title: Plant-based foods containing cell wall polysaccharides rich in specific active monosaccharides protect against myocardial injury in rat myocardial infarction models.
abstract: Many cohort studies have shown that consumption of diets containing a higher composition of foods derived from plants reduces mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD). Here, we examined the active components of a plant-based diet and the underlying mechanisms that reduce the risk of CHD using three rat models and a quantitative proteomics approach. In a short-term myocardial infarction (MI) model, intake of wheat extract (WE), the representative cardioprotectant identified by screening approximately 4,000 samples, reduced myocardial injury by inhibiting apoptosis, enhancing ATP production, and maintaining protein homeostasis. In long-term post-MI models, this myocardial protection resulted in ameliorating adverse left-ventricular remodelling, which is a predictor of heart failure. Among the wheat components, arabinose and xylose were identified as active components responsible for the observed efficacy of WE, which was administered via ingestion and tail-vein injections. Finally, the food components of plant-based diets that contained cell wall polysaccharides rich in arabinose, xylose, and possibly fucose were found to confer protection against myocardial injury. These results show for the first time that specific monosaccharides found in the cell wall polysaccharides in plant-based diets can act as active ingredients that reduce CHD by inhibiting postocclusion steps, including MI and heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Hypoxi Co., LTD., Daegu 42472, Korea.
authors.forename: Yaesil
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Omics Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Korea.|Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Na
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Omics Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Dongyang University, Yeongju, Gyeongbuk 36040, Korea.
authors.forename: Mee-Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea.
authors.forename: Jongwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D009005:Monosaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides