title: Maxillary dentoalveolar assessment following retraction of maxillary incisors: a preliminary study.
abstract: The aim of this preliminary study was to assess changes in tooth length and alveolar thickness following retraction of maxillary incisors.
  A total of 11 patients presenting severe maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion revealed by initial (T1) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and whose treatment plan included extraction of maxillary first premolars and retraction of maxillary incisors, were selected and submitted to CBCT examination one month after the end of incisors retraction (T2). The premaxilla was assessed through seven axial slices by means of Dolphin ImagingTM software. In each of these slices, five measurements of the distance from the buccal cortical bone to the palatal cortical bone were performed. Tooth length of maxillary incisors (n = 44) was also measured in sagittal slices. Measurements were repeated after a two-week interval, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to test examiner calibration. Wilcoxon test was used to detect differences in measurements performed at the two time intervals.
  The ICC was satisfactory for tooth length (0.890) and for premaxilla alveolar thickness measurements (0.980). Analysis of data showed no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in tooth length or alveolar thickness between the two-time intervals assessed.
  The force used in retraction of maxillary incisors in this research did not promote significant changes in tooth length of maxillary incisors or in premaxilla alveolar thickness.
authors.affiliation: MSc student, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tiago Maia Fernandes
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: PhD resident, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lígia Vieira
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Claudino
authors.affiliation: Professor, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Department of Dental Clinics, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Trindade
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Mattos
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor and Chairman, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Franzotti
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Sant'Anna
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008311:Malocclusion, Angle Class I / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D008437:Maxilla; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012391:Root Resorption; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques; D055815:Young Adult