title: Role of the HTLV-1 viral factors in the induction of apoptosis.
abstract: Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) are the two main diseases that are caused by the HTLV-1 virus. One of the features of HTLV-1 infection is its resistance against programmed cell death, which maintains the survival of cells to oncogenic transformation and underlies the viruses' therapeutic resistance. Two main genes by which the virus develops cancer are Tax and HBZ; playing an essential role in angiogenesis in regulating viral transcription and modulating multiple host factors as well as apoptosis pathways. Here we have reviewed by prior research how the apoptosis pathways are suppressed by the Tax and HBZ and new drugs which have been designed to deal with this suppression.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, International Branch (Aras), Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hemmatzadeh
authors.affiliation: Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Asadollah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: Rafatpanahh@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Houshang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rafatpanah
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: Behzad_im@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Behzad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baradaran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D016356:Gene Products, tax / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D015459:Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D015493:Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D016356:Gene Products, tax; C479751:HBZ protein, human T-cell leukemia virus type I; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; C514970:tax protein, Human T-lymphotrophic virus 1
keywords: Apoptosis; HBZ; HTLV-1; Tax