title: Impact of hybrid iterative reconstruction on unenhanced liver CT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the impact of hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) and filtered back projection (FBP) on unenhanced liver CT.
  
  
  METHODS
  30 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) underwent unenhanced CT. The images were reconstructed with FBP and weak (Level 1), mild (Level 4) and strong (Level 7) levels of HIR (iDose4; Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH). Quantitatively, attenuations of the HCC (with the largest lesion in each case), hepatic parenchyma (the average of four segments) and image noise (standard deviation of the attenuations in hepatic parenchyma) were compared between the four kinds of reconstruction using the two-tailed paired t-test. Qualitatively, liver lesion conspicuity and characterization were also compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Attenuation of the liver lesion with the strong level of HIR was significantly higher than that with FBP (p = 0.0005). Attenuations of hepatic parenchyma with all three HIR levels were significantly lower than that with FBP (p ≤ 0.0002 in all comparisons). Image noise with each of the three HIR levels was significantly smaller than that with FBP (p < 0.0001 in any comparison). There was no significant difference in lesion conspicuity and characterization between FBP and each HIR level (p ≥ 0.0819 in all comparisons).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although attenuations of the liver lesion and hepatic parenchyma were significantly different between HIR and FBP, HIR had no significant effect on lesion conspicuity and characterization. Advances in knowledge: Attenuations of liver lesions and hepatic parenchyma differ significantly between HIR and FBP images.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishie
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirasaka
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arimura
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*