title: Gd@C82metallofullerenes for neutron capture therapy-fullerene solubilization by poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) and resultant efficacyin vitro.
abstract: Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PEG-b-PAMA) was found to solubilize fullerenes such as C60, and this technique was applied to metallofullerenes. Gd@C82was easily dissolved in water in the presence of PEG-b-PAMA without any covalent derivatization, forming a transparent complex about 20-30 nm in diameter. Low cytotoxicity was confirmedin vitro. Neutron irradiation of cultured cells (colon-26 adenocarcinoma) with Gd@C82-PEG-b-PAMA-complexed nanoparticles showed effective cytotoxicity, indicating the effective emission of gamma rays and internal conversion electrons produced from the neutron capture reaction of Gd. This result suggests a potentially valuable approach to gadolinium-based neutron capture therapy.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba, Ten-noudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba, Ten-noudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinpei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba, Ten-noudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Master's School of Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ten-noudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Satellite Laboratory of International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), Ten-noudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagasaki
keywords: Gd@C82; GdNCT; PEG-b-polyamine; fullerene; in vitro; neutron capture therapy