title: Host Cell Nuclear Localization of Shigella flexneri Effector OspF Is Facilitated by SUMOylation.
abstract: WhenShigellainfect host cells, various effecter molecules are delivered into the cytoplasm of the host cell through the type III secretion system (TTSS) to facilitate their invasion process and control the host immune responses. Among these effectors, theS. flexnerieffector OspF dephosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinases and translocates itself to the nucleus, thus preventing histone H3 modification to regulate expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Despite the critical role of OspF, the mechanism by which it localizes in the nucleus has remained to be elucidated. In the present study, we identified a potential small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) modification site within OspF and we demonstrated thatShigellaTTSS effector OspF is conjugated with SUMO in the host cell and this modification mediates the nuclear translocation of OspF. Our results show a bacterial virulence factor can exploit host post-translational machinery to execute its intracellular trafficking.
authors.affiliation: Celltrion, Incheon 22014, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyungmin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol-Heui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D012763:Shigella flexneri / Q000502:physiology*; D058207:Sumoylation
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D008239:Lysine
keywords: OspF; SUMO; Shigella flexneri; effector; nucelar localization