title: Bilateral Choroidal Metastases from Endobronchial Carcinoid Treated with Somatostatin Analogues.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a patient with bilateral multifocal choroidal metastases from an endobronchial carcinoid treated with a somatostatin analogue.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 60-year-old woman presenting with photopsia in the left eye underwent an extensive ophthalmic examination, including fluorescein angiography, OCT and ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fundoscopy revealed a small retinal tear in the left eye, for which she received laser treatment. In addition, choroidal masses were detected in both eyes. Her medical history of a pneumectomy for a bronchial carcinoid six years earlier together with recent elevated chromogranin A blood levels prompted a diagnosis of choroidal metastases. Subsequently, a Gallium-68 DOTANOC positron emitting tomography/computer tomography scan revealed a spinal cord metastasis and mediastinal as well as mesenterial lymph node invasion. Systemic treatment with Sandostatin®, a somatostatin analogue was started. Up until two years after the initial presentation and treatment, these choroidal lesions remained stable without any signs of growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endobronchial carcinoid tumors have an indolent nature and long-term follow-up is recommended for early detection of metastases. Although treatment with somatostatin analogues rarely induces complete tumor regression, tumor stabilization and prevention of symptoms related to hormone secretion is achieved. This well-tolerated systemic treatment provides a worthy alternative treatment for choroidal metastasis compared to classic radiotherapy without any risk of radiation or laser-related visual loss.
authors.affiliation: Department Ophthalmology, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Bruyn
authors.affiliation: Department Pneumology, Maria Middelares Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamont
authors.affiliation: Department Gastroenterology, Maria Middelares Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vanderstraeten
authors.affiliation: Department Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Belle
authors.affiliation: Department Ophthalmology, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department Ophthalmology, Maria Middelares Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Elise
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Platteau
authors.affiliation: Department Ophthalmology, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Zaeytijd
authors.affiliation: Department Ophthalmology, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department Ophthalmology, Maria Middelares Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Kristien P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Hoornaert
keywords: Carcinoid tumor; Choroidal metastases; Chromogranine A; Somatostatin analogues