title: Virtual surgical planning and 3D printing in prosthetic orbital reconstruction with percutaneous implants: a technical case report.
abstract: Osseointegrated titanium implants to the cranial skeleton for retention of facial prostheses have proven to be a reliable replacement for adhesive systems. However, improper placement of the implants can jeopardize prosthetic outcomes, and long-term success of an implant-retained prosthesis. Three-dimensional (3D) computer imaging, virtual planning, and 3D printing have become accepted components of the preoperative planning and design phase of treatment. Computer-aided design and computer-assisted manufacture that employ cone-beam computed tomography data offer benefits to patient treatment by contributing to greater predictability and improved treatment efficiencies with more reliable outcomes in surgical and prosthetic reconstruction. 3D printing enables transfer of the virtual surgical plan to the operating room by fabrication of surgical guides. Previous studies have shown that accuracy improves considerably with guided implantation when compared to conventional template or freehand implant placement. This clinical case report demonstrates the use of a 3D technological pathway for preoperative virtual planning through prosthesis fabrication, utilizing 3D printing, for a patient with an acquired orbital defect that was restored with an implant-retained silicone orbital prosthesis.
authors.affiliation: The Craniofacial Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System; University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Yu-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: The Craniofacial Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System; University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seelaus
authors.affiliation: The Craniofacial Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System; University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Linping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: The Craniofacial Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System; University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Pravin K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: The Craniofacial Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System; University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Mimis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cohen
keywords: 3D printing; computer-assisted surgery; craniofacial implants; orbital prosthetic reconstruction; virtual surgical planning (VSP)