title: Comprehensive gene and microRNA expression profiling reveals a role for miRNAs in the oncogenic roles of SphK1 in papillary thyroid cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The oncogenic roles of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) in various cancers, including thyroid cancer, have been well demonstrated. However, the microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the oncogenic roles of SphK1 remain largely unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Global gene and miRNA expression in TPC1-Vector and TPC1-SphK1 cells was analyzed using digital gene expression (DGE) analysis and small RNA-seq, respectively. miRNA-mRNA interactions were explored by microT-CDS, and the predicted networks were visualized using CytoScape®. Cell invasion and migration were assessed by performing Transwell invasion and wound-healing assays. Luciferase reporter and immunoblot assays were used to evaluate the targeting of fibronectin 1 (FN1) by miR-144-3p.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we found that overexpression of SphK1 differentially regulates the expression of 46 miRNAs and 506 mRNAs in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) TPC1 cells. Combining bioinformatics predictions of mRNA targets with DGE data on mRNA expression allowed us to identify the mRNA targets of deregulated miRNAs. The direct interaction between miR-144-3p and FN1, which mediates the pro-invasive role of SphK1 in PTC cells, was experimentally validated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that SphK1 overexpression drives a regulatory network governing miRNA and mRNA expression in PTC cells. We also demonstrated the roles played by miR-144-3p and FN1 in mediating the oncogenic function of SphK1, which enhanced the understanding of the etiology of PTC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Zhiwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Weiling
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, 74 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. wujh@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jueheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. ghongy@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guan
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009857:Oncogenes; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000235:genetics*; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase
keywords: FN1; Invasion; Papillary thyroid cancer; SphK1; miR-144-3p