title: Emergency Radiology Practice Patterns: Shifts, Schedules, and Job Satisfaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the practice environment of emergency radiologists with a focus on schedule, job satisfaction, and self-perception of health, wellness, and diagnostic accuracy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey drawing from prior radiology and health care shift-work literature was distributed via e-mail to national societies, teleradiology groups, and private practices. The survey remained open for 4 weeks in 2016, with one reminder. Data were analyzed using hypothesis testing and logistic regression modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Response rate was 29.6% (327/1106); 69.1% of respondents (n = 226) were greater than 40 years old, 73% (n = 240) were male, and 87% (n = 284) practiced full time. With regard to annual overnight shifts (NS): 36% (n = 118) did none, 24.9% (n = 81) did 182 or more, and 15.6% (n = 51) did 119. There was a significant association between average NS worked per year and both perceived negative health effects (P < .01) and negative impact on memory (P < .01). There was an inverse association between overall job enjoyment and number of annual NS (P < .05). The odds of agreeing to the statement "I enjoy my job" for radiologists who work no NS is 2.21 times greater than for radiologists who work at least 119 NS, when shift length is held constant. Radiologists with 11+ years of experience who work no NS or 1 to 100 NS annually have lower odds of feeling overwhelmed when compared with those working the same number of NS with <10 years' experience.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is significant variation in emergency radiology practice patterns. Annual NS burden is associated with lower job satisfaction and negative health self-perception.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Radiology, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: tarek.hanna@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Tarek N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Radiology, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Haris
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shekhani
authors.affiliation: Virtual Radiologic Professionals, Eden Prairie, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lamoureux
authors.affiliation: Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mar
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Imaging, Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: Refky
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nicola
authors.affiliation: Trauma and Emergency Radiology Section, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Clint
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sliker
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Radiology, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Jamlik-Omari
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004635:Emergency Medicine; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Emergency radiology; afterhours; night; radiology; shift work