title: On Priming Action: Conclusions from a Meta-Analysis of the Behavioral Effects of Incidentally-Presented Words.
abstract: This paper presents a summary of the conclusions drawn from a meta-analysis of the behavioral impact of presenting words connected to an action or a goal representation (Weingartenet al., 2016). The average and distribution of 352 effect sizes from 133 studies (84 reports) revealed a small behavioral priming effect (dFE= 0.332,dRE= 0.352), which was robust across methodological procedures and only minimally biased by the publication of positive (vs. negative) results. More valued behavior or goal concepts (e.g., associated with important outcomes or values) were associated with stronger priming effects than were less valued behaviors. In addition, opportunities for goal satisfaction appeared to decrease priming effects.
authors.affiliation: Marketing Department, University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weingarten
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Qijia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Maxwell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McAdams
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Facebook.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hepler
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albarracin
keywords: automaticity; goal; meta-analysis; motivation; priming