Transplant Ethics.
The aim of this study was to review and discuss the great variety of ethical issues related to organ donation, organ procurement, transplant activities, and new ethical problems created as a result of technologic and scientific developments.



An extensive literature survey was made, and expert opinions were obtained.



The gap between demand and supply of organs for transplant has yielded to organ trafficking, organ tourism, and commercialism. This problem seems to be the most important issue, and naturally there are ethical dilemmas related to it. A wide number of ideas have been expressed on the subject, and different solutions have been proposed.



The struggle against organ trafficking and commercialism should include legislation, efforts to increase deceased-donor donations, and international cooperation. China's policy to procure organs from prisoners sentenced to death is unethical, and the international community should exert more pressure on the Chinese government to cease this practice. Each particular ethical dilemma should be taken separately and managed.
From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University , Ankara, Turkey.
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D000818:Animals; D003132:Commerce / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006291:Health Policy; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D057193:Medical Tourism / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D064877:Organ Trafficking / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D011329:Prisoners; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000600:supply & distribution; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000941:ethics; D014850:Waiting Lists