title: Biokinetics of food additive silica nanoparticles and their interactions with food components.
abstract: Nanomaterials have been widely utilized in the food industry in production, packaging, sensors, nutrient delivery systems, and food additives. However, research on the interactions between food-grade nanoparticles and biomolecules as well as their potential toxicity is limited. In the present study, the in vivo solubility, oral absorption, tissue distribution, and excretion kinetics of one of the most extensively used food additives, silica (SiO2) were evaluated with respect to particle size (nano vs bulk) following single-dose oral administration to rats. Intestinal transport mechanism was investigated using a 3D culture system, in vitro model of human intestinal follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). The effect of the presence of food components, such as sugar and protein, on the oral absorption of nanoparticles was also evaluated with focus on their interactions. The results obtained demonstrated that the oral absorption of nanoparticles (3.94±0.38%) was greater than that of bulk materials (2.95±0.37%), possibly due to intestinal transport by microfold (M) cells. On the other hand, particle size was found to have no significant effect on in vivo dissolution property, biodistribution, or excretion kinetics. Oral absorption profile of silica nanoparticles was highly dependent on the presence of sugar or protein, showing rapid absorption rate in glucose, presumably due to their surface interaction on nanoparticles. These findings will be useful for predicting the potential toxicity of food-grade nanoparticles and for understanding biological interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Food System, Major of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Food System, Major of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medical Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwondo 26493, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Food System, Major of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Rae
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Food System, Major of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medical Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwondo 26493, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: youngkim@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young-Rok
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medical Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwondo 26493, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jaemin.oh@yonsei.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jae-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Food System, Major of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sjchoi@swu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Soo-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D005502:Food; D005503:Food Additives / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013499:Surface Properties; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D005503:Food Additives; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D005947:Glucose; D012825:Silicon
keywords: Food component; Interaction; Intestinal transport; Oral absorption; Silica nanoparticles; Size effect; Surface interaction