title: Recreating composition, structure, functionalities of tissues at nanoscale for regenerative medicine.
abstract: Nanotechnology offers significant potential in regenerative medicine, specifically with the ability to mimic tissue architecture at the nanoscale. In this perspective, we highlight key achievements in the nanotechnology field for successfully mimicking the composition and structure of different tissues, and the development of bio-inspired nanotechnologies and functional nanomaterials to improve tissue regeneration. Numerous nanomaterials fabricated by electrospinning, nanolithography and self-assembly have been successfully applied to regenerate bone, cartilage, muscle, blood vessel, heart and bladder tissue. We also discuss nanotechnology-based regenerative medicine products in the clinic for tissue engineering applications, although so far most of them are focused on bone implants and fillers. We believe that recent advances in nanotechnologies will enable new applications for tissue regeneration in the near future.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02139, USA.|Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.|Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34668, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alarçin
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02139, USA.|Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.|Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02139, USA.|Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Sara Saheb
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kashaf
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
authors.forename: Khairat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elbaradie
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02139, USA.|Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Huazhe
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02139, USA.|Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.|Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Hae Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02139, USA.|Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.|Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.|Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.|Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khademhosseini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D032701:Biomimetics; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
keywords: FDA-approved products; biomimetic; drug delivery; nanomaterial; nanostructure; nanotechnology; regenerative medicine; tissue regeneration