title: New vignettes for the experimental manipulation of injury cause in prospective mild traumatic brain injury research.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study developed standardized vignettes that depict a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) from one of several causes and subjected them to formal expert review.
  
  
  METHODS
  A base vignette was developed using the World Health Organization operational criteria for mild TBI. Eight specific causes (e.g. sport vs assault) were examined. A convenience sample of mild TBI experts with a discipline background of Neuropsychology from North America, Australasia and Europe (n = 21) used an online survey to evaluate the vignettes and rated the role of cause on outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The vignette suite was rated as fitting the mild TBI WHO operational diagnostic criteria at least moderately well. When compared to other factors, cause was not rated as significantly contributing to outcome. When evaluated in isolation, approximately half of the sample rated cause as important or very important and at least two of three clinical outcomes were associated with a different cause.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The vignettes may be useful in experimental mild TBI research. They enable the injury parameters to be controlled so that the effects of cause can be isolated and examined empirically. Such studies should advance understanding of the role of this factor in mild TBI outcome.
authors.affiliation: a School of Psychology and Counselling.|b Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia.
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.affiliation: a School of Psychology and Counselling.|b Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia.
authors.forename: Shannon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Edmed
mesh_terms: D044362:Australasia; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009656:North America; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012106:Research; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Traumatic brain injury; concussion; mild brain; survey; vignette