Impact of HIF-1α and hypoxia on fungal growth characteristics and fungal immunity.
Human pathogenic fungi are highly adaptable to a changing environment. The ability to adjust to low oxygen conditions is crucial for colonization and infection of the host. Recently, the impact of mammalian hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on fungal immunity has emerged. In this review, the role of hypoxia and HIF-1α in fungal infections is discussed regarding the innate immune response.
Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany. Electronic address: dirk.friedrich@uksh.de.
Dirk
D
Friedrich
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
Roger A
RA
Fecher
Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
Jan
J
Rupp
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
George S
GS
Deepe
D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005658:Fungi / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000473:pathology*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D009181:Mycoses / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*
D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
Fungal immunity; HIF-1; Hypoxia; SREBP