title: Interrogation of bimetallic particle oxidation in three dimensions at the nanoscale.
abstract: An understanding of bimetallic alloy oxidation is key to the design of hollow-structured binary oxides and the optimization of their catalytic performance. However, one roadblock encountered in studying these binary oxide systems is the difficulty in describing the heterogeneities that occur in both structure and chemistry as a function of reaction coordinate. This is due to the complexity of the three-dimensional mosaic patterns that occur in these heterogeneous binary systems. By combining real-time imaging and chemical-sensitive electron tomography, we show that it is possible to characterize these systems with simultaneous nanoscale and chemical detail. We find that there is oxidation-induced chemical segregation occurring on both external and internal surfaces. Additionally, there is another layer of complexity that occurs during the oxidation, namely that the morphology of the initial oxide surface can change the oxidation modality. This work characterizes the pathways that can control the morphology in binary oxide materials.
authors.affiliation: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.|Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education (Tianjin University), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Qingping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Deli
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Yimei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education (Tianjin University), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Xiwen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3366-2153
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Stach
authors.affiliation: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Huolin L
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6521-868X
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Xin