title: Innovative Approaches to Hypertension Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
abstract: Elevated blood pressure, a major risk factor for ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and stroke, is the leading global risk for mortality. Treatment and control rates are very low in low- and middle-income countries. There is an urgent need to address this problem. The Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases sponsored research projects focus on controlling hypertension, including community engagement, salt reduction, salt substitution, task redistribution, mHealth, and fixed-dose combination therapies. This paper reviews the rationale for each approach and summarizes the experience of some of the research teams. The studies demonstrate innovative and practical methods for improving hypertension control.
authors.affiliation: Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: rajesh.vedanthan@mssm.edu.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vedanthan
authors.affiliation: CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 497, Lima 18, Peru.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernabe-Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Omarys I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Herasme
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, 50 Bridge Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Rohina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: Research Institute FOSCAL, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Patricio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lopez-Jaramillo
authors.affiliation: School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Wellington Road and Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Amanda G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Thrift
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, 50 Bridge Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Jacqui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, 50 Bridge Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Queens University, 15 Arch Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yeates
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, New York University, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gyamfi
authors.affiliation: Samoan Ministry of Health, Motootua, Ifiifi street, Apia, Samoa.
authors.forename: Merina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ieremia
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, 50 Bridge Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Moi University, PO Box 3900, Eldoret 30100, Kenya.
authors.forename: Jemima H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kamano
authors.affiliation: CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 497, Lima 18, Peru.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazo-Porras
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Limbani
authors.affiliation: University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Population Health Research Institute, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McCready
authors.affiliation: CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 497, Lima 18, Peru.
authors.forename: J Jaime
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Public Health Foundation of India, Plot No. 47, Sector 44, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sailesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, New York University, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Olugbenga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ogedegbe
authors.affiliation: School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VC 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
authors.affiliation: Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ovbiagele
authors.affiliation: University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Mayowa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Owolabi
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, 50 Bridge Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peiris
authors.affiliation: CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 497, Lima 18, Peru.
authors.forename: Vilarmina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ponce-Lucero
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, 301 ANR Centre, Road No 1, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500034, India.
authors.forename: Devarsetty
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Praveen
authors.affiliation: Pacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
authors.forename: Arti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pillay
authors.affiliation: Population Health Research Institute, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada.
authors.forename: Jon-David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Schwalm
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
authors.forename: Sheldon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Tobe
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, 50 Bridge Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trieu
authors.affiliation: Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor and UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yusoff
authors.affiliation: Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Valentin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fuster
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003906:Developing Countries; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D015994:Incidence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Community engagement; Hypertension; Low- and middle-income countries; Polypill; Salt reduction; Salt substitution; Task redistribution; mHealth