title: The miracle of face transplantation after 10 years.
abstract: At the 10th year anniversary of the first face transplantation, there are currently 36 patients worldwide, who are the recipients of faces coming from human donors.
  
  
  
  Despite the initial debates and ethical concerns, face transplantation became a clinical reality with satisfactory functional outcomes.
  
  
  
  The areas of controversy still include the impact of lifelong immunosuppression on otherwise healthy patients as well as the selection process of face transplant candidates.
  
  
  
  Other concerns include financial support for this new generation of transplants as well as social reintegration and patients return to work after face transplantation.
  
  
  
  Based on over 20 years of research experience in the field of vascularized composite allotransplantation, and clinical experience as a leading surgeon of the US first face transplantation, this review will summarize the well-known facts as well as unexpected outcomes and challenges of face transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA siemiom@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siemionow
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001828:Body Image / Q000523:psychology; D004954:Esthetics; D054445:Facial Transplantation / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018579:Patient Selection; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000941:ethics*; D063986:Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000639:trends
keywords: controversies; face transplantation; future directions; outcomes