title: Lung inflation with hydrogen sulfide during the warm ischemia phase ameliorates injury in rat donor lungs via metabolic inhibition after cardiac death.
abstract: Hydrogen sulfide attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury when inhaled or administered intraperitoneally. This study investigated the effects of lung inflation with H2S during the warm ischemia phase on lung grafts from rat donors after cardiac death.
  
  
  
  One hour after cardiac death, donor lungs were inflated in situ for 2 h with either O2or H2S (O2or H2S group) during the warm ischemia phase or were deflated as a control procedure (n = 8). After 3 h of cold preservation, lung transplantation was performed. During the warm ischemia phase, the metabolism and mitochondrial structures of donor lungs were analyzed. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed on the recipients. Protein expression in the graft of nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf)2 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was analyzed by Western blotting, and static compliance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis were assessed after 3 h of reperfusion.
  
  
  
  When the O2and H2S groups were compared with the control group, the mitochondrial structures were improved, and lactic acid levels, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis were significantly decreased; and glucose levels, as well as graft oxygenation and static compliance were increased. Simultaneously, the above indices showed further improvements, and the Nrf2 protein expression was significantly greater, and NF-κB protein expression was less in the H2S group than the O2group.
  
  
  
  Lung inflation with H2S during the warm ischemia phase inhibited metabolism in donor lungs via mitochondrial protection, attenuated graft ischemic-reperfusion injury, and improved graft function through NF-κB-dependent anti-inflammatory and Nrf2-dependent antioxidative and antiapoptotic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and the Hei Longjiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and the Hei Longjiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Sihua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and the Hei Longjiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Jiahang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Jiyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. Electronic address: zhouhuacheng@163.com.
authors.forename: Huacheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003643:Death; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D052096:Warm Ischemia