title: Anemia in combined antiretroviral treatment-naive HIV-infected patients in China: A retrospective study of prevalence, risk factors, and mortality.
abstract: Anemia is one of the most important complications of HIV infection. In China, the prevalence, risk factors, and association between anemia and prognosis in HIV-infected patients are poorly elucidated. We analyzed data from 3452 HIV-infected patients not yet on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) attending Beijing Ditan Hospital from June, 2003 to December, 2015. The overall prevalence of anemia was 9.8% (7.6% mild, 1.9% moderate, and 0.2% severe anemia). Female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 3.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46-6.51, p = 0.003), age 40-59 years (OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.59-4.05, p < 0.001), body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2(OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.31-3.79, p = 0.003), baseline HIV RNA CI: 1.32-5.99, p = 0.007) were risk factors for anemia. Age 40-59 years (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 5.76, 95% CI: 1.62-20.55, p = 0.007), and anemia ‒ mild (AHR = 7.46, 95% CI: 1.48-37.50, p = 0.015), moderate (AHR = 9.89, CI: 1.35-72.38, p = 0.024), and severe (AHR = 28.29, 95% CI: 2.75-290.54, p = 0.005) anemia ‒ were associated with an increased hazard of death. In this cohort, mild anemia was most common. Anemia was associated with female sex, older age, lower body mass index, lower baseline CD4 count, and higher viral load. Moreover, anemia was associated with an increased risk of death. These findings should promote awareness among physicians to make a timely diagnosis of HIV and to help physicians prioritize prevention and intervention strategies for anemia in HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: The National Clinical Key Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University.
authors.forename: Guorui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Guiju
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xuejing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Fengting
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Junyan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Hongxin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents