title: Simultaneous delivery of antibiotics neomycin and ampicillin in drinking water inhibits fermentation of resistant starch in rats.
abstract: Antibiotics ampicillin 1 g/L and neomycin 0.5 g/L were added to drinking water before or during feeding of resistant starch (RS) to rats to inhibit fermentation.
  
  
  
  In a preliminary study, antibiotics and no RS were given prior to rats receiving a transplant of cecal contents via gavage from donor rats fed RS (without antibiotics) or a water gavage before feeding resistant starch to both groups. Antibiotics given prior to feeding RS did not prevent later fermentation of RS regardless of either type of gavage. In the second study, antibiotics were given simultaneously with feeding of RS. This resulted in inhibition of fermentation of RS with cecal contents pH >8 and low amounts of acetate and butyrate. Rats treated with antibiotics had reduced Bifidobacteria spp., but similar Bacteroides spp. to control groups to reduce acetate and butyrate and preserve the production of propionate. Despite reduced fermentation, rats given antibiotics had increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and cecum size, measures that are usually associated with fermentation.
  
  
  
  A simultaneous delivery of antibiotics inhibited fermentation of RS. However, increased GLP-1 and cecum size would be confounding effects in assessing the mechanism for beneficial effects of dietary RS by knocking out fermentation.
authors: Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
authors: Diana G
authors: DG
authors: Carvajal-Aldaz
authors: School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Justin L
authors: JL
authors: Guice
authors: School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Ryan C
authors: RC
authors: Page
authors: School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Anne M
authors: AM
authors: Raggio
authors: Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, Western USDA Center, Davis, CA, USA.
authors: Roy J
authors: RJ
authors: Martin
authors: Department of Entomology, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Husseneder
authors: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Holiday A
authors: HA
authors: Durham
authors: Department of Experimental Statistics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Geaghan
authors: School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Marlene
authors: M
authors: Janes
authors: AgCenter Biotechnology Lab, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Ted
authors: T
authors: Gauthier
authors: School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Coulon
authors: School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Keenan
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000187:drug effects; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002432:Cecum / Q000737:chemistry; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D009355:Neomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013213:Starch / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D060766:Drinking Water; D000667:Ampicillin; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D013213:Starch; D009355:Neomycin
keywords: Antibiotics; Fermentation; Glucagon-like peptide 1; Resistant starch; Short-chain fatty acids