title: Social regulation of the lymph node transcriptome in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
abstract: Previous research has shown that adverse social conditions may promote a conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) involving up-regulation of proinflammatory gene expression and down-regulation of Type I interferon anti-viral genes in circulating blood cells. However, the impact of social conditions on lymphoid tissue gene regulation remains largely unexplored. This project assessed how social instability in adult male rhesus macaques (N=10, 5 in unstable, and 5 in stable social conditions) might regulate gene expression within secondary lymphoid tissue (lymph nodes; LN). Unstable social conditions down-regulated axillary LN expression of genes involved in Type I interferon anti-viral responses. Transcript origin analyses implicated monocytes and B cells as cellular mediators of these effects, and promoter-based bioinformatics analyses indicated reduced activity of AP-1, NF-κB, IRF, and CREB transcription factors within the axillary LN microenvironment. Although the current study is limited in sample size, these results suggest that social influences on immune cell gene regulation extend beyond the circulating leukocyte pool to alter generalized transcriptome profiles in secondary lymphoid tissue, and they do so in a regulatory program that resembles the pattern of antiviral inhibition previously observed in circulating leukocytes.
authors.affiliation: Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: kchun@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: California National Primate Research Center, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Capitanio
authors.affiliation: Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lamkin
authors.affiliation: Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; UCLA AIDS Institute, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, USA.
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Sloan
authors.affiliation: Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, USA; UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: J M G
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Arevalo
authors.affiliation: Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA AIDS Institute, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, USA; UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cole
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D012919:Social Behavior; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Health; Inflammation; Rhesus macaque; Social genomics; Social stress