title: Neighborhood Conditions and Psychosocial Outcomes Among Middle-Aged African Americans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined associations between observed neighborhood conditions (good/adverse) and psychosocial outcomes (stress, depressive symptoms, resilience, and sense of control) among middle-aged and older African Americans.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included 455 middle-aged and older African Americans examined in Wave 10 of the African American Health (AAH) study. Linear regression was adjusted for attrition, self-selection into neighborhoods, and potential confounders, and stratified by the duration at current address (<5 vs ≥5 years) because of its hypothesized role as an effect modifier.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among individuals who lived at their current address for ≥5 years, residing in neighborhoods with adverse versus good conditions was associated with significantly less stress (standardized β = -0.18; P = .002) and depressive symptoms (standardized β = -0.12; P = .048). Among those who lived at their current address for <5 years, residing in neighborhoods with adverse versus good conditions was not significantly associated with stress (standardized β = 0.18; P = .305) or depressive symptoms (standardized β = 0.36; P = .080).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neighborhood conditions appear to have significant, complex associations with psychosocial factors among middle-aged and older African Americans. This holds important policy implications, especially since adverse neighborhood conditions may still result in adverse physical health outcomes in individuals with >5 years at current residence despite being associated with better psychosocial outcomes.
authors: 1 Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Maya
authors: M
authors: Tabet
authors: 1 Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Erin A
authors: EA
authors: Sanders
authors: 1 Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Schootman
authors: 1 Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Jen Jen
authors: JJ
authors: Chang
authors: 2 University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors: Fredric D
authors: FD
authors: Wolinsky
authors: 1 Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
authors: Theodore K
authors: TK
authors: Malmstrom
authors: 3 Regenstrief Institute Inc, Indianapolis, IN, USA.|4 Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.|5 Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors: Douglas K
authors: DK
authors: Miller
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: African American; community health; managerial epidemiology; neighborhood; psychosocial factors