title: Determination of pharmaceutical residues in wastewater using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry.
abstract: A multi-class method for the determination of 24 emerging pharmaceutical residues has been developed and validated. The method is based on solid-phase extraction of wastewater samples using Strata-X cartridges followed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole - Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS). A single-laboratory validation procedure showed satisfactory analytical performance. The analysis of 21 samples collected at the wastewater treatment plant in Riga revealed the occurrence of 20 compounds of different therapeutic classes. The highest concentration was found for the central nervous system stimulator caffeine - up to 12μgL-1, the analgesic acetaminophen up to 4.2μgL-1, the antibiotic ciprofloxacin in the concentration range of 250-400ngL-1, and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen at 100-325ngL-1.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia; University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Jelgavas iela 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia. Electronic address: iveta.pugajeva@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Iveta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pugajeva
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Jelgavas iela 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia.
authors.forename: Janis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rusko
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Jelgavas iela 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia.
authors.forename: Ingus
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Perkons
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lundanes
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia; University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Jelgavas iela 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia.
authors.forename: Vadims
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bartkevics
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: HPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS; Pharmaceuticals; Wastewater