title: Cohesin acetylation and Wapl-Pds5 oppositely regulate translocation of cohesin along DNA.
abstract: Cohesin is a ring-shaped protein complex that plays a crucial role in sister chromatid cohesion and gene expression. The dynamic association of cohesin with chromatin is essential for these functions. However, the exact nature of cohesin dynamics, particularly cohesin translocation, remains unclear. We evaluated the dynamics of individual cohesin molecules on DNA and found that the cohesin core complex possesses an intrinsic ability to traverse DNA in an adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)-dependent manner. Translocation ability is suppressed in the presence of Wapl-Pds5 and Sororin; this suppression is alleviated by the acetylation of cohesin and the action of mitotic kinases. In Xenopus laevis egg extracts, cohesin is translocated on unreplicated DNA in an ATPase- and Smc3 acetylation-dependent manner. Cohesin movement changes from bidirectional to unidirectional when cohesin faces DNA replication; otherwise, it is incorporated into replicating DNA without being translocated or is dissociated from replicating DNA This study provides insight into the nature of individual cohesin dynamics and the mechanisms by which cohesin achieves cohesion in different chromatin contexts.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanke
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tahara
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Pim J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Huis In't Veld
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan nishiyama@bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8349-6536
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D009068:Movement; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014982:Xenopus laevis; D000097722:Cohesins
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004247:DNA; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D000097722:Cohesins; C000621055:PDS5 protein, Xenopus; C000621054:WAPL protein, Xenopus; C500694:sororin, Xenopus
keywords: DNA replication; chromosome segregation; cohesin; post‐translational modification; single‐molecule TIRF microscopy