title: Time to question diabetes self-management support for Arabic-speaking migrants: exploring a new model of care.
abstract: The objective of this study was to explore a new model for diabetes self-management support in Arabic-speaking migrants.
  
  
  
  Two qualitative methods were used: face-to-face semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and coded thematically. Arabic-speaking migrants with Type 2 diabetes were recruited from several primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare settings in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. These settings were purposefully selected to obtain a diverse group of participants. Data collection continued until saturation was reached. This is the first study that involved members of Arabic-speaking communities in Australia in a formal process of consumer and public involvement to inform research design and recruitment in order to provide evidence for a new model of diabetes self-management for Arabic-speaking migrants.
  
  
  
  No self-management support was offered to Arabic-speaking migrants beyond the initial diagnosis period. Significant knowledge gaps and skills deficits in all self-management domains were evident. The provision of tailored self-management support was considered crucial. When asked about preferred structure and delivery modalities, a strong preference was reported for face-to-face storytelling interactions over telephone- or internet-based interventions. Gender-specific group education and self-management support sessions delivered by Arabic-speaking diabetes health professionals, lay peers or social workers trained in diabetes self-management were highly regarded.
  
  
  
  A patient and public involvement approach allows genuine engagement with Arabic-speaking migrants with diabetes. There is urgent need for a new model for self-management support among Arabic-speaking migrants. Findings yielded new recommendations for diabetes health professionals working with these migrant communities to support behaviour change.
authors.affiliation: Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.|Department of Pharmacy Practice, Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash University, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alzubaidi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash University, Parkville, Australia.|School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia.|Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mc Namara
authors.affiliation: RDNS Research Institute, St Kilda, Victoria, Australia.|International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China.|School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Browning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018912:Arabs; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D003256:Community Participation; D065246:Culturally Competent Care / Q000208:ethnology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010379:Peer Group; D000072858:Psychosocial Support Systems; D000073278:Self-Management / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014739:Victoria