title: Characterization of the anti-inflammation mechanism for the AO herbal extract.
abstract: A broad range of cytokines are secreted during the inflammatory response by the immune system. Some cytokines promote inflammation, while others inhibit inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines work in harmony when they encounter external pathogens or internal dangers. Inflammation is resolved after the cause is eliminated. However, if the cause persists, it can lead to significant diseases. The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα is a biomarker for the inflammatory response. The AO herbal mixture extracted from 10 medicinal herbs has been investigated for its ability to control the inflammatory process and to inhibit TNFα activity. To find the treatment for inflammation related diseases, we examined whether the AO herbal extract is able to affect the activities of other cytokines. Here we present that the AO herbal extract is able to inhibit pro-inflammatory factor activities including IL-1α. However, it does not affect the activities of IL-1β and IL-6. Interestingly, it promotes the activity of anti-inflammatory factors including IL-4 and IL-13.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, James G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. Electronic address: hong.ye@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, James G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, James G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, James G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
authors.forename: A Bennett
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Jenson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: IL-13; IL-1α; IL-1β; IL-4; IL-6; Medicinal herb; TNFα