title: Cardiac T1 Mapping and Extracellular Volume (ECV) in clinical practice: a comprehensive review.
abstract: Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance is increasingly used to differentiate the aetiology of cardiomyopathies. Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) is the reference standard for non-invasive imaging of myocardial scar and focal fibrosis and is valuable in the differential diagnosis of ischaemic versus non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Diffuse fibrosis may go undetected on LGE imaging. Tissue characterisation with parametric mapping methods has the potential to detect and quantify both focal and diffuse alterations in myocardial structure not assessable by LGE. Native and post-contrast T1 mapping in particular has shown promise as a novel biomarker to support diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic decision making in ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies as well as in patients with acute chest pain syndromes. Furthermore, changes in the myocardium over time may be assessed longitudinally with this non-invasive tissue characterisation method.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. Philip.Haaf@usb.ch.|Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4054, Basel, Switzerland. Philip.Haaf@usb.ch.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haaf
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine - Cardiology, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Messroghli
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Broadbent
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. S.Plein@leeds.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Plein
mesh_terms: D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005355:Fibrosis; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium
keywords: Acute chest pain syndromes; Cardiomyopathy; Diffuse myocardial fibrosis; ECV; T1 mapping