title: Atrial conduction times and left atrial mechanical functions and their relation with diastolic function in prediabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate atrial conduction times and left atrial mechanical functions, the noninvasive predictors of atrial fibrillation, in prediabetic patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Study included 59 patients (23 males, 36 females; mean age 52.5 ± 10.6 years) diagnosed with IFG or IGT by the American Diabetes Association criteria, and 43 healthy adults (22 males, 21 females; mean age 48.5 ± 12.1 years). Conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography were performed. The electromechanical delay parameters were measured from the onset of the P wave on the surface electrocardiogram to the onset of the atrial systolic wave on tissue Doppler imaging from septum, lateral, and right ventricular annuli. The left atrial volumes were calculated by the disk method. Left atrial mechanical functions were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mitral E/A and E'/A' ratios measured from the lateral and septal annuli were significantly lower in the prediabetics compared to the controls. The interatrial and left atrial electromechanical delay were significantly longer in prediabetic group compared to the controls. Left atrial active emptying volume (LAAEV) and fraction (LAAEF) were significantly higher in the prediabetics than the controls. LAAEV and LAAEF were significantly correlated with E/A, lateral and septal E'/A'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the prediabetic patients, the atrial conduction times and P wave dispersion on surface electrocardiographic were longer before the development of overt diabetes. In addition, the left atrial mechanical functions were impaired secondary to a deterioration in the diastolic functions in the prediabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Bulent Ecevit University, School of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Naile Eris
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Gudul
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Bulent Ecevit University, School of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Turgut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karabag
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Bulent Ecevit University, School of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Muhammet Rasit
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sayin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Bulent Ecevit University, School of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bayraktaroglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Bulent Ecevit University, School of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aydin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016279:Atrial Function, Left; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003971:Diastole; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Diastolic function; Electromechanical delay; Left atrial mechanical function; Prediabetic state