title: Secondary submucosal vocal cyst following pulsed dye laser application for sulcus vocalis.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Submucosal vocal cyst can occur as a distinct long-term sequelae following pulsed dye laser (PDL) application for sulcus vocalis. It is recommended that the cyst lesion should be surgically removed for treatment. Optimal and precise irradiation of PDL is considered important to avoid the development of a such complication.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  After several years of clinical practice and an extended period of follow-up of the patients who received PDL application in treating sulcus vocalis, the authors have encountered several cases of secondary submucosal vocal cyst development. Therefore, this study aims to investigate this late complication following PDL laryngeal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who developed secondary submucosal vocal cyst after last PDL laryngeal surgery between March 2008 and January 2016 were analyzed after retrospectively reviewing clinical and operative data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were a total 11 patients who had been identified as presenting secondary submucosal vocal cyst among 186 patients who underwent PDL laryngeal surgery (5.9% incidence). All five patients who received surgery showed complete resolution and were free of symptoms. The remaining six patients were closely observed with conservative measures, with only one patient who showed resolution of the cyst.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joo Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Shik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Kwon
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Byeon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003560:Cysts / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D054025:Lasers, Dye / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Sulcus vocalis; laryngomicrosurgery; pulsed dye laser; secondary vocal cyst