title: Nanogel-based scaffolds fabricated for bone regeneration with mesoporous bioactive glass and strontium: In vitro and in vivo characterization.
abstract: The delivery of novel bioactive scaffolds for the repair of bone defects remains a prominent challenge worldwide. Currently osteoporosis, a disease caused by low bone mineral density affects over 200 million people worldwide with up to half of this population experiencing at least one fracture within their lifetime. Recently temperature-sensitive p(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl methylacrylate) nanogel (PIB nanogel) scaffolds have emerged as biomaterial candidate for regenerative therapies. It has the advantage of being injected from syringes as a soluble gel form (capable of delivering growth and/or living progenitor cells) yet hardens once it reaches body temperatures. Although this material demonstrates optimal clinical delivery of scaffolds, its main drawback is its low osteoconductivity and bioactivity. Recently we have demonstrated that mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) loaded with strontium was able to regenerate osteoporotic defects in vivo and enhance osteoblast differentiation in vitro. The aim of this study was to combine the advantages of these two therapies and prepare PIB-nanogel scaffolds containing Sr-MBG and investigate their ability to regenerate femur defects created in ovarectamized rats. The results demonstrate that groups containing Sr-MBG within the nanogel formulation had significantly higher new bone formation when compared with other modalities. We further demonstrate that although nanogel demonstrated poor osteogenic ability, the addition of osteoblasts worked synergistically with Sr-MBG particles to enhance the regeneration of the created femur defects in osteoporotic animals. In conclusion, PIB nanogel scaffolds are a viable treatment modality for bone tissue engineering and may serve as a carrier-scaffold for osteogenic cells and/or bioactive scaffolds such as Sr-MBG. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1175-1183, 2017.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.|Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.|Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lingfei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Miron
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanbing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.|Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D013324:Strontium / Q000737:chemistry*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D013324:Strontium
keywords: mesoporous bioactive glass; nanogel; osteoinductive; osteoporosis; strontium