title: Gene expression profile of intramuscular muscle in Nellore cattle with extreme values of fatty acid.
abstract: Fatty acid type in beef can be detrimental to human health and has received considerable attention in recent years. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes in longissimus thoracis muscle of 48 Nellore young bulls with extreme phenotypes for fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat by RNA-seq technique.
  
  
  
  Differential expression analyses between animals with extreme phenotype for fatty acid composition showed a total of 13 differentially expressed genes for myristic (C14:0), 35 for palmitic (C16:0), 187 for stearic (C18:0), 371 for oleic (C18:1, cis-9), 24 for conjugated linoleic (C18:2 cis-9, trans11, CLA), 89 for linoleic (C18:2 cis-9,12 n6), and 110 genes for α-linolenic (C18:3 n3) fatty acids. For the respective sums of the individual fatty acids, 51 differentially expressed genes for saturated fatty acids (SFA), 336 for monounsaturated (MUFA), 131 for polyunsaturated (PUFA), 92 for PUFA/SFA ratio, 55 for ω3, 627 for ω6, and 22 for ω6/ω3 ratio were identified. Functional annotation analyses identified several genes associated with fatty acid metabolism, such as those involved in intra and extra-cellular transport of fatty acid synthesis precursors in intramuscular fat of longissimus thoracis muscle. Some of them must be highlighted, such as: ACSM3 and ACSS1 genes, which work as a precursor in fatty acid synthesis; DGAT2 gene that acts in the deposition of saturated fat in the adipose tissue; GPP and LPL genes that support the synthesis of insulin, stimulating both the glucose synthesis and the amino acids entry into the cells; and the BDH1 gene, which is responsible for the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies used in the synthesis of ATP.
  
  
  
  Several genes related to lipid metabolism and fatty acid composition were identified. These findings must contribute to the elucidation of the genetic basis to improve Nellore meat quality traits, with emphasis on human health. Additionally, it can also contribute to improve the knowledge of fatty acid biosynthesis and the selection of animals with better nutritional quality.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Berton
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa F S
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela F J
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Gimenez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nutrição e Produção Animal, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Pirassununga, 13635-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Utembergue
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline S M
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Cesar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, SP, Brazil.|Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Lago Sul, 71605-001, DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Vinicius A
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: de Lemos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aboujaoude
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nutrição e Produção Animal, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Pirassununga, 13635-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angélica S C
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael M de O
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nedenia B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Stafuzza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabieli L B
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Feitosa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hermenegildo L J
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chiaia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bianca F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Olivieri
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peripolli
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Tonussi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gordo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Espigolan
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nutrição e Produção Animal, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Pirassununga, 13635-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adrielle M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ferrinho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Pirassununga, 13635-900, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lenise F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.|Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Lago Sul, 71605-001, DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucia G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: de Albuquerque
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.|Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Lago Sul, 71605-001, DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Henrique N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Animal and Veterinary Science Department of Clemson University, Clemson, 29634, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duckett
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil. fernandobaldiuy@gmail.com.|Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Lago Sul, 71605-001, DF, Brazil. fernandobaldiuy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baldi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids
keywords: Bos indicus; Human health; Lipid composition; RNA-seq; Transcriptome