title: An outbreak of oriental theileriosis in dairy cattle imported to Vietnam from Australia.
abstract: This study reports an outbreak of oriental theileriosis in dairy cattle imported to Vietnam from Australia. Following clinical and pathological diagnoses, a total of 112 cattle blood samples were divided into three groups and tested using multiplexed tandem PCR. Group 1 were from aborted heifers in Vietnam; group 2 were from cattle before shipment from group 1 cattle and group 3 were from the same batch of cattle but transported to Taiwan. Theileria orientalis DNA was detected in 72·3% cattle. The prevalences of T. orientalis in groups 1, 2 and 3 were 77·6, 86·9 and 57·5%, respectively, and the difference in prevalence was significant between groups 1 and 3 (P < 0·0001). The infection intensities of genotypes chitose and ikeda of T. orientalis were higher in groups 1 (57 721 and 33 709, respectively) and 3 (5897 and 61 766, respectively) than those in group 2 (2071 and 6331, respectively). Phylogenetic analyses of the major piroplasm surface protein sequences revealed that genotypes chitose and ikeda determined herein were closely related to those previously reported from Australia. This first report of an outbreak of oriental theileriosis in imported cattle emphasizes improved measures for the export and import of cattle infected with T. orientalis.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences,The University of Melbourne,Werribee, Victoria 3030,Australia.
authors.forename: Hagos
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gebrekidan
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Livestock Services Pty. Ltd.,Charters Towers, Queensland 4820,Australia.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Livestock Services Pty. Ltd.,Charters Towers, Queensland 4820,Australia.
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences,The University of Melbourne,Werribee, Victoria 3030,Australia.
authors.forename: Robin B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gasser
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences,The University of Melbourne,Werribee, Victoria 3030,Australia.
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8888-0046
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jabbar
mesh_terms: D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology; D003132:Commerce; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015994:Incidence; D010802:Phylogeny; D011247:Pregnancy; D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D015995:Prevalence; D016794:Theileria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013801:Theileriasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D014195:Travel; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan
keywords: 
                 Theileria orientalis
              ; Australia; Cattle; MT-PCR; Transboundary infection; Vietnam; conventional PCR