title: Angioplasty and stenting for patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial.
abstract: Whether adding percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) to background medical treatment is effective for decreasing the incidence of stroke or death in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is still controversial. We perform a randomised controlled trial to examine the effectiveness and safety of an improved PTAS procedure for patients with ICAS.
  
  
  
  A randomised controlled trial will be conducted in three hospitals in China. Eligible patients with ICAS will be randomly assigned to receive medication treatment (MT) plus PTAS or MT alone. The MT will be initiated immediately after randomisation, while the PTAS will be performed when patients report relief of alarm symptoms defined as sudden weakness or numbness. All patients will be followed up at 30 days, 3 and 12 months after randomisation. The primary end point will be the incidence of stroke or death at 30 days after randomisation. Secondary outcomes will be the incidence of ischaemic stroke in the territory of stenosis arteries, the incidence of in-stent restenosis, the Chinese version of the modiﬁed Rankin Scale and the Chinese version of the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life (CSQoL).
  
  
  
  The study protocol is approved by institutional review boards in participating hospitals (reference number FZ20160003, 180PLA20160101 and 476PLA2016007). The results of this study will be disseminated to patients, physicians and policymakers through publication in a peer-reviewed journal or presentations in conferences. It is anticipated that the results of this study will improve the quality of the current PTAS procedure and guide clinical decision-making for patients with ICAS.
  
  
  
  NCT02689037.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, People's Liberation Army and Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, People's Liberation Army and Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, People's Liberation Army and Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Shan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, People's Liberation Army and Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 180th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Quanzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Qing
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 180th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Quanzhou, China.
authors.forename: Mao-Lin
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 476th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 476th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Yang
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 476th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Feng
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, People's Liberation Army and Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017130:Angioplasty; D002681:China; D000066491:Clinical Decision-Making; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002537:Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D015607:Stents; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: Angioplasty and Stenting; study protocol; symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis