title: Androgen Deprivation Therapy and the Risk of Dementia in Patients With Prostate Cancer.
abstract: Purpose Recent observational studies have associated the use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with an increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, but these studies had limitations. The objective of this study was to determine whether the use of ADT is associated with an increased risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, in patients with prostate cancer. Patients and Methods Using the United Kingdom's Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we assembled a cohort of 30,903 men newly diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer between April 1, 1988 and April 30, 2015, and observed them until April 30, 2016. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios with 95% CIs of dementia associated with the use of ADT compared with nonuse. ADT exposure was lagged by 1 year to account for delays associated with the diagnosis of dementia and to minimize reverse causality. Secondary analyses assessed whether the risk varied with cumulative duration of use and by ADT type. Results During a mean (standard deviation) follow-up of 4.3 (3.6) years, 799 patients were newly diagnosed with dementia (incidence, 6.0; 95% CI, 5.6 to 6.4) per 1,000 person-years. Compared with nonuse, ADT use was not associated with an increased risk of dementia (incidence, 7.4 v 4.4 per 1,000 person-years, respectively; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.19). In secondary analyses, cumulative duration of use ( P for heterogeneity = .78) and no single type of ADT were associated with an increased risk of dementia. Conclusion In this population-based study, the use of ADT was not associated with an increased risk of dementia. Additional studies in different settings are needed to confirm these findings.
authors.affiliation: Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Hui Yin, and Laurent Azoulay, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Soham Rej, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Armen Aprikian, and Laurent Azoulay, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; and Soham Rej, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Farzin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khosrow-Khavar
authors.affiliation: Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Hui Yin, and Laurent Azoulay, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Soham Rej, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Armen Aprikian, and Laurent Azoulay, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; and Soham Rej, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Soham
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rej
authors.affiliation: Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Hui Yin, and Laurent Azoulay, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Soham Rej, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Armen Aprikian, and Laurent Azoulay, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; and Soham Rej, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Hui Yin, and Laurent Azoulay, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Soham Rej, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Armen Aprikian, and Laurent Azoulay, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; and Soham Rej, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Armen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aprikian
authors.affiliation: Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Hui Yin, and Laurent Azoulay, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Soham Rej, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Armen Aprikian, and Laurent Azoulay, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; and Soham Rej, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Azoulay
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003704:Dementia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists