Kidney stones: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management.
The prevalence of kidney stones is increasing, and approximately 12 000 hospital admissions every year are due to this condition. This article will use a case study to focus on a patient diagnosed with a calcium oxalate kidney stone. It will discuss the affected structures in relation to kidney stones and describe the pathology of the condition. Investigations for kidney stones, differential diagnosis and diagnosis, possible complications and prognosis, will be discussed. Finally, a detailed account of management strategies for the patient with kidney stones will be given, looking at pain management, medical procedures and dietary interventions.
PhD student and undergraduate nursing teaching assistant, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Priscilla
P
Cunningham
Lecturer Health Services Research, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Helen
H
Noble
Senior Lecturer (Education), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Abdul-Kadhum
AK
Al-Modhefer
Clinical Teaching Fellow, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Ian
I
Walsh
D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004035:Diet Therapy; D019468:Disease Management; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D024802:Nurse's Role; D059408:Pain Management
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Calcium oxalate; Kidney stones; Medical expulsion therapy; Nephrolithiasis; Renal colic; Renal obstruction