title: Exercise restores muscle stem cell mobilization, regenerative capacity and muscle metabolic alterations via adiponectin/AdipoR1 activation in SAMP10 mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exercise train (ET) stimulates muscle response in pathological conditions, including aging. The molecular mechanisms by which exercise improves impaired adiponectin/adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1)-related muscle actions associated with aging are poorly understood. Here we observed that in a senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 (SAMP10) model, long-term ET modulated muscle-regenerative actions.
  
  
  METHODS
  25-week-old male SAMP10 mice were randomly assigned to the control and the ET (45 min/time, 3/week) groups for 4 months. Mice that were maintained in a sedentary condition served controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ET ameliorated aging-related muscle changes in microstructure, mitochondria, and performance. The amounts of proteins or mRNAs for p-AMPKα, p-Akt, p-ERK1/2, p-mTOR, Bcl-XL, p-FoxO3, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ coactivator, adiponectin receptor1 (adpoR1), and cytochrome c oxidase-IV, and the numbers of CD34+/integrin-α7+muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and proliferating cells in the muscles and bone-marrow were enhanced by ET, whereas the levels of p-GSK-3α and gp91phox proteins and apoptotic cells were reduced by ET. The ET also resulted in increased levels of plasma adiponectin and the numbers of bone-marrow (BM)-derived circulating CD34+/integrin-α7+MuSCs and their functions. Integrin-α7+MuSCs of exercised mice had improved changes of those beneficial molecules. These ET-mediated aged muscle benefits were diminished by adiponectin and AdipoR1 blocking as well as AMPK inhibition. Finally, recombinant mouse adiponectin enhanced AMPK and mTOR phosphorylations in BM-derived integrin-α7+cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that ET can improve aging-related impairments of BM-derived MuSC regenerative capacity and muscle metabolic alterations via an AMPK-dependent mechanism that is mediated by an adiponectin/AdipoR1 axis in SAMP10 mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.|Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.|Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China.|Department of Cardiovascular of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Xian Wu
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Technique, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji, 133000, Jilin PR., China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.|Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China.
authors.forename: Limei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuokaken, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Division for Medical Research Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.
authors.forename: Hongxian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China.
authors.forename: Guangxian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China.
authors.forename: Yanna
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China.
authors.forename: Enbo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuokaken, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.|Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuzuya
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001835:Body Weight; D002465:Cell Movement; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D009132:Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D012038:Regeneration; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D008055:Lipids; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; C475419:adiponectin receptor 1, mouse
keywords: Adiponectin; Aging; Exercise; Muscle stem cell; SAMP10; Sarcopenia