title: Nephropleural Fistula Effectively Managed with Serial Thoracentesis: A Case Report.
abstract: Nephropleural fistulae are rare but serious thoracic complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Herein, we present the management of a 54-year-old female with a delayed presentation of nephropleural fistula. The role of serial thoracentesis as a safe, less invasive, less painful alternative to tube thoracostomy is highlighted. In select cases, this may represent an attractive management strategy for nephropleural fistula after PCNL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Aaron D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Baugh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Eslam
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Youssef
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Syed Shafae
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Nauman Saleem
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Haitham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elsamoloty
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shahrour
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Toseef
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Javaid
keywords: complications; nephrolithotomy; nephropleural fistula; tube thoracotomy; urinothorax