The Effect of Nystatin Solution on Otoacoustic Emissions in Rats.
OBJECTIVE
In patients with a perforated tympanic membrane, topically administered medication reaches the middle ear and thus creates a risk of ototoxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible ototoxic effect of the antifungal medication nystatin when administered to the rat middle ear cavity.


METHODS
Three groups (negative control, positive control, and study groups), each containing eight rats, were formed. Before the drug administration, distortion product otoacoustic emissions were recorded in both ears of each rat. Saline (0.09% NaCl), gentamycin, and nystatin solutions were transtympanically injected into the middle ear cavities of the negative control, positive control, and study groups, respectively, for five consecutive days. Seven days after the last infiltration, the control otoacoustic emission was measured, and the data of the 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 kHz frequencies were statistically analyzed.


RESULTS
There were no significant changes between the 1st and 2nd measures in the negative control group (0.09% NaCl) (p>0.05), whereas there were significant changes between the 1st and 2nd measures in the positive control group (gentamycin) and study group (nystatin) (p<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Ototopical medications carry a risk of ototoxicity in patients with perforated ear drums. In the present study, it was shown that nystatin, an antifungal that can be ototopically used in the treatment of otomycosis, may cause a decrease in otoacoustic emissions in rats when administered into the middle ear cavities.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey. alperenvural@yahoo.com.
Alperen
A
Vural
Mehmet İlhan
Mİ
Şahin
Mesut
M
Aydın
Ramazan
R
Gündoğdu
Turan
T
Arlı
Hacı
H
Okuducu
Denizhan
D
Dizdar
İsmail
İ
Külahlı
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003051:Cochlea / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000187:drug effects; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009761:Nystatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000187:drug effects*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D018058:Tympanic Membrane Perforation / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D009761:Nystatin