progression; however, more recently, an association between WMH burden and functional outcomes after stroke has emerged. There is growing evidence that WMH represents macroscopic injury to the white matter and that the extent of WMH burden on MRI influences functional recovery in multiple domains following acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In this review, we discuss the current understanding of WMH pathogenesis and its impact on AIS and functional recovery.
authors: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.|Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.|J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
authors: Mark R
authors: MR
authors: Etherton
authors: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.|J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
authors: Ona
authors: O
authors: Wu
authors: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. nrost@partners.org.|Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. nrost@partners.org.|J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. nrost@partners.org.
authors: Natalia S
authors: NS
authors: Rost
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D049292:Leukoaraiosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D020127:Recovery of Function; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D066127:White Matter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Ischemic stroke; Leukoaraiosis; Stroke recovery