title: Feasibility and Acceptability of Anal Self-Sampling for Human Papillomavirus Screening in HIV-Infected Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anal cancer incidence is increasing among HIV-positive patients. No consensus currently exists for the screening of anal dysplasia. This study aimed at evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of anal self-sampling and assessing the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types among HIV-positive patients from Marseille University Hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2013 and March 2014, during their regular visits for the monitoring of their HIV infection in an HIV outpatient clinical unit of Marseille University Hospitals, patients were asked to self-sample anal swabs for HPV detection. A specimen self-collection kit was provided. HPV detection and genotyping were performed using in-house protocols. The quality of self-sampling was assessed by concurrent cellular quantification in collected samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The acceptability rate of anal self-sampling was 91%, and 91% of the self-sampled specimens were appropriate for HPV screening. In addition, 76% of the samples were positive for HPV, including 54% of HPV types with oncogenic potential.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that HPV detection and typing through anal self-sampling is a valuable strategy to screen patients at high risk for anal cancer development. This could allow earlier management of anal lesions and related cancer in patients at high risk for HPV.
authors.affiliation: Fondation Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tamalet
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ravaux
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dhiver
authors.forename: Amelie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Menard
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colson
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral