Arsenic Exposure and Predicted 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Using the Pooled Cohort Equations in U.S. Hypertensive Adults.
This study was to evaluate the association of urine arsenic with predicted 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in U.S. adults with hypertension. Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 1570 hypertensive adults aged 40-79 years in the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with determinations of urine arsenic. Predicted 10-year ASCVD risk was estimated by the Pooled Cohort Equations, developed by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association in 2013. For men, after adjustment for sociodemographic factors, urine dilution, ASCVD risk factors and organic arsenic intake from seafood, participants in the highest quartiles of urine arsenic had higher 10-year predicted ASCVD risk than in the lowest quartiles; the increases were 24% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2%, 53%) for total arsenic, 13% (95% CI: 2%, 25%) for dimethylarsinate and 22% (95% CI: 5%, 40%) for total arsenic minus arsenobetaine separately. For women, the corresponding increases were 5% (95% CI: -15%, 29%), 10% (95% CI: -8%, 30%) and 0% (95% CI: -15%, 19%), respectively. Arsenic exposure, even at low levels, may contribute to increased ASCVD risk in men with hypertension. Furthermore, our findings suggest that particular circumstances need urgently to be considered while elucidating cardiovascular effects of low inorganic arsenic levels.
Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University School of Public Health, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China. qjnong@163.com.
Qingjiao
Q
Nong
Departments of Epidemiology and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. yzhang74@jhu.edu.
Yiyi
Y
Zhang
Departments of Epidemiology and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. eguallar@jhu.edu.
Eliseo
E
Guallar
Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University School of Public Health, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China. qazhong@gxmu.edu.cn.
Qiuan
Q
Zhong
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001151:Arsenic / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017747:Seafood / Q000633:toxicity; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D060766:Drinking Water; D001151:Arsenic
arsenic; cardiovascular disease; gender difference; hypertension; risk assessment