Research Domain Criteria versus DSM V: How does this debate affect attempts to model corticostriatal dysfunction in animals?
For decades, the nosology of mental illness has been based largely upon the descriptions in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM). A recent challenge to the DSM approach to psychiatric nosology from the National Institute on Mental Health (USA) defines Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) as an alternative. For RDoC, psychiatric illnesses are not defined as discrete categories, but instead as specific behavioral dysfunctions irrespective of DSM diagnostic categories. This approach was driven by two primary weaknesses noted in the DSM: (1) the same symptoms occur in very different disease states; and (2) DSM criteria lack grounding in the underlying biological causes of mental illness. RDoC intends to ground psychiatric nosology in those underlying mechanisms. This review addresses the suitability of RDoC vs. DSM from the view of modeling mental illness in animals. A consideration of all types of psychiatric dysfunction is beyond the scope of this review, which will focus on models of conditions associated with frontostriatal dysfunction.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: jaredyoung@ucsd.edu.
Jared W
JW
Young
Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Catharine A
CA
Winstanley
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, St. Mary's College of Maryland, 18952 E. Fisher Rd., St. Mary's City, MD 20686, USA.
Anne Marie
AM
Brady
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 300 Arlington Ave., MS 1015, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
Frank Scott
FS
Hall
D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders; D008603:Mental Health
Animal model; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Bipolar disorder; DSM V; Dopamine transporter knockdown mouse; Dopamine transporter knockout mouse; Drug addiction; Neonatal ventral hippocampal lesion model; RDoC; Rodent gambling task; Schizophrenia