title: Thermographic Phosphors for High Temperature Measurements: Principles, Current State of the Art and Recent Applications.
abstract: This paper reviews the state of phosphor thermometry, focusing on developments in the past 15 years. The fundamental principles and theory are presented, and the various spectral and temporal modes, including the lifetime decay, rise time and intensity ratio, are discussed. The entire phosphor measurement system, including relative advantages to conventional methods, choice of phosphors, bonding techniques, excitation sources and emission detection, is reviewed. Special attention is given to issues that may arise at high temperatures. A number of recent developments and applications are surveyed, with examples including: measurements in engines, hypersonic wind tunnel experiments, pyrolysis studies and droplet/spray/gas temperature determination. They show the technique is flexible and successful in measuring temperatures where conventional methods may prove to be unsuitable.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, England, UK. ashiq.khalid@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Ashiq Hussain
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Khalid
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, England, UK. k.kontis@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kontis
keywords: Thermographic; applications; fluorescence; laser; luminescence; measurement; phosphorescence; phosphors; temperature; thermometry