title: Environmental status of groundwater affected by chromite ore processing residue (COPR) dumpsites during pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons.
abstract: Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) is generated by the roasting of chromite ores for the extraction of chromium. Leaching of carcinogenic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from COPR dumpsites and contamination of groundwater is a key environmental risk. The objective of the study was to evaluate Cr(VI) contamination in groundwater in the vicinity of three COPR disposal sites in Uttar Pradesh, India, in the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. Groundwater samples (n = 57 pre-monsoon, n = 70 monsoon) were taken in 2014 and analyzed for Cr(VI) and relevant hydrochemical parameters. The site-specific ranges of Cr(VI) concentrations in groundwater were <0.005 to 34.8 mg L-1(Rania), <0.005 to 115 mg L-1(Chhiwali), and <0.005 to 2.0 mg L-1(Godhrauli). Maximum levels of Cr(VI) were found close to the COPR dumpsites and significantly exceeded safe drinking water limits (0.05 mg L-1). No significant dependence of Cr(VI) concentration on monsoons was observed.
authors.affiliation: Soil Geography/Soil Science, Department of Geosciences, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matern
authors.affiliation: ZEuUS, THM University of Applied Sciences, Wiesenstr. 14, 35390, Gießen, Germany.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weigand
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India.
authors.forename: Abhas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Soil Geography/Soil Science, Department of Geosciences, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany. tim.mansfeldt@uni-koeln.de.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mansfeldt
mesh_terms: D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D007194:India; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion
keywords: Chromite ore processing residue; Chromium; Groundwater, India; Monsoon hydrology; Speciation