title: Potentially harmful elements in house dust from Estarreja, Portugal: characterization and genotoxicity of the bioaccessible fraction.
abstract: Due to their behavioral characteristics, young children are vulnerable to the ingestion of indoor dust, often contaminated with chemicals that are potentially harmful. Exposure to potentially harmful elements (PHEs) is currently exacerbated by their widespread use in several industrial, agricultural, domestic and technological applications. PHEs cause adverse health effects on immune and nervous systems and can lead to cancer development via genotoxic mechanisms. The present study is an integrated approach that aims at assessing the genotoxicity of bioaccessible PHEs following ingestion of contaminated house dust. A multidisciplinary methodology associating chemical characterization of five house dust samples, extraction of the bioaccessible PHEs in gastric extracts by the unified BARGE method, determination of the bioaccessible fraction and in vitro genotoxicity of gastric extracts in adenocarcinoma gastric human (AGS) cells was developed. The five gastric extracts induced dose-dependent genotoxicity in AGS cells. Copper (bioaccessible concentration up to 111 mg/kg) was probably the prevalent PHE inducing primary DNA damage (up to 5.1-fold increase in tail DNA at 0.53 g/l of gastric extract). Lead (bioaccessible concentration up to 245 mg/kg) was the most prevalent PHE inducing chromosome-damaging effects (r = 0.55; p < 0.001 for micronucleated cells induction). The association of principal component analysis and Spearman's correlations was decisive to understand the chromosome-damaging properties of the bioaccessible PHEs in AGS cells. This methodology could be used on a larger-scale study to provide useful information for science-based decision-making in regulatory policies, and a better estimation of human exposure and associated health risks.
authors: Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Plumejeaud
authors: GEOBIOTEC, Departmento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors: Amelia Paula
authors: AP
authors: Reis
authors: Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
authors: Virginie
authors: V
authors: Tassistro
authors: GEOBIOTEC, Departmento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors: Carla
authors: C
authors: Patinha
authors: Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CEREGE UM34, 13545, Aix-en-Provence, France.
authors: Yves
authors: Y
authors: Noack
authors: Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France. thierry.orsiere@imbe.fr.
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Orsière
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D011174:Portugal; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D008670:Metals; D009153:Mutagens
keywords: Alkaline comet assay; Bioaccessibility; Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay; Genotoxicity; House dust; Unified BARGE method