title: The management of childhood liver diseases in adulthood.
abstract: An increasing number of patients with childhood liver disease survive into adulthood. These young adults are now entering adult services and require ongoing management. Aetiologies can be divided into liver diseases that develop in young adults which present to adult hepatologists i.e., biliary atresia and Alagille syndrome or liver diseases that occur in children/adolescents and adults i.e., autoimmune hepatitis or Wilson's disease. To successfully manage these young adults, a dynamic and responsive transition service is essential. In this review, we aim to describe the successful components of a transition service highlighting the importance of self-management support and a multi-disciplinary approach. We will also review some of the liver specific aetiologies which are unique to young adults, offering an update on pathogenesis, management and outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK. Electronic address: d.joshi@nhs.net.
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: Nitika
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samyn
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Maesha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deheragoda
authors.affiliation: Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dobbels
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Heneghan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012648:Self Care; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adolescence; Autoimmune liver disease; Autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis; Biliary atresia; Cholestatic liver disease; Self-management; Transition