title: IL-1β/IL-6/CRP and IL-18/ferritin: Distinct Inflammatory Programs in Infections.
abstract: The host inflammatory response against infections is characterized by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins, driving both innate and adaptive arms of the immune response. Distinct patterns of circulating cytokines and acute-phase responses have proven indispensable for guiding the diagnosis and management of infectious diseases. This review discusses the profiles of acute-phase proteins and circulating cytokines encountered in viral and bacterial infections. We also propose a model in which the inflammatory response to viral (IL-18/ferritin) and bacterial (IL-6/CRP) infections presents with specific plasma patterns of immune biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3800-3138
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Slaats
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jaap
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ten Oever
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frank L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: van de Veerdonk
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mihai G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Netea
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D005293:Ferritins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020382:Interleukin-18; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D005293:Ferritins