title: Highly Selective Screening of Estrogenic Compounds in Consumer-Electronics Plastics by Liquid Chromatography in Parallel Combined with Nanofractionation-Bioactivity Detection and Mass Spectrometry.
abstract: The chemical safety of consumer products is an issue of emerging concern. Plastics are widely used, e.g. as casings of consumer electronics (TVs, computers, routers, etc.), which are present in houses and offices in continuously increasing numbers. In this study, we investigate the estrogenic activity of components of plastics coming from electronics' casings. A recently developed fractionation platform for effect-directed analysis (EDA) was used. This platform combines reversed-phase liquid chromatography in parallel with bioassay detection via nanofractionation and with online high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) for the identification of bioactives. Four out of eight of the analyzed plastics samples showed the presence of estrogenic compounds. Based on the MS results these were assigned to bisphenol A (BPA), 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, and a possible bisphenol A analog. All samples contained flame retardants, but these did not show any estrogenicity. The observed BPA, however, could be an impurity of tetrabromo-BPA (TBBPA) or TBBPA-based flame retardants. Due to the plausible migration of additives from plastics into the environment, plastics from consumer electronics likely constitute a source of estrogenic compound contamination in the indoor environment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jonker
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ballesteros-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamers
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Govert W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Somsen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marja H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lamoree
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kool
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004967:Estrogens; D005411:Flame Retardants; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010969:Plastics / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D005411:Flame Retardants; D010969:Plastics