title: Medical therapies for heavy menstrual bleeding in women with uterine fibroids: a retrospective analysis of a large commercially insured population in the USA.
abstract: To report patterns and patient characteristics associated with initiation of and persistence with medical therapies for uterine fibroid-related heavy menstrual bleeding.
  
  
  
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  
  US commercial insurance claims database.
  
  
  
  41 561 women aged 18-54 years with uterine fibroids and heavy menstrual bleeding who initiated medical therapies from January 2000 through December 2013.
  
  
  
  Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess patient characteristics associated with initiation and persistence. Cox proportional hazards regression was used on propensity score-matched cohorts to examine change from index medication.
  
  
  
  Initiation of and persistence with four first-line medical therapies: short- and long-acting reversible contraceptive steroids, leuprolide acetate, and tranexamic acid.
  
  
  
  Most women (79.4%) took short-acting reversible contraceptive steroids as first-line therapy (index medication), whereas 9.5%, 8.5%, and 2.7% used long-acting reversible contraceptive steroids, leuprolide acetate, and tranexamic acid, respectively. During follow-up, 16 594 women (39.9%) switched to nonindex medication (18.4%) or procedural treatment (81.6%). In comparison with women taking short-acting steroids, those receiving long-acting steroids were less likely to switch [hazard ratio (HR) 0.84, 95% CI 0.79-0.91], whereas women taking leuprolide acetate (HR 2.44, 95% CI 2.27-2.62) or tranexamic acid (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.26-1.65) were more likely to switch. Older age, emergency department visits, anaemia, and inflammatory disease diagnoses at baseline were associated with increased probability of discontinuing the index medication or switching to another therapy.
  
  
  
  Women with uterine fibroid-related heavy menstrual bleeding were more likely to persist with their initial therapy of long-acting reversible contraceptive steroid compared with other medical options.
  
  
  
  80% women with fibroid-related heavy menstrual bleeding use SARC, but LARC users are more persistent.
authors: Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.|The Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Yao
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors: E A
authors: EA
authors: Stewart
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Laughlin-Tommaso
authors: The Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors: H C
authors: HC
authors: Heien
authors: Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.|The Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.|Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors: B J
authors: BJ
authors: Borah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000150:complications*; D000075523:Long-Acting Reversible Contraception / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008595:Menorrhagia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female
keywords: Heavy menstrual bleeding; leuprolide acetate; long-acting reversible contraceptive steroid; short-acting reversible contraceptive steroid; tranexamic acid; uterine fibroids or leiomyomas