title: Gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in liver transplants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on magnetic resonance (MR) images were compared in patients who did or did not undergo liver transplantation (LT), and we evaluated the relationship of these findings with overall survival (OS) and time-to-tumour recurrence (TTR) after transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The enhancement pattern of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR images of 25 patients with recurrent HCCs (LT group) and 25 surgically confirmed HCC patients in the non-transplanted (control) group were compared. Typical enhancement was defined as 1) arterial enhancement and delayed wash-out and 2) absence of typical features of cholangiocarcinoma consisting of arterial rim enhancement and target appearance on hepatobiliary phase images. OS and TTR were analyzed in the LT group according to these patterns using the log-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCCs in the LT group significantly more often had an atypical enhancement pattern (16/25, 64.0%) than those in the control group (5/25, 20.0%; p = 0.004). However, OS and TTR did not differ significantly according to these enhancement patterns of recurrent HCC (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although enhancement patterns of recurrent HCC in transplanted liver did not affect OS and TTR, these HCCs that arise after LT frequently revealed atypical enhancement on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Recurrent HCCs after LT showed atypical enhancement on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. •They showed absence of delayed wash-out or cholangiocarinoma-like features. • Enhancement patterns of recurrent HCCs did not affect OS and TTR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.|Department of Radiology, Hanyang University of Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mimi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea. kaienes.kang@samsung.com.
authors.forename: Tae Wook
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Kyoung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Kon
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Man
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Sinn
authors.affiliation: Biostatics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Ji
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biostatics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sin-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver; Liver transplantation; Magnetic resonance imaging; Outcome