Determinants and Prognostic Significance of Periprocedural Myocardial Injury in Patients With Successful Percutaneous Chronic Total Occlusion Interventions.
This study sought to evaluate the determinants and prognostic implications of periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI) in successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTOs).



There are limited studies addressing the risk factors and clinical implication of PMI in patients undergoing CTO-PCI.



We examined 1,058 consecutive CTO patients who underwent successful drug-eluting stent implantation and serial measurements of creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) values between March 2003 and August 2014. PMI was defined as elevations of CK-MB >3 times the upper reference limit (URL).



PMI occurred in 121 patients (11.4%). Multivariable analysis revealed that the presence of renal failure (odds ratio [OR]: 4.25; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59 to 11.35; p = 0.004), attempted retrograde approach (OR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.34 to 3.84; p = 0.002), concomitant non-target lesion intervention (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.59; p = 0.006), and stent number (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.77; p = 0.011) were predictors associated with PMI. During a median follow-up of 4.4 years, PMI was associated with an increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.09 to 3.17; p = 0.02). These findings were also consistent when higher CK-MB cutoff was used to define PMI. Although there was a trend toward higher all-cause mortality with increasing peak CK-MB levels, in multivariable analyses, this association was statistically significant only for peak CK-MB levels of >10 times the URL.



PMI was associated with an increased risk of long-term mortality after successful CTO-PCI. Patients with renal insufficiency, those who require more stents, multiple lesion treatment, and retrograde approach have a higher likelihood of having PMI.
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Seung-Whan
SW
Lee
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Pil Hyung
PH
Lee
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Se Hun
SH
Kang
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Hanul
H
Choi
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Mineok
M
Chang
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Jae-Hyung
JH
Roh
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Sung-Han
SH
Yoon
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Jung-Min
JM
Ahn
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Duk-Woo
DW
Park
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Soo-Jin
SJ
Kang
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Young-Hak
YH
Kim
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Cheol Whan
CW
Lee
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Seong-Wook
SW
Park
Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: sjpark@amc.seoul.kr.
Seung-Jung
SJ
Park
D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D016208:Databases, Factual; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000401:mortality; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation
D015415:Biomarkers; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form
chronic total occlusion; drug-eluting stent; periprocedural myocardial injury; prognosis; retrograde