title: Brain network dysfunction in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder induced by simple uni-manual behavior: The role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex.
abstract: In an effort to elucidate differences in functioning brain networks between youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder and controls, we used fMRI signals to analyze brain network interactions of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) during visually coordinated motor responses. Subjects made a uni-manual response to briefly presented probes, at periodic (allowing participants to maintain a "motor set") or random intervals (demanding reactive responses). Network interactions were assessed using psycho-physiological interaction (PPI), a basic model of functional connectivity evaluating modulatory effects of the dACC in the context of each task condition. Across conditions, OCD were characterized by hyper-modulation by the dACC, with loci alternatively observed as both condition-general and condition-specific. Thus, dynamically driven task demands during simple uni-manual motor control induce compensatory network interactions in cortical-thalamic regions in OCD. These findings support previous research in OCD showing compensatory network interactions during complex memory tasks, but establish that these network effects are observed during basic sensorimotor processing. Thus, these patterns of network dysfunction may in fact be independent of the complexity of tasks used to induce brain network activity. Hypothesis-driven approaches coupled with sophisticated network analyses are a highly valuable approach in using fMRI to uncover mechanisms in disorders like OCD.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Karthik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramaseshan
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Phil
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Easter
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Dalal
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khatib
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Asadur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chowdury
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry and Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Vaibhav A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Diwadkar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult