title: Quantitative EEG Evaluation During Robot-Assisted Foot Movement.
abstract: Passiveand imagined limbmovements induce changes in cerebral oscillatory activity. Central modulatory effects play a role in plastic changes, and are of uttermost importance in rehabilitation. This has extensively been studied for upper limb, but less is known for lower limb. The aim of this study is to investigate the topographical distribution of event-related desynchronization/synchronization(ERD/ERS) and task-relatedcoherence during a robot-assisted and a motor imagery task of lower limb in healthy subjects to inform rehabilitation paradigms. 32-channels electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in twenty-one healthy right footed and handed subjects during a robot-assisted single-joint cyclic right ankle movement performed by the BTS ANYMOV robotic hospital bed. Data were acquired with a block protocol for passive and imagined movement at a frequency of 0.2 Hz. ERD/ERS and task related coherence were calculated in alpha1 (8-10 Hz), alpha2 (10.5-12.5 Hz) and beta (13-30 Hz) frequency ranges. During passive movement, alpha2 rhythm desynchronized overC3 and ipsilateral frontal areas (F4, FC2, FC6); betaERD was detected over the bilateral motor areas (Cz, C3, C4). During motor imagery, a significant desynchronization was evident for alpha1 over contralateral sensorimotor cortex (C3), for alpha2 over bilateral motor areas (C3 and C4), and for beta over central scalp areas. Task-related coherence decreased during passive movement in alpha2 band between contralateral central area (C3, CP5, CP1, P3) and ipsilateral frontal area (F8, FC6, T8); beta band coherence decreased between C3-C4 electrodes, and increased between C3-Cz. These data contribute to the understanding of oscillatory activity and functional neuronal interactions during lower limb robot-assisted motor performance. The final output of this line of research is to inform the design and development of neurorehabilitation protocols.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Formaggio
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masiero
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Izzi
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piccione
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Felice
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D062207:Brain-Computer Interfaces; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D000067190:Exoskeleton Device; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D000066530:Neurological Rehabilitation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis