title: Contribution of oxytocin receptor polymorphisms to amygdala activation in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxytocin has been proposed to mediate amygdala dysfunction associated with altered emotion processing in schizophrenia, but the contribution of oxytocin pathway genes is yet to be investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify potential different contributions of three oxytocin receptor polymorphisms (rs53576, rs237902 and rs2254298) between patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZ), affective spectrum disorders (AD) and healthy controls (HC).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a total of 346 participants (104 with SCZ, 100 with AD, and 142 HC) underwent genotyping and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an emotional faces matching paradigm. Genetic association analyses were performed to test the possible effects on task-induced BOLD amygdala response to fearful/angry faces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In participants with SCZ, the rs237902 G allele was associated with low amygdala activation (left hemisphere:b=-4.99, Bonferroni correctedP=0.04) and interaction analyses showed that this association was disorder specific (left hemisphere: Bonferroni correctedP=0.003; right hemisphere: Bonferroni correctedP=0.03). There were no associations between oxytocin polymorphisms and amygdala activation in the total sample, among AD patients or HC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rs237902 was associated with amygdala activation in response to fearful/angry faces only in patients with SCZ. Our findings indicate that the endogenous oxytocin system could serve as a contributing factor in biological underpinnings of emotion processing and that this contribution is disorder specific.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  O.A.A. received speaker's honoraria from GSK, Otsuka, Lundbeck.
  © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.
authors.affiliation: , MD, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Marit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haram
authors.affiliation: , PhD, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bettella
authors.affiliation: , MsC, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Christine Lycke
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.affiliation: , PhD, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.affiliation: , MD, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nerhus
authors.affiliation: , MsC, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bjella
authors.affiliation: , PhD, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Srdjan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Djurovic
authors.affiliation: , PhD, Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Lars T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Westlye
authors.affiliation: , MD, PhD, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ole A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Andreassen
authors.affiliation: , MD, PhD, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Melle
authors.affiliation: , MD, PhD, NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tesli