title: Infection with the Lyme disease pathogen suppresses innate immunity in mice with diet-induced obesity.
abstract: Obesity is a major global public health concern. Immune responses implicated in obesity also control certain infections. We investigated the effects of high-fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) on infection with the Lyme disease bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi in mice. DIO was associated with systemic suppression of neutrophil- and macrophage-based innate immune responses. These included bacterial uptake and cytokine production, and systemic, progressive impairment of bacterial clearance, and increased carditis severity. B. burgdorferi-infected mice fed normal diet also gained weight at the same rate as uninfected mice fed high-fat diet, toll-like receptor 4 deficiency rescued bacterial clearance defects, which greater in female than male mice, and killing of an unrelated bacterium (Escherichia coli) by bone marrow-derived macrophages from obese, B. burgdorferi-infected mice was also affected. Importantly, innate immune suppression increased with infection duration and depended on cooperative and synergistic interactions between DIO and B. burgdorferi infection. Thus, obesity and B. burgdorferi infection cooperatively and progressively suppressed innate immunity in mice.
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Nataliya
authors: N
authors: Zlotnikov
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Ashkan
authors: A
authors: Javid
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Mijhgan
authors: M
authors: Ahmed
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Azad
authors: A
authors: Eshghi
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Tian Tian
authors: TT
authors: Tang
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Anoop
authors: A
authors: Arya
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Anil
authors: A
authors: Bansal
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Fatima
authors: F
authors: Matar
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Maitry
authors: M
authors: Parikh
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Rhodaba
authors: R
authors: Ebady
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Adeline
authors: A
authors: Koh
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Nupur
authors: N
authors: Gupta
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Song
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Mount Sinai Hospital Research Institute/Toronto Centre for Phenogenomics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Newbigging
authors: Division of Infectious Diseases, New York Medical College, New York, USA.
authors: Gary P
authors: GP
authors: Wormser
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, New York, USA.
authors: Ira
authors: I
authors: Schwartz
authors: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto Hospital-Western Division, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Inman
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Glogauer
authors: Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Tara J
authors: 0000-0002-1751-5145
authors: TJ
authors: Moriarty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D025065:Borrelia burgdorferi / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Borrelia burgdorferi; Lyme disease; diseases; host obesity; immunology; infection