title: Microarray analysis reveals a potential role of LncRNAs expression in cardiac cell proliferation.
abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been identified to play important roles in epigenetic processes that underpin organogenesis. However, the role of LncRNAs in the regulation of transition from fetal to adult life of human heart has not been evaluated.
  
  
  
  Immunofiuorescent staining was used to determine the extent of cardiac cell proliferation. Human LncRNA microarrays were applied to define gene expression signatures of the fetal (13-17 weeks of gestation, n = 4) and adult hearts (30-40 years old, n = 4). Pathway analysis was performed to predict the function of differentially expressed mRNAs (DEM). DEM related to cell proliferation were selected to construct a lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network. Eight lncRNAs were confirmed by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction (n = 6).
  
  
  
  Cardiac cell proliferation was significant in the fetal heart. Two thousand six hundred six lncRNAs and 3079 mRNAs were found to be differentially expressed. Cell cycle was the most enriched pathway in down-regulated genes in the adult heart. Eight lncRNAs (RP11-119 F7.5, AX747860, HBBP1, LINC00304, TPTE2P6, AC034193.5, XLOC_006934 and AL833346) were predicted to play a central role in cardiac cell proliferation.
  
  
  
  We discovered a profile of lncRNAs differentially expressed between the human fetal and adult heart. Several meaningful lncRNAs involved in cardiac cell proliferation were disclosed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Shangcaicun, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Children's Heart Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.|Tianjin Childrens' Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Shangcaicun, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiakan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Department of Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Longjie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xueli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Shangcaicun, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. suncc6@163.com.
authors.forename: Chengchao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Children's Heart Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. chmping@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Maoping
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5652-3191
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002453:Cell Cycle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
keywords: Cardiac cell proliferation; Human heart; Long non-coding RNA; Microarray