title: Persistence and risk of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes in major mariculture sites in Southeast China.
abstract: Antibiotics are widely used in mariculture industry, and this study attempts to determine the extent of water and sediment pollution by antibiotic residues in 13 major mariculture sites in China. Through chemical and molecular biology analysis, the results showed that the total concentrations of sulfonamides and tetracyclines were in the range 62.0-373.8ngL-1and 0.2-259.1ngL-1respectively in water samples, and in the range 0.19-1.59ngg-1dry weight and 3.45-74.84ngg-1dry weight respectively, in sediments samples. The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was detected in all sites. Compared with the tetracyclines resistance genes, the absolute copy number and relative abundance of the sulfonamides resistance genes were 4.3 times and 2.3 times higher in water and sediment from the mariculture sites, with the dominant resistance genes being sul2. The abundance of sul3 in the water phase was significantly correlated with the concentrations of sulfamerazine, while the abundance of sul2 in the sediment phase was significantly with sulfadiazine concentrations. The abundance of tetM in the sediment phase was significantly correlated with the concentrations of oxytetracycline. The findings demonstrate the persistence of antibiotic residues and ARGs in major mariculture sites in Southeast China.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: C Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China. Electronic address: jlzhou@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis; D017756:Aquaculture; D002681:China; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013754:Tetracyclines
keywords: Antibiotic residues; Mariculture; Sediment-water interactions; Sulfonamides resistance genes; Tetracyclines resistance genes