title: Association between Recreational Physical Activity and the Risk of Upper Urinary Calculi.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Upper urinary calculi (UUC) is considered to be a comprehensive disease associated with many risk factors, but the role of physical activity (PA) is undefined. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate this relationship in Asian populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients diagnosed with UUC were the subjects of study and those who participated in a health examination in local medical center were included as controls. Information was collected through the same standard questionnaire. A metabolic equivalent score (METs) was measured for each kind of activity. OR of UUC in categories of PA were determined by logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1,782 controls and 1,517 cases were enrolled. People who took higher PA (5-9.9, 10-19.9, 20-29.9 and >30 METs/wk) weekly were associated with lower risks of UUC than those took lower PA (<4.9 METs/wk) after adjusting for age, ethnicity, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, water intake, history of gout, history of diabetes mellitus, history of supplemental calcium use and history of hypertension (adjusted OR 0.11, 0.32, 0.24, 0.34; 95% CI 0.08-0.15, 0.23-0.43, 0.15-0.40, 0.22-0.53, respectively; p value <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our cross-sectional study, PA was associated with UUC.
authors: Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.
authors: Jian-Xin
authors: JX
authors: Chen
authors: Xiao-Xiang
authors: XX
authors: Yu
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Ye
authors: Xiao-Bo
authors: XB
authors: Yang
authors: Ai-Hua
authors: AH
authors: Tan
authors: Xiao-Ying
authors: XY
authors: Xian
authors: Su-Chun
authors: SC
authors: Wei
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Long
authors: Zeng-Nan
authors: ZN
authors: Mo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002118:Calcium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005006:Ethnicity; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006073:Gout / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013599:Systole; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium
keywords: Physical activity; Upper urinary calculi; Water intake