title: Mesoporous Calcium Silicate Nanoparticles with Drug Delivery and Odontogenesis Properties.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Calcium silicate (CS) -based materials play an important role in the development of endodontic materials that induce bone/cementum tissue regeneration and inhibit bacterial viability. The aim of this study was to prepare novel mesoporous CS (MesoCS) nanoparticles that have osteogenic, drug delivery, and antibacterial characteristics for endodontic materials and also have an excellent ability to develop apatite mineralization.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MesoCS nanoparticles were prepared using sol-gel methods. In addition, the mesoporous structure, specific surface area, pore volume, and morphology of the MesoCS nanoparticles were analyzed. The apatite mineralization ability, in vitro odontogenic differentiation, drug delivery, and antibacterial properties of the MesoCS nanoparticles were further investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicate that the 200-nm-sized MesoCS nanoparticles synthesized using a facile template method exhibited a high specific surface area and pore volume with internal mesopores (average pore size = 3.05 nm). Furthermore, the MesoCS nanoparticles can be used as drug carriers to maintain sustained release of gentamicin and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). The MesoCS-loaded FGF-2 might stimulate more odontogenic-related protein than CS because of the FGF-2 release.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on this work, it can be inferred that MesoCS nanoparticles are potentially useful endodontic materials for biocompatible and osteogenic dental pulp tissue regenerative materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Division of Family Dentistry, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Yuang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsui-Hsien
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Tze
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yuan-Haw
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Chen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan. Electronic address: eviltacasi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ming-You
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Shie
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017640:Silicates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D005839:Gentamicins; D017640:Silicates; C031293:calcium silicate
keywords: Calcium silicate; dental pulp cell; drug delivery; mesoporous; odontogenic