Neural correlates of correct and failed response inhibition in heavy versus light social drinkers: an fMRI study during a go/no-go task by healthy participants.
The ability to suppress responses that are inappropriate, as well as the mechanisms monitoring the accuracy of actions in order to compensate for errors, is central to human behavior. Neural alterations that prevent stopping an inaccurate response, combined with a decreased ability of error monitoring, are considered to be prominent features of alcohol abuse. Moreover, (i) alterations of these processes have been reported in heavy social drinkers (i.e. young healthy individuals who do not yet exhibit a state of alcohol dependence); and (ii) through longitudinal studies, these alterations have been shown to underlie subsequent disinhibition that may lead to future alcohol use disorders. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study, using a contextual Go/No-Go task, we investigated whether different neural networks subtended correct inhibitions and monitoring mechanisms of failed inhibitory trials in light versus heavy social drinkers. We show that, although successful inhibition did not lead to significant changes, neural networks involved in error monitoring are different in light versus heavy drinkers. Thus, while light drinkers exhibited activations in their right inferior frontal, right middle cingulate and left superior temporal areas; heavy drinkers exhibited activations in their right cerebellum, left caudate nucleus, left superior occipital region, and left amygdala. These data are functionally interpreted as reflecting a "visually-driven emotional strategy" vs. an "executive-based" neural response to errors in heavy and light drinkers, respectively. Such a difference is interpreted as a key-factor that may subtend the transition from a controlled social heavy consumption to a state of clinical alcohol dependence.
Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addiction, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Place Vangehuchten, B-1020, Brussels, Belgium. salvatore.campanella@chu-brugmann.be.
Salvatore
S
Campanella
Department of Radiology, ULB-Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Julie
J
Absil
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
Carina
C
Carbia Sinde
Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addiction, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Place Vangehuchten, B-1020, Brussels, Belgium.
Elisa
E
Schroder
Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit (UR2NF) at Centre de Recherches en Cognition et Neurosciences (CRCN), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Philippe
P
Peigneux
Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.|BCBL, Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, San Sebastian, Spain.
Mathieu
M
Bourguignon
Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Mathieu
M
Petieau
Department of Radiology, ULB-Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Thierry
T
Metens
Department of Radiology, ULB-Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Mustapha
M
Nouali
Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Serge
S
Goldman
Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Guy
G
Cheron
Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addiction, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Place Vangehuchten, B-1020, Brussels, Belgium.
Paul
P
Verbanck
Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Xavier
X
De Tiège
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
Alcohol; Cognitive control; Error awareness; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Go/No-Go task; Social drinking