title: Long-term outcome of robotic partial nephrectomy for renal angiomyolipoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the long-term result and efficacy of robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) for renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) with perioperative outcome and renal function preservation.
  
  
  METHODS
  From September 2006 to October 2014, the database of a single medical center was reviewed and patients who underwent RPN for AMLs were enrolled. The patient demographics, perioperative complications, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 23 patients who were treated with RPN for renal AMLs. The average age was 52.7 (± 9.9) years, and 20 (87%) patients were female. The median size of the resected AML was 5.2 [interquartile range (IQR)=3.1-6.8] cm. The median estimated blood loss was 100 (IQR=50-225) mL, and three (13%) patients required blood transfusion. Perioperative complications occurred in six (26%) patients and none of them are higher than Clavien Grade II. The median estimated glomerular filtration rate at 3-month and the latest follow-ups were 103 (IQR=85.5-112) mL/min/1.73m2and 104 (IQR=90-112) mL/min/1.73m2, respectively, with a median of 89.6% (IQR=84.2-100) and 86.9% (IQR=81.3-97.8) preservation, respectively. The median follow-up period was 40 (IQR=30.5-61.5) months. None of the patients developed complications requiring a second intervention or local recurrence of AML.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A long-term follow-up of RPN for renal AMLs revealed good preservation of renal function with a low complication rate. It may be considered as a reliable method to manage renal AMLs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Surgical Critical Care, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Kuang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: ycou228@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yen-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kun-Yuan
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hao-Chung
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shian-Shiang
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chuan-Shu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jian-Ri
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018206:Angiolipoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013624:Taiwan; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: angiomyolipoma; da Vinci; kidney; partial nephrectomy; robot