title: B cells present skewed profile and lose the function of supporting T cell inflammation after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
abstract: Bariatric surgeries, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are currently the best treatment for obesity and obesity-related comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes. However, the underlying mechanism of bariatric surgeries is not entirely understood. Further investigations are needed to improve the success rate and achieve sustained health benefits. Given that B cell dysregulation is a critical component of etiology in inflammatory diseases, whereas obesity and type 2 diabetes represent two major inflammatory disorders, we investigated the effect of RYGB on B cell inflammation. We found that B cells after RYGB presented significantly elevated frequency of interleukin (IL)-10-producing cells and reduced frequency of IL-6-producing cells compared to those before RYGB. When grouping B cell subsets into regulatory (secreting IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β]) and effector (secreting IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, interferon gamma [IFN-γ] and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) types, we found that after RYGB, the regulatory to effector B cell ratio was significantly increased. Function analyses showed that B cells before RYGB supported IL-17 secretion from T cells whereas these cells after RYGB lost such capacity. B cells after RYGB also gained the capacity to suppress T cell IFN-γ production through TGF-β-mediated effects, a feature not present in B cells before RYGB. Interestingly, the regulatory to effector B cell ratio was directly associated with the reductions in obesity markers following RYGB, such as BMI and fat mass percentage. Together, these results demonstrated a potential mechanism through which RYGB promoted amelioration of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Center for Obesity and Diabetes, Jinshazhou Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Surgical Center for Obesity and Diabetes, Jinshazhou Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China.
authors.forename: Weiguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Health Management Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China.
authors.forename: Junfang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: Surgical Center for Obesity and Diabetes, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China.
authors.forename: Songhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Surgical Center for Obesity and Diabetes, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China.
authors.forename: Dongzhi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.affiliation: Surgical Center for Obesity and Diabetes, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China.
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Surgical Center for Obesity and Diabetes, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China.
authors.forename: Zhigao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: DICAT Biomedical Computation Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Ken H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Surgical Center for Obesity and Diabetes, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China. Electronic address: liangpingwu_gz@126.com.
authors.forename: Liangping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D060151:B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D002450:Cell Communication; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: B cell; Diabetes; Obesity; RYGB