title: Habitat-related variation in composition of the essential oil of Seseli rigidum Waldst. & Kit. (Apiaceae).
abstract: Plant specialised metabolites like essential oils are highly variable depending on genetic and various ecological factors. The aim of the present work was to characterise essential oils of the species Seseli rigidum Waldst. & Kit. (Apiaceae) in various organs on the individual and populational levels. Geographical variability and the impact of climate and soil type on essential oil composition were also investigated. Individually sampled essential oils of roots, aerial parts and fruits of plants from seven populations were analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The investigated populations showed high interpopulational and especially intrapopulational variability of essential oil composition. In regard to the variability of essential oils, different chemotypes were defined. The essential oils of S. rigidum roots represented a falcarinol chemotype, oils of aerial parts constituted an α-pinene or α-pinene/sabinene chemotype and fruit essential oils can be characterised as belonging to a complex sabinene/α-pinene/β-phellandrene/falcarinol/germacrene B chemotype. At the species level, analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) showed that the plant part exerted the strongest influence on the composition of essential oils. Climate had a high impact on composition of the essential oils of roots, aerial parts and fruits, while influence of the substrate was less pronounced. The variations in main compounds of essential oils based on climate or substrate were complex and specific to the plant part.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, V. Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: mirasim@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marčetić
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, V. Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: nadak@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kovačević
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, Takovska 43, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: dlakusic@bio.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Dmitar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lakušić
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, V. Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: blakusic@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Branislava
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lakušić
mesh_terms: D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; C058582:beta-phellandrene; C010789:beta-pinene; C035127:sabinene; C005451:alpha-pinene
keywords: ANOVA; Apiaceae; CDA; Chemotype; Essential oil; GC; GC-MS; PCA; Seseli rigidum; Variability