title: Determination of particulate phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their nitrated and oxygenated derivatives using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: An analytical method has been developed for the quantitative determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitrated and oxygenated derivatives (nitro- and oxy-PAHs respectively) in particulate matter (PM) samples. The sample preparation procedure included only a simple and quick sonication-assisted extraction step, clean-up based on addition of water and centrifugation as well as pre-concentration under N2stream. The determination of 16 PAHs and 4 oxy-PAHs was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, while liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used in the case of the 11 investigated nitro-PAHs. The optimized method was fully evaluated in terms of trueness, precision (repeatability), limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), sensitivity and linearity. The LOQ values ranged at pgm-3level for the investigated PAHs (42pgm-3), oxy-PAHs (either 42 or 83pgm-3) and nitro-PAHs (either 83 or 167pgm-3) as well. The developed method was applied for the quantitative determination of PAHs, nitro- and oxy-PAHs in urban PM2.5(particles with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5μm) samples (n=36) collected in Budapest, Hungary. Almost 100% of the PM2.5samples contained the investigated PAHs and oxy-PAHs in detectable and quantifiable amounts; however, the concentration of the nitro-PAHs was generally lower than the corresponding LOD/LOQ values. According to our results, during the 3-year long sampling campaign the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene never exceeded the limit value (1ngm-3) set by the European Commission.
authors: Joint Research and Training Laboratory on Separation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
authors: Zoltán
authors: Z
authors: Nyiri
authors: Joint Research and Training Laboratory on Separation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
authors: Márton
authors: M
authors: Novák
authors: Joint Research and Training Laboratory on Separation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
authors: Zsolt
authors: Z
authors: Bodai
authors: Joint Research and Training Laboratory on Separation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
authors: Bálint Sámuel
authors: BS
authors: Szabó
authors: Joint Research and Training Laboratory on Separation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Wessling International Research and Educational Center, Fóti út 56, H-1047 Budapest, Hungary.
authors: Zsuzsanna
authors: Z
authors: Eke
authors: Laboratory for Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Cooperative Research Centre for Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
authors: Gyula
authors: G
authors: Záray
authors: Laboratory for Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Cooperative Research Centre for Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Electronic address: tamas.szigeti@oki.antsz.hu.
authors: Tamás
authors: T
authors: Szigeti
mesh_terms: D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D002947:Cities; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D009566:Nitrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000737:chemistry*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Method validation; PAHs; Particulate matter; nitro-PAHs; oxy-PAHs