title: Micro-Raman spectroscopic study of thyroid tissues.
abstract: Thyroid carcinomas are the most common endocrine malignancy. Inconclusive results for the analysis of malignancies are an issue in the diagnosis of thyroid carcinomas; 20% of thyroid cancer diagnoses are indeterminate or suspicious, resulting in a surgical procedure without immediate need. The use of Raman spectroscopy may help improve the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. In this study, 30 thyroid samples, including normal thyroid, goiter and thyroid cancer, were analyzed by confocal Raman spectroscopy. Principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with cross validation and binary logistic regression (BLR) analysis were applied to discriminate among tissues. Significant discrimination was observed, with a consistent rate of concordant pairs of 89.2% for normal thyroid versus cancer, 85.7% for goiter versus cancer and 80.6% for normal thyroid versus goiter using just the amide III region. Raman spectroscopy was thus proven to be an important and fast tool for the diagnosis of thyroid tissues. The spectral region of 1200-1400cm-1discriminated normal versus goiter tissues despite the great similarity of these tissues.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, Institute for Research and Development (IP&D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (UniVap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, 12244-000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Lázaro Pinto
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Medeiros Neto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, Institute for Research and Development (IP&D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (UniVap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, 12244-000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis Felipe
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: das Chagas E Silva de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, Institute for Research and Development (IP&D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (UniVap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, 12244-000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Laurita Dos
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, Institute for Research and Development (IP&D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (UniVap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, 12244-000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudio Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tellez Soto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, Institute for Research and Development (IP&D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (UniVap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, 12244-000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Azevedo Canevari
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, Divisão de Anatomia Patológica, Cerqueira Cesar, 05403000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: André Bandiera
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Santos
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, Divisão de Anatomia Patológica, Cerqueira Cesar, 05403000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Evandro Sobroza
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, Divisão de Anatomia Patológica, Cerqueira Cesar, 05403000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina Aparecida
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, Divisão de Anatomia Patológica, Cerqueira Cesar, 05403000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudio Roberto
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cernea
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, Divisão de Anatomia Patológica, Cerqueira Cesar, 05403000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Lenine Garcia
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Piauí - UFPI - Campus Ministro Petrônio PortellaDepartamento de Física - CCNBairro Ininga Teresina, PI, CEP: 64049-550, Brazil. Electronic address: amartin@univap.br.
authors.forename: Aírton Abrahão
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D006042:Goiter / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Follicular thyroid cancer; Goiter; Papillary thyroid cancer; Raman spectroscopy; Thyroid