title: Comorbidity in Adult Patients Hospitalized with Type 2 Diabetes in Northeast China: An Analysis of Hospital Discharge Data from 2002 to 2013.
abstract: This study aims to evaluate the comorbidity burden and patterns among adult patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Northeast China using hospital discharge data derived from the electronic medical record database between 2002 and 2013. 12.8% of 4,400,892 inpatients aged ≥18 had a diagnosis of T2DM. Sex differences in prevalence varied among those aged <50, 50-59, and ≥60. Twenty-seven diseases were determined as major comorbidities of T2DM. Essential hypertension was the most common comorbidity of T2DM (absolute cooccurrence risk, 58.4%), while T2DM was also the most popular comorbidity of essential hypertension. Peripheral and visceral atherosclerosis showed the strongest association (relative cooccurrence risk, RCoR 4.206). For five leading comorbidities among patients aged ≥40, male patients had a stronger association with disorders of lipid metabolism than female patients (RCoR 2.779 versus 2.099), and female patients had a stronger association with chronic renal failure than male patients (RCoR 2.461 versus 2.155). Leading comorbidities, except chronic renal failure, had declining associations with T2DM with increased age. Collectively, hospital discharge data can be used to estimate disease prevalence and identify comorbidities. The findings provided comprehensive information on comorbidity patterns, helping policy makers and programs in public health domains to estimate and evaluate the epidemic of chronic diseases.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2256-0861
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Yaoyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, and Metabolism, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, and Metabolism, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chunxiu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Yonghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kuan
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4195-1198
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Health Information Center, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Shiping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China; School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0807-1407
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5274-4672
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003625:Data Collection; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D057286:Electronic Health Records; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010351:Patient Discharge; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult