title: Farnesoid X receptor ligand CDCA suppresses human prostate cancer cells growth by inhibiting lipid metabolism via targeting sterol response element binding protein 1.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A wealth of studies have demonstrated that abnormal cellular lipid metabolism plays an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) development. Therefore, manipulating lipid metabolism is a potential PCa therapy strategy. In this study, our goal is to investigate the role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in regulating the proliferation and lipid metabolism of human PCa cells following its ligand chenodexycholic acid (CDCA) treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oil Red O was used to stain lipid contents in PCa cells, and siRNA knockdown was performed to deplete FXR expression. To study the cell proliferation when treated by CDCA or FXR knockdown, cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) was adopted to evaluate tumor cell growth. Western blot was used for protein analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data suggest that activation of FXR by CDCA reduces lipid accumulation and significantly inhibits cells proliferation in prostate tumor cells. Instead, CDCA treatment doesn't affect normal prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cells growth in vitro. FXR activation decreases mRNA and protein levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and some other key regulators involved in lipid metabolism. Depletion of FXR by siRNA attenuates the inhibitory effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study indicates that activation of FXR inhibits lipid metabolism via SREBP1 pathway and further suppresses prostate tumor growth in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
authors.forename: Nian
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
authors.forename: Jinguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
authors.forename: Haolin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
authors.forename: Yaowen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
keywords: FXR; Prostate cancer; SREBP1; lipogenesis