title: Positive Peer-Pressured Productivity (P-QUAD): Novel Use of Increased Transparency and a Weighted Lottery to Increase a Division's Academic Output.
abstract: Evaluate a dual incentive model combining positive peer pressure through increased transparency of peers' academic work with a weighted lottery where entries are earned based on degree of productivity.
  
  
  
  We developed a dual-incentive peer mentoring model, Positive Peer-Pressured Productivity (P-QUAD), for faculty in the Pediatric Hospital Medicine Division at the University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital. This model provided relative value-based incentives, with points assigned to different scholarly activities (eg. 1 point for abstract submission, 2 points for poster presentation, 3 points for oral presentation, etc.). These points translated into to lottery tickets for a semi-annual drawing for monetary prizes. Productivity was compared among faculty for P-QUAD year to the preintervention year.
  
  
  
  Fifteen (83%) of 18 eligible faculty members participated. Overall annual productivity per faculty member as measured by total P-QUAD score increased from a median of 3 (interquartile range [IQR] 0-14) in the preintervention year to 4 (IQR 0-27) in the P-QUAD year (P = .051). Submissions and acceptances increased in all categories except posters which were unchanged. Annual abstract submissions per faculty member significantly increased from a median of 1 (IQR 0-2) to 2 (IQR 0-2; P = .047). Seventy-three percent (8 of 11) of post-survey respondents indicated that the financial incentive motivated them to submit academic work; 100% indicated that increased awareness of their peers' work was a motivator.
  
  
  
  The combination of increased awareness of peers' academic productivity and a weighted lottery financial incentive appears to be a useful model for stimulating academic productivity in early-career faculty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine & Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn. Electronic address: mbpitt@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Pitt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine & Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn.
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Furnival
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Office of Faculty Affairs, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minn.
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Weber-Main
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota School of Medicine & Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn.
authors.forename: Nancy C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Raymond
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine & Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn.
authors.forename: Abraham K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Jacob
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research; D004526:Efficiency; D005180:Faculty, Medical; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D000071252:Mentoring; D009042:Motivation; D010372:Pediatrics; D010379:Peer Group; D000067074:Peer Influence; D010865:Pilot Projects
keywords: financial incentive; peer mentoring; productivity