Effects of the dietary supplementation of mixed probiotic spores of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54A, and Bacillus pumilus 47B on growth, innate immunity and stress responses of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus).
The study used the mixed probiotics of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54A and B. pumilus 47B isolated from striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) intestine aiming to stimulate growth performance, innate immunity, stress tolerance of striped catfish. The average weight gain (AWG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were analyzed after fish were fed the mixture of probiotics (B. amyloliquefaciens 54A and B. pumilus 47B) at concentrations of 1 × 108, 3 × 108, and 5 × 108CFU g-1feed for 90 days. Immunity parameters, survival rate of fish challenged with Edwardsiella ictaluri and ammonia tolerance were also investigated. The amounts of B. amyloliquefaciens and B. pumilus were counted and identified by specific primer pairs of Ba1-F/Ba1-R, and 16-F/Bpu-R to confirm the presence of probiotics in fish intestine. The AWG (476.6 ± 7.81 g fish-1) of fish fed probiotics at 5 × 108CFU g-1was significant higher than the control (390 ± 25.7 g fish-1) after 90 days of feeding, but there was no significant (P > 0.05) effect of probiotics on FCR and SGR. Fish fed diet containing probiotics at 5 × 108CFU g-1also expressed resistance to E. ictaluri infection and higher immune parameters such as phagocytic activity, respiratory bursts, and lysozyme activity than the control. Stress response with ammonia showed significantly lower mortality rate (25%, 20% and 27%) of fish fed probiotics at all three levels of 1, 3 and 5 × 108CFU g-1than the fish fed control diet (75%). The study also demonstrated that the probiotics survived in the intestine of striped catfish after 90 days of feeding. Therefore, the dietary supplementation of a mixture of B. amyloliquefaciens and B. pumilus at 5 × 108CFU g-1can be used to improve the health and growth rate of striped catfish.
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Nong Lam University, Viet Nam; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Ho Thi
HT
Truong Thy
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Nong Lam University, Viet Nam.
Nguyen Nhu
NN
Tri
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Nong Lam University, Viet Nam.
Ong Moc
OM
Quy
Curtin Aquatic Research Laboratory, Department of Environment & Agriculture, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley 6102, WA, Australia.
Ravi
R
Fotedar
Division of Fisheries, School of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand.
Korntip
K
Kannika
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Sasimanas
S
Unajak
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. Electronic address: ffisnwa@ku.ac.th.
Nontawith
N
Areechon
D000641:Ammonia / Q000633:toxicity*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000069977:Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / Q000276:immunology*; D000069979:Bacillus pumilus / Q000276:immunology*; D002397:Catfishes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D020610:Edwardsiella ictaluri / Q000502:physiology; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D019936:Probiotics; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects
D000641:Ammonia
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54A; Bacillus pumilus 47B; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Growth; Immunity; Pangasianodon hypophthalmus; Stress