Role of LRRTMs in synapse development and plasticity.
Leucine-rich-repeat transmembrane neuronal proteins (LRRTMs) are a family of four synapse organizing proteins critical for the development and function of excitatory synapses. The genes encoding LRRTMs and their binding partners, neurexins and HSPGs, are strongly associated with multiple psychiatric disorders. Here, we review the literature covering their structural features, expression patterns in the developing and adult brains, evolutionary origins, and discovery as synaptogenic proteins. We also discuss their role in the development and plasticity of excitatory synapses as well as their disease associations.
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Neuroscience Research Program, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg R3Y 0Z3, MB, Canada.
Reiko T
RT
Roppongi
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Neuroscience Research Program, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg R3Y 0Z3, MB, Canada.
Benyamin
B
Karimi
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Neuroscience Research Program, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg R3Y 0Z3, MB, Canada. Electronic address: tabrez.siddiqui@umanitoba.ca.
Tabrez J
TJ
Siddiqui
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism*
D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins
Autism; HSPG; Heparan sulphate proteoglycan; LRRTM; Neural circuit; Neurexin; Neurodevelopment; Schizophrenia; Synapse development; Synapse formation; Synaptic plasticity