title: Protective effect of betaine against burn-induced pulmonary injury in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was designed to determine possible protective effect of betaine treatment against oxidative injury in pulmonary tissue induced with thermal trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Under ether anesthesia, shaved dorsum of Wistar albino rats was exposed to a 90°C water bath for 10 seconds to induce burn injury. Betaine was administered orally (250 mg/kg) for a period of 21 days before burn injury, and single dose of betaine was administered after thermal injury. Control group rats were exposed to 25°C water bath for 10 seconds. Upon conclusion of experiment, rats were decapitated and blood was collected for analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Lung tissue samples were taken to determine malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and Na+/K+-ATPase activity, in addition to histological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Burn injury caused significant increase in both cytokine levels and LDH activity. In lung samples, raised MDA levels, MPO activity, and reduced GSH levels and Na+/K+-ATPase activity were found due to burn injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of rats with betaine significantly restored GSH level and Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and decreased MDA level and MPO activity. According to the findings of the present study, betaine significantly diminishes burn-induced damage in tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul-Turkey; Near East University, Faculty of Dentistry, Lefkoşa-KKTC. ozersehirli@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ahmet Özer
authors.initials: AÖ
authors.lastname: Şehirli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Acıbadem Maslak Hospital, İstanbul-Turkey.
authors.forename: Burcu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Satılmış
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul-Turkey.
authors.forename: Şermin
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Tetik
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology-Embryology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul-Turkey.
authors.forename: Şule
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Çetinel
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul-Turkey.
authors.forename: Berrak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yeğen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Near East University Faculty of Medicine, Lefkoşa-KKTC.
authors.forename: Aslı
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aykaç
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul-Turkey.
authors.forename: Göksel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Şener
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001622:Betaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002056:Burns / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D001622:Betaine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D009195:Peroxidase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D005978:Glutathione