title: Proton beam therapy for liver metastases from gastric cancer.
abstract: Liver metastases from gastric cancer (LMGC) is a non-curable, fatal disease with a 5-year survival rate of <10%. Although various local treatments have been applied, their clinical utility has not been established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of proton beam therapy (PBT) for the treatment of patients with LMGC. A total of nine patients (seven men, two women; aged 56-78 years) with LMGC who received PBT between 2002 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had tumors confined to the liver were investigated, and patients who had extrahepatic tumors were excluded. Six of the patients had solitary tumors, and three patients had multiple tumors. The total irradiation dose was 64-77 Gy relative biological effectiveness (RBE), and three patients received concurrent chemotherapy. The overall and progression-free survival (OS and PFS) rates, local control (LC) rate, and adverse effects were investigated. All patients completed treatment without interruption, and late adverse effects of higher than Grade 3 were not observed. The OS rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 100%, 78% and 56%, respectively (median, 5.5 years); the PFS rates were 67%, 40% and 40% (median, 2.6 years); and the LC rates were 89%, 71% and 71%. PBT was demonstrated to be a safe treatment, and the OS and PFS rates were not inferior to those for other types of local treatment. Therefore, PBT should be considered as an effective local treatment option for patients with LMGC.
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukumitsu
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Daichi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Takizawa
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Numajiri
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizumoto
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Teruhito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aihara
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.affiliation: Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakurai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061766:Proton Therapy; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: gastric cancer; metastatic liver tumor; proton beam therapy; survival rate