title: The Association between Renal Hyperfiltration and the Sources of Habitual Protein Intake and Dietary Acid Load in a General Population with Preserved Renal Function: The KoGES Study.
abstract: Although the differential response of the kidney to the acute load of various sources of dietary protein in subjects with normal renal function is well known, the influence of habitual dietary protein intake and dietary acid load on renal function has not been tested well. The association between renal hyperfiltration (RHF), the earlier and possibly reversible stage of chronic kidney disease, and the sources of habitual dietary protein and dietary acid load was analyzed with the baseline data of 123,169 middle-aged healthy Koreans of a large prospective cohort study, who had a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 mL/min/m2 and no known history of diabetes and/or hypertension. eGFR was calculated with the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation using serum creatinine and RHF was defined as eGFR >95th percentile after adjustment for age, sex, height, and body weight. Dietary acid load was calculated with estimated net endogenous acid production (eNEAP). Although the level of habitual intake of animal protein was positively and vegetable protein was negatively associated with RHF, this association was significant only in women and younger participants (younger than sex-specific median age). The odds for RHF increased as the percentile rank of eNEAP increased until about the 50th percentile and then leveled off. The positive association between eNEAP and RHF was significant in both sexes and age groups. Dietary acid load was associated with RHF regardless of sex and age and rather than the amount of the total or the individual sources of habitual dietary protein, may be a better target for the dietary intervention of chronic kidney disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Rina
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2113-3887
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: So
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sihan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000517:prevention & control; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D003404:Creatinine