title: Effects of Insecticides on Oviposition and Host Discrimination Behavior in Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae).
abstract: Trichogramma chilonis Ishii is an important natural enemy of many lepidopterous pests on various crops. Effects of two conventional insecticides on oviposition and host discrimination behavior in T. chilonis were evaluated in the laboratory through video tracking. During the oviposition period, when the number of host eggs was limited (only one host egg), females exposed to beta-cypermethrin LC1or LC20exhibited significantly higher feeding and re-drilling rate and significantly longer post-oviposition duration than control females. Spinosad LC20treatment not only decreased the wasp oviposition rate but also significantly extended the oviposition duration. When the number of host eggs was six, similarly, females exposed to spinosad LC20exhibited a significantly lower oviposition rate (79.2%) than control ones (100%). In the host discrimination experiment, females exposed to LC20of both tested insecticides (beta-cypermethrin and spinosad) spent significantly more time on the extra-patch area. The females that survived spinosad LC20could not discriminate between unparasitized and parasitized host eggs. Our study suggests that even the LC1and LC20of the tested insecticides had negative effects on the oviposition and host discrimination behavior of T. chilonis Thus, the use of these two insecticides should be carefully evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, China (wds830706@163.com; yrhe@scau.edu.cn; 511843643@qq.com) yrhe@scau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Desen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510640, China (lhlu@gdppri.com).
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, China (wds830706@163.com; yrhe@scau.edu.cn; 511843643@qq.com) yrhe@scau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yurong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, China (wds830706@163.com; yrhe@scau.edu.cn; 511843643@qq.com).
authors.forename: Qingxing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, China (fjguohong@163.com).
authors.forename: Guohong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D000072777:Host-Seeking Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D018942:Macrolides; D010058:Oviposition / Q000187:drug effects*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014863:Wasps / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017160:cypermethrin; C415329:spinosad
keywords: behavioral trait; beta-cypermethrin; egg parasitoid; spinosad; sublethal effect