title: A new route of bioaugmentation by allochthonous and autochthonous through biofilm bacteria for soluble chemical oxygen demand removal of old leachate.
abstract: Landfill leachate contains environmental pollutants that are generally resistant to biodegradation. In this study, indigenous and exogenous bacteria in leachate were acclimated in both biofilm and suspension forms to increase the removal of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD). The bacteria from the leachate and sewage were acclimated to gradually increasing leachate concentration prepared using a reverse osmosis membrane over 28 days. The SCOD removal was measured aerobically or nominally anaerobically. Biofilms were prepared using different carrier media (glass, rubber, and plastic). The maximum SCOD removal in suspensions was 32% (anaerobic) and in biofilms was 39% (aerobic). In the suspension form, SCOD removal using acclimated bacteria from leachate and sewage anaerobically increased in comparison with the control (P < .05). In the biofilm form, the aerobic condition and the use of acclimated bacteria from leachate and sewage increased the removal efficiency of SCOD in comparison with other biofilm groups (P < .05). Three species of bacteria, including Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified in the biofilm from leachate and sewage. Bioaugmentation technology using biofilms and acclimations can be an effective, inexpensive, and simple way to decrease SCOD in old landfill leachate.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences , Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology , Khorramshahr , Iran.
authors.forename: Rashid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alijani Ardeshir
authors.affiliation: a Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences , Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology , Khorramshahr , Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rastgar
authors.affiliation: b Nano-Environmental Research Group , Nanotechnology Research Institute, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology , Babol , Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peyravi
authors.affiliation: b Nano-Environmental Research Group , Nanotechnology Research Institute, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology , Babol , Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jahanshahi
authors.affiliation: c Department of Chemical Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch , Islamic Azad University , Qaemshahr , Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-0339
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shokuhi Rad
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018441:Biofilms; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D019149:Bioreactors; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Bioaugmentation; acclimation; biofilms; leachate; soluble chemical oxygen demand