title: Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis of Bombella intestini LMG 28161T, a Novel Acetic Acid Bacterium Isolated from the Crop of a Red-Tailed Bumble Bee, Bombus lapidarius.
abstract: The whole-genome sequence of Bombella intestini LMG 28161T, an endosymbiotic acetic acid bacterium (AAB) occurring in bumble bees, was determined to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying its metabolic capabilities. The draft genome sequence of B. intestini LMG 28161T was 2.02 Mb. Metabolic carbohydrate pathways were in agreement with the metabolite analyses of fermentation experiments and revealed its oxidative capacity towards sucrose, D-glucose, D-fructose and D-mannitol, but not ethanol and glycerol. The results of the fermentation experiments also demonstrated that the lack of effective aeration in small-scale carbohydrate consumption experiments may be responsible for the lack of reproducibility of such results in taxonomic studies of AAB. Finally, compared to the genome sequences of its nearest phylogenetic neighbor and of three other insect associated AAB strains, the B. intestini LMG 28161T genome lost 69 orthologs and included 89 unique genes. Although many of the latter were hypothetical they also included several type IV secretion system proteins, amino acid transporter/permeases and membrane proteins which might play a role in the interaction with the bumble bee host.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Leilei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Koen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Illeghems
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Kerrebroeck
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Borremans
authors.affiliation: BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cleenwerck
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smagghe
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Vuyst
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-7937
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vandamme
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001516:Bees / Q000382:microbiology*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004579:Electron Transport; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005947:Glucose; D019342:Acetic Acid