title: In vitro activity of ceftobiprole on 440 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bronchopulmonary infections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the in vitro activity of ceftobiprole on 440 Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains isolated from bronchopulmonary infections (2010-2014).
  
  
  METHODS
  S. aureus isolates were characterized for methicillin resistance, PVL status, and clonal complex. All isolates were tested for minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) determination by broth microdilution method for ceftobiprole, ceftaroline fosamil, and comparator antibiotics (linezolid, tigecycline, vancomycin, and daptomycin).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 325 (74%) strains were methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and 115 (26%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA); 105 (24%) S. aureus strains were PVL-positive, including 35.2% (37/105) MRSA and 64.8% (68/105) MSSA. Ceftobiprole was highly active against S. aureus with MIC90of 1 mg/L, MICs ranging between 0.12 and 4mg/L (only one resistant strain, MIC of 4 mg/L). MIC50and MIC90were twice lower in MSSA than MRSA. Moreover, PVL+MRSA were slightly more susceptible to ceftobiprole (MIC50of 0.5 mg/L and MIC90of 1 mg/L) than PVL-MRSA (MIC50and MIC90of 1 mg/L). The ceftobiprole-resistant strain was also resistant to ceftaroline fosamil and presented the D239L mutation in PBP2A. The comparator antibiotics were equally active on the strains tested, with MIC90of 0.5 mg/L for ceftaroline fosamil, tigecycline, and daptomycin; 1 mg/L for vancomycin; and 2 mg/L for linezolid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that ceftobiprole is highly active against S. aureus and is an effective alternative to vancomycin or linezolid in the management of staphylococcal pneumonia. However, close monitoring of isolates should be maintained to prevent resistant strain diffusion.
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France; International Center for Infectiology Research, 69007 Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5308, Inserm U1111, École normale supérieure de Lyon, université Lyon 1, 69495 Lyon, France. Electronic address: elisabeth.hodille@chu-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hodille
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Delouere
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouveyron
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meugnier
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France; International Center for Infectiology Research, 69007 Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5308, Inserm U1111, École normale supérieure de Lyon, université Lyon 1, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bes
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France; International Center for Infectiology Research, 69007 Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5308, Inserm U1111, École normale supérieure de Lyon, université Lyon 1, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tristan
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France; International Center for Infectiology Research, 69007 Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5308, Inserm U1111, École normale supérieure de Lyon, université Lyon 1, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France; International Center for Infectiology Research, 69007 Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5308, Inserm U1111, École normale supérieure de Lyon, université Lyon 1, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vandenesch
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France; International Center for Infectiology Research, 69007 Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5308, Inserm U1111, École normale supérieure de Lyon, université Lyon 1, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lina
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des staphylocoques, institut des agents infectieux, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France; International Center for Infectiology Research, 69007 Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5308, Inserm U1111, École normale supérieure de Lyon, université Lyon 1, 69495 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dumitrescu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011023:Pneumonia, Staphylococcal / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; C443755:ceftobiprole
keywords: Bronchopulmonary infections; Ceftaroline fosamil; Ceftobiprole; Céftaroline; Céftobiprole; Infections broncho-pulmonaires; Staphylococcus aureus