title: Perspectives and challenges of antioxidant therapy for atrial fibrillation.
abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AF are poorly understood, although electrophysiological remodeling has been described as an important initiating step. There is growing evidence that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of AF. Many known triggers of oxidative stress, such as age, diabetes, smoking, and inflammation, are linked with an increased risk of arrhythmia. Numerous preclinical studies and clinical trials reported the importance of antioxidant therapy in the prevention of AF, using vitamins C and E, polyunsaturated fatty acids, statins, or nitric oxide donors. The aim of our work is to give a current overview and analysis of opportunities, challenges, and benefits of antioxidant therapy in AF.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Genetics and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovak Republic, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Iveta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gasparova
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kubatka
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Radka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Opatrilova
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caprnda
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Slavomira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filipova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Central University of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.affiliation: Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
authors.forename: Leone
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malan
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Ioana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mozos
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rabajdova
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nosal
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.
authors.forename: Nazarii
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobyliak
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Vanda
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Valentova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljublana, Ljublana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petrovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamek
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic. kruzliakpeter@gmail.com.|2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. kruzliakpeter@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kruzliak
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D064752:Atrial Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000975:Antioxidants
keywords: Antioxidants; Atrial fibrillation; Atrial remodeling; Gene therapy; Oxidative stress; Prevention