title: Panaxatriol derived from ginseng augments resistance exercised-induced protein synthesis via mTORC1 signaling in rat skeletal muscle.
abstract: Resistance exercise activates muscle protein synthesis via the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway and subsequent muscle hypertrophy. Upstream components of the mTORC1 pathway are widely known to be involved in Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling. Previous studies have shown that ginseng stimulated Akt and ERK1/2 signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized that panaxatriol (PT) derived from ginseng triggers mTORC1 signaling and muscle protein synthesis by activating both the Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, and that PT additively stimulates muscle protein synthesis when combined with resistance exercise. The study included male Sprague-Dawley rats. The legs of the rats were divided into control, PT-only, exercise-only, and exercise + PT groups. The right legs were subjected to isometric resistance exercise using percutaneous electrical stimulation, whereas the left legs were used as controls. PT (0.2 g/kg) was administered immediately after exercise. The Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels were significantly higher in the exercise + PT group than in the exercise-only group 0.5 hour after exercise. The phosphorylation of p70S6K was significantly increased at both 0.5 and 3 hours after exercise, and it was higher in the exercise + PT group than in the exercise-only group at both 0.5 and 3 hours after exercise. Muscle protein synthesis was significantly increased 3 hours after exercise, and it was higher in the exercise + PT group than in the exercise-only group 3 hours after exercise. Our results suggest that PT derived from ginseng enhances resistance exercise-induced protein synthesis via mTORC1 signaling in rat skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa 256-0811, Japan; Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takamura
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Makanae
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ato
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshii
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa 256-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa 256-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Naruhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shiozawa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan. Electronic address: safujita@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D028321:Plant Preparations; C004563:panaxatriol; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; C535150:MAPK1 protein, human; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1
keywords: Ginseng; Intracellular signaling; Rat; Resistance exercise; Skeletal muscle