title: Effects of ginger and its pungent constituents on transient receptor potential channels.
abstract: Ginger extract is used as an analeptic in herbal medicine and has been reported to exert antioxidant effects. Transient receptor potential (TRP) canonical 5 (TRPC5), TRP cation channel, subfamily M, member 7 (TRPM7; melastatin 7), and TRP cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1; ankyrin 1) are non-selective cation channels that are modulated by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and subsequently control various cellular processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether ginger and its pungent constituents modulate these channels and exert antioxidant effects. It was found that TRPC5 and TRPA1 currents were modulated by ginger extract and by its pungent constituents, [6]-gingerol, zingerone and [6]-shogaol. In particular, [6]-shogaol markedly and dose-dependently inhibited TRPC5 currents with an IC50 of value of ~18.3 µM. Furthermore, the strong dose-dependent activation of TRPA1 currents by [6]-shogaol was abolished by A‑967079 (a selective TRPA1 inhibitor). However, ginger extract and its pungent constituents had no effect on TRPM7 currents. These results suggest the antioxidant effects of ginger extract and its pungent constituents are mediated through TRPC5 and TRPA1, and that [6]-shogaol is predominantly responsible for the regulation of TRPC5 and TRPA1 currents by ginger extract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chan Sik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Weon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Dongguk University, College of Medicine, Kyungju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joo Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center (HAKMRC), Pusan National University, School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Joo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; D050052:TRPC Cation Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; C473350:TRPA1 protein, human; D050052:TRPC Cation Channels; C491780:TRPC5 protein, human; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels