title: Similar developmental fluctuations of hepato-renal xanthine oxidoreductase gene expression and xanthine oxidase activity in layer and broiler chicken embryos.
abstract: 1. Xanthine oxidase (XO) has many physiological functions associated with the synthesis of both antioxidant (uric acid: UA) and numerous oxidants (e.g. H2O2), which makes it an important regulator of the cellular redox potential involving organogenesis. The ontogenetic study of hepatic and renal XO makes a better understanding of the putative role of this enzyme in the development of these tissues. 2. Developmental changes of gene expression of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), XO activity and UA content of liver and kidney tissues in both broiler and layer chicken embryos were examined during incubation d 14-21. 3. In both strains, hepatic XOR gene expression peaked on d 21 while renal XOR gene expression did not change. 4. The XO activity was higher in kidney than liver in both strains. Hepatic XO activity of both strains peaked on d 18 and thereafter was decreased on d 21. Renal XO activity peaked on d 18 and from then on did not show any significant changes until d 21 in both strains. 5. The UA content was higher in kidney vs. liver in both strains. The hepatic and renal UA values of the both strains increased significantly from d 14 to d 21. 6. The present results showed dissimilar behaviour of XOR gene expression, XO activity and UA content of liver and kidney tissues in both broiler and layer chicken embryos.
authors.affiliation: a Poultry Diseases Research Center, Avian Medicine Section, Department of Clinical Studies , School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Naseri
authors.affiliation: a Poultry Diseases Research Center, Avian Medicine Section, Department of Clinical Studies , School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asasi
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology 1214, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.|c Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karimi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000201:enzymology; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D007668:Kidney / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase
keywords: Enzymes; gene expression; incubation