title: Handheld optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy.
abstract: Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) offers label-free <italic<in vivo</italic< imaging with high spatial resolution by acoustically detecting optical absorption contrasts via the photoacoustic effect. We developed a compact handheld OR-PAM probe for fast photoacoustic imaging. Different from benchtop microscopes, the handheld probe provides flexibility in imaging various anatomical sites. Resembling a cup in size, the probe uses a two-axis water-immersible microelectromechanical system mirror to scan both the illuminating optical beam and resultant acoustic beam. The system performance was tested in vivo by imaging the capillary bed in a mouse ear and both the capillary bed and a mole on a human volunteer.
authors: Washington University in St. Louis, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Lin
authors: Washington University in St. Louis, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
authors: Pengfei
authors: P
authors: Zhang
authors: Texas A&M University, Institute for Solid State Electronics, Electrical Engineering Department, 400 Bizzell Street, College Station, Texas 77840, United States.
authors: Song
authors: S
authors: Xu
authors: Washington University in St. Louis, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
authors: Junhui
authors: J
authors: Shi
authors: Washington University in St. Louis, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Washington University in St. Louis, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
authors: Junjie
authors: J
authors: Yao
authors: Washington University in St. Louis, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
authors: Lidai
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Texas A&M University, Institute for Solid State Electronics, Electrical Engineering Department, 400 Bizzell Street, College Station, Texas 77840, United States.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Zou
authors: Washington University in St. Louis, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
authors: Lihong V
authors: LV
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002196:Capillaries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004423:Ear / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D055617:Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D009506:Nevus / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis