title: Autophagy protects against oxidized low density lipoprotein-mediated inflammation associated with preeclampsia.
abstract: Inflammatory responses play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Recently, the anti-inflammatory role played by autophagy has drawn increasing attention. Our aim was to investigate variations in autophagy in preeclampsia and protection against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-mediated inflammation by autophagy.
  
  
  
  We used immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blotting to analyze the expression of autophagy proteins (beclin-1 and LC3II/LC3I) in preeclampsia placentas and in JEG-3 cells treated with oxLDL and rapamycin.
  
  
  
  We found a decreased level of autophagy proteins in preeclampsia placentas, and oxLDL did not induce autophagy in JEG-3 cells. Furthermore, when cells were pretreated with rapamycin, autophagy was activated and expression of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6) induced by oxLDL was downregulated.
  
  
  
  We conclude that impaired autophagy in preeclampsia has potential to decrease trophoblast protection from oxidative and inflammatory stress, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
authors.forename: Guoqiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
authors.forename: Yufang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
authors.forename: Pingping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China. Electronic address: yeyuanhua8067@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D020123:Sirolimus
keywords: Autophagy; Oxidized low density lipoprotein; Preeclampsia; Trophoblasts