title: [The relationship between metabolic disorders and small for gestational age with idiopathic premature adrenarche].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is still controversy on the relationship between idiopathic premature adrenarche (IPA) and a history of small for gestational age, as well as the concomitant presence of obesity and other metabolic disturbances. An attempt is made to study these potential associations in a cohort of girls with IPA from our hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted that included girls with a diagnosis of IPA from the Paediatric Department of the Fundación Jiménez Díaz (Madrid, Spain) between January 2007 and May 2015. A record was made of family and personal history with perinatal data, as well as anthropometric data and biochemical values at the time of diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of a total of 76 girls with IPA, 2.7% had a history of small for gestational age. When body mass index was analysed according to modified criteria of WHO 2007/Cole 2000, 11.8% were overweight, and 11.8% were obese at diagnosis. Using the criteria set by the Spanish Ministry of Health, 6.6% were overweight and 18.4% obese, with 21.2% of the girls being insulin resistance, and 13.95% having dyslipidaemia. None of them had hypertension. From a comparative analysis between normal and overweight and obesity IPA girls, the latter had significantly higher levels of triglycerides and insulin, a higher HOMA index, and lower levels of HDL cholesterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IPA girls included in the study do not have a higher prevalence of small for gestational age compared to the general population. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in girls with IPA is not higher than the prevalence in the normal population.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Mejorado Molano
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Andrés Zallo
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fornos Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Unidad de Endocrinología Infantil, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pérez Segura
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Unidad de Endocrinología Infantil, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Laboratorio de Lípidos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gavela Pérez
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud Palma Norte, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: María Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sanz Calvo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Unidad de Endocrinología Infantil, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Laboratorio de Lípidos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España. Electronic address: leansor4@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Leandro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Soriano Guillén
mesh_terms: D050499:Adrenarche; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D011629:Puberty, Precocious / Q000150:complications*
keywords: Adrenarquia prematura idiopática; Idiopathic premature adrenarche; Obesidad y pequeño para edad gestacional; Obesity and small for gestational age; Overweight; Sobrepeso