title: Classification of adult diffuse gliomas by molecular markers-a short review with historical footnote.
abstract: Classification of gliomas, first established by Cushing and Bailey in early 20th century, has been based on histological features that were associated with clinical behavior of the tumor fairly well. However, inter-observer variation in the diagnosis and heterogeneous clinical outcome within a single entity have been problematic in some cases. Accumulation of molecular information of gliomas over the past two to three decades gradually elucidated the mechanism of oncogenesis and progression of gliomas at the molecular level, and it now appears to be possible to classify gliomas by the molecular markers, especially in adult diffuse gliomas that constitute ~25-30% of the primary intracranial tumors. Most powerful molecular markers to classify those tumors are those that appear to be involved in the early phases of oncogenesis, including IDH1/2, TP53, TERT, ATRX and 1p/19q co-deletion. Interesting tight negative and positive correlations among those molecular genetic alterations enable clearer definition of entities and better prognosis prediction in adult diffuse gliomas.
authors: Department of Neurologic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi.
authors: Ryohei
authors: R
authors: Otani
authors: Department of Neurologic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi.
authors: Takeo
authors: T
authors: Uzuka
authors: Department of Neurologic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi kueki-tky@umin.ac.jp.|Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.
authors: Keisuke
authors: K
authors: Ueki
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D000075924:X-linked Nuclear Protein
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; C509186:TERT protein, human; D019098:Telomerase; D004265:DNA Helicases; C092332:ATRX protein, human; D000075924:X-linked Nuclear Protein
keywords: IDH; astrocytoma; diffuse glioma; molecular diagnosis; oligodendroglioma