title: Predictors for Moderate to Severe Acute Postoperative Pain after Cesarean Section.
abstract: Background.Moderate to severe postoperative pain affects performance of daily activities and it contributes to persistent postoperative pain. In patients submitted to cesarean section, this pain can also interfere with women's ability to care for their babies, to effectively breastfeed, and to satisfactorily interact with their children. Factors influencing the pain perception during the immediate postoperative period have not been widely pursued.Objective.To investigate the incidence and predicting factors of postoperative pain after cesarean section.Methods.A prospective longitudinal study with 1,062 women submitted to cesarean section. We collected sociodemographic, clinical, surgical, and health behavior data. We used the 11-point Numerical Pain and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales. We performed logistic analysis to identify predictors of moderate to severe postoperative pain.Results.The incidence of moderate-severe postoperative pain was 78.4% (CI: 95%: 75.9%-80.8%). The preoperative anxiety (OR = 1.60; CI 95%: 1.22-2.30) and intrathecal morphine with fentanyl (OR = 0,23; CI 95%: 0.08-0.66) were significantly associated with moderate-severe postoperative pain report.Conclusion.The preoperative anxiety increases the risk of moderate-severe postoperative pain in women submitted to cesarean section. The intrathecal morphine with fentanyl added to bupivacaine was a protective factor against this pain.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 227 Qd, 68, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natalia de Carvalho
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1371-0066
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 227 Qd, 68, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lilian Varanda
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4604-0238
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 227 Qd, 68, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Louise Amália
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9636-2975
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de Moura
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 227 Qd, 68, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thuany Cavalcante
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 227 Qd, 68, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Charlise Fortunato
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Pedroso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D001938:Brazil; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics