title: Renal Arterial Disease and Hypertension.
abstract: Renal artery disease produces a spectrum of progressive clinical manifestations ranging from minor degrees of hypertension to circulatory congestion and kidney failure. Moderate reductions in renal blood flow do not induce tissue hypoxia or damage, making medical therapy for renovascular hypertension feasible. Several prospective trials indicate that optimized medical therapy using agents that block the renin-angiotensin system should be the initial management. Evidence of progressive disease and/or treatment failure should allow recognition of high-risk subsets that benefit from renal revascularization. Severe reductions in kidney blood flow ultimately activate inflammatory pathways that do not reverse with restoring blood flow alone.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Electronic address: textor.stephen@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Textor
mesh_terms: D017130:Angioplasty; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System; D015607:Stents
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Angiotensin; Hypertension; Ischemic nephropathy; Kidney; Renal artery stenosis; Renovascular