title: Modeling Lactic Fermentation of Gowé Using Lactobacillus Starter Culture.
abstract: A global model of the lactic fermentation step of gowé was developed by assembling blocks hosting models for bacterial growth, lactic acid production, and the drop of pH during fermentation. Commercial strains ofLactobacillus brevisand ofLactobacillus plantarumwere used; their growth was modeled using Rosso's primary model and the gamma concept as a secondary model. The optimum values of pH and temperature were 8.3 ± 0.3, 44.6 ± 1.2 °C and 8.3 ± 0.3, 3.2 ± 37.1 °C with μmaxvalues of 1.8 ± 0.2 and 1.4 ± 0.1 forL. brevisandL. plantarumrespectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of undissociated lactic acid was 23.7 mM and 35.6 mM forL. brevisandL. plantarum, respectively. The yield of lactic acid was five times higher forL. plantarumthan forL. brevis, with a yield of glucose conversion to lactic acid close to 2.0 for the former and 0.8 for the latter. A model was developed to predict the pH drop during gowé fermentation. The global model was partially validated during manufacturing of gowé. The global model could be a tool to aid in the choice of suitable starters and to determine the conditions for the use of the starter.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Superior de Tecnologia Agro-Alimentar de Malanje-ISTAM, EN. 230, Cangambo, Malanje, Angola. kudymwena@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Bettencourt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de J C Munanga
authors.affiliation: Montpellier SupAgro, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier 34398, France. loiseau@cirad.fr.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Loiseau
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier 34398, France. joel.grabulos@cirad.fr.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grabulos
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier 34398, France. christian.mestres@cirad.fr.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mestres
keywords: cereal based product; fermented food; growth; lactic acid bacteria; mathematical model