title: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Polymorphisms Have Protective Effect against the Development of Tendinopathy in Volleyball Athletes.
abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate whether genetic variants in VEGF and KDR genes can be correlated with susceptibility of tendinopathy in volleyball athletes. This study was conducted at the Brazilian Volleyball Federation, and comprised 179 volleyball athletes: 88 had a confirmed diagnosis of tendinopathy (cases), whereas 91 had no evidence of the disease (controls). The VEGF (-2578C>A, -460T>C and +936C>T) and KDR (-604C>T, 1192G>A and 1719T>A) polymorphisms were determined by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction. The odds ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using an unconditional logistic regression model. The evaluation of demographic and clinical characteristics revealed the athlete age (P < 0.001), years of practice in volleyball (P < 0.001) and presence of pain (P = 0.001) were risk factors for tendinopathy. KDR 1192 GA and GA + AA genotypes were associated with lower risk of tendinopathy (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.19-0.88 and OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.23-0.98, respectively). The KDR (-604C>T, 1192G>A and 1719T>A) haplotypes CGA and CAT were associated with decreased tendinopathy risk (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.21-0.99 and OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.07-0.76, respectively). With regards to pain, traumatic lesion and away from training due to injury, VEGF and KDR polymorphisms were not associated with clinical symptoms complaints. The present results provide evidence that the KDR polymorphisms were associated with development of tendinopathy, and can contribute to identify new therapeutic targets or personalized training programs to avoid tendinopathy development in athletes.
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.|Federation International de Volleyball (FIVB)-Coach Commission, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: José Inácio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria Eugenia Leite
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: João Matheus
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.|Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: Lucas Rafael
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vilarinho Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: Diego Pinheiro
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Volleyball Federation, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: João Olyntho
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Machado Neto
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: Daniel Escorsim
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.|Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: Jamila Alessandra
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Perini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000235:genetics*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D054798:Volleyball; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2