title: Effects of maternal silver acetate exposure on immune biomarkers in a rodent model.
abstract: Male and female rats (26-day old) were exposed to 0.0, 0.4, 4 or 40 mg/kg body weight silver acetate (AgAc) in drinking water for 10 weeks prior to and during mating. Sperm positive females remained within their dose groups and were exposed to AgAc during gestation and lactation. Splenic and thymic lymphocyte subsets from F1 generation PD (postnatal day) 4 and 26 pups were assessed by flow cytometry for changes in phenotypic markers. Spleens from PD4 pups had lower percentages of CD8+lymphocytes in 4 and 40 mg/kg AgAc exposed groups and reduced Concanavalin A (Con A) response at all AgAc exposure groups. Splenic maturation increased in PD26 pups compared to PD4 pups. Con A and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediated splenic responses were lower in PD26 pups exposed to 40 mg/kg AgAc. Changes in PD 26 pup splenocyte phenotypic markers included lower TCR + cells at 4 and 40 mg/kg AgAc exposure and higher B cell population in the 40 mg/kg AgAc. PD26 pup splenic natural killer cell (NK) activity was higher in the 0.4 AgAc group and unchanged in 4 and 40 mg/kg AgAc groups. In conclusion, maternal exposure to AgAc had a significant impact on rat splenic development during the early lactation period.
authors: Division of Virulence Assessment, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, CFSAN, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, United States. Electronic address: uma.babu@fda.hhs.gov.
authors: Uma S
authors: US
authors: Babu
authors: Division of Virulence Assessment, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, CFSAN, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, United States.
authors: Kannan V
authors: KV
authors: Balan
authors: Division of Virulence Assessment, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, CFSAN, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, United States.
authors: Elmer
authors: E
authors: Bigley
authors: Division of Virulence Assessment, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, CFSAN, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, United States.
authors: Marion
authors: M
authors: Pereira
authors: Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, CFSAN, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, United States.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Black
authors: Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, CFSAN, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, United States.
authors: Nicholas
authors: N
authors: Olejnik
authors: Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, CFSAN, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, United States.
authors: Zachary
authors: Z
authors: Keltner
authors: Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, CFSAN, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, United States.
authors: Robert L
authors: RL
authors: Sprando
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects*; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced*; D051381:Rats; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018030:Silver Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D015415:Biomarkers; D018030:Silver Compounds; C103100:silver acetate
keywords: Immune biomarkers; Maternal exposure; Natural killer cell activity; Rodent model; Silver acetate