title: Breastfeeding initiation and support: A literature review of what women value and the impact of early discharge.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Early discharge following birth has become an emerging phenomenon in many countries. It is likely early discharge has an impact on the establishment of breastfeeding.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To critically appraise the evidence on what women value in relation to breastfeeding initiation and support, and investigate the impact early discharge can have on these values.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was conducted for publications since 2005 using the following databases: Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline, Scopus and PsycINFO; 21 primary articles were selected and included in the review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There is no standard definition for 'early discharge' worldwide. Due to inconsistent definitions worldwide and minimal literature using a 24h definition, research defining early discharge as up to 72h postpartum is included. Seven key factors in relation to breastfeeding initiation and support following early discharge were identified, namely trust and security, consistent advice, practical breastfeeding support, breastfeeding education, comfortable environment, positive attitudes and emotional support, and individualised care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest individualised postnatal lengths of stay may be beneficial for the initiation of breastfeeding. Five values were not impacted by early discharge, but rather individual midwives' practice. There is consensus in the literature that early discharge promoted a comfortable environment to support breastfeeding initiation. Wide variations in the definition of early postnatal discharge made it difficult to draw influential conclusions. Therefore, further research is required.
authors: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Australia.
authors: Lucy
authors: L
authors: James
authors: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Australia. Electronic address: linda.sweet@flinders.edu.au.
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Sweet
authors: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Australia.
authors: Roslyn
authors: R
authors: Donnellan-Fernandez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D010351:Patient Discharge; D011181:Postnatal Care / Q000523:psychology*; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy
keywords: Breastfeeding; Early discharge; Initiation or establish; Length of stay; Postnatal care