Making urothelial carcinomas less immune to immunotherapy.
The success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced urothelial carcinoma provides patients with the prospect for durable objective responses. However, the majority of patients do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade. Several potential predictive biomarkers of response have been evaluated in hopes of better identifying likely responders, though each has been shown to have limitations. Going forward, development of reliable predictive biomarkers is imperative. Likewise, innovative treatment combination approaches to convert non-responders to responders are essential to continue making progress in the field.
Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.
Jorge D
JD
Ramos
Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA. Electronic address: evanyu@u.washington.edu.
Evan Y
EY
Yu
D000074322:Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007167:Immunotherapy; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D035703:Therapies, Investigational; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*
D000074322:Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C423236:CD274 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
Bladder; Immunotherapy; Urothelial carcinoma