title: Calreticulin Promotes Proliferation and Migration But Inhibits Apoptosis in Schwann Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND Previous studies indicated that calreticulin (CRT) regulated various biological processes. This study was aimed to investigate the function of CRT in Schwann cells (SCs). MATERIAL AND METHODS SCs were separated from sciatic nerves of mice and were transfected with pcDNA3.1-CRT (pc-CRT), small interfering RNA targets CRT (siCRT), or their corresponding negative controls. The expression of CRT was determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Then, cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4, 5-dimethylhiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, modified 2-chamber migration assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Finally, the phosphorylation levels of key kinases in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (ERK/S6) pathways were detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Overexpression of CRT remarkably increased viability (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001) and migration (P<0.001), but inhibited apoptosis (P<0.05). The CRT-knockdown showed the inverse impacts on viability (P<0.05 or P<0.001), migration (P<0.001), and apoptosis (P<0.001). Additionally, the phosphorylation levels of AKT (Thr308 and Ser473), ERK, and S6 were all up-regulated in CRT-overexpressed cells (P<0.001), and were down-regulated in CRT-knockdown cells (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of CRT in SCs promoted cell proliferation and migration but suppressed cell apoptosis. The PI3K/AKT and ERK/S6 pathways might be involved in the functional effects of CRT on SCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Gui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Zhulei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Shaofeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shui
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xinwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Tengfei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D037282:Calreticulin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D051379:Mice; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000166:cytology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D037282:Calreticulin; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt