title: Walking and type 2 diabetes risk using CANRISK scores among older adults.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the association between pedometer-assessed steps and type 2 diabetes risk using the Public Health Agency of Canada-developed 16-item Canadian Diabetes Risk Questionnaire (CANRISK) among a large population-based sample of older adults across Alberta, Canada. To achieve our study objective, adults without type 2 diabetes (N = 689) aged 55 years and older provided demographic data and CANRISK scores through computer-assisted telephone interviews between September and November 2012. Respondents also wore a step pedometer over 3 consecutive days to estimate average daily steps. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between achieving 7500 steps/day and risk of diabetes (low vs. moderate and high). Overall, 41% were male, average age was 63.4 (SD 5.5) years, body mass index was 26.7 (SD 5.0) kg/m2, and participants averaged 5671 (SD 3529) steps/day. All respondents indicated they were capable of walking for at least 10 min unassisted. CANRISK scores ranged from 13-60, with 18% in the low-risk category (<21). After adjustment, those not achieving 7500 steps/day (n = 507) were more than twice as likely to belong to the higher risk categories for type 2 diabetes compared with those walking ≥7500 steps/day (n = 182) (73.6% vs. 26.4%; odds ratio: 2.37; 95% confidence interval: 1.58 - 3.57). Among older adults without diabetes, daily steps were strongly and inversely associated with diabetes risk using the CANRISK score. Walking remains an important modifiable risk factor target for type 2 diabetes and achieving at least 7500 steps/day may be a reasonable target for older adults.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada.
authors.forename: Steven T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: b School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada.
authors.forename: Dean T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Eurich
authors.affiliation: b School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada.
authors.forename: Ellina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lytvyak
authors.affiliation: b School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mladenovic
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada.
authors.forename: Lorian M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: b School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeff K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Vallance
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D000416:Alberta / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006293:Health Promotion; D006306:Health Surveys; D000070497:Healthy Lifestyle; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000145:classification; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D055105:Waist Circumference; D016138:Walking
keywords: diabetes; diabète; dépistage; marcher; neighbourhood walkability; potentiel piétonnier du quartier; screening; walking