title: The revival of old antibiotics for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in the era of antibiotic stewardship.
abstract: In the era of increasing antibiotic resistance worldwide, this review highlights the advantages of revival of old antibiotics for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs).
  
  
  
  Recent studies have shown that these four oral old antibiotics, fosfomycin trometamol, nitrofurantoin, nitroxoline and pivmecillinam, show no increasing antibiotic resistance against uropathogens causing uUTI, are still effective for the treatment of uUTI and exhibit only minimal or no collateral damage as compared with fluoroquinolones or third-generation cephalosporines.
  
  
  
  According to the principles of antibiotic stewardship, the prudent use of antibiotics is needed. Therefore, recent international and national guidelines already favour these old oral antibiotics as first-choice treatment of uUTI. Unfortunately, implementation of these guidelines is still suboptimal.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment for Urology and Pediatric Urology, Hospital St. Antonius, Eschweiler bDepartment of Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden cDepartment of Internal Medicine, Klinik für Akutgeriatrie und Frührehabilitation, Ev. Krankenhaus Köln-Kalk, Cologne dUroEvidence@Deutsche Gesellschaft für Urologie, Berlin eTechnical University, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kranz
authors.forename: Sina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Helbig
authors.forename: Falitsa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mandraka
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Kurt G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Naber
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000073602:Antimicrobial Stewardship; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones