title: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Oral Prevalence in Scotland (HOPSCOTCH): A Feasibility Study in Dental Settings.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of undertaking a full population investigation into the prevalence, incidence, and persistence of oral Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) in Scotland via dental settings. Male and female patients aged 16-69 years were recruited by Research Nurses in 3 primary care and dental outreach teaching centres and 2 General Dental Practices (GDPs), and by Dental Care Teams in 2 further GDPs. Participants completed a questionnaire (via an online tablet computer or paper) with socioeconomic, lifestyle, and sexual history items; and were followed up at 6-months for further questionnaire through appointment or post/online. Saline oral gargle/rinse samples, collected at baseline and follow-up, were subject to molecular HPV genotyping centrally. 1213 dental patients were approached and 402 individuals consented (participation rate 33.1%). 390 completed the baseline questionnaire and 380 provided a baseline oral specimen. Follow-up rate was 61.6% at 6 months. While recruitment was no different in Research Nurse vs Dental Care Team models the Nurse model ensured more rapid recruitment. There were relatively few missing responses in the questionnaire and high levels of disclosure of risk behaviours (99% answered some of the sexual history questions). Data linkage of participant data to routine health records including HPV vaccination data was successful with 99.1% matching. Oral rinse/gargle sample collection and subsequent HPV testing was feasible. Preliminary analyses found over 95% of samples to be valid for molecular HPV detection prevalence of oral HPV infection of 5.5% (95%CI 3.7, 8.3). It is feasible to recruit and follow-up dental patients largely representative / reflective of the wider population, suggesting it would be possible to undertake a study to investigate the prevalence, incidence, and determinants of oral HPV infection in dental settings.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.affiliation: Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.affiliation: Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: NHS Education for Scotland, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: McDaid
authors.affiliation: Sandyford Sexual Health Services, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jiafeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kimberley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kavanagh
authors.affiliation: Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kean
authors.affiliation: Human Papillomavirus Research Group, Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ramya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.affiliation: Human Papillomavirus Research Group, Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cubie
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Clarkson
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bagg
authors.affiliation: Health Protection Scotland, National Services Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kevin G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.affiliation: Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cuschieri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D055815:Young Adult