title: Confirmation of Anopheles peditaeniatus and Anopheles sundaicus as Malaria Vectors (Diptera: Culicidae) in Sungai Nyamuk Village, Sebatik Island North Kalimantan, Indonesia Using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.
abstract: Anopheles mosquitoes may be incriminated as malaria vectors by observing sporozoites in their salivary glands and by testing heads or thoraces by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect Plasmodium species-specific circumsporozoite proteins (CSP). This study tested Anopheles collected in Sungai Nyamuk Village for the presence of both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax CSP. The Anopheles spp. were collected by human landing collection indoors and outdoors and by indoor and outdoor resting catches in Sungai Nyamuk Village, Nunukan District, North Kalimantan Province from August 2010 to January 2012. Overall, 5,100 Anopheles spp. comprising 11 species were collected and 2,259 adult parous females were tested by ELISA. Of these, only one Anopheles peditaeniatus Leicester (3.8%, n = 26) and one Anopheles sundaicus sensu lato (0.6%, n = 157) that originated from outdoor biting catches tested positive for P. falciparum CSP. The remaining females from indoor biting, outdoor resting, and indoor resting catches were negative for P. falciparum and P. vivax proteins. Confirmation of these vectors biting outdoors indicated that P. falciparum transmission may be occurring outside of houses by An. peditaeniatus and An. sundaicus.
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Student of Doctoral Program, Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Bogor Agricultural University, Dramaga-Bogor, Jl Agatis Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680 (ugik.ok@gmail.com).
authors.lastname: Sugiarto
authors.affiliation: Entomology Laboratory, Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Bogor Agricultural University, Dramaga-Bogor, Jl Agatis Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680 (upikke@gmail.com) upikke@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Upik
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kesumawati Hadi
authors.affiliation: Entomology Laboratory, Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Bogor Agricultural University, Dramaga-Bogor, Jl Agatis Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680 (upikke@gmail.com).
authors.forename: Susi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soviana
authors.affiliation: Master of Public Health Program, Directorate of Post Graduate, University Sari Mutiara - Medan, Jl Kapten Muslim No.79, Medan - North Sumatra.
authors.forename: Lukman
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hakim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology*; D001893:Borneo; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D000072138:Mosquito Vectors / Q000469:parasitology*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C041595:circumsporozoite protein, Protozoan
keywords: An. peditaeniatus; An. sundaicus; ELISA; outdoor biting; vector