title: Genetic Variations of Circulating Adiponectin Levels Modulate Changes in Appetite in Response to Weight-Loss Diets.
abstract: Adiponectin plays key roles in regulating appetite and food intake.
  
  
  
  To investigate interactions between the genetic risk score (GRS) for adiponectin levels and weight-loss diets varying in macronutrient intake on long-term changes in appetite and adiponectin levels.
  
  
  
  A GRS was calculated based on 5 adiponectin-associated variants in 692 overweight adults from the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial.
  
  
  
  Repeated measurements of plasma adiponectin levels and appetite-related traits, including cravings, fullness, prospective consumption, and hunger.
  
  
  
  Dietary fat showed nominally significant interactions with the adiponectin GRS on changes in appetite score and prospective consumption from baseline to 6 months (P for interaction = 0.014 and 0.017, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, baseline body mass index, and baseline respective outcome values. The GRS for lower adiponectin levels was associated with a greater decrease in appetite (P < 0.001) and prospective consumption (P = 0.008) among participants consuming a high-fat diet, whereas no significant associations were observed in the low-fat group. Additionally, a significant interaction was observed between the GRS and dietary fat on 6-month changes in adiponectin levels (P for interaction = 0.021). The lower GRS was associated with a greater increase in adiponectin in the low-fat group (P = 0.02), but it was not associated with adiponectin changes in the high-fat group (P = 0.31).
  
  
  
  Our findings suggest that individuals with varying genetic architecture of circulating adiponectin may respond divergently in appetite and adiponectin levels to weight-loss diets varying in fat intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112.
authors.forename: Yoriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Heianza
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112.
authors.forename: Tiange
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112.
authors.forename: Dianjianyi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27703.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808; and.
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808; and.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bray
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Sacks
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and.|Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.|Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D061345:Early Medical Intervention; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers