title: Acute visual loss and intraretinal hemorrhages associated to energy drink consumption.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the association of acute visual loss secondary to intraretinal hemorrhages and energy drink consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report and literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 48-year-old hypertensive man developed an elevation in systemic blood pressure, tachycardia, and acute visual loss secondary to intraretinal hemorrhages shortly after drinking several cans of energy drinks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High consumption of energy drinks may lead to intraretinal hemorrhages and acute visual loss.
authors.affiliation: Asociados de Macula, Vitreo y Retina de Costa Rica, Apdo 144-1225 Plaza Mayor, San José, Costa Rica.
authors.forename: Christina W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Pagano
authors.affiliation: Asociados de Macula, Vitreo y Retina de Costa Rica, Apdo 144-1225 Plaza Mayor, San José, Costa Rica.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Asociados de Macula, Vitreo y Retina de Costa Rica, Apdo 144-1225 Plaza Mayor, San José, Costa Rica. LW65@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Lihteh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D001766:Blindness / Q000209:etiology*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D061215:Energy Drinks / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine
keywords: Caffeine; Energy drinks; Guarana; Intraretinal hemorrhages; Visual loss