title: Combined effect of grain refinement and surface modification of pure titanium on the attachment of mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells.
abstract: Surface modification is an important step in production of medical implants. Surface roughening creates additional surface area to enhance the bonding between the implant and the bone. Recent research provided a means to alter the microstructure of titanium by severe plastic deformation (SPD) in order to increase its strength, and thereby reduce the size of the implants (specifically, their diameter). The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of bulk microstructure of commercially pure titanium with coarse-grained (CG) and ultrafine-grained (UFG) bulk structure on the surface state of these materials after surface modification by sand blasting and acid etching (SLA). It was shown that SLA-modified surface characteristics, in particular, roughness, chemistry, and wettability, were affected by prior SPD processing. Additionally, biocompatibility of UFG titanium was examined using osteosarcoma cell line SaOS-2 and primary human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (adMSC) cultures. Enhanced cell viability as well as increased matrix mineralization during osteogenic differentiation of MSCs on the surface of ultrafine-grained titanium was shown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. Electronic address: alexander.medvedev@monash.edu.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Medvedev
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Vic 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lapovok
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kasper
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.affiliation: Carpenter Technology Corporation, Bldg. 68, PO Box 14662, Reading, PA 19612-4662, USA.
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Anumalasetty
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia; Laboratory of Hybrid Nanostructured Materials, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119490, Russia.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Estrin
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium
keywords: Biocompatibility; Mesenchymal stem cells; SLA; Severe plastic deformation; Surface modification; Titanium