title: Antioxidant enzyme and osmotic adjustment changes in bean seedlings as affected by biochar under salt stress.
abstract: Salinity damaged cellular membranes through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while osmolytes and antioxidant capacities play a vital role in protecting plants from salinity caused oxidative damages. Biochar also could alleviate the negative impacts of salt stress in crops. The pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar on some antioxidant enzyme activities and osmolyte adjustments of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Derakhshan) under salinity stress. Bean plants were subjected to three salinity levels (non-saline, 6 and 12 dSm-1of NaCl) and biochar treatments (non-biochar, 10% and 20% total pot mass). Shoot and root dry weights of bean were decreased at two salt stress treatments. Salinity increased the activity of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), oxygen radicals (O2•-), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in leaf and root compared to control. Additionally, increased magnitudes of proline, glycine betaine, soluble sugar and soluble protein contents were more pronounced under 12 dSm-1NaCl than those under 6 dSm-1NaCl. In contrast, biochar applied to soil enhanced the shoot and root dry weight in comparison with the non-biochar treatment. Furthermore, all of the antioxidant activities of seedlings in soil treated with biochar, particularly at 20% biochar, declined. With the addition of biochar, the contents of MDA, O2•-and H2O2displayed remarkable decrease, and the osmotic substances accumulation in leaves and roots also reduced. The presented results supported the view that biochar can contribute to protect common bean seedlings against NaCl stress by alleviating the oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: Farhanghi@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Salar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Farhangi-Abriz
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: s.torabian@ag.iut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torabian
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009995:Osmosis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D054712:Salinity; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012987:Soil; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; D012965:Sodium Chloride
keywords: Antioxidant activities; Biochar; Hydrogen peroxide; Malondialdehyde; Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Salt stress