title: Heartworm Removal Guided by Transesophageal Echocardiography in a Dog with Naturally Acquired Caval Syndrome.
abstract: A 14 mo old shih tzu was referred for dyspnea, hemoptysis, and hematuria. Heartworm disease with caval syndrome was diagnosed by laboratory tests, thoracic radiography, and transthoracic echocardiography. The minimally invasive heartworm removal procedure was performed using flexible alligator forceps guided by transesophageal echocardiography. The procedure was successfully performed removing over 94% of heartworms displayed echocardiographically without any intraoperative complication.
authors.affiliation: From the Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Valenzano, Italy (L.C.); Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy (G.R., O.D.); and Ospedale Veterinario Citta' di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (L.V.).
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cavaliere
authors.affiliation: From the Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Valenzano, Italy (L.C.); Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy (G.R., O.D.); and Ospedale Veterinario Citta' di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (L.V.).
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romito
authors.affiliation: From the Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Valenzano, Italy (L.C.); Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy (G.R., O.D.); and Ospedale Veterinario Citta' di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (L.V.).
authors.forename: Oriol
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Domenech
authors.affiliation: From the Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Valenzano, Italy (L.C.); Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy (G.R., O.D.); and Ospedale Veterinario Citta' di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (L.V.).
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Venco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary*; D004184:Dirofilariasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000662:veterinary*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D008297:Male