title: Unusual Cause of Horner Syndrome 13 Years After In Situ Ductal Carcinoma.
abstract: Horner syndrome can be caused by a wide range of pathologies along the sympathetic nerve chain, from the hypothalamus to the orbit. Imaging workup of Horner syndrome is necessary given the potential for deadly lesions, especially in a patient with a previous cancer history. The authors report a case of a woman who presented with a preganglionic Horner syndrome secondary to vertebral metastasis from previously diagnosed breast cancer that involved the neural foramina at T1 and T2.
authors.affiliation: Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Mohannad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malach
authors.affiliation: Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Tomsak
keywords: Ductal carcinoma in situ; Horner syndrome; pupils; vertebrae metastasis