title: The effect of local application of low-magnitude high-frequency vibration on the bone healing of rabbit calvarial defects-a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of local application of low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) on the bone healing of rabbit calvarial defects that were augmented with different grafting materials and membranes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four calvarial defects were created in each of two New Zealand rabbits and filled with the following materials: biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), deproteinized bovine bone mineral covered with a non-cross-linked collagen membrane (BO/BG), biphasic calcium phosphate covered with a strontium hydroxyapatite-containing collagen membrane (BCP/SR), and non-cross-linked collagen membrane (BG). Four defects in one rabbit served as a control, while the other was additionally subjected to the local LMHFV protocol of 40 Hz, 16 min per day. The rabbits were sacrificed 1 week after surgery. Histomorphometric analysis was performed to determine the percentages of different tissue compartments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the control defects, the higher percentage of osteoid tissue was found in LMHFV BG defects (35.3 vs. 19.3%), followed by BCP/SR (17.3 vs. 2.0%) and BO/BG (9.3 vs. 1.0%). The fraction occupied by the residual grafting material varied from 40.3% in BO/BG to 22.3% in BCP/SR LMHFV defects. Two-way models revealed that material type was only significant for the osteoid (P= 0.045) and grafting material (P = 0.001) percentages, while the vibration did not provide any statistical significance for all histomorphometric outcomes (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local application of LMHFV did not appear to offer additional benefit in the initial healing phase of rabbit calvarial defects. Histomorphometric measurements after 1 week of healing demonstrated more pronounced signs of early bone formation in both rabbits that were related with material type and independent of LMHFV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.|Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Puhar
authors.affiliation: Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Suleimenova
authors.affiliation: Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Vasileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chronopoulos
authors.affiliation: Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. nikos@mattheos.net.
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7358-7496
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mattheos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011817:Rabbits; D012886:Skull / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014732:Vibration / Q000627:therapeutic use*
keywords: Animal experiments; Biomaterials; Bone substitutes; Guided bone regeneration; Morphometric analysis; Vibration; Wound healing