title: In Operando Mechanism Analysis on Nanocrystalline Silicon Anode Material for Reversible and Ultrafast Sodium Storage.
abstract: The electrochemical mechanism of nanocrystalline silicon anode in sodium ion batteries is first studied via in operando Raman and in operando X-ray diffraction. An irreversible structural conversion from crystalline silicon to amorphous silicon takes place during the initial cycles, leading to ultrafast reversible sodium insertion in the newly generated amorphous silicon. Furthermore, an optimized silicon/carbon composite has been developed to further improve its electrochemical performance.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xianluo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chaoji
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Haipeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Gengzhao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Haijian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Jiashen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yunhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Shixue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Huakun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: anodes; in operando analysis; nanocrystal silicon; sodium ion batteries