title: Evaluation of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Cholera, Water Treatment, Hygiene, and Sanitation Before and After an Oral Cholera Vaccination Campaign-Haiti, 2013-2014.
abstract: In 2013, the Government of Haiti implemented its first oral cholera vaccine (OCV) campaign in Petite Anse, an urban setting, and Cerca Carvajal, a rural commune. We conducted and compared responses to two independent cross-sectional knowledge and practices household surveys pre- (N = 297) and post- (N = 302) OCV campaign in Petite Anse. No significant differences in knowledge about causes, symptoms, and prevention of cholera were noted. Compared with precampaign respondents, fewer postcampaign respondents reported treating (66% versus 27%, P < 0.001) and covering (96% versus 89%, P = 0.02) their drinking water. Compared with precampaign, postcampaign survey household observations showed increased availability of soap (16.2% versus 34.5%, P = 0.001) and handwashing stations (14.7% versus 30.1%, P = 0.01), but no significant changes in handwashing practices were reported. Although there was no change in knowledge, significant decreases in water treatment practices necessary for cholera and other diarrheal diseases prevention were noted in the postcampaign survey. Future OCV campaigns in Haiti should be used as an opportunity to emphasize the importance of maintaining good water, sanitation, and hygiene practices, and include a comprehensive, integrated approach for cholera control.
authors: Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Earn and Learn Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Lana
authors: L
authors: Childs
authors: Ministry of Public Health and Population, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
authors: Jeannot
authors: J
authors: François
authors: Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Earn and Learn Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Alina
authors: A
authors: Choudhury
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Kathleen
authors: K
authors: Wannemuehler
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Amber
authors: A
authors: Dismer
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Terri B
authors: TB
authors: Hyde
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Catherine Y
authors: CY
authors: Yen
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Kashmira A
authors: KA
authors: Date
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
authors: Stanley
authors: S
authors: Juin
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Katz
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Erica Felker
authors: EF
authors: Kantor
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Janell
authors: J
authors: Routh
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
authors: Melissa
authors: M
authors: Etheart
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors: Tracie
authors: T
authors: Wright
authors: Ministry of Public Health and Population, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Adrien
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. rtohme@cdc.gov.
authors: Rania A
authors: RA
authors: Tohme
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022121:Cholera Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006205:Haiti / Q000453:epidemiology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D017589:Immunization Programs; D012424:Rural Population; D012499:Sanitation; D014611:Vaccination; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D022121:Cholera Vaccines