title: Diets Containing Shiitake Mushroom Reduce Serum Lipids and Serum Lipophilic Antioxidant Capacity in Rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously reported that dietary intake of shiitake mushroom (SM; Lentinus edodes) decreased serum concentrations of polar lipids in male rats.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the dietary effects of SM on serum cholesterol-related and serum antioxidant indexes in rats of both sexes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley rats [38 dams and their offspring (20 males and 20 females/diet)] were fed diets containing 0 (control), 1%, 4%, or 10% (wt:wt) SM powder from gestation day 4 through to postnatal day (PND) 126. Biochemical indexes were monitored during the midgrowth phase (PNDs 50-66).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The food consumption by offspring fed the control diet and diets supplemented with SM was not different when measured on PND 65. However, the 4% and 10% SM diets resulted in male rats with 7% lower body weights than those of the other 2 groups on PND 66. SM consumption dose-dependently decreased the concentrations of lipidemia-related factors in sera, irrespective of sex. At PND 50, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol in SM-fed male and female rats were generally lower (3-27%) than those in the corresponding control groups. Consumption of the 10% SM diet resulted in significantly decreased (55%) serum triglyceride concentrations relative to the control groups for both sexes. The 10% SM diet elicited a 62% reduction of serum leptin concentrations in females but not in males, and this same diet increased serum insulin (137%) and decreased serum glucose (15%) in males compared with controls. Serum lipophilic antioxidant capacity in males and females fed SM diets was generally lower (31-86%) than that in the control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SM decreased the concentrations of lipidemia-related factors in rat sera irrespective of sex. The SM-elicited reduction of lipophilic antioxidant capacity irrespective of sex may reflect a lower pro-oxidative state and, hence, improved metabolic profile.
authors: Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR.
authors: Shanggong
authors: S
authors: Yu
authors: Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD; and.
authors: Xianli
authors: X
authors: Wu
authors: Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR.
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Ferguson
authors: Departments of Physiology and Biophysics and.
authors: Rosalia Cm
authors: RC
authors: Simmen
authors: Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors: Mario A
authors: MA
authors: Cleves
authors: Departments of Physiology and Biophysics and simmenfranka@uams.edu NFang@uams.edu.
authors: Frank A
authors: FA
authors: Simmen
authors: Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR; simmenfranka@uams.edu NFang@uams.edu.|Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors: Nianbai
authors: N
authors: Fang
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020942:Shiitake Mushrooms
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D008055:Lipids
keywords: antioxidant capacity; insulin; leptin; rat; sex differences; shiitake