title: Polymorphisms in the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Promoters and Susceptibility to Glial Tumors in Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evidence suggests an association between MMP-9 functional gene polymorphisms and several tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at MMP-9 R279Q A/G, P574R G/C and R668Q G/A and R668Q (rs17577) genotypes with glial tumors in Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present series consisted of tissue samples obtained from 100 cancer-free controls and 100 patients who had undergone glial tumor resection from 2007 to 2011 at the Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty of Istanbul University. Blood samples were collected to extract the genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of each subject by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. The genotypes of MMP-9 P574R, R279Q and R668Q SNPs were determined by using the PCR-RFLP assay. Genotypic distributions between patient and control groups were compared for correlations with glial tumor occurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SNPs in MMP-9 were not found to be significantly associated with glial tumor risk among participants except R279Q (G-G) which showed high risk only in multivariate analysis (OR adjusted, 3.15 95% CI, 1.10-9.01). The comparisons between the grade of tumor and the genotypic polymorphisms also showed no significant associations in the case group (all p values > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study showed a significant association between the R279Q G/G polymorphism and formation of glial tumor in advanced age. Changed protein features may cause triggering of some subcellular mechanisms that may have a role in activating oncogenic processes over the years. These data add to the growing epidemiological and experimental evidence that MMP-9 may play a role in glial tumors.
authors.affiliation: Florence Nightingale Hospital, Neurosurgery Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mahmut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katar
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hanimoglu
authors.forename: Mustafa Onur
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Ulu
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Isler
authors.forename: Oguz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baran
authors.forename: Veysel
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Antar
authors.forename: Cumhur Gokhan
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Ekmekci
authors.forename: Mehmet Yasar
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kaynar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9