title: Type III Polyketide Synthases: Functional Classification and Phylogenomics.
abstract: Polyketide synthases (PKSs) catalyze the sequential condensation of simple acetate units to produce a large class of natural products, including pharmacologically valuable compounds. PKSs are classified into three types on the basis of their domain structures; type III PKSs have the simplest domain structure, although their products have various structures and functions. The sequence-function relationship is fundamental for predicting enzyme functions, but it has not been well investigated in type III PKSs to date. Consequently, the current methods for predicting type III PKS functions are still immature in comparison with those that target type I/II PKSs. In this review we summarize the current functional and phylogenomic knowledge about type III PKSs and propose a new classification of their enzymatic reactions. We also discuss possible directions for the development of better computational tools for functional prediction of type III PKS homologues.
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Yugo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3647-7973
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-377X
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-8486
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology; D005658:Fungi / Q000201:enzymology; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology; D048630:Polyketide Synthases / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D048630:Polyketide Synthases
keywords: biosynthesis; enzyme reaction classification; genome mining; phylogenomic distribution; polyketides