title: [3D anatomy of cerebellar peduncles based on fibre microdissection and a demonstration with tractography].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform an anatomical and radiological study, using fibre microdissection and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), to demonstrate the three-dimensionality of the superior, middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 15 brain-stem, 15 cerebellar hemispheres, and 5 brain hemispheres were dissected in the laboratory under the operating microscope with microsurgical instruments between July 2014 and July 2015. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was obtained from 15 healthy subjects between July and December of 2015, using diffusion-weighted images, in order to reproduce the cerebellar peduncles on DTT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main bundles of the cerebellar peduncles were demonstrated and delineated along most of their trajectory in the cerebellum and brain-stem, noticing their overall anatomical relationship to one another and with other white matter tracts and the grey matter nuclei the surround them, with their corresponding representations on DTT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The arrangement, architecture, and general topography of the cerebellar peduncles were able to be distinguished using the fibre microdissection technique. This knowledge has given a unique and profound anatomical perspective, supporting the correct representation and interpretation of DTT images. This information should be incorporated in the clinical scenario in order to assist surgeons in the detailed and critical analysis of lesions that may be located near these main bundles in the cerebellum and/or brain-stem, and therefore, improve the surgical planning and achieve a safer and more precise microsurgical technique.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España; Cátedra de Neurociencias - Fundación NISA-CEU, Valencia, España. Electronic address: rurodriguez@hospital-ribera.com.
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Mena
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España; Cátedra de Neurociencias - Fundación NISA-CEU, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piquer-Belloch
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España; Cátedra de Neurociencias - Fundación NISA-CEU, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Llácer-Ortega
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España; Cátedra de Neurociencias - Fundación NISA-CEU, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riesgo-Suárez
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España; Cátedra de Neurociencias - Fundación NISA-CEU, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rovira-Lillo
mesh_terms: D001933:Brain Stem / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D054022:Cerebrum / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D042282:Microdissection; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009445:Neuroanatomy / Q000266:history; D009928:Organ Specificity; D012016:Reference Values
keywords: Cerebellum; Cerebelo; Fibre microdissection technique; Inferior cerebellar peduncle; Middle cerebellar peduncle; Pedúnculo cerebeloso inferior; Pedúnculo cerebeloso medio; Pedúnculo cerebeloso superior; Superior cerebellar peduncle; Tractografía; Tractography; Técnica de microdisección de fibras