title: Measuring the patient experience in primary care: Comparing e-mail and waiting room survey delivery in a family health team.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the characteristics and responses of patients completing a patient experience survey accessed online after e-mail notification or delivered in the waiting room using tablet computers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional comparison of 2 methods of delivering a patient experience survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  A large family health team in Toronto, Ont.
  
  
  METHODS
  Family practice patients aged 18 or older who completed an e-mail survey between January and June 2014 (N = 587) or who completed the survey in the waiting room in July and August 2014 (N = 592).
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of respondent demographic characteristics and responses to questions related to access and patient-centredness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients responding to the e-mail survey were more likely to live in higher-income neighbourhoods (P = .0002), be between the ages of 35 and 64 (P = .0147), and be female (P = .0434) compared with those responding to the waiting room survey; there were no significant differences related to self-rated health. The differences in neighbourhood income were noted despite minimal differences between patients with and without e-mail addresses included in their medical records. There were few differences in responses to the survey questions between the 2 survey methods and any differences were explained by the underlying differences in patient demographic characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that respondent demographic characteristics might differ depending on the method of survey delivery, and these differences might affect survey responses. Methods of delivering patient experience surveys that require electronic literacy might underrepresent patients living in low-income neighbourhoods. Practices should consider evaluating for nonresponse bias and adjusting for patient demographic characteristics when interpreting survey results. Further research is needed to understand how primary care practices can optimize electronic survey delivery methods to survey a representative sample of patients.
authors.affiliation: Senior Research Associate in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at St Michael's Hospital in Toronto, Ont.
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.affiliation: Family physician at St Michael's Hospital and Assistant Professor and Clinician Investigator in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the University of Toronto, Associate Scientist with the Centre for Research on Inner City Health at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, and Adjunct Scientist at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences. tara.kiran@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kiran
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D034742:Electronic Mail; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009864:Ontario; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010824:Physicians' Offices; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D055815:Young Adult