title: The Protective Effects of Polysaccharides from Agaricus blazei Murill Against Cadmium-Induced Oxidant Stress and Inflammatory Damage in Chicken Livers.
abstract: This study aimed to assess the protective roles of polysaccharides from Agaricus blazei Murill (ABP) against cadmium (Cd)-induced damage in chicken livers. A total of 80 Hy-Line laying chickens (7 days old) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20). Group I (control) was fed with a basic diet and 0.2 ml saline per day, group II (Cd-treated group) was fed with a basic diet containing 140 mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and 0.2 ml saline per day, group III (Cd + ABP-treated group) was fed with a basic diet containing 140 mg/kg CdCl2and 0.2-ml ABP solution (30 mg/ml) per day via oral gavage, and group IV (ABP-treated group) was fed with 0.2-ml ABP solution (30 mg/ml) per day via oral gavage. The contents of Cd and malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of inflammatory cytokines and heat shock proteins (HSPs), the protein levels of HSPs, and the histopathological changes of livers were evaluated on days 20, 40, and 60. The results showed that Cd exposure resulted in Cd accumulating in livers and inhibiting the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH-PX). Cd exposure caused histopathological damage and increased the MDA content, the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and HSPs (HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90) and the protein levels of HSPs (HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90). ABP supplementation during dietary exposure to Cd reduced the histopathological damage and decreased the contents of Cd and MDA and the expression of inflammatory cytokines and HSPs and improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The results indicated that ABP could partly ameliorate the toxic effects of Cd on chicken livers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
authors.forename: Xuequan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
authors.forename: Ruili
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China. 2376489797@qq.com.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D000364:Agaricus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; D002104:Cadmium; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase