title: Habitat and taxon as driving forces of carbohydrate catabolism in marine heterotrophic bacteria: example of the model algae-associated bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT.
abstract: The marine flavobacterium Zobellia galactanivorans DsijTwas isolated from a red alga and by now constitutes a model for studying algal polysaccharide bioconversions. We present an in-depth analysis of its complete genome and link it to physiological traits. Z. galactanivorans exhibited the highest gene numbers for glycoside hydrolases, polysaccharide lyases and carbohydrate esterases and the second highest sulfatase gene number in a comparison to 125 other marine heterotrophic bacteria (MHB) genomes. Its genome contains 50 polysaccharide utilization loci, 22 of which contain sulfatase genes. Catabolic profiling confirmed a pronounced capacity for using algal polysaccharides and degradation of most polysaccharides could be linked to dedicated genes. Physiological and biochemical tests revealed that Z. galactanivorans stores and recycles glycogen, despite loss of several classic glycogen-related genes. Similar gene losses were observed in most Flavobacteriia, suggesting presence of an atypical glycogen metabolism in this class. Z. galactanivorans features numerous adaptive traits for algae-associated life, such as consumption of seaweed exudates, iodine metabolism and methylotrophy, indicating that this bacterium is well equipped to form profitable, stable interactions with macroalgae. Finally, using statistical and clustering analyses of the MHB genomes we show that their carbohydrate catabolism correlates with both taxonomy and habitat.
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, Bretagne, CS 90074, France.
authors: Tristan
authors: T
authors: Barbeyron
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, Bretagne, CS 90074, France.
authors: François
authors: F
authors: Thomas
authors: Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), institut de génomique (IG), Génoscope, 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, 91057, Évry, France.
authors: Valérie
authors: V
authors: Barbe
authors: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen, Germany.
authors: Hanno
authors: H
authors: Teeling
authors: Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), institut de génomique (IG), Génoscope, 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, 91057, Évry, France.
authors: Chantal
authors: C
authors: Schenowitz
authors: Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), institut de génomique (IG), Génoscope, 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, 91057, Évry, France.
authors: Carole
authors: C
authors: Dossat
authors: Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Gießen, Germany.
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Goesmann
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, Bretagne, CS 90074, France.
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Leblanc
authors: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen, Germany.|Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campusring 1, Bremen, Germany.
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Oliver Glöckner
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, Bretagne, CS 90074, France.
authors: Mirjam
authors: M
authors: Czjzek
authors: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen, Germany.
authors: Rudolf
authors: R
authors: Amann
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, Bretagne, CS 90074, France.
authors: Gurvan
authors: G
authors: Michel
mesh_terms: D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D017753:Ecosystem; D041965:Flavobacteriaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases