Comparative genomics of extrachromosomal elements in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis.
Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is one of the most important microorganisms used against mosquitoes. It was intensively studied following its discovery and became a model bacterium of the B. thuringiensis species. Those studies focused on toxin genes, aggregation-associated conjugation, linear genome phages, etc. Recent announcements of genomic sequences of different strains have not been explicitly related to the biological properties studied. We report data on plasmid content analysis of four strains using ultra-high-throughput sequencing. The strains were commercial product isolates, with their putative ancestor and type B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strain sequenced earlier. The assembled contigs corresponding to published and novel data were assigned to plasmids described earlier in B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and other B. thuringiensis strains. A new 360 kb plasmid was identified, encoding multiple transporters, also found in most of the earlier sequenced strains. Our genomic data show the presence of two toxin-coding plasmids of 128 and 100 kb instead of the reported 225 kb plasmid, a co-integrate of the former two. In two of the sequenced strains, only a 100 kb plasmid was present. Some heterogeneity exists in the small plasmid content and structure between strains. These data support the perception of active plasmid exchange among B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strains in nature.
Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France. Electronic address: alexandre.bolotine@jouy.inra.fr.
Alexandre
A
Bolotin
Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, UCL, Croix du, Sud, 2-L7.05.12, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Electronic address: annika.gillis@uclouvain.be.
Annika
A
Gillis
Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France. Electronic address: vincent.sanchis@jouy.inra.fr.
Vincent
V
Sanchis
Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France. Electronic address: christina.nielsen@jouy.inra.fr.
Christina
C
Nielsen-LeRoux
Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, UCL, Croix du, Sud, 2-L7.05.12, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Electronic address: jacques.mahillon@uclouvain.be.
Jacques
J
Mahillon
Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France. Electronic address: didier.lereclus@jouy.inra.fr.
Didier
D
Lereclus
Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France. Electronic address: alexei.sorokine@jouy.inra.fr.
Alexei
A
Sorokin
D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D061046:Biological Control Agents; D009033:Culicidae / Q000382:microbiology; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D061046:Biological Control Agents; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004269:DNA, Bacterial
Conjugative plasmid pXO16; Israelensis plasmids; Israelensis sequencing; pBtoxis