title: Health care costs of borderline personality disorder and matched controls with major depressive disorder: a comparative study based on anonymized claims data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) pose a significant burden to the German health care system in terms of direct and indirect costs. The aim of this study was to determine the incremental costs that arise due to the treatment of patients with BPD, in relation to MDD patients adjusted for gender and age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Insured persons who suffered from BPD (F60.3; N = 6599) or MDD (F32, F33; N = 26,396) in the year 2010 were identified from the German Health Risk Institute research database. To estimate the costs resulting from disorder-specific health care service utilization and the mean total costs per patient for the health care system, we analyzed anonymized claims data of individuals with BPD and matched individuals with MDD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The costs resulting from disorder-specific health care service utilization 1 year after index diagnosis amounted to 8508 EUR for BPD and 8281 EUR for MDD per patient utilizing services. With mean total annual costs per patient of 4636 EUR versus 2020 EUR 1 year preceding index diagnosis, 7478 EUR versus 3638 EUR in the year after index diagnosis, and 11,817 EUR versus 6058 EUR 2 years after index diagnosis, BPD patients incurred markedly higher costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since the treatment of BPD causes incremental costs for the German health care system compared to the treatment of MDD, and since both conditions are associated with a high level of suffering, there is a need for establishing adequate and early treatment of these mental disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Technical University of Brunswick, Humboldtstraße 33, 38106, Brunswick, Germany. katharina.bode@tu-braunschweig.de.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-9357
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.affiliation: Elsevier Health Analytics, Jägerstrasse 41, 10117, Berlin, Germany.|InGef - Institute for Applied Healthcare Research Berlin (former Health Risk Institute), Spittelmarkt 12, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.affiliation: InGef - Institute for Applied Healthcare Research Berlin (former Health Risk Institute), Spittelmarkt 12, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Technical University of Brunswick, Humboldtstraße 33, 38106, Brunswick, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kröger
mesh_terms: D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D007345:Insurance Claim Review
keywords: Borderline personality disorder; Claims data; Costs of illness; Health care service utilization; Major depressive disorder