title: Optimizing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as drug carriers using an in vitro blood-brain barrier model.
abstract: In the current study, an optimized in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model was established using mouse brain endothelial cells (b.End3) and astrocytes (C8-D1A). Before measuring the permeability of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) samples, the BBB was first examined and confirmed by an immunofluorescent stain and evaluating the transendothelial electrical resistance. After such confirmation, the permeability of the following five previously synthesized SPIONs was determined using this optimized BBB model: 1) GGB (synthesized using glycine, glutamic acid, and bovine serum albumin [BSA]), 2) GGC (glycine, glutamic acid, and collagen), 3) GGP (glycine, glutamic acid, and polyvinyl alcohol), 4) BPC (BSA, polyethylene glycol, and collagen), and 5) CPB (collagen, polyvinyl alcohol, and BSA). More importantly, after the permeability test, transmission electron microscopy thin section technology was used to investigate the mechanism behind this process. Transmission electron microscopy thin section images supported the hypothesis that collagen-coated CPB SPIONs displayed better cellular uptake than glycine and glutamine acid-coated GGB SPIONs. Such experimental data demonstrated how one can modify SPIONs to better deliver drugs to the brain to treat a wide range of neurological disorders.
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Di
authors: D
authors: Shi
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Gujie
authors: G
authors: Mi
authors: Materials Science and Technology Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, India.
authors: Soumya
authors: S
authors: Bhattacharya
authors: Materials Science and Technology Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, India.
authors: Suprabha
authors: S
authors: Nayar
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Thomas J
authors: TJ
authors: Webster
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects*; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010539:Permeability; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C000499:ferric oxide; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D003094:Collagen
keywords: blood–brain barrier; permeability; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles