title: High-speed swept source optical coherence Doppler tomography for deep brain microvascular imaging.
abstract: Noninvasive microvascular imaging using optical coherence Doppler tomography (ODT) has shown great promise in brain studies; however, high-speed microcirculatory imaging in deep brain remains an open quest. A high-speed 1.3 μm swept-source ODT (SS-ODT) system is reported which was based on a 200 kHz vertical-cavity-surface-emitting laser. Phase errors induced by sweep-trigger desynchronization were effectively reduced by spectral phase encoding and instantaneous correlation among the A-scans. Phantom studies have revealed a significant reduction in phase noise, thus an enhancement of minimally detectable flow down to 268.2 μm/s. Further in vivo validation was performed, in which 3D cerebral-blood-flow (CBF) networks in mouse brain over a large field-of-view (FOV: 8.5 × 5 × 3.2 mm3) was scanned through thinned skull. Results showed that fast flows up to 3 cm/s in pial vessels and minute flows down to 0.3 mm/s in arterioles or venules were readily detectable at depths down to 3.2 mm. Moreover, the dynamic changes of the CBF networks elicited by acute cocaine such as heterogeneous responses in various vessel compartments and at different cortical layers as well as transient ischemic events were tracked, suggesting the potential of SS-ODT for brain functional imaging that requires high flow sensitivity and dynamic range, fast frame rate and a large FOV to cover different brain regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.|Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Xiaochun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
authors.forename: Congwu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
authors.forename: Yingtian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004301:Doppler Effect; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*; D014699:Venules / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine