Structural basis of phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosides biosynthesis in mycobacteria.
Phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosides (PIMs) are glycolipids of unique chemical structure found in the inner and outer membranes of the cell envelope of all Mycobacterium species. The PIM family of glycolipids comprises phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexamannosides with different degrees of acylation. PIMs are considered not only essential structural components of the cell envelope but also the precursors of lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan, two major lipoglycans implicated in host-pathogen interactions. Since the description of the complete chemical structure of PIMs, major efforts have been committed to defining the molecular bases of its biosynthetic pathway. The structural characterization of the integral membrane phosphatidyl-myo-inositol phosphate synthase (PIPS), and that of three enzymes working at the protein-membrane interface, the phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosyltransferases A and B, and the acyltransferase PatA, established the basis of the early steps of the PIM pathway at the molecular level. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Bacterial Lipids edited by Russell E. Bishop.
Unidad de Biofísica, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain.
Enea
E
Sancho-Vaello
Unidad de Biofísica, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain.
David
D
Albesa-Jové
Unidad de Biofísica, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain.
Ane
A
Rodrigo-Unzueta
Unidad de Biofísica, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain; Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain. Electronic address: mrcguerin@cicbiogune.es.
Marcelo E
ME
Guerin
D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008364:Mannosyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D017855:Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) / Q000378:metabolism
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; C034154:phosphatidylinositol mannoside; D000217:Acyltransferases; D016695:Glycosyltransferases; D008364:Mannosyltransferases; D017855:Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups)
Acyltransferase; Glycolipid; Glycosyltransferase; Mycobacteria; Phosphatidylinositol mannosides; Structural biology