title: No difference in acute effects of supplemental v. dietary calcium on blood pressure and microvascular function in obese women challenged with a high-fat meal: a cross-over randomised study.
abstract: Recent studies suggest that supplemental Ca (SC) increases the risk of cardiovascular events, whereas dietary Ca (DC) decreases the risk of cardiovascular events. Although frequently consumed with meals, it remains unclear whether Ca can mitigate or aggravate the deleterious effects of a high-fat meal on cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SC or DC on blood pressure (BP) and microvascular function (MVF) in the postprandial period in obese women challenged with a high-fat meal. In this cross-over controlled trial, sixteen obese women aged 20-50 years were randomly assigned to receive three test meals (2908 kJ (695 kcal); 48 % fat): high DC (HDCM; 547 mg DC), high SC (HSCM; 500 mg SC-calcium carbonate) and low Ca (LCM; 42 mg DC). BP was continuously evaluated from 15 min before to 120 min after meals by digital photoplethysmography. Before and 120 min after meals, participants underwent evaluation of serum Ca and microvascular flow after postocclusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) by laser speckle contrast imaging. Ionised serum Ca rose significantly only after HSCM. Systolic BP increased after the three meals, whereas diastolic BP increased after LCM and HDCM. Hyperaemia peak, hyperaemia amplitude and AUC evaluated after PORH decreased with LCM. After HDCM, there was a reduction in hyperaemia peak and hyperaemia amplitude, whereas HSCM decreased only hyperaemia peak. However, comparative analyses of the effects of three test meals on serum Ca, BP and MVF revealed no significant meal×time interaction. This study suggests that in obese women SC and DC do not interfere with the effects of a high-fat meal on BP and MVF.
authors: 1Discipline of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology,Rio de Janeiro State University,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors: Thaís da Silva
authors: TD
authors: Ferreira
authors: 1Discipline of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology,Rio de Janeiro State University,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors: Priscila Mansur
authors: PM
authors: Leal
authors: 1Discipline of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology,Rio de Janeiro State University,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors: Vanessa Parada
authors: VP
authors: Antunes
authors: 1Discipline of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology,Rio de Janeiro State University,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors: Antonio Felipe
authors: AF
authors: Sanjuliani
authors: 3Department of Applied Nutrition,Nutrition Institute,Rio de Janeiro State University,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors: Márcia Regina Simas Torres
authors: MR
authors: Klein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003611:Dairy Products; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D055806:Microvessels / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D002118:Calcium
keywords:  BP blood pressure;  CVC cutaneous vascular conductance;  HDCM high dietary calcium meals;  HSCM high supplemental calcium meals;  LCM low-calcium meals;  PTH parathyroid hormone; Blood pressure; Calcium supplements; Dairy products; Microvascular function