title: Clinical Features of Brain Metastases in Small Cell Lung Cancer: an Implication for Hippocampal Sparing Whole Brain Radiation Therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical features and distribution of brain metastases (BMs) of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in the hippocampal and perihippocampal region, with the purpose of exploring the viability of hippocampal-sparing whole-brain radiation therapy (HS-WBRT) on reducing neurocognitive deficits.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective analysis of the clinical characteristics and patterns of BMs in patients with SCLC. Associations between the clinical characteristics and hippocampal metastases (HMs)/perihippocampal metastases (PHMs) were evaluated in univariate and multivariate regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1594 brain metastatic lesions were identified in 180 patients. Thirty-two (17.8%) patients were diagnosed with BMs at the time of primary SCLC diagnosis. The median interval between diagnosis of primary SCLC and BMs was 9.3 months. There were 9 (5.0%) and 22 (12.2%) patients with HMs and PHMs (patients with BMs located in or within 5 mm around the hippocampus), respectively. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, the number of BMs was the risk factor for HMs and PHMs. Patients with BMs≥5 had significantly higher risk of HMs (odds ratio [OR] 7.892, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.469-42.404, P=.016), and patients with BMs≥7 had significantly higher risk of PHMs (OR 5.162, 95% CI 2.017-13.213, P=.001). Patients with extracranial metastases are also associated with HMs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that patients with nonoligometastatic disease are significantly associated with HMs and PHMs. The incidence of PHMs may be acceptably low enough to perform HS-WBRT for SCLC. Our findings provide valuable clinical data to assess the benefit of HS-WBRT in SCLC patients with BMs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-Long
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhanshengquan@126.com.
authors.forename: Sheng-Quan
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: unowu12345@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: San-Gang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Wu