title: Pathogenesis and clinical presentation of rosacea as a key for a symptom-oriented therapy.
abstract: Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder that typically occurs in adults and affects the face. Synonyms of rosacea include "acne rosacea", "couperose" and "facial erythrosis", in German also "Kupferfinne" and "Rotfinne". The disorder is characterised by a chronic and flaring course and is caused by a genetically predisposed, multifactorial process. A higher incidence is seen in people with fair skin and a positive family history. The characteristic rosacea symptoms manifest primarily, but not exclusively centrofacially, with forehead, nose, chin and cheeks significantly affected. Based on the various main symptoms a classification of the individual clinical pictures can be performed. However, a classification often does not reflect the clinical reality, since the various symptoms commonly coexist. The present review provides an introduction on pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of rosacea and prefers a symptom-oriented therapy approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reinholz
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ruzicka
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and UCD Charles Institute for Translational Dermatology, University College Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steinhoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schaller
authors.affiliation: Centre for Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychosomatic Dermatology, University Hospital Gießen, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gieler
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schöfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Homey
authors.affiliation: Centre for Dermatology, Allergology and Dermatologic Surgery, Helios Kliniken Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Luger
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005148:Facial Dermatoses / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000379:methods*; D012393:Rosacea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D063189:Symptom Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome