title: Exploring the Least Studied Australian Eucalypt Genera: Corymbia and Angophora for Phytochemicals with Anticancer Activity against Pancreatic Malignancies.
abstract: While the pharmacological and toxicological properties of eucalypts are well known in indigenous Australian medicinal practice, investigations of the bioactivity of eucalypt extracts against high mortality diseases such as pancreatic cancer in Western medicine have to date been limited, particularly amongst the genera Corymbia and Angophora. Four Angophora and Corymbia species were evaluated for their phytochemical profile and efficacy against both primary and secondary pancreatic cancer cell lines. The aqueous leaf extract of Angophora hispida exhibited statistically higher total phenolic content (107.85 ± 1.46 mg of gallic acid equiv. per g) and total flavonoid content (57.96 ± 1.93 mg rutin equiv. per g) and antioxidant capacity compared to the other tested eucalypts (P < 0.05). Both A. hispida and A. floribunda aqueous extracts showed statistically similar saponin contents. Angophora floribunda extract exerted significantly greater cell growth inhibition of 77.91 ± 4.93% followed by A. hispida with 62.04 ± 7.47% (P < 0.05) at 100 μg/ml in MIA PaCa-2 cells with IC50values of 75.58 and 87.28 μg/ml, respectively. More studies are required to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds from these two Angophora species and to determine their mode of action against pancreatic malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, 10 Chittaway Rd, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia.|School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Deep Jyoti
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bhuyan
authors.affiliation: Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, 10 Chittaway Rd, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia.|School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Quan V
authors.initials: QV
authors.lastname: Vuong
authors.affiliation: Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, 10 Chittaway Rd, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia.|School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Danielle R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bond
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Anita C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chalmers
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: van Altena
authors.affiliation: Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, 10 Chittaway Rd, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia.|School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bowyer
authors.affiliation: Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, 10 Chittaway Rd, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia.|School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Scarlett
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D001315:Australia; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D027822:Myrtaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012503:Saponins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins
keywords: Angophora; Anticancer; Corymbia; Eucalypts; Pancreatic cancer