title: Sympathetic enhancement in futsal players but not in football players after repeated sprint ability test.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Heart rate variability (HRV) can disclose the specific adaptation of sympathovagal modulation to exercise. This study investigated the change in HRV measures after anaerobic and aerobic intermittent exercises in university football and futsal players.
  
  
  METHODS
  36 male university students with physically active lifestyle (n=14), football (n=12), and futsal (n=10) participated in this study. The participants completed the repeated sprint ability (RSA) test and Yo-Yo (YY) intermittent recovery test level 1 in randomised order. ECG signals of the participants were recorded in supine position 15 min before and 30 min after exercises. Before exercise, and 5 and 30 min after exercise, the blood pressures were also taken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the RSA protocol, the percentage changes in normalised high-frequency power (nHFP) were significantly decreased, while the percentage changes in the very low/high frequency power ratio (VLHR) and low/high frequency power ratio (LHR) were significantly increased in futsal players after exercise, as compared with the controls. No significant changes in all HRV indices were found in the YY protocol, except the respiratory frequency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After exercise, the percent decrease in vagal modulation in futsal players was significantly reduced, while the percentage increase in sympathetic modulation in futsal players was significantly enhanced in the RSA test, but not in the YY test, as compared with the control group. The increase in sympathetic activity and the decrease in vagal activity in the futsal players were greater than the corresponding increase and decrease in the football players in the RSA test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics , Tamkang University , New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Life and Culture Study, Fo-Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-An
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Respiratory Therapy, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Deng
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kuo
keywords: Cardiology physiology; Football; Sports & exercise medicine