title: Imaging of late complications of cancer therapy in children.
abstract: Long-term survival after childhood cancer has improved dramatically over recent decades but survivors face lifelong risks of adverse health effects. Many of these chronic conditions are a direct result of previous therapeutic exposures. Compared to their siblings, survivors face a greater than 8-fold increase in relative risk of severe or life-threatening medical conditions; the most significant of these include second malignancies and cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Imaging can play a key role in identifying and characterizing such complications, which can be reasonably predicted with knowledge of the child's treatment. This article highlights the varied radiologic presentations and features seen in late cancer-therapy-related conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, 555 University Ave., Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
authors.forename: Susan C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Shelmerdine
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, 555 University Ave., Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada. drgovindchavhan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Govind B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Chavhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Babyn
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Nathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.|Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee School of Health Sciences, Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Sue C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kaste
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006801:Humans; D009017:Morbidity; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D017741:Survivors
keywords: Cancer therapy; Children; Computed tomography; Late effects; Magnetic resonance imaging; Radiography; Toxicities