title: A first report of non-invasive adenovirus detection in wild Assamese macaques in Thailand.
abstract: Several simian adenoviruses (AdVs) have been detected and isolated in various species of non-human primates with the goals of monitoring the health of wildlife and investigating their potential for zoonotic disease transmission. Here, we provide evidence of AdV infection in wild Assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis assamensis) at Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand, based on polymerase chain reaction of non-invasively collected fecal samples. Eight out of 110 fecal samples (7.3%), or five out of 87 monkeys (5.7%), showed evidence of AdV infection. All infected individuals were infants or juveniles. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence of hexon and polymerase genes revealed two different AdV genotypes. One genotype clustered in the human AdV-G group, while another showed 100% identity with previously reported AdVs of captive Chinese rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), which may be tentatively classified as a new species of AdV in non-human primates while awaiting further supporting evidence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kampaengsaen Campus, Kampaengsaen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand. fvetmksu@gmail.com.|Kampaengsaen Veterinary Diagnosis Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kampaengsaen Campus, Kampaengsaen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand. fvetmksu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Manakorn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sukmak
authors.affiliation: Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kampaengsaen Campus, Kampaengsaen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.|Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Graduate School, Kasetsart University, Bangkhen Campus, Bangkok, 10903, Thailand.
authors.forename: Worawidh
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wajjwalku
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Ecology, Georg August University Göttingen, Kellnerweg 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.|Research Group Primate Social Evolution, German Primate Centre, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research Göttingen, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ostner
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Ecology, Georg August University Göttingen, Kellnerweg 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.|Research Group Primate Social Evolution, German Primate Centre, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research Göttingen, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schülke
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D008251:Macaca; D008297:Male; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D015995:Prevalence; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; C018315:hexon capsid protein, Adenovirus
keywords: Hexon gene; Macaca assamensis assamensis; Phylogenetic analysis; Polymerase gene