title: Morphological differences between optic disc collaterals and neovascularization on optical coherence tomography angiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To study morphological features of optic disc venous collaterals (OVCs) and neovascularization of optic disc (NVD) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with OVCs and NVDs secondary to ischemic retinal diseases were prospectively enrolled. Multimodal imaging was performed using color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography (FA), and OCTA. Morphological evaluation of en-face structural OCT, cross-sectional and en-face OCTA was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty eyes (20 patients; OVCs: n = 10 and NVD: n = 10) were included. OVCs appeared as small, loopy vessels distinct from surrounding peripapillary capillaries on OCTA in the radial peripapillary capillary frame. NVDs appeared as a mesh of fine caliber, raised vessels best seen in the vitreous slab of OCTA. Flow signals in these vascular alterations correlated well with hyperfluorescence on FA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OCTA provides improved visualization of NVDs and OVCs in ischemic retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusions compared to conventional FA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Aniruddha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Sarakshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Samendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karkhur
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Ramandeep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Reema
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Mangat R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Dogra
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India. vishalisara@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Vishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology*; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000098:blood supply*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology*; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000473:pathology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Collaterals; Diabetes; Diabetic retinopathy; Fundus fluorescein angiography; Neovascularization of disc; Optic nerve; Optical coherence tomography angiography; Retinal vascular disease