title: A Multifunctional Sensor in Ternary Solution Using Canonical Correlations for Variable Links Assessment.
abstract: Accurately measuring the oil content and salt content of crude oil is very important for both estimating oil reserves and predicting the lifetime of an oil well. There are some problems with the current methods such as high cost, low precision, and difficulties in operation. To solve these problems, we present a multifunctional sensor, which applies, respectively, conductivity method and ultrasound method to measure the contents of oil, water, and salt. Based on cross sensitivity theory, these two transducers are ideally integrated for simplifying the structure. A concentration test of ternary solutions is carried out to testify its effectiveness, and then Canonical Correlation Analysis is applied to evaluate the data. From the perspective of statistics, the sensor inputs, for instance, oil concentration, salt concentration, and temperature, are closely related to its outputs including output voltage and time of flight of ultrasound wave, which further identify the correctness of the sensing theory and the feasibility of the integrated design. Combined with reconstruction algorithms, the sensor can realize the content measurement of the solution precisely. The potential development of the proposed sensor and method in the aspect of online test for crude oil is of important reference and practical value.
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Electrical Engineering & Automation, Harbin 150001, China. liudan@hit.edu.cn.
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Liu
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Electrical Engineering & Automation, Harbin 150001, China. wangqisong@hit.edu.cn.
authors: Qisong
authors: Q
authors: Wang
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin 150090, China. xinliu@hit.edu.cn.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA. rniu@vcu.edu.
authors: Ruixin
authors: R
authors: Niu
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Electrical Engineering & Automation, Harbin 150001, China. zyhit@hit.edu.cn.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Electrical Engineering & Automation, Harbin 150001, China. jwsun@hit.edu.cn.
authors: Jinwei
authors: J
authors: Sun
keywords: canonical correlation analysis; content measurement; multifunctional sensor; ternary solution