title: A systematic review of serious games in asthma education.
abstract: Serious games may be useful tools for asthma education. The objectives of this systematic review were to identify the available articles on serious games designed to educate patients and the general public about asthma and to assess their impact on patient's knowledge, behavior, and clinical outcomes related to asthma.
  
  
  
  PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsychInfo, and Web of Science were systematically searched from January 1980 to December 2015 for studies investigating serious games in asthma education. Two investigators independently assessed studies against inclusion criteria and rated those included on indicators of quality. Investigators extracted data on serious games' content and learning objectives, and on outcomes following Kirkpatrick classification.
  
  
  
  A total of 12 articles were found to be relevant, describing a total of 10 serious games. All serious games were directed toward children, with eight games for children with asthma and two for school-based intervention. The average Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument score was 13.9 of 18, which is high. Most of the serious games were associated with high rates of satisfaction and improvement in children's knowledge. Seven studies evaluated the impact of serious games on clinical outcomes and found no significant difference relative to control groups.
  
  
  
  Although serious games designed for asthma education have evolved with advances in technology, results of their evaluation remained similar across studies, with clear improvements in knowledge but little or no change in behaviors and clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Ilumens Simulation Department, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.|Pediatric pulmonology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7324-4992
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.affiliation: Ilumens Simulation Department, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monnier
authors.affiliation: Ilumens Simulation Department, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.|Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tesnière
authors.affiliation: Ilumens Simulation Department, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.|Pediatric pulmonology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hadchouel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D018910:Video Games
keywords: asthma; health education; patient education; pediatrics; video game