title: Implicit Motives and Men's Perceived Constraint in Fatherhood.
abstract: Research shows that implicit motives influence social relationships. However, little is known about their role in fatherhood and, particularly, how men experience their paternal role. Therefore, this study examined the association of implicit motives and fathers' perceived constraint due to fatherhood. Furthermore, we explored their relation to fathers' life satisfaction. Participants were fathers with biological children (N= 276). They were asked to write picture stories, which were then coded for implicit affiliation and power motives. Perceived constraint and life satisfaction were assessed on a visual analog scale. A higher implicit need for affiliation was significantly associated with lower perceived constraint, whereas the implicit need for power had the opposite effect. Perceived constraint had a negative influence on life satisfaction. Structural equation modeling revealed significant indirect effects of implicit affiliation and power motives on life satisfaction mediated by perceived constraint. Our findings indicate that men with a higher implicit need for affiliation experience less constraint due to fatherhood, resulting in higher life satisfaction. The implicit need for power, however, results in more perceived constraint and is related to decreased life satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Central European Network on Fatherhood, Headquarter at University of ViennaVienna, Austria; University Research Priority Program - Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruppen
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Central European Network on Fatherhood, Headquarter at University of ViennaVienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Waldvogel
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Central European Network on Fatherhood, Headquarter at University of ViennaVienna, Austria; University Research Priority Program - Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ehlert
keywords: affiliation; fatherhood; implicit motivation; life satisfaction; perceived constraint; power