title: Advances in Imaging Techniques and Genetically Encoded Probes for Photoacoustic Imaging.
abstract: Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a rapidly emerging biomedical imaging modality that is capable of visualizing cellular and molecular functions with high detection sensitivity and spatial resolution in deep tissue. Great efforts and progress have been made on the development of various PA imaging technologies with improved resolution and sensitivity over the past two decades. Various PA probes with high contrast have also been extensively developed, with many important biomedical applications. In comparison with chemical dyes and nanoparticles, genetically encoded probes offer easier labeling of defined cells within tissues or proteins of interest within a cell, have higher stabilityin vivo, and eliminate the need for delivery of exogenous substances. Genetically encoded probes have thus attracted increasing attention from researchers in engineering and biomedicine. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the existing PA imaging technologies and genetically encoded PA probes, and describe further improvements in PA imaging techniques and the near-infrared photochromic protein BphP1, the most sensitive genetically encoded probe thus far, as well as the potential biomedical applications of BphP1-based PA imagingin vivo.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;; Beijing Center for Mathematics and Information Interdisciplinary Sciences (BCMIIS), Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Chengbo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Riqiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Jingqin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;; Beijing Center for Mathematics and Information Interdisciplinary Sciences (BCMIIS), Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Genetically Encoded Probe; Molecular Imaging; Photoacoustic Imaging; Photoacoustic Probe; Photoswitchable Protein.; Reporter Gene