title: PPARβ/δ in human cancer.
abstract: The nuclear receptor factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARβ/δ) can regulate its target genes by transcriptional activation or repression through both ligand-dependent and independent mechanism as well as by interactions with other transcription factors. PPARβ/δ exerts essential regulatory functions in intermediary metabolism that have been elucidated in detail, but clearly also plays a role in inflammation, differentiation, apoptosis and other cancer-associated processes, which is, however, mechanistically only partly understood. Consistent with these functions clinical associations link the expression of PPARβ/δ and its target genes to an unfavorable outcome of several human cancers. However, the available data do not yield a clear picture of PPARβ/δ's role in cancer-associated processes and are in fact partly controversial. This article provides an overview of this research area and discusses the role of PPARβ/δ in cancer in light of the complex mechanisms of its transcriptional regulation and its potential as a druggable anti-cancer target.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: rmueller@imt.uni-marburg.de.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D048068:PPAR-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D000081382:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D042682:Angiopoietins; D008024:Ligands; D047494:PPAR delta; D048068:PPAR-beta; D000081382:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C118117:angiopoietin 4; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
keywords: Breast cancer; Lung cancer; Ovarian cancer; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ; Transcriptional regulation