title: Acetone and methanol fruit extracts of Terminalia paniculata inhibit HIV-1 infection in vitro.
abstract: In this study, we report the in vitro anti-HIV1 activity of acetone and methanol extracts of fruit of Terminalia paniculata. Cytotoxicity tests were conducted on TZM-bl cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), the CC50values of both the extracts were ≥260 μg/mL. Using TZM-bl cells, the extracts were tested for their ability to inhibit replication of two primary isolates HIV-1 (X4, Subtype D) and HIV-1 (R5, Subtype C). The activity against HIV-1 primary isolate (R5, Subtype C) was confirmed using activated PBMC and by quantification of HIV-1 p24 antigen. Both the extracts showed anti-HIV1 activity in a dose-dependent manner. The EC50values of the acetone and methanol extracts of T. paniculata were ≤10.3 μg/mL. The enzymatic assays were performed to determine the mechanism of action which indicated that the anti-HIV1 activity might be due to inhibition of reverse transcriptase (≥77.7% inhibition) and protease (≥69.9% inhibition) enzymes.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Virology , National AIDS Research Institute , Pune , India.
authors.forename: Ankita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Durge
authors.affiliation: a Department of Virology , National AIDS Research Institute , Pune , India.
authors.forename: Pratiksha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jadaun
authors.affiliation: a Department of Virology , National AIDS Research Institute , Pune , India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wadhwani
authors.affiliation: b Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India.
authors.forename: Ashish A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Chinchansure
authors.affiliation: b Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India.
authors.forename: Madhukar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Said
authors.affiliation: b Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India.
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Thulasiram
authors.affiliation: b Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India.
authors.forename: Swati P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Virology , National AIDS Research Institute , Pune , India.
authors.forename: Smita S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029766:Terminalia
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Terminalia paniculata; acetone extract; anti-HIV1 activity; methanol extract; protease; reverse transcriptase