title: Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy for Cancer Detection: Performance of 2D-, 3D- and 3D-MRI Fusion Targeted Techniques.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study aimed to evaluate 3 different modalities of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsies (PBs; 2D-, 3D- and targeted 3D-TRUS with fusion to MRI - T3D). Primary end point was the detection rate of prostate cancer (PC). Secondary end point was the detection rate of insignificant PC according to the Epstein criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inclusion of 284 subsequent patients who underwent 2D-, 3D- or T3D PB from 2011 to 2015. All patients having PB for initial PC detection with a serum prostate-specific antigen value ≤20 ng/ml were included. Patients with T4 and/or clinical and/or radiological metastatic disease, so as these under active surveillance were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with T3D PB had a significantly higher detection rate of PC (58 vs. 19% for 2D and 38% for 3D biopsies; p = 0.001), with no difference in Gleason score distribution (p = 0.644), as well as detection rate of low-risk cancers (p = 0.914). Main predictive factor for positive biopsies was the technique used, with respectively a 3- and 8-fold higher detection rate in the 3D- and T3D group. For T3D-PB, there was a significant correlation between radiological cancer suspicion (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Score) and cancer detection rate (p = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T3D PB should be preferred over 2D PB and 3D PB in patients with suspected PC as it improves the cancer detection rate.
authors: Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Klein
authors: Arachk
authors: A
authors: de Górski
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Benamran
authors: Jean-Paul
authors: JP
authors: Vallee
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: De Perrot
authors: Gregory J
authors: GJ
authors: Wirth
authors: Christophe E
authors: CE
authors: Iselin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D061705:Image-Guided Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D012007:Rectum; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional