title: Osteoarthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: What are the links?
abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent joint disorder and one of the leading cause of disability. During a long time, it was considered as the consequence of aging and mechanical stress on cartilage. Recent advances in the knowledge of OA have highlighted that it is a whole joint disease with early modifications of synovium and subchondral bone but also that it is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome through systemic mechanisms. In the past year, type 2 diabetes has been described in two meta-analyzes as an independent risk factor for OA. In vivo models of diabetes corroborated epidemiological studies. Indeed, diabetic rodents display a spontaneous and a more severe experimental OA than their non-diabetic counterparts, which can be partially prevented by diabetes treatment (insulin, pioglitazone). The negative impact of diabetes on joints could be explain by the induction of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines but also by advanced age products accumulation in joint tissues exposed to chronic high glucose concentration. Insulin resistance might also impair joint tissue because of a local insulin resistance of diabetic synovial membrane but also by the systemic low grade inflammation state related to obesity and insulin resistant state.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), DHU i2B, Paris, France; Inserm UMR S_938, Sorbonne Universités Univ Paris 06, DHU i2B, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Courties
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), DHU i2B, Paris, France; Inserm UMR S_938, Sorbonne Universités Univ Paris 06, DHU i2B, Paris, France. Electronic address: Jeremie.sellam@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Jérémie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sellam
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Glucose; Metabolic syndrome; Osteoarthritis; Oxidative stress