The Validation of the Clinical Male Pelvic Trainer Mk 2-Advanced Models for Scrotal Examination Simulation.
OBJECTIVE
To validate the use of a novel physical model, the "Clinical Male Pelvic Trainer (CMPT) Mk 2-Advanced," for scrotal examination simulation and evaluate its use for surgical education.


METHODS
A total of 7 CMPT Mk 2-Advanced scrotal models were used for teaching: normal, varicocele, testicular tumor, epididymal cyst, hydrocele, epididymo-orchitis, and indirect inguinoscrotal hernia. At 4 surgical courses in the West Yorkshire Foundation Deanery, UK, between 2015 and 2016, trainees were asked to assess their clinical experience, confidence levels in diagnosing scrotal pathology and simulation properties of the scrotal models on a 5-point Likert Scale. Expert responses were used to validate these findings.


RESULTS
In total, 65 trainees and 12 experts (including 3 senior residents) participated in the study (n = 77). There was a positive-tailed distribution in responses from experts for realistic simulation of scrotal contents and pathology; only 1.5% and 14.4% of all responses by experts were scored as a "1" (strongly disagree) or "2" (disagree). The intraclass coefficient (κ) was 0.86 among experts. No significant differences between experts and trainees in assessment of simulation were observed. Following use of the models, there was a significant increase in confidence scores matched by trainee (p < 0.001). Approximately 92.9% and 100% of trainees and experts were in favor of using the models for assessment and future training respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Our study demonstrates that the CMPT MK 2-Advanced models have high "face validity" and may be a valuable tool for surgical education. The use of these models should be explored for use in the curriculum at medical school.
St James's University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Mithun
M
Kailavasan
St James's University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Ahmad
A
Abdul-Rahman
Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Vishwanath
V
Hanchanale
Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom.
Sanjay
S
Rajpal
Huddersfield Royal Infirmary, Huddersfield, United Kingdom.
Karol
K
Rogawski
North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Trust, Stockton-on-Tees, United Kingdom.
Victor
V
Palit
Hull & East Yorkshire NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom.
Andy
A
Myatt
St James's University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Sunjay
S
Jain
St James's University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom. Electronic address: shekharbiyani@hotmail.com.
Chandra Shekhar
CS
Biyani
D002983:Clinical Competence; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D017145:Models, Educational; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods; D012611:Scrotum / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006113:United Kingdom
Interpersonal and Communication Skills; Medical Knowledge; Practice-Based Learning and Improvement; confidence levels; scrotal examination surgical education; scrotal models; urology; validation