title: Healthcare professionals' assertions and women's responses during labour: A conversation analytic study of data from One born every minute.
abstract: Communication during labour is consequential for women's experience yet analyses of situated labour-ward interaction are rare. This study demonstrates the value of explicating the interactional practices used to initiate 'decisions' during labour.
  
  
  
  Interactions between 26 labouring women, their birth partners and HCPs were transcribed from the British television programme, One Born Every Minute. Conversation analysis was used to examine how decisions were initiated and accomplished in interaction.
  
  
  
  HCPs initiate decision-making using interactional practices that vary the 'optionality' afforded labouring women in the responsive turn. Our focus here is on the minimisation of optionality through 'assertions'. An 'assertive' turn-design (e.g. 'we need to…') conveys strong expectation of agreement. HCPs assert decisions in contexts of risk but also in contexts of routine activities. Labouring women tend to acquiesce to assertions.
  
  
  
  The expectation of agreement set up by an assertive initiating turn can reduce women's opportunities to participate in shared decision-making (SDM).
  
  
  
  When decisions are asserted by HCPs there is a possible dissonance between the tenets of SDM in British health policy and what occurs in situ. This highlights an educational need for HCPs in how best to afford labouring women more optionality, particularly in low-risk contexts.
authors: University of York, United Kingdom. Electronic address: clare.jackson@york.ac.uk.
authors: Clare
authors: C
authors: Jackson
authors: University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Land
authors: University of York, United Kingdom.
authors: Edward J B
authors: EJ
authors: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001242:Assertiveness; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003142:Communication; D003657:Decision Making; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D010358:Patient Participation; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011247:Pregnancy
keywords: Childbirth; Conversation analysis; Medical interaction; Shared decision-making