title: Impact of inflammation and oxidative stress on carotid intima-media thickness in obstructive sleep apnea patients without metabolic syndrome.
abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is a good indicator of the severity of atherosclerotic disease. This study tested the hypothesis that inflammation and oxidative stress determined carotid IMT in patients with OSA. The carotid IMT, mean systolic and diastolic pressure (night and morning) were significantly higher and the level of thiols and high-density lipoprotein were significantly lower in our 121 OSA patients than in 27 controls (P < 0.05). The apnea/hypopnea index was correlated positively with E-selectin (r = 0.222, P = 0.014), total cholesterol (r = 0.185, P = 0.042), low-density lipoprotein (r = 0.264, P = 0.003) and HbA1c levels (r = 0.304, P = 0.001), but inversely with high-density lipoprotein level (r = -0.203, P = 0.025) in the 121 patients with OSA. In OSA subjects, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age, systolic blood pressure and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 level associated independently with carotid IMT. Besides both age and systolic blood pressure, our study demonstrated that intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 level was associated significantly with carotid IMT in those patients who had OSA but without metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology and Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Ching
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Neng
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Nai-Wen
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Te
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Jih
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Che
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ben-Chung
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ting-Yao
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Neurology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
keywords: atherosclerotic disease; endothelium; inflammatory; polysomnography; sleep disorder