title: Subthalamic oscillations and phase amplitude coupling are greater in the more affected hemisphere in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine the incidence of resting state oscillations in alpha/beta, high frequency (HFO) bands, and their phase amplitude coupling (PAC) in a large cohort in Parkinson's disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Intra-operative local field potentials (LFPs) from subthalamic nucleus (STN) were recorded from 100 PD subjects, data from 74 subjects were included in the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alpha/beta oscillations were evident in >99%, HFO in 87% and PAC in 98% of cases. Alpha/beta oscillations (P<0.01) and PAC were stronger in the more affected (MA) hemisphere (P=0.03). Alpha/beta oscillations were primarily found in 13-20Hz (low beta). Beta and HFO frequencies with the greatest coupling, were positively correlated (P=0.001). Tremor attenuated alpha (P=0.002) and beta band oscillations (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  STN alpha/beta band oscillations and PAC were evident in ⩾98% cases and were greater in MA hemisphere. Resting tremor attenuated underlying alpha/beta band oscillations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Beta band LFP power may be used to drive adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS), augmented by a kinematic classifier in tremor dominant PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Shreve
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Anca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Velisar
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mahsa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malekmohammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mandy Miller
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Koop
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trager
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Emma J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Zack
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Blumenfeld
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kilbane
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mantovani
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jaimie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: hbs@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brontë-Stewart
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000513:Alpha Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D001611:Beta Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Beta oscillations; Deep brain stimulation; Parkinson’s disease; Phase amplitude coupling; Phenotypes; Tremor