title: Cryopreservation: Evolution of Molecular Based Strategies.
abstract: Cryopreservation (CP) is an enabling process providing for on-demand access to biological material (cells and tissues) which serve as a starting, intermediate or even final product. While a critical tool, CP protocols, approaches and technologies have evolved little over the last several decades. A lack of conversion of discoveries from the CP sciences into mainstream utilization has resulted in a bottleneck in technological progression in areas such as stem cell research and cell therapy. While the adoption has been slow, discoveries including molecular control and buffering of cell stress response to CP as well as the development of new devices for improved sample freezing and thawing are providing for improved CP from both the processing and sample quality perspectives. Numerous studies have described the impact, mechanisms and points of control of cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death (CIDOCD). In an effort to limit CIDOCD, efforts have focused on CP agent and freeze media formulation to provide a solution path and have yielded improvements in survival over traditional approaches. Importantly, each of these areas, new technologies and cell stress modulation, both individually and in combination, are now providing a new foundation to accelerate new research, technology and product development for which CP serves as an integral component. This chapter provides an overview of the molecular stress responses of cells to cryopreservation, the impact of the hypothermic and cell death continuums and the targeted modulation of common and/or cell specific responses to CP in providing a path to improving cell quality.
authors.affiliation: CPSI Biotech, 2 Court St, Owego, NY, 13827, USA. jmbaust@cpsibiotech.com.|Institute of Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA. jmbaust@cpsibiotech.com.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Baust
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Corwin
authors.affiliation: CPSI Biotech, 2 Court St, Owego, NY, 13827, USA.|Institute of Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
authors.forename: Kristi K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.affiliation: CPSI Biotech, 2 Court St, Owego, NY, 13827, USA.|Institute of Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.|Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van Buskirk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.|Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Baust
mesh_terms: D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005615:Freezing; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011786:Quality Control; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide
keywords: Apoptosis; Biopreservation; Cell Storage; Cryopreservation; Cryopreservation induced cell death; Improved survival; Molecular control; Necroptosis; Thawing