title: Influenza Vaccination of Healthcare Personnel by Work Setting and Occupation-U.S., 2014.
abstract: Routine influenza vaccination of healthcare personnel (HCP) can reduce influenza-related illness and its potentially serious consequences among HCP and their patients. Influenza vaccination has been routinely recommended for HCP since 1984.
  
  
  
  Data from the 2013 and 2014 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed in 2015. Kaplan-Meier survival estimated the cumulative proportion of HCP reporting 2013-2014 season influenza vaccination. Vaccination coverage by work setting and occupation were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression and predictive marginal analyses identified factors independently associated with vaccination among HCP.
  
  
  
  Influenza vaccination coverage was 64.9% among HCP aged ≥18 years (95% CI=60.5%, 69.3%), which was significantly higher compared with non-HCP among the same age group (41.0%, 95% CI=39.8%, 42.1%) (p<0.05). Vaccination coverage was higher among physicians (82.3%) and nurses (77.5%) than other types of HCP (range, 50.2%-65.6%). Coverage was higher among HCP working in hospitals (76.9%) versus other settings (range, 53.9%-60.2%). Characteristics independently associated with an increased likelihood of vaccination among HCP were older age, higher education, having more physician contacts, and having health insurance. Having never been married was independently associated with decreased likelihood of vaccination among HCP.
  
  
  
  Influenza vaccination coverage was higher among HCP than non-HCP, but still below the national target of 90%. Vaccination coverage varied widely by occupation type, work settings, and demographic characteristics. Evidence-based interventions, such as making vaccine available at no cost in the workplace and active promotion of vaccination, are needed to increase influenza vaccination among HCP in all healthcare settings.
authors.affiliation: Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: lhp8@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Peng-Jun
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Alissa C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: O'Halloran
authors.affiliation: Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Walter W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Carla L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006268:Health Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017132:Workplace / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines