Adhesion GPCRs as Modulators of Immune Cell Function.
Immune cells express several adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs), including the ADGRE subfamily members EMR1 (F4/80, ADGRE1), EMR2 (ADGRE2), EMR3 (ADGRE3), EMR4 (FIRE, ADGRE4), and CD97 (ADGRE5), the ADGRB subfamily member BAI1 (ADGRB1), and the ADGRG subfamily members GPR56 (ADGRG1), GPR97 (Pb99, ADGRG3), and GPR114 (ADGRG5). Expression of these molecules in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, monocytes/macrophages (Mφs), dendritic cells, granulocytes, and lymphocytes depends on lineage diversification and maturation, making them suitable markers for individual leukocyte subsets (e.g., F4/80 on mouse Mφs). Recent studies revealed intriguing activities of aGPCRs in tolerance induction (EMR1), granulopoiesis (CD97), engulfment of apoptotic cells and bacteria (BAI1), hematopoietic stem cell formation (GPR56), and control of cytotoxicity (GPR56). Here, we review these findings and discuss their biological and translational implications.
Department of Experimental Immunology, K0-144, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105AZ, The Netherlands. j.hamann@amc.uva.nl.
Jörg
J
Hamann
Department of Experimental Immunology, K0-144, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105AZ, The Netherlands.
Cheng-Chih
CC
Hsiao
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Jordan Hall 7315, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
Chang Sup
CS
Lee
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Jordan Hall 7315, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
Kodi S
KS
Ravichandran
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. hhlin@mail.cgu.edu.tw.|Chang Gung Immunology Consortium and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan. hhlin@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
Hsi-Hsien
HH
Lin
D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism*; D008024:Ligands; D011485:Protein Binding; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D008024:Ligands; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Adhesion GPCRs; Granulocytes; Immunity; Macrophages; Phagocytosis; T cells