title: Setting up crowd science projects.
abstract: Crowd science is scientific research that is conducted with the participation of volunteers who are not professional scientists. Thanks to the Internet and online platforms, project initiators can draw on a potentially large number of volunteers. This crowd can be involved to support data-rich or labour-intensive projects that would otherwise be unfeasible. So far, research on crowd science has mainly focused on analysing individual crowd science projects. In our research, we focus on the perspective of project initiators and explore how crowd science projects are set up. Based on multiple case study research, we discuss the objectives of crowd science projects and the strategies of their initiators for accessing volunteers. We also categorise the tasks allocated to volunteers and reflect on the issue of quality assurance as well as feedback mechanisms. With this article, we contribute to a better understanding of how crowd science projects are set up and how volunteers can contribute to science. We suggest that our findings are of practical relevance for initiators of crowd science projects, for science communication as well as for informed science policy making.
authors.forename: Kaja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scheliga
authors.affiliation: Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society, Germany.
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Friesike
authors.affiliation: Hans Bredow Institute for Media Research.
authors.forename: Cornelius
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Puschmann
authors.affiliation: German Institute for Economic Research & Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society, Germany.
authors.forename: Benedikt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fecher
keywords: case study research; citizen science; crowd science; crowdsourcing; digitisation of research; online platforms; science communication; volunteer engagement