title: The effect of SNPs in CYP450 in chloroquine/primaquine Plasmodium vivax malaria treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chloroquine/primaquine is the current therapy to eliminate Plasmodium vivax infection in the Amazon region.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genetic polymorphisms influence on cloroquine/primaquine treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Generalized estimating equations analyses were performed to determine the genetic influence in parasitemia and/or gametocytemia clearance over treatment time in 164 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An effect of CYP2C8 low-activity alleles on treatment was observed (p = 0.01). From baseline to first day of treatment, wild-type individuals achieved greater reduction of gametocytes than low-activity allele carriers. CYP2C9 and CYP3A5 genes showed a trend for gametocytemia and parasitemia clearance rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future studies should be performed to access the extent of CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP3A5 gene polymorphisms influence on cloroquine/primaquine treatment.
authors: Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Vinicius A
authors: VA
authors: Sortica
authors: Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Juliana D
authors: JD
authors: Lindenau
authors: Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
authors: Maristela G
authors: MG
authors: Cunha
authors: Programa de Ensaios Clínicos em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Sistema de Vigilância Sanitária, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil.
authors: Maria DO
authors: MD
authors: Ohnishi
authors: Programa de Ensaios Clínicos em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Sistema de Vigilância Sanitária, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil.
authors: Ana Maria R
authors: AMR
authors: Ventura
authors: Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
authors: Ândrea Kc
authors: ÂK
authors: Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
authors: Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
authors: Sidney Eb
authors: SE
authors: Santos
authors: Unidade de Bioestatística, Grupo de Pesquisa e Pós Graduação, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Luciano Sp
authors: LS
authors: Guimarães
authors: Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Mara H
authors: MH
authors: Hutz
keywords:   ; chloroquine; malaria; pharmacogenomics; primaquine; treatment