title: Effect of chronic glomerulonephritis on the semen quality and cytokines in the semen of infertile males.
abstract: The effects of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) on semen quality and cytokine levels in the semen of infertile males remain undetermined.
  
  
  
  Fifty-eight semen samples from normal males and CGN males with and without infertility, respectively, were analyzed.
  
  
  
  Semen volume, semen pH, sperm density, percentage of forward movement of sperm, sperm activate rate, sperm survival rate, and rate of normal sperm morphology of infertility males with CGN were significantly lower than those of CGN males without infertility and normal males (P<.05). In addition, the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels and interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-18 levels in infertility males with CGN were significantly higher than those of CGN males without infertility and normal males (P<.05).
  
  
  
  CGN increased the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels, which induced abnormal expression of IL-17 and IL-18, and negatively affected male semen quality and might result in male infertility.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive center, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Huina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive center, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yingfen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: Reproductive center, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yilu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Reproductive center, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaosheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Reproductive center, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yonggang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000276:immunology*; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013076:Sperm Count
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: chronic glomerulonephritis; cytokine; sperm quality