Surface micro-morphology, phase transformation, and mechanical reliability of ground and aged monolithic zirconia ceramic.
This study aimed to determine the effects of grinding and low temperature aging on the biaxial flexural strength, structural reliability (Weibull analysis), surface topography, roughness analysis, and phase transformation (t→m) of an yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline ceramic. Ceramic discs (15.0×1.2±0.2mm, VITA In-Ceram YZ) were prepared and randomly assigned into six groups according to 2 factors (n=30): 'grinding' (Ctrl - without treatment, as-sintered; Xfine - grinding with extra fine diamond bur - 30µm; Coarse - grinding by coarse diamond bur - 151µm), and 'aging' (without or with aging: CtrlLTD; XfineLTD; CoarseLTD). Grinding was performed in an oscillatory motion with a contra-angle handpiece under constant water-cooling. Low temperature degradation (LTD) was simulated in an autoclave at 134°C, under 2bar pressure, for 20h. The roughness (Raand Rzparameters) significantly increased after grinding in accordance with bur grit-size (Coarse>Xfine>Ctrl), and aging promoted distinct effects (Ctrl=CtrlLTD; Xfine>XfineLTD; Coarse=CoarseLTD). Grinding increased the m-phase, and aging led to an increase in the m-phase in all groups. However, different susceptibilities to LTD were observed. Weibull analysis showed a significant increase in the characteristic strength after grinding (Coarse=Xfine>Ctrl), while aging did not lead to any deleterious impact. Neither grinding nor aging resulted in any deleterious impact on material reliability (no statistical decrease in the Weibull moduli). Thus, neither grinding nor aging led to a deleterious effect on the mechanical properties of the evaluated Y-TZP ceramic although a high m-phase content and roughness were observed.
MSc-PhD Graduate Program in Oral Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Electronic address: luisfguilardi@hotmail.com.
L F
LF
Guilardi
MSc-PhD Graduate Program in Oral Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Electronic address: gabrielkrpereira@hotmail.com.
G K R
GKR
Pereira
Physics School, Federal University of Pampa, Bage, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Electronic address: gundel@gmail.com.
A
A
Gündel
MSc-PhD Graduate Program in Oral Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Electronic address: mariliarip@hotmail.com.
M P
MP
Rippe
MSc-PhD Graduate Program in Oral Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Electronic address: lfvalandro@hotmail.com.
L F
LF
Valandro
D002516:Ceramics / Q000032:analysis*; D008422:Materials Testing; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013499:Surface Properties; D015019:Yttrium / Q000032:analysis*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000032:analysis*
C499362:yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia; D015019:Yttrium; D015040:Zirconium
Dental materials; Grinding; Hydrothermal degradation; Surface treatments; Y-TZP Ceramics; Yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide