title: Marine sponge alkaloids as a source of anti-bacterial adjuvants.
abstract: Novel approaches that do not rely upon developing microbicidal compounds are sorely needed to combat multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The potential of marine secondary metabolites to serve as a source of non-traditional anti-bacterial agents is demonstrated by showing that pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids inhibit biofilm formation and suppress antibiotic resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8024, United States.
authors.forename: Roberta J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Melander
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Hong-Bing
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8024, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Carole A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bewley
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8024, United States. Electronic address: ccmeland@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Melander
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects*; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011161:Porifera; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D011758:Pyrroles; C029899:imidazole
keywords: Adjuvant; Antibiotic; Biofilm; Marine sponge; Pyrrole-imidazole alkaloid