title: Discovery and LC-MS Characterization of New Crocins in Gardeniae Fructus and Their Neuroprotective Potential.
abstract: Ten new crocins, neocrocins B-J (1-9) and 13-cis-crocetin-8'-O-β-d-gentiobioside (14), along with 10 known crocins, were isolated from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gardeniae Fructus). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by analyzing HRESIMS, UV/vis, and 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and their neuroprotective effects against hydrogen peroxide- and l-glutamic acid-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury were evaluated. The UPLC-Q/TOF-MS chromatogram of a crocin-rich fraction derived from gardenia fruit extracts was established using the obtained crocin compounds as references. Most of the peaks were identified (the total integral area of the identified peaks accounted for 95% of total peak areas), and bioactive crocins were a large portion of this fraction (the areas of peaks from the neuroprotective compounds accounted for 70% of the total).
authors.affiliation: College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weiyang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Caixia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.|College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xinsheng
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1603-4873
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
keywords: Gardeniae Fructus; UPLC-Q/TOF-MS; crocin; neuroprotective