title: Perceptions of Research Bronchoscopy in Malawian Adults with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Cross-Sectional Study.
abstract: Bronchoscopy is an established research tool in Malawi, enabling collection of pulmonary samples for immunological, pharmacological, and microbiological studies. It is, however, an invasive clinical procedure that offers no direct benefit to volunteering participants when used in a research capacity alone, and thus informed consent is essential. This study aimed to explore TB patients' understanding of research bronchoscopy, what would motivate them to participate in research bronchoscopy, and their concerns, in order to inform consenting processes for future clinical studies. We used a qualitative research design. Two focus group discussions were conducted with community members and TB patients to understand their perceptions of bronchoscopy. Transcripts were coded by multiple co-authors and thematic content analysis was used to analyse main findings. We found that Malawian patients with pulmonary TB were willing to participate in a study using research bronchoscopy for health assessment and access to improved healthcare. We identified information of value to potential participants when consenting to that may lessen some of the anxieties expressed by participants. Patient and public involvement is essential to improve informed consent and institutional trust.
authors: Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.|Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.|Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.|Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors: Andrew D
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0814-3834
authors: AD
authors: McCallum
authors: Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.|Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Nyirenda
authors: Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.
authors: Wezzie
authors: W
authors: Lora
authors: Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors: Saye H
authors: SH
authors: Khoo
authors: Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.|Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.|Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.|Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors: Derek J
authors: DJ
authors: Sloan
authors: Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.|Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors: Henry C
authors: HC
authors: Mwandumba
authors: Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.|Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Desmond
authors: Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.|Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.|Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors: Geraint R
authors: GR
authors: Davies
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D035843:Biomedical Research; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008295:Malawi; D009042:Motivation; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary