title: A feasibility study of educational tools for osteomalacia.
abstract: Many people in the UK, particularly people of South Asian origin, are advised to supplement their vitamin D intake, yet most do not. This suggests an unmet educational need. The osteomalacia mind map was developed to meet this need. The mind map contains culturally sensitive images, translated into Urdu and made interactive on a DVD. This study explores the feasibility of a randomised controlled study to measure the effect of education on improving vitamin D knowledge and adherence. This was a pilot and feasibility study. Cluster randomisation was used to avoid inter person contamination. Two South Asian women's groups were recruited to receive information about osteomalacia either by interactive DVD or an Arthritis Research UK leaflet. Knowledge and compliance were tested before and after the educational interventions via a knowledge questionnaire and the measurement of vitamin D and parathormone levels. The groups were found to be mismatched for knowledge, educational attainment and language at baseline. There were also organisational difficulties and possible confounding due to different tutors and translators. The DVD group had high knowledge at baseline which did not improve. The leaflet group had low knowledge at baseline that did improve. The DVD group had lower parathormone which did not change. The leaflet group had an increase in vitamin D but parathormone remained high. Performing a randomised study with this population utilising an educational intervention was difficult to execute. If cluster randomisation is used, extreme care must be taken to match the groups at baseline.
authors: Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, 2nd Floor, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Harehills Lane, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Waxman
authors: Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Adebajo
authors: Northumbria NHS Trust, North Tynside General Hospital, Rake Lane, North Sheilds, NE29 8NH, UK.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Robinson
authors: Northumbria NHS Trust, North Tynside General Hospital, Rake Lane, North Sheilds, NE29 8NH, UK.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Walker
authors: Mary Seacole Research Centre, De Monfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Johnson
authors: Department of Rheumatology, University College London, Rayne Institute, 5 University Street, London, WC1E 6JF, UK.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Rahman
authors: University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE1 5 WW, UK.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Samanta
authors: Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kumar
authors: Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.|Department of Rheumatology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, B18 7QH, UK.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Raza
authors: Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, 2nd Floor, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Harehills Lane, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK. p.helliwell@leeds.ac.uk.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Helliwell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010018:Osteomalacia / Q000208:ethnology*; D010154:Pakistan; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D006113:United Kingdom
keywords: Community research; Ethnic minorities; Osteomalacia; Patient education