title: The role of HER2, EGFR, and other receptor tyrosine kinases in breast cancer.
abstract: Breast cancer affects approximately 1 in 8 women, and it is estimated that over 246,660 women in the USA will be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2016. Breast cancer mortality has decline over the last two decades due to early detection and improved treatment. Over the last few years, there is mounting evidence to demonstrate the prominent role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in tumor initiation and progression, and targeted therapies against the RTKs have been developed, evaluated in clinical trials, and approved for many cancer types, including breast cancer. However, not all breast cancers are the same as evidenced by the multiple subtypes of the disease, with some more aggressive than others, showing differential treatment response to different types of drugs. Moreover, in addition to canonical signaling from the cell surface, many RTKs can be trafficked to various subcellular compartments, e.g., the multivesicular body and nucleus, where they carry out critical cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, DNA replication and repair, and therapeutic resistance. In this review, we provide a brief summary on the role of a selected number of RTKs in breast cancer and describe some mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.|Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.|Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. mhung@mdanderson.org.|Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan. mhung@mdanderson.org.|Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan. mhung@mdanderson.org.
authors.forename: Mien-Chie
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D066246:ErbB Receptors; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C512478:EGFR protein, human; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human
keywords: Breast cancer; Drug resistance; Receptor tyrosine kinases; Targeted therapies