title: Photoinactivation of single and mixed biofilms of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species using Photodythazine®[corrected].
abstract: This study evaluated the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) mediated by Photodithazine®(PDZ) formulated in hydrogel, in the inactivation of mono and duo-species biofilms of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. Standardized suspensions of each strain were prepared and after biofilm formation, mono-species were treated with 150 and 175mg/L of PDZ for 20min (pre-irradiation time), and exposed to LED light at a dose of 37.5J/cm2(660nm). The duo-species biofilms (C. albicans+C. glabrata and C. albicans+C. tropicalis) were treated with 150mg/L of PDZ and light. Additional samples were treated with PDZ or light only, and the control did not receive any treatment. Next, microbiological evaluation was performed by spreading the cells on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and CHROMagar Candida for colony forming units (CFU/mL). Moreover, the total biomass of biofilm was verified using the crystal violet staining assay (CV). The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc (α=0.05). The use of PDZ 150mg/L promoted a reduction of 1.0, 1.2, 1.5 log10in the viability of C. glabrata, C. albicans and C. tropicalis, respectively. The same concentration reduced in 1.0 log10the viability of each species grown as duo-species biofilms. The crystal violet assay showed that the use of 150mg/L reduced 24.4%, 39.2% and 43.7% of the total biomass of C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata, respectively. aPDT did not reduce the total biomass to the duo-species biofilms. Thus, PDZ-mediated aPDT was more effective in the inactivation of mono-species biofilms of Candida spp. compared with duo-species biofilm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá, 1680, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: cabrini.juliana@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Juliana Cabrini
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Carmello
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá, 1680, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: fernandaa.odonto@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá, 1680, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: ewerton_mima@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira
authors.initials: EGO
authors.lastname: Mima
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá, 1680, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: janainahj@bol.com.br.
authors.forename: Janaina Habib
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.affiliation: Physics Institute of São Carlos, USP - Univ. de São Paulo, PO Box 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: vander@ifsc.usp.br.
authors.forename: Vanderlei Salvador
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Bagnato
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá, 1680, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: pavarina@foar.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Ana Cláudia
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pavarina
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D018533:Biomass; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C047635:N-methylglucosamine; D005944:Glucosamine
keywords: Candida species; Photodynamic therapy; Photosensitizer agent