title: Brain on FIRES: Super Refractory Seizure in a 7 yr Old Boy.
abstract: We present a 7 yr old boy afflicted with super-refractory seizure that responded poorly to antiepileptic drugs and sustained a long course of hospitalization and complications of high doses of medications as well as longstanding stay in hospital. The differential diagnoses were, fever-induced refractory epileptic encephalopathy (FIRES), and infectious and autoimmune encephalitis. However, work-ups had not revealed any evidence of any specific diagnosis, so we assumed that he was afflicted by viral infectious encephalitis as he had, fever, vomiting, and prodromal symptoms of infectious (most probably viral) disease prior to onset of the seizure attacks.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tavasoli
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Behdad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gharib
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Houman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alizadeh
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Farshadmoghaddam
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Memarian
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoodreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashrafi
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Meisam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharifzade
keywords: Autoimmune encephalitis; Infectious encephalitis; Lateralized seizure; Refractory seizure