title: Genome-wide miRNAs expression profiles of Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula in response to artesunate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  miRNAs play a significant role in pharmacogenomics and are likely to be important in the molecular mechanism of atesunate (ART) effects on Schistosoma japonicum.
  
  
  METHODS
  We sequenced the RNAs using an Illumina (Solexa) DNA sequencer and compared the relative expression levels of the miRNAs in 10-day-old schistosomula from ART and the parallel control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We characterized 95 known miRNAs from S. japonicum schistosomula individuals, including 38 novel miRNA families. Among the detectable 134 miRNAs differentially expressed (>2.0-fold change, p < 0.01) after ART treatment in schistosomula, a total of seven known or novel 3p- or 5p- derived S. japonicum miRNAs were characterized. We propose that sja-miR-125b may regulate the expression of ART metabolizing enzymes, glutathione synthetase or heme-binding protein 2 to help S. japonicum resists or adapts to drug stress and also ART may significantly inhibit sexual maturation of female worms mediated by mir-71b/2 miRNA cluster.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This was the first comprehensive miRNAs expression profile analysis of S. japonicum in response to ART, and provides an overview of the complex network of the mechanism of action of ART on S. japonicum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Ming
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qun-Bo
authors.initials: QB
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Na-Yu
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Zu
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Heng
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunity & Biochemistry, Institute of Parasitic Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, No.182, Road Tianmushan, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077332:Artesunate; D019295:Computational Biology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000032:analysis*; D012549:Schistosoma japonicum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012556:Schistosomicides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D037621:Artemisinins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012556:Schistosomicides; D000077332:Artesunate
keywords: Schistosoma japonicum; artesunate; miRNAs