title: Prevalence of Trachoma in Katsina State, Nigeria: Results of 34 District-Level Surveys.
abstract: To determine the local government area (LGA)-level prevalence of trachoma in all 34 LGAs of Katsina State.
  
  
  
  A population-based prevalence survey was conducted in each LGA of Katsina State, using the Global Trachoma Mapping Project methodology. We used a 3-stage cluster random sampling strategy to select 25 households from each of 25 clusters. We examined all residents of selected households aged 1 year and older for the clinical signs of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), trachomatous inflammation-intense and trichiasis, using the World Health Organization (WHO) simplified grading scheme.
  
  
  
  We examined 129,281 persons. Six LGAs had a TF prevalence ≥10%, and another six LGAs had a TF prevalence between 5% and 9.9%; all 12 require mass drug administration with azithromycin plus other interventions. The prevalence of trichiasis was ≥1.0% in 13 LGAs, and there is a need to perform trichiasis surgery in over 26,000 persons to reach targets set by the WHO for elimination of trichiasis.
  
  
  
  The prevalence of TF is generally low in Katsina state, but urgent steps must be taken to implement the full SAFE strategy (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, environmental improvement) in at least 12 LGAs while also stepping up efforts to provide community-based trichiasis surgery throughout the whole state, in order to make trachoma elimination by 2020 a reality.
authors: a Department of Ophthalmology , University of Jos , Jos , Nigeria.|b Sightsavers , Kaduna , Nigeria.
authors: Caleb
authors: C
authors: Mpyet
authors: c Ophthalmology Department , Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital , Sokoto , Nigeria.
authors: Nasiru
authors: N
authors: Muhammad
authors: c Ophthalmology Department , Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital , Sokoto , Nigeria.
authors: Mohammed Dantani
authors: MD
authors: Adamu
authors: d Ministry of Health , Kaduna State , Nigeria.
authors: Habila
authors: H
authors: Muazu
authors: e National Eye Center , Kaduna , Nigeria.
authors: Murtala Mohammad
authors: MM
authors: Umar
authors: f Netherlands Leprosy Relief, Jos , Nigeria.
authors: Musa
authors: M
authors: Goyol
authors: g National Trachoma Control Program, Department of Public Health , Federal Ministry of Health , Abuja , Nigeria.
authors: Uwazoeke
authors: U
authors: Onyebuchi
authors: h Helen Keller International , Nigeria.
authors: Ima
authors: I
authors: Chima
authors: i Katsina State Ministry of Health , Katsina , Nigeria.
authors: Haliru
authors: H
authors: Idris
authors: b Sightsavers , Kaduna , Nigeria.
authors: Adamani
authors: A
authors: William
authors: b Sightsavers , Kaduna , Nigeria.
authors: Sunday
authors: S
authors: Isiyaku
authors: g National Trachoma Control Program, Department of Public Health , Federal Ministry of Health , Abuja , Nigeria.
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Nwobi
authors: j Task Force for Global Health , Decatur , GA , USA.
authors: Rebecca Mann
authors: RM
authors: Flueckiger
authors: j Task Force for Global Health , Decatur , GA , USA.
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Willis
authors: j Task Force for Global Health , Decatur , GA , USA.
authors: Alexandre
authors: A
authors: Pavluck
authors: j Task Force for Global Health , Decatur , GA , USA.
authors: Brian K
authors: BK
authors: Chu
authors: g National Trachoma Control Program, Department of Public Health , Federal Ministry of Health , Abuja , Nigeria.
authors: Nicholas
authors: N
authors: Olobio
authors: k Clinical Research Department , London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , London , UK.|l London Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Research , London , UK.
authors: Anthony W
authors: AW
authors: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene / Q000592:standards; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012499:Sanitation / Q000592:standards; D014141:Trachoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D058457:Trichiasis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000592:standards; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Blindness; SAFE strategy; mass drug administration; trachoma prevalence; trichiasis