title: Radiomic features for prostate cancer detection on MRI differ between the transition and peripheral zones: Preliminary findings from a multi-institutional study.
abstract: To evaluate in a multi-institutional study whether radiomic features useful for prostate cancer (PCa) detection from 3 Tesla (T) multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) in the transition zone (TZ) differ from those in the peripheral zone (PZ).
  
  
  
  3T mpMRI, including T2-weighted (T2w), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), were retrospectively obtained from 80 patients at three institutions. This study was approved by the institutional review board of each participating institution. First-order statistical, co-occurrence, and wavelet features were extracted from T2w MRI and ADC maps, and contrast kinetic features were extracted from DCE-MRI. Feature selection was performed to identify 10 features for PCa detection in the TZ and PZ, respectively. Two logistic regression classifiers used these features to detect PCa and were evaluated by area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). Classifier performance was compared with a zone-ignorant classifier.
  
  
  
  Radiomic features that were identified as useful for PCa detection differed between TZ and PZ. When classification was performed on a per-voxel basis, a PZ-specific classifier detected PZ tumors on an independent test set with significantly higher accuracy (AUC = 0.61-0.71) than a zone-ignorant classifier trained to detect cancer throughout the entire prostate (P < 0.05). When classifiers were evaluated on MRI data from multiple institutions, statistically similar AUC values (P > 0.14) were obtained for all institutions.
  
  
  
  A zone-aware classifier significantly improves the accuracy of cancer detection in the PZ.
  
  
  
  3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:184-193.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Shoshana B
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5764-8524
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algohary
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Shivani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pahwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gulani
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ponsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Hannu J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Aronen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Boström
authors.affiliation: Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Maret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Böhm
authors.affiliation: Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Anne-Maree
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.affiliation: Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Warick
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Delprado
authors.affiliation: Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Marley
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pulbrock
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taimen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ, New Hyde Park, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Villani
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stricker
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Manhattan, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Ardeshir R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rastinehad
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jambor
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Anant
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madabhushi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D038622:Internationality; D000069550:Machine Learning; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D015588:Observer Variation; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: magnetic resonance imaging; multi-institutional; prostate cancer; radiomics