title: A Protein-Polymer Bioconjugate-Coated Upconversion Nanosystem for Simultaneous Tumor Cell Imaging, Photodynamic Therapy, and Chemotherapy.
abstract: Combined cancer therapy possesses many advantages including improved tumoricidal efficacy, reduced side effects, and retarded drug resistance. Herein, a protein-polymer bioconjugate-coated multifunctional upconversion nanosystem, consisting of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) core, tailored amphiphilic protein-polymer bioconjugate shell, and photosensitizer zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and antitumor drug doxorubicin coloaded inside, was elaborately developed for combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy. In this system, UCNs core could convert deep penetrating near-infrared light to visible light for simultaneous cell fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy by activating ZnPc to generate cytotoxic ROS, while the protective shell of bovine serum albumin-poly(ε-caprolactone) (BSA-PCL) offered excellent water solubility, good stability, and low cytotoxicity. The ROS production test showed that this nanosystem could successfully generate singlet oxygen under NIR irradiation. A cellular uptake study demonstrated that intense fluorescence emission of the UCNs could be observed in HeLa cells, indicating their outstanding real-time imaging capability. More importantly, compared with single PDT or chemotherapy systems, the constructed combined therapy UCNs system demonstrated significantly enhanced tumor cell killing efficiency. On the basis of our findings, this multifunctional UCNs nanosystem could be a promising versatile theranostic nanoplatform for image-guided combined cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chunhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai City, Shandong Province 264003, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhongyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Weisheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Weitao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hanjie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D054833:Isoindoles; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011091:Polyesters / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D017967:Zinc Compounds
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D004337:Drug Carriers; D007211:Indoles; D054833:Isoindoles; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011091:Polyesters; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C052159:Zn(II)-phthalocyanine; C016240:polycaprolactone; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D004317:Doxorubicin
keywords: chemotherapy; combined therapy; photodynamic therapy; protein−polymer bioconjugate; upconversion nanosystems