title: Population-Based Screening for Selective Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Deficiency in Lithuanian Children Using a Rapid Antibody-Based Fingertip Test.
abstract: BACKGROUND Selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency is the most common inherited immunodeficiency disorder worldwide. An early diagnosis is advocated because of the increased risk of infections, autoimmune diseases, and allergic reactions. We investigated the usefulness of a rapid point-of-care test in detecting for IgA deficiency in a population with a previously unknown prevalence. MATERIAL AND METHODS Altogether, 1000 children aged 11-13 years from randomly selected Lithuanian schools were enrolled. A point-of-care test with a fingertip sample was used to screen for the presence of IgA deficiency in children whose parents gave consent. Those with suspected IgA deficiency were referred to hospital for further clinical examination and confirmation of the diagnosis. In addition, their medical histories were compared with those of 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS IgA deficiency was suspected in one girl and in three boys on the basis of the rapid test, and the diagnosis was confirmed for all four cases (prevalence 0.4%, 95% confidence interval 0.16-1.02%). There was no difference in disease history or complications between IgA-deficient children and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS The rapid antibody test is a practical and accurate method to diagnose selective IgA deficiency in children. The prevalence of IgA deficiency among Lithuanian schoolchildren is 1:250.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.|Children's Hospital, Vilnius University Hospital, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Vaidotas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Urbonas
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Jolita
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sadauskaite
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.|Children's Hospital, Vilnius University Hospital, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Rimante
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cerkauskiene
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Arvydas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaminskas
authors.affiliation: Tampere Centre for Child Health Research, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mäki
authors.affiliation: Tampere Centre for Child Health Research, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Kalle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurppa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017098:IgA Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood*; D008097:Lithuania / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D000067716:Point-of-Care Testing; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A