title: Incorporation of chemotherapeutic agent and photosensitizer in a low temperature-sensitive liposome for effective chemo-hyperthermic anticancer activity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we combined chemo- and hyperthermia therapy in a low temperature-sensitive liposome (LTSL) for potential cancer treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Docetaxel (DOC) and indocyanine green (ICG) as a therapeutic agent and photosensitizer, respectively, were incorporated in a low temperature-sensitive liposome (LTSL/DI). Nanoparticles were evaluated for the physicochemical characterizations, in vitro uptake and cytotoxicity, and furthermore in vivo anticancer activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The particle size of LTSL/DI was 130.8 ± 2.3 nm, and its drug release profile was pH- and temperature-dependent, which are effective for tumor targeting. The in vitro anticancer activity of LTSL/DI was significantly enhanced compared with free DOC in SCC-7 and MCF-7 cell lines. Interestingly, near-infrared laser irradiation after the treatment resulted in better anticancer activity than in the non-irradiated condition. The in vivo tumor regression effect of LTSL/DI in combination with NIR irradiation was much greater compared with the control group in SCC-7 tumor-bearing mice. After intratumoral injection of LTSL/DI, local heat induced by NIR irradiation and the localized docetaxel burst release could completely ablate the tumor, and inhibit its recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest LTSL/DI formulation as a potential therapeutic strategy with effectively localized anti-tumor activity and low risk of side effect to non-target organs.
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hanh Thuy
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tuan Hiep
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Raj Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Thapa
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tung Thanh
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jee-Heon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: b School of Pharmacy , SungKyunKwan University , Jangan-gu , Suwon , South Korea.
authors.forename: Yu Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.affiliation: c College of Pharmacy , Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University , Sangnok-gu , Ansan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han-Gon
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chul Soon
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D000077143:Docetaxel; D065546:Drug Liberation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008081:Liposomes; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008081:Liposomes; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D007208:Indocyanine Green
keywords: Docetaxel; hyperthermia; indocyanine green; low temperature-sensitive liposome; near-infrared irradiation