title: Insulin-like growth factor axis targeting in cancer and tumour angiogenesis - the missing link.
abstract: Numerous molecular players in the process of tumour angiogenesis have been shown to offer potential for therapeutic targeting. Initially denoted to be involved in malignant transformation and tumour progression, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signalling axis has been subject to therapeutic interference, albeit with limited clinical success. More recently, IGFs and their receptors have received attention for their contribution to tumour angiogenesis, which offers novel therapeutic opportunities. Here we review the contribution of this signalling axis to tumour angiogenesis, the mechanisms of resistance to therapy and the interplay with other pro-angiogenic pathways, to offer insight in the renewed interest in the application of IGF axis targeting agents in anti-cancer combination therapies.
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, PO box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Judy R
authors: JR
authors: van Beijnum
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, PO box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Wietske
authors: W
authors: Pieters
authors: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
authors: Patrycja
authors: P
authors: Nowak-Sliwinska
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, PO box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Arjan W
authors: AW
authors: Griffioen
mesh_terms: D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011485:Protein Binding; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013002:Somatomedins
keywords: IGF; IGF1R; angiogenesis; cancer; insulin; resistance; therapy