title: Childhood Maltreatment Linked with a Deterioration of Psychosocial Outcomes in Adult Life for Southern Brazilian Transgender Women.
abstract: A history of childhood maltreatment (HCM) has been associated with detrimental psychiatric outcomes. This is particularly true for transgender, for whom there is initial evidence that HCM may be associated with psychiatric morbidity. Our study aimed to further characterize the relationship between HCM and the development of mental disorder in adult life, based on a sample of Brazilian transgender women. Cross-sectional data were collected from a consecutive sample of 289 transgender women who attended the Hospital Clínicas clinic for gender dysphoria, in Porto Alegre, between 1998 and 2014. Our results demonstrated a greater risk of deteriorating mental health amongst participants who had experienced HCM. Given the disproportionally high rate of HCM in transgender persons, we advocate for greater assistance for transgender persons.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.|Gender Identity Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035 903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anna Martha Vaitses
authors.initials: AMV
authors.lastname: Fontanari
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - Prédio 43323M, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 15053, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego Luiz
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rovaris
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil.|Gender Identity Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035 903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angelo Brandelli
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Education and Social Work, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasley
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - Prédio 43323M, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 15053, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Basso
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Cupertino
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.|Gender Identity Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035 903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bianca Machado Borba
authors.initials: BMB
authors.lastname: Soll
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.|Gender Identity Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035 903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.|Gender Identity Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035 903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dhiordan Cardoso
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Gender Identity Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035 903, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Oliveira
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Borba
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andressa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - Prédio 43323M, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 15053, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claiton Henrique Dotto
authors.initials: CHD
authors.lastname: Bau
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil. mirlobato@gmail.com.|Gender Identity Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035 903, Brazil. mirlobato@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria Inês Rodrigues
authors.initials: MIR
authors.lastname: Lobato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054523:Adult Survivors of Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011477:Sex Work; D063106:Transgender Persons / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male
keywords: Childhood maltreatment; Gender identity; Minority stress; Sex work; Southern Brazil