title: Molecular Evidence of High Proportion ofPlasmodium vivaxMalaria Infection in White Nile Area in Sudan.
abstract: Plasmodium falciparumis a predominant malaria species that infects humans in the African continent. A recent WHO report estimated 95% and 5% ofP. falciparumandP. vivaxmalaria cases, respectively, in Sudan. However many laboratory reports from different areas in Sudan indicated otherwise. In order to verify, we selected four hundred suspected malaria cases from Aljabalain area located in the White Nile state, central Sudan, and diagnosed them with quality insured microscopy and species-specific nested PCR. Our results indicated that the proportion ofP. vivaxinfections among suspected malaria cases was high. We found that on average 20% and 36.5% of malaria infections in both study areas were caused byP. vivaxusing both microscopy and PCR, respectively. This change in pattern is likely due to the recent demographic changes and high rate of immigration from neighbouring countries in the recent years. This is the first extensive clinical study of its kind that shows rising trend inP. vivaxmalaria cases in White Nile area, Sudan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Makarim M Adam
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Suliman
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Bushra M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hamad
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Musab M Ali
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Albasheer
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Maytha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elhadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Mutaz
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2876-0784
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amin Mustafa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Neelain University, Sudan.
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elobied
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Muzamil Mahdi Abdel
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6157-4388
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hamid