title: Classification of Chronic Rhinosinusitis-Working Toward Personalized Diagnosis.
abstract: An estimated 4.5% of total US health care dollars have been devoted to mitigating chronic rhinosinusitis. The most recalcitrant of these patients undergo surgery, which fails to improve symptoms in approximately 25% of patients. Recent advances in informational, microbiomic, and genomic analysis have introduced the first set of tools that patients, physicians, politicians, and payers can apply to better forecast which patients will respond favorably to endoscopic sinus surgery. This article summarizes the forces driving the application of personalized medicine to CRS and how new advances can be applied to clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 200 W. Arbor, #8895, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: DeConde
authors.affiliation: Division of Rhinology and Sinus/Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Sinus Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 South West Sam Jackson Park Road, PV-01, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Electronic address: smithtim@ohsu.edu.
authors.forename: Timothy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D017281:Cost of Illness; D006801:Humans; D064307:Microbiota; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Chronic rhinosinusitis; Cluster analysis; Endotype; Epidemiology; Microbiome; Personalized medicine; Phenotype; Precision medicine