Artificial Blood for Dogs.
There is no blood bank for pet animals. Consequently, veterinarians themselves must obtain "blood" for transfusion therapy. Among the blood components, serum albumin and red blood cells (RBCs) are particularly important to save lives. This paper reports the synthesis, structure, and properties of artificial blood for the exclusive use of dogs. First, recombinant canine serum albumin (rCSA) was produced using genetic engineering with Pichia yeast. The proteins showed identical features to those of the native CSA derived from canine plasma. Furthermore, we ascertained the crystal structure of rCSA at 3.2 Å resolution. Pure rCSA can be used widely for numerous clinical and pharmaceutical applications. Second, hemoglobin wrapped covalently with rCSA, hemoglobin-albumin cluster (Hb-rCSA3), was synthesized as an artificial O2-carrier for the RBC substitute. This cluster possesses satisfactorily negative surface net charge (pI = 4.7), which supports enfolding of the Hb core by rCSA shells. The anti-CSA antibody recognized the rCSA exterior quantitatively. The O2-binding affinity was high (P50= 9 Torr) compared to that of the native Hb. The Hb-rCSA3cluster is anticipated for use as an alternative material for RBC transfusion, and as an O2therapeutic reagent that can be exploited in various veterinary medicine situations.
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
Kana
K
Yamada
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
Kyoko
K
Yokomaku
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
Moeka
M
Kureishi
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
Motofusa
M
Akiyama
JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan.
Kiyohito
K
Kihira
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
Teruyuki
T
Komatsu
D000818:Animals; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004285:Dogs; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D000072756:Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical; D000072417:Protein Domains; D055550:Protein Stability; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000737:chemistry*
D001802:Blood Substitutes; D006454:Hemoglobins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D010100:Oxygen