title: Extreme ultraviolet resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) at a seeded free-electron laser.
abstract: In the past few years, we have been witnessing an increased interest for studying materials properties under non-equilibrium conditions. Several well established spectroscopies for experiments in the energy domain have been successfully adapted to the time domain with sub-picosecond time resolution. Here we show the realization of high resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) with a stable ultrashort X-ray source such as an externally seeded free electron laser (FEL). We have designed and constructed a RIXS experimental endstation that allowed us to successfully measure the d-d excitations in KCoF3single crystals at the cobalt M2,3-edge at FERMI FEL (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Italy). The FEL-RIXS spectra show an excellent agreement with the ones obtained from the same samples at the MERIXS endstation of the MERLIN beamline at the Advanced Light Source storage ring (Berkeley, USA). We established experimental protocols for performing time resolved RIXS experiments at a FEL source to avoid X ray-induced sample damage, while retaining comparable acquisition time to the synchrotron based measurements. Finally, we measured and modelled the influence of the FEL mixed electromagnetic modes, also present in externally seeded FELs, and the beam transport with ~120 meV experimental resolution achieved in the presented RIXS setup.
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.|CNR-IOM, Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dell'Angela
authors.affiliation: Physics Department and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg University, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hieke
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malvestuto
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sturari
authors.affiliation: Photon Science, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bajt
authors.affiliation: Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 59, Moscow 119333, Russia.
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Kozhevnikov
authors.affiliation: Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ratanapreechachai
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caretta
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Casarin
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Glerean
authors.affiliation: Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Politekhnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kalashnikova
authors.affiliation: Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Politekhnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Pisarev
authors.affiliation: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Y-D
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Manzoni
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cilento
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mincigrucci
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simoncig
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Principi
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Masciovecchio
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Raimondi
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mahne
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Svetina
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.|CNR-IOM, Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zangrando
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Passuello
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gaio
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prica
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scarcia
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kourousias
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borghes
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giannessi
authors.affiliation: Physics Department and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg University, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.|Photon Science, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wurth
authors.affiliation: Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy.|Physics Department, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy.|International Faculty, University of Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Parmigiani