title: Design of a TDOA location engine and development of a location system based on chirp spread spectrum.
abstract: Location based services (LBS) provided by wireless sensor networks have garnered a great deal of attention from researchers and developers in recent years. Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) signaling formatting with time difference of arrival (TDOA) ranging technology is an effective LBS technique in regards to positioning accuracy, cost, and power consumption. The design and implementation of the location engine and location management based on TDOA location algorithms were the focus of this study; as the core of the system, the location engine was designed as a series of location algorithms and smoothing algorithms. To enhance the location accuracy, a Kalman filter algorithm and moving weighted average technique were respectively applied to smooth the TDOA range measurements and location results, which are calculated by the cooperation of a Kalman TDOA algorithm and a Taylor TDOA algorithm. The location management server, the information center of the system, was designed with Data Server and Mclient. To evaluate the performance of the location algorithms and the stability of the system software, we used a Nanotron nanoLOC Development Kit 3.0 to conduct indoor and outdoor location experiments. The results indicated that the location system runs stably with high accuracy at absolute error below 0.6 m.
authors.affiliation: Department of Instrumentation Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, BaiYang Street, Hangzhou, 310018 China.
authors.forename: Rui-Rong
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Instrumentation Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, BaiYang Street, Hangzhou, 310018 China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Detection Technology and Automation Equipment, Hangzhou Dianzi University, BaiYang Street, Hangzhou, 310018 China.
authors.forename: Shu-Wang
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Management and Hospital Management, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Around the City East Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
keywords: Chirp spread spectrum (CSS); Kalman; Taylor; Time difference of arrival (TDOA); Wireless sensor networks (WSN)