title: High levels of DNA polymerase β mRNA corresponding with the high activity in Graves' thyroid tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High DNA polymerase β activity has been observed in the thyroid tissue of patients with Graves' disease (Nagasaka et al. in Metabolism 37:1051-1054, 1988). This fact aroused our interest in whether the alteration of DNA polymerase β activity depends on DNA polymerase β (DNA poly β) mRNA levels, which may be modulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyroid-stimulating substances, i.e. TSH receptor antibody (TRAb).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Addition of TSH or TRAb to primary cultures of Graves' disease thyroid cells for 4 h led to no increase in DNA poly β mRNA levels. In contrast, thyroid hormone synthesizing enzyme, peroxidase, mRNA levels increased fivefold after coculture with TSH and TRAb, even though DNA poly β activity and mRNA levels are already significantly higher in Graves' disease thyroid tissues, compared with normal thyroid tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that DNA poly β expression in Graves' disease thyroid cells may be maximally activated or plateau in response to thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins, or that the activation of to poly β expression may occur via pathways other than the G protein and cyclic AMP system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagasaka
authors.affiliation: Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan. manoyasu@fujita-hu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mano
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagasaka
authors.affiliation: Nakai Clinic, Chita, Aichi, 478-0041, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwase
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control , Nagoya University School of Medicne, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D001324:Autoantigens / Q000235:genetics; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019951:DNA Polymerase beta / Q000235:genetics*; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018828:Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating / Q000494:pharmacology; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000276:immunology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D018828:Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D013972:Thyrotropin; C056658:TPO protein, human; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase; D019951:DNA Polymerase beta
keywords: DNA polymerase; Graves’ disease; Iodide peroxidase and mRNAs