MiRNA Biogenesis and Regulation of Diseases: An Overview.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules, with their role in gene silencing and translational repression by binding to target mRNAs. Since it was discovered in 1993, miRNA are found in all eukaryotic cells conserved across the species. In recent years, regulation of miRNAs are extensively studied for their role in biological processes as well as in development and progression of various human diseases including retinal disorder, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease and cancer. This chapter summarises miRNA biogenesis and explores their potential roles in a variety of diseases. miRNAs holds huge potential for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and as predictors of drug response.
SEQOME Ltd, Waterford, Ireland.
Anchal
A
Vishnoi
Department of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus Cork Road, Waterford, Ireland. srani@wit.ie.
Sweta
S
Rani
D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D035683:MicroRNAs
Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Neurodegenerative diseases; Retinal disorder; miRNA