title: How effective is embolization with N-2-butyl-cyanoacrylate for aneurysmal bone cysts?
abstract: To evaluate the outcome of selective arterial embolization with N-2-butyl-cyanoacrylate for aneurysmal bone cysts.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively studied 102 patients (72 male, 30 female; mean age, 16 years; range, 3-60 years) with aneurysmal bone cysts treated with embolization with N-2-butyl-cyanoacrylate. Mean follow-up was seven years (range, 3-13 years); no patient was lost to follow-up. We evaluated healing and recurrences of the lesions, complications and cost of the procedures, and recurrences with respect to age and gender of the patients, and size and location of the lesions.
  
  
  
  Embolization was feasible in 88 patients (86.3%), and not feasible in 14 patients (13.6%) because feeding arteries were not identified or the spinal artery of Adamkiewicz was recognized at the embolization field. Seventy two patients (81.8%) experienced complete healing of their lesions after a single (50 patients, 56.8%), a second (17 patients, 19.3%) or a third embolization (5 patients, 5.7%). Sixteen patients (18.2%) experienced recurrence within four months (range, 3-9 months) after embolization; these patients underwent surgical treatment. Recurrences were more common in patients younger than 15 years of age and cysts larger than 6 cm, without any difference with respect to gender and location. Four patients (4.5%) experienced a complication including skin necrosis, sciatic nerve paresthesias, and femoral artery pseudoaneurysm. The cost estimate was 3000 euro per procedure.
  
  
  
  Embolization of aneurysmal bone cysts with N-2-butyl-cyanoacrylate is associated with good results and low complication rates, however, experience, technical skills, and knowledge of the vascular anatomy of the area is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Angiographic Radiology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 41 Ventouri Street, Holargos, 15562, Athens, Greece. afm@otenet.gr.
authors.forename: Andreas F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mavrogenis
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Angiographic Radiology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Facchini
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Angiographic Radiology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bartalena
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rimondi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Saint Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Renzulli
authors.affiliation: University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andreone
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Durante
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angelini
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Costantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Errani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017824:Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D004659:Enbucrilate
keywords: Aneurysmal bone cyst; Embolization; NBCA