title: Mechanistic insight into carnosol-mediated pharmacological effects: Recent trends and advancements.
abstract: For several decades, bioactive phytochemicals have been appreciated to prevent and cure various lethal diseases. Many studies have proven the ability of dietary phytochemicals to avoid and retard tumor initiation and progression. Among the pharmacologically active moieties, terpenoids are considered one of the most important classes. Carnosol, is also a kind of diterpenoid, which known to possess a range of therapeutic effects such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. All these effects are mediated via modulating different signaling cascades, including apoptosis regulating molecules (Bax/Bcl2), prosurvival-proproliferative molecules (Akt/mTOR, MAPK), transcription factors like NF-kappaB, STAT3-6, and steroid receptors, such as androgen and estrogen receptors. The present review highlights the recent trends and advancements have been done in the field of research by using carnosol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab 160012, India.
authors.forename: Dharambir
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kashyap
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Tikker-Kharwarian, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 17604, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India. Electronic address: hardeep.biotech@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hardeep Singh
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Tuli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India.
authors.forename: Tapan K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; C068623:carnosol
keywords: Anti-angiogenesis; Anti-inflammation; Anti-metastasis; Anti-proliferation; Apoptosis; Carnosol; Diterpenoid