title: Oral vaccination of cattle with heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis does not compromise bovine TB diagnostic tests.
abstract: In this study we investigated whether oral uptake of a heat inactivated M. bovis wildlife vaccine by domestic cattle induced systemic immune responses that compromised the use of tuberculin or defined antigens in diagnostic tests for bovine TB. Positive skin test and blood-based IFN-γ release assay (IGRA) results were observed in all calves vaccinated via the parenteral route (i.e. intramuscular). In contrast, no positive responses to tuberculin or defined antigens were observed in either the skin test or IGRA test when performed in calves vaccinated via the oral route. In conclusion, our results suggest that the heat inactivated M. bovis vaccine could be used to vaccinate wildlife in a baited form in conjunction with the following in cattle: (i) continuation of existing tuberculin skin testing or novel skin test formats based on defined antigens; and (ii) the use of IGRA tests utilizing tuberculin or defined antigens.
authors.affiliation: TB Immunology and Vaccinology, Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Gareth.Jones@apha.gsi.gov.uk.
authors.forename: Gareth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: TB Immunology and Vaccinology, Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steinbach
authors.affiliation: Depto. Sanidad Animal - Animal Health Dept., NEIKER-Tecnalia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Iker A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Sevilla
authors.affiliation: Depto. Sanidad Animal - Animal Health Dept., NEIKER-Tecnalia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Joseba M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.affiliation: Depto. Sanidad Animal - Animal Health Dept., NEIKER-Tecnalia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Juste
authors.affiliation: TB Immunology and Vaccinology, Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: H Martin
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Vordermeier
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002417:Cattle; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000382:microbiology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D014374:Tuberculin Test / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D014380:Tuberculosis, Bovine / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Bovine TB; Diagnostic tests; Heat killed M. bovis; Vaccination