Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of female African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagné, to host plant volatiles.
African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagné, is a major pest of rice in Africa. Depsite its economic importance, its chemical ecology is not well understood. Here, we assessed behavioral and electrophysiological responses of O. oryzivora to host plant volatiles. In olfactometer bioassays, mated female O. oryzivora were attracted to volatiles emitted from intact rice plants but were repelled by volatiles collected from plants infested by conspecifics. In a choice test, there was a preference for volatiles from uninfested plants over those from infested plants. Coupled gas chromatography-electroantennography analyses of panicle volatiles isolated four electrophysiologically active components: (S)-linalool, 4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E)-caryophyllene, and (R/S)-(E)-nerolidol. A synthetic blend of volatiles at the same concentration and ratio as that from an intact plant was attractive to mated females, whereas a blend based on the ratio of volatiles from an infested plant was repellent. This suggests that O. oryzivora uses olfaction for host plant recognition. The identification of blends of volatiles emitted by plants that can both attract and repel O. oryzivora may aid the development of sustainable control measures.
Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.|Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK.
Emmanuel O
EO
Ogah
Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK.
Lesley E
LE
Smart
Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK.
Christine M
CM
Woodcock
Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK.
John C
JC
Caulfield
Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK.
Michael A
MA
Birkett
Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK.
John A
JA
Pickett
Africa Rice Centre, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Francis E
FE
Nwilene
Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK. toby.bruce@rothamsted.ac.uk.
Toby J
TJ
Bruce
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D004175:Diptera / Q000502:physiology*; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis; D064367:Olfactometry; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000469:parasitology; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D036226:Seedlings / Q000737:chemistry; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis; D014835:Volatilization
C411254:4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene; D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D013729:Terpenes; C024714:caryophyllene; C018584:linalool; C037055:nerolidol
Cecidomyiidae; Diptera; Host location; Insect-plant interactions; Olfactometer; Pest management; Plant volatile; Semiochemicals