title: Antiinflammatory and ROS Suppressive Effects of the Addition of Fiber to a High-Fat High-Calorie Meal.
abstract: Fiber intake is associated with a reduction in the occurrence of cardiovascular events and diabetes.
  
  
  
  To investigate whether the addition of fiber to a high-fat, high-calorie (HFHC) meal prevents proinflammatory changes induced by the HFHC meal.
  
  
  
  Ten normal fasting subjects consumed an HFHC meal with or without an additional 30 g of insoluble dietary fiber on 2 separate visits. Blood samples were collected over 5 hours, and mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated.
  
  
  
  Fiber addition to the HFHC meal significantly lowered glucose excursion in the first 90 minutes and increased insulin and C-peptide secretion throughout the 5-hour follow-up period compared with the meal alone. The HFHC meal induced increases in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations, MNC reactive oxygen species generation, and the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, and CD14. The addition of fiber prevented an increase in LPS and significantly reduced the increases in ROS generation and the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, TLR-4, and CD14. In addition, the meal increased Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) messenger RNA and protein levels, which were inhibited when fiber was added.
  
  
  
  The addition of fiber to a proinflammatory HFHC meal had beneficial anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects. Thus, the fiber content of the American Heart Association meal may contribute to its noninflammatory nature. If these actions of dietary fiber are sustained following long-term intake, they may contribute to fiber's known benefits in the prevention of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215.
authors.forename: Husam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghanim
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215.
authors.forename: Manav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215.
authors.forename: Sanaa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abuaysheh
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makdissi
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215.
authors.forename: Nitesh D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Kuhadiya
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaudhuri
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215.
authors.forename: Paresh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dandona
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071223:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D004043:Dietary Fiber; C508585:IL1B protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C106644:SOCS3 protein, human; D000071223:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; C439524:TNF protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1