title: Preparation and characterization of bee venom-loaded PLGA particles for sustained release.
abstract: Bee venom-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles were prepared by double emulsion-solvent evaporation, and characterized for a sustained-release system. Factors such as the type of organic solvent, the amount of bee venom and PLGA, the type of PLGA, the type of polyvinyl alcohol, and the emulsification method were considered. Physicochemical properties, including the encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, particle size, zeta-potential and surface morphology were examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The size of the bee venom-loaded PLGA particles was 500 nm (measured using sonication). Zeta-potentials of the bee venom-loaded PLGA particles were negative owing to the PLGA. FT-IR results demonstrated that the bee venom was completely encapsulated in the PLGA particles, indicated by the disappearance of the amine and amide peaks. In addition, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis indicated that the bee venom in the bee venom-loaded PLGA particles was intact. In vitro release of the bee venom from the bee venom-loaded PLGA particles showed a sustained-release profile over 1 month. Bee venom-loaded PLGA particles can help improve patients' quality of life by reducing the number of injections required.
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , South Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: b Wissen Co, Ltd , Daejeon , South Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Woon
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: b Wissen Co, Ltd , Daejeon , South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: c College of Veterinary Medicine , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea.
authors.forename: Bong-Joo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: c College of Veterinary Medicine , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea.
authors.forename: Guk-Hyun
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , South Korea.
authors.forename: Cheong-Weon
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D001514:Bee Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010316:Particle Size; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001514:Bee Venoms; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
keywords: Bee venom; PLGA; microparticle; sustained release