title: Antiproliferative, Cytotoxic, and Apoptotic Activity of Steroidal Oximes in Cervicouterine Cell Lines.
abstract: Steroidal sapogenins have shown antiproliferative effects against several tumor cell lines; and their effects on human cancer cells are currently under study. Changes in the functionality on the steroidal structure make it possible to modify the biological activity of compounds. Herein, we report the synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity of two steroidal oxime compounds on cervical cancer cells. These derivatives were synthesized from the steroidal sapogenin diosgenin in good yields. The in vitro assays show that the steroidal oximes show significant antiproliferative activity compared to the one observed for diosgenin. Cell proliferation, cell death, and the cytotoxic effects were determined in both cervical cancer cells and human lymphocytes. The cancer cells showed apoptotic morphology and an increased presence of active caspase-3, providing the notion of a death pathway in the cell. Significantly, the steroidal oximes did not exert a cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 09230 Ciudad de México, Mexico. luisss@unam.mx.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Investigación, Jardín Botánico Universitario, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico. guadalupe.mghl@correo.buap.mx.
authors.forename: María Guadalupe
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hernández-Linares
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico. escobarluisa@ciencias.unam.mx.
authors.forename: María L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Escobar
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 09230 Ciudad de México, Mexico. hugogris@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: López-Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico. ezenteno@unam.mx.|Centro de Investigación UNAM-UABJO, 68120 Oaxaca, Oax., Mexico. ezenteno@unam.mx.
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zenteno
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Cordemex, 97310 Mérida, Yuc., Mexico. mfernandez@cinvestav.mx.
authors.forename: María A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fernández-Herrera
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Investigación, Jardín Botánico Universitario, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico. gabriel.guerrero@alumno.buap.mx.|Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico. gabriel.guerrero@alumno.buap.mx.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Luna
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Investigación, Jardín Botánico Universitario, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico. alan.carballo@alumno.buap.mx.|Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico. alan.carballo@alumno.buap.mx.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrasco-Carballo
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico. jesus.sandoval@correo.buap.mx.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Ramírez
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004144:Diosgenin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D010091:Oximes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013256:Steroids / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010091:Oximes; D013256:Steroids; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D004144:Diosgenin
keywords: (25R)-spirost-4-en-3,6-dione; 23-acetyldiosgenin; antiproliferative activity; apoptosis; steroidal oximes