title: Safety and efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with embospheres in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with embospheres for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with unresectable HCC who were treated with TACE followed by embosphere treatment (Embo-TACE) or conventional TACE (cTACE) between May 2010 and March 2014 were retrospectively included in this study. The Embo-TACE group received lipiodol and chemotherapeutic agent emulsion, followed by embospheres. The cTACE group received lipiodol and chemotherapeutic agent emulsion, followed by gelatin sponge pellets. Time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), and safety were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses of the factors affecting survival were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median TTP and OS in the Embo-TACE group were significantly longer than those in the cTACE group (TPP: 7.0 months vs 5.4 months, P = 0.035; OS: 15 months vs 12 months, P = 0.032). Seven days after the first TACE treatment, alanine aminotransferase level was higher in the cTACE group than in the Embo-TACE group (P = 0.015). The ORR did not significantly differ between the two groups (P = 0.827). Additional therapy and local responses one month after the first TACE treatment were associated with OS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Embo-TACE resulted in a significant improvement in TTP and OS for patients with unresectable HCC, compared with cTACE. Furthermore, Embo-TACE was better tolerated. Additional therapy and local responses one month after the first TACE were independent prognostic factors for OS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Health Vocational and Technical College, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.|Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Ming Zhi
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Health Vocational and Technical College, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.|Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Hai Lan
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Health Vocational and Technical College, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Qi Zhong
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Health Vocational and Technical College, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Yu Bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Health Vocational and Technical College, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Jian Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Health Vocational and Technical College, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Jian Xiong
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004998:Ethiodized Oil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005780:Gelatin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006499:Hepatic Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C496735:trisacryl gelatin microspheres; D004998:Ethiodized Oil; D005780:Gelatin
keywords: embosphere; hepatocellular carcinoma; survival; transcatheter arterial chemoembolizationtrisacryl gelatin microsphere