title: Evaluation of nicotine in tobacco-free-nicotine commercial products.
abstract: Recently, a variety of new tobacco-free-nicotine, TFN, products have been commercialized as e-liquids. Tobacco-derived nicotine contains predominantly (S)-(-)-nicotine, whereas TFN products may not. The TFN products are said to be cleaner, purer substances, devoid of toxic components that come from the tobacco extraction process. A variety of commercial tobacco and TFN products were analyzed to identify the presence and composition of each nicotine enantiomer. A rapid and effective enantiomeric separation of nicotine has been developed using a modified macrocyclic glycopeptide bonded to superficially porous particles. The enantiomeric assay can be completed in <2 min with high resolution and accuracy using high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The results of this study suggest the need for pharmacological studies of (R)-(+)-nicotine, which is present in much greater quantities in commercial TFN products compared to commercial tobacco-derived products. Such studies are required by the FDA for new enantiomeric pharmacological products. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
authors.forename: Garrett
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hellinghausen
authors.affiliation: AZYP, LLC. 611 Loch Chalet Ct, Arlington, TX, 76012, USA.
authors.forename: Jauh T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
authors.forename: Choyce A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Weatherly
authors.affiliation: AZYP, LLC. 611 Loch Chalet Ct, Arlington, TX, 76012, USA.
authors.forename: Diego A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.|AZYP, LLC. 611 Loch Chalet Ct, Arlington, TX, 76012, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Armstrong
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000737:chemistry; D009538:Nicotine / Q000032:analysis*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000032:analysis*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D006020:Glycopeptides; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009538:Nicotine
keywords: Pharmanic; electrospray ionization liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; enantiomeric separation; nicotine; tobacco-free nicotine (TFN)