title: Unraveling the early molecular and physiological mechanisms involved in response to phenanthrene exposure.
abstract: Higher plants have to cope with increasing concentrations of pollutants of both natural and anthropogenic origin. Given their capacity to concentrate and metabolize various compounds including pollutants, plants can be used to treat environmental problems - a process called phytoremediation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the stabilization, the extraction, the accumulation and partial or complete degradation of pollutants by plants remain poorly understood.
  
  
  
  Here, we determined the molecular events involved in the early plant response to phenanthrene, used as a model of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A transcriptomic and a metabolic analysis strongly suggest that energy availability is the crucial limiting factor leading to high and rapid transcriptional reprogramming that can ultimately lead to death. We show that the accumulation of phenanthrene in leaves inhibits electron transfer and photosynthesis within a few minutes, probably disrupting energy transformation.
  
  
  
  This kinetic analysis improved the resolution of the transcriptome in the initial plant response to phenanthrene, identifying genes that are involved in primary processes set up to sense and detoxify this pollutant but also in molecular mechanisms used by the plant to cope with such harmful stress. The identification of first events involved in plant response to phenanthrene is a key step in the selection of candidates for further functional characterization, with the prospect of engineering efficient ecological detoxification systems for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
authors: Université de Rennes 1, CNRS/OSUR/UMR 6553, Ecosystèmes-Biodiversité-Evolution, campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 35042, Rennes cedex, France.
authors: Anne-Sophie
authors: AS
authors: Dumas
authors: Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405, Orsay, France.
authors: Ludivine
authors: L
authors: Taconnat
authors: Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405, Orsay, France.|Present Address: Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, AUTH, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors: Evangelos
authors: E
authors: Barbas
authors: Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405, Orsay, France.
authors: Guillem
authors: G
authors: Rigaill
authors: Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR INRA 441/CNRS 2594, CS 52627, 31326, Castanet Tolosan cedex, France.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Catrice
authors: Université de Rennes 1, CNRS/OSUR/UMR 6553, Ecosystèmes-Biodiversité-Evolution, campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 35042, Rennes cedex, France.|Present Address: Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et de Génétique Epidémiologique, INSERM U1078, 46, rue Felix Le Dantec, CS 51819, 29218, Brest Cedex 2, France.
authors: Delphine
authors: D
authors: Bernard
authors: Université d'Angers, UMR 1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Bat ARES, 16 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers cedex, France.
authors: Abdelilah
authors: A
authors: Benamar
authors: Université d'Angers, UMR 1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Bat ARES, 16 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers cedex, France.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Macherel
authors: Université de Rennes 1, CNRS/OSUR/UMR 6553, Ecosystèmes-Biodiversité-Evolution, campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 35042, Rennes cedex, France. abdelhak.el-amrani@univ-rennes1.fr.
authors: Abdelhak
authors: A
authors: El Amrani
authors: Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405, Orsay, France. richard.berthome@toulouse.inra.fr.|Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR INRA 441/CNRS 2594, CS 52627, 31326, Castanet Tolosan cedex, France. richard.berthome@toulouse.inra.fr.
authors: Richard
authors: 0000-0003-4781-6210
authors: R
authors: Berthomé
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D063245:Plant Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D015262:Xenobiotics; C031181:phenanthrene
keywords: Abiotic stress; Arabidopsis; Energy availability; Metabolites; Phenanthrene; Phytoremediation; Transcriptome; Xenome