title: A systematic review on the treatment of phantom limb pain with spinal cord stimulation.
abstract: Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a challenging chronic pain syndrome to treat with pharmacologic agents being first line of management. However, when these agents fail to provide pain relief, other interventions must be considered in a clinical setting. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been shown to provide analgesia in PLP, and should be considered by clinicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  This PRISMA systematic review analyzes the efficacy of SCS for treatment of PLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After review of 12 studies, there are mixed results to base a conclusion on.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While there is some evidence of efficacy, due to the relatively small number of patients in each study, further research is needed to demonstrate the benefits of SCS for PLP.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell Health, Staten Island University Hospital, New York City, NY, USA.
authors: Rohit
authors: R
authors: Aiyer
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Family Medicine & Pharmacology, Rush Medical College, Northshore University HealthSystem, Evanston & Skokie Hospital, Evanston, IL, USA.
authors: Robert L
authors: RL
authors: Barkin
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Hofstra Northwell Health, Staten Island University Hospital, New York City, NY, USA.
authors: Anurag
authors: A
authors: Bhatia
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA.
authors: Semih
authors: S
authors: Gungor
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010591:Phantom Limb / Q000628:therapy*; D062187:Spinal Cord Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: neuromodulation; phantom pain; spinal cord stimulation