title: Identification, functional gastrointestinal stability and molecular docking studies of lentil peptides with dual antioxidant and angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory activities.
abstract: The objective was to identify peptides with dual antioxidant and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities released from lentil proteins by Savinase®. The influence of gastrointestinal digestion on peptide bioactivity was also assayed. Fragments from vicilin, convicilin and legumin were the most abundant peptides identified. Peptides LLSGTQNQPSFLSGF, NSLTLPILRYL, TLEPNSVFLPVLLH showed the highest antioxidant (0.013-1.432μmol Trolox eq./μmol peptide) and ACE inhibitory activities (IC50=44-120μM). Gastrointestinal digestion of peptides improved their dual activity (10-14μmol Trolox eq./μmol peptide; IC50=11-21μM). In general, C-terminal heptapeptide was crucial for their dual activity. ACE inhibition relies on the formation of hydrogen bonds between C-terminal residues of lentil peptides and residues of the ACE catalytic site. The present study helps clarifying the relationship between structure and dual antioxidant/antihypertensive activity of lentil peptides opening new opportunities to food industry such as the application of lentil protein hydrolysates as ingredients for development of functional foods.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: patrigmora@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Mora
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry Institute (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: mercedes@iqm.csic.es.
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martín-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry Institute (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: angelesbonache@iqm.csic.es.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Angeles Bonache
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry Institute (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: rosario.gonzalezmuniz@iqm.csic.es.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González-Múniz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: elenape@ictan.csic.es.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peñas
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: frias@ictan.csic.es.
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frias
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: c.m.villaluenga@csic.es.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinez-Villaluenga
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion; D027806:Lens Plant / Q000378:metabolism*; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010455:Peptides; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: ACE inhibitory activity; Antioxidant activity; Gastrointestinal digestion; Lentil peptides; Molecular docking