title: Interaction between DRD2 variation and sound environment on mood and emotion-related brain activity.
abstract: Sounds, like music and noise, are capable of reliably affecting individuals' mood and emotions. However, these effects are highly variable across individuals. A putative source of variability is genetic background. Here we explored the interaction between a functional polymorphism of the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2 rs1076560, G>T, previously associated with the relative expression of D2S/L isoforms) and sound environment on mood and emotion-related brain activity. Thirty-eight healthy subjects were genotyped for DRD2 rs1076560 (G/G=26; G/T=12) and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during performance of an implicit emotion-processing task while listening to music or noise. Individual variation in mood induction was assessed before and after the task. Results showed mood improvement after music exposure in DRD2GG subjects and mood deterioration after noise exposure in GT subjects. Moreover, the music, as opposed to noise environment, decreased the striatal activity of GT subjects as well as the prefrontal activity of GG subjects while processing emotional faces. These findings suggest that genetic variability of dopamine receptors affects sound environment modulations of mood and emotion processing.
authors.affiliation: Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Quarto
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy; Center for Music in the Brain (MIB), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fasano
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taurisano
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fazio
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy; Department of Education Science, Psychology and Communication Science, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Antonucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gelao
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Porcelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Masellis
authors.affiliation: The Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Pallesen
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bertolino
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blasi
authors.affiliation: Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Center for Music in the Brain (MIB), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Aarhus, Denmark. Electronic address: elvira.brattico@clin.au.dk.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brattico
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009146:Music / Q000523:psychology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C581293:DRD2 protein, human; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2
keywords: dopamine; fMRI; inferior frontal gyrus; music; striatum/nucleus accumbens