title: New approaches in human health risk assessment.
abstract: Studies on the precise impact of environmental pollutants on human health are difficult to undertake and interpret, because many genetic and environmental factors influence health at the same time and to varying degrees. Our chapter in the AMAP report was based on new approaches to describe risks and future needs. In this paper, we will introduce the issues associated with risk assessment of single chemicals, and present suggestions for future studies as well as a summary of lessons learned during the health-related parts of the European Union-funded FP7 project ArcRisk (Arctic Health Risks: Impacts on health in the Arctic and Europe owing to climate-induced changes in contaminant cycling, 2009-2014; www.arcrisk.eu).
authors.affiliation: Centre for Arctic Medicine, Thule Institute, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Pesticides, Menoufia University, Egypt; khaled.m.abass@gmail.com; khaled.megahed@oulu.fi.
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abass
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carlsen
authors.affiliation: Centre for Arctic Medicine, Thule Institute, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Arja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rautio
mesh_terms: D001110:Arctic Regions; D057231:Climate Change; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004782:Environmental Health / Q000592:standards*; D018876:Environmental Illness / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005062:European Union; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000009:adverse effects; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009930:Organic Chemicals
keywords: ArcRisk; In vitro mechanistic studies; Toxicokinetic modelling; environmental pollutants; exposure limit