title: Expression ofFlavone Synthase IIandFlavonoid 3'-HydroxylaseIs Associated with Color Variation in Tan-Colored Injured Leaves of Sorghum.
abstract: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL. Moench) exhibits various color changes in injured leaves in response to cutting stress. Here, we aimed to identify key genes for the light brown and dark brown color variations in tan-colored injured leaves of sorghum. For this purpose, sorghum M36001 (light brown injured leaves), Nakei-MS3B (purple), and a progeny, #7 (dark brown), from Nakei-MS3B × M36001, were used. Accumulated pigments were detected by using high-performance liquid chromatography: M36001 accumulated only apigenin in its light brown leaves; #7 accumulated both luteolin and a small amount of apigenin in its dark brown leaves, and Nakei-MS3B accumulated 3-deoxyanthocyanidins (apigeninidin and luteolinidin) in its purple leaves. Apigenin or luteolin glucoside derivatives were also accumulated, in different proportions. Differentially expressed genes before and after cutting stress were identified by using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Integration of our metabolic and RNA-seq analyses suggested that expression of onlyflavone synthase II (FNSII)led to the synthesis of apigenin in M36001, expression of bothFNSIIandflavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)led to the synthesis of apigenin and luteolin in #7, and expression of bothflavanone 4-reductaseandF3'Hled to the synthesis of 3-deoxyanthocyanidins in Nakei-MS3B. These results suggest that expression ofFNSIIis related to the synthesis of flavones (apigenin and luteolin) and the expression level ofF3'His related to the balance of apigenin and luteolin. Expression ofFNSIIandF3'His thus associated with dark or light brown coloration in tan-colored injured leaves of sorghum.
authors.affiliation: Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological SciencesTsukuba, Japan; Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.affiliation: Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yazawa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigemitsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasuga
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.affiliation: Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological SciencesTsukuba, Japan; Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanamori
authors.affiliation: Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological SciencesTsukuba, Japan; Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogo
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masami Yokota
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.affiliation: Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological SciencesTsukuba, Japan; Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological SciencesTsukuba, Japan; Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawahigashi
keywords: F3′H; FNR; FNSII; RNA-seq; apigenin; apigeninidin; luteolin; luteolinidin