title: The Pharyngoesophageal Segment After Total Laryngectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to characterize the pharyngoesophageal segment in laryngectomees who rated themselves as functional tracheoesophageal speakers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Voice perceptual assessment, high-resolution videomanometry of swallowing and phonation, and high-speed camera recording during phonation provided information about the anatomy and function of the pharyngoesophageal segment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients were included in the study. The voice assessments presented high intra/inter-listener reliability. We found a significant correlation between roughness and poor voice quality, hyperfunction and poor intelligibility, and poor voice quality, long time since the operation, and old age. High-resolution videomanometry during phonation revealed decreasing mean pressures from the distal esophagus to the pharynx and confirmed low resting pressures at the pharyngoesophageal segment and low esophageal peristaltic contraction pressures after laryngectomy in comparison to normal subjects. The neoglottis shape was mainly circular and presented a strong mucosal wave in most of the patients on the high-speed camera recording.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perceptual voice assessment and high-speed camera recordings provided baseline information about voice characteristics and vibration regularity of the neoglottis. Additionally, the quantitative measures obtained with high-resolution videomanometry may have clinical applicability as reference data in voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö and Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arenaz Búa
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö and Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö and Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Westin
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö and Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rydell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D007825:Laryngectomy; D007831:Larynx, Artificial; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation; D013065:Speech Intelligibility; D013071:Speech, Alaryngeal; D013072:Speech, Esophageal; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D014132:Trachea / Q000601:surgery*; D014833:Voice Quality
keywords: high-resolution videomanometry (HRVM); high-speed camera (HSC); pharyngoesophageal segment (PES); total laryngectomy (TL); tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis (TEVP)