title: Histamine and Histamine Receptors in Allergic Dermatitis.
abstract: In this chapter we will first introduce the pathophysiological process of several skin diseases including allergic dermatitis, a common skin disease, including chronic allergic contact dermatitis (CACD), and atopic dermatitis (AD). In CACD and AD patients, repeated skin exposure to antigens contributes to the development of chronic eczematous lesions. Repeated application of haptens on mice allows emulation of the development of CACD in humans. Further, we will focus on H1, H2, and H4 histamine receptors and their effects on CACD and AD. Histamine-deficient mice, with a knockout histidine decarboxylase (HDC) gene, were used to investigate the role of histamine in CACD and AD. Histamine induces infiltration of inflammatory cells, including mast cells and eosinophils, and elevates Th2 cytokine levels in CACD. Histamine promotes the development of eczematous lesions, elevates IgE serum levels, and induces scratching behavior in CACD. The administration of H1 or H4 receptor antagonists was effective to ameliorate these symptoms in murine CACD models. The combination of H1 and H4 receptor antagonists is a potential therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as CACD and AD, since combined therapy proved to be more effective than monotherapy.
authors: Applied Quantum Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. hiroshi.ohtsu@gmail.com.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Ohtsu
authors: Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Sagami Women's Junior College, Sagamihara, Japan.
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Seike
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D011968:Receptors, Histamine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011968:Receptors, Histamine; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D006632:Histamine; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase
keywords: Allergic dermatitis; Atopic dermatitis; Chronic allergic contact dermatitis; Histidine decarboxylase (−/−) mice