title: Curcumin suppresses inflammatory cytokines and heat shock protein 70 release and improves metabolic parameters during experimental sepsis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Curcumin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic properties, besides reducing mortality in sepsis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluates the biological activities of a curcumin dispersion formulated by spray-drying in experimental sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were subjected to sepsis by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP), controls were sham operated. The animals were treated with curcumin dispersion (100 mg/kg, p.o.) or water for 7 days prior to CLP and at 2 h after surgery. One group was used to analyze curcumin absorption through HPLC; another had the survival rate assessed during 48 h; and from a third group, blood was collected by decapitation to analyze metabolic and inflammatory parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma curcumin levels reached 2.5 ng/mL at 4 h, dropped significantly (p < 0.001) at 6 h (1.2 ng/mL), and were undetectable at 24 h in both groups. Curcumin temporarily increased the survival rate of the septic rats by 20%. Moreover, it attenuated glycaemia (p < 0.05) and volemia (p < 0.05) alterations typically observed during sepsis, and decreased the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in plasma (p < 0.001) and peritoneal lavage fluid (p < 0.05) of septic rats. Serum HSP70 levels were decreased (p < 0.01) at 24 h after CLP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that the curcumin dispersion dose employed was not detrimental to the septic rats. In fact, it temporarily increased their survival rate, improved important metabolic parameters, reduced proinflammatory cytokines and HSP70 production.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letycia Silvano da
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: b Department of Neuroscience and Behavior Sciences , Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Henrique Rocha
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Catalão
authors.affiliation: a Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana Tocchini
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Felippotti
authors.affiliation: a Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela Ravanelli de
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Oliveira-Pelegrin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petenusci
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis Alexandre Pedro
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.affiliation: a Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria José Alves
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D003474:Curcumin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004304:Dosage Forms; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004339:Drug Compounding; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D011677:Punctures; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D004304:Dosage Forms; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D009566:Nitrates; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: CLP; HSP70; glycaemia; nitric oxide; volemia