title: Different effect of hypercholesterolemia on mortality in hemodialysis patients based on coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies on the association of total cholesterol (TC) levels and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients demonstrated conflicting results. The differenct effect of Hypercholesterolemia on HD patients based on the presence of myocardial infarction (MI) or coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from the Taiwan Renal Registry Data System (TWRDS) between 2005 and 2012. Patients were divided into MI/CAD or non-MI/CAD group. The primary outcome was three-year mortality. The association between primary outcome and first year average TC and effect of change in cholesterol level between the first and third year of dialysis were explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 90,795 HD patients, 77,762 (85.6%) patients were assigned to non-MI/CAD group and 13,033 (14.4%) to the MI/CAD group. In the non-MI/CAD subjects, both TC > 250 mg/dL and < 150 mg/dL were associated with increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27; 1.17-1.37 and 1.14; 1.11-1.18) compared to the reference (TC: 150-200 mg/dL). In the MI/CAD patients, only TC < 150 mg/dL had increased risk (HR; 95% CI: 1.15; 1.08-1.24). In addition, patients of the non-MI/CAD group with highest level of TC (>250 mg/dL) in both first and third year of dialysis had a 64% increased risk for mortality (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.51-1.80).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this nationwide hemodialysis cohort, hypercholesterolemia was associated with increased mortality in HD patients without MI/CAD. Further investigation on primary prevention of CAD with statin is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. yclin0229@tmu.edu.tw.|Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. yclin0229@tmu.edu.tw.|Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. yclin0229@tmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yen-Chung
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsi-Hsien
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzen-Wen
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiung-Chi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. maiszuwu@gmail.com.|Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. maiszuwu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mai-Szu
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000401:mortality*; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Coronary artery disease; Hemodialysis; Mortality; Myocardial infarction; Total cholesterol