title: Mortality among elder abuse victims in rural Malaysia: A two-year population-based descriptive study.
abstract: Our study aims at describing mortality among reported elder abuse experiences in rural Malaysia. This is a population-based cohort study with a multistage cluster sampling method. Older adults in Kuala Pilah (n = 1,927) were interviewed from November 2013 to May 2014. Mortality was traced after 2 years using the National Registration Department database. Overall, 139 (7.2%) respondents died. Fifteen (9.6%) abuse victims died compared to 124 (7.0%) not abused. Mortality was highest with financial abuse (13%), followed by psychological abuse (10.8%). There was a dose-response relationship between mortality and clustering of abuse: 7%, 7.7%, and 14.0% for no abuse, one type, and two types or more, respectively. Among abuse victims, 40% of deaths had ill-defined causes, 33% were respiratory-related, and 27% had cardiovascular and metabolic origin. Results suggest a link between abuse and mortality. Death proportions varied according to abuse subtypes and gender.
authors.affiliation: a Julius Centre University of Malaya (JCUM), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Raudah Mohd
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Yunus
authors.affiliation: a Julius Centre University of Malaya (JCUM), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Noran Naqiah
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Hairi
authors.affiliation: a Julius Centre University of Malaya (JCUM), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Wan Yuen
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.affiliation: a Julius Centre University of Malaya (JCUM), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Farizah Mohd
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Hairi
authors.affiliation: a Julius Centre University of Malaya (JCUM), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rajini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sooryanarayana
authors.affiliation: b Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS) , Seremban , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sharifah Nor
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: b Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS) , Seremban , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Inayah
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abdul Razak
authors.affiliation: a Julius Centre University of Malaya (JCUM), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Devi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peramalah
authors.affiliation: b Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS) , Seremban , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Suriyati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdul Aziz
authors.affiliation: b Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS) , Seremban , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Zaiton Lal
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.affiliation: b Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS) , Seremban , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rosmala
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mohamad
authors.affiliation: b Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS) , Seremban , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Zainudin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mohd Ali
authors.affiliation: a Julius Centre University of Malaya (JCUM), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Awang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bulgiba
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004552:Elder Abuse / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012424:Rural Population
keywords: Abuse outcome; Malaysia; descriptive study; effects of elder abuse; elder mistreatment; exploratory; family violence; mortality