title: Isolation, genomic characterization, and pathogenicity of a Chinese porcine deltacoronavirus strain CHN-HN-2014.
abstract: Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging swine coronavirus that causes diarrhea in piglets. Since the first outbreak of PDCoV in the United States in 2014, this novel porcine coronavirus has been detected in South Korea, Canada, Mexico, Thailand, and China. In this study, a Chinese PDCoV strain, designated CHN-HN-2014, was isolated from piglets with severe diarrhea on a pig farm in Henan Province, China, and examined with a specific immunofluorescence assay and electron microscopy. Genomic analysis showed that CHN-HN-2014 shares 91.6%-99.4% nucleotide identity with other known PDCoV strains. The pathogenicity of CHN-HN-2014 was further investigated in 5-day-old and 21-day-old piglets. Both kinds of piglets developed clear clinical symptoms, including vomiting, anorexia, lethargy, and severe diarrhea, by 2days postinoculation (DPI), and diarrhea persisted for about 5-6 days. Viral shedding was detected in rectal swabs until 14 DPI in challenged 5-day-old pigs and until 18 DPI in challenged 21-day-old pigs. At necropsy at 4 DPI, macroscopic and microscopic lesions were observed and viral antigen was detected in the small intestines with immunohistochemical staining. These data demonstrate that Chinese PDCoV strain CHN-HN-2014 shares high nucleotide identity with previously reported PDCoV strains and is pathogenic in 5-day-old and 21-day-old piglets.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Liurong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Puxian
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Dang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Huanchun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: vet@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shaobo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D017934:Coronavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D023281:Genomics; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000662:veterinary; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D014774:Virulence; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral
keywords: Chinese strain; Genome characterization; Pathogenicity; Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV)