title: NSAIDs in the Treatment of Postoperative Pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postoperative pain results in multiple undesirable physiologic and psychological outcomes, and it should be managed in a multimodal approach. This article reviews the latest scientific literature of NSAIDs in the treatment of postoperative pain. The goal is to answer the following questions: (1) Are NSAIDs effective in the postoperative period? (2) Are NSAIDs safe in all surgical patients? and (3) Are adverse effects of NSAIDs increased or diminished in the acute postoperative period?
  
  
  RESULTS
  NSAIDs are safe and effective in the treatment of postoperative pain, and they should be administered to all postoperative surgical patients unless contraindicated. Based on literature, NSAIDs have been shown to increase patient satisfaction and decrease opioid requirements, minimizing opiate-induced adverse events. They have no increased incidence of adverse effects during the acute postoperative period. NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors, however, should be used with caution in colorectal surgery as they are proven to increase the risk of anastomotic leak.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. anita.gupta@drexelmed.edu.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Maimouna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bah
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D000082:Acetaminophen
keywords: Multimodal NSAIDs; NSAID adverse effects; NSAIDs acute pain; NSAIDs in postoperative pain; Postoperative analgesics; Postoperative pain