title: Effect of Bioactive Primers on Bacterial-Induced Secondary Caries at the Tooth-Resin Interface.
abstract: Secondary caries at the tooth-resin interface is the primary reason for replacement of resin composite restorations. The tooth-resin interface is formed by the interlocking of resin material with hydroxyapatite crystals in enamel and collagen mesh structure in dentin. Efforts to strengthen the tooth-resin interface have identified chemical agents with dentin collagen cross-linking potential and antimicrobial activities. The purpose of the present study was to assess protective effects of bioactive primer against secondary caries development around enamel and dentin margins of class V restorations, using an in vitro bacterial caries model. Class V composite restorations were prepared on 60 bovine teeth (n=15) with pretreatment of the cavity walls with control buffer solution, an enriched fraction of grape seed extract (e-GSE), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide, or chlorhexidine digluconate. After incubating specimens in a bacterial model with Streptococcus mutans for four days, dentin and enamel were assessed by fluorescence microscopy. Results revealed that only the naturally occurring product, e-GSE, significantly inhibited the development of secondary caries immediately adjacent to the dentin-resin interface, as indicated by the caries inhibition zone. No inhibitory effects were observed in enamel margins. The results suggest that the incorporation of e-GSE into components of the adhesive system may inhibit secondary caries and potentially contribute to the protection of highly vulnerable dentin-resin margins.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Leme-Kraus
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Phansalkar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viana
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: S-N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Pauli
authors.forename: Akb
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bedran-Russo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002234:Carbodiimides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D013295:Streptococcus mutans; D013388:Succinimides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C518491:1-ethyl-3-(3-(diethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide; D002234:Carbodiimides; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D013388:Succinimides; C001426:N-hydroxysuccinimide