title: Seasonal Changes in Soccer Players' Body Composition and Dietary Intake Practices.
abstract: Devlin, BL, Kingsley, M, Leveritt, MD, and Belski, R. Seasonal changes in soccer players' body composition and dietary intake practices. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3319-3326, 2017-The aims of this study were 2-fold: to determine seasonal changes in dietary intake and body composition in elite soccer players and to evaluate the influence of self-determined individual body composition goals on dietary intake and body composition. This longitudinal, observational study assessed body composition (total mass, fat-free soft tissue mass, and fat mass) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and dietary intake (energy and macronutrients) via multiple-pass 24-hour recalls, at 4 time points over a competitive season in elite soccer players from one professional club in the Australian A-League competition. Self-reported body composition goals were also recorded. Eighteen elite male soccer players took part (25 ± 5 years, 180.5 ± 7.4 cm, 75.6 ± 6.5 kg). Majority (≥67%) reported the goal to maintain weight. Fat-free soft tissue mass increased from the start of preseason (55,278 ± 5,475 g) to the start of competitive season (56,784 ± 5,168 g; p < 0.001), and these gains were maintained until the end of the season. Fat mass decreased over the preseason period (10,072 ± 2,493 g to 8,712 ± 1,432 g; p < 0.001), but increased during the latter part of the competitive season. Dietary intake practices on training days were consistent over time and low compared with sport nutrition recommendations. The self-reported body composition goals did not strongly influence dietary intake practices or changes in body composition. This study has demonstrated that body composition changes over the course of a soccer season are subtle in elite soccer players despite relatively low self-reported intake of energy and carbohydrate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Brooke L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Devlin
authors.affiliation: La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kingsley
authors.affiliation: School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Leveritt
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Belski
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D001315:Australia; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult