title: Effects of Ibuprofen and Resistance Training on Bone and Muscle: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Older Women.
abstract: Resistance training with ibuprofen supplementation may improve musculoskeletal health in postmenopausal women. The study purpose was to determine the efficacy of resistance training and ibuprofen supplementation on bone and muscle properties in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  
  Participants (n = 90, 65.3 ± 4.9 yr) were randomly assigned to: supervised resistance training or stretching (placebo-exercise) with postexercise ibuprofen (400 mg) or placebo supplementation for 3 d·wk (9 months). Baseline and postintervention measurements included distal and shaft scans of the forearm and lower leg using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Distal site outcomes included cross-sectional area, content, and density for total and trabecular bone, as well as estimated bone strength in compression. Shaft site outcomes included total bone area; cortical bone area, content, and density; estimated bone strength in torsion; and muscle area and density.
  
  
  
  Exercise-supplement-time interactions for total bone content at the distal radius (P = 0.009) and cortical density at the radius shaft (P = 0.038) were significant. Resistance training with ibuprofen decreased total bone content (-1.5%) at the distal radius in comparison to the resistance training (0.6%; P = 0.032) and ibuprofen alone (0.5%; P = 0.050). Change in cortical density at the radius shaft differed between the stretching with placebo and ibuprofen supplementation groups (-1.8% vs 1.1%; P = 0.050). Resistance training preserved muscle density in the lower leg more so than stretching (-3.1% vs -5.4%; P = 0.015).
  
  
  
  Ibuprofen consumed immediately after resistance training had a deleterious effect on bone mineral content at the distal radius, whereas resistance training or ibuprofen supplementation individually prevented bone loss. Resistance training prevented muscle density decline in the lower leg.
authors.affiliation: 1College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CANADA; 2Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, CANADA; 3College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CANADA; 4School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CANADA; and 5College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CANADA.
authors.forename: Whitney R D
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Duff
authors.forename: Philip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Chilibeck
authors.forename: Darren G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Candow
authors.forename: Julianne J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Riley S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taylor-Gjevre
authors.forename: Bindu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szafron
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baxter-Jones
authors.forename: Gordon A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Zello
authors.forename: Saija A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kontulainen
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D017698:Postmenopause; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D055070:Resistance Training; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007052:Ibuprofen