title: Intensive Care Admissions for Children With Enterovirus and Human Parechovirus Infections in the United Kingdom and The Republic of Ireland, 2010-2014.
abstract: Enteroviruses and human parechoviruses usually cause mild, self-limiting illnesses in children but can occasionally cause severe disease. During 2010-2014, 104 children in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland were admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit with severe enterovirus and human parechovirus infection; 40% had neurologic symptoms, 20% respiratory failure, 16% cardiac complications and 11% septic shock. Annual number of cases and incidence increased in the 5-year period, from 0.6/1000 pediatric intensive care unit admissions (12 cases) in 2010 to 1.8/1000 (36 cases) in 2014. Most cases (n = 86, 83%) were younger than 1 year; 77% (n = 80) required invasive ventilation, 40% (n = 42) inotropic support, 4% (n = 4) renal dialysis and 3% (n = 3) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Eight children (8%) died, including 4 with cardiac complications.
authors.affiliation: From the *Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, St. George's University of London, and †Public Health England, London, United Kingdom; and ‡Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Braccio
authors.forename: Melpo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kapetanstrataki
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharland
authors.forename: Shamez N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Ladhani
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004770:Enterovirus; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D030061:Parechovirus; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology