title: Plasma Soluble Endoglin Levels Are Inversely Associated With the Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis-Brief Report.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-β inhibits migration and proliferation of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Endoglin is a transmembrane receptor for transforming growth factor-β1 and transforming growth factor-β3. Endoglin is released into blood as a soluble form (soluble endoglin [sEng]), but plasma sEng levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have not been elucidated.
  
  
  
  We measured plasma sEng levels in 244 patients undergoing coronary angiography. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated as the numbers of >50% stenotic vessels and segments. CAD was found in 147 patients, of whom 55 had 1-vessel, 42 had 2-vessel, and 50 had 3-vessel disease. Compared with 97 patients without CAD, 147 with CAD had lower sEng levels (median 4.04 versus 4.37 ng/mL; P<0.005). A stepwise decrease in sEng levels was found based on the number of stenotic vessels: 4.37 in CAD(-), 4.23 in 1-vessel, 4.13 in 2-vessel, and 3.74 ng/mL in 3-vessel disease (P<0.005). sEng levels inversely correlated with the number of stenotic segments (r=-0.25; P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, sEng was an independent factor for 3-vessel disease and CAD. Odds ratios for CAD and 3-vessel disease were 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.95-0.99; P<0.02) and 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.93-0.99; P<0.01) for a 0.1 ng/mL increase in sEng levels, respectively.
  
  
  
  Plasma sEng levels were low in patients with CAD, especially 3-vessel disease, and were inversely associated with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis.
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Emi
authors: E
authors: Saita
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Kotaro
authors: K
authors: Miura
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Norie
authors: N
authors: Suzuki-Sugihara
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Koutaro
authors: K
authors: Miyata
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Nobuhiro
authors: N
authors: Ikemura
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Reiko
authors: R
authors: Ohmori
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Yukinori
authors: Y
authors: Ikegami
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Yoshimi
authors: Y
authors: Kishimoto
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.).
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Kondo
authors: From the Endowed Research Department "Food for Health" (E.S., Y.K., K.K.) and Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences (N.S.-S.), Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan (K. Miura, K. Miyata, N.I., Y.I., Y.M.); Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan (R.O.); and Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan (K.K.). ymomiyamajp@yahoo.co.jp.
authors: Yukihiko
authors: Y
authors: Momiyama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015536:Down-Regulation; D000071063:Endoglin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014041:Tokyo / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C064206:ENG protein, human; D000071063:Endoglin
keywords: ankle-brachial index; atherosclerosis; coronary artery disease; endothelial cells; inflammation