Pure Yolk sac presenting with inferior vena cava thrombus extending from bilateral external iliac veins to hepatic vein.
BACKGROUND
Vena cava thrombus is an extremely rare complication of testicular tumors. We report on an unusual case of testicular tumor presenting with inferior vena cava thrombus extending from the left spermatic and bilateral external iliac veins to the hepatic vein.


METHODS
A-35-year old man presented with a 6-month history of left scrotal mass and a 1-day history of bilateral lower extremity edema. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the presence of thrombus extending from the left spermatic vein and bilateral external iliac veins to the hepatic vein, and multiple lymph node and lung metastases. 3 cycles of chemotherapy were given after the left high inguinal orchiectomy. Pathological examination demonstrated a pure yolk sac carcinoma with lymphovascular invasion and direct tumor extension into the left spermatic cord. CT and positron emission tompgraphy-CT obtained no findings of metastasis or recurrence at 3 months after the chemotherapy.


CONCLUSIONS
We review this seldom case and discuss the literature with regard to its diagnosis and treatment.
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
Oktay
O
Ucer
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
Nalan
N
Nese
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
Talha
T
Muezzinoglu
D000328:Adult; D018236:Carcinoma, Embryonal / Q000473:pathology*; D006503:Hepatic Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007084:Iliac Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D015017:Yolk Sac / Q000473:pathology*
Testicular Neoplasms; Vena Cava, Inferior; Yolk Sac 