title: The Most Common Detected Bacteria in Sputum of Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Treated In Hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infective pulmonary disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To show the most common detected bacteria in bacterial culture of sputum in patients with CAP hospitalized in Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases and TB "Podhrastovi" in four-year period: from 2012 to 2015.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is the retrospective analysis. Each patient gave sputum 3 days in a row when admitted to hospital. Sputum has been examined: bacterial culture with antibiotics sensitivity, Gram stain, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; in cases with high temperature blood cultures were done; when we were suspicious about bronchial carcinoma bronchoscopy with BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage) was done. We show analyzed patients according to age, sex, whether they had pneumonia or bronchopneumonia, bacteria isolated in sputum and in BAL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  360 patients with CAP were treated in four-year period (247 males and 113 females). 167 or 43, 39 % had pneumonia (119 males and 48 females). Number of males was significantly bigger (χ2= 30,186; p<0,001). 193 or 53, 61 % had bronchopneumonia (128 males and 65 females). Number of males was significantly bigger (χ2= 20,556; p<0,001). Number of patients with negative bacterial culture of sputum (131-78, 44%) was significantly bigger than number of patients with positive culture (36-21, 56%) (χ2= 50,042; p<0,001) in pneumonia. Number of patients with negative bacterial culture of sputum (154- 79, 79%) was significantly bigger than number of patients with positive culture (39- 20, 21%) (χ2= 68,523; p<0,001) in bronchopneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae was significantly most common detected bacterium compared with the number of other isolated bacteria; in pneumonia (χ2=33,222; p<0,001) and in bronchopneumonia (χ2=51,231; p<0,001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is very important to detect the bacterial cause of CAP to administrate the targeted antibiotic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases and TB "Podhrastovi", Clinical Center of Sarajevo University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cukic
authors.affiliation: Department for Pulmonary Diseases, Cantonal hospital Zenica, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hadzic
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000382:microbiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: CAP; bacterial sputum culture