title: Extracorporeal lung support.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The applications for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for lung support are constantly evolving. This review highlights fundamental concepts in extracorporeal lung support and describes directions for future research.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Since the 1950s, extracorporeal lung support has experienced continuous advancements in circuit design and safety in acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, as a bridge to transplantation, intraoperative cardiopulmonary support, and for transportation to referral centers. Patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are now capable of being awake, extubated, and ambulatory for accelerated recovery or optimization for transplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extracorporeal lung support is a safe and an easily implemented intervention for refractory respiratory failure. Recent advances have extended its use beyond acute illnesses and the developments for chronic support will facilitate the development of durable devices and possible artificial lung development.
authors: aColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons bDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Salna
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Bacchetta
mesh_terms: D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000266:history* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000628:therapy; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D014187:Transportation of Patients / Q000379:methods