title: A tonsillectomy increased the risk of chronic rhinosinusitis among children: A three-year follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to estimate the risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) among children who had undergone a tonsillectomy by utilizing a cohort study based on a population-based database.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for this retrospective cohort study were sourced from the Taiwan "Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000". We included 202 children who had undergone a tonsillectomy as the study group and 2020 sex- and age-matched children as the comparison group. We used stratified Cox proportional hazard regressions to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for CRS during the 3-year follow-up period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 2222 sampled children, the incidence rate of CRS during the 3-year follow-up period was 3.2 (95% CI = 2.0-4.8) 1000 person-years; 18.2 (95% CI = 9.1-32.5) per 1000 person-years and 1.7 (95% CI = 0.8-3.0) per 1000 person-years for the study and comparison group, respectively. The stratified Cox proportional analysis showed that the adjusted hazard ratio for CRS during the 3-year follow-up period was 8.28 (95% CI = 3.24-21.16) for children who had undergone a tonsillectomy than comparison patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated that the risk of developing CRS is significantly increased among children who have undergone a tonsillectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics, College of Informatics, Yuan-Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan; Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shiu-Dong
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Herng-Ching
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chuan-Song
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Ting
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: seedturtle@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shih-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*
keywords: Chronic rhinosinusitis; Epidemiology; Tonsillectomy