title: Continuous Intraoperative Monitoring of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery.
abstract: The monitoring of interictal epileptiform discharge rates (IEDRs) all along anterior temporal lobe resections (ATLRs) has never been reported. Here the effect of ATLR on continuous IEDR monitoring is described.
  
  
  
  IEDRs computed automatically during entire interventions were recorded in 34 patients (38.2%, 13/34 depth; 61.8%, 21/34 scalp electrodes only). Monitorings were invalidated when burst suppression occurred or if initial IEDRs were <5.
  
  
  
  Monitoring was successful for 69.2% (9/13) of the patients with depth recordings and for 4.8% (1/21) of the patients with scalp recordings. Burst suppressions precluded it in 30.8% (4/13) of the depth and in 57.1% (12/21) of the scalp recordings. Initial IEDRs were <5 for 38.1% (8/21) of the scalp recordings. Significant IEDR decreases were observed in 8/10 patients with successful monitoring. These decreases started with resection of the superior temporal gyrus. IEDRs decreased further with amygdalohippocampectomy in 3/5 patients. At the 12-month follow-up, all patients with IEDR decreases remained seizure free; both patients without did not.
  
  
  
  IEDR monitoring was possible with depth, but not with scalp electrodes. IEDR decreases started with resection of the superior temporal gyrus. A larger patient cohort is necessary to confirm the high predictive values of IEDR monitoring that could become a tool for surgery customization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tyrand
authors.forename: Shahan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Momjian
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pollo
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lysakowski
authors.forename: Agustina M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lascano
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vulliémoz
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schaller
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boëx
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D064795:Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult