title: Expression Kinetics of RANTES and MCP-1 in the Brain of Deer Mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) Infected with Vesicular Stomatitis New Jersey Virus.
abstract: The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) causes encephalitis in mice when inoculated intranasally. The deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), a native New World rodent, is also susceptible to VSV infection and develops similar central nervous system (CNS) lesions to those observed in other rodent species. Chemokines, such as regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES; CCL-5) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (CCL-2), which are important for chemotaxis and activation of inflammatory cells, are expressed during the course of VSV encephalitis. However, the role of CNS resident cells in chemokine expression is poorly characterized. Here, we show that during vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus (VSNJV) encephalitis in deer mice, RANTES and MCP-1 are expressed only in the olfactory bulb (OB), where the virus was localized. This chemokine expression was followed by the influx of inflammatory cells to the OB later in the course of acute disease. Neurons, astrocytes and microglia expressed RANTES, while MCP-1 was expressed by neurons and astrocytes. Although astrocytes and microglia responded to VSNJV infection by expressing chemokines, neurons were the cell type that was predominantly infected. Therefore, infected neurons may have a critical role in initiating an immune response in the OB. The signalling between neurons and other CNS resident cells is most likely the mechanism by which astrocytes and microglia are activated during the course of VSV encephalitis.
authors: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, USA.
authors: L P
authors: LP
authors: Mesquita
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
authors: F R P
authors: FRP
authors: Bruhn
authors: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: P C
authors: PC
authors: Maiorka
authors: Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, USA. Electronic address: howerth@uga.edu.
authors: E W
authors: EW
authors: Howerth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D000069544:Infectious Encephalitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D009474:Neurons / Q000276:immunology*; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D010542:Peromyscus; D054243:Vesicular Stomatitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D054260:Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018946:Chemokine CCL5
keywords: chemokine; deer mouse; encephalitis; vesicular stomatitis virus