Lipodystrophy Syndromes.
Lipodystrophies are heterogeneous disorders characterized by varying degrees of body fat loss and predisposition to insulin resistance and its metabolic complications. They are subclassified depending on degree of fat loss and whether the disorder is genetic or acquired. The two most common genetic varieties include congenital generalized lipodystrophy and familial partial lipodystrophy; the two most common acquired varieties include acquired generalized lipodystrophy and acquired partial lipodystrophy. Highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced lipodystrophy in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and drug-induced localized lipodystrophy are common subtypes. The metabolic abnormalities associated with lipodystrophy include insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic steatosis. Management focuses on preventing and treating metabolic complications.
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8537, USA.
Iram
I
Hussain
Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8537, USA. Electronic address: abhimanyu.garg@utsouthwestern.edu.
Abhimanyu
A
Garg
D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000150:complications; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000150:complications; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013577:Syndrome
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy; Acquired partial lipodystrophy; Congenital generalized lipodystrophy; Familial partial lipodystrophy; Lipodystrophy; Metreleptin