title: Levulinic acid production by two-step acid-catalyzed treatment of Quercus mongolica using dilute sulfuric acid.
abstract: The objectives of this research were to produce a levulinic acid by two-step acid-catalyzed treatment of Quercus mongolica and to investigate the effect of treatment parameter (reaction temperature range: 100-230°C; sulfuric acid (SA) concentration range: 0-2%) on the levulinic acid yield. After 1ststep acid-catalyzed treatment, most of the hemicellulosic C5 sugars (15.6gg/100gbiomass) were released into the liquid hydrolysate at the reaction temperature of 150°C in 1% SA; the solid fraction, which contained 53.5% of the C6 sugars, was resistant to further loss of C6 sugars. Subsequently, 2ndstep acid-catalyzed treatment of the solid fractions was performed under more severe conditions. Finally, 16.5g/100g biomass of levulinic acid was produced at the reaction temperature of 200°C in 2% SA, corresponding to a higher conversion rate than during single-step treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hanseob
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Kyeong
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Young
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seon-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea; Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Weon
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: cingyu@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: In-Gyu
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007982:Levulinic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D029963:Quercus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007982:Levulinic Acids; D013464:Sulfuric Acids
keywords: Acid-catalyzed treatment; Levulinic acid; Lignocellulosic biomass; Quercus mongolica; Two-step treatment