title: The Population Effective Dose of Medical Computed Tomography Examinations in Taiwan for 2013.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the annual effective dose per capita attributed to computed tomography (CT) examinations in 2013 and to predict the population effective dose from 2000 to 2013 in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A CT examination database collected from 30 hospitals was divided into 22 procedures and classified into six regions: head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, and other, respectively. The effective doses in different regions were evaluated by dose-length product (DLP) multiplied by conversion factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CT scan dose parameters were collected from 4,407 patients. For the six scanned regions, the percentages of patients scanned were: head (39.8%), neck (3.9%), chest (23.3%), abdomen (26.7%), pelvis (4.8%), and other (1.6%), respectively. The DLPs per patient (mGy·cm/patient) were head (1,071±225), neck (1,103±615), chest (724±509), abdomen (1,315±550), pelvis (1,231±620) and other (1,407±937), respectively. The number of CT examinations increased rapidly, with an average annual growth rate of 7.6%. The number of CT examinations in 2013 was 2.6 times that in 2000. The population effective dose was 0.30 mSv per capita in 2000 and increased to 0.74 mSv per capita in 2013, with an annual growth rate of 7.2%. The growth trend indicates that the effective dose will continue to rise in Taiwan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some strategies should be applied to cope with this growth. Defining the CT dose reference level stipulated in official recommendations and encouraging the use of iterative reconstruction imaging instead of filtered back-projection imaging could be a useful method for optimizing the effective dose and image quality.
authors: Department of Medical Image, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Da-Ming
authors: DM
authors: Yeh
authors: Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.|Medical Physics Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University / Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.|Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors: Hui-Yu
authors: HY
authors: Tsai
authors: Department of Medical Image, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Yen-Sheng
authors: YS
authors: Tyan
authors: Department of Medical Image, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Yu-Cheng
authors: YC
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Lung-Kwang
authors: LK
authors: Pan
authors: Department of Medical Image, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Tou-Rong
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7324-9312
authors: TR
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013624:Taiwan; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*