title: Current and future biomarkers in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. CRC develops as a consequence of genomic instability, characterized by various genetic and epigenetic alterations. Its molecular heterogeneity explains the large variability in patient prognosis and treatment response, emphasizing the need for development of accurate prognostic and predictive biomarkers. This article delineates the different pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis and its molecular subtype classification. With this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current and future biomarkers guiding clinical decision-making and CRC treatment.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology , Imelda General Hospital , Bonheiden , Belgium.|b Department of Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology , University Hospitals Gasthuisberg Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
authors.forename: Pieter-Jan
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Cuyle
authors.affiliation: b Department of Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology , University Hospitals Gasthuisberg Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prenen
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D057285:Precision Medicine; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: BRAF; CDX2; Colorectal cancer; DNA mismatch repair; EGFR; HER2; Liquid biopsy; MSI; Molecular subtypes; Personalized medicine; Predictive markers; Prognostic markers; RAS; Targeted therapy; VEGF