title: Promotional effect of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on Gallstone disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Growing evidence indicates that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone disease (GD) share the same risk factors, and that NAFLD may be associated with the occurrence of GD. However, overall results remain controversial. The aim of this study is to perform a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between GD and NAFLD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) were queried, and observational studies that assessed the association between GD and NAFLD were selected. We pooled the prevalence of GD in participants with NAFLD, and compared the prevalence of GD in NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups in four trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve studies met our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of GD in cases with NAFLD was 17% (95% CI: 0.12-0.23). Compared with the non-NAFLD group, NAFLD was significantly correlated with GD (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.23-1.59). Additional analyses reveal that participants in the GD group included more females (OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.36-2.79), were older (WMD: 6.61, 95% CI: 3.80-9.42), and had higher BMIs (WMD: 1.63, 95% CI: 0.62-2.65) in the population with NAFLD, compared to the non-GD group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GD prevalence in NAFLD patients is higher than that in the general population. Furthermore, the occurrence of GD is significantly associated with the female sex, age and BMI in NAFLD patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR, China. yangqinbing@126.com.
authors.forename: Sha Sha
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jiao Jiao
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Xi Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Si
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Li Fan
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ya Qin
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Qin Bing
authors.initials: QB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Huai Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D042882:Gallstones / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors