title: Motivation: What have we learned and what is still missing?
abstract: This final chapter deliberates three overarching topics and conclusions of the research presented in this volume: the endurance of the concept of extrinsic vs intrinsic motivation, the importance of considering subjective costs of activities when aiming to understand and enhance motivation, and current knowledge of the neurobiological underpinnings of motivation. Furthermore, three topics for future motivation research are outlined, namely the assessment and determinants of intrinsic benefits, the reconciliation of activity-specific motivation models with generalized motivation impairments in clinical populations, and the motivational dynamics of groups.
authors.affiliation: Mauritius Hospital, Meerbusch, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. Electronic address: bettina.studer@stmtk.de.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Studer
authors.affiliation: Mauritius Hospital, Meerbusch, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knecht
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology*; D011582:Psychological Theory; D012922:Social Change
chemical_list: D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Brain; Conclusions; Costs; Extrinsic; Groups; Intrinsic; Motivation; Open questions