title: Metabolism and phospholipid assembly of polyunsaturated fatty acids in human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells.
abstract: High arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and low n-3 PUFA levels impair the capacity of cultured human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) to modulate immune functions. The capacity of the hBMSCs to modify PUFA structures was found to be limited. Therefore, different PUFA supplements given to the cells resulted in very different glycerophospholipid (GPL) species profiles and substrate availability for phospholipases, which have preferences for polar head group and acyl chains when liberating PUFA precursors for production of lipid mediators. When supplemented with 20:4n-6, the cells increased prostaglandin E2 secretion. However, they elongated 20:4n-6 to the less active precursor, 22:4n-6, and also incorporated it into triacylglycerols, which may have limited the proinflammatory signaling. The n-3 PUFA precursor, 18:3n-3, had little potency to reduce the GPL 20:4n-6 content, while the eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) acid supplements efficiently displaced the 20:4n-6 acyls, and created diverse GPL species substrate pools allowing attenuation of inflammatory signaling. The results emphasize the importance of choosing appropriate PUFA supplements for in vitro hBMSC expansion and suggests that for optimal function they require an exogenous fatty acid source providing 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 sufficiently, but 20:4n-6 moderately, which calls for specifically designed optimal PUFA supplements for the cultures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Feven
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tigistu-Sahle
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Milla
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lampinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Advanced Therapies and Product Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Lotta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kilpinen
authors.affiliation: Advanced Therapies and Product Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holopainen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Division of Surgery, University of Oulu and Clinical Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Intensive Care, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Surgery, University of Oulu and Clinical Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Intensive Care, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Petri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lehenkari
authors.affiliation: Advanced Therapies and Product Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Saara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laitinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland reijo.kakela@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Reijo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Käkelä
mesh_terms: D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020404:Glycerophospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation / Q000235:genetics; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D020404:Glycerophospholipids; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D015232:Dinoprostone
keywords: arachidonic acid; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; glycerophospholipid; immunomodulation; lipid signaling; mass spectrometry; mesenchymal stromal/stem cell; prostaglandin E2