title: Effect of human development index parameters on tuberculosis incidence in Turkish provinces.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A country's development level is measured with a quantitative parameter called the human development index (HDI). The present study researched the effects of HDI parameters (such as healthcare standards, income, and education level) on the incidence of tuberculosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  HDI data of 36 provinces of Turkey and the tuberculosis surveillance data were obtained from the Ministry of Development and the Ministry of Health, respectively. The associations between the incidence of tuberculosis and other HDI parameters were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher population density (n/km2) (CI = 0.05 to 0.40) and higher relapse rate of tuberculosis (CI = 0.36 to 1.48) were identified to be independent predicting factors that increased the incidence of tuberculosis, whereas higher gross national product (CI = -0.06 to 0.00), the population that holds a green Medicare card (CI=-0.58 to -0.04), increased general practitioners per 100,000 people (CI=-0.66 to -0.01), female population (CI = -0.70 to -0.06), married population (CI = -1.34 to -0.03), were found to be significant negative predicting factors that were relevant to the incidence (protective against tuberculosis).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tuberculosis is a disease that is affected by multiple factors, including the components of HDI. Improvement of income level, facilitation of access to health services via health insurance, urbanization with lower population density strategy, and provision of enough general practitioners may be useful in reducing the incidence of TB' in provinces of developing countries such as Turkey.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. mahsuktaylan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahsuk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taylan
authors.forename: Melike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Sureyya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.forename: Halide
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Hadice Selimoglu
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Menduh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oruc
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Icer
authors.forename: Ercan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gunduz
authors.forename: Cengizhan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sezgi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult