title: Robust Ferromagnetism of Chromium Nanoparticles Formed in Superfluid Helium.
abstract: Chromium nanoparticles are formed using superfluid helium droplets as the nanoreactors, which are strongly ferromagnetic. The transition from antiferromagentism to ferromagnetism is attributed to atomic-scale disorder in chromium nanoparticles, leading to abundant unbalanced surface spins. Theoretical modeling confirms a frustrated aggregation process in superfluid helium due to the antiferromagnetic nature of chromium.
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
authors: Shengfu
authors: S
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
authors: Cheng
authors: C
authors: Feng
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Spence
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
authors: Aula M A A
authors: AM
authors: Al Hindawi
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
authors: Elspeth
authors: E
authors: Latimer
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
authors: Andrew M
authors: AM
authors: Ellis
authors: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
authors: Chris
authors: C
authors: Binns
authors: Institute of Structure of Matter, National Research Council (CNR), 00015, Monterotondo Scalo, Italy.
authors: Davide
authors: D
authors: Peddis
authors: Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.
authors: Sarnjeet S
authors: SS
authors: Dhesi
authors: School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Liying
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Yafei
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 153 10, Aghia, Greece.
authors: Kalliopi N
authors: KN
authors: Trohidou
authors: Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 153 10, Aghia, Greece.
authors: Marianna
authors: M
authors: Vasilakaki
authors: Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 153 10, Aghia, Greece.|Department of Physics, Aristotle University, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors: Nikolaos
authors: N
authors: Ntallis
authors: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: MacLaren
authors: Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Frank M F
authors: FM
authors: de Groot
keywords: Monte Carlo simulations; X-ray circular dichroism (XMCD); chromium nanoparticles; ferromagnetism; superfluid helium droplets