Perioperative Non-Invasive Indocyanine Green-Clearance Testing to Predict Postoperative Outcome after Liver Resection.
BACKGROUND
Postoperative liver dysfunction may lead to morbidity and mortality after liver resection. Preoperative liver function assessment is critical to identify preexisting liver dysfunction in patients prior to resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive potential of perioperative indocyanine green (ICG)-clearance testing to prevent postoperative liver dysfunction and morbidity using standardized outcome parameters in a routine Western-clinical-setting.


METHODS
137 patients undergoing partial hepatectomy between 2011 and 2013, at the general hospital of Vienna, were included. ICG-clearance was recorded one day prior to surgery as well as on the first and fifth postoperative day. Postoperative liver dysfunction was defined according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery and evaluation of morbidity was based on the Dindo-Clavien classification. Statistical analyses were based on non-parametric tests.


RESULTS
Preoperative reduced ICG-plasma disappearance rate (PDR) as well as increased ICG-retention rate at 15 min (R15) were able to significantly predict postoperative liver dysfunction (Area under the curve = PDR: 0.716, P = 0.018; R15: 0.719, P = 0.016). Furthermore, PDR <17%/min. or R15 >8%, were able to accurately predict postoperative complications prior to surgery. In addition to this, ICG-clearance on postoperative day 1 comparably predicted postoperative liver dysfunction (Area under the curve = PDR: 0.895; R15: 0.893; both P <0.001), specifically, PDR <10%/min or R15 >20% on postoperative day 1 predicted poor postoperative outcome.


CONCLUSIONS
PDR and R15 may represent useful parameters to distinguish preoperative high and low risk patients in a Western collective as well as on postoperative day 1, to identify patients who require closer monitoring for potential complications.
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Stefanie
S
Haegele
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Silvia
S
Reiter
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
David
D
Wanek
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Florian
F
Offensperger
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
David
D
Pereyra
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Stefan
S
Stremitzer
Department of Anesthesiology, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Edith
E
Fleischmann
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Christine
C
Brostjan
Department of Surgery I, Rudolfstiftung Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Thomas
T
Gruenberger
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Patrick
P
Starlinger
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059035:Perioperative Period; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D007208:Indocyanine Green