title: Nutraceutical Supplements in the Management and Prevention of Osteoarthritis.
abstract: Nutraceuticals are dietary compounds which have a role in the balance of anabolic and catabolic signals in joints. Their regulatory function on homeostasis of cartilage metabolism nutraceuticals is increasingly considered for the management and, above all, the prevention of osteoarthritis (OA). OA is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage and synovium inflammation that can cause joint stiffness, swelling, pain, and loss of mobility. It is a multifactorial disease and, due to the great percentage of people suffering from it and the general increase in life expectancy, OA is considered as one of the most significant causes of disability in the world. OA impairs the structural integrity of articular cartilage that greatly depends on a balance between the anabolic and catabolic processes which occur in chondrocytes and synovial fluid of the joints, therefore the integration with nutraceutical compounds in diet increases the treatment options for patients with established OA beyond traditional rehabilitation, medications, and surgical strategies. In our review, with respect to the current literature, we highlight some of many existing nutraceutical compounds that could be used as integrators in a daily diet thanks to their easy availability, such as in olive oil, fish oil, and botanical extracts used as non-pharmacologic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy. pacastro@unict.it.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Castrogiovanni
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy. trovatofrancesca@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Francesca Maria
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Trovato
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy. carla.loreto@unict.it.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loreto
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Plant Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedreya, University of Carthage, Carthage 2050, Tunisia. houda.nsir@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Houda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nsir
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy. marta.sz@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Marta Anna
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Szychlinska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy. g.musumeci@unict.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Musumeci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: diet; nutraceuticals; osteoarthritis; prevention