title: Complete genome ofVibrio parahaemolyticusFORC014 isolated from the toothfish.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Foodborne illness can occur due to various pathogenic bacteria such asStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliandVibrio parahaemolyticus, and can cause severe gastroenteritis symptoms. In this study, we completed the genome sequence of a foodborne pathogenV. parahaemolyticusFORC_014, which was isolated from suspected contaminated toothfish from South Korea. Additionally, we extended our knowledge of genomic characteristics of the FORC_014 strain through comparative analysis using the complete sequences of otherV. parahaemolyticusstrains whose complete genomes have previously been reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complete genome sequence ofV. parahaemolyticusFORC_014 was generated using the PacBio RS platform with single molecule, real-time (SMRT) sequencing. The FORC_014 strain consists of two circular chromosomes (3,241,330 bp for chromosome 1 and 1,997,247 bp for chromosome 2), one plasmid (51,383 bp), and one putative phage sequence (96,896 bp). The genome contains a total of 4274 putative protein coding sequences, 126 tRNA genes and 34 rRNA genes. Furthermore, we found 33 type III secretion system 1 (T3SS1) related proteins and 15 type III secretion system 2 (T3SS2) related proteins on chromosome 1. This is the first reported result of Type III secretion system 2 located on chromosome 1 ofV. parahaemolyticuswithout thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Through investigation of the complete genome sequence ofV. parahaemolyticusFORC_014, which differs from previously reported strains, we revealed two type III secretion systems (T3SS1, T3SS2) located on chromosome 1 which do not includetdhandtrhgenes. We also identified several virulence factors carried by our strain, including iron uptake system, hemolysin and secretion system. This result suggests that the FORC_014 strain may be one pathogen responsible for foodborne illness outbreak. Our results provide significant genomic clues which will assist in future understanding of virulence at the genomic level and help distinguish between clinical and non-clinical isolates.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Kwan-ak St. 599, Kwan-ak Gu, Seoul, 151-741 Republic of Korea.|Food-borne Pathogen Omics Research Center (FORC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sojin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Food-borne Pathogen Omics Research Center (FORC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Microbiomics and Immunity Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahackro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sooyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Kwan-ak St. 599, Kwan-ak Gu, Seoul, 151-741 Republic of Korea.|C&K genomics, Seoul National University Research Park, Seoul, 151-919 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwondo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Food-borne Pathogen Omics Research Center (FORC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Suyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Food-borne Pathogen Omics Research Center (FORC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kelsey
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Caetano-Anolles
authors.affiliation: Food-borne Pathogen Omics Research Center (FORC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdae-ro, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Food-borne Pathogen Omics Research Center (FORC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sangryeol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Food-borne Pathogen Omics Research Center (FORC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Kwan-ak St. 599, Kwan-ak Gu, Seoul, 151-741 Republic of Korea.|Food-borne Pathogen Omics Research Center (FORC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|C&K genomics, Seoul National University Research Park, Seoul, 151-919 Republic of Korea.|Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heebal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Comparative genomics; Type III secretion system-2; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Whole genome sequencing