title: Characteristics of patients diagnosed with renal vein thrombosis and glomerulopathy: a case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few contemporary studies have evaluated the clinical characteristics of patients with biopsy-proven glomerulopathy diagnosed with renal vein thrombosis (RVT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series study within an integrated health system in a 12-year period (January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2011) investigating clinical characteristics of all adult patients who underwent native or transplant kidney biopsy and also had a diagnosis of RVT. Patient characteristics, diagnostic studies, and outcomes were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 3763 eligible patients, 17 had imaging confirmed RVT. Of these, 15 had membranous nephropathy (idiopathic or secondary to autoimmune disease). Although the biopsy population included primary and secondary glomerular disease patients, all 17 RVT patients had severe nephrotic syndrome and profound hypoalbuminemia with mean (SD) of albumin: 1.5 g/dL (0.66).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinically significant RVT in patients with glomerulopathy appears to be a rather rare entity, occurring predominantly in patients with severe nephrotic syndrome due to idiopathic membranous nephropathy and membranous nephropathy secondary to autoimmune disease.
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, 4700 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Ross
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, 4700 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Pourmoussa
authors: Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Batech
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, 4700 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA. John.j.sim@kp.org.
authors: John J
authors: JJ
authors: Sim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D002140:California; D005260:Female; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D034141:Hypoalbuminemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D012082:Renal Veins; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Membranous nephropathy; Nephrotic syndrome; Renal vein thrombosis