title: Speech and language interventions for infants aged 0 to 2 years at high risk for cerebral palsy: a systematic review.
abstract: We evaluated the level of evidence of speech, language, and communication interventions for infants at high-risk for, or with a diagnosis of, cerebral palsy (CP) from 0 to 2 years old.
  
  
  
  We performed a systematic review of relevant terms. Articles were evaluated based on the level of methodological quality and evidence according to A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines.
  
  
  
  The search terms provided 17 publications consisting of speech or language interventions. There were no interventions in the high level of evidence category. The overall level of evidence was very low. Promising interventions included Responsivity and Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching and other parent-infant transaction frameworks.
  
  
  
  There are few evidence-based interventions addressing speech, language, and communication needs of infants and toddlers at high risk for CP, and none for infants diagnosed with CP. Recommendation guidelines include parent-infant transaction programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Olena
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chorna
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Ellyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hamm
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Therapies, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Caitlin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Therapies, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fetters
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.|Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Nathalie L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Maitre
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007808:Language Therapy; D013070:Speech Therapy