title: Osteogenic and bactericidal surfaces from hydrothermal titania nanowires on titanium substrates.
abstract: Nanotopographical cues on Ti have been shown to elicit different cell responses such as cell differentiation and selective growth. Bone remodelling is a constant process requiring specific cues for optimal bone growth and implant fixation. Moreover, biofilm formation and the resulting infection on surgical implants is a major issue. Our aim is to identify nanopatterns on Ti surfaces that would be optimal for both bone remodelling and for reducing risk of bacterial infection. Primary human osteoblast/osteoclast co-cultures were seeded onto Ti substrates with TiO2nanowires grown under alkaline conditions at 240 °C for different times (2, 2.5 or 3 h). Cell growth and behaviour was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), immunofluorescence microscopy, histochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR methods. Bacterial colonisation of the nanowire surfaces was also assessed by confocal microscopy and SEM. From the three surfaces tested the 2 h nanowire surface supported osteoblast and to a lesser extent osteoclast growth and differentiation. At the same time bacterial viability was reduced. Hence the 2 h surface provided optimal bone remodeling in vitro conditions while reducing infection risk, making it a favourable candidate for future implant surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cell Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Tsimbouri
authors.affiliation: School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.affiliation: Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Holloway
authors.affiliation: School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sjostrom
authors.affiliation: School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Nobbs
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, The Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: R M D
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Meek
authors.affiliation: School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cell Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Dalby
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069343:Bone-Implant Interface; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053770:Nanowires; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium