The expression signatures of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) mucosal surfaces against bacterial challenge.
The mucosal surfaces constitute the first immune barrier of host defense and also serve as the dynamic interfaces that simultaneously mediate a diverse array of critical physiological processes. It has been long hypothesized that observed difference of disease resistance among different fish strains and species are strongly correlated to the activities of the immune actors in mucosal surfaces. Particularly, neuronal NOS (nNOS or NOS1) is a constitutively expressed gene that catalyzes the oxidation of l-arginine and water to nitric oxide (NO), which is known as a potent host defence effector in immune system with antimicrobial activity. Moreover, NOS1 was detected to be expressed in fish mucosal surfaces, but its activities in mucosal immune responses were always overlooked. In this regard, we identified the NOS1 of turbot and characterized its expression patterns in mucosal tissues following Vibrio anguillarum and Streptococcus iniae challenge. The results showed that the NOS1 gene had a 4389 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encoded 1462 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis showed the turbot NOS1 had the strongest relationship to Larimichthys crocea. And the syntenic analysis revealed the similar neighboring genes associated with turbot NOS1, compared with other teleost and mammals. In addition, NOS1 was widely expressed in all examined tissues with the highest expression level in brain, followed by intestine and gill. Finally, the NOS1 showed a general trend of up-regulation in mucosal tissues following both bacterial challenge, with the highest up-regulation in intestine. The significant quick induction of NOS1 in mucosal surfaces against infection indicated its key roles to prevent pathogen attachment and entry in mucosal immunity. More functional studies are needed to conduct in teleost to better understand the roles of NOS1 in maintaining the integrity of the mucosal barriers against infection.
Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
Xiaoyu
X
Dong
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
Qiang
Q
Fu
Functional Zone Coordinating Office of Huangdao District (West Coast New Area), Qingdao 266555, China.
Song
S
Liu
Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
Chengbin
C
Gao
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China.
Baofeng
B
Su
School of International Education and Exchange, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
Fenghua
F
Tan
Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China. Electronic address: leoochao@163.com.
Chao
C
Li
D000818:Animals; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005412:Flatfishes; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010802:Phylogeny; D011897:Random Allocation; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000662:veterinary; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000070058:Streptococcus iniae / Q000502:physiology; D014733:Vibrio / Q000502:physiology; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*
D029941:Fish Proteins; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
Mucosal immunity; Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1); Streptococcus iniae; Turbot; Vibrio anguillarum