A Prospective Study of Different Types of Dietary Fiber and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
OBJECTIVE
This study was designed to examine the hypothesis that dietary of intake different types of fiber could modify the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large prospective cohort among Iranian adults.


METHODS
In 2006-2008, we used a validated food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary fiber intake among 2295 health professionals with no previous history of heart disease. Subjects were subsequently followed until 2012 for incidence of CVD events. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusted for potential confounders were used to estimate the risk of CVD across tertiles of total dietary fiber and different types of fiber. Linear regression models were also used to indicate the association of dietary fiber intakes with changes of cardiovascular risk factors during the follow-up.


RESULTS
Mean age of participants (42.8% men) was 38.2 ± 13.4, at baseline. Mean (SD) dietary intake of total fiber was 23.4 (8.9) g/day. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk score and dietary confounders, a significant inverse association was observed between intakes of total, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber and CVD risk, in the highest compared to the lowest tertiles (HR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.18-0.83, HR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.09-0.41, and HR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.14-0.69, respectively). Inverse relations were observed between risk of CVD and dietary fiber from legumes, fruits and vegetables; however, dietary fiber intake from grain and nut sources was not related to risk of CVD.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings confirmed that higher intakes of dietary fiber from different sources is associated with CVD events and modify its major risk-related factors.
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Student Research Committee, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, Tehran 19395-4763, Iran. mirmiran@endocrine.ac.ir.
Parvin
P
Mirmiran
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Student Research Committee, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, Tehran 19395-4763, Iran. z.bahadoran@endocrine.ac.ir.
Zahra
Z
Bahadoran
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Student Research Committee, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, Tehran 19395-4763, Iran. sajadkhalili69@gmail.com.
Sajad
S
Khalili Moghadam
Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, Tehran 19395-4763, Iran. azitavakili@endocrine.ac.ir.
Azita
A
Zadeh Vakili
Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, Tehran 19395-4763, Iran. azizi@endocrine.ac.ir.
Fereidoun
F
Azizi
D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015930:Diet Records; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D005947:Glucose; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008055:Lipids; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009754:Nuts; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012995:Solubility; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D008055:Lipids; D005947:Glucose
coronary heart disease; dietary fiber; insoluble fiber; soluble fiber