title: Innovative method for the enrichment of high-polarity bioactive molecules present at low concentrations in complex matrices.
abstract: Ginsenoside Rg1 is a valuable bioactive molecule but its high polarity and low concentration in complex mixtures makes it a challenge to separate Ginsenoside Rg1 from other saponins with similar structures, resulting in low extraction efficiency. The successful development of effective Rg1 molecularly imprinted polymers that exhibit high selectivity and adsorption may offer an improved method for the enrichment of active compounds. In this work, molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared with two different methods, precipitation polymerization or surface imprinted polymerization. Comparison of the adsorption abilities showed higher adsorption of the surface molecularly imprinted polymers prepared by surface imprinted polymerization, 46.80 mg/g, compared to the 27.74 mg/g observed for the molecularly imprinted polymers prepared by precipitation polymerization. Therefore, for higher adsorption of the highly polar Rg1, surface imprinted polymerization is a superior technique to make Rg1 molecularly imprinted polymers. The prepared surface molecularly imprinted polymers were tested as a solid-phase extraction column to directionally enrich Rg1 and its analogues from ginseng tea and total ginseng extracts. The column with surface molecularly imprinted polymers showed higher enrichment efficiency and better selectivity than a C18solid-phase extraction column. Overall, a new, innovative method was developed to efficiently enrich high-polarity bioactive molecules present at low concentrations in complex matrices.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Chinese Minority Medicine and Nutrition, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Shan
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institution of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Chinese Minority Medicine and Nutrition, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Bin
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Chinese Minority Medicine and Nutrition, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Chinese Minority Medicine and Nutrition, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Huoqiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Chinese Minority Medicine and Nutrition, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ke-Qin
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D054802:Molecular Imprinting; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D011108:Polymers; D012503:Saponins; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1
keywords: ginsenoside Rb1; ginsenoside Re; ginsenoside Rg1; high-polarity bioactive molecules; surface molecularly imprinted polymers