Relationships between lower body strength and the energy cost of treadmill walking in a cohort of healthy older adults: a cross-sectional analysis.
OBJECTIVE
Gait speed is associated with survival in older adults and it was suggested that an elevated energy cost of walking (Cw) is an important determinant of gait speed reduction. Thus far, little is known about the factors that contribute to a lower Cw but it was shown that lower body strength training could reduce the Cw. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between lower body strength and the Cw in a cohort of healthy older adults.


METHODS
A total of 48 participants were included in this study (70.7 ± 5.4 years). After a geriatric and a neuropsychological assessment, participants underwent a fitness testing protocol which included a maximal oxygen uptake test, assessment of the Cw at 4 km h-1on a treadmill, an isokinetic maximal strength test for the ankle, knee and hip joints and a body composition assessment. Relationships between strength variables and the Cw were assessed with partial correlations and linear regression analyses.


RESULTS
Hip extensors and hip flexors peak torque was significantly correlated with the Cw (r = -0.36 and -0.32, respectively; p < 0.05). A tendency towards significance was identified for the ankle plantar flexors (r = -0.25, p = 0.09). Hip extensors peak torque was the only significant neuromuscular parameter included in the linear regression analysis (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
These results show that hip extensors are an important muscle group with regards to the Cw measured on a treadmill in this cohort of healthy older adults.
Department of Sports Studies, Bishop's University, 2600 College, Sherbrooke, QC, J1M 1Z7, Canada. nicolas.berryman@ubishops.ca.|Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, LESCA, 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada. nicolas.berryman@ubishops.ca.
Nicolas
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4868-7986
N
Berryman
Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, LESCA, 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada.|Centre Perform, Université Concordia, 7200 rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
Louis
L
Bherer
École de réadaptation-Faculté de médecine, Université of Montréal, CP 6128, succ. centre ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.|Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation (CRIR), Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal du CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (IRGLM), Montréal, Canada.
Sylvie
S
Nadeau
École de réadaptation-Faculté de médecine, Université of Montréal, CP 6128, succ. centre ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.|Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation (CRIR), Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal du CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (IRGLM), Montréal, Canada.
Séléna
S
Lauzière
Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, LESCA, 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada.
Lora
L
Lehr
Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, LESCA, 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada.
Florian
F
Bobeuf
Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, LESCA, 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada.
Marie Jeanne
MJ
Kergoat
Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, LESCA, 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada.|Département de médecine, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Service de gériatrie, 1058 St-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 3J4, Canada.
Thien Tuong Minh
TT
Vu
Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, LESCA, 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada.|Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Laboratoire MOVE (EA 6413) Université de Poitiers, 8 Jean Monnet, 86000, Poitiers, France.
Laurent
L
Bosquet
D000368:Aged; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011897:Random Allocation; D016138:Walking
Aging; Gait speed; Indirect calorimetry; Isokinetic dynamometer; Mobility