title: Maternal high-fat diet prevents developmental programming by early-life stress.
abstract: Anxiety disorders and depression are well-documented in subjects exposed to adverse childhood events. Recently, maternal obesity and/or maternal consumption of high-fat diets (HFD) have been also proposed as risk factors for offspring mental health. Here using an animal model in rats, we explored the combinatorial effects of a maternal HFD (40% of energy from fat without impact on maternal weight; during gestation and lactation) and maternal separation (MS) in offspring. In the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of pups, MS led to changes in the expression of several genes such as Bdnf (brain derived neurotrophic factor), 5HT-r1a (serotonin receptor 1a) and Rest4 (neuron-restrictive silencer element, repressor element 1, silencing transcription factor (Rest), splicing variant 4). Surprisingly, perinatal HFD strongly attenuated the developmental alterations induced by MS. Furthermore, maternal HFD totally prevented the endophenotypes (anxiety, spatial memory, social behavior, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to stress, hippocampal neurogenesis and visceral pain) associated with MS at adulthood. Finally, we also demonstrated that HFD intake reduced anxiety and enhanced maternal care in stressed dams. Overall, our data suggest that a HFD restricted to gestation and lactation, which did not lead to overweight in dams, had limited effects in unstressed offspring, highlighting the role of maternal obesity, rather than fat exposure per se, on brain vulnerability during development.
authors.affiliation: INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.|Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5622-9670
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rincel
authors.affiliation: INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.|Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Lépinay
authors.affiliation: INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.|Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delage
authors.affiliation: INRA, Toxalim, UMR1331, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fioramonti
authors.affiliation: INRA, Toxalim, UMR1331, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Théodorou
authors.affiliation: INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.|Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Layé
authors.affiliation: INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.|Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darnaudéry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D001835:Body Weight; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008016:Life Change Events; D008425:Maternal Behavior; D008426:Maternal Deprivation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044282:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000099229:RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D044282:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000099229:RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor