title: Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats: Modulation of oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammatory parameters.
abstract: The current study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC; 100 mg/kg) on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (5 mg/kg; intratracheal) in rats.
  
  
  
  Rats were randomly assigned to three groups: normal control, bleomycin control, and PDTC-treated groups. Lung injury was evaluated through histological examination, immunohistochemical detection of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lung tissue and evaluating the total and differential leucocytes count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Lung tissue was used for biochemical assessment of lung content of hydroxyproline, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as well as analysis of lipid peroxides, reduced glutathione (GSH), and total nitrite contents.
  
  
  
  PDTC attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis as evidenced by histological observations, decreased iNOS expression and prevention of bleomycin-induced altered total and differential leukocytes count. Additionally, PDTC caused a significant decrease in lung contents of hydroxyproline, TGF-β1, TNF-α, lipid peroxides, and total nitrite coupled with increase in lung GSH content as compared to bleomycin control group.
  
  
  
  PDTC attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifibrotic activities.
authors: a Pharmacology & Toxicology Department , Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts , Cairo , Egypt.
authors: Mai A
authors: MA
authors: Zaafan
authors: b Pharmacology & Toxicology Department , Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Giza , Egypt.
authors: Hala F
authors: HF
authors: Zaki
authors: a Pharmacology & Toxicology Department , Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts , Cairo , Egypt.
authors: Amany I
authors: AI
authors: El-Brairy
authors: b Pharmacology & Toxicology Department , Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Giza , Egypt.
authors: Sanaa A
authors: SA
authors: Kenawy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D001761:Bleomycin; C020972:pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid
keywords: bleomycin; nitric oxide; pulmonary fibrosis; pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate; tumor necrosis factor-alpha