title: Mediation of oxidative stress in hypothalamic ghrelin-associated appetite control in rats treated with phenylpropanolamine.
abstract: Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)-induced appetite control is associated with oxidative stress in the hypothalamus. This study explored whether hypothalamic antioxidants participated in hypothalamic ghrelin system-associated appetite control in PPA-treated rats. Rats were given PPA daily for 4 days, and changes in food intake and the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), the cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), superoxide dismutase, catalase, ghrelin, acyl ghrelin (AG), ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) and the ghrelin receptor (GHSR1a) were examined and compared. Results showed that both food intake and the expression of NPY and ghrelin/AG/GOAT/GHSR1a decreased in response to PPA treatment with maximum decrease on Day 2 of the treatment. In contrast, the expression of antioxidants and CART increased, with the maximum increase on Day 2, with the expression opposite to that of NPY and ghrelin. A cerebral infusion of either a GHSR1a antagonist or reactive oxygen species scavenger modulated feeding behavior and NPY, CART, antioxidants and ghrelin system expression, showing the involvement of ghrelin signaling and oxidative stress in regulating PPA-mediated appetite control. We suggest that hypothalamic ghrelin signaling system, with the help of antioxidants, may participate in NPY/CART-mediated appetite control in PPA-treated rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S-C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: P-N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y-S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: D-Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000855:Anorexia / Q000139:chemically induced; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D054440:Receptors, Ghrelin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C492347:BIM28163; D054439:Ghrelin; C571124:Ghsr1a protein, rat; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D054440:Receptors, Ghrelin; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine
keywords: Brain; CART; NPY; ghrelin; oxidative stress; phenylpropanolamine