title: Nutraceutical inherent of Spinacia oleracea Linn. methanolic leaf extract ameliorates isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis in male albino Wistar rats via mitigating inflammation.
abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the principal cause of death in both developed and developing countries. The present study was intended to appraise the nutraceutical inherent of HPLC standardized Spinacia oleracea methanolic leaf extract (SoLE) in isoproterenol (ISO) induced male albino Wistar rats via activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathway that drives myocardial necrosis. Biochemical analysis of ISO injected rats showed significant alterations in the activities of homocysteine, paraoxonase, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase and caspase-3 which were further confirmed by the histopathological examination. In addition, it also flaunted a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in ISO administered rats when compared with normal control rats. Pretreatment with SoLE (100, 200, and 300mg/kg bw) along with positive control gallic acid, significantly prevented all the adverse effects in ISO administered rats in a dose dependent manner. These results also reiterated the expected amelioration of myocardial necrosis in ISO induced MI rats conveying anti-atherogenic, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities of SoLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Shivaranjani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vutharadhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Umamaheswari
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jolapuram
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India. Electronic address: lakshmidevisku4@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lakshmi Devi
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kodidhela
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D019610:Cytoprotection; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007545:Isoproterenol; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D009336:Necrosis; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D005707:Gallic Acid; D007545:Isoproterenol; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Anti-apoptotic; Anti-atherogenic; Anti-inflammatory; Histopathology and myocardial necrosis