Ginseng Stem-and-Leaf Saponin (GSLS)-Enhanced Protective Immune Responses Induced by Toxoplasma gondii Heat Shocked Protein 70 (HSP70) Against Toxoplasmosis in Mice.
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite and is able to infect birds and mammals including humans. In order to find effective antigen-adjuvant combinations that can boost the immunogenicity and protection of antigen vaccines against toxoplasmosis, we examined the protective efficacy in mice immunized with recombinant protein HSP70 when co-administered with ginseng stem-and-leaf saponins (GSLS) isolated from Panax ginseng . All immunized mice produced significantly high levels of specific antibodies against rTgHSP70, and splenocytes from mice presented strong proliferative immune responses. Vaccinated mice displayed a significantly increased percentage of CD4+and CD8+T cells, indicating a strong immune response was triggered. The cellular and humoral immune responses were enhanced, which could be reflected of the increased mRNA levels of IFN-γ and IL-4, respectively. Immunization with rTgHSP70 and GSLS prolonged survival time of the treated mice compared to the controls, which died within 6 days after challenge with the virulent T. gondii RH strain. Our data demonstrate that by addition with GSLS, rTgHSP70 induced a strong immune response and provided partial protection against T. gondii ; therefore GSLS could be used as a promising vaccine adjuvant against acute toxoplasmosis.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Xunhui
X
Zhuo
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Hongchao
H
Sun
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Suhua
S
Wang
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Xiaolu
X
Guo
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Haojie
H
Ding
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Yi
Y
Yang
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Ying
Y
Shan
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Aifang
A
Du
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D011897:Random Allocation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D036145:Ginsenosides; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012503:Saponins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma