title: Infection and inflammation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
abstract: The present study investigated the relationship between exposure to infectious agents and inflammation markers in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BP), and controls without a psychiatric disorder. We measured plasma levels of antibodies and innate immune markers and correlated them with clinical symptoms and cognitive function. In both SZ and BP, we found an increase in soluble CD14, and in BP an increase in C-reactive protein, IgM class antibodies against cytomegalovirus (CMV), and IgG class antibodies against herpes simplex virus 2. Furthermore in BP, we observed a negative relationship between IgG antibodies against CMV and scores for cognitive function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Teppei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsay N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.affiliation: Stanley Laboratory of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Shuojia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Katrina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Stanley Laboratory of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Emily G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Severance
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Stanley Laboratory of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Yolken
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: asawa1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: weaton1@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Eaton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000821:virology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000821:virology*; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000032:analysis*; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D000099153:Pentraxins
keywords: Antibody level; Bipolar disorder; Inflammation; Neurocognition; Schizophrenia