title: Effect of mechanical debridement with and without adjunct antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of peri-implant diseases in prediabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are no studies that have assessed the efficacy of mechanical debridement (MD) with and without adjunct antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of periimplant diseases in patients with prediabetes. The aim of the present 6-month follow-up study was to assess the effect of MD with and without adjunct aPDT in the treatment of periimplant diseases in patients with prediabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment: wise, patients were divided into 2 groups: (a) test-group (n=30): patients underwent MD+aPDT; and (b) control group (n=30): patients underwent MD alone. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and periimplant bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) ≥4mm were measured at baseline and after 3 and 6 months in both groups. Group comparisons were performed using the Kruskall-Wallis test and for multiple comparisons Bonferroni post hoc test was used. Level of significance was set at P<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty individuals (30 in the test-group and 30 in the control-group) were included. At 3-months follow-up, BOP and PD ≥4mm were statistically significantly higher in the control-group compared with the test-group. At-6-months follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in BOP and PD ≥4mm between the test and control-groups. At 6-months follow-up, BOP and PD ≥4mm in the test- and control-groups were comparable to their respective values at 3-months follow-up. HbA1c levels were comparable in all groups at all time intervals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the short-term, MD with adjunct aPDT is more effective in the treatment of periimplant inflammation compared to MD alone in prediabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: tajabbar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abduljabbar
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003646:Debridement / Q000379:methods*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D010640:Phenothiazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D010640:Phenothiazines; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C031637:phenothiazine
keywords: Bleeding on probing; Gingival inflammation; Non-surgical periimplant therapy; Probing depth