title: Developmental Toxicity of Carbon Quantum Dots to the Embryos/Larvae of Rare Minnow (Gobiocypris rarus).
abstract: The toxic effects of CDs on rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) embryos at different developmental stages were investigated. The results showed that rare minnow embryos had decreased spontaneous movements, body length, increased heart rate, pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, tail/spinal curvature, various morphological malformations, and decreased hatching rate. Biochemical analysis showed the CDs exposure significantly inhibited the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase and increased the MDA contents and the activity of SOD, CAT, and GPX. Further examination suggested that the CDs exposure induced serious embryonic cellular DNA damage. Moreover, the CDs exposure induced upregulation of development related genes (Wnt8aandMstn) along with the downregulation ofVezf1. Overall, the present study revealed that the CDs exposure has significant development toxicity on rare minnow embryos/larvae. Mechanistically, this toxicity might result from the pressure of induced oxidative stress coordinate with the dysregulated development related gene expression mediated by the CDs exposure.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Yuan
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1473-5633
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0420-1163
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Lian
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Zhi
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0885-1646
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0932-3415
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D002244:Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects*; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon