Children's Caregivers and Public Playgrounds: Potential Reservoirs of Infection of Hand-foot-and-mouth Disease.
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease, which has led to millions of clinical cases and hundreds of deaths every year in China. This study aimed to exploring the effects on HFMD transmission of children's caregivers and public area, as well as trying to locate the potential reservoirs of infections in primary cases. Total children's 257 samples (98 children's caregivers and 159 environmental samples) were tested for the presence of universal enterovirus, enterovirus 71, coxsackie virus A6 and A16 by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). 5.84% (15/257, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.98%, 8.70%) of total samples had positive results of enterovirus. The enterovirus positive rates of children's caregiver samples and environmental samples were respectively 7.14% (7/98, 95% CI: 2.04%, 12.24%), and 5.03% (8/159, 95% CI: 1.63%, 8.43%); 7.61% (7/92, 95% CI: 2.21%, 13.01%) of wiping samples from playgrounds and 1.49% (1/67, 95% CI: 0, 7.00%) of air samples in indoor market places had positive result of enterovirus. High positive rates of enterovirus in children's caregivers and from playgrounds indicated that they would be potential reservoirs of HFMD infection, as children might be infected via contacting with asymptomatic-infected individuals or exposure of contaminated surface of public facilities.
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Pengyuan
P
Li
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Tao
T
Li
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Qiuyun
Q
Gu
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Xiaomin
X
Chen
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Jiahui
J
Li
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Xiashi
X
Chen
Medical College of Shaoguan University, Guangdong, China.
Yan
Y
Chen
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Danwei
D
Zhang
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Rong
R
Gao
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhenjian
Z
He
Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Xun
X
Zhu
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Wangjian
W
Zhang
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Yuantao
Y
Hao
School of Public Health, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Dingmei
D
Zhang
D000328:Adult; D017028:Caregivers; D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000821:virology*; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult