title: Assessment of nasal obstruction with rhinomanometry and subjective scales and outcomes of surgical and medical treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prospective study of patients with nasal obstruction (NO) in order to measure therapeutic success by anterior active rhinomanometry (AAR), Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and to establish the correlation between these tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with NO, on whom we performed an AAR, NOSE and VAS scales at baseline and after medical treatment (topical nasal steroid) or surgery (septoplasty, turbinoplasty or septoplasty and turbinoplasty). The nasal flow obtained by the AAR and the score of both subjective scales (NOSE and VAS) were compared and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 102 patients were included in the study. Surgical treatment resulted in statistically significant differences with the AAR and the subjective scales. While in patients with medical treatment there was an increase in the AAR nasal flow but without statistical significance (P=.1363). The correlation between the AAR, the NOSE and VAS scales was measured finding a strong correlation between the NOSE and VAS scales only (r=.83327).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patients with NO treated surgically have better results when these are evaluated by AAR or with subjective scales. There is no significant correlation between AAR, NOSE and VAS scales, this is considered to be because the AAR and subjective scales are complementary and measure different aspects of NO. The AAR and subjective scales are useful tools to be used together for the follow up of patients with NO.
authors: Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España. Electronic address: hugo_lara_s@hotmail.com.
authors: Hugo
authors: H
authors: Lara-Sánchez
authors: Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España.
authors: Candelas
authors: C
authors: Álvarez Nuño
authors: Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España.
authors: Elisa
authors: E
authors: Gil-Carcedo Sañudo
authors: Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
authors: Agustín
authors: A
authors: Mayo Iscar
authors: Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España.
authors: Luis Ángel
authors: LÁ
authors: Vallejo Valdezate
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications; D025363:Rhinomanometry; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D063189:Symptom Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014420:Turbinates / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones
keywords: Chronic rhinitis; Corticoides nasales; Desviación septal; Escala NOSE; Escala Visual Análoga; NOSE scale; Nasal corticosteroids; Rhinomanometry; Rinitis crónica; Rinomanometría; Septal deviation; Septoplastia; Septoplasty; Turbinoplastia; Turbinoplasty; Visual Analogue Scale