title: Assessment of the Cancer Risk of the Fat-Grafted Breast in a Murine Model.
abstract: The results of experimental studies indicate that grafting of autologous adipose tissue may induce tumorigenesis at the recipient site, but clinical results do not support a carcinogenic effect of fat grafting to the breast.
  
  
  
  The authors assessed cancer risk following transplantation of autologous fat into murine mammary tissue.
  
  
  
  In this animal study, mammary tissues from 54 breasts of 9 female rats were either grafted with autologous subcutaneous fat, grafted with autologous omental fat, or unmanipulated. Tissues were harvested and processed for histologic and immunohistochemical analyses, and the mRNA expression levels of specific genes were determined.
  
  
  
  No atypia or changes in lobular structures were observed in lipofilled breasts compared with controls. The numbers of ductal cell layers and terminal ductal units were similar for lipofilled and control breasts. Macrophage concentrations also were similar for the 3 groups. The localization and magnitude of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 were similar for lipofilled and unmanipulated breast tissue. The percentages of cells expressing Ki67 or estrogen receptor (ER) and the ER/Ki67 balance were similar for the 3 groups. Gene expression was not altered in lipofilled breasts, compared with controls.
  
  
  
  No theoretical risk of cancer was detected in the microenvironment of the lipofilled rat breast.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Claro
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joseane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morari
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis O Z
authors.initials: LOZ
authors.lastname: Sarian
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Glauce A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Licio A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Velloso
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aara O M
authors.initials: AOM
authors.lastname: Pinto-Neto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001940:Breast / Q000737:chemistry / Q000601:surgery; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000209:etiology*; D009852:Omentum; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018570:Risk Assessment; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D016378:Tissue Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000009:adverse effects; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C547314:Serpine1 protein, rat