title: Gram (-) microorganisms DNA polymerase inhibition, antibacterial and chemical properties of fruit and leaf extracts of Sorbus acuparia and Sorbus caucasica var. yaltirikii.
abstract: Investigation of novel plant-based agents might provide alternative antibiotics and thus fight antibiotic resistance. Here, we measured the ability of fruit and leaf extracts of Sorbus aucuparia (Sauc) and endemic Sorbus caucasica var. yaltirikii (Scau) to inhibit nonreplicative (Klenow Fragment-KF and Bacillus Large Fragment-BLF) and replicative (DnaE and PolC) bacterial DNA polymerases along with their antimicrobial, DPPH free radical scavenging activity (RSA), and chemical contents by total phenolic content and HPLC-DAD analysis. We found that leaf extracts had nearly 10-fold higher RSA and 5-fold greater TPC than the corresponding fruit extracts. All extracts had large amounts of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and rutin, while fruit extracts had large amounts of quercetin. Hydrolysis of fruit extracts revealed mainly caffeic acid from CGA (caffeoylquinic acid) and quercetin from rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside), as well as CGA and derivatives of CGA and p-coumaric acid. Plant extracts of Sorbus species showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative microorganisms. Scau leaf extracts exhibited strong inhibition of KF activity. Sauc and Scau leaf extracts also strongly inhibited two replicative DNA polymerases. Thus, these species can be considered a potential source of novel antimicrobial agents specific for Gram-negative bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy System Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Halbay
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Turumtay
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Midilli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine Akyuz
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Turumtay
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Adem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine Kılıçkaya
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Selvi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine Esra
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Budak
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Havva
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Er
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kocaimamoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baykal
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali Osman
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Belduz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Vagif
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Atamov
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sandallı
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000187:drug effects*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
keywords: Sorbus; inhibition; nonreplicative DNA polymerase (KF and BLF); organic solvents; primer extension assay; replicative DNA polymerase (DnaE and PolC)