title: Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide to Hydrocarbons Using Bimetallic Cu-Pd Catalysts with Different Mixing Patterns.
abstract: Electrochemical conversion of CO2holds promise for utilization of CO2as a carbon feedstock and for storage of intermittent renewable energy. Presently Cu is the only metallic electrocatalyst known to reduce CO2to appreciable amounts of hydrocarbons, but often a wide range of products such as CO, HCOO-, and H2are formed as well. Better catalysts that exhibit high activity and especially high selectivity for specific products are needed. Here a range of bimetallic Cu-Pd catalysts with ordered, disordered, and phase-separated atomic arrangements (Cuat:Pdat= 1:1), as well as two additional disordered arrangements (Cu3Pd and CuPd3 with Cuat:Pdat= 3:1 and 1:3), are studied to determine key factors needed to achieve high selectivity for C1 or C2 chemicals in CO2reduction. When compared with the disordered and phase-separated CuPd catalysts, the ordered CuPd catalyst exhibits the highest selectivity for C1 products (>80%). The phase-separated CuPd and Cu3Pd achieve higher selectivity (>60%) for C2 chemicals than CuPd3 and ordered CuPd, which suggests that the probability of dimerization of C1 intermediates is higher on surfaces with neighboring Cu atoms. Based on surface valence band spectra, geometric effects rather than electronic effects seem to be key in determining the selectivity of bimetallic Cu-Pd catalysts. These results imply that selectivities to different products can be tuned by geometric arrangements. This insight may benefit the design of catalytic surfaces that further improve activity and selectivity for CO2reduction.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UIUC , 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.|International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Sichao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.|CREST, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadakiyo
authors.affiliation: International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.|CREST, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heima
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UIUC , 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, UIUC , 104 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9479-2595
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Haasch
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UIUC , 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
authors.forename: Jake I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.affiliation: International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.|CREST, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UIUC , 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.|International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Paul J A
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7348-0381
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kenis