title: Dose-dependent mortality and organ injury in a cecal slurry peritonitis model.
abstract: The cecal slurry model was introduced as an alternative method for creating an animal sepsis model. This study was performed to evaluate dose-dependent mortality and organ injury in a sepsis model of cecal slurry peritonitis.
  
  
  
  Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5.0, 7.5, 10, or 15 mL/kg groups, according to the volume of cecal slurry administered into the peritoneal cavity. In the survival study, rats were observed for 14 d after sepsis induction. In the second experiment, blood and tissue were harvested to measure organ injury and the 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate concentrations.
  
  
  
  All rats in the 5.0 mL/kg group survived for 14 d, whereas all rats in the 15 mL/kg group died within 24 h. The survival rates in the 7.5 mL/kg and 10 mL/kg groups were 60% and 30%, respectively. In the arterial blood gas analysis, lactate concentrations increased and HCO3-decreased in a dose-dependent manner across the groups. Alanine aminotransferase and blood urea nitrogen concentrations increased as the dose of cecal slurry increased. 2', 7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate concentrations also increased in a dose-dependent manner.
  
  
  
  The cecal slurry model of sepsis evaluated in this study demonstrates dose-dependent mortality, metabolic acidosis, liver and kidney injuries, and reactive oxygen species production, and it could be used for subsequent sepsis experiments, considering the severity of sepsis induced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Ji
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyuseok
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: emdrjyh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: You Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Animal models; Dose-response relationship; Mortality; Multiple organ failure; Sepsis