title: Effects of Plasma-lyte A, lactated Ringer's, and normal saline on acid-base status and intestine injury in the initial treatment of hemorrhagic shock.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several kinds of crystalloid solutions have been used in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock (HS). Clinicians are faced with how to select the resuscitation fluids. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of 3 crystalloid solutions, such as normal saline (NS), lactated Ringer's (LR), and Plasma-lyte A (PA), on acid-base status and intestine injury in rats subjected to HS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. The sham group had no blood withdrawal. The other groups were subjected to severe HS and then injected with NS, LR, or PA. All treatments were followed with an infusion of red blood cell suspension. The mean arterial pressure was monitored throughout the experiment. The arterial blood gas, malonaldehyde, and myeloperoxidase levels in the small intestine were assayed 120 minutes after resuscitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma-lyte A treatment could restore the pH, base excess (BE), HCO3-, Pao2, and Paco2. Comparing with sham group, NS failed to correct the decreased pH, BE, and HCO3-(P < .05), whereas LR treatment showed the decreased BE and HCO3-(P < .05) and increased Pao2(P < .05). There were no significant differences in malonaldehyde among the 4 groups (P > .05). Both PA and LR were more effective than NS in decreasing the myeloperoxidase level in the small intestine (P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the 3 crystalloid solutions play different roles, PA is better at correcting the acid-base balance and improving intestine injury during HS than NS and LR.
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: wy830111@163.com.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. Electronic address: gw3206@163.com.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Guo
authors: Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. Electronic address: dwgao@ysu.edu.cn.
authors: Dawei
authors: D
authors: Gao
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: bjguoxingyou@163.com.
authors: Guoxing
authors: G
authors: You
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: jnwangbo@sina.com.
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: chenlzu2005@163.com.
authors: Gan
authors: G
authors: Chen
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zhaolian@bmi.ac.cn.
authors: Lian
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zhjingxiang@163.com.
authors: Jingxiang
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zhouhtt1966@163.com.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000293:injuries*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D004573:Electrolytes; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C048013:Plasmalyte A; D009195:Peroxidase