title: Exercise stereotypes and health-related outcomes in French people living with HIV: development and validation of an HIV Exercise Stereotypes Scale (HIVESS).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The main objective of the current study was to develop and validate a French exercise stereotype scale for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in order to gain visibility to the possible barriers and facilitators for exercise in PLHIV and thus enhance their quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of four complementary studies was carried out with a total sample of 524 participants to: (a) develop a preliminary version of the HIV Exercise Stereotype Scale (HIVESS) (Stage 1), (b) confirm the factorial structure of the instrument (Stage 2), (c) evaluate the stability of the instrument (Stage 3), and (d) examine the construct and divergent validity of the scale (Stage 4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results provided support for a 14-item scale with three sub-scales reporting stereotypes related to exercise benefits, exercise risks and lack of capacity for exercise with Cronbach's alphas of .77, .69 and .76 respectively. Results showed good factorial structure, strong reliability and indicators of convergent validity relating to self-efficacy, exercise and quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HIVESS presented satisfactory psychometric properties, constitutes a reliable and valid instrument to measure exercise stereotypes among PLHIV and has applications for future research and clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France. lgray@unice.fr.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8194-5812
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Charlène
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falzon
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergamaschi
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schuft
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.|CHU (Départment de Maladies Infectieuses), Université Côte D'azur, Archet 1, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Durant
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.|CHU (Départment de Maladies Infectieuses), Université Côte D'azur, Archet 1, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.|CHU (Département de Santé Publique), Université Côte D'azur, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pradier
authors.affiliation: Université Paris-Diderot, EA 7334, (Patient-Centered Outcomes Research), Paris, France.|AP-HP, Hopital Bicêtre (Departement de Médecine Interne et d'Immunologie Clinique), Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duracinsky
authors.affiliation: Départment de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nimes, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rouanet
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Serge S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Colson
authors.affiliation: Université Côte D'azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: d'Arripe-Longueville
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013240:Stereotyping; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*
keywords: Exercise; HIV/AIDS; Scale development; Stereotypes