title: Genome analysis of a hyper acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) producing Clostridium acetobutylicum BKM19.
abstract: Previously the development of a hyper acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) producing Clostridium acetobutylicum BKM19 strain capable of producing 30.5% more total solvent by random mutagenesis of its parental strain PJC4BK, which is a buk mutant C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 strain is reported. Here, BKM19 and PJC4BK strains are re-sequenced by a high-throughput sequencing technique to understand the mutations responsible for enhanced solvent production. In comparison with the C. acetobutylicum PJC4BK, 13 single nucleotide variants (SNVs), one deletion and one back mutation SNV are identified in the C. acetobutylicum BKM19 genome. Except for one SNV found in the megaplasmid, all mutations are found in the chromosome of BKM19. Among them, a mutation in the thlA gene encoding thiolase is further studied with respect to enzyme activity and butanol production. The mutant thiolase (thlAV5A) is showed a 32% higher activity than that of the wild-type thiolase (thlAWT). In batch fermentation, butanol production is increased by 26% and 23% when the thlAV5Agene is overexpressed in the wild-type C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 and in its derivative, the thlA-knockdown TKW-A strain, respectively. Based on structural analysis, the mutation in thiolase does not have a direct effect on the regulatory determinant region (RDR). However, the mutation at the 5thresidue seems to influence the stability of the RDR, and thus, increases the enzymatic activity and enhances solvent production in the BKM19 strain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Changhee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agriculture & Life Science (IALS), Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnamߚdo, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Sin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Won Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.|Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Kwan
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
authors.forename: E Terry
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Papoutsakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: George N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: GS Caltex Corporation R&D Center, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Do Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Seung
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Yup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000378:metabolism*; D000440:Butanols / Q000378:metabolism*; D046969:Clostridium acetobutylicum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D016680:Genome, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000440:Butanols; D000096:Acetone; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Butanol; Clostridium acetobutylicum; Thiolase