title: Negative rumination in social anxiety: A randomised trial investigating the effects of a brief intervention on cognitive processes before, during and after a social situation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  According to cognitive models of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), negative rumination is a key maintaining factor in the vicious cycle of social anxiety. However, there is a scarcity of research investigating treatment effects on rumination in social anxiety, as well as other key cognitive variables. The current study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a brief intervention on a range of cognitive processes, most notably negative rumination. Additionally, predictors of negative rumination and state anxiety are also investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants with a diagnosis of SAD were randomly allocated to an intervention (n = 24) or control group (n = 23). Participant's initially completed trait and state based measures with the intervention group also completing a brief cognitive intervention. One-week later participants completed state anxiety and cognitive measures before and after a speech task. Finally, one-week post-speech task participants completed further trait and state based measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While the brief cognitive intervention had positive effects on some of the cognitive processes measured at different time points of the study, levels of negative rumination remained stable. Predictors of negative rumination and state anxiety were consistent with cognitive models of SAD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The brief nature of the intervention and temporal stance of the intervention (delivered one-week before the speech) may have impacted outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive technique can potentially impact a range of key processes that maintain SAD, however, more powerful and tailored interventions are needed that address the different processes at play before, during and after a social situation for socially anxious individuals.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology Unit, School of Psychology, 88 Mallet St, Building F, MO2F, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modini
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology Unit, School of Psychology, 88 Mallet St, Building F, MO2F, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia. Electronic address: maree.abbott@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: Maree J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Abbott
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D019959:Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D000072861:Phobia, Social / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Post-event rumination; Pre-event rumination; Rumination; Social anxiety; State anxiety