title: Gestational age-dependency of height and body mass index trajectories during the first 3 years in Japanese small-for-gestational age children.
abstract: Gestational age (GA) is thought to affect height growth in small-for-gestational age (SGA) children. However, the GA-specific trajectories in body mass index (BMI) and early appearances of adiposity rebound (AR) have not been fully investigated in a cohort of Japanese SGA children. A longitudinal cohort study was conducted with 1063 SGA children born in Kobe, Japan, with sufficient records from birth to 3 years of age. Subjects were divided into subgroups based on GA: 39-41 weeks GA (n = 723), 37-38 weeks GA (n = 256), 34-36 weeks GA (n = 62), and <34 weeks GA (n = 22). Height and BMI were assessed at 4 months, 9 months, 1.5 years, and 3 years of age. The catch-up rate for height was GA-dependent. Most children with 39-41 weeks GA (91%) caught up by 4 months of age; however, lower GA was associated with a slower elevation in the catch-up rate. The BMI trajectory during the first 3 years was also GA-dependent, with a change in GA dependency at a boundary of 37 weeks GA. Approximately 7% of SGA children had already developed AR before 3 years of age. In conclusion, growth patterns during infancy and early childhood in SGA children differ depending on GA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morioka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Sota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwatani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamana
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Awano
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniguchi-Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Kandai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nozu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Kobe City Public Health Center, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumoto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D062486:Public Health Surveillance