title: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and negative affect during tobacco withdrawal in a non-clinical sample of African American smokers.
abstract: The association between obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptomatology and smoking is poorly understood, particularly in African Americans-a group subject to smoking- and OC-related health disparities. In a non-clinical sample of 253 African American smokers, we tested the negative reinforcement model of OC-smoking comorbidity, purporting that smokers with higher OC symptoms experience greater negative affect (NA) and urge to smoke for NA suppression upon acute tobacco abstinence. Following a baseline visit involving OC assessment, participants completed two counterbalanced experimental visits (non-abstinent vs. 16-h tobacco abstinence) involving affect, smoking urge, and nicotine withdrawal assessment. OC symptom severity predicted larger abstinence-provoked increases in overall NA, anger, anxiety, depression, fatigue, urge to smoke to suppress NA, and composite nicotine withdrawal symptom index. African American smokers with elevated OC symptoms appear to be vulnerable to negative reinforcement-mediated smoking motivation and may benefit from cessation treatments that diminish NA or the urge to quell NA via smoking.
authors: University of Southern California, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Mariel S
authors: MS
authors: Bello
authors: University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Raina D
authors: RD
authors: Pang
authors: Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors: Gregory S
authors: GS
authors: Chasson
authors: University of California Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Lara A
authors: LA
authors: Ray
authors: University of Southern California, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA; University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: adam.leventhal@usc.edu.
authors: Adam M
authors: AM
authors: Leventhal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000786:Anger; D001007:Anxiety; D003863:Depression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009341:Negativism; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000074285:Smokers / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: African Americans; Health disparities; Negative affect; Obsessive-compulsive symptoms; Smoking; Tobacco withdrawal