title: Factors influencing local control in patients undergoing breast conservation surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of our study was to assess various predictors for local recurrence (LR) in patients undergoing breast conservation surgery (BCS) for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
  
  
  METHODS
  An audit was performed of 582 consecutive patients with DCIS between Jan 1975 to June 2008. In patients undergoing BCS, local guidelines reported a margin of ≥10 mm during the above period. Guideline with regard to margin of excision changes soon after this period. We retrospectively analysed clinical and pathological risk factors for local recurrence in patients undergoing BCS. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 19, and a cox regression model for multivariate analysis of local recurrence was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall 239 women had BCS for DCIS during the above period. The actuarial 5-year recurrence rate was 9.6%. The overall LR rate was 17% (40/239. LR was more common in patients ≤50 years: (10/31 patients, 32%) compared to patients > 50 years (30/208, 14%, P = 0.02). Forty three per cent of patients (6/14) with <5 mm margin developed LR which was significantly higher compared to patients with 5-9 mm margin (12%, 3/25) and with ≥10 mm margin (14%, 27/188, P = 0.01). On multivariate analysis age ≤50 years, <5 mm pathological margin were independent prognostic factors for local recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that younger age (≤50 years) and a margin < 5 mm are poor prognostic factors for LR in patients undergoing breast conservation surgery for DCIS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast Surgery, University of Nottingham, UK. Electronic address: mathewjohn9@aol.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast Surgery, University of Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karia
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: D A L
authors.initials: DAL
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: A H S
authors.initials: AHS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: I O
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.affiliation: Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, UK.
authors.forename: J F R
authors.initials: JFR
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast Surgery, University of Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bello
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000072662:Margins of Excision; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Ductal carcinoma in situ; Local recurrence; Prognostic factors