title: CD8+ and FoxP3+ T-cell infiltration in actinic cheilitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Differences in immune profile between actinic cheilitis (AC), a precursor of lip squamous cell carcinoma, and normal lip vermillion (NL) have not been elucidated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare density, distribution, and ratios of CD8+ and FoxP3+ cells between AC and NL and assess their associations with clinicopathologic variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of AC and NL obtained between 2001 and 2013 at the College of Dentistry of the University of Concepcion, Chile, were retrospectively analyzed for immunohistochemical detection of CD8+ and FoxP3+ cells. Differences between groups were tested by Mann-Whitney U and Fisher's exact tests. Independent effects of cell densities and CD8/FoxP3 ratio with AC were assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis after adjustment for potential confounding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 62 AC and 24 NL biopsies were included. Densities of CD8+ and FoxP3+ cells in AC were significantly higher than in NL. Conversely, the CD8+/FoxP3+ ratio was significantly lower in AC as compared to NL. After adjustment for sun exposure, age, gender, and smoking status, a stromal FoxP3+ cell density higher than 0.35 cells/field was significantly associated with increased odds of AC (odds ratio [OR] = 5.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-21.31), while a stromal CD8+/FoxP3+ ratio higher than 5.91 was associated with decreased odds of AC (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.08-1.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AC is characterized by increased FoxP3+ cell infiltration and a reduced CD8/FoxP3 ratio as compared to NL. Therefore, increased infiltration of FoxP3+ cells relative to CD8+ cells may contribute to the transition from normal to preneoplastic stages in lip carcinogenesis.
authors: Department of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.|Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Isolde G
authors: IG
authors: Rojas
authors: Anatomopathology Section, Regional Hospital of Concepción "Dr. Guillermo Grant Benavente", Concepción, Chile.
authors: Maria L
authors: ML
authors: Spencer
authors: Department of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors: Paulina A
authors: PA
authors: Zapata
authors: Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors: Alejandra
authors: A
authors: Martínez
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology Section, College of Medicine, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors: Rosario
authors: R
authors: Alarcón
authors: Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors: Francisco J
authors: FJ
authors: Marchesani
authors: Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Mine
authors: M
authors: Tezal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000276:immunology; D002613:Cheilitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000276:immunology; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors