A tailored video intervention to reduce smoking and environmental tobacco exposure during and after pregnancy: Rationale, design and methods of Baby's Breath.
Low-cost interventions to decrease environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure of pregnant women and their newborns are needed to lower health risks of exposed fetuses and infants. Baby's Breath is a tailored video intervention developed and tested in a randomized controlled trial. The study aimed to test the efficacy of tailored video versus usual care approaches to reduce the ETS exposure of fetuses of low-income women during and after pregnancy; and to assess this intervention separately among non-smoking and smoking women. Participating women, recruited early in pregnancy, who spoke English, were at least 18years old, smoke exposed (current smokers, quit smoking on their own, or were exposed to smoke of others), pregnant with only one baby, and had access to a telephone and video player, were randomized to experimental or control conditions. Intervention participants received newsletters containing content aimed at smoking cessation and avoidance (5 during and 3 after pregnancy), in addition to videos (3 during and 2 after pregnancy) individually tailored on behavioral theory-based survey questions. Comparison participants received newsletters and videos on healthy pregnancy topics. Outcomes included salivary cotinine of both mother and baby (32weeks gestation and 6months postpartum) as well as self-reported ETS exposure and avoidance behaviors. This study may demonstrate the efficacy of a low-cost intervention to decrease ETS exposure, and will fill an important gap in describing the utility of this innovative intervention technology, as well as demonstration of potential benefits to this type of intervention.
Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Institute for Community Health Promotion, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Electronic address: Patricia_risica@brown.edu.
Patricia Markham
PM
Risica
Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Electronic address: adam_gavarkovs@brown.edu.
Adam
A
Gavarkovs
Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Memorial Hospital of RI, Center of Primary Care and Prevention, Pawtucket, RI, United States; Department of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Electronic address: Donna_Parker@brown.edu.
Donna R
DR
Parker
Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Electronic address: ernestine_jennings@brown.edu.
Ernestine
E
Jennings
Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States. Electronic address: Mphipps@wihri.org.
Maureen
M
Phipps
D000328:Adult; D003367:Cotinine / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000073869:Tobacco Smoking / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D014741:Video Recording
D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D003367:Cotinine
Cessation; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Exposure; Pregnancy; Prenatal; Smoking