title: Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vascular function in patients with chronic kidney disease and healthy subjects: a cross-sectional and comparative study.
abstract: Patients with chronic kidney disease have a markedly increased cardiovascular mortality compared with the general population. Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been suggested to possess cardioprotective properties. This cross-sectional and comparative study evaluated correlations between hemodynamic measurements, resistance artery function and fish consumption to the content of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in adipose tissue, a long-term marker of seafood intake.
  
  
  
  Seventeen patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 + 5d and 27 healthy kidney donors were evaluated with hemodynamic measurements before surgery; from these subjects, 11 patients and 11 healthy subjects had vasodilator properties of subcutaneous resistance arteries examined. The measurements were correlated to adipose tissue n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Information on fish intake was obtained from a dietary questionnaire and compared with adipose tissue n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
  
  
  
  Fish intake and the content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in adipose tissue did not differ between patients and controls. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in adipose tissue were positively correlated to systemic vascular resistance index; (r = 0.44; p = 0.07 and r = 0.62; p < 0.05, chronic kidney disease and healthy subjects respectively) and negatively correlated to cardiac output index (r = -0.69; p < 0.01 and r = -0.50; p < 0.05, chronic kidney disease and healthy subjects respectively). No correlation was observed between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in adipose tissue and vasodilator properties in resistance arteries. n-3 PUFA content in adipose tissue increased with increasing self-reported fish intake.
  
  
  
  The correlations found, suggest a role for n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in hemodynamic properties. However, this is apparently not due to changes in intrinsic properties of the resistance arteries as no correlation was found to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. mortborg@rm.dk.|Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, build. 2A, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. mortborg@rm.dk.|Department of Internal Medicine, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark. mortborg@rm.dk.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borg
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
authors.forename: My
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Johan V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Povlsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Erik B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aalkjær
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jeppe H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ivarsen
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology; D002302:Cardiac Output; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015930:Diet Records; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017747:Seafood; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D014664:Vasodilation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Hemodynamic; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Resistance artery