title: Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimal inhibitory concentration ofPseudomonas aeruginosaisolated from septic ocular surface disease in different animal species.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility profile ofPseudomonas aeruginosaisolated from different animal species with septic ocular surface disease. Sixteen strains ofP. aeruginosawere isolated from different species of animals (dog, cat, horse, penguin and brown bear) with ocular surface diseases such as conjunctivitis, keratocojnuctivits sicca and ulcerative keratitis. These isolates were tested against 11 different antimicrobials agents using the Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using E-tests for two antibiotics (tobramycin and ciprofloxacin) commonly used in veterinary ophthalmology practice. Imipenem was the most effective antibiotic, with 100% of the strains being susceptible, followed by amikacin (87.5%), gentamicin, norfloxacin, gatifloxacin and polymyxin (both with 81.5%of susceptibility). MIC90of ciprofloxacin was 2 µg/ml and the values found ranged from 0.094 µg/ml to 32 µg/ml. For tobramycin, MIC90was 32 µg/ml and ranged from 0.25 µg/ml to 256 µg/ml. The most effectivein vitroantibiotic tested againstP. aeruginosain this study was imipenem, followed by amikacin. The 3 mg/ml eye drops commercially available ciprofloxacin presentations werein vitroeffective against all strains tested in this study if applied up to 4 hours after instillation. Whereas for tobramycin the 3 mg/ml eye drops commercial presentations were notin vitroeffective against some strains isolated in this study. Thus for ocular infections withP. aeruginosawhen using tobramycin the ideal recommendation would be to either use eye drops with higher concentrations or decrease the frequency intervals from four to a minimum of every two hours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leigue
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montiani-Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Specialty Hospital of San Diego, 10435 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Moore
keywords: Antibiotic; Antimicrobial profile; Bacteria; Ocular infections