title: Sodium Butyrate Upregulates miR-203 Expression to Exert Anti-Proliferation Effect on Colorectal Cancer Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As the end product of the bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber in the colonic lumen, sodium butyrate (NaBt) has been reported to exert antitumor effects on colorectal cancer (CRC). In addition to functioning as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, NaBt also regulates the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) to inhibit CRC cell proliferation. Yet, the mechanisms involved are not completely understood. Here we investigate whether NaBt regulates miR-203 to inhibit CRC growth and explore the promising target gene of miR-203 in CRC cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted qRT-PCR and Western blotting assays to evaluate the effects of NaBt on the expression of miR-203 and NEDD9 in HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines. The promising target gene of miR-203 was predicted by miRNA target prediction and dual luciferase reporter assay. CRC Cell proliferation, colony formation, cell apoptosis and cell invasion assays were performed to explore the effect of NaBt, miR-203 and NEDD9 on HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that NaBt increased the expression of miR-203 to induce CRC cell apoptosis as well as inhibit cell proliferation, colony formation and cell invasion. Moreover, we determined that the NEDD9 was a target gene of miR-203. NEDD9 partially overcame the inhibitory effects of miR-203 on CRC cell colony formation and invasion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NaBt could induce CRC cell apoptosis, inhibit CRC cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion through miR-203/NEDD9 cascade. The present study may enrich the mechanisms underlying the process that NaBt exerts anti-tumor effects on CRC cells.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Ruirui
authors: R
authors: Han
authors: Qianqian
authors: Q
authors: Sun
authors: Jianbo
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Pengyuan
authors: P
authors: Zheng
authors: Guoqiang
authors: G
authors: Zhao
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C546703:MIRN203 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; C099942:NEDD9 protein, human; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D020148:Butyric Acid; D008156:Luciferases