title: Preclinical models of overwhelming sepsis implicate the neural system that encodes contextual fear memory.
abstract: Long-term sepsis survivors sustain cryptic brain injury that leads to cognitive impairment, emotional imbalance, and increased disability burden. Suitable animal models of sepsis, such as cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), have permitted the analysis of abnormal brain circuits that underlie post-septic behavioral phenotypes. For instance, we have previously shown that CLP-exposed mice exhibit impaired spatial memory together with depleted dendritic arbors and decreased spines in the apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Here we show that contextual fear conditioning, a form of associative memory for fear, is chronically disrupted in CLP mice when compared to SHAM-operated animals. We also find that the excitatory neurons in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) and the granule cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) display significantly fewer dendritic spines in the CLP group relative to the SHAM mice, although the dendritic arbors and gross morphology of the BLA and DG are comparable between the two groups. Moreover, the basal dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons are unaffected in the CLP mice. Taken together, our data indicate that the structural damage in the amygdalar-hippocampal network represents the neural substrate for impaired contextual fear memory in long-term sepsis survivors. Further, our data suggest that the brain injury caused by overwhelming sepsis alters the stability of the synaptic connections involved in associative fear. These results likely have implications for the emotional imbalance observed in human sepsis survivors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immune & Neural Networks, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health.|Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Patricio T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Huerta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immune & Neural Networks, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robbiati
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immune & Neural Networks, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health.
authors.forename: Tomás Salvador
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Huerta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immune & Neural Networks, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health.
authors.forename: Anchal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabharwal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health.
authors.forename: Rose A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Berlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Science Education, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frankfurt
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine.|Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health.
authors.forename: Bruce T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Volpe
keywords: contextual fear conditioning; emotional response; neurology; sepsis; spine density