title: Changes in Resilience Predict Function in Adults With Physical Disabilities: A Longitudinal Study.
abstract: (1) To determine if resilience exhibits similar stability across time as depression, fatigue, and sleep quality; and (2) to determine if changes in resilience over a period of 1 year are associated with changes in depression, fatigue, sleep quality, and physical function over the same time period.
  
  
  
  Observational longitudinal survey study with measures administered 2 times, 1 year apart.
  
  
  
  Community-based population sample.
  
  
  
  Adults with physical disabilities (N=893).
  
  
  
  Not applicable.
  
  
  
  Primary outcomes were measures of resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), fatigue (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Fatigue Short Form), sleep quality (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance), and physical function (8-item PROMIS Physical Functioning).
  
  
  
  Resilience (r=.71, P<.001) exhibited similar stability over 1 year to depression (r=.71, P<.001), fatigue (r=.79, P<.001), and sleep quality (r=.68, P<.001). A decrease in resilience was associated with an increase in depression (F1,885=70.23; P<.001; R2=.54) and fatigue (F1,885=25.66; P<.001; R2=.64), and an increase in resilience was associated with improved sleep quality (F1,885=30.76; P<.001; R2=.48) and physical function (F1,885=16.90; P<.001; R2=.86) over a period of 1 year, while controlling for age, sex, and diagnosis.
  
  
  
  Resilience exhibits similar test-retest stability as other important domains that are often treatment targets. Changes in resilience were associated with changes in depression, fatigue, sleep quality, and physical functioning over the course of 1 year. Further longitudinal and experimental research is warranted to investigate the potential causal effect of changes in resilience on quality of life in individuals with physical disabilities.
authors: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors: Karlyn A
authors: KA
authors: Edwards
authors: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors: Kevin A
authors: KA
authors: Alschuler
authors: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors: Dawn M
authors: DM
authors: Ehde
authors: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors: Samuel L
authors: SL
authors: Battalio
authors: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Electronic address: mjensen@uw.edu.
authors: Mark P
authors: MP
authors: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011788:Quality of Life; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Physiology; Quality of life; Rehabilitation