title: Model Evaluation of Continuous Data Pharmacometric Models: Metrics and Graphics.
abstract: This article represents the first in a series of tutorials on model evaluation in nonlinear mixed effect models (NLMEMs), from the International Society of Pharmacometrics (ISoP) Model Evaluation Group. Numerous tools are available for evaluation of NLMEM, with a particular emphasis on visual assessment. This first basic tutorial focuses on presenting graphical evaluation tools of NLMEM for continuous data. It illustrates graphs for correct or misspecified models, discusses their pros and cons, and recalls the definition of metrics used.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: T H T
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Certara Strategic Consulting, Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: M-S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mouksassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Holford
authors.affiliation: Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Al-Huniti
authors.affiliation: Dr Immanuel Freedman Inc., Harleysville, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Freedman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hooker
authors.affiliation: Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.affiliation: Projections Research Inc., Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Mould
authors.affiliation: The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Belgium.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pérez Ruixo
authors.affiliation: Pharmetheus, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Plan
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Savic
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
authors.forename: J G C
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: van Hasselt
authors.affiliation: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Genentech, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|INSERM CIC 1414, Rennes, France, University Rennes-1, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Comets
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mentré
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D014859:Warfarin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D014859:Warfarin