title: Malformations of cortical development.
abstract: Malformations of cortical development (MCDs) compose a diverse range of disorders that are common causes of neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy. With improved imaging and genetic methodologies, the underlying molecular and pathobiological characteristics of several MCDs have been recently elucidated. In this review, we discuss genetic and molecular alterations that disrupt normal cortical development, with emphasis on recent discoveries, and provide detailed radiological features of the most common and important MCDs. Ann Neurol 2016;80:797-810.
authors.affiliation: Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Rahul S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Desikan
authors.affiliation: Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: A James
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Barkovich
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D054220:Malformations of Cortical Development / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics