title: Iatrogenic parafoveal macular hole following Nd-YAG posterior hyaloidotomy for premacular haemorrhage.
abstract: Premacular sub-internal limiting membrane (sub-ILM) haemorrhage is a known cause of sudden profound loss of vision. Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (ND-YAG) posterior hyaloidotomy is an inexpensive, effective and safe treatment modality for rapid drainage of haemorrhage covering the macula. An 18-year-old male patient presented to us with a history of Nd-YAG posterior hyaloidotomy for Valsalva-related premacular bleed. At the posterior pole, a cavity formed by the detached ILM with a central defect in ILM-posterior hyaloid complex was evident. High-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT) showed normal foveal contour with a parafoveal macular hole. Hence, good clinical judgement, appropriate positioning of hyaloidotomy and use of lowest possible energy level is the key to a successful and safe laser drainage of a premacular haemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Vitreo-Retina, Uveitis and ROP Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bypareddy
authors.affiliation: Vitreo-Retina, Uveitis and ROP Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rohan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chawla
authors.affiliation: Vitreo-Retina, Uveitis and ROP Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Shorya Vardhan
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Azad
authors.affiliation: Vitreo-Retina, Uveitis and ROP Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Brijesh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Takkar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004322:Drainage; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence