title: Involvement of inflammation and its related microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed type of cancer. The tumor inflammatory microenvironment regulates almost every step towards liver tumorigenesis and subsequent progression, and regulation of the inflammation-related signaling pathways, cytokines, chemokines and non-coding RNAs influences the proliferation, migration and metastasis of liver tumor cells. Inflammation fine-tunes the cancer microenvironment to favor epithelial-mesenchymal transition, in which cancer stem cells maintain tumorigenic potential. Emerging evidence points to inflammation-related microRNAs as crucial molecules to integrate the complex cellular and molecular crosstalk during HCC progression. Thus understanding the mechanisms by which inflammation regulates microRNAs might provide novel and admissible strategies for preventing, diagnosing and treating HCC. In this review, we will update three hypotheses of hepatocarcinogenesis and elaborate the most predominant inflammation signaling pathways, i.e. IL-6/STAT3 and NF-κB. We also try to summarize the crucial tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing microRNAs and detail how they regulate HCC initiation and progression and collaborate with other critical modulators in this review.
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Duffhues
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.|Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.|Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: cancer stem cells; cell signaling; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; inflammation; microRNAs