title: Estrogen variation during the menstrual cycle does not influence left ventricular diastolic function and untwisting rate in premenopausal women.
abstract: Although a cardioprotective effect of estrogen has been suggested by experimental studies, clinical data on the influence of estrogen on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function are sparse. The LV untwisting rate obtained by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) is correlated with the time constant of LV pressure decay (tau), and this correlation is independent of left atrial pressure. Therefore, we used conventional Doppler echocardiography and 2D-STE to investigate changes in LV diastolic function during a single menstrual cycle in premenopausal women.
  
  
  
  Twenty healthy premenopausal woman (mean age, 28.1±2.7 years) were enrolled. Clinical and echocardiographic data were obtained during the follicular phase (F-phase) and luteal phase (L-phase) of a single menstrual cycle. We compared the clinical and echocardiographic data, and estrogen levels between the two phases.
  
  
  
  There were no significant differences in LV diastolic parameters derived from Doppler echocardiography (E/A, p=0.295; E/e', p=0.449, DcT, p=0.178) or 2D-STE (peak untwisting rate, p=0.892; time-to-peak untwisting, p=0.951) between the two phases of the menstrual cycle. However, there was a significant decrease in estrogen levels between the F- and L-phases (177±119pg/ml vs. 35±12pg/ml, p<0.0001).
  
  
  
  LV diastolic function in healthy premenopausal women did not significantly change during the menstrual cycle. Estrogen does not appear to have a significant acute effect on LV diastolic function in premenopausal woman.
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kuniaki
authors: K
authors: Hirose
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: daimon@muf.biglobe.ne.jp.
authors: Masao
authors: M
authors: Daimon
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Sakiko
authors: S
authors: Miyazaki
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Shuo-Ju
authors: SJ
authors: Chiang
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Ryoko
authors: R
authors: Morimoto-Ichikawa
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Maruyama
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Kawata
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hirotoshi
authors: H
authors: Ohmura
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Daida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003971:Diastole; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens
keywords: Diastolic function; Echocardiography; Estrogen; Menstrual cycle; Premenopausal woman