Cellulase from Trichoderma harzianum interacts with roots and triggers induced systemic resistance to foliar disease in maize.
Trichoderma harzianum is well known to exhibit induced systemic resistance (ISR) to Curvularia leaf spot. We previously reported that a C6 zinc finger protein (Thc6) is responsible for a major contribution to the ISR to the leaf disease, but the types of effectors and the signals mediated by Thc6 from Trichoderma are unclear. In this work, we demonstrated that two hydrolases, Thph1 and Thph2, from T. harzianum were regulated by Thc6. Furthermore, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) study revealed that Thc6 regulated mRNA expression by binding to GGCTAA and GGCTAAA in the promoters of the Thph1 and Thph2 genes, respectively. Moreover, the Thph1 and Thph2 proteins triggered the transient production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevated the free cytosolic calcium levels in maize leaf. Furthermore, the genes related to the jasmonate/ethylene signaling pathway were up-regulated in the wild-type maize strain. However, the ΔThph1- or ΔThph2-deletion mutants could not activate the immune defense-related genes in maize to protect against leaf disease. Therefore, we conclude that functional Thph1 and Thph2 may be required in T. harzianum to activate ISR in maize.
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Kandasamy
K
Saravanakumar
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Lili
L
Fan
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Kehe
K
Fu
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Chuanjin
C
Yu
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Meng
M
Wang
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Hai
H
Xia
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Jianan
J
Sun
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Yaqian
Y
Li
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Jie
J
Chen
D001665:Binding Sites; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D060467:Disease Resistance; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D004718:Saccharomycetales / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000201:enzymology*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology*
D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014157:Transcription Factors; D006867:Hydrolases; D002118:Calcium