title: [Increasing incidence of community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical microorganisms].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Knowing the most common microorganisms in our environment can help us to make proper empirical treatment decisions. The aim is to identify those microorganisms causing community-acquired pneumonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational, descriptive and prospective study was conducted, including patients over 14 years with a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia during a 383 consecutive day period. A record was made of sociodemographic variables, personal history, prognostic severity scales, progress, and pathogenic agents. The aetiological diagnosis was made using blood cultures, detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila urinary antigens, sputum culture, influenza virus and Streptococcus pyogenes detection. Categorical variables are presented as absolute values and percentages, and continuous variables as their means and standard deviations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 287 patients included in the study (42% women, mean age 66±22 years), 10.45% died and 70% required hospital admission. An aetiological diagnosis was achieved in 43 patients (14.98%), with 16 microorganisms found in 59 positive samples. The most frequently isolated pathogen was Streptococcus pneumonia (24/59, 41%), followed by gram-negative enteric bacilli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter cloacae isolated in 20% of the samples (12/59), influenza virus (5/59, 9%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (3/59, 5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2/59, 3%), Moraxella catarrhalis (2/59, 3%), Legionella pneumophila (2/59, 3%), and Haemophilus influenza (2/59, 3%). Polymicrobial infections accounted for 14% (8/59).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high percentage of atypical microorganisms causing community-acquired pneumonia were found.
authors: Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital de Laredo, Laredo, Cantabria, España. Electronic address: tazovare@yahoo.es.
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Tazón-Varela
authors: Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, España.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Alonso-Valle
authors: Unidad Docente Gerencia de Atención Primaria Santander-Laredo, Laredo, Cantabria, España.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Muñoz-Cacho
authors: Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital del Bierzo, Ponferrada, León, España.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Gallo-Terán
authors: Centro de Salud Cotolino I, Castro Urdiales, Cantabria, España.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Piris-García
authors: Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital de Laredo, Laredo, Cantabria, España.
authors: L A
authors: LA
authors: Pérez-Mier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: Atención de urgencia; Disease transmission; Emergency care; Enterobacteriaceae infections; Infecciones por enterobacterias; Infecciosas; Infectious; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Neumonía; Pneumonia; Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina; Transmisión de enfermedades