title: Ultra-extended euthermic pulsed radiofrequency for the treatment of ophthalmic neuralgia: A case report with elaboration of a new technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pulsed radiofrequency although present for many years has been used little compared to ablative procedures for pain relief. Its use in trigeminal neuralgia is sparse and unreported in the ophthalmic division, where the possibility of sensory loss can lead to high morbidity. We wished to explore the potential of this reportedly safe modality for a prolonged duration in a highly sensitive anatomic neural location, however, in a very secure, structured, and staged manner.
  
  
  METHODS
  A patient suffering from ophthalmic division (V1) medically uncontrolled neuralgia with a preoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score of 9/10 was subjected to a percutaneous pain relief procedure. The patient was treated with prolonged duration pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) for 40 min, with corneal sensation monitoring under conscious sedation keeping a low voltage (7 V) and tip temperature at 37°C. The patient obtained immediate relief, which was verified on the operation table itself. Postoperative VAS score of 0/10 was recorded. More than 6 months after the procedure, the patient is completely free from neuralgic pain and continues to have a VAS score of 0/10.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As opposed to conventional PRF where mostly a tip temperature of 42°C and high voltage have been used for 2 to a maximum of 8 min, PRF with a tip temperature of 37°C and a safe voltage of 7 V over an ultra-extended duration of 40 min can give a more distinct and effective but equally safe result. Although our case verified the safety and efficacy of prolonged duration PRF in sensitive anatomic locations, more studies are warranted for establishing this as a standard line of treatment. The specific use of PRF in ophthalmic division neuralgia in the manner described in our case report has hitherto not been reported in medical literature and will open a new vista in the minimally invasive treatment of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nanavati Superspeciality and Navneet Hi Tech Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Mohinish G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bhatjiwale
authors.affiliation: King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth G. S. Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Mrudul M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bhatjiwale
authors.affiliation: Navneet Hi Tech Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Ami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhagat
keywords: Low voltage; ophthalmic; prolonged; pulsed-radiofrequency; trigeminal neuralgia