title: Trace element biomonitoring in hair of school children from a polluted area by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
abstract: In the current study, a biomonitoring of 18 hair trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, V, Zn, Ca, Na and P) in school children from Leningradskaya Oblast' is reported. A case group, residing in a proximity to the toxic waste disposal grounds (Krasniy Bor), has been assessed vs. controls from a non-urban settlement Seltso. In total, 166 hair samples were analysed using double focusing sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after microwave-assisted sample digestion with nitric acid. For the determination of Ca, Na and P inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry was employed. For the validation, a reference material and spiked hair samples were analysed. The data obtained was processed using parametric statistics and factor analysis. Determined concentrations of trace elements were in agreement with the previously published results on chemically polluted areas. In the case group, linear correlations between Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and V were observed. Also, these metals correlated to selenium hair content in the case group. Additionally, a correlation between hair Se and P was observed in the case subjects. Several gender differences in trace content were observed within each group. However, no age- or body index-related difference was found. The obtained results show that closely located waste disposal grounds intensifies trace element exposure in school children of Krasniy Bor. However, judging from rather high values for the controls, total environmental status of the region seems to be unstable, so additional monitoring and chemical safety measures are required.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Toxicology of Federal Medico-Biological Agency, 192019 St. Petersburg, ul. Bekhtereva, 1, Russia.
authors.forename: Evgenii J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Drobyshev
authors.affiliation: St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, Russia. Electronic address: n.solovyev@spbu.ru.
authors.forename: Nikolay D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Solovyev
authors.affiliation: Institute of Toxicology of Federal Medico-Biological Agency, 192019 St. Petersburg, ul. Bekhtereva, 1, Russia; St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, Russia.
authors.forename: Natalya B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Ivanenko
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency, 188663, Leningradskaya Oblast', Vsevolozhskiy District, Kuz'molovskiy, Kapitolovo, 93, Russia.
authors.forename: Maria Yu
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kombarova
authors.affiliation: St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ganeev
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008872:Microwaves; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: Biomonitoring; Hair; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Metal pollution; Microwave-assisted digestion; Waste disposal