title: Lead Extraction Considerations for the Referring Cardiologist.
abstract: The population of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) continues to grow due to increasing indications in an aging population and breakthroughs in both the medical and the surgical care of patients with heart disease. As a result, there has been a growing need for device and lead extractions due to the growing population of patients with CIEDs and the subsequent need for system upgrades or revisions because of complications, infections, and lead advisory alerts.
authors.affiliation: From the Cleveland Clinic; Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart & Vascular Institute, Robert & Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Ayman A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.forename: Bruce L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Wilkoff
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D020878:Device Removal; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial