title: Expression of immune genes in skin of channel catfish immunized with live theronts of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate differential expression of innate and adaptive immune genes, including immunoglobulin, immune cell receptor, cytokine, inflammatory protein, toll-like receptors (TLR) and recombination-activating gene (RAG) in skin from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus after immunization with live theronts of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) by intraperitoneal injection. The immunized catfish showed significantly higher survival rate (95%) than those of mock-immunized control fish (0% survival) after the theront challenge. The gene expression of innate immune system, such as cytokines (IL-1β type a, IL-1β type b, IFN-γ, TGF1-β and TNF-α) and inflammatory proteins (NF-kB and iNOS 2), showed significant upregulation at day 1 (D1) post-immunization. Expression of TLR genes exhibited a rapid increase from hour 4 (h4) to D10 post-immunization. Genes of the adaptive response, such as the cell receptor MHC I, CD8+, CD4+and TCR-α, showed upregulation at D1, D6 and D10. The TCR-β expression increased rapidly at h4 and remained upregulated until D10. Immunoglobulin IgM upregulation was detected from h4 until D2 while IgD expression was increased from D1 until D10. Rapid upregulation of innate and adaptive immune genes in skin of catfish following live theront vaccination was demonstrated in this study ultimately resulting in significant protection against Ich infection.
authors: Laboratory of Parasitology, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil.
authors: G S A
authors: GS
authors: Moreira
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, Auburn, AL, USA.
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Shoemaker
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, Auburn, AL, USA.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Zhang
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, Auburn, AL, USA.
authors: D-H
authors: 0000-0002-9920-004X
authors: DH
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D016770:Ciliophora Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D016803:Hymenostomatida / Q000276:immunology*; D007059:Ictaluridae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D007114:Immunization / Q000662:veterinary; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: adaptive response; fish; immunization; innate response; parasite