title: Platelet rich plasma releasate promotes proliferation of skeletal muscle cells in association with upregulation of PCNA, cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases.
abstract: Platelet rich plasma (PRP) contains various cytokines and growth factors which may be beneficial to the healing process of injured muscle. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of PRP releasate on proliferation of skeletal muscle cells. Skeletal muscle cells intrinsic to Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with PRP releasate. Cell proliferation was evaluated by 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol- 2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and immunocytochemistry with Ki-67 stain. Flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate the cell cycle progression. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the protein expressions of PCNA, cyclin E1, cyclin A2, cyclin B1, cyclin dependent kinase (cdk)1 and cdk2. The results revealed that PRP releasate enhanced proliferation of skeletal muscle cells by shifting cells from G1 phase to S phase and G2/M phases. Ki-67 stain revealed the increase of proliferative capability after PRP releasate treatment. Protein expressions including cyclin A2, cyclin B1, cdk1, cdk2 and PCNA were up-regulated by PRP releasate in a dose-dependent manner. It was concluded that PRP releasate promoted proliferation of skeletal muscle cells in association with the up-regulated protein expressions of PCNA, cyclin A2, cyclin B1, cdk1 and cdk2.
authors: a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.|b College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.
authors: Wen-Chung
authors: WC
authors: Tsai
authors: a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.
authors: Tung-Yang
authors: TY
authors: Yu
authors: a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.|c Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.
authors: Li-Ping
authors: LP
authors: Lin
authors: a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.
authors: Miao-Sui
authors: MS
authors: Lin
authors: a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.
authors: Yi-Cheng
authors: YC
authors: Wu
authors: a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.|b College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.
authors: Chih-Hao
authors: CH
authors: Liao
authors: a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.|c Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan City , Taiwan.
authors: Jong-Hwei S
authors: JS
authors: Pang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D056751:Cyclin A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D056744:Cyclin B1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C503722:Ccna2 protein, rat; C534701:Ccnb1 protein, rat; D056751:Cyclin A2; D056744:Cyclin B1; D016213:Cyclins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; C548796:Cdk1 protein, rat; C495892:Cdk2 protein, rat; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
keywords: Cell cycle; PRP; proliferation; skeletal muscle cells