title: Depression among Indian university students and its association with perceived university academic environment, living arrangements and personal issues.
abstract: The aim of the study is to ascertain the level of depression among university students across gender, academic stream, semesters, perception of family environment and relationship with parents, academic performance, and family income. In addition, the study examines the association between students' perceived university academic environment, living arrangements, personal issues, and depression. Seven hypotheses were formulated for verification. A total of 717 students were recruited following the multistage cluster sampling method, and data were collected by a specially designed structured questionnaire, academic achievement record and a standardized University Students Depression Inventory. Findings disclosed that 37.7%, 13.1%, and 2.4% of the students were suffering from moderate, severe, and extremely severe depression. A significant difference was found across semester, that is, semester II students reported a higher level of depression than semester III students. So far as academic stream is concerned, students from humanities and social science were found to be suffering from more depression compared to students from science and management streams. The study further disclosed that the students who reported positive views about the university academic environment and living arrangements had lower level of depression compared to their counterparts. Personal resilience's such as being able to sharing personal problems with others and doing regular exercise were found to be associated with positive mental health. The findings of the study emphasize the need for immediate mental health support services for about 15.6% of the students who were either suffering from severe or extremely severe depression at the University.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University (A Central University), R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India; Dept. of Statistics, Pondicherry University (A Central University), R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India; School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. Electronic address: sibnath23@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sibnath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deb
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University (A Central University), R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
authors.forename: Parveen R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Banu
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University (A Central University), R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
authors.forename: Shinto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Statistics, Pondicherry University (A Central University), R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
authors.forename: R Vishnu
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Vardhan
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Statistics, Pondicherry University (A Central University), R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
authors.forename: P Tirupathi
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Nigar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khawaja
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Depression; Living arrangements in university; Mental health; University academic environment; University students