Structure, biosynthesis and function of unusual lipids A from nodule-inducing and N2-fixing bacteria.
This review focuses on the chemistry and structures of (Brady)rhizobium lipids A, indispensable parts of lipopolysaccharides. These lipids contain unusual (ω-1) hydroxylated very long chain fatty acids, which are synthesized by a very limited group of bacteria, besides rhizobia. The significance and requirement of the very long chain fatty acids for outer membrane stability as well as the genetics of the synthesis pathway are discussed. The biological role of these fatty acids for bacterial life in extremely different environments (soil and intracellular space within nodules) is also considered.
Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: adam.choma@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl.
Adam
A
Choma
Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Iwona
I
Komaniecka
Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Kamil
K
Zebracki
D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000502:physiology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation / Q000502:physiology*; D012231:Rhizobium / Q000378:metabolism
D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009584:Nitrogen
Lipid A; Nodule-forming bacteria; Rhizobium; Very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA)