title: Physical Activity, Diet Quality, and Mortality among Community-Dwelling Prefrail and Frail Older Adults.
abstract: It is unknown if physical activity and diet quality are associated with the risk of poor outcomes, such as mortality, among prefrail and frail older adults. This was a population-based cohort study among 1487 prefrail and frail older-adults from the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey. Compared to participants who were sedentary (0 bouts of physical activity per week), those who were physically inactive (1-4 bouts of physical activity per week) were 24% less likely to die [HR: 0.76 (95% CI: 0.58-0.98)], and those who were physically active (≥5 bouts of physical activity per week) were 34% less likely to die [HR: 0.66 (95% CI: 0.51-0.86); Ptrend= 0.002]. Compared to participants with poor diet quality, those with fair diet quality were 26% less likely to die [HR: 0.74 (95% CI: 0.52-0.98)], and those with good diet quality were 33% less likely to die [HR: 0.67 (95% CI: 0.55-1.00); Ptrend= 0.050]. There was a synergistic interaction between physical activity and diet quality on the risk of mortality (Pinteraction= 0.058). Participation in physical activity and consumption of a healthy diet is associated with a lower risk of mortality among prefrail and frail older adults.
authors.affiliation: a Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics , University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
authors.forename: Justin C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: a Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics , University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
authors.forename: Michael O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Harhay
authors.affiliation: b Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine , Drexel University College of Medicine , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
authors.forename: Meera N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Harhay
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000592:standards; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006299:Health Services for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States
keywords: Behavior; energy balance; exercise; lifestyle; population-based