title: The many faces of hematopoietic stem cell heterogeneity.
abstract: Not all hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are alike. They differ in their physical characteristics such as cell cycle status and cell surface marker phenotype, they respond to different extrinsic signals, and they have different lineage outputs following transplantation. The growing body of evidence that supports heterogeneity within HSCs, which constitute the most robust cell fraction at the foundation of the adult hematopoietic system, is currently of great interest and raises questions as to why HSC subtypes exist, how they are generated and whether HSC heterogeneity affects leukemogenesis or treatment options. This Review provides a developmental overview of HSC subtypes during embryonic, fetal and adult stages of hematopoiesis and discusses the possible origins and consequences of HSC heterogeneity.
authors.affiliation: University of Edinburgh, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK.
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6159-8200
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crisan
authors.affiliation: University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK elaine.dzierzak@ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8256-5635
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dzierzak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000502:physiology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000502:physiology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D055153:Stem Cell Niche
keywords: HSC; Hematopoiesis; Hematopoietic niche; Hematopoietic stem cells; Heterogeneity