title: Imaging of secretory tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.
abstract: Gastrointestinal secretory tumors, or gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, encompass a wide array of endocrine cell tumors. The significance of these tumors lies in their ability to alter physiology through hormone production as we well as in their malignant potential. Functioning tumors may present earlier due to symptomatology; conversely, non-functioning tumors are often diagnosed late as they reach large sizes, causing symptoms secondary to local mass effect. Imaging aids in the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis and provides key information for presurgical planning. Although most of these tumors are sporadic, some are associated with important syndromes and associations, knowledge of which is critical for patient management. In this article, we provide an overview of secretory and neuroendocrine tumors of the GI tract and pancreas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Yehia M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: ElGuindy
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Sanaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Javadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Christine O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Menias
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Corey T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Haitham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elsamaloty
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA. kmelsayes@mdanderson.org.
authors.forename: Khaled M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Elsayes
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: GI carcinoid; Gastrinoma; Gastrointestinal secretory tumors; Glucagonoma; Insulinoma; Neuroendocrine tumors