title: [Comparison of peak oxygen uptake and VE/VCO2 slope, between children with and without heart failure].
abstract: Heart failure is a health problem associated with disability and mortality. Physicians may stratify the risk of adult patients with heart failure using a cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Until now, in childhood this evaluation has been poorly used. The purpose of this study is to compare the peak oxygen uptake and minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope among children with heart failure versus children without heart disease (control).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight children with heart failure were compared with 194 children without heart disease. All of them performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing using a symptom-limited ramp protocol. Differences between groups were compared using Chi-squared test, Student's t test, or ANOVA. Any value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with heart failure were older, taller, and with a higher prevalence of male gender. This group had also a lower peak oxygen uptake (27 ± 10 ml O2/kg/min) compared to the control group (37 ± 10 ml O2/kg/min); p < 0.001. The minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production was higher in the heart failure group (31 ± 4) than in controls (28 ± 6); p < 0.001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with heart failure showed lower peak oxygen uptake and higher minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope than the control group.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Rehabilitación Cardiaca y Medicina Física, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
authors.forename: Hermes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ilarraza-Lomelí
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cardiología Pediátrica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
authors.forename: Irma Miranda
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Chávez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Rehabilitación Cardiaca y Medicina Física, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castañeda-López
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chávez-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital La Concepción, Saltillo, Coah., México.
authors.forename: Carlos Felipe
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Barrera-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Rehabilitación Cardiaca y Medicina Física, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Saldivia
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Rehabilitación Cardiaca y Medicina Física, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rius-Suárez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cardiología Pediátrica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buendía-Hernández
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001827:Body Height; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011379:Prognosis; D012119:Respiration; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide