title: Mannose Receptor Mediates the Immune Response to Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharides in Macrophages.
abstract: The ability of mannose receptor (MR) to recognize the carbohydrate structures is well-established. Here, we reported that MR was crucial for the immune response to a Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1), as evidenced by elevation of MR in association with increase of phagocytosis and concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in normal macrophages. Elevation of MR triggered by PSG-1 also led to control lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammatory response via the increase of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and inhibition of phagocytosis and IL-1β. Anti-MR antibody partly attenuated PSG-1-mediated anti-inflammatory responses, while it could not affect TNF-α secretion, suggesting that another receptor was involved in PSG-1-triggered immunomodulatory effects. MR and toll-like receptor (TLR)4 coordinated the influences on the TLR4-mediated signaling cascade by the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophages subjected to PSG-1. Collectively, immune response to PSG-1 required recognition by MR in macrophages. The NF-κB pathway served as a central role for the coordination of MR and TLR4 to elicit immune response to PSG-1.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-Juan
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xue
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Shuai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Jia
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Le-Feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Liberation Army No. 94 Hospital , 1028 Jinggangshan Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shao-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ming-Yong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3004-7638
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032902:Ganoderma / Q000737:chemistry*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Ganoderma atrum polysaccharides; NF-κB signaling pathway; macrophage; mannose receptor; toll-like receptors