title: Psychophysical correspondence between vibrotactile intensity and intracortical microstimulation for tactile neuroprostheses in rats.
abstract: Recent studies showed that intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) generates artificial sensations which can be utilized as somatosensory feedback in cortical neuroprostheses. To mimic the natural psychophysical response, ICMS parameters are modulated according to psychometric equivalence functions (PEFs). PEFs match the intensity levels of ICMS and mechanical stimuli, which elicit equal detection probabilities, but they typically do not include the frequency as a control variable. We aimed to establish frequency-dependent PEFs for vibrotactile stimulation of the glabrous skin and ICMS in the primary somatosensory cortex of awake freely behaving rats.
  
  
  
  We collected psychometric data for vibrotactile and ICMS detection at three stimulation frequencies (40, 60 and 80 Hz). The psychometric data were fitted with a model equation of two independent variables (stimulus intensity and frequency) and four subject-dependent parameters. For each rat, we constructed a separate PEF which was used to estimate the ICMS current amplitude for a given displacement amplitude and frequency. The ICMS frequency was set equal to the vibrotactile frequency. We validated the PEFs in a modified task which included randomly selected probe trials presented either with a vibrotactile or an ICMS stimulus, and also at frequencies and intensity levels not tested before.
  
  
  
  The PEFs were generally successful in estimating the ICMS current intensities (no significant differences between vibrotactile and ICMS trials in Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests). Specifically, hit rates from both trial conditions were significantly correlated in 86% of the cases, and 52% of all data had perfect match in linear regression.
  
  
  
  The psychometric correspondence model presented in this study was constructed based on surface functions which define psychophysical detection probability as a function of stimulus intensity and frequency. Therefore, it may be used for the real-time modulation of the frequency and intensity of ICMS pulses in somatosensory neuroprostheses.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul 34684, Turkey. Biomedical Engineering Department, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ 59030, Turkey.
authors.forename: İsmail
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Devecioğlu
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Güçlü
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D011601:Psychophysics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000502:physiology*; D013003:Somatosensory Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology*