title: Molecular epidemiology of SPM-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa by rep-PCR in hospitals in Parana, Brazil.
abstract: Infections caused by multidrug resistant microorganisms are a global health problem, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial pathogen, easily disseminated in the hospital environment. The aim of this study was to determine SPM-1 in P. aeruginosa strains in 30 Brazilian hospitals and the genetic similarity of isolates.
  
  
  
  We analyzed 161 isolates of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa. Imipenem/EDTA and imipenem strip were used for phenotypic detection of MBL production; and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genetic detection. Genetic similarity was determined by rep-PCR.
  
  
  
  We obtained 136/161 (84.5%) isolates with positive phenotypic result for metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) and the blaSPM-1gene was identified in 41 isolates. There was a predominant profile (>95% of genetic similarity) in 92.7% of isolates. This predominant profile was widely disseminated in Paraná state.
  
  
  
  SPM-1 is the main MBL identified in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa in Southern Brazil. The genetic similarity among some isolates suggests a clonal expansion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Kalluf
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Section, Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado LACEN, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Arend
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Wuicik
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pilonetto
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Division of Infectious Diseases, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: flptuon@gmail.com.
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Tuon
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002999:Clone Cells; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D015870:Gene Expression; D005838:Genotype; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015780:Carbapenems; C476155:beta-lactamase SPM-1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: Metallo-beta-lactamase; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; SPM-1; rep-PCR