title: Caring for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Youth in Inclusive and Affirmative Environments.
abstract: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning (LGBTQ) youth may experience interpersonal and structural stigma within the health care environment. This article begins by reviewing special considerations for the care of LGBTQ youth, then turns to systems-level principles underlying inclusive and affirming care. It then examines specific strategies that individual providers can use to provide more patient-centered care, and concludes with a discussion of how clinics and health systems can tailor clinical services to the needs of LGBTQ youth.
authors.affiliation: Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: scott.hadland@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hadland
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1021 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Medicine Program for LGBT Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1021 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Baligh R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Yehia
authors.affiliation: The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, 1340 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Harvey J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Makadon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016497:Adolescent Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006716:Homosexuality / Q000523:psychology*; D018452:Homosexuality, Female / Q000523:psychology; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D063106:Transgender Persons / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Adolescents; Ambulatory care; Primary health care; Reproductive health services; Sexuality