title: Evaluation of an outpatient protocol in the treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare 2 treatment protocols (standard in-hospital versus modified outpatient) in affecting the duration of treatment or survival of dogs with parvoviral enteritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Client-owned dogs with naturally acquired parvovirus were randomized to receive either an inpatient (n = 20) or outpatient (n = 20) treatment protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both groups received intravenous (IV) fluid resuscitation and correction of hypoglycemia at hospital admission. Following stabilization, basic inpatient interventions included administration of IV fluids, administration of cefoxitin (22 mg/kg IV q 8 h), and maropitant (1 mg/kg IV q 24 h). Basic outpatient interventions (provided in-hospital) included administration of subcutaneous (SC) fluid (30 mL/kg q 6 h), administration of maropitant (1 mg/kg SC q 24 h) and cefovecin (8 mg/kg SC once). Using daily electrolyte and glucose evaluations, dextrose and potassium supplementation was provided intravenously (inpatients) or orally (outpatients) as indicated. Rescue criteria were used in both groups for analgesia and nausea. All dogs were syringe fed a commercial canine convalescence diet (1 mL/kg PO q 6 h) until voluntary appetite returned.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Protocol success, defined as survival to hospital discharge, was 90% (18/20) for the inpatient group compared to 80% (16/20) for the outpatient group (P = 0.66). There was no difference detected in duration of hospitalization for inpatient dogs (4.6 ± 2 days) versus outpatient dogs (3.8 ± 1.8 days, P = 0.20). Metabolic disturbances were frequent in the outpatient group, with 50% of dogs requiring dextrose supplementation and 60% of dogs requiring potassium supplementation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An outpatient protocol may be a reasonable alternative for dogs that cannot receive standard in-hospital treatment for parvoviral enteritis. Diligent supportive care and monitoring are still required to optimize treatment of dogs with parvoviral enteritis in an outpatient setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523.
authors.forename: Emilee C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Venn
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Preisner
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523.
authors.forename: Pedro L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Boscan
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Twedt
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523.
authors.forename: Lauren A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care; D000818:Animals; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004751:Enteritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D006760:Hospitalization; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D017993:Parvovirus, Canine / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014218:Triage
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000998:Antiviral Agents
keywords: cefovecin; maropitant; outpatient