title: Ultrasonic enhancement of lipase-catalysed transesterification for biodiesel synthesis.
abstract: The production of biodiesel was carried out from canola oil and methanol catalysed by lipase from Candida rugosa under different ultrasonic experimental conditions using horn (20kHz) and plate (22, 44, 98 and 300kHz) transducers. The effects of experimental conditions such as horn tip diameter, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency and enzyme concentrations on biodiesel yield were investigated. The results showed that the application of ultrasound decreased the reaction time from 22-24h to 1.5h with the use of 3.5cm ultrasonic horn, an applied power of 40W, methanol to oil molar ratio of 5:1 and enzyme concentration of 0.23wt/wt% of oil. Low intensity ultrasound is efficient and a promising tool for the enzyme catalysed biodiesel synthesis as higher intensities tend to inactivate the enzyme and reduce its efficiency.
authors: School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Sukhvir Kaur
authors: SK
authors: Bhangu
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India.
authors: Shweta
authors: S
authors: Gupta
authors: School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia. Electronic address: masho@unimelb.edu.au.
authors: Muthupandian
authors: M
authors: Ashokkumar
mesh_terms: D055162:Biocatalysis; D056804:Biofuels; D002175:Candida / Q000201:enzymology; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004951:Esterification; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D008049:Lipase
keywords: Biodiesel; Lipase; Transesterification; Ultrasound