title: Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect of Dental Luting Cements on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus: An In vitro Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the antibacterial activity of six types of dental luting cements on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus using the agar diffusion test (ADT) and the direct-contact test (DCT). The antibacterial activity in ADT was measured based on the diameter of the zone of inhibition formed, whereas in DCT the density of the bacterial suspension was measured. The lower the density of the suspension, the more antibacterial activity the cement possesses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Agar diffusion test was carried out on the bacteria. After an incubation period of 24 hours, the plates were checked for the presence of zone of inhibition. In DCT the cement was mixed and applied. Once the cement was set, bacterial suspension and brain-heart infusion medium was poured and incubated for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the plate was placed in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate reader, which measured the optical density of the fluid. The first set of data was recorded approximately 1 hour after incubation. Overall, three sets of data were recorded. Additional experiments were performed on set test materials that were allowed to age for 24 hours, 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When using ADT only two cements zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and zinc polycarboxylate (ZPC) cement showed antibacterial activity against the test organisms. When using DCT, all cements showed some amount of antibacterial activity. Zinc oxide eugenol and ZPC cement showed highest amount of antibacterial activity against S. mutans and L. acidophilus respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of study, ZOE cement and ZPC cement were most effective against the tested microorganisms followed by the newer resin cement. The glass ionomer cement was the weakest of all.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with high caries index can be treated more effectively using the abovementioned cements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966562793440, e-mail: feroz77777@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feroz
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Crown & Bridge, People's College of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhoyar
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000494:pharmacology; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000494:pharmacology; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects*; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000494:pharmacology; D015036:Zinc Phosphate Cement / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003738:Dental Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D019279:Resin Cements; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; D015036:Zinc Phosphate Cement
keywords: Agar diffusion test; Dental luting cements; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Zinc oxide eugenol Zinc polycarboxylate.