title: Influence of sulfur dioxide-related interactions on PM2.5formation in iron ore sintering.
abstract: The formation of PM2.5(aerosol particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) in association with SO2emission during sintering process has been studied by dividing the whole sintering process into six typical sampling stages. A low-pressure cascade impactor was used to collect PM2.5by automatically segregating particulates into six sizes. It was found that strong correlation existed between the emission properties of PM2.5and SO2. Wet mixture layer (overwetted layer and raw mixture layer) had the function to simultaneously capture SO2and PM2.5during the early sintering stages, and released them back into flue gas mainly in the flue gas temperature-rising period. CaSO4crystals constituted the main SO2-related PM2.5during the disappearing process of overwetted layer, which was able to form perfect individual crystals or to form particles with complex chemical compositions. Besides the existence of individual CaSO4crystals, mixed crystals of K2SO4-CaSO4in PM2.5were also found during the first half of the temperature-rising period of flue gas. The interaction between fine-grained Ca-based fluxes, potassium vapors, and SO2was the potential source of SO2-related PM2.5.
  
  
  
  The emission property of PM2.5and SO2throughout the sintering process exhibited well similarity. This phenomenon tightened the relationship between the formation of PM2.5and the emission of SO2. Through revealing the properties of SO2-related PM2.5during sintering process, the potential interaction between fine-grained Ca-based fluxes, potassium vapors, and SO2was found to be the source of SO2-related PM2.5. This information can serve as the guidance to develop efficient techniques to control the formation and emission of PM2.5in practical sintering plants.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhiyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: a Department of Iron and Steel Metallurgy, School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants; D007501:Iron; D008669:Metallurgy; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000737:chemistry*; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D007501:Iron