title: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Offspring Cardiac Structure and Function in Adolescence.
abstract: Fetal exposure to preeclampsia is associated with higher blood pressure and later risk of stroke. We aimed to investigate the associations of maternal preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and maternal blood pressure change in pregnancy with offspring cardiac structure and function in adolescence.
  
  
  
  Using data from a prospective birth cohort study, we included offspring who underwent echocardiography (mean age, 17.7 years; SD, 0.3; N=1592). We examined whether hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were associated with offspring cardiac structure and systolic/diastolic function using linear regression. Using multilevel linear spline models (measurement occasions within women), we also investigated whether rate of maternal systolic/diastolic blood pressure change during pregnancy (weeks 8-18, 18-30, 30-36, and 36 or more) were associated with offspring outcomes. Main models were typically adjusted for maternal age, offspring age and sex, prepregnancy body mass index, parity, glycosuria/diabetes mellitus, education, and maternal smoking. Exposure to maternal preeclampsia (0.025; 95% CI, 0.008-0.043) and gestational hypertension (0.010; 0.002-0.017) were associated with greater relative wall thickness. Furthermore, preeclampsia was also associated with a smaller left ventricular end-diastolic volume (-9.0 mL; -15 to -3.1). No associations were found between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and offspring cardiac function. Positive rate of maternal systolic blood pressure change during weeks 8 to 18 was associated with greater offspring left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular mass indexed to height2.7, and E/A.
  
  
  
  Adolescent offspring exposed to maternal preeclampsia had greater relative wall thickness and reduced left ventricular end-diastolic volume, which could be early signs of concentric remodeling and affect future cardiac function as well as risk of cardiovascular disease.
authors: Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden simon.timpka@med.lu.se.
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: Timpka
authors: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.|MRC Integrative Epidemiology at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors: Corrie
authors: C
authors: Macdonald-Wallis
authors: Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Alun D
authors: AD
authors: Hughes
authors: Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Nishi
authors: N
authors: Chaturvedi
authors: Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.|Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA.
authors: Paul W
authors: PW
authors: Franks
authors: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.|MRC Integrative Epidemiology at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors: Debbie A
authors: DA
authors: Lawlor
authors: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.|MRC Integrative Epidemiology at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors: Abigail
authors: A
authors: Fraser
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology; D018754:Ventricular Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: ALSPAC; blood pressure; cohort study; concentric remodeling; echocardiography; epidemiology; hypertension; preeclampsia/pregnancy