Health effects of metoprolol in epibenthic and endobenthic invertebrates-A basis to validate future in vitro biotests for effect-based biomonitoring.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect data for metoprolol as a model substance for beta-blockers in aquatic invertebrates. The results will be used as a basis for the validation of future mode of action-based in vitro test systems targeting this class of pharmaceuticals. Effects of metoprolol were investigated in two autochthonous species with high relevance in stream ecology: the amphipod Gammarus fossarum and the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus. Mortality in G. fossarum was not observed in acute toxicity testing (48 h), and a significant increase of mortality at 45 mg/L was found when amphipods were exposed chronically (40 days). The most sensitive population-relevant endpoints were the juvenile-adult ratio and number of egg-bearing females with NOEC/LOEC-values of 5/15 mg/L. No proteotoxic effects were identified in G. fossarum. The sediment toxicity test with L. variegatus according to the OECD Guideline 225 with an exposure time of 28 days resulted in EC10-values of 92.5 and 126.1 mg/kgdwfor the endpoints reproduction and biomass, respectively. In L. variegatus the response kinetics of Hsp70 showed no significant difference between the treatments. A tendency for rising lipid peroxide concentrations was found between 0.03 and 10 mg/kgdw, which were significant between the treatments, but not to the control.
a GWT-TUD GmbH , Dresden , Germany.
Dirk
D
Jungmann
a GWT-TUD GmbH , Dresden , Germany.
Kristin
K
Berg
b Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.
Andreas
A
Dieterich
c Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Frankfurt , Germany.
Martin
M
Frank
c Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Frankfurt , Germany.
Tonya
T
Gräf
d DVGW-Water Technology Center , Karlsruhe , Germany.
Marco
M
Scheurer
b Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.
Simon
S
Schwarz
b Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.
Carmen
C
Siewert
c Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Frankfurt , Germany.
Matthias
M
Oetken
D058671:Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000633:toxicity*; D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000633:toxicity*; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D058671:Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; D008790:Metoprolol; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
Biomarker; Gammarus; Lumbriculus; metoprolol; pharmaceuticals