title: Therapeutic inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes in surgery: putative applications and challenges.
abstract: Oxygen is essential for metazoans to generate energy. Upon oxygen deprivation adaptive and protective pathways are induced, mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes (PHDs). Both play a pivotal role in various conditions associated with prolonged ischemia and inflammation, and are promising targets for therapeutic intervention. This review focuses on aspects of therapeutic PHD modulation in surgically relevant disease conditions such as hepatic and intestinal disorders, wound healing, innate immune responses, and tumorigenesis, and discusses the therapeutic potential and challenges of PHD inhibition in surgical patients.
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Jonathan Michael
authors: JM
authors: Harnoss
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Moritz Johannes
authors: MJ
authors: Strowitzki
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Praveen
authors: P
authors: Radhakrishnan
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Lisa Katharina
authors: LK
authors: Platzer
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Julian Camill
authors: JC
authors: Harnoss
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Hank
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Cai
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Alexis
authors: A
authors: Ulrich
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Schneider
keywords: HIF; PHD; PHI; hypoxia; surgery