Exercise pulmonary haemodynamics predict outcome in patients with systemic sclerosis.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of exercise haemodynamics measured during right heart catheterisation (RHC) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) referred for evaluation of pulmonary hypertension.SSc patients undergoing RHC at rest and during maximal supine incremental cycle exercise were grouped into resting precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PHrest) (mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≥25 mmHg, pulmonary artery wedge pressure <15 mmHg), exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension (PHex) (mPAP ≥30 mmHg and mPAP/cardiac output >3 mmHg·L-1·min-1at maximal exercise), and without pulmonary hypertension (PHnone). Patients' characteristics, haemodynamics and follow up data were compared between groups.72 SSc patients were followed for median (interquartile range) 33 (15-55) months. Mean (95% CI) survival without transplantation estimated by Kaplan-Meyer analysis was 4.4 (0.8-2.9) years in PHrest(n=17), 5.2 (4.4-6.1) years in PHex(n=28) and 9.5(8.4-10.6) years in PHnone(n=27; p<0.05 versus others). In Cox regression models, the exercise-induced increase in mPAP (hazard ratio (HR) 1.097, 95% CI 1.002-1.200) and the coefficient of pulmonary vascular distensibility alpha (HR 0.100, 95% CI 0.012-0.871) controlled for age, but not resting haemodynamics predicted transplant-free survival.Among SSc patients with normal mPAP at rest, an excessive increase in mPAP during exercise and an impaired vascular distensibility may indicate an early stage of pulmonary vasculopathy, associated with reduced survival similar to resting pulmonary hypertension patients.
Dept of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Adriana
A
Stamm
Dept of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Stéphanie
S
Saxer
Dept of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Mona
M
Lichtblau
Dept of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Elisabeth D
ED
Hasler
Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Suzana
S
Jordan
Dept of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Lars C
LC
Huber
Dept of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Konrad E
KE
Bloch
Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Oliver
O
Distler
Dept of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland silvia.ulrich@usz.ch.
Silvia
S
Ulrich
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002302:Cardiac Output; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000401:mortality* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D014655:Vascular Resistance