Genetic Variations of the Parasitic Dinoflagellate Hematodinium Infecting Cultured Marine Crustaceans in China.
The parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium infects multiple cultured marine crustaceans and has resulted in significant economic losses to their aquaculture in China. Limited molecular data implied a close relationship among Hematodinium reported in China, whereas the genetic diversity and detailed genetic variation within Hematodinium remains unclear. In order to investigate the genetic diversity and composition of the parasitic dinoflagellate in China, the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1 - 5.8S - ITS2) were amplified from 104 infected hosts cultured in three geographic locations. Two strains were identified, Hematodinium perezi II was the prevalent strain observed in all three host taxa throughout the survey, the other novel one was detected from the single Exopalaemon carinicauda collected from Zhejiang province. Eight ITS haplotypes within H. perezi II were identified with a similarity of 99.8% -100%. The distinct haplotype compositions and AMOVA analysis suggested a significant genetic differentiation and population structure among the three geographic populations of H. perezi II. The novel strain, genetically affiliated with H. perezi, was quite divergent from the three known genotypes (I, II and III) of H. perezi, and further investigation is needed to determine the distribution and host range of this new strain.
Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for Marine Ecology and Environment, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China.
Jie
J
Xiao
Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for Marine Ecology and Environment, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China.
Xiaoxiang
X
Miao
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China. Electronic address: cwli@qdio.ac.cn.
Caiwen
C
Li
Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement, Marine and Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316100, China.
Wenjun
W
Xu
Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for Marine Ecology and Environment, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China.
Xuelei
X
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for Marine Ecology and Environment, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China.
Zongling
Z
Wang
D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D003445:Crustacea / Q000469:parasitology*; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D058507:Host Specificity; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions
Crustacean; haplotype.; molecular diversity; parasitic dinoflagellate; phylogenetic structure; ribosome RNA