title: Sono-photo-degradation of carbamazepine in a thin falling film reactor: Operation costs in pilot plant.
abstract: The photo-Fenton degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) assisted with ultrasound radiation (US/UV/H2O2/Fe) was tested in a lab thin film reactor allowing high TOC removals (89% in 35min). The synergism between the UV process and the sonolytic one was quantified as 55.2%. To test the applicability of this reactor for industrial purposes, the sono-photo-degradation of CBZ was also tested in a thin film pilot plant reactor and compared with a 28L UV-C conventional pilot plant and with a solar Collector Parabolic Compound (CPC). At a pilot plant scale, a US/UV/H2O2/Fe process reaching 60% of mineralization would cost 2.1 and 3.8€/m3for the conventional and thin film plant respectively. The use of ultrasound (US) produces an extra generation of hydroxyl radicals, thus increasing the mineralization rate. In the solar process, electric consumption accounts for a maximum of 33% of total costs. Thus, for a TOC removal of 80%, the cost of this treatment is about 1.36€/m3. However, the efficiency of the solar installation decreases in cloudy days and cannot be used during night, so that a limited flow rate can be treated.
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSII, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Expósito
authors: Bath Process Intensification Laboratory and Centre for Advanced Separation Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom. Electronic address: d.patterson@bath.ac.uk.
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Patterson
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSII, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Monteagudo
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSII, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. Electronic address: antonio.duran@uclm.es.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Durán
mesh_terms: D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D010782:Photolysis; D010865:Pilot Projects; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D002220:Carbamazepine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron
keywords: CPC; Economics; Pilot plant; Radicals; UV; Ultrasound