title: Factors related to compliance with palivizumab prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection - data from Poland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate compliance and health outcomes in children receiving palivizumab prophylaxis and to identify factors that could impact parental compliance with the recommended regimen of palivizumab immunoprophylaxis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, multicentre, non-interventional study of children enrolled in the Polish National Programme for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Immunoprophylaxis who received ≥1 dose of palivizumab during two consecutive RSV seasons (I: 2008-2009, II: 2009-2010). For each child qualified to receive palivizumab, the following data were collected: sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics at enrolment, and in the course of palivizumab prophylaxis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One thousand twenty-one infants were enrolled into the Registry at 29 sites across Poland and received a total of 3,241 palivizumab injections (average: 3.2 doses per child). The incidence of adverse reactions was 3.33%; nervousness was the most frequently reported event (1.23%). Overall, 771 (75.5%) children received all of their expected injections, whereas 635 (62.2%) children received their injections within the appropriate interdose interval. Compliance was lower in male infants. None of the other demographic, social, or clinical factors seemed to impact compliance. Non-compliant children had a higher rate of hospitalisation due to respiratory illness (22% vs 9.9%, p<0.0001, and 18.4% vs 9.5%, p<0.0001, for compliance defined by the number of expected injections received and by the interdose interval, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Palivizumab prophylaxis was conducted in accordance with recommendations and was well tolerated in at-risk infants. Non-compliance was higher among male infants and was related with a higher rate of hospitalisation due to respiratory illness.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Unit, Independent Public Health Care Center, Myślenice, e-mail: r.borecka@upcpoczta.pl.
authors.forename: Róża
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borecka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College.
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lauterbach
authors.affiliation: Neonatology and Intensive Care Department, the Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Helwich
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D000069455:Palivizumab / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011044:Poland; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016903:Drug Monitoring
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000069455:Palivizumab
keywords: palivizumab; prematurity; respiratory syncytial virus infections