title: The Benefit of Conserving and Gaining Resources after Trauma: A Systematic Review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traumatic events involve loss of resources, which has consistently been found to be associated with developing stress-related illness such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this systematic literature review was to determine if there is evidence for the salutatory effect of resource gain on PTSD, and if there are intervention models that utilize and assess gain in PTSD.
  
  
  METHODS
  All relevant online databases were systematically searched using key terms and a method, detailed in Figure 1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 22 relevant articles, there were three intervention studies, one longitudinal naturalistic study, eleven non-intervention association studies focusing on PTSD, and eight non-intervention association studies not focusing on PTSD. The intervention and naturalistic studies showed a significant positive effect on PTSD by specifically targeting the gain of resources during an intervention. Other non-intervention research supports the notion that resource loss is pathogenic and resource gain is beneficial after traumatic exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions that develop and assess effects of gain of various types of resources on stress-related illness should be encouraged. Interventions that already have proven efficacy for PTSD might include standardized assessment of resource loss and gain to further understand mechanisms of action.
authors.affiliation: The VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA. michael.hollifield@va.gov.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Orange, CA 92697, USA. michael.hollifield@va.gov.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hollifield
authors.affiliation: The VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA. gandrea1011@gmail.com.|Graduate Department of Psychology, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702, USA. gandrea1011@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gory
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612, USA. jsiedjak@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siedjak
authors.affiliation: The VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA. lindaxnguyen19@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612, USA. lucie_holmgreen@rush.edu.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holmgreen
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612, USA. stevan_hobfoll@rush.edu.
authors.forename: Stevan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hobfoll
keywords: PTSD; interventions; resources; trauma