title: Djulis (Chenopodium formosanumKoidz.) Water Extract and Its Bioactive Components Ameliorate Dermal Damage in UVB-Irradiated Skin Models.
abstract: Dermal photoaging is a condition of skin suffering inappropriate ultraviolet (UV) exposure and exerts inflammation, tissue alterations, redness, swelling, and uncomfortable feelings. Djulis (Chenopodium formosanumKoidz.) is a cereal food and its antioxidant and pigment constituents may provide skin protection from photoaging, but it still lacks proved experiments. In this study, protective effects of djulis extract (CFE) on UVB-irradiated skin were explored. The results showed that HaCaT cells with 150μg/mL CFE treatment had higher survival and less production of interleukin- (IL-) 6, matrix metalloprotease- (MMP-) 1, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in UVB-irradiated conditions. Subsequently, in animal studies, mice supplemented with CFE (100 mg/kg BW) were under UVB irradiation and had thinner epidermis and lower IL-6 levels in skin layer. These data demonstrate that bioactive compounds possessing the potency of antiphotoaging exist in CFE. Following that, we found rutin and chlorogenic acid (10-100μM) could significantly increase cell viability and decrease the production of IL-6 in UVB models. Additionally, djulis pigment-betanin has no effect of increasing cell viability in this study. Our findings suggest CFE can protect skin against UV-induced damage and this protection is mainly from contributions of rutin and chlorogenic acid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yong-Han
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0032-9167
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Technology and Science, Pingtung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pi-Jen
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D027462:Chenopodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014867:Water; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D012431:Rutin; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1