title: Negative Religious Coping, Positive Religious Coping, and Quality of Life Among Hemodialysis Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Religious coping is known as a main resource influencing how individuals cope with the complications and stressors of chronic disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between religious coping and quality of life among hemodialysis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was conducted in Qom, Iran, from June 2012 to July 2013. Ninety-five end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis were selected via the convenience sampling method. Data were collected via a questionnaire comprising items on sociodemographic information, quality of life, the anxiety and depression scale, and religious coping. Following this, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of patients was 50.4 (standard deviation [SD] = 15.7) years, and most were male (61%). The mean score for positive religious coping was 23.38 (SD = 4.17), while that for negative religious coping was 11.46 (SD = 4.34). It was found that 53.6% of patients had higher than the mean score of positive religious coping, while those with negative religious coping made up 37.9%. Negative religious coping was associated with worse quality of life, including physical functioning (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72; P = 0.009), role physical (OR = 0.79; P = 0.04), vitality (OR = 0.62; P = 0.005), social functioning (OR = 0.69; P = 0.007), and mental health (OR = 0.58; P = 0.01) after controlling for sociodemographic, clinical, and anxiety and depression variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that patients with negative religious coping abilities were at risk of a suboptimal quality of life. Incorporating religious support in the care of hemodialysis patients may be helpful in improving quality of life in this patient population. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether these associations are causal and the direction of effect.
authors.affiliation: Students Research Center, Department of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran; School of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Taheri-Kharameh
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zamanian
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montazeri
authors.affiliation: Izadi Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Azadeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asgarian
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Esbiri
keywords: Hemodialysis; Negative Religious Coping; Positive Religious Coping; Quality Of Life