title: Impact of therapeutic and high doses of florfenicol on kidney and liver functional indicators in goat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of therapeutic and high doses of florfenicol on kidney and liver functional indicators in goat species.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six mature, healthy goats (combine breed and sex) with average weight 25 kg were selected for this study. The therapeutic (20 mg/kg b.w.) and high doses (40 and 60 mg) of florfenicol were administered for 3 days with 24 h interval. Blood samples were collected at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h following the each administered dose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the therapeutic dose of florfenicol produced nonsignificant effect on serum urea, creatinine, total protein (TP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and bilirubin on all timings, and increased (p<0.05) the serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) levels for 48 h. Whereas the high doses of florfenicol (40 and 60 mg) significantly altered the kidney and liver functional indicators in the blood. In contrast with control, the serum urea level was (p<0.01) increased at all timing points. Creatinine values were altered (p<0.01, <0.05) in increasing manner from 24 to 96 h. The high dose of 40 mg decreased the TP (p<0.05) for 72 h and 60 mg persisted same effect (p<0.01) up to 120 h. The indices of ALP, GGT, SGOT, and SGPT were raised (p<0.01, <0.05) at all timings. The bilirubin indexes also (p<0.05) elevated from 48 to 72.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that the high doses of florfenicol produced reversible dose-dependent effects on functional indicators of kidney and liver such as urea, creatinine, TP, ALP, SGOT, SGPT, GGT, and bilirubin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Jan Muhammad
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Toufique Ahmed
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Dairy Technology, Baqai College of Veterinary Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Tahmina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal 3800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Qurban Ali
authors.initials: QA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal 3800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Asif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arain
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal 3800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zohaib Ahmed
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Bhutto
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sind Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Farman Ali
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Siyal
keywords: blood chemistry; florfenicol; goat; liver and kidney function tests; therapeutic and high doses