Fraction of Auxemma oncocalyx and Oncocalyxone A Affects the In Vitro Survival and Development of Caprine Preantral Follicles Enclosed in Ovarian Cortical Tissue.
BACKGROUND
Auxemma oncocalyx and its main component oncocalyxone A (onco A) have a high level of antioxidant and antitumor activity, but there are no studies on the action of both of these drugs regarding folliculogenesis.


METHODS
Caprine ovarian tissue fragments were fixed (non-cultured control) or cultured for 1 or 7 days in α-MEM+ alone (cultured control) or supplemented with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 20% v/v), bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15; 100 ng/ml), doxorubicin (DXR; 0.3 g/ml), or different concentrations of A. oncocalyx (1.2, 12, or 34 g/ml) or onco A (1, 10, or 30 g/ml). We analyzed for follicular morphology and growth, apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay), and cell proliferation (silver staining of argyrophilic nucleolus organizer regions (AgNOR) and test for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)).


RESULTS
A. oncocalyx and onco A (in a concentration-dependent manner) and DXR decreased (P < 0.05) the number of morphologically normal follicles, with no effect (P > 0.05) on follicular growth. A. oncocalyx reduced (P < 0.05) the percentage of normal follicles compared to onco A, whereas DXR, A. oncocalyx 1.2 g/ml, and onco A 1 g/ml increased (P < 0.05) the percentage of TUNEL-positive follicles. DXR decreased (P < 0.05) the number of nucleolus organizer regions.


CONCLUSIONS
A. oncocalyx and onco A affected the in vitro caprine folliculogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Onco A (1 g/ml) has a less harmful effect than DXR on goat preantral follicle survival.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LAMOFOPA, PPGCV, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Johanna
J
Leiva-Revilla
Laritza Ferreira
LF
Lima
Simone Vieira
SV
Castro
Claudio Cabral
CC
Campello
Valdevane Rocha
VR
Araújo
Juliana Jales de Hollanda
JJ
Celestino
Otília Deusdênia Loiola
OD
Pessoa
Edilberto Rocha
ER
Silveira
Ana Paula Ribeiro
AP
Rodrigues
José Ricardo
JR
Figueiredo
D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis
D000880:Anthraquinones; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; C408504:oncocalyxone A