title: Chinese Version of Psychometric Evaluation of Self-Reflection and Insight Scale on Taiwanese Nursing Students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Self-reflection (also known as reflection) is an internal process that is difficult to perceive or assess. An instrument that is able to measure self-reflection may serve as a resource for educators to assess the learning process of students and to tailor education approaches to student needs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to translate the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale (SRIS) into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties for use with Taiwanese nursing students.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this cross-sectional study, nursing students were recruited from two nursing schools in southern Taiwan in two phases: Phase 1, which included 361 fourth-year students, and Phase 2, which included 703 fifth-year students. Data were collected in December 2012 and May 2013 using the Chinese version of the SRIS (SRIS-C), Taiwan Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory, and the Perceived Identity as a Nurse Questionnaire, which was developed by the author. In Phase 1, exploratory factor analysis was used to explore the factor structure of the SRIS-C in the fourth-year student participants. In Phase 2, confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the fitness of the model for the fifth-year student participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight items were deleted from the original SRIS to create the SRIS-C. Thus, the Chinese-version measure had 12 items and two factors (self-reflection and insight) that fit the data well. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the total scale and its two subscales were .79, .87, and .83, respectively. The 3-week test-retest reliability was .74. SRIS-C scores correlated significantly with scores on the Taiwan Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and the Perceived Identity as a Nurse Questionnaire, indicating good convergent validity for the SRIS-C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study showed that the SRIS-C has sound psychometric properties. This instrument provides nurse educators with information that may be used to evaluate the self-reflection and insight of students and to develop interventions to effectively improve these skills in Chinese-language-based nursing education.
authors.affiliation: 1PhD, RN, Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University 2MS, RN, Lecturer, Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management 3MS, RN, Supervisor, Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital 4PhD, Assistant Professor and Director, Department of Applied Foreign Languages, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management 5PhD, RN, Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Chung-Shan Medical University.
authors.forename: Shu-Yueh
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chen-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Hui-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hui-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Hsiang-Chu
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Pai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology*; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan; D014175:Translating