title: Feeding of nano scale oats β-glucan enhances the host resistance against Edwardsiella tarda and protective immune modulation in zebrafish larvae.
abstract: In this study, we prepared and characterized the oats origin of nano scale β-glucan (NBG) and investigated the immunomodulatory properties in zebrafish larvae. Newly prepared NBG (average particle size of 465 nm) was fully soluble in water. Zebrafish larvae survival rate was increased against pathogenic bacteria Edwardsiella tarda, when NBG was added to the water (500 μg/mL) compared to NBG non-exposed controls. Moreover, quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed up-regulation of immune functional genes including TNF-α, IL-1β, β-defensin, lysozyme, IL 10, IL 12 and C-Rel indicating higher survival rate could be due to stronger immunomodulatory function of NBG (500 μg/mL). Thus, non-toxic, water soluble and biodegradable NBG from oats could be considered as the potential immunostimulant for larval aquaculture.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: R M C
authors.initials: RMC
authors.lastname: Udayangani
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S H S
authors.initials: SHS
authors.lastname: Dananjaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa (I), Italy.
authors.forename: Baldassare
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fronte
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol-Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jehee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243 Republic of Korea. Electronic address: mahanama@cnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Mahanama
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Zoysa
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D020609:Edwardsiella tarda / Q000502:physiology; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000276:immunology*; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D047071:beta-Glucans; C067858:beta-glucan, (1-3)(1-4)-
keywords: Bio-degradable; Edwardsiella tarda; Immunostimulant; Nano-scale beta glucan (NBG)