title: Gendered medicinal plant knowledge contributions to adaptive capacity and health sovereignty in Amazonia.
abstract: Local medical systems are key elements of social-ecological systems as they provide culturally appropriate and locally accessible health care options, especially for populations with scarce access to biomedicine. The adaptive capacity of local medical systems generally rests on two pillars: species diversity and a robust local knowledge system, both threatened by local and global environmental change. We first present a conceptual framework to guide the assessment of knowledge diversity and redundancy in local medicinal knowledge systems through a gender lens. Then, we apply this conceptual framework to our research on the local medicinal plant knowledge of the Tsimane' Amerindians. Our results suggest that Tsimane' medicinal plant knowledge is gendered and that the frequency of reported ailments and the redundancy of knowledge used to treat them are positively associated. We discuss the implications of knowledge diversity and redundancy for local knowledge systems' adaptive capacity, resilience, and health sovereignty.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. isabel.diaz@uab.cat.|Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. isabel.diaz@uab.cat.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Díaz-Reviriego
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Metapopulation Research Centre (MRC), Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Álvaro
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Fernández-Llamazares
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive (CEFE), CNRS UMR 5175, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salpeteur
authors.affiliation: Department Social Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.|Center for Biocultural Diversity Studies, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reyes-García
mesh_terms: D001838:Bolivia; D017753:Ecosystem; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D019359:Knowledge; D008297:Male; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Gendered knowledge; Knowledge diversity; Knowledge redundancy; Local knowledge systems; Local medical systems; Tsimane’