CAD/CAM milled removable complete dentures: an in vitro evaluation of trueness.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare the trueness of one type of CAD/CAM milled complete removable dental prostheses (CRDPs) with injection-molding and conventionally manufactured CRDPs.


METHODS
Thirty-three CRDPs were fabricated by three different manufacturing techniques (group CAD/CAM (AvaDent™): n = 11; group injection molding (Ivocap™): n = 11; group flask-pack-press: n = 11) using a single master reference model and incubated in artificial saliva for 21 days. The trueness of the entire intaglio surface along with five specific regions of interest (vestibular-flange, palate, tuberosities, alveolar crest, and post-dam areas) was compared. Non-parametric tests were used with a level of significance set at p < 0.05.


RESULTS
At baseline, there was no difference in the trueness of the total intaglio surfaces between the groups. After incubation, only the conventional CRDPs showed a significant improvement in trueness of the entire intaglio surface (p = 0.0044), but improved trueness was confirmed for all three techniques in most individual regions of interest. The 80-20 % /2 median quantile of the CAD/CAM group demonstrated the highest variability of individual readings, probably due to the size of the milling instrument. However, for all three techniques, 80 % of all deviations of the complete intaglio surface after incubation in saliva were below 0.1 mm.


CONCLUSIONS
In this in vitro study, the trueness of the intaglio surface of all three investigated techniques seems to remain within a clinically acceptable range. Additional research is warranted on material-related aspects, cost-effectiveness, clinical performance, patient-centered outcomes, as well as other CAD/CAM techniques for CRDP fabrication.


CONCLUSIONS
The intaglio surface trueness is an essential aspect in the clinical performance of CRDPs.
Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 19 Rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
Murali
M
Srinivasan
Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 19 Rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
Yoann
Y
Cantin
Division of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Albert
A
Mehl
Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Harald
H
Gjengedal
Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 19 Rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. frauke.mueller@unige.ch.|Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Thônex, Switzerland. frauke.mueller@unige.ch.
Frauke
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3981-0134
F
Müller
Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 19 Rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.|Division of Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Martin
M
Schimmel
D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003764:Dental Materials; D003779:Denture Design / Q000379:methods*; D003824:Denture, Complete; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D003764:Dental Materials
Artificial saliva; CAD/CAM; Complete denture prosthesis; Complete removable dental prosthesis; Dental materials; Injection-molding; PMMA resin; Trueness