title: Salmosan, a β-galactomannan-rich product, in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum contributes to restore intestinal epithelial barrier function by modulation of cytokine production.
abstract: Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOSs) are mannose-rich substrates with several intestinal health-promoting properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential capacity of Salmosan (S-βGM), a β-galactomannan-rich MOS product, to restore epithelial barrier function independently from its capacity to reduce bacterial invasion. In addition, the combination of S-βGM with the proven probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) was also tested. Paracellular permeability was assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in co-cultures of Caco-2 cells and macrophages (differentiated from THP-1 cells) stimulated with LPS of Salmonella Enteritidis and in Caco-2 cell cultures stimulated with TNF-α in the absence or presence of 500 μg/ml S-βGM, LP (MOI 10) or a combination of both. In both culture models, TER was significantly reduced up to 25% by LPS or TNF-α stimulation, and the addition of S-βGM or LP alone did not modify TER, whereas the combination of both restored TER to values of nonstimulated cells. Under LPS stimulation, TNF-α production was significantly increased by 10-fold, whereas IL-10 and IL-6 levels were not modified. The combination of S-βGM and LP reduced TNF-α production to nonstimulated cell values and significantly increased IL-10 and IL-6 levels (5- and 7.5-fold, respectively). Moreover, S-βGM has the capacity to induce an increase of fivefold in LP growth. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that S-βGM in combination with LP protects epithelial barrier function by modulation of cytokine secretion, thus giving an additional value to this MOS as a potential symbiotic.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona.
authors.forename: M Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Brufau
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campo-Sabariz
authors.affiliation: Industrial Técnica Pecuaria S.A. (ITPSA), Barcelona.
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carné
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona. Electronic address: raquelmartin@ub.edu.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín-Venegas
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D017097:Electric Impedance; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D005690:Galactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008351:Mannans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056692:Prebiotics; D019936:Probiotics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D058616:Synbiotics; D000074084:THP-1 Cells; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008351:Mannans; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D056692:Prebiotics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C012990:galactomannan; D016753:Interleukin-10; D005690:Galactose
keywords: Caco-2 cells; Lactobacillus plantarum; MOS; Paracellular permeability; THP-1 cells; TNF-α