title: Validation of the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay and its application on the distribution study of the major alleles of 17 blood group systems in Chinese donors from Guangzhou.
abstract: Genotyping platforms for common red blood cell (RBC) antigens have been successfully applied in Caucasian and black populations but not in Chinese populations. In this study, a genotyping assay based on multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technology was applied in a Chinese population to validate the MLPA probes. Subsequently, the comprehensive distribution of 17 blood group systems also was obtained.
  
  
  
  DNA samples from 200 Chinese donors were extracted and genotyped using the blood-MLPA assay. To confirm the MLPA results, a second independent genotyping assay (ID Core+) was conducted in 40 donors, and serological typing of 14 blood-group antigens was performed in 91 donors. In donors who had abnormal copy numbers of an allele (DI and GYPB) determined by MLPA, additional experiments were performed (polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, and flow cytometry analysis).
  
  
  
  The genotyping results obtained using the blood-MLPA and ID Core+ assays were consistent. Serological data were consistent with the genotyping results except for one donor who had a Lu(a-b-) phenotype. Of the 17 blood group systems, the distribution of the MNS, Duffy, Kidd, Diego, Yt, and Dombrock systems was polymorphic. The Mur and Staantigens of the MNS system were distributed with a frequency of 9% (18 of 200) and 2% (4 of 200), respectively. One donor with chimerism and one who carried a novel DI*02(A845V) allele, which predicts the depression of Dibantigen expression, were identified.
  
  
  
  The blood-MLPA assay could easily identify the common blood-group alleles and correctly predicted phenotype in the Chinese population. The Mur and Staantigens were distributed with high frequency in a Southern Chinese Han population.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.|Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jizhi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Barbera
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Veldhuisen
authors.affiliation: Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lonneke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Haer-Wigman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: MRC-Holland b.v, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lodén-van Straaten
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guangping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yongshui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C Ellen
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: van der Schoot
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D001789:Blood Group Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D001789:Blood Group Antigens