title: Aphis Glycines Virus 2, a Novel Insect Virus with a Unique Genome Structure.
abstract: The invasive soybean aphid,Aphis glycines, is a major pest in soybeans, resulting in substantial economic loss. We analyzed theA. glycinestranscriptome to identify sequences derived from viruses ofA. glycines. We identified sequences derived from a novel virus named Aphis glycines virus 2 (ApGlV2). The assembled virus genome sequence was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing, conserved domains were characterized, and distribution, and transmission examined. This virus has a positive sense, single-stranded RNA genome of ~4850 nt that encodes three proteins. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of ApGlV2 is a permuted RdRp similar to those of some tetraviruses, while the capsid protein is structurally similar to the capsid proteins of plant sobemoviruses. ApGlV2 also encodes a larger minor capsid protein, which is translated by a readthrough mechanism. ApGlV2 appears to be widespread inA. glycinespopulations and to persistently infect aphids with a 100% vertical transmission rate. ApGlV2 is susceptible to the antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. This virus, with its unique genome structure with both plant- and insect-virus characteristics, is of particular interest from an evolutionary standpoint.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. sliu@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Sijun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Diveena
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vijayendran
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. yutingc@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. bbonning@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Bryony C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Bonning
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001042:Aphids / Q000821:virology*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D010802:Phylogeny; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013025:Glycine max / Q000469:parasitology; D014764:Viral Proteins
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: insect virus; plant virus; readthrough domain; small RNA virus; soybean aphid