title: Ebola Virus Persistence in Breast Milk After No Reported Illness: A Likely Source of Virus Transmission From Mother to Child.
abstract: A 9-month-old infant died from Ebola virus (EBOV) disease with unknown epidemiological link. While her parents did not report previous illness, laboratory investigations revealed persisting EBOV RNA in the mother's breast milk and the father's seminal fluid. Genomic analysis strongly suggests EBOV transmission to the child through breastfeeding.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1219, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.|Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Daouda
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sissoko
authors.affiliation: World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea.
authors.forename: Mory
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keïta
authors.affiliation: World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea.
authors.forename: Boubacar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Negar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aliabadi
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Fitter
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Benjamin A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dahl
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|Ministry of Health, Conakry, Guinea.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Akoi Bore
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|Ministry of Health, Conakry, Guinea.
authors.forename: Fara
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raymond Koundouno
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singethan
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meisel
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Langen, Germany.
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Enkirch
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazzarelli
authors.affiliation: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico.|Ratoma Ebola Diagnostic Center, Conakry, Guinea.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Amburgey
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Ousmane
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Faye
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Amadou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alpha Sall
authors.affiliation: Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Conakry, Guinea.
authors.forename: N'Faly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Magassouba
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury.|University of Southampton, South General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Miles W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1219, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.|PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Treichville University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Anglaret
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1219, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.|Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malvy
authors.affiliation: World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Formenty
authors.affiliation: World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruce Aylward
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Health, Conakry, Guinea.
authors.forename: Sakoba
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keïta
authors.affiliation: World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea.
authors.forename: Mamoudou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harouna Djingarey
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Loman
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.affiliation: European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Hamburg, Germany.|Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duraffour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012661:Semen / Q000821:virology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Ebola virus; asymptomatic carriage; breast milk; mother-to-child transmission; real-time sequencing