title: A flexible and miniaturized hair dye based photodetector via chemiluminescence pathway.
abstract: A flexible and miniaturized metal semiconductor metal (MSM) biomolecular photodetector was developed as the core photocurrent system through chemiluminescence for hydrogen peroxide sensing. The flexible photocurrent sensing system was manufactured on a 30-µm-thick crystalline silicon chip by chemical etching process, which produced a flexible silicon chip. A surface texturization design on the flexible device enhanced the light-trapping effect and minimized reflectivity losses from the incident light. The model protein streptavidin bound to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was successfully immobilized onto the sensor surface through high-affinity conjugation with biotin. The luminescence reaction occurred with luminol, hydrogen peroxide and HRP enzyme, and the emission of light from the catalytic reaction was detected by underlying flexible photodetector. The chemiluminescence in the miniaturized photocurrent sensing system was successfully used to determine the hydrogen peroxide concentration in real-time analyses. The hydrogen peroxide detection limit of the flexible MSM photodetector was 2.47mM. The performance of the flexible MSM photodetector maintained high stability under bending at various bending radii. Moreover, for concave bending, a significant improvement in detection signal intensity (14.5% enhancement compared with a flat configuration) was observed because of the increased photocurrent, which was attributed to enhancement of light trapping. Additionally, this detector was used to detect hydrogen peroxide concentrations in commercial hair dye products, which is a significant issue in the healthcare field. The development of this novel, flexible and miniaturized MSM biomolecular photodetector with excellent mechanical flexibility and high sensitivity demonstrates the applicability of this approach to future wearable sensor development efforts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Da-Shiuan
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Tso
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chieh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Hsien
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. Electronic address: fhko@mail.nctu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Fu-Hsiang
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Ko
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D006202:Hair Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D049449:Luminescence; D008165:Luminol / Q000737:chemistry; D012666:Semiconductors
chemical_list: D006202:Hair Dyes; D008165:Luminol; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase
keywords: Chemiluminescence; Flexible; Hair dye sensor; Hydrogen peroxide; MSM photodetector