title: Atropine and glycopyrrolate do not support bacterial growth-safety and economic considerations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of bacterial growth in atropine and glycopyrrolate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard microbiological methods were used to evaluate the impact of atropine and glycopyrrolate on the growth of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Bacterial count was checked at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 24 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Atropine or glycopyrrolate did not support the growth of the above bacteria at any examined time at room temperature. Glycopyrrolate killed all of the examined strains (P < .05), whereas in atropine, only the clinical isolates of Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter were killed (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drawing up atropine or glycopyrrolate at the beginning of the operating list and use within 24 hours if needed are a safe practice and do not pose infection hazard. We can also reduce hospital costs if we do not throw away these unused syringes following each case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, Szigeti u. 12. H-7624. Electronic address: bittzes@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Balazs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ittzes
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, Rakoczi u. 2. H-7623. Electronic address: wdr@mailbox.hu.
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Weiling
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, Szigeti u. 12. H-7624. Electronic address: istvanzbatai@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Istvan Zoard
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Batai
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, Szigeti u. 12. H-7624. Electronic address: kerenyim@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kerenyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, Rakoczi u. 2. H-7623. Electronic address: ibatai@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Istvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Batai
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000494:pharmacology; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects*; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006024:Glycopyrrolate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D001285:Atropine; D006024:Glycopyrrolate
keywords: Atropine; Bactericidal; Glycopyrrolate; Hospital finance