title: Mutations in apoptotic genes and micronucleus occurrence in vinyl chloride-exposed workers in China.
abstract: Vinyl chloride is an occupational carcinogen which caused micronuclei in human directly. It has recently been demonstrated that micronuclei formation could generate a spectrum of genomic rearrangements and play a key role in the early tumorigenesis process. We aimed to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the apoptosis process related genes and micronuclei rate in vinyl chloride-exposed workers in China.
  
  
  
  Cytokinesis block micronucleus test was performed on 342 vinyl chloride-exposed workers and 107 nonexposed workers to determine chromosomal damage. The polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technique were used to detect nine Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the apoptosis process related genes.
  
  
  
  There was a highly significant dose-response relationship between vinyl chloride exposure and chromosomal damage. Individuals carrying the variant heterozygote MDM2 -309T > G (rs2279744) and variant homozygote BCL2 -938C > A (rs2279115) were at higher risk for chromosomal damage compared with their wild-type genotype, respectively. Although individuals possessing the variant genotype of BAX -248G > A (rs4645878) had decreased risk compared with the corresponding wild type, this did not reach statistical significant.
  
  
  
  Genetic polymorphisms in genes related to apoptosis process may have an impact on chromosomal damage induced by vinyl chloride. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:39-45, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Nannan
authors: N
authors: Feng
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Guoqiao
authors: G
authors: Zheng
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Yanhui
authors: Y
authors: Hao
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Yandan
authors: Y
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Xiaowen
authors: X
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Guanghui
authors: G
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Jinwei
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA.
authors: Yongliang
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA.
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Brandt-Rauf
authors: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and Key laboratory of public health and safety of Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors: Zhao-Lin
authors: ZL
authors: Xia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000235:genetics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D014752:Vinyl Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D055815:Young Adult; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C494826:BAX protein, human; C000595707:BCL2 protein, human; D009153:Mutagens; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D014752:Vinyl Chloride
keywords: apoptotic gene; chromosomal damage; polymorphism; vinyl chloride exposure