title: New market labor and obesity: A nation-wide Italian cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of obesity among different types of employment status in the Italian working population, and to examine associated risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey of 36 814 people that declared to have been occupied with the same type of contract for at least 5 years was analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression models were built considering workers' sex, age, education, family body mass index (BMI) category, leisure time and occupational physical activity, weight control habits, smoking habit, use of drugs, number of working hours per week, and type of working contract.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for covariates, the importance of temporary-employment was confirmed by multivariate analysis, with odds ratio (OR) = 1.32 for obesity (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.63) with respect to employed persons; the association was even more important in workers occupied for more than 40 h/week (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.07-2.66); moreover, shiftwork was confirmed as a risk factor for obesity in workers (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94-1.2). Dealing with different occupational group, some categories were associated with obesity; in particular, this phenomenon involved people employed in agriculture (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.22-1.7), transportation (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.26-1.85), and public administration (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.1-1.55).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our analysis suggest that obesity is strongly correlated with temporary employment. Maybe the way out this pathway to obesity in the future might be working better, choosing organizational flexibility rather than fixed term. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2016;29(6):903-914.
authors.affiliation: Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy (Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health). igiene.ricerca@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barbadoro
authors.affiliation: Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy (Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health). eponzio@unipm.it.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ponzio
authors.affiliation: Italian National Research Center on Aging, Ancona, Italy. cchiatti@inrca.it.
authors.forename: Carlos Juan
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chiatti
authors.affiliation: Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy (Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health). fdistanislao@unipm.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Stanislao
authors.affiliation: Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy (Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health). mmderrico@unipm.it.
authors.forename: Marcello Mario
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: D'Errico
authors.affiliation: Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy (Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health). eprospero@unipm.it.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prospero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004651:Employment / Q000145:classification*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: employment/statistics and numerical data; epidemiology; obesity; socioeconomic factors; work; working hours