Antilithiatic effect of Peucedanum grande C. B. Clarke in chemically induced urolithiasis in rats.
BACKGROUND
Duqu (Peucedanum grande C. B. Clarke) has been used by Unani physicians since ancient times in retention of urine, renal and bladder calculi, nephritis and other associated disorders in different dosage forms.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to evaluate the antiurolithiatic activity of Peucedanum grande C. B. Clarke in experimental model.


METHODS
The experiment was carried out in male Sprague Dawley rats divided into 5 groups of 8 animals each. Animals of negative control received 1ml of 5% Gum acacia throughout the study. Remaining four groups received Ethylene glycol 0.75% and Ammonium chloride 1% by adding in their drinking water for first seven days to induce urolithiasis. From 8th day, positive control received 1ml of 5% Gum acacia, standard control received Cystone in the dose of 750mg/kg while test groups A and B were treated with hydroalcoholic extract of test drug in the dose of 56mg/kg and 97mg/kg respectively up to 21 days, thereafter the animals were sacrificed. Number of CaOx crystals in urine, levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, urea, urinary calcium and sodium were observed. Kidney homogenate analysis and histopathology were also carried out.


RESULTS
Test drug reduced number of CaOx crystals in urine (p<0.001); levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, (p<0.001) urea, (p<0.05); urinary calcium (p<0.001) and sodium decreased significantly in standard and test groups. The urine volume increased significantly (p<0.05, 0.01) in both the test groups. Histopathology of kidney showed no CaOx crystal deposition in both the test groups.


CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of above findings, it can be concluded that the test drug possesses significant antiurolithiatic activity.
Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: dr_bnkumar@yahoo.com.
B N
BN
Kumar
Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: drwadud87@gmail.com.
Abdul
A
Wadud
Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: nasreen2000@yahoo.com.
Nasreen
N
Jahan
Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: sofi114@rediffmail.com.
Ghulamuddin
G
Sofi
Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: nazishnaaz@gmail.com.
Humaira
H
Bano
Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), Dr. Abdul Haq Unani Medical College, Kurnool, India. Electronic address: aziznium@gmail.com.
Shaikh Ajij Ahmed
SA
Makbul
Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: dr.shkhan84@gmail.com.
Sadique
S
Husain
D000818:Animals; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000652:urine; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine
D010936:Plant Extracts; D028321:Plant Preparations; C041060:cystone; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D010758:Phosphorus; D014508:Urea; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D002118:Calcium
Antiurolithiatic activity; CaOx crystals; Peucedanum grande; Unani Medicine; Urolithiasis