title: Higher copeptin levels are associated with worse outcome in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Correlation of increased copeptin levels with various cardiovascular diseases has been described. The clinical use of copeptin levels in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has not been investigated before.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of copeptin levels in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).
  
  
  METHODS
  HCM was defined as presence of left ventricular wall thickness ≥15 mm in a subject without any concomitant disease that may cause left ventricular hypertrophy. Levels of copeptin and plasma N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were evaluated prospectively in 24 obstructive HCM patients, 36 nonobstructive HCM patients, and 36 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Blood samples were collected in the morning between 7 and 9 am after overnight fasting. Patients were followed for 24 months. Hospitalization with diagnosis of heart failure/arrhythmia, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation, and cardiac mortality were accepted as adverse cardiac events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Copeptin and NT-proBNP levels were higher in the HCM group compared with controls (14.1 vs 8.4 pmol/L, P < 0.01; and 383 vs 44 pg/mL, P < 0.01, respectively). Copeptin and NT-proBNP levels were higher in the obstructive HCM subgroup compared with the nonobstructive HCM subgroup (18.3 vs 13.1 pmol/L, P < 0.01; and 717 vs 223 pg/mL, P < 0.01, respectively). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, copeptin and NT-proBNP levels remained as independent predictors of heart failure (P < 0.01 for both) and adverse cardiac events (P < 0.01 for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Copeptin and NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher in patients with obstructive HCM, and higher levels were associated with worse outcome.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Irfan
authors: I
authors: Sahin
authors: Department of Cardiology, Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Baris
authors: B
authors: Gungor
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Berk
authors: B
authors: Ozkaynak
authors: Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Fatih
authors: F
authors: Uzun
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Suat Hayri
authors: SH
authors: Küçük
authors: Department of Cardiology, Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Ilhan Iker
authors: II
authors: Avci
authors: Department of Cardiology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Ender
authors: E
authors: Ozal
authors: Department of Cardiology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Burak
authors: B
authors: Ayça
authors: Department of Cardiology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Sukru
authors: S
authors: Cetın
authors: Department of Cardiology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Ertugrul
authors: E
authors: Okuyan
authors: Department of Cardiology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Mustafa Hakan
authors: MH
authors: Dinckal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality*; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000097:blood*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D011498:Protein Precursors; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006020:Glycopeptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011498:Protein Precursors; C048197:copeptins; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
keywords: Cardiovascular; Heart failure/cardiac transplantation/cardiomyopathy/myocarditis; Imaging; biochemistry; echocardiography