title: Identification and interspecies transmission of a novel bocaparvovirus among different bat species in China.
abstract: We report the discovery of a novel bocaparvovirus, bat bocaparvovirus (BtBoV), in one spleen, four respiratory and 61 alimentary samples from bats of six different species belonging to three families, Hipposideridae, Rhinolophidae and Vespertilionidae. BtBoV showed a higher detection rate in alimentary samples of Rhinolophus sinicus (5.7 %) than those of other bat species (0.43-1.59 %), supporting R. sinicus as the primary reservoir and virus spillover to accidental bat species. BtBoV peaked during the lactating season of R. sinicus, and it was more frequently detected among female than male adult bats (P<0.05), and among lactating than non-lactating female bats (P<0.0001). Positive BtBoV detection was associated with lower body weight in lactating bats (P<0.05). Ten nearly complete BtBoV genomes from three bat species revealed a unique large ORF1 spanning NS1 and NP1 in eight genomes and conserved splicing signals leading to multiple proteins, as well as a unique substitution in the conserved replication initiator motif within NS1. BtBoV was phylogenetically distantly related to known bocaparvoviruses with ≤57.3 % genome identities, supporting BtBoV as a novel species. Ms-BtBoV from Miniopterus schreibersii and Hp-BtBoV from Hipposideros pomona demonstrated 97.2-99.9 % genome identities with Rs-BtBoVs from R. sinicus, supporting infection of different bat species by a single BtBoV species. Rs-BtBoV_str15 represents the first bat parvovirus genome with non-coding regions sequenced, which suggested the presence of head-to-tail genomic concatamers or episomal forms of the genome. This study represents the first to describe interspecies transmission in BoVs. The high detection rates in lactating female and juvenile bats suggest possible vertical transmission of BtBoV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Susanna K P
authors.initials: SKP
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Syed Shakeel
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Hazel C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Kenneth S M
authors.initials: KSM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Rachel Y Y
authors.initials: RYY
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Toni Y C
authors.initials: TYC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian-Piao
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Bo-Jian
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Samson S Y
authors.initials: SSY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Patrick C Y
authors.initials: PCY
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.|State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Kwok-Yung
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yuen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D052660:Bocavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002681:China; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012621:Seasons; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins