title: Isolation and characterization of a novel cadmium-regulated Yellow Stripe-Like transporter (SnYSL3) in Solanum nigrum.
abstract: SnYSL3 encodes a plasma-localized transporter delivering various metal-nicotianamine complexes. The expression of SnYSL3 is up-regulated by excess Cd, suggesting an important role for SnYSL3 in response to Cd stress. The Yellow Stripe-Like (YSL) transporters have been proposed to participate in metal uptake and long-range transport in model plants. In this study, we isolated and characterized a novel member of the YSL gene family, SnYSL3, from the cadmium hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum. SnYSL3 was constitutively expressed and encodes a plasma membrane-localized protein. In situ RNA hybridization localized the SnYSL3 transcripts predominantly in vascular tissues and epidermal cells of the roots and stems, while in leaves, the mRNA levels were high in the vasculature. The SnYSL3 expression level was up-regulated by excess Cd, excess Fe and Cu deficiency. Heterologous expression of SnYSL3 in yeast revealed that SnYSL3 transports nicotianamine complexes containing Fe(II), Cu, Zn and Cd. SnYSL3 overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana decreased Fe and Mn concentrations in the roots and increased the root-to-shoot translocation ratios of Fe and Mn. Under Cd exposure, the transgenic plants showed increased translocation ratios of Fe and Cd, but no difference was observed in Mn translocation from roots to shoots between the transgenic and wild-type lines. Although the accurate function of SnYSL3 remains to be confirmed, these results suggest that SnYSL3 is a transporter delivering a broad range of metal-nicotianamine complexes and is potentially important for the response to heavy metal stress, especially due to Cd and Fe.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jinjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuxiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shuqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. hwang@ucas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. tychai@ucas.ac.cn.|Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. tychai@ucas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Tuanyao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chai
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D021381:Protein Transport; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D032324:Solanum nigrum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D008345:Manganese; D007501:Iron
keywords: Cadmium stress; Iron; Metal transporter; Nicotianamine; Solanum nigrum; Yellow stripe-like