title: Prolonged shedding of Chikungunya virus in semen and urine: A new perspective for diagnosis and implications for transmission.
abstract: We report the presence of Chikungunya (CHIKV) RNA in the blood, urine and semen during the acute phase of the disease in an adult with a dual infection with Dengue virus type 3. The patient, a 25 yr-old man from Salvador, Brazil, reported a 6-day duration of high fever, arthralgia, myalgia, headache and photophobia.Blood and semen specimens were positive for CHIKV in the first collected samples; semen and urine specimens were positive for CHIKV after 30 days of symptoms onset. DENV-3 RNA was positive in blood specimen when first collected 6 days after the initiation of symptoms.We describe for the first time the presence of CHIKV RNA in urine and semen for an extended period of time and we address the possible implications of these findings for diagnosis and transmission dynamics.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciencias Medical School, Av. Luís Viana, 8812, RECOLZIKA, Salvador, Bahia, zip: 41741-590, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Carlos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bandeira
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Bahia, Virology Laboratory, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gubio Soares
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Infection Control Committee, Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Salvador, Brazil.
authors.forename: Veronica França Diniz
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Solano de Freitas
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milena Botelho Pereira
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Bahia, Biotechnology Campus, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexsandro Araujo
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Bahia, Pharmacy College, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yara Carvalho de
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Bahia, Pharmacy College, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela Sant Ana
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Bahia, Virology Laboratory, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia Ines
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Sardi
keywords: Chikungunya virus; Dengue virus; Dual infection; STD; Semen