title: Genetic and Immune Dysregulation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.
abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent condition that is heterogeneous in disease characteristics and multifactorial in cause. Although sinonasal mucosal inflammation in CRS is often either reversible or well-managed medically and surgically, a significant proportion of patients has a refractory form of CRS despite maximal therapy. Two of the several described factors thought to contribute to disease recalcitrance are genetic influences and dysfunction of the host immune system. Current evidence for a genetic basis of CRS is reviewed, as it pertains to putative abnormalities in innate and adaptive immune function. The role of systemic immunodeficiencies in refractory CRS is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Ashleigh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Halderman
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 6th Floor, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287-0910, USA. Electronic address: alane3@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Lane
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Chronic rhinosinusitis; Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; Chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps; Genetics; Immune dysregulation; Primary immunodeficiency; Single-nucleotide polymorphisms