title: Thermodynamic Calculation among Cerium, Oxygen, and Sulfur in Liquid Iron.
abstract: Thermodynamic calculation has been applied to predict the inclusion formation in molten SS400 steel. When the Cerium addition in liquid iron is 70 ppm and the initial Oxygen and Sulphur are both 110 ppm, the formation of oxides containing Cerium would experience the transformation from Ce2O3to CeO2and also the formation of sulfides containing Cerium would experience the transformation from CeS to Ce2S3and then to Ce3S4. Below 2000 K the most thermodynamic stable matter is CeO2and the less thermodynamic stable inclusion is CeS. Only when the amount of [O] is extremely low and the amount of [S] and [Ce] is relatively high, Ce2S3has the possibility to form.
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.|Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Munich 85748, Germany.|Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 80799, Germany.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Pan
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.|Chengdu Base, Panzhihua Iron &Steel Research Institute Co., LTD, Chengdu 610399, China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Electronic Engineering, Kao Yuan University, Kaohsiung 82151, Taiwan.
authors: Hao-Long
authors: HL
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
authors: Yen-Hsun
authors: YH
authors: Su
authors: Steelmaking Process Development Section, China Steel Corporation, Kaohsiung 81233, Taiwan.
authors: Yen-Hao
authors: YH
authors: Su
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
authors: Weng-Sing
authors: WS
authors: Hwang