Process Variables and Design of Experiments in Liposome and Nanoliposome Research.
Liposomes vesicles consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers are microcarriers used in numerous scientific disciplines. During the last decade, nanostructured liposomes, or nanoliposomes, have been utilized in biomedical investigations due to their unique characteristics including nanoscale size, sustained release, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The extensive literature covering the field of liposomology is an indication of increasing interests and applications in many areas, especially as carriers of active substances in nanomedicine, agriculture, food technology, and cosmetics. Nanoliposomes application as drug carriers resulted in more effective treatment of such diseases as cancers, atherosclerosis, infectious diseases and ocular disorders. In this communication, we will introduce commonly used methods for the preparation of liposome, pointing the therapeutic report of liposomes, and explaining the common process variables in liposome encapsulations. We will also review different screening methods and full and fractional factorial designs that impact independent variables in certain applications and the end-user response. We will review such key factors as encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, particles' biologic, structural and physicochemical properties, and lipid composition in an effort to provide a comprehensive guide for liposomologists in different fields of interest.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Alaleh
A
Zoghi
Department of Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19395-4741, Tehran, Iran.
Kianoush
K
Khosravi-Darani
The Novel Drug and Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E2C6, Canada.
Abdelwahab
A
Omri
D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D050997:Nanomedicine; D010316:Particle Size; D012106:Research
D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes
Liposome; experimental design; nanoliposome; nanopartices; nanosciences; nanotechnology