title: Shortwave Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy for Analysis of Ancient Paintings.
abstract: Spectral analysis is one of the main non-destructive techniques used to examine cultural relics. Hyperspectral imaging technology, especially on the shortwave infrared (SWIR) band, can clearly extract information from paintings, such as color, pigment composition, damage characteristics, and painting techniques. All of these characteristics have significant scientific and practical value in the study of ancient paintings and other relics and in their protection and restoration. In this study, an ancient painting, numbered Gu-6541, which had been found in the Forbidden City, served as a sample. A ground-based SWIR imaging spectrometer was used to produce hyperspectral images with high spatial and spectral resolution. Results indicated that SWIR imaging spectral data greatly facilitates the extraction of line features used in drafting, even using a single band image. It can be used to identify and classify mineral pigments used in paintings. These images can detect alterations and traces of daub used in painting corrections and, combined with hyperspectral data analysis methods such as band combination or principal component analysis, such information can be extracted to highlight outcomes of interest. In brief, the SWIR imaging spectral technique was found to have a highly favorable effect on the extraction of line features from drawings and on the identification of colors, classification of paintings, and extraction of hidden information.
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
authors.forename: Taixia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: 2 The Palace Museum, China.
authors.forename: Guanghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 2 The Palace Museum, China.
authors.forename: Zehua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
authors.forename: Hongming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 2 The Palace Museum, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
authors.forename: Lifu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: Hyperspectral; ancient paintings; historic preservation; imaging spectrometer; shortwave infrared