title: Prevalence of the Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Coagulase-Positive-and Negative-Staphylococcusin Chicken Meat Retailed to Consumers.
abstract: The use of antibiotics in farm management (growing crops and raising animals) has become a major area of concern. Its implications is the consequent emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and accordingly their access into the human food chain with passage of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) to the normal human intestinal microbiota and hence to other pathogenic bacteria causative human disease. Therefore, we pursued in this study to unravel the frequency and the quinolone resistance determining region,mecA andcfrgenes of methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA), methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA), methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS) and methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative staphylococci (MSCNS) isolated from the retail trade of ready-to-eat raw chicken meat samples collected during 1 year and sold across the Great Cairo area. The 50Staphylococcusisolated from retail raw chicken meat were analyzed for their antibiotic resistance phenotypic profile on 12 antibiotics (penicillin, oxacillin, methicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and vancomycin) and their endorsement of the quinolone resistance determining region,mecA andcfrgenes. The isolation results revealed 50 isolates, CPS (14) and CNS (36), representing ten species (S. aureus, S. hyicus, S. epidermedius, S. lugdunensis, S. haemolyticus, S. hominus, S. schleiferi, S. cohnii, S. intermedius, andS. lentus). Twenty seven isolates were methicillin-resistant. Out of the characterized 50 staphylococcal isolates, three were MRSA but only 2/3 carried themecA gene. The ARG that bestows resistance to quinolones, β-lactams, macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B [MLS(B)] in MRSA and MR-CNS were perceived. According to the available literature, the present investigation was a unique endeavor into the identification of the quinolone-resistance-determining-regions, the identification of MRSA and MR-CNS from retail chicken meat in Egypt. In addition, these isolates might indicate the promulgation of methicillin, oxacillin and vancomycin resistance in the community and imply food safety hazards.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Kamelia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, Animal Health Research Institute Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Jihan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Badr
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Al-Maary
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ihab M I
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Moussa
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, College of Applied Studies and Community Service, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ashgan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hessain
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, National Research Center Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Zeinab M S Amin
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Girah
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University Sohag, Egypt.
authors.forename: Usama H
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Abo-Shama
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, Animal Health Research Institute Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Aalaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saad
keywords: antimicrobial resistance phenotype; biofilm; chicken meat; mecA gene; resistance in the quinolone-resistance-determining-regions