title: Molecular and Phylogenetic Characterization of Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coliStrains in China.
abstract: Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) causes diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis with life-threatening complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess the molecular epidemiologic features of non-O157 STEC strains from different resources in China and illustrate the role of animal reservoirs or animal-derived foodstuffs in human STEC infections. A collection of 301 non-O157 STEC isolates from domestic and wild animals (i.e., cattle, goat, pig, yak, pika, and antelope), raw meats (i.e., beef, pork, mutton, chicken, and duck), diarrheal patients, and healthy carriers in different regions of China were selected in this study. Of the 301 analyzed STEC isolates, 67 serogroups, and 118 serotypes were identified; this included some predominant serogroups associated with human disease, such as O26, O45, O103, O111, and O121. Eighteen different combinations ofstxsubtypes were found. Eleven isolates carried the intimin geneeae, 93 isolates containedehxA, and 73 isolates carriedastA. The prevalence of other putative adhesion genessaa, paa, efa1, andtoxBwas 28.90% (87), 6.98% (21), 2.31% (7), and 1% (3), respectively. The phylogenetic distribution of isolates was analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Ninety-four sequence types were assigned across the 301 isolates. A subset of isolates recovered from yak and pika residing in the similar wild environments, Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, showed similar genetic profiles and more tendencies to cluster together. Isolates from goat and mutton exhibited close genetic relatedness with those from human-derived isolates, providing evidence that transmission may have occurred locally within intraspecies or interspecies, and importantly, from animal reservoirs, or raw meats to humans. Comparing isolates in this study with highly virulent strains by MLST, along with serotyping and virulence profiles, it is conceivable that some of isolates from goat, yak, or raw meats may have potential to cause human diseases.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiangning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yanmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ailan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Pengbin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ruyue
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Longgang Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Yujuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Zigong Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zigong, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Suixian Center for Disease Control and Prevention Suixian, China.
authors.forename: Qiusheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xuebin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yanwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D065288:Serogroup; D022603:Shiga Toxins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D054323:Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D022603:Shiga Toxins
keywords: China; MLST; Shiga toxin; Shiga toxin-producing E. coli; non-O157 STEC