title: Performance, Reliability, Usability, and Safety of the ID-Cap System for Ingestion Event Monitoring in Healthy Volunteers: A Pilot Study.
abstract: Background:Nonadherence to prescribed medications is an important consideration in the clinical management of patients and in clinical research and drug development. The ID-Cap System is a novel technology that provides an objective measure of medication ingestion and enables real-time reporting of verified medication adherence data at the dose level. The ID-Cap System consists of an ingestible microsensor that is embedded in an oral dosage form and, once activated by stomach fluid, communicates digital messages to an external wearable reader to confirm ingestion.Objective:The objective of this exploratory study was to evaluate the performance, reliability, usability, and safety of the ID-Cap System for remote monitoring of 20 ingestion events over four weeks in 20 healthy volunteers.Design:This study was an open-label, single-arm, exploratory study of the ID-Cap System. The study design included the following three phases: 1) screening phase, 2) treatment phase consisting of 20 daily capsule ingestion events over a four-week period, and 3) follow-up phase consisting of a follow-up study visit that included an abdominal X-ray and a follow-up phone call. The initial use of the ID-Cap Reader and ingestion of the first study capsule were directly observed by the investigator during the first study visit. Subsequent study capsule ingestions were completed outside the research facility at the study participant's home or other location of his or her choice with ingestion assessed using the ID-Cap System.Setting:The study was conducted at a single clinical research site in Gainesville, Florida.Participants:Twenty healthy volunteers were enrolled in this four-week pilot study that was conducted between September and November 2014.Measurements:Study measurements included ID-Tag detection indicating capsule ingestion, utilization of the ID-Cap System consistent with instructions for use, adverse event reports, discontinuations of the System during the study, and safety assessments related to excretion of the ID-Tags through abdominal X-ray evaluations.Results:Positive detection accuracy was 100 percent for the 20 directly observed ingestions of study capsules that occurred during the initial study visits. Of the 384 ingestion events that were self-administered by the study participants without direct observation, 371 were accurately detected using the ID-Cap System. Overall adherence to the prescribed study capsules as measured by the ID-Cap System was 97.75 percent (391 detections/400 expected ingestion events). Significant intra-individual and inter-individual variability in the timing of self-administered doses was observed in this study. No adverse events were reported, and no study participants discontinued use of the ID-Cap System for any reason during the study. There was no evidence indicating retention of ID-Tags based on abdominal X-ray evaluations.Conclusion:The ID-Cap System enables accurate measurement of medication adherence for oral drug therapy at the dose level. This study supports the clinical validation of the technology and feasibility in using the system for the collection and real-time reporting of medication adherence in the clinical management of patients and in clinical research and drug development.
authors.affiliation: Drs. Flores, Carnes, Euliano, Mr. Peace, and Mr. Buffkin are with etectRx, Inc. in Newberry, Florida; and Drs. Baumgartner and Smith are from Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: Glen P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.affiliation: Drs. Flores, Carnes, Euliano, Mr. Peace, and Mr. Buffkin are with etectRx, Inc. in Newberry, Florida; and Drs. Baumgartner and Smith are from Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peace
authors.affiliation: Drs. Flores, Carnes, Euliano, Mr. Peace, and Mr. Buffkin are with etectRx, Inc. in Newberry, Florida; and Drs. Baumgartner and Smith are from Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: Tony C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Carnes
authors.affiliation: Drs. Flores, Carnes, Euliano, Mr. Peace, and Mr. Buffkin are with etectRx, Inc. in Newberry, Florida; and Drs. Baumgartner and Smith are from Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.affiliation: Drs. Flores, Carnes, Euliano, Mr. Peace, and Mr. Buffkin are with etectRx, Inc. in Newberry, Florida; and Drs. Baumgartner and Smith are from Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: D Eric
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Buffkin
authors.affiliation: Drs. Flores, Carnes, Euliano, Mr. Peace, and Mr. Buffkin are with etectRx, Inc. in Newberry, Florida; and Drs. Baumgartner and Smith are from Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: Neil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Euliano
authors.affiliation: Drs. Flores, Carnes, Euliano, Mr. Peace, and Mr. Buffkin are with etectRx, Inc. in Newberry, Florida; and Drs. Baumgartner and Smith are from Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: Larry N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Smith
keywords: Medication adherence; drug development tool; ingestible event monitor; ingestible sensor; telemedicine; treatment compliance