title: Fatty acid dietary intake in the general French population: are the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) national recommendations met?
abstract: Quantity and quality of fatty acids (FA) in diet influence CVD risk. Consequently, health authorities promote recommended dietary intakes for FA, looking for optimal intakes in a primary prevention of CVD perspective. In parallel, a few data are available detailing intakes in national populations. The objective of the present study was to perform a large analysis combining the data of the French National Survey INCA 2 on food consumption performed in 2006 and 2007, and the nutritional content of food consumed in France updated in 2013 by the French Information Centre on Food Quality, to explore in details the FA intakes in French adults using the most recent available data. To compare the discrepancies in the observed intake levels with the French recommended levels, a weighted fat adherence score was built combining intakes of the different FA. Individual scores were computed in relation to official recommendations, and potential explanatory factors were identified. These data show that SFA intakes are persistently higher than national recommendations, combined with low intakes of MUFA and PUFA, particularly long-chain n-3 FA. Only 14·6 % of the French population met DHA intake recommendation, 7·8 % for EPA and 21·6 % for SFA. This situation remains unfavourable in terms of primary prevention of CVD. Consuming fish and other sources of n-3 FA, living in the south of France, being female, having a higher education level, and low alcohol consumption were associated with a healthier fat adherence score.
authors.affiliation: 1UMR MIA-Paris,AgroParisTech,INRA,Université Paris-Saclay,75005 Paris,France.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tressou
authors.affiliation: 2Fédération d'endocrinologie,Hôpital Louis Pradel GHE,Université Lyon 1,UMR INSERM CARMEN 1060,Lyon,France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8344-7814
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moulin
authors.affiliation: 3Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie,CHU de Dijon,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté,INSERM LNC UMR866,21000 Dijon,France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vergès
authors.affiliation: 4Terres Univia,75008 Paris,France.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Guillou
authors.affiliation: 4Terres Univia,75008 Paris,France.
authors.forename: Noémie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: 5Phasme,75006 Paris,France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pasteau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D000072001:Diet, Healthy / Q000208:ethnology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004522:Educational Status; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D005504:Food Analysis; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019083:Mediterranean Region / Q000453:epidemiology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000208:ethnology; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids
keywords:  ALA 
                    α-linolenic acid;  ANSES French Agency for Food;  EIEA energy intake excluding alcohol;  Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety;  FA fatty acid;  LA linoleic acid;  RDI recommended dietary intake; Cardiovascular prevention; Fat adherence score; Fatty acid intakes; Recommended dietary intakes