title: Massive internal jugular vein tumor thrombus derived from squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: two case reports.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tumor thrombosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) is an extremely rare disease, and the reported cases have been exclusively associated with differentiated thyroid cancer. In the present study, we describe two cases of IJV tumor thrombosis originated from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which is the first case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case 1 was a 67-year-old man diagnosed with advanced supraglottic SCC with a massive tumor thrombus in the IJV. He was treated with bio-radiotherapy followed by radical surgery. Case 2 was a 65-year-old woman who underwent radical surgery for SCC of thyroid with tumor thrombosis in the IJV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These cases rapidly developed local recurrences and distant metastases and died within 10 months after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IJV tumor thrombosis originated from SCC apparently reflects extremely aggressive state of the tumor. Recognition and precaution to this condition is essential for the development of a clinically effective treatment strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan. hayatenn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Minamiku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumihide
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rikimaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Higaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
authors.forename: Muneyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masuda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000473:pathology; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Head and neck; Internal jugular vein; Squamous cell carcinoma; Tumor thrombosis; Tumor thrombus