title: Endocrine surgery fellowship graduates past, present, and future: 8 years of early job market experiences and what program directors and trainees can expect.
abstract: Given the increasing number of endocrine surgery fellowship graduates, we investigated if expectations and job opportunities changed over time.
  
  
  
  American Association of Endocrine Surgeons (AAES) fellowship graduates, surgery department chairs, and physician recruiters were surveyed. Univariate analysis was performed with JMP Pro 12 software.
  
  
  
  We identified 141 graduates from 2008-2015; survey response rate was 72% (n = 101). Compared to earlier graduates, fewer academic opportunities were available for the recent graduates who intended to join them (P = .001). Unlike earlier graduates, recent graduates expected to also perform elective general surgery, which ultimately represented a greater percentage of their practices (both P < .05). Interview offers increased for recent graduates, but job offers decreased. Overall, 84% of graduates matched their intended practice type and 98% reported being satisfied. Reponses from graduates, department chairs, and physician recruiters highlighted opportunities to improve mentor involvement, job search strategies, and online job board utilization.
  
  
  
  The endocrine surgery job market has diversified resulting in more graduates entering nonacademic practices and performing general surgery. This rapid evolution supports future analyses of the job market and opportunities for job creation. Almost every graduate reported job satisfaction, which encourages graduates to consider joining both academic and nonacademic practices equally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. Electronic address: vikramdk83@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Vikram D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Krishnamurthy
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gutnick
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Slotcavage
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Eren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berber
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siperstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Joyce J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002321:Career Choice; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013507:Endocrine Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education*; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D008486:Physician Executives; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012955:Societies, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors