title: Metastatic carcinoid tumor to the breast: report of two cases and review of the literature.
abstract: The breast is an unusual site for carcinoid metastasis. Due to increasing survival rates for carcinoid tumors, however, awareness of their rare complications is important. Carcinoid metastasis to the breast typically presents as a palpable breast mass or a mass on screening mammogram. Because imaging findings are nonspecific, the diagnosis is established through histological findings of neuroendocrine features corresponding with the known primary carcinoid pathology. Correctly distinguishing metastatic carcinoid from primary breast carcinoma is crucial to avoid more invasive procedures required for the latter. Two cases of metastatic carcinoid to the breast are presented with review of the literature.
authors.affiliation: New York University School of Medicine. Electronic address: Shimwoo.Lee@med.nyu.edu.
authors.forename: Shimwoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Pascale.Levine@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Samantha.Heller@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Samantha L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Osvaldo.Hernandez@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Cecilia.Mercado@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Cecilia L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Mercado
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Chloe.Chhor@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Chloe M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chhor
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008327:Mammography; D008875:Middle Aged; D009382:Neoplasms, Unknown Primary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Biopsy; Breast; Carcinoid; Metastasis; Neuroendocrine