title: Microwave-assisted biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles and their cytotoxic and antioxidant activity.
abstract: The present study was designed for microwave assisted synthesis of zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) using Lavandula vera leaf extract in the presence of ZnSO4(1mM). The biogenic Zn NPs were then characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Thereafter, the cytotoxic effect of ZnSO4and Zn NPs on different cell lines was investigated by MTT-based cytotoxicity assay and their antioxidant properties were assessed using DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power assay. The SEM micrograph showed that the Zn NPs had spherical shape with the size range of 30-80nm. For A549, MCF-7, HT-29, and Caco-2 cell lines treated with Zn NPs, the concentration necessary causing 50% cell death (IC50) was found to be 22.3±1.1μgmL-1, 86±3.7μgmL-1, 10.9±0.5μgmL-1, and 56.2±2.8μgmL-1, respectively. In the case of ZnSO4, the same results (IC50) were observed at concentration of 81.6±1.3μgmL-1(A549), 121.0±2.4μgmL-1(MCF-7), 43.0±1.4μgmL-1(HT-29), and 85.7±2.3μgmL-1(Caco-2). The obtained results of antioxidant activity showed that the IC50values of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Zn NPs were 44μgmL-1and 65.3μgmL-1, respectively, while ZnSO4at concentration of 200μgmL-1exhibited only 10.9% DPPH radical scavenging effect. Moreover, the reducing power of Zn NPs and BHA were significantly higher than ZnSO4(p<0.05). To sum up, application of L. vera leaf extract combined with microwave heating energy led to simple and fast formation of Zn nanostructures exhibited higher antioxidant and cytotoxic activity compared to soluble Zn+2ions. However, identification of the related mechanisms merit further studies.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Salari
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Electronic address: ameri1363@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Atefeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ameri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Forootanfar
authors.affiliation: Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahboubeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adeli-Sardou
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mandana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.affiliation: Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehrabani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Electronic address: shakiba@kmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shakibaie
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008872:Microwaves; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Antioxidant; Biogenic; Cytotoxicity; Lavandula vera; Microwave-assisted synthesis; Zinc nanoparticles