title: Long-term endurance training increases serum cathepsin S and decreases IL-6 and hsCRP levels.
abstract: Cathepsin S (CS) was shown to play a key role in cancer progression, atherosclerosis, heart valve disease, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. The present prospective study aimed to investigate the influence of sports on CS, interleukin-6 (Il-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. Ninety-eight of 109 participants completed the study. Ergometries were performed at baseline and after 8 months to evaluate/quantify the performance gain. Blood samples were taken at baseline and every 2 months. CS was measured by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Compared to the control group (mean performance gain -3.41 ± 4.62%) we observed a significant physical-activity-induced increase of CS levels (3.45-3.73 ng · ml-1; P = 0.027) and a significant decrease of Il-6 (2.43-1.91 pg · ml-1; P = 0.031) and hsCRP-levels (0.11-0.09 mg · dl-1; P = 0.001) in the intervention group (mean performance gain: 12.13 ± 6.32%). Furthermore, the tendency of the progression was significant for CS and Il-6 (P = 0.002/0.033). We could show a significant sports-induced decrease of the classic inflammation parameters hsCRP/Il-6, probably expressing a downregulation of permanently prevalent inflammation processes. Simultaneously CS levels increased significantly. Our results show that increasing CS amounts are not simply to equal with an enhanced inflammation status and might even have beneficial effects on inflammation and angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sponder
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
authors.forename: Ioana-Alexandra
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Campean
authors.affiliation: b Austrian Armed Forces , Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports , Vienna , Austria.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emich
authors.affiliation: c Department of Medical-Chemical Laboratory Analysis , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fritzer-Szekeres
authors.affiliation: d Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Litschauer
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergler-Klein
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
authors.forename: Senta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strametz-Juranek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000097:blood*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000379:methods*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002403:Cathepsins; C028217:cathepsin S
keywords: Cathepsin S; hsCRP; inflammation; interleukin-6; physical activity