title: The Clinical Predictors of Shunt-Dependent Hydrocephalus Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (SDH) is a relatively common complication following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Delay in diagnosis and treatment may worsen neurological outcome. This study was conducted to identify early clinical factors associated with SDH following aSAH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients diagnosed with aSAH at our hospital from January 2010 through July 2014 were included. Patients aged ? 18 or ? 90 years, with concurrent arteriovenous malformation, treated with both clipping and coiling, or not receiving definitive treatment were excluded. Both clinical and radiological variables were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic model to identify factors independently associated with outcome of SDH following aSAH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 33 patients (36.2%) developed SDH following aSAH after definitive treatment. Univariate analysis revealed age, emergency department (ED) white blood cell (WBC) count, hypernatremia, Hunt & Hess Grade, modified Fisher"s Grade, presentation of acute hydrocephalus, initial placement of external ventriculostomy, and post-operative central nervous system infection were clinically significant factors. Multivariate logistic regression showed ED WBC count > 14,500/?L (OR 5.096, 95% CI 1.332 to 19.499, p=0.017), poor Hunt&Hess Grade (III, IV & V) (OR 3.562, 95% CI 1.081 to 11.737, p=0.037), and initial placement of external ventriculostomy (OR 4.294, 95% CI 1.125 to 16.393, p=0.033) were independent factors. < p < CONCLUSION: Three early independent predictors of SDH were identified including poor Hunt&Hess Grade, initial placement of external ventriculostomy and ED leukocytosis. Early placement of a ventricular-peritoneal shunt after aSAH may shorten length of stay in hospital and in intensive care unit.
authors.affiliation: National Yang-Ming University, College of Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sio Iong
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ming Dar
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: David Hung-Tsang
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Cheng-Ta
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt / Q000379:methods; D014696:Ventriculostomy / Q000379:methods