title: Case Report of a Pressure Ulcer Occurring Over the Nasal Bridge Due to a Non-Invasive Ventilation Facial Mask.
abstract: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is used in patients with respiratory failure, sleep apnoea, and dyspnoea related to pulmonary oedema. NIV is provided through a facial mask. Many complications of NIV facial masks have been reported, including the breakdown of facial skin. We report a case of an elderly male admitted with multiple co-morbidities. The facial mask was applied continuously for NIV, without any relief or formal monitoring of the underlying skin. It resulted in a Grade II pressure ulcer. We discuss the possible mechanism and offer advice for prevention of such device-related pressure ulcers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, PNS Shifa Hospital, DHA II, Karachi 75500, Pakistan ; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Bahria University, DHA -II, Karachi ; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: Farooq A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Rathore
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Faria
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Umar U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Zahoor
keywords: intensive care; nursing; pressure ulcer; prevention; ventilation; wounds