title: Measurement of Peripheral Vision Reaction Time Identifies White Matter Disruption in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.
abstract: This study examined whether peripheral vision reaction time (PVRT) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) correlated with white matter abnormalities in centroaxial structures and impairments in neuropsychological testing. Within 24 h after mTBI, crossed reaction times (CRT), uncrossed reaction times (URT), and crossed-uncrossed difference (CUD) were measured in 23 patients using a laptop computer that displayed visual stimuli predominantly to either the left or the right visual field of the retina. The CUD is a surrogate marker of the interhemispheric transfer time (ITT). Within 7 days after the injury, patients received a diffusion tensor-MRI (DTI) scan and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Nine uninjured control subjects received similar testing. Patients 18-50 years of age were included if they had a post-resuscitation Glasgow Coma Scale >13 and an injury mechanism compatible with mTBI. Healthy controls were either age- and gender-matched family members of the TBI patients or healthy volunteers. CUD deficits >2 standard deviations (SD) were seen in 40.9% of patients. The CUD of injured patients correlated with mean diffusivity (MD) (p < 0.001, ρ = -0.811) in the posterior corpus callosum. Patients could be stratified on the basis of CUD on the Stroop 1, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), and the obsessive-compulsive component of the Basic Symptom Inventory tests. These studies suggest that the PVRT indirectly measures white matter integrity in the posterior corpus callosum, a brain region frequently damaged by mTBI.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.|2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.|3 Berman Laboratory for Learning and Memory, Center for BrainHealth, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas , Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Kyle B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Womack
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paliotta
authors.affiliation: 3 Berman Laboratory for Learning and Memory, Center for BrainHealth, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas , Dallas, Texas.|4 Department of Neurology, Washington University , St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Jeremy F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Strain
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Johnson S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Yosef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Skolnick
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Lytton
authors.affiliation: 6 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: L Christine
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Turtzo
authors.affiliation: 7 Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Roderick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McColl
authors.affiliation: 6 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.|8 Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Diaz-Arrastia
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bergold
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D066127:White Matter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: diagnosis; mTBI; neuropsychiatric tests; peripheral vision; reaction time