title: Immunity around the clock.
abstract: Immunity is a high-cost, high-benefit trait that defends against pathogens and noxious stimuli but whose overactivation can result in immunopathologies and sometimes even death. Because many immune parameters oscillate rhythmically with the time of day, the circadian clock has emerged as an important gatekeeper for reducing immunity-associated costs, which, in turn, enhances organismal fitness. This is mediated by interactions between extrinsic environmental cues and the intrinsic oscillators of immune cells, which together optimize immune responses throughout the circadian cycle. The elucidation of these clock-controlled immunomodulatory mechanisms might uncover new approaches for treating infections and chronic inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Man
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. andrew.loudon@manchester.ac.uk ajay.chawla@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loudon
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. andrew.loudon@manchester.ac.uk ajay.chawla@ucsf.edu.|Departments of Physiology and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chawla
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D057906:Circadian Clocks / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D013493:Suprachiasmatic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors