Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles via plant extracts: beginning a new era in cancer theranostics.
With the development of the latest technologies, scientists are looking to design novel strategies for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer. Advances in medicinal plant research and nanotechnology have attracted many researchers to the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles due to its several advantages over conventional synthesis (simple, fast, energy efficient, one pot processes, safer, economical and biocompatibility). Medicinally active plants have proven to be the best reservoirs of diverse phytochemicals for the synthesis of biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In this review, we discuss mechanistic advances in the synthesis and optimization of AgNPs from plant extracts. Moreover, we have thoroughly discussed the recent developments and milestones achieved in the use of biogenic AgNPs as cancer theranostic agents and their proposed mechanism of action. Anticipating all of the challenges, we hope that biogenic AgNPs may become a potential cancer theranostic agent in the near future.
Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad
M
Ovais
Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Ali Talha
AT
Khalil
National Institute for Lasers & Optronics, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Abida
A
Raza
Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad Adeeb
MA
Khan
Department of Life sciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Irshad
I
Ahmad
Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Nazar Ul
NU
Islam
Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Muthupandian
M
Saravanan
Azad Jammu & Kashmir Medical College, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad Furqan
MF
Ubaid
Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad
M
Ali
Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.|Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Zabta Khan
ZK
Shinwari
D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D036103:Nanotechnology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012834:Silver
anticancer activity; biogenic nanoparticles; cancer theranostics; green chemistry; green synthesis; nanomedicine; phytosynthesis; silver nanoparticles