title: Maternal trans fat intake during pregnancy or lactation impairs memory and alters BDNF and TrkB levels in the hippocampus of adult offspring exposed to chronic mild stress.
abstract: This study aimed to assess the influence of maternal dietary fat intake during pregnancy or lactation on memory of adult offspring after chronic mild stress (CMS) exposure. Female Wistar rats were supplemented daily with soybean oil/fish oil (SO/FO) or hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF) by oral gavage (3.0g/kg body weight) during pregnancy or lactation. On post-natal day (PND) 60, half of the animals were exposed to CMS following behavioral assessments. While the adult offspring born under influence of SO/FO and HVF supplementations during pregnancy showed higher levels of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids (FA) series DHA and ARA metabolites, respectively, in the hippocampus, adult offspring born from supplemented dams during lactation showed higher levels of their precursors: ALA and LA. However, only HVF supplementation allowed TFA incorporation of adult offspring, and levels were higher in lactation period. Adult offspring born from dams supplemented with trans fat in both pregnancy and lactation showed short and long-term memory impairments before and after CMS. Furthermore, our study also showed higher memory impairment in offspring born from HVF-supplemented dams during lactation in comparison to pregnancy. BDNF expression was increased by stress exposure in offspring from both SO/FO- and HVF-supplemented dams during pregnancy. In addition, offspring from HVF-supplemented dams showed decreased TrkB expression in both supplemented periods, regardless of stress exposure. In conclusion, these findings show for the first time that the type of dietary FA as well as the period of brain development is able to change FA incorporation in brain neural membranes.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: camilapase@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Camila Simonetti
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pase
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roversi
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Katiane
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roversi
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Taschetto
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Vey
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Verônica Tironi
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Cristiana
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Veit
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luana Haselein
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emanuelli
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Universidade Luterana do Brazil (ULBRA), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: mariliseescobar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marilise Escobar
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bürger
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D020813:Receptor, trkB / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000473:pathology*; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids; D020813:Receptor, trkB; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: Adult offspring; Early developmental period; Memory; Neurotrophin; Stress exposure; trans fatty acids