title: Future prospects of therapeutic clinical trials in acute myeloid leukemia.
abstract: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a markedly heterogeneous hematological malignancy that is most commonly seen in elderly adults. The response to current therapies to AML is quite variable, and very few new drugs have been recently approved for use in AML. This review aims to discuss the issues with current trial design for AML therapies, including trial end points, patient enrollment, cost of drug discovery and patient heterogeneity. We also discuss the future directions in AML therapeutics, including intensification of conventional therapy and new drug delivery mechanisms; targeted agents, including epigenetic therapies, cell cycle regulators, hypomethylating agents and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy; and detail of the possible agents that may be incorporated into the treatment of AML in the future.
authors: Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: Maliha
authors: M
authors: Khan
authors: Aga Khan University Medical College, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors: Armaghan-E-Rehman
authors: AE
authors: Mansoor
authors: Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: Tapan M
authors: TM
authors: Kadia
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016527:Drug Costs; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D012107:Research Design; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: AML; clinical trials; future direction