title: Glycemic control indicator levels at diagnosis of neonatal diabetes mellitus: Comparison with other types of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a monogenic insulin-dependent diabetes that develops within 6 months of age. The progression of hyperglycemia until diagnosis is unknown. Glycemic control indicators at diagnosis are useful to estimate the extent and duration of hyperglycemia. We recently established that age-adjusted glycated albumin (GA) is a useful indicator of glycemic control, regardless of age.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the levels of various glycemic control indicators at diagnosis between NDM and other types of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 8 patients with NDM, 8 with fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1D), and 24 with acute-onset autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1AD). Plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), GA, and age-adjusted GA (calculated as previously reported) were measured and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in the plasma glucose levels of the group of patients with NDM and those with FT1D or T1AD. HbA1c and GA levels in the NDM group were not significantly different from those in the FT1D group, and both indicators were lower than those in the T1AD group. Age-adjusted GA levels in the NDM group did not differ significantly from those in the T1AD group, but were higher than those in the FT1D group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the time-course of plasma glucose elevation in NDM until diagnosis is similar to that in T1AD. In addition, the high age-adjusted GA value at diagnosis of NDM indicates that this test is useful for assessing chronic hyperglycemia in NDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furuya
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Fukui-ken Saiseikai Hospital, Wadanaka-cho, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bando
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Nissay Hospital, Nishi-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Soji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hakuhokai Central Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D000093423:Glycated Serum Albumin
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D012709:Serum Albumin; D000093423:Glycated Serum Albumin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: HbA1c; fulminant type 1 diabetes; glycated albumin; neonatal diabetes mellitus; type 1 diabetes