title: Natural brain-information interfaces: Recommending information by relevance inferred from human brain signals.
abstract: Finding relevant information from large document collections such as the World Wide Web is a common task in our daily lives. Estimation of a user's interest or search intention is necessary to recommend and retrieve relevant information from these collections. We introduce a brain-information interface used for recommending information by relevance inferred directly from brain signals. In experiments, participants were asked to read Wikipedia documents about a selection of topics while their EEG was recorded. Based on the prediction of word relevance, the individual's search intent was modeled and successfully used for retrieving new relevant documents from the whole English Wikipedia corpus. The results show that the users' interests toward digital content can be modeled from the brain signals evoked by reading. The introduced brain-relevance paradigm enables the recommendation of information without any explicit user interaction and may be applied across diverse information-intensive applications.
authors.affiliation: Aalto University, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 15400, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland.
authors.forename: Manuel J A
authors.initials: MJA
authors.lastname: Eugster
authors.affiliation: Aalto University, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 15400, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland.
authors.forename: Tuukka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ruotsalo
authors.affiliation: Aalto University, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 15400, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland.
authors.forename: Michiel M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Spapé
authors.affiliation: University of Helsinki, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Oswald
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Barral
authors.affiliation: Aalto University, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 15400, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland.|University of Helsinki, Department of Social Research, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 54, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ravaja
authors.affiliation: Aalto University, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 15400, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland.|University of Helsinki, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jacucci
authors.affiliation: Aalto University, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 15400, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland.|University of Helsinki, Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaski
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D062207:Brain-Computer Interfaces; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D011932:Reading