title: A high-throughput fluorimetric microarray with enhanced fluorescence and suppressed "coffee-ring" effects for the detection of calcium ions in blood.
abstract: A rapid, ultrasensitive, and high-throughput fluorimetric microarray method has been developed using hydrophobic pattern as the microarray substrate and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-coupled carboxylic acid calcium (APS-CCA) as the fluorescent probes for sensing Ca2+ions in blood. The hydrophobic pattern of the developed Ca2+analysis microarray could largely suppress the "coffee-ring" effects to facilitate the better distribution density of testing microspots toward the high-throughput detections, and especially prevent the cross-contamination of the multiple samples between adjacent microspots. Moreover, the use of APS matrix could endow the CCA probe the enhanced environmental stability and fluorescence intensity, which is about 2.3-fold higher than that of free CCA. The interactions between APS-CCA and Ca2+ions were systematically characterized by UV-vis and fluorescence measurements including microscopy imaging. It was demonstrated that the fluorimetric microarray could display the strong capacity of specifically sensing Ca2+ions with the minimal interferences from blood backgrounds. Such an APS-CCA-based fluorimetric microarray can allow for the analysis of Ca2+ions down to 0.0050 mM in blood, promising a highly sensitive and selective detection candidate for Ca2+ions to be applied in the clinical laboratory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.|College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhengjian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zongzhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Jifeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yadong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D002138:Calibration; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005470:Fluorometry / Q000379:methods*; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007477:Ions; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000737:chemistry; D011437:Propylamines / Q000737:chemistry; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D007477:Ions; D015335:Molecular Probes; D011437:Propylamines; D012821:Silanes; C477625:amino-propyl-triethoxysilane; D002118:Calcium