title: Fluid Resuscitation in Severe Sepsis.
abstract: Since its original description in 1832, fluid resuscitation has become the cornerstone of early and aggressive treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. However, questions remain about optimal fluid composition, dose, and rate of administration for critically ill patients. This article reviews pertinent physiology of the circulatory system, pathogenesis of septic shock, and phases of sepsis resuscitation, and then focuses on the type, rate, and amount of fluid administration for severe sepsis and septic shock, so providers can choose the right fluid, for the right patient, at the right time.
authors.affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Loflin
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Program, Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: mwinters@em.umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Winters
mesh_terms: D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D012151:Resuscitation; D018805:Sepsis / Q000628:therapy*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Acute kidney injury; Colloid; Crystalloid; Fluid challenge; Fluid overload; Fluid responsiveness; Fluid resuscitation; Hyperchloremia