title: Effects of ω-3 fatty acids on toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-κB p56 in lungs of rats with severe acute pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of ω-3 fatty acids (ω-3FA) on the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor κB p56 (NF-κBp56) signal pathway in the lungs of rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 56 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, SAP-saline group, SAP-soybean oil group and SAP-ω-3FA group. SAP was induced by the retrograde infusion of sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. The expression of TLR4 and NF-κBp56 in the lungs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the lungs were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of TLR4 and NF-κBp56 in lungs and of inflammatory cytokines in serum significantly increased in the SAP group compared with the control group (P< 0.05), but was significantly decreased in the ω-3FA group compared with the soybean oil group at 12 and 24 h (P< 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During the initial stage of SAP, ω-3FA can efficiently lower the inflammatory response and reduce lung injury by triggering the TLR4/NF-κBp56 signal pathway.
authors.affiliation: Bin Wang, Xiao-Wei Wu, Mei-Xia Guo, Min-Li Li, Xiao-Bing Xu, Xin-Xin Jin, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Bin Wang, Xiao-Wei Wu, Mei-Xia Guo, Min-Li Li, Xiao-Bing Xu, Xin-Xin Jin, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Bin Wang, Xiao-Wei Wu, Mei-Xia Guo, Min-Li Li, Xiao-Bing Xu, Xin-Xin Jin, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Mei-Xia
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Bin Wang, Xiao-Wei Wu, Mei-Xia Guo, Min-Li Li, Xiao-Bing Xu, Xin-Xin Jin, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Min-Li
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Bin Wang, Xiao-Wei Wu, Mei-Xia Guo, Min-Li Li, Xiao-Bing Xu, Xin-Xin Jin, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bing
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Bin Wang, Xiao-Wei Wu, Mei-Xia Guo, Min-Li Li, Xiao-Bing Xu, Xin-Xin Jin, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Bin Wang, Xiao-Wei Wu, Mei-Xia Guo, Min-Li Li, Xiao-Bing Xu, Xin-Xin Jin, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005395:Fish Oils; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B; C495347:Tlr4 protein, rat; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C568345:fish oil triglycerides; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D000681:Amylases
keywords: Cytokine; Lung injury; Nuclear factor-κB p56; Severe acute pancreatitis; Toll-like receptor 4; ω-3 fatty acids