title: Chemical characterization and protective effect of the Bactris setosa Mart. fruit against oxidative/nitrosative stress.
abstract: Bactris setosa Mart. is a Brazilian tree from the palm family (Arecaceae), whose fruits are scientifically underexploited. Here, we report, for the first time, the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds and carotenoids in the pulp, seed, and peel extracts of B. setosa fruits and their in vitro biological activity. The anthocyanins cyanidin deoxyhexose hexoside and cyanidin hexoside and other phenolic compounds were detected mainly in the peel but also in the pulp extracts. All-trans-lutein was the unique carotenoid identified and quantified, and only in the peel extract. All extracts were able to scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively), to modulate human neutrophils' oxidative burst and to protect Caco-2 cells against oxidative damage, the peel extract being the most efficient. This study indicates that extracts from B. setosa fruits, especially the peel extract, are a source of bioactive compounds with promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joana Schuelter
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Boeing
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Renan Campos
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Chisté
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jesuí Vergílio
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Visentainer
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Vera Marisa
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: marisafreitas@ff.up.pt.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: egracas@ff.up.pt.
authors.forename: Eduarda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D001938:Brazil; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D015538:Nitrosation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002338:Carotenoids
keywords: (+)-Catechin (PubChem CID: 9064); (−)-Epicatechin (PubChem CID: 72276); Bactris setosa Mart. fruits; Caco-2 cells; Carotenoids; Cyanidin chloride (PubChem CID: 68247); Neutrophils; Phenolic compounds; ROS and RNS; Rutin (PubChem CID: 5280805); trans-Piceatannol (PubChem CID: 667639)