title: miR-224 Affects Mammary Epithelial Cell Apoptosis and Triglyceride Production by Downregulating ACADM and ALDH2 Genes.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that involve in various biological functions by regulating the expressions of target genes. In recent years, many researchers have demonstrated that miR-224 played an important role in regulating lipid metabolism. Therefore, in this study, the target genes of miR-224 were verified and the regulatory role of miR-224 was confirmed in lipid metabolism. In this study, bioinformatics methods were used for primarily predicting the target gene of miR-224 and dual-luciferase reporter system was used for further verify the relationship between miR-224 and its target gene. Then, the miR-224 mimics, miR-224 inhibitor, and miRNA-ShNC were transfected into mammary epithelial cells (MECs), respectively, and the expression of miR-224 and its target genes was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Furthermore, the triglyceride production and cell apoptosis were detected by triglyceride mensuration reagent kit using flow cytometry. The results showed that ACADM and ALDH2 were predicted to be the target genes of miR-224, primarily by bioinformatics analysis. We founded that miR-224 could recognize with ACADM-3'UTR and ALDH2-3'UTR, indicating that the target sites existed in 3'UTR of ACADM and ALDH2. And then, the expressions of miR-224 had negative trend with the levels of ACADM and ALDH2, suggesting that miR-224 could downregulate the expressions of ACADM and ALDH2. Finally, the triglyceride production decreased and apoptosis rate increased after the overexpression of miR-224 in MECs. The above results indicated that miR-224 regulating target genes in lipid metabolism might be used as a new pathway for better breeding.
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Binglei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Qiqi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: 2 College of Animal Science, Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Yuwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: 2 College of Animal Science, Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Yunsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Yongli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: 2 College of Animal Science, Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D042964:Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D019295:Computational Biology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000166:cytology*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D035683:MicroRNAs; D014280:Triglycerides; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D042964:Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase
keywords: ACADM; ALDH2; apoptosis; miR-224; triglycerides