title: Inhibiting medial septal cholinergic neurons with DREADD alleviated anxiety-like behaviors in mice.
abstract: Cholinergic neurons in the medial septum (MS) participate in a variety of cognitive and emotional behaviors. Some studies but not others show that lesions or inhibition of the MS reduce anxiety-like behaviors and locomotive exploration in rats. However, these conclusions come from manipulations that are either irreversible or non-specific to cholinergic neurons, casting doubt on their validity. With DREADD (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs), we temporarily and reversibly inhibited cholinergic neurons in the MS. We observed consistent anxiolytic effects of MS cholinergic inhibition in the novelty-suppressed feeding test, the marble burying test and the elevated plus-maze test, as well as increased exploratory activities in the open field test. These findings confirm an excitatory role of the MS cholinergic neurons in the control of innate anxiety, and reconcile conflicting findings from previous studies using irreversible lesions or non-specific inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Feng-Yu
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Neurobiology, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: You
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China. Electronic address: mingyi@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yi
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D059329:Cholinergic Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003024:Clozapine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D012686:Septal Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015198:Designer Drugs; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D003024:Clozapine; C079149:clozapine N-oxide
keywords: Acetylcholine; Anxiety; Cholinergic neurons; Medial septum