title: Spinal sagittal balance and spinopelvic parameters in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis; a comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to evaluate the spinal sagittal balance and the spinopelvic parameters in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and healthy controls in Iranian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a case-control study in which 48 patients with lumbar spine stenosis and 54 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects with back pain were eligible for participation. We used INFINITT picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) of the Chamran Hospital for selecting the patients for the study group. The sagittal balance, pelvic incidence, lumbar lordosis, and sacral slope were measured in all the patients and controls using thoracolumbosacral radiographies in the standing position.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the baseline characteristics. The prevalence of sagittal imbalance was significantly higher in the patients with lumbar spine stenosis in comparison with the controls (31.2% vs. 14.8%; P<0.001). The sacral slope was significantly lower in patients with lumbar canal stenosis than the healthy controls (31.39°±11.2 vs. 43.7°±8.4; P<0.001). The lumbar lordosis was significantly lower in patients with lumbar canal stenosis than the controls (31.27°±12.4 vs. 45.8°±10.7; P < 0.001). The pelvic incidence was not significantly different between the 2 groups (50.16°±11.9 vs. 52°±9.6; P=0.342).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The degenerative lumbar canal stenosis is associated with increased sagittal imbalance and decreased lumbar lordosis and sacral slope in a sample of the Iranian adult population.
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Neurosurgery Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Farrokhi
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haghnegahdar
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Neurosurgery Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: snrc.sums@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rezaee
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Neurosurgery Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sharifi Rad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001416:Back Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013121:Spinal Curvatures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: Lumbar lordosis; Lumbar spine stenosis; Pelvic incidence; Sacral slope; Sagittal balance; Spinopelvic parameters