title: Burnout, stress and satisfaction among Australian and New Zealand radiation oncology trainees.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the incidence of burnout among radiation oncology trainees in Australia and New Zealand and the stress and satisfaction factors related to burnout.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey of trainees was conducted in mid-2015. There were 42 Likert scale questions on stress, 14 Likert scale questions on satisfaction and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey assessed burnout. A principal component analysis identified specific stress and satisfaction areas. Categorical variables for the stress and satisfaction factors were computed. Associations between respondent's characteristics and stress and satisfaction subscales were examined by independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohens's d when significant mean differences were observed. This was also done for respondent characteristics and the three burnout subscales. Multiple regression analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 81.5%. The principal component analysis for stress identified five areas: demands on time, professional development/training, delivery demands, interpersonal demands and administration/organizational issues. There were no significant differences by demographic group or area of interest after P-values were adjusted for the multiple tests conducted. The principal component analysis revealed two satisfaction areas: resources/professional activities and value/delivery of services. There were no significant differences by demographic characteristics or area of interest in the level of satisfaction after P-values were adjusted for the multiple tests conducted. The burnout results revealed 49.5% of respondents scored highly in emotional exhaustion and/or depersonalization and 13.1% had burnout in all three measures. Multiple regression analysis revealed the stress subscales 'demands on time' and 'interpersonal demands' were associated with emotional exhaustion. 'Interpersonal demands' was also associated with depersonalization and correlated negatively with personal accomplishment. The satisfaction of value/delivery of services subscale was associated with higher levels of personal accomplishment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a significant level of burnout among radiation oncology trainees in Australia and New Zealand. Further work addressing intervention would be appropriate to reduce levels of burnout.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Adelaide Radiotherapy Centre, Genesis Cancer Care, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Leung
authors: School of Demography, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
authors: Pilar
authors: P
authors: Rioseco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D018787:Radiation Oncology / Q000193:education*; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Australia; New Zealand; burnout; satisfaction; stress; trainee