title: Bidirectional longitudinal relationship between leisure-time physical activity and psychotropic medication usage: A register linked follow-up study.
abstract: This study aimed to examine the bidirectional relationship between psychotropic medication use and changes in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among a population cohort study. Phase 1 data were collected by mail surveys in 2000-2002 among 40-60-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland, and phase 2 follow up survey was conducted in 2007. Based on self-report, the respondents were classified as inactive and active (≥14.75 MET-hours/week) at the phases 1 and 2. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for subsequent (2007-10) psychotropic medication purchasing according to changes in physical activity (phases 1-2). Odds ratios (OR) for physical inactivity at phase 2 were calculated according to the amount of psychotropic medication between phases 1-2. Overall, 5361 respondents were included (mean age 50 years, 80% women). Compared with the persistently active, the persistently inactive, those decreasing and adopting LTPA had an increased risk for psychotropic medication. Only the persistently inactive remained at increased risk for psychotropic medication use, following the adjustment for prior psychotropic medication use. Compared with those having no medication, the risk for physical inactivity increased as the psychotropic medication increased. Our data suggest that physical activity has an important role in maintaining wellbeing and reducing psychotropic medication usage.
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London Box SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Brendon
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stubbs
authors.affiliation: KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.
authors.forename: Davy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vancampfort
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mänty
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Svärd
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Ossi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rahkonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: jouni.mm.lahti@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Jouni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lahti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities / Q000523:psychology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012042:Registries; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs
keywords: Exercise; Mental health; Physical inactivity; Psychotropic medication