title: Novel reconstruction technique for an isolated plantar calcaneonavicular (SPRING) ligament tear: A 5 case series report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is usually accepted that acquired flatfoot deformity after injury is usually due to partial or complete tear of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT), with secondary failure of the other structures which maintain the medial longitudinal arch, such as the plantar calcaneo-navicular (SPRING) ligament. It is unusual to find an isolated Spring Ligament (SL) tear, with an intact TP tendon.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medial arch reconstruction technique of an isolated SL tear in 5 patients is presented discussed in this paper. In these 5 cases the clinical presentation mimicked PTT dysfunction. The operative regimen consisted of three steps: direct repair of the ligament, primary reconstruction of the SL by using FiberWire®(Arthrex, Inc) and a medial calcaneal osteotomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score improved from 55.8 (range, 34-74) before surgery to 97.6 (range, 91-100) at more than one year follow-up. No recurrence of the flatfoot deformity was observed at 10 years follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SL tear should be suspected in cases of clinical presentation of medial arc collapse even when PTT is intact. In such cases of isolated SL tear reconstruction of the torn ligament using the method described is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedics Department, Meir Medical Center-Kfar Saba Israel, Associated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Electronic address: ezepalm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ezequiel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palmanovich
authors.affiliation: Orthopedics Department, Meir Medical Center-Kfar Saba Israel, Associated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Shay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shabat
authors.affiliation: Orthopedics Department, Meir Medical Center-Kfar Saba Israel, Associated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Yaron S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Brin
authors.affiliation: Orthopedics Department, Meir Medical Center-Kfar Saba Israel, Associated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Sabri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massrawe
authors.affiliation: Orthopedics Department, Meir Medical Center-Kfar Saba Israel, Associated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Iftach
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hestroni
authors.affiliation: Orthopedics Department, Meir Medical Center-Kfar Saba Israel, Associated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Meir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nyska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000601:surgery*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005413:Flatfoot / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010027:Osteotomy; D037081:Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis; D013537:Sutures
keywords: Fiber tape; Ligament reconstruction; Medial arch reconstruction; Spring ligament