title: Measurement of parent satisfaction in the paediatric intensive care unit - Translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric equivalence for the French-speaking version of the EMPATHIC-65 questionnaire.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Within paediatric intensive care units (PICUs), only a few parent satisfaction instruments are validated and none are available for French-speaking parents. The aims of the study were to translate and culturally adapt the Dutch EMPATHIC-65 questionnaire into a French version and to test its psychometric equivalence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two French-speaking PICUs in Switzerland and France participated. The questionnaire was translated using a standardised method and parents with PICU experience were interviewed to assess clarity of the translated version. Secondly, parents of children hospitalised for at least 24 hours and who were fluent in French, were invited to complete the French translated version of the EMPATHIC-65 questionnaire. Reliability and validity measures were used to examine its psychometric equivalence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall mean clarity agreement reached 90.2% by 17 French-speaking parents. Eight unclear items have subsequently been reworded. One hundred seventy-two parents completed the French version questionnaire. Reliability and convergent validity have been confirmed by an adequate internal consistency (0.59-0.89) and convergent validity (rs0.25-0.63, p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychometric equivalence of the French EMPATHIC-65 questionnaire highlights the appropriateness of relying on available valid instrument to expand the availability of health instrument measure in French.
authors: Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, University of Lausanne, Medical and Surgical Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Biopôle II, route de la Corniche 10, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Chantal.Grandjean@chuv.ch.
authors: Chantal
authors: C
authors: Grandjean
authors: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, Plymouth University, 3 Portland Villas, Room 101, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Jos.latour@plymouth.ac.uk.
authors: Jos M
authors: JM
authors: Latour
authors: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Jacques.Cotting@chuv.ch.
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Cotting
authors: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Marie-Christine.Fazan@chuv.ch.
authors: Marie-Christine
authors: MC
authors: Fazan
authors: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Lille, CHU Lille, EA 2694, Santé publique: épidémiologie et qualité des soins, F-59000 Lille, France. Electronic address: stephane.leteurtre@chru-lille.fr.
authors: Stéphane
authors: S
authors: Leteurtre
authors: Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, University of Lausanne, Medical and Surgical Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Biopôle II, route de la Corniche 10, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Anne-Sylvie.Ramelet@unil.ch.
authors: Anne-Sylvie
authors: AS
authors: Ramelet
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland; D014175:Translating; D014894:Weights and Measures
keywords: Cultural adaptation; Family satisfaction; Paediatric intensive care unit; Patient reported outcomes measures; Translation