title: Smooth deuterated cellulose films for the visualisation of adsorbed bio-macromolecules.
abstract: Novel thin and smooth deuterated cellulose films were synthesised to visualize adsorbed bio-macromolecules using contrast variation neutron reflectivity (NR) measurements. Incorporation of varying degrees of deuteration into cellulose was achieved by growing Gluconacetobacter xylinus in deuterated glycerol as carbon source dissolved in growth media containing D2O. The derivative of deuterated cellulose was prepared by trimethylsilylation(TMS) in ionic liquid(1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride). The TMS derivative was dissolved in toluene for thin film preparation by spin-coating. The resulting film was regenerated into deuterated cellulose by exposure to acidic vapour. A common enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), was adsorbed from solution onto the deuterated cellulose films and visualized by NR. The scattering length density contrast of the deuterated cellulose enabled accurate visualization and quantification of the adsorbed HRP, which would have been impossible to achieve with non-deuterated cellulose. The procedure described enables preparing deuterated cellulose films that allows differentiation of cellulose and non-deuterated bio-macromolecules using NR.
authors: BioPRIA- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
authors: Jielong
authors: J
authors: Su
authors: BioPRIA- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
authors: Vikram S
authors: VS
authors: Raghuwanshi
authors: School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
authors: Warwick
authors: W
authors: Raverty
authors: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC NSW 2232, Australia.
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Garvey
authors: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC NSW 2232, Australia.
authors: Peter J
authors: PJ
authors: Holden
authors: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC NSW 2232, Australia.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Gillon
authors: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC NSW 2232, Australia.
authors: Stephen A
authors: SA
authors: Holt
authors: School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
authors: Rico
authors: R
authors: Tabor
authors: BioPRIA- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
authors: Warren
authors: W
authors: Batchelor
authors: BioPRIA- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
authors: Gil
authors: G
authors: Garnier
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D003903:Deuterium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017666:Deuterium Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D041821:Gluconacetobacter / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D033363:Neutron Diffraction; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds; C502841:1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride; D002482:Cellulose; D003903:Deuterium; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D017666:Deuterium Oxide