title: Differences and similarities in therapeutic mode use between occupational therapists and occupational therapy students in Norway.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Intentional Relationship Model (IRM) is a new model of the therapeutic relationship in occupational therapy practice. Two previous studies have focused on therapist communication style, or 'mode' use, but to date no group comparisons have been reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore differences between occupational therapists and occupational therapy students with regard to their therapeutic mode use.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study had a cross-sectional design, and convenience samples consisting of occupational therapists (n = 109) and of second-year occupational therapy students (n = 96) were recruited. The Self-Assessment of Modes Questionnaire was the main data collection tool. Group differences were analysed with independent t-tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The occupational therapists responded more within the collaborative and empathizing modes than the students did. The students responded more within the advocating and instructing modes than the occupational therapists did.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There may be systematic differences between occupational therapists and students concerning their therapeutic mode use. Some modes, such as the collaborating and empathizing modes, may be viewed as requiring more experience, whereas other modes, such as the advocating mode may be related to more recent rehabilitation ideologies. These factors may contribute to explaining several of the group differences observed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Occupational Therapy , Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Health and Social Science , Trondheim , Norway.
authors.forename: Tove
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Carstensen
authors.affiliation: b Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Tore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bonsaksen
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D009664:Norway; D000072087:Occupational Therapists; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000193:education*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D013336:Students, Health Occupations; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Intentional relationship model; Norwegian self-assessment of modes questionnaire; therapeutic relationship