title: Methodological approach for the collection and simultaneous estimation of greenhouse gases emission from aquaculture ponds.
abstract: Global warming/climate change is the greatest environmental threat of our time. Rapidly developing aquaculture sector is an anthropogenic activity, the contribution of which to global warming is little understood, and estimation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission from the aquaculture ponds is a key practice in predicting the impact of aquaculture on global warming. A comprehensive methodology was developed for sampling and simultaneous analysis of GHGs, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) from the aquaculture ponds. The GHG fluxes were collected using cylindrical acrylic chamber, air pump, and tedlar bags. A cylindrical acrylic floating chamber was fabricated to collect the GHGs emanating from the surface of aquaculture ponds. The sampling methodology was standardized and in-house method validation was established by achieving linearity, accuracy, precision, and specificity. GHGs flux was found to be stable at 10 ± 2 °C of storage for 3 days. The developed methodology was used to quantify GHGs in the Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei and black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon culture ponds for a period of 4 months. The rate of emission of carbon dioxide was found to be much greater when compared to other two GHGs. Average GHGs emission in gha-1day-1during the culture was comparatively high in P.vannamei culture ponds.
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
authors.forename: Muthuraman
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vasanth
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India. muralichintu@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Moturi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muralidhar
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
authors.forename: Ramamoorthy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saraswathy
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
authors.forename: Arunachalam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagavel
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
authors.forename: Jagabattula Syama
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dayal
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
authors.forename: Marappan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jayanthi
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
authors.forename: Natarajan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lalitha
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
authors.forename: Periyamuthu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumararaja
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
authors.forename: Koyadan Kizhakkedath
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Vijayan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D057231:Climate Change; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D007194:India; D008697:Methane / Q000032:analysis; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000254:growth & development; D061005:Ponds
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D008697:Methane
keywords: Aquaculture ponds; Floating chamber; GHGs analytical method validation; Greenhouse gases; P.monodon; P.vannamei