title: What are the short-term and long-term effects of occupation-focused and occupation-based occupational therapy in the home on older adults' occupational performance? A systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a lack of evidence-based knowledge about the effectiveness of home-based OT for older adults aimed at improving occupational performance by practicing activities and tasks.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This review synthesizes and discusses evidence for the effectiveness of occupation-focused and occupation-based OT for older adults at home.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peer-reviewed quantitative papers were included.
  
  
  METHODS
  ≥ 60-year-old adults with functional limitations.
  
  
  METHODS
  OT aiming at improving occupational performance, primarily through the practice of activities and tasks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Occupational performance.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Home. Three reviewers critically appraised 13 of 995 detected papers. Extracted data were presented and summarized descriptively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight high-quality papers showed that occupation-focused and occupation-based OT using cognitive, behavioral and environmental strategies may significantly improve occupational performance in older, home-dwelling adults with physical health problems. Maintaining achieved improvements was a consistent challenge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence suggests that older adults' occupational performance can be significantly improved through low-intensity occupation-focused and occupation-based intervention. It is recommended to develop and test high-intensity OT programs and maintenance programs.
authors: a Division of Rehabilitation, DEFACTUM, Central Denmark Region , Aarhus , Denmark.|b VIA Department of Occupational Therapy , Aarhus , Denmark.
authors: Tove Lise
authors: TL
authors: Nielsen
authors: c Department of Health Science and Technology , University of Aalborg , Denmark.
authors: Kirsten Schultz
authors: KS
authors: Petersen
authors: d Department of Public Health, Section for Clinical Social Medicine and Rehabilitation , Aarhus University , Denmark.
authors: Claus Vinther
authors: CV
authors: Nielsen
authors: a Division of Rehabilitation, DEFACTUM, Central Denmark Region , Aarhus , Denmark.|e Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Interdisciplinary Research Unit , Elective Surgery Center , Denmark.
authors: Janni
authors: J
authors: Strøm
authors: a Division of Rehabilitation, DEFACTUM, Central Denmark Region , Aarhus , Denmark.
authors: Monica Milters
authors: MM
authors: Ehlers
authors: a Division of Rehabilitation, DEFACTUM, Central Denmark Region , Aarhus , Denmark.|f Department of Public Health , Section for Nursing Science, Aarhus University , Denmark.
authors: Merete
authors: M
authors: Bjerrum
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
keywords: Activities of daily living; effectiveness; home-based; home-dwelling; instrumental activities of daily living; occupation; rehabilitation