title: Circadian time signatures of fitness and disease.
abstract: Biological clocks are autonomous anticipatory oscillators that play a critical role in the organization and information processing from genome to whole organisms. Transformative advances into the clock system have opened insight into fundamental mechanisms through which clocks program energy transfer from sunlight into organic matter and potential energy, in addition to cell development and genotoxic stress response. The identification of clocks in nearly every single cell of the body raises questions as to how this gives rise to rhythmic physiology in multicellular organisms and how environmental signals entrain clocks to geophysical time. Here, we consider advances in understanding how regulatory networks emergent in clocks give rise to cell type-specific functions within tissues to affect homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. j-bass@northwestern.edu lazar@mail.med.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bass
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. j-bass@northwestern.edu lazar@mail.med.upenn.edu.|The Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Mitchell A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lazar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057906:Circadian Clocks / Q000235:genetics*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics*; D004194:Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D010809:Physical Fitness; D010944:Plants