title: Evaluation of lesion detectability in positron emission tomography when using a convergent penalized likelihood image reconstruction method.
abstract: We have previously developed a convergent penalized likelihood (PL) image reconstruction algorithm using the relative difference prior (RDP) and showed that it achieves more accurate lesion quantitation compared to ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM). We evaluated the detectability of low-contrast liver and lung lesions using the PL-RDP algorithm compared to OSEM. We performed a two-alternative forced choice study using a channelized Hotelling observer model that was previously validated against human observers. Lesion detectability showed a stronger dependence on lesion size for PL-RDP than OSEM. Lesion detectability was improved using time-of-flight (TOF) reconstruction, with greater benefit for the liver compared to the lung and with increasing benefit for decreasing lesion size and contrast. PL detectability was statistically significantly higher than OSEM for 20 mm liver lesions when contrast was [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]), and TOF PL detectability was statistically significantly higher than TOF OSEM for 15 and 20 mm liver lesions with contrast [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. For all other cases, there was no statistically significant difference between PL and OSEM ([Formula: see text]). For the range of studied lesion properties, lesion detectability using PL-RDP was equivalent or improved compared to using OSEM.
authors.affiliation: General Electric Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States; University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, 3720 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
authors.forename: Kristen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wangerin
authors.affiliation: General Electric Global Research Center , 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States.
authors.forename: Sangtae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: General Electric Healthcare , 3000 North Grandview Boulevard, Waukesha, Wisconsin 53188, United States.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wollenweber
authors.affiliation: General Electric Healthcare , 3000 North Grandview Boulevard, Waukesha, Wisconsin 53188, United States.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, 3720 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States; University of Washington, Department of Radiology, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Kinahan
authors.affiliation: General Electric Global Research Center , 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States.
authors.forename: Ravindra M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Manjeshwar
keywords: lesion detection; maximum likelihood; model observers; penalized likelihood; positron emission tomography imaging