title: Griflola frondosa (GF) produces significant antidepressant effects involving AMPA receptor activation in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Griflola frondosa (Fr) S.F. Gray (Meripilaceae) (GF) is a medical mushroom, and its regulation of the immune system is of interest for the treatment of mood disorders. α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptors are the central mediator for the treatment of depression.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examines the antidepressant effects of GF and the role of AMPA in these antidepressant effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The CD-1 mice were fed with GF- or Pleurotus ostreatus [(Jacq.: Fr) Kumm (Pleurotaceae)] (PO)-containing food for 1 day or 5 days. The antidepressant effects was determined in the tail suspension test (TST), forced swim test (FST), and open field test (OFT). The involvement of AMPA receptors was determined by the application of the AMPA-specific blocker GYKI 52466.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatments with 20%, 33% or 50% of GF-containing food significantly decreased the immobility time (63.6, 56.9, and 52.0% in TST; and 50.8, 43.2, and 38.2% in FST) after 1 day and (62.3, 51.8, and 52.8% in TST; and 49.5, 45.1, and 40.3% in FST) after 5 days. GF-containing food did not cause hyperactive effects in the OFT. The antidepressant effects of the 33% of GF-containing food (down-to 51.3% in 1-day TST and 46.8% in 5-day FST) were significantly stronger than that of the 33% of PO-containing food (down-to 85.5% in 1-day TST and 82.0% in 5-day FST). AMPA-specific blocker GYKI 52466 was able to block the antidepressant effects of the GF-containing food.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GF demonstrated the potential as a safe medical food supplement for the patient with depression.
authors.affiliation: a School of Medicine , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Hongkun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: a School of Medicine , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Pengzhan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.affiliation: a School of Medicine , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: b School of Life Sciences , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: a School of Medicine , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a School of Medicine , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Chunjie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: a School of Medicine , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Keming
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: a School of Medicine , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D048691:Grifola / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000819:agonists* / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; C061950:GYKI 52466; D001569:Benzodiazepines
keywords: Medical mushroom; animal behaviour; forced swim test; polysaccharide; tail suspension test