title: Diffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia and Granulomatous Inflammation Mimicking High-Grade Malignancy on FDG-PET/CT.
abstract: Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is a rare form of preinvasive lung lesion associated with indolent carcinoid tumor formation. This disease is characterized by multiple small pulmonary nodules with low SUVmax on F-FDG PET. Biopsy and immunohistochemical staining for neuroendocrine markers confirm diagnosis. There is no consensus for treatment, which typically involves surgical excision or management of symptoms with steroid-based therapies. We report an unusual case of DIPNECH colocalizing with necrotizing granulomatous inflammation mimicking high-grade aggressive malignancy on FDG-PET and a typical case of DIPNECH for comparison with low FDG avidity.
authors: From the *School of Medicine, and †Nuclear Medicine Section, and ‡General/Cardiothoracic Radiology Section, Department of Radiology & Imaging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA.
authors: Joyce
authors: J
authors: Hsu
authors: Leo
authors: L
authors: Jia
authors: Darko
authors: D
authors: Pucar
authors: Hadyn
authors: H
authors: Williams
authors: Jayanth
authors: J
authors: Keshavamurthy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D055613:Multiple Pulmonary Nodules / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18