title: Study on the immunological safety of universal plasma in the Chinese population in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prepared procedure for universal plasma in the Chinese population has been developed. However, the immunological safety with the level of antibodies, soluble immune complexes and complements is necessary to investigate.
  
  
  METHODS
  The universal plasma was pooled at the optimal ratio of A:B:AB=6:2.5:1.5 at 22°C for 1 hour. The titer of IgM antibodies was detected by saline agglutination, and the titer of IgG antibodies was detected by a Polybrene test after IgM destroyed by 2-mereaptoethanol. The hemolysis extent of RBC was investigated by an extracorporal hemolysis test, and the concentration of free-hemoglobin was determined by the ortho-tolidine method. The levels of CIC-C1q, C3b and TCC (C5-9) were tested using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The titer of IgM and IgG in universal plasma was lower than 2 and 4, respectively. The hemolysis of the universal plasma with A, B and AB group RBCs was negative with values of 5.5, 6.8 and 5.7, respectively. The level of CIC-C1q and TCC (C5-9) in universal plasma was comparable to that in A or B type pooled plasma, but CIC-C1q was lower than that and TCC (C5-9) was higher than that in AB type pooled plasma. The level of complement C3b was comparable to that in A type pooled plasma, but lower than that in B type pooled plasma and higher than that in AB type pooled plasma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study demonstrated that the immunological levels were within an acceptable range and confirmed the safety in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Guanyi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liguo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shufang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address: deqingw@vip.sina.com.
authors.forename: Deqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D044466:Asian People; D058731:Blood Safety / Q000379:methods*; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M
keywords: Complements; IgM and IgG antibodies; Immunological safety; Soluble immune complexes; Universal plasma