title: Brain region-specific effects of immobilization stress on cholinesterases in mice.
abstract: Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) variant AChERexpression increases with acute stress, and this persists for an extended period, although the timing, strain and laterality differences, have not been explored previously. Acute stress transiently increases acetylcholine release, which in turn may increase activity of cholinesterases. Also the AChE gene contains a glucocorticoid response element (GRE), and stress-inducible AChE transcription and activity changes are linked to increased glucocorticoid levels. Corticotropin-releasing hormone knockout (CRH-KO) mice have basal glucocorticoid levels similar to wild type (WT) mice, but much lower levels during stress. Hence we hypothesized that CRH is important for the cholinesterase stress responses, including butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). We used immobilization stress, acute (30 or 120 min) and repeated (120 min daily × 7) in 48 male mice (24 WT and 24 CRH-KO) and determined AChER, AChE and BChE mRNA expression and AChE and BChE activities in left and right brain areas (as cholinergic signaling shows laterality). Immobilization decreased BChE mRNA expression (right amygdala, to 0.5, 0.3 and 0.4, × control respectively) and AChERmRNA expression (to 0.5, 0.4 and 0.4, × control respectively). AChE mRNA expression increased (1.3, 1.4 and 1.8-fold, respectively) in the left striatum (Str). The AChE activity increased in left Str (after 30 min, 1.2-fold), decreased in right parietal cortex with repeated stress (to 0.5 × control). BChE activity decreased after 30 min in the right CA3 region (to 0.4 × control) but increased (3.8-fold) after 120 min in the left CA3 region. The pattern of changes in CRH-KO differed from that in WT mice.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valuskova
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Farar
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Janisova
authors.affiliation: c Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine , Comenius University , Bratislava , Slovakia.|d Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research and CENDO Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ondicova
authors.affiliation: d Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research and CENDO Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia.|e Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Comenius University , Bratislava , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mravec
authors.affiliation: d Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research and CENDO Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kvetnansky
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaromir
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myslivecek
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase
keywords: Acetylcholinesterase; amygdala; butyrylcholinesterase; laterality; stress; striatum