title: Roles of reactive oxygen species in cell signaling pathways and immune responses to viral infections.
abstract: Several biological processes as well as infectious agents, physiological or environmental stress, and perturbed antioxidant response can promote oxidative stress. Oxidative stress usually happens when cells are exposed to more electrically charged reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H2O2or O2-. ROS are well known for being both beneficial and deleterious. Recent studies have indicated that ROS are deleterious to cells, leading to programmed cell death (PCD) at high concentrations. At low concentrations, however, ROS can act as signaling molecules in a variety of cellular processes. In this review, we present an update of our current understanding of the role and regulation of reactive oxygen species in various viral infections, cellular signaling pathways and immune responses. We then discuss how the antioxidant defense system acts as an antiviral effector to limit cell damage.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Juye Street 4899, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China.|Sinovet (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kaituo Road 5, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China.
authors.forename: Zhenguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Jiangyan Animal Health Inspection Institute, Jiangguan Road 251, Taizhou, 225529, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Level 2 Laboratory of Medical Animal of Jilin Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Juye Street 4899, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Minghui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Juye Street 4899, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Jiangke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Juye Street 4899, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Shipeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Sinovet (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kaituo Road 5, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China. wuhua@sinovetah.com.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species