Outcomes and toxicities in patients treated with definitive focal therapy for primary prostate cancer: systematic review.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review summarizes the clinical data on focal therapy (FT) when used alone as definitive therapy for primary prostate cancer (PCa).


METHODS
The protocol is detailed in the online PROSPERO database, registration No. CRD42014014765. Articles evaluating any form of FT alone as a definitive treatment for PCa in adult male patients were included.


RESULTS
Of 10,419 identified articles, 10,401 were excluded, and thus leaving 18 for analysis. In total, 2288 patients were treated using seven modalities. The outcomes of FT in PCa seem to be similar to those observed with whole gland therapy and with fewer side effects.


CONCLUSIONS
Further research, including prospective randomized trials, is warranted to elucidate the potential advantages of focal radiation techniques for treating PCa. Prospero Registration Number: CRD42014014765.
Department of Internal Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Atallah
A
Baydoun
Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Case Center for Imaging Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Bryan
B
Traughber
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Nathan
N
Morris
Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
Michella
M
Abi Zeid Daou
Cleveland Health Sciences Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Michael
M
McGraw
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Tarun K
TK
Podder
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Case Center for Imaging Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Raymond F
RF
Muzic
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Simon S
SS
Lo
Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Lee E
LE
Ponsky
Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Mitchell
M
Machtay
Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Rodney
R
Ellis
D055011:Ablation Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
HIFU; SBRT; brachytherapy; cryotherapy; focal therapy; prostate cancer