title: Nonlinear Optical Materials for the Smart Filtering of Optical Radiation.
abstract: The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their relevant photophysical features for various groups of materials, including organic dyes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines (and derivatives), other common organic materials, mixed metal complexes and clusters, fullerenes, dendrimeric nanocomposites, polymeric materials (organic and/or inorganic), inorganic semiconductors, and other nanoscopic materials, utilized or potentially useful for the realization of devices able to filter in a smart way an external radiation. The concept of smart is referred to the characteristic of those materials that are capable to filter the radiation in a dynamic way without the need of an ancillary system for the activation of the required transmission change. In particular, this Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the function of optical power limiting. All known mechanisms of optical limiting have been analyzed and discussed for the different types of materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza" , P.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dini
authors.affiliation: CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra , Rua Larga, P 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Mário J F
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Calvete
authors.affiliation: Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanack
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D008027:Light; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D055096:Optical Devices; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D050091:Dendrimers; D011166:Porphyrins; D002244:Carbon