The Seroprevalence of Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.
Human cystic echinococcosis (HCE), a zoonotic infection of the larval stage ofEchinococcus granulosus, has high effect on public health in human population all around the world. Iran is one of the most important endemic areas in the Middle East. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the seroprevalence of HCE in Iranian population. An electronic search for articles from 1985 until April 2015 was performed using data bases PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, IranMedex, Iran Doc, and Scientific Information Database (SID) both in English and in Persian. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to combine results from individual studies. The information was analyzed by STATA version 11.1. A total of 33 articles met our eligibility criteria and were included in a meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of the prevalence of HCE based on random-effects model was estimated 6.0% (95% CI: 4.0%, 7.0%). The prevalence of the disease significantly increased with age and prevalence rate in males was significantly lower than females (p< 0.001). The using of CIE or CCIEP method was also significantly greater than the other methods (p< 0.001). There was a publication bias in prevalence of studies. HCE is highly prevalent in Iran. Public education for preventive strategies and finally reducing transmission of the parasite and infection in population is needed.
Vector-Borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
Reza
R
Shafiei
Clinical Research Development Center of Children Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Saeed Hosseini
0000-0002-5575-6855
SH
Teshnizi
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Kurosh
K
Kalantar
Vector-Borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
Maryam
M
Gholami
Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Golnush
G
Mirzaee
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
Fatemeh
F
Mirzaee