title: iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Spirulina platensis in Response to Low Temperature Stress.
abstract: Low temperature (LT) is one of the most important abiotic stresses that can significantly reduce crop yield. To gain insight into how Spirulina responds to LT stress, comprehensive physiological and proteomic analyses were conducted in this study. Significant decreases in growth and pigment levels as well as excessive accumulation of compatible osmolytes were observed in response to LT stress. An isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics approach was used to identify changes in protein abundance in Spirulina under LT. A total of 3,782 proteins were identified, of which 1,062 showed differential expression. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that differentially expressed proteins that were enriched in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and translation are important for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and metabolic balance in Spirulina when subjected to LT stress. The up-regulation of proteins involved in gluconeogenesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis served as coping mechanisms of Spirulina in response to LT stress. Moreover, the down-regulated expression of proteins involved in glycolysis, TCA cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, photosynthesis, and translation were associated with reduced energy consumption. The findings of the present study allow a better understanding of the response of Spirulina to LT stress and may facilitate in the elucidation of mechanisms underlying LT tolerance.
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qingye
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yijun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.|Institute of Spirulina Research, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bosheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001483:Base Sequence; D003080:Cold Temperature; D019295:Computational Biology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005943:Gluconeogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000235:genetics; D010427:Pentose Phosphate Pathway / Q000235:genetics; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D053545:Spirulina / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D020543:Proteome; D013395:Sucrose; D013213:Starch