title: The prevalence of expression of MAGE-A3 and PRAME tumor antigens in East and South East Asian non-small cell lung cancer patients.
abstract: Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an important and often unmet medical need regardless of the disease stage at the time of first diagnosis. Antigen-specific immunotherapy may be a feasible therapeutic option if tumor associated antigens (TAAs) that can be targeted by the patient's immune system are identified. The study objective (NCT01837511) was to investigate the expression rates of MAGE-A3 and PRAME in tumors from East Asian NSCLC patients, and the associations between TAA expression and clinico-pathologic patient characteristics.
  
  
  
  Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue specimens were tested for MAGE-A3 and PRAME expression by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Exploratory analyses of the impact of patient and tumor characteristics on antigen expression were performed by multivariate logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  
  A total of 377 specimens were tested and a valid expression result was obtained for 86.5% and 92.6% for MAGE-A3 and PRAME, respectively. Of the specimens with valid test results, 26.4% expressed MAGE-A3, 49.9% PRAME, 20.0% both and 57.5% expressed at least one TAA. The same pattern of associations between antigen expression and patient and tumor characteristics was found for both TAAs: higher rates of antigen-positive tumors were found in squamous cell carcinomas compared to adenocarcinomas, and for smokers compared to non-smokers.
  
  
  
  Expression of MAGE-A3 and PRAME suggests an association with tumor histology and the patient's smoking status. The rates of TAA-positive tumors found in these East and South East Asian NSCLC patients indicate that both antigens may serve as targets for antigen-specific immunotherapies.
authors: Wattanosoth Hospital and Bangkok Chiang Mai Hospital, Thanuspong Soi 8, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Electronic address: sthongpr@mail.med.cmu.ac.th.
authors: Sumitra
authors: S
authors: Thongprasert
authors: National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan. Electronic address: pcyang@ntu.edu.tw.
authors: Pan-Chyr
authors: PC
authors: Yang
authors: Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: jayslee@amc.seoul.kr.
authors: Jung Shin
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: National University Cancer Institute, Singapore 119074, Singapore. Electronic address: ross_soo@nuhs.edu.sg.
authors: Ross
authors: R
authors: Soo
authors: GSK, Rue de l'Institut 89, Rixensart 1330, Belgium. Electronic address: olivier.gruselle@gsk.com.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Gruselle
authors: GSK, Rue de l'Institut 89, Rixensart 1330, Belgium. Electronic address: myo.aung@merck.com.
authors: Aung
authors: A
authors: Myo
authors: GSK, Rue de l'Institut 89, Rixensart 1330, Belgium. Electronic address: jamila.x.louahed@gsk.com.
authors: Jamila
authors: J
authors: Louahed
authors: GSK, Rue de l'Institut 89, Rixensart 1330, Belgium. Electronic address: Lehmann.frederic@gmail.com.
authors: Frédéric F
authors: FF
authors: Lehmann
authors: GSK, Rue de l'Institut 89, Rixensart 1330, Belgium. Electronic address: vincent.brichard@vianova-biosciences.com.
authors: Vincent G
authors: VG
authors: Brichard
authors: GSK, Rue de l'Institut 89, Rixensart 1330, Belgium. Electronic address: Thierry3103@gmail.com.
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Coche
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D001210:Asia, Southeastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005202:Asia, Eastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C072013:MAGEA3 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C404944:PRAME protein, human
keywords: Antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy; MAGE-A3 antigen; Non-small cell lung cancer; PRAME antigen; Tumor-associated antigens