title: Aqueous Leaf Extract ofJatropha mollissima(Pohl) Bail Decreases Local Effects Induced by Bothropic Venom.
abstract: Snakebites are a serious worldwide public health problem. In Brazil, about 90% of accidents are attributed to snakes from theBothropsgenus. The specific treatment consists of antivenom serum therapy, which has some limitations such as inability to neutralize local effects, difficult access in some regions, risk of immunological reactions, and high cost. Thus, the search for alternative therapies to treat snakebites is relevant.Jatropha mollissima(Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal plant popularly used in folk medicine as an antiophidic remedy. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of the aqueous leaf extract fromJ. mollissimaon local effects induced byBothropsvenoms. High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection analysis and Mass Spectrometry analysis of aqueous leaf extract confirmed the presence of the flavonoids isoschaftoside, schaftoside, isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, and isovitexin. This extract, at 50-200 mg/kg doses administered by intraperitoneal route, showed significant inhibitory potential against local effects induced byBothrops erythromelasandBothrops jararacasnake venoms. Local skin hemorrhage, local edema, leukocyte migration, and myotoxicity were significantly inhibited by the extract. These results demonstrate thatJ. mollissimaextract possesses inhibitory potential, especially against bothropic venoms, suggesting its potential as an adjuvant in treatment of snakebites.
authors.affiliation: TECBIOFAR, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jacyra Antunes Dos Santos
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: TECBIOFAR, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3131-9025
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Félix-Silva
authors.affiliation: PNBIO, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Júlia
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9769-5352
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morais Fernandes
authors.affiliation: NPPNS, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Federal University of Bahia, Multidisciplinary Institute in Health, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliano
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geraldo Amaral
authors.affiliation: NPPNS, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Norberto Peporine
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: LASID, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eryvaldo Sócrates
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Tabosa do Egito
authors.affiliation: TECBIOFAR, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arnóbio Antônio
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: da Silva-Júnior
authors.affiliation: PNBIO, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maria Zucolotto
authors.affiliation: TECBIOFAR, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus de Freitas
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4221-9580
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Fernandes-Pedrosa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000997:Antivenins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017837:Bothrops; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000506:poisoning*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019665:Euphorbiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D012909:Snake Bites / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000997:Antivenins; D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water