title: Sustained striatal dopamine levels following intestinal levodopa infusions in Parkinson's disease patients.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate in vivo the ability of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusions to produce sustained striatal dopamine levels and to improve clinical outcomes in Parkinson's disease patients.
  
  
  
  Six advanced Parkinson's disease patients had serial [11C]raclopride PET to assess levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusion-induced rises in striatal dopamine as reflected by a fall in dopamine-D2/3receptor availability. Parkinson's disease patients had baseline scan OFF-dopaminergic stimulation and 2 scans following initiation of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusions. Striatal D2/3binding was measured in striatal subregions corresponding to sensorimotor, limbic, and cognitive/associative function.
  
  
  
  Mean striatal [11C]raclopride nondisplaceable binding potential decreased by 14.0% to 16.7% in sensorimotor, 12.0%-14.4% in limbic, and 8.7%-11.6% in cognitive/associative function subregions at 1- to 10-hour points (P < 0.01). Sensorimotor subregion [11C]raclopride nondisplaceable binding potential reductions correlated with reductions in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III scores over the course of the infusion (r = 0.81; P < 0.05).
  
  
  
  Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusions generate a stable rise in striatal dopamine levels and are associated with improvements in motor manifestations. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
authors.affiliation: Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.|Parkinson's Centre of Excellence, Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK.|Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Marios
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Politis
authors.affiliation: Parkinson's Centre of Excellence, Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK.|Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sauerbier
authors.affiliation: Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.|Memory Research Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU.
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loane
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.|Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pavese
authors.affiliation: Parkinson's Centre of Excellence, Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, King's College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.|Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|Division of Neurology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.affiliation: Parkinson's Centre of Excellence, Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK.|Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ray-Chaudhuri
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piccini
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002230:Carbidopa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007980:Levodopa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C581293:DRD2 protein, human; C493593:DRD3 protein, human; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005782:Gels; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3; C009265:carbidopa, levodopa drug combination; D007980:Levodopa; D002230:Carbidopa; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: PET; Parkinson's; duodopa; levodopa; raclopride