title: Animal Models of Chikungunya Virus Infection and Disease.
abstract: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a reemerging alphavirus that causes acute febrile illness and severe joint pain in humans. Although acute symptoms often resolve within a few days, chronic joint and muscle pain can be long lasting. In the last decade, CHIKV has caused widespread outbreaks of unprecedented scale in the Americas, Asia, and the Indian Ocean island regions. Despite these outbreaks and the continued expansion of CHIKV into new areas, mechanisms of chikungunya pathogenesis and disease are not well understood. Experimental animal models are indispensable to the field of CHIKV research. The most commonly used experimental animal models of CHIKV infection are mice and nonhuman primates; each model has its advantages for studying different aspects of CHIKV disease. This review will provide an overview of animal models used to study CHIKV infection and disease and major advances in our understanding of chikungunya obtained from studies performed in these models.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton.
authors.forename: Nicole N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Haese
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton.
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Broeckel
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hawman
authors.affiliation: Departments of Genetics, Microbiology, and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Heise
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton.
authors.forename: Daniel N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Streblow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D065632:Chikungunya Fever / Q000821:virology; D002646:Chikungunya virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051379:Mice; D011323:Primates
keywords: Alphavirus; Chikungunya; animal models; mouse models; nonhuman primates