title: Unlocking bat immunology: establishment of Pteropus alecto bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and macrophages.
abstract: Bats carry and shed many emerging infectious disease agents including Ebola virus and SARS-like Coronaviruses, yet they rarely display clinical symptoms of infection. Bat epithelial or fibroblast cell lines were previously established to study the bat immune response against viral infection. However, the lack of professional immune cells such as dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages has greatly limited the significance of current investigations. Using Pteropus alecto (P. alecto) GM-CSF plus IL4, FLT3L and CSF-1, we successfully generated bat bone marrow-derived DC and macrophages. Cells with the phenotype, morphology and functional features of monocyte-derived DC, bona fide DC or macrophages were obtained in GM-CSF/IL4, FLT3L or CSF-1 cultures, respectively. The successful generation of the first bat bone marrow-derived immune cells paves the way to unlocking the immune mechanisms that confer host resilience to pathogens in bats.
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yok Teng
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chionh
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Sergio Erdal
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Irac
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Matae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Justin Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jia Ng
authors.affiliation: K.G. Jebsen Center for Research on Influenza Vaccines, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Even
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fossum
authors.affiliation: K.G. Jebsen Center for Research on Influenza Vaccines, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway.|Center for Immune Regulation, Institute of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Bjarne
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bogen
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.|Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, IMMUNOS Building #3-4, BIOPOLIS, 138648 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ginhoux
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Aaron T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Irving
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.|Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, IMMUNOS Building #3-4, BIOPOLIS, 138648 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Charles-Antoine
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dutertre
authors.affiliation: Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Lin-Fa
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007109:Immunity; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010641:Phenotype; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines