title: Optimization and validation of a method using UHPLC-fluorescence for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cold-pressed vegetable oils.
abstract: Among the different food categories, the oils and fats are important sources of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a group of organic chemical contaminants. The use of a validated method is essential to obtain reliable analytical results since the legislation establishes maximum limits in different foods. The objective of this study was to optimize and validate a method for the quantification of four PAHs [benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene] in vegetable oils. The samples were submitted to liquid-liquid extraction, followed by solid-phase extraction, and analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimized conditions, the validation parameters were evaluated according to the INMETRO Guidelines: linearity (r2 >0.99), selectivity (no matrix interference), limits of detection (0.08-0.30μgkg-1) and quantification (0.25-1.00μgkg-1), recovery (80.13-100.04%), repeatability and intermediate precision (<10% RSD). The method was found to be adequate for routine analysis of PAHs in the vegetable oils evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo - USP, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, CEP 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: simone.alves.silva@usp.br.
authors.forename: Simone Alves da
authors.initials: SAD
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo - USP, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, CEP 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: genirs@usp.br.
authors.forename: Geni Rodrigues
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo - USP, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, CEP 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: eatorres@usp.br.
authors.forename: Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva
authors.initials: EAFDS
authors.lastname: Torres
mesh_terms: D000873:Anthracenes / Q000032:analysis; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002911:Chrysenes / Q000032:analysis; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000032:analysis; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000032:analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D002911:Chrysenes; D005449:Fluorenes; D010938:Plant Oils; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; C031180:chrysene; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D004126:Dimethylformamide; C034020:anthracene; C006703:benzo(b)fluoranthene
keywords: Benzo(a)anthracene (PubChem CID: 5954); Benzo(a)pyrene (PubChem CID: 2336); Benzo(b)fluoranthene (PubChem CID: 9153); Chrysene (PubChem CID: 9171); Cold-pressed vegetable oils; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); Solid-phase extraction (SPE); Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC); Validation