title: Bamboo Salt Suppresses Colon Carcinogenesis in C57BL/6 Mice with Chemically Induced Colitis.
abstract: The aim of our experiment was to evaluate the anticancer effect of bamboo salt (BS) on C57BL/6 mice in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colon cancer model. BS, solar salt, and purified salt were evaluated for their protective effects during AOM/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. BS, especially after baking for nine separate intervals (BS9x), suppressed colon carcinogenesis in the mice. BS9x decreased colon length shortening, weight-to-length ratios, and tumor counts. Pathological evidence from histological evaluation by hematoxylin and eosin staining also revealed suppression of tumorigenesis. BS9x lowered serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) to close to those of the Normal group. Additionally, BS9x suppressed colon mRNA expression of proinflammatory factors and significantly regulated mRNA levels of the apoptosis-related factors, Bax and Bcl-2, and the cell cycle-related genes, p21 and p53. Additionally, immunohistochemistry showed that BS promoted p21 expression in the colon. Taken together, the results indicate that BS exhibited anticancer efficacy by modulating apoptosis- and inflammation-related gene expression during colon carcinogenesis in mice, and repetition in baking cycles of BS enhanced its anticancer functionality.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.|2 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Cha University , Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaehyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ga-Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 3 Insanga Co. , Hamyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Se
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kosin University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: 5 School of Life Science, Handong Global University , Pohang, Korea.
authors.forename: Myoung-Sool
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Do
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.|2 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Cha University , Seongnam, Korea.|6 Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education , Chongqing, China .
authors.forename: Kun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; C494827:Bax protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; C000605706:bamboo salt; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
keywords: azoxymethane; bamboo salt; colon cancer; dextran sodium sulfate