title: Gene polymorphism profiles of drug-metabolising enzymes GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 in an Argentinian population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are drug-metabolising enzymes involved in biotransformation of carcinogens, drugs, xenobiotics and oxygen free radicals. Polymorphisms of GST genes contribute to inter-individual and population variability in the susceptibility to environmental risk factors, cancer predisposition and pharmacotherapy responses. However, data about GST variability in Argentina are lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose was to determine the prevalence of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms in the general population from a central region of Argentina and to perform inter-population comparisons.
  
  
  METHODS
  GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions and GSTP1 c.313A > G were genotyped by PCR assays in 609 healthy and unrelated Argentinians.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequencies of variant genotypes in Argentinians were GSTM1-null (45%), GSTT1-null (17%) and GSTP1-GG (11%). GSTM1-present genotype was significantly associated with GSTP1-AG or GSTP1-GG variants (p = 0.037; p = 0.034, respectively). Comparison with worldwide populations demonstrated that the GST distributions in Argentina are similar to those reported for Italy and Spain, whereas significant differences were observed regarding Asian and African populations (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has determined, for the first time, the normative profile of three pharmacogenetically relevant polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) in the largest Argentinian cohort described to date, providing the basis for further epidemiological and pharmacogenetic studies in this country.
authors.affiliation: a Hematological Genetics Laboratory , Instituto de Medicina Experimental, CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina , Ciudad de Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weich
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Genetics of Lymphoid Malignancies , Instituto de Medicina Experimental, CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina , Ciudad de Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roisman
authors.affiliation: c Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis , IMBICE, CCT-La Plata-CONICET , Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cerliani
authors.affiliation: d Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Genetics Department , Hospital de Pediatría 'Prof. Juan P. Garrahan' , Ciudad de Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Hilda V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Aráoz
authors.affiliation: d Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Genetics Department , Hospital de Pediatría 'Prof. Juan P. Garrahan' , Ciudad de Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Lilien
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chertkoff
authors.affiliation: c Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis , IMBICE, CCT-La Plata-CONICET , Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Silvina M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Genetics of Lymphoid Malignancies , Instituto de Medicina Experimental, CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina , Ciudad de Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Slavutsky
authors.affiliation: a Hematological Genetics Laboratory , Instituto de Medicina Experimental, CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina , Ciudad de Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Irene B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Larripa
authors.affiliation: a Hematological Genetics Laboratory , Instituto de Medicina Experimental, CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina , Ciudad de Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Ariela F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Fundia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001118:Argentina; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human
keywords: Argentinian population; Glutathione S-transferases; human variability; pharmacogenetic markers; polymorphisms