title: Enhancing bioactive properties of silk fibroin with diatom particles for bone tissue engineering applications.
abstract: Many studies have highlighted the role of silicon in human bone formation and maintenance. Silicon, in fact, is considered to nucleate the precipitation of hydroxyapatite and to reduce the bone resorption. For this reason, we have combined silk fibroin (SF) with silicon-releasing diatom particles (DPs), as potential material for bone tissue engineering applications. Sponges of fibroin loaded with different amounts and sizes of DPs were prepared by solvent casting-particulate leaching method, and their morphology, porosity and mechanical properties were evaluated. The biological effect of diatom addition was assessed on human osteosarcoma cell line MG63, a suitable osteoblast-like model, through cell adhesion, metabolic activity and proliferation assays. In addition, alkaline phosphatase activity, osterix and collagen type I production in MG63 cell line were assessed as markers of early bone formation to demonstrate a pro-mineralization potential of scaffolds. Results of the studies showed that addition to fibroin of diatoms particles improved the osteogenic properties of osteoblast-like cells compared with the pure SF. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Thi Duy Hanh
authors.initials: TDH
authors.lastname: Le
authors.affiliation: BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Volha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Liaudanskaya
authors.affiliation: BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.|INSTM, Trento Research Unit, Interuniversity Consortium for Science and Technology of Materials, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bonani
authors.affiliation: BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.|INSTM, Trento Research Unit, Interuniversity Consortium for Science and Technology of Materials, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Migliaresi
authors.affiliation: BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.|INSTM, Trento Research Unit, Interuniversity Consortium for Science and Technology of Materials, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Motta
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D017377:Diatoms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005349:Fibroins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005349:Fibroins; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: bone regeneration; diatom particles; mineralization; silicon; silicon donor