title: Genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of Bactrian camels shown by mitochondrial sequence variations.
abstract: The Bactrian camel includes various domestic (Camelus bactrianus) and wild (Camelus ferus) breeds that are important for transportation and for their nutritional value. However, there is a lack of extensive information on their genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure. Here, we studied these parameters by examining an 809-bp mtDNA fragment from 113 individuals, representing 11 domestic breeds, one wild breed and two hybrid individuals. We found 15 different haplotypes, and the phylogenetic analysis suggests that domestic and wild Bactrian camels have two distinct lineages. The analysis of molecular variance placed most of the genetic variance (90.14%, P < 0.01) between wild and domestic camel lineages, suggesting that domestic and wild Bactrian camel do not have the same maternal origin. The analysis of domestic Bactrian camels from different geographical locations found there was no significant genetic divergence in China, Russia and Mongolia. This suggests a strong gene flow due to wide movement of domestic Bactrian camels.
authors: Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018 Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Ming
authors: Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018 Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Yi
authors: Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018 Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Sa
authors: Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018 Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
authors: Z X
authors: ZX
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018 Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.|Camel Research Institute of Inner Mongolia, 737300 Alashan, Inner Mongolia, China.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Ji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000835:Animals, Wild; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002162:Camelus / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny
keywords: 
  Camelus bactrianus
  ; 
  Camelus ferus
  ; mitochondrial DNA; phylogeography