title: Pathway Analysis and Metabolites Identification by Metabolomics of Etiolation Substrate from Fresh-Cut Chinese Water Chestnut (Eleocharis tuberosa).
abstract: Fresh-cut Chinese water chestnuts (CWC) turn yellow after being peeled, reducing their shelf life and commercial value. Metabolomics, the systematic study of the full complement of small molecular metabolites, was useful for clarifying the mechanism of fresh-cut CWC etiolation and developing methods to inhibit yellowing. In this study, metabolic alterations associated with etiolation at different growth stages (0 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days) from fresh-cut CWC were investigated using LC-MS and analyzed by pattern recognition methods (principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)). The metabolic pathways of the etiolation molecules were elucidated. The main metabolic pathway appears to be the conversion of phenylalanine top-coumaroyl-CoA, followed by conversion to naringenin chalcone, to naringenin, and naringenin then following different pathways. Firstly, it can transform into apigenin and its derivatives; secondly, it can produce eriodictyol and its derivatives; and thirdly it can produce dihydrokaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin. The eriodictyol can be further transformed to luteolin, cyanidin, dihydroquercetin, dihydrotricetin, and others. This is the first reported use of metabolomics to study the metabolic pathways of the etiolation of fresh-cut CWC.
authors.affiliation: College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. lisa19910@163.com.
authors.forename: Yi-Xiao
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. yongui123@126.com.
authors.forename: Yong-Gui
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. hfping123@126.com.
authors.forename: Feng-Ping
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. sullna@163.com.
authors.forename: Meng-Qi
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. sharplee1208@163.com.
authors.forename: Shang-Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D031256:Eleocharis / Q000378:metabolism*; D064527:Etiolation / Q000502:physiology*; D055442:Metabolome / Q000502:physiology*; D055432:Metabolomics
keywords: Chinese water-chestnut; LC–MS; metabolites; metabolomics; pathway analysis