title: Validity of inner canthus temperature recorded by infrared thermography as a non-invasive surrogate measure for core temperature at rest, during exercise and recovery.
abstract: Research into obtaining a fast, valid, reliable and non-invasive measure of core temperature is of interest in many disciplinary fields. Occupational and sports medicine research has attempted to determine a non-invasive proxy for core temperature particularly when access to participants is limited and thermal safety is of a concern due to protective encapsulating clothing, hot ambient environments and/or high endogenous heat production during athletic competition. This investigation aimed to determine the validity of inner canthus of the eye temperature (TEC) as an alternate non-invasive measure of intestinal core temperature (TC) during rest, exercise and post-exercise conditions. Twelve physically active males rested for 30min prior to exercise, performed 60min of aerobic exercise at 60% V̇O2maxand passively recovered a further 60min post-exercise. TECand TCwere measured at 5min intervals during each condition. Mean differences between TECand TCwere 0.61°C during pre-exercise, -1.78°C during exercise and -1.00°C during post-exercise. The reliability between the methods was low in the pre-exercise (ICC=0.49 [-0.09 to 0.82]), exercise (ICC=-0.14 [-0.65 to 0.44]) and post-exercise (ICC=-0.25 [-0.70 to 0.35]) conditions. In conclusion, poor agreement was observed between the TECvalues measured through IRT and TCmeasured through a gastrointestinal telemetry pill. Therefore, TECis not a valid substitute measurement to gastrointestinal telemetry pill in sports and exercise science settings.
authors.affiliation: Federal Institute for Education, Sciences and Technology of Minas Gerais, Campus Ipatinga and Governador Valadares, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alex Andrade
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Federal Institute for Education, Sciences and Technology of Minas Gerais, Campus Ipatinga and Governador Valadares, Brazil. Electronic address: danilo.moreira@ifmg.edu.br.
authors.forename: Danilo Gomes
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ciro José
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiano Diniz
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sillero-Quintana
authors.affiliation: Medical and Physiology Department, Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Mendonça
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Pimenta
authors.affiliation: School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Aaron J E
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bach
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emerson Silami
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Human Performance Laboratory, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bouzas Marins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001831:Body Temperature; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007422:Intestines / Q000502:physiology; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013817:Thermography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Assessment; Body temperature; Thermal imaging; Thermometry; Thermoregulation