title: Effect of serum and platelet-rich plasma on human early or advanced degenerative meniscus cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the migratory, proliferating, and extracellular matrix (ECM) forming effect of human serum (HS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on meniscus cells derived from human knees with early or advanced degenerative changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medial menisci from knees with early degenerative changes (n = 5; mean Kellgren score of 1) undergoing arthroscopic meniscal surgery and advanced degenerative changes (n = 5; mean Kellgren score of 4) undergoing total knee replacement were collected. Cell migration and proliferation upon stimulation with HS and PRP were assessed by migration and proliferation assays. Induction of meniscal ECM was evaluated histologically by hematoxylin and eosin, collagen type I, and alcian blue staining and by gene expression analysis of meniscus-related genes in pellets that have been stimulated with 10% HS or 5% PRP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Meniscal cells from knees with early and advanced degenerative changes were significantly attracted by 2.5%-30% PRP or 10% HS. Cell proliferation was significantly increased upon stimulation with 10% HS or 5% PRP. Both cell groups showed the formation of a well-structured, meniscus-like ECM after stimulation with 10% HS, whereas stimulation with 5% PRP led to inhomogeneous, more fibrous ECM. Stimulation with 10% HS showed a significant induction of aggrecan and COMP, while 5% PRP showed no inducing effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only stimulation with HS showed the formation of meniscal ECM as well as cell proliferating and migratory effects on meniscal cells derived from knees with early or advanced degenerative changes. Thus, we suggest that the selected stimulating factor itself and not the status of the knee may primarily affect repair processes. HS may have a potential to augment in meniscal repair procedures.
authors.affiliation: a TransTissue Technologies GmbH , Berlin , Germany.
authors.forename: Undine
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Freymann
authors.affiliation: a TransTissue Technologies GmbH , Berlin , Germany.|b Dipartimento di Oncologia , Laboratorio di Medicina Rigenerativa, Biologia e Genetica , Genova , Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Degrassi
authors.affiliation: a TransTissue Technologies GmbH , Berlin , Germany.
authors.forename: Jan Philipp
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.affiliation: c Clinic for Traumatic Surgery and Orthopedics, Martin-Luther-Hospital , Berlin , Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Metzlaff
authors.affiliation: a TransTissue Technologies GmbH , Berlin , Germany.|d Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endres
authors.affiliation: b Dipartimento di Oncologia , Laboratorio di Medicina Rigenerativa, Biologia e Genetica , Genova , Italy.
authors.forename: Wolf
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008592:Menisci, Tibial / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000378:metabolism*; D044967:Serum / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I
keywords: Cell differentiation; cell migration; cell proliferation; human serum; meniscus repair; platelet-rich plasma