Optimization of the cryopreservation of dromedary camel semen: Cryoprotectants and their concentration and equilibration times.
Research into an optimal cryoprotectant, its concentration and equilibration time underlies the successful cryopreservation of dromedary camel spermatozoa. This study assessed the cryo-efficiency of different cryoprotectants, their concentration and equilibration time and any interactions. In experiment 1, semen samples (n = 4 males; 2 ejaculates/male) were frozen using Green Buffer containing one of four cryoprotectants (3% glycerol, ethylene glycol, methyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide) and using 4 equilibration times (10 min, 0.5, 1 and 2 h). Glycerol and ethylene glycol provided the best motility recovery rates and different equilibration times were not significant for any cryoprotectant nor were any interactions noted. However different equilibration times were pertinent for improved kinematic parameters BCF and VSL. In experiment 2, glycerol and ethylene glycol were evaluated at 4 concentrations (1.5, 3, 6, 9%) with 0.5 h equilibration (n = 4 males, 3 ejaculates/male). Sperm motility recoveries, kinematics and acrosome status were assessed. Higher values for LIN and STR were found with ethylene glycol. At 0 and 1 h post thaw 3 and 6% of either cryoprotectant resulted in better motility values than 1.5%. Acrosome integrity was compromised at 9% cryoprotectant. There were interactions between cryoprotectant and concentration in total motility at 0 and 1 h. For glycerol, total motility recoveries were best at 3-9%; for ethylene glycol 1.5-6% were best at 0 h and 3-6% at 1 h. In conclusion, 3-6% glycerol or ethylene glycol offered the best cryoprotection for camel sperm while different equilibration times were not critical.
Camel Reproduction Centre, PO Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: clara@camelreproductioncenter.ae.
Clara
C
Malo
Camel Reproduction Centre, PO Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Elizabeth G
EG
Crichton
Camel Reproduction Centre, PO Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Julian A
JA
Skidmore
D000177:Acrosome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002162:Camelus; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D019855:Ethylene Glycol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005559:Formamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005615:Freezing; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000502:physiology; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology*
D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D005559:Formamides; D019855:Ethylene Glycol; D005990:Glycerol; C002950:methylformamide; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Camel; Cryopreservation; Cryoprotectant; Equilibration; Ethylene glycol; Glycerol