title: Interaction between NMDA and CB2 function in the dorsal hippocampus on memory consolidation impairment: an isobologram analysis.
abstract: Convincing evidence has supported the pivotal role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and CB2Rs in the regulation of learning and memory.
  
  
  
  In this study, the role of hippocampal (CA1 region) CB2 receptors on aversive memory consolidation deficit induced by D-AP5, a NMDA receptor antagonist, was evaluated.
  
  
  
  Adult male Wistar rats received cannula implants that bilaterally targeted the CA1 region. Long-term memory was examined using the step-through type of passive avoidance task.
  
  
  
  Post-training, intra-CA1 microinjection of D-AP5 (0.5 and 0.75 μg/rat), GP1a (CB2 receptor agonist at dose of 150 ng/rat) and AM630 (CB2 receptor antagonist at doses 75 and 100 ng/rat) impaired memory consolidation processes. Intra-CA1 microinjection of a lower dose of GP1a or AM630 restored memory impairment induced by D-AP5 at the two higher doses, while AM630 decreased D-AP5 memory response at the lower dose. The isobologram analysis showed that there is a synergistic effect between D-AP5 and AM630 on memory consolidation deficit.
  
  
  
  These results suggest that CA1 CB2 receptors modulate memory consolidation impairment induced by D-AP5.
authors.affiliation: Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran. Nasehi@iricss.org.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nasehi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Islamic Azad University, Pharmaceutical Science Branch (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Marziyeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hajikhani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohaddeseh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi-Ghiri
authors.affiliation: Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran. zarinmr@ams.ac.ir.|Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran. zarinmr@ams.ac.ir.|Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran. zarinmr@ams.ac.ir.|Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. zarinmr@ams.ac.ir.|School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran. zarinmr@ams.ac.ir.|Medical Genomics Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. zarinmr@ams.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad-Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zarrindast
mesh_terms: D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007192:Indenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D000069077:Memory Consolidation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000378:metabolism; D008845:Microinjections; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D043885:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 / Q000819:agonists* / Q000502:physiology; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D007192:Indenes; C553580:N-(piperidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-methylindeno(1,2-c)pyrazole-3-carboxamide; D011720:Pyrazoles; D043885:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate
keywords: AM630; D-AP5; GP1a; Passive avoidance memory; Rat