Immunological Mechanisms Underneath the Efficacy of Cancer Therapy.
Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that the success of several anticancer agents-including some conventional chemotherapeutics, targeted anticancer agents as well as specific forms of radiotherapy-depends (at least in part) on their ability to stimulate anticancer immune responses. Such immunostimulatory effects can be "on-target," i.e., they originate within cancer cells, or "off-target," i.e., they develop from a heretofore unsuspected interaction between cancer therapy and the immune system. Here, we briefly discuss the immunologic mechanisms that underlie the efficacy of some forms of cancer therapy, as we highlight the rationale for combining these treatment modalities with immunotherapy to achieve superior therapeutic effects. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(11); 895-902. ©2016 AACR.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. deadoc@vodafone.it kroemer@orange.fr.|Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.|INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.|Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.|Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.
Lorenzo
L
Galluzzi
Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.|INSERM, U1015, Villejuif, France.|Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France.|Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Laurence
L
Zitvogel
Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. deadoc@vodafone.it kroemer@orange.fr.|INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.|Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.|Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.|Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, Paris, France.|Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Guido
G
Kroemer
D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D056747:Immunomodulation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm