title: Conformity Scores Differentiate Older Hemodialyzed Patients and Patients with Continuous Peritoneal Dialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND Conformity is a psychological variable related to the propensity of an individual to match his or her behavior and opinion to the perceived social and cultural norm, even if these do not represent the true beliefs of the person. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the psychological variable of conformity is different in two distinct modes of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 56 hemodialyzed patients (HD group), 45 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients (CAPD group) and 62 healthy volunteers (CONTR group) were enrolled in the study. The Social Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) was employed, and chart review was performed to collect clinical data. RESULTS When age was not a factor, the conformity measure was significantly higher in the HD group compared with the CAPD and CONTR groups. The lowest conformity was found in healthy participants who were asked to imagine an acute medical problem. The highest conformity was found in older HD and CAPD patients. CONCLUSIONS Being chronically ill and having adaptable views may be more favorable traits for coping with ESRD in dialyzed patients, especially in elderly HD patients. On the other hand, conformity can be deleterious if CAPD patients decide to overlook certain facts or not confront the medical aspects of their condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology with Dialysis Unit, The Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care & Pain, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Laudanski
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000523:psychology*; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000523:psychology; D012925:Social Conformity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires