title: The Protective Effects of Probiotic Bacteria on Cadmium Toxicity in Rats.
abstract: One of the useful properties of probiotic bacteria is their capacity to bind different targets, thus eliminating them through feces. It is supposed that one of these targets could be cadmium, a widespread environmental toxicant that causes various disturbances in biological systems. This study examined the protective effects of probiotic supplementation against cadmium-induced toxicity in the rat. The experiment was conducted in the course of 5 weeks. Animals were divided into four groups: (1) controls, (2) probiotics treated, (3) cadmium treated, and (4) probiotics + cadmium treated. The cadmium concentration was measured in the blood, liver, kidney, and feces, as well as the blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as biomarkers of the liver function. Histomorphological changes in the liver and kidney were also determined. Our results revealed that probiotics combined with cadmium increase this metal concentration in feces. As a result, blood, liver, and kidney Cd levels, as well as blood ALT and AST activities were lessened compared to the rat group treated with cadmium only. Besides, probiotics consumed simultaneously with cadmium attenuated histomorphological changes in the liver and kidney caused by cadmium. The rise in lactobacilli number in feces of rats treated simultaneously with cadmium and probiotics results in strong correlation with the increase of Cd concentration in their feces and the decrease of Cd concentration in their blood. We speculate that probiotics actively contribute to cadmium excretion through feces, probably, by its binding to their bacterial cell wall.
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Sinisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Djurasevic
authors.affiliation: 2 Faculty of Science, University of Al Jabal Al Gharbi , Gharian, Libya .
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jama
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Nebojsa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jasnic
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Predrag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vujovic
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Milos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jovanovic
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mitic-Culafic
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knezevic-Vukcevic
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cakic-Milosevic
authors.affiliation: 3 Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ilijevic
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia .
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Djordjevic
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D000069978:Bifidobacterium longum / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000378:metabolism; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: blood; cadmium; feces; liver