Peri-implantitis cleaning instrumentation influences the integrity of photoactive nanocoatings.
To determine in vitro the loss of integrity caused on photocatalytic anatase coated implant surfaces by clinical instrumentation through changes in surface topography and loss of functionality.



Anatase-coated titanium discs were treated with diamond burs, polishers, plastic and metal hand instruments, air scaler and air flow devices. The pressure exerted through instrumentation was measured online. Surface topography was evaluated through scanning electron microscopy and contact profilometry, surface function through hydrophilization capacity upon UV-A activation.



Treatment with diamond burs and instruments with metal tips resulted in an increase of roughness. Use of silicone polishers led to smoothening, which was more pronounced on the anatase surface. Plastic instruments, the air abrasive system and rubber cups left the surfaces intact. Functionality was partially lost on surfaces subjected to hand instruments and completely lost upon diamond burs and silicone polishers.



The integrity of functional nanocoatings depends on the applied instrumentation. Air flow device, rubber cup with polishing paste and plastic tipped instruments prevent damage on these nanosurfaces and may be preferably used when decontaminating anatase and other nanocoatings in a clinical setting.
University Hospital Tübingen, Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, Tübingen, Germany.
F
F
Kister
Institut for ImplantTechnology and Biomaterials e.V., Associated Institut of the University of Rostock, Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany.
O
O
Specht
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, Department of Material Science and Medical Engineering, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
M
M
Warkentin
University Hospital Tübingen, Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, Tübingen, Germany.
J
J
Geis-Gerstorfer
University Hospital Tübingen, Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: frank.rupp@med.uni-tuebingen.de.
F
F
Rupp
D015921:Dental Implants; D003762:Dental Instruments; D003775:Dental Polishing; D012534:Dental Scaling; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures; D057873:Peri-Implantitis; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium
Anatase; Nanocoating; Peri-implantitis treatment; Photocatalysis; Photofunctionalisation; Superhydrophilicity; Wear