title: COPB2 Is Upregulated in Prostate Cancer and Regulates PC-3 Cell Proliferation, Cell Cycle, and Apoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transport of membranes and proteins in eukaryotic cells is mediated by vesicular carriers. Coatomer complex I (COPI)-coated vesicles are involved in the transport between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi complex. Several studies indicated that some subunits of COPI were correlated with the cell proliferation of malignant tumors. The present study focused on the function of coatomer protein complex subunit β 2 (COPB2), one of seven proteins in COPI, in prostate cancer (PCa).
  
  
  METHODS
  COPB2 gene expression was first analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 15 paired PCa and carcinoma adjacent normal tissue from patients. To investigate the role of COPB2 in PCa, we used lentivirus-mediated small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knockdown COPB2 expression in human PCa cell line PC-3 and assessed it by RT-qPCR. Cellomics ArrayScan VTI imaging and colony formation were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation. Cell cycle phase arrest and apoptosis were assayed by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  COPB2 gene was upregulated in the PCa tissue. Cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in COPB2-silenced PC-3 cells using both Cellomics ArrayScan VTI imaging and colony formation assays. S-phase cell counts were significantly decreased; G1- and G2-phase cell counts were significantly increased in COPB2-siRNA group than the control group. Apoptosis was significantly increased in COPB2-siRNA cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  COPB2 significantly promoted PC-3 cell proliferation and colony formation through the cell cycle and apoptosis pathway. Moreover, COPB2 showed a clinical correlation and may serve as a biomarker for the detection for PCa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Emergency Department, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Menglei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Lifeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Chuanyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Bingbing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Huashan North Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Yingfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Huashan North Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: xiaguoweihuashan@sina.com.
authors.forename: Guowei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China. Electronic address: zhulijiemeta@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Lijie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002453:Cell Cycle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D020756:Coatomer Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C000619331:COPB2 protein, human; D020756:Coatomer Protein; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: COPB2; Immunohistochemistry; Lentivirus; Proliferation; Prostate cancer