title: Drug Dependence Treatment Awareness among Japanese Female Stimulant Drug Offenders.
abstract: Few stimulant drug users receive adequate treatment. This cross-sectional study describes the characteristics of female drug offenders that use stimulants and clarifies the factors related to the awareness of treatment for drug dependencies. We included 80 females imprisoned due to stimulant control law violations from 2012 to 2015. The characteristics of the female prisoners were stratified according to various treatment awareness levels, and associations between each characteristic and treatment awareness were evaluated using logistic regression models. The average period of stimulant drug use was 17.7 years. Participants imprisoned for the second time were significantly more likely to consider treatment compared to those imprisoned only once: odds ratio (OR) = 3.2 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-10.7). This elevated OR was diluted in repeat offenders. Participants who had experienced multiple aftereffects (≥7) or serious depressive symptoms were also more likely to consider treatment: OR = 6.1 (95% CI: 1.8-20.8) and OR = 2.5 (95% CI: 1.0-6.2), respectively. Second-time stimulant offenders or offenders who had experienced health problems were more likely to consider it important to receive drug dependence treatment. To overcome relapses of stimulant use, it is recommended that stimulant use offenders are encouraged to accept adequate treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan. d095243@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.|Department of Medicine, Iwakuni Prison, 6-11-29, Nishimi, Iwakuni-city, Yamaguchi 741-0061, Japan. d095243@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shinzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yatsugi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan. robin@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan. white-eye@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan. karasu-karasu@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eboshida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D057237:Criminals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants
keywords: dependence; prevention; prisoners; stimulant drug; treatment