title: Effects of argon plasma coagulation on human stomach tissue: An ex vivo study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Argon plasma coagulation (APC) is a safe alternative treatment for gastrointestinal neoplasms and precancerous lesions. However, the extent of thermal damage after APC is difficult to predict. We investigated the effects of APC on human stomach tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Argon plasma coagulation was performed on 10 freshly resected human stomachs that were obtained after total gastrectomy. The effects on tissue were compared across power settings (40, 60, and 80 W), durations (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 s), and between injection (submucosal injection of normal saline) and control (without injection) groups. Success was defined as complete mucosal necrosis without damaging the muscularis propria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Without submucosal injection, the incidence of damaging the muscularis propria increased as the power and duration increased. Tissue damage in the injection group was mostly confined to the submucosa, even when using the high-power setting. In the injection group, ablations at 40 W for 20 s, 60 W for 15 s, and 80 W for 15 or 20 s produced success rates ≥80%. In the control group, ablations at 60 W for 10 s, and 80 W for 5, or 10 s produced success rates ≥80%. The optimal energy levels to achieve complete mucosal and submucosal necrosis without damaging the muscularis propria were 800-1600 and 600-800 J in the injection and control groups, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of APC produces good results with a low risk of perforation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jeong
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hwoon-Yong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Kyong
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kee Wook
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Do Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kee Don
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ho June
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Gin Hyug
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D057908:Argon Plasma Coagulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride
keywords: ablation techniques; argon plasma coagulation; gastric neoplasm