title: Study of IL4-590C/T and IL6-174G/C Gene Polymorphisms in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease in North Indian Population.
abstract: To explore the associations between potential functional promoter polymorphisms in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory (IL-4(-590C/T) and IL-6(-174G/C) cytokine genes, and kidney dysfunction in North Indian type 2 diabetic subjects with chronic kidney disease. A total of 150 subjects aged 25-75 year were included in this study. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and serum creatinine were estimated. PCR was performed to analyse genotype distribution in IL-4 (-590T/C) and IL-6 (-174G/C) among healthy, type 2 diabetic patients with or without CKD. The genotype distributions were determined by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. CKD patients showed lower GFR (59.36 ± 1.33 ml/min/1.73 m2) and higher serum creatinine (1.93 ± 0.99% mg) level in comparison to diabetic patients without CKD and healthy subjects. Genotypic distribution of the different genotypes among the study groups in IL-4 gene was genotype CC = 30, TC = 12, and TT = 8 in CKD patients. In type 2 diabetic patients without CKD, genotype distribution was CC = 38, TC = 10, and TT = 2. In healthy subjects, distribution of genotype was CC = 35, TC = 14, and TT = 1. The distribution of different genotype among the study groups for IL-6 gene was GG = 27, GC = 20, and CC = 3 in healthy subjects; GG = 28, GC = 19, and CC = 3 in diabetic patients without CKD and GG = 38, GC = 11, and CC = 1 in diabetic patients with CKD. There was no significant difference in the distribution of genotype frequencies between healthy subjects and diabetic patients without CKD but a significant difference was found in diabetic patients with CKD. The functional promoter polymorphisms IL4-590C/T and IL6-174G/C, which affect the IL-4 and IL-6 levels in north Indian subjects, were associated with kidney dysfunction and CKD. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1803-1809, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
authors.forename: Km
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Neelofar
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8161-807X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, 500032, India.
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
authors.forename: Khursheed
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D015847:Interleukin-4; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: CKD; GENE POLYMORPHISM; IL-4; IL-6; TYPE 2 DIABETES