title: Metabolic syndrome in relation to risk of meningioma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Meningioma is a frequent primary intracranial tumor, the etiology of which is potentially related to adiposity. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an increasingly common disease characterized by having at least three of the following conditions: central adiposity, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Only one prior study investigated MetS in relation to meningioma risk and found a positive association between the two.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 2,027 cases and 20,269 controls, body mass index was positively associated with meningioma (p-value for trend < 0.0001). Arterial hypertension was also associated with an increased risk of meningioma (OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.20- 1.49). By comparison, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, fasting serum glucose, and use of ACE-inhibitors, AT-II inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, calcium antagonists, nitrates, or statins were not associated with risk of meningioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a matched case-control analysis using data from the U.K.-based Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) to analyse medical conditions and treatments related to MetS in cases with meningioma and meningioma-free controls. We identified all cases with an incident diagnosis of meningioma between 1995 and 2015 and matched each to ten controls on age, sex, calendar time, general practice, and number of years of active history in the CPRD prior to the index date. Exposures were assessed using computerised records. We conducted conditional logistic regression analysis to determine relative risks, estimated as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for confounding factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obesity and arterial hypertension are positively associated with risk of meningioma. Further studies are needed to better understand potential underlying biologic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Corinna
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seliger
authors.affiliation: Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.|Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston University, MA, USA.|Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christoph R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.affiliation: Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston University, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Susan S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jick
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Proescholdt
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bogdahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hau
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Leitzmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D008579:Meningioma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: case-control study; epidemiology; meningioma; metabolic syndrome