title: Mechanisms and predictors of recurrent tachycardia after catheter ablation for d-transposition of the great arteries after the Mustard or Senning operation.
abstract: The Senning and Mustard operations for dextro-transposition of the great arteries are associated with an increased risk for supraventricular tachycardia. Catheter ablation has been shown to be acutely successful for achieving rhythm control in this population, but the mechanisms of recurrence are ill-defined.
  
  
  
  We hypothesized that the type and degree of recurrence would vary by the surgical technique used.
  
  
  
  All consecutive catheter ablation procedures for dextro-transposition of the great arteries after the Mustard or Senning operation between 2004 and 2016 at a single center were reviewed. Tachycardia mechanisms were determined by complete 3-dimensional mapping in addition to a standard electrophysiological technique for all cases.
  
  
  
  Twenty-eight patients underwent 38 procedures during the study period. The most common mechanism at the index procedure was intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia using the cavotricuspid isthmus. Over a median follow-up period of 1.6 years, 9 patients experienced recurrent tachycardia (32%), all of whom underwent repeat catheter ablation. Tachycardia recurrence was more common after the Senning vs the Mustard operation (6 of 10 [60%] vs 3 of 18 [17%]; P = .034). In addition, substrates for recurrence were different from those encountered at the index procedure in 10 of 13 tachycardias (77%), with the single most common location being the posterior anastomosis after the Senning operation. Complete control was ultimately achieved in 27 patients (96%) when considering all procedures.
  
  
  
  Recurrent tachycardia after catheter ablation appears to be more common after the Senning operation and to involve substrates unique to this repair. The posterior anastomosis is commonly implicated and should not be overlooked.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Roberto G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Gallotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Himani
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madnawat
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California,; Ahmanson/UCLA Congenital Heart Disease Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shannon
authors.affiliation: Ahmanson/UCLA Congenital Heart Disease Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Jamil A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Aboulhosn
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Farnoosh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nik-Ahd
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California,; Ahmanson/UCLA Congenital Heart Disease Center, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: jpmoore@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Jeremy P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000069278:Arterial Switch Operation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D013617:Tachycardia, Supraventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000601:surgery*; D014481:United States
keywords: Catheter ablation; Congenital heart disease; Mustard/Senning operation; Supraventricular tachycardia