title: Endogenous Stem Cells Were Recruited by Defocused Low-Energy Shock Wave in Treating Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction.
abstract: Defocused low-energy shock wave (DLSW) has been shown effects on activating mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in vitro. In this study, recruitment of endogenous stem cells was firstly examined as an important pathway during the healing process of diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) treated by DLSW in vivo. Neonatal rats received intraperitoneal injection of 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) and then DBD rat model was created by injecting streptozotocin. Four weeks later, DLSW treatment was performed. Afterward, their tissues were examined by histology. Meanwhile, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were treated by DLSW in vitro. Results showed DLSW ameliorated voiding function of diabetic rats by recruiting EdU+Stro-1+CD34-endogenous stem cells to release abundant nerve growth factor (NGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Some EdU+cells overlapped with staining of smooth muscle actin. After DLSW treatment, ADSCs showed higher migration ability, higher expression level of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and secreted more NGF and VEGF. In conclusion, DLSW could ameliorate DBD by recruiting endogenous stem cells. Beneficial effects were mediated by secreting NGF and VEGF, resulting into improved innervation and vascularization in bladder.
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing5 Wei7 Road, Jinan, 250021, China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing5 Wei7 Road, Jinan, 250021, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing5 Wei7 Road, Jinan, 250021, China.
authors.forename: Muwen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing5 Wei7 Road, Jinan, 250021, China.
authors.forename: Xunbo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing5 Wei7 Road, Jinan, 250021, China. zhyhope77@163.com.|Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. zhyhope77@163.com.
authors.forename: Haiyang
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3790-4874
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C498862:Acta2 protein, rat
keywords: adipose tissue-derived stem cells; angiogenesis; defocused low-energy shock wave; mesenchymal stromal cells; vascular endothelial growth factor