title: Effect of dry tomato peel supplementation on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic markers in mice fed high-saturated-fat/high-cholesterol diets.
abstract: Many studies have investigated the effect of crude tomato peel in vivo, but no studies have determined the dose-effect of dry tomato peel (DTP) on glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and atherogenic dyslipidemia induced by a high-saturated-fat (HSF) diet in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different doses of DTP on the levels of oxidative stress in mice fed an HSF and cholesterol-rich diet for 12 weeks. The main outcomes are glucose and insulin tolerance, plasma lipids, and hepatic steatosis and inflammation. BALB/c male mice (n=40) (8 weeks old, weighing 22.2±1.0 g) were divided into four treatment groups (10 mice/group): (a) high-fat control diet (HF Ctrl), which contains sunflower oil as a sole source of fat; (b) HSF/high-cholesterol (HC) diet; (c) HSF/HC diet supplemented with 9% DTP and (d) HSF/HC diet supplemented with 17% DTP. The HSF/HC diet significantly increased body weight gain, adipose tissue weight, fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin and lipid peroxidation and caused the development of liver steatosis and inflammation. Supplementation with DTP increased plasma lycopene concentration and reduced the development of indicators of metabolic syndrome, with no consistent effect of the DTP dose. Hepatic steatosis and inflammation were not reversed with DTP supplementation. Among mice fed the HSF/HC diet, DTP supplementation appears to have a beneficial effect on insulin resistance, which confirms the antiatherogenic effect of DTP.
authors.affiliation: Food Technology Research Laboratory, University of M'hamed Bougara Boumerdes, Algeria.
authors.forename: Sofiane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zidani
authors.affiliation: Food Technology Research Laboratory, University of M'hamed Bougara Boumerdes, Algeria. Electronic address: benakmoum@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benakmoum
authors.affiliation: Food Technology and Human Nutrition Department, École Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie, Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ammouche
authors.affiliation: Bio-Pathology and Genetics Department, Pasteur Institute, Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Yasmine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Benali
authors.affiliation: Bio-Pathology and Genetics Department, Pasteur Institute, Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Anissa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouhadef
authors.affiliation: Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Souheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abbeddou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000178:diet therapy*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000178:diet therapy; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: Dry tomato peel; Glucose tolerance; High-saturated-fat/high-cholesterol diet; Insulin resistance; Lycopene; Mice; Type 2 diabetes