title: Differences in the skeletal muscle transcriptome profile associated with extreme values of fatty acids content.
abstract: Lipids are a class of molecules that play an important role in cellular structure and metabolism in all cell types. In the last few decades, it has been reported that long-chain fatty acids (FAs) are involved in several biological functions from transcriptional regulation to physiological processes. Several fatty acids have been both positively and negatively implicated in different biological processes in skeletal muscle and other tissues. To gain insight into biological processes associated with fatty acid content in skeletal muscle, the aim of the present study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional pathways related to gene expression regulation associated with FA content in cattle.
  
  
  
  Skeletal muscle transcriptome analysis of 164 Nellore steers revealed no differentially expressed genes (DEGs, FDR 10%) for samples with extreme values for linoleic acid (LA) or stearic acid (SA), and only a few DEGs for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 5 DEGs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 4 DEGs) and palmitic acid (PA, 123 DEGs), while large numbers of DEGs were associated with oleic acid (OA, 1134 DEGs) and conjugated linoleic acid cis9 trans11 (CLA-c9t11, 872 DEGs). Functional annotation and functional enrichment from OA DEGs identified important genes, canonical pathways and upstream regulators such as SCD, PLIN5, UCP3, CPT1, CPT1B, oxidative phosphorylation mitochondrial dysfunction, PPARGC1A, and FOXO1. Two important genes associated with lipid metabolism, gene expression and cancer were identified as DEGs between animals with high and low CLA-c9t11, specifically, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and RNPS.
  
  
  
  Only two out of seven classes of molecules of FA studied were associated with large changes in the expression profile of skeletal muscle. OA and CLA-c9t11 content had significant effects on the expression level of genes related to important biological processes associated with oxidative phosphorylation, and cell growth, survival, and migration. These results contribute to our understanding of how some FAs modulate metabolism and may have protective health function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.|Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Aline S M
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Cesar
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana C A
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Regitano
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirele D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Poleti
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.|Departament of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology-IB, USP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sónia C S
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Polyana C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Tizioto
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila S N
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrezza M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Felício
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michele L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: do Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amália S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dante P D
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Lanna
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rymer R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Tullio
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Nassu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Koltes
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fritz-Waters
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gerson B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mourão
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Informática Agropecuária, Campinas, SP, 13083-886, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adhemar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zerlotini-Neto
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Reecy
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil. llcoutinho@usp.br.
authors.forename: Luiz L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Coutinho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D063427:Food Quality; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D000069466:Red Meat / Q000592:standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D019301:Oleic Acid
keywords: Bos indicus; Global Oxidative Metabolism; Human Health; Lipids; RNA-Seq