title: Platelet secretion in inflammatory and infectious diseases.
abstract: Platelets are small, anucleate circulating cells that possess a dynamic repertoire of functions spanning the hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune continuum. Once thought to be merely cell fragments with responses limited primarily to acute hemostasis and vascular wall repair, platelets are now increasingly recognized as key sentinels and effector cells regulating host responses to many inflammatory and infectious cues. Platelet granules, including α-granules and dense-granules, store hundreds of factors and secrete these mediators in response to activating signals. The cargo packaged and stored within platelet granules orchestrates communication between platelets and other circulating cells, augments host defense mechanisms to invading pathogens and tumor cells, and - in some settings - drives dysregulated and injurious responses. This focused review will highlight several of the established and emerging mechanisms and roles of platelet secretion in inflammatory and infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: a The University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.
authors.forename: Bhanu K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Manne
authors.affiliation: b Qinghai Medical University , Xining , China.
authors.forename: Shang Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: a The University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.|c Department of Internal Medicine , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.|d The GRECC, George E. Wahlen Salt Lake City VAMC , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.
authors.forename: Matthew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rondina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004705:Endocytosis; D005089:Exocytosis; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050600:SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050600:SNARE Proteins
keywords: Infection; inflammation; platelet; secretion