Willingness to Pay for Measures of Managing the Health Effects of Heat Wave in Beijing, China: a Cross-sectional Survey.
OBJECTIVE
There are evidences that heat wave events cause deaths and emergency cases. This article used the contingent valuation method to find the willingness to pay for the protective measures and investigated the factors that influence the willingness to pay.


METHODS
A cross-sectional face-to-face household survey was completed by 637 urban long-term residents and 591 rural long-term residents aged 15-79 in Beijing, China. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors that influenced the payment rate or payment amount for the protective measures, including independent variables for district, gender, age, education, income, air conditioner ownership, heat wave experience, and chronic non-communicable disease.


RESULTS
The payment rate was 41.1% for protective measures provided by the government and 39.5% by measures provided by the market. Most of the respondents were willing to pay 40 CNY per capita annually for measures provided by the government or the market. The factors influencing willingness to pay were district, gender, income, air conditioner ownership, heat wave experience, and chronic non-communicable disease..


CONCLUSIONS
Protective measures for heat waves need to be provided immediately. More attention should be paid to the situation of vulnerable groups, such as people who live in urban areas, those without air conditioning, and those who have experienced a heat wave in the past.
Department of Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
Yi
Y
Zhang
Department of Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
Chen
C
Chen
Department of Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
Jie
J
Ban
Institute of Environmental Health, Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing 100021, China.
Jin Hui
JH
Zhao
Department of Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
Dan Dan
DD
Xu
Department of Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
Peng Fei
PF
Zhu
Department of Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
Tian Tian
TT
Li
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000068476:Beijing; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000191:economics* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012424:Rural Population; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
Heat wave; Influencing factor; Protective measure; Willingness to pay