title: Prevention of hypertension-induced vascular dementia by Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101-fermented products.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Numerous etiological studies have established positive clinical association between hypertension and vascular dementia (VaD). Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101-fermented products have been shown to decrease vascular risk factors such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia and obesity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the effect of ethanol extract of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101-fermented products (NTU101F) in hypertension-induced VaD in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hypertension was promoted by subcutaneous injection of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA, 25 mg/kg body weight/day, twice a week) and substitution of drinking water with 1.0% NaCl and 0.2% KCl. The NTU101F groups (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0) administered NTU101F at the concentrations 11, 22, and 110 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively, starting from day 51 day of DOCA-salt treatment. Morris water maze (MWM) was used for testing learning and memory. Different biochemical estimations were used to assess oxidative stress and inflammatory response in hippocampus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of NTU101F in DOCA-salt hypertension-induced VaD rats resulted in a significant decrease in blood pressure by 18.3-23.2% (p < 0.001), which was regulated by increasing eNOS density (about 3-fold) in the aorta, promoting NO production, and decreasing of matrix metallopeptidase 9 activity (about 2-fold) in the hippocampus, in addition to improve the kidney function and structure, decrease escape latency and increase the times spent in the target quadrant by 23.5-27.8% (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, our findings suggest that NTU101F could exert neuroprotection in the brain and attenuate hypertension-induced VaD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemical Science & Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Meng-Chun
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemical Science & Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D043302:Cultured Milk Products; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003704:Dementia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D064791:Desoxycorticosterone Acetate; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004549:Elastin / Q000378:metabolism; D004924:Escape Reaction / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D064791:Desoxycorticosterone Acetate; D004549:Elastin; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C572337:Mmp9 protein, rat
keywords: Fermentation; deoxycorticosterone acetate; hypertension; vascular dementia