title: Antibacterial ability and angiogenic activity of Cu-Ti-O nanotube arrays.
abstract: Bacterial infection and loosening of orthopedic implants remain two disastrously postoperative complications. Angiogenesis is critical important to facilitate implant osseointegration in vivo. TiO2nanotubes arrays (NTAs) with proper dimensions possess good osseointegration ability. Accordingly, the present work incorporated copper (Cu) into TiO2NTAs (Cu-Ti-O NTAs) to enhance their antibacterial ability and angiogenesis activity, which was realized through anodizing magnetron-sputtered TiCu coatings with different Cu contents on pure titanium (Ti). Our results show ordered Cu-Ti-O NTAs can be produced under proper Cu content (<15.14%) in TiCu coatings. The NTAs possess excellent long-term antibacterial ability against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which may be ascribed to sustained release of Cu2+. The cytotoxicity of Cu-Ti-O NTAs to endothelial cells (ECs) could be negligible and can even promote cell proliferation as revealed by live/dead staining and MTT. Meanwhile, Cu-Ti-O NTAs can up-regulate nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) secretion of ECs on the sample surfaces compared with that of pure TiO2NTAs (control). Furthermore, the angiogenic activity is also enhanced in ionic extracts of Cu-Ti-O NTAs compared with the control. The excellent long-term antibacterial ability and favorable angiogenic activity render Cu-Ti-O NTAs to be promising implant coatings.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China.
authors.forename: Mingxiang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China.
authors.forename: Yanlian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China.
authors.forename: Xiangyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China. Electronic address: hangruiqiang@tyut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ruiqiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000254:growth & development*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; C009495:titanium dioxide; D003300:Copper; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Anodization; Bacteria; Endothelial cells; TiO(2) nanotubes