title: Validation of the clutter image rating (CIR) scale among psychiatric outpatients in Singapore.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Clutter Image Rating (CIR) Scale though extensively used to assess hoarding behavior, has mainly been validated in Western populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current study sought to validate the CIR in a sample of psychiatric outpatients (n = 500) in Singapore. Convergent and divergent validity as well as inter-observer reliabilities between participant CIR and interviewer-rated CIR were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CIR performed fairly in identifying participants with and without hoarding problems according to the Savings Inventory Revised (SI-R). The CIR composite demonstrated good convergent validity with the SI-R clutter subscale, the SI-R total and the Activities of Daily Living Scale for Hoarding (ADL-H) scale and discriminant validity with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire - Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings add valuable knowledge to the utility of the CIR in an Asian population.
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore. vathsala_sagayadevan@imh.com.sg.
authors.forename: Vathsala
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sagayadevan
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
authors.forename: Ying Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.|Present address: Department of Psychology, Utah State University, 2810 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-2810, USA.
authors.forename: Clarissa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.|Present address: Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Siau Pheng
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
authors.forename: Siow Ann
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
authors.forename: Mythily
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D060845:Hoarding / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015588:Observer Variation; D010045:Outpatients; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012846:Singapore; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Clutter; Hoarding; SI-R; Validation