title: High salt diet stimulates gut Th17 response and exacerbates TNBS-induced colitis in mice.
abstract: This study focuses on characterizing the effect of a high salt diet (HSD) on intestinal immunity and the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We found that mice on a HSD had an increased frequency of IL-17A producing cells in the intestinal lamina propria (LP) compared to mice on a normal diet (ND). Furthermore, most intestinal IL-17A producing cells were CD4+TCRβ+ cells. A HSD increased the LP T helper 17 (Th17) responses in both the small and large intestines but did not increase the Th17 response of other gut-associated lymphoid organ. Although, HSD did not change the percentage of regulatory T (Treg) cells, HSD significantly inhibit secretion of IL-10 and the suppressive function of Treg cells. Moreover, we found that HSD exacerbates trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis, and Th17 response was significantly increased in the colonic LP of HSD TNBS-treated mice compared with the ND TNBS-treated mice. This study demonstrates that HSD stimulates the intestinal Th17 response but inhibits the function of Treg cells. Moreover, HSD exacerbates TNBS induced mice colitis, suggesting that HSD disrupts the intestinal immunity and increases the risk of IBD.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yingfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jianing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Guangying
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Tianming
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Lanjuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uede
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Diao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D000072336:Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
keywords: Immune response; Immunity; Immunology and Microbiology Section; Th17 cells; high salt diet; inflammatory bowel diseases; intestinal immunity; regulatory T cells