title: Assessment of Fosfomycin for Complicated or Multidrug-Resistant Urinary Tract Infections: Patient Characteristics and Outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bacterial resistance among uropathogens is on the rise and has led to a decreased effectiveness of oral therapies. Fosfomycin tromethamine (fosfomycin) is indicated for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and displays in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates; however, clinical data assessing fosfomycin for the treatment of complicated or MDR UTIs are limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective evaluation of patients who received ≥1 dose of fosfomycin between January 2009 and September 2015 for treatment of a UTI. Patients were included if they had a positive urine culture and documented signs/symptoms of a UTI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-seven patients were included; 44 (77.2%) had complicated UTIs, 36 (63.2%) had MDR UTIs, and a total of 23 (40.4%) patients had a UTI that was both complicated and MDR. The majority of patients were female (66.7%) and elderly (median age, 79 years). Overall, the most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (n = 28), Enterococcus spp. (n = 22), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 8). Twenty-eight patients (49.1%) were clinically evaluable; the preponderance achieved clinical success (96.4%). Fifteen out of 20 (75%) patients with repeat urine cultures had a microbiological cure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This retrospective study adds to the limited literature exploring alternative therapies for complicated and MDR UTIs with results providing additional evidence that fosfomycin may be an effective oral option.
authors: Department of Pharmacy and Health Systems Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Mass., USA.
authors: Stephanie E
authors: SE
authors: Giancola
authors: Monica V
authors: MV
authors: Mahoney
authors: Michael D
authors: MD
authors: Hogan
authors: Brian R
authors: BR
authors: Raux
authors: Christopher
authors: C
authors: McCoy
authors: Elizabeth B
authors: EB
authors: Hirsch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005578:Fosfomycin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005578:Fosfomycin