title: Polyethylenimine-functionalized silver nanoparticle-based co-delivery of paclitaxel to induce HepG2 cell apoptosis.
abstract: Hepatocarcinoma is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths around the world. Recently, a novel emerging nanosystem as anticancer therapeutic agents with intrinsic therapeutic properties has been widely used in various medical applications. In this study, surface decoration of functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by polyethylenimine (PEI) and paclitaxel (PTX) was synthesized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ag@ PEI@PTX on cytotoxic and anticancer mechanism on HepG2 cells. The transmission electron microscope image and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that Ag@PEI@PTX had satisfactory size distribution and high stability and selectivity between cancer and normal cells. Ag@PEI@PTX-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis was confirmed by accumulation of the sub-G1 cells population, translocation of phosphatidylserine, depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Furthermore, Ag@PEI@PTX enhanced cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells and triggered intracellular reactive oxygen species; the signaling pathways of AKT, p53, and MAPK were activated to advance cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the results reveal that Ag@ PEI@PTX may provide useful information on Ag@PEI@PTX-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis and as appropriate candidate for chemotherapy of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University.
authors.forename: Yinghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University.
authors.forename: Zhengfang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University.
authors.forename: Mingqi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University.
authors.forename: Misi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University.
authors.forename: Changbing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University.
authors.forename: Tiantian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tianfeng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012834:Silver; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D053148:Caspase 3; D017239:Paclitaxel
keywords: apoptosis; paclitaxel; polyethylenimine; reactive oxygen species; silver nanoparticles