title: Activity of florfenicol for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida using standardised versus non-standardised methodology.
abstract: Four indices of antimicrobial potency were determined for florfenicol and the pig pneumonia pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), mutant prevention concentration (MPC) and time-kill curves were determined in two matrices, broth and pig serum. Five overlapping sets of two-fold dilutions were used to increase accuracy of the measurements. MIC and MBC serum:broth ratios for A. pleuropneumoniae were 0.96:1 and 1.07:1, respectively, and corresponding values for P. multocida were 0.72:1 and 0.50:1. The percentage binding of florfenicol to serum protein was 65.4%, and fraction unbound (fu) serum MICs were significantly lower, by 2.71-fold and 3.82-fold, respectively, than predicted for free serum concentrations for A. pleuropneumoniae and P. multocida. Similar culture medium differences were obtained for MBC and MPC. MICs in serum and broth were increased significantly and progressively for high, medium and low initial inoculum counts. Serum MPC:MIC ratios for A. pleuropneumoniae and P. multocida were 12.5:1 and 13.6:1, respectively; ratios for broth were similar. The killing action of florfenicol had the characteristics of concentration dependency for both species in both growth media. These data indicate the value of using a biological medium, when determining microbiological potency indices, to predict dosage for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Hawkshead Campus, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts AL97TA, United Kingdom. Electronic address: ldorey@rvc.ac.uk.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dorey
authors.affiliation: Norbrook Laboratories, Newry, Co. Down BT35 6QQ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hobson
authors.affiliation: Hawkshead Campus, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts AL97TA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lees
mesh_terms: D016977:Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D016979:Pasteurella multocida / Q000187:drug effects*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013839:Thiamphenicol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C035534:florfenicol; D013839:Thiamphenicol
keywords: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Florfenicol; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Mutant prevention concentration; Pasteurella multocida