Effect of rainfall timing and tillage on the transport of steroid hormones in runoff from manure amended row crop fields.
Runoff generated from livestock manure amended row crop fields is one of the major pathways of hormone transport to the aquatic environment. The study determined the effects of manure handling, tillage methods, and rainfall timing on the occurrence and transport of steroid hormones in runoff from the row crop field. Stockpiled and composted manure from hormone treated and untreated animals were applied to test plots and subjected to two rainfall simulation events 30days apart. During the two rainfall simulation events, detection of any steroid hormone or metabolites was identified in 8-86% of runoff samples from any tillage and manure treatment. The most commonly detected hormones were 17β-estradiol, estrone, estriol, testosterone, and α-zearalenol at concentrations ranging up to 100-200ngL-1. Considering the maximum detected concentrations in runoff, no more than 10% of the applied hormone can be transported through the dissolved phase of runoff. Results from the study indicate that hormones can persist in soils receiving livestock manure over an extended period of time and the dissolved phase of hormone in runoff is not the preferred pathway of transport from the manure applied fields irrespective of tillage treatments and timing of rainfall.
Dept. of Population Health and Reproduction, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States. Electronic address: sabiswas@ucdavis.edu.
Sagor
S
Biswas
Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Haskell Agricultural Laboratory, 57905 866 Road, Concord, NE 68728-2828, United States.
William L
WL
Kranz
Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Haskell Agricultural Laboratory, 57905 866 Road, Concord, NE 68728-2828, United States.
Charles A
CA
Shapiro
Nebraska Water Center and School of Natural Resources, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, 202 Water Sciences Laboratory, Lincoln, NE 68583-0844, United States.
Daniel D
DD
Snow
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha, NE 68182-0178, United States.
Shannon L
SL
Bartelt-Hunt
Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Haskell Agricultural Laboratory, 57905 866 Road, Concord, NE 68728-2828, United States.
Mitiku
M
Mamo
USDA-ARS, NW Irrigation and Soils Research Lab, 3793 N. 3600 E., Kimberly, ID 83341-5076, United States.
David D
DD
Tarkalson
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha, NE 68182-0178, United States.
Tian C
TC
Zhang
Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Haskell Agricultural Laboratory, 57905 866 Road, Concord, NE 68728-2828, United States.
David P
DP
Shelton
Iteris, Inc., 4324 University Ave, Grand Forks, ND 58203, United States.
Simon J
SJ
van Donk
Dept. of Animal Science, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Haskell Agricultural Laboratory, 57905 866 Road, Concord, NE 68728-2828, United States.
Terry L
TL
Mader
D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D000728:Androgens / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis; D011891:Rain; D013256:Steroids / Q000032:analysis*; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D015029:Zeranol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis
D000728:Androgens; D004967:Estrogens; D005308:Fertilizers; D008372:Manure; D013256:Steroids; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C029659:zearalenol; D015029:Zeranol
Manure management; Rainfall; Runoff; Steroid hormone; Tillage