title: Enrichment, isolation and biodegradation potential of psychrotolerant polychlorinated-biphenyl degrading bacteria from the Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands, High Arctic Norway).
abstract: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have been detected in abiotic Arctic matrices: surface sediments and seawater from coastal areas in the Kongsfjorden were collected and analyzed. Levels of PCBs varied depending on the sampling site. Total PCB concentrations were between 11.63 (site C2W) and 27.69pgl-1(site AW). These levels were comparable to those reported previously in lake sediments from the northern Svalbard. The occurrence and biodegradation potential of cold-adapted PCB-oxidizing bacteria in seawater and sediment along the fjord was also evaluated. After enrichment with biphenyl, 246 isolates were obtained with 45 of them that were able to grow in the presence of the PCB mixture Aroclor 1242, as the sole carbon source. The catabolic gene bphA was harbored by 17 isolates with affiliates to the genera Algoriphagus, Devosia and Salinibacterium that have been never reported as able to utilize PCBs, thus deserving further investigation. The total removal of Aroclor 1242 and selected PCB congeners was evaluated at 4 and 15°C for eight bphA-harboring isolates and Gelidibacter sp. DS-10. With few exceptions, tested strains showed greater efficiency at 15 than at 4°C. Isolates were able to reduce most chromatographic peaks by >50%, with some di- and trichlorobiphenyls that were quite totally removed (>90%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papale
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giannarelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Francesconi
authors.affiliation: Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, National Research Council (IPCF-CNR), Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Marco
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikkonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Domenico
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment, National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Messina, Italy. Electronic address: angelina.logiudice@iamc.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Angelina Lo
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Giudice
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001110:Arctic Regions; D001140:Aroclors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003080:Cold Temperature; D063366:Estuaries; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D013538:Svalbard; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001140:Aroclors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C027423:aroclor 1242; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Arctic fjord; Biodegradation; Cold-adapted bacteria; Contamination level; Polychlorobiphenyls