title: Typing of colon and lung adenocarcinoma by high throughput imaging mass spectrometry.
abstract: In advanced tumor stages, diagnosis is frequently made from metastatic tumor tissue. In some cases, the identification of the tumor of origin may be difficult by histology alone. In this setting, immunohistochemical and molecular biological methods are often required. In a subset of tumors definite diagnosis cannot be achieved. Thus, additional new diagnostic methods are required for precise tumor subtyping. Mass spectrometric methods are of special interest for the discrimination of different tumor types. We investigated whether it is possible to discern adenocarcinomas of colon and lung using high-throughput imaging mass spectrometry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays. 101 primary adenocarcinoma of the colon and 91 primary adenocarcinoma of the lung were used to train a Linear Discriminant Analysis model. Results were validated on an independent set of 116 colonic and 75 lung adenocarcinomas. In the validation cohort 109 of 116 patients with colonic and 67 of 75 patients with lung adenocarcinomas were correctly classified. The ability to define proteomic profiles capable to discern different tumor types promises a valuable tool in cancer diagnostics and might complement current approaches. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MALDI Imaging, edited by Dr. Corinna Henkel and Prof. Peter Hoffmann.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: mark.kriegsmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kriegsmann
authors.affiliation: Proteopath GmbH, Trier, Germany. Electronic address: r.longuespee@molekularpatho-trier.de.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Longuespée
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Trier, Trier, Germany. Electronic address: petrawandernoth@gmx.de.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wandernoth
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Trier, Trier, Germany. Electronic address: cristinamohanu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mohanu
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: Katharina.lisenko@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lisenko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, TU Munich, Munich, Germany. Electronic address: wilko.weichert@tum.de.
authors.forename: Wilko
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weichert
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Germany. Electronic address: arne.warth@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Warth
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: hendrik.dienemann@thoraxklinik-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dienemann
authors.affiliation: Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Systems Biology and Chemical Biology, GIGA-Research, University of Liège, Belgium. Electronic address: e.depauw@ulg.ac.be.
authors.forename: Edwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Pauw
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hospital Aschaffenburg, Aschaffenburg, Germany. Electronic address: tiemo.katzenberger@klinikum-ab-alz.de.
authors.forename: Tiemo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katzenberger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: daniela.aust@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aust
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: gustavo.baretton@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baretton
authors.affiliation: Proteopath GmbH, Trier, Germany; Center for Histology, Cytology and Molecular Diagnostics Trier, Trier, Germany. Electronic address: kriegsmann@patho-trier.de.
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kriegsmann
authors.affiliation: Proteopath GmbH, Trier, Germany. Electronic address: r.casadonte@molekularpatho-trier.de.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casadonte
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods
keywords: Adenocarcinoma; Colon; Imaging mass spectrometry; Lung; MALDI; Tumor-typing