Readiness of healthcare providers for eHealth: the case from primary healthcare centers in Lebanon.
eHealth can positively impact the efficiency and quality of healthcare services. Its potential benefits extend to the patient, healthcare provider, and organization. Primary healthcare (PHC) settings may particularly benefit from eHealth. In these settings, healthcare provider readiness is key to successful eHealth implementation. Accordingly, it is necessary to explore the potential readiness of providers to use eHealth tools. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the readiness of healthcare providers working in PHC centers in Lebanon to use eHealth tools.



A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess participants' socio-demographics, computer use, literacy, and access, and participants' readiness for eHealth implementation (appropriateness, management support, change efficacy, personal beneficence). The study included primary healthcare providers (physicians, nurses, other providers) working in 22 PHC centers distributed across Lebanon. Descriptive and bivariate analyses (ANOVA, independent t-test, Kruskal Wallis, Tamhane's T2) were used to compare participant characteristics to the level of readiness for the implementation of eHealth.



Of the 541 questionnaires, 213 were completed (response rate: 39.4 %). The majority of participants were physicians (46.9 %), and nurses (26.8 %). Most physicians (54.0 %), nurses (61.4 %), and other providers (50.9 %) felt comfortable using computers, and had access to computers at their PHC center (physicians: 77.0 %, nurses: 87.7 %, others: 92.5 %). Frequency of computer use varied. The study found a significant difference for personal beneficence, management support, and change efficacy among different healthcare providers, and relative to participants' level of comfort using computers. There was a significant difference by level of comfort using computers and appropriateness. A significant difference was also found between those with access to computers in relation to personal beneficence and change efficacy; and between frequency of computer use and change efficacy.



The implementation of eHealth cannot be achieved without the readiness of healthcare providers. This study demonstrates that the majority of healthcare providers at PHC centers across Lebanon are ready for eHealth implementation. The findings of this study can be considered by decision makers to enhance and scale-up the use of eHealth in PHC centers nationally. Efforts should be directed towards capacity building for healthcare providers.
Department of Health Management and Policy, American University of Beirut, Riad El Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Shadi
S
Saleh
Department of Health Management and Policy, American University of Beirut, Riad El Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Rawya
R
Khodor
Department of Health Management and Policy, American University of Beirut, Riad El Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Mohamad
M
Alameddine
Department of Health Management and Policy, American University of Beirut, Riad El Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon. myb07@mail.aub.edu.
Maysa
0000-0002-0227-1985
M
Baroud
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001292:Attitude to Computers; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007861:Lebanon; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009726:Nurses / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010820:Physicians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
Healthcare providers; Primary healthcare; Readiness assessment; eHealth; eHealth tools