title: Estimation of salivary sialic acid in oral premalignancy and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oral cancer is the most life-threatening disease of oral tissues. In societies where the incidence of oral cancer is high, clinically recognizable premalignant lesions are particularly common. Diagnosing oral cancers at an early stage is critical in improving the survival rate and reducing the morbidity associated with the disease. Alterations in the sialic acid levels in cancer patients have stimulated interest in this sugar residue as a possible tumor marker.
  
  
  METHODS
  The purpose of this study was to estimate the salivary sialic acid levels in patients with oral premalignancy and squamous cell carcinoma and to correlate it with their grades to develop a cost-effective and noninvasive diagnostic parameter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from the groups under study and subjected to biochemical analysis for determination of sialic acid levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  The salivary sialic acid levels were correlated with the clinical stage and histological grade by one-way ANOVA (SPSS software version 15).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Salivary sialic acid was elevated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) compared to oral premalignancy and control group. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the grades of squamous cell carcinoma, grades of dysplasia in premalignancy, and sialic acid level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evaluation of salivary sialic acid levels in premalignant and malignant lesions can serve as a screening tool. The mortality and morbidity of OSCC can be reduced if the lesions are diagnosed in early precancerous states using such noninvasive diagnostic methods for screening and monitoring of the population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV'S KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Vishakha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaudhari
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV'S KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Pradeep
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV'S KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Nilima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV'S KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Aarti M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mahajan
keywords: Leukoplakia; oral squamous cell carcinoma; saliva; sialic acid