Long-Term Outcomes of Open Arch Repair After a Prior Aortic Operation: Our Experience in 154 Patients.
BACKGROUND
This study assessed the early and long-term results of arch operations performed after a prior aortic operation.


METHODS
From 1994 to 2014, 154 consecutive patients (mean age, 59.7 years) underwent an aortic arch repair, after a previous aortic operation, at our institution. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion was used in all cases. Chronic postdissection aortic aneurysm (87 [56.5%]) and degenerative aneurysm (43 [27.9%]) represented the most common indications for surgical intervention. A complete arch replacement was performed in 119 patients (77.3%), an associated root repair in 70 (45.5%), and the frozen elephant trunk technique was used in 55 (35.7%).


RESULTS
Hospital mortality was 11.7% (n = 18). Postoperative permanent neurologic dysfunction occurred in 10 patients (6.4%). On multivariate analysis, cardiopulmonary bypass time (odds ratio, 1.02 per minute; p = 0.005) emerged as the only independent predictor of hospital death. Follow-up was 100% complete. The estimated survival at 1, 5, and 10 years was 79.6%, 69.9%, and 46.8%, respectively. Freedom from reoperation was 75.6% at 5 years and 54.6% at 10 years. Cox regression identified chronic postdissection aortic aneurysm (odds ratio, 4.2; p = 0.006) to be the only independent predictor of aortic reintervention. Late survival was comparable between degenerative aneurysm patients and the Italian population matched for age and sex (standardized mortality ratio, 1.9; p = 0.1). Longevity was reduced in patients operated on for chronic postdissection aortic aneurysm (standardized mortality ratio, 6.3; p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Arch operations after a previous open aortic repair can be performed with acceptable mortality and good long-term outcomes. Complete aortic resection did not increase hospital deaths and was associated with a low need for aortic reinterventions at follow-up.
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Roberto
R
Di Bartolomeo
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Paolo
P
Berretta
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Antonio
A
Pantaleo
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Giacomo
G
Murana
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Mariano
M
Cefarelli
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Jacopo
J
Alfonsi
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Barberio
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Alessandro
A
Leone
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Luca
L
Di Marco
Department of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: davide.pacini@unibo.it.
Davide
D
Pacini
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001011:Aorta / Q000601:surgery; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors
D010100:Oxygen