title: Jasmonic Acid Enhances Al-Induced Root Growth Inhibition.
abstract: Phytohormones such as ethylene and auxin are involved in the regulation of the aluminum (Al)-induced root growth inhibition. Although jasmonate (JA) has been reported to play a crucial role in the regulation of root growth and development in response to environmental stresses through interplay with ethylene and auxin, its role in the regulation of root growth response to Al stress is not yet known. In an attempt to elucidate the role of JA, we found that exogenous application of JA enhanced the Al-induced root growth inhibition. Furthermore, phenotype analysis with mutants defective in either JA biosynthesis or signaling suggests that JA is involved in the regulation of Al-induced root growth inhibition. The expression of the JA receptor CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) and the key JA signaling regulator MYC2 was up-regulated in response to Al stress in the root tips. This process together with COI1-mediated Al-induced root growth inhibition under Al stress was controlled by ethylene but not auxin. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that many responsive genes under Al stress were regulated by JA signaling. The differential responsive of microtubule organization-related genes between the wild-type and coi1-2 mutant is consistent with the changed depolymerization of cortical microtubules in coi1 under Al stress. In addition, ALMT-mediated malate exudation and thus Al exclusion from roots in response to Al stress was also regulated by COI1-mediated JA signaling. Together, this study suggests that root growth inhibition is regulated by COI1-mediated JA signaling independent from auxin signaling and provides novel insights into the phytohormone-mediated root growth inhibition in response to Al stress.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China (Z-B.Y., C.H., Y.M., Z.D.); and.
authors.forename: Zhong-Bao
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China (Z-B.Y., C.H., Y.M., Z.D.); and.
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0744-0853
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China (Z-B.Y., C.H., Y.M., Z.D.); and.
authors.forename: Yanqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, Institute of Plant Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany (M.H.).
authors.forename: Marco
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2804-0613
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herde
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China (Z-B.Y., C.H., Y.M., Z.D.); and.
authors.forename: Zhaojun
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0218-5136
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008293:Malates / Q000378:metabolism; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005030:Ethylenes; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D008293:Malates; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C011006:jasmonic acid; C036216:ethylene; D000535:Aluminum