title: Treatment with Twin-block appliance followed by fixed appliance therapy in a growing Class II patient.
abstract: A girl, aged 11 years 4 months, with a skeletal Class II pattern and a severe overjet (10 mm) was treated with a Twin-block appliance. After 9 months of appliance therapy, the skeletal Class II was overcorrected. After 26 months of retention, when the occlusion was stable and the growth rate was diminishing, fixed orthodontic appliances using temporary skeletal anchorage devices were initiated. The total active treatment time with fixed orthodontic appliances was 30 months. Posttreatment records after 18 months demonstrated excellent stability: a functional occlusion and a pleasing facial balance. Cone-beam computed tomography was used to visualize temporomandibular joint adaptations after the functional and fixed orthodontic therapies.
authors.affiliation: Instructor, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Hospital, School of Dentistry, University of Wonkwang, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Keun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Professor and chair, Postgraduate Orthodontic Program, Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A. T. Still University, Mesa, Ariz; adjunct professor, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Visiting adjunct professor, Postgraduate Orthodontic Program, Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A. T. Still University, Mesa, Ariz; private practice, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang Dental Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea; visiting scholar, Postgraduate Orthodontic Program, Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A. T. Still University, Mesa, Ariz; instructor, Korean Orthodontic Research Institute, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: jongmoon@wonkwang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jong-Moon
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chae
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy