title: Impression Material in the External and Middle Ear: an Overview of the Literature and a Stepwise Approach for Removal.
abstract: Here, we provide a literature overview of cases with protruding molding material for earplugs or hearing aids and subsequent required treatment, including our own cases. Patients at risk are those with impaired tympanic membranes or who previously underwent otologic surgery. Symptoms such as otalgia, tinnitus, and vertigo are alarming but do not always arise. In case of doubt, a CT scan is of additive value to prepare for adequate surgical removal and to limit potential damage. A stepwise approach for the clinician on how to address these challenging cases is presented, based upon the literature and our own experience.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. f.j.verdam@umucutrecht.nl.
authors.forename: Froukje
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Verdam
authors.forename: Rinze
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tange
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thomeer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods*; D004430:Ear Protective Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004431:Ear, External; D007758:Ear, Inner; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult