title: Effectiveness, efficiency and efficacy in the multidimensional treatment of schizophrenia: Rethinking project.
abstract: Schizophrenia is a clinically heterogeneous syndrome affecting multiple dimensions of patients' life. Therefore, its treatment might require a multidimensional approach that should take into account the efficacy (the ability of an intervention to get the desired result under ideal conditions), the effectiveness (the degree to which the intended effect is obtained under routine clinical practice conditions or settings) and the efficiency (value of the intervention as relative to its cost to the individual or society) of any therapeutic intervention. In a first step of the process, a group of 90 national experts from different areas of health-care and with a multidimensional and multidisciplinary perspective of the disease, defined the concepts of efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency of established therapeutic interventions within 7 key dimensions of the illness: symptomatology; comorbidity; relapse and adherence; insight and subjective experience; cognition; quality of life, autonomy and functional capacity; and social inclusion and associated factors. The main conclusions and recommendations of this stage of the work are presented herein.
authors: Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, IDIVAL, CIBERSAM, Santander, España. Electronic address: crespob@unican.es.
authors: Benedicto
authors: B
authors: Crespo-Facorro
authors: Unidad de Esquizofrenia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, España.
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Bernardo
authors: Servicio Catalán de la Salud (CatSalut), Barcelona, España.
authors: Josep Maria
authors: JM
authors: Argimon
authors: Servicio de Psiquiatría, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España.
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Arrojo
authors: Área de Psiquiatría, Psicología Clínica y Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors: Maria Fe
authors: MF
authors: Bravo-Ortiz
authors: Asociación Madrileña de Amigos y Familiares de Personas con Esquizofrenia, Madrid, España.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Cabrera-Cifuentes
authors: Asociación Nacional de Enfermería de Salud, España.
authors: Julián
authors: J
authors: Carretero-Román
authors: Complejo Asistencial de Zamora, Zamora, España.
authors: Manuel A
authors: MA
authors: Franco-Martín
authors: Área de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERSAM, Oviedo, España.
authors: Paz
authors: P
authors: García-Portilla
authors: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
authors: Josep Maria
authors: JM
authors: Haro
authors: Unidad de Psiquiatría, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, España.
authors: José Manuel
authors: JM
authors: Olivares
authors: Unidad de Esquizofrenia, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, España.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Penadés
authors: Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, España.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Del Pino-Montes
authors: Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
authors: Julio
authors: J
authors: Sanjuán
authors: Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, CIBERSAM, Madrid, España.
authors: Celso
authors: C
authors: Arango
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D004526:Efficiency; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D012929:Psychological Distance; D011613:Psychotherapy; D011788:Quality of Life; D012008:Recurrence; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
keywords: Adherence; Adherencia; Antipsicóticos; Antipsychotics; Conciencia de enfermedad; Insight; Negative symptoms; Psychosis; Síntomas negativos