title: Susceptibility of Ceraeochrysa cubana larvae and adults to six insect growth-regulator insecticides.
abstract: The impacts of six insect growth-regulators were assessed on the predator Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen) larvae and adults. Our results showed that diflubenzuron, lufenuron and pyriproxyfen caused 100% larva mortality, whereas buprofezin, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide were similar to control treatment. In comparison to the control, buprofezin prolonged the duration of larval stage, while methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide reduced the predator larva development time. Buprofezin, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide did not affect the C. cubana duration and survival of pupal stage, fecundity and fertility. However, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide reduced predator female and male longevities. Based on a reduction coefficient, diflubenzuron, lufenuron and pyriproxyfen were highly harmful to first instar larvae, while buprofezin, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide were considered slightly harmful to the predator. Estimating the life table parameters, our results showed that buprofezin, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide reduced the C. cubana Ro, r and λ. In comparison to the control, buprofezin prolonged the T and methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide shortened the predator T. In adults, our results showed that the insecticides did not cause significant mortality, but diflubenzuron, lufenuron and pyriproxyfen reduced the C. cubana fecundity and longevity. Diflubenzuron and lufenuron also reduced the C. cubana fertility. Based on a reduction coefficient, diflubenzuron and lufenuron were highly harmful to C. cubana adults, while pyriproxyfen was slightly harmful and buprofezin, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide were considered harmless to the predator. Therefore, insect growth-regulators affect the C. cubana biological or populational parameters, and they can harm the integrated pest management programs that aim the predator conservation and/or augmentation in agroecosystems.
authors: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of Sao Paulo (ESALQ/USP), 13418-900, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Éric Kodi
authors: ÉK
authors: Ono
authors: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of Sao Paulo (ESALQ/USP), 13418-900, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: odimarzanuzo@gmail.com.
authors: Odimar Zanuzo
authors: OZ
authors: Zanardi
authors: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of Sao Paulo (ESALQ/USP), 13418-900, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Kenia Fernanda
authors: KF
authors: Aguiar Santos
authors: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of Sao Paulo (ESALQ/USP), 13418-900, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Pedro Takao
authors: PT
authors: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D007313:Insecta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007605:Juvenile Hormones / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D011679:Pupa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D007605:Juvenile Hormones
keywords: Insecticides; Lacewings; Life table; Reduction coefficient; Reproduction; Survival