title: Use, maintenance and dose effects of cognitive speed of processing training in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent research indicated that cognitive speed of processing training (SPT) improved Useful Field of View (UFOV) among individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). The effects of SPT in PD have not been further examined. The objectives of the current study were to investigate use, maintenance and dose effects of SPT among individuals with PD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants who were randomized to SPT or a delayed control group completed the UFOV at a six-month follow-up visit. Use of SPT was monitored across the six-month study period. Regression explored factors affecting SPT use. Mixed effect models were conducted to examine the durability of training gains among those randomized to SPT (n = 44), and training dose effects among the entire sample (n = 87).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of participants chose to continue to use SPT (52%). Those randomized to SPT maintained improvements in UFOV performance. A significant dose effect of SPT was evident such that more hours of training were associated with greater UFOV performance improvements. The cognitive benefits derived from SPT in PD may be maintained for up to three months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future research should determine how long gains endure and explore if such training gains transfer.
authors.affiliation: a School of Aging Studies University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Elise G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Valdés
authors.affiliation: b Department of Human Development and Family Science , North Dakota State University , Fargo , ND , USA.
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.affiliation: c Department of Neurology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA.|d Neurology Service , Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Iowa City , IA , USA.
authors.forename: Ergun Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Uc
authors.affiliation: e Department of Neurology , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.affiliation: a School of Aging Studies University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA.|f International Clinical Research Center , St. Anne's University Hospital , Brno , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andel
authors.affiliation: a School of Aging Studies University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Jerri D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Mixed effect models; cognitive training; non-pharmacological intervention