title: In vitrosensitivity pattern of chloroquine and artemisinin inPlasmodium falciparum.
abstract: Artemisinin (ART) and its derivatives form the mainstay of antimalarial therapy. Emergence of resistance to them poses a potential threat to future malaria control and elimination on a global level. It is important to know the mechanism of action of drug and development of drug resistance. We put forwards probable correlation between the mode of action of chloroquine (CQ) and ART. Modified trophozoite maturation inhibition assay, WHO Mark III assay and molecular marker study for CQ resistance at K76T codon in Plasmodium falciparum CQ-resistant transporter gene were carried out on cultured P. falciparum. On comparing trophozoite and schizont growth for both CQ-sensitive (MRC-2) and CQ-resistant (RKL-9) culture isolates, it was observed that the clearance of trophozoites and schizonts was similar with both drugs. The experiment supports that CQ interferes with heme detoxification pathway in food vacuoles of parasite, and this may be correlated as one of the plausible mechanisms of ART.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Supriya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Kamlesh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaitholia
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Neelima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Bina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Neena
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Valecha
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Anupkumar R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Anvikar
mesh_terms: D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D052939:Schizonts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D053058:Trophozoites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D002738:Chloroquine; C031327:artemisinin