title: Mental Health of Transgender Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan Conflicts Who Experienced Military Sexual Trauma.
abstract: Little is known about military sexual trauma (MST) in transgender veterans. To address this gap, we examined archival data regarding transgender veterans from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. There were 332 transgender veterans treated at the Veterans Health Administration between 2000 and 2013 (78 men, 254 women; mean age 33.86 years), with most being non-Hispanic White. Transgender status and mental health conditions were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 9thRevision (ICD-9; World Health Organization, 1980) codes and chart review. Men and women were analyzed separately, using contingency tables and χ2testing for categorical variables and t tests for continuous variables. Likelihood of having a mental health condition and MST were examined using logistic regression. Among the 15% of participants who experienced MST, MST was associated with the likelihood of posttraumatic stress disorder, adjusted OR = 6.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.22, 30.44] and personality disorder, OR = 3.86, 95% CI [1.05, 14.22] for men and with depressive, OR = 3.33, 95% CI [1.12, 9.93], bipolar, OR = 2.87, 95% CI [1.12, 7.44], posttraumatic stress, OR = 2.42, [1.11, 5.24], and personality disorder, OR = 4.61, 95% CI [2.02, 10.52] for women. Implications include that medical forms should include gender identity and biological gender and that MST treatment should be culturally competent.
authors.affiliation: VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education & Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.|VA HSR & D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, Texas, USA.|Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Jan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.affiliation: Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.|Mental Health Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.|Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Colt
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keo-Meier
authors.affiliation: VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education & Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.|VA HSR & D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, Texas, USA.|Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Sonora
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.affiliation: VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education & Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.|VA HSR & D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, Texas, USA.|Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walder
authors.affiliation: VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education & Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.|VA HSR & D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, Texas, USA.|Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsey A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education & Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.|VA HSR & D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, Texas, USA.|Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kauth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055826:Afghan Campaign 2001-; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression; D005260:Female; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D063106:Transgender Persons / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States; D014493:United States Department of Veterans Affairs; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data