title: Constructing Tissue Microarrays: Protocols and Methods Considering Potential Advantages and Disadvantages for Downstream Use.
abstract: Tissue microarrays were first constructed in the 1980s but were used by only a limited number of researchers for a considerable period of time. In the last 10 years there has been a dramatic increase in the number of publications describing the successful use of tissue microarrays in studies aimed at discovering and validating biomarkers. This, along with the increased availability of both manual and automated microarray builders on the market, has encouraged even greater use of this novel and powerful tool. This chapter describes the basic techniques required to build a tissue microarray using a manual method in order that the theory behind the practical steps can be fully explained. Guidance is given to ensure potential disadvantages of the technique are fully considered.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK. l.bingle@sheffield.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bingle
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba, FOP, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, 52, Piracicaba, São Paolo, 13414-903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.
authors.forename: Paula M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Farthing
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Biomarker; Candidate; Immunohistochemistry; Microarray; Tissue; Validation