title: Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in non-small cell lung cancer: the era of immunotherapy.
abstract: Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been conventionally treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy with short-lived responses and significant toxicities. Monoclonal antibodies to programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have shown tremendous promise in the treatment of advanced NSCLC in various clinical trials. Areas covered: In this article, we will review the outcomes of various trials of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibodies in the treatment of NSCLC. We will also discuss their mechanism of action and toxicities. Expert commentary: Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies offer several advantages including significant antitumor activity, induction of long lasting responses, and favorable safety profile. Several trials are now being conducted to evaluate their efficacy as first line agents as well as in combination with other agents. More research is also needed to identify other biomarkers, in addition to PD-L1 expression, that could more reliably predict response to these drugs, and aid in better patient selection.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine , Staten Island University Hospital , Staten Island , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Gautam Kishore
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Valecha
authors.affiliation: b Department of Hematology-Oncology , Staten Island University Hospital , Staten Island , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Adarsh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vennepureddy
authors.affiliation: b Department of Hematology-Oncology , Staten Island University Hospital , Staten Island , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Uroosa
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine , Staten Island University Hospital , Staten Island , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Firas
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Safa
authors.affiliation: c Department of Hematology-Oncology , SUNY Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Bachar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Samra
authors.affiliation: b Department of Hematology-Oncology , Staten Island University Hospital , Staten Island , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Jean Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Atallah
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D018579:Patient Selection; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C423236:CD274 protein, human; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
keywords: Immunotherapy; atezolizumab; avelumab; durvalumab; nivolumab; non-small cell lung cancer; pembrolizumab