Comparative evaluation of serum and salivary immunoglobulin G and A levels with total serum protein in oral submucous fibrosis patients: A case control study.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to estimate and compare the serum and salivary immunoglobulin G and A (IgG, IgA) levels in various stages of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients and relate it to total serum protein (TSP) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels.


METHODS
The sample for the present study comprised a total of 20 healthy controls, 20 OSMF patients. About 5 ml of blood and 2 ml of saliva were collected. Quantitative analysis of serum and salivary IgG, IgA was done by turbidometric immunoassay. TSP and Hb were estimated by Biuret and cyanmethemoglobin methods, respectively.


RESULTS
Serum and salivary IgA and IgG levels were statistically significantly increased (P< 0.001) in OSMF patients when compared to controls. Also serum and salivary IgG and IgA levels showed significantly increased (P< 0.01) in all the three staging of OSMF when compared to control group. Hb levels and TSP levels were significantly decreased (P< 0.001) in OSMF patients when compared to controls. One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and unpairedt-test were used for statistical analysis.


CONCLUSIONS
The elevated levels of IgG and IgA are also in favor of polygammapathy, which are nonspecific and nondiagnostic objective reflections of an underlying disease. Decreased TSP is a result of host response and Hb, acts as an indicator of nutritional status plays an important role. It is also observed from the present study that the severity of OSMF was directly proportional to the estimated elevated levels of the major IgG and IgA. A need is also felt for the knowledge of immunoprofile estimation in etiology and pathogenesis that would prove a great asset in the proper assessment of this condition.
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
M
M
Kandasamy
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Modakkallur, Kerala, India.
N
N
Jaisanghar
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajah Muthiah Dental College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
Ravi David
RD
Austin
Department of Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, Division of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Qassim Private Colleges, Buraydah, Qassim Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Kumar Chandan
KC
Srivastava
Department of Periodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
G Sai
GS
Anusuya
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India.
N
N
Anisa
Hemoglobin; immunoglobulin A; immunoglobulin G; oral squamous cell carcinoma; oral submucous fibrosis; total serum protein