title: Mental Health Status of Double Minority Adolescents: Findings from National Cross-Sectional Health Surveys.
abstract: Little population-based work has been published about the mental health of adolescents with both sexual/gender (SG) and ethnic minority (i.e. double minority) status. This study aimed to provide an overview on their mental health. Analysis of data from a total of 17,607 high school students from New Zealand's 2007 and 2012 cross-sectional nationally representative Adolescent Health Surveys, including a total of 1306 (7.4%) SG minority participants, of whom 581 (3.3%) were also an ethnic minority. SG minority status, minority ethnicity, and female sex were associated with higher mental distress and poorer well-being. Generally speaking, double minority students reported poorer mental health than SG majority students of the same ethnicity, but reported better mental health than SG minority New Zealand European students. Explanations and future directions for research were suggested to further explore how double minority students negotiate mental health in the context of their communities/cultures in New Zealand.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. schi768@aucklanduni.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Szu-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.|Department of Health and Social Care, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.
authors.forename: Mathijs
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucassen
authors.affiliation: Department of Counselling, Human Services and Social Work, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fenaughty
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Terryann
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Denny
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000523:psychology*; D009520:New Zealand; D017678:Sex Distribution; D000072339:Sexual and Gender Minorities / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Ethnic minority; Intersectionality; LGBT; Mental health; Youth/adolescence