title: Analysis of Anthrax Immune Globulin Intravenous with Antimicrobial Treatment in Injection Drug Users, Scotland, 2009-2010.
abstract: We studied anthrax immune globulin intravenous (AIG-IV) use from a 2009-2010 outbreak of Bacillus anthracis soft tissue infection in injection drug users in Scotland, UK, and we compared findings from 15 AIG-IV recipients with findings from 28 nonrecipients. Death rates did not differ significantly between recipients and nonrecipients (33% vs. 21%). However, whereas only 8 (27%) of 30 patients at low risk for death (admission sequential organ failure assessment score of 0-5) received AIG-IV, 7 (54%) of the 13 patients at high risk for death (sequential organ failure assessment score of 6-11) received treatment. AIG-IV recipients had surgery more often and, among survivors, had longer hospital stays than did nonrecipients. AIG-IV recipients were sicker than nonrecipients. This difference and the small number of higher risk patients confound assessment of AIG-IV effectiveness in this outbreak.
authors.forename: Xizhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Leisha D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Nolen
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: Conrad P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: Anne E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hendricks
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shadomy
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bothma
authors.forename: Owen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Judd
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Bower
authors.forename: Peter Q
authors.initials: PQ
authors.lastname: Eichacker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000881:Anthrax / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000992:Antitoxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D055030:Drug Users; D005260:Female; D003932:Heroin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D018461:Soft Tissue Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C000609458:Anthrax Immune Globulin Intravenous; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000992:Antitoxins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D003932:Heroin
keywords: AIG-IV; Bacillus anthracis; Scotland; United Kingdom; anthrax; anthrax immune globulin intravenous; bacteria; infection; injection drug users; treatment