title: Roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in M1-polarized macrophages during mycobacterial infections.
abstract: Alteration of macrophage function has an important regulatory impact on the survival of intracellular mycobacteria. We found that macrophages infected with attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strain H37Ra had elevated expression of M1-related molecules, whereas the M2 phenotype was dominant in macrophages infected with virulent Mtb H37Rv. Further, the TLR signalling pathway played an important role in modulating macrophage polarization against Mtb infection. Interestingly, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was significantly increased in M1 polarized macrophages and these macrophages effectively removed intracellular Mtb, indicating that ER stress may be an important component of the host immune response to Mtb in M1 macrophages. This improved understanding of the mechanisms that regulate macrophage polarization could provide new therapeutic strategies for tuberculosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Ae
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Junghwan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Ye
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Man
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 301-721, South Korea.|Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Woon
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 301-721, South Korea.|Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Woong
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.|Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Hwa
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology