title: Fe3O4 nanoparticles and cryoablation enhance ice crystal formation to improve the efficiency of killing breast cancer cells.
abstract: The key problem of cryoablation is that only freezing is often unable to kill the capillaries at tumor edges, leading to a high rate of recurrence. Here, we found that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were highly useful to improve the freezing capability of cryosurgery due to their ability to alter intracellular ice formation (IIF) and growth in tumor cells. The killing efficiency of cryoablation for MCF-7 breast cancer cells can be expected to be enhanced as the Fe3O4 nanoparticles concentration increased, it was mainly because that more IIF was induced by the participation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles during freezing, recrystallization and thawing. Furthermore, our results also showed that recrystallization contributed to the formation of extracellular embryonic crystals, which was capable of enhancing the efficiency of killing MCF-7 cells. This research is to develop an understanding of the mechanism of the cryoablation enhancing the killing efficiency in the presence of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and to promote their further application in tumor therapy.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
authors.forename: Weijie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Dejun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yuexia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Hanbing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
authors.forename: Zhaohua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Huili
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China.|Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 830000, China.
authors.forename: Xianming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.|State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Peifeng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006801:Humans; D007053:Ice; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D007053:Ice; C000499:ferric oxide
keywords: breast cancer; cryoablation; killing efficiency; nanoparticles; recrystallization