title: The hypertriglyceridemic waist and waist-to-height ratio phenotypes and chronic kidney disease: Cross-sectional and prospective investigations.
abstract: We investigated the association between two hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) and waist-to height ratio (HWHtR) phenotypes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) using cross sectional and prospective analysis.
  
  
  
  Data of 12,012 individuals (44% men) of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) at two phases [(1999-2001) and (2002-2005)], were used for cross-sectional analysis. This population was followed until 2014 with median follow-up 12.4 years (95% confidence interval (CI): 11.8; 12.4). The data of 8225 individuals (45% men) were used for prospective analysis. The outcome was the development of CKD defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60mL/min/1.73m2. The HW phenotype was defined as waist circumference (WC) >90cm in men and >85cm in women, along with TGs >2.0mmol/L. The HWHtR phenotype was defined as waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) >0.5 and TGs >2mmol/L. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression were used to statistical analysis.
  
  
  
  Cross sectional analysis showed that in women, both HW and HWHtR phenotypes were associated with CKD after controlling for confounders [(OR: 1.37, CI: 1.01-1.86, p<0.05) and (OR: 1.58, CI: 1.03-2.41, p<0.05)], respectively. Among men, HW and HWHtR were associated with prevalent CKD in unadjusted and age adjusted models; these associations were not significant after further adjustment for confounders. In prospective analysis, neither HW nor HWHtR phenotypes were significant predictor for CKD progression.
  
  
  
  HW and HWHtR phenotypes were associated with prevalent CKD in cross sectional setting. In prospective analysis HW and HWHtR did not show significant effect in prediction of CKD.
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Azra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramezankhani
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fereidoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azizi
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghanbarian
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parizadeh
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: fzhadaegh@endocrine.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hadaegh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D064250:Hypertriglyceridemic Waist / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D065927:Waist-Height Ratio; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Hypertriglyceridemia; Waist circumference; Waist to height