title: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) Gamma Agonists as Therapeutic Agents for Cardiovascular Disorders: Focus on Atherosclerosis.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that mainly regulate genes responsible for fatty acid (FA) and energy metabolism. There are three members of the PPAR family, PPAR-α, PPAR- β/δ and PPAR-γ. All three isoforms have therapeutic potential for treatment of cardiovascular disorders, and PPAR agonists are currently being actively studied in pre-clinical and clinical trials. PPAR γ agonists, main tissue expressing isoform, have potential to influence on inflammation processes, reduce oxidative stress, improve endothelial function and plays an important role in lipid metabolism. PPAR-γ agonists are used as insulin sensitizers for treatment of diabetes; however, there is accumulating evidence that their clinical application can be broadened. The wide spectrum of PPAR-γ activation effects may be beneficial for treatment of various cardiovascular conditions as atherosclerosis, hypertension and aortic aneurysm, including surgical interventions. In this Review we will discuss the implication of PPAR-γ in the cardiovascular system and potential role of PPAR-γ agonists in treatment of conditions associated with high cardiovascular risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, 3000. Belgium.
authors.forename: Ekaterina A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ivanova
authors.affiliation: Unit of Atherosclerosis Prevention, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via Carlo Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronika A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Myasoedova
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125315. Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Alexandra A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Melnichenko
authors.affiliation: Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 121609. Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Alexander N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Orekhov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008024:Ligands; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000819:agonists
chemical_list: D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008024:Ligands; D047495:PPAR gamma
keywords: Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ); atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disorders; cardiovascular surgery