title: An archaeal ADP-dependent serine kinase involved in cysteine biosynthesis and serine metabolism.
abstract: Routes for cysteine biosynthesis are still unknown in many archaea. Here we find that the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis generates cysteine from serine via O-phosphoserine, in addition to the classical route from 3-phosphoglycerate. The protein responsible for serine phosphorylation is encoded by TK0378, annotated as a chromosome partitioning protein ParB. The TK0378 protein utilizes ADP as the phosphate donor, but in contrast to previously reported ADP-dependent kinases, recognizes a non-sugar substrate. Activity is specific towards free serine, and not observed with threonine, homoserine and serine residues within a peptide. Genetic analyses suggest that TK0378 is involved in serine assimilation and clearly responsible for cysteine biosynthesis from serine. TK0378 homologs, present in Thermococcales and Desulfurococcales, are most likely not ParB proteins and constitute a group of kinases involved in serine utilization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.affiliation: Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.|JST, CREST, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.|JST, CREST, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Hachisuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takeno
authors.affiliation: JST, CREST, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan.|Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.|JST, CREST, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Atomi
mesh_terms: D019843:Archaeal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019848:Gene Expression Regulation, Archaeal / Q000502:physiology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology; D005998:Glycine; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism*; D019712:Thermococcus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013912:Threonine
chemical_list: D019843:Archaeal Proteins; D013912:Threonine; D012694:Serine; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D003545:Cysteine; D005998:Glycine