title: Is Efficacy of the Anti-Cd20 Antibody Rituximab Preventing Hemolysis Due to Passenger Lymphocyte Syndrome?
abstract: Passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS) often occurs after ABO-mismatched solid organ and/or bone marrow transplantation between a donor and recipient. Viable donor B-lymphocytes transferred during organ transplantation produce antibodies against recipient red cell antigens, leading to hemolysis. The incidence of PLS has been reported to be around 9% after renal transplantation. A previous report showed that rituximab (Rit) was useful for treatment of PLS in allogeneic stem cell transplantation, bowel transplant and severe cases of hemolysis. However, the effectiveness of Rit in preventing PLS after renal transplantation has not yet been evaluated. The participants in this study were 85 patients who had undergone ABO-mismatched renal transplantation from January 2005 to April 2013. Rit was administered to these patients before transplantation. None of the patients that received Rit treatment developed PLS. Thus administration of Rit before transplantation effectively controlled the production of antibodies by B-lymphocytes, which probably prevented the development of PLS.
authors: Department of Surgery, Tomishiro Central Hospital, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Kazuma
authors: K
authors: Tsujimura
authors: Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Ishida
authors: Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kazunari
authors: K
authors: Tanabe
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000097:blood*; D001787:Blood Group Incompatibility / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D000069283:Rituximab / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013577:Syndrome; D014019:Tissue Donors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D000069283:Rituximab
keywords: Anti-CD20 antibody; Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia; Minor ABO-mismatched kidney transplantation; Passenger lymphocyte syndrome; Rituximab; Viable donor B-lymphocytes