title: Strategies for Carbon and Sulfur Tolerant Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials, Incorporating Lessons from Heterogeneous Catalysis.
abstract: Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a rapidly emerging energy technology for a low carbon world, providing high efficiency, potential to use carbonaceous fuels, and compatibility with carbon capture and storage. However, current state-of-the-art materials have low tolerance to sulfur, a common contaminant of many fuels, and are vulnerable to deactivation due to carbon deposition when using carbon-containing compounds. In this review, we first study the theoretical basis behind carbon and sulfur poisoning, before examining the strategies toward carbon and sulfur tolerance used so far in the SOFC literature. We then study the more extensive relevant heterogeneous catalysis literature for strategies and materials which could be incorporated into carbon and sulfur tolerant fuel cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boldrin
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Trejo
authors.affiliation: The Boeing Company , 5301 Bolsa Ave., Huntington Beach, CA 92647, United States.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mermelstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: José Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bermúdez Menéndez
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tomás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ramı Rez Reina
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nigel P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Brandon