title: Antitumoral Effects of D-Fraction from Grifola Frondosa (Maitake) Mushroom in Breast Cancer.
abstract: D-Fraction is protein-bound β-1,6 and β-1,3 glucans (proteoglucan) extracted from the edible and medicinal mushroom Grifola frondosa (Maitake). The antitumoral effect of D-Fraction has long been exclusively attributed to their immunostimulatory capacity. However, in recent years increasing evidence showed that D-Fraction directly affects the viability of canine and human tumor cells, independent of the immune system. Previously, we have reported that D-Fraction modulates the expression of genes associated with cell proliferation, cell death, migration, invasion, and metastasis in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to investigate if this modulation of gene expression by Maitake D-Fraction really modulates tumor progression. In the present work, we demonstrate for the first time that Maitake D-Fraction is able to act directly on mammary tumor cells, modulating different cellular processes involved in the development and progression of cancer. We demonstrate that D-Fraction decreases cell viability, increases cell adhesion, and reduces the migration and invasion of mammary tumor cells, generating a less aggressive cell behavior. In concordance with these results, we also demonstrate that D-Fraction decreases tumor burden and the number of lung metastases in a murine model of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: Eliana Noelia
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: María Julia
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ferronato
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: Norberto Ariel
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Gandini
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: María Eugenia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fermento
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: Diego Javier
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Obiol
authors.affiliation: b Departamento de Hematología , IACA Laboratorios , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López Romero
authors.affiliation: c Servicio de Patología del Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Dr. José Penna , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arévalo
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: María Emilia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Villegas
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: María Marta
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Facchinetti
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina.
authors.forename: Alejandro Carlos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Curino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D048691:Grifola / Q000737:chemistry*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000556:secondary; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015820:Cadherins; C000611838:Cdh1 protein, mouse; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2