title: Phytomonas (Euglenozoa: Trypanosomatidae): Phylogenetic analyses support infrageneric lineages and a new species transmitted to Solanaceae fruits by a pentatomid hemipteran.
abstract: The genus Phytomonas includes trypanosomatids transmitted to the fruits, latex, and phloem of vascular plants by hemipterans. We inferred the phylogenetic relationships of plant and insect isolates assigned to the previously defined genetic groups A-F and H of Phytomonas, particularly those from groups A, C and E comprising flagellates of Solanaceae fruits. Phylogenetic analyses using glycosomal Glyceraldehyde Phosphate Dehydrogenase (gGAPDH) and Small Subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) genes strongly supported the monophyly of the genus Phytomonas and its division into seven main infrageneric phylogenetic lineages (Phy clades). Isolates from fruit or latex do not constitute monophyletic assemblages but disperse through more than one lineages. In this study, fruit flagellates were distributed in three clades: PhyA, formed by isolates from Solanaceae and phytophagous hemipterans; PhyC comprising flagellates from four plant families; and PhyE, which contains 15 fruit isolates from seven species of Solanaceae. The flagellates of PhyE are described as Phytomonas dolleti n. sp. according to their positioning in phylogenetic trees, complemented by data about their life cycle, and developmental and morphological characteristics in cultures, fruits of Solanum spp., and salivary glands of the vector, the phytophagous hemipteran Arvelius albopunctatus (Pentatomidae).
authors: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Andernice
authors: A
authors: Zanetti
authors: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Robson C
authors: RC
authors: Ferreira
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
authors: Myrna G
authors: MG
authors: Serrano
authors: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Carmen S A
authors: CS
authors: Takata
authors: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Campaner
authors: Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Marcia
authors: M
authors: Attias
authors: Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Wanderley
authors: W
authors: de Souza
authors: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: mmgteix@icb.usp.br.
authors: Marta M G
authors: MM
authors: Teixeira
authors: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Erney P
authors: EP
authors: Camargo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056898:Euglenozoa / Q000145:classification*; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000469:parasitology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000469:parasitology; D019657:Solanaceae / Q000469:parasitology; D013045:Species Specificity
keywords: Fruit trypanosomatids; Host–parasite relationships; Phylogeny; Phytophagous insects; Plant parasites; Taxonomy