title: Effect of olive leaf extract on glucose levels in diabetes-induced rats: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present systematic review statistically analyzed randomized controlled trials on olive leaf extract (OLE) for effectiveness in managing glucose levels in diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was performed using PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EBSCO host databases. Selected articles, with no date restriction in the search process, were assessed independently by the authors using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies. Data from eight trials on 162 rats were reviewed. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta Analysis version 3.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combined random effects analysis revealed that treatment of diabetic rats with OLE significantly increased insulin levels (standardized mean difference [SMD] 4.83 μIU/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.13, 7.54) and reduced blood glucose levels (SMD -4.21 mg/dL; 95% CI -5.75, -2.67). Secondary outcomes included significant reductions in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, with a forest plot showing hypolipidemic effects among OLE-treated rats compared with placebo (SMD -6.32 mg/dL [95% CI -9.75, -2.88] and -4.22 mg/dL [95% CI -6.96, -1.48], respectively). There was no significant difference in body weight between OLE-treated rats and the placebo groups (SMD 0.46 g; 95% CI -0.05, 0.96; P  = 0.98).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Olive leaf extract is beneficial for both the lipid profile and glycemic control in diabetes-induced rats and may be as effective among humans.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate, School of Nursing, Saint Louis University, Baguio City, Philippines.
authors.forename: Hamzeh
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-9991
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abunab
authors.affiliation: Scientific Research Unit, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Wireen L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Dator
authors.affiliation: Scientific Research Unit, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hawamdeh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: diabetes mellitus; glucose; lipid profile; olive leaf extract; 橄榄叶提取物; 糖尿病; 血糖; 血脂谱