title: The Brief Cognitive Impairment Scale (BCIS): preliminary investigation of a severe-stage dementia test emphasizing cognitive processing and interpersonal tolerance.
abstract: We describe the development and validation of The Brief Cognitive Impairment Scale (BCIS), a cognitive screening instrument designed for persons with severe-stage dementia. Psychometric analyses were performed on neuropsychological data from long-term care residents (N = 247) who completed a brief battery of tests, including the BCIS. A principle component analysis yielded three factors that provide insight into how persons with severe dementia cognitively process information and may tolerate specific aspects of social stimulation, such as during personal care. A BCIS cut score can be used to identify severe dementia with a sensitivity of .82, a specificity of .84, and an area under the curve of .89. It may be used by clinicians or caregivers when advanced dementia is suspected, as an alternative to measures with suspected floor effects, when residents cannot tolerate more demanding assessment tools, and as part of non-pharmacologic treatment plans for behavior disturbances associated with dementia.
authors.affiliation: a Mansbach Health Tools, LLC , Simpsonville , MD , USA.
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Mansbach
authors.affiliation: a Mansbach Health Tools, LLC , Simpsonville , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Ryan A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mace
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D003071:Cognition; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011594:Psychometrics; D012372:ROC Curve; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012919:Social Behavior
keywords: Cognitive screening; behavioral management; long-term care; psychometrics; severe dementia