title: Regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in children.
abstract: Anticoagulation of the continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) circuit is an important technical aspect of this medical procedure. Most studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of citrate use have been carried out in adults, and little evidence is available for the pediatric patient population. The aim of this study was to compare regional citrate anticoagulation versus systemic heparin anticoagulation in terms of the lifetime of hemofilters in a pediatric population receiving CRRT at a pediatric center in Bogota, Colombia.
  
  
  
  This was an analytical, observational, retrospective cohort study in which we assessed the survival of 150 hemofilters (citrate group 80 hemofilters, heparin group 70 hemofilters) used in a total of 3442 hours of CCRT (citrate group 2248 h, heparin group 1194 h). Hemofilter survival was estimated beginning at placement and continuing until filter replacement due to clotting or high trans-membrane pressures.
  
  
  
  Hemofilter survival was higher in the citrate group than in the heparin group (72 vs. 18 h; p <0.0001). Bivariate analysis showed that the hemofilter coagulation risk was significantly increased when heparin was used, regardless of hemofilter size and pump flow (hazard ratio 3.70, standard error 0.82, 95% confidence interval 2.39-5.72; p <0.00001).
  
  
  
  Regional citrate anticoagulation could be more effective than heparin systemic anticoagulation in terms of prolonging the hemofilter lifetime in patients with acute renal injury who require CRRT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Cardioinfantil IC, Instituto de Cardiologia, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Mayerly Prada
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Rico
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Cardio-infantil IC, Universidad de la Sabana, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogota, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia. JaimeFe@unisabana.edu.co.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernández Sarmiento
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, GASTRONUTRIPED, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rojas Velasquez
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Cardioinfantil IC, Instituto de Cardiologia, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Luz Stella
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: González Chaparro
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Cardioinfantil IC, Instituto de Cardiologia, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gastelbondo Amaya
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Cardio-infantil IC, Universidad de la Sabana, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogota, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Hernando
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mulett Hoyos
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Cardio-infantil IC, Universidad de la Sabana, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogota, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tibaduiza
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Cardioinfantil IC, Instituto de Cardiologia, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Quintero Gómez
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000628:therapy*; D000293:Adolescent; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D006440:Hemofiltration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D006493:Heparin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D019343:Citric Acid; D006493:Heparin
keywords: Anticoagulation; Children; Citrate; Continuous renal replacement therapy; Dialysis; Heparin