title: Bladder Neck Contracture After Radical Prostatectomy: What Is the Reality of Care?
abstract: To evaluate the therapeutic methods and algorithms currently used in the treatment of bladder neck contracture (BNC) after radical prostatectomy (RP).
  
  
  
  Heads of 170 urologic departments in Germany, listed at the German Society of Urology (DGU), were invited to participate in an Internet-based customized survey. The questions consisted of an epidemiologic part (kind of hospital, state of practice) and questions inquiring used surgical techniques with their respective incidence and given algorithms for therapy.
  
  
  
  Of 170 contacted heads of urologic departments in Germany, 84 responded to the questionnaire (return rate 49.41%). The most common treatment modalities are transurethral resection, cold knife incision, hot knife incision, and dilation in descending order. For those institutions using several treatment modalities, 56 (66.67%) follow a therapeutic algorithm, while 28 (33.33%) follow no set order of treatment. However, among the 56 institutions with a set algorithm, 33 different approaches were identified. Of 84 institutions, 29 (34.52%) perform open reanastomosis in case of recurrent BNC, the remaining 55 (65.48%) do not.
  
  
  
  Despite several published guidelines on urethral strictures, numerous self-employed treatment algorithms are used to treat BNC. Although treatment results of these algorithms and the underlying treatment modalities cannot be determined with this work, it highlights the necessity for further studies comparing the different surgeries to allow for a more evidence-based approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany .
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pfalzgraf
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany .
authors.forename: Fabian P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany .
authors.forename: Maximilian C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kriegmair
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany .
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wagener
mesh_terms: D034841:Abdominal Cavity; D000465:Algorithms; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D003286:Contracture; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: anastomotic stricture; bladder neck contracture; bladder neck stricture; radical prostatectomy; therapy; treatment