title: Population prevalence of edentulism and its association with depression and self-rated health.
abstract: Edentulism is associated with various adverse health outcomes but treatment options in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited. Data on its prevalence and its effect on mental health and overall-health is lacking, especially from LMICs. Self-reported data on complete edentulism obtained by standardized questionnaires on 201,953 adults aged ≥18 years from 50 countries which participated in the World Health Survey (WHS) 2002-2004 were analyzed. Age and sex-standarized edentulism prevalence ranged from 0.1% (95% CI = 0.0-0.3) (Myanmar) to 14.5% (95% CI = 13.1-15.9) (Zimbabwe), and 2.1% (95% CI = 1.5-3.0) (Ghana) to 32.3% (95% CI = 29.0-35.8) (Brazil) in the younger and older age groups respectively. Edentulism was significantly associated with depression (OR 1.57, 95% CI = 1.23-2.00) and poor self-rated health (OR 1.38, 95% CI = 1.03-1.83) in the younger group with no significant associations in the older age group. Our findings highlight the edentulism-related health loss in younger persons from LMICs. The relative burden of edentulism is likely to grow as populations age and live longer. Given its life-long nature and common risk factors with other NCDs, edentulism surveillance and prevention should be an integral part of the global agenda of NCD control.
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona. Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain.|Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Stefanos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tyrovolas
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona. Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain.|Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Demosthenes B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Panagiotakos
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona. Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain.|Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haro
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation &Department of Anesthesiology &Pain Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Kassebaum
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chrepa
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Georgios A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kotsakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report