title: Atypical effective connectivity of thalamo-cortical circuits in autism spectrum disorder.
abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopment disorder characterized by atypical connectivity within and across multiple brain systems. We aimed to explore information transmission from the sensory periphery to information processing centers of the brain across thalamo-cortical circuits in ASD. A large multicenter dataset from the autism brain imaging data exchange was utilized. A thalamus template derived from the Automatic Anatomic Labeling atlas was subdivided into six subregions corresponding to six cortical regions using a "winner-takes-all" strategy. Granger causality analysis (GCA) was then applied to calculate effective connectivity from subregions of the thalamus to the corresponding cortical regions. Results demonstrate reduced effective connectivity from the thalamus to left prefrontal cortex (P = 0.023), right posterior parietal cortex (P = 0.03), and bilateral temporal cortex (left: P = 0.014; right: P = 0.015) in ASD compared with healthy control (HC) participants. The GCA values of the thalamus-bilateral temporal cortex connections were significantly negatively correlated with communication scores as assessed by the autism diagnostic observation schedule in the ASD group (left: P = 0.037; right: P = 0.007). Age-related analyses showed that the strengths of the thalamus-bilateral temporal cortex connections were significantly positively correlated with age in the HC group (left: P = 0.013; right: P = 0.016), but not in the ASD group (left: P = 0.506; right: P = 0.219). These results demonstrate impaired thalamo-cortical information transmission in ASD and suggest that atypical development of thalamus-temporal cortex connections may relate to communication deficits in the disorder. Autism Res 2016, 9: 1183-1190. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Center for Information in BioMedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Lucina Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Center for Information in BioMedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Youxue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Center for Information in BioMedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xujun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Center for Information in BioMedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Huafu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013788:Thalamus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: autism spectrum disorder; brain development; granger causality analysis; thalamus