title: Effect of tart cherry juice on recovery and next day performance in well-trained Water Polo players.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tart Montmorency cherries contain high concentrations of phytochemicals and anthocyanins, which have recently been linked to improved athletic recovery and subsequent performance. To date however, previous work reporting promising results has focused on land-based endurance sports, with any potential benefits to team sports remaining unknown. As such, this investigation set-out to examine the effect of supplemental tart cherry juice (CJ) on recovery and next day athletic performance in highly-trained water-based team sport athletes over seven days.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomised, double-blind, repeated measures, crossover design, nine male Water Polo athletes were supplemented with CJ or a placebo equivalent (PLA) for six consecutive days. Prior to, and at the completion of the supplementation period, water-based performance testing was conducted. On day 6, participants also undertook a fatiguing simulated team game activity. Venous blood samples were collected (Pre-exercise: day 1, 6 and 7; Post-exercise: day 6) to investigate markers of inflammation [Interleukin-6 (IL-6); C-reactive protein (CRP)] and oxidative stress [Uric Acid (UA); F2-Isoprostane (F2-IsoP)]. A daily diary was also completed (total quality of recovery, delayed onset muscle soreness) as a measure of perceptual recovery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both conditions, day 6 post-exercise IL-6 was significantly higher than pre-exercise and day 7 (p< 0.05); CRP was greater on day 7 as compared to day 6 pre- and post-exercise (p< 0.05); F2-IsoP was significantly lower on day 7 as compared to day 1 and day 6 (p< 0.05); UA remained unchanged (p> 0.05). No differences were found for any performance or recovery measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lack of difference observed in the blood markers between groups may reflect the intermittent, non-weight bearing demands of Water Polo, with such activity possibly unable to create a substantial inflammatory response or oxidative stress (over 7 days) to impede performance; thereby negating any potential beneficial effects associated with CJ supplementation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This trial was registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). Registration number: ACTRN12616001080415. Date registered: 11/08/2016, retrospectively registered.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia Australia ; Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mt Claremont, Western Australia Australia.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.affiliation: School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia Australia ; Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mt Claremont, Western Australia Australia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peeling
authors.affiliation: Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mt Claremont, Western Australia Australia.
authors.forename: Martyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Binnie
authors.affiliation: School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia Australia.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.affiliation: Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mt Claremont, Western Australia Australia ; School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University, Mt Helen, Victoria Australia.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5166-0605
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D001315:Australia; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D063806:Myalgia / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D009520:New Zealand; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000068220:Prunus avium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013177:Sports; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D005419:Flavonoids; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Supplement; Team-sports