title: Improved Separations of Proteins and Sugar Derivatives Using the Small-Scale Cross-Axis Coil Planet Centrifuge with Locular Multilayer Coiled Columns.
abstract: Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is liquid-liquid partition chromatography without using a solid support matrix. This technique requires further improvement of partition efficiency and shortening theseparation time.
  The locular multilayer coils modified with and without mixer glass beads were developed for the separation of proteins and 4-methylumbelliferyl (MU) sugar derivatives using the small-scale cross-axis coil planet centrifuge.
  Proteins were well separated from each other and the separation was improved at a low flow rate of the mobile phase. On the other hand, 4-MU sugar derivatives were sufficiently resolved with short separation time at a highflow rate of the mobile phase under satisfactory stationary phase retention.
  Effective separations were achieved using the locular multilayer coil for proteins with aqueous-aqueous polymer phase systems and for 4-MU sugar derivatives with organic-aqueous two-phase solvent systems by inserting a glass bead into each locule.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1, Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazufusa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinomiya
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1, Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umezawa
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1, Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1, Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1, Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zaima
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1, Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harikai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioseparation Technology, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 8N230, Bethesda, MD 20892-1762, USA.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
keywords: 4-methylumbelliferyl sugar derivatives; countercurrent chromatography; cross-axis coil planet centrifuge; locular multilayer coil; partition efficiency; proteins