title: Estimation and influence of physicochemical properties and chemical fractions of surface sediment on the bioaccessibility of Cd and Hg contaminant in Langat River, Malaysia.
abstract: This study applied the use of sequential extraction technique and simple bioaccessibility extraction test to quantify the bioavailable fractions and the human bioaccessible concentration of metals collected from nine stations in surface sediment of the Langat River. The concentrations of total and bioaccessible metals from different stations were in the range of 0.49-1.04, 0.10-0.32 μg g-1for T-Cd, Bio-Cd, respectively, and 12.9-128.03, 2.06-8.53 μg kg-1for T-Hg, Bio-Hg, respectively. The results revealed highest R-Bio-Cd in Banting station (55.3 %), while the highest R-Bio-Hg was in Kajang station (49.61 %). The chemical speciation of Cd in most sampling stations was in the order of oxidisable-organic > residual > exchangeable > acid-reducible, while speciation of Hg was in the order of exchangeable > residual > oxidisable-organic > acid-reducible. The correlation matric of mean content showed that the TOM, particle size and Mg++in polluted surface sediments was highly correlated with total mercury. The PCA showed that the main factors influencing the bioaccessibility of Hg in surface sediments were the sediment TOM, F1 (EFLE) and F3 (oxidation-organic), while the factor influencing the bioaccessibility of Cd was the F3 (oxidation-organic) and T-Cd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.|Department of Environmental Science, College of Science, University of Qadisayah, The University Street, Diwaniyah City, Qadisiayh, 54004, Iraq.
authors.forename: Safaa A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8242-0011
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kadhum
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. m_yusoff@upm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Mohd Yusoff
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Ishak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Syaizwan Zahmir
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Zulkifli
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008628:Mercury / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D008628:Mercury
keywords: Bioaccessibility; Langat River; SBET; Sequential extraction