title: Exogenous nitric oxide induces disease resistance against Monilinia fructicola through activating the phenylpropanoid pathway in peach fruit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional signaling molecule involved in plant-induced resistance to disease. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between disease resistance induced by NO and the phenylpropanoid pathway in peach fruit. The present study investigated the effect of NO on the main enzymes and metabolites of the phenylpropanoid pathway of harvested peach, which are probably related to disease resistance against Monilinia fructicola.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that treatment with 15 µmol L-1NO significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase, chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase and the expression of their genes. Furthermore, NO treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased the contents of total phenolics, flavonoids and lignin over the entire storage period and maintained higher total anthocyanin, phenolic acid and anthocyanin contents during the earlier storage period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that NO treatment could activate the phenylpropanoid pathway to enhance the activity of related enzymes and the contents of phenylpropanoid metabolites in peach to improve disease resistance and prevent pathogenic invasion. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.|College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Guangjin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Shuhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Wenxue
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Qingguo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jingying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000502:physiology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000276:immunology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000068239:Prunus persica / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D010940:Plant Proteins; C058644:4-coumaroyl-coenzyme A; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000217:Acyltransferases; C020141:flavanone synthetase; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase
keywords: Monilinia fructicola; disease resistance; nitric oxide; peach fruit; phenylpropanoid metabolism