title: TAFRO Syndrome Associated with EBV and Successful Triple Therapy Treatment: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
abstract: TAFRO syndrome is a rare constellation of symptoms: thrombocytopenia, anasarca, reticulin fibrosis of the bone marrow, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly. Its pathogenesis involves an excessive and inappropriate cytokine storm, most notably from IL-6, causing multiorgan failure; however, its etiology is undetermined. Starting in 2012, TAFRO syndrome was first identified in Japan as an atypical variant of Castleman's disease. Previous reports include various different treatment protocols with inconsistent survival outcomes. Here we report the first known American, EBV positive but HIV and HHV-8 negative, male with TAFRO syndrome. He was successfully treated with an unusual three-drug regimen including tocilizumab, etoposide, and rituximab. We review the literature of TAFRO syndrome, discuss its possible viral etiology, and propose an original treatment regimen.
authors: Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
authors: Malorie
authors: 0000-0001-7552-3883
authors: M
authors: Simons
authors: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
authors: Emmanuel
authors: E
authors: Apor
authors: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
authors: James N
authors: JN
authors: Butera
authors: Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
authors: Diana O
authors: DO
authors: Treaba