Determinants of High Fasting Insulin and Insulin Resistance Among Overweight/Obese Adolescents.
Hyperinsulinaemia is the earliest subclinical metabolic abnormality, which precedes insulin resistance in obese children. An investigation was conducted on the potential predictors of fasting insulin and insulin resistance among overweight/obese adolescents in a developing Asian country. A total of 173 overweight/obese (BMI > 85thpercentile) multi-ethnic Malaysian adolescents aged 13 were recruited from 23 randomly selected schools in this cross-sectional study. Waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BF%), physical fitness score (PFS), fasting glucose and fasting insulin were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Adjusted stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to predict fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. Covariates included pubertal stage, socioeconomic status, nutritional and physical activity scores. One-third of our adolescents were insulin resistant, with girls having significantly higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR than boys. Gender, pubertal stage, BMI, WC and BF% had significant, positive moderate correlations with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR while PFS was inversely correlated (p < 0.05). Fasting insulin was primarily predicted by gender-girls (Beta = 0.305, p < 0.0001), higher BMI (Beta = -0.254, p = 0.02) and greater WC (Beta = 0.242, p = 0.03). This study demonstrated that gender, BMI and WC are simple predictors of fasting insulin and insulin resistance in overweight/obese adolescents.
Sports Medicine, Deans' Office, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.|Sports Medicine Department, 11th Floor, South Tower, University Malaya Medical Centre, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jerri Chiu Yun
JC
Ling
Sports Medicine, Deans' Office, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.|Sports Medicine Department, 11th Floor, South Tower, University Malaya Medical Centre, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Mohd Nahar Azmi
MN
Mohamed
Department of Paediatrics, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Muhammad Yazid
MY
Jalaludin
Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Sanjay
S
Rampal
The Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Nur Lisa
NL
Zaharan
The Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Zahurin
Z
Mohamed
D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008296:Malaysia / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D055105:Waist Circumference
D007328:Insulin