title: A Comparison of Parent- and Provider-Reported Human Papillomavirus Vaccination of Adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is considerable effort at the state and national levels to monitor human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake and understand the factors that influence who gets vaccinated. Accurate measurement of vaccination coverage is critical for monitoring HPV vaccination. This study aimed to determine comparability between parent- and provider-reported HPV vaccination status for a sample of adolescents in the U.S.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the 2014 National Immunization Survey-Teen were analyzed in 2016 for 20,827 adolescents. Information on HPV vaccine uptake (initiation [one or more dose] and completion [three or more doses]) was obtained using parental (recall) and provider reports (electronic medical records). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and κ-coefficient were computed to determine how comparable parental and provider (ref group) reports were for HPV vaccination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of HPV vaccine initiation was comparable between parental and provider report (51.3% vs 50.0%) and for completion (30.7% vs 27.3%). Compared with provider report, parent-reported HPV vaccine initiation had high sensitivity (86.0%), specificity (87.4%), PPV (87.5%), NPV (85.9%), and acceptable κ-coefficient (0.73). Compared with provider report, parent-reported HPV vaccine completion had a sensitivity of 71.5%, specificity of 91.1%, PPV of 78.5%, NPV of 87.6%, and κ-coefficient of 0.64. Similar characteristics-adolescent age, sex, number of doctor visits, and region-were associated with HPV vaccine uptake using parental and provider reports.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parental recall is comparable to provider report in monitoring HPV vaccine uptake for adolescents, although parental recall is less comparable for HPV vaccine completion.
authors.affiliation: Saint Louis University Center for Outcomes Research, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adjei Boakye
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Betelihem B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Tobo
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri; Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Saint Louis, Missouri; Saint Louis University Cancer Center, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Nosayaba
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osazuwa-Peters
authors.affiliation: Saint Louis University Center for Outcomes Research, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Kahee A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Christian J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Geneus
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri. Electronic address: schootm@slu.edu.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schootman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010290:Parents; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines