title: Arteriocutaneous Fistula Associated with Bilateral Femoral Pseudoaneurysms Caused by Bacillus Calmette-Guérin. Apropos of a Case and Review of Literature.
abstract: Vascular complications of intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) are rare. BCG is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis that was initially developed for vaccination against tuberculosis, but it has also been used as an adjuvant treatment for bladder transitional carcinoma. We report a patient with a history of instillation of BCG 2 years before, who underwent surgical treatment of 2 pseudoaneurysms. The first, located in the left superficial femoral artery (SFA), was resected, and the artery was ligated because he had a history of femoropopliteal occlusion. After 4 weeks, he presented another one associated with hemorrhage by cutaneous fistula, in the right common femoral artery. In this case, revascularization was performed by means a common-to-deep femoral artery bypass with polytetrafluorethylene graft and reimplantation of SFA. Initially, bacterial cultures were negative, but bacilli cultures identified M. bovis after 3 weeks. Antituberculosis therapy was administered. After 13 months, the patient was asymptomatic and duplex ultrasound showed no signs of recurrent infection. This exposure should be considered if presentation of the false aneurysm is spontaneous and there is a history of bladder carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Angiology, Endovascular and Vascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: atorres658@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Álvaro
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Torres-Blanco
authors.affiliation: Department of Angiology, Endovascular and Vascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gómez-Palonés
authors.affiliation: Department of Angiology, Endovascular and Vascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Edo-Fleta
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000368:Aged; D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D000785:Aneurysm, Infected / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D017577:Cutaneous Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D012092:Replantation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016157:Vascular Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001500:BCG Vaccine