title: G protein signaling in plants: minus times minus equals plus.
abstract: Heterotrimeric G proteins are key regulators in the transduction of extracellular signals both in animals and plants. In plants, heterotrimeric G protein signaling plays essential roles in development and in response to biotic and abiotic stress. However, over the last decade it has become clear that plants have unique mechanisms of G protein signaling. Although plants share most of the core components of heterotrimeric G proteins, some of them exhibit unusual properties compared to their animal counterparts. In addition, plants do not share functional GPCRs. Therefore the well-established paradigm of the animal G protein signaling cycle is not applicable in plants. In this review, we summarize recent insights into these unique mechanisms of G protein signaling in plants with special focus on the evident potential of G protein signaling as a target to modify developmental and physiological parameters important for yield increase.
authors.affiliation: University of Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Department of Developmental Biology, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Dave
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stateczny
authors.affiliation: University of Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Department of Developmental Biology, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jara
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oppenheimer
authors.affiliation: University of Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Department of Developmental Biology, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: peter.bommert@uni-hamburg.de.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bommert
mesh_terms: D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins