title: Anticancer activities of alkaloids extracted from theBa lotusseed in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 cells.
abstract: To investigate the anticancer activities of alkaloids from theBa lotusseed (BLSA) in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) CNE-1 cells, an MTT assay, flow cytometry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed. BLSA was found to significantly reduce CNE-1 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner at all concentrations compared with the control (P<0.05). In addition, flow cytometry analysis identified that BLSA treatment significantly increased the sub-G1 content in CNE-1 cells (P<0.05). Following BLSA treatment, the mRNA and protein levels of a number of apoptosis-related factors, such as caspase family members (caspase-3, -8 and -9), B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated X protein, Fas and Fas ligand were significantly increased compared with the control (P<0.05). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-extra large protein expression compared with the control (P<0.05). Furthermore, BLSA treatment was determined to modulate CNE-1 cell expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and NF-κB inhibitor α. The results of the present study indicate that BLSA has anticancer activity through inducing cellular apoptosis. In addition, these results suggest that BLSA can be used as a therapeutic agent in NPC.
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for The Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Enterprise Engineering Research Center of Ba-lotus Breeding and Deep Processing, Chongqing 400041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Deguang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for The Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for The Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guijie
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lianjie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jia-Le
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Song
keywords: Ba lotus seed; CNE-1; alkaloids; apoptosis; caspase family; human nasopharyngeal carcinoma