title: Presence of Ureaplasma diversum in the genital tracts of female dairy cattle in Mato Grosso State, Brazil.
abstract: Ureaplasma diversum infection in bovine females may result in various reproductive problems, including granular vulvovaginitis, abortion, weak calves, salpingitis, and spontaneous abortion. The presence of U. diversum in a dairy bovine population from midwestern Brazil has not been established. The aim of this study was to determine whether U. diversum was present in dairy cattle from midwestern Brazil using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Vulvovaginal mucus was analyzed from 203 cows located in six municipalities in the north region of Mato Grosso State, Brazil. A total of 25% of dairy cows with vulvovaginitis were positive for U. diversum. The factors evaluated were included in a multivariable logistic regression model with the presence of at least one positive cow in the herd serving as the dependent variable. Three variables were significantly associated with a U. diversum-positive PCR and were included in the final multivariable model: number of parities, vulvar lesions, and reproductive problems. For each new parity, the chance of U. diversum infection decreased 0.03-fold, indicating that cows with the highest number of parities were more protected. The presence of vulvar lesions was increased 17.6-fold in females positive for U. diversum, suggesting that this bacterium could be related to the red granular lesions in the vulvar mucosa, whereas reproductive problems were increased 7.6-fold. However, further investigations should be conducted to ascertain the effects of U. diversum in association with other mycoplasma species in the herds studied.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, CEP 78069-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jaqueline B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090. Bairro Agronomia, CEP 51900-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, CEP 78069-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscylla S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367. Boa Esperança, CEP 78069-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Pitchenin
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367. Boa Esperança, CEP 78069-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valéria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dutra
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Biology, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367. Boa Esperança, CEP 78069-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistic, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367. Boa Esperança, CEP 78069-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anderson Castro Soares
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, CEP 78069-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. carolpescador@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Caroline A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pescador
mesh_terms: D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003612:Dairying; D005260:Female; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D011247:Pregnancy; D014509:Ureaplasma / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014848:Vulvovaginitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Associated factors; Cow; Milk; PCR; Vulvovaginitis