title: Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of dengue virus type 1 in Guangdong in 2014.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dengue is one of the most important emerging diseases of humans, with no preventive vaccines or antiviral cures available currently. In 2014, the Southeast Asian region experienced an unprecedented outbreak of dengue, especially in Guangdong, China.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nucleotide sequences of the E gene from 23 patients sera of dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) from Guangzhou, China, were determined. One isolate that was recovered from a patient with serious liver damage was designated GZ02. The whole genome sequence of GZ02 was amplified, and confocal microscopy and plaque reduction neutralization test were performed to investigate the replication kinetics in liver L02 cells. In the study, assembly and genetic comparisons showed 11 of those E gene nucleotide sequences were absolutely accordant, and the nucleic acid sequence divergence among the other strains had no marked difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phylogenetic analysis based on the E gene indicated that the 23 new strains were closely related to strains from Malaysia or Singapore. Two different genotypes (genotype I and III) of DENV-1 were co-circulating in Guangdong, Malaysia, and Singapore from 2013 to 2014. However, no recombination event was found after 2005 between DENV strains from Guangdong and Malaysia or Singapore. GZ02 had a significant replicative advantage over DG14 and the DV1 standard strain. Importation of DENV-1 from Southeast Asian countries may have been an important contributing factor to the 2014 outbreak in Guangdong.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, No. 466 Xingangdong Road, Guangzhou, 510317 China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Huiling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Jianhai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: The Third Department of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060 China.
authors.forename: Zhiwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Zhiran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Weizhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Guang Dong Medical University Teaching Hospital, Guang Dong No. 2 People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317 China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Minyi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Guangjin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Medical Genetical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511442 China.
authors.forename: Zhicheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Medical Genetical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511442 China.
authors.forename: Tianwen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Maternity and Child Care, Guangzhou, 510010 China.
authors.forename: Danjuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
keywords: Dengue virus type 1; E gene; Phylogenetic analysis; Virus isolation