title: Mycosarcoma(Ustilaginaceae), a resurrected generic name for corn smut (Ustilago maydis) and its close relatives with hypertrophied, tubular sori.
abstract: Ustilagois a polyphyletic genus of smut fungi found mainly onPoaceae. The development of a taxonomy that reflects phylogeny requires subdivision ofUstilagointo smaller monophyletic genera. Several separate systematic analyses have determined thatMacalpinomyces mackinlayi,M. tubiformis,Tolyposporella pachycarpa,Ustilago bouriquetiiandU. maydis, occupy a unique phylogenetic position within theUstilaginaceae. A previously introduced monotypic generic name typified byU. maydis,Mycosarcoma, is available to accommodate these species, which resolves one component of polyphyly forUstilagos.lat.inUstilaginaceae. An emended description ofMycosarcomais provided to reflect the morphological synapomorphies of this monophyletic group. A specimen ofUstilago maydisthat has had its genome sequenced is designated as a neotype for this species. Taxonomic stability will further be provided by a forthcoming proposal to conserve the nameUredo maydisoverLycoperdon zeae, which has priority by date, in order to preserve the well-known epithetmaydis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme (TPCP), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Private Bag X20, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa; Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre, LPO Box 5012, Bruce 2617, Australia.
authors.forename: Alistair R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: McTaggart
authors.affiliation: Plant Pathology Herbarium, Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, GPO Box 267, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Roger G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Shivas
authors.affiliation: CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity (CBS-KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam.
authors.forename: Teun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boekhout
authors.affiliation: Eberhard-Karls Universität, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oberwinkler
authors.affiliation: Herbarium Ustilaginales Vánky (HUV), Gabriel-Biel-Str. 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Kálmán
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vánky
authors.affiliation: Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Shaun R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pennycook
authors.affiliation: Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Geobotanik, ND 03/174, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Begerow
keywords: Pseudozyma; Ustilaginomycotina; model organism; name change; synapomorphy; taxonomy