title: Societal Norms and Conditions and Their Influence on Daily Life in Children With Type 1 Diabetes in the West Bank in Palestine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the experiences of daily life in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their parents living in the West Bank in Palestine.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative study using thematic interviews was performed with 10 children with T1D and their parents (n=10). Content analysis was performed with the assistance of NVIVO 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall theme was facing the social reality of diabetes. This was underpinned by two themes: stigmatization and social constraints. Facing the social reality of diabetes described children and their parents' everyday life attempts to place themselves within the context of the disease and social context. Children and their parents described how stigmatization and social constraints impacted their daily life as a result of fear of disclosing the disease, which could affect their social status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings highlighted how daily life in children with T1D and their parents was highly affected by cultural impacts, especially as stigma related to the illness affected social interactions of female and male children/adolescents. Lack of knowledge and misunderstandings about T1D in society lead to negative consequences like poorer management of diabetes, and this becomes mediated by gender.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest health care providers need to be aware of the cultural and social impact of T1D on children's and parents' daily life in order to meet their needs and challenges by providing appropriate interventions, strategies and support.
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Health and Care Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Profession, Alquds University, Abu-Deis, Palestine. Electronic address: kelissa@staff.alquds.edu.
authors.forename: Kawther
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elissa
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Health and Care Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: ewa-lena.bratt@gu.se.
authors.forename: Ewa-Lena
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Bratt
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Health and Care Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: asa.axelsson@fhs.gu.se.
authors.forename: Åsa B
authors.initials: ÅB
authors.lastname: Axelsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Profession, Alquds University, Abu-Deis, Palestine. Electronic address: salam.khatib@staff.alquds.edu.
authors.forename: Salam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khatib
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Health and Care Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: carina.s-lundin@fhs.gu.se.
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sparud-Lundin
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008877:Middle East; D010287:Parent-Child Relations / Q000208:ethnology*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011788:Quality of Life; D018570:Risk Assessment; D066262:Social Norms / Q000208:ethnology*; D057545:Social Stigma
keywords: Child/adolescent; Chronic illness; Parents; Qualitative method; Type 1 diabetes