title: Anemia and Dental Caries in Pregnant Women: a Prospective Cohort Study.
abstract: The objective was to evaluate the effect of anemia during pregnancy on the risk of dental caries development in pregnant women. A prospective cohort including a sample of pregnant women in a prenatal care unit of São Luís, Brazil, was done. The incidence of dental caries during pregnancy, according to Nyvad's criteria, was the outcome. The main independent variables were serum iron, ferritin, hemoglobin, erythrocyte, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and red cell distribution width (RDW). Pregnant women (n = 121) were evaluated at two moments: up to 16th week of gestational age (T1) and in the last trimester of pregnancy (T2). Crude and adjusted associations were estimated by the incidence ratio risk (IRR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). After adjustment, higher serum concentrations of ferritin (IRR = 0.97, 95%CI 0.95-0.99) in T1, and Fe (IRR = 0.99, 95%CI 0.98-0.99), ferritin (IRR = 0.99, 95%CI 0.98-0.99), erythrocyte (IRR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.50-0.99), hemoglobin (IRR = 0.84, 95%CI 0.73-0.96), hematocrit (IRR = 0.93, 95%CI 0.88-0.98), MCV (IRR = 0.91, 95%CI 0.86-0.96), and MCH (IRR = 0.83, 95%CI 0.74-0.93) in T2, were associated with fewer incidence of dental caries in pregnant women. Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy is a risk factor for the incidence of dental caries in these women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, Rua Barão de Itapary, 155, Centro, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. elisamirandac@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Elisa Miranda
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana A P
authors.initials: JAP
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafiza F M
authors.initials: RFM
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia M C
authors.initials: CMC
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cecília C C
authors.initials: CCC
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erika B A F
authors.initials: EBAF
authors.lastname: Thomaz
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron
keywords: Anemia; Dental caries; Epidemiologic studies; Micronutrient deficiency; Pregnant women