title: Work-family conflict and enrichment in nurses: between job demands, perceived organisational support and work-family backlash.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated how work relationships (perceived organisational support, supervisor and co-worker work-family backlash) and job demands (workload, emotional dissonance) can interact with work-family conflict and work-family enrichment.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Despite the extensive literature on the work-family interface, few studies on the nursing profession have considered the role of job demands and work relationships, focusing on both the positive and negative side of the work-family interface.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved a sample of 500 nurses working in an Italian hospital. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to test hypotheses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses showed that work-family conflict has a positive relationship with job demands and supervisor backlash, and a negative relationship with perceived organisational support. Work-family enrichment was found to have a negative relationship with job demands and a positive relationship with perceived organisational support. No significant relationships were found between work-family enrichment and both backlash dimensions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study confirmed the importance of promoting a balance between job demands and resources in order to create favourable conditions for work-family enrichment and to prevent work-family conflict.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that it may be advisable for health-care organisations to invest in measures at individual, team and organisational levels, specifically in training and counselling for nurses and supervisors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ghislieri
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy.|Durham University Business School, University of Durham, UK.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molino
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Cortese
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010465:Perception; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017132:Workplace / Q000592:standards*
keywords: job demands; nurses; perceived organisational support; work-family backlash; work-family conflict; work-family enrichment