title: Antidiabetic activity of Embelia ribes, embelin and its derivatives: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: Embelia ribes (ER) has been documented in Ayurveda for treating various diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). The present systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of ER and its active bio-marker, embelin and its derivatives in the treatment of DM. Literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Scifinder, and Google Scholar. Using Review Manager, meta-analysis of ER/embelin/derivatives of embelin versus diabetic control was performed with inverse-variance model, providing mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was determined by I2statistic. A total of 13 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, and were conducted in experimental rats. ER and embelin significantly (P≤0.01) resorted blood glucose (MD, -231.30; CI, -256.79, -205.82; and MD, -154.70; CI, -168.65, -140.74) and glycosylated haemoglobin (MD, -6.36; CI, -8.33, -4.39; and MD,-4.68; CI, -7.76, -1.60), respectively. Meta-analysis findings also reported considerable restoration of insulin, lipid profile, haemodynamic parameters, serum and oxidative stress markers. The derivatives of embelin, 6-bromoembelin and vilangin, also improved diabetic condition. In addition, treatments also ameliorated body weight changes due to diabetes. The present systematic review and meta-analysis supports scientific evidence for the antidiabetic activity of ER/embelin/derivatives of embelin. However, further research is warranted in clinical trials to validate the present findings.
authors.affiliation: Independent Researcher, Bengaluru 560028, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: sharanabasappadurg@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sharanbasappa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Durg
authors.affiliation: Department of Quality Assurance, Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, Tumkur 572102, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Veeresh P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Veerapur
authors.affiliation: Vasavi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kadapa 516247, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Satrasala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neelima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, D.S.T.S. Mandal's College of Pharmacy, Solapur 413004, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Shivsharan B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Dhadde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D031645:Embelia; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Alloxan monohydrate; Blood glucose; Embelia ribes; Insulin; Meta-analysis; Streptozotocin