title: Expression and production of cardiac angiogenic mediators depend on the Trypanosoma cruzi-genetic population in experimental C57BL/6 mice infection.
abstract: Mammalian cardiac cells are important targets to the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. The inflammatory reaction in the host aims at eliminating this parasite, can lead to cell destruction, fibrosis and hypoxia. Local hypoxia is well-defined stimulus to the production of angiogenesis mediators. Assuming that different genetic T. cruzi populations induce distinct inflammation and disease patterns, the current study aims to investigate whether the production of inflammatory and angiogenic mediators is a parasite strain-dependent condition. C57BL/6 mice were infected with the Y and Colombian strains of T. cruzi and euthanized at the 12th and 32nd days, respectively. The blood and heart tissue were processed in immune assays and/or qPCR (TNF, IL-17, IL-10, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCR2, CCR5 and angiogenic factors VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2) and in histological assays. The T. cruzi increased the inflammatory and angiogenic mediators in the infected mice when they were compared to non-infected animals. However, the Colombian strain has led to higher (i) leukocyte infiltration, (ii) cardiac TNF and CCL5 production/expression, (iii) cardiac tissue parasitism, and to higher (iv) ratio between heart/body weights. On the other hand, the Colombian strain has caused lower production and expression VEGF, Ang-1 and Ang-2, when it was compared to the Y strain of the parasite. The present study highlights that the T. cruzi-genetic population defines the pattern of angiogenic/inflammatory mediators in the heart tissue, and that it may contribute to the magnitude of the cardiac pathogenesis. Besides, such assumption opens windows to the understanding of the angiogenic mediator's role in association with the experimental T. cruzi infection.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Deena
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bijay
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bajracharya
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paula-Costa
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Beatriz C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Luísa J
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula J
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora Ms
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laser Am
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biomas Tropicais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: talvani@nupeb.ufop.br.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talvani
mesh_terms: D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002598:Chagas Cardiomyopathy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005838:Genotype; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D010641:Phenotype; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D042501:Angiogenic Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Angiogenic factors, chemokines; Inflammation; Trypanosoma cruzi; VEGF