title: Modified biomolecule as potential vehicle for buccal delivery of doxepin.
abstract: Doxepin is a traditional tricyclic antidepressant with analgesic and anesthetic properties when applied topically to the mucosa. Doxepin is one approach in treating insomnia and depression in Parkinson's disease. Patients with Parkinson's disease suffer difficulties in swallowing. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to develop a buccal-adhesive delivery system.
  
  
  
  Pectin was modified with cysteine. Stability assays in form of disintegration assay according to the Ph.Eur were performed. Furthermore, bioadhesiveness on buccal mucosa was investigated incorporating the drug doxepin.
  
  
  
  The adhesiveness was improved 1.4-fold and revealed a sustained release over 3 h.
  
  
  
  Taking these findings into account, the modifications render this designed excipient fruitful for buccal delivery.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors: Flavia
authors: F
authors: Laffleur
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Zilio
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, University Nakhonnayok, 26120 Thailand.
authors: Duangratana
authors: D
authors: Shuwisitkul
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000278:Administration, Buccal; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry*; D004316:Doxepin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004355:Drug Stability; D006801:Humans; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004316:Doxepin; D010368:Pectins; D003545:Cysteine
keywords: Parkinson's disease; biomolecule; buccal delivery; doxepin; medicinal chemistry