title: Patterns of virulence factor expression and antimicrobial resistance in Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Achromobacter ruhlandii isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis.
abstract: Achromobacter spp. are opportunistic pathogens increasingly recovered from adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We report the characterization of 122 Achromobacter spp. isolates recovered from 39 CF patients by multilocus sequence typing, virulence traits, and susceptibility to antimicrobials. Two species, A. xylosoxidans (77%) and A. ruhlandii (23%) were identified. All isolates showed a similar biofilm formation ability, and a positive swimming phenotype. By contrast, 4·3% and 44·4% of A. xylosoxidans and A. ruhlandii, respectively, exhibited a negative swarming phenotype, making the swimming and swarming abilities of A. xylosoxidans significantly higher than those of A. ruhlandii. A. xylosoxidans isolates from an outbreak clone also exhibited significantly higher motility. Both species were generally susceptible to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, imipenem and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole and there was no significant difference in susceptibility between isolates from chronic or sporadic infection. However, A. xylosoxidans isolates from chronic and sporadic cases were significantly more resistant to imipenem and ceftazidime than isolates of the outbreak clone.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia,Imunologia e Parasitologia,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: R H V
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia,Imunologia e Parasitologia,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Leão
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Carvalho-Assef
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica,Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Albano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia,Imunologia e Parasitologia,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: E R A
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia,Imunologia e Parasitologia,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Firmida
authors.affiliation: Instituto Fernandes Figueira,Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Folescu
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia,Imunologia e Parasitologia,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Plotkowski
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica,Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Bernardo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia,Imunologia e Parasitologia,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Marques
mesh_terms: D042402:Achromobacter / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: 
                 Achromobacter
              ; clinical microbiology; cystic fibrosis