title: A perspective of chronic low exposure of arsenic on non-working women: Risk of hypertension.
abstract: The relationship between arsenic (As) exposure and hypertension risk are extensively studied. The As content in scalp hair has been used as a reliable indicator of population for long-time exposure from different sources. Therefore, we investigated the association between hair As concentration and hypertension risk, as well as the potential modifying effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to phase II metabolism enzyme genes. We recruited 398 non-working women in Shanxi Province, northern China, from Aug 2012 to May 2013, including 163 subjects with hypertension (cases) and 235 healthy controls. Scalp hair and blood samples were collected from each subject. We analyzed the As concentrations of ~24-cm-long strands of hair representing the two most recent years of growth and SNPs of three genes (epoxide hydrolase 1, N-acetyltransferase 2, and glutathione S-transferase P1) in each subject. The results revealed that the hair As concentration of this population was significantly lower than in populations living near high As polluted sources in China and other countries. The median As concentration (inter-quartile range) of hair in the cases (i.e. 0.211 [0.114-0.395] μg/g hair) was higher than in the controls (i.e. 0.101 [0.048-0.227] μg/g hair). Higher hair As concentrations were associated with an elevated hypertension risk, with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.55 [95% confidence interval: 1.55-4.20]. No interaction effects between hair As concentration and SNPs related to phase II metabolism enzymes on hypertension risk were observed. It was concluded that chronic low exposure level of As might be associated with hypertension risk among the study subjects.
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
authors.forename: Yunhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Child, Adolescent and Women's Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingxu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Yibing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China. Electronic address: binwangpku@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China. Electronic address: lizw@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhiwen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001151:Arsenic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C478900:NAT2 protein, human; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Arsenic; Hair; Hypertension; Non-working women; Phase II metabolism; Single nucleotide polymorphism