title: Cerebral Ketone Body Oxidation Is Facilitated by a High Fat Diet Enriched with Advanced Glycation End Products in Normal and Diabetic Rats.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes important modifications in the availability and use of different energy substrates in various organs and tissues. Similarly, dietary manipulations such as high fat diets also affect systemic energy metabolism. However, how the brain adapts to these situations remains unclear. To investigate these issues, control and alloxan-induced type I diabetic rats were fed either a standard or a high fat diet enriched with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (HAGE diet). The HAGE diet increased their levels of blood ketone bodies, and this effect was exacerbated by DM induction. To determine the effects of diet and/or DM induction on key cerebral bioenergetic parameters, both ketone bodies (β-hydroxybutyric acid) and lactate oxidation were measured. In parallel, the expression of Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 (MCT1) and 2 (MCT2) isoforms in hippocampal and cortical slices from rats submitted to these diets was assessed. Ketone body oxidation increased while lactate oxidation decreased in hippocampal and cortical slices in both control and diabetic rats fed a HAGE diet. In parallel, the expression of both MCT1 and MCT2 increased only in the cerebral cortex in diabetic rats fed a HAGE diet. These results suggest a shift in the preferential cerebral energy substrate utilization in favor of ketone bodies in animals fed a HAGE diet, an effect that, in DM animals, is accompanied by the enhanced expression of the related transporters.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriano M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Assis
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jussemara S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anderson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rech
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Longoni
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yasmine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nonose
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Cendrine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Repond
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteNatal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Bittencourt Pasquali
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: José C F
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diogo O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pellerin
keywords: AGEs; MCTs; brain energy metabolism; diabetes mellitus; high fat diet