title: Nonoccupational Exposure to Pyrethroids and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in the Chinese Population.
abstract: Pyrethroids and the metabolites have been frequently observed in the environment. Animal data suggests that pyrethroids can induce adverse effect on the cardiovascular system but there are no human studies examining pyrethoids exposure as a risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). We analyzed three nonspecific pyrethroids metabolites in urine and studied the association with CHD risk. A total of 72 CHD patients and 136 healthy subjects were recruited in Shanxi province in China from 2013 to 2014 by matching age and gender. The median concentrations of urinary cis-CDDA (cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl cyclopropane carboxylic acid), trans-CDDA (trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl cyclopropane carboxylic acid) and 3-PBA (3-phenoxybenzoic acid) among healthy subjects were 1.03, 0.42, 0.74 μg/L respectively, while the median concentrations of the three metabolites among CHD patients were 1.93, 1.07, 1.09 μg/L respectively, significantly higher than healthy subjects. Upper tertile of urinary pyrethroid metabolites were associated with an increased risk of CHD compared with the lowest tertile (cis-CDDA: ORT3vsT1= 6.86, 95% CI: 2.76-17.06, p-trend = 0.000; trans-CDDA: ORT3vsT1= 6.94; 95% CI: 2.80-17.19; p-trend =0.000; 3-PBA: ORT3vsT1= 3.62; 95% CI: 1.48-8.88; p-trend = 0.009; total pyrethroid metabolites: ORT3vsT1= 4.55; 95% CI: 1.80-11.54; p-trend = 0.002). This study provides information on pyrethroids exposure in China and reveals a possible positive association between pyrethroids exposure and the risk of coronary heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiajun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Xinzhou City People's Hospital, Xinzhou, Shanxi 034000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yiran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenting
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7121-2364
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000652:urine*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins