title: Validation of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in patients with suicide risk.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Only a few scales have been validated in Spanish for the assessment of suicide risk, and none of them have achieved predictive validity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the validity and reliability of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in patients with suicide risk attending the specialist clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Beck Hopelessness Scale, reasons for living inventory, and the suicide behaviour questionnaire were applied in patients with suicide risk attending the psychiatric clinic and the emergency department. A new assessment was made 30 days later to determine the predictive validity of suicide or suicide attempt.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The evaluation included a total of 244 patients, with a mean age of 30.7±13.2 years, and the majority were women. The internal consistency was .9 (Kuder-Richardson formula 20). Four dimensions were found which accounted for 50% of the variance. It was positively correlated with the suicidal behaviour questionnaire (Spearman .48, P<.001), number of suicide attempts (Spearman .25, P<.001), severity of suicide risk (Spearman .23, P<.001). The correlation with the reasons for living inventory was negative (Spearman -.52, P<.001). With a cut-off ≥12, the negative predictive value was 98.4% (95% CI: 94.2-99.8), and the positive predictive value was 14.8% (95% CI: 6.6-27.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Beck Hopelessness Scale in Colombian patients with suicidality shows results similar to the original version, with adequate reliability and moderate concurrent and predictive validity.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Electronic address: gredu@unab.edu.co.
authors.forename: German Eduardo
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rueda-Jaimes
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Vanessa Alexandra
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Castro-Rueda
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Andrés Mauricio
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rangel-Martínez-Villalba
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moreno-Quijano
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Gustavo Adolfo
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Martinez-Salazar
authors.affiliation: Dirección de Investigaciones, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, FOSCAL, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Paul Anthony
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Camacho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003105:Colombia; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D065026:Hope; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013405:Suicide; D014177:Translations; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Factores de riesgo; Predictive value of tests; Risk factors; Suicide; Suicidio; Validez de las pruebas; Validity of tests; Valor predictivo de las pruebas