title: Different responses of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial communities to consecutive Piper nigrum L. monoculture.
abstract: Soil microorganisms have important influences on plant growth and health. In this study, four black pepper fields consecutively monocultured for 12, 18, 28 and 38 years were selected for investigating the effect of planting age on rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial communities and soil physicochemical properties. The results revealed that the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial phyla in rhizosphere soil increased considerably with long-term consecutive monoculture but decreased in non-rhizosphere soil with a significant decline in Firmicutes. For fungi, an increasing trend over time was observed in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, with the abundance of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium increasing significantly accompanied by a decrease in the bacteria Pseudomonas and Bacillus that is beneficial for black pepper. Consecutive monoculture, especially for 38 years, considerably decreased soil microbial diversity. Additionally, the rhizosphere soil pH and organic matter and available K contents decreased with increasing planting duration, though available N and P increased. All soil nutrient contents and microbial diversity indices were higher in rhizosphere soil compared to non-rhizosphere soil. The results suggest that long-term consecutive monoculture leads to variations in soil microbial community composition and physicochemical properties in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, thus inhibiting the black pepper growth.
authors: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences &Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture &Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, P. R. China.
authors: Zhigang
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences &Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture &Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, P. R. China.
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Zu
authors: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences &Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture &Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, P. R. China.
authors: Can
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences &Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture &Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, P. R. China.
authors: Jianfeng
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences &Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture &Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, P. R. China.
authors: Huan
authors: H
authors: Yu
authors: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences &Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture &Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, P. R. China.
authors: Huasong
authors: H
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D044822:Biodiversity; D002681:China; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D029222:Piper nigrum; D058441:Rhizosphere; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D012987:Soil