Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Biosensors to Explore AMPK Signaling and Energy Metabolism.
Maintenance of energy homeostasis is a basic requirement for cell survival. Different mechanisms have evolved to cope with spatial and temporal mismatch between energy-providing and -consuming processes. Among these, signaling by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is one of the key players, regulated by and itself regulating cellular adenylate levels. Further understanding its complex cellular function requires deeper insight into its activation patterns in space and time at a single cell level. This may become possible with an increasing number of genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors, mostly based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer, which have been engineered to monitor metabolic parameters and kinase activities. Here, we review basic principles of biosensor design and function and the advantages and limitations of their use and provide an overview on existing FRET biosensors to monitor AMPK activation, ATP concentration, and ATP/ADP ratios, together with other key metabolites and parameters of energy metabolism.
Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA) and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.|Inserm, U1055 and U1209, Grenoble, France.
Martin
M
Pelosse
Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA) and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.|Inserm, U1055 and U1209, Grenoble, France.
Cécile
C
Cottet-Rousselle
Inserm, U1055 and U1209, Grenoble, France.|Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
Alexei
A
Grichine
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Imre
I
Berger
Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA) and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France. uwe.schlattner@ujf-grenoble.fr.|Inserm, U1055 and U1209, Grenoble, France. uwe.schlattner@ujf-grenoble.fr.
Uwe
U
Schlattner
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*
D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases