title: Factors Influencing the Soft Tissue Changes Around Single Laser Microtextured Implants-Abutments in the Anterior Maxilla: A 5-Year Retrospective Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible factors that influenced the periimplant soft tissue changes around single implants-abutments with laser-microtextured surface (LMS) in the esthetic zone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine units, formed by implant-abutment with LMS were studied. Variables possibly associated with the periimplant soft tissue changes were obtained from clinical measurements (plaque [present/absent], periimplant biotype [thin/thick], and probing depth); intrasurgical measurements (vertical height in millimeters of the keratinized gingiva in the vestibular part of the implant site vestibular keratinized gingiva [VKG], implant vestibular crestal exposition, vestibular crestal level, and vestibular bone width); cast models (implant position [buccal/palatal], implant abutments angle); periapical radiographs (distance from the contact point to the interproximal bone crest of the adjacent tooth [CP-BC], distance from the contact point to the implant platform [CP-P], distance from the contact point to the first bone to implant contact [CP-IB]); and digital clinical photographs. Fisher exact test was used to determine the influence of each factor on the papilla level and on the facial marginal mucosal level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The papillae level at the implant sites was significantly associated with the distance from the contact point to the alveolar bone crest, whereas no association was found with other variables. Periimplant biotype, differences in the VKG, CP-BC, and CP-IB were found associated with the different facial marginal mucosal level groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that the papilla level at single-tooth implants-abutments with LMS in the anterior maxilla was mainly influenced by the interproximal bone crest level of the adjacent tooth, whereas the marginal mucosal level was affected by periimplant biotype, facial bone crest level, and crestal implant exposition.
authors: *Adjunct Professor, Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. †Private Implant Practice, Turin, Italy. ‡Private Prosthodontic Practice, Rome, Italy. §Adjunct Professor, Department of "Tecnologie per la Salute," I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Clinica Odontoiatrica, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. ‖Assistant Professor, Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. #Professor Director, Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors: Renzo
authors: R
authors: Guarnieri
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Savio
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Bermonds des Ambrois
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Ippoliti
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Zuffetti
authors: Luigi Vito
authors: LV
authors: Stefanelli
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Di Carlo
authors: Giorgio
authors: G
authors: Pompa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059605:Dental Implant-Abutment Design; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D010519:Periodontium / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants