title: Risk factors for fatal and non-fatal child maltreatment in families previously investigated by CPS: A case-control study.
abstract: The objective of this study was to identify individual, family and caregiver risk factors for serious child maltreatment, resulting in hospitalization or death, among children and families investigated by Child Protective Services (CPS). We conducted a matched case-control study of 234 children who sustained fatal or serious nonfatal maltreatment due to physical abuse or neglect and whose mother was named in a CPS investigation between 1999 and 2013. A total of 702 children and their caregivers were included in the study with 234 cases matched 2:1,resulting in 468 controls. Data on potential risk factors were abstracted from three county administrative databases. Differences between cases and controls were calculated and multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate risk models. Variables associated with increased risk for serious maltreatment included male child gender,younger caregivers, three or more children under the age of 5 living in the home, families in which a biologic child was not living with either parent, and scoring moderate or high on the Structured Decision Making Risk Tool®. Caregiver involvement in intimate partner violence (IPV) and child enrollment in public health insurance appears to mitigate the risk of serious maltreatment.
authors.affiliation: Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. Electronic address: smiyamoto@psu.edu.
authors.forename: Sheridan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, UC Davis, CA, USA. Electronic address: psromano@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Patrick S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.affiliation: Children's Data Network, USC School of Social Work, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California Child Welfare Indicators Project, UC Berkeley, School of Social Welfare, Berkeley, CA, USA. Electronic address: ehornste@usc.edu.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Putnam-Hornstein
authors.affiliation: Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; Department of Health and Human Services, Sacramento County, CA, USA. Electronic address: hsthurston@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thurston
authors.affiliation: Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, UC Davis, CA, USA; Center for Health and Technology, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. Electronic address: mdharmar@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Madan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dharmar
authors.affiliation: Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. Electronic address: jgjoseph@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Jill G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Joseph
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002140:California; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse; D000068216:Child Protective Services; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003643:Death; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Administrative data; Child maltreatment; Child protective services (CPS); Fatal; Neglect; Physical abuse