title: The Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Pyloroplasty Combined with Gastric Electrical Stimulation Therapy in Gastroparesis.
abstract: Gastroparesis is delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction. Symptomatic improvement can be 50-60% with gastric electrical stimulation. To address delayed gastric emptying, pyloroplasty was added. This study examines the long-term efficacy and safety of simultaneous gastric electrical stimulator implantation and pyloroplasty.
  
  
  
  In this prospective single-arm trial conducted from 2012 to 2015, 27 [23 females; mean age 43 (22-63)] gastroparesis patients who underwent simultaneous gastric electrical stimulator implantation with Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty were studied. Six (25%) underwent simultaneous robot-assisted pyloroplasty and gastric electrical stimulator implantation. Diagnosis of gastroparesis was based on the 4-h gastric emptying test defined as >60% retention of isotope at 2 h and >10% at 4 h. Total symptom scores assessing severity of nausea, early satiety, bloating, vomiting, post-prandial fullness, and epigastric pain were obtained at baseline and at follow-up visits, ranging from 3 to 38 months (mean: 17).
  
  
  
  Follow-up data from 24 patients were available for analysis. There was 71% improvement in total symptom score on follow-up. Mean retention decreased by 29.6 and 48.7% at 2 and 4 h and gastric emptying was normalized in 60%. There were no post-surgical complications.
  
  
  
  Combination of gastric electrical stimulator and pyloroplasty significantly accelerated gastric emptying and improved gastroparesis symptoms. Combining these two surgical therapies improves both subjective and objective endpoints in drug refractory gastroparesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 4800 Alberta Ave, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA. br.davis@ttuhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Brian R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 4800 Alberta Ave, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sarosiek
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 4800 Alberta Ave, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bashashati
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 4800 Alberta Ave, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alvarado
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 4800 Alberta Ave, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: McCallum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D018589:Gastroparesis / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000074882:Pyloromyotomy; D011708:Pylorus / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Enterra®; Gastric emptying; Gastroparesis; Neurostimulator; Pyloroplasty