title: Role of invasive imaging in acute and long-term assessment of bioresorbable scaffold technology.
abstract: Fully bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) represent a novel approach for the percutaneous treatment of coronary artery stenosis, providing temporary vessel scaffolding with drug-eluting capability during the restenosis-prone phase of the vascular healing. Beyond this initial critical period, when mechanical scaffolding support is no longer necessary, the device is bioresorbed, restoring the normal vascular physiology with the aim to eliminate the long-term safety concerns related to permanent metallic implants. Nonetheless, current BRS technology suffers from limited mechanical properties as compared to available metallic platforms, requiring careful attention to lesion preparation, accurate vessel sizing, and implantation technique. Intravascular imaging has played an important role in providing knowledge on the acute effects after BRS deployment, and it helped refine the current technique of BRS implantation. In addition, extensive work with multiple intravascular imaging modalities have also contributed to the understanding of the unique dynamic vascular changes that are experienced in the treated segment from post-implantation up to complete device bioresorption. In this manuscript, we review the role of invasive imaging modalities-from angiography to sound- and light-based techniques-to guide BRS implantation procedures, to assess its acute results postimplantation, and the changes experienced in the long-term until complete bioresorption has ensued. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: Department of Interventional Cardiology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil. daniel.chamie@gmail.com.|Cardiovascular Research Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil. daniel.chamie@gmail.com.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Chamié
authors: Department of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, Washington, DC.
authors: Hector
authors: H
authors: Garcia-Garcia
authors: Department of Interventional Cardiology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil.|Cardiovascular Research Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Ricardo A
authors: RA
authors: Costa
authors: Department of Interventional Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Thoraxcenter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.|Cardialysis BV, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Yoshinobu
authors: Y
authors: Onuma
authors: Department of Interventional Cardiology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil.|Cardiovascular Research Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.|Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Alexandre
authors: A
authors: Abizaid
authors: NHLI, Imperial College London, International Centre for Circulatory Health, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Patrick W
authors: PW
authors: Serruys
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
keywords: angiography; bioresorbable scaffolds; intravascular ultrasound; optical coherence tomography; percutaneous coronary intervention; stents