title: Strongyloides hyperinfection following hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a patient with HTLV-1-associated T-cell leukemia.
abstract: Strongyloides stercoralis has the potential to cause accelerated autoinfection in immunocompromised hosts. Screening tests for strongyloidiasis may be falsely negative in the setting of immunosuppression. We report a case of Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome in a patient with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated T-cell leukemia early after hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The diagnosis was made by stool ova and parasite examination, despite a negative screening enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Because of anticipated prolonged neutropenia, an extended course of treatment was utilized.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Disease & International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Alpern
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Sophie S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Arbefeville
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vercellotti
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.|Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferrieri
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Disease & International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Jaime S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D017171:Strongyloides stercoralis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013322:Strongyloidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents
keywords: HTLV-1; Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome; human T-lymphotropic virus type 1; strongyloidiasis