title: Preparation and properties of cellulose nanocomposite films with in situ generated copper nanoparticles using Terminalia catappa leaf extract.
abstract: In the present work, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were in situ generated inside cellulose matrix using Terminalia catappa leaf extract as a reducing agent. During this process, some CuNPs were also formed outside the matrix. The CuNPs formed outside the matrix were observed with transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Majority of the CuNPs formed outside the matrix were in the size range of 21-30nm. The cellulose/CuNP composite films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic, X-Ray diffraction and thermogravimetric techniques. The crystallinity of the cellulose/CuNP composite films was found to be lower than that of the matrix indicating rearrangement of cellulose molecules by in situ generated CuNPs. Further, the expanded diffractogram of the composite films indicated the presence of a mixture of Cu, CuO and Cu2O nanoparticles. The thermal stability of the composites was found to be lower than that of the composites upto 350°C beyond which a reverse trend was observed. This was attributed to the catalytic behaviour of CuNPs for early degradation of the composites. The composite films possessed sufficient tensile strength which can replace polymer packaging films like polyethylene. Further, the cellulose/CuNP composite films exhibited good antibacterial activity against E.coli bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, KalasalingamUniversity, Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Muthulakshmi
authors.affiliation: Centre for Composite Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, International Research Centre, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, India; Biocomposite Technology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: rajiniklu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rajini
authors.affiliation: Research & Development Department, Bangalore Biotech Labs (BiOZEEN), Bangalore, 560077, India.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nellaiah
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, KalasalingamUniversity, Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kathiresan
authors.affiliation: Biocomposite Technology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: jawaid@upm.edu.my.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jawaid
authors.affiliation: Centre for Composite Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, International Research Centre, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: A Varada
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Rajulu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D018857:Food Packaging; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D019163:Reducing Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013718:Tensile Strength; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019163:Reducing Agents; D003300:Copper; D002482:Cellulose; C030973:cupric oxide
keywords: Cellulose; Characterization; Crystallinity; Green composite