title: Social inequalities in health behaviors among Brazilian adults: National Health Survey, 2013.
abstract: Considering the high socioeconomic inequalities prevailing in Brazil and lifestyle as a strong determinant of morbidity and premature mortality, our purpose was to evaluate the degree of socioeconomic disparities in the prevalence of health behaviors among Brazilian adult population using data from the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey.
  
  
  
  Based on a sample of 49,025 individuals aged 20 to 59 years, we estimated the prevalence of several health behaviors and a score of unhealthy behaviors according to gender, education, race/color and possession of private health insurance. The prevalence ratios adjusted by age and gender were estimated by means of multiple Poisson regression and the analyses took into account the sampling design.
  
  
  
  Significant social inequalities were identified in the Brazilian adults. Higher prevalence of current smoking, leisure-time physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, whole milk consumption and low ingestion of greens, vegetables, and fruits were observed among the less educated, in the non-white population, and among those without private health insurance. Higher prevalence of heavy episodic drinking was found in the non-white population, but no difference in the consumption of fatty meat was found according to skin color. Score of unhealthy behavior higher than 6 was more frequent in lower educational strata (PR = 3.74) in the non-white population (PR = 1.39) and among those without private health insurance (PR = 1.78). Compared to women, men had higher prevalence rates of smoking, hazardous alcohol consumption, and fatty meat consumption and lower consumption of greens, vegetables and fruits.
  
  
  
  The results of the study emphasize the importance of monitoring social inequalities in health as part of national health policies and the urgent need to prioritize actions to promote healthy behaviors, especially among the most socially vulnerable segments of society.
authors.affiliation: State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marilisa Berti
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: de Azevedo Barros
authors.affiliation: State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil. margarethglima@gmail.com.|Department of Public Health - UNICAMP - Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 - Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil. margarethglima@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Margareth Guimarães
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lhais de Paula Barbosa
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.affiliation: Foundation Institute Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celia Landman
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Szwarcwald
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Deborah Carvalho
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Malta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001938:Brazil; D004032:Diet; D004522:Educational Status; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011203:Poverty; D015995:Prevalence; D044469:Racial Groups; D012309:Risk-Taking; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Alcohol; Diet; Health behavior; Leisure-time physical activity; Smoking; Social inequalities