title: Strategy for Extending the Stability of Bio-oil-Derived Phenolic Oligomers by Mild Hydrotreatment with Ionic-Liquid-Stabilized Nanoparticles.
abstract: The development of catalytic transformations and processes is essential to utilize bio-oil and lignin derivatives. Metal nanoparticles (M-NPs) stabilized in ionic liquids (ILs) are promising for the catalytic hydrotreatment of bio-oil because the properties of the catalyst system can be customized by combining the appropriate IL and metal nanoparticles. Herein, we demonstrate an experimental approach to stabilize lignin-derived phenolics isolated from bio-oil with ruthenium NPs stabilized by an ionic copolymer in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2C1Im][OAc]). The mild hydrotreatment of phenolic oligomers (POs) was performed with the synthesized M-NP catalyst at 100 °C for 6 h. Hydrotreatment of the POs resulted in enhanced thermal stability of the POs by as much as a factor of three, as determined by the aging index and by reducing reactive functionalities, which was also confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and GC analysis. The results support our hypothesis that M-NPs stabilized in ILs can effectively stabilize POs under mild conditions, which could be applicable to any lignin-derived phenolic.
authors.affiliation: Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.|Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kwang Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Bioeconomy Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Bioeconomy Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Tannon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Daugaard
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Tivol
authors.affiliation: Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.|Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.affiliation: Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.|Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Blake
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.affiliation: Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.|Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010578:Petroleum; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D010578:Petroleum; D010636:Phenols; D012428:Ruthenium; D008031:Lignin; C518739:1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
keywords: hydrotreatment; ionic liquids; nanoparticles; oligomers; pyrolysis