title: Association Between Depression and Condom Use Differs by Sexual Behavior Group in Patients with HIV.
abstract: Identifying a relationship between depression and sexual risk behavior in HIV-infected patients could establish a mechanism to enhance prevention efforts. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the University of Pennsylvania Center for AIDS Research and used ordinal logistic regression to measure the association between depression and non-condom use. 716 men who have sex with men (MSM), 262 heterosexual men and 277 heterosexual women were included. The association between depression and non-condom use was strongest in heterosexual men with and without HIV-infected regular partners (OR 8.53, 95% CI 1.18-61.89 and OR 2.30, 95% CI 0.99-5.36 respectively), but absent in heterosexual women regardless of partner. Although the OR was low in MSM overall, an association was detected in MSM without HIV-infected regular partners (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.39-4.31). In conclusion, we demonstrated an association between depression and non-condom use driven by heterosexual men and MSM without HIV-infected regular partners. Sexual risk should be addressed when intervening on depressive symptoms in these subgroups.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave Medical Room S380, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. cristina.brickman@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brickman
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Propert
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Chelsea
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Voytek
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D020010:Heterosexuality / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012309:Risk-Taking; D021841:Safe Sex / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Condom use; Depression; Heterosexual men; Human immunodeficiency virus; Men who have sex with men; Sexual risk; Women