title: CO2BOLD assessment of moyamoya syndrome: Validation with single photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the assessment of cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) using CO2BOLD magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)vspositron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) as reference standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten consecutive patients (8 women, mean age of 41 ± 26 years) with moyamoya syndrome underwent 14 pre-surgical evaluations for external-internal carotid artery bypass surgery. CVR was assessed using CO2BOLD and PET (4)/SPECT (11) with a maximum interval of 36 d, and evaluated by two experienced neuroradiologists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The inter-rater agreement was 0.81 for SPECT (excellent), 0.43 for PET (fair) and 0.7 for CO2BOLD (good). In 9/14 cases, there was a correspondence between CO2BOLD and PET/SPECT. In 4/14 cases, CVR was over-estimated in CO2BOLD, while in 1/14 case, CVR was underestimated in CO2BOLD. The sensitivity of CO2BOLD was 86% and a specificity of 43%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CO2BOLD can be used for pre-surgical assessment of CVR in patients with moyamoya syndrome and combines the advantages of absent irradiation, high availability of MRI and assessment of brain parenchyma, cerebral vessels and surrogate CVR in one stop.
authors.affiliation: Alain Pellaton, Laurie Bouchez, Victor Cuvinciuc, Isabelle Barnaure, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Sven Haller, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pellaton
authors.affiliation: Alain Pellaton, Laurie Bouchez, Victor Cuvinciuc, Isabelle Barnaure, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Sven Haller, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bijlenga
authors.affiliation: Alain Pellaton, Laurie Bouchez, Victor Cuvinciuc, Isabelle Barnaure, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Sven Haller, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bouchez
authors.affiliation: Alain Pellaton, Laurie Bouchez, Victor Cuvinciuc, Isabelle Barnaure, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Sven Haller, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cuvinciuc
authors.affiliation: Alain Pellaton, Laurie Bouchez, Victor Cuvinciuc, Isabelle Barnaure, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Sven Haller, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barnaure
authors.affiliation: Alain Pellaton, Laurie Bouchez, Victor Cuvinciuc, Isabelle Barnaure, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Sven Haller, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Garibotto
authors.affiliation: Alain Pellaton, Laurie Bouchez, Victor Cuvinciuc, Isabelle Barnaure, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Sven Haller, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Karl-Olof
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Lövblad
authors.affiliation: Alain Pellaton, Laurie Bouchez, Victor Cuvinciuc, Isabelle Barnaure, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Sven Haller, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haller
keywords: CO2BOLD; Cerebrovascular reserve; Moyamoya; Vascular reserve