title: Assessment of Abdominal Fat Using High-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Anthropometric and Biochemical Parameters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To measure the abdominal subcutaneous fat (SF) and visceral fat (VF) volumes using high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to investigate their association with selected anthropometric and biochemical parameters among obese and nonobese apparently healthy participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting 167 healthy participants. Abdominal scans were acquired at 3T MRI, and the SF and VF were segmented and their volumes were calculated. Selected anthropometric and biochemical measurements were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between normal body weight and overweight and obese participants for SF and VF, total abdominal fat volumes, leptin, resistin, adiponectin and waist circumference. Waist circumferences were measured by tape and MRI. Findings revealed that MRI-measured fat volumes were different between males and females and had a significant (P < 0.01) strong positive correlation with body mass index, leptin, resistin and WC and had a negative correlation with adiponectin level. MRI-measured fat volumes were found to correlate moderately with interleukin-6 and weakly with cholesterol, serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein. Except for cholesterol, all measured biochemical variables and abdominal fat volumes in the current study were significantly associated with body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All anthropometric and biochemical parameters showed weak-to-strong associations with the MRI-measured fat volumes. Abdominal fat distribution was different between males and females and their correlations with some lipid profiles were found to be sex dependent. These findings revealed that MRI can be used as an alternative tool for obesity assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan. Electronic address: ali.radaideh@hu.edu.jo.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Radaideh
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
authors.forename: Reema
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tayyem
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
authors.forename: Kholoud
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Fayomi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
authors.forename: Nisreen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nimer
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, King Hussien Medical Center, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Amer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malkawi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, King Hussien Medical Center, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Rana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Al-Zu Bi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
authors.forename: Lana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Agraib
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, King Hussien Medical Center, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Imad
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Athamneh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
authors.forename: Nawal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hijjawi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Body mass index; Lipid profile and adipokines; Magnetic resonance imaging; Subcutaneous fat; Visceral fat