title: Paired Associative Stimulation Using Brain-Computer Interfaces for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study.
abstract: Conventional therapies do not provide paralyzed patients with closed-loop sensorimotor integration for motor rehabilitation. Paired associative stimulation (PAS) uses brain-computer interface (BCI) technology to monitor patients' movement imagery in real-time, and utilizes the information to control functional electrical stimulation (FES) and bar feedback for complete sensorimotor closed loop. To realize this approach, we introduce the recoveriX system, a hardware and software platform for PAS. After 10 sessions of recoveriX training, one stroke patient partially regained control of dorsiflexion in her paretic wrist. A controlled group study is planned with a new version of the recoveriX system, which will use a new FES system and an avatar instead of bar feedback.
authors.affiliation: g.tec medical engineering GmbH , Schiedlberg, Austria.
authors.forename: Woosang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: g.tec medical engineering GmbH , Schiedlberg, Austria.
authors.forename: Nikolaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sabathiel
authors.affiliation: g.tec medical engineering GmbH , Schiedlberg, Austria.
authors.forename: Rupert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ortner
authors.affiliation: g.tec medical engineering GmbH , Schiedlberg, Austria.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lechner
authors.affiliation: Guger Technologies OG , Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Danut C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Irimia
authors.affiliation: g.tec medical engineering GmbH , Schiedlberg, Austria.
authors.forename: Brendan Z
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.affiliation: Guger Technologies OG , Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Guenter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Edlinger
authors.affiliation: g.tec medical engineering GmbH , Schiedlberg, Austria.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guger
keywords: brain-computer interfaces; paired associative stimulation; stroke rehabilitation