title: Nursing Practices and Policies Related to Family Presence During Resuscitation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite its shown benefits, family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) is a controversial topic among critical care nurses and is not routinely implemented.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to describe FPDR practices among critical care nurses, as well as the prevalence of FPDR policies and education.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used a descriptive survey design. Data were collected from a convenience sample of critical care nurses obtained at a national level. A 25-item demographic and professional attribute survey was administered to all participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 124 critical care nurses who participated. Results indicated critical care nurses have vast resuscitative care experience; however, FPDR is not a routine component. In the past year, 23% (n = 29) had never experienced FPDR, and only 17% (n = 21) had experienced it more than 5 times. Furthermore, 48% (n = 59) had never invited FPDR, and 45% (n = 56) had invited it only 1 to 5 times. A lack of FPDR policy was noted, with 73% (n = 91) indicating their facility or unit did not have a policy or they were unsure if one existed. Only 38% (n = 47) had ever received education on FPDR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the shown benefits of FPDR, it is not a routine component of resuscitation in critical care settings. Nurse managers and educators should focus on policy creation and education to help guide nurses at the bedside. The impact of policy and education on critical care nurses' support for and implementation of FPDR requires further study.
authors.affiliation: Kelly A. Powers, PhD, RN, CNE, is an assistant professor at the School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Dr Powers teaches baccalaureate level courses on transition to professional practice, preceptorship, and nursing research. She also serves as chair for Doctor of Nursing Practice scholarly projects. Her research focuses on family presence during resuscitation. Lori Candela, EdD, RN, FNP-BC, CNE, is an associate professor at the School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Dr Candela teaches advanced communication, negotiation & collaboration and history and philosophy of education at the doctoral level as well as nurse educator and nurse practitioner clinical synthesis courses at the master's level. Her research focuses on designing and evaluating innovative teaching methods for patient, student and nurse populations.
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Candela
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D003422:Critical Care / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000523:psychology; D064648:Critical Care Nursing; D004506:Education, Nursing; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D016134:Organizational Policy; D010362:Patients' Rooms / Q000458:organization & administration; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014789:Visitors to Patients / Q000523:psychology*