title: Phase Transition of the Bacterium upon Invasion of a Host Cell as a Mechanism of Adaptation: a Mycoplasma gallisepticum Model.
abstract: What strategies do bacteria employ for adaptation to their hosts and are these strategies different for varied hosts? To date, many studies on the interaction of the bacterium and its host have been published. However, global changes in the bacterial cell in the process of invasion and persistence, remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated phase transition of the avian pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum upon invasion of the various types of eukaryotic cells (human, chicken, and mouse) which was stable during several passages after isolation of intracellular clones and recultivation in a culture medium. It was shown that this phase transition is manifested in changes at the proteomic, genomic and metabolomic levels. Eukaryotic cells induced similar proteome reorganization of M. gallisepticum during infection, despite different origins of the host cell lines. Proteomic changes affected a broad range of processes including metabolism, translation and oxidative stress response. We determined that the activation of glycerol utilization, overproduction of hydrogen peroxide and the upregulation of the SpxA regulatory protein occurred during intracellular infection. We propose SpxA as an important regulator for the adaptation of M. gallisepticum to an intracellular environment.
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Daria
authors: D
authors: Matyushkina
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Pobeguts
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Ivan
authors: I
authors: Butenko
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Vanyushkina
authors: Laboratory of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia.
authors: Nicolay
authors: N
authors: Anikanov
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Bukato
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.|Department of Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia.
authors: Daria
authors: D
authors: Evsyutina
authors: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.|Stem Cell Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Bogomazova
authors: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Lagarkova
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Tatiana
authors: T
authors: Semashko
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.|Laboratory of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia.
authors: Irina
authors: I
authors: Garanina
authors: Laboratory of Post-Genomic Research in Biology, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Vladislav
authors: V
authors: Babenko
authors: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Vakhitova
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Ladygina
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors: Gleb
authors: G
authors: Fisunov
authors: Laboratory of Proteomic Analysis, Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia.|Laboratory of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia.|Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia.
authors: Vadim
authors: V
authors: Govorun
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D004705:Endocytosis; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D055442:Metabolome; D051379:Mice; D045686:Mycoplasma gallisepticum / Q000502:physiology*; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis; D012692:Serial Passage
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome