title: Tenuigenin promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Osteoporosis, which is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density and microarchitectural deterioration of bone quality, is a global and increasing public health problem. Recent studies have suggested that Tenuigenin (TEN), a class of native compounds with numerous biological activities such as anti-resorptive properties, exerts protective effects against postmenopausal bone loss. The present study aims to investigate the osteogenic effects of TEN on bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and in vivo. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity/staining, Alizarin red staining and the expression of osteogenic markers, including runt-related transcription factor 2, osterix, osteocalcin, collagen Iα1, β-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase-3β were investigated in primary femoral BMSCs from C57/BL6 mice cultured under osteogenic conditions for 2 weeks to examine the effects of TEN. An ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model was used to investigate the effect of TEN treatment for 3 months in vivo. We found that ALP activity, mineralized nodules and the expression of osteogenic markers were increased and WNT/β-catenin signaling was enhanced in vitro and in vivo. Bone parameters, including trabecular thickness, trabecular number and bone mineral density were higher in the OVX+TEN group than in control OVX mice. Our results suggest the therapeutic potential of TEN for the treatment of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua-Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xing-Gui
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shou-Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guo-Rong
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Min-Jun
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Fa
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jia-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. sicot_china@163.com.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. gukezhangzhongmin@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhong-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000166:cytology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008954:Models, Biological; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; C479466:Sp7 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; C493220:tenuigenin; D015675:Osteocalcin
keywords: BMSCs; Bone parameters; Osteoporosis; Tenuigenin; WNT/β-catenin signaling