title: Cognitive Vulnerabilities to Depression for Adolescents in Single-Mother and Two-Parent Families.
abstract: Although research consistently suggests that adolescents in single-mother families are at increased risk for depression, the mechanisms that explain this relationship are unclear. In a community sample of adolescents (N = 368; ages 12-16; 50 % female; 50 % White) and their mothers (42 % single), adolescents completed measures of depressive symptoms, rumination, and depressogenic inferential style at baseline and two yearly follow-ups. Mothers reported on stressful events that occurred in the child's life from birth until baseline. Adolescents raised by single mothers, relative to partnered mothers, experienced more childhood stressors and higher rumination levels at 1-year follow-up. Additionally, higher rumination mediated the relationship between single motherhood and greater youth depressive symptoms at the 2-year follow-up. Clinical implications and developmental considerations are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA. issar.daryanani@temple.edu.
authors.forename: Issar
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4427-935X
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Daryanani
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
authors.forename: Brae Anne
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: McArthur
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W. Johnson St., Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Lyn Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Abramson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Alloy
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D015406:Single Parent / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Adolescence; Depression; Depressogenic inferential style; Rumination; Single mother