CoDuSe group exercise programme improves balance and reduces falls in people with multiple sclerosis: A multi-centre, randomized, controlled pilot study.
BACKGROUND
Imbalance leading to falls is common in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of a balance group exercise programme (CoDuSe) on balance and walking in PwMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale, 4.0-7.5).


METHODS
A multi-centre, randomized, controlled single-blinded pilot study with random allocation to early or late start of exercise, with the latter group serving as control group for the physical function measures. In total, 14 supervised 60-minute exercise sessions were delivered over 7 weeks. Pretest-posttest analyses were conducted for self-reported near falls and falls in the group starting late. Primary outcome was Berg Balance Scale (BBS). A total of 51 participants were initially enrolled; three were lost to follow-up.


RESULTS
Post-intervention, the exercise group showed statistically significant improvement ( p = 0.015) in BBS and borderline significant improvement in MS Walking Scale ( p = 0.051), both with large effect sizes (3.66; -2.89). No other significant differences were found between groups. In the group starting late, numbers of falls and near falls were statistically significantly reduced after exercise compared to before ( p < 0.001; p < 0.004).


CONCLUSIONS
This pilot study suggests that the CoDuSe exercise improved balance and reduced perceived walking limitations, compared to no exercise. The intervention reduced falls and near falls frequency.
University Healthcare Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden/Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
Anna
A
Carling
University Healthcare Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Anette
A
Forsberg
Department of Neurology, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Martin
M
Gunnarsson
University Healthcare Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Ylva
Y
Nilsagård
D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D004856:Postural Balance; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome
Accidental falls; core stability; exercise; multiple sclerosis; postural balance