title: Main Effects of Diagnoses, Brain Regions, and their Interaction Effects for Cerebral Metabolites in Bipolar and Unipolar Depressive Disorders.
abstract: Previous studies suggested patients with bipolar depressive disorder (BDd) or unipolar depressive disorder (UDd) have cerebral metabolites abnormalities. These abnormalities may stem from multiple sub-regions of gray matter in brain regions. Thirteen BDd patients, 20 UDd patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled to investigate these abnormalities. Absolute concentrations of 5 cerebral metabolites (glutamate-glutamine (Glx), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), creatine (Cr), parietal cortex (PC)) were measured from 4 subregions (the medial frontal cortex (mPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and parietal cortex (PC)) of gray matter. Main and interaction effects of cerebral metabolites across subregions of gray matter were evaluated. For example, the Glx was significantly higher in BDd compared with UDd, and so on. As the interaction analyses showed, some interaction effects existed. The concentrations of BDds' Glx, Cho, Cr in the ACC and HCs' mI and Cr in the PC were higher than that of other interaction effects. In addition, the concentrations of BDds' Glx and Cr in the PC and HCs' mI in the ACC were statistically significant lower than that of other interaction effects. These findings point to region-related abnormalities of cerebral metabolites across subjects with BDd and UDd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Computer Applications, Shantou University Medical College, Shanou, 515041, China.|Southern China Center for Statistical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Zhu
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.|Mental Health Center; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Southern China Center for Statistical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.|Department of Statistical Science, School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Chen-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Tian
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Southern China Center for Statistical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.|Department of Statistical Science, School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Southern China Center for Statistical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.|Department of Statistical Science, School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Can-Hong
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Computer Applications, Shantou University Medical College, Shanou, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Center; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China.
authors.forename: Yin-Nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Center; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Center; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China.
authors.forename: Chong-Tao
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.|Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Guangdong, Shantou, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Ren-Hua
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Southern China Center for Statistical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.|Department of Statistical Science, School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.|Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Qin
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007294:Inositol / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005973:Glutamine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D007294:Inositol; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline