title: A Structure Identification and Toxicity Assessment of the Degradation Products of Aflatoxin B₁ in Peanut Oil under UV Irradiation.
abstract: Aflatoxins, a group of extremely hazardous compounds because of their genotoxicity and carcinogenicity to human and animals, are commonly found in many tropical and subtropical regions. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is proven to be an effective method to reduce or detoxify aflatoxins. However, the degradation products of aflatoxins under UV irradiation and their safety or toxicity have not been clear in practical production such as edible oil industry. In this study, the degradation products of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) in peanut oil were analyzed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatograph-Thermo Quadrupole Exactive Focus mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQEF-MS/MS). The high-resolution mass spectra reflected that two main products were formed after the modification of a double bond in the terminal furan ring and the fracture of the lactone ring, while the small molecules especially nitrogen-containing compound may have participated in the photochemical reaction. According to the above results, the possible photodegradation pathway of AFB₁ in peanut oil is proposed. Moreover, the human embryo hepatocytes viability assay indicated that the cell toxicity of degradation products after UV irradiation was much lower than that of AFB₁, which could be attributed to the breakage of toxicological sites. These findings can provide new information for metabolic pathways and the hazard assessment of AFB₁ using UV detoxification.
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. maojin106@whu.edu.cn.|Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. maojin106@whu.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. maojin106@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. xinxianghebing@163.com.|Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. xinxianghebing@163.com.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. liangxiao_zhang@126.com.|Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. liangxiao_zhang@126.com.|Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. liangxiao_zhang@126.com.
authors.forename: Liangxiao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. peiwuli@oilcrops.cn.|Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. peiwuli@oilcrops.cn.|Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. peiwuli@oilcrops.cn.|Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. peiwuli@oilcrops.cn.
authors.forename: Peiwu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. zhangqi521x@126.com.|Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. zhangqi521x@126.com.|Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. zhangqi521x@126.com.|Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. zhangqi521x@126.com.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. dingdin2355@sina.com.|Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. dingdin2355@sina.com.|Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. dingdin2355@sina.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. zhangwen@oilcrops.cn.|Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. zhangwen@oilcrops.cn.|Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China. zhangwen@oilcrops.cn.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005506:Food Contamination; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D000074241:Peanut Oil; D010782:Photolysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000074241:Peanut Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D016604:Aflatoxin B1
keywords: TQEF-MS/MS; aflatoxin B1; cell viability; furan rings; photodegradation product