Differences in Microsatellite Instability Profiles between Endometrioid and Colorectal Cancers: A Potential Cause for False-Negative Results?
Colorectal (CRCs) and endometrioid (EMCs) cancers in patients with Lynch syndrome exhibit microsatellite instability (MSI) detected by PCR or immunohistochemistry (IHC). While both assays are equally sensitive for CRCs, some suggest that PCR has a higher false-negative rate than IHC in EMCs. We assessed the MSI profiles of 91 EMC and 311 CRC specimens using five mononucleotide repeat markers: BAT25, BAT26, NR21, NR24, and MONO27. EMCs with high MSI (MSI-H) showed a mean left shift of 3 nucleotides (nt), which was significantly different from 6 nt in CRCs. A shift of 1 nt was observed in multiple markers in 76% of MSI-H EMCs, whereas only 12% of MSI-H CRCs displayed a 1-nt shift in one of five markers. IHC against four mismatch repair proteins was performed in 78 EMCs. Loss of staining in one or more proteins was detected in 18 of 19 tumors that were MSI-H by PCR. When EMC tumor cell burden was diluted to <30%, MSI-H was no longer observed in two of three EMCs with a mean nucleotide shift of 1 nt. These results indicate that EMC and CRC MSI profiles are different and that caution should be exercised when interpreting the results, as subtle, 1-nt changes may be missed. These findings provide a potential cause of previously reported discordant MSI and IHC results in EMCs.
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Yang
Y
Wang
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Chanjuan
C
Shi
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Rosana
R
Eisenberg
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Electronic address: cindy.vnencak-jones@vanderbilt.edu.
Cindy L
CL
Vnencak-Jones
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D018269:Carcinoma, Endometrioid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003123:Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D051719:MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051719:MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein