title: Performances of low level hospital health caregivers after a neonatal resuscitation course.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High fidelity simulation has been executed to allow the evaluation of technical and non-technical skills of health caregivers. Our objective was to assess technical and non-technical performances of low level hospitals health caregivers who attended a Neonatal Resuscitation course using high fidelity simulation in a standard-setting scenario.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three volunteers were asked to manage a simple scenario (infant with secondary apnea) after the course. Technical and non-technical skills were assessed by using previously published scores. Performances were assessed during the scenario and after 2 months by filmed video recordings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen (69.5%) participants failed to pass the minimum required technical score. Staff experience and participation in previous courses were associated to higher score in technical and non-technical skills, while working in level I or II hospitals did not affect the scores. Previous experience in neonatal resuscitation requiring positive pressure ventilation was associated to better non-technical performance. Technical and non-technical scores were significantly correlated (r = 0.67, p = 0.0005). Delayed and direct evaluation of technical skills provided the same scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A neonatal resuscitation course, performed by using a high fidelity simulation manikin, had a limited impact on technical and non-technical skills of participants working in low level hospitals. Training programs should be tailored to the participants' professional background and to the more relevant sessions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, AORN Santobono-Pausilipon, Via Mario Fiore 6, Naples, NA, 80129, Italy. pinodebtin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5348-6743
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Bernardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, AORN Santobono-Pausilipon, Via Mario Fiore 6, Naples, NA, 80129, Italy.
authors.forename: Desirée
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sordino
authors.affiliation: Independent Statistician, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cavallin
authors.affiliation: Department of Women and Children Health, School of Medicine, Padua University, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mardegan
authors.affiliation: Department of Women and Children Health, School of Medicine, Padua University, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Doglioni
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Tataranno
authors.affiliation: Department of Women and Children Health, School of Medicine, Padua University, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trevisanuto
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007318:Inservice Training; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education*; D010371:Pediatric Nursing / Q000193:education*; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000193:education*
keywords: Course; Infant newborn; Neonatal resuscitation; Training