title: Development of a Novel Alarm System to Improve Adaptation to Non-invasive Ventilation in Patients With High Cervical Spinal Cord Injury.
abstract: In this case report, we want to introduce a successful way of applying non-invasive ventilation (NIV) with a full face mask in patients with high cervical spinal cord injury through a novel alarm system for communication. A 57-year-old man was diagnosed with C3 American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale (AIS) B. We applied NIV for treatment of hypercapnia. Because of mouth opening during sleep, a full face mask was the only way to use NIV. However, he could not take off the mask by himself, and this situation caused great fear. To solve this problem, we designed a novel alarm system. The best intended motion of the patient was neck rotation. Sensing was performed by a balloon sensor placed under the head of the patient. A beep sound was generated whenever the pressure was above the threshold, and more than three consecutive beeps within 3,000 ms created a loud alarm for caregivers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Hun
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4849-5228
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Beom
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5026-1696
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung Hun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9694-5409
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Yeon
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5679-0126
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hoon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5203-5956
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ro
keywords: Hypercapnia; Noninvasive ventilation; Spinal cord injuries