title: Disseminated infection due to Exophiala pisciphila in Cardinal tetra, Paracheirodon axelrodi.
abstract: Cardinal tetra, Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz, 1956), kept in an ornamental tank, was found to be affected by severe invasive mycosis. Externally, the disease manifested as abdominal swelling, and internally, the anterior part of the intestine was extremely bloated with abundant dematiaceous septate hyphae and an accumulation of fluid. Histopathologically, a granulomatous inflammatory response was observed in the intestine wall, kidney and spleen. We assume that the mycotic agent was primarily deposited in the intestine and was then gradually disseminated to the other organs. DNA sequencing of ITS and LSU rDNA regions and phenotypic characterization were used for identification of the isolated fungus. The obtained data confirmed that the infection was caused by Exophiala pisciphila. The disease was subsequently reproduced in the carp fingerling using intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection of a spore suspension. The 13th day after intramuscular infection, a marked elevation of neutrophils was recorded in the peripheral blood; this involved a proliferation of band forms and segmented forms. As far as we know, this is the first report of infection due to E. pisciphila in Cardinal tetra.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Silesian Museum, Opava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Řehulka
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 2, Czech Republic.|Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolařík
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 2, Czech Republic.|Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hubka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060126:Characidae; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D005093:Exophiala / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D060446:Phaeohyphomycosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
keywords: 
  Cyprinus carpio
  ; black yeasts; experimental infection; mycotic granuloma; spontaneous infection