Regulatory T cells and their potential for tolerance induction in haemophilia A patients.
FVIII inhibitors still are the major concern in treatment of haemophilia A patients by FVIII replacement therapy. Immune tolerance induction to reverse inhibitor formation fails in about 30% of treated patients. These patients face increased morbidity and mortality producing a need for new therapy strategies in the treatment of FVIII inhibitor-positive patients. Regulatory T cells are important modulators of the immune response and are also involved in the immune response to FVIII in haemophilia A patients. Additionally, regulatory T cells have been shown to play a role in tolerance induction induced by multiple experimental treatment regimes. This review summarises the current knowledge on the role of regulatory T cells in the immune response to FVIII and tolerance induction strategies. Additionally, possible ways to engineer regulatory T cells as therapeutic agent in haemophilia A and current challenges of regulatory T cell therapies are discussed.
Anja Schmidt, Biochemist, PhD, Molekulare Hämostaseologie & Immundefizienz, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Tel. +49/(0)69/630 18-57 12, Fax -39 91, Email: Anja.Schmidt2@kgu.de.
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Schmidt
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Königs
D005169:Factor VIII / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
C078147:F8 protein, human; D005169:Factor VIII
Haemophilia A; regulatory T cells; tolerance