title: Dilemmas of Korean Athletes With a Spinal Cord Injury to Participate in Sports: A Survey Based on the ICF Core Set for Spinal Cord Injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the experiences of athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Korea with respect to dilemmas of participating in sports with regards to the facilitators and barriers, using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).
  
  
  METHODS
  The facilitators and barriers to sports participation of individuals with SCI were examined using 112 ICF categories. A questionnaire in dichotomous scale was answered, which covered the subjects 'Body functions', 'Body structures', 'Activity and participation' and 'Environmental factors'. Data analysis included the use of descriptive statistics to examine the frequency and magnitude of reported issues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-two community-dwelling participants were recruited. Frequently addressed barriers in 'Body functions' were mobility related problems such as muscle and joint problems, bladder and bowel functions, pressure ulcers, and pain. In 'Activity and participation', most frequently reported were mobility and self-care problems. Highly addressed barriers in 'Environmental factors' were sports facilities, financial cost, transportation problems and lack of information. Relationships such as peer, family and friends were the most important facilitators.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Numerous barriers still exist for SCI survivors to participate in sports, especially in the area of health care needs and environmental factors. Our results support the need for a multidisciplinary approach to promote sports participation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Je Shik
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4753-626X
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Ko Eun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3414-8121
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ansan Workers' Compensation Hospital, Korea Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ah Young
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5783-5162
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bundang Chuk Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Chong Suck
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7083-2388
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Parke
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Young
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4920-8374
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: You Hyeon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3403-0975
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chae
keywords: Community participation; Spinal cord injuries; Sports