title: Chemopreventive potential of in vitro fermented nuts in LT97 colon adenoma and primary epithelial colon cells.
abstract: Due to their beneficial nutritional profile the consumption of nuts contributes to a healthy diet and might reduce colon cancer risk. To get closer insights into potential mechanisms, the chemopreventive potential of different in vitro fermented nut varieties regarding the modulation of genes involved in detoxification (CAT, SOD2, GSTP1, GPx1) and cell cycle (p21, cyclin D2) as well as proliferation and apoptosis was examined in LT97 colon adenoma and primary epithelial colon cells. Fermentation supernatants (FS) of nuts significantly induced mRNA expression of CAT (up to 4.0-fold), SOD2 (up to 2.5-fold), and GSTP1 (up to 2.3-fold), while GPx1 expression was significantly reduced by all nut FS (0.8 fold on average). Levels of p21 mRNA were significantly enhanced (up to 2.6-fold), whereas all nut FS significantly decreased cyclin D2 expression (0.4-fold on average). In primary epithelial cells, expression of CAT (up to 3.5-fold), GSTP1 (up to 3.0-fold), and GPx1 (up to 3.9-fold) was increased, whereas p21 and cyclin D2 levels were not influenced. Nut FS significantly inhibited growth of LT97 cells and increased levels of early apoptotic cells (8.4% on average) and caspase 3 activity (4.6-fold on average), whereas caspase 3 activity was not modulated in primary colon cells. The differential modulation of genes involved in detoxification and cell cycle together with an inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in adenoma cells might contribute to chemopreventive effects of nuts regarding colon cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition, Jena, Germany.|Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Wiebke
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schlörmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamberty
authors.affiliation: Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.|Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mothes
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saupe
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition, Jena, Germany.|Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Glei
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003106:Colon / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D005285:Fermentation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009754:Nuts
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents
keywords: apoptosis; cell cycle; colon cancer; dietary fiber; nuts