title: Evidence of dietary calcium and vitamin D inadequacies in a population of dental patients.
abstract: To determine the dietary calcium and vitamin D intake of a cohort of dental patients identified as being at risk of inadequacy based on a 24-hour food recall.
  
  
  
  A retrospective chart analysis was carried out on 5-day food record and nutrient analyses of 670 dental patients aged 18 to 82 years obtained over a 10-year period. All patients had scored poorly on a 24-hour food recall survey during their initial examination.
  
  
  
  The overall mean and median calcium and vitamin D intakes of the patients were significantly lower than the current estimated needs for the general population. Although calcium intake did not change over the 10-year period, vitamin D consumption decreased. The greatest dietary intake inadequacies for both calcium and vitamin D were seen in both male and female patients over age 50 years.
  
  
  
  A 24-Hour Food Recall Questionnaire may be an effective means for the oral health professional to screen patients for calcium and vitamin D and other nutrient inadequacies.
  
  
  
  Screening for potential dietary inadequacies of calcium and vitamin D may identify patients potentially at risk for poor bone health. Our results indicate that the dental health professional can obtain evidence necessary to change patient dietary behavior and thus contribute to successful treatment outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Electronic address: dj.pehowich@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Pehowich
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: Enid D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Pehowich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002118:Calcium / Q000172:deficiency*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014807:Vitamin D; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D014807:Vitamin D; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Calcium; Deficiencies; Dental patients; Nutrition; Vitamin D