title: Dye degradation by green heterogeneous Fenton catalysts prepared in presence of Camellia sinensis.
abstract: This work describes the synthesis and characterization of supported green iron catalysts, prepared with Camellia sinensis tea extract, and their application in heterogeneous Fenton degradation of pollutant dyes. The influence of the catalyst synthesis conditions in the iron and organic content were investigated by X-ray fluorescence and thermogravimetric analyses. Irregular, chain-like nanoparticles, in the size range of 20-100 nm, capped by polyphenolic natural compounds, were visualized by TEM micrographs. TEM-EDS revealed a high iron content in the nanoparticles as well as a high carbon content all over the catalyst surface, indicating the coverage by the polyphenolic compounds of the tea. X-ray powder diffraction revealed the amorphous nature of the nanoparticles, tentatively ascribed to iron(II)/(III) oxides and oxohydroxides composites. The Fenton degradation of different dyes was successfully accomplished, leading to complete decolourization in less than 3 h of reaction. Influence of hydrogen peroxide concentration, catalyst dosage, pH, temperature and catalyst support, were investigated. The catalysts prepared with black tea over silica furnished the higher iron contents and were the most actives for dye degradation.
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Edifício Haroldo Lisboa da Cunha, IQ, Room 312a, Maracanã, 20550-013, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Samira S F
authors.initials: SSF
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Edifício Haroldo Lisboa da Cunha, IQ, Room 312a, Maracanã, 20550-013, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: nakedia@uerj.br.
authors.forename: Nakédia M F
authors.initials: NMF
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; C045076:Fenton's reagent; D010087:Oxides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron
keywords: Dye removal; Fenton system; Iron nanoparticles; Plant extract