title: Secreted Phosphoprotein 24 kD Inhibits Growth of Human Prostate Cancer Cells Stimulated by BMP-2.
abstract: Secreted phosphoprotein 24 kD (spp24) has been shown to inhibit bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)-induced cancer growth in several tumor models. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects spp24 on the growth of prostate cancer caused by BMP2 in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  
  The effects of BMP2 and spp24 on PC-3 cell viability were analyzed using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. A subcutaneous tumor model and intratibial tumor model was established using PC-3 cells. Tumor growth was assessed through gross examination and radiography during the experiment. Then, after sacrifice, tumor cell apoptosis and tumor cell proliferation were assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunochemical analysis.
  
  
  
  BMP2 stimulated the PC-3 cell proliferation in vitro and spp24 could abolish the effect of BMP2. In a xeneograft tumor model, BMP2 promoted the subcutaneous and intratibial tumor growth, while spp24 dramatically inhibited the tumor growth induced by BMP2. Histological examination showed that spp24 also abolished the BMP2-induced proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and promoted tumor cell apoptosis.
  
  
  
  Spp24 can inhibit the growth of prostate cancer and its bone metastasis induced by BMP2; spp24 may have great potential to be a therapeutic agent in clinical situations.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors: Lifeng
authors: L
authors: Lao
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
authors: Jia
authors: J
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
authors: Haijun
authors: H
authors: Tian
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
authors: Qingqiang
authors: Q
authors: Yao
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
authors: Yawei
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China lqianrj@sina.com.
authors: Lie
authors: L
authors: Qian
authors: Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Sepulveda, CA, U.S.A.|Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.|Biomedical Engineering Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
authors: Samuel S
authors: SS
authors: Murray
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
authors: Jeffrey C
authors: JC
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C091340:secreted phosphoprotein 24
keywords: Prostate cancer; bone metastasis; bone morphogenetic protein 2; secreted phosphoprotein 24 kD