title: Association between corpus callosum development on magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging, and neurodevelopmental outcome in neonates born very preterm.
abstract: To characterize corpus callosum development in neonates born very preterm from early in life to term-equivalent age and its relationship with neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months corrected age.
  
  
  
  In a prospective cohort of 193 neonates born preterm, 24 to 32 weeks' gestation, we used magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging acquired early in life (n=193) and at term-equivalent age (n=159) to measure corpus callosum development: mid-sagittal area (including corpus callosum subdivisions) and length, and fractional anisotropy from the genu and splenium. We examined the association of (1) intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and white matter injury (WMI) severity, and (2) neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months corrected age with corpus callosum development.
  
  
  
  Severe WMI and severe IVH were strongly associated with reduced corpus callosum area (both p<0.001) and WMI with lower fractional anisotropy (p=0.002). Mild WMI predicted smaller corpus callosum area only posteriorly; mild IVH predicted smaller area throughout. Adverse motor outcome was associated with smaller corpus callosum size in the posterior subdivision (p=0.003). Abnormal cognitive outcomes were associated with lower corpus callosum fractional anisotropy (p=0.008).
  
  
  
  In newborn infants born very preterm, brain injury is associated with changes in simple metrics of corpus callosum development. In this population, the development of the corpus callosum, as reflected by size and microstructure, is associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months corrected age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Malavolti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.|Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Vann
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Meisan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brown-Lum
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Poskitt
authors.affiliation: BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|Statistics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Rollin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brant
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Synnes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Grunau
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.|Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007223:Infant; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature / Q000502:physiology; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology