Electrochemical Affinity Biosensors Based on Disposable Screen-Printed Electrodes for Detection of Food Allergens.
Food allergens are proteins from nuts and tree nuts, fish, shellfish, wheat, soy, eggs or milk which trigger severe adverse reactions in the human body, involving IgE-type antibodies. Sensitive detection of allergens in a large variety of food matrices has become increasingly important considering the emergence of functional foods and new food manufacturing technologies. For example, proteins such as casein from milk or lysozyme and ovalbumin from eggs are sometimes used as fining agents in the wine industry. Nonetheless, allergen detection in processed foods is a challenging endeavor, as allergen proteins are degraded during food processing steps involving heating or fermentation. Detection of food allergens was primarily achieved via Enzyme-Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA) or by chromatographic methods. With the advent of biosensors, electrochemical affinity-based biosensors such as those incorporating antibodies and aptamers as biorecognition elements were also reported in the literature. In this review paper, we highlight the success achieved in the design of electrochemical affinity biosensors based on disposable screen-printed electrodes towards detection of protein allergens. We will discuss the analytical figures of merit for various disposable screen-printed affinity sensors in relation to methodologies employed for immobilization of bioreceptors on transducer surface.
International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, sector 6, 060101 Bucharest, Romania. avasilescu@biodyn.ro.
Alina
A
Vasilescu
Technological Chemistry Department, Federal University of Maranhão, CCET/UFMA, Av. Portugueses, Cidade Universitária do Canga, 65080-040 São Luis, MA, Brazil. gilvanda.nunes@hotmail.com.
Gilvanda
G
Nunes
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), 54000 Lahore, Pakistan. akhtarhayat@ciitlahore.edu.pk.
Akhtar
A
Hayat
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), 54000 Lahore, Pakistan. usmanlatif@ciitlahore.edu.pk.
Usman
U
Latif
BAE Laboratory, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France. jlmarty@univ-perp.fr.
Jean-Louis
JL
Marty
D000485:Allergens / Q000032:analysis; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods
D000485:Allergens
allergen; antibody; aptamer; biosensor; electrochemical detection; screen-printed electrode