title: The relationship between breast milk leptin and adiponectin with child body composition from 3 to 5 years: a follow-up study.
abstract: Research indicates that breast milk contains bioactive components that influence metabolism in infancy and may play a role in the prevention of obesity in early childhood. In our initial study, 147 breastfeeding mother/child pairs were followed from birth to 2 years of age to examine the relationship between breast milk leptin and total adiponectin (collected at 6 weeks and 4 months postpartum) and infant body composition. Higher breast milk total adiponectin was related to greater fat mass and weight gain in children at 1 and 2 years of age, whereas leptin showed no association.
  
  
  
  In this follow-up, we examined the relationship between both adipokines and children's body weight, body mass index percentiles, sum of four skin-folds, percentage of body fat, fat mass and lean body mass at 3, 4 and 5 years of age.
  
  
  
  Breast milk adipokines were largely unrelated to child anthropometric measures.
  
  
  
  Our results do not provide significant evidence that breast milk adipokines can predict adiposity in preschool children.
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brei
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stecher
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Forschergruppe Diabetes, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Much
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.|ZIEL - Institute for Food and Health, Nutritional Medicine Unit, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hauner
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D050154:Adiposity / Q000502:physiology; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D020738:Leptin
keywords: Adipokines; adiponectin; breast milk; childhood obesity