title: Proteomic analysis and translational perspective of hepatocellular carcinoma: Identification of diagnostic protein biomarkers by an onco-proteogenomics approach.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been ranked as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Typically, patients are already in advanced stages of liver cirrhosis at the time of HCC diagnosis. Because HCC is often detected at a late stage and is highly aggressive, noninvasive biomarkers are urgently needed for early diagnosis. Recent advances in gene-expression profiling technologies have enabled molecular classification of HCC into defined subclasses that provide a firm basis for further study of potential mechanisms and biomarkers underlying the development of HCC. This study applied an integrated onco-proteogenomics approach to identify and characterize HCC biomarkers. Specifically, this study integrated proteomic, genomic, and transcriptomic methods to obtain protein expression profiles of urine and tissue samples from HCC patients and from normal controls. Two mediators of inflammation were positively identified: S100A9 and granulin protein markers, which belong to the cytoplasmic alarmin family of the host innate immune system. These HCC-associated cancer-specific biomarkers may have contributing roles not only in the dysregulated processes associated with various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, but also in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Quantitative Proteomics Center and Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shyh-Horng
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address: ktlee@kmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: King-Teh
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D000071696:Proteogenomics / Q000379:methods*; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Onco-proteogenomics; Proteogenomics; Urine proteomics