Fluorescent nanoprobes for sensing and imaging of metal ions: recent advances and future perspectives.
Recent advances in nanoscale science and technology have generated nanomaterials with unique optical properties. Over the past decade, numerous fluorescent nanoprobes have been developed for highly sensitive and selective sensing and imaging of metal ions, bothin vitroandin vivo. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent development of the design and optical properties of the different classes of fluorescent nanoprobes based on noble metal nanomaterials, upconversion nanoparticles, semiconductor quantum dots, and carbon-based nanomaterials. We further detail their application in the detection and quantification of metal ions for environmental monitoring, food safety, medical diagnostics, as well as their use in biomedical imaging in living cells and animals.
Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
JingJing
J
Zhang
College of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
FangFang
F
Cheng
College of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
JingJing
J
Li
College of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Jun-Jie
JJ
Zhu
Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Yi
Y
Lu
Carbon nanomaterials; Fluorescent nanoprobes; Metal ions; Noble metal; Quantum dots; Upconversion nanoparticles