title: Small HDL subclasses become cholesterol-poor during postprandial period after a fat diet intake in subjects with high triglyceridemia increases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postprandial triglyceridemia may transitory affect the structure of HDL subclasses and probably their antiatherogenic properties but little is known in this field. We analyzed the HDL subclasses lipid content along postprandial period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen metabolic syndrome (MS) patients and 15 healthy controls were enrolled. HDL were isolated from plasma samples obtained at fasting and every 2-h up to 8-h, after a 75-g fat meal. Cholesterol (C), triglycerides (TAG), and phospholipid (Ph) plasma concentrations of five HDL subclasses were determined by densitometry of electrophoresis gels enzymatically stained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increase of postprandial triglyceridemia expressed as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was twice in MS patients than in controls. Only large HDL2b-TAG were higher in MS than controls at 4, 6 and 8h after meal intake, whereas cholesterol of HDL2a, 3a and 3b were lower at 8h. HDL size distribution shifted towards large HDL and HDL3a-, 3b- and 3c-subclasses had a lower content of cholesterol (estimated by the C-to-Ph ratio) in subjects whose iAUC>289.5mgh/dl (n=15) in comparison with those subjects with iAUC below this cutoff point (n=15), independently of the MS status and fasting TAG. Triglycerides content of HDL subclasses changed only discreetly along the postprandial period, whereas paraoxonase-1 remained unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high postprandial triglyceridemia conditions the shift of HDL size distribution towards large particles and the decrease of cholesterol in HDL3 subclasses. These data demonstrate that postprandial hypertriglyceridemia contributes to a transitory hypoalphalipoproteinemia that may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quintanilla-Cantú
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peña-de-la-Sancha
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Cristobal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flores-Castillo
authors.affiliation: Blood Bank, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mejía-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Departments, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosalinda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Posadas-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nonanzit
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pérez-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bautista-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Unit of Genetic Nutrition, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Reyna Esmeralda
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Enriquez-Calderón
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Juárez-Oropeza
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fragoso
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vargas-Alarcón
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: opmendez@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pérez-Méndez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002784:Cholesterol; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Coronary heart disease; HDL subclasses; Hypertriglyceridemia; Hypoalphalipoproteinemia; Lipoprotein metabolism; Metabolic syndrome; Postprandial state