title: Development, comparison and application of sorbent-assisted accelerated solvent extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments.
abstract: Fast and selective analytical methods were developed based on sorbent-assisted mechanism and microwave-assisted extraction (SA-MAE), accelerate solvent extraction (SA-ASE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (SA-UAE) for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediments. The experimental parameters, such as extraction conditions and sorbent amounts, were optimized according to Taguchi Orthogonal Arrays. The accuracy of developed SA-methods was a satisfactory ranging from 71% to 118%. The inter/intra-day RSDs were <10% indicating a good method precision. The limits of quantification (LOQ) for target BDEs were ≤1.0ng/g dry weight (dw) with an exception of BDE 209 which was 10.0ng/g dw. The proposed methods were validated by the analysis of PBDEs in standard reference materials (SRM 1944) and the method performances were compared with each other. The results approved the feasibility of SA-methods for PBDEs analysis in sediments. Meanwhile, the optimization processes indicated the mixed sorbents mainly worked on matrix effects elimination. The compositions of sorbents deserved careful optimization because different characteristics of the matrix and extraction intensity may produce various matrix effects. In addition, the developed SA-ASE method was successfully applied on real environmental samples collected from a typical polluted area. The data and calculation suggested local environmental contamination pattern and potential pollution source.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Shanjun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address: shaomw@nim.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Mingwu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yajuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Liliang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Jiajia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008872:Microwaves; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012997:Solvents; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012997:Solvents; C010902:decabromobiphenyl ether
keywords: Accelerated solvent extraction; Microwave-assisted extraction; PBDEs; Sorbent-assisted; Ultrasonic-assisted extraction