title: Study ofHoltermanniella wattica,Leucosporidium creatinivorum,Naganishia adeliensis,Solicoccozyma aeria,andSolicoccozyma terricolafor their lipogenic aptitude from different carbon sources.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ability of some microorganisms to accumulate lipids is well known; however, only recently the number of studies on microbial lipid biosynthesis for obtaining oleochemical products, namely biofuels and some building blocks for chemistry, is rapidly and spectacularly increased. Since 1990s, some oleaginous yeasts were studied for their ability to accumulate lipids up to 60-70% of their dry weight. Due to the vast array of engineering techniques currently available, the recombinant DNA technology was the main approach followed so far for obtaining lipid-overproducing yeasts, mainly belonging to theYarrowia lipolytica. However, an alternative approach can be offered by worldwide diversity as source of novel oleaginous yeasts. Lipogenic aptitude of a number of yeast strains has been reviewed, but many of these studies utilized a limited number of species and/or different culture conditions that make impossible the comparison of different results. Accordingly, the lipogenic aptitude inside the yeast world is still far from being fully explored, and finding new oleaginous yeast species can acquire a strategic importance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Holtermanniella wattica,Leucosporidium creatinivorum,Naganishia adeliensis,Solicoccozyma aeria,andSolicoccozyma terricolastrains were selected as a result of a large-scale screening on 706 yeasts (both Ascomycota and Basidiomycota). Lipid yields and fatty acid profiles of selected strains were evaluated at 20 and 25 °C on glucose, and on glycerol, xylose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, and cellobiose. A variable fatty acid profile was observed in dependence of both temperature and different carbon sources. On the whole,L. creatinivorumexhibited the highest performances: total lipid yield (YL) >7 g/l on glucose and glycerol, % of intracellular lipids on cell biomass (YL/DW) >70% at 20 °C on glucose, lipid coefficient (YL/Glu) around 20% on glucose, and daily productivity (YL/d) on glucose and sucrose >1.6 g/(l*d).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides some meaningful information about the lipogenic ability of some yeast species. Variable lipid yields and fatty acid profiles were observed in dependence of both temperature and different carbon sources.L. creatinivorumexhibited the highest lipogenic performances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences & Industrial Yeasts Collection DBVPG, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filippucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences & Industrial Yeasts Collection DBVPG, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tasselli
authors.affiliation: Laboratories of Biotechnology, Novamont S.p.A, via Fauser 8, Novara, 28100 Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scardua
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences & Industrial Yeasts Collection DBVPG, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Di Mauro
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, Modena, 41125 Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Rita
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cramarossa
authors.affiliation: Laboratories of Biotechnology, Novamont S.p.A, via Fauser 8, Novara, 28100 Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perini
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences & Industrial Yeasts Collection DBVPG, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Turchetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences & Industrial Yeasts Collection DBVPG, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onofri
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, Modena, 41125 Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forti
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences & Industrial Yeasts Collection DBVPG, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buzzini
keywords: Fatty acid profile; Large-scale screening; Leucosporidium creatinivorum; Lipid yield; Oleaginous yeasts