title: Parameter set for computer-assisted texture analysis of fetal brain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnetic resonance data were collected from a diverse population of gravid women to objectively compare the quality of 1.5-tesla (1.5 T) versus 3-T magnetic resonance imaging of the developing human brain. MaZda and B11 computational-visual cognition tools were used to process 2D images. We proposed a wavelet-based parameter and two novel histogram-based parameters for Fisher texture analysis in three-dimensional space.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wavenhl, focus index, and dispersion index revealed better quality for 3 T. Though both 1.5 and 3 T images were 16-bit DICOM encoded, nearly 16 and 12 usable bits were measured in 3 and 1.5 T images, respectively. The four-bit padding observed in 1.5 T K-space encoding mimics noise by adding illusionistic details, which are not really part of the image. In contrast, zero-bit padding in 3 T provides space for storing more details and increases the likelihood of noise but as well as edges, which in turn are very crucial for differentiation of closely related anatomical structures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both encoding modes are possible with both units, but higher 3 T resolution is the main difference. It contributes to higher perceived and available dynamic range. Apart from surprisingly larger Fisher coefficient, no significant difference was observed when testing was conducted with down-converted 8-bit BMP images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. hugues.gentillon@stud.umed.lodz.pl.|Institute of Electronics, The Faculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. hugues.gentillon@stud.umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Hugues
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gentillon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Ludomir
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stefańczyk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronics, The Faculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strzelecki
authors.affiliation: Diagnosis and Prevention of Congenital Malformations, Instytut Centrum Zdrowia Matki Polki, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Respondek-Liberska
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D011786:Quality Control; D012984:Software; D014463:Ultrasonography; D058067:Wavelet Analysis
keywords: Artificial intelligence; Computational visual cognition; Computer-assisted radiology; Fetal brain; Histogram; Hugues Gentillon; Mazda; Medical cybernetics; Prenatal development; Teleradiology; Wavelets; b11