title: Effects of polydextrose with breakfast or with a midmorning preload on food intake and other appetite-related parameters in healthy normal-weight and overweight females: An acute, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and crossover study.
abstract: Polydextrose (PDX) reduces subsequent energy intake (EI) when administered at midmorning in single-blind trials of primarily normal-weight men. However, it is unclear if this effect also occurs when PDX is given at breakfast time. Furthermore, for ecological validity, it is desirable to study a female population, including those at risk for obesity. We studied the effects of PDX, served as part of a breakfast or midmorning preload, on subsequent EI and other appetite-related parameters in healthy normal-weight and overweight females. Per earlier studies, the primary outcome was defined as the difference in subsequent EI when PDX was consumed at midmorning versus placebo. Thirty-two volunteers were enrolled in this acute, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, and crossover trial to examine the effects of 12.5 g of PDX, administered as part of a breakfast or midmorning preload, on subsequent EI, subjective feelings of appetite, well-being, and mood. Gastric emptying rates and the blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, cholecystokinin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine were measured in the group that received PDX as part of their breakfast. There were no differences in EI between volunteers who were fed PDX and placebo. PDX intake with breakfast tended to elevate blood glucose (P = 0.06) during the postabsorptive phase, significantly lowered insulin by 15.7% (P = 0.04), and increased GLP-1 by 39.9% (P = 0.02); no other effects on blood parameters or gastric emptying rates were observed. PDX intake at midmorning reduced hunger by 31.4% during the satiation period (P = 0.02); all other subjective feelings of appetite were unaffected. Volunteers had a uniform mood profile during the study. PDX was well tolerated, causing one mild adverse event throughout the trial.
authors.affiliation: DuPont Nutrition and Health, Kantvik, Finland. Electronic address: alvin.ibarra@dupont.com.
authors.forename: Alvin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibarra
authors.affiliation: DuPont Nutrition and Health, Kantvik, Finland.
authors.forename: Kaisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Olli
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wilrike
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pasman
authors.affiliation: Hendriks Nutrition Support for Business, Zeist, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.affiliation: Avoltus Oy, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Esa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alhoniemi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Ghulam Shere
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Herzig
authors.affiliation: DuPont Nutrition and Health, Kantvik, Finland.
authors.forename: Kirsti
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tiihonen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D062408:Breakfast / Q000187:drug effects / Q000523:psychology; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005503:Food Additives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D005936:Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000187:drug effects; D050177:Overweight / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004151:Dipeptides; D005503:Food Additives; D054439:Ghrelin; D005936:Glucans; C042696:tyrosyltyrosine; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D002766:Cholecystokinin; C033375:polydextrose
keywords: Appetite; Energy intake; GLP-1; Insulin; Overweight; Satiation