title: Neonates with sickle cell disease are vulnerable to blue light phototherapy-induced oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine elevations.
abstract: Sickle cell disease is a frequent genetic anomaly characterized by altered molecular structure of hemoglobin resulting into crescent-like deformation of the red blood corpuscles. Neonatal jaundice is a frequent co-morbidity in sickle cell disease. Phototherapy induces isomerization of bilirubin rendering it extractable through urine and hence it is used as a routine treatment of neonatal jaundice. An exposure to light phototherapy as a treatment of neonatal jaundice induces oxidative stress. It is hypothesized that such exposure of neonates with sickle cell disease to the blue light phototherapy as a treatment of neonatal jaundice induces severe oxidative stress and increases the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. This hypothesis is supported with two case studies of sickle cell disease suffering neonates who were exposed to blue light phototherapy to treat jaundice. In both these cases, exposure to phototherapy induced oxidative stress (increased lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase, slight change in activity of catalase and GSH) and elevated the levels of proinflammatory cytokine (TNFα, IL-1, and IL-6) in the sickle cell disease suffering neonates. These observations warrant further investigations to determine the consequences and clinical significance of the blue phototherapy-induced oxidative and proinflammatory stress in Sickle cell disease suffering neonates exposed to phototherapy as a treatment of jaundice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist - Dhulia, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Hemakshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chaudhari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist- Dhulia, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist- Dhulia, Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: pchandragouda@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Chandragouda
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Patil
mesh_terms: D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007567:Jaundice, Neonatal / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D001663:Bilirubin