title: PDV2 has a dosage effect on chloroplast division in Arabidopsis.
abstract: PDV2 has a dosage effect on chloroplast division in Arabidopsis thaliana , but this effect may vary in different plants. Chloroplasts have to be divided as plants grow to maintain an optimized number in the cell. Chloroplasts are divided by protein complexes across the double membranes from the stroma side to the cytosolic side. PDV2 is a chloroplast division protein on the chloroplast outer membrane. It recruits the dynamin-related GTPase ARC5 to the division site. The C-terminus of PDV2 and the C-terminus of ARC6 interact in the intermembrane space, which is important for the localization of PDV2. Previously, it was shown that overexpression of PDV2 can increase the division of chloroplasts in Arabidopsis and moss, so the authors concluded that PDV2 determines the rate of chloroplast division in land plants. PDV2 was also shown to inhibit the GTPase activity of ARC5 by in vitro experiment. These results look to be contradictory. Here, we identified a null allele of PDV2 in Arabidopsis and studied plants with different levels of PDV2. Our results suggested that the chloroplast division phenotype in Arabidopsis is sensitive to the level of PDV2, while this is not the case for ARC6. The level of PDV2 protein is reduced sharply in fast-growing leaves, while the level of ARC6 is not. The levels of PDV2 and ARC6 in several other plant species at different developmental stages were also investigated. The results indicated that their expression pattern varies in different species. Thus, PDV2 is an important positive factor of chloroplast division with an apparent dosage effect in Arabidopsis, but this effect for different chloroplast division proteins in different plants may vary.
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Qingqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Yiqiong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yajuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Jinglei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China. liuxiaomin@bjfu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9314-8615
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D018628:Gene Dosage; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D063245:Plant Development / Q000235:genetics; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: C502272:ARC6 protein, Arabidopsis; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C582963:plastid division protein PDV2, Arabidopsis
keywords: ARC6; Chloroplast division; Dosage effect; PDV2