title: Mechanism of Consistent Gyrus Formation: an Experimental and Computational Study.
abstract: As a significant type of cerebral cortical convolution pattern, the gyrus is widely preserved across species. Although many hypotheses have been proposed to study the underlying mechanisms of gyrus formation, it is currently still far from clear which factors contribute to the regulation of consistent gyrus formation. In this paper, we employ a joint analysis scheme of experimental data and computational modeling to investigate the fundamental mechanism of gyrus formation. Experimental data on mature human brains and fetal brains show that thicker cortices are consistently found in gyral regions and gyral cortices have higher growth rates. We hypothesize that gyral convolution patterns might stem from heterogeneous regional growth in the cortex. Our computational simulations show that gyral convex patterns may occur in locations where the cortical plate grows faster than the cortex of the brain. Global differential growth can only produce a random gyrification pattern, but it cannot guarantee gyrus formation at certain locations. Based on extensive computational modeling and simulations, it is suggested that a special area in the cerebral cortex with a relatively faster growth speed could consistently engender gyri.
authors.affiliation: Brain Decoding Research Center and School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, China.|Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Tuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Mir Jalil
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Razavi
authors.affiliation: Brain Decoding Research Center and School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Hanbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Tianming
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Xianqiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000196:embryology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D063132:Connectome; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological