title: Removal of foreign bodies embedded in the urinary bladder wall by a combination of laparoscopy and carbon dioxide cystoscopic assistance: Case report and literature review.
abstract: To report a case of combined laparoscopic and carbon dioxide partial cystectomy and foreign body removal and to review the existing literature on the topic.
  
  
  
  A 43-year-old Asian woman was found to have an intrauterine device embedded in the bladder wall during evaluation for chronic pelvic pain and urinary tract infection. She underwent cystoscopic-laparoscopic partial cystectomy, with an uncomplicated postoperative course. She had normal renal function during the follow-up period. This case demonstrates the possibility and safety of performing cystoscopic-laparoscopic partial cystectomy for the removal of a partially implanted intravesical foreign body.
  
  
  
  The patient recovered without incident and was discharged 7 days after surgery. No abnormalities were noted in the urine output or renal function in the postoperative follow-up period. No complications due to retrograde flow of carbon dioxide up the ureters or air embolism were noted during the procedure or postoperatively.
  
  
  
  The combination of laparoscopy and air cystoscopy has been shown to be an optimal method for retracting foreign bodies embedded in the bladder wall. Also, air cystoscopy can be used to give doctors a better view in cases in which vision is compromised under water-contrast cystoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis And Treatment Center, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chengyue
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis And Treatment Center, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis And Treatment Center, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis And Treatment Center, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis And Treatment Center, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shiliang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis And Treatment Center, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: Cystoscopy; Intrauterine devices; Laparoscopy; Urinary bladder calculi