title: Degradation pathways of 1-methylphenanthrene in bacterial Sphingobium sp. MP9-4 isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil.
abstract: Alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant in petroleum, and alkylated phenanthrenes are considered as the primary PAHs during some oil spill events. Bacterial strain of Sphingobium sp. MP9-4, isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil, was efficient to degrade 1-methylphenanthrene (1-MP). A detailed metabolism map of 1-MP in this strain was delineated based on analysis of metabolites with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). 1-MP was initially oxidized via two different biochemical strategies, including benzene ring and methyl-group attacks. Benzene ring attack was initiated with dioxygenation of the non-methylated aromatic ring via similar degradation pathways of phenanthrene (PHE) by bacteria. For methyl-group attack, mono oxygenase system was involved and more diverse enzymes were needed than that of PHE degradation. This study enhances the understanding of the metabolic pathways of alkylated PAHs and shows the significant potential of Sphingobium sp. MP9-4 for the bioremediation of alkylated PAHs contaminated environments.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Jianan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Baowei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Sha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sha
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qing
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Nora F Y
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. Electronic address: cesltg@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Tiangang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Luan
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C031181:phenanthrene; C041507:1-methylphenanthrene
keywords: 1-Methylphenanthrene; Bacteria degradation; Phenanthrene; Sphingobium