Preliminary analysis of the relationship between serum lutein and zeaxanthin levels and macular pigment optical density.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the relationship between combined serum lutein and zeaxanthin (L+Z) concentration and macular pigment optical density (MPOD), and to investigate the effect of L+Z+docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) dietary supplementation on the spatial distribution of MPOD.


METHODS
Twenty healthy fellow eyes with unilateral wet age-related macular degeneration or chronic central serous chorioretinopathy were included. All participants received a dietary supplement for 6 months that contained 20 mg L, 1 mg Z, and 200 mg DHA. The best-corrected visual acuity and contrast sensitivity (CS) were measured at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months. Serum L+Z concentrations were measured at baseline and at 3 months. MPOD was calculated at each time point using fundus autofluorescent images.


RESULTS
Serum L+Z concentration was correlated with MPOD at 1°-2° eccentricity at baseline (r=0.63,P=0.003) and 3 months (r=0.53,P=0.015). Serum L+Z concentration increased by a factor of 2.3±1.0 (P<0.0001). At 6 months, MPOD was significantly higher compared to the baseline level at 0°-0.25° (P=0.034) and 0.25°-0.5° (P=0.032) eccentricity. CS improved after 3 or 6 months of L+Z+DHA supplementation (P<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Juxtafoveal MPOD was associated with serum L+Z concentration. Foveal MPOD was increased by L+Z+DHA dietary supplementation.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan.
Shigeto
S
Fujimura
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo.
Kohei
K
Ueda
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo.
Yoko
Y
Nomura
Singapore Eye Research Institute; Medical Retina Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Yasuo
Y
Yanagi
fundus autofluorescence; spatial distribution; supplement