Clinical Comparison of Two Photosensitizers for Oral Cavity Decontamination.
OBJECTIVE
In this study, we aim to compare the photodynamic inactivation (PDI) effects of two different photosensitizers (PS), Photogem®and Natural Curcumin, irradiated with light-emitted diodes (LED) at 630 and 450 nm, respectively.


BACKGROUND
The current antimicrobial mouthwash for oral hygiene has several drawbacks. In this context, PDI is an alternative technique to inactivate pathogenic microbes in mucosa and in periodontal tissue. Furthermore, there are numerous infectious diseases that may affect the oral cavity, motivating the use of PDI in dentistry.


METHODS
The volunteers (n = 50) were randomize separated into five experimental groups (n = 5) for each PS: water control, PS control, light control, and two PS concentrations (25 and 100 mg/L). Each patient underwent mouthwash solution containing the PS before illumination procedure that was performed with an LED device. For microbial decontamination evaluation, the saliva was collected three times: before (T0), immediately after (T1), and 24 h after the illumination procedure (T2). After that, the difference between the colony forming units (CFU) for each volunteer was compared.


RESULTS
The results show that regardless of PS and treatment applied, there was microbial reduction immediately after PDI, however, after 24 h only Natural Curcumin still presents a reduction. For Photogem after 24 h, the microorganism returns to the original CFU.


CONCLUSIONS
Immediately after PDI, both PS have the same efficiency, nevertheless the Natural Curcumin still has an efficacy after 24 h and also is a more viable photosensitizer. In addition, the results indicate that PDI can be a promised technique used for microbial reducing for the oral cavity.
1 School of Dentistry of Araraquara, UNESP-University of Estadual Paulista , Araraquara, Brazil .|2 São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo , São Carlos, Brazil .
Hérica Adad
HA
Ricci Donato
2 São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo , São Carlos, Brazil .
Sebastião
S
Pratavieira
2 São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo , São Carlos, Brazil .
Clovis
C
Grecco
3 Biomedical Engineer Research Center, CEB, Camilo Castelo Branco University , São Jose dos Campos, Brazil .
Aldo
A
Brugnera-Júnior
2 São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo , São Carlos, Brazil .
Vanderlei Salvador
VS
Bagnato
2 São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo , São Carlos, Brazil .
Cristina
C
Kurachi
D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006415:Hematoporphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D006415:Hematoporphyrins; C000600680:Photogem; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D003474:Curcumin
clinical; curcuminoids; hematoporphyrin; in vivo; photodynamic inactivation