title: Validation of the Parental Facilitation of Mastery Scale-II.
abstract: To develop a more reliable and comprehensive version of the Parental Facilitation of Mastery Scale (PFMS) METHOD: In Study 1, 387 undergraduates completed an expanded PFMS (PFMS-II) and measures of parenting, perceived control, responses to early life challenges, and psychopathology. In Study 2, 182 trauma-exposed community participants completed the PFMS-II and measures of perceived control, psychopathology, and well-being RESULTS: In Study 1, exploratory factor analysis of the PFMS-II revealed two factors. These factors replicated in Study 2; one item was removed to achieve measurement invariance across race. The final PFMS-II comprised a 10-item overprotection scale and a 7-item challenge scale. In both samples, this measure demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity and was more reliable than the original PFMS. Parental challenge was a unique predictor of perceived control in both samples CONCLUSION: The PFMS-II is a valid measure of important parenting behaviors not fully captured in other measures.
authors.affiliation: Rush University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Alyson K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Zalta
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Kelly M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Allred
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University.
authors.forename: Eranda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jayawickreme
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University.
authors.forename: Laura E R
authors.initials: LER
authors.lastname: Blackie
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Dianne L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Chambless
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: challenge; mastery; overprotection; parenting; self-efficacy