title: Hypolipidemic effect of β-caryophyllene to treat hyperlipidemic rats.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of β-caryophyllene on hypercholesterolemia using a model of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339 in rats, as well as its possible effect on hepatic antioxidant enzymes. Thus, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured in serum, while reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutayl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were measured in the hepatic tissue. In addition, seric concentrations of β-caryophyllene were measured to perform correlation studies. Serum samples from hypercholesterolemic rats show higher (p < 0.05) levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, and lower (p < 0.05) levels of HDL cholesterol compared to non-hypercholesterolemic rats. β-Caryophyllene treatment reduced (p < 0.05) the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, similar to the reference drug simvastatin. However, HDL cholesterol levels did not increase with the treatment. β-Caryophyllene treatment was able to inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase activity, as well as to prevent the increase on ROS and TBARS levels, and ameliorate the antioxidant system. In summary, our findings demonstrated that β-caryophyllene has hypolipidemic effect via inhibition of the hepatic HMG-CoA reductase, like the standard drug simvastatin, and this inhibition suggests a possible mechanism of hypolipidemic action. Thus, our results indicate that β-caryophyllene can be used to treat dyslipidemic diseases because it exerts a similar effect as the reference drug, protecting the liver against lipid damage and improving the hepatic antioxidant defense system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. matheusd.biomed@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Matheus D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Baldissera
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carine F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thirssa H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Grando
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Doleski
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boligon
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lenita M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Stefani
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. sgmonteiro@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Silvia G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Monteiro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000494:pharmacology; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008055:Lipids; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D019821:Simvastatin; C024714:caryophyllene; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C016811:tyloxapol
keywords: Cholesterols; Dyslipidemia; HMG-CoA reductase; Natural compound