title: Low-cost GICs reduce survival rate in occlusal ART restorations in primary molars after one year: A RCT.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The high costs of the worldwide recommended GICs might be a barrier for the implementation of ART. To overcome this problem, low cost GIC are used even though there is a lack of evidence for the survival rate of restorations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the performance of low-cost GICs used on occlusal ART restorations after one year.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 150 primary molars in 150 children with occlusal caries lesions were selected in 4-8 year-old children. The patients were randomly allocated in three groups: G1-GC Gold Label 9 (GC Corp); G2-Vitro Molar (DFL) and G3-Maxxion R (FGM). All treatments were performed following the ART premises in school setting. Restorations were evaluated after 2, 6 and 12 months. Restoration survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank test and Cox regression was used for testing association with clinical factors (α=5%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  GC Gold Label 9 had better performance compared to the low-cost GICs (HR=1.47, CI=1.04-2.08, p=0.027). The overall SR of restorations was 65.33% and the SR per group was G1=77.55%; G2=61.11% and G3=42.55%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low-cost GICs have a poorer performance than GC Gold Label 9 in occlusal ART restoration in primary molars.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabel Cristina
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Olegário
authors.affiliation: Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anna Luisa de Brito
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Pinheiro
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: de Araújo
authors.affiliation: Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nathalia de Miranda
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ladewig
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Clarissa Calil
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Bonifácio
authors.affiliation: Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Carlos Pettorossi
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Imparato
authors.affiliation: Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: danielar@usp.br.
authors.forename: Daniela Prócida
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Raggio
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D057087:Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment / Q000379:methods*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C577194:Maxxion
keywords: Atraumatic restorative treatment; Dental caries; Glass ionomer cement; Primary teeth