title: [Palliativer medicine in surgery].
abstract: The concepts and background of palliative medicine, the patient-health team relationship and the right of the patients to receive palliative care, its application in surgery, the criterion defining the terminally ill, proportionate and disproportionate measures, where it is applied and what this consists of, drugs and procedures used, who should administrate them and for how long, the requirements for advanc directives and avoidance of therapeutic obstinacy, were reviewed. It describes and reflects their ethical and legal bases. It describes the main changes to the law in México in 2009 and 2012. It concludes that palliative medicine is not against scientific and technological progress, but promotes its appropriate use with respect to the will and dignity of the patient. It should be applied by a multidisciplinary team, who accompany the patient throughout the progression of their condition, strengthening the doctor's and health team's relationship with the patients and their families.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo Académico Básico de «Ética aplicada y Bioética», Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México; Academia Mexicana de Cirugía, Ciudad de México, México; Academia Nacional de Medicina, Ciudad de México, México. Electronic address: cesargtzsamp@prodigy.net.mx.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez Samperio
authors.affiliation: NAB, Facultad de Derecho, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruiz Canizales
authors.affiliation: NAB, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arellano Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: NAB, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México.
authors.forename: Hilda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Romero Zepeda
authors.affiliation: NAB, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México.
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: NAB, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México.
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: García Camino
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010166:Palliative Care; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative
keywords: Bioethics; Bioética; Cirugía; Law; Ley; Medicina paliativa; Palliative medicine; Surgery