title: Assessment of luteolin isolated from Eclipta alba leaves in animal models of epilepsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Eclipta alba (Linn) Hassk. (Asteraceae) has been reported to be a nerve tonic and has been used to treat epilepsy in folk medicine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study isolates and characterizes luteolin from E. alba and evaluates its antiepileptic potential in chemically induced acute and chronic models in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The methanol extract (16.85% w/w) of E. alba leaves was subjected to fractionation for isolation of luteolin. In acute pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) model, luteolin (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 30 min prior to PTZ injection (100 mg/kg) in Swiss albino mice. Kindling was induced by chronic administration of PTZ (35 mg/kg) on every alternate day (48 days). Luteolin was investigated on the course of kindling development and oxidative stress markers [reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA)] in kindled mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Single-dose pretreatment with luteolin (10 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.) was found to be effective in an acute PTZ model (100% protection from mortality) and it did not exhibit any effect on motor coordination at the same doses. PTZ-induced kindling was significantly (p < 0.001) prevented by luteolin (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) in a dose-dependent manner. Luteolin restored levels of reduced GSH (p < 0.001) and decreased the level of MDA (p < 0.001), a marker of lipid peroxidation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study demonstrated that luteolin had an anticonvulsant effect in an acute PTZ model. Luteolin exhibited and inhibitory effect on the course of kindling and associated oxidative stress and hence could be a potential molecule in the treatment of epilepsy.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Pharmacology Research Lab-II, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence-Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded) , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Rufi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tambe
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Pharmacology Research Lab-II, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence-Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded) , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Aditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Pharmacology Research Lab-II, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence-Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded) , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Pharmacology Research Lab-II, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence-Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded) , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Jayant
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sancheti
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Pharmacology Research Lab-II, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence-Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded) , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Gauresh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Somani
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Pharmacology Research Lab-II, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence-Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded) , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Sadhana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sathaye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D036601:Eclipta / Q000737:chemistry*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D047311:Luteolin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D045442:Rotarod Performance Test; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D015415:Biomarkers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005978:Glutathione; D047311:Luteolin; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Kindling; antiepileptic; oxidative stress