title: Characterisation of Physicochemical Properties of Propionylated Corn Starch and Its Application as Stabiliser.
abstract: A series of propionylated starches with different degrees of substitution (DS) was synthesised and their physicochemical properties and application as a stabiliser were investigated. Starch propionates with moderate DS were prepared by esterification of native corn starch with propionic anhydride. By varying the reaction times of the esterification process, twelve starch propionates with DS of 0.47 to 0.94 were prepared. FTIR and NMR confirmed the introduction of propionyl groups to the starch. X-ray diffraction pattern showed reduced crystallinity in the starch propionates. The contact angle was found to increase proportionately with the increase in DS. Swelling power results showed that starch propionates were able to swell more than native corn starch at low temperature (40 °C). Oil-in- -water (O/W) emulsions prepared using starch propionates (DS of 0.64 to 0.86) showed exceptional stability when challenged by centrifugation stress test. These stable O/W emulsions had viscosities in the range of 1236.7-3330.0 mPa·s. In conclusion, moderately substituted short-chain (propionylated) starches could be a promising cold swelling starch, thickener and O/W emulsion stabiliser in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Lee-Fen
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Lai-Hoong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Chong Yew
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kok Khiang
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Peh
keywords: degree of substitution; oil-in-water emulsion; physicochemical properties; stabiliser; starch propionate