title: Piper aduncum against Haemonchus contortus isolates: cross resistance and the research of natural bioactive compounds.
abstract: The anthelminthic activity of the essential oil (EO) of Piper aduncum L. was tested in vitro on eggs and larvae of resistant (Embrapa2010) and susceptible (McMaster) isolates of Haemonchus contortus. The EO was obtained by steam distillation and its components identified by chromatography. EO concentrations of 12.5 to 0.02 mg/mL were used in the egg hatch test (EHT) and concentrations of 3.12 to 0.01 mg/mL in the larval development test (LDT). Inhibition concentrations (IC) were determined by the SAS Probit procedure, and significant differences assessed by ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. In the EHT, the IC50 for the susceptible isolate was 5.72 mg/mL. In the LDT, the IC50 and IC90 were, respectively, 0.10 mg/mL and 0.34 mg/mL for the susceptible isolate, and 0.22 mg/mL and 0.51 mg/mL for the resistant isolate. The EO (dillapiole 76.2%) was highly efficacious on phase L1. Due to the higher ICs obtained for the resistant isolate, it was raised the hypothesis that dillapiole may have a mechanism of action that resembles those of other anthelmintic compounds. We further review and discuss studies, especially those conducted in Brazil, that quantified the major constituents of P. aduncum-derived EO.
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria - CENSA, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
authors.forename: Yousmel Alemán
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Gaínza
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rafaela Regina
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Fantatto
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, Manaus, AM, Brasil.
authors.forename: Francisco Celio Maia
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Humberto Ribeiro
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Bizzo
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Sérgio Novita
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Esteves
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina de Souza
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chagas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000187:drug effects*; D007814:Larva; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D031701:Piper / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D009822:Oils, Volatile