title: Neuroimaging of Children With Surgically Treated Hydrocephalus: A Practical Approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Children with surgically treated hydrocephalus commonly undergo multiple neuroimaging studies. The purpose of this article is to share an experience with use of the as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle to guide the imaging approach to these patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A reasonably achievable strategy for minimizing ionizing radiation in patients with surgically treated hydrocephalus includes rapid-sequence MRI and judicious use of dose-optimized head CT. Rapid-sequence MRI is particularly useful in the care of patients who have undergone endoscopic third ventriculostomy.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115.
authors.forename: Caroline D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Robson
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: MacDougall
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Benjamin C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Warf
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115.
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Robertson
mesh_terms: D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014696:Ventriculostomy
keywords: CT; MRI; endoscopic third ventriculostomy; hydrocephalus; shunt