title: Extract of Monascus purpureus CWT715 Fermented from Sorghum Liquor Biowaste Inhibits Migration and Invasion of SK-Hep-1 Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells.
abstract: Liver cancer is the most endemic cancer in a large region of the world. This study investigated the anti-metastatic effects of an extract ofMonascus purpureusCWT715 (MP) fermented from sorghum liquor biowaste and its mechanisms of action in highly metastatic human hepatocarcinoma SK-Hep-1 cells. Kinmen sorghum liquor waste was used as the primary nutrient source to produce metabolites (including pigments) of MP. In the presence of 10 µg/mL MP-fermented broth (MFB), the anti-invasive activity increased with increasing fermentation time reaching a maximum at six days of fermentation. Interestingly, MFB also produced maximal pigment content at six days. Treatment for 24 h with MFB (10-100 µg/mL) obtained from fermentation for six days significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion, and these effects were concentration-dependent. MFB also significantly enhanced nm23-H1 protein expression in a concentration-dependent manner, which was highly correlated with migration and invasion. These results suggest that MFB has significant anti-migration and anti-invasion activities and that these effects are associated with the induction of nm23-H1 protein expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Penghu Hsien 88046, Taiwan. changcc@gms.npu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Teish
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, 1018 Sec. 6 Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung 43302, Taiwan. chchuang@hk.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. amy04221008@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wan-Ju
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. cshuang@asia.edu.tw.|Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. cshuang@asia.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chin-Shiu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005285:Fermentation; D006801:Humans; D032741:Monascus / Q000737:chemistry*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045868:Sorghum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Kinmen sorghum liquor waste; Monascus purpureus; anti-metastasis; hepatocarcinoma; nm23-H1