title: Fabrication, Characterization, In vitro Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoemulsion of Flunarizine dihydrochloride for Nasal Delivery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Flunarizine dihydrochloride (FHC) is used for the prophylaxis to migraine. Flunarizine has solubility problems which is practically insoluble in water and alcohol. Nanoemulsion is the approach to increase the solubility of the insoluble drugs. Nanoemulsions of FHC was prepared which can be given through the alternate route such as nasal drug delivery for migraine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this research work the solubility of the poorly soluble FHC was successfully improved by preparing it as a nano emulsion. Nanoemulsions can pass through the biological membrane easily so it can be delivered through nasal mucosa by which it may provide a quicker onset of action. The currently available dosage forms are in the form of tablet.
  
  
  METHODS
  The formulations were prepared by using Glycerl Monostearate (GMS), Tween 80 as surfactant and PEG 400: Ethanol as co-surfactant in the distilled water. Nanoemulsions were prepared by step by step procedure. The prepared nanoemulsions were analyzed preliminarily by Master Sizer followed by Zeta Sizer by using the technique Dynamic Photon Correlation Spectroscopy. The best nanoemulsion was subjected to Zeta Potential study. The TEM analysis was carried out on the best formulation to gain the detailed information about the formulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The best formulation was selected based on the physical appearance, homogenecity of the preparation, Preliminary Master Sizer analysis report, Secondary Zeta Sizer analysis report with Zeta Potential and TEM. The best formulation demonstrated the size in nano range with improved solubility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FHC nano emulsion was prepared successfully which improved the solubility of the drug. The drug release study on simulated nasal fluid revealed that the preparation is suitable to be delivered through the nasal route.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Rayat- Bahra University, Punjab. India.
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Rayat-Bahra University, Punjab. India.
authors.forename: Kaur
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harjot
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry*; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions; D005444:Flunarizine / Q000737:chemistry*; D005989:Glycerides / Q000737:chemistry*; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004655:Emulsions; D005989:Glycerides; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D011136:Polysorbates; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C048159:glyceryl monostearate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C000595213:polyethylene glycol 400; D005444:Flunarizine
keywords: GMS; TEM; Zeta Potential; Zeta Sizer; nanoemulsion; prophylaxis