title: Campylobacter-Associated Diseases in Animals.
abstract: Campylobacter includes a group of genetically diverse species causing a range of diseases in animals and humans. The bacterium is frequently associated with two economically important and epidemiologically distinct reproductive diseases in ruminants: enzootic infectious infertility in cattle owing to Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and abortions in sheep, goats, and cattle. Septic abortion, usually epizootic in sheep, has been historically associated with C. fetus subsp. fetus and to a lesser extent with Campylobacter jejuni. However, there has been a dramatic species shift in the etiology of Campylobacter abortions in recent years: C. jejuni has now replaced C. fetus subsp. fetus as the predominant cause of sheep abortion in the United States, which appears to be driven primarily by clonal expansion of a hypervirulent tetracycline-resistant C. jejuni clone. Here we provide a review on the recent advances in understanding the pathobiology of Campylobacter infections in animals, with an emphasis on the diseases in ruminants, covering epidemiology, pathogenesis, genomics, and control measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; email: osahin@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; email: myaeger@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yaeger
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; email: wuzw@iastate.edu , zhang123@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Zuowei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; email: wuzw@iastate.edu , zhang123@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Qijing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D002167:Campylobacter; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002168:Campylobacter fetus; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases; D014481:United States
keywords: Campylobacter; abortion; cattle; infertility; ruminants; sheep