title: Stable Host Gene Expression in the Gut of Adult Drosophila melanogaster with Different Bacterial Mono-Associations.
abstract: There is growing evidence that the microbes found in the digestive tracts of animals influence host biology, but we still do not understand how they accomplish this. Here, we evaluated how different microbial species commonly associated with laboratory-reared Drosophila melanogaster impact host biology at the level of gene expression in the dissected adult gut and in the entire adult organism. We observed that guts from animals associated from the embryonic stage with either zero, one or three bacterial species demonstrated indistinguishable transcriptional profiles. Additionally, we found that the gut transcriptional profiles of animals reared in the presence of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae alone or in combination with bacteria could recapitulate those of conventionally-reared animals. In contrast, we found whole body transcriptional profiles of conventionally-reared animals were distinct from all of the treatments tested. Our data suggest that adult flies are insensitive to the ingestion of the bacteria found in their gut, but that prior to adulthood, different microbes impact the host in ways that lead to global transcriptional differences observable across the whole adult body.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9634-0303
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elya
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Ludington
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.|Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.|Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Eisen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000502:physiology; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides