Low serum vitamin D levels and anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis: A case-control study.
Low vitamin D levels are associated with autoimmunity, but the relationship with anti-N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is unknown.



25(OH) D levels and clinical and cerebrospinal fluid parameters were evaluated in 30 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and compared with 90 age-, sex-, and season-matched healthy controls.



25(OH)D levels were lower in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis compared to controls (43.89 ± 17.91 vs 64.24 ± 24.38 nmol/L, p < 0.001), especially for females (vs males, p = 0.008), aged ≤30 years (vs > 30 years, p = 0.002), severe impairment (mRS ≥ 5) (vs mRS < 5, p = 0.018), and limited treatment responses (vs favorable treatment, p = 0.02). Serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with age (r = 0.393, p = 0.032), and mRS (r = -0.417, p = 0.022).



Our data showed that serum 25(OH)D levels were reduced in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Yaqing
Y
Shu
Department of Neurology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu 527300, China.
Qingmei
Q
Su
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Siyuan
S
Liao
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Tingting
T
Lu
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Rui
R
Li
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Xiaobo
X
Sun
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Wei
W
Qiu
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Yu
Y
Yang
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. Electronic address: huxueqiangqm@aliyun.com.
Xueqiang
X
Hu
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. Electronic address: lzq1828@aliyun.com.
Zhengqi
Z
Lu
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D060426:Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D015551:Autoimmunity; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D014807:Vitamin D
25-hydroxyvitamin D; Anti-N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis; Biomarker; Immune effects