title: Gender Differences in Somatic Symptoms and Current Suicidal Risk in Outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although somatic symptoms are common complaints of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), their associations with suicide are still unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 811 MDD outpatients of aged between 18 to 64 years were enrolled nationwide in Korea with the suicidality module of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the Depression and Somatic Symptom Scale (DSSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  On stepwise regression analysis, current suicidality scores were most strongly associated with chest pain in men, and neck or shoulder pain in women. Severe chest pain was associated with higher current suicidality scores in men than in women, whereas severe neck or shoulder pain showed no significant differences between the genders. In conclusion, MDD patients of both sexes with suicidal ideation showed significantly more frequent and severe somatic symptoms than those without. Current suicidal risk was associated with chest pain in men, and neck or shoulder pain in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that clinicians pay attention to patients' somatic symptoms in real world practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Hong Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Stress Research Institute, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: OR/RWD Team, Corporate Affairs·Health & Value Division, Pfizer Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fava
authors.affiliation: Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mischoulon
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical School, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Man
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Doo-Heum
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ikki
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Yoon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Pyo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hong
keywords: Chest pain; Gender difference; Somatic symptom; Suicidality