title: The worm in the APEL.
abstract: Increasingly, it is being recognized that nursing knowledge derives from many forms. Chinn and Kramer (1991) suggest that there are four types of knowledge, i.e. ethical, empirical, aesthetic and personal, while Sarvimaki (1988) identifies nursing as a moral, practical, communicative and creative activity.
authors.affiliation: Principal College of Nursing and Midwifery Derbyshire Institute of Health and Community Studies.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fox