title: Suppression of TNF-α and free radicals reduces systematic inflammatory and metabolic disorders: Radioprotective effects of ginseng oligopeptides on intestinal barrier function and antioxidant defense.
abstract: Irradiation therapy is markedly associated with intestinal injure and oxidant stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mey.) oligopeptides (GOP) on irradiation-induced intestinal injury and antioxidant defense in mice. BALB/c mice (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into six groups: vehicle control, irradiation control (IR), IR+whey protein [0.30 g/kg body weight (BW)], IR+GOP 0.15 g/kg BW, IR+GOP 0.30 g/kg BW and IR+GOP 0.60 g/kg BW. Postirradiation 30-day survival trial, white blood cells count and bone marrow hematopoietic system damage were performed to identify the injury degree induced by irradiation. Then, histopathology analysis was observed and intestinal permeability in vivo was quantified with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine antioxidant ability, plasma inflammatory cytokines, diamine oxidase (DAO) and endotoxin (LPS) levels. The immunohistochemistry assay was used to analyze the expression levels of tight junction proteins. We found that GOP-treated mice exhibited lower concentrations of plasma LPS and DAO and decreased instructors of inflammatory and oxidative stress which were linked to the lower intestinal permeability and higher tight junction proteins expression. The blockage of GOP was linked with the reduction of TNF-α and free radicals. The 15-day pretreatment of GOP could exhibit radioprotective effects, and another 15-day posttreatment benefited the quick repair of irradiation-induced injury. We confirm that GOP would exhibit effective therapeutic value on attenuating irradiation-induced hematopoietic, gastrointestinal and oxidative injury in cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Li-Xia
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jun-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing-Qin
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jinwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Qi-He
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Feng
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, PR China. Electronic address: liyongbmu@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Antioxidant; Ginseng oligopeptides; Inflammatory; Intestinal permeability; Tight junction