title: In vitro study of the host responses to model biomaterials via a fibroblast/macrophage co-culture system.
abstract: Surface properties are believed to play important roles in initial inflammatory and subsequent wound healing/fibrotic responses after implantation of biomaterials. To investigate the surface property effect in mediating these host responses, we used an in vitro fibroblast/macrophage co-culture model established with a cell migration chamber, and a series of self-assembling monolayers (SAMs) bearing different terminal groups as model surfaces to study the effect of surface properties on macrophage fusion, fibroblast attachment, spreading morphology, proliferation, outgrowth, as well as pro-(interleukin-6) and anti-(interleukin-10) inflammatory cytokine production, expression of ED-A fibronectin (FN) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The obtained results show that the hydrophobic CH3surface caused high levels of inflammatory but low levels of wound healing/fibrotic responses, while the hydrophilic/anionic COOH surface resulted in both low levels of inflammatory and wound healing/fibrotic responses. Interestingly, the hydrophilic OH surface was found to possess a low potential of inducing inflammatory responses but high potential of inducing wound healing/fibrotic responses. These results reveal that the extent of inflammation and wound healing/fibrosis might not be always related in vitro. However, more important is the observation of the macrophage contributions in facilitating the wound healing and fibrotic responses by up-regulation of fibroblast outgrowth, cytokine production as well as ED-A FN and α-SMA expression. Overall, by linking the surface properties to cell activities with our established fibroblast/macrophage co-culture system, we could provide an useful model system for in vitro studies to design more biocompatible biomaterials for various biomedical and tissue engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany. thomas.groth@pharmazie.uni-halle.de.
authors.forename: Guoying
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany. thomas.groth@pharmazie.uni-halle.de.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liedmann
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany. thomas.groth@pharmazie.uni-halle.de.
authors.forename: Chandralekha
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany. thomas.groth@pharmazie.uni-halle.de and Interdsciplinary Centre of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Groth
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016753:Interleukin-10