title: The effect of health-promoting lifestyle education on the treatment of unexplained female infertility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to reveal the 1) awareness, 2) improvements of a health-promoting lifestyle on women with unexplained infertility having at least one of the risk factors that have been indicated to negatively affect fertility (smoking, body mass index lower than 18.5kg/m2and more than 25kg/m2, over-exercising or not exercising at all, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption of more than 300mg/day, and high levels of stress) by means of health-promoting lifestyle education, 3) the effect of this improvement on the result of assisted-reproduction treatment in terms of clinical pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  64 women diagnosed with unexplained infertility were divided into a group receiving Health-Promoting Lifestyle (HPL) education and a control group. 1) Risk Factors Questionnaire (BMI, Smoking, Alcohol, Stress, Exercise, Caffeine), 2) Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, 3) Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. The health promoting lifestyle was given to the education group. The Risk Factors Questionnaire; Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale and Healthcare-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II were also administered after the first-second-third month of education but before ART treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant decrease was found in the average levels of four variables as; BMI (p<0.001)-stress (p<0.001)-caffeine consumption (p<0.001)-lower exercise levels (p<0.001). Moreover, the total number of risk factors that females had between the first and third interview decreased significantly. Clinical pregnancy rate after ART was 12 (46.1%) and 5 (19.2%) in education and control group consequently (p=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Health-promoting lifestyle education was found to be effective in reducing the lifestyle risk factors for infertility and increasing the success rates of assisted reproduction treatment by correcting these risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Eskişehir, Turkey. Electronic address: yelizyilmazturk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yeliz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.affiliation: Biruni University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nezihe
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kizilkaya Beji
authors.affiliation: Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yunus
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hikmet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hassa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology; D006293:Health Promotion; D000070497:Healthy Lifestyle; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D050177:Overweight / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012307:Risk Factors; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000208:ethnology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013851:Thinness / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Assisted reproduction; Infertility; Lifestyle