title: Bufalin Inhibits hTERT Expression and Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth by Targeting CPSF4.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bufalin can induce apoptosis in certain human cancer cell lines, but bufalin has not yet been thoroughly evaluated in colorectal cancer cells. Cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4 (CPSF4) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) play important roles in colorectal cancer growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles and interactions of bufalin, CPSF4 and hTERT and the effects of bufalin in human colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated LoVo and SW620 cells with bufalin to investigate the effect of bufalin on proliferation, apoptosis and migration. We verified the relationship between CPSF4 and hTERT using pulldown assays, luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bufalin inhibited the proliferation and migration of and induced apoptosis in LoVo and SW620 cells. We identified CPSF4 as an hTERT promoter-binding protein in colorectal cancer cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study identified bufalin as a potential small molecule inhibitor for cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital &amp; Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
authors.forename: Ningning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yunpeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Yidi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Wendan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Jiaojiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xinrui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wuguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002018:Bufanolides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D039223:Cleavage And Polyadenylation Specificity Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002018:Bufanolides; D039223:Cleavage And Polyadenylation Specificity Factor; C509186:TERT protein, human; D019098:Telomerase; C022777:bufalin