title: De novoFGF12mutation in 2 patients with neonatal-onset epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describe 2 additional patients with early-onset epilepsy with a de novoFGF12mutation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole-exome sequencing was performed in 2 unrelated patients with early-onset epilepsy and their unaffected parents. Genetic variants were assessed by comparative trio analysis. Clinical evolution, EEG, and neuroimaging are described. The phenotype and response to treatment was reviewed and compared to affected siblings in the original report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified the sameFGF12de novo mutation reported previously (c.G155A, p.R52H) in 2 additional patients with early-onset epilepsy. Similar to the original brothers described, both presented with tonic seizures in the first month of life. In the first patient, seizures responded to sodium channel blockers and her development was normal at 11 months. Patient 2 is a 15-year-old girl with treatment-resistant focal epilepsy, moderate intellectual disability, and autism. Carbamazepine (sodium channel blocker) was tried later in her course but not continued due to an allergic reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identification of a recurrent de novo mutation in 2 additional unrelated probands with early-onset epilepsy supports the role ofFGF12p.R52H in disease pathogenesis. Affected carriers presented with similar early clinical phenotypes; however, this report expands the phenotype associated with this mutation which contrasts with the progressive course and early mortality of the siblings in the original report.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guella
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Marna B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Toyota
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: E Martina
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Bebin
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Michelle L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Buerki
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Shelin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Margot I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Van Allen
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Tanya N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Farrer
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (CAN), Department of Medical Genetics (I.G., M.B.M., D.M.E., M.J.F.), Division of Neurology (L.H., E.B.T., S.E.B., M.B.C., M.D.), Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.M.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (M.L.T., G.M.C.), Huntsville, AL; Department of Medical Genetics (S.A., M.I.V.A.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; and Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N.N.), University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demos