title: HIV-1 Epidemiology, Genetic Diversity, and Primary Drug Resistance in the Tyumen Oblast, Russia.
abstract: Introduction. Specific molecular epidemic features of HIV infection in Tyumen Oblast (TO), Russia, were studied.Methods. The genome sequences encoding HIV-1 protease-reverse transcriptase, integrase, and major envelope protein were examined for 72 HIV-1 specimens isolated from the TO resident infected in 2000-2015.Results. The recorded prevalence of HIV-1 subtype A (A1) is 93.1%; HIV-1 subtype B continues to circulate in MSM risk group (1.4%). Solitary instances of HIV-1 recombinant forms, CRF63_02A1 (1.4%) and CRF03_AB (1.4%), were detected as well as two cases of HIV-1 URF63_A1 (2.8%). Phylogenetic analysis showed no HIV-1 clustering according to the duration of infection and risk groups but revealed different epidemic networks confirming that HIV infection spread within local epidemic foci. A high incidence of CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 variants and a higher rate of secondary mutations influencing the virus fitness (K20R, L10V, and I) are observed among the virus specimens isolated from newly infected individuals.Conclusions. The current HIV-1 epidemic in TO develops within the local epidemic networks. Similar to the previous period, HIV-1 subtype A is predominant in TO with sporadic cases of importation of HIV-1 recombinant forms circulating in adjacent areas.
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast 630559, Russia.
authors.forename: Natalya M
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0891-0880
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Gashnikova
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast 630559, Russia.
authors.forename: Ekaterina M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Astakhova
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast 630559, Russia.
authors.forename: Mariya P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gashnikova
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast 630559, Russia.
authors.forename: Evgeniy F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Bocharov
authors.affiliation: Tyumen Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Ul. Novaya 2, Tyumen, Russia.
authors.forename: Svetlana V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Petrova
authors.affiliation: Tyumen Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Ul. Novaya 2, Tyumen, Russia.
authors.forename: Olga A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Pun'ko
authors.affiliation: Tyumen Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Ul. Novaya 2, Tyumen, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Popkov
authors.affiliation: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast 630559, Russia.
authors.forename: Aleksey V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Totmenin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D012800:Siberia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents