title: Adverse Drug Reactions: Type A (Intrinsic) or Type B (Idiosyncratic).
abstract: Hepatotoxic adverse drug reactions are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and are the leading cause of postmarketing regulatory action in the United States. They are classified as Type A (intrinsic) or Type B (idiosyncratic). Type A are predictable, dose-related toxicities, often identified in preclinical or clinical trials, and usually occur in overdose settings or with pre-existing hepatic impairment. Type B are not clearly related to increasing dose and are associated with drug-specific and patient-specific characteristics and environmental risks. Rare Type B reactions are often identified postmarketing. Identification and management, including electronic resources, has evolved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Electronic address: carlo.iasella@pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Carlo J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Iasella
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Heather J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Center for Liver Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, PUH, M2, C-wing, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dunn
mesh_terms: D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007437:Intrinsic Factor; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D007437:Intrinsic Factor
keywords: Adverse drug reaction; Drug-induced liver injury; Hepatotoxicity; Idiosyncratic; Intrinsic; LiverTox; Type A adverse drug reaction; Type B adverse drug reaction