Development of a Method and Validation for the Quantitation of FruArg in Mice Plasma and Brain Tissue Using UPLC-MS/MS.
Aged garlic extract (AGE) is a popular nutritional supplement and is believed to promote health benefits by exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and hypolipidemic and antiplatelet effects. We have previously identifiedN-α-(1-deoxy-d-fructos-1-yl)-l-arginine (FruArg) as a major contributor to the bioactivity of AGE in BV-2 microglial cells whereby it exerted a significant ability to attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammatory responses and to regulate the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response. Here, we report on a sensitive ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) protocol that was validated for the quantitation of FruArg in mouse plasma and brain tissue samples. Solid-phase extraction was used to separate FruArg from proteins and phospholipids present in the biological fluids. Results indicated that FruArg was readily absorbed into the blood circulation of mice after intraperitoneal injections. FruArg was reliably detected in the subregions of the brain tissue postinjection, indicating that it penetrates the blood-brain barrier in subnanomolar concentrations that are sufficient for its biological activity.
Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States; Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.
Mitch C
MC
Johnson
Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States; Center for Translational Neuroscience and Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States; Center for Translational Neuroscience and Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States.
Hailong
H
Song
Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States; Center for Translational Neuroscience and Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States; Center for Translational Neuroscience and Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States.
Jiankun
J
Cui
Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States; Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.
Valeri V
VV
Mossine
Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States; Center for Translational Neuroscience and Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States; Center for Translational Neuroscience and Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States.
Zezong
Z
Gu
Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States; Department of Chemistry, Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.
C Michael
CM
Greenlief