title: Associations with health-related quality of life after intracerebral haemorrhage: pooled analysis of INTERACT studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Limited data exist on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to determine baseline factors associated with HRQoL among participants of the pilot and main phases of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trials (INTERACT 1 and 2).
  
  
  METHODS
  The INTERACT studies were randomised controlled trials of early intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering in patients with ICH (<6 hours) and elevated systolic BP (150-220 mm Hg). HRQoL was determined using the European Quality of Life Scale (EQ-5D) at 90 days, completed by patients or proxy responders. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with poor overall HRQoL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2756 patients were included. Demographic, clinical and radiological factors associated with lower EQ-5D utility score were age, randomisation outside of China, antithrombotic use, high baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, larger ICH, presence of intraventricular extension and use of proxy responders. High (≥14) NIHSS score, larger ICH and proxy responders were associated with low scores in all five dimensions of the EQ-5D. The NIHSS score had a strong association with poor HRQoL (p<0.001). Female gender and antithrombotic use were associated with decreased scores in dimensions of pain/discomfort and usual activity, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor HRQoL was associated with age, comorbidities, proxy source of assessment, clinical severity and ICH characteristics. The strongest association was with initial clinical severity defined by high NIHSS score.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT00226096 and NCT00716079; Post-results.
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Neurology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Candice
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delcourt
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Danni
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|The University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: Maree
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hackett
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisatomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.affiliation: Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Record Linkage, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Heeley
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Rustam
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2108-9222
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Al-Shahi Salman
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Nuffield Department of Population Health, The George Institute for Global Health, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Woodward
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yining
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Unit for Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Thompson
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Pablo M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Lavados
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Westmead Hospital Clinical School, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Lindley
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, CRCHUM, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stapf
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Neurology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Neurology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chalmers
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Neurology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|The George Institute for Global Health China at Peking University Health Sciences Center, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Craig S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents