title: The Hypertensive Myocardium: From Microscopic Lesions to Clinical Complications and Outcomes.
abstract: The chronic hemodynamic load imposed by hypertension on the left ventricle leads to lesions in the myocardium that result in structural remodeling, which provides support for alterations in cardiac function, perfusion, and electrical activity that adversely influence the clinical evolution of hypertensive heart disease. Management must include detecting, reducing, and reversing left ventricular hypertrophy, as well as the detection and repair of microscopic lesions responsible for myocardial remodeling. Reducing the burden associated with hypertensive heart disease can be targeted using personalized treatment. The noninvasive, biomarker-mediated identification of subsets of patients with hypertensive heart disease is essential to provide personalized treatment.
authors.affiliation: Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: María U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Av. Pío XII, 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eiros
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Av. Pío XII, 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gavira
authors.affiliation: Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Programa de Cardiología Clínica, Clínica CardioVID, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Calle 78B 75-21, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gallego
authors.affiliation: Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Arantxa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ravassa
authors.affiliation: Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beaumont
authors.affiliation: Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gorka
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: San José
authors.affiliation: Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Av. Pío XII, 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain. Electronic address: jadimar@unav.es.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Díez
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D017209:Apoptosis; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D005355:Fibrosis; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000473:pathology; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Arterial hypertension; Cardiomyocyte apoptosis; Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy; Hypertensive heart disease; Left ventricular hypertrophy; Microcirculation abnormalities; Myocardial fibrosis