title: Baicalein protects against oxLDL-caused oxidative stress and inflammation by modulation of AMPK-alpha.
abstract: Atherosclerosis is considered to be a form of chronic inflammation and a disorder of lipid metabolism. Oxidative transformations in the lipid and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) constituent of low density lipoprotein drive the initial step in atherogenesis due to macrophage scavenger receptors identify oxidized LDL (oxLDL) but non-oxidized LDL. The human vascular endothelial cells fact a critical role in vasodilation, provides a nonadhesive surface for circulation, reduces vascular smooth muscle proliferation, inflammation, thrombus formation and platelet aggregation. Assembly of oxLDL contribute to stimulation of endothelial cells with up-regulation of adhesion molecules, increase oxidative stress to the vascular endothelium and inhibition of NO-mediated vasodilation. When adhesion molecules are over-expressed on the surface of endothelial cells under oxLDL stimulation, it will recruit monocytes to the arterial wall. Then adherent monocytes will migrate into the subendothelial space and subsequently differentiate into macrophages. In the subendothelial space, oxLDL will be taken up by macrophages, thereby causing the substantial cholesterol accumulation and the foam cells production.
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Kun-Ling
authors: KL
authors: Tsai
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.|Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Ching-Hsia
authors: CH
authors: Hung
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Shih-Hung
authors: SH
authors: Chan
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Jhih-Yuan
authors: JY
authors: Shih
authors: Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Yung-Hsin
authors: YH
authors: Cheng
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Yi-Ju
authors: YJ
authors: Tsai
authors: Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.|Department of Physical Therapy, Shu-Zen Junior College Of Medicine And Management, Taiwan.
authors: Huei-Chen
authors: HC
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Pei-Ming
authors: PM
authors: Chu
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D044950:Flavanones; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; C006680:baicalein; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Gerotarget; ROS; atherosclerosis; baicalein; endothelial cells; lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1