title: Short and long term outcomes of children conceived with assisted reproductive technology.
abstract: Despite their wide and global use, possible short and long-term effects of fertility treatments on children is not well-established. In this review, birth defects and perinatal complications and their relationship with assisted reproductive technology (ART), along with long-term effects of ART on cardiovascular system, metabolism, behavior, cognitive skills, and childhood cancers are discussed. Children conceived through ART are at increased risk for birth defects and perinatal complications such as preterm delivery, low birth weight and small for gestational age. Parental characteristics, underlying infertility etiology and ART procedures themselves may contribute to this. The long-term effects of ART are difficult to establish. Studies so far report that ART children have normal social, emotional, cognitive, and motor functions. Likewise, despite some minor inconsistencies in some studies, they do not seem to be at increased risk for childhood cancers. However, there are a number of studies that imply vascular system may be adversely affected by ART and its possible consequences should be further investigated with follow up studies. Large scale studies with long-term follow up periods are required to determine the effects of ART on conceived children.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University Hospital, Turkey.
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Turkgeldi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University Hospital, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hande
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagmur
authors.affiliation: Assisted Reproduction Center, American Hospital of Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seyhan
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University School of Medicine, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Urman
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University School of Medicine, Turkey. Electronic address: barisata@ku.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D044882:Glucose Metabolism Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D052439:Lipid Metabolism Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012306:Risk; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Assisted reproduction; Congenital malformation; Infertility; Metabolism; Perinatal outcome