title: The -2518 A/G MCP-1 and -403 G/A RANTES promoter gene polymorphisms are associated with psoriasis vulgaris.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphic variants of the genes encoding monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES/CCL5) and their protein serum levels have not been widely explored in psoriasis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the effect of the MCP-1 (-2518 A/G) and RANTES (-403 G/A) promoter gene polymorphisms on the risk and clinical manifestation of psoriasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 160 unrelated patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 160 healthy, unrelated, age- and sex-matched volunteers. The promoter gene polymorphisms were analysed using amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR and single specific primer (SSP)-PCR. Serum levels of cytokines were measured using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of the MCP-1-2518 GG genotype was statistically more frequent in patients and it was associated with an increased risk of psoriasis (OR = 1.94; P = 0.04). In patients with late-onset (≥ 40 years) psoriasis, the presence of the RANTES -403 AA genotype was statistically more frequent (OR = 3.65; P < 0.01) while -403 GG was less frequent (OR = 0.44; P < 0.01). Moreover, the A allele (AA or AG) in the -403 RANTES polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of developing severe psoriasis (OR = 2.02; P = 0.03). Serum levels of both chemokines were elevated. RANTES serum concentration was significantly higher in patients with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index > 15.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our analysis suggest that the -2518 A/G MCP-1 and -403 G/A RANTES promoter gene polymorphisms may be risk factors for psoriasis and may influence its clinical presentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zablotna
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sobjanek
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Purzycka-Bohdan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szczerkowska-Dobosz
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nedoszytko
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nowicki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018946:Chemokine CCL5