title: Drug Delivery Nanoparticles in Treating Chemoresistant Tumor Cells.
abstract: Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance represents the main obstacle to the successful treatment of cancer patients. Several mechanisms are involved in multidrug resistance: decreased uptake of hydrophilic drugs, increase of energy dependent efflux, alteration of the redox state, alteration of apoptotic pathways, and modification of the tumor microenvironment. In recent years, several types of nanoparticles have been developed to overcome these obstacles and improve the accumulation and release of drugs at the pathological site. In this review, we describe the main mechanisms involved in multidrug resistance and the nanovehicles which have been proposed to target specific aspects of this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Turin. Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Turin. Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daga
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin. Italy.
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin. Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dianzani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Turin. Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pizzimenti
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin. Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Argenziano
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin. Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cavalli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin. Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trotta
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers
keywords: Cancer; chemoresistance mechanisms; daunorubicin; drug delivery; miRNA/siRNA delivery; mitoxantrone; nanoparticles