title: Fastest Formation Routes of Nanocarbons in Solution Plasma Processes.
abstract: Although solution-plasma processing enables room-temperature synthesis of nanocarbons, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated the routes of solution-plasma-induced nanocarbon formation from hexane, hexadecane, cyclohexane, and benzene. The synthesis rate from benzene was the highest. However, the nanocarbons from linear molecules were more crystalline than those from ring molecules. Linear molecules decomposed into shorter olefins, whereas ring molecules were reconstructed in the plasma. In the saturated ring molecules, C-H dissociation proceeded, followed by conversion into unsaturated ring molecules. However, unsaturated ring molecules were directly polymerized through cation radicals, such as benzene radical cation, and were converted into two- and three-ring molecules at the plasma-solution interface. The nanocarbons from linear molecules were synthesized in plasma from small molecules such as C2under heat; the obtained products were the same as those obtained via pyrolysis synthesis. Conversely, the nanocarbons obtained from ring molecules were directly synthesized through an intermediate, such as benzene radical cation, at the interface between plasma and solution, resulting in the same products as those obtained via polymerization. These two different reaction fields provide a reasonable explanation for the fastest synthesis rate observed in the case of benzene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Material Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsunori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.affiliation: Department of Material Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.|NU- PPC Plasma Chemical Technology Center, The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.|CREST, JST, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomonaga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.affiliation: NU- PPC Plasma Chemical Technology Center, The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.
authors.forename: Gasidit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Panomsuwan
authors.affiliation: Department of Material Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hieda
authors.affiliation: Department of Material Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Material Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Maria Antoaneta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bratescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Material Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.|NU- PPC Plasma Chemical Technology Center, The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.|CREST, JST, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Nagahiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saito