title: The biological effect of asbestos exposure is dependent on changes in iron homeostasis.
abstract: Functional groups on the surface of fibrous silicates can complex iron. We tested the postulate that (1) asbestos complexes and sequesters host cell iron resulting in a disruption of metal homeostasis and (2) this loss of essential metal results in an oxidative stress and biological effect in respiratory epithelial cells. Exposure of BEAS-2B cells to 50 μg/mL chrysotile resulted in diminished concentrations of mitochondrial iron. Preincubation of these cells with 200 μM ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) prevented significant mitochondrial iron loss following the same exposure. The host response to chrysotile included increased expression of the importer divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT1) supporting a functional iron deficiency. Incubation of BEAS-2B cells with both 200 μM FAC and 50 μg/mL chrysotile was associated with a greater cell accumulation of iron relative to either iron or chrysotile alone reflecting increased import to correct metal deficiency immediately following fiber exposure. Cellular oxidant generation was elevated after chrysotile exposure and this signal was diminished by co-incubation with 200 μM FAC. Similarly, exposure of BEAS-2B cells to 50 μg/mL chrysotile was associated with release of the proinflammatory mediators interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, and these changes were diminished by co-incubation with 200 μM FAC. We conclude that (1) the biological response following exposure to chrysotile is associated with complexation and sequestration of cell iron and (2) increasing available iron in the cell diminished the effects of asbestos exposure.
authors.affiliation: a Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ghio
authors.affiliation: a Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Joleen M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Soukup
authors.affiliation: a Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dailey
authors.affiliation: a Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Judy H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.affiliation: a Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D017632:Asbestos, Serpentine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D017632:Asbestos, Serpentine; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; C110547:DMRT1 protein; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D013431:Sulfates; D014157:Transcription Factors; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc
keywords: asbestos; ferritin; inflammation; iron; oxidants