title: Gravestone decay and the determination of deciduous bulk canopy resistance to acid deposition.
abstract: Gravestone decay and atmospheric concentrations of SO2are used to determine deposition velocities in two adjacent cemeteries in the Birmingham, UK, Jewellery Quarter. Warstone Lane cemetery is essentially open to the environment with only a limited number of trees. Key Hill Cemetery, located within 100m, has a continuous canopy of 100+ year-old London plane; gravestone decay at Key Hill is 50% less than at Lane for the period after 1960. This difference is used to calculate canopy resistance as a residual term assuming that aerodynamic and quasilaminar resistances are generally similar at both sites. Calculated resistances range from approximately 300 to 900sm-1and are consistent with estimated and calculated values from a wide variety of studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 230 Heller Hall, 1114 Kirby Dr., University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA. Electronic address: hmooers@d.umn.edu.
authors.forename: Howard D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Mooers
authors.affiliation: United States Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 240 West Prospect Road, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Massman
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D055699:Cemeteries; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D014197:Trees; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide
keywords: Canopy resistance; Deposition velocity; Gravestone decay; United Kingdom; Urban air quality