title: Evolutional Characterization of Photochemically Induced Stroke in Rats: a Multimodality Imaging and Molecular Biological Study.
abstract: Photochemically induced cerebral ischemia is an easy-manipulated, reproducible, relatively noninvasive, and lesion controllable model for translational study of ischemic stroke. In order to longitudinally investigate the characterization of the model, magnetic resonance imaging,18F-2-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography, fluorescence, and bioluminescence imaging system were performed in correlation with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry examinations of glial fibrillary acidic protein, CD68, NeuN, von willebrand factor, and α-smooth muscle actin in the infarct zone. The results suggested that the number of inflammatory cells, astrocytes, and neovascularization significantly elevated in peri-infarct region from day 7 and a belt of macrophage/microglial and astrocytes was formed surrounding infarct lesion at day 14. Both vasogenic and cytotoxic edema, as well as blood brain-barrier leakage, occurred since day 1 after stroke induction and gradually attenuated with time. Numerous cells other than neuronal cells infiltrated into infarct lesion, which resulted in no visible TTC negative regional existence at day 14. Furthermore, recovery of cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization in peri-infarct zone were noted and more remarkably than that in infarct core following the stroke progression. In conclusion, these characterizations may be highly beneficial to the development of therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau.
authors.forename: Nai-Wei
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Chih
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Ke
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau. yhzhao@must.edu.mo.
authors.forename: Yonghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-An
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kim-Chuan
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: David Tat-Wei
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jhih-Shian
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: You-Yin
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tun-Wei
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Nuclear Medicine and National PET/Cyclotron Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Bang-Hung
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and National PET/Cyclotron Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Sheng
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. rsliu@vghtpe.gov.tw.|Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. rsliu@vghtpe.gov.tw.|Department of Medical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. rsliu@vghtpe.gov.tw.|Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei, Taiwan. rsliu@vghtpe.gov.tw.|Department of Nuclear Medicine and National PET/Cyclotron Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. rsliu@vghtpe.gov.tw.
authors.forename: Ren-Shyan
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020521:Stroke / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Multimodality imaging; Photothrombotic stroke