title: Apolipoprotein A-I and B and Subjective Global Assessment relationship can reflect lipid defects in diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Elevated lipid levels increase complications of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Uncontrolled diabetes increases these complications and causes unintentional weight loss, indicating an apparently normal body mass index (BMI). Thus, it is easy to assume that patients with DR and a normal BMI have optimal lipid status. Apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I and Apo B levels differentially indicate serum lipid status in DR. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) scores are associated with DR status. If SGA scores and serum Apo A-I and B levels are found to be interrelated, their relationship can reflect lipid defects in patients with DR despite apparently normal BMI. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible relationship between serum Apo A-I and B levels and SGA scores of patients with DR.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a case-control study conducted from November 2011 to April 2014. Serum Apo A-I and B levels and SGA scores were calculated for 40 healthy controls, 48 individuals without DR, 49 nonproliferative DR cases, and 48 proliferative DR cases. Pearson's correlation analysis was applied between Apo A-I, Apo B, Apo B/Apo A-I ratio, and SGA scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Negative correlation was observed between serum Apo A-I level (r = -0.567, P < 0.001) and positive correlation between serum Apo B level (r = 0.451, P < 0.001) and Apo B/Apo A-I ratio (r = 0.597, P < 0.001) with escalating SGA scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first study to report a novel correlation between serum Apo A-I, Apo B and Apo B/Apo A-I ratio and SGA scores. SGA scores can help predict lipid abnormalities in patients with DR even when they have an apparently normal BMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Yashodhara
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: sandeepsaxena2020@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Arvind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Shankar Madhav
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Natu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Apolipoprotein A-I; Apolipoprotein B; Diabetic retinopathy; Nutritional status; Subjective Global Assessment scores