title: Epidemiology of and risk factors for neonatal candidemia at a tertiary care hospital in western China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence and clinical characteristics of neonatal candidemia are poorly understood in western China. The aim of our study was to evaluate the epidemiological features of neonatal candidemia in the Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case-control study was conducted between January 2012 and November 2015. Electronic databases were reviewed and data on Candida species were isolated from blood cultures and candidemia incidence, risk factors, and mortality were extracted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors associated with candidemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 4-year period, candidemia was identified in 69 newborns, for an incidence rate of 13.6 per 1000 admissions. Prolonged antibiotic therapy duration [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence incidence (95% CI) = 1.06, 1.01-1.10], total parenteral nutrition [OR, 95% CI = 6.03, 2.10-17.30] and neurodevelopmental impairment (OR, 95% CI = 7.34, 1.18-45.80) were all associated with increased odds of candidemia development in infants (P value was 0.010, 0.001, 0.033, respectively). The overall mortality rate was 7.2% in the candidemia group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prolonged duration of antibiotic therapy, presence of total parenteral nutrition and neurodevelopmental impairment were the major risk factors associated with neonatal candidemia. This study highlights the importance of the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal candidemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, China, 545001.
authors.forename: Jichang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, China, 545001.
authors.forename: Yongjiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, China, 545001.
authors.forename: Ba
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, China, 545001.
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, China, 545001.
authors.forename: Shaolin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, China, 545001.
authors.forename: Peixu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, China, 545001. fujinjianaa@126.com.
authors.forename: Jinjian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058387:Candidemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Candidemia; Case-control study; Neonate; Risk factors