title: Variation in Carbohydrates between Cancer and Normal Cell Membranes Revealed by Super-Resolution Fluorescence Imaging.
abstract: Carbohydrate alterations on cell membranes are associated with various cancer processes, including tumorigenesis, malignant transformation, and tumor dissemination. However, variations in the distributions of cancer-associated carbohydrates are unclear at the molecular level. Herein, direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy is used to reveal that seven major types of carbohydrates tended to form obvious clusters on cancer cell membranes compared with normal cell membranes (both cultured and primary cells), and most types of carbohydrates present a similar distributed characteristic on various cancer cells (e.g., HeLa and Os-Rc-2 cells). Significantly, sialic acid is found to distribute in larger-sized clusters with a higher cluster coverage percentage on various cancer cells than normal cells. These findings on the aberrant distributions of cancer-associated carbohydrates can potentially serve as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets, as well as making a contribution to clarify how abnormal glycosylations of membrane glycoconjugates participate in tumorigenesis and metastasis.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Junling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The second hospital of Jilin university Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Tianzhou
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Kunming institute of botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650201 P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mingjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Kunming institute of botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650201 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wenyong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Junguang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: The second hospital of Jilin university Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ti
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hongda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: cancer markers; carbohydrates; dSTROM imaging; distribution