title: Carbonated soft drinks alter hepatic cytochrome P450 isoform expression in Wistar rats.
abstract: The aim of the current study was to examine the effects of chronic consumption of soft drinks (SDs) on hepatic oxidative stress and cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) expression in the livers of Wistar rats. For 3 consecutive months, the rats had free access to three different soft drinks, Coca-Cola, Pepsi-Cola and 7-UP. The rats were subsequently compared with control group rats that had consumed water. Blood and hepatic tissue samples were assayed for the changes in antioxidants, liver function biomarkers and hepatic gene expression for different isoforms of hepatic CYP. The results indicated that SD consumption (SDC) decreased serum antioxidant levels and increased malondialdehyde secretion, and increased liver biomarkers (glutamate pyruvate transaminase and glutamate oxaloacetate). SD induced alterations in mRNA expression of hepatic antioxidants and cytochrome isoforms. The expression of peroxidase, catalase, CYP1A2, CYP3A2 and CYP2C11 in the liver were upregulated following SDC. By contrast, CYP2B1 was downregulated after 3 months of SDC in liver tissue samples. Thus, the present findings indicate that SDs induced oxidative stress in the liver of Wistar rats and for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, indicate that SDC disrupts hepatic CYP enzymes that may affect drug metabolism. Therefore, drug-dosing programs should be carefully designed to take these novel findings into consideration for the treatment of diseases.
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Ta'if University, Turabah, Mecca 21411, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alkhedaide
authors.affiliation: Medical Laboratory Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Ta'if University, Turabah, Mecca 21411, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Qalyubia 13736, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed Mohamed
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ta'if University, Ta'if, Mecca 21944, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Zein Shaban
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
keywords: hepatic cytochromes; oxidative stress; soft drinks