title: Patchiness of Ciliate Communities Sampled at Varying Spatial Scales along the New England Shelf.
abstract: Although protists (microbial eukaryotes) provide an important link between bacteria and Metazoa in food webs, we do not yet have a clear understanding of the spatial scales on which protist diversity varies. Here, we use a combination of DNA fingerprinting (denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis or DGGE) and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) to assess the ciliate community in the class Spirotrichea at varying scales of 1-3 km sampled in three locations separated by at least 25 km-offshore, midshelf and inshore-along the New England shelf. Analyses of both abundant community (DGGE) and the total community (HTS) members reveal that: 1) ciliate communities are patchily distributed inshore (i.e. the middle station of a transect is distinct from its two neighboring stations), whereas communities are more homogeneous among samples within the midshelf and offshore stations; 2) a ciliate closely related to Pelagostrobilidium paraepacrum 'blooms' inshore and; 3) environmental factors may differentially impact the distributions of individual ciliates (i.e. OTUs) rather than the community as a whole as OTUs tend to show distinct biogeographies (e.g. some OTUs are restricted to the offshore locations, some to the surface, etc.). Together, these data show the complexity underlying the spatial distributions of marine protists, and suggest that biogeography may be a property of ciliate species rather than communities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jean-David
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1854-3762
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Grattepanche
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors.forename: George B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, United States of America.|Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D061006:Bays; D044822:Biodiversity; D016798:Ciliophora / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004777:Environment; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D009511:New England; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan