title: Production and characterization of rhamnolipid using palm oil agricultural refinery waste.
abstract: In this research we assess the feasibility of using palm oil agricultural refinery waste as a carbon source for the production of rhamnolipid biosurfactant through fermentation. The production and characterization of rhamnolipid produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 grown on palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) under batch fermentation were investigated. Results show that P. aeruginosa PAO1 can grow and produce 0.43gL-1of rhamnolipid using PFAD as the sole carbon source. Identification of the biosurfactant product using mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of monorhamnolipid and dirhamnolipid. The rhamnolipid produced from PFAD were able to reduce surface tension to 29mNm-1with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) 420mgL-1and emulsify kerosene and sunflower oil, with an emulsion index up to 30%. Results demonstrate that PFAD could be used as a low-cost substrate for rhamnolipid production, utilizing and transforming it into a value added biosurfactant product.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Nazren
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Radzuan
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ibrahim M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Banat
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. Electronic address: james.winterburn@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winterburn
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007648:Kerosene; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008823:Micelles; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013500:Surface Tension; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006017:Glycolipids; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007648:Kerosene; D008823:Micelles; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C418382:rhamnolipid; C051310:rhamnolipid hemolysin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D000073878:Palm Oil; D002244:Carbon
keywords: Biosurfactant; Fermentation; Palm fatty acid distillate; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Rhamnolipid