title: Enhanced biomass production through optimization of carbon source and utilization of wastewater as a nutrient source.
abstract: The study aimed to utilize the domestic wastewater as nutrient feedstock for mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae by evaluating appropriate carbon source. The microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated in municipal wastewater under various carbon sources (glucose, glycerol, and acetate), followed by optimization of appropriate carbon source concentration to augment the biomass, lipid, and carbohydrate contents. Under optimized conditions, namely of 5 g/L glucose, C. vulgaris showed higher increments of biomass with 1.39 g/L dry cell weight achieving biomass productivity of 0.13 g/L/d. The biomass accumulated 19.29 ± 1.83% total lipid, 41.4 ± 1.46% carbohydrate, and 33.06 ± 1.87% proteins. Moreover, the cultivation of Chlorella sp. in glucose-supplemented wastewater removed 96.9% chemical oxygen demand, 65.3% total nitrogen, and 71.2% total phosphate. The fatty acid methyl ester obtained showed higher amount (61.94%) of saturated fatty acid methyl esters associated with the improved fuel properties. These results suggest that mixotrophic cultivation using glucose offers great potential in the production of renewable biomass, wastewater treatment, and consequent production of high-value microalgal oil.
authors: Department of Energy and Environment Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210701, South Korea.
authors: Prabuddha L
authors: PL
authors: Gupta
authors: Department of Energy and Environment Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210701, South Korea.
authors: Hee-Jeong
authors: HJ
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Energy and Environment Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210701, South Korea.
authors: Radheshyam R
authors: RR
authors: Pawar
authors: Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea. Electronic address: sokheejung@chonnam.ac.kr.
authors: Sokhee P
authors: SP
authors: Jung
authors: Department of Energy and Environment Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210701, South Korea. Electronic address: leesm@cku.ac.kr.
authors: Seung-Mok
authors: SM
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D018533:Biomass; D048408:Chlorella vulgaris / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D058086:Microalgae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D062065:Wastewater
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen; D010710:Phosphates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Biomass; Glucose; Microalgae; Mixotrophy; Wastewater