title: Metal residues, histopathology and presence of parasites in the liver and gills of fourhorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus quadricornis) and shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius) near a former lead-zinc mine in East Greenland.
abstract: Fourhorn sculpins (Myoxocephalus quadricornis) and shorthorn sculpins (Myoxocephalus scorpius) have been considered suitable local bioindicators for environmental monitoring studies in the Arctic. Because these species share many characteristics, data from the two species have previously been pooled when assessing marine metal contamination. A chemical and histological study was conducted on fourhorn and shorthorn sculpins collected around a contaminated lead-zinc mine at East Greenland to investigate whether there were any differences in the residues of metals, histopathology and parasites in liver and gills between the two sculpin species. The results demonstrated that concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) were significantly higher in the fourhorn sculpins (p<0.001) while there were no significant differences for arsenic (As) or cadmium (Cd). Furthermore, density of blood vessel fibrosis (p=0.028), prevalence and density of chondroplasia (p=0.002 and p=0.005, respectively), number of mucin-containing mucous cells (p<0.001) and chloride cells (p<0.001) and mean intensity of colonial Peritricha (p<0.001) were significantly higher in fourhorn sculpin. Based on these results we suggest that pooling the two species when conducting environmental assessments is not recommended as it can lead to incorrect conclusions. We propose that a larger study investigating the biological effects of zinc-lead mining in Greenland is needed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rasmus
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nørregaard
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bach
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sonne
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Søndergaard
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gustavson
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aastrup
authors.affiliation: Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia. Electronic address: B.Nowak@utas.edu.au.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nowak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005880:Gills / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000469:parasitology; D006116:Greenland; D007854:Lead; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D008906:Mining; D010473:Perciformes / Q000469:parasitology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D015032:Zinc
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007854:Lead; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Bioindicator; Heavy metal; Histological change; Mining pollution