title: Dystonia, myoclonus, and encephalopathy in a single patient: A rare association of moyamoya.
abstract: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare neurovascular disorder which pathologically, is a chronic cerebrovasculopathy. It is characterized by stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the main branches within the circle of Willis with consecutive development of collateral vessels. There are a few cases in the literature which have described movement disorders as a manifestation of MMD; however these have been uncommonly reported in cases of moyamoya syndrome (MMS). We present a 10-year-old boy with dystonia, myoclonus and encephalopathy like features. These features in association with moyamoya, are rarely described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, IPGMER, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Ujjawal
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, IPGMER, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Urmila
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College, Laheriasarai, Bihar, India.
authors.forename: Prabhat Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lal
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002648:Child; D004421:Dystonia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*