title: Cancer treatment induced metabolic syndrome: Improving outcome with lifestyle.
abstract: Increasing numbers of long-term cancer survivors face important treatment related adverse effects. Cancer treatment induced metabolic syndrome (CTIMetS) is an especially prevalent and harmful condition. The aetiology of CTIMetS likely differs from metabolic syndrome in the general population, but effective treatment and prevention methods are probably similar. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms leading to the development of CTIMetS after various types of cancer treatment. Furthermore, we propose a safe and accessible method to treat or prevent CTIMetS through lifestyle change. In particular, we suggest that a lifestyle intervention and optimization of energy balance can prevent or mitigate the development of CTIMetS, which may contribute to optimal survivorship care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Westerink
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nuver
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lefrandt
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Vrieling
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gietema
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.walenkamp@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: A M E
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Walenkamp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D015995:Prevalence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Cancer; Cancer treatment protocols; Exercise; Life style; Metabolic syndrome X; Survivors