Proteomic Analysis of Tung Tree (Vernicia fordii) Oilseeds during the Developmental Stages.
The tung tree (Vernicia fordii), a non-model woody plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family, is a promising economic plant due to the high content of a novel high-value oil in its seeds. Many metabolic pathways are active during seed development. Oil (triacylglycerols (TAGs)) accumulates in oil bodies distributed in the endosperm cells of tung tree seeds. The relationship between oil bodies and oil content during tung tree seed development was analyzed using ultrastructural observations, which confirmed that oil accumulation was correlated with the volumes and numbers of oil bodies in the endosperm cells during three different developmental stages. For a deeper understanding of seed development, we carried out proteomic analyses. At least 144 proteins were differentially expressed during three different developmental stages. A total of 76 proteins were successfully identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS/MS). These proteins were grouped into 11 classes according to their functions. The major groups of differentially expressed proteins were associated with energy metabolism (25%), fatty acid metabolism (15.79%) and defense (14.47%). These results strongly suggested that a very high percentage of gene expression in seed development is dedicated to the synthesis and accumulation of TAGs.
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China. zhanzhiyong862007@163.com.|Research Institute of Subtropical Foresty, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, Zhejiang, China. zhanzhiyong862007@163.com.|Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China. zhanzhiyong862007@163.com.
Zhiyong
Z
Zhan
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China. yicun_chen@163.com.|Research Institute of Subtropical Foresty, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, Zhejiang, China. yicun_chen@163.com.
Yicun
Y
Chen
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA. jay.shockey@ars.usda.gov.
Jay
J
Shockey
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China. hanxiaojiao1004@163.com.|Research Institute of Subtropical Foresty, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, Zhejiang, China. hanxiaojiao1004@163.com.
Xiaojiao
X
Han
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China. wyd11111@126.com.|Research Institute of Subtropical Foresty, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, Zhejiang, China. wyd11111@126.com.
Yangdong
Y
Wang
D031284:Aleurites / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D066292:Lipid Droplets / Q000378:metabolism; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D010938:Plant Oils; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides
development; oil body; oil content; proteomics; seed; tung tree