title: Adding interventions to mass measles vaccinations in India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the impact on mortality of offering a hypothetical set of technically feasible, high-impact interventions for maternal and child survival during India's 2010-2013 measles supplementary immunization activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed Lives Saved Tool models for 12 Indian states participating in the supplementary immunization, based on state- and sex-specific data on mortality from India's Million Deaths Study and on health services coverage from Indian household surveys. Potential add-on interventions were identified through a literature review and expert consultations. We quantified the number of lives saved for a campaign offering measles vaccine alone versus a campaign offering measles vaccine with six add-on interventions (nutritional screening and complementary feeding for children, vitamin A and zinc supplementation for children, multiple micronutrient and calcium supplementation in pregnancy, and free distribution of insecticide-treated bednets).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The measles vaccination campaign saved an estimated 19 016 lives of children younger than 5 years. A hypothetical campaign including measles vaccine with add-on interventions was projected to save around 73 900 lives (range: 70 200-79 300), preventing 73 700 child deaths (range: 70 000-79 000) and 300 maternal deaths (range: 200-400). The most effective interventions in the whole package were insecticide-treated bednets, measles vaccine and preventive zinc supplementation. Girls accounted for 66% of expected lives saved (12 712/19 346) for the measles vaccine campaign, and 62% of lives saved (45 721/74 367) for the hypothetical campaign including add-on interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In India, a measles vaccination campaign including feasible, high-impact interventions could substantially increase the number of lives saved and mitigate gender-related inequities in child mortality.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Tour Saint-Antoine, Porte S03-458, 850 Rue St-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada .
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johri
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States of America .
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verguet
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada .
authors.forename: Shaun K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: National Health Systems Resource Centre, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India .
authors.forename: Jitendar K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Centre for Global Health Research, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada .
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.affiliation: Centre for Global Health Research, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada .
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gauvreau
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, England .
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Centre for Global Health Research, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada .
authors.forename: Prabhat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jha
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, England .
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jit
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D032541:Mass Vaccination; D008457:Measles / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017146:Models, Organizational; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000379:methods*