title: Extracorporeal Gas Exchange: The Expanding Role of Extracorporeal Support in Respiratory Failure.
abstract: The use of extracorporeal support is expanding quickly in adult respiratory failure. Extracorporeal gas exchange is an accepted rescue therapy for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in select patients. Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal is also being investigated as a preventative, preemptive, and management platform in patients with respiratory failure other than severe ARDS. The non-ARDS patient population is much larger, so the potential for rapid growth is high. This article hopes to inform decisions about the use of extracorporeal support by increasing understanding concerning the past and present practice of extracorporeal gas exchange.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Walter Reed National Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, 4103 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Nikunj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, 4103 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Pulmonary Critical Care Sleep Medicine, Ft Belvoir Community Hospital, 9300 Dewitt Loop, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060, USA; Medical Corps, United States Army, Fort Belvoir, VA, USA. Electronic address: eeosborn@aim.com.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Osborn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal; Extracorporeal gas exchange; Extracorporeal life support; Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); Mechanical ventilation; Respiratory failure