title: High-resolution two-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a ubiquitous branch of spectroscopy that can explore matter at the scale of an atom. Significant improvements in sensitivity and resolution have been driven by a steady increase of static magnetic field strengths. However, some properties of nuclei may be more favourable at low magnetic fields. For example, transverse relaxation due to chemical shift anisotropy increases sharply at higher magnetic fields leading to line-broadening and inefficient coherence transfers. Here, we present a two-field NMR spectrometer that permits the application of rf-pulses and acquisition of NMR signals in two magnetic centres. Our prototype operates at 14.1 T and 0.33 T. The main features of this system are demonstrated by novel NMR experiments, in particular a proof-of-concept correlation between zero-quantum coherences at low magnetic field and single quantum coherences at high magnetic field, so that high resolution can be achieved in both dimensions, despite a ca. 10 ppm inhomogeneity of the low-field centre. Two-field NMR spectroscopy offers the possibility to circumvent the limits of high magnetic fields, while benefiting from their exceptional sensitivity and resolution. This approach opens new avenues for NMR above 1 GHz.
authors.affiliation: Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France. Fabien.Ferrage@ens.fr and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Samuel F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Cousin
authors.affiliation: Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France. Fabien.Ferrage@ens.fr and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Charlier
authors.affiliation: Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France. Fabien.Ferrage@ens.fr and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kadeřávek
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin GmbH, Silberstreifen 4, D 76287 Rheinstetten, Germany.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marquardsen
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin, 34 rue de l'Industrie BP 10002, 67166 Wissembourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Max
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tyburn
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pierre-Alain
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Bovier
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulzega
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Speck
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin GmbH, Silberstreifen 4, D 76287 Rheinstetten, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Engelke
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, USA.
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.affiliation: NIMBE, CEA-CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sakellariou
authors.affiliation: Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France. Fabien.Ferrage@ens.fr and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bodenhausen
authors.affiliation: Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France. Fabien.Ferrage@ens.fr and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pelupessy
authors.affiliation: Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France. Fabien.Ferrage@ens.fr and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4738-1723
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrage