Post-operative morbidity, but not mortality, is worsened by operative delay in septic diverticulitis.
OBJECTIVE
Optimal timing of surgery for acute diverticulitis remains unclear. A non-operative approach followed by elective surgery 6-week post-resolution is favored. However, a subset of patients fail on the non-operative management during index admission. Here, we examine patients requiring emergent operation to evaluate the effect of surgical delay on patient outcomes.


METHODS
Patients undergoing emergent operative intervention for acute diverticulitis were queried using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database from 2005 to 2012. Primary endpoints of 30-day overall morbidity and mortality were evaluated via univariate and multivariate analysis.


RESULTS
Of the 2,119 patients identified for study inclusion, 57.2 % (n = 1212) underwent emergent operative intervention within 24 h, 26.3 % (n = 558) between days 1-3, 12.9 % (n = 273) between days 3-7, and 3.6 % (n = 76) greater than 7 days from admission. End colostomy was performed in 77.4 % (n = 1,640) of cases. Unadjusted age and presence of major comorbidities increased with operative delay. Further, unadjusted 30-day overall morbidity, mortality, septic complications, and post-operative length of stay increased significantly with operative delay. On multivariate analysis, operative delay was not associated with increased 30-day mortality but was associated with increased 30-day overall morbidity.


CONCLUSIONS
Hartmann's procedure has remained the standard operation in emergent surgical management of acute diverticulitis. Delay in definitive surgical therapy greater than 24 h from admission is associated with higher rates of morbidity and protracted post-operative length of stay, but there is no increase in 30-day mortality. Prospective study is necessary to further answer the question of surgical timing in acute diverticulitis.
Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, 2MA234, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
Anthony B
AB
Mozer
Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, 2MA234, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
Konstantinos
K
Spaniolas
Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, 2MA234, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
Megan E
ME
Sippey
Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, 2MA234, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
Adam
A
Celio
Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, 2MA234, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
Mark L
ML
Manwaring
Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, 2MA234, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA. kastenk14@ecu.edu.
Kevin R
KR
Kasten
D000208:Acute Disease; D004238:Diverticulitis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D004638:Emergency Treatment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011300:Preoperative Care; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
Delay; Diverticulitis; Emergent; NSQIP; Surgery