Dietary sodium and potassium intake were associated with hypertension, kidney damage and adverse perinatal outcome in pregnant women with preeclampsia.
OBJECTIVE
In this study, we hypothesized that dietary salt and potassium intake may be related with blood pressure, kidney damage and perinatal outcome in pregnants with preeclampsia (PE).


METHODS
In total, 200 women (50 control women with healthy pregnancy, 150 women with PE) were recruited for the study. Daily salt and potassium intake was estimated based on calculation of 24-hour urinary sodium U[Na+] and potassium U[K+] excretion. U[Na+]/[K+] was calculated by dividing U[Na+] by U[K+]. At the end of the measurements, the pregnant women with PE (n=150) were divided into tertiles according to U[Na+]/[K+]: low Na/K group (n=50, mean U[Na+]/[K+]: 1,04±0,32), medium Na/K group (n=50, mean U[Na+]/[K+]: 2,49± 0,54), high Na/K group (n=50, mean U[Na+]/[K+]: 6,62±3,41).


RESULTS
The mean SBP and DBP levels were significantly lower in low Na/K group compared with medium or high Na/K groups (p=0.024, p=0.0002; respectively). Serum creatinine was significantly lower in low Na/K group than high Na/K group (p=0.025). Frequency of severe preeclampsia is lower in low Na/K group than medium or high Na/K groups (p=0.002, p=0.0001; respectively). Birth weight and gestational age at birth were higher in low Na/K group compared with high Na/K group (p=0.045, p=0.0002; respectively). After adjusting for covariates, SBP and DBP and creatinine levels were independently associated with 24 hours urinary [Na+]/[K+] Conclusion: These findings suggest that pregnant with PE with high dietary salt and low potassium intake may have greater maternal and neonatal morbidity risk than pregnant with PE under low dietary salt and high potassium intake.
a Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Training Hospital , Department of Perinatology , Ankara , Turkey.
Zehra Vural
ZV
Yılmaz
b Dr. Sami Ulus Women's and Children's Health Training and Research Hospital , Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Ankara , Turkey.
Elif
E
Akkaş
a Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Training Hospital , Department of Perinatology , Ankara , Turkey.
Gülenay Gençosmanoğlu
GG
Türkmen
a Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Training Hospital , Department of Perinatology , Ankara , Turkey.
Özgür
Ö
Kara
a Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Training Hospital , Department of Perinatology , Ankara , Turkey.
Aykan
A
Yücel
a Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Training Hospital , Department of Perinatology , Ankara , Turkey.
Dilek
D
Uygur
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D017419:Potassium, Dietary; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D055815:Young Adult
D017419:Potassium, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D003404:Creatinine
Preeclampsia; outcome; potassium intake; sodium intake