title: [Leptospirosis space-time distribution and risk factors in Belém, Pará, Brazil].
abstract: The occurrence of leptospirosis has defied epidemiology even when using different analysis technologies at local geographical levels. This cross-sectional and descriptive study sought to identify spatial correlations between social and environmental risk factors and leptospirosis in Belém in the State of Pará from 2007 to 2013. Epidemiological data were obtained from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases of the Pará State Department of Public Health and the environmental, demographic and cartographical data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Men aged 20 to 39 of unknown profession and mixed ethnicity were the most affected. Laboratory diagnosis (82%) and hospital care (67.22%) confirmed satisfactory access to the Unified Health System. Numerical Kriging indicated the highest concentrations of the disease in the Guamá and Jurunas neighborhoods in lower lying areas near canals. The Buffer technique showed higher concentrations of the disease in areas with no domestic solid garbage collection service (26%), sewage (22%), piped water (38%), with unpaved roads (20%) and street flooding (65%). The Moran technique revealed a direct spatial correlation between these variables (p = 0.01543). The general trend showed the decrease of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Ciberespacial, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. Av. Pres. Tancredo Neves 2501, Montese. 66077-530 Belém PA Brasil. nelsoncg2009@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nelson Veiga
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará. Belém PA Brasil.
authors.forename: Ediane Nunes de
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Geoprocessamento, Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA). Belém PA Brasil.
authors.forename: Alcinês da Silva
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Pará. Belém PA Brasil.
authors.forename: Waltair Maria Martins
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Secretaria de Educação do Estado do Pará, Governo do Estado do Pará. Belém PA Brasil.
authors.forename: Claudia do Socorro Carvalho
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Instituto Ciberespacial, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. Av. Pres. Tancredo Neves 2501, Montese. 66077-530 Belém PA Brasil. nelsoncg2009@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pedro Silvestre da Silvia
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Instituto Ciberespacial, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. Av. Pres. Tancredo Neves 2501, Montese. 66077-530 Belém PA Brasil. nelsoncg2009@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mauro Wendel de Souza
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Matos
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, UEPA. Belém PA Brasil.
authors.forename: Vera Regina da Cunha Menezes
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Palácios
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D055868:Floods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005735:Garbage; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012499:Sanitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012722:Sewage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage