A Novel Strain of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Has Spread to the Mediterranean Basin.
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a whitefly-transmitted bipartite begomovirus (genusBegomovirus, familyGeminiviridae) that causes damage to multiple cultivated plant species mainly belonging to theSolanaceaeandCucurbitaceaefamilies. ToLCNDV was limited to Asian countries until 2012, when it was first reported in Spain, causing severe epidemics in cucurbit crops. Here, we show that a genetically-uniform ToLCNDV population is present in Spain, compatible with a recent introduction. Analyses of ToLCNDV isolates reported from other parts of the world indicated that this virus has a highly heterogeneous population genetically with no evident geographical, plant host or year-based phylogenetic groups observed. Isolates emerging in Spain belong to a strain that seems to have evolved by recombination. Isolates of this strain seem adapted to infecting cucurbits, but poorly infect tomatoes.
Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, La mayora Experimental Station, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain. ifortes@eelm.csic.es.
Isabel M
IM
Fortes
Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, La mayora Experimental Station, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain. soniasc@eelm.csic.es.
Sonia
S
Sánchez-Campos
Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, La mayora Experimental Station, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain. efiallo@eelm.csic.es.
Elvira
E
Fiallo-Olivé
Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, La mayora Experimental Station, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain. diazpendon@eelm.csic.es.
Juan A
JA
Díaz-Pendón
Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, La mayora Experimental Station, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain. jnavas@eelm.csic.es.
Jesús
J
Navas-Castillo
Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, La mayora Experimental Station, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain. moriones@eelm.csic.es.
Enrique
E
Moriones
D053839:Begomovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000821:virology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013030:Spain
Begomovirus; Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus; cucurbits; genetic diversity; recombination; tomato