title: Elevated carbon dioxide has limited acute effects on Lepomis macrochirus behaviour.
abstract: The current study investigated the behavioural response of Lepomis macrochirus following exposures to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2). For this, L. macrochirus were held at ambient pCO2(160 μatm pCO2) for 7 days, then exposed to elevated pCO2(8300 μatm pCO2) for 5 days, and then returned to ambient conditions for a further 5 days to recover. At the end of each exposure period, several behavioural metrics were quantified (boldness, lateralization and activity). Data showed no change in lateralization and most metrics associated with performance and boldness. During the boldness test, however, average velocity, velocity in the thigmotaxis (outer) zone and proportion of activity in the thigmotaxis zone increased with pCO2exposure. During post-exposure, average velocity of L. macrochirus decreased. In addition, individual rank was repeatable during the pre-exposure and post-exposure period in three of the 17 metrics investigated (average velocity in the middle zone, average velocity near object and total shuttles to the object zone), but not during the CO2exposure period, suggesting that elevated pCO2disrupted some behavioural performances. Overall, this study found elevated pCO2caused disruption to behaviours of freshwater fishes such as L. macrochirus and effects do not appear to be as serious as has been shown for marine fishes.
authors: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, W-503 Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A.
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Tix
authors: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, W-503 Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A.
authors: C T
authors: CT
authors: Hasler
authors: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, W-503 Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Sullivan
authors: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, W-503 Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A.
authors: J D
authors: JD
authors: Jeffrey
authors: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, W-503 Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A.
authors: C D
authors: CD
authors: Suski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000502:physiology*; D005618:Fresh Water; D010473:Perciformes / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: acidification; bluegill; boldness; climate change; fresh water; lateralization