title: Relationship between Salivary Oxytocin Levels and Generosity in Preschoolers.
abstract: This study examined the association between salivary oxytocin (sOT) levels and generosity in preschoolers. Fifty preschoolers played two dictator games (DG) by deciding how to allocate 10 chocolates between themselves and another child, who was either from the same class as the participant (ingroup member), or an unknown child from another class (outgroup member). sOT levels were assessed in saliva collected from the children immediately prior to the DG tasks. While sOT levels were negatively associated with allocations made to both ingroup and outgroup members by boys, among girl sOT levels were positively related to allocations made to ingroup members, and unrelated to allocations made to outgroup members. These results suggest sex differences in the association between salivary oxytocin and generosity.
authors.affiliation: Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of William &Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schug
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Brain Sciences, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Kuniyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 7, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.
authors.forename: Taiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takagishi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006728:Hormones; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012919:Social Behavior
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D010121:Oxytocin