A First-Trimester Biomarker Panel for Predicting the Development of Gestational Diabetes.
Serum markers measured early in pregnancy have been associated with the later diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aims to explore the performance of a panel of first-trimester biochemical markers for the prediction of GDM.



A case-control study was performed that included 12 women who developed GDM and 60 controls matched for maternal and gestational age at blood collection. Levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), soluble endoglin, pregnancy protein 13, and adiponectin (Adipo) were measured on residual sera used in first-trimester screening for Down syndrome. Data were analyzed by nonparametric methods. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to calculate the detection rate (DR) obtained with a panel of significant predictors for GDM.



Multiples of the median values for Adipo and PAPP-A were significantly reduced in GDM cases versus matched controls. Combination of Adipo and PAPP-A yielded a DR of 63.6% at a false-positive rate of 10%. Addition of body mass index (BMI) to this panel increased DR to 72.7%.



This study suggests that first-trimester screening with Adipo, PAPP-A, and BMI may effectively identify women at high risk for the development of GDM.
1 Division of Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Antonio
A
Farina
2 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital and the Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Elizabeth
E
Eklund
1 Division of Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Dalila
D
Bernabini
3 Division of Laboratory Medicine, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
Mariangela
M
Paladino
3 Division of Laboratory Medicine, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
Francesca
F
Righetti
3 Division of Laboratory Medicine, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Monti
2 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital and the Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Geralyn
G
Lambert-Messerlian
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000071063:Endoglin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000097:blood*; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000032:analysis*; D055815:Young Adult
D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D000071063:Endoglin; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A
PAPP-A; adiponectin; gestational diabetes; multivariable screening