title: Melastoma malabathricum Linn attenuates complete freund's adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation in Wistar rats via inflammation response.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Natural products use for arthritis treatment is gaining importance in the medical worldt. Various studies reports medical importance of Melastoma malabathricum Linn. (MM) (Melastomataceae), also known as "putki," has a broad range of health benefits, for its free radical scavenging constituents. The current investigation scrutinizes the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of MM against adjuvant-induced arthritis in experimental rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used for estimation of phytochemical-constituents present in the MM extract. Protective effect of MM extract in Wistar rats was estimated using CFA-induced model. The rats were divided into different groups with six rats in each group. All animals received oral administration of MM and indomethacin for 28 days. The body weight and arthritic score were scrutinized at regular intervals. At the end of experimental protocol, the rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were used for antioxidant, hematological parameters, pro-inflammatory and inflammatory mediator, respectively. Histopathological observation was used to evaluate the protective effect of MM extract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current study confirmed the preventive effect of MM against adjuvant-induced paw edema, paw redness and arthritic progression. MM significantly (P < 0.001) modulated the oxidative stress parameters as well as hematological parameter induced by CFA. The result also altered the distorted level of proinflammatory mediators and inflammatory mediator, which further reinforce the implication of MM in CFA induced arthritis. Histological analyses of joints of rats showed a reduction in the synovial hyperplasia and mononuclear infiltration in the MM treated group which provides evidence for the antiarthritic effect of MM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From above parameters our study states that the MM is capable of restraining the alteration produced via adjuvant-induced arthritis in aminals. The repressing effect of MM could be attributed, at least in part, to antioxidant, hematological and anti-inflammatory effect. Figure Caption: Melastoma Malabathricum Linn Attenuates Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Chronic Inflammation in Wistar rats by Inflammation Response.
authors.affiliation: Nautral Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (Deemed University), Allahabad, -211007, Uttar Pradesh, India. phvikas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
authors.forename: Prakash Chandra
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Nautral Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (Deemed University), Allahabad, -211007, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Mahfoozur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh Kumar
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India.
authors.forename: Nikunj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786001, India.
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India.
authors.forename: Nikhil Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sachan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (Central University), Vidya Vihar, Rai Bareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, India.
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaithwas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Al-Abbasi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. firoz_anwar2000@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Firoz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.affiliation: Bio-organic & Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, technology & Sciences (Deemed University), Allahabad, -211007, Uttar Pradesh, India. amitaverma.dr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001168:Arthritis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D035322:Melastomataceae; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D011794:Quercetin / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D011794:Quercetin
keywords: Complete Freund’s Adjuvant; Inflammatory mediator; Melastoma malabathricum Linn; Pro-inflammatory mediator