title: Effect of 3 cements on white spot lesion formation after full-coverage rapid maxillary expander: A comparative in-vivo study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 3 luting agents (glass ionomer cement, compomer, and polycarboxylate cement) on white spot lesion formation in patients with full-coverage bonded acrylic splint expanders. White spot lesion formation was assessed with quantitative light-induced fluorescence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Full-coverage rapid maxillary expanders were cemented with glass ionomer cement, compomer, and polycarboxylate cement in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. A control group comprised patients who never had orthodontic treatment. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence images taken before and after rapid maxillary expansion treatment were analyzed for these parameters: the percentages of fluorescence loss with respect to the fluorescence of sound tooth tissue (ΔF) and maximum loss of fluorescence intensity in the whole lesion; lesion area with ΔF equal to less than a -5% threshold; and the percentage of fluorescence loss with respect to the fluorescence of sound tissue times the area that indicated lesion volume.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 3 groups showed statistically significantly greater demineralization than the control group. The 3 experimental groups differed from each other in half of the parameters calculated. Teeth in the polycarboxylate group developed the most white spot lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the highest rate of white spot lesion formation, polycarboxylate cements should not be used for full-coverage bonded acrylic splint expanders. Compomers may be preferred over glass ionomer cements, based on the findings of this study.
authors.affiliation: Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yagci
authors.affiliation: Research assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address: y.nur002@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yasemin Nur
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.affiliation: Prosthodontist, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yagci
authors.affiliation: Orthodontist, Osmanli Dental Center, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aykan Onur
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Atilla
authors.affiliation: Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey.
authors.forename: Suleyman Kutalmiş
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Buyuk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D020770:Compomers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005453:Fluorescence; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D020770:Compomers; D003738:Dental Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement