Adaptive Immunity Dysregulation in Acute Coronary Syndromes: From Cellular and Molecular Basis to Clinical Implications.
Although the early outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has considerably improved in the last decade, cardiovascular diseases still represent the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This is mainly because recurrence of ACS eventually leads to the pandemics of heart failure and sudden cardiac death, thus calling for a reappraisal of the mechanisms responsible for coronary instability. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of how adaptive immunity contributes to the pathogenesis of ACS and the clinical implications that arise from these new pathogenic concepts.
Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
Davide
D
Flego
Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: giovanna.liuzzo@gmail.com.
Giovanna
G
Liuzzo
Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Cornelia M
CM
Weyand
Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
Filippo
F
Crea
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
outcome; pathogenesis; signaling; treatment