title: Melatonin and hydroxytyrosol protect against oxidative stress related to the central nervous system after the ingestion of three types of wine by healthy volunteers.
abstract: Adrenic acid (AdA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) peroxidation produces F2-dihomo-IsoPs and neuroprostanes, which have been related to oxidative damage in the central nervous system. Besides polyphenols, melatonin (MEL) and hydroxytyrosol (OHTyr) could be partly responsible for the antioxidant benefits of red wine (excluding colon derivatives). In order to elucidate whether these compounds are responsible for the protective antioxidant effects of red wine, a double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled in vivo study - involving the intake of red wines and their native musts by healthy volunteers - was performed. The urinary metabolites decreased after the administration of red wines, to a greater extent than after the intake of their corresponding musts or ethanol. Melatonin is the most effective compound that protects adrenic acid from oxidative attack, judged by the reduction in the formation of F2-dihomo-isoprostanes. Similarly, hydroxytyrosol, being the most effective bioactive compound in reducing the formation of F3-neuroprostanes n-6 DPA and F4-neuroprostanes, protected docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids from oxidative attack.
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. smescudero@cebas.csic.es angelgil@cebas.csic.es and Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Catholic University of San Antonio, Murcia 30107, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marhuenda
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. smescudero@cebas.csic.es angelgil@cebas.csic.es.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.affiliation: Lab of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain and Bodegas Baigorri S.A.U., Ctra. Vitoria-Logroño Km. 53, 01307 Samaniego, Álava, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martínez-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Bodegas Baigorri S.A.U., Ctra. Vitoria-Logroño Km. 53, 01307 Samaniego, Álava, Spain.
authors.forename: Simón
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arina
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Catholic University of San Antonio, Murcia 30107, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zafrilla
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Catholic University of San Antonio, Murcia 30107, Spain.
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mulero
authors.affiliation: Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 - CNRS - University of Montpellier - ENSCM, Faculty of Pharmacy, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oger
authors.affiliation: Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 - CNRS - University of Montpellier - ENSCM, Faculty of Pharmacy, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Galano
authors.affiliation: Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 - CNRS - University of Montpellier - ENSCM, Faculty of Pharmacy, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. smescudero@cebas.csic.es angelgil@cebas.csic.es.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferreres
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. smescudero@cebas.csic.es angelgil@cebas.csic.es.
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil-Izquierdo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008550:Melatonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D020011:Protective Agents; C005975:3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol; D000431:Ethanol; D008550:Melatonin; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol