title: A randomized trial Examining The Impact Of Communicating Genetic And Lifestyle Risks For Obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Genetic testing for obesity is available directly to consumers, yet little is understood about its behavioral impact and its added value to nongenetic risk communication efforts based on lifestyle factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized trial examined the short-term impact of providing personalized obesity risk information, using a 2 × 2 factorial design. Participants were recruited from the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative (CPMC) and randomized to receive (1) no risk information (control), (2) genetic risk, (3) lifestyle risk, or (4) combined genetic/lifestyle risks. Baseline and 3-month follow-up survey data were collected. Analyses examined the impact of risk feedback on intentions to lose weight and self-reported weight.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 696 participants completed the study. A significant interaction effect was observed for genetic and lifestyle information on intent to lose weight (P = 0.0150). Those who received genetic risk alone had greater intentions at follow-up, compared with controls (P = 0.0034). The impact of receiving elevated risk information on intentions varied by source and combination of risks presented. Non-elevated genetic risk did not lower intentions. No group differences were observed for self-reported weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic risk information for obesity may add value to lifestyle risk information depending on the context in which it is presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Catharine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Erynn S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Tricia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Norkunas
authors.affiliation: Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wawak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Ching-Ti
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Data Coordinating Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.affiliation: Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kasper
authors.affiliation: Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Christman
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Broad Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bowen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D057285:Precision Medicine; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss