title: Use of Alternative Techniques and Grafts in Urethroplasty.
abstract: The current management for complex urethral strictures commonly uses open reconstruction with buccal mucosa urethroplasty. However, there are multiple situations whereby buccal mucosa is inadequate (eg, pan-urethral stricture or prior buccal harvest) or inappropriate for utilization (eg, heavy tobacco use or oral radiation). Multiple options exist for use as alternatives or adjuncts to buccal mucosa in complex urethral strictures. This article reviews the current state of alternate techniques for urethral stricture treatment besides buccal mucosa, including injectable antifibrotic agents, augmentation urethroplasty with skin flaps, lingual mucosa, colonic mucosa, and new developments in tissue engineering for urethral graft material.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, 41 Mall Road, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
authors.forename: Brendan Michael
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Browne
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, 41 Mall Road, Burlington, MA 01805, USA. Electronic address: Alex.J.Vanni@Lahey.org.
authors.forename: Alex J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Vanni
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000637:transplantation*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000601:surgery*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Augmentation urethroplasty; Colonic mucosa graft; Injectable antifibrotic treatment; Lingual mucosa graft; Tissue-engineered graft; Urethral reconstruction; Urethral stricture; Urethroplasty