title: New case of lateral asymmetry in fishes: A new subfamily, genus and species of deep water clingfishes from Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean.
abstract: The unusual clingfish Protogobiesox asymmetricus n. gen, n. sp. is described on the basis of four specimens collected in deep water off the north coast of Papua New Guinea in 2012. The species is characterized by its 9-10 dorsal rays, 8 anal rays, 17-24 pectoral-fin rays, 15 principal caudal-fin rays, 3 gills, third arch with 3 gill rakers, 34-35 total vertebrae, with asymmetrical lateral bending starting behind the skull, bent at an angle of 85°-92°; skull asymmetrical in frontal view; skin naked, surface of head and body without striae; disc without adhesive papillae. A new subfamily Protogobiesocinae is described for this species and Lepadicyathus mendeleevi Prokofiev, 2005, which is redescribed. The new subfamily is compared within the family; keys to the subfamilies of Gobiesocidae and the species within the new subfamily are presented; its phylogenetic relationship to other gobiesocids is inferred based on a multi-locus DNA dataset.
authors.affiliation: Im Ramstal 76, 97922 Lauda-Königshofen, Germany. Electronic address: ronfricke@web.de.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fricke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jhen-Nien
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Jen
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D058500:Animal Fins / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D030561:Databases, Nucleic Acid; D005399:Fishes / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification; D007839:Functional Laterality; D005880:Gills / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010219:Papua New Guinea; D010802:Phylogeny; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013131:Spine / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: Clingfishes; Expédition biodiversité PAPUA NIUGINI; Gobiesocidae; Gobiesocidé; Molecular phylogeny; New genus; New species; New subfamily; Nouveau genre; Nouvelle espèce; Nouvelle sous-famille; PAPUA NIUGINI biodiversity expedition; Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée; Papua New Guinea; Phylogénie moléculaire; Porte-écuelles