title: Clinical and Histological changes after ridge preservation with two xenografts: preliminary results from a multicentre randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: To evaluate and compare clinical and histological changes after ridge preservation procedures with those of spontaneous healing.
  
  
  
  Ninety patients were enrolled in the present randomized controlled clinical trial and underwent single-tooth extraction in the premolar/molar areas. Thirty sites were grafted with collagenated cortico-cancellous (coll), 30 sites with cortical (cort) porcine bone and 30 sites underwent natural healing. Primary (vertical and horizontal bone changes after 3 months) and secondary outcomes (histomorphometric after 3 months) were evaluated at implant placement.
  
  
  
  The vertical bone changes at the grafted sockets were significantly (p < 0.0001) lower (0.30 mm for cort group and 0.57 mm for coll group) when compared to non-grafted sockets (2.10 mm for nat group). Moreover, the width reduction of the coll (0.93 mm) and cort (1.33 mm) groups was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) than the non-grafted group (3.60 mm). The analysis of subgroups attested that when premolar and molar sites were compared, the buccal bone loss appeared to be dependent both on tooth position and grafting material employed.
  
  
  
  The ridge preservation procedures had significantly better outcomes when compared to natural healing. The biomaterials did not differ for maintenance of bone width; even though, the bone height seemed to be better preserved with the cortical porcine bone.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.|Tuscan Dental Institute, Versilia General Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, LU, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.affiliation: Tuscan Dental Institute, Versilia General Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, LU, Italy.|Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Toti
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry/Oral Health Centre of Western Australia, The University of Western Australia.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quaranta
authors.affiliation: Tuscan Dental Institute, Versilia General Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, LU, Italy.|Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Fortunato
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alfonsi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cucchi
authors.affiliation: Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, Ascoli Piceno, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Felice
authors.affiliation: Tuscan Dental Institute, Versilia General Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, LU, Italy.|Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Saverio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marchionni
authors.affiliation: Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose' Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Calvo-Guirado
authors.affiliation: Tuscan Dental Institute, Versilia General Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, LU, Italy.|Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Ugo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Covani
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Sahlgrenska Academy Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nannmark
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072836:Surgical Wound; D013997:Time Factors; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing
keywords: alveolar bone loss; alveoloplasty; bone remodelling; tooth socket; xenograft