title: Efficacy and safety of prostate artery embolization on lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is emerging and is a promising minimally invasive therapy that improves lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The purpose of this article was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PAE on LUTS related to BPH.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review was performed to identify all published articles of PAE for BPH. The sources included MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library from 1980 to 2016. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. The outcome measurements were combined by calculating the mean difference with 95% confidence interval. Statistical analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve studies involving 840 participants were included. Compared with baseline, the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5; International Prostate Symptom Score) scores, the quality of life scores, peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) and postvoid residual volume all had significant improvements during the 24-month follow-up (allP<0.00001). Both prostate volume (PV) and prostate-specific antigen had significant decrease during the 12-month follow-up (P<0.00001 andP=0.005, respectively), except postoperative 24 months (P=0.47 andP=0.32, respectively). The IIEF-5 short form scores had significant increase at postoperative 6 months (P=0.002) and 12 months (P<0.0001), except postoperative 1 month (P=0.23) and 24 months (P=0.21). For large volume (PV ≥80 mL) BPH, the results were similar. There were no life-threatening complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PAE is an effective, safe and well-tolerable treatment for LUTS related to BPH, including large volume (PV ≥80 mL) BPH, with a good short-term follow-up. Studies with large number of cases and longer follow-up time are needed to validate our results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huan-Tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000098:blood supply*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia; lower urinary tract symptoms; meta-analysis; prostate artery embolization