title: Abnormal baseline brain activity in Parkinson's disease with and without REM sleep behavior disorder: A resting-state functional MRI study.
abstract: To investigate the differences in spontaneous brain activity between Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), PD patients without RBD, and normal controls, which may shed new light on the neural mechanism of RBD.
  
  
  
  Eighteen PD patients with RBD, 16 patients without RBD, and 19 age- and gender-matched normal controls underwent clinical assessment and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a 3.0T scanner. Resting-state fMRI scans were collected using an echo planar imaging sequence. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) were calculated to measure spontaneous brain activity in each subject.
  
  
  
  Compared with PD patients without RBD, patients with RBD exhibited significantly decreased ALFF values (P < 0.001, cluster level) in primary motor cortex extending to premotor cortex. Compared with normal controls, PD patients exhibited decreased ALFF values (P < 0.001, cluster level) in caudate and putamen (P < 0.001, cluster level), and increased ALFF values (P = 0.03, cluster level) in prefrontal cortex.
  
  
  
  The altered spontaneous brain activity in motor cortex may contribute to the pathogenesis of RBD in PD patients, which further supports the idea that the pathophysiology of RBD involves not only midbrain dysfunction but also cerebral cortex abnormalities. Our findings provide additional insight into the neural mechanism of RBD and may drive future research to develop better treatment.
  
  
  
  3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:697-703.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Peiyu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhidong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Quanquan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Minming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020187:REM Sleep Behavior Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Parkinson's disease; amplitude of low frequency fluctuations; magnetic resonance imaging; rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder