title: Small molecule absorption by PDMS in the context of drug response bioassays.
abstract: The polymer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used to build microfluidic devices compatible with cell culture. Whilst convenient in manufacture, PDMS has the disadvantage that it can absorb small molecules such as drugs. In microfluidic devices like "Organs-on-Chip", designed to examine cell behavior and test the effects of drugs, this might impact drug bioavailability. Here we developed an assay to compare the absorption of a test set of four cardiac drugs by PDMS based on measuring the residual non-absorbed compound by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). We showed that absorption was variable and time dependent and not determined exclusively by hydrophobicity as claimed previously. We demonstrated that two commercially available lipophilic coatings and the presence of cells affected absorption. The use of lipophilic coatings may be useful in preventing small molecule absorption by PDMS.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: b.j.vanmeer@lumc.nl.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: van Meer
authors.affiliation: Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: vries_h@lacdr.leidenuniv.nl.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Stem Cell Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. Electronic address: mzxksf@nottingham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: K S A
authors.initials: KSA
authors.lastname: Firth
authors.affiliation: LipoCoat B.V., PO Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands. Electronic address: j.vanweerd@utwente.nl.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Weerd
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.g.j.tertoolen@lumc.nl.
authors.forename: L G J
authors.initials: LGJ
authors.lastname: Tertoolen
authors.affiliation: LipoCoat B.V., PO Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands; Dept. of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, Driernerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands. Electronic address: h.b.j.karperien@utwente.nl.
authors.forename: H B J
authors.initials: HBJ
authors.lastname: Karperien
authors.affiliation: LipoCoat B.V., PO Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands; Dept. of Molecular Nanofabrication, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands. Electronic address: p.jonkheijm@utwente.nl.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jonkheijm
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Stem Cell Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. Electronic address: Chris.Denning@nottingham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Denning
authors.affiliation: Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: ijzerman@lacdr.leidenuniv.nl.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: IJzerman
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands; Dept. of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands. Electronic address: c.l.mummery@lumc.nl.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Mummery
mesh_terms: D065966:Absorption, Physicochemical; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D009757:Nylons / Q000737:chemistry*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D008055:Lipids; D009757:Nylons; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; C085707:poly(dimethylsiloxane)-polyamide copolymer
keywords: Absorption; Drug screening; LipoCoat Cellbinder; Microfluidics; PDMS; PDMS coating