title: Lanthanum nitrate genotoxicity evaluation: Ames test, mouse micronucleus assay, and chromosome aberration test.
abstract: The increasing use of rare-earth elements (REE) and their compounds has led to their accumulation in the environment and has raised concern about their safety. The toxic effects of REE such as lanthanum are largely unknown; genotoxicity studies have been limited and results are controversial. We evaluated the genotoxicity of lanthanum nitrate (La(NO3)3) in several in vitro and in vivo tests, including bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay, and chromosome aberration assay. La(NO3)3was not mutagenic in the Ames test. La(NO3)3did not increase the frequencies of bone marrow micronuclei or chromosome aberration in the mouse after repeated treatments at oral doses up to 735 (females) and 855mg/kg (males). The compound did not increase the frequency of chromosome aberrations in CHO cells in vitro. These results indicate that lanthanum is not a genotoxic hazard.
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Yang
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
authors: Xiaopeng
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
authors: Haibo
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
authors: Wenming
authors: W
authors: Cui
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
authors: Qiannan
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
authors: Yongning
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
authors: Zhou
authors: Z
authors: Yu
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China. Electronic address: jiaxudong@cfsa.net.cn.
authors: Xudong
authors: X
authors: Jia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005260:Female; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; C016534:lanthanide nitrate; D007811:Lanthanum
keywords: Ames test; Chromosome aberration; Genotoxicity; Lanthanum; Micronucleus assay; Rare-earth elements