title: The Presentation of Olfactory-Trigeminal Mixed Stimuli Increases the Response to Subsequent Olfactory Stimuli.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of (1) the addition of trigeminal stimuli to an olfactory stimulus and (2) the congruence in the odorous mixture after repeated odor presentation. Twenty-five normosmic volunteers were enrolled and presented stimulation blocks, consisting of three habituation stimuli (H) (orange odor), one dishabituation (DH) (control condition, orange odor; congruent condition, orange odor + CO2; incongruent condition, orange odor + l-isopulegol), and one dishabituated stimulus (D) (orange odor). Olfactory event-related potentials were analyzed. Response amplitudes differed significantly in the incongruent condition (N1P2 between H3 and D; peak to peak N1P2 at electrode positions Cz, Fz, and Pz; response amplitudes between H3 and DH). The addition of CO2modified the perception of orange odor, pronouncing a fruity note, whereas the addition of l-isopulegol as a DH pronounced the l-isopulegol note. This study provides evidence that incongruent trigeminal-olfactory stimulants increase the response to subsequent olfactory stimulus.
authors.affiliation: Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.|Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , University Hospital of Marburg, University of Giessen and Marburg , Marburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Walliczek-Dworschak
authors.affiliation: Takasago Europe Perfumery Laboratory S.A.R.L. , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poncelet
authors.affiliation: Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.affiliation: Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.
authors.forename: Ramona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baki
authors.affiliation: Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sinding
authors.affiliation: Takasago Europe Perfumery Laboratory S.A.R.L. , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warr
authors.affiliation: Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hummel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D012903:Smell; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adaptation; dishabituation; habituation; olfaction; smell; trigeminal nerve