title: Impact of Early Nutritional Intake on Preterm Brain: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.
abstract: To investigate the association between early nutritional intake and brain development assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  
  A cohort of neonates born at ≤30 weeks gestational age underwent MRI at term equivalent age. Brain maturation and injury were assessed using the Kidokoro score. Two groups were defined by severity of the scores. The associations between macronutrients intake during the first 2 weeks of life, clinical factors, and imaging scores were analyzed using logistic regression.
  
  
  
  MRI scores from group 1 patients (n = 27) were normal to mildly abnormal (0-5). Group 2 (n = 15) had more abnormal scores (6-12). The median gestational ages (IQR) were 27.4 (1.9) weeks in group 1 and 27.0 (2.9) weeks in group 2, with birth weights of 900 (318) g (group 1) and 844 (293) g (group 2). In group 2, energy, lipid, and carbohydrate intake were significantly lower than in group 1. Group 2 also showed higher rates of sepsis and clinical risk scores than group 1. After adjustments in bivariate models, higher energy and lipid intake remained significantly associated with improved scores on MRI. This association was stronger for the gray matter component of the score.
  
  
  
  Higher energy and lipid intake during the first 2 weeks after birth was associated with a lower incidence of brain lesions and dysmaturation at term equivalent age in preterm neonates.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neonatology, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Chrétien, Site St-Vincent, Rocourt, Belgium.
authors.forename: Lydie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beauport
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neonatology, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Biostatitics, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faouzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Patric
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hagmann
authors.affiliation: Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Petra S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Hüppi
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neonatology, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Tolsa
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neonatology, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anita C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Truttmann
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neonatology, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: celine-julie.fischer@chuv.ch.
authors.forename: Céline J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fischer Fumeaux
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004035:Diet Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D047929:Term Birth
keywords: Kidokoro score; brain development; brain maturation; growth; lipids; macronutrients; neonate; nutrients; nutrition; preterm brain injury; preterm infant