title: Alterations in mRNA and protein expression of glutamate transporters in rat hippocampus after paraoxon exposure.
abstract: Organophosphates affect brain function through a variety of mechanisms beyond their shared role as cholinesterase inhibitors. The aim of the current study was to investigate the changes in the expression of glial (GLAST and GLT-1) and neuronal (EAAC1) glutamate transporters at mRNA and protein levels in paraoxon-treated rat hippocampus. Adult male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally treated with either vehicle (corn oil) or one of three dosages of paraoxon (0.3, 0.7 or 1mg/kg). After 4 or 18h, both hippocampi of each rat were collected to detect mRNA and protein expression of glutamate transporters using the quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. Animals treated with 0.3mg/kg paraoxon showed no difference in mRNA and protein levels of the glutamate transporters when compared with control group. At 4h after exposure with 0.7 and 1mg/kg paraoxon, the expression of GLAST and GLT-1 increased at mRNA and protein levels and remained elevated after 18h. No difference in the expression of EAAC1 at mRNA and protein levels was observed in any paraoxon-treated groups compared with the control group. This study showed an increased expression of glial (GLAST and GLT-1), but not neuronal (EAAC1) glutamate transporters, in adult rat hippocampus following administration of convulsive dosages of paraoxon. These suggest a protective and compensatory adaptation for effective uptake of glutamate in hippocampus induced by paraoxon and thus attenuating seizure activity.
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors: Moslem
authors: M
authors: Mohammadi
authors: Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors: Zohreh
authors: Z
authors: Zare
authors: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors: Esmaeil
authors: E
authors: Allah-Moradi
authors: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors: Narges
authors: N
authors: Vaezi
authors: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Valadan
authors: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Electronic address: drmtehrani@gmail.com.
authors: Mohsen
authors: M
authors: Tehrani
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D027322:Amino Acid Transport System X-AG / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D027341:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D027342:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010261:Paraoxon / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015531:Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D027322:Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D027341:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; D027342:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C493395:Slc1a2 protein, rat; C493392:Slc1a3 protein, rat; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D010261:Paraoxon
keywords: Glutamate transporter; Hippocampus; Paraoxon; mRNA