title: Development of new NIR-spectroscopy method combined with multivariate analysis for detection of adulteration in camel milk with goat milk.
abstract: New NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis for detection and quantification of camel milk adulteration with goat milk was investigated. Camel milk samples were collected from Aldhahira and Sharqia regions of Sultanate of Oman and were measured using NIR spectroscopy in absorption mode in the wavelength range from 700 to 2500nm, at 2cm-1resolution and using a 0.2mm path length CaF2sealed cell. The multivariate methods like PCA, PLS-DA and PLS regression were used for interpretation of NIR spectral data. PLS-DA was used to detect the discrimination between the pure and adulterated milk samples. For PLSDA model the R-square value obtained was 0.974 with 0.08 RMSE. Furthermore, PLS regression model was used to quantify the levels of adulteration from, 0%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The PLS model showed the RMSEC=1.10% with R2=94%. This method is simple, reproducible, having excellent sensitivity. The limit of detection was found 0.5%, while the limit of quantification was 2%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Oman. Electronic address: mehboob@unizwa.edu.om.
authors.forename: Fazal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mabood
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, KPK, Pakistan. Electronic address: fjabeen2009@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jabeen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Manzor
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Oman.
authors.forename: Javid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Oman.
authors.forename: Saaida A A
authors.initials: SAA
authors.lastname: Al Mashaykhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Oman.
authors.forename: Zainb M A
authors.initials: ZMA
authors.lastname: Al Rubaiey
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Oman.
authors.forename: Saim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Farooq
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ricard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boqué
authors.affiliation: UoN Chair of Oman Medicinal Plants and Marine Products, University of Nizwa, Oman.
authors.forename: Liaqat
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zahid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: UoN Chair of Oman Medicinal Plants and Marine Products, University of Nizwa, Oman.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Harrasi
authors.affiliation: UoN Chair of Oman Medicinal Plants and Marine Products, University of Nizwa, Oman.
authors.forename: Abdul Latif
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Oman.
authors.forename: Zakira
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Naureen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Bachakhan University, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Idrees
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Suryyia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manzoor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002162:Camelus; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006041:Goats; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Camel milk adulteration; NIR-spectroscopy; PCA; PLS regression; PLS-DA