Mannan- and xylooligosaccharides modulate caecal microbiota and expression of inflammatory-related cytokines and reduce caecal Salmonella Enteritidis colonisation in young chickens.
Salmonella Enteritidis is a pathogen, which can infect humans and chickens. This study was designed to address the impact of two potential prebiotics, mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) and xylooligosaccharides (XOS), on the caecal microbiota and expression of cytokines in chickens infected with S. Enteritidis. Newly hatched chicks were assigned to one of five groups: (1) uninfected control, (2) infected control, (3) infected + XOS, (4) infected + MOS and (5) infected + virginiamycin. The number of S. Enteritidis recovered from the caecum was significantly lower, by 1.6 log, in the MOS, and to a less extent (1.0 log) in the XOS-fed birds compared to the infected control. Coprococcus, Ruminococcus and Enterococcus genera were increased in response to MOS, whereas XOS enriched Clostridium, Lactobacillus and Roseburia MOS, but not XOS, lessened the increase of lipopolysaccharide-induced tumour necrosis factor alpha factor and interferon-γ in caecal tonsils after challenge. The canonical correspondence analysis for cytokine genes showed a correlation with the composition of the microbial community at the genus level. Thus, MOS and XOS differently changed the relative abundance of specific microbial genera and the immune response during infection, and these changes were correlated with their abilities to reduce S. Enteritidis colonisation.
Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-De-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
Mohsen
M
Pourabedin
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
Qiaoling
Q
Chen
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
MingMing
M
Yang
Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-De-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada xin.zhao@mcgill.ca.
Xin
X
Zhao
D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D002645:Chickens; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000378:metabolism*; D008351:Mannans / Q000378:metabolism; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D056692:Prebiotics; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D005965:Glucuronates; D008351:Mannans; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D056692:Prebiotics; C570991:xylooligosaccharide
Salmonella Enteritidis; chicken caecal microbiota; mannanoligosaccharides; virginiamycin; xylooligosaccharides