title: Printed optics: phantoms for quantitative deep tissue fluorescence imaging.
abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing allows for complex or physiologically realistic phantoms, useful, for example, in developing biomedical imaging methods and for calibrating measured data. However, available 3D printing materials provide a limited range of static optical properties. We overcome this limitation with a new method using stereolithography that allows tuning of the printed phantom's optical properties to match that of target tissues, accomplished by printing a mixture of polystyrene microspheres and clear photopolymer resin. We show that Mie theory can be used to design the optical properties, and demonstrate the method by fabricating a mouse phantom and imaging it using fluorescence optical diffusion tomography.
authors.forename: Brian Z
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Bentz
authors.forename: Anna G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: Dergan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ysselstein
authors.forename: Davin H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Huston
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rochet
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Webb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D004867:Equipment Design; D005453:Fluorescence; D051379:Mice; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional