title: Low-methoxyl lemon pectin attenuates inflammatory responses and improves intestinal barrier integrity in caerulein-induced experimental acute pancreatitis.
abstract: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common clinical acute abdominal disease. The intestinal injury associated with AP will aggravate the condition retroactively. This study investigates whether the low-methoxyl pectin (LMP) isolated from lemon could attenuate AP and associated intestinal injury.
  
  
  
  Experimental AP was induced in BALB/c mice by caerulien (CAE) hyperstimulation. Nutritional prophylactic group was pre-fed with 5% LMP supplemented forage 3 days before AP induction. We found that LMP supplementation attenuated the severity of AP as evidenced by reduced serum amylase and lipase levels, pancreatic edema and myeloperoxidase activity. The protective effect was also confirmed by histological examination of pancreatic damage. LMP suppressed the production of pancreatic proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Moreover, LMP supplementation restored AP-associated disruption of intestinal barrier integrity as evidenced by upregulation of tight junction modulatory proteins occludin, zonula occludens (ZO)-1, antimicrobial peptides β-defensin-1 (DEFB1) and CRAMP as well as increase in SCFAs production. LMP supplemented mice with AP exhibited suppressed intestinal inflammation as shown by decreased ileal and colon cytokine production compared with CAE group.
  
  
  
  Our results support dietary LMP supplementation as an effective nutritional intervention for AP and associated intestinal injury.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Vos
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China.|Jiangnan University School of Medicine, Wuxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D002108:Ceruletide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008049:Lipase / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D010368:Pectins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000187:drug effects; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D023083:beta-Defensins; D002108:Ceruletide; D010368:Pectins; D008049:Lipase; D000681:Amylases
keywords: Cytokines; Inflammation; Intestinal barrier function; Low-methoxyl lemon pectin; Short chain fatty acids; Tight junction