Anti-inflammatory protection afforded by cyanidin-3-glucoside and resveratrol in human intestinal cells via Nrf2 and PPAR-γ: Comparison with 5-aminosalicylic acid.
This study investigated the involvement of nuclear factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) pathways in the protection afforded by two polyphenols abundant in diet, cyanidin-3-glucoside and resveratrol, against cytokine-induced inflammation and oxidative insult in HT-29 intestinal cells, in comparison with the drug 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). Our data show for the first time that in cytokine-challenged cells, cyanidin-3-glucoside and resveratrol induced Nrf2 activation, increased hemoxygenase-1 and glutamate cysteine ligase mRNA expression, enhanced reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione ratio and inhibited reactive species production, at much lower concentrations than 5-ASA. Unlike cyanidin-3-glucoside, resveratrol and 5-ASA also increased nuclear levels of PPAR-γ in cytokine-stimulated cells. In conclusion, both polyphenols might be interesting as nutraceuticals, giving complementary benefits to conventional drugs against intestinal inflammation, typically present in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Diana
D
Serra
CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Leonor M
LM
Almeida
CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: tcpdinis@ci.uc.pt.
Teresa C P
TC
Dinis
D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002384:Catalysis / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D019073:HT29 Cells; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology*; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D019804:Mesalamine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000872:Anthocyanins; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D005960:Glucosides; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D047495:PPAR gamma; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013267:Stilbenes; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside; D019804:Mesalamine; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D000077185:Resveratrol; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide
Cyanidin-3-glucoside; Inflammation; Intestinal epithelial cells; Nrf2 activation; PPAR-γ pathway; Resveratrol