title: Global gene expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells challenged with Theileria annulata in crossbred and indigenous cattle.
abstract: Bovine tropical theileriosis is an important haemoprotozoan disease associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality particularly in exotic and crossbred cattle. It is one of the major constraints of the livestock development programmes in India and Southeast Asia. Indigenous cattle (Bos indicus) are reported to be comparatively less affected than exotic and crossbred cattle. However, genetic basis of resistance to tropical theileriosis in indigenous cattle is not well documented. Recent studies incited an idea that differentially expressed genes in exotic and indigenous cattle play significant role in breed specific resistance to tropical theileriosis. The present study was designed to determine the global gene expression profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from indigenous (Tharparkar) and cross-bred cattle following in vitro infection of T. annulata (Parbhani strain). Two separate microarray experiments were carried out each for cross-bred and Tharparkar cattle. The cross-bred cattle showed 1082 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Out of total DEGs, 597 genes were down-regulated and 485 were up-regulated. Their fold change varied from 2283.93 to -4816.02. Tharparkar cattle showed 875 differentially expressed genes including 451 down-regulated and 424 up-regulated. The fold change varied from 94.93 to -19.20. A subset of genes was validated by qRT-PCR and results were correlated well with microarray data indicating that microarray results provided an accurate report of transcript level. Functional annotation study of DEGs confirmed their involvement in various pathways including response to oxidative stress, immune system regulation, cell proliferation, cytoskeletal changes, kinases activity and apoptosis. Gene network analysis of these DEGs plays an important role to understand the interaction among genes. It is therefore, hypothesized that the different susceptibility to tropical theileriosis exhibited by indigenous and crossbred cattle is due to breed-specific differences in the dealing of infected cells with other immune cells, which ultimately influence the immune response responded against T. annulata infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Amod
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India. Electronic address: gyanendrakg@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gyanendra Kumar
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Gaur
authors.affiliation: Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India. Electronic address: gandham71@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ravi Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Gandham
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Manjit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panigrahi
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Shrikant
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Saravanan
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Bharat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bhushan
authors.affiliation: Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Ashok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Sourabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sulabh
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Bhuvana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Priya
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Muhasin Asaf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: V N
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Jay Prakash
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Sajad Ahmad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.affiliation: Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Amit Ranjan
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sahu
authors.affiliation: Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Aditya Prasad
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sahoo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016796:Theileria annulata / Q000276:immunology*; D013801:Theileriasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
keywords: Crossbred; Microarray; Tharparkar cattle; Theileria annulata