title: Testing of Schefflera vinosa extract in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo for potential toxicity, genetic damage, and role of oxidation.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of a hydroethanolic extract of Schefflera vinosa (SV), a plant with schistosomicidal activity, as well as its influence on DNA damage induced by different mutagens, methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in V79 cells and Swiss mice. Schefflera vinosa extract produced cytotoxicity at concentrations of 312.5 µg/ml or higher using the XTT cell proliferation assay kit. Treatment of V79 cell cultures with the highest SV concentration tested (150 µg/ml) significantly increased the frequency of micronuclei (MN) compared to controls. All SV concentrations significantly reduced the frequency of MN induced by hydrogen peroxide in V79 cell cultures. Further, SV was able to scavenge free radicals in the DPPH assay. In the in vivo test system, treatment with the highest dose tested (1,000 mg/kg body weight) induced a significant rise in frequency of DNA damage using the comet assay. However, animals treated with different doses of SV demonstrated absence of genotoxicity in the bone marrow MN test. For assessment of modulatory effects, the lower concentration of SV (250 mg/kg body weight) administered to MMS-treated mice significantly reduced frequency of DNA damage compared to the positive control (MMS alone). In contrast, the highest concentration tested (1,000 mg/kg body weight) significantly increased the rate of MN induced by MMS. The lack of genotoxic damage at biologically relevant SV concentrations, as well as the SV-mediated antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities, indicate the potential therapeutic usefulness of this plant extract. These activities may be attributed, at least in part, to the flavonoid quercitrin, its major component.
authors: a University of Franca , Franca , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors: Natália Helen
authors: NH
authors: Ferreira
authors: a University of Franca , Franca , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors: Kelly Jacqueline Barbosa
authors: KJ
authors: de Andrade
authors: a University of Franca , Franca , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors: Luís Fernando
authors: LF
authors: Leandro
authors: a University of Franca , Franca , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors: Nathália Oliveira
authors: NO
authors: Acésio
authors: a University of Franca , Franca , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors: Suzana Amorim
authors: SA
authors: Mendes
authors: a University of Franca , Franca , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors: Lucas Silva
authors: LS
authors: Cintra
authors: a University of Franca , Franca , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors: Ana Helena
authors: AH
authors: Januário
authors: a University of Franca , Franca , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors: Denise Crispim
authors: DC
authors: Tavares
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D027481:Araliaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D016466:CHO Cells; D020552:Comet Assay; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D003603:Cytotoxins; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide