title: Glutamate Fermentation-2: Mechanism of L-Glutamate Overproduction in Corynebacterium glutamicum.
abstract: The nonpathogenic coryneform bacterium, Corynebacterium glutamicum, was isolated as an L-glutamate-overproducing microorganism by Japanese researchers and is currently utilized in various amino acid fermentation processes. L-Glutamate production by C. glutamicum is induced by limitation of biotin and addition of fatty acid ester surfactants and β-lactam antibiotics. These treatments affect the cell surface structures of C. glutamicum. After the discovery of C. glutamicum, many researchers have investigated the underlying mechanism of L-glutamate overproduction with respect to the cell surface structures of this organism. Furthermore, metabolic regulation during L-glutamate overproduction by C. glutamicum, particularly, the relationship between central carbon metabolism and L-glutamate biosynthesis, has been investigated. Recently, the role of a mechanosensitive channel protein in L-glutamate overproduction has been reported. In this chapter, mechanisms of L-glutamate overproduction by C. glutamicum have been reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirasawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan. mwachi@bio.titech.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wachi
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D048230:Corynebacterium glutamicum / Q000502:physiology*; D005285:Fermentation / Q000502:physiology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D064688:Metabolic Flux Analysis / Q000379:methods; D008954:Models, Biological; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D018698:Glutamic Acid
keywords: 2-Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; Corynebacterium glutamicum; DtsR; L-Glutamate; LtsA; Mechanosensitive channel; NCgl1221; OdhI