title: Gene expression signature: a powerful approach for drug discovery in diabetes.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing in prevalence at an alarming rate around the world. Much effort has gone into the discovery and design of antidiabetic drugs; however, those already available are unable to combat the underlying causes of the disease and instead only moderate the symptoms. The reason for this is that T2D is a complex disease, and attempts to target one biological pathway are insufficient to combat the full extent of the disease. Additionally, the underlying pathophysiology of this disease is yet to be fully elucidated making it difficult to design drugs that target the mechanisms involved. Therefore, the approach of designing new drugs aimed at a specific molecular target is not optimal and a more expansive, unbiased approach is required. In this review, we will look at the current state of diabetes treatments and how these target the disease symptoms but are unable to combat the underlying causes. We will also review how the technique of gene expression signatures (GESs) has been used successfully for other complex diseases and how this may be applied as a powerful tool for the discovery of new drugs for T2D.
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Research UnitSchool of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
authors.forename: Smithamol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sithara
authors.affiliation: School of MedicineMMR, Bioinformatics Core Research Facility, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
authors.forename: Tamsyn M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Crowley
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Research UnitSchool of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walder
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Research UnitSchool of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia k.astonmourney@deakin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aston-Mourney
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D055808:Drug Discovery; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
keywords: complex disease; drug discovery; gene expression signature; type 2 diabetes