Maternal lipid profile and the relation with spontaneous preterm delivery: a systematic review.
BACKGROUND
It is unknown whether an unfavorable (atherogenic) lipid profile and homocysteine level, which could supersede clinical cardiovascular disease, is also associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery (sPTD). A systematic review of studies assessing the lipid profile and homocysteine value of women with sPTD compared to women with term delivery in pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy.


METHODS
A systematic search of peer-reviewed articles published between January 1980 and May 2014 was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane database. We included case-control and cohort studies that examined triglycerides, high/low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol and homocysteine in women with sPTD. Articles were subdivided in pre-pregnancy, first, second and third trimester. Of 708 articles reviewed for eligibility, 14 met our inclusion criteria.


CONCLUSIONS
Nine cohort studies and five case-control studies were analyzed, reporting on 1466 cases with sPTD and 11296 controls with term delivery. The studies suggest a possible elevated risk of sPTD in woman with high TG levels, no association of high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol with the risk of sPTD was found. High homocysteine levels are associated with sPTD in the second trimester. The role of triglycerides and homocysteine in sPTD should be explored further.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Maryam
M
Moayeri
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.|Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Karst Y
KY
Heida
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Arie
A
Franx
Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Wilko
W
Spiering
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Center, H4-275, P.O.Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Monique W M
MW
de Laat
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.a.oudijk@amc.uva.nl.|Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Center, H4-275, P.O.Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.a.oudijk@amc.uva.nl.
Martijn A
MA
Oudijk
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D012306:Risk
D008055:Lipids
Cholesterol; Homocysteine; Lipids; Preterm birth; Preterm delivery; Triglycerides