title: Glutamine-Induced Secretion of Intestinal Secretory Immunoglobulin A: A Mechanistic Perspective.
abstract: Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is one important line of defense in the intestinal mucosal surface to protect the intestinal epithelium from enteric toxins and pathogenic microorganisms. Multiple factors, such as intestinal microbiota, intestinal cytokines, and nutrients are highly involved in production of SIgA in the intestine. Recently, glutamine has been shown to affect intestinal SIgA production; however, the underlying mechanism by which glutamine stimulates secretion of intestinal SIgA is unknown. Here, we review current knowledge regarding glutamine in intestinal immunity and show that glutamine-enhanced secretion of SIgA in the intestine may involve intestinal microbiota, intestinal antigen sampling and presentation, induction pathways for SIgA production by plasma cells (both T-dependent and T-independent pathway), and even transport of SIgA. Altogether, the glutamine-intestinal SIgA axis has broad therapeutic implications for intestinal SIgA-associated diseases, such as celiac disease, allergies, and inflammatory bowel disease.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wenkai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Institute of Apicultural Research (IAR), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , China.
authors.forename: Bie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX , USA.
authors.forename: Guoyao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX , USA.
authors.forename: Fuller W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Bazer
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China.
authors.forename: Yuanyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China; College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
keywords: T cells; glutamine; intestinal microbiota; secretory IgA