Isolation of bacteriophages and their application to control Pseudomonas aeruginosa in planktonic and biofilm models.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequently identified as a cause of diverse infections and chronic diseases. It forms biofilms and has natural resistance to several antibiotics. Strains of this pathogen resistant to new-generation beta-lactams have emerged. Due to the difficulties associated with treating chronic P. aeruginosa infections, bacteriophages are amongst the alternative therapeutic options being actively researched. Two obligatorily lytic P. aeruginosa phages, vB_PaeM_MAG1 (MAG1) and vB_PaeP_MAG4 (MAG4), have been isolated and characterized. These phages belong to the PAK_P1likevirus genus of the Myoviridae family and the LIT1virus genus of the Podoviridae family, respectively. They adsorb quickly to their hosts (∼90% in 5 min), have a short latent period (15 min), and are stable during storage. Each individual phage propagated in approximately 50% of P. aeruginosa strains tested, which increased to 72.9% when phages were combined into a cocktail. While MAG4 reduced biofilm more effectively after a short time of treatment, MAG1 was more effective after a longer time and selected less for phage-resistant clones. A MAG1-encoded homolog of YefM antitoxin of the bacterial toxin-antitoxin system may contribute to the superiority of MAG1 over MAG4.
Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska Str. 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: magda.kwiatek09@gmail.com.
Magdalena
M
Kwiatek
Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska Str. 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: sparasion@gmail.com.
Sylwia
S
Parasion
Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska Str. 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: pawelrutyna@wihe.pulawy.pl.
Paweł
P
Rutyna
Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska Str. 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: lmizak@wihe.pulawy.pl.
Lidia
L
Mizak
Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska Str. 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: romgryko@gmail.com.
Romuald
R
Gryko
Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska Str. 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: marcinniem@wihe.pulawy.pl.
Marcin
M
Niemcewicz
Medical University of Lublin, Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, dr W. Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: alina.olender@umlub.pl.
Alina
A
Olender
Autonomous Department of Microbial Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Microbial Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warszawa, Poland. Electronic address: lobocka@ibb.waw.pl.
Małgorzata
M
Łobocka
D018441:Biofilms; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D017900:Myoviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D010933:Plankton; D017902:Podoviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D017105:Pseudomonas Phages / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000821:virology*
Bacteriophage; Biofilm; LIT1virus genus; PAK_P1likevirus genus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; YefM antitoxin