title: A symmetric supercapacitor/biofuel cell hybrid device based on enzyme-modified nanoporous gold: An autonomous pulse generator.
abstract: The integration of supercapacitors with enzymatic biofuel cells (BFCs) can be used to prepare hybrid devices in order to harvest significantly higher power output. In this study, a supercapacitor/biofuel cell hybrid device was prepared by the immobilisation of redox enzymes with electrodeposited poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and the redox polymer [Os(2,2'-bipyridine)2(polyvinylimidazole)10Cl]+/2+(Os(bpy)2PVI) on dealloyed nanoporous gold. The thickness of the deposition layer can be easily controlled by tuning the deposition conditions. Once charged by the internal BFC, the device can be discharged as a supercapacitor at a current density of 2mAcm-2providing a maximum power density of 608.8μWcm-2, an increase of a factor of 468 when compared to the power output from the BFC itself. The hybrid device exhibited good operational stability for 50 charge/discharge cycles and ca. 7h at a discharge current density of 0.2mAcm-2. The device could be used as a pulse generator, mimicking a cardiac pacemaker delivering pulses of 10μA for 0.5ms at a frequency of 0.2Hz.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Peter Ó
authors.initials: PÓ
authors.lastname: Conghaile
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Dónal
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leech
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. Electronic address: edmond.magner@ul.ie.
authors.forename: Edmond
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Magner
mesh_terms: D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D011108:Polymers; C121383:poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene); D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Biofuel cell; Hybrid device; Nanoporous gold; Osmium redox polymer; Pulse generator; Supercapacitor