Prosthetic Joint Infection Following Invasive Dental Procedures and Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Patients With Hip or Knee Arthroplasty.
OBJECTIVES We aimed to clarify whether invasive dental treatment is associated with increased risk of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and whether prophylactic antibiotics may lower the infection risk remain unclear. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS All Taiwanese residents (N=255,568) who underwent total knee or hip arthroplasty between January 1, 1997, and November 30, 2009, were screened. METHODS The dental cohort consisted of 57,066 patients who received dental treatment and were individually matched 1:1 with the nondental cohort by age, sex, propensity score, and index date. The dental cohort was further divided by the use or nonuse of prophylactic antibiotics. The antibiotic and nonantibiotic subcohorts comprised 6,513 matched pairs. RESULTS PJI occurred in 328 patients (0.57%) in the dental subcohort and 348 patients (0.61%) in the nondental subcohort, with no between-cohort difference in the 1-year cumulative incidence (0.6% in both, P=.3). Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression revealed no association between dental procedures and PJI. Furthermore, PJI occurred in 13 patients (0.2%) in the antibiotic subcohort and 12 patients (0.18%) in the nonantibiotic subcohorts (P=.8). Multivariate-adjusted analyses confirmed that there was no association between the incidence of PJI and prophylactic antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS The risk of PJI is not increased following dental procedure in patients with hip or knee replacement and is unaffected by antibiotic prophylaxis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2017;38:154-161.
1Department of Orthopedics,E-Da Hospital,Kaohsiung,Taiwan.
Feng-Chen
FC
Kao
2School of Medicine for International Students,I-Shou University,Kaohsiung,Taiwan.
Yao-Chun
YC
Hsu
2School of Medicine for International Students,I-Shou University,Kaohsiung,Taiwan.
Wen-Hui
WH
Chen
8Department of Critical Care Medicine,E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University,Kaohsiung,Taiwan.
Jiun-Nong
JN
Lin
9Department of Healthcare Administration,I-Shou University,Kaohsiung,Taiwan.
Ying-Ying
YY
Lo
1Department of Orthopedics,E-Da Hospital,Kaohsiung,Taiwan.
Yuan-Kun
YK
Tu
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects; D003729:Dental Care / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents