title: Host-microbiome interactions: the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the central nervous system.
abstract: The microbiome located within a given host and its organs forms a holobiont, an intimate functional entity with evolutionarily designed interactions to support nutritional intake and reproduction. Thus, all organs in a holobiont respond to changes within the microbiome. The development and function of the central nervous system and its homeostatic mechanisms are no exception and are also subject to regulation by the gut microbiome. In order for the holobiont to function effectively, the microbiome and host must communicate. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor is an evolutionarily conserved receptor recognizing environmental compounds, including a number of ligands produced directly and indirectly by the microbiome. This review focuses on the microbiome-gut-brain axis in regard to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway and its impact on underlying mechanisms in neurodegeneration.
authors.affiliation: The LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Hae Ung
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
authors.forename: Zachary E
authors.initials: ZE
authors.lastname: McPherson
authors.affiliation: The School of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Cell and Tumor Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korecka
authors.affiliation: The LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. Sven.Pettersson@ki.se.|Department of Microbiology, Cell and Tumor Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden. Sven.Pettersson@ki.se.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pettersson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D064307:Microbiota; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D055495:Neurogenesis; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon
keywords: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Host-microbiome interactions; Neurodegeneration; Neurodevelopment