title: Gene Polymorphisms of Glutathione S-Transferase T1/M1 in Egyptian Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). To evaluate the association of glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GST M1) and glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GST T1) polymorphisms with development of T1DM and disease-related risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurement of fasting glucose, serum creatinine, lipid profile, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), as well as evaluation of GST T1 and M1 genetic polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction were done in 64 diabetic children and 41 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diabetic group had significantly higher fasting glucose, HbA1c, and cholesterol levels. GST T1 null genotype was more frequent in the diabetic than the control group with 4.2-fold increased risk of T1DM (odds ratio=4.2; 95% confidence interval=1.6-11.5; p=0.03). Significant positive associations were found with lipid profile, HbA1c, and duration of illness but not with age, age at onset, and body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gene polymorphisms of the enzyme GST are associated with development of T1DM and disease-related risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Shibin Elkom, Egypt, E-mail: naglaa_b2000@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Naglaa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barseem
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elsamalehy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1
keywords: Glutathione S-transferase T1 and M1; gene polymorphisms type 1 diabetes mellitus.