title: A novel antioxidant peptide derived from wheat germ prevents high glucose-induced oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro.
abstract: The ingestion of whole wheat products is responsible for the prevention of a number of chronic diseases. The aim of this study is to characterize the molecular properties of a novel wheat germ-derived antioxidant peptide (AOP) in protection against high glucose-induced oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). AOP (amino acid sequence AREGETVVPG) was isolated from wheat germ albumin using dual-enzymatic hydrolysis/separation, followed by MS/MS. The in vitro IC50value for Fe2+chelation was 0.77 mM. The stability of purified AOP was confirmed by hydrolyzation in a simulated gastrointestinal (GI) digestion system in vitro. Furthermore, AOP significantly prevented high glucose-induced cell growth by 37.4 ± 2.7%, decreased the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 22.3 ± 4.6%, suppressed the phosphorylation of PKCζ, AKT and Erk1/2, and inhibited Nox4 protein expression. Our findings suggested that AOP exerted a protective role against high glucose-induced oxidative stress through the inhibition of the PKCζ/Nox4 signaling pathway in VSMCs.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China. shenxinchun@njue.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Siyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Dingbo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China. shenxinchun@njue.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China. shenxinchun@njue.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaozhou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China. shenxinchun@njue.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinchun
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-1587
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001011:Aorta / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005947:Glucose / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010455:Peptides; D005947:Glucose