title: Differential association between sarcopenia and metabolic phenotype in Korean young and older adults with and without obesity.
abstract: To determine whether sarcopenia was associated with metabolic phenotype in subjects with and without obesity.
  
  
  
  A total of 6,021 participants (2,592 men, 3,429 women) aged 30 to 93 years were assessed using data from the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Sarcopenia was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by weight (%) that is <1 SD below the sex-specific mean for young adults. Metabolically unhealthy was defined as ≥2 components of metabolic syndrome or the presence of hypertension, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25.0 kg/m2.
  
  
  
  Sarcopenia was associated with a metabolically unhealthy phenotype in nonobese men independent of age, smoking, regular physical activity, daily energy intake, total body fat, fasting insulin, non-HDL cholesterol, white blood cell count, ferritin level, and 25(OH) vitamin D level (OR per 1 SD increment (95% CI) 1.88 (1.28-2.75), P < 0.01), but this association was confounded by and not independent of total body fat in nonobese women. Sarcopenia was not associated with a metabolically unhealthy phenotype in subjects with obesity.
  
  
  
  Sarcopenia was independently associated with a metabolically unhealthy phenotype in nonobese men, but this association was not evident in nonobese women or subjects with obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: You-Cheol
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In-Jin
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In-Kyung
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu Jeung
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D014807:Vitamin D