title: Effects of exercise intervention in breast cancer patients: is mobile health (mHealth) with pedometer more effective than conventional program using brochure?
abstract: To investigate and compare the effects of mobile health (mHealth) and pedometer with conventional exercise program using a brochure on physical function and quality of life (QOL).
  
  
  
  The study was a prospective, quasi-randomized multicenter trial where 356 patients whose cancer treatment had been terminated were enrolled. All patients were instructed to perform a 12-week regimen of aerobic and resistance exercise. The mHealth group received a pedometer and a newly developed smartphone application to provide information and monitor the prescribed exercises. Those in the conventional group received an exercise brochure. Physical measurements were conducted at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Self-reported physical activity (international physical activity questionnaire-short form), general QOL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30), and breast cancer-specific QOL (Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Cancer Module 23) were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. A user satisfaction survey was assessed in the mHealth group.
  
  
  
  Basic characteristics were not different between the two groups except for age and previous radiotherapy. Physical function, physical activity, and QOL scores were significantly improved regardless of the intervention method, and changes were not significantly different between the two groups. Additionally, the mean Likert scale response for overall satisfaction with the service was 4.27/5 in the mHealth group.
  
  
  
  Overall, both the mHealth coupled with pedometer and conventional exercise education using a brochure were effective in improving physical function, physical activity, and QOL. This study provides a basis of mHealth research in breast cancer patients for progressing further developing field, although superiority of the mHealth over the conventional program was not definitely evident.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81, Ilwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea.|Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeong Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Uhm
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Doo
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea.|Department of Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Ilkyun
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Joong Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Se Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea. uroljy@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ji Youl
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81, Ilwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea. hwanglee@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Ji Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011788:Quality of Life; D057566:Self Report; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Breast cancer; Exercise; Mobile health; Pedometer; Telemedicine