title: Four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography with auxiliary hydrogen peroxide examination for the diagnosis of fallopian tube patency following interventional treatment of ovarian ectopic cysts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to explore the practical value of using four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography with auxiliary hydrogen peroxide examination which is necessary for the diagnosis of fallopian tube patency following treatment of ovarian ectopic cysts.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of hysterosalpingography (HSG) examination data from 71 patients who had received sonography-guided interventional treatment for ovarian ectopic cysts at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University was carried out. The 71 cases were divided into three groups. Four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (4D-HyCoSy) with the contrast agent SonoVue was carried out in the first group (4D-HyCoSy group), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) examinations were carried out in the second group (H2O2group), and the final group consisted of patients who underwent 4D-HyCoSy followed by an auxiliary H2O2examination where necessary (4D-HyCoSy/H2O2group). Results of these examinations were then compared to those of a standard HSG examination using lipiodol radiography that had been carried out a month beforehand.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) The rates of diagnostic accordance with standard HSG examination results for the 4D-HyCoSy, H2O2, and 4D-HyCoSy/H2O2groups were 86.9, 70.5 and 91.8% respectively. The H2O2group accordance rate was significantly lower than that of the other two groups (p < 0.05). (2) Compared to the tubal patency results of the standard HSG examination, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and Youden index of the 4D-HyCoSy group were 83.3, 89.3, 83.3, 89.3, and 0.73% respectively. For the H2O2group, these values were 66.7, 73.9, 70, 70.8, and 0.41%, respectively, and for the 4D-HyCoSy/H2O2group were 90, 93.5, 90, 93.5, and 0.84%, respectively. All of these values were significantly higher in the 4D-HyCoSy/H2O2group than in the other two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use 4D-HyCoSy with auxiliary H2O2examination for the diagnosis of tubal patency is safe, non-invasive, and easy to carry out. It can also improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of 4D-HyCoSy and H2O2examinations used on their own.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Dejiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China. dongxq0451@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoqiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Zihan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003287:Contrast Media; D005186:Fallopian Tube Patency Tests / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007047:Hysterosalpingography / Q000379:methods*; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography; Hydrogen peroxide; Hysterosalpingography; Ovarian ectopic cysts; SonoVue