title: Reprint of "Neurocysticercosis-related mortality in Brazil, 2000-2011: Epidemiology of a neglected neurologic cause of death".
abstract: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is an important cause of severe neurological disease mainly in low- and middle-income countries, but data on NCC mortality from endemic areas are scarce. Here we analysed the epidemiological patterns of NCC-related mortality in Brazil. We included all deaths recorded in Brazil between 2000 and 2011, in which NCC was mentioned on death certificates, either as underlying or as associated cause of death. NCC was identified in 1829/12,491,280 deaths (0.015%), 1130 (61.8%) as underlying cause, and 699 (38.2%) as associated cause. Overall age-adjusted mortality rate for the period was 0.97 deaths/1,000,000 inhabitants (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.83-1.12). The highest NCC-related mortality rates were found in males, elderly, white race/colour and residents in endemic states/regions. Age-adjusted mortality rates at national level decreased significantly over time (annual percent change [APC]: -4.7; 95% CI: -6.0 to -3.3), with a decrease in the Southeast, South and Central-West regions, and a non-significant increasing trend in the North and Northeast regions. We identified spatial and spatiotemporal high-risk mortality clusters located mainly in NCC-endemic areas. Conditions related to the nervous system were the most commonly associated causes of death when NCC was mentioned as an underlying cause, and HIV/AIDS was the main underlying cause when NCC was an associated cause. NCC is a neglected and preventable cause of severe neurologic disease and death with high public health impact in Brazil. There is a clear need to strengthen nationwide epidemiological surveillance and control for the taeniasis/cysticercosis complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Rua Engenheiro João Alfredo, s/n, Pabussu, 61600-000 Caucaia, CE, Brazil. Electronic address: rogerlandio@bol.com.br.
authors.forename: Francisco Rogerlândio
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Martins-Melo
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alberto Novaes
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Service, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Cidade Universitária, 21941-913 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marta Guimarães
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Henrique
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Alencar
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Anton Breinl Centre for Public Health and College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia. Electronic address: heukelbach@web.de.
authors.forename: Jorg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heukelbach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000191:economics; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002423:Cause of Death; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000469:parasitology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058069:Neglected Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control; D020019:Neurocysticercosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013552:Swine / Q000469:parasitology; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000469:parasitology; D041201:Taenia solium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity
keywords: Brazil; Epidemiology; Mortality; Neurocysticercosis; Spatial analysis; T. solium; Time trend analysis