title: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in non-promyelocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML): results of combination of ATRA with low-dose Ara-C in three elderly patients withNPM1-mutated AML unfit for intensive chemotherapy and review of the literature.
abstract: Based upon the clinical behavior of three patients, we suggest that the combination of low-dose Ara-C and all-trans retinoic acid may potentially be effective in some elderly patients, unfit for intensive chemotherapy, affected withNPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia withoutFLT3mutations, warranting perspective clinical studies in these selected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forghieri
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bigliardi
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quadrelli
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morselli
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Potenza
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Ambra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paolini
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Colaci
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barozzi
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zucchini
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riva
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vallerini
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lagreca
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marasca
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Narni
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology University Tor Vergata Rome Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Venditti
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology CREO (Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologico) Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, S. Andrea delle Fratte University of Perugia Perugia Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Paola
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Martelli
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology CREO (Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologico) Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, S. Andrea delle Fratte University of Perugia Perugia Italy.
authors.forename: Brunangelo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Falini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University Tor Vergata Rome Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lo Coco
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology University Tor Vergata Rome Italy.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amadori
authors.affiliation: Department Medical and Surgical Sciences Section of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luppi
keywords: All‐trans retinoic acid; NPM1‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia; elderly patients; low‐dose Ara‐C; unfitness for intensive chemotherapy