title: Incidence and progression to cirrhosis of new hepatitis C virus infections in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) seroconversion and the risk of severe fibrosis/cirrhosis in HCV seroconverters among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed data on 4059 persons with HIV enrolled in a cohort study in Italy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidence rate of seroconversion was 0.6/100 person-years overall, and drug users and men-who-have-sex-with-men were at highest risk. The cumulative risk of progression to severe fibrosis/cirrhosis was 30% by 10 years after seroconversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New HCV infections have a rapidly progressive course in this population. Persons with HIV and HCV superinfection should be prioritized for treatment with anti-HCV direct-acting antivirals.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Niguarda Cà Granda Hospital, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puoti
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department and Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lorenzini
authors.affiliation: Hampstead Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cozzi-Lepri
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gori
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases "La Sapienza" Rome University Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mastroianni
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rizzardini
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Genoa, San Martino Hospital, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzarello
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department and Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antinori
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milano, Milano Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: d'Arminio Monforte
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department and Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy. Electronic address: enrico.girardi@inmi.it.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Girardi
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D060085:Coinfection; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012306:Risk
keywords: Cirrhosis; Cohort study; Hepatitis C virus; Human immunodeficiency virus; Incidence