title: Baseline blood pressure control in Hispanics: characteristics of Hispanics in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial.
abstract: The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) tested whether a systolic blood pressure (SBP) value <120 mm Hg reduces adverse clinical outcomes compared with the goal of <140 mm Hg. Here the authors describe the baseline characteristics of Hispanic participants in SPRINT. Nondiabetic hypertensive patients 50 years and older with SBP 130-180 mm Hg taking zero to four blood pressure (BP) medications were enrolled from the mainland United States and Puerto Rico. Cross-sectional, bivariate analysis was employed comparing sociodemographic and clinical factors in Hispanics vs non-Hispanics. Multivariable logistic regression models restricted to Hispanics were used to identify factors associated with achieved BP control (SBP <140 mm Hg and diastolic BP <90 mm Hg) at baseline. Eleven percent (n=984) of SPRINT participants were Hispanic; 56% (n=549) of Hispanics were living in Puerto Rico and the remainder were living on the US mainland. Hispanics overall were younger, more often female, less likely to live alone, and more likely to have lower education and be uninsured, although just as likely to be employed compared with non-Hispanics. BP control was not different between Hispanics vs non-Hispanics at baseline. However, a significantly higher percentage of Hispanics on the US mainland (compared with Hispanics in Puerto Rico) had controlled BP. BP control was independently associated with cardiovascular disease history and functional status among Hispanics, specifically those living in Puerto Rico, whereas functional status was the only independent predictor of BP control identified among mainland Hispanics. These findings highlight the diversity of the SPRINT population. It remains to be seen whether factors identified among Hispanics impact intervention goals and subsequent clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine - Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Carlos J
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-9008
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinical Hypertension Program, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Carolyn H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Still
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Katelyn R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wagenknecht
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, NEON Health Centers, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine - Nephrology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Margareth V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Del Cid
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lioudis
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Nieves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lopez Barrera
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Abel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreyra
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Punzi Medical Center, Carrollton, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Punzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ringer
authors.affiliation: Memphis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Cushman
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology - Internal Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Contreras
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine - Nephrology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Servilla
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine - Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rocco
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011647:Puerto Rico; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Hispanics; blood pressure; clinical trials