title: Molecular Mechanisms of Apical Periodontitis: Emerging Role of Epigenetic Regulators.
abstract: Conventional root canal therapies yield high success rates. The treatment outcomes are negatively affected by the presence of apical periodontitis (AP), which reflects active root canal infection and inflammatory responses. Also, cross-sectional studies revealed surprisingly high prevalence of AP in the general population, especially in those with prior endodontic treatments. Hence, AP is an ongoing disease entity in endodontics that needs further understanding of the pathogenesis and disease progression. The current Chapter will discuss the basic mechanisms of AP with emphasis on emerging role of epigenetic regulators in regulation of inflammatory mediators.
authors.affiliation: The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, CHS 43-033, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Shebli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehrazarin
authors.affiliation: The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, CHS 43-033, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alshaikh
authors.affiliation: The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, CHS 43-033, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Section of Endodontics, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, CHS 43-007, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: mkang@dentistry.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Mo K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Apical periodontitis; Epigenetics; Gene expression; Histone demethylase; Histone methyltransferase