title: Pharmacokinetics and Histopathological Findings of Chemoembolization Using Cisplatin Powder Mixed with Degradable Starch Microspheres in a Rabbit Liver Tumor Model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and histopathological findings of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) using cisplatin powder mixed with degradable starch microspheres (DSM) (Cis/DSM-TACE) compared with cisplatin arterial infusion (Cis-AI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen rabbits with VX2 liver tumors were divided into two groups: Cis/DSM-TACE (n = 9) and Cis-AI (n = 9) groups. In the Cis/DSM-TACE group, a mixture of cisplatin powder and DSM was injected until stasis of hepatic arterial flow was achieved. In the Cis-AI group, cisplatin solution was infused.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The platinum concentrations in VX2 tumors in the Cis/DSM-TACE group at 24 and 72 h were significantly elevated compared with those in the Cis-AI group (P = .016 and .019, respectively). There were no significant differences in the platinum concentrations in plasma. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of several microspheres inside the tumors at 1 h, which completely disappeared at 24 h. Tumor cell apoptosis at 1 h in the Cis/DSM-TACE group was more frequently observed compared with that in the Cis-AI group (P = .006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TACE using cisplatin powder mixed with DSM provides a higher drug concentration in tumors, thereby achieving stronger antitumor effects compared with arterial infusion of cisplatin solution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, IVR CenterNara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, 634-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, IVR CenterNara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, 634-8522, Japan. toshihir@bf6.so-net.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, IVR CenterNara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, 634-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishiofuku
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, IVR CenterNara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, 634-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, South Nara General Medical Center, Oyodo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, IVR CenterNara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, 634-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masada
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, IVR CenterNara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, 634-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Shota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tatsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Nagaaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marugami
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yamato
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sho
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiho
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohbayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, IVR CenterNara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, 634-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kichikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008863:Microspheres; D011208:Powders; D011817:Rabbits; D013213:Starch
chemical_list: D011208:Powders; C083286:degradable starch microspheres; D013213:Starch; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Cisplatin; Starch microsphere; TACE