title: Metagenomic profiling of gut microbial communities in both wild and artificially reared Bar-headed goose (Anser indicus).
abstract: Bar-headed goose (Anser indicus), a species endemic to Asia, has become one of the most popular species in recent years for rare bird breeding industries in several provinces of China. There has been no information on the gut metagenome configuration in both wild and artificially reared Bar-headed geese, even though the importance of gut microbiome in vertebrate nutrient and energy metabolism, immune homeostasis and reproduction is widely acknowledged. In this study, metagenomic methods have been used to describe the microbial community structure and composition of functional genes associated with both wild and artificially reared Bar-headed goose. Taxonomic analyses revealed that Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the four most abundant phyla in the gut of Bar-headed geese. Bacteroidetes were significantly abundant in the artificially reared group compared to wild group. Through functional profiling, we found that artificially reared Bar-headed geese had higher bacterial gene content related to carbohydrate transport and metabolism, energy metabolism and coenzyme transport, and metabolism. A comprehensive gene catalog of Bar-headed geese metagenome was built, and the metabolism of carbohydrate, amino acid, nucleotide, and energy were found to be the four most abundant categories. These results create a baseline for future Bar-headed goose microbiology research, and make an original contribution to the artificial rearing of this bird.
authors.affiliation: Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.|Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'ning, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'ning, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Sisi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Kirill
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sharshov
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'ning, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'ning, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'ning, China.
authors.forename: Xuelian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'ning, China.
authors.forename: Laixing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Zhixiong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000235:genetics; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000235:genetics*; D005777:Geese / Q000382:microbiology*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D054892:Metagenome / Q000235:genetics*; D056186:Metagenomics / Q000379:methods; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids
keywords: Bar-headed goose; gut microbiome; high-throughput sequencing; metagenomics; taxonomic analysis