title: Differential proteomics reveals novel insights into Nosema-honey bee interactions.
abstract: Host manipulation is a common strategy by parasites to reduce host defense responses, enhance development, host exploitation, reproduction and, ultimately, transmission success. As these parasitic modifications can reduce host fitness, increased selection pressure may result in reciprocal adaptations of the host. Whereas the majority of studies on host manipulation have explored resistance against parasites (i.e. ability to prevent or limit an infection), data describing tolerance mechanisms (i.e. ability to limit harm of an infection) are scarce. By comparing differential protein abundance, we provide evidence of host-parasite interactions in the midgut proteomes of N. ceranae-infected and uninfected honey bees from both Nosema-tolerant and Nosema-sensitive lineages. We identified 16 proteins out of 661 protein spots that were differentially abundant between experimental groups. In general, infections of Nosema resulted in an up-regulation of the bee's energy metabolism. Additionally, we identified 8 proteins that were differentially abundant between tolerant and sensitive honey bees regardless of the Nosema infection. Those proteins were linked to metabolism, response to oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition to bee proteins, we also identified 3 Nosema ceranae proteins. Interestingly, abundance of two of these Nosema proteins were significantly higher in infected Nosema-sensitive honeybees relative to the infected Nosema-tolerant lineage. This may provide a novel candidate for studying the molecular interplay between N. ceranae and its honey bee host in more detail.
authors: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institute for Biology/Molecular Ecology, Hoher Weg 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; The University of Western Australia, Centre for Integrative Bee Research (CIBER) and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Bayliss Building (M316), Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Pennsylvania State University, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, W249 Millennium Science Complex, University Park, PA 16802, United States. Electronic address: christoph.kurze@zoologie.uni-halle.de.
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Kurze
authors: The University of Western Australia, Centre for Integrative Bee Research (CIBER) and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Bayliss Building (M316), Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
authors: Ryan
authors: R
authors: Dosselli
authors: The University of Western Australia, Centre for Integrative Bee Research (CIBER) and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Bayliss Building (M316), Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Grassl
authors: INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France.
authors: Yves
authors: Y
authors: Le Conte
authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology/Section of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Flakkebjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark.
authors: Per
authors: P
authors: Kryger
authors: The University of Western Australia, Centre for Integrative Bee Research (CIBER) and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Bayliss Building (M316), Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Baer
authors: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institute for Biology/Molecular Ecology, Hoher Weg 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Institute for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Bio City, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; University of Pretoria, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
authors: Robin F A
authors: RF
authors: Moritz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D016818:Nosema / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D020543:Proteome
keywords: Apis mellifera; Coevolution; Host-parasite interaction; Nosema ceranae; Proteome; Tolerance