title: Increased diuresis, renal vascular reactivity, and blood pressure levels in young rats fed high sodium, moderately high fructose, or their association: a comparative evaluation.
abstract: Excessive intakes of sodium or fructose have been described as risk factors for hypertension. We hypothesized that even a moderately high fructose diet (6% fructose), either alone or in combination with high sodium (4% NaCl), may impair diuresis and renal and systemic vascular reactivity, contributing to the onset of high blood pressure in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed chow containing 4% NaCl (HS), 6% fructose (MHF), or both 4% NaCl and 6% fructose (HSMHF) for 6 weeks and had their diuresis, plasma creatinine, vascular reactivity of perfused kidneys and systemic arterial pressure evaluated. We found no differences in augmented diuresis among animals given HS, MHF, or HSMHF diets. After 6 weeks both the HS and HSMHF groups had increased weight in their left kidneys, but only the HSMHF group showed augmented plasma creatinine. The effects of phenylephrine on renal vascular perfusion pressure were similarly enhanced in kidneys from the HS, MHF, and HSMHF groups, but not on the systemic arterial pressure. Although when evaluated in anesthetized rats, only the HSMHF group presented augmented blood pressure, evaluation in conscious animals revealed that both the MHF and HSMHF diets, but not the HS alone, were able to induce tachycardia and hypertension. In conclusion, a MHF diet containing 6% fructose was enough to render the renal vascular bed hyperreactive to phenylephrine and to induce both hypertension and tachycardia. The combination of 6% fructose with 4% NaCl led to plasma accumulation of creatinine and accelerated the development of tachycardia.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.|b Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rita de Cássia Vilhena A F
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: da Silva-Santos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D000070601:Diet, Carbohydrate Loading / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004231:Diuresis; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000209:etiology; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014886:Weaning; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D010656:Phenylephrine; D005632:Fructose; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: dietary fructose; fonction rénale; fructose alimentaire; hypertension; renal function; tachycardia; tachycardie