A Precision Microbiome Approach Using Sucrose for Selective Augmentation of Staphylococcus epidermidis Fermentation against Propionibacterium acnes.
Acne dysbiosis happens when there is a microbial imbalance of the over-growth ofPropionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) in the acne microbiome. In our previous study, we demonstrated thatStaphylococcus epidermidis(S. epidermidis, a probiotic skin bacterium) can exploit glycerol fermentation to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) which have antimicrobial activities to suppress the growth ofP. acnes. Unlike glycerol, sucrose is chosen here as a selective fermentation initiator (SFI) that can specifically intensify the fermentation activity ofS. epidermidis, but notP. acnes. A co-culture ofP. acnesand fermentingS. epidermidisin the presence of sucrose significantly led to a reduction in the growth ofP. acnes. The reduction was abolished whenP. acneswas co-cultured with non-fermentingS. epidermidis. Results from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis revealed four SCFAs (acetic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, and succinic acid) were detectable in the media ofS. epidermidissucrose fermentation. To validate the interference ofS. epidermidissucrose fermentation withP. acnes, mouse ears were injected with bothP. acnesandS. epidermidisplus sucrose or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The level of macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and the number ofP. acnesin ears injected with two bacteria plus sucrose were considerably lower than those in ears injected with two bacteria plus PBS. Our results demonstrate a precision microbiome approach by using sucrose as a SFI forS. epidermidis, holding future potential as a novel modality to equilibrate dysbiotic acne.
Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA. yanhanw@gmail.com.
Yanhan
Y
Wang
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320009, Taiwan. s36424592@yahoo.com.tw.
Ming-Shan
MS
Kao
NMR and Crystallography Facilities, Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. jinghua@sbpdiscovery.org.
Jinghua
J
Yu
Surface Bioadvances Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA. rhuang53@gmail.com.
Stephen
S
Huang
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320009, Taiwan. shintasimbolon53@yahoo.com.
Shinta
S
Marito
Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA. rgallo@ucsd.edu.
Richard L
RL
Gallo
Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA. chunming@ucsd.edu.|Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 92103, USA. chunming@ucsd.edu.
Chun-Ming
CM
Huang
D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D000898:Antibiosis; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004423:Ear / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D064307:Microbiota; D019936:Probiotics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
D015415:Biomarkers; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; C404915:Cxcl2 protein, mouse; D013395:Sucrose; D005990:Glycerol
P. acnes; S. epidermidis; acne vulgaris; microbiome; skin; sucrose