title: Peptide-rich venom from the spider Heteropoda venatoria potently inhibits insect voltage-gated sodium channels.
abstract: Heteropoda venatoria is a venomous spider species distributed worldwide and has a characteristic habit of feeding on insects. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analyses revealed that H. venatoria venom contains hundreds of peptides with a predominant molecular weights of 3000-5000 Da. Intra-abdominal injection of the venom had severe toxic effects on cockroaches and caused death at higher concentrations. The LD50was 28.18 μg/g of body weight in the cockroach. It was found that the venom had potent inhibitory effect on voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) in Periplaneta americana cockroach dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons with an IC50values of 6.25 ± 0.02 μg/mL. However, 100 μg/mL venom only partially blocked VGSC currents in rat dorsal root ganglion cells, a much lower inhibitory effect than that on DUM VGSCs. Our results indicate that the venom of H. venatoria contains diverse neurotoxins that might become new leads for bioinsecticides.
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
authors.forename: Yazhou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
authors.forename: Xinzhou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
authors.forename: Zhigui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
authors.forename: Minzhi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
authors.forename: Athar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farooq
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China; The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
authors.forename: Songping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China; The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. Electronic address: liuzh@hunnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003058:Cockroaches / Q000187:drug effects; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013111:Spider Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013112:Spiders; D061567:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D013111:Spider Venoms; D061567:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers
keywords: Dorsal unpaired median neurons; H. venatoria venom; Insecticides; Voltage-gated sodium channels