title: Effects of selenite on green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis: Bioaccumulation of selenium and enhancement of astaxanthin production.
abstract: Algae are at a low trophic level and play a crucial role in aquatic food webs. They can uptake and accumulate the trace element selenium (Se), which can be either essential or toxic to algal growth depending on the dosage and species. Se toxicity and algae resistance varied across different organisms. In order to investigate the effects of Se on the unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis, an important industrial resource for natural astaxanthin, the algal growth rate, chlorophyll content, and fluorescence parameters were derived from experimental treatment with different concentrations of selenite. The results showed that the EC50for the algal growth rate was 24mg/L, and that a low dosage of selenite (3mg/L) may not hinder H. pluvialis cell growth, but selenite at levels higher than 13mg/L do restrain cell growth. Bioaccumulation experiments showed that H. pluvialis accumulated up to 646μg/g total Se and 380μg/g organic Se, dry weight. However, treatment with high concentrations of selenite significantly increased intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, and the production of astaxanthin, suggesting that Se bioaccumulation might be toxic to H. pluvialis.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetic, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
authors.forename: Yihong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetic, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
authors.forename: Ze
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetic, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiancheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetic, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China. Electronic address: huzl@szu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhangli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D058086:Microalgae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D020887:Selenious Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D012643:Selenium / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D024341:Xanthophylls; C005948:astaxanthine; D020887:Selenious Acid; D012643:Selenium
keywords: Astaxanthin; Bioaccumulation; Haematococcus pluvialis; Selenium; Toxicity