title: Progressive Assessment on the Decomposition Reaction of Na Superionic Conducting Ceramics.
abstract: The successful analysis on the microstructure of Hong-type Na superionic conducting (NASICON) ceramics revealed that it consists of several heterogeneous phases: NASICON grains with rectangular shapes, monoclinic round ZrO2particles, grain boundaries, a SiO2-rich vitrified phase, Na-rich amorphous particles, and pores. A dramatic microstructural evolution of NASICON ceramics was demonstrated via an in situ analysis, which showed that NASICON grains sequentially lost their original morphology and were transformed into comminuted particles (as indicated by the immersion of bulk NASICON samples into seawater at a temperature of 80 °C). The consecutive X-ray diffraction analysis represented that the significant shear stress inside NASICON ceramics caused their structural decomposition, during which H3O+ions occupied ceramic Na+sites (predominantly along the (1̅11) and (1̅33) planes), while the original Na+cations came out in the (020) plane of the NASICON ceramic crystalline structure. The results of time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that large concentrations of Cl-and Na+ions were distributed across the surface of NASICON ceramics, leading to local densification of a 20 μm thick surface layer after treatment within seawater solution at a temperature of 80 °C.
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798, Korea.
authors.forename: Daekyeom
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyojin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Advanced Batteries Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI) , Gyeonggi-do 463-816, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Nam
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Analysis Support TEAM, JEOL Korea Ltd. , Seoul 134-814, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngsik
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7076-9489
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Hong-type NASICON ceramics; microstructure corrosion; seawater battery; solid electrolyte; structural decomposition/degradation