title: Gene expression profile of whole blood cells differs in pregnant women with positive screening and negative diagnosis for gestational diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the gene expression profile of whole blood cells in pregnant women without diabetes (with positive screening and negative diagnosis for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)) compared with pregnant women with negative screening for GDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant women were recruited in the Diabetes Perinatal Research Centre-Botucatu Medical School-UNESP and Botucatuense Mercy Hospital (UNIMED). Distributed into 2 groups: control (n=8), women with negative screening and non-diabetic (ND, n=13), with positive screening and negative diagnosis of GDM. A peripheral blood sample was collected for glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and microarray gene expression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The evaluation of gene expression profiles showed significant differences between the control group and the ND group, with 22 differentially expressed gene sequences. Gene networks and interaction tables were generated to evaluate the biological processes associated with differentially expressed genes of interest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the group with positive screening, there is an apparent regulatory balance between the functions of the differentially expressed genes related to the pathogenesis of diabetes and a compensatory attempt to mitigate the possible etiology. These results support the 'two-step Carpenter-Coustan' strategy because pregnant women with negative screening do not need to continue on diagnostic investigation of gestational diabetes, thus reducing the cost of healthcare and the medicalization of pregnancy. Although not diabetic, they do have risk factors, and thus attention to these genes is important when considering disease evolution because this pregnant women are a step toward developing diabetes compared with women without these risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP_Univ Estadual Paulista, Laboratory of Experimental Research in Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu , Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gelaleti
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP_Univ Estadual Paulista, Laboratory of Experimental Research in Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu , Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Damasceno
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP_Univ Estadual Paulista, Laboratory of Toxicogenomics and Nutrigenomics , Botucatu , Brazil.
authors.forename: Daisy M F
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Salvadori
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP_Univ Estadual Paulista, Laboratory of Experimental Research in Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu , Brazil.
authors.forename: Iracema M P
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Calderon
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP_Univ Estadual Paulista, Laboratory of Experimental Research in Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu , Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto A A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP_Univ Estadual Paulista, Laboratory of Experimental Research in Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu , Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piculo
authors.affiliation: Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC , Santo André , Brazil.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP_Univ Estadual Paulista, Laboratory of Experimental Research in Gynecology and Obstetrics , Botucatu , Brazil.
authors.forename: Marilza V C
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Rudge
keywords: Diagnostic Criteria; Hyperglycemia; Microarray Analysis; Screening