title: Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with stem cell features, cholangiolocellular subtype after inferior vena cava stent placement for a patient with Budd-Chiari syndrome.
abstract: We report a case of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with stem cell features, cholangiolocellular subtype arising about 15 years after placement of an inferior vena cava stent for primary Budd-Chiari syndrome. Pre-surgical differentiation of the tumor from hepatocellular carcinoma was difficult because of elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein and hypervascularity in the arterial phase. Histopathological examination revealed atypical cells forming ductal and alveolar structures showing a vague border with the surrounding liver. Immunostaining showed positive results for epithelial membrane antigen, mainly localized to the apical surface of the tubules, representing a characteristic finding for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with stem cell features, cholangiolocellular subtype. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with stem cell features arising in the liver with hepatic damage from Budd-Chiari syndrome is not common, but diagnosis is important to manage the malignancy, which shows different clinical behaviors from hepatocellular carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakane
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Keigo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Osuga
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
keywords: Budd–Chiari syndrome; cholangiolocellular carcinoma; combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with stem cell features