title: Assessment of genetic diversity in IL-6 and RANTES promoters and their level in Saudi coronary artery disease patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study consisted of a total of 200 subjects (100 confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) patients), both men and women, and 100 healthy control individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum concentration of IL-6 and RANTES were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. For SNPs analysis, sanger method of DNA sequencing was followed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed variable numbers of SNP sites at -174 G/C, -572 G/C, and -597 G/A in IL-6 and -28 C/G and -109 C/T in RANTES promoters in CAD patients compared with control individuals. However, the observed changes in the number of SNPs were found to be non-significant compared with control individuals. The IL-6 level was found to be significantly (P<.001) elevated in CAD patients compared with control. Moreover, RANTES serum level did not show any significant change in CAD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on our result, it is quite clear that inflammation has a role in the pathogenesis of CAD but does not lead to significant changes at the genetic level in our population. As far as our knowledge goes, this is the first report that shows the genetic diversity in IL-6 and RANTES promoters and their respective levels in Saudi CAD patients.
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nasimudeen R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Jabir
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Chelapram K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Firoz
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ghazi A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Damanhouri
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Nabil
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Alama
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Anas S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Alzahrani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hussein A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Almehdar
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shams
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabrez
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000235:genetics*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012529:Saudi Arabia
chemical_list: C483024:CCL5 protein, human; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6
keywords: 
  ELISA
  ; 
  RANTES
  ; IL-6; coronary artery disease; polymorphism