title: The role of electrical and jasmonate signalling in the recognition of captured prey in the carnivorous sundew plant Drosera capensis.
abstract: The carnivorous sundew plant (Drosera capensis) captures prey using sticky tentacles. We investigated the tentacle and trap reactions in response to the electrical and jasmonate signalling evoked by different stimuli to reveal how carnivorous sundews recognize digestible captured prey in their traps. We measured the electrical signals, phytohormone concentration, enzyme activities and Chla fluorescence in response to mechanical stimulation, wounding or insect feeding in local and systemic traps. Seven new proteins in the digestive fluid were identified using mass spectrometry. Mechanical stimuli and live prey induced a fast, localized tentacle-bending reaction and enzyme secretion at the place of application. By contrast, repeated wounding induced a nonlocalized convulsive tentacle movement and enzyme secretion in local but also in distant systemic traps. These differences can be explained in terms of the electrical signal propagation and jasmonate accumulation, which also had a significant impact on the photosynthesis in the traps. The electrical signals generated in response to wounding could partially mimic a mechanical stimulation of struggling prey and might trigger a false alarm, confirming that the botanical carnivory and plant defence mechanisms are related. To trigger the full enzyme activity, the traps must detect chemical stimuli from the captured prey.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, Ilkovi?ova 6, Bratislava, SK-842 15, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krausko
authors.affiliation: Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zdeněk
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Perutka
authors.affiliation: Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Šebela
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Šamajová
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Šamaj
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR and Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondřej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Novák
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, Ilkovi?ova 6, Bratislava, SK-842 15, Slovakia.|Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University , Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Andrej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavlovič
mesh_terms: D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D029787:Drosera / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D008954:Models, Biological; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism*; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; C011006:jasmonic acid
keywords: 
  Drosera
  ; action potential; carnivorous plant; electrical signal; enzymes; jasmonates; long-distance signalling; sundew