title: Inflammatory Properties of Diet and Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis in a Cohort of Iranian Adults.
abstract: We aimed to investigate associations of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) with glucose-insulin homeostasis markers, and the risk of glucose intolerance. This cross-sectional study included 2975 adults from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h post-load glucose (2h-PG), and fasting serum insulin were measured. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-B), and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were calculated. Glucose tolerance abnormalities included impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). DII scores were positively associated with 2h-PG (β = 0.04;p= 0.05). There was no significant linear trend across quartiles of DII for adjusted means of glucose-insulin homeostasis markers. Participants in the highest quartile of DII score tended to have higher FPG compared to those in the second quartile of DII score (5.46 vs. 5.38 mmol/L,p= 0.07) and higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR compared to those in the lowest quartile (8.52 vs. 8.12 µU/mL for fasting insulin,p= 0.07; 2.06 vs. 1.96 for HOMA-IR,p= 0.08). No significant associations were observed between DII and risk of IFG, IGT, T2DM, and insulin resistance. Among glucose-insulin homeostasis markers, DII had a positive weak association only with 2h-PG.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran. moslehinazanin@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Nazanin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moslehi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran. behi.nutrist@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Behnaz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ehsani
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran. mirmiran@endocrine.ac.ir.|Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran. mirmiran@endocrine.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mirmiran
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. shivappa@mailbox.sc.edu.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. shivappa@mailbox.sc.edu.|Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA. shivappa@mailbox.sc.edu.
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shivappa
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran. tohidi@endocrine.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tohidi
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. Jhebert@mailbox.sc.edu.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. Jhebert@mailbox.sc.edu.|Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA. Jhebert@mailbox.sc.edu.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hébert
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran. azizi@endocrine.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Fereidoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azizi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007328:Insulin
keywords: dietary inflammatory index; glucose metabolism; glucose tolerance abnormality; insulin sensitivity