title: In vitro toxicological assessment of an organosulfur compound from Allium extract: Cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and genotoxicity studies.
abstract: Garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa) are being used in the food industry as flavoring but also for their antimicrobial activities. These activities are mainly derived from the organosulfur compounds (OSCs). Propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS) is an OSC with potential use in the active packaging, but its safety should be guaranteed before being commercialized. The aim of this work was to investigate for the first time the cytotoxicity of PTS as well as its in vitro mutagenic/genotoxic potential using the following battery of genotoxicity tests:(1)the bacterial reverse-mutation assay in S. typhimurium (Ames test, OECD 471, 1997); (2) the micronucleus test (MN, OECD 487, 2016); (3) the mouse lymphoma thymidine-kinase assay (MLA, OECD 476, 2015), and (4) the comet assay (standard and modified with restriction enzymes). The results revealed that PTS was not mutagenic neither in the Ames test nor in MLA. However, genotoxic effects were recorded in the MN test on mammalian cells (L5178YTk+/-cells) after PTS exposure at the highest concentration tested (17.25 μM) without S9, and also its metabolites (+S9, from 20 μM). Moreover, in the comet assay, PTS induced DNA breaks damage in Caco-2 cells at the highest concentration tested (280 μM) but it did not induce oxidative DNA damage.
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mellado-García
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maisanaba
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puerto
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Isabel
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.affiliation: Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma of Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ricard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marcos
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pichardo
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: camean@us.es.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cameán
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects*; D013441:Sulfinic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D013441:Sulfinic Acids; C000608757:propyl thiosulfinate oxide; D013937:Thymidine Kinase
keywords: Ames test; Comet assay; Micronucleus test; Mouse lymphoma TK assay; Propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS)