title: Transcriptomic insights into the allelopathic effects of the garlic allelochemical diallyl disulfide on tomato roots.
abstract: Garlic is an allelopathic crop that can alleviate the obstacles to continuous cropping of vegetable crops. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), one of the most important allelochemicals in garlic, promotes tomato root growth. Therefore, the global transcriptome profiles of DADS-treated tomato roots over time were investigated to reveal the potential growth-promoting mechanisms. We detected 1828, 1296 and 1190 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the 4, 24 and 48 h samples, respectively. Most DEGs involved in assimilatory sulfate reduction and glutathione metabolism were up-regulated after short-term (4 h) DADS treatment. In addition, increased activity of defensive enzymes and up-regulation of six peroxidase genes were observed, suggesting that DADS could induce tomato resistance. In plant-pathogen interactions, DEGs related to calcium signaling were primarily inhibited, while those encoding pathogenesis-related proteins were primarily up-regulated. Although plant hormone synthesis and signal transduction were both significantly affected by DADS, the expression trends of the genes in these two pathways were conflicting. This research provides comprehensive information concerning the changes in the tomato root transcriptome affected by DADS and may help direct further studies on DADS-responsive genes to enhance the current understanding of the mechanisms by which DADS alleviates the obstacles to continuous cropping.
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No. 3,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No. 3,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No. 3,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China.
authors.forename: Huan-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000235:genetics; D004220:Disulfides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects*; D015723:Gene Library; D063990:Gene Ontology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010675:Pheromones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000498:Allyl Compounds; D004220:Disulfides; D010675:Pheromones; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C028009:diallyl disulfide