title: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli promotes the invasion and tissue damage of enterocytes infected with Candida albicans in vitro.
abstract: The principal aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro co-infection of Caco-2 cells with Candida albicans and enterohemorrhage Escherichia coli (EHEC). The ability of both species to colonize or invade the Caco-2 cells was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence and inverted microscopy. The damage to Caco-2 cells was evaluated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. C. albicans virulence gene expression (HWP1, ALS3, PLB1, SAP4, and EFG1) was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Compared to single infections with enterohemorrhage Escherichia coli or C. albicans, a co-infection colonized or invaded Caco-2 cells more quickly, and C. albicans tended to accumulate more easily, accompanied by the upregulation of related genes. In addition, the LDH activity in the co-infected group was higher than in cells infected with C. albicans or with enterohemorrhage Escherichia coli, accompanied by the upregulation of toxicity-related genes. Using Caco-2 cells as an infection model, this study demonstrated that co-infecting in vitro enterocytes with C. albicans and enterohemorrhage Escherichia coli enhanced the invasiveness and tissue damaging effects of C. albicans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma-Emergency &Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weiming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma-Emergency &Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chunrong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma-Emergency &Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D054324:Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase