title: Clinical trial transparency update: an assessment of the disclosure of results of company-sponsored trials associated with new medicines approved in Europe in 2013.
abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the timely disclosure of results of company-sponsored clinical trials related to all new medicines approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) during 2013. This is an extension of two previously reported studies of trials related to all new medicines approved in Europe in 2009, 2010 and 2011, and in 2012. The original study found that over a three year period over three-quarters of all trials were disclosed within 12 months and almost 90% were disclosed by the end of the study. The extension study (2012 approvals) showed an improvement in results disclosure within 12 months to 90%, and an overall disclosure rate of 92% by the end of the study.
  
  
  
  The methodology used was exactly as previously reported. Various publicly available information sources were searched for both clinical trial registration and disclosure of results. All completed company-sponsored trials related to each new medicine approved for marketing by the EMA in 2013, carried out in patients and recorded on a clinical trials registry and/or included in an EMA European Public Assessment Report (EPAR), were included. Information sources were searched between 1 May and 31 July 2015.
  
  
  
  The main outcome measure was the proportion of trials for which results had been disclosed on a registry or in the scientific literature either within 12 months of the later of either first regulatory approval or trial completion, or by 31 July 2015 (end of survey). Of the completed trials associated with 34 new medicines licensed to 24 different companies in 2013, results of 90% (484/539) had been disclosed within 12 months, and results of 93% (500/539) had been disclosed by 31 July 2015.
  
  
  
  The disclosure rate within 12 months of 90% suggests that industry is continuing to achieve disclosure in a timely manner. The overall disclosure rate at study end of 93% indicates that the improvement in transparency amongst company-sponsored trials has been maintained in the trials associated with new medicines approved in 2013.
authors.affiliation: a Livewire Editorial Communications , Gerrards Cross , Bucks , UK.
authors.forename: Bryan R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Deane
authors.affiliation: b Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry , London , UK.
authors.forename: Jacintha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sivarajah
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D030881:Disclosure; D004345:Drug Industry; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D011642:Publications; D012042:Registries; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Clinical trials; publication bias; results disclosure; transparency; trial publication; trial registration; trial registries