title: Fast 3D Imaging of Spine, Dendritic, and Neuronal Assemblies in Behaving Animals.
abstract: Understanding neural computation requires methods such as 3D acousto-optical (AO) scanning that can simultaneously read out neural activity on both the somatic and dendritic scales. AO point scanning can increase measurement speed and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by several orders of magnitude, but high optical resolution requires long point-to-point switching time, which limits imaging capability. Here we present a novel technology, 3D DRIFT AO scanning, which can extend each scanning point to small 3D lines, surfaces, or volume elements for flexible and fast imaging of complex structures simultaneously in multiple locations. Our method was demonstrated by fast 3D recording of over 150 dendritic spines with 3D lines, over 100 somata with squares and cubes, or multiple spiny dendritic segments with surface and volume elements, including in behaving animals. Finally, a 4-fold improvement in total excitation efficiency resulted in about 500 × 500 × 650 μm scanning volume with genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs).
authors: Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors: Gergely
authors: G
authors: Szalay
authors: Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Judák
authors: Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1083, Hungary; MTA-PPKE ITK-NAP B-2p Measurement Technology Group, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors: Gergely
authors: G
authors: Katona
authors: MTA-PPKE ITK-NAP B-2p Measurement Technology Group, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors: Katalin
authors: K
authors: Ócsai
authors: Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1083, Hungary; MTA-PPKE ITK-NAP B-2p Measurement Technology Group, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors: Gábor
authors: G
authors: Juhász
authors: Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary.
authors: Máté
authors: M
authors: Veress
authors: Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1083, Hungary; Two-Photon Laboratory, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors: Zoltán
authors: Z
authors: Szadai
authors: Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary.
authors: András
authors: A
authors: Fehér
authors: Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1083, Hungary; Two-Photon Laboratory, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors: Tamás
authors: T
authors: Tompa
authors: Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1083, Hungary; Two-Photon Laboratory, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors: Balázs
authors: B
authors: Chiovini
authors: Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary.
authors: Pál
authors: P
authors: Maák
authors: Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1083, Hungary; Two-Photon Laboratory, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest 1083, Hungary. Electronic address: rozsabal@koki.hu.
authors: Balázs
authors: B
authors: Rózsa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D066146:Cell Body / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003712:Dendrites / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D051379:Mice; D008853:Microscopy; D009474:Neurons / Q000648:ultrastructure; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio