title: Determinants of disinfectant use among nurses in U.S. healthcare facilities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Disinfectant use among healthcare workers has been associated with respiratory disorders, especially asthma. We aimed to describe disinfectants used by U.S. nurses, and to investigate qualitative and quantitative differences according to workplace characteristics and region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Disinfectant use was assessed by questionnaire in 8,851 nurses. Hospital characteristics were obtained from the American Hospital Association database.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Working in a hospital was associated with higher disinfectant use (OR: 2.06 [95%CI: 1.89-2.24]), but lower spray use (0.74 [0.66-0.82]). Nurses working in smaller hospitals (<50 beds vs. ≥200 beds) were more likely to use disinfectants (1.69 [1.23-2.32]) and sprays (1.69 [1.20-2.38]). Spray use was lower in the West than in the Northeast (0.75 [0.58-0.97]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disinfectant use was more common among nurses working in smaller hospitals, possibly because they perform more diverse tasks. Variations in spray use by hospital size and region suggest additional targets for future efforts to prevent occupational asthma. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:131-140, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France.|Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny le Bretonneux, France.
authors.forename: Orianne
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dumas
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Aleta S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Wiley
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Health Division National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia.
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Henneberger
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Frank E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Speizer
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jan-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zock
authors.affiliation: INSERM, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France.|Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny le Bretonneux, France.
authors.forename: Raphaëlle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varraso
authors.affiliation: INSERM, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France.|Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny le Bretonneux, France.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le Moual
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Krislyn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Boggs
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.|Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Camargo
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000438:Alcohols; D004202:Disinfectants; D004203:Disinfection; D005260:Female; D006276:Health Facility Size; D006306:Health Surveys; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000438:Alcohols; D004202:Disinfectants; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
keywords: cleaning products; disinfectants; healthcare workers; hospital; occupational asthma