title: Anthraquinones from Morinda longissima and their insulin mimetic activities via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation.
abstract: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators are known to increase energy metabolism and to reduce body weight, as well as to improve glucose uptake. During for searching AMPK activators, a new anthraquinone, modasima A (10), along with eighteen known analogues (1-9 and 11-19) were isolated from an ethanol extract of the roots of Morinda longissima Y. Z. Ruan (Rubiaceae). Using the fluorescent tagged glucose analogues, 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG), insulin mimetics were screened with compounds 1-19 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Among them, compounds 2, 8 and 10 enhanced significantly glucose uptake into adipocytes and up-regulated the phosphorylated AMPK (Thr172) whereas the glucose uptake enhancing activities of compounds 2, 8 and 10 were abrogated by treatment of compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. Taken together, these anthraquinones showed the potential action as insulin mimetic to improve glucose uptake via activation of AMPK.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Phi-Hung
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Thi Kim Quy
authors.initials: TKQ
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-Dong, Buk-Gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Da-Woon
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-Dong, Buk-Gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Darren R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: wkoh1@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Won-Keun
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D032066:Morinda / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D005947:Glucose
keywords: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); Anthraquinone; Glucose uptake; Morinda longissima