title: Open-tension free three-dimensional Cooper ligament repair for femoral hernia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of modified three-dimensional (3D) anterior polypropylene mesh technique for recurrent inguinal and femoral hernias.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was designed as a prospective cohort clinical trial and 75 patients with femoral hernia and/or recurrent hernia were recruited between 2005 and 2014. Patients were operated upon using a modified 3D anterior polypropylene mesh technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-three femoral and 12 recurrent hernias in 75 patients were treated by a single surgeon through a 9-year period using a modified 3D polypropylene mesh, fashioned by the same surgeon. Forty-six female and 29 male patients, with a mean age of 43.6 years, were evaluated for postoperative chronic pain, wound issues, and recurrences. Any complications or complaints were recorded through office visits and by telephone calls. Urinary retention in one patient and wound infections in two patients were treated within 2 weeks postoperatively. Six patients had wound swelling (2 patients with hematoma and 4 with seroma) in early term (2 weeks to 2 months) and were treated by simple drainage and compression. No chronic pain or recurrent hernia was detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modified 3D anterior polypropylene mesh technique allows anatomical support for the potential hernia area and can be confidently applied with low morbidity and recurrence rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Oncology Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: drfikretaksoy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fikret
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aksoy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006550:Hernia, Femoral / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D059685:Herniorrhaphy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008022:Ligaments / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011126:Polypropylenes; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D011126:Polypropylenes
keywords: anatomic repair; femoral hernia; inguinal hernia; mesh; modified; recurrent; three-dimensional