title: Combination of three-gene immunohistochemical panel and magnetic resonance imaging-detected extramural vascular invasion to assess prognosis in non-advanced rectal cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify a small, clinically applicable immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel that could be combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) for assessment of prognosis concerning the non-advanced rectal cancer patients prior to operation.
  
  
  METHODS
  About 329 patients with pathologically confirmed rectal carcinoma (RC) were screened in this research, all of whom had been examinedviaan MRI and were treatment-naïve from July 2011 to July 2014. The candidate proteins that were reported to be altered by RC were examined in tissues by IHC. All chosen samples were adopted from the fundamental cores of histopathologically confirmed carcinomas during the initial surgeries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the three proteins that were tested, c-MYC, PCNA and TIMP1 were detected with relatively significant expression in tumors, 35.9%, 23.7% and 58.7% respectively. The expression of the three proteins were closely connected with prognosis (P= 0.032, 0.003, 0.021). The patients could be classified into different outcome groups according to an IHC panel (P< 0.01)viathese three proteins. Taking into consideration known survival covariates, especially EMVI, the IHC panel served as an independent prognostic factor. The EMVI combined with the IHC panel could categorize patients into different prognostic groups with distinction (P< 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These studies argue that this three-protein panel of c-MYC, PCNA, coupled with TIMP1 combined with MRI-detected EMVI could offer extra prognostic details for preoperative treatment of RC.
authors: Xiao-Fu Li, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The 2 Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Xiao-Fu
authors: XF
authors: Li
authors: Xiao-Fu Li, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The 2 Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Zheng
authors: Z
authors: Jiang
authors: Xiao-Fu Li, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The 2 Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Gao
authors: Xiao-Fu Li, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The 2 Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Chun-Xiang
authors: CX
authors: Li
authors: Xiao-Fu Li, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The 2 Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Bao-Zhong
authors: BZ
authors: Shen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000378:metabolism; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C489427:MYC protein, human; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1
keywords: Extramural vascular invasion; Immunohistochemistry; Magnetic resonance imaging; Prognosis; Rectal cancer