title: High-intensity interval training to improve fitness in children with cerebral palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate effects of high-intensity interval training (HIT) on aerobic exercise capacity, quality of life, and body composition in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a baseline control trial. Children with CP, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-IV, and age 10-17 years were included. The primary outcome, peak, and submaximum oxygen uptake (VO2peak, VO2submax) were measured at enrolment to the study (T0), after a pretraining period (T1), and after HIT (T2). Secondary outcomes were quality of life assessed with the KINDL questionnaire, and body composition measured using whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning. The exercise was performed on treadmills and consisted of 24 sessions, each with a total of 16 min of exercise at >85% of maximal heart rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  20 children were included and 6 children dropped out. VO2peakincreased by 10%, from a median of 37.3 (31.0-40.1) to 41.0 (36.6-48.5) mL/kg/min from T1 to T2 (p<0.01). VO2submaxdid not change; thereby, the percentage oxygen utilisation was reduced. Body composition was unchanged. Parent-reported quality of life improved, whereas quality of life reported by the children did not improve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aerobic exercise capacity improved and per cent utilisation of VO2maxdeclined after HIT in children with CP. Therefore, HIT can be a time efficient way to improve maximal capacity, and increase energy reserve in this patient group.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT00965133.
authors.affiliation: Rosenborg Physiotherapy Clinic , Trondheim , Norway.
authors.forename: Reidun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lauglo
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine , Children and Women's Health , NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Torstein
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vik
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery , St. Olav's Hospital , Trondheim , Norway.
authors.forename: Torarin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lamvik
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging , NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway.
authors.forename: Dorthe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stensvold
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine , Children and Women's Health , NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Ane-Kristine
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Finbråten
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Women's Clinic, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Trine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moholdt
keywords: Aerobic fitness; Exercise rehabilitation; Quality of life