Organophosphate Pesticide Urinary Metabolites Among Latino Immigrants: North Carolina Farmworkers and Non-farmworkers Compared.
This analysis documents detections and concentrations of the six dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary metabolite of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides among North Carolina Latino migrant farmworkers, with comparison to non-farmworker Latino immigrants.



Participants provided up to four urine samples during the 2012 and 2013 agricultural seasons. Composite urine samples for each year were analyzed.



DAP urinary metabolite detections were similar in farmworkers and non-farmworker; for example, for 2012, 75.4% of farmworkers and 67.4% of non-farmworkers and, for 2013, 89.3% of farmworkers and 89.7% of non-farmworkers had dimethylthiophosphate detections. DAP geometric mean concentrations were high; for example, dimethylphosphate concentrations among farmworkers were 11.39 μg/g creatinine for 2012 and 4.49 μg/g creatinine for 2013, while they were 10.49 μg/g creatinine for 2012 and 1.97 μg/g creatinine for 2013 for non-farmworkers CONCLUSIONS:: Research to reduce pesticide exposure among Latino farmworkers and non-farmworkers is needed.
Department of Family and Community Medicine (Drs Arcury, Mora, Summers); Center for Worker Health (Drs Arcury, Chen, Howard, Mora, Summers, Quandt); Department of Radiology (Dr Laurienti); Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences (Dr Chen); Center for Genomics & Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Dr Howard); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Barr); and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Dr Quandt).
Thomas A
TA
Arcury
Paul J
PJ
Laurienti
Haiying
H
Chen
Timothy D
TD
Howard
Dana Boyd
DB
Barr
Dana C
DC
Mora
Phillip
P
Summers
Sara A
SA
Quandt
D000328:Adult; D000383:Agriculture; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D000067565:Farmers; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009657:North Carolina; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000652:urine*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000652:urine*
D010755:Organophosphates; D010575:Pesticides