title: Direct Conversion of Wheat Straw into Electricity with a Biomass Flow Fuel Cell Mediated by Two Redox Ion Pairs.
abstract: In this paper, a biomass flow fuel cell to directly convert wheat straw to electricity at low temperature (80-90 °C) and atmospheric pressure is presented. Two redox ion pairs, Fe3+/Fe2+and VO2+/VO2+, acting as redox catalysts and charge carriers, were used in the anode and cathode flow tanks, respectively. The wheat straw was first oxidized by Fe3+in the anode tank at approximately 100 °C. The reduced Fe2+in the anode was used to construct a fuel cell with VO2+in the cathode. The VO2+ions were reduced to VO2+and regenerated to VO2+by oxygen oxidation. The wheat straw flow fuel cell showed a power output of 100 mW cm-2. Mediated with liquid Fe3+carriers, the solid powder of wheat straw could be gradually degraded into low-molecular-weight organic molecules and even oxidized to CO2at the anode without using noble-metal catalysts. The overpotential for the electrodes of the flow fuel cell was examined and the energy cost was estimated.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0620, USA.|Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates Science of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0620, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0620, USA.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Guodian New Energy Technology Research Institute, 2 North Street, Future Science and Technology Park, Changping District, Beijing, 102209, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Congmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0620, USA.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0620, USA.
authors.forename: Feifei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0620, USA.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Guodian New Energy Technology Research Institute, 2 North Street, Future Science and Technology Park, Changping District, Beijing, 102209, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Guodian New Energy Technology Research Institute, 2 North Street, Future Science and Technology Park, Changping District, Beijing, 102209, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0620, USA.
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D018533:Biomass; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004566:Electrodes; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*; D017968:Vanadium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010087:Oxides; D017968:Vanadium Compounds; C581824:vanadium dioxide; D007501:Iron
keywords: Pt-free; biomass fuel cell; biomass-electricity conversion; redox-pair mediator; wheat straw