The Neuroprotective Properties of Hericium erinaceus in Glutamate-Damaged Differentiated PC12 Cells and an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model.
Hericium erinaceus, an edible and medicinal mushroom, displays various pharmacological activities in the prevention of dementia in conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. The present study explored the neuroprotective effects ofH. erinaceusmycelium polysaccharide-enriched aqueous extract (HE) on an l-glutamic acid (l-Glu)-induced differentiated PC12 (DPC12) cellular apoptosis model and an AlCl₃ combined with d-galactose-induced Alzheimer's disease mouse model. The data revealed that HE successfully induced PC12 cell differentiation. A 3 h HE incubation at doses of 50 and 100 µg/mL before 25 mM of l-Glu effectively reversed the reduction of cell viability and the enhancement of the nuclear apoptosis rate in DPC12 cells. Compared with l-Glu-damaged cells, in PC12 cells, HE suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, blocked Ca2+overload and prevented mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depolarization. In the Alzheimer's disease mouse model, HE administration enhanced the horizontal and vertical movements in the autonomic activity test, improved the endurance time in the rotarod test, and decreased the escape latency time in the water maze test. It also improved the central cholinergic system function in the Alzheimer's mice, demonstrated by the fact that it dose-dependently enhanced the acetylcholine (Ach) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) concentrations in both the serum and the hypothalamus. Our findings provide experimental evidence that HE may provide neuroprotective candidates for treating or preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. archer707@163.com.
Junrong
J
Zhang
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. anshengshu@163.com.
Shengshu
S
An
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. huwj1312@163.com.
Wenji
W
Hu
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. tengmeiyu2013@163.com.
Meiyu
M
Teng
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. xuew16@mials.jlu.edu.cn.
Xue
X
Wang
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. yidiqu@163.com.
Yidi
Y
Qu
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. liuyangyang@jlu.edu.cn.
Yang
Y
Liu
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China. papas93@163.com.
Ye
Y
Yuan
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. jluwangdi@outlook.com.
Di
D
Wang
D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002712:Chlorides; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005690:Galactose; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D025282:Mycelium / Q000737:chemistry; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D000109:Acetylcholine; D002118:Calcium; D005690:Galactose
Alzheimer‘s disease mouse; Hericium erinaceus; glutamate; mitochondria; neuro-protection