title: Effects of hemin, CO2, and pH on the branching of Candida albicans filamentous forms.
abstract: Morphological transitions of wild-type and oxidative stress-tolerant Candida albicans strains were followed in the RPMI-FBS culture medium at pH values and CO2levels characteristic for the anatomical niches inhabited by this opportunistic human pathogen fungus, including the oral cavity as well as the intestinal and vaginal lumens. Selected cultures were also supplemented with hemin modeling bleedings. Germination as well as elongation and branching of hyphae were monitored in the cultures using time-lapse video microscopy. Unexpectedly, branching time, which is defined as the time taken until the first branch of hypha emerges for the first time after germination, correlated well with alterations in the environmental conditions meanwhile no such correlations were found for germination time (time lasted until the appearance of the germination tube). Based on these observations, hypotheses were set up to estimate the significance of branching time in the pathogenesis of both superficial and systemic candidiases.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Ágnes
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Jakab
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Eszterházy Károly University , Eger, Hungary.
authors.forename: Károly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Antal
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emri
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Boczonádi
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imre
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Enikő
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gebri
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Majoros
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.|5 Postdoctoral Research Programme, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA) , Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Walter Péter
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Pfliegler
authors.affiliation: 6 VITROLINK Biotechnological Researching, Development, Servicing and Trading Limited Liability Company , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Máté
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szarka
authors.affiliation: 7 Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.|8 Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Balla
authors.affiliation: 8 Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Debrecen, Hungary.|9 Department of Nephrology, Institute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balla
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pócsi
mesh_terms: D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006427:Hemin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D006427:Hemin
keywords: Candida albicans; hemin; hyphal branching; morphological transitions; time-lapse video microscopy