title: Multiple Levels of Family Factors and Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms Among Chinese Children.
abstract: Family factors are closely associated with child developmental outcomes. This study examined the relationship of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms and factors at whole family, dyadic, and individual levels in Chinese children. Participants, who were recruited from 14 primary schools in north, east, and south-west China, included 80 father-child dyads and 169 mother-child dyads. Children in the participating dyads were previously diagnosed with ODD. Results revealed that family cohesion/adaptability was indirectly associated with ODD symptoms via parent-child relationship and child emotion regulation. Parent-child relationship affected ODD symptoms directly and indirectly through child emotion regulation. In addition, the effects of family cohesion/adaptability on parent emotion regulation and child emotion regulation were mediated by the parent-child relationship. The tested model provides a comprehensive framework of how family factors at multiple levels are related to child ODD symptoms and highlights the importance of understanding child emotional and behavioral problems within the family context, more specifically within the multiple levels of family relationships.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiuyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Longfeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling Psychology and Special Education, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT.
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macau, China.
authors.forename: Peilian
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: School of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shousen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|Academy of Psychology and Behaviour, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D000066498:Emotional Adjustment; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations
keywords: Dyadic Factors; Individual Factors; Multiple Levels of Family Factors; Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms; Whole Family Factors; factores de toda la familia; factores diádicos; factores individuales; niveles múltiples de factores familiares; síntomas del trastorno negativista desafiante; 个人因素; 二元因素; 反对抗议紊乱综合症; 多层面家庭因素; 整体家庭因素