title: Description and experimental transmission of Tetracapsuloides vermiformis n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) and guidelines for describing malacosporean species including reinstatement of Buddenbrockia bryozoides n. comb. (syn. Tetracapsula bryozoides).
abstract: This paper provides the first detailed description of a Tetracapsuloides species, Tetracapsuloides vermiformis n. sp., with vermiform stages in the bryozoan host, Fredericella sultana, and its experimental transmission from F. sultana to Cyprinus carpio. The suitability of morphological, biological and 18S rDNA sequence data for discrimination between malacosporean species is reviewed and recommendations are given for future descriptions. Presently, malacosporean species cannot be differentiated morphologically due to their cryptic nature and the lack of differential characters of spores and spore-forming stages in both hosts. We examined biological, morphological and molecular characters for the present description and for revising malacosporean taxonomy in general. As a result, Buddenbrockia plumatellae was split into two species, with its sac-like stages being ascribed to Buddenbrockia bryozoides n. comb. In addition to ribosomal DNA sequences multiple biological features rather than morphological characters are considered essential tools to improve malacosporean taxonomy in the future according to our analysis of the limited traits presently available.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Parasitology,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences,37005 České Budějovice,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Sneha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patra
authors.affiliation: Institute of Parasitology,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences,37005 České Budějovice,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ashlie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hartigan
authors.affiliation: Marine Scotland Science, Freshwater Fisheries Laboratory,Faskally,Pitlochry,Perthshire,PH16 5LB,UK.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: Institute of Parasitology,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences,37005 České Budějovice,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kodádková
authors.affiliation: Institute of Parasitology,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences,37005 České Budějovice,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Astrid S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Holzer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002013:Bryozoa / Q000469:parasitology*; D002347:Carps; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D055764:Myxozoa / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010273:Parasitic Diseases, Animal / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
chemical_list: D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
keywords: 
                 Buddenbrockia bryozoides n. comb.; 
                 Buddenbrockia plumatellae
              ; 
                 Tetracapsuloides vermiformis n; Malacosporea; Morphological variation; Myxozoa; Species discrimination; Taxonomy; sp