title: Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) Seed Consumption And Aerobic Training Improves Biomarkers Associated with Atherosclerosis in Women with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D).
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of atherosclerosis plaque biomarkers to purslane seed consumption and aerobic training in women with T2D. 196 women with T2D were assigned into; (1) placebo (PL), (2) aerobic training+placebo (AT + PL), 3) purslane seeds (PS), aerobic training+purslane seeds (AT + PS). The training program and purslane seeds consumption (2.5 g lunch and 5 g dinner) were carried out for 16 weeks. The components of purslane seed were identified and quantified by GC-MS. Blood samples were withdrawn via venipuncture to examine blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), creatinine, urea, uric acid, NF-κB, GLP1, GLP1R, TIMP-1, MMP2, MMP9, CRP, CST3, and CTSS expressions. Blood glucose, LDL, cholesterol, TG, creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels in the (P), (AT), and (AT + PS) groups were significantly decreased compared to the pre-experimental levels or the placebo group, while HDL, significantly increased. Furthermore, the protein and mRNA levels of NF-κB, TIMP-1, MMP2 &9, CRP, CST3, and CTSS in the (P), (AT), (AT + PS) significantly decreased compared to pre-experimental or the placebo group, while level of GLP1 and GLP1-R increased drastically. Findings suggest that purslane seed consumption alongside exercising could improve atherosclerosis plaque biomarkers through synergistically mechanisms in T2D.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Firouzeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dehghan
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Rahman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soori
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Khadijeh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gholami
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abolmaesoomi
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Science, Sports Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ashril
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yusof
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sekaran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muniandy
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heidarzadeh
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farzanegi
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali Azarbayjani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D031822:Portulaca / Q000737:chemistry*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases