title: Cognitive function and its relationship to other psychosocial factors in lymphoma survivors.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cognitive disturbance in lymphoma survivors and to explore relationships between cognitive function and other psychosocial factors.
  
  
  
  A package of standardized questionnaires was sent to 622 lymphoma patients treated at the Ottawa Hospital in the preceding 5 years. Patients with central nervous system involvement were excluded. The questionnaires addressed cognitive function, pain, insomnia, fatigue, and mood. Of the patients in the sampling frame, 54 % responded to the survey and 42 % met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Sixteen percent (99/622) agreed to undergo computerized neuropsychological testing with CNS vital signs (CNSVS). Scores on the objective and subjective cognitive measures were compared to those of a healthy female control group from a previous study.
  
  
  
  The lymphoma group scored significantly lower than the controls on a cognitive rating scale (p = .018) and on CNSVS (p = .035). The difference on the CNSVS was primarily due to poorer attention and executive function scores in the lymphoma patients. The patients also had a higher frequency of impairment on both the objective (p = .009) and subjective (p < .001) cognitive measures. Among the lymphoma survivors, fatigue and anxiety were related to subjective cognitive disturbance (p < .001 for both), whereas pain was the only psychosocial measure associated with objective cognitive performance (p < .001).
  
  
  
  These results suggest that cognitive disturbance may be a significant survivorship issue for lymphoma patients and should be more thoroughly investigated in this population.
authors.affiliation: The Ottawa Hospital-Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Ave, Room CPC271, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.|The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Dorothy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krolak
authors.affiliation: The Ottawa Hospital-Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Ave, Room CPC271, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada. bcollins@ottawahospital.on.ca.|The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. bcollins@ottawahospital.on.ca.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: The Ottawa Hospital-Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Ave, Room CPC271, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.|The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Lorelle
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: The Ottawa Hospital-Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Ave, Room CPC271, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.|The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: The Ottawa Hospital-Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Ave, Room CPC271, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.|The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.|University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van der Jagt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D056344:Executive Function; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Fatigue; Lymphoma; Mood; Neuropsychological performance; Subjective cognitive function; Survey