title: Atmospheric concentration of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) at Umm-Al-Aish oil field-Kuwait.
abstract: A sampling campaign was carried out to assess the impact of the oil field activities on the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in ambient air at Umm Al-Aish oil field in northern Kuwait. Sixteen samples were collected from March 2014 to January 2015. The concentrations of ΣPCDD/Fs were relatively high (33.6-586 fg I-TEQ/m3; median: 94.7 fg I-TEQ/m3; 31.2 to 516 fg WHO-TEQ2005/m3; median: 83.7 fg WHO-TEQ2005/m3) compared to those of dl-PCBs (3.9-36.8 WHO-TEQ2005/m3; median 9.9 WHO-TEQ2005/m3). A unique PCDD/F profile that was not previously reported was found. Further investigations should be conducted to establish whether the dioxin profile found in this study is specific for the desulfurization facility located in the study area or from oil flaring in the oil fields located upstream of the study area. The findings suggest that the oil field activities have a significant impact on the PCDD/F concentration in ambient air but a low or negligible influence on dl-PCBs' levels.
authors: Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait. Electronic address: kmartinez@kisr.edu.kw.
authors: Karell
authors: K
authors: Martínez-Guijarro
authors: Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait.
authors: Ashraf
authors: A
authors: Ramadan
authors: Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait.
authors: Bondi
authors: B
authors: Gevao
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D007730:Kuwait; D061329:Oil and Gas Fields; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Ambient air; Oil industry; Persistent organic pollutants; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans