title: Spatial characterization, risk assessment, and statistical source identification of the dissolved trace elements in the Ganjiang River-feeding tributary of the Poyang Lake, China.
abstract: Surface water samples were collected from 20 sampling sites throughout the Ganjiang River during pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons, and the concentrations of dissolved trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the spatial and seasonal variations, risk assessment, source identification, and categorization for risk area. The result demonstrated that concentrations of the elements exhibited significant seasonality. The high total element concentrations were detected at sites close to the intensive mining and urban activities. The concentrations of the elements were under the permissible limits as prescribed by related standards with a few exceptions. The most of heavy metal pollution index (HPI) values were lower than the critical index limit, indicating the basically clean water used as habitat for aquatic life. As was identified as the priority pollutant of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic concerns, and the inhabitants ingesting the surface water at particular site might be subjected to the integrated health risks for exposure to the mixed trace elements. Multivariate statistical analyses confirmed that Zn, As, Cd, and Tl were derived from mining and urban activities; V, Cd, and Pb exhibited mixed origin; and Co, Ni, and Cu mainly resulted from natural processes. Three categorized risk areas corresponded to high, moderate, and low risks, respectively. As a whole, the upstream of the Ganjiang River was identified as the high-risk area relatively.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education (Jiangxi Normal University), Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.|School of Geography & Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Geography & Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.
authors.forename: Yinghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: School of Geography & Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education (Jiangxi Normal University), Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.|School of Geography & Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Geography & Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.
authors.forename: Guangxun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education (Jiangxi Normal University), Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China. dingmj@jxnu.edu.cn.|School of Geography & Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China. dingmj@jxnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Mingjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D008906:Mining; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012621:Seasons; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014131:Trace Elements; D014873:Water Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Ganjiang River; HPI; Risk assessment; Risk categorization; Source identification; Surface water; Trace element