title: Qualitative assessment of simulation-based training for pediatric trauma resuscitation.
abstract: Effective teamwork is critical in the trauma bay, although there is a lack of consensus related to optimal training for these skills. We implemented in situ trauma simulations with debriefing as a possible training methodology to improve team-oriented skills.
  
  
  
  Focus groups were conducted with multidisciplinary clinicians who respond to trauma activations. The focus group questions were intended to elicit discussion on the clinicians' experiences during trauma activations and simulations with an emphasis on confidence, leadership, cooperation, communication, and opportunities for improvement. Thematic content analysis was conducted using Atlas.ti analytical software.
  
  
  
  Ten focus groups were held with a total of 55 clinicians. Qualitative analysis of focus group feedback revealed the following selected themes: characteristics of a strong leader during a trauma, factors impacting trauma team members' confidence, and effective communication as a key component during trauma response. Participants recommended continued simulations to enhance trauma team trust and efficiency.
  
  
  
  Clinicians responding to pediatric trauma resuscitations valued the practice they received during trauma simulations and supported the continuation of the simulations to improve trauma activation teamwork and communication. Findings will inform the development of future simulation-based training programs to improve teamwork, confidence, and communication between trauma team members.
authors.affiliation: Trauma Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Rita V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.affiliation: Trauma Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Natalie E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Demeter
authors.affiliation: Trauma Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Goodhue
authors.affiliation: Trauma Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Roesly
authors.affiliation: Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Alyssa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rake
authors.affiliation: Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: L Caulette
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Todd P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Trauma Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cleek
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.affiliation: Trauma Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Upperman
authors.affiliation: Trauma Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address: ajensen@chla.usc.edu.
authors.forename: Aaron R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002648:Child; D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team; D016544:Patient Simulation; D010372:Pediatrics; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000193:education*; D014193:Trauma Centers; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*