title: Systemic and Local Adipose Tissue in Knee Osteoarthritis.
abstract: Osteoarthritis is a common chronic joint disorder affecting older people. The knee is the major joint affected. The symptoms of osteoarthritis include limited range of motion, joint swelling, and pain causing disability. There are no disease modifying drugs available, and treatments are mainly focused on pain management. Total knee replacement performed at the end stage of the disease is considered the only cure available. It has been found that obese people have an increased risk to develop not only knee but also hand osteoarthritis. This supports the concept that adipose tissue might be related to osteoarthritis not only through overloading. As matter of fact, obesity induces a low grade systemic inflammatory state characterized by the production and secretion of several adipocytokines that may have a role in osteoarthritis development. Furthermore, hypertension, impaired glucose, and lipid metabolism, which are comorbidities associated with obesity, have been shown to alter the joint tissue homeostasis. Moreover, infrapatellar fat pad in the knee has been demonstrated to be a local source of adipocytokines and potentially contribute to osteoarthritis pathogenesis. Here, we discuss the role of systemic and local adipose tissue in knee osteoarthritis. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1971-1978, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Belluzzi
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Hamza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El Hadi
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Marnie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Granzotto
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossato
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramonda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Macchi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Caro
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vettor
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.|Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Rizzoli Orthopedic Research Institute, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Favero
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015897:Comorbidity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D016207:Cytokines