title: Clinical feasibility of 3D-QALAS - Single breath-hold 3D myocardial T1- and T2-mapping.
abstract: To investigate the in-vivo precision and clinical feasibility of 3D-QALAS - a novel method for simultaneous three-dimensional myocardial T1- and T2-mapping.
  
  
  
  Ten healthy subjects and 23 patients with different cardiac pathologies underwent cardiovascular 3T MRI examinations including 3D-QALAS, MOLLI and T2-GraSE acquisitions. Precision was investigated in the healthy subjects between independent scans, between dependent scans and as standard deviation of consecutive scans. Clinical feasibility of 3D-QALAS was investigated for native and contrast enhanced myocardium in patients. Data were analyzed using mean value and 95% confidence interval, Pearson correlation, Paired t-tests, intraclass correlation and Bland-Altman analysis.
  
  
  
  Average myocardial relaxation time values and SD from eight repeated acquisitions within the group of healthy subjects were 1178±18.5ms (1.6%) for T1 with 3D-QALAS, 52.7±1.2ms (2.3%) for T2 with 3D-QALAS, 1145±10.0ms (0.9%) for T1 with MOLLI and 49.2±0.8ms (1.6%) for T2 with GraSE. Myocardial T1 and T2 relaxation times obtained with 3D-QALAS correlated very well with reference methods; MOLLI for T1 (r=0.994) and T2-GraSE for T2 (r=0.818) in the 23 patients. Average native/post-contrast myocardial T1 values from the patients were 1166.2ms/411.8ms for 3D-QALAS and 1174.4ms/438.9ms for MOLLI. Average native myocardial T2 values from the patients were 53.2ms for 3D-QALAS and 54.4ms for T2-GraSE.
  
  
  
  Repeated independent and dependent scans together with the intra-scan repeatability, demonstrated all a very good precision for the 3D-QALAS method in healthy volunteers. This study shows that 3D T1 and T2 mapping in the left ventricle is feasible in one breath hold for patients with different cardiac pathologies using 3D-QALAS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: sofia.kvernby@liu.se.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kvernby
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; SyntheticMR AB, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: marcel.jan.bertus.warntjes@liu.se.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Warntjes
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: jan.engvall@regionostergotland.se.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engvall
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: carljohan.carlhall@liu.se.
authors.forename: Carl-Johan
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Carlhäll
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Division of Media and Information Technology, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: tino.ebbers@liu.se.
authors.forename: Tino
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ebbers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D062485:Breath Holding; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: 3D-QALAS; Myocardium; Precision; T1 mapping; T2 mapping; Validation