title: Preliminary Experience with Vascular Plugs for Parent Artery Occlusion of the Carotid or Vertebral Arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to report the authors' preliminary experience using the Amplatzer Vascular Plug (AVP) (St. Jude Medical, Plymouth, MN, USA) for parent artery occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) or vertebral artery (VA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between September 2008 and December 2015, we performed 52 therapeutic parent artery occlusions (PAOs) by an endovascular technique. Among them, 10 patients underwent PAO of the carotid or vertebral arteries using AVPs. Clinical and radiographic data of these patients were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The devices were used for VA dissection that presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in five patients, traumatic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in two patients, spontaneous AVF in one patient, recurrence of carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) in one patient, and symptomatic unruptured giant ICA aneurysm in one patient. The devices were used in conjunction with detachable and/or pushable coils and in the extracranial segments of the ICA or VA. Complete occlusion of the parent artery was achieved in all patients. There was one intra-procedural rupture of the VA dissection during coiling prior to using the device.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from the current series suggest that the AVP might be used for therapeutic PAO in the extracranial segments of the ICA or VA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woosung
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Sam
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Bae
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Ki
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Neurological Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Joonho
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2745-446X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
keywords: Amplatzer vascular plug; Carotid artery occlusion; Endovascular treatment; Parent artery occlusion; Vertebral artery occlusion