title: Measuring trust in nurses - Psychometric properties of the Trust in Nurses Scale in four countries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine psychometric properties of three translated versions of the Trust in Nurses Scale (TNS) and cancer patients' perceptions of trust in nurses in a sample of cancer patients from four European countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, cross-cultural, multi-site survey design was used. The data were collected with the Trust in Nurses Scale from patients with different types of malignancies in 17 units within five clinical sites (n = 599) between 09/2012 and 06/2014. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, multivariate methods and psychometrics using exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, item analysis and Rasch analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The psychometric properties of the data were consistent in all countries. Within the exploratory factor analysis the principal component analysis supported the one component structure (unidimensionality) of the TNS. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable. The Rasch analysis supported the unidimensionality of the TNS cross-culturally. All items of the TNS demonstrated acceptable goodness-of-fit to the Rasch model. Cancer patients trusted nurses to a great extent although between-country differences were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Trust in Nurses Scale proved to be a valid and reliable tool for measuring patients' trust in nurses in oncological settings in international contexts.
authors.affiliation: University of Turku, Department of Nursing Science, Turku, Finland. Electronic address: minna.stolt@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stolt
authors.affiliation: University of Turku, Department of Nursing Science, Turku, Finland; Cyprus University of Technology, Department of Nursing Studies, Limassol, Cyprus. Electronic address: andreas.charalambous@cut.ac.cy.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Charalambous
authors.affiliation: Boston VAMC, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: laurel.radwin@va.gov.
authors.forename: Laurel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Radwin
authors.affiliation: St Savvas Anticancer Hospital, Greece. Electronic address: christinaadam7@yahoo.gr.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.affiliation: University of Turku, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Turku, Finland. Electronic address: jouko.katajisto@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Jouko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Katajisto
authors.affiliation: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Nursing, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: clemonid@nurs.uoa.gr.
authors.forename: Chryssoula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lemonidou
authors.affiliation: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Nursing, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: epatiraki@nurs.uoa.gr.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Patiraki
authors.affiliation: Lund University, Department of Health Sciences and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: katarina.sjovall@skane.se.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sjövall
authors.affiliation: University of Turku, Department of Nursing Science, Turku, Finland; Turku University Hospital and City of Turku Welfare Division, Finland. Electronic address: suhonen.riitta@kolumbus.fi.
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suhonen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003535:Cyprus; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000523:psychology*; D009859:Oncology Nursing; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010361:Patients / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D014177:Translations; D035502:Trust / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cancer care; Cross-cultural study; Nurse; Nursing; Psychometrics; Rasch analysis; Scale; Trust