title: NSAIDs Induced Regulation of Alternatively Spliced Transcript Isoforms: Possible Role in Cancer and Alzheimer Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alternative splicing is one of the post transcriptional modifications through which multiple mRNA isoforms are produced from any gene, also known as splice variants. These are expressed in tissue and developmental stage specific manner that are important during the development. Most human genes undergo alternative splicing, thus contributing to the diversity of proteins. However, many abnormal splicing processes may result in human diseases. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are medications that act as analgesics, anti-pyretics and antiinflammatory by affecting Cox genes and their products. Usually NSAIDs cause gastrotoxicity however, isozyme-specific NSAIDs exhibit a comparatively reduced gastrotoxic effect. Such NSAIDs have a broader range of application particularly as chemo-preventive drugs. It is known that changes at the active site of an enzyme may illicit a diverse range of responses. Such changes might explain the underlying reason as to why patients appear to respond differently to different NSAIDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  An extensive literature search has been carried out using Pubmed and web of science databases considering the papers in last 10 years mainly on alternative splicing and NSAIDs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have reviewed in detail the insight into the action of NSAIDs targeting specific isoforms of different genes. In future, the complete understanding of NSAIDs associated genes and their expression studies may be helpful in generating drugs with increased specificity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, A.M. University, Aligarh, U.P. 202002. India.
authors.forename: Mohammed Amir
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, A.M. University, Aligarh, U.P. 202002. India.
authors.forename: Sayeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ur Rehman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, A.M. University, Aligarh, U.P. 202002. India.
authors.forename: Tarique
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sarwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, A.M. University, Aligarh, U.P. 202002. India.
authors.forename: Hassan Mubarak
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ishqi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, A.M. University, Aligarh, U.P. 202002. India.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabish
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Alternative splicing; COX; KLF-4; NSAIDs; PKCβ1; PPARγ; Rac-1b; cancer