title: Platelets are a possible regulator of human endometrial re-epithelialization during menstruation.
abstract: The human endometrium periodically breaks down and regenerates. As platelets have been reported to contribute to the tissue remodeling process, we examined the possible involvement of platelets in endometrial regeneration.
  
  
  
  The distribution of extravasating platelets throughout the menstrual cycle was immunohistochemically examined using human endometrial tissues. EM-E6/E7/hTERT cells, a human endometrial epithelial cell-derived immortalized cell line, were co-cultured with platelets, and the effects of platelets on the epithelialization response of EM-E6/E7/hTERT cells were investigated by attachment and permeability assays, immunohistochemical staining, and Western blot analysis.
  
  
  
  Immunohistochemical study showed numerous extravasated platelets in the subluminar stroma during the menstrual phase. The platelets promoted the cell-to-matrigel attachment of EM-E6/E7/hTERT cells concomitantly with the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. They also promoted cell-to-cell contact among EM-E6/E7/hTERT cells in parallel with E-cadherin expression.
  
  
  
  These results indicate the possible involvement of platelets in the endometrial epithelial re-epithelialization process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suginami
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiyasu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.|Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyo
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.|National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.|Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008598:Menstruation / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D062326:Re-Epithelialization / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
keywords: endometrial epithelium; menstruation; platelets; re-epithelialization; tissue remodeling