title: A comparison of serum and plasma cytokine values using a multiplexed assay in cats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Degenerative joint disease (DJD) is highly prevalent in cats, and pain contributes to morbidity. In humans, alterations of cytokine concentrations have been associated with joint deterioration and pain. Similar changes have not been investigated in cats. Cytokine concentrations can be measured using multiplex technology with small samples of serum or plasma, however, serum and plasma are not interchangeable for most bioassays. Correlations for cytokine concentrations between serum and plasma have not been evaluated in cats.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the levels of detection and agreement between serum and plasma samples in cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paired serum and plasma samples obtained from 38 cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood was collected into anti-coagulant free and EDTA Vacutainer®tubes, serum or plasma extracted, and samples frozen at -80°C until testing. Duplicate samples were tested using a 19-plex feline cytokine/chemokine magnetic bead panel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Agreement between serum and plasma for many analytes was high, however correlation coefficients ranged from -0.01 to 0.97. Results from >50% of samples were below the lower limit of quantification for both serum and plasma for nine analytes, and for an additional three analytes for plasma only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While serum and plasma agreement was generally good, detection was improved using serum samples.
authors.affiliation: Comparative Pain Research Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. Electronic address: megruen@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gruen
authors.affiliation: Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, Raleigh, NC, USA. Electronic address: kmmessen@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Kristen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Messenger
authors.affiliation: Comparative Pain Research Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. Electronic address: aethomso@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Andrea E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, 2311 Stinson Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. Electronic address: eghohmei@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Emily H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.affiliation: Comparative Pain Research Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
authors.forename: Hayley
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Paradise
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, Raleigh, NC, USA. Electronic address: slvaden@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Shelly
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vaden
authors.affiliation: Comparative Pain Research Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: dxlascel@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: B D X
authors.initials: BDX
authors.lastname: Lascelles
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods; D002415:Cats / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D010949:Plasma / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Biomarker; Feline; Immunoassay