title: Apoptotic forces in tissue morphogenesis.
abstract: It is now well established that apoptosis is induced in response to mechanical strain. Indeed, increasing compressive forces induces apoptosis in confined spheroids of tumour cells, whereas releasing stress reduces apoptosis in spheroids cultivated in free suspension (Cheng et al., 2009). Apoptosis can also be induced by applying a 100 to 250MPa pressure, as shown in different cultured cells (for review, see (Frey et al., 2008)). During epithelium development, the pressure caused by a fast-growing clone can trigger apoptosis at the vicinity of the clone, mediating mechanical cell competition (Levayer et al., 2016). While the effect of strain has long been known for its role in apoptosis induction, the reciprocal mechanism has only recently been highlighted. First demonstrated at the cellular level, the effect of an apoptotic cell on its direct neighbours has been analysed in different kinds of monolayer epithelium (Gu et al., 2011; Rosenblatt et al., 2001; Kuipers et al., 2014; Lubkov & Bar-Sagi, 2014). More recently, the concept of a broader impact of apoptotic cell behaviours on tissue mechanical strain has emerged from the characterisation of tissue remodelling during Drosophila development (Toyama et al., 2008; Monier et al., 2015). In the present review, we summarize our current knowledge on the mechanical impact of apoptosis during tissue remodelling.
authors: LBCMCP UMR5088, Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France.
authors: Arnaud
authors: A
authors: Ambrosini
authors: LBCMCP UMR5088, Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France.
authors: Mélanie
authors: M
authors: Gracia
authors: LBCMCP UMR5088, Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France.
authors: Amsha
authors: A
authors: Proag
authors: LBCMCP UMR5088, Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France.
authors: Mégane
authors: M
authors: Rayer
authors: LBCMCP UMR5088, Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France.
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Monier
authors: LBCMCP UMR5088, Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France. Electronic address: magali.suzanne@univ-tlse3.fr.
authors: Magali
authors: M
authors: Suzanne
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002455:Cell Division; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D007814:Larva / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011679:Pupa / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C121540:dwg protein, Drosophila; C086973:rpr protein, Drosophila