Use of juglone as antibacterial and potential efflux pump inhibitors in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the oral cavity.
In this study the minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) of tetracycline (Tet), erythromycin (Ery) and benzalkonium chloride (BC) in absence and in presence of a sub-MIC of juglone (Jug) were determined. In addition, the Ethidium bromide (EtBr) efflux assay was performed to assess the effect of Jug on EtBr cells accumulation. Our results showed a selective antimicrobial activity of Jug against the tested strains. A synergistic effect of Jug, drugs (Tet and Ery) and disinfectant (BC) was noticed with a reduction rate varied from 2 to 16-fold. In addition, the efflux of EtBr was inhibited depending on the Jug concentration. In the presence of Jug, a decrease in loss of EtBr from bacteria was observed. The concentration inducing 50 % of EtBr efflux inhibition after 15 min was about 182 μg ml-1for S. aureus ATCC 25923, 236 μg ml-1for S. aureus B193 and 195 μg ml-1for S. aureus B456. It appears from this study that Jug may be used as a natural source for resistance-modifying activity in same bacteria.
Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Tarek
T
Zmantar
Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Hanene
H
Miladi
College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical Laboratory Department, Yanbu el Bahr, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Monawarah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: bochrak@yahoo.fr.
Bochra
B
Kouidhi
Laboratory of Bacteriology and Molecular Biology, Hôspital of Ibn El Jazzar, Kairouan, Tunisia.
Yassine
Y
Chaabouni
Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Rihab
R
Ben Slama
Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Amina
A
Bakhrouf
Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; Laboratory of Bacteriology and Molecular Biology, Hôspital of Ibn El Jazzar, Kairouan, Tunisia.
Kacem
K
Mahdouani
College of Sciences, Biology Department, Yanbu el Bahr, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Monawarah, Saudi Arabia.
Kamel
K
Chaieb
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects*; D002648:Child; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004996:Ethidium / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology; D014416:Tunisia
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D004202:Disinfectants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D004917:Erythromycin; D004996:Ethidium; D013752:Tetracycline; C005134:juglone
Antibacterial activity; Efflux pumps inhibitors; Juglone; Staphylococcus aureus