title: Co-Infections and Sero-Prevalence of HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and C Infections in Sexually Transmitted Infections Clinic Attendees of Tertiary Care Hospital in North India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C (HBV &amp; HCV) infections modify the epidemiology and presentation of each other. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of these infections and their co-infections in sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinic attendees in New Delhi, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study including 220 patients was conducted during May 2014 through December 2014. Serodiagnosis of HIV was performed as per Strategy III of NACO guidelines; syphilis by VDRL followed by TPHA; HBV and HCV by rapid immuno-chromatographic test followed by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Male subjects were slightly more in number as compared to females (56.36% vs. 43.63%). Twelve (5.45%), 14 (6.36%), three (1.36 %) and one (0.45%) were reactive for HIV, VDRL, HBV and HCV, respectively. Three were both HIV and syphilis positive and one was both HIV and HBV positive; no co-infections of HBV/HCV, HIV/HBV/HCV and HIV/HBV/HCV/syphilis coexisted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis in STI clinic attendees mandate routine screening to detect co-infections and follow prompt therapy in order to minimize their sequelae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sonali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattar
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Prabhav
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Satyendra Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sahani
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India. preenabhalla@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Preena
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhalla
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007159:Immunologic Tests; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D013587:Syphilis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HIV; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Syphilis