title: The Essentials of Parathyroid Hormone Venous Sampling.
abstract: Hyperparathyroidism is an excess of parathyroid hormone in the blood due to over-activity of one or more parathyroid gland. Localization of abnormal glands with noninvasive imaging modalities, such as technetium sestamibi scan and cross-sectional imaging, has a high success rate. Parathyroid venous sampling is performed for patients with persistent or recurrent disease after previous parathyroid surgery, when repeat noninvasive imaging studies are negative or discordant. The success of invasive localization studies and results interpretation is dependent on the interventional radiologist's understanding of the normal and ectopic anatomic locations of parathyroid glands, as well as their blood supply and venous drainage. Anatomic and technical considerations for selective parathyroid venous sampling are reviewed.
authors: Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Bedros
authors: B
authors: Taslakian
authors: Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Scott O
authors: SO
authors: Trerotola
authors: Department of Interventional Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Sacks
authors: Department of Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors: Rahmi
authors: R
authors: Oklu
authors: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA. deipolya@mskcc.org.
authors: Amy
authors: A
authors: Deipolyi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone
keywords: Hyperparathyroidism; Interventional radiology; Parathyroid hormone; Parathyroid venous sampling; Primary hyperparathyroidism; Selective venous sampling