title: Insulin pump failures in Italian children with Type 1 diabetes: retrospective 1-year cohort study.
abstract: Insulin pump failure and/or malfunction requiring replacement have not been thoroughly investigated. This study evaluated pump replacement in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy.
  
  
  
  Data were collected for all participants younger than 19 years, starting insulin pump therapy before 31 December 2013. For each child, age, disease duration, date of insulin pump therapy initiation, insulin pump model, failure/malfunction/replacement yes/no and reason were considered for the year 2013.
  
  
  
  Data were returned by 40 of 43 paediatric centres belonging to the Diabetes Study Group of the Italian Society of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology. In total, 1574 of 11 311 (13.9%) children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes were using an insulin pump: 29.2% Animas VIBE™, 9.4% Medtronic MiniMed 715/515™, 34.3% Medtronic MiniMed VEO™, 24.3% Accu-Check Spirit Combo™and 2.8% other models. In 2013, 0.165 insulin pump replacements per patient-year (11.8% due to pump failure/malfunction and 4.7% due to accidental damage) were recorded. Animas VIBE™(22.1%) and Medtronic MiniMed VEO™(17.7%) were the most replaced.
  
  
  
  In a large cohort of Italian children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes, insulin pump failure/malfunction and consequent replacement are aligned with rates previously reported and higher in more sophisticated pump models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rabbone
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Minuto
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Scientific Institute Hospital San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonfanti
authors.affiliation: Regional Center for Paediatric Diabetes, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marigliano
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cerutti
authors.affiliation: Regional Center for Diabetes in Children and Adolescents, AOU Salesi Hospital, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cherubini
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: d'Annunzio
authors.affiliation: Unit of Paediatric Diabetes, Brotzu Hospital, Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Frongia
authors.affiliation: Regional Center for Paediatric Diabetes Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iafusco
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ignaccolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lombardo
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, University Department of Paediatric Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schiaffini
authors.affiliation: Juvenile Diabetes Center, Anna Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toni
authors.affiliation: Center of Paediatric Diabetology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tumini
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zucchini
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pistorio
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Scaramuzza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004868:Equipment Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin