title: Influence of tooth bleaching on dental enamel microhardness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: Several studies have investigated the effect of bleaching on dental tissues. The evaluation of the effect of home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide is important for assessing alterations in enamel microhardness that may affect dental health in terms of resistance to masticatory forces. This meta-analysis was performed in order to determine scientific evidence regarding the effects of home vital bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel on the microhardness of human dental enamel. A systematic electronic literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases using search terms. Two independent researchers evaluated the information and methodological quality of the studies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established for article selection; further, only studies published in English were selected. Thirteen studies that met all of the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and underwent statistical analysis. The results of this meta-analysis showed no significant changes in enamel microhardness when using the 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel over periods of 7, 14 and 21 days.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zanolla
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Abc
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coutinho
mesh_terms: D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry*; D003747:Dental Enamel Solubility / Q000187:drug effects*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D010545:Peroxides; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D010545:Peroxides; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea
keywords: Bleaching enamel microhardness; bleaching home; carbamide peroxide; enamel microhardness; tooth bleaching