title: Household water insecurity is associated with a range of negative consequences among pregnant Kenyan women of mixed HIV status.
abstract: Water insecurity (WI) is a serious and worsening problem worldwide, but its role in health outcomes among people living with HIV or pregnant women is unknown. We assessed experiences of WI in a cohort of 323 pregnant Kenyan women of mixed HIV status. The majority (77.7%) had at least one experience of WI in the previous month; it was associated with negative economic, nutrition, disease, and psychosocial outcomes. A standardized cross-culturally valid household WI scale would facilitate assessment of the prevalence and consequences of WI, and increased attention to WI could reveal an overlooked, but modifiable, cause of adverse HIV outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Natalie R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Krumdieck
authors.affiliation: Program in International Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA and Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA E-mail: sera.young@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Shalean M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Microbiology Research, Mbagathi Road, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wekesa
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Microbiology Research, Mbagathi Road, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mbullo
authors.affiliation: Program in International Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA and Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA E-mail: sera.young@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Godfred O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Boateng
authors.affiliation: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Microbiology Research, Mbagathi Road, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Maricianah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onono
authors.affiliation: Program in International Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA and Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA E-mail: sera.young@cornell.edu; Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
authors.forename: Sera L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis*; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014881:Water Supply; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water