title: Dynamic Changes in Liver Stiffness Measured by Transient Elastography Predict Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to evaluate the validity of transient elastography in monitoring the antiviral outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 108 patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues and 67 patients treated with interferon (IFN). Liver biopsies were evaluated by the METAVIR score. Transient elastography was performed initially at baseline, 48 weeks, and 96 weeks. Liver tissue was obtained before and after 96 weeks of treatment. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to examine the diagnostic value of transient elastography in predicting and monitoring outcomes of antiviral treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The liver stiffness value correlated well with the baseline alanine aminotransferase level (r = 0.33; P < .001) and was significantly different among various stages of liver fibrosis (P < .001). In the nucleos(t)ide analogue group, the mean pretreatment and posttreatment liver stiffness values ± SD were 8.7 ± 3.1 and 5.9 ± 1.6 kPa, respectively (P < .001), and they were 9.2 ± 3.7 and 7.2 ± 1.9 kPa (P < .001) in the IFN group. Although the liver stiffness values at baseline between the groups were similar (P = .45), they were 5.9 ± 1.6 kPa in the nucleos(t)ide analogue group and 7.2 ± 1.9 kPa in the IFN group after 48 weeks of treatment (P < .001). With the decreased magnitude liver stiffness for predicting the improvement in liver fibrosis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.68 (P = .029). When the decreased magnitude of liver stiffness was 4.1 kPa or higher, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting a histologic response were 88.2% and 50.0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that transient elastography is an effective measurement tool for diagnosing and monitoring the histologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis B during antiviral treatment and can help avoid multiple liver biopsies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Jianyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Shaohang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Jiajun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Xiulan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Caixia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents
keywords: METAVIR; gastrointestinal ultrasound; hepatitis B; histologic response; liver fibrosis; transient elastography