title: Incidence of Port-Site Hernias: A Survey and Literature Review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The impact of laparoscopy on the prevalence of incisional hernias remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine (1) surgeon perceptions of port-site hernias (PSHs), (2) the true incidence of PSH.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey on PSH was given to determine the surgeon-reported rate of PSH. A literature review was performed for studies with a primary outcome of PSH. Studies were evaluated using checklists, and scores were used to compare risk of bias. Risk of bias was graphed against PSH incidence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 38 surgeons surveyed, the surgeon perceived rate of PSH was a median (range) of 0.5% (0% to 5%) for ports ≤5 mm, 5% (0.1% to 20%) for ports extended, and 5% (0.1% to 40%) for ports ≥10 mm. Thirty studies showed a PSH rate from 0% to 39.3%. Higher quality studies reported higher rates of PSH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgeons underestimate the incidence of PSH, but high-quality literature suggests that it may be nearly 40%.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX †Department of Gynecology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA §Department of Surgery, Marina Del Rey Hospital, Los Angeles, CA ∥Department of Surgery, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Las Vegas, Nevada ‡Department of Surgery, Midland Regional Hospital, Westmeath, Ireland.
authors.forename: Julie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Holihan
authors.forename: Jeffery S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: Dermot
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hehir
authors.forename: Sean M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Mike K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D002511:Cephalosporins; D014943:Global Health; D006555:Hernia, Ventral / Q000601:surgery*; D059685:Herniorrhaphy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D000069290:Incisional Hernia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; C063437:MT 0703