title: A Novel Centrifugation Method Using a Cell Salvage Device Offers an Alternative to the Use of Leukocyte-Depleting Filters for Autologous Blood Transfusions.
abstract: Autotransfusion protocols often use the use of costly filters, such as leukocyte-depleting filters (LDFs), to minimize reinfusion of activated leukocytes and inflammatory mediators associated with reperfusion injury (RI). LDFs are used extensively in hospital settings; however, they represent an additional capital expenditure for hospitals, as well as a constraint on the reinfusion rate of blood products for health-care providers. We compared a commonly used LDF to a novel centrifugation method employing a widely used cell salvage device. Complete blood counts and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) measuring tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) were performed to compare the efficacy of these methodologies. The LDF removed, on average, 94% of all leukocytes, including 96% of neutrophils. The centrifugation method removed, on average, 89% of all leukocytes, including 91% of neutrophils and resulted in a highly concentrated red blood cell product. Our results suggest both methods offer equivalent leukocyte reduction. TNF-α was also comparably reduced following our novel centrifugation method and the LDF method and IL-2 levels were undetectable in all samples. These results indicate our novel centrifugation method may preclude the need for a LDF during select autotransfusion applications.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, Midwestern University College of Health Sciences, Glendale, Arizona.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barchilon
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Science Program, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaspar
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, Midwestern University College of Health Sciences, Glendale, Arizona.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mexas
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Science Program, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona.
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nieter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002498:Centrifugation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D047589:Leukocyte Reduction Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D057725:Operative Blood Salvage / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: blood transfusion; cardiopulmonary bypass; inflammatory mediators (e.g, cytokines); leukocyte-depleting filter; leukocytes