title: Alternative roles for oxidized mCs and TETs.
abstract: Ten-eleven-translocation (TET) proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to form stable or transient modifications (oxi-mCs) in the mammalian genome. Genome-wide mapping and protein interaction studies have shown that 5mC and oxi-mCs have unique distribution patterns and alternative roles in gene expression. In addition, oxi-mCs may interact with specific chromatin regulators, transcription factors and DNA repair proteins to maintain genomic integrity or alter DNA replication and transcriptional elongation rates. In this review we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of how TETs and 5hmC exert their epigenetic function as tumor suppressors by playing alternative roles in transcriptional regulation and genomic stability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center and Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: luisa.cimmino@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cimmino
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center and Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Iannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aifantis
mesh_terms: D044503:5-Methylcytosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics*; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D044503:5-Methylcytosine