title: Proteomics Identification of Potential Candidates Involved in Cell Proliferation for Early Stage of Brain Regeneration in the Adult Zebrafish.
abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) of the non-mammalian vertebrates has better neuroregenerative capability as compared with the mammalian CNS. Regeneration of habenula was observed 40 days after damage in zebrafish. During the early stage of regeneration, we found a significant increase of apoptotic cells on day-1 post-damage and of proliferative cells on day-3 post-damage. To identify the molecular factor(s) involved in the early stages of neuroregeneration, differentially expressed proteins during sham, 20- and 40-h post-habenula damage were investigated by proteomic approach by using two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-of-Flight (MALDI-ToF) and tandem mass spectrometry. Protein profiles revealed 17 differentially (>1.5-fold) expressed proteins: 10 upregulated, 4 downregulated, 2 proteins were found to be downregulated at the early stage but upregulated at a later stage, and 1 protein was found to be upregulated at 2 different time points. All proteins identified can be summarized under few molecular processes involved in the early stages of neuroregeneration in zebrafish CNS: apoptosis regulation (Wnt inhibitory factor 1 [WIF1]), neuroprotection (metallothionein), cell proliferation (Spred2, ependymin, Lhx1, and Wnts), differentiation (Spred2, Lhx9, and Wnts), and morphogenesis (cytoplasmic actins and draculin). These protein profiling results suggest that drastic molecular changes occur in the neuroregenerative process during this period, which includes cell proliferation, differentiation, and protection.
authors: 1 Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Science, Monash University Malaysia , Bandar Sunway, Malaysia .
authors: Fei Tieng
authors: FT
authors: Lim
authors: 1 Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Science, Monash University Malaysia , Bandar Sunway, Malaysia .
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Ogawa
authors: 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia .
authors: A Ian
authors: AI
authors: Smith
authors: 1 Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Science, Monash University Malaysia , Bandar Sunway, Malaysia .
authors: Ishwar S
authors: IS
authors: Parhar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012038:Regeneration; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: BrdU; DIGE; habenula; neurogenesis