title: Beneficial Effects of Pterocarpan-High Soybean Leaf Extract on Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Korean Subjects: Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: Pterocarpans are known to have antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. However, little is known about the changes in transcriptional profiles in response to a pterocarpan-high soybean leaf extract (PT). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of PT on blood glucose and lipid levels, as well as on the inflammation-related gene expression based on a peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) mRNA sequencing analysis in Korean overweight and obese subjects with mild metabolic syndrome. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups and were administered either placebo (starch, 3 g/day) or PT (2 g/day) for 12 weeks. The PT intervention did not change body weight, body fat percentage and body mass index (BMI). However, PT significantly decreased the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma glucose, free fatty acid, total cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol levels after 12 weeks. Furthermore, PT supplementation significantly lowered the homeostatic index of insulin resistance, as well as the plasma levels of inflammatory markers. Finally, the mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that PT downregulated genes related to immune responses. PT supplementation is beneficial for the improvement of metabolic syndrome by altering the fasting blood and plasma glucose, HbA1c, plasma lipid levels and inflammation-related gene expression in PBMCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Korea. sangsang0119@gmail.com.|Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. sangsang0119@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ri
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea. tsjeong@kribb.re.kr.
authors.forename: Tae-Sook
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Korea. freewilly59@hanmail.net.|Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. freewilly59@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Ye Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. jyjy31@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. chocrystalhihi@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Su-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. savagegarden01@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Eun-Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Korea. jungunju@naver.com.
authors.forename: Un Ju
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea. gustjs1693@naver.com.|College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea. gustjs1693@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hyeon-Seon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Insect Biotech Co., Ltd., Daejeon 305-811, Korea. dhshin@insectbiotech.co.kr.
authors.forename: Dong-Ha
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Korea. mschoi@knu.ac.kr.|Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. mschoi@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Myung-Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D036343:Pterocarpans / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D036343:Pterocarpans; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: PBMCs; inflammation; mRNA sequencing; metabolic syndrome; soybean leaf