title: Spatial Organization of Functional Groups on Bioactive Supramolecular Glycopeptide Nanofibers for Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) to Brown Adipogenesis.
abstract: Spatial organization of bioactive moieties in biological materials has significant impact on the function and efficiency of these systems. Here, we demonstrate the effect of spatial organization of functional groups including carboxylate, amine, and glucose functionalities by using self-assembled peptide amphiphile (PA) nanofibers as a bioactive scaffold. We show that presentation of bioactive groups on glycopeptide nanofibers affects mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a distinct manner by means of adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Strikingly, when the glutamic acid is present in the glycopeptide backbone, the PA nanofibers specifically induced differentiation of MSCs into brown adipocytes in the absence of any differentiation medium as shown by lipid droplet accumulation and adipogenic gene marker expression analyses. This effect was not evident in the other glycopeptide nanofibers, which displayed the same functional groups but with different spatial organization. Brown adipocytes are attractive targets for obesity treatment and are found in trace amounts in adults, which also makes this specific glycopeptide nanofiber system an attractive tool to study molecular pathways of brown adipocyte formation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University , 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozum S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Caliskan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University , 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Melis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sardan Ekiz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University , 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse B
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4453-814X
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Tekinay
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University , 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa O
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1168-202X
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Guler
mesh_terms: D052437:Adipocytes, Brown / Q000166:cytology; D050156:Adipogenesis; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006020:Glycopeptides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents