title: Label-free and high-throughput biosensing of multiple tumor markers on a single light-addressable photoelectrochemical sensor.
abstract: The sensitive and label-free detection of multiple biomarkers on a single electrode by photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors based on light addressing strategies is very attractive for developing portable and high-throughput biosensing systems. The essential prerequisite of this proposal is the employment of uniform photovoltaic material modified electrodes with high conversion efficiency. Herein, a novel two-step constant potential deposition method for the rapid fabrication of bismuth sulfide film modified ITO electrodes (Bi2S3/ITO) was established. The produced Bi2S3/ITO, with excellent uniformity and high conversion efficiency in visible light ranges, was further modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and then divided into separated identical sensing zones by insulative paints. The adsorption-based immobilization of antibodies of three tumor markers, i.e., a-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), onto different sensing zones of the electrode and the further blocking with BSA established a label-free and light-addressable PEC sensor (LF-LAPECS), which can achieve the rapid and sensitive detection of these biomarkers with wide linear ranges, low detection limits and self-calibration ability. Moreover, the detection throughput can be conveniently improved by enlarging the size of the substrate electrode and increasing the number of separated sensing zones. The present work thus demonstrates the promising applications of PEC techniques for developing sensitive, time-saving, cost-effective and high-throughput biosensing methods.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China. Electronic address: zhhliu@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430014, China.
authors.forename: Wangze
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China. Electronic address: cghu@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chengguo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry*; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D057230:Limit of Detection; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D013440:Sulfides; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D001729:Bismuth; C049897:bismuth sulfide
keywords: Bismuth sulfide; High throughput detection; Label-free biosensing; Photoelectrochemical sensors; Tumor markers