title: Diagnosis and Updates in Celiac Disease.
abstract: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder induced by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. It can result in intraintestinal and extraintestinal manifestations of disease including diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, osteoporosis, or lymphoma. Diagnosis of celiac disease is made through initial serologic testing and then confirmed by histopathologic examination of duodenal biopsies. Generally celiac disease is a benign disorder with a good prognosis in those who adhere to a gluten-free diet. However, in refractory disease, complications may develop that warrant additional testing with more advanced radiologic and endoscopic methods. This article reviews the current strategy to diagnose celiac disease and the newer modalities to assess for associated complications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shannahan
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, The Celiac Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: dleffler@bidmc.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Leffler
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D001706:Biopsy; D053704:Capsule Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000178:diet therapy; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods*; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: Celiac disease; Celiac sprue; Enteropathy; Gluten; Villous atrophy