title: Two New Species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) From Flores, Indonesia.
abstract: Two new species, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sunapii and S. (G.) rangatense, are described based on adults, pupae, and mature larvae from Flores, in the eastern part of the Sunda Archipelago, Indonesia. Simulium (G.) sunapii sp. nov. is placed in the S. asakoae species-group, representing the easternmost geographical record for the group in this archipelago. It is characterized by a small number of male upper-eye large facets in eight or nine vertical columns and 12 horizontal rows. Simulium (G.) rangatense sp. nov. is placed in the S. ceylonicum species-group and is characterized by the pupal gill with six filaments. This new species, together with two related species of the S. ceylonicum species-group in Flores, suggests the species radiation of this species-group might have been accompanied by a reduction of the number of pupal gill filaments from eight to four through six. Taxonomic notes are provided to distinguish these two new species from related species.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia (takaoka@oita-u.ac.jp; sofian@um.edu.my; chen_ctbr@um.edu.my; holy2mercury@yahoo.com; mrasul87@gmail.com; xuehy_perdana@yahoo.com; shikin84@um.edu.my).
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takaoka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia (takaoka@oita-u.ac.jp; sofian@um.edu.my; chen_ctbr@um.edu.my; holy2mercury@yahoo.com; mrasul87@gmail.com; xuehy_perdana@yahoo.com; shikin84@um.edu.my).
authors.forename: Mohd
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sofian-Azirun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia (takaoka@oita-u.ac.jp; sofian@um.edu.my; chen_ctbr@um.edu.my; holy2mercury@yahoo.com; mrasul87@gmail.com; xuehy_perdana@yahoo.com; shikin84@um.edu.my).
authors.forename: Chee Dhang
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia (takaoka@oita-u.ac.jp; sofian@um.edu.my; chen_ctbr@um.edu.my; holy2mercury@yahoo.com; mrasul87@gmail.com; xuehy_perdana@yahoo.com; shikin84@um.edu.my).
authors.forename: Koon Weng
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia (takaoka@oita-u.ac.jp; sofian@um.edu.my; chen_ctbr@um.edu.my; holy2mercury@yahoo.com; mrasul87@gmail.com; xuehy_perdana@yahoo.com; shikin84@um.edu.my).
authors.forename: Muhammad Rasul Abdullah
authors.initials: MRA
authors.lastname: Halim
authors.affiliation: Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia (lucaslow24@gmail.com).
authors.forename: Van Lun
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Low
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia (takaoka@oita-u.ac.jp; sofian@um.edu.my; chen_ctbr@um.edu.my; holy2mercury@yahoo.com; mrasul87@gmail.com; xuehy_perdana@yahoo.com; shikin84@um.edu.my).
authors.forename: Zubaidah
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ya'cob
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia (takaoka@oita-u.ac.jp; sofian@um.edu.my; chen_ctbr@um.edu.my; holy2mercury@yahoo.com; mrasul87@gmail.com; xuehy_perdana@yahoo.com; shikin84@um.edu.my).
authors.forename: Nurul Ashikin
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Mataram (UNRAM), Mataram 83125, Indonesia (wynsuana@unram.ac.id).
authors.forename: I Wayan
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Suana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007214:Indonesia; D007814:Larva / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D011679:Pupa / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development; D012843:Simuliidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development
keywords: Flores; Indonesia; black fly; new species