title: [Prevalence and Associated Factors of Mental Disorders in Colombian Child Population, the 2015 National Mental Health Survey].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The 2015 National Mental Health Survey aimed to expand our knowledge about the real mental state of children in Colombia, taking into account the fact that most mental disorders in adults begin during childhood or adolescence. It is essential to have an improved knowledge of the magnitude of this issue and to design timely interventions that reduce long term complications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the disorders in the last 12 months and 30 days according to the DSM-IV, as well as to collect data about social and demographic variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  The structured Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-P), which provides DSM-IV diagnoses, was applied to carers of non-institutionalised children between 7 and 11 years old. The disorders evaluated included: major depressive disorder, dysthymia, generalised anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in its three kinds (mixed, inattentive, and hyperactive), oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder. The instrumentation was computer-assisted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalences of the disorders are present both in the last 30 days and in the last 12 months. In general, there is a prevalence of any of the disorders of 3% (95% CI, 2.2-4.0) in the last 30 days, and 4.7% (95% CI, 3.6-6.2) in the last 12 months. When evaluated individually, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the most frequent disorder, with a prevalence of 2.3% and 3.0% in the last 30 days and the last 12 months, respectively. In addition, the disorders that are known to frequently begin during childhood are the most common disorders in the age group studied, with a prevalence of 2.5% in the last 30 days and 3.2% in the last year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 2015 National Mental Health Survey provides precise information about the real mental situation in children between the ages of 7 and 11 years in Colombia, compared with past epidemiological studies in the country, which were restricted to specific populations. By improving the reliability on knowledge about mental disorders in children, it will be possible to design more appropriate and precise strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Electronic address: cgomez_restrepo@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gómez-Restrepo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aulí
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tamayo Martínez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Fabián
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garzón
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Germán
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casas
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D065886:Neurodevelopmental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Adolescent; Adolescentes; Child; Child psychiatry; Mental disorders; Mental health; Niños; Psiquiatría infantil; Salud mental; Trastornos mentales