title: The DanCavas Pilot Study of Multifaceted Screening for Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Women Aged 65-74 Years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This pilot study of a large population based randomised screening trial investigated feasibility, acceptability, and relevance (prevalence of clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease [CVD] and proportion receiving insufficient prevention) of a multifaceted screening for CVD.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 2060 randomly selected Danish men and women aged 65-74 years were offered (i) low dose non-contrast computed tomography to detect coronary artery calcification (CAC) and aortic/iliac aneurysms; (ii) detection of atrial fibrillation (AF); (iii) brachial and ankle blood pressure measurements; and (iv) blood levels of cholesterol and hemoglobin A1c. Web based self booking and data management was used to reduce the administrative burden.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Attendance rates were 64.9% (n = 678) and 63.0% (n = 640) for men and women, respectively. In total, 39.7% received a recommendation for medical preventive actions. Prevalence of aneurysms was 12.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.9-14.9) in men and 1.1% (95% CI 0.3-1.9) in women, respectively (p < .001). A CAC score > 400 was found in 37.8% of men and 11.3% of women (p < .001), along with a significant increase in median CAC score with age (p = .03). Peripheral arterial disease was more prevalent in men (18.8%, 95% CI 15.8-21.8) than in women (11.2%, 95% CI 8.7-13.6). No significant differences between the sexes were found with regard to newly discovered AF (men 1.3%, women 0.5%), potential hypertension (men 9.7%, women 11.5%), hypercholesterolemia (men 0.9%, women 1.1%) or diabetes mellitus (men 2.1%, women 1.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Owing to the higher prevalence of severe conditions, such as aneurysms and CAC ≥ 400, screening for CVD seemed more prudent in men than women. The attendance rates were acceptable compared with other screening programs and the logistical structure of the screening program proved successful.
authors.affiliation: Elitary Research Centre of Individualised Medicine in Arterial Disease (CIMA), Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: thomasvedelkvist@gmail.com.
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Kvist
authors.affiliation: Elitary Research Centre of Individualised Medicine in Arterial Disease (CIMA), Odense, Denmark; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lindholt
authors.affiliation: Elitary Research Centre of Individualised Medicine in Arterial Disease (CIMA), Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Søgaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Odense Svendborg, Svendborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lambrechtsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Steffensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Diagnostic Centre, Regional Hospital Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.affiliation: Elitary Research Centre of Individualised Medicine in Arterial Disease (CIMA), Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mickley
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hallas
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Diagnostic Centre, Regional Hospital Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Urbonaviciene
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Busk
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Odense Svendborg, Svendborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Egstrup
authors.affiliation: Elitary Research Centre of Individualised Medicine in Arterial Disease (CIMA), Odense, Denmark; Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.
authors.forename: A C P
authors.initials: ACP
authors.lastname: Diederichsen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin
keywords: Aortic aneurysm; Cardiovascular prevention; Computed tomography; Coronary calcium score; Peripheral arterial disease; Screening