title: [Neurosarcoidosis: Diagnosis and therapeutic issues].
abstract: Neurological localizations of sarcoidosis are heterogeneous and may affect virtually every part of the central or peripheral nervous system. They are often the inaugural manifestation of sarcoidosis. The diagnosis may be difficult due to the lack of extra-neurological localization. Diagnosis may be discussed in the presence of an inflammatory neurological disease, in particular in case of suggestive radiological or biological pattern. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis shows lymphocytic pleiocytosis, often with low glucose level. The diagnosis relies on a clinical, biological and radiological presentation consistent with neurosarcoidosis, the presence of non-caseating granuloma and exclusion of differential diagnoses. Screening for other localizations of sarcoidosis, in particular cardiac disease may be obtained during neurosarcoidosis. The treatment of neurosarcoidosis relies on corticosteroids although immunosuppressive drugs are usually added because of the chronic course of this condition and to limit the side effects of steroids. Treatments and follow-up may be prolonged because of the high rate of relapses.
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne 2, institut e3M, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France; Université Paris VI, Sorbonnes universités, 75013 Paris, France. Electronic address: fleur.cohen@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cohen Aubart
authors.affiliation: Université Paris VI, Sorbonnes universités, 75013 Paris, France; Service de neuroradiologie, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Galanaud
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne 2, institut e3M, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France; Université Paris VI, Sorbonnes universités, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haroche
authors.affiliation: Service de neurologie, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Psimaras
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne 2, institut e3M, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mathian
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne 2, institut e3M, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hié
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne 2, institut e3M, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le-Thi Huong Boutin
authors.affiliation: Service d'anatomo-pathologie, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Charlotte
authors.affiliation: Fédération des maladies du système nerveux, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maillart
authors.affiliation: Départements de neurophysiologie et neuropathologie, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maisonobe
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne 2, institut e3M, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France; Université Paris VI, Sorbonnes universités, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Amoura
mesh_terms: D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: Antagonistes du TNFα; Corticosteroids; Corticostéroïdes; Granulomas; Granulome; Immunosuppresseurs; Immunosuppressive drugs; Neurosarcoidosis; Neurosarcoïdose; Sarcoidosis; Sarcoïdose; TNFα antagonists