Immature oocyte retrieval and in vitro oocyte maturation at different phases of the menstrual cycle in women with cancer who require urgent gonadotoxic treatment.
To evaluate the feasibility and the efficacy of in vitro maturation (IVM) when immature oocyte collection was performed in the early follicular, late follicular, or luteal phases in women with cancer who require urgent chemotherapy.



Retrospective cohort study.



University teaching hospital.



One-hundred and sixty-four women with cancer undergoing IVM treatment for fertility preservation.



Oocyte retrieval, IVM, cryopreservation.



Medians (interquartile range) of oocytes collected, maturation rates after 48 hours of culture, and metaphase II oocytes cryopreserved.



The analysis included a total of 192 cycles grouped into early follicular phase (n = 46), late follicular phase (n = 107), or luteal phase (n = 39). Embryo cryopreservation was performed in 82 cycles, and oocyte cryopreservation in 105 cycles. Between the early follicular, late follicular, and luteal phases, no statistically significant differences were found in the number of oocytes collected (8.5 [4-15.8], 8 [5-14], and 7 [4-9], respectively), the maturation rates after 48 hours of culture (53.5% [39.8-77], 58% [44-82], and 50% [33-67], respectively), or the number of oocytes cryopreserved (3 [0-7.3], 3 [0-7], and 3 [1-5.5], respectively). Similarly, the fertilization rates (77 [62.8-92.5], 75 [60-100], and 63.5 [50-75], respectively) and number of embryos cryopreserved (3 [2-5.8], 3 [0.5-5], and 2 [1-3], respectively) were not statistically significantly different among the groups.



Our study confirms the feasibility of IVM collection at any time during the menstrual cycle. Treatment with IVM is an alternative method when chemotherapy cannot be delayed or ovarian stimulation is contraindicated. The long-term outcomes remain to be studied.
McGill University Health Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Reproductive Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: helenecreux@gmail.com.
Helene
H
Creux
McGill University Health Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Patricia
P
Monnier
McGill University Health Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Weon-Young
WY
Son
McGill University Health Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Togas
T
Tulandi
McGill University Health Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
William
W
Buckett
D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015925:Cryopreservation; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects*; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005498:Follicular Phase; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D059471:In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008183:Luteal Phase; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
Cancer; fertility preservation; in vitro maturation; luteal phase