title: Description of Gramella forsetii sp. nov., a marine Flavobacteriaceae isolated from North Sea water, and emended description of Gramella gaetbulicola Cho et al. 2011.
abstract: Strain KT0803Twas isolated from coastal eutrophic surface waters of Helgoland Roads near the island of Helgoland, North Sea, Germany. The taxonomic position of the strain, previously known as 'Gramella forsetii' KT0803, was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, chemo-organotrophic, heterotrophic, strictly aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive, rod-shaped, motile by gliding and had orange-yellow carotenoid pigments, but was negative for flexirubin-type pigments. It grew optimally at 22-25 °C, at pH 7.5 and at a salinity between 2-3 %. Strain KT0803Thydrolysed the polysaccharides laminarin, alginate, pachyman and starch. The respiratory quinone was MK-6. Polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, six unidentified lipids and two unidentified aminolipids. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 1ω7c and iso-C17 : 1ω7c, with smaller amounts of iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and C17 : 1ω6c. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 36.6 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence identities were 98.6 % with Gramella echinicola DSM 19838T, 98.3 % with Gramella gaetbulicola DSM 23082T, 98.1 % with Gramella aestuariivivens BG-MY13Tand Gramella aquimixticola HJM-19T, 98.0 % with Gramella lutea YJ019T, 97.9 % with Gramella portivictoriae DSM 23547Tand 96.9 % with Gramella marina KMM 6048T. The DNA-DNA relatedness values were <35 % between strain KT0803Tand type strains with >98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence identity. Based on the chemotaxonomic, phenotypic and genomic characteristics, strain KT0803Thas been assigned to the genus Gramella, as Gramella forsetii sp. nov. The type strain is KT0803T(=DSM 17595T=CGMCC 1.15422T). An emended description of Gramella gaetbulicolaCho et al. 2011 is also proposed.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Panschin
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Mareike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Becher
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verbarg
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Cathrin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spröer
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: Margarete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schüler
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Rudolf I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Amann
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harder
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Tindall
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hahnke
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D041965:Flavobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005858:Germany; D009659:North Sea; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D010858:Pigmentation; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C483858:phosphatidylethanolamine; C042455:menaquinone 6
keywords: Flavobacteriaceae; Helgoland; North Sea; polysaccharides