title: Overexpression of a thaumatin-like protein gene from Vitis amurensis improves downy mildew resistance in Vitis vinifera grapevine.
abstract: Downy mildew is a highly destructive disease in grapevine production. A gene encoding pathogenesis-related (PR) thaumatin-like protein was isolated from the downy mildew-resistant grapevine "Zuoshan-1," a clonal selection from wild Vitis amurensis Rupr. The predicted thaumatin-like protein (VaTLP) has 225 amino acids and it is acidic, with a calculated isoelectric point of 4.8. The full length of the VaTLP gene was transformed into somatic embryogenic calli of V. vinifera 'Thompson Seedless' via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Real-time RT-PCR confirmed that the VaTLP gene was expressed at a high level in the transgenic grapevines. Improved resistance of the transgenic lines against downy mildew was evaluated using leaf disks and whole plants inoculated with Plasmopara viticola, the pathogen causing grapevine downy mildew disease. Bioassay of the pathogen showed that both hyphae growth and asexual reproduction were inhibited significantly among the transgenic plants. Histological analysis also confirmed this disease resistance by demonstrating the inhibition and malformation of hyphae development in leaf tissue of the transgenic plants. These results indicated that the accumulation of VaTLP could enhance resistance to P. viticola in transgenic 'Thompson Seedless' grapevines.
authors.affiliation: The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.|Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Rongrong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Cecilia B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Agüero
authors.affiliation: The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Xinlong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Shaoli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Chaoxia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. awalker@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: M Andrew
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China. jiang.lu@sjtu.edu.cn.|Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200024, China. jiang.lu@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-7598
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D060467:Disease Resistance; D015870:Gene Expression; D024861:Genetic Enhancement; D025301:Hyphae / Q000254:growth & development; D009868:Oomycetes / Q000254:growth & development; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: Downy mildew; Grapevine; Resistance; Thaumatin-like protein; Transformation