title: Patient- and family-centred care in the intensive care unit: a challenge in the daily practice of healthcare professionals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of supportive interventions perceived by both the intensive care unit patients' relatives and the healthcare providers, such as deferred intake interviews for providing information and discussing the emotional impacts, encouragement to keep a diary, and the introduction of weekly psychosocial rounds, on the perceptions of relatives of patients in the intensive care unit.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Patient- and family-centred care is gaining interest, with a shift from provider-centric norms to care arranged around patients' and relatives individual beliefs and needs. This is expected to have a positive influence on the quality of care. Communication is one of the most important factors impacting the perceived quality of care in the intensive care unit from the perspective of patients' relatives. New interventions have been introduced to help the patients' relatives to meet their communication needs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A time-trend quantitative design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two convenience samples of relatives were included (in 2012 and 2013) in four different intensive care units from a large university medical centre in the Netherlands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survey data from 211 relatives (75% net response rate in 2012) and 123 relatives (66% net response rate in 2013) were used for the analysis. The second measurement showed significant improvements regarding informational aspects of care, clarification of roles in participatory caretaking and shared decision-making.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the additional support offered to patients' relatives increased perceived quality of care, particularly with respect to informational needs. However, patient- and family-centred care still requires a change in the mindset of healthcare professionals. This new point of view should overcome perceived barriers and foster a culture of partnership with patients' relatives in the intensive care unit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Training in providing psychosocial support for the needs of relatives leads to a stronger perception of patient-centredness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Margo Mc
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: van Mol
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Trudi Gw
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Boeter
authors.affiliation: HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lisbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Verharen
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Erwin Jo
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kompanje
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marjan D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Nijkamp
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000451:nursing*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000379:methods*; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: communication; critical care; family support; intensive care unit; nurses; patient- and family-centred care; quality of care; relatives