title: Securing safe and informative thoracic CT examinations-Progress of radiation dose reduction techniques.
abstract: The increase in the radiation exposure from CT examinations prompted the investigation on the various dose-reduction techniques. Significant dose reduction has been achieved and the level of radiation exposure of thoracic CT is expected to reach the level equivalent to several chest X-ray examinations. With more scanners with advanced dose reduction capability deployed, knowledge on the radiation dose reduction methods has become essential to clinical practice as well as academic research. This article reviews the history of dose reduction techniques, ongoing changes brought by newer technologies and areas of further investigation.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. Electronic address: tkubo@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Kubo
authors: Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
authors: Yoshiharu
authors: Y
authors: Ohno
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors: Joon Beom
authors: JB
authors: Seo
authors: Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishinara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan.
authors: Tsuneo
authors: T
authors: Yamashiro
authors: Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 91, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
authors: Willi A
authors: WA
authors: Kalender
authors: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Chang Hyun
authors: CH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, A330 Denver, Colorado 80206, United States.
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Lynch
authors: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Hans-Ulrich
authors: HU
authors: Kauczor
authors: Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States. Electronic address: hhatabu@partners.org.
authors: Hiroto
authors: H
authors: Hatabu
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D061214:Patient Safety; D010808:Physical Examination; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards