title: Biological Characteristics of H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses from Healthy Chickens in Shanghai, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND H9N2 avian influenza viruses that circulate in domestic poultry in eastern China pose challenges to human health. However, few studies have compared the biological characteristics of H9N2 viruses isolated from healthy chickens in Shanghai. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three H9N2 viruses - CK/SH/Y1/07, CK/SH/Y1/02, and CK/SH/23/13 - isolated from healthy chickens in Shanghai between 2002 and 2013, were selected and their biological characteristics were determined. RESULTS All 3 H9N2 viruses showed a preference for both the avian- and human-like receptors, and they replicated well in MDCK and A549 cells. All H9N2 viruses were non-pathogenic to mini-pigs and were detected in the trachea and lung tissues. The CK/SH/Y1/07 and CK/SH/Y1/02 viruses were transmitted to mini-pigs through direct-contact or respiratory droplet exposure, but CK/SH/23/13 virus was not. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that H9N2 viruses isolated from healthy chickens in Shanghai efficiently replicate and transmit among pigs and other mammals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).|Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Qingfeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).|Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Qianli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).|Department of Public Health Microbiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Liwen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).|Department of Public Health Microbiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).|Department of Public Health Microbiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Lufang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).|Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Qingwu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology*; D002681:China; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000821:virology; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000821:virology; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000821:virology