title: Multi-alternative decision-making with non-stationary inputs.
abstract: One of the most widely implemented models for multi-alternative decision-making is the multihypothesis sequential probability ratio test (MSPRT). It is asymptotically optimal, straightforward to implement, and has found application in modelling biological decision-making. However, the MSPRT is limited in application to discrete ('trial-based'), non-time-varying scenarios. By contrast, real world situations will be continuous and entail stimulus non-stationarity. In these circumstances, decision-making mechanisms (like the MSPRT) which work by accumulating evidence, must be able to discard outdated evidence which becomes progressively irrelevant. To address this issue, we introduce a new decision mechanism by augmenting the MSPRT with a rectangular integration window and a transparent decision boundary. This allows selection and de-selection of options as their evidence changes dynamically. Performance was enhanced by adapting the window size to problem difficulty. Further, we present an alternative windowing method which exponentially decays evidence and does not significantly degrade performance, while greatly reducing the memory resources necessary. The methods presented have proven successful at allowing for the MSPRT algorithm to function in a non-stationary environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology , University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TP, UK.
authors.forename: Luana F
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5763-3755
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology , University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TP, UK.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gurney
keywords: MSPRT; basal ganglia; decision-making; multi-alternative; non-stationary