title: Predicting Interactions between Common Dolphins and the Pole-and-Line Tuna Fishery in the Azores.
abstract: Common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) are responsible for the large majority of interactions with the pole-and-line tuna fishery in the Azores but the underlying drivers remain poorly understood. In this study we investigate the influence of various environmental and fisheries-related factors in promoting the interaction of common dolphins with this fishery and estimate the resultant catch losses. We analysed 15 years of fishery and cetacean interaction data (1998-2012) collected by observers placed aboard tuna fishing vessels. Dolphins interacted in less than 3% of the fishing events observed during the study period. The probability of dolphin interaction varied significantly between years with no evident trend over time. Generalized additive modeling results suggest that fishing duration, sea surface temperature and prey abundance in the region were the most important factors explaining common dolphin interaction. Dolphin interaction had no impact on the catches of albacore, skipjack and yellowfin tuna but resulted in significantly lower catches of bigeye tuna, with a predicted median annual loss of 13.5% in the number of fish captured. However, impact on bigeye catches varied considerably both by year and fishing area. Our work shows that rates of common dolphin interaction with the pole-and-line tuna fishery in the Azores are low and showed no signs of increase over the study period. Although overall economic impact was low, the interaction may lead to significant losses in some years. These findings emphasize the need for continued monitoring and for further research into the consequences and economic viability of potential mitigation measures.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas, Universidade dos Açores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.|MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and Centre of the Institute of Marine Research (IMAR)-University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas, Universidade dos Açores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.|MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and Centre of the Institute of Marine Research (IMAR)-University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.
authors.forename: Gui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.affiliation: MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and Centre of the Institute of Marine Research (IMAR)-University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Machete
authors.affiliation: MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and Centre of the Institute of Marine Research (IMAR)-University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.|Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mónica A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001394:Azores; D050696:Common Dolphins / Q000502:physiology*; D017753:Ecosystem; D005398:Fisheries; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011336:Probability; D013045:Species Specificity; D014413:Tuna / Q000502:physiology*