title: Evaluation of Beeswax Influence on Physical Properties of Lipstick Using Instrumental and Sensory Methods.
abstract: The aim of this study was to optimize the lipsticks formulation according to the physical properties and sensory attributes and investigate the relationship between instrumental and sensory analyses and evaluate the influence of the main ingredients, beeswax and oil, with analysis of lipsticks properties. Central composite design was used to optimize the mixture of oils and beeswax and cocoa butter for formulation of lipsticks. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging method spectrophotometrically. Physical properties of lipsticks melting point were determined in a glass tube; the hardness was investigated with texture analyzer. Sensory analysis was performed with untrained volunteers. The optimized mixture of sea buckthorn oil and grapeseed oil mixture ratio 13.96 : 6.18 showed the highest antioxidative activity (70 ± 0.84%) and was chosen for lipstick formulation. According to the sensory and instrumental analysis results, optimal ingredients amounts for the lipstick were calculated: 57.67% mixture of oils, 19.58% beeswax, and 22.75% cocoa butter. Experimentally designed and optimized lipstick formulation had good physical properties and high scored sensory evaluation. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between sensory and instrumental evaluations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Giedre
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kasparaviciene
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Arunas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Savickas
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Zenona
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kalveniene
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Saule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Velziene
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Loreta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kubiliene
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Jurga
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0801-0305
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bernatoniene