Comparison of anaerobic digestion strategies of nitrogen-rich substrates: Performance of anaerobic reactors and microbial community diversity.
In the present study, the application of different operating strategies on performance of three continuous stirred tank reactors digesting chicken manure at mesophilic temperature and constant organic loading rate (OLR) of 3.5gVSL-1d-1was investigated. Control reactor (RC) and reactor (RH) with the decreasing hydraulic retention time (HRT) had the comparable specific biogas production (SBP) with maximum values of 334-351mLg-1VS (added)during days 84-93, while the SBP from reactor with zeolites (RZ) was higher and achieved 426-432mLg-1VS (added). Attachments of microorganisms to zeolite particles as the operational environment, exchanged cations released from zeolites as well as lower total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) levels observed in RZ (6.2-6.3gL-1; days 71-93) compared to RC (6.6-6.9gL-1; days 71-93) resulted in a more effective process in RZ. Moreover, microbial community structure and dynamics were comprehensively characterized using Illumina sequencing, pyrosequencing and T-RFLP analysis of 16SrRNA genes. Methanogenic archaeal activity was additionally assessed by the expressed mcrA genes encoding the alpha subunit of methyl-CoM reductase. Within the major class Clostridia, Caldicoprobacter, Alkaliphilus, Gallicola, Sporanaerobacter and Tepidimicrobium spp. were the notable bacteria developed during operation of all tested reactors. Archaeal communities were dominated by methanogens belonging to the genus Methanosarcina followed by the genus Methanoculleus during the experimental period. Results of this study indicate that attachment of microorganisms to the zeolite particles as the operational environment might have led to the higher microbial activity at high ammonia concentrations.
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, The Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
Elvira E
EE
Ziganshina
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, The Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
Emil M
EM
Ibragimov
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, The Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
Petr Y
PY
Vankov
Department of Technologies, A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RAN, Kazan 420088, The Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
Vasili A
VA
Miluykov
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, The Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Electronic address: a.ziganshin06@fulbrightmail.org.
Ayrat M
AM
Ziganshin
D039903:Actinobacteria; D000641:Ammonia; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D001105:Archaea; D001407:Bacillus; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics; D056804:Biofuels; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002645:Chickens; D003013:Clostridium; D019295:Computational Biology; D008372:Manure / Q000382:microbiology; D019638:Methanomicrobiaceae; D017020:Methanosarcina; D059013:Microbial Consortia; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013696:Temperature; D017641:Zeolites
D056804:Biofuels; D008372:Manure; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D017641:Zeolites; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen
454 pyrosequencing; Biogas; Chicken manure; Illumina sequencing; T-RFLP analysis; Zeolites