Improving the Management of COPD in Women.
COPD is a highly debilitating disease that represents a substantial and growing health burden in women. There is increasing evidence for sex-related differences in COPD risk, progression, and outcomes. However, the disease receives scant attention as a women's health issue. Thus, a multifaceted approach is required to address COPD in women, including greater awareness, minimization of risk, and further elucidation of the sex-specific factors (biological and cultural) that affect risk, disease progression, and treatment success. This article reviews the current literature on the topic and provides suggestions for achieving better outcomes for the millions of women with COPD worldwide.
The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: christine.jenkins@sydney.edu.au.
Christine R
CR
Jenkins
Asthma and Airway Centre, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Kenneth R
KR
Chapman
Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
James F
JF
Donohue
Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Cochin Hospital Group, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
Nicolas
N
Roche
University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Ioanna
I
Tsiligianni
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
MeiLan K
MK
Han
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017281:Cost of Illness; D019468:Disease Management; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening; D055118:Medication Adherence; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D058996:Quality Improvement; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D016387:Women's Health
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents
COPD; lung function; sex