title: Microvesicles secreted from equine amniotic-derived cells and their potential role in reducing inflammation in endometrial cells in an in-vitro model.
abstract: It is known that a paracrine mechanism exists between mesenchymal stem cells and target cells. This process may involve microvesicles (MVs) as an integral component of cell-to-cell communication.
  
  
  
  In this context, this study aims to understand the efficacy of MVs in in-vitro endometrial stressed cells in view of potential healing in in-vivo studies. For this purpose, the presence and type of MVs secreted by amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (AMCs) were investigated and the response of endometrial cells to MVs was studied using a dose-response curve at different concentrations and times. Moreover, the ability of MVs to counteract the in vitro stress in endometrial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide was studied by measuring the rate of apoptosis and cell proliferation, the expression of some pro-inflammatory genes such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and metalloproteinases (MMP) 1 and 13, and the release of some pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  
  MVs secreted by the AMCs ranged in size from 100 to 200 nm. The incorporation of MVs was gradual over time and peaked at 72 h. MVs reduced the apoptosis rate, increased cell proliferation values, downregulated pro-inflammatory gene expression, and decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  
  Our data suggest that some microRNAs could contribute to counteracting in-vivo inflammation of endometrial tissue.
authors.affiliation: Large Animal Hospital, Reproduction Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perrini
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Giuseppina
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Strillacci
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bagnato
authors.affiliation: Large Animal Hospital, Reproduction Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Esposti
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Giovanna
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Corradetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bizzaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Idda
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ledda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology-CNR, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Capra
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology-CNR, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pizzi
authors.affiliation: Large Animal Hospital, Reproduction Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy. anna.langeconsiglio@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lange-Consiglio
authors.affiliation: Large Animal Hospital, Reproduction Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy.|Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cremonesi
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006736:Horses; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Endometrium; Inflammation; LPS; Microvesicles; Regenerative medicine