title: Adaptive illumination reduces photobleaching in structured illumination microscopy.
abstract: Photobleaching is a major factor limiting the observation time in fluorescence microscopy. We achieve photobleaching reduction in structured illumination microscopy (SIM) by locally adjusting the illumination intensities according to the sample. Adaptive SIM is enabled by a digital micro-mirror device (DMD), which provides a projection of the grayscale illumination patterns. We demonstrate a reduction in photobleaching by a factor of three in adaptive SIM compared to the non-adaptive SIM based on a spot grid scanning approach. Our proof-of-principle experiments show great potential for DMD-based microscopes to become a more useful tool in live-cell SIM imaging.
authors.affiliation: Imaging Physics Department, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nadya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chakrova
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Alicia Soler
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Canton
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Danelon
authors.affiliation: Imaging Physics Department, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ Delft, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Sjoerd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stallinga
authors.affiliation: Imaging Physics Department, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ Delft, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rieger
keywords: (100.6640) Superresolution; (110.1085) Adaptive imaging; (180.2520) Fluorescence microscopy