title: The Chinese version of Instrument of Professional Attitude for Student Nurses (IPASN): Assessment of reliability and validity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Professional attitude is of great importance for nursing talents in the modern society. To develop an effective educational program for student nurses in China, an appropriate instrument is required for the assessment of their professional attitude.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the validity and reliability of the Instrument of Professional Attitude for Student Nurses (IPASN) in Chinese version.
  
  
  METHODS
  The original version of IPASN was translated through Brislin model (translation, back translation, culture adaption and pilot study) with the authorization from the developer. A total of 681 nursing students were chosen by stratified convenience sampling to assess construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Besides, item analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, test-retest reliability were conducted to test the psychometric properties in this part. A total of 204 nursing undergraduate trainees were selected by cluster convenience sampling to confirm the structure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in another time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Corrected item-total correlations, alpha if item deleted were between 0.33 and 0.69, 0.906 and 0.913, respectively, indicating no item should be deleted. Cronbach alpha value was 0.91 for the total scale and Cronbach alpha coefficient for subscales ranged from 0.67 to 0.89. Test-retest reliability estimated from intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.74 (P<0.05). Differences in item scores between the high-score group (the first 27%) and low-score group (the last 27%) were significant (P<0.001), indicating that the item discrimination ability was good. Seven subscales (contribution to increase of scientific information load, autonomy, community service, continuous education, to promote professional development, cooperation and theory guiding practice) were identified in EFA and confirmed in CFA, and explained 65.5% of the total variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It indicated that the Chinese version of IPASN was valid and reliable for the evaluation of nursing students' professional attitude.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Su-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Si-Qi
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Han-Xiao
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bei-Bei
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: gyl@smu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yu-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D001290:Attitude; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000068616:Professionalism / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D014175:Translating; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Nursing; Professional attitude; Reliability; Students; Validity