title: Licheniocin 50.2 and Bacteriocins from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis BGBU1-4 Inhibit Biofilms of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci and Listeria monocytogenes Clinical Isolates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) and Listeria monocytogenes have important roles in pathogenesis of various genital tract infections and fatal foetomaternal infections, respectively. The aim of our study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of two novel bacteriocins on biofilms of CoNS and L. monocytogenes genital isolates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of licheniocin 50.2 from Bacillus licheniformis VPS50.2 and crude extract of bacteriocins produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis BGBU1-4 (BGBU1-4 crude extract) were evaluated on biofilm formation and formed biofilms of eight CoNS (four S. epidermidis, two S. hominis, one S. lugdunensis and one S. haemolyticus) and 12 L. monocytogenes genital isolates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Licheniocin 50.2 and BGBU1-4 crude extract inhibited the growth of both CoNS and L. monocytogenes isolates, with MIC values in the range between 200-400 AU/ml for licheniocin 50.2 and 400-3200 AU/ml for BGBU1-4 crude extract. Subinhibitory concentrations (1/2 × and 1/4 × MIC) of licheniocin 50.2 inhibited biofilm formation by all CoNS isolates (p < 0.05, respectively), while BGBU1-4 crude extract inhibited biofilm formation by all L. monocytogenes isolates (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Both bacteriocins in concentrations of 100 AU/mL and 200 AU/mL reduced the amount of 24 h old CoNS and L. monocytogenes biofilms (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that novel bacteriocins have potential to be used for genital application, to prevent biofilm formation and/or to eradicate formed biofilms, and consequently reduce genital and neonatal infections by CoNS and L. monocytogenes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cirkovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragana D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Bozic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Veselin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Draganic
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.|Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lozo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beric
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kojic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arsic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garalejic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Slobodanka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Djukic
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Slavisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stankovic
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069976:Bacillus licheniformis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D013294:Lactococcus lactis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D041162:Staphylococcus haemolyticus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D041181:Staphylococcus hominis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D057787:Staphylococcus lugdunensis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins; C000621315:licheniocin 50.2, Lactococcus lactis