title: Autophagy and apoptosis induced by Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) iridovirus (CGSIV).
abstract: The outbreak of Chinese Giant Salamander (Andrias davidianus, CGS) Iridovirus (CGSIV) caused massive death of CGSs. However, some CGSs with low level of CGSIV usually could survive. In our study, major capsid protein (MCP) DNA replicates of CGSIV in shedding skin were employed to assess the relative content of CGSIV in the living CGSs by qPCR. Furthermore, the examinations of autophagy and apoptosis in CGSs in vivo and in the primary renal cells in vitro were performed, respectively. The results showed that the relative contents of CGSIV in the shedding skin could reflect those in liver, spleen, and kidney of the CGSs. In these tissues of the CGSs with low-level replicates of CGSIV, there were not obviously macroscopic lesions. But the irregularly-shaped vesicles perhaps involving in autophagosome were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The LC3B protein displayed uneven distribution by Immunohistochemistry and the level mRNA of Atg5 was higher in these tissues than that in the tissues of healthy CGSs using qRT-PCR. Meanwhile, the apoptosis also appeared in these tissues by TUNEL staining and higher level mRNA of type I IFN were detected in these tissues using qRT-PCR. Further, both the expression level of LC3B II protein and Atg5 mRNA increased significantly at 2h after the virus infected the primary renal cells from the health CGSs in vitro. In addition, apoptosis and type I IFN mRNA began to increase significantly at 4h after the virus infected the renal cells. It was suggested that autophagy may be a pivotal role for survival of CGSIV in the CGSs during early infection and the rapid proliferation of CGSIV could be inhibited by innate immune response and apoptosis.
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Du
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
authors: Liqing
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
authors: Yuanxian
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Shen
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
authors: Chuanyin
authors: C
authors: Pan
authors: Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Meng
authors: Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Chenggu County, Hanzhong 723200, China.
authors: Changming
authors: C
authors: Yang
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Ji
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China. Electronic address: dongyangluyi@126.com.
authors: Wuzi
authors: W
authors: Dong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001343:Autophagy; D001483:Base Sequence; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D017994:Iridovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology; D008099:Liver / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D013154:Spleen / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D014562:Caudata / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Apoptosis; Autophagy; Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus); Immune activity; Iridovirus (CGSIV)