A multiplex PCR system for 13 RM Y-STRs with separate amplification of two different repeat motif structures in DYF403S1a.
In forensic science and human genetics, Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) have been used as very useful markers. Recently, more Y-STR markers have been analyzed to enhance the resolution power in haplotype analysis, and 13 rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs have been suggested as revolutionary tools that can widen Y-chromosomal application from paternal lineage differentiation to male individualization. We have constructed two multiplex PCR sets for the amplification of 13 RM Y-STRs, which yield small-sized amplicons (<400bp) and a more balanced PCR efficiency with minimum PCR cycling. In particular, with the developed multiplex PCR system, we could separate three copies of DYF403S1a into two copies of DYF403S1a and one of DYF403S1b1. This is because DYF403S1b1 possesses distinguishable sequences from DYF403S1a at both the front and rear flanking regions of the repeat motif; therefore, the locus could be separately amplified using sequence-specific primers. In addition, the other copy, defined as DYF403S1b by Ballantyne et al., was renamed DYF403S1b2 because of its similar flanking region sequence to DYF403S1b1. By redefining DYF403S1 with the developed multiplex system, all genotypes of four copies could be successfully typed and more diverse haplotypes were obtained. We analyzed haplotype distributions in 705 Korean males based on four different Y-STR subsets: Yfiler, PowerPlex Y23, Yfiler Plus, and RM Y-STRs. All haplotypes obtained from RM Y-STRs were the most diverse and showed strong discriminatory power in Korean population.
Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
Eun Young
EY
Lee
Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
Hwan Young
HY
Lee
Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
So Yeun
SY
Kwon
Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
Yu Na
YN
Oh
Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
Woo Ick
WI
Yang
Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea. Electronic address: kjshin@yuhs.ac.
Kyoung-Jin
KJ
Shin
D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
DYF403S1; Discriminatory power; Haplotype; Koreans; Rapidly mutating Y-STR