title: The correlation of TAS2R38 gene variants with higher risk for chronic rhinosinusitis in Polish patients.
abstract: Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs), especially T2R38s appear as innovative regulators of innate immunity in the respiratory system. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TAS2R38 gene may contribute to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infections especially chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). TAS2R38 genotypes distribution varies by geographic region, race and ethnicity. The aim of the preliminary study was the identification of SNPs in TAS2R38 encoding genes in Polish patients with CRS and finding potential correlation with CRS phenotypes.
  
  
  
  The preliminary study contained 20 CRS patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Fresh sinus mucosa (SM) was obtained during FESS in CRS patients. Patients were genotyped for TAS2R38 using Sanger method and the genotype occurrences of the clinically recalcitrant CRS cohort was evaluated. Analysis of TAS2R38 expression in SM of CRS patients was performed using immunohistochemistry (IHC).
  
  
  
  T2R38 was highly expressed in SM of CRS patients. Patients with CRS demonstrated both common genotypes PAV, AVI. The heterozygotes frequency (AVI/PAV) was the highest. The protective genotype (PAV/PAV) was noticed in the lowest frequency and connected with lower average value of CT score compare to AVI/AVI genotypes (p=0.01).
  
  
  
  The work presented in this study provides the hypothesis that airway bitter T2Rs are an innovative sphere of human respiratory innate protection. TAS2R38 polymorphism may influence the susceptibility to CRS. The AVI haplotypes are an independent risk factors for CRS. Additionally, the bitter taste receptors and related signalling pathways might create an unique group of therapeutic targets to treat CRS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland, Department of Otolaryngology, Miedzyleski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dżaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zagor
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Cancer Centre, Warsaw, Poland
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stachowiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Cancer Centre, Warsaw, Poland
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bielińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Cancer Centre, Warsaw, Poland
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sarnowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krzeski
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
authors.forename: Ireneusz
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kantor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
keywords: TAS2R38; bitter taste receptors; chronic sinusitis