title: In Vitro Exposure to Increasing Micafungin Concentrations Easily Promotes Echinocandin Resistance in Candida glabrata Isolates.
abstract: We assessed the in vitro susceptibility of five echinocandin-susceptible Candida glabrata isolates after exposure to micafungin. The direct exposure to plates at different micafungin concentrations resulted in the inhibition of growth at 0.062 μg/ml. The progressive exposure was performed on plates using 0.031 μg/ml of micafungin and sequential propagation on plates containing the next 2-fold concentration; the MICs of micafungin and anidulafungin increased sequentially, and all the isolates became echinocandin resistant, showing fks2 mutations.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María Ángeles
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Bordallo-Cardona
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain pilar.escribano.martos@gmail.com jguineaortega@yahoo.es.|Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Escribano
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Biomédica, Madrid, Spain.|Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Elia Gómez G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: de la Pedrosa
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura Judith
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Marcos-Zambrano
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Biomédica, Madrid, Spain.|Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cantón
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.|CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06/06/0058), Madrid, Spain.|Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bouza
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain pilar.escribano.martos@gmail.com jguineaortega@yahoo.es.|Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.|CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06/06/0058), Madrid, Spain.|Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7901-8355
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guinea
mesh_terms: D000077612:Anidulafungin; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D041221:Candida glabrata / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077551:Micafungin; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D000077612:Anidulafungin; D000077551:Micafungin
keywords: Candida glabrata; FKS; echinocandin; fks mutation; micafungin