TET1-Mediated Oxidation of 5-Formylcytosine (5fC) to 5-Carboxycytosine (5caC) in RNA.
It was recently revealed that 5-methylcytosine (5mC) in mRNA, similar to its behavior in DNA, can be oxidized to produce 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and 5-formylcytosine (5fC), implying the potential regulatory roles of this post-transcriptional RNA modification. In this study, we demonstrate the in vitro oxidation of 5fC to 5-carboxycytidine (5caC) by the catalytic domain of mammalian ten-eleven translocation enzyme (TET1) in different RNA contexts. We observed that this oxidation process has very low sequence dependence and can take place in single-stranded, double-stranded, or hairpin forms of RNA sequences, although the overall conversion yields are low.
Department of Chemistry, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
Maria
M
Basanta-Sanchez
Department of Chemistry, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
Rui
R
Wang
Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Zhenzhen
Z
Liu
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
Xiaohan
X
Ye
School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Road W., Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
Minyong
M
Li
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
Xiaodong
X
Shi
Department of Chemistry, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
Paul F
PF
Agris
Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Yubin
Y
Zhou
Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Yun
Y
Huang
Department of Chemistry, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
Jia
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6198-390X
J
Sheng
D044503:5-Methylcytosine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D055162:Biocatalysis; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
C560973:5-formylcytosine; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012313:RNA; D044503:5-Methylcytosine; C000618843:5-carboxycytosine; D003596:Cytosine; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C462539:TET1 protein, human
5-carboxycytidine; 5-formylcytidine; 5-methylcytidine; RNA; TET enzyme