title: Application of a solvent-free solid injection technique coupled with GC-MS for discrimination between the secondary metabolites of wild and cultivated South Korean medicinal foods.
abstract: Solvent-free solid injection was applied to differentiate between wild and cultivated South Korean medicinal foods, including dureup (Aralia elata), deodeok (Codonopsis lanceolata) and doraji (Platycodon grandiflorus). A number of compounds were identified in wild and cultivated dureup (53 and 46), deodeok (47 and 51) and doraji (43 and 38). Secondary metabolites, including butanal,2-methyl-, β-caryophyllene, neoclovene, α-humulene, γ-curcumene, β-bisabolene, and phytol, were identified in dureup with significantly (P < 0.05) different amounts between both types. In deodeok, squalene and other main components such as acetic acid, methyl ester, furan-methyl-furfural, 2-furan-methanol, and 5-methyl-furfural, were statistically different between the two types. Doraji has significantly different compounds such as furfural, 5-methyl-furfural, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-phenol, and 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone. Although we failed to confirm the key compounds, a new compound, namely desaspidinol, was synthesized for the first time and its retention index determined under the experimental conditions. This solventless, easy technique can be used as a simple way to discriminate between wild and cultivated types of medicinal plants via identification of volatile markers or specific fingerprints.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.|Department of Food Technology, School of Biotechnology, International University, HCMC National University, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Lieu T B
authors.initials: LTB
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abd El-Aty
authors.affiliation: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Md Musfiqur
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents
keywords: cultivated; deodeok (Codonopsis lanceolata); doraji (Platycodon grandiflorum); dureup (young fatsia shoot, Aralia elata); solid-free solvent injection (SFSI); wild