title: ASPEN-FELANPE Clinical Guidelines.
abstract: The management of patients with enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) requires an interdisciplinary approach and poses a significant challenge to physicians, wound/stoma care specialists, dietitians, pharmacists, and other nutrition clinicians. Guidelines for optimizing nutrition status in these patients are often vague, based on limited and dated clinical studies, and typically rely on individual institutional or clinician experience. Specific nutrient requirements, appropriate route of feeding, role of immune-enhancing formulas, and use of somatostatin analogues in the management of patients with ECF are not well defined. The purpose of this clinical guideline is to develop recommendations for the nutrition care of adult patients with ECF.
  
  
  
  A systematic review of the best available evidence to answer a series of questions regarding clinical management of adults with ECF was undertaken and evaluated using concepts adopted from the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group. An anonymous consensus process was used to develop the clinical guideline recommendations prior to peer review and approval by the ASPEN Board of Directors and by FELANPE.
  
  
  
  In adult patients with enterocutaneous fistula: (1) What factors best describe nutrition status? (2) What is the preferred route of nutrition therapy (oral diet, enteral nutrition, or parenteral nutrition)? (3) What protein and energy intake provide best clinical outcomes? (4) Is fistuloclysis associated with better outcomes than standard care? (5) Are immune-enhancing formulas associated with better outcomes than standard formulas? (6) Does the use of somatostatin or somatostatin analogue provide better outcomes than standard medical therapy? (7) When is home parenteral nutrition support indicated?
authors.affiliation: 1 Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Vanessa J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Kumpf
authors.affiliation: 2 UNIVAG Medical School, Cuiaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: de Aguilar-Nascimento
authors.affiliation: 3 Anáhuac University and Hospital Angeles Lomas, Mexico City, Huixquilucan, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jose Ignacio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Diaz-Pizarro Graf
authors.affiliation: 4 Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Amber M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: 5 University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Liam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McKeever
authors.affiliation: 6 Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Ezra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Steiger
authors.affiliation: 7 Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Marion F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.affiliation: 8 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Charlene W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Compher
mesh_terms: D032921:Consensus; D016208:Databases, Factual; D019468:Disease Management; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007412:Intestinal Fistula / Q000628:therapy*; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D064887:Observational Studies as Topic; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000592:standards*; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000592:standards; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions
keywords: GI fistula; enterocutaneous fistula; nutrition support