title: Achieving High-Performance Room-Temperature Sodium-Sulfur Batteries With S@Interconnected Mesoporous Carbon Hollow Nanospheres.
abstract: Despite the high theoretical capacity of the sodium-sulfur battery, its application is seriously restrained by the challenges due to its low sulfur electroactivity and accelerated shuttle effect, which lead to low accessible capacity and fast decay. Herein, an elaborate carbon framework, interconnected mesoporous hollow carbon nanospheres, is reported as an effective sulfur host to achieve excellent electrochemical performance. Based on in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, the mechanism of the room temperature Na/S battery is proposed to be reversible reactions between S8and Na2S4, corresponding to a theoretical capacity of 418 mAh g-1. The cell is capable of achieving high capacity retention of ∼88.8% over 200 cycles, and superior rate capability with reversible capacity of ∼390 and 127 mAh g-1at 0.1 and 5 A g-1, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong , Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Yun-Xiao
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1495-270X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong , Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong , Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Shu-Lei
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1155-6082
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Australian Synchrotron , 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
authors.forename: Qin-Fen
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong , Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Hua Kun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Dongyuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong , Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia.
authors.forename: Shi Xue
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Dou