title: Age-related changes in dermal fiber-like structures in facial cheeks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite recent progress in non-invasive measurement methods, such as in vivo laser confocal microscopy (CLSM), it is difficult to quantitatively measure age-related changes in dermal fibrous structures in the face using these methods and qualitative characteristics. We used characteristics extracted from the analysis of CLSM images to quantitatively investigate the effects of aging on dermal fibrous structures in the face.
  
  
  METHODS
  CLSM images of dermal fibrous structures were obtained from 90 Japanese females, ranging in age from 20 to 60 years. The feature values of CLSM images were extracted using image analysis methods, such as short-line segment-matching processing and spatial frequency analysis. The qualitative characteristics of the dermal fibrous structures in the CLSM images were obtained by principal component analysis (PCA) of these feature values. The fibrous structures were scored on the basis of qualitative characteristics and then age-related changes in the scores among the subjects were quantitatively evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PCA results showed that there were two characteristics in the images of fibrous structures: clearness and directionality. The clearness of fibrous structures decreased and directionality isotropy increased with age.
authors.affiliation: Pola Chemical Industries Inc, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizukoshi
authors.affiliation: Pola Chemical Industries Inc, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirayama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002610:Cheek / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D020405:Dermis / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D025341:Principal Component Analysis / Q000379:methods; D012867:Skin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen
keywords: aging; collagen; dermal fibrous structure; face; image analysis