title: Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Coronary Artery Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a major global health problem. Recent studies demonstrated that lower vitamin D level (<30ng/ml) is associated with higher blood pressure and directly or indirectly with CAD, due to vascular endothelial damage. However the results are inconsistent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To find the association of vitamin D deficiency with CAD.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional observational study, serum vitamin D level was measured in 315 patients who underwent coronary angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (±SD) vitamin D was 13.40ng/ml (±10.40). However, the patients with normal coronary artery had much lower mean vitamin D (11.30ng/ml±9.50) as compared to the patients with CAD (14.10ng/ml±10.70). The mean (±SD) vitamin D levels were 19.00ng/ml (±16.50), 14.10ng/ml (±11.10) and 13.20ng/ml (±8.80) in patients with CAD with 50%-70%, >70%-90% and >90% stenosis respectively (p= 0.46) and 15.20ng/ml (±13.00), 15.50ng/ml (±11.30) and 11.80ng/ml (±7.00) in patients with CAD with single, double and triple vessels disease respectively (p= 0.14). The frequency of vitamin D deficiency were 66.70%, 83.20 % and 83.10% in patients with CAD with 50% -70%, >70%-90% and >90% stenosis respectively and 81.40%, 80.00% and 83.50% in patients with single, double and triple vessel disease respectively, as compared to 89.30% in patients with normal coronary artery (p= 0.41 and 0.075). So, all the study groups of CAD had low serum vitamin D level and high frequency of vitamin D deficiency, which was statistically insignificant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is very high in CAD, but it does not correlate with the angiographic severity of CAD.
authors: Senior Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER , Chandigarh, India .
authors: Deba Prasad
authors: DP
authors: Dhibar
authors: Professor & Head, Department of Cardiology, PGIMER , Chandigarh, India .
authors: Yash Paul
authors: YP
authors: Sharma
authors: Additional Professor, Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER , Chandigarh, India .
authors: Sanjay Kumar
authors: SK
authors: Bhadada
authors: Associate Professor, Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER , Chandigarh, India .
authors: Naresh
authors: N
authors: Sachdeva
authors: Senior Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER , Chandigarh, India .
authors: Kamal Kant
authors: KK
authors: Sahu
keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Coronary artery stenosis; Endothelial damage