title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant peptides from digestion of larvae and pupae of Asian weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, Fabricius.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mixed larvae and pupae of weaver ant (Oecophylla smaragdina) are widely used as an important food ingredient in regions of Thailand. They have high nutritional values and comprise 53% protein and 13% lipid. Peptides derived from food proteins have been shown to possess biological activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peptides derived from pepsin and trypsin digestion of these weaver ant larvae and pupae were purified based on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities, and their amino acid sequences were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In silico docking of peptides with ACE successfully predicted the inhibitory peptides as confirmed by their chemical synthesis. Two peptides with sequences of FFGT and LSRVP showed IC50values for ACE inhibition of 19.5 ± 1.7 and 52.7 ± 4.0 µmol L-1, respectively. In addition, one potent antioxidant peptide with a sequence of CTKKHKPNC showed IC50values of 48.2 ± 2.1 µmol L-1for DPPH assay and 38.4 ± 0.2 µmol L-1for ABTS assay, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that proteins from larvae and pupae of weaver ants are potential sources of peptides with anti-ACE and antioxidation bioactivities. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.|Mahidol University - Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Werawich
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pattarayingsakul
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.|Mahidol University - Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Arjaree
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nilavongse
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Onrapak
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Reamtong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pamorn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chittavanich
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.|Mahidol University - Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Idsada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mungsantisuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.|Mahidol University - Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Yuvadee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mathong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.|Mahidol University - Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Wipoo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Prasitwuttisak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.|Mahidol University - Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Watanalai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Panbangred
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D001000:Ants / Q000737:chemistry*; D055162:Biocatalysis; D006801:Humans; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D007814:Larva / Q000737:chemistry; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000737:chemistry; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000737:chemistry; D011679:Pupa / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000975:Antioxidants; D019476:Insect Proteins; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D010434:Pepsin A
keywords: ACE inhibitory peptides; Asian weaver ant; antioxidant peptides; radical scavenging activity