title: Lipid Peroxidation and Altered Antioxidant Profiles with Pediatric HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
abstract: HIV- and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-associated elevations in oxidative stress likely play a role in incomplete immune reconstitution, opportunistic infections and non-AIDS co-morbidities. We aimed to test the hypothesis that children living with HIV exhibit elevated markers of oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant profiles and that HAART-therapy will exacerbate these differences. HIV-positive HAART-naïve (n = 50) and HAART-treated (n = 50) and HIV-negative control (n = 50) participants, 3-15 years of age, were recruited from Black Lion Hospital in Ethiopia. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and bilirubin were higher and vitamin C and zinc were lower in HAART-naïve and HAART-treated compared with HIV-negative subjects and higher in HAART-treated compared with HAART-naïve subjects. Uric acid was higher in HAART-naïve compared with HAART-treated and HIV-negative subjects. Differences in MDA and several antioxidants were also observed across treatment regimens. Thus, children living with HIV exhibited systemic elevations in oxidative stress and reduction in antioxidants, which are exacerbated with HAART therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Yiglet
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mebrat
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Wondwossen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Amogne
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric and Child Health, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Amha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mekasha
authors.affiliation: The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, and The Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Rudolph L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Gleason
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seifu
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008315:Malondialdehyde
keywords: HAART; HIV; antioxidant; non-AIDS co-morbidities.; oxidative stress