title: Degree of Enhancement on Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) and Lesion Type on Mammography (MG): Comparison Based on Histological Results.
abstract: BACKGROUND Contrast enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is a new method of breast cancer diagnosis in which an iodinated contrast agent is injected and dual-energy mammography is obtained in multiple views of the breasts. The aim of this study was to compare the degree of enhancement on CESM with lesion characteristics on mammography (MG) and lesion histology in women with suspicious breast lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS The degree of enhancement on CESM (absent, weak, medium, or strong) was compared to lesion characteristics on MG (mass, mass with microcalcifications, or microcalcifications alone) and histology (infiltrating carcinoma, intraductal carcinoma, or benign) to compare sensitivity of the two modalities and to establish correlations that might improve diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS Among 225 lesions identified with CESM and MG, histological evaluation revealed 143 carcinomas (127 infiltrating, 16 intraductal) and 82 benign lesions. This is the largest cohort investigated with CESM to date. The sensitivity of CESM was higher than that of MG (100% and 90%, respectively, p=0.010). Medium or strong enhancement on CESM and the presence of a mass on MG was the most likely indictor of malignancy (55.1% p=0.002). Among benign lesions, 60% presented as enhancement on CESM (were false-positive), and most frequently as medium or weak enhancement, together with a mass on MG (53%, p=0.047). Unfortunately, the study did not find combinations of MG findings and CESM enhancement patterns that would be helpful in defining false-positive lesions. We observed systematic overestimation of maximum lesion diameter on CESM compared to histology (mean difference: 2.29 mm). CONCLUSIONS Strong or medium enhancement on CESM and mass or mass with microcalcifications on MG were strong indicators of malignant transformation. However, we found no combination of MG and CESM characteristics helpful in defining false-positive lesions.
authors: Department of Radiology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.
authors: Elżbieta
authors: E
authors: Łuczyńska
authors: Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Niemiec
authors: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors: Edward
authors: E
authors: Hendrick
authors: Department of Radiology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.
authors: Sylwia
authors: S
authors: Heinze
authors: Department of Urology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.
authors: Janusz
authors: J
authors: Jaszczyński
authors: Oncology Clinic and Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.
authors: Jerzy
authors: J
authors: Jakubowicz
authors: Oncology Clinic and Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.
authors: Beata
authors: B
authors: Sas-Korczyńska
authors: Department of Tumour Pathology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.
authors: Janusz
authors: J
authors: Rys
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media