title: Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) Provides Accurate Direct from Culture Species Identification within the Genus Candida.
abstract: Members of the genus Candida, such as C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, are important human pathogens. Other members of this genus, previously believed to carry minimal disease risk, are increasingly recognised as important human pathogens, particularly because of variations in susceptibilities to widely used anti-fungal agents. Thus, rapid and accurate identification of clinical Candida isolates is fundamental in ensuring timely and effective treatments are delivered. Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) has previously been shown to provide a high-throughput platform for the rapid and accurate identification of bacterial and fungal isolates. In comparison to commercially available matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF), REIMS based methods require no preparative steps nor time-consuming cell extractions. Here, we report on the ability of REIMS-based analysis to rapidly and accurately identify 153 clinical Candida isolates to species level. Both handheld bipolar REIMS and high-throughput REIMS platforms showed high levels of species classification accuracy, with 96% and 100% of isolates classified correctly to species level respectively. In addition, significantly different (FDR corrected P value < 0.05) lipids within the 600 to 1000 m/z mass range were identified, which could act as species-specific biomarkers in complex microbial communities.
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Simon J S
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bolt
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perdones-Montero
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.|Department of Microbiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, W6 8RF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rickards
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hardiman
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.|Department of Microbiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, W6 8RF, United Kingdom.|Fungal Pathogens Immunobiology Laboratory, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdolrasouli
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bodai
authors.affiliation: Waters Research Centre, 7 Zahony Street, Budapest, 1031, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tamas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karancsi
authors.affiliation: Waters Research Centre, 7 Zahony Street, Budapest, 1031, Hungary.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Waters Research Centre, 7 Zahony Street, Budapest, 1031, Hungary.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schaffer
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, W6 8RF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rebec
authors.affiliation: Waters Research Centre, 7 Zahony Street, Budapest, 1031, Hungary.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balog
authors.affiliation: Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Takáts
mesh_terms: D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods