Influence of alkaline hydrogen peroxide pre-hydrolysis on the isolation of microcrystalline cellulose from oil palm fronds.
In the present study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was isolated from oil palm fronds (OPF) using chemo-mechanical process. Wherein, alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) was utilized to extract OPF fibre at different AHP concentrations. The OPF pulp fibre was then bleached with acidified sodium chlorite solution followed by the acid hydrolysis using hydrochloric acid. Several analytical methods were conducted to determine the influence of AHP concentration on thermal properties, morphological properties, microscopic and crystalline behaviour of isolated MCC. Results showed that the MCC extracted from OPF fibres had fibre diameters of 7.55-9.11nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that the obtained microcrystalline fibre had both celluloses I and cellulose II polymorphs structure, depending on the AHP concentrations. The Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) analyses showed that the AHP pre-hydrolysis was successfully removed hemicelluloses and lignin from the OPF fibre. The crystallinity of the MCC was increased with the AHP concentrations. The degradation temperature of MCC was about 300°C. The finding of the present study showed that pre-treatment process potentially influenced the quality of the isolation of MCC from oil palm fronds.
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, Lagos, Nigeria.
Abdulwahab F
AF
Owolabi
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia. Electronic address: mhaafiz@usm.my.
M K Mohamad
MK
Haafiz
Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia.
Md Sohrab
MS
Hossain
Lignocellulosic & Materials Technology Research Group, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
M Hazwan
MH
Hussin
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
M R Nurul
MR
Fazita
D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry*
D002712:Chlorides; D002482:Cellulose; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C109691:microcrystalline cellulose; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid; C001599:chlorite
Alkaline hydrogen peroxide; Microcrystalline cellulose; Oil palm fronds