title: Zinc and selenium accumulation and their effect on iron bioavailability in common bean seeds.
abstract: Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are the most important legume crops. They represent a major source of micronutrients and a target for essential trace mineral enhancement (i.e. biofortification). To investigate mineral accumulation during seed maturation and to examine whether it is possible to biofortify seeds with multi-micronutrients without affecting mineral bioavailability, three common bean cultivars were treated independently with zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se), the two critical micronutrients that can be effectively enhanced via fertilization. The seed mineral concentrations during seed maturation and the seed Fe bioavailability were analyzed. Common bean seeds were found to respond positively to Zn and Se treatments in accumulating these micronutrients. While the seed pods showed a decrease in Zn and Se along with Fe content during pod development, the seeds maintained relatively constant mineral concentrations during seed maturation. Selenium treatment had minimal effect on the seed accumulation of phytic acid and polyphenols, the compounds affecting Fe bioavailability. Zinc treatment reduced phytic acid level, but did not dramatically affect the concentrations of total polyphenols. Iron bioavailability was found not to be greatly affected in seeds biofortified with Se and Zn. In contrast, the inhibitory polyphenol compounds in the black bean profoundly reduced Fe bioavailability. These results provide valuable information for Se and Zn enhancement in common bean seeds and suggest the possibility to biofortify with these essential nutrients without greatly affecting mineral bioavailability to increase the food quality of common bean seeds.
authors.affiliation: Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Zip Code 3037, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marislaine A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Zip Code 3037, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Boldrin
authors.affiliation: Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Zip Code 3037, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Messias J B
authors.initials: MJB
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Zip Code 3037, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz R G
authors.initials: LRG
authors.lastname: Guilherme
authors.affiliation: Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Raymond P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Glahn
authors.affiliation: Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. Electronic address: ll37@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000072759:Biofortification; D001682:Biological Availability; D018533:Biomass; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000378:metabolism*; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D012643:Selenium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals; D059808:Polyphenols; D010833:Phytic Acid; D007501:Iron; D012643:Selenium; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Fe bioavailability; Micronutrient; Phaseolus vulgaris; Phytic acid; Polyphenol; Selenium; Zinc