Pharmacological importance of sulphated polysaccharide carrageenan from red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in comparison with commercial carrageenan.
Pharmacological properties of native carrageenan (κ) extracted from Kappaphycus alvarezii and commercial carrageenan (Sigma-Aldrich) were evaluated using in vitro antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic studies. Phytochemical analysis of native and commercial carrageenans showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids, gums & mucilages and carbohydrate. Both native and commercial carrageenans exhibited better antioxidant activities such as total antioxidant capacity (87±0.47 and 82.6±0.47μg A.A/g), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (61.4±0.27 and 58.66±0.31μg/ml), nitric oxide radical scavenging activity (80.42±0.22 and 73.66±0.22μg/ml), DPPH radical scavenging activity (56.26±0.20 and 53.67±0.082μg/ml) and reducing power assay (46.57±0.32 and 42.54±0.27μg/ml) at the maximum concentration of 100μg/ml carrageenans. These results indicated that native carrageenan from K. alvarezii possessed better antioxidant potential in comparison with commercial carrageenan. Anticancer activities of both carrageenans showed excellent inhibition on the growth of breast, colon, liver and osteosarcoma cell lines at the maximum concentration of 150μg/ml. Native carrageenan exhibited an excellent anticancer activity on colon carcinoma cell lines (67.66±0.168%) with the IC50value of 73.87μg/ml and commercial carrageenan possessed a potent inhibition on the growth of breast cancer cell lines (67.33±0.077%) with the IC50value of 123.8μg/ml. These results clearly indicated the beneficial effect of native and commercial carrageenans as anticancer agents being a free radical scavenger. Anti-diabetic property of both carrageenans showed inhibition effect on α- glucosidase enzyme. The inhibitory effect depends on concentration of carrageenans and it was recorded that maximum (74.49±1.05 and 67.42±0.63) inhibitory effect of α- glucosidase enzyme at 500μg/ml concentration.
MNP laboratory, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam-629502, Tamilnadu, India.
Arumugampillai Manimehalai
AM
Suganya
MNP laboratory, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam-629502, Tamilnadu, India.
Muthusamy
M
Sanjivkumar
Department of Animal Science, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli-627012, India.
Manohar Navin
MN
Chandran
Department of Animal Science, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli-627012, India.
Arunachalam
A
Palavesam
MNP laboratory, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam-629502, Tamilnadu, India. Electronic address: gimmas@gmail.com.
Grasian
G
Immanuel
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010851:Picrates; D011134:Polysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D002351:Carrageenan; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
Antidiabetic; Antioxidant; Carrageenan; Cell lines; Kappaphycus alvarezii; α-Glucosidase