title: Life course socioeconomic adversities and 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease: cross-sectional analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether life course exposure to adverse socioeconomic positions (SEP) as well as maintaining a low SEP or decreasing the SEP intra- and intergeneration was associated with an increased 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk predicted by the Framingham Risk Score.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data (2008-2010) of 13,544 active workers from ELSA-Brasil cohort. Maternal education, leg length, social class of first occupation and education were used to evaluate childhood, youth and adulthood SEP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After considering adulthood SEP, exposure to early-life low SEP remained associated with an increased 10-year CVD risk. The 10-year CVD risk also rose as the number of exposures to low SEP throughout life increased. Compared to individuals in high-stable intragenerational trajectory, those in upward, downward, or stable low trajectory presented higher 10-year CVD risk. Increasing individuals' SEP over generation showed no increased risk of 10-year CVD risk compared to individuals in high-stable trajectory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Childhood may be a critical period for exposures to social adversities. Life course low SEP may also affect the 10-year CVD risk via accumulation of risk and social mobility.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-800, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dayse Rodrigues
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: de Sousa Andrade
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-800, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lidyane V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Camelo
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-800, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Citton P
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dos Reis
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Doutor Arnaldo, 455, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Itamar S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, and Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-800, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Luiz
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-800, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giatti
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-800, Brazil. sbarreto@medicina.ufmg.br.
authors.forename: Sandhi Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Barreto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000069586:Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012923:Social Class; D012937:Social Mobility
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Framingham Risk Score; Life course; Social mobility; Socioeconomic position