title: Aquaporins in the Spinal Cord.
abstract: Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channel proteins robustly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). A number of previous studies described the cellular expression sites and investigated their major roles and function in the brain and spinal cord. Among thirteen different mammalian AQPs, AQP1 and AQP4 have been mainly studied in the CNS and evidence has been presented that they play important roles in the pathogenesis of CNS injury, edema and multiple diseases such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, glioblastoma multiforme, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The objective of this review is to highlight the current knowledge about AQPs in the spinal cord and their proposed roles in pathophysiology and pathogenesis related to spinal cord lesions and injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark. mko@hst.aau.dk.
authors.forename: Michal K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Oklinski
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-752 Olsztyn, Poland. skowron@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Mariusz T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Skowronski
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Physiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-752 Olsztyn, Poland. agnieszka.skowronska@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skowronska
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark. miru@hst.aau.dk.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rützler
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark. kj12@student.aau.dk.
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nørgaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark. jdn@hst.aau.dk.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Nieland
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41944, Korea. thkwon@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Tae-Hwan
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark. sn@hst.aau.dk.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051401:Aquaporin 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051401:Aquaporin 4; D020346:Aquaporins
keywords: aquaporin; astrocytes; central nervous system; endothelial cells; neurons; peripheral nerve; spinal cord