title: MicroRNA-203 inhibits tumour growth and metastasis through PDPN.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  MicroRNAs play an important role in regulating hypopharyngeal cancer development. miR-203 has been previously shown to possess antitumour capabilities in many cancers, but not in hypopharyngeal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using human normal and hypopharyngeal cancer specimens, we explored the expression levels of miR-203 in the two groups and further correlated them with different stages of cancer and lymph node metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Applying human pharynx FaDu cancer cells and lentiviral transduction technique, we investigated the effects of miR-203 on cancer cell viability, migration and invasion. Moreover, we studied the novel relationship between miR-203 and podoplanin (PDPN) in hypopharyngeal cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The downregulated levels of miR-203 in human hypopharyngeal cancer tissues were associated with advanced cancer stages and lymph node metastasis. High levels of miR-203 inhibited cell viability, migration and invasion of hypopharyngeal cancer cells. Further studies suggested miR-203 directly targeted and inhibited PDPN expression. PDPN silencing suppresses hypopharyngeal cancer cell abilities. In addition, PDPN overexpression was able to reverse miR-203 inhibitory effects on cell viability, migration and invasion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PDPN acts as an oncogene to promote hypopharyngeal cancer cell viability, migration and invasion. miR-203 directly targets PDPN to suppress its expression, thus exerting inhibitory effects on cancer metastasis.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.|Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Mou
authors: Intensive Care Unit, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Meng
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Jia
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Song
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D002465:Cell Movement; D002470:Cell Survival; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000098853:Podoplanin
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; C546703:MIRN203 microRNA, human; C117468:PDPN protein, human; D000098853:Podoplanin