title: L-shell spectroscopic diagnostics of radiation from krypton HED plasma sources.
abstract: X-ray spectroscopy is a useful tool for diagnosing plasma sources due to its non-invasive nature. One such source is the dense plasma focus (DPF). Recent interest has developed to demonstrate its potential application as a soft x-ray source. We present the first spectroscopic studies of krypton high energy density plasmas produced on a 3 kJ DPF device in Singapore. In order to diagnose spectral features, and to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of plasma parameters, a new non-local thermodynamic equilibrium L-shell kinetic model for krypton was developed. It has the capability of incorporating hot electrons, with different electron distribution functions, in order to examine the effects that they have on emission spectra. To further substantiate the validity of this model, it is also benchmarked with data gathered from experiments on the electron beam ion trap (EBIT) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, where data were collected using the high resolution EBIT calorimeter spectrometer.
authors.affiliation: University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Petkov
authors.affiliation: University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Safronova
authors.affiliation: University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Kantsyrev
authors.affiliation: University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Shlyaptseva
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rawat
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beiersdorfer
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hell
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Brown