title: Effect of exercise-induced muscle damage on vascular function and skeletal muscle microvascular deoxygenation.
abstract: This paper investigated the effects of unaccustomed eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) on macro- and microvascular function. We tested the hypotheses that resting local and systemic endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and microvascular reactivity would decrease, V˙O2max would be altered, and that during ramp exercise, peripheral O2extraction, evaluated via near-infrared-derived spectroscopy (NIRS) derived deoxygenated hemoglobin + myoglobin ([HHb]), would be distorted following EIMD In 13 participants, measurements were performed prior to (Pre) and 48 h after a bout of knee extensor eccentric exercise designed to elicit localized muscle damage (Post). Flow-mediated dilation and postocclusive reactive hyperemic responses measured in the superficial femoral artery served as a measurement of local vascular function relative to the damaged tissue, while the brachial artery served as an index of nonlocal, systemic, vascular function. During ramp-incremental exercise on a cycle ergometer, [HHb] and tissue saturation (TSI%) in the m. vastus lateralis were measured. Superficial femoral artery FMD significantly decreased following EIMD (pre 6.75 ± 3.89%; post 4.01 ± 2.90%; P < 0.05), while brachial artery FMD showed no change. The [HHb] and TSI% amplitudes were not different following EIMD ([HHb]: pre, 16.9 ± 4.7; post 17.7 ± 4.9; TSI%: pre, 71.0 ± 19.7; post 71.0 ± 19.7; all P > 0.05). At each progressive increase in workload (i.e., 0-100% peak), the [HHb] and TOI% responses were similar pre- and 48 h post-EIMD (P > 0.05). Additionally, V˙O2max was similar at pre- (3.0 ± 0.67 L min-1) to 48 h post (2.96 ± 0.60 L min-1)-EIMD (P > 0.05). Results suggest that moderate eccentric muscle damage leads to impaired local, but not systemic, macrovascular dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas jcaldwe5@ksu.edu.|Department of Health and Exercise Science, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.
authors.forename: Jacob T
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2893-4986
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.
authors.forename: Garrett C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Wardlow
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.
authors.forename: Patrece A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Branch
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.
authors.forename: Macarena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Black
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.
authors.forename: Carl J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ade
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D009211:Myoglobin; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Flow‐mediated dilation; muscle damage; near‐infrared spectroscopy; vascular function