title: Short-Term Outcome of Untreated Versus Treated Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Renal Transplant Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infection of the urinary tract (UTI) is the most common form of bacterial infection in renal transplant patients, but its management is still controversial. We compared symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria, treated or untreated, during two different months (summer or winter).
  
  
  METHODS
  This longitudinal, prospective study involved routine urine cultures collected during September 2014 or March 2015. Demographic, clinical, and microbiological characteristics from the patients with positive urine cultures were described. The main outcomes were the need of hospitalization, the bacterial clearance, and the selection of the resistant pathogen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From the 538 urine cultures collected, only 61 were positive urine cultures. Twenty were untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB), 28 were treated AB, and 13 were treated symptomatic bacteriuria. The more prevalent micro-organisms were E coli (27%), K pneumoniae (11%), and E faecalis (7%). There were no differences in the demographic, clinical, and microbiological characteristics depending on the month when the urine cultures were collected. Only 10 patients required hospitalization during follow-up, and all of them belonged to the treated group. Bacterial clearance after the treatment occurred in 20 patients of the 41 treated (48.9%) and spontaneously in 14 of the 20 patients untreated (70%). Of the treated patients, 47.6% developed a new resistance to another antibiotic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only 7.6% of the routine urine cultures on renal transplant were positive. Untreated AB did not require hospitalization, and 70% had spontaneous bacterial clearance.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de investigación biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and RedInRen, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arencibia
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de investigación biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and RedInRen, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: marisa.aguera@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Agüera
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de investigación biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and RedInRen, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodelo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de investigación biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and RedInRen, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de investigación biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and RedInRen, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Agesta
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de investigación biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and RedInRen, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hurtarte
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de investigación biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and RedInRen, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de investigación biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and RedInRen, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Benot
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents