title: Structural transition of kidney cystatin induced by silicon dioxide nanoparticles: An implication for renal diseases.
abstract: Nanotechnology is one of the fastest growing fields of science owing to use of nanomaterials in industries and medicine across the globe. Currently silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) are one of the most popular nanomaterials owing to their inert toxicity profile and hence exposure to SiO2nanoparticles is on the increase. Cystatins are thiol proteinase inhibitors (TPIs) ubiquitously distributed in plants and animals and they are now at the heed of a number of normal and pathological conditions and shouldn't be regarded solely as TPIs. Up till now many studies have targeted the potential toxicity of NPs on pulmonary target; although little focus is given to kidney which is a secondary target organ. The objective of this work is to study the structural changes in buffalo kidney cystatin (BKC) induced by SiO2NPs. UV and Fluorescence spectroscopy shows BKC transformation from native to non-native form evident by decreased absorbance and increased fluorescence. FTIR and CD spectroscopy further confirmed secondary structure disruption of BKC. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and microscopy were resorted to visualize interaction between SiO2NPs and BKC. Comet assay and MTT assay were utilized to perceive the toxicity of SiO2NPs incubated BKC; decreased cell viability clearly suggesting toxicity of SiO2NPs incubated BKC. Our work suggests that SiO2NPs have a deteriorating effect on BKC thereby causing a decrease in its ability to inhibit papain and hence less functionality. This study also shows that BKC transforms to a toxic non-native form in presence of SiO2NPs.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
authors: Anas
authors: A
authors: Shamsi
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
authors: Azaj
authors: A
authors: Ahmed
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India. Electronic address: bbbano17@gmail.com.
authors: Bilqees
authors: B
authors: Bano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002020:Buffaloes; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D015891:Cystatins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009691:Nucleic Acid Denaturation / Q000187:drug effects; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D011485:Protein Binding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015891:Cystatins; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: Buffalo kidney cystatin; Gel filtration chromatography; Nanotechnology; SiO(2) nanoparticles; Toxicity