Toxicity of copper to three common subantarctic marine gastropods.
Investigating the impacts of contamination on high latitude ecosystems includes determining the sensitivity of key taxa to contaminants. Unique characteristics, arising from adaption to cold and stable temperatures has likely resulted in marine biota at the poles being particularly sensitive to contamination in comparison to related species at lower latitudes. We aimed to determine the sensitivity of three species of common and ecologically important subantarctic gastropods to copper. This is the first study to investigate the sensitivity of subantarctic marine gastropods to contamination. We determined sensitivity by exposing each species to a range of copper concentrations by establishing mortality and sublethal endpoints. Sensitivity to copper was highly species specific. Laevilittorina caliginosa was relatively tolerant, with no response at Cu concentrations up to 1488µg/L following 7 d of exposure, while two species (Cantharidus capillaceus coruscans and Macquariella hamiltoni) were highly sensitive with 7 d Cu LC50 estimates of 33µg/L and 78µg/L respectively. In a global comparison of gastropod sensitivity data, these two species were highly sensitive to copper, highlighting the vulnerability of polar ecosystems to contamination.
Antarctic Conservation and Management, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions and School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia. Electronic address: jrh951@uowmail.edu.au.
Jessica R
JR
Holan
Antarctic Conservation and Management, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia.
Catherine K
CK
King
Antarctic Conservation and Management, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia.
Bianca J
BJ
Sfiligoj
Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions and School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
Andrew R
AR
Davis
D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000187:drug effects; D001110:Arctic Regions; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D017753:Ecosystem; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000187:drug effects*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper
Contaminant; Macquarie Island; Marine gastropods; Metal; Sensitivity; Sublethal