title: A comparison between evacuation from the scene and interhospital transportation using a helicopter for subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the changes in the vital signs and the final outcomes subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients who were evacuated from the scene using the doctor-helicopter (Dr. Heli) service and those who only underwent interhospital transportation using the doctor-helicopter Dr. Heli service to investigate safety of this system.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively investigated all of the patients with non-traumatic SAH who were transported by a Dr. Heli between January 2010 and March 2016. The subjects were divided into two groups: the Scene group included subjects who were evacuated from the scene by a Dr. Heli, while the Interhospital group included subjects who were transported by a ground ambulance to a nearby medical facility and then transported by a Dr. Heli to a single tertiary center.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The systolic blood pressure, ratio of cardiac arrest, and Fisher classification values of the patients in the Scene group were significantly greater than those in the Interhospital group. The Glasgow Coma Scale in the Scene group was significantly lower than that in the Interhospital group. After excluding the patients with cardiac arrest, the Glasgow Coma Scale scores of the patients in the two groups did not differ to a statistically significant extent during, before or after transportation. There were no significant differences in Glasgow Outcome Scores or the survival ratio of the two groups, even when cardiac arrest patients were included.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indirectly suggests the safety of using a Dr. Heli to evacuate SAH patients from the scene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouhei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuto
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jitsuiki
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohsaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan. Electronic address: yyanaga@juntendo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Youichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017732:Air Ambulances; D000552:Ambulances; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010360:Patient Transfer; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014187:Transportation of Patients
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D009529:Nicardipine
keywords: Doctor-helicopter; Scene; Subarachnoid hemorrhage