title: Predictors of Upper-Extremity Physical Function in Older Adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the influence of habitual participation in physical exercise and diet on upper-extremity physical function in older adults. To assess the relationship of general physical exercise and diet to upper-extremity physical function and pain intensity in older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 111 patients 50 or older completed a sociodemographic survey, the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA), an 11-point ordinal pain intensity scale, a Mediterranean diet questionnaire, and three Patient- Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) based questionnaires: Pain Interference to measure inability to engage in activities due to pain, Upper-Extremity Physical Function, and Depression. Multivariable linear regression modeling was used to characterize the association of physical activity, diet, depression, and pain interference to pain intensity and upper-extremity function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher general physical activity was associated with higher PROMIS Upper-Extremity Physical Function and lower pain intensity in bivariate analyses. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet did not correlate with PROMIS Upper-Extremity Physical Function or pain intensity in bivariate analysis. In multivariable analyses factors associated with higher PROMIS Upper-Extremity Physical Function were male sex, non-traumatic diagnosis and PROMIS Pain Interference, with the latter accounting for most of the observed variability (37%). Factors associated with greater pain intensity in multivariable analyses included fewer years of education and higher PROMIS Pain Interference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  General physical activity and diet do not seem to be as strongly or directly associated with upper-extremity physical function as pain interference.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Hugo H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hermanussen
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Mariano E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Menendez
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Neal C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ring
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Ana-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vranceanu
keywords: Diet; Exercise; Pain intensity; Pain interference; Upper-extremity physical function