title: [Health Qigong Wuqinxi improves hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectra in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in college students with mild depression].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of health Qigong Wuqinxi exercise on mild depression in college students and analyze the changes in hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectra (1H-MRS) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after the exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight volunteer college students, including 30 with mild depression and 28 healthy students, were randomized into the intervention group and non-intervention group. The students in the intervention group were asked to practice health Qigong Wuqinxi training for 12 weeks and those in the non-intervention group did not engage in such training. For each subject, BECK Depression Self-reported questionnaire (BDI), Hamilton Depression rating scale (HAMD) score, and the metabolic parameters of1H-MRS in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were evaluated before and after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before the intervention, the scores of BDI and HAMD in the depression group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), and were lowered obviously after the 12-week intervention (P<0.01). Compared with the control group,1H-MRS in the depression group before intervention showed significantly increased NAA/Cr value in the left prefrontal cortex, Cho/Cr value in the bilateral hippocampus and the left frontal lobe, and Cho/Cr value of the left hippocampus and right frontal lobe (P<0.05) with significantly lowered NAA/Cho value in the bilateral prefrontal and Cho/NAA value in the right hippocampus (P<0.05). After 12 weeks of intervention, NAA/Cr value in the bilateral hippocampus and the NAA/Cho value in the right hippocampus were significantly lowered (P<0.05), and NAA/Cho value in the right prefrontal and Cho/NAA value in the right hippocampus were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the depression group. Before the intervention, Pearson correlation analysis showed that the scores of HAMD and BDI were positively correlated with Cho/Cr value in the hippocampus and NAA/Cr value in prefrontal lobe (P<0.01) and inversely with NAA/Cho in prefrontal lobe and Cho/NAA value in the hippocampus (P<0.05); after the intervention, the scores of HAMD and BDI were positively correlated with NAA/Cr value in the hippocampus and Cho/Cr value in the left hippocampus (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exercise of health Qigong Wuqinxi can reduce depression scale scores in patients with mild depression and improve the metabolic indexes (NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr values) in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400015, China.E-mail: chengxiang134@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Dong-Mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Qi-Zhong
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D003863:Depression / Q000628:therapy*; D005625:Frontal Lobe; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D064906:Qigong; D013334:Students; D013702:Temporal Lobe
chemical_list: D006859:Hydrogen