title: Dysbiotic Bacterial and Fungal Communities Not Restricted to Clinically Affected Skin Sites in Dandruff.
abstract: Dandruff is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition of the scalp that has been associated withMalasseziayeasts. However, the microbial role has not been elucidated yet, and the etiology of the disorder remains poorly understood. Using high-throughput 16S rDNA and ITS1 sequencing, we characterized cutaneous bacterial and fungal microbiotas from healthy and dandruff subjects, comparing scalp and forehead (lesional and non-lesional skin sites). Bacterial and fungal communities from dandruff analyzed at genus level differed in comparison with healthy ones, presenting higher diversity and greater intragroup variation. The microbial shift was observed also in non-lesional sites from dandruff subjects, suggesting that dandruff is related to a systemic process that is not restricted to the site exhibiting clinical symptoms. In contrast,Malasseziamicrobiota analyzed at species level did not differ according to health status. A 2-step OTU assignment using combined databases substantially increased fungal assigned sequences, and revealed the presence of highly prevalent uncharacterizedMalasseziaorganisms (>37% of the reads). Although clinical symptoms of dandruff manifest locally, microbial dysbiosis beyond clinically affected skin sites suggests that subjects undergo systemic alterations, which could be considered for redefining therapeutic approaches.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renan C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Camargo-Penna
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa C S
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: de Moraes
authors.affiliation: L'Oréal, Research and Innovation Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Vecchi
authors.affiliation: L'Oréal, Research and Innovation Aulnay-sous-Bois, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clavaud
authors.affiliation: L'Oréal, Research and Innovation Aulnay-sous-Bois, France.
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Breton
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio S K
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Paulino
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D063807:Dandruff / Q000382:microbiology*; D064806:Dysbiosis; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D056186:Metagenomics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Malassezia; dandruff; dysbiosis; microbiota; next generation sequencing; skin