title: Morphometry of distal end radius in the Indian population: A radiological study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The morphometry of distal end radius (DER) comprises the four necessary parameters: radial inclination, palmer tilt, radial height, and ulnar variance. The unblemished intellect about the morphometry is urged for the management of fracture of DER. The goal of our study was to determine the values of morphometric parameters of the DER from the adult Indian.
  
  
  METHODS
  It was a single hospital- based observational cross-sectional, prospective study. Radial inclination, radial height, and ulnar variance were measured on posteroanterior view, and the measurement of palmer tilt was accomplished on the lateral view. All the statistical analysis was done by Microsoft XL 2007 (data add in function were installed for data analysis).T-test was used for comparing the means of the parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and forty two (n= 242) X-rays were included in this study to analyze. The mean value (n= 242) of radial inclination was 23.27°± (standard deviation [SD]) 7.42° (range: 11.3-42.1°), palmer tilt 10.07° ± (SD) 5.28° (range: 1-16.9°), radial height 11.31 mm ± (SD) 4.9 mm (range: 7.1-30.4 mm), and ulnar variance 0.66 mm ± (SD) 2.46 mm (range: -2.4 to +4.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study may provide an inauguratory plinth to prosecute the further analytical research in the Indian population. Moreover, the data may also be used as a reference data for the anatomical alignment while treating the injuries of the DER in the Indian population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, G.M.C, and Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Pankaj Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagar
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, M.L.N. Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Suresh Chandra
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Gaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Priti Nursing Home, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Anuj
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
keywords: Distal end radius; Radius; morphology; morphometry; parameters; radiography; wrist joint