title: Practical Photocatalytic Trifluoromethylation and Hydrotrifluoromethylation of Styrenes in Batch and Flow.
abstract: Styrenes represent a challenging class of substrates for current radical trifluoromethylation and hydrotrifluoromethylation methods due to a myriad of potential side reactions. Herein, we describe the development of mild, selective and broadly applicable photocatalytic trifluoromethylation and hydrotrifluoromethylation protocols for these challenging substrates. The methods use fac-Ir(ppy)3, visible light and inexpensive CF3I and can be applied to a diverse set of vinylarene substrates. The use of continuous-flow photochemical reaction conditions allowed to reduce the reaction time and increase the reaction selectivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Natan J W
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Straathof
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sten E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Cramer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hessel
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noël
keywords: continuous flow; hydrotrifluoromethylation; microreactor; photoredox catalysis; trifluoromethylation