title: Primary photosensitization caused by ingestion of Froelichia humboldtiana by dairy goats.
abstract: This study aimed to describe the first report of an outbreak of primary photosensitization in dairy goats caused by Froelichia humboldtiana. The disease occurred from March to May 2014, in a mixed flock of 15 Saanen, Alpine, and crossbred lactating goats. The entire flock was affected; however, the Saanen and cross-bred goats developed more severe lesions, and their milk production decreased by as much as 75%. Lesions were progressive and consisted of skin hyperemia, edema, and necrosis, especially in depigmented areas. An experimental study with two goats resulted in photodermatitis, similar to that observed in the natural cases, 10-14 days after the beginning of plant ingestion. Serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and -glutamyltransferase (GGT) and, direct, indirect, and total bilirubin serum concentrations were within the normal ranges. In conclusion, F. humboldtiana causes primary photosensitization in goats with a negative impact on milk production.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Caio C B
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valber O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Fátima Souza
authors.affiliation: Integrated Doctoral Program of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Lacerda-Lucena
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil; Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sara V D
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.affiliation: Integrated Doctoral Program of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil; Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil; National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA), La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Franklin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Riet-Correa
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil; Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil. Electronic address: lucena.rb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ricardo B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lucena
mesh_terms: D027703:Amaranthaceae / Q000506:poisoning*; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006041:Goats; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D010787:Photosensitivity Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D001663:Bilirubin
keywords: Goat disease; Low milk production; Photodermatitis; Skin necrosis