title: Antioxidant and Antitumor Activity of a Bioactive Polyphenolic Fraction Isolated from the Brewing Process.
abstract: There is increasing interest in identifying natural bioactive compounds that can improve mitochondrial functionality and regulate apoptosis. The brewery industry generates wastewater that could yield a natural extract containing bioactive phenolic compounds. Polyphenols act as antioxidants and have been documented to protect the human body from degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular diseases or cancer. The main aims of our research were to determine the phenolic profile of a crude extract obtained (at pilot scale) from a brewery waste stream and to evaluate the biochemical activity of this extract on the mitochondrial function of a cancer cell line (SH-SY5Y). This work is a basic translational pilot study. The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, which revealed that 2.30% of the extract consisted of phenolic compounds. The polyphenols, identified and quantified by reverse-phase-high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC/MS), were mainly flavonoids. After cell culture, the tumoral cells treated with the polyphenolic extract showed enhanced mitochondrial oxidative function, which is likely related to a decrease in oxidative stress and an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis. This type of brewery waste stream, properly treated, may be a promising source of natural antioxidants to replace the synthetic antioxidants currently used in the food industry.
authors: Tecnologica Research Institute, Biomedical Section, Crotone, 88900, Italy.
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Tatullo
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 70124, Italy.
authors: Grazia Maria
authors: GM
authors: Simone
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 70124, Italy.
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Tarullo
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 70124, Italy.
authors: Gianfranco
authors: G
authors: Irlandese
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 70124, Italy.
authors: Danila De
authors: D
authors: Vito
authors: Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Calabrodental, Crotone, 88900, Italy.|Marrelli Hospital, Advanced Diagnostic Labs, Crotone, 88900, Italy.
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Marrelli
authors: Jonian Department DISGEM, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Taranto, 74100, Italy.
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Santacroce
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 70124, Italy.
authors: Tiziana
authors: T
authors: Cocco
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 70124, Italy.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Ballini
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 70124, Italy.
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Scacco
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019649:Food Industry; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010865:Pilot Projects; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; D005419:Flavonoids; D059808:Polyphenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D062065:Wastewater