title: Naoxintong attenuates Ischaemia/reperfusion Injury through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
abstract: Naoxintong (NXT) is a Chinese Materia Medica standardized product extracted from 16 various kinds of Chinese traditional herbal medicines including Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica sinensis, Astragali Radix. Naoxintong is clinically effective in treating ischaemia heart disease. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-Like Receptor with a Pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been critically involved in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Here, we have been suggested that NXT might attenuate myocardial I/R injury via suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Male C57BL6 mice were subjected to myocardial I/R injury via 45 min. coronary ligation and release for the indicated times. Naoxintong (0.7 g/kg/day) and PBS were orally administrated for 2 weeks before surgery. Cardiac function assessed by echocardiography was significantly improved in the NXT group compared to PBS group at day 2 after myocardial I/R. NLRP3 inflammasome activation is crucially involved in the initial inflammatory response after myocardial I/R injury, leading to cleaved caspase-1, mature interleukin (IL)-1β production, accompanying by macrophage and neutrophil infiltration. The cardioprotective effect of NXT was associated with a diminished NLRP3 inflammasome activation, decreased pro-inflammatory macrophage (M1 macrophages) and neutrophil infiltration after myocardial I/R injury. In addition, serum levels of IL-1β, indicators of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, were also significantly suppressed in the NXT treated group after I/R injury. Naoxintong exerts cardioprotive effects at least partly by suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in this I/R injury model.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.|Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yaqiong
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xiaoxiang
authors: X
authors: Yan
authors: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Shouling
authors: S
authors: Mi
authors: SIBS (Institute of Health Sciences)-Changzheng Hospital Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Institutes for Translational Medicine (CAS-SMMU), Shanghai, China.|Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Zhang
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: SIBS (Institute of Health Sciences)-Changzheng Hospital Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Institutes for Translational Medicine (CAS-SMMU), Shanghai, China.|Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yuexiang
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xiaolei
authors: X
authors: Sun
authors: Shandong Buchang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shandong, China.
authors: Buchang
authors: B
authors: Zhao
authors: Shandong Buchang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shandong, China.
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.|Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yunzeng
authors: Y
authors: Zou
authors: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xiaoqiang
authors: X
authors: Ding
authors: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.|Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Aijun
authors: A
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.|Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Junbo
authors: J
authors: Ge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D058847:Inflammasomes; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; C492716:Nlrp3 protein, mouse; C571443:naoxintong; D020170:Caspase 1
keywords: NLRP3 inflammasome; inflammation; ischaemia reperfusion injury; macrophage polarity; naoxintong