title: Ethnicity, work-related stress and subjective reports of health by migrant workers: a multi-dimensional model.
abstract: This study integrates different aspects of ethnicity and work-related stress dimensions (based on the Demands-Resources-Individual-Effects model, DRIVE [Mark, G. M., and A. P. Smith. 2008. "Stress Models: A Review and Suggested New Direction." In Occupational Health Psychology, edited by J. Houdmont and S. Leka, 111-144. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press]) and aims to test a multi-dimensional model that combines individual differences, ethnicity dimensions, work characteristics, and perceived job satisfaction/stress as independent variables in the prediction of subjectives reports of health by workers differing in ethnicity.
  
  
  
  A questionnaire consisting of the following sections was submitted to 900 workers in Southern Italy: for individual and cultural characteristics, coping strategies, personality behaviours, and acculturation strategies; for work characteristics, perceived job demands and job resources/rewards; for appraisals, perceived job stress/satisfaction and racial discrimination; for subjective reports of health, psychological disorders and general health. To test the reliability and construct validity of the extracted factors referred to all dimensions involved in the proposed model and logistic regression analyses to evaluate the main effects of the independent variables on the health outcomes were conducted.
  
  
  
  Principal component analysis (PCA) yielded seven factors for individual and cultural characteristics (emotional/relational coping, objective coping, Type A behaviour, negative affectivity, social inhibition, affirmation/maintenance culture, and search identity/adoption of the host culture); three factors for work characteristics (work demands, intrinsic/extrinsic rewards, and work resources); three factors for appraisals (perceived job satisfaction, perceived job stress, perceived racial discrimination) and three factors for subjective reports of health (interpersonal disorders, anxious-depressive disorders, and general health). Logistic regression analyses showed main effects of specific individual and cultural differences, work characteristics and perceived job satisfaction/stress on the risk of suffering health problems.
  
  
  
  The suggested model provides a strong framework that illustrates how psychosocial and individual variables can influence occupational health in multi-cultural workplaces.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Political Sciences , University of Naples 'Federico II' , Naples , Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Capasso
authors.affiliation: a Department of Political Sciences , University of Naples 'Federico II' , Naples , Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Clelia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zurlo
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Occupational and Health Psychology, School of Psychology , Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK.
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D000073397:Occupational Stress / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D063508:Social Discrimination; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Multi-dimensional model; ethnicity; health outcomes; individual differences; perceived job satisfaction/stress; racial discrimination; work characteristics