title: Non-epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Elucidating Uncommon Gynaecological Malignancies.
abstract: Non-epithelial ovarian cancers (NEOC) are a group of fascinating but uncommon malignancies which can be extremely challenging to treat. Collectively, these tumours only represent 10-15% of all ovarian cancers and occur in all age groups from childhood to old age. This broad term includes diverse tumours of germ cell origin, sex cord-stromal cell origin, as well as extremely rare types of ovarian cancer, such as small-cell carcinomas and sarcomas, each of which require specialist management. It is imperative that these rare tumours are managed with accurate diagnosis, staging and treatment in order to optimize patient outcomes. The aetiology and molecular origins of each sub-group of NEOC remain poorly understood and international cooperation to facilitate high quality translational research is needed. This review summarizes the published literature on the incidence, clinical presentation, pathology, therapeutic interventions, survival and prognostic factors of each sub-type of NEOC.
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece stergiosboussios@gmail.com.
authors: Stergios
authors: S
authors: Boussios
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Zarkavelis
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors: Esmeralda
authors: E
authors: Seraj
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Zerdes
authors: Gynaecology Unit, G. Hatzikosta General Hospital, Ioannina, Greece>.
authors: Konstantina
authors: K
authors: Tatsi
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Pentheroudakis
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D018312:Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Germ cell tumours; review; sex cord-stromal tumours