title: Casting a Wide Net: Role of Perineuronal Nets in Neural Plasticity.
abstract: Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are unique extracellular matrix structures that wrap around certain neurons in the CNS during development and control plasticity in the adult CNS. They appear to contribute to a wide range of diseases/disorders of the brain, are involved in recovery from spinal cord injury, and are altered during aging, learning and memory, and after exposure to drugs of abuse. Here the focus is on how a major component of PNNs, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, control plasticity, and on the role of PNNs in memory in normal aging, in a tauopathy model of Alzheimer's disease, and in drug addiction. Also discussed is how altered extracellular matrix/PNN formation during development may produce synaptic pathology associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, and autism spectrum disorders. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of how PNNs are altered in normal physiology and disease will offer insights into new treatment approaches for these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington 98686, sorg@vetmed.wsu.edu.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Sorg
authors.affiliation: Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Mailman Research Center, Belmont, Massachusetts 02478.
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4057-7766
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berretta
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington 98686.
authors.forename: Jordan M
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8253-4302
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Blacktop
authors.affiliation: John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: James W
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7990-4568
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Fawcett
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical, University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9307-7079
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom, and.
authors.forename: Jessica C F
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9798-9083
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9670-4210
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miquel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans
keywords: Alzheimer's; aging; autism; chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans; drug abuse; extracellular matrix; memory; perineuronal nets; schizophrenia