title: Toxic effect of two kinds of mineral collectors on soil microbial richness and activity: analysis by microcalorimetry, microbial count, and enzyme activity assay.
abstract: Flotation reagents are hugely and increasingly used in mining and other industrial and economic activities from which an important part is discharged into the environment. China could be the most affected country by the resulting pollution. However, their ecotoxicological dimension is still less addressed and understood. This study aimed to analyze the toxic effect of sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) and sodium isopropyl xanthate (SIPX) to soil microbial richness and activity and to make a comparison between the two compounds in regard to their effects on soil microbial and enzymes activities. Different methods, including microcalorimetry, viable cell counts, cell density, and catalase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrololase activities measurement, were applied. The two chemicals exhibited a significant inhibitory effect (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) to all parameters, SIPX being more adverse than SIBX. As the doses of SIBX and SIPX increased from 5 to 300 μg g-1soil, their inhibitory ratio ranged from 4.84 to 45.16 % and from 16.13 to 69.68 %, respectively. All parameters fluctuated with the incubation time (10-day period). FDA hydrolysis was more directly affected but was relatively more resilient than catalase activity. Potential changes of those chemicals in the experimental media and complementarity between experimental techniques were justified.
authors: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering and National International Cooperation Base on Environmental and Energy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, 100083, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Prudence
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0259-1601
authors: P
authors: Bararunyeretse
authors: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering and National International Cooperation Base on Environmental and Energy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, 100083, Beijing, People's Republic of China. yaojun@ustb.edu.cn.|School of water resource and Environment Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint laboratory of Environmental Science and Health, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China. yaojun@ustb.edu.cn.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Yao
authors: School of water resource and Environment Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint laboratory of Environmental Science and Health, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
authors: Yunrong
authors: Y
authors: Dai
authors: Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi.
authors: Samuel
authors: S
authors: Bigawa
authors: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering and National International Cooperation Base on Environmental and Energy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, 100083, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zunwei
authors: Z
authors: Guo
authors: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering and National International Cooperation Base on Environmental and Energy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, 100083, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Mijia
authors: M
authors: Zhu
mesh_terms: D044822:Biodiversity; D002151:Calorimetry / Q000379:methods; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism*; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D008906:Mining; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013871:Thiones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D013871:Thiones; C118698:propylxanthate; C027826:isobutyl xanthate; D002374:Catalase
keywords: Decomposition products; Enzyme activity; Microcalorimetry; Sodium isobutyl xanthate; Sodium isopropyl xanthate; Toxicity