title: Immunomodulatory Properties of Filamentous Fungi Cultivated through Solid-State Fermentation on Rapeseed Meal.
abstract: Water extracts from solid-state fermentation (SSF) on rapeseed meal using filamentous fungi exhibit interesting immunomodulatory activities in vitro. Immunomodulation was determined by the capacity of the compounds to activate blood neutrophils and to influence cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Among the strains tested, Aspergillus sojae mycelium and SSF extracts were the most promising in terms of enhancing the immune response. The filamentous fungus was also successfully cultivated in a pre-pilot bioreactor with forced aeration. The results indicated that the extracts not only activated blood neutrophils but also significantly modulated IL-1β cytokine levels with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated PBMC and BMDM without any cytotoxicity in immune cells. IL-1β was down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of A. sojae crude mycelium and SSF extract with PBMC, which indicated that there was an anti-inflammatory activity, whereas IL-1β secretion was up-regulated in the presence of stimulated BMDM with the highest concentration that was tested (100 μg/mL). The non-fermented rapeseed had no effect at the same concentration. SSF culture, as a natural product, may be a good source for the development of functional feed with an immunostimulating effect or could potentially be used in medicinal applications.
authors.affiliation: Welience, Plateforme de Prédéveloppement en Biotechnologies, site INRA, 17 rue de Sully, 21000, Dijon, France. stephanie.sutter@welience.com.|University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000, Dijon, France. stephanie.sutter@welience.com.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sutter
authors.affiliation: Groupe Avril-Direction Innovation, 11 Rue de Monceau, 75378, Paris, Cedex 08, France.
authors.forename: France
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Thevenieau
authors.affiliation: Groupe Avril-Direction Innovation, 11 Rue de Monceau, 75378, Paris, Cedex 08, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourdillon
authors.affiliation: Welience, Plateforme de Prédéveloppement en Biotechnologies, site INRA, 17 rue de Sully, 21000, Dijon, France.|University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Joëlle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Coninck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000737:chemistry*; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D012233:Rhizopus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; C508585:IL1B protein, human; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: Filamentous fungi; Immune cells; Immunomodulation; Rapeseed meal; Solid-state fermentation; β-glucan