title: miR-29a regulates vascular neointimal hyperplasia by targeting YY1.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The formation of vascular neointima is mainly related to impairment of the vascular endothelial barrier and abnormal proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells. The objective of this study was to investigate whether miR-29a exerts any promoting effect on the vascular neointimal hyperplasia and if so, its mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  RT-qPCR was performed to determine expression of miR-29a in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and vascular neointimal hyperplasia. To further understand its role, we restored its expression in VSMCs by transfection with miR-29a mimics or inhibitors. Effects of miR-29a on cell proliferation were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we used two kinds of model to observe the role of miR-29a in neointimal hyperplasia induced by carotid ligation or balloon injury. The major findings were that: (i) miR-29a overexpression promoted neointimal hyperplasia induced by carotid ligation; (ii) miR-29a increased proliferation of VSMCs, one aspect of which was by targeting expression of Ying and yang 1 protein (YY1), a negative regulator of Cyclin D1. A further aspect, was by increasing expression of Krüppel-like factor 5, a positive regulator of Cyclin D1, thereby allowing formation a synergistic effect. (iii) Tongxinluo (TXL), a traditional Chinese medicine reduced neointimal formation in ligated vessels by inhibiting VSMC proliferation and migration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings provide a new molecular mechanism of TXL in decreasing neointima hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.|Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Yong Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Animal Center of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Chan-Juan
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.|The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Cui-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.|Handan First Hospital, Handan, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Na
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Animal Center of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Kun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C118391:Klf5 protein, mouse; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; C547014:MIRN29 microRNA, mouse; C526366:MIRN29 microRNA, rat; C532045:MIRN29a microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor; C513941:tongxinluo