title: Effects of chronic dietary exposure of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the serum protein profile of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).
abstract: Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been dramatically used in industry, biology, and medicine. Despite their interesting physico-chemical properties for application in various industrial, medical, and consumer products, safe use of ZnO NPs are under challenges due to the inadequate information related to their toxicological endpoints. Proteomics was applied to evaluate the sub-lethal effects of dietary exposure to ZnO NPs on serum proteome profile of juvenile common carp, (Cyprinus carpio). Therefore, ZnO NPs solution (500mgkg-1of feed) was added to a commercial carp feed for six weeks. We compared the serum proteome profile from 7 controls and 7 treated fish. In addition, zinc accumulation were measured in intestine, liver, gill and brain. In total, we were able to identify 326 proteins from 6845 distinct peptides. As a result of the data analysis, the abundance levels of four proteins were significantly altered (fold change (fc) ≥2 and p<0.05) after dietary exposure to ZnO NPs. The protein levels of the complement component C4-2 (fc 2.5) and the uncharacterised protein encoded by kng1 (fc 5.8) were increased and major histocompatibility class I (fc 4.9) and the uncharacterised protein encoded by lum (fc 3.5) were decreased (fc 2.5). Molecular pathway analysis revealed four canonical pathways including acute-phase response signalling, liver and retinoid X receptors activation, and intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin activation pathways as significantly regulated in the treated fish. No significant difference was observed for zinc accumulation in exposed fish compared to controls. In summary, despite no apparent accumulation, ZnO NPs exposure to common carp probably disturbs the fish homeostasis by affecting proteins of the haematological and the immune systems.
authors.affiliation: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic. Electronic address: lchupani@frov.jcu.cz.
authors.forename: Latifeh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chupani
authors.affiliation: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Eliška
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zusková
authors.affiliation: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niksirat
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panáček
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lünsmann
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Sven-Bastiaan
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Haange
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany; University of Leipzig, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig, Germany; Aalborg University, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Bergen
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jehmlich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps; D000074341:Dietary Exposure; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015032:Zinc / Q000633:toxicity*; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D015032:Zinc; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Common carp; Dietary exposure; Nanoparticle; Proteomics; Serum; Zinc oxide