Spatio-temporal dynamics of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and transfer to periphytic biofilm in an urban river: case-study on the River Seine.
This study addresses the spatio-temporal dynamics of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a highly urbanized freshwater hydrosystem, the Seine River (NW France). The distribution of PFASs between water, sediment, and periphytic biofilm was investigated at three sampling sites along a longitudinal gradient upstream and downstream from the Paris urban area. Seasonal variability was assessed through four sampling campaigns performed under contrasting hydrological conditions. In the dissolved phase, ∑PFASs fluctuated between 2 and 9 ng L-1upstream and 6-105 ng L-1downstream from Paris. Negative correlations between dissolved PFAS levels and river flow rate were generally observed, corroborating the predominance of point-source PFAS inputs at these sites. 18/19 target PFASs were detected, with a predominance of PFHxS and PFOS (20% of ∑PFASs each), except for the farthest downstream site where 6:2 FTSA was prevalent (35 ± 8% of ∑PFASs), likely reflecting industrial and urban inputs. In biofilms, ∑PFASs fell in the 4-32 ng g-1dw range, and substantial bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were reported for PFNA, PFDA, and PFOS (log BCF 2.1-4.3), higher than those of PFHxS or PFOA. BCFs varied inversely with dissolved PFAS levels, potentially pointing to concentration-dependent bioaccumulation. Biofilm community characteristics (C/N ratio) may also be an influential determinant of PFAS bioaccumulation. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, LPTC Research Group, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400, Talence, France.
Gabriel
G
Munoz
Irstea Antony, Unité de Recherche Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (HBAN), 1 Rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, F-92761, Antony Cedex, France.|AgroParisTech, F-75005, Paris, France.
Lise C
LC
Fechner
University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, LPTC Research Group, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400, Talence, France.
Emmanuel
E
Geneste
University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, LPTC Research Group, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400, Talence, France.
Patrick
P
Pardon
CNRS, EPOC, UMR 5805, LPTC Research Group, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400, Talence, France.
Hélène
H
Budzinski
CNRS, EPOC, UMR 5805, LPTC Research Group, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400, Talence, France. pierre.labadie@u-bordeaux.fr.
Pierre
P
Labadie
D018441:Biofilms; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005602:France; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis; D010297:Paris; D000074284:Periphyton; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D005466:Fluorocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
Bioconcentration; Fluorotelomer sulfonate; Periphytic biofilm; Polyfluoroalkyl compounds; Urban river