title: Internal Bone Architecture in the Zygoma of Human and Pan.
abstract: The internal and external anatomy of the primate zygoma is central to orofacial function, health, and disease. The importance of variation in its gross morphology across extinct and extant primate forms has been established using finite element analysis, but its internal structure has yet to be explored. In this study, µCT is used to characterize trabecular bone morphometry in two separate regions of the zygoma of humans and Pan. Trabecular anisotropy and orientation are compared with strain orientations observed in trabecular regions of finite element models of four Pan crania. The results of this study show that trabecular bone morphometry, anisotropy, and orientation are highly compatible with strain orientation and magnitude in the finite element models. Trabecular bone in the zygoma is largely orthotropic (with bone orientation differing in three mutually orthogonal directions), with its primary orientation lying in the mediolateral direction. Trabecular bone in the zygomatic region appears to be highly influenced by the local strain environment, and thus may be closely linked to orofacial function. Anat Rec, 299:1704-1717, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Mathematics, Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College, Tifton, Georgia, 31793.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pryor McIntosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Strait
authors.affiliation: Zoology Division, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, 2351, Australia.
authors.forename: Justin A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ledogar
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130.
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, University of Chicago, 1027 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60637.
authors.forename: Callum F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A & M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, 75204.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A & M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, 75204.
authors.forename: Lynne A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Opperman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A & M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, 75204.
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Dechow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D000071556:Cancellous Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D019974:Pan paniscus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography; D015050:Zygoma / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: evolution; function; trabecular bone; zygoma; μCT