title: Histamine H4 receptor gene polymorphisms: a potential predictor of oral H1 antihistamine efficacy for allergic rhinitis.
abstract: Our study aimed to investigate the associations between Histamine H4 receptor (HRH4) gene polymorphisms (rs77485247, rs74604924, and rs77041280) and oral H1 antihistamine efficacy for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) patients.
  
  
  
  A total of 142 AR patients were selected as a case group and 160 healthy individuals were recruited as a control group. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HRH4 gene were detected using direct sequencing. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical efficacy was evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS). The occurrence of adverse reaction was recorded.
  
  
  
  There were significant differences in the distribution frequencies of mutant genotype (TA + AA) and A allele of rs77485247, mutant genotype (AT + TT) and T allele of rs74604924, and mutant genotype (AT + TT) and T allele of rs77041280 between the case and control groups. AR patients with mutant genotype (TA + AA) of rs77485247 and AR patients with mutant genotype (AT + TT) of rs77041280 had higher specific IgE, ECP levels, and VAS scores after treatment and lower incidence of adverse reactions and total effective rate than those with TT genotype and those with AA genotype, respectively. However, for rs74604924, there were no differences was found between AR patients with mutant genotype (AT + TT) and those with AA genotype.
  
  
  
  Our findings provide evidence that HRH4 rs77485247 and rs77041280 polymorphisms may be associated with the risk of AR and the efficacy of H1 antihistamines for the treatment of AR patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xi-Zhi
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hua-Fei
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Ao
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: You
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D047150:Eosinophil Cationic Protein / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D000074040:Receptors, Histamine H4 / Q000235:genetics*; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D000074040:Receptors, Histamine H4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D047150:Eosinophil Cationic Protein; C479220:RNASE3 protein, human
keywords: H1 antihistamines; allergic rhinitis; desloratadine; efficacy; histamine H4 receptor; single nucleotide polymorphism