title: En-masse protraction of mandibular posterior teeth into missing mandibular lateral incisor spaces using a fixed functional appliance.
abstract: Protraction of mandibular posterior teeth requiring absolute anchorage has always been a challenge, especially when the space is located in the anterior region, since more teeth must be protracted. Traditionally, skeletal anchorage devices have been used for anchorage reinforcement during protraction. However, drawbacks such as requirement of a surgical step, inability to tolerate heavy forces, and patient willingness to undergo such surgical procedures can be limiting factors. Additionally, the mechanics involved can sometimes create undesirable side effects, thereby limiting their application in such situations. This report describes the use of a fixed functional appliance as an anchorage-reinforcement device for en-masse protraction of mandibular posterior teeth into a missing lateral incisor space.
authors.affiliation: Private practice, Norwalk, OH. Electronic address: adityachhibber14@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chhibber
authors.affiliation: Assistant professor, Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Conn.
authors.forename: Madhur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008334:Mandible; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*