title: The blood brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, affecting millions of people worldwide. One of the prominent causative factors of AD pathogenesis is cerebral vascular dysfunction, which results in diminished cerebral perfusion. Moreover, due to the loss of the protective function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), impaired clearance of excess neurotoxic amyloid beta (Aβ) occurs, causing vascular perturbation and diminished cognitive functioning. The relationship between the prevalence of AD and vascular risk factors is complex and not fully understood. In this review we illustrate the vascular risk factors, their effects on BBB function and their contributions to the onset of AD. Additionally, we discuss the underlying factors that may lead to altered neurovascular function and/or cerebral hypoperfusion in AD.
authors.affiliation: Blood-brain barrier research group, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007, MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.chakraborty@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Blood-brain barrier research group, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007, MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: van der Flier
authors.affiliation: Blood-brain barrier research group, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007, MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003071:Cognition; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; blood-brain barrier; vascular disorders