title: Review of visual odometry: types, approaches, challenges, and applications.
abstract: Accurate localization of a vehicle is a fundamental challenge and one of the most important tasks of mobile robots. For autonomous navigation, motion tracking, and obstacle detection and avoidance, a robot must maintain knowledge of its position over time. Vision-based odometry is a robust technique utilized for this purpose. It allows a vehicle to localize itself robustly by using only a stream of images captured by a camera attached to the vehicle. This paper presents a review of state-of-the-art visual odometry (VO) and its types, approaches, applications, and challenges. VO is compared with the most common localization sensors and techniques, such as inertial navigation systems, global positioning systems, and laser sensors. Several areas for future research are also highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine.
authors.forename: Mohammad O A
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Aqel
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Marhaban
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
authors.forename: M Iqbal
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Saripan
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
authors.forename: Napsiah Bt
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Ismail
keywords: Global positioning system; Image stream; Inertial navigation system; Localization sensors; Visual odometry