title: Organochlorine pesticides in tree bark and human hair in Yunnan Province, China: Concentrations, distributions and exposure pathway.
abstract: The concentrations and distributions of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in West China were investigated and internal and external exposure of humans to OCPs were assessed by analyzing samples of human hair and tree bark collected in Kaiyuan, in Yunnan Province, China. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (collectively called DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were the dominant OCPs in the human hair and tree bark samples. The mean total DDT, total HCH, and HCB concentrations in the tree bark samples were 298pg/g dry weight (dw), 100pg/g dw, and 183pg/g dw, respectively, and the mean total DDT, total HCH, and HCB concentrations in the hair samples were 2850pg/g dw, 348pg/g dw, and 1026pg/g dw, respectively. The results indicated that relatively new DDT and lindane inputs have occurred in the study area. DDT and lindane may have been released in products that are used locally. The HCB in the environment in the study area is mainly supplied by long-range atmospheric transport. External exposure was found to be the main factor controlling the p,p'-DDT, γ-HCH, and HCB concentrations in human hair, whereas p,p'-DDE and β-HCH were found to be mainly controlled by internal exposure.
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Haodong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Beijing 100081, China. Electronic address: junjin3799@126.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Qiuxu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; State Information Center, National Development and Reform Commission, Beijing 100045, China.
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003634:DDT / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene / Q000032:analysis; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D003634:DDT
keywords: Bark analysis; Exposure pathway; Hair analysis; OCPs; POPs