title: Evaluation of antidesmone alkaloid as a photosynthesis inhibitor.
abstract: Antidesmone, isolated from Waltheria brachypetala Turcz., owns special structural features as two α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups and a side alkyl chain that can compete with the quinones involved in the pool of plastoquinones at photosystem II (PSII). In this work, we showed that the alkaloid is an inhibitor of Hill reaction and its target was located at the acceptor side of PSII. Studies of chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence showed a J-band that indicates direct action of antidesmone in accumulation of QA-(reduced plastoquinone A) due to the electron transport blocked at the QB(plastoquinone B) level similar to DCMU. In vivo assays indicated that antidesmone is a selective post-emergent herbicide probe at 300μM by reducing the biomass production of Physalis ixacarpa plants. Furthermore, antidesmone also behaves as pre-emergent herbicide due to inhibit Physalis ixacarpa plant growth about 60%. Antidesmone, a natural product containing a 4(1H)-pyridones scaffold, will serve as a valuable tool in further development of a new class of herbicides.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. Electronic address: olysampa@ufmt.br.
authors.forename: Olívia Moreira
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Murilo Marinho de Castro
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago André Moura
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Veiga
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D. F. 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: King-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D. F. 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Blas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lotina-Hennsen
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D008129:Lolium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D019660:Malvaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D032321:Physalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D001372:Aza Compounds; D006540:Herbicides; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; C471325:antidesmone; D002734:Chlorophyll; D000077194:Chlorophyll A
keywords: ATP synthesis; Antidesmone; Chlorophyll a; Herbicide; Photosynthetic inhibitor; Photosystem II