title: [Non-viral sexually transmitted infections - Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostics and therapy : Part 2: Chlamydia and mycoplasma].
abstract: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common pathogen of sexually transmitted bacterial infections worldwide. Every year in Germany approximately 300,000 new infections are to be expected. Chlamydia infections occur nearly exclusively in the postpubertal period. The peak age group is 15-25 years. The infection usually runs an asymptomatic course and the diagnosis is made by nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAAT) often after chlamydial screening or if complications occur. For treatment of chlamydial infections oral doxycycline 100 mg twice daily over 7 days is initially used or alternatively oral azithromycin 1.5 g as a single dose is recommended. The sexual partner should also be investigated and treated. Genital Mycoplasma infections are caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum (pathogen of urethritis and vaginitis), Ureaplasma parvum (mostly saprophytic and rarely a cause of urethritis) and Mycoplasma hominis (facultative pathogenic). Mycoplasma genitalium represents a relatively new sexually transmitted Mycoplasma species. Doxycycline is effective in Ureaplasma infections or alternatively clarithromycin and azithromycin. Doxycycline can be ineffective in Mycoplasma hominis infections and an alternative is clindamycin. Non-gonococcal and non-chlamydial urethritis due to Mycoplasma genitalium can now be diagnosed by molecular biological techniques using PCR and should be treated by azithromycin.
authors.affiliation: Labor für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Partnerschaft Prof. Dr. med. Pietro Nenoff & Dr. med. Constanze Krüger, Mölbiser Hauptstr. 8, 04571, Rötha/OT Mölbis, Deutschland. nenoff@mykologie-experten.de.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nenoff
authors.affiliation: Beratungsstelle für sexuell übertragbare Krankheiten und AIDS, Gesundheitsamt Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manos
authors.affiliation: Abt. Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Landesuntersuchungsanstalt für das Gesundheits- und Veterinärwesen Sachsen, Dresden, Deutschland.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ehrhard
authors.affiliation: Labor für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Partnerschaft Prof. Dr. med. Pietro Nenoff & Dr. med. Constanze Krüger, Mölbiser Hauptstr. 8, 04571, Rötha/OT Mölbis, Deutschland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Paasch
authors.affiliation: Hautklinik des Klinikums der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Helmbold
authors.affiliation: Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik Oderland, Frankfurt (Oder), Deutschland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Handrick
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002689:Chlamydia / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D009174:Mycoplasma / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D004318:Doxycycline
keywords: Chlamydia trachomatis; Doxycycline; Mycoplasma genitalium; Mycoplasma hominis; Ureaplasma urealyticum