title: Laryngeal High-Speed Videoendoscopy: Sensitivity of Objective Parameters towards Recording Frame Rate.
abstract: The current use of laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy in clinic settings involves subjective visual assessment of vocal fold vibratory characteristics. However, objective quantification of vocal fold vibrations for evidence-based diagnosis and therapy is desired, and objective parameters assessing laryngeal dynamics have therefore been suggested. This study investigated the sensitivity of the objective parameters and their dependence on recording frame rate. A total of 300 endoscopic high-speed videos with recording frame rates between 1000 and 15 000 fps were analyzed for a vocally healthy female subject during sustained phonation. Twenty parameters, representing laryngeal dynamics, were computed. Four different parameter characteristics were found: parameters showing no change with increasing frame rate; parameters changing up to a certain frame rate, but then remaining constant; parameters remaining constant within a particular range of recording frame rates; and parameters changing with nearly every frame rate. The results suggest that (1) parameter values are influenced by recording frame rates and different parameters have varying sensitivities to recording frame rate; (2) normative values should be determined based on recording frame rates; and (3) the typically used recording frame rate of 4000 fps seems to be too low to distinguish accurately certain characteristics of the human phonation process in detail.
authors.affiliation: Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU-Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bohlenplatz 21, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9510-4018
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schützenberger
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Louisiana State University, 64 Hatcher Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
authors.forename: Melda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kunduk
authors.affiliation: Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU-Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bohlenplatz 21, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Döllinger
authors.affiliation: Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU-Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstrasse 10a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alexiou
authors.affiliation: Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU-Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bohlenplatz 21, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dubrovskiy
authors.affiliation: Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU-Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bohlenplatz 21, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Semmler
authors.affiliation: Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU-Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bohlenplatz 21, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seger
authors.affiliation: Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU-Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bohlenplatz 21, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bohr
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007830:Larynx / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D014741:Video Recording / Q000379:methods*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology