title: Development of newly sanguinarine biosynthetic capacity in in vitro rootless shoots of Argemone mexicana L. Mexican prickly poppy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze berberine and sanguinarine biosynthetic capacities of both in vitro shoot and root cultures of Argemone mexicana and tissues from entire plants at different developmental stages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Berberine and sanguinarine were equally distributed in roots and aerial tissues of developing plantlet whereas, in juvenile plants, sanguinarine was only detected in roots. This alkaloid distribution was consistent with that of biosynthetic transcripts in juvenile plants. However, lower transcript abundance in plantlets´ leaves suggests that alkaloids were mainly formed in roots and then mobilized to this tissue. In vitro root cultures maintained similar alkaloid profiles to those from intact seedlings and plantlets. However, in addition to berberine, rootless shoot cultures accumulated high levels of sanguinarine and biosynthetic transcripts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro shoot cultures of A. mexicana can synthesize sanguinarine in addition to berberine. This represent a convenient system for the production of both alkaloids.
authors.affiliation: Posgrado Interinstitucional en Ciencias Químicas y Bioquímicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 613 x, Calle 90, Col. Inalámbrica, 97069, Mérida, Yucatán, México.|Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3171-137X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xool-Tamayo
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
authors.forename: Germán
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Serrano-Gamboa
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monforte-González
authors.affiliation: Posgrado Interinstitucional en Ciencias Químicas y Bioquímicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 613 x, Calle 90, Col. Inalámbrica, 97069, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
authors.forename: Gumersindo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mirón-López
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, México. felipe@cicy.mx.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Flota
mesh_terms: D031674:Argemone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000378:metabolism*; D001599:Berberine / Q000378:metabolism; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000378:metabolism*; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D007546:Isoquinolines; D001599:Berberine; C005705:sanguinarine
keywords: Argemone mexicana; Berberine; Sanguinarine