title: Structural insights into the binding of lauric acid to CYP107L2 from Streptomyces avermitilis.
abstract: Streptomyces avermitilis is an actinobacterium known to produce clinically useful macrolides including avermectins. CYP107L2 from S. avermitilis shares a high sequence similarity with the PikC (CYP107L1) from S. venezuelae. To elucidate the structural features of CYP107L2, we conducted biochemical and structural characterization of CYP107L2 from S. avermitilis. The CYP107L2 gene was cloned, and its recombinant protein was expressed and purified. The CYP107L2 showed a low-spin state of heme, and the reduced form yielded the CO difference spectra with a maximal absorption at 449 nm. Binding of pikromycin and lauric acid yielded the typical type I spectra with Kdvalues of 4.8 ± 0.3 and 111 ± 9 μM, respectively. However, no metabolic product was observed in the enzyme reaction. X-ray crystal structures of the ligand-free CYP107L2 and its complex with lauric acid were determined at the resolution of 2.6 and 2.5 Å, respectively. CYP107L2 showed a well-conserved CYP structure with a wide-open substrate-binding cavity. The lauric acid is bound mainly via hydrophobic interactions with the carboxylate group of lauric acid coordinated to the heme of P450. Glu-40 and Leu-382 residues in the CYP107L2 complex with lauric acid showed significant conformational changes to provide plentiful room for the lauric acid in the substrate-binding site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025 South Korea.
authors.forename: Songhee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025 South Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Tan-Viet
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025 South Korea.
authors.forename: Joo-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025 South Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Ran
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025 South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoung-Goo
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025 South Korea.
authors.forename: Dabin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chul-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025 South Korea. Electronic address: lkang@konkuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Lin-Woo
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025 South Korea. Electronic address: donghak@konkuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Donghak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007850:Lauric Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D018942:Macrolides / Q000378:metabolism; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007850:Lauric Acids; D018942:Macrolides; C030358:lauric acid; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C003145:picromycin
keywords: CYP; CYP107L2; Lauric acid; P450; Streptomyces avermitilis; X-ray crystal structure