title: The Monorail Technique to Overcome Difficult Anatomical Course During Implantation of Central Venous Port via the Left Internal Jugular Vein.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to introduce a monorail technique to overcome difficult anatomical course via left internal jugular vein in implantable port insertion.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2007 to 2016, a total of 9346 patients were referred for implantable port insertion in our interventional unit, among which 79 cases were requested to insert on the left side. Our monorail technique was applied only when the technical challenge of the catheter tip entering the azygos vein instead of the superior vena cava occurred (n = 7). The technique consists of puncturing at the distal tip of the port catheter with a 21-gauge micropuncture needle and advancing a 0.018-in. hair-wire to guide and provide support for pre-assembled port.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The monorail technique was performed in seven patients and all but one case were technically successful, showing a technical success rate of 85.7%. There were no immediate or delayed complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The monorail technique is helpful to overcome the difficult anatomical course via left internal jugular vein in implantable port insertion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-040, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eu Hyun
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 1347-040, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Suk
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 1347-040, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 1347-040, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae Giu
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, 137-040, Republic of Korea. cbg@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Byung Gil
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D062905:Central Venous Catheters; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Central venous access; Implantable chest port; Monorail technique