title: Apolipoprotein E (epsilon) genotype has a greater impact on apoB-48 than apoB-100 responses to dietary fat manipulation-insights from the SATgenε study.
abstract: To determine the contribution of intestinally and liver-derived lipoproteins to the postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) response in APOE3/E3 and E3/E4 individuals following chronic dietary fat manipulation.
  
  
  
  In sequential order, participants (n = 12 E3/E3, n = 11 E3/E4) followed low fat; high-fat, high-saturated fat (HSF); and HSF with 3.45 g/day docosahexaenoic acid (HSF-DHA) diets, each for 8 weeks. After each dietary period, an acute test meal with a macronutrient profile representative of the dietary intervention was consumed. Apolipoprotein (apo)B isoforms were determined in isolated TAG-rich lipoprotein fractions (Svedberg flotation rate (Sf) > 400, Sf60-400, and Sf20-60) by specific ELISA. A genotype × meal/diet interaction for the Sf> 400 fraction apoB-48 response (p < 0.05) was observed, with higher concentrations reached after the low fat than HSF-DHA meal in E4 carriers. This finding was associated with a lower TAG content of the Sf> 400 particles. Fasting Sf60-400 and 20-60 apoB-48 concentrations were also significantly higher in E4 carriers. No impact of genotype on the apoB-100 responses was evident.
  
  
  
  Our study revealed marked effects of dietary fat composition on the Sf> 400 apoB-48 response and particle TAG content in E4 carriers relative to the "wild-type" E3/E3 genotype, which suggest APOE genotype is a potential modulator of chylomicron particle synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.|Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Kim G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.|Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Stacey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lockyer
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.|Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Carvalho-Wells
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.|Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Minihane
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.|Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lovegrove
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053283:Apolipoprotein B-48 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053318:Apolipoprotein E3 / Q000235:genetics; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C569471:APOB protein, human; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D053283:Apolipoprotein B-48; D053318:Apolipoprotein E3; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids
keywords: APOE genotype; Dietary fat quantity; Docosahexaenoic acid; Saturated fat; Triacylglycerol