title: Late Wall Thickening and Calcification in Patients After Kawasaki Disease.
abstract: To evaluate the relationship between the initial diameters of the coronary arteries immediately after the onset of Kawasaki disease (KD) and late increased coronary wall thickening/coronary artery calcification (CAC).
  
  
  
  Sixty-five patients (50 males and 15 females) who had undergone selective coronary angiography (CAG) <100 days after the onset of KD were studied late in disease by dual-source computed tomography (DSCT). The maximum diameters of each segment were measured in the initial CAGs, and the relationship between the maximum diameters and the appearance of increased wall thickening/CAC was analyzed. The study cohort was divided into 2 groups: the branches group (BG) and bifurcation at the left coronary artery (LCA) group. The cutoff point of acute coronary artery dilatation for increased wall thickening/CAC was calculated for each group. Risk factors for the appearance of CAC in each group were investigated, as was the sex difference related to the prevalence of CAC in coronary artery lesions (CALs) of the initial CAGs.
  
  
  
  The cutoff points of acute coronary dilatation for increased wall thickening were 4.8 mm in the BG (n = 344; area under the curve [AUC], 0.89; P < .001) and 5.3 mm in the LCA group (n = 65; AUC, 0.87; P < .001). The interval from the onset of KD (P < .0001) and sex (P = .0084) were also related to the appearance of CAC in the BG.
  
  
  
  Acute coronary dilatation of exceeding ~5.0 mm can lead to late abnormalities of the coronary artery wall. The prevalence of CAC increases with age. There was a sex-based difference in the late incidence of CAC in the CALs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan. Electronic address: tsujiin@naramed-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsujii
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan.
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Suzu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanzaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurosaki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Kawasaki disease; computed tomography angiography; coronary artery calcification; coronary artery lesion; dual-source computed tomography