title: Effects of Liraglutide on Reperfusion Injury in Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, was reported to reduce reperfusion injury in mice. We planned to evaluate the effects of liraglutide on reperfusion injury in patients with acute ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 96 patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing emergency primary percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to receive either subcutaneous liraglutide or placebo. Study treatment was commenced 30 minutes before intervention (1.8 mg) and maintained for 7 days after the procedure (0.6 mg for 2 days, 1.2 mg for 2 days, followed by 1.8 mg for 3 days). The salvage index was calculated from myocardial area at risk, measured during the index admission (35±12 hours), and final infarct size measured at 91±5 days after primary percutaneous coronary intervention by cardiac magnetic resonance. At 3 months, the primary end point, a higher salvage index was found in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group in 77 patients evaluated with cardiac magnetic resonance (0.66±0.14 versus 0.55±0.15; P=0.001). The final infarct size was lower in the liraglutide group than that in the placebo group (15±12 versus 21±15 g; P=0.05). Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was lower in the liraglutide group (P<0.001). During a 6-month follow-up period, no difference was observed in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event. Safety and tolerability were similar among the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study provides evidence that liraglutide improves myocardial salvage and infarct size after ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, possibly by reducing reperfusion injury, making it a promising treatment for evaluation in larger trials.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02001363.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei Ren
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China. cyundai@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Yun Dai
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liu Quan
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shun Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jun Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shi Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiology (W.R.C., Y.D.C., F.T., S.Y.H., J.W., J.J.Y., S.F.W., X.F.G.) and Division of MRI, Department of Radiology (N.Y., L.Q.C.), PLA General Hospital at Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao Fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000069450:Liraglutide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000072657:ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020011:Protective Agents; D000069450:Liraglutide; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: C-reactive protein; glucagon-like peptide-1; myocardial infarction; myocardium; reperfusion injury