title: Multimodal computational microscopy based on transport of intensity equation.
abstract: Transport of intensity equation (TIE) is a powerful tool for phase retrieval and quantitative phase imaging, which requires intensity measurements only at axially closely spaced planes without a separate reference beam. It does not require coherent illumination and works well on conventional bright-field microscopes. The quantitative phase reconstructed by TIE gives valuable information that has been encoded in the complex wave field by passage through a sample of interest. Such information may provide tremendous flexibility to emulate various microscopy modalities computationally without requiring specialized hardware components. We develop a requisite theory to describe such a hybrid computational multimodal imaging system, which yields quantitative phase, Zernike phase contrast, differential interference contrast, and light field moment imaging, simultaneously. It makes the various observations for biomedical samples easy. Then we give the experimental demonstration of these ideas by time-lapse imaging of live HeLa cell mitosis. Experimental results verify that a tunable lens-based TIE system, combined with the appropriate postprocessing algorithm, can achieve a variety of promising imaging modalities in parallel with the quantitative phase images for the dynamic study of cellular processes.
authors.affiliation: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory, XiaoLingWei Street No. 200, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, ChinabNanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China.
authors.forename: Jiaji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory, XiaoLingWei Street No. 200, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, ChinabNanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China.
authors.forename: Jiasong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory, XiaoLingWei Street No. 200, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, ChinabNanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China.
authors.forename: Jialin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory, XiaoLingWei Street No. 200, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, ChinabNanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zuo
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast / Q000379:methods*; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D059008:Time-Lapse Imaging