title: Genetic modification technology for nutrition and improving diets: an ethical perspective.
abstract: Genetically modified (GM) techniques to improve the nutrition and health content of foods is a highly debated area riddled with ethical dilemmas. Assessing GM technology with a public health ethical framework, this paper identifies public health goals, the potential burdens of the technology, and areas to consider for minimizing burdens and ensuring beneficence, autonomy, and little infringements on justice. Both policymakers and food producers should acknowledge local food environments and the agricultural context of each community in order to effectively prepare communication strategies and equitably distribute any proposed GM food intervention.
authors.affiliation: Berman Institute of Bioethics, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.affiliation: Berman Institute of Bioethics, Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, 1809 Ashland Avenue, Deering Hall, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: jfanzo1@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fanzo
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000941:ethics; D004032:Diet / Q000941:ethics*; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000941:ethics* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000235:genetics*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011634:Public Health