title: The influence of a preceptor-student 'Daily Feedback Tool' on clinical feedback practices in nursing education: A qualitative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Feedback in clinical education is essential for the development of competent nurses. When the process is enacted well, it offers measured performance against standards required by the nursing health profession, promoting learning and behavioural change. Despite this, health literature describes numerous barriers to effective feedback processes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A qualitative descriptive design was used to determine whether the introduction of a Daily Feedback Tool addressing some of the barriers to effective feedback, influenced nursing students and clinical supervisors (preceptors) experiences in nursing clinical education.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of eight semi-structured focus groups related to student and preceptors reported experiences were completed comprising of preceptor and student groups independently. The data was analysed using aspects of grounded theory including purposive sampling and system analysis informing the subsequent stages of data collection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants reported that the introduction of the Daily Feedback Tool overcame some of the reported barriers, particularly relating to the frequency of feedback occasions, and the traditionally didactic, teacher-led feedback conversations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Daily Feedback Tool was reported to influence the development of trusting preceptor-student relationships which gave the learner agency to seek feedback promoting learning and overall performance.
authors.affiliation: Federation University, Gippsland Campus, 1670 Lardner's Track, Lardner, Victoria 3821, Australia. Electronic address: l.allen@federation.edu.au.
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia. Electronic address: elizabeth.molloy@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molloy
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D005181:Faculty, Nursing / Q000193:education; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010465:Perception; D011231:Preceptorship / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Clinical education; Feedback; Nursing students; Preceptors