title: Reelin: Neurodevelopmental Architect and Homeostatic Regulator of Excitatory Synapses.
abstract: Over half a century ago, D. S. Falconer first reported a mouse with a reeling gate. Four decades later, the Reln gene was isolated and identified as the cause of the reeler phenotype. Initial studies found that loss of Reelin, a large, secreted glycoprotein encoded by the Reln gene, results in abnormal neuronal layering throughout several regions of the brain. In the years since, the known functions of Reelin signaling in the brain have expanded to include multiple postdevelopmental neuromodulatory roles, revealing an ever increasing body of evidence to suggest that Reelin signaling is a critical player in the modulation of synaptic function. In writing this review, we intend to highlight the most fundamental aspects of Reelin signaling and integrate how these various neuromodulatory effects shape and protect synapses.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Molecular Genetics.|Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, and.
authors.forename: Catherine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Wasser
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Molecular Genetics, Joachim.Herz@UTSouthwestern.edu.|Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, and.|Department of Neuroscience.|Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D000091042:Reelin Protein; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000091042:Reelin Protein; C000717127:RELN protein, human; C000717128:Reln protein, mouse; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases
keywords: ApoE receptors; Reelin; amyloid-β (Aβ); apolipoprotein E (ApoE); neurodegeneration; neurodegenerative diseases; neurotransmitter receptor; protein-tyrosine kinase; receptor; synaptic function; tyrosine-protein kinase (tyrosine kinase)