title: Genetic Causes of Phenotypic Adaptation to the Second Fermentation of Sparkling Wines inSaccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Hybridization is known to improve complex traits due to heterosis and phenotypic robustness. However, these phenomena have been rarely explained at the molecular level. Here, the genetic determinism ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaefermentation performance was investigated using a QTL mapping approach on an F1-progeny population. Three main QTL were detected, with positive alleles coming from both parental strains. The heterosis effect found in the hybrid was partially explained by three loci showing pseudooverdominance and dominance effects. The molecular dissection of those QTL revealed that the adaptation to second fermentation is related to pH, lipid, or osmotic regulation. Our results suggest that the stressful conditions of second fermentation have driven the selection of rare genetic variants adapted to maintain yeast cell homeostasis and, in particular, to low pH conditions.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.|Unité de recherche OEnologie, EA 4577, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martí-Raga
authors.affiliation: Unité de recherche OEnologie, EA 4577, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France.|Biolaffort, 33100 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Emilien
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peltier
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beltran
authors.affiliation: Unité de recherche OEnologie, EA 4577, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France philippe.marullo@u-bordeaux.fr.|Biolaffort, 33100 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3594-5173
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marullo
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D005285:Fermentation / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006823:Hybrid Vigor / Q000235:genetics; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: MSB2; PDR1; PMA1; VMA13; heterosis