title: Appearance of external genital organs and types of hymen in Turkish female foetal cadavers.
abstract: The present study's purpose was to determine the size and morphometric development of the female external genital organs on foetal cadavers. Dimensions of labia majora, labia minora and clitoris, bilabial diameter, vertical and horizontal diameters of hymenal opening, distance between the external urethral orifice and hymenal opening, distance between the clitoris and external urethral orifice and anogenital distance were measured. The hymenal types were determined. Mean values of parameters according to gestational weeks, months and trimesters were calculated. Imperforate hymen were determined in the first trimester. Twenty-eight foetuses with annular hymen, 25 foetuses with imperforate hymen, and 1 foetus with septated hymen were determined in the second trimester. Twenty-four foetuses with annular hymen, 3 foetuses with imperforate hymen, 1 foetus with fimbriated hymen, and 1 foetus with hymenal tag were determined in the third trimester. All foetuses in the full term were determined with annular hymen.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Süleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülnur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Özgüner
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Süleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Öztürk
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Süleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
authors.forename: Cemil
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bilkay
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Süleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dursun
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Süleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sulak
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Süleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey.
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koyuncu
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D002987:Clitoris / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D006924:Hymen / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances; D012015:Reference Standards; D014421:Turkey; D014844:Vulva / Q000033:anatomy & histology*
keywords: Female external genitalia; foetal development; hymen; prenatal diagnosis