title: Decline of the performance of a portable axial-flow fan due to the friction and duct bending loss of a connected flexible duct.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In a job site, a portable fan is often used to ventilate a confined space. When a portable fan is applied to such a space, the actual ventilation flow rate must be accurately estimated in advance because the safety level of contaminant and oxygen concentrations in the space will determine the ventilation requirements. When a portable fan is used with a flexible duct, the actual flow rate of the fan decreases due to the friction and duct bending loss of the duct. Intending to show the decline of a fan performance, the author conducted laboratory experiments and reported the quantitative effect of the friction and duct bending loss of a flexible duct to the flow rate of a portable fan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four commercial portable fans of different specifications were procured for the experiments, and the decline of the performance of each portable fan due to the friction loss etc. of a connected flexible duct was investigated by measuring actual flow rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The flow rate showed an obvious decrease from the rated flow rate when a flexible duct was connected. Connection of a straight polyester flexible duct and a straight aluminum flexible duct reduced the flow rates to 81.2 - 52.9% and less than 50%, respectively. The flow rate decreased with an increase of the bend angle of the flexible duct.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is recommended that flow rate check of a portable fan should be diligently carried out in every job site.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ojima
mesh_terms: D000392:Air Movements; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D017276:Friction; D006801:Humans; D014691:Ventilation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*