title: Antiviral activity of hemolymph of Podalia against rubella virus.
abstract: Many active principles produced by animals, plants and microorganisms have been employed in the development of new drugs for the treatment of human diseases. Among animals known to produce pharmacologically active molecules that interfere in human cell physiology. Rubella virus (genus Rubivirus, family Togaviridae) is a single stranded RNA virus of positive genome polarity. Rubella virus infection of susceptible women during the first trimester of pregnancy often results in long-term virus persistence in the fetus causing multiple organ abnormalities. Potent antiviral activity against rubella virus (RV) has been observed in the hemolymph of Podalia sp. (Lepidoptera: Megalopygidae). This study evaluated the effect of hemolymph on RV infected Statens Serum Institute Rabbit Cornea (SIRC) cells. Results of cell viability and cell proliferation assays indicated that hemolymph was not toxic to cultured SIRC cells. Viral binding assay, antiviral assay, PCR, real-time PCR, and transmission electron microscopy were used to demonstrate that hemolymph in post-treatment could inhibit the production of infectious RV particles. Specifically, hemolymph was found to inhibit RV adsorption to the SIRC cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Mendonça
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Doenças Respiratórias, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 355, São Paulo, CEP 01246-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Doenças Respiratórias, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 355, São Paulo, CEP 01246-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Curti
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Doenças Respiratórias, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 355, São Paulo, CEP 01246-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Doenças Respiratórias, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 355, São Paulo, CEP 01246-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Microcopia Eletrônica, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: N N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Taniwaki
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonelotto
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: D N S
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Giovanni
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R H P
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Doenças Respiratórias, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 355, São Paulo, CEP 01246-902, Brazil. figueiredocris@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
keywords: Antiviral; Congenital Rubella Syndrome; Hemolymph; Rubella virus