title: Differences in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome During Acute Respiratory Tract Infection With Human Rhinovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infancy.
abstract: Respiratory viruses alter the nasopharyngeal microbiome and may be associated with a distinct microbial signature. To test this hypothesis, we compared the nasopharyngeal microbiome of 135 previously healthy infants with acute respiratory infection due to human rhinovirus (HRV; n = 52) or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; n = 83). The nasopharyngeal microbiome was assessed by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA. Respiratory viruses were identified by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. We found significant differences in the overall taxonomic composition and abundance of certain bacterial genera between infants infected with HRV and those infected with RSV. Our results suggest that respiratory tract viral infections are associated with different nasopharyngeal microbial profiles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosas-Salazar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.|Infectious Disease Group.|Infectious Disease Group.
authors.forename: Meghan H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Shilts
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tovchigrechko
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Seth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schobel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology.
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Chappell
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Emma K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Larkin
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jyoti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shankar
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Group.
authors.forename: Shibu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yooseph
authors.affiliation: Genomic Medicine Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California.
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Group.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Halpin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Martin L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Larry J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: R Stokes
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Peebles
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.|Infectious Disease Group.|Infectious Disease Group.
authors.forename: Suman R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Tina V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Hartert
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D064307:Microbiota; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000473:pathology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: children; human rhinovirus; microbiome; nasopharynx; respiratory syncytial virus