Paper-based microfluidic biofuel cell operating under glucose concentrations within physiological range.
This work addresses the development of a compact paper-based enzymatic microfluidic glucose/O2fuel cell that can operate using a very limited sample volume (≈35µl) and explores the energy generated by glucose at concentrations typically found in blood samples at physiological conditions (pH 7.4). Carbon paper electrodes combined with a paper sample absorption substrate all contained within a plastic microfluidic casing are used to construct the paper-based fuel cell. The anode catalysts consist of glucose dehydrogenase and [Os(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine)2(poly-vinylimidazole)10Cl]+as mediator, while the cathode catalysts were bilirubin oxidase and [Os(2,2'-bipyridine)2(poly-vinylimidazole)10Cl]+as mediator. The fuel cell delivered a linear power output response to glucose over the range of 2.5-30mM, with power densities ranging from 20 to 90µWcm-2. The quantification of the available electrical power as well as the energy density extracted from small synthetic samples allows planning potential uses of this energy to power different sensors and analysis devices in a wide variety of in-vitro applications.
Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (Esfera UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, España. Electronic address: mariajose.gonzalez@imb-cnm.csic.es.
Maria José
MJ
González-Guerrero
Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (Esfera UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, España. Electronic address: javier.delcampo@csic.es.
F Javier
FJ
Del Campo
Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (Esfera UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, España; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA.
Juan Pablo
JP
Esquivel
School of Chemistry and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: donal.leech@nuigalway.ie.
Dónal
D
Leech
Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (Esfera UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, España; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, España. Electronic address: neus.sabate@imb-cnm.csic.es.
Neus
N
Sabaté
D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D042843:Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D042845:Laccase / Q000737:chemistry; D044085:Microfluidics; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D010209:Paper
D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D007093:Imidazoles; D002244:Carbon; D042843:Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase; D042845:Laccase; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen
Enzymatic; Microfluidic; Paper-based biofuel cell