title: [Mastitis update.]
abstract: Mastitis is one of the main causes of avoidable cessation of breastfeeding which increases morbidity in childhood, however, there is no uniformity in diagnostic and therapeutic criteria. The diagnosis of acute mastitis is mainly clinical. Only in certain cases, a milk culture is indicated. Regarding treatment of mastitis, it is fundamental to empty the breast, so breastfeeding should continue. It is recommended to start antibiotic therapy if symptoms persist or if there is considerable clinical impact. There is insufficient evidence of the importance of other types of mastitis (subclinical and subacute). There is also a lack of evidence that these types of mastitis are responsible for breast pain or for low infant weight gain. Furthermore, there is not enough evidence regarding the effectiveness of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of mastitis.
authors.affiliation: Comité de Lactancia Materna, Asociación Española de Pediatría, España.|Centro de Salud Luis Vives, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid). Servicio de Salud de Comunidad de Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Espínola-Docio
authors.affiliation: Comité de Lactancia Materna, AEP, España.|S. de Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costa-Romero
authors.affiliation: Comité de Lactancia Materna, AEP, España.|Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife. España. marta.costar78@gmail.com.
authors.forename: N Marta
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Díaz-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Hospital Francesc de Borja, Gandia, Valencia, España.|Asociación para la Promoción e Investigación de la Lactancia Materna (APILAM).
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Paricio-Talayero
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008413:Mastitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Acute mastitis; Mastodynia; Probiotics; Subacute mastitis