title: Do Leadership Style, Unit Climate, and Safety Climate Contribute to Safe Medication Practices?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims at: examining if leadership style and unit climate predict safety climate; and testing the direct, indirect, and total effect of leadership style, unit climate, and safety climate on nurses' safe medication practices.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The Institute of Medicine and nursing scholars propose that safety climate is a prerequisite to safety practices. However, there is limited empirical evidence about factors contributing to the development of safety climate and about the association with nurses' safe medication practices.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study used survey data from 246 RNs working in a Magnet® hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leadership style and unit climate predicted 20% to 50% of variance on all safety climate dimensions. Model testing revealed the indirect impact of leadership style and unit climate on nurses' safe medication practices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our hypothesized model explained small amount of the variance on nurses' safe medication practices. This finding suggests that nurses' safe medication practices are influenced by multiple contextual and personal factors that should be further examined.
authors.affiliation: Author Affiliations: Assistant Professor (Dr Farag), College of Nursing, The University of Iowa; Adjunct Associate Professor (Dr Tullai-McGuinness); Assistant Professor (Dr Christopher Burant), Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Professor and Associate Dean for Research (Dr Anthony), College of Nursing, Kent State University, Ohio.
authors.forename: Amany
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farag
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tullai-McGuinness
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burant
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006757:Hospital Units; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors; D008875:Middle Aged; D015279:Organizational Culture; D061214:Patient Safety; D014481:United States