title: Association of CXCR4 expression with coronary collateralization in patients with chronic total coronary occlusion: A nested case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  CXCR4 signaling contributes to the development and progression of neovascularization. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CXCR4 expression in peripheral CD34+ cells associated with the coronary collateralization (CC) in patients with chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We measured CXCR4 expression in peripheral CD34+ cells and assessed its relation with CC in a nested case-control study including 78 cases and 78 matched controls aged 38-69years, assessed in January 2011 to December 2012 and with at least 1year of follow-up before the index date. Cases were defined as good coronary collateralization (GCC) according to the Rentrop scoring system (Rentrop score of 2 or 3); for each case, one age-matched control with poor coronary collateralization (PCC) (Rentrop score 0 or 1) was randomly selected from the study participants. Demographic, biochemical, and angiographic variables were collected. In multivariate analysis, the OR (95% CI) of CXCR4 expression was 0.018 (0.017 to 0.020) in patients with GCC versus PCC. Independent effect of CXCR4 expression on CC was (OR 0.012, 95% CI 0.010-0.014) when adjusted for other variables. A nonlinear relationship between CXCR4 expression and CC was observed. The CC degree increased when CXCR4 expression exceeded the turning point (30%) (OR 0.025, 95% CI 0.022-0.028; p<0.001). When the CXCR4 expression exceeded 75%, increased CXCR4 level could not promoted CC (OR 0.000, 95% CI 0.008-0.007; p=0.974).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased CXCR4 level in peripheral CD34+ cells was associated with GCC in patients with CTO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China. Electronic address: chunyangsuns@163.com.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenjin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Aiqun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C527276:CXCR4 protein, human; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4
keywords: CXCR4; Chronic total coronary occlusion; Coronary collateralization; Nested case–control study