title: Discovering Genome-Wide Tag SNPs Based on the Mutual Information of the Variants.
abstract: Exploring linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns among the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites can improve the accuracy and cost-effectiveness of genomic association studies, whereby representative (tag) SNPs are identified to sufficiently represent the genomic diversity in populations. There has been considerable amount of effort in developing efficient algorithms to select tag SNPs from the growing large-scale data sets. Methods using the classical pairwise-LD and multi-locus LD measures have been proposed that aim to reduce the computational complexity and to increase the accuracy, respectively. The present work solves the tag SNP selection problem by efficiently balancing the computational complexity and accuracy, and improves the coverage in genomic diversity in a cost-effective manner. The employed algorithm makes use of mutual information to explore the multi-locus association between SNPs and can handle different data types and conditions. Experiments with benchmark HapMap data sets show comparable or better performance against the state-of-the-art algorithms. In particular, as a novel application, the genome-wide SNP tagging is performed in the 1000 Genomes Project data sets, and produced a well-annotated database of tagging variants that capture the common genotype diversity in 2,504 samples from 26 human populations. Compared to conventional methods, the algorithm requires as input only the genotype (or haplotype) sequences, can scale up to genome-wide analyses, and produces accurate solutions with more information-rich output, providing an improved platform for researchers towards the subsequent association studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Abdulkadir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elmas
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.|Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tai-Hsien
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Ou Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.|Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2459-909X
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Anastassiou
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000379:methods*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid