title: Whole-body MRI including diffusion-weighted MRI compared with 5-HTP PET/CT in the detection of neuroendocrine tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We wanted to explore if whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted (DW) and liver-specific contrast agent-enhanced imaging could be valuable in lesion detection of neuroendocrine tumors (NET). [11C]-5-Hydroxytryptophan positron emission tomography/computed tomography (5-HTP PET/CT) was used for comparison.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one patients with NET were investigated with whole-body MRI, including DW imaging (DWI) and contrast-enhanced imaging of the liver, and whole-body 5-HTP PET/CT. Seven additional patients underwent upper abdomen MRI including DWI, liver-specific contrast agent-enhanced imaging, and 5-HTP PET/CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a patient-based concordance of 61% and a lesion-based concordance of 53% between the modalities. MRI showed good concordance with PET in detecting bone metastases but was less sensitive in detecting metastases in mediastinal lymph nodes. MRI detected more liver metastases than 5-HTP PET/CT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whole-body MRI with DWI did not detect all NET lesions found with whole-body 5-HTP PET/CT. Our findings indicate that MRI of the liver including liver-specific contrast agent-enhanced imaging and DWI could be a useful complement to whole-body 5-HTP PET/CT.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Surgical Sciences, Department of Radiology , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carlbom
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Sciences . Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Caballero-Corbalán
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Sciences . Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Granberg
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Surgical Sciences, Department of Radiology , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sörensen
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Sciences . Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.
authors.forename: Barbro
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Surgical Sciences, Department of Radiology , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahlström
mesh_terms: D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D051598:Whole Body Imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan
keywords: Diffusion-weighted MRI; magnetic resonance imaging; neuroendocrine tumors; positron-emission tomography; whole-body imaging