title: Serotypes not Included in 13-Valent Pneumococcal Vaccine as Causes of Acute Otitis Media with Spontaneous Tympanic Membrane Perforation in a Geographic Area with High Vaccination Coverage.
abstract: In 177 children living in an area with high 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 13 coverage, who had acute otitis media complicated with spontaneous tympanic membrane perforation, Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified in the middle ear fluid of 48 (27.1%) subjects, with 37 (77.1%) cases caused by nonpneumococcal conjugate vaccine 13 serotypes.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Università degli Studi di Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; †Primary Care Pediatrician, Milan, Italy; and ‡Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Unit of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics "G.A. Maccacaro," Università degli Studi di Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marchisio
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picca
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baggi
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Terranova
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orenti
authors.forename: Elia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Biganzoli
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Principi
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D065288:Serogroup; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018058:Tympanic Membrane Perforation / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: C538862:13-valent pneumococcal vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines