title: [Incidence of contrast induced nephropathy in patients who underwent an aortic endovascular repair].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intravascular iodinated contrasts are essencial in endovascular therapy. One of their major inconveniences is contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), which has been associated with an increase in complications and prolonged hospital stay.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the incidence of CIN in patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) in our hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study including patients (n=129) treated with EVAR between January 2014 - September 2015. Information was gathered concerning age, history of diabetes, hypertension, pre-existing chronic kidney disease and previous treatment with diuretics or metformin. We analyzed serum levels of urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and glomerular filtrate (GF), at baseline, at 24hours, peak levels during post-operative period and before discharge. The amount of intravascular contrast and periprocedureral hydration were correlated to creatinine and GF to determine their effect on CIN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 129 patients, 11 (8.53%) developed CIN. A significant difference was found between preoperative and postoperative levels of urea and sodium, both p<0.001.Volume of contrast was the only variable that presented a statistically significant association with increase of creatinine levels in postoperative period (p=0.032). Worsening of glomerular filtrate showed a statistically significant association with preoperative levels of urea (p=0.036) and GF (p= 0.019). Fluid-therapy before or after exposure to contrast did not show any influence on the outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of CIN depends mainly on baseline GF and amount of contrast, and it is barely associated with hydration during the perioperative period. Since there is no specific treatment for CIN, the best practice is its prevention.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitário de Valladolid, Espanha.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez Castillo
authors.forename: Enrique M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: San Norberto García
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fidalgo Domingos
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fuente Garrido
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Estévez Fernández
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vaquero Puerta