Ethnic Differences in Glucose Homeostasis Markers between the Kyushu-Okinawa Population Study and the Framingham Offspring Study.
We compared markers of glucose homeostasis and their association with diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in Fukuoka, Japanese subjects (n = 1108) and age-, gender- and menopausal status-matched participants in the Framingham Offspring Study (n = 1096). The markers examined included fasting glucose, insulin, adiponectin, and glycated albumin, as well as body mass index (BMI), use of medications, and history of diabetes. The results showed that IFG prevalence in Japanese men (15.9%) and women (7.4%) were 50% less than those observed in Framingham men (34.5%) and women (21.4%) (P < 0.001). However, the diabetes prevalence in Japanese men at 13.3% was twice as high (P < 0.01) as the rate in Framingham men at 6.5%, while these rates were similar in women. Median insulin levels in Japanese men (4.6 μIU/mL) and women (4.3 μIU/mL) were about 50% lower (P < 0.001) than those in Framingham men (10.8 μIU/mL) and women (9.9 μIU/mL), as were insulin resistance values (P < 0.001). These population differences were also observed after subjects were stratified by glucose levels. In conclusion, our data indicate that there is significantly less IFG, lower insulin levels, and insulin resistance, but higher diabetes prevalence in Fukuoka men than in Framingham men, indicating that insulin deficiency may be an important cause of diabetes in Japan.
Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA.|Nutritional Epidemiology Program, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA.|Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan.
Hiroaki
H
Ikezaki
Department of Insured Medical Care Management, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan.
Masumi
M
Ai
Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
Ernst J
EJ
Schaefer
Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1 W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556 Japan.
Seiko
S
Otokozawa
Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
Bela F
BF
Asztalos
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511 Japan.
Katsuyuki
K
Nakajima
Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue CT3, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
Yanhua
Y
Zhou
Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue CT3, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
Ching-Ti
CT
Liu
Nutritional Epidemiology Program, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
Paul F
PF
Jacques
Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue CT3, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
L Adrienne
LA
Cupples
Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan.
Norihiro
N
Furusyo
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose