title: Profiling the Serum Albumin Cys34 Adductome of Solid Fuel Users in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, China.
abstract: Xuanwei and Fuyuan counties in China have the highest lung cancer rates in the world due to household air pollution from combustion of smoky coal for cooking and heating. To discover potential biomarkers of indoor combustion products, we profiled adducts at the Cys34 locus of human serum albumin (HSA) in 29 nonsmoking Xuanwei and Fuyuan females who used smoky coal, smokeless coal, or wood and 10 local controls who used electricity or gas fuel. Our untargeted "adductomics" method detected 50 tryptic peptides of HSA, containing Cys34 and prominent post-translational modifications. Putative adducts included Cys34 oxidation products, mixed disulfides, rearrangements, and truncations. The most significant differences in adduct levels across fuel types were observed for S-glutathione (S-GSH) and S-γ-glutamylcysteine (S-γ-GluCys), both of which were present at lower levels in subjects exposed to combustion products than in controls. After adjustment for age and personal measurements of airborne benzo(a)pyrene, the largest reductions in levels of S-GSH and S-γ-GluCys relative to controls were observed for users of smoky coal, compared to users of smokeless coal and wood. These results point to possible depletion of GSH, an essential antioxidant, and its precursor γ-GluCys in nonsmoking females exposed to indoor-combustion products in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, China.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, College of Natural Resources, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: Sixin S
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9951-1721
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: Hasmik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Grigoryan
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: William M B
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Edmands
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Human Service, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: Anthony T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Iavarone
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hubbard
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Human Service, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States.
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University , 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vermeulen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Human Service, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3806-0848
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rappaport
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D015415:Biomarkers; D002681:China; D003031:Coal; D003296:Cooking; D018736:DNA Adducts; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012906:Smoke
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003031:Coal; D018736:DNA Adducts; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012906:Smoke