title: Hydrothermal liquefaction of Cyanidioschyzon merolae and the influence of catalysts on products.
abstract: This work investigates the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Cyanidioschyzon merolae algal species under various reaction temperatures and catalysts. Liquefaction of microalgae was performed with 10% solid loading for 30min at temperatures of 180-300°C to study the influences of two base and two acid catalysts on HTL product fractions. Maximum biocrude oil yield of 16.98% was obtained at 300°C with no catalyst. The biocrude oil yield increased to 22.67% when KOH was introduced into the reaction mixture as a catalyst. The algal biocrude and biochar has a higher heating values (HHV) of 32.22MJkg-1and 20.78MJkg-1respectively when no catalyst was used. Gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOFMS) was employed to analyze the biocrude oil composition, and elemental analysis was performed on the algae, biocrude and biochar samples. Analysis of the HTL aqueous phase revealed the presence of valuable products.
authors: Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA; School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
authors: Tapaswy
authors: T
authors: Muppaneni
authors: Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
authors: Harvind K
authors: HK
authors: Reddy
authors: School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
authors: Thinesh
authors: T
authors: Selvaratnam
authors: Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
authors: Kodanda Phani Raj
authors: KPR
authors: Dandamudi
authors: Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Dungan
authors: Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
authors: Nagamany
authors: N
authors: Nirmalakhandan
authors: Chemical Analysis and Instrumentation Laboratory, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
authors: Tanner
authors: T
authors: Schaub
authors: Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Omar Holguin
authors: Molecular Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
authors: Wayne
authors: W
authors: Voorhies
authors: School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Lammers
authors: Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA; School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. Electronic address: shuguang.deng@asu.edu.
authors: Shuguang
authors: S
authors: Deng
mesh_terms: D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: Algae biocrude; Catalyst; Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction; Elemental analysis