title: Spectral Gini Index for Quantifying the Depth of Consciousness.
abstract: We propose indices that describe the depth of consciousness (DOC) based on electroencephalograms (EEGs) acquired during anesthesia. The spectral Gini index (SpG) is a novel index utilizing the inequality in the powers of the EEG spectral components; a similar index is the binarized spectral Gini index (BSpG), which has low computational complexity. A set of EEG data from 15 subjects was obtained during the induction and recovery periods of general anesthesia with propofol. The efficacy of the indices as indicators of the DOC was demonstrated by examining Spearman's correlation coefficients between the indices and the effect-site concentration of propofol. A higher correlation was observed for SpG and BSpG (0.633 and 0.770, resp.,p< 0.001) compared to the conventional indices. These results show that the proposed indices can achieve a reliable quantification of the DOC with simplified calculations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05535, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05535, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gyu-Jeong
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Chool
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4839-0445
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D058256:Brain Waves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003243:Consciousness / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D019277:Entropy; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D015742:Propofol / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D015742:Propofol