Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model of adult rhabdomyosarcoma invades and recurs after resection in contrast to the subcutaneous ectopic model.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare mesenchymal tumor. The aim of the present study was to develop a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model of RMS and compare the PDOX model to a subcutaneous (s.c.)-transplant model. A patient RMS from a striated muscle was grown orthotopically in the right biceps femoris muscle and right quadriceps muscle of nude mice to establish a PDOX model, as well as under the skin to establish an s.c.


METHODS
PDOX tumors grew at a statistically-significant faster rate compared to the s.c. tumors. Recurrence after surgical resection occurred only in PDOX tumors, not in the s.c.


METHODS
Histologically, only the PDOX model was shown to be invasive. In conclusion, these results indicate that the PDOX model of adult RMS is malignant and the subcutaneous model is benign. These results emphasize that a proper tumor microenvironment is necessary for patient-like behavior of a tumor in a mouse model.
a AntiCancer, Inc. , San Diego , CA , USA.|b Department of Surgery , University of California , San Diego , CA , USA.|c Department of orthopedic Surgery , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japa.
Kentaro
K
Igarashi
a AntiCancer, Inc. , San Diego , CA , USA.|b Department of Surgery , University of California , San Diego , CA , USA.
Kei
K
Kawaguchi
a AntiCancer, Inc. , San Diego , CA , USA.|b Department of Surgery , University of California , San Diego , CA , USA.
Tasuku
T
Kiyuna
a AntiCancer, Inc. , San Diego , CA , USA.|b Department of Surgery , University of California , San Diego , CA , USA.
Takashi
T
Murakami
c Department of orthopedic Surgery , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japa.
Shinji
S
Miwa
d Department of Pathology , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Scott D
SD
Nelson
d Department of Pathology , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Sarah M
SM
Dry
d Department of Pathology , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Yunfeng
Y
Li
e Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Arun
A
Singh
c Department of orthopedic Surgery , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japa.
Hiroaki
H
Kimura
c Department of orthopedic Surgery , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japa.
Katsuhiro
K
Hayashi
c Department of orthopedic Surgery , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japa.
Norio
N
Yamamoto
c Department of orthopedic Surgery , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japa.
Hiroyuki
H
Tsuchiya
f Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Fritz C
FC
Eilber
a AntiCancer, Inc. , San Diego , CA , USA.|b Department of Surgery , University of California , San Diego , CA , USA.
Robert M
RM
Hoffman
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000473:pathology*; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
PDOX; muscle; nude mouse; patient-derived orthotopic xenograft; recurrence; resection; rhabdomyosarcoma; subcutaneous; tumor growth rate