Danish general practitioners' self-reported competences in end-of-life care.
OBJECTIVE
General practitioners (GPs) are pivotal in end-of-life (EOL) care. This study aimed to assess GP-reported provision of EOL care and to assess associations with GP characteristics.


METHODS
Population-based questionnaire study.


METHODS
Central Denmark Region with approximately 1.3 million inhabitants.


METHODS
All 843 active GPs in the Central Denmark Region were sent a questionnaire by mail.


METHODS
Responses to 18 items concerning four aspects: provision of EOL care to patients with different diagnosis, confidence with being a key worker, organisation of EOL care and EOL skills (medical and psychosocial).


RESULTS
In total, 573 (68%) GPs responded. Of these, 85% often/always offered EOL care to cancer patients, which was twice as often as to patients with non-malignancies (34-40%). Moreover, 76% felt confident about being a key worker, 60% had a proactive approach, and 58% talked to their patients about dying. Only 9% kept a register of patients with EOL needs, and 19% had specific EOL procedures. GP confidence with own EOL skills varied; from 55% feeling confident using terminal medications to 90% feeling confident treating nausea/vomiting. Increasing GP age was associated with increased confidence about being a key worker and provision of EOL care to patients with non-malignancies. In rural areas, GPs were more confident about administering medicine subcutaneously than in urban areas.


CONCLUSIONS
We found considerable diversity in self-reported EOL care competences. Interventions should focus on increasing GPs' provision of EOL care to patients with non-malignancies, promoting better EOL care concerning organisation and symptom management. KEY POINTS GPs are pivotal in end-of-life (EOL) care, but their involvement has been questioned. Hence, GPs' perceived competencies were explored. GPs were twice as likely to provide EOL care for patients with cancer than for patients with non-malignancies. EOL care was lacking clear organisation in general practice in terms of registering palliative patients and having specific EOL procedures. GPs were generally least confident with their skills in terminal medical treatment, for example, using medicine administered subcutaneously.
a Department of Oncology , Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark.
Anna
A
Winthereik
a Department of Oncology , Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark.|b The Palliative Team , Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark.
Mette
M
Neergaard
c Research Unit for General Practice , Aarhus University , Denmark.
Peter
P
Vedsted
a Department of Oncology , Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark.
Anders
A
Jensen
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003718:Denmark; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D058005:General Practitioners; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D010166:Palliative Care; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D020377:Self Efficacy; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013727:Terminal Care
COPD; Denmark; case management; clinical competence; general practice; heart failure; palliative care