title: Incidence of type 1 diabetes has doubled in Kuwaiti children 0-14 years over the last 20 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study had 2 aims: to report data on the incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in Kuwaiti children aged 0-14 years during 2011 to 2013 and to compare the recent data with those collected during 1992 to 1997.
  
  
  METHODS
  All newly diagnosed patients were registered through the Childhood-Onset Diabetes eRegistry (CODeR) in 2011-2013, based on the DiaMond protocol used in 1992-1997.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 515 Kuwaiti children (247 boys and 268 girls) aged 0-14 years newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes were registered from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2013. Data ascertainment were 96.7%. The mean age ± SD at diagnosis was 8.7 ± 3.4 years in boys and 7.9 ± 3.1 years in girls. The crude incidence rate (95% CI) was 40.9 (37.4-44.6) and the age standardized rate 41.7 (95% 38.1-45.4) per 100,000 per year, 39.3 (34.6-44.4) among boys and 44.1 (39.0-49.7) among girls. A statistically significant increasing trend in incidence was observed as the overall crude incidence rose from 17.7 in 1992-1994 to 40.9 per 100,000 per year in 2011-2013. The Poisson regression model depicting the trend in incidence revealed that, the incidence rates adjusted for age and sex in 2011 to 2013 was 2.3 (95% CI 1.9-2.7) times higher than 1992-1997.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of type 1 diabetes in Kuwaiti children 0-14 years has doubled in the last 2 decades. The reasons for this increase requires further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Azza A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shaltout
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Unit, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wake
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Thangavel A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Thanaraj
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Dina M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Dalia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Al-AbdulRazzaq
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Arshad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Channanath
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kuwait, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Hessa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: AlKandari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Majedah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdulrasoul
authors.affiliation: Health Informatics Ltd, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Unit, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Davidsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007730:Kuwait / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012042:Registries
keywords: childhood diabetes; epidemiology; incidence; time trend; type 1 diabetes