title: Discovery of Novel Lipid Profiles in PCOS: Do Insulin and Androgen Oppositely Regulate Bioactive Lipid Production?
abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex syndrome showing clinical features of an endocrine/metabolic disorder, including hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their derivatives, both tightly linked to PCOS and obesity, play important roles in inflammation and reproduction.
  
  
  
  This study aimed to investigate serum lipid profiles in newly diagnosed patients with PCOS using lipidomics and correlate these features with the hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism associated with PCOS and obesity.
  
  
  
  Thirty-two newly diagnosed women with PCOS and 34 controls were divided into obese and lean subgroups. A PCOS rat model was used to validate results of the human studies.
  
  
  
  Serum lipid profiles, including phospholipids, free fatty acids (FFAs), and bioactive lipids, were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) and liquid chromatography-MS.
  
  
  
  Elevation in phosphatidylcholine and a concomitant decrease in lysophospholipid were found in obese patients with PCOS vs lean controls. Obese patients with PCOS had decreased PUFA levels and increased levels of long-chain saturated fatty acids vs lean controls. Serum bioactive lipids downstream of arachidonic acid were increased in obese controls, but reduced in both obese and lean patients with PCOS vs their respective controls.
  
  
  
  Patients with PCOS showed abnormal levels of phosphatidylcholine, FFAs, and PUFA metabolites. Circulating insulin and androgens may have opposing effects on lipid profiles in patients with PCOS, particularly on the bioactive lipid metabolites derived from PUFAs. These clinical observations warrant further studies of the molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of PCOS and obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Shengxian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research and.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine and.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research and.|Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China.|University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; and.
authors.forename: Xinli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research and.
authors.forename: Mingjiang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biobank, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research and.|School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Huiyong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002518:Ceramides / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000378:metabolism; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002518:Ceramides; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D013739:Testosterone; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid