title: Immune activation- and regulation-related patterns in stable hand transplant recipients.
abstract: We assessed cell subsets and expression of a set of genes related to the T-cell populations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells to elucidate whether immune status of stable hand transplant recipients (HTx) differs from stable kidney transplant recipients (KTx). The study was conducted on five HTx 4.8 ± 1.7 years after transplantation and 30 stable KTx 7.9 ± 2.4 years after transplantation as well as 18 healthy volunteers. The research involved PBMC gene expression analysis of CD4, CD8, CTLA4, GZMB, FOXP3, IL10, IL4, ILR2A, NOTCH, PDCD1, PRF1, TGF-B, and TNF-A genes on a custom-designed low-density array (TaqMan) as well as flow cytometry assessment of lymphocyte subpopulations. HTx presented significantly increased expression of immunomodulatory genes (TNF, IL10, GITR, and PDCD1) compared to KTx and controls. HTx revealed a proinflammatory molecular pattern with higher expression of NOTCH and CD8 compared to KTx and controls. KTx showed a reduced level of regulatory T cells compared to controls and HTx. Both HTx and KTx presented an increased number of CD8+and CD8+CD28-T cells compared to controls. Stable hand transplant recipients exhibit persistent immune activation with rejection-related gene expression pattern counterbalanced by secondary induction of regulatory mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kamińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kościelska-Kasprzak
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krajewska
authors.affiliation: Subdepartment of Replantation of Limbs, St. Hedwig of Silesia Hospital, Trzebnica, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chełmoński
authors.affiliation: Subdepartment of Replantation of Limbs, St. Hedwig of Silesia Hospital, Trzebnica, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jabłecki
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcelina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Żabińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Myszka
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Mirosław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banasik
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boratyńska
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gomółkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dzięgiel
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D063987:Hand Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014181:Transplantation Immunology
keywords: T cells; gene expression; hand transplantation; immunomodulation; kidney transplantation; rejection