title: Morphine enhances renal cell carcinoma aggressiveness through promotes survivin level.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Morphine is an opioid analgesic drug often used for pain relief in cancer patients. However, there is growing evidence that morphine may modulate tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Unfortunately, the results obtained by these studies are still contradictory.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we investigated the effect of morphine in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma 786-O, RLC-310 cells and whether morphine affects on tumor growth in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma 786-O, RLC-310 cells. The cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay, cell proliferation, migration and invasion assays. Immunofluorescence staining and Q-PCR was used to determine the Survivin expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was shown that morphine enhances proliferation of 786-O, RLC-310 cells, whereas morphine promoted the growth and aggressive phenotype of 786-O and RLC-310 cells in vitro though Survivin-dependent signaling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data showed that morphine promotes RCC growth and increases RCC progression via over-expression of Survivin.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anesthesia , Gansu provincial People's Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , PR China.
authors.forename: Yabing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: b Departments of Medical Record , Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital , Xian, Shaanxi Province , China.
authors.forename: Zhongzhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: c Department of Anesthesia , Jiuquan City People's Hospital of Gansu Provincial, Jiuquan , Gansu Province , PR China.
authors.forename: Shuyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anesthesia , Gansu provincial People's Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , PR China.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anesthesia , Gansu provincial People's Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , PR China.
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anesthesia , Gansu provincial People's Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , PR China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anesthesia , Gansu provincial People's Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , PR China.
authors.forename: Peiyan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D000077022:Survivin
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D000077022:Survivin; D009020:Morphine
keywords: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma; Survivin; morphine; renal cell carcinoma