title: Arsenic trioxide is an immune adjuvant in liver cancer treatment.
abstract: Tumor cells are inhibited effectively by As2O3in vitro and in vivo, although the underlying immune regulatory mechanisms remain unknown. Regulatory T cells play a key role in tumor immune escape. In the present study, we aimed to assess the in vivo effects of As2O3on the immune status in hepatic cancer and its in vitro regulatory role in cytokine-induced killers(CIKs)cytotoxicity. In a tumor H22 xenograft model of hepatic cancer, we demonstrated that As2O3treatment decreased tumor volumes and weights, and improved survival by reducing Tregs infiltration into the tumor. Moreover, our data indicated that the exact immune regulatory mechanism of As2O3might involve elevated CD3+T lymphocyte amounts more than reduced Tregs levels. Furthermore, As2O3significantly improved CIKs cytotoxicity in vitro by decreasing CD4+T lymphocytes and Tregs, and increasing CD8+T lymphocytes. Our results suggested that As2O3might act as an immune adjuvant in liver carcinoma treatment by increasing T lymphocytes and decreasing Treg infiltrated into the tumor.
authors.affiliation: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Huai'an Women and Children's Hospital, Huai'an 223002, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Ren
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Huai'an Women and Children's Hospital, Huai'an 223002, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Institute of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China.
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Institute of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Institute of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China.
authors.forename: Yingxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China. Electronic address: pengguizhu@139.com.
authors.forename: Guizhu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China; Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunana, PR China. Electronic address: yeqifawz@126.com.
authors.forename: Qifa
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000276:immunology*; D055612:Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001152:Arsenicals; D010087:Oxides; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide
keywords: Arsenic trioxide; Cytokines-induced killers; Hepatitis cancer; Regulatory T cells; Tumor immune escape