title: A specific spectral signature of serum and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles for cancer screening.
abstract: In cancer, extracellular vesicles (EV) contribute to tumor progression by regulating local and systemic effects. Being released into body fluids, EV may be used in nanomedicine as a valuable source for diagnostic biomarkers. In this work, infrared and Raman spectroscopy were used for comprehensive comparative analysis of cancer versus non-cancer EV and patient screening. Two different EV fractions enriched in exosomes and microvesicles were isolated by differential centrifugation from serum and plasma of cancer and non-cancer patients and from serum and plasma of a healthy donor. The EV fractions were then subjected to drop-coating deposition and drying on calcium fluoride substrates. Reduction of alpha-helix-rich proteins and enhancement of beta-sheet-rich proteins as a cancer-specific blood EV signature was determined, and subsequently this feature was applied for a pilot study aiming to detect prostate cancer in a test cohort of patients with high-grade prostate carcinoma and benign hypoplasia.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany. Electronic address: christoph.krafft@leibniz-ipht.de.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krafft
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Center for Surgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eremin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sigrun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nestel
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nikolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: von Bubnoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Center for Surgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schultze-Seemann
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Popp
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: irina.nazarenko@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nazarenko
mesh_terms: D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; Infrared spectroscopy; Minimal- and non-invasive diagnostics; Nanomedicine; Raman spectroscopy