title: Pregnancy related anxiety and general anxious or depressed mood and the choice for birth setting: a secondary data-analysis of the DELIVER study.
abstract: In several developed countries women with a low risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth can make choices regarding place of birth. In the Netherlands, these women receive midwife-led care and can choose between a home or hospital birth. The declining rate of midwife-led home births alongside the recent debate on safety of home births in the Netherlands, however, suggest an association of choice of birth place with psychological factors related to safety and risk perception. In this study associations of pregnancy related anxiety and general anxious or depressed mood with (changes in) planned place of birth were explored in low risk women in midwife-led care until the start of labour.
  
  
  
  Data (n = 2854 low risk women in midwife-led care at the onset of labour) were selected from the prospective multicenter DELIVER study. Women completed the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R) to assess pregnancy related anxiety and the EuroQol-6D (EQ-6D) for an anxious and/or depressed mood.
  
  
  
  A high PRAQ-R score was associated with planned hospital birth in nulliparous (aOR 1.92; 95% CI 1.32-2.81) and parous women (aOR 2.08; 95% CI 1.55-2.80). An anxious or depressed mood was associated with planned hospital birth (aOR 1.58; 95% CI 1.20-2.08) and with being undecided (aOR 1.99; 95% CI 1.23-2.99) in parous women only. The majority of women did not change their planned place of birth. Changing from an initially planned home birth to a hospital birth later in pregnancy was, however, associated with becoming anxious or depressed after 35 weeks gestation in nulliparous women (aOR 4.17; 95% CI 1.35-12.89) and with pregnancy related anxiety at 20 weeks gestation in parous women (aOR 3.91; 95% CI 1.32-11.61).
  
  
  
  Low risk women who planned hospital birth (or who were undecided) more often reported pregnancy related anxiety or an anxious or depressed mood. Women who changed from home to hospital birth during pregnancy more often reported pregnancy related anxiety or an anxious or depressed mood in late pregnancy. Anxiety should be adequately addressed in the process of informed decision-making regarding planned place of birth in low risk women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. a.witteveen@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Witteveen
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Cock
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Huizink
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Jonge
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Klomp
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Westerneng
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Geerts
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003657:Decision Making; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology; D008880:Midwifery; D009426:Netherlands; D036801:Parturition / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000523:psychology*; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anxiety; Midwife-led care; Mood; Planned place of birth; Pregnancy