title: Factors associated to depression and anxiety in medical students: a multicenter study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate personal and institutional factors related to depression and anxiety prevalence of students from 22 Brazilian medical schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors performed a multicenter study (August 2011 to August 2012), examining personal factors (age, sex, housing, tuition scholarship) and institutional factors (year of the medical training, school legal status, location and support service) in association with scores of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1,650 randomly selected students, 1,350 (81.8 %) completed the study. The depressive symptoms prevalence was 41 % (BDI > 9), state-anxiety 81.7 % and trait-anxiety in 85.6 % (STAI > 33). There was a positive relationship between levels of state (r = 0,591, p < 0.001) and trait (r = 0,718, p < 0.001) anxiety and depression scores. All three symptoms were positively associated with female sex and students from medical schools located in capital cities of both sexes. Tuition scholarship students had higher state-anxiety but not trait-anxiety or depression scores. Medical students with higher levels of depression and anxiety symptoms disagree more than their peers with the statements "I have adequate access to psychological support" and "There is a good support system for students who get stressed".
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The factors associated with the increase of medical students' depression and anxiety symptoms were female sex, school location and tuition scholarship. It is interesting that tuition scholarship students showed state-anxiety, but not depression and trait-anxiety symptoms.
authors: Center of Development of Medical Education, School of Medicine of Univrsity of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2349, 01246-903, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Fernanda
authors: F
authors: Brenneisen Mayer
authors: Center of Development of Medical Education, School of Medicine of Univrsity of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2349, 01246-903, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Itamar
authors: I
authors: Souza Santos
authors: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2349, 01246-903, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Paulo S P
authors: PS
authors: Silveira
authors: University of Caxias do Sul, Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors: Maria Helena
authors: MH
authors: Itaqui Lopes
authors: Psychiatry and Legal Medicine Department, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 9° andar, sala 9E28, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Alicia Regina Navarro Dias
authors: AR
authors: de Souza
authors: University Center of Serra dos Órgãos, Av. Alberto Torres, 111, 25964-000, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Eugenio Paes
authors: EP
authors: Campos
authors: Bionuclear Medicine of Teresina, Rua Desembargador Pires de Castro, 489, 64001-390, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors: Benedita Andrade Leal
authors: BA
authors: de Abreu
authors: School of Medicine of Tocatins, Avenida NS 15, 109, sala 18, 77020-210, Palmas, TO, Brazil.
authors: Itágores
authors: I
authors: Hoffman Ii
authors: Department of Education and Humanities, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre , Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, sala 412, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Cleidilene Ramos
authors: CR
authors: Magalhães
authors: Neurology and Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine of São Paulo State University, Rua Rubião Júnior, caixa-postal: 540, 18618-000, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Maria Cristina P
authors: MC
authors: Lima
authors: School of Medicine of Federal University of Rondônia , BR 364 km 9,5, 78900-000, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
authors: Raitany
authors: R
authors: Almeida
authors: Marília Medical School, Av. Monte Carmelo, 800, sala 17, 17519-030, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Mateus
authors: M
authors: Spinardi
authors: Center of Development of Medical Education, School of Medicine of Univrsity of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2349, 01246-903, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. patriciatempski@hotmail.com.|Center of Development of Medical Education, Avenida Dr Arnaldo, 455, 1 andar, sala 1210, 01246903, São Paulo, Brazil. patriciatempski@hotmail.com.
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Tempski
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012577:Schools, Medical; D012737:Sex Factors; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Medical student; Tuition scholarship