title: Evaluation of Osseointegration in Implants using Digital Orthopantomogram and Cone Beam Computed Tomography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accurate assessment of osseointegration in dental implants requires precise radiographic visualization of pathologic conditions as well as anatomical structures. The present study aimed to evaluate the formation of bony tissue (osseointegration) using digital orthopantomogram (OPG) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) immediately after implant insertion (within 7 days) and 3 months postinsertion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty single-implant sites on mandi-bular posterior regions were selected on patients irrespective of their gender. Both digital OPG and CBCT were done within a week and again after 3 months of implant insertion surgery, using the same exposure parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three of the 20 implants were submerged and were excluded as the crestal bone height could not be measured. The participants were recalled for radiographic measurements after 3 months of implant placement. On an average, there was 0.03 mm of osseointegration at the apical portion after 3 months of implant insertion on digital OPG; 0.04 mm of osseointegration at the crestal bone height after 3 months on digital OPG; and 0.01 mm of osseointegration at the apical portion after 3 months on CBCT. No change or ≤0.02 mm of osseointegration at crestal bone height after 3 months on CBCT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both digital OPG and CBCT are significant for the assessment of osseointegration in implants, and hence, endow definite benefit for accurate assessment in terms of the success of the implant placement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  However, CBCT is a better mode of evaluating dental implants but one should keep in mind that radiographic examination must be conducted to the benefit of the patient by application of the lowest achievable dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India, Phone: +919871353448, e-mail: aasthachopra1988@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aastha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chopra
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Amit A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mhapuskar
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marathe
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Shams U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Nisa
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Shameeka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thopte
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saddiwal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: Cone beam computed tomography; Digital orthop-antomogram; Implants Osseointegration.