title: Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Assessment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Transcatheter Arterial Chemo-Embolization: A Systematic Review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) are used to assess the response of hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization. Our aim was to perform a systematic review to compare CEUS and CECT for therapeutic response assessment to transarterial chemoembolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception until January 1, 2016.
  
  
  METHODS
  patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  transarterial chemoembolization and CECT vs CEUS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review. The total number of patients was 858 and the mean patient age ranged from 42 to 73 years. The mean tumor size ranged from 1.0 cm to 4.3 cm. The sensitivity and specificity of CEUS ranged from 46% to 100% and 65% to 100%, respectively, and that of CECT ranged from 34% to 87% and 92% to 100%, respectively. The accuracy of CEUS ranged from 72.6% to 100% and that of CECT from 61% to 94%. Marked heterogeneity was present among the studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CEUS is comparable with CECT for the therapeutic response assessment after transarterial chemoembolization.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. cjtai@tmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Cheng-Jeng
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Te
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Hsiung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chinese Medicine;Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Jei
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: Taiwan Indigena Botanica Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yeu-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital; Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Jia
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Jen
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Lei
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ray-Jade
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chiou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media