title: Influences of proton pump inhibitor on Helicobacter pylori adherence to the gastrointestinal cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Helicobacter pylori is a carcinogenic bacterium that could induce P-glycoprotein expression in the human gastrointestinal tract. Bacterial adherence to the gastrointestinal cell lines could be influenced by the level of P-glycoprotein. This study aimed to determine the influence of proton pump inhibitors that exhibit an inhibitory effect on P-glycoprotein in gastrointestinal carcinoma cell lines, namely Caco-2 and LS174T, in relation to H. pylori adherence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Caco-2 and LS174T cells lines treated with omeprazole and esomeprazole were used in this study to assess the bacterial attachment of H. pylori within certain incubation periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of proton pump inhibitors increased the H. pylori adherence in a time-dependent manner in both Caco-2 and LS174T cell lines. The double inhibition of P-glycoprotein using proton pump inhibitor and P-glycoprotein inhibitor caused low P-glycoprotein expression in the cell lines, resulting in higher H. pylori adherence compared to the control cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proton pump inhibitors may alter P-glycoprotein expression in the gastrointestinal tract, and subsequently H. pylori adherence on the cell lines, and may contribute to resistance to drug therapy.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. marhanis@ukm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Marhanis Salihah
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.forename: Noor Safwah
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Damanhuri
authors.forename: Endang
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kumolosasi
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D064098:Esomeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D009853:Omeprazole; D064098:Esomeprazole; D012293:Rifampin