title: Activity and Sedentary Time 10 Years After a Successful Lifestyle Intervention: The Diabetes Prevention Program.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to determine if evidence exists for a lasting effect of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle intervention on activity levels by comparing objectively collected activity data between the DPP Outcome Study (DPPOS) cohort and adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2003-2006).
  
  
  METHODS
  Average minutes/day of light and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior from ActiGraph accelerometers (collected 2010-2012) were examined (2013-2014) for comparable DPPOS and NHANES subgroups by age, sex, and diabetes status. Longitudinal questionnaire data on leisure activity, collected yearly from DPP baseline to the time of accelerometer measurement (1996-2010; 11.9-year mean follow-up), were also examined to provide support for a long-term intervention effect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average minutes/day of accelerometer-derived MVPA was higher in all DPPOS subgroups versus NHANES subgroups of similar age/sex/diabetes status; with values as much as twice as high in some DPPOS subgroups. Longitudinal questionnaire data from DPP/DPPOS showed a maintained increase of 1.24 MET hours/week (p=0.026) of leisure activity in DPPOS participants from all original study arms between DPP baseline and accelerometer recording. There were no consistent differences between comparable DPPOS and NHANES subgroups for accelerometer-derived sedentary or light-intensity activity minutes/day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than 10 years after the start of DPP, DPPOS participants performed more accelerometer-measured MVPA than similar adults from NHANES. Longitudinal questionnaire data support the accelerometer-based findings by suggesting that leisure activity levels at the time of accelerometer recording remained higher than DPP baseline levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: bjr26@pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Bonny
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rockette-Wagner
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Sport Science, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Kristi L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Storti
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dabelea
authors.affiliation: George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Edelstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
authors.forename: Hermes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Florez
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Franks
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Maria G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Montez
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Epidemiology and Clinical Research Section, U.S. NIH, Phoenix, Arizona; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pomeroy
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kriska
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008019:Life Style; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors