title: Endourologic and Open Ureterolithotomy and Common Sheath Reimplant for Large Bladder and Distal Ureteral Calculi.
abstract: A twenty-eight-year-old female with a history of suprapubic pain and recurrent urinary tract infections presents for urology referral with a kidney, ureter, and bladder radiograph showing a 4.4 cm bladder calculus and 6.5 cm distal left ureteral stone. She underwent effective cystolitholapaxy of the bladder stone. Endourologic attempt (left ureteroscopy) was unsuccessful because of ureteral stone burden. Findings at ureteroscopy revealed a duplicated system on the left with the lower pole moiety joining just proximal to the ureteral orifice. The stone was found to be in the upper pole moiety ureter. An open ureterolithotomy was performed with intraoperative ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy and common sheath ureteral reimplant. Furthermore, a previously placed stent was found to be encrusted at the time of the ureterolithotomy. Effective ureteroscopy and lasering were performed through the ureterotomy up to the renal pelvis of the upper pole ureter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Madeline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cancian
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Renzulli
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Gyan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pareek
keywords: duplicate ureter; lithotripsy; ureteroscopy; urolithiasis