title: Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Expression in Anal Cancer.
abstract: To evaluate the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in anal cancer.
  
  
  
  In a retrospective cohort analysis, subjects with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal were tested for PD-L1 expression, then followed for recurrence and survival. Crude recurrence rates (CRRs), crude mortality rates (CMRs), and crude event rates (CERs) were assessed for PD-L1-dependent differences using Poisson regression. All 3 types of crude rate were expressed as the number that occurred per hundred person-years (hPY) of follow-up.
  
  
  
  Samples from 41 subjects were evaluated for PD-L1 expression; 23 (56%) were positive. Subjects with PD-L1-expressing versus PD-L1-negative tumors respectively had CRRs of 30.8 versus 12.1 recurrences/hPY (P=0.082), CMRs of 16.7 versus 12.0 deaths/hPY (P=0.47), and CERs of 39.2 versus 16.9 events/hPY (P=0.069).
  
  
  
  PD-L1 positivity was associated with worse CRR and CER, and marginally worse CMR. The effect on progression-free and overall survival needs to be validated in a study with a larger sample size.
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors.forename: Rangaswamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Govindarajan
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors.forename: Swetha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gujja
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.affiliation: Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
authors.forename: Anwaar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors.forename: Jennifer D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Fogel
authors.affiliation: Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Williamson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C423236:CD274 protein, human