title: Oral mucosa and lung cancer: Are genetic changes in the oral epithelium associated with lung cancer?
abstract: To compare genetic aberrations in the oral epithelium of lung cancer patients with those without cancer.
  
  
  
  Buccal smears were performed to collect oral epithelium from each of the participants (smoker cancer patients n = 50, smoker control subjects n = 40, and nonsmoker control subjects n = 25). Cytogenetic changes in the samples were detected by micronuclei assay, whereas p53 and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  
  p53 codon 72 polymorphism was seen in 44% of cancer patients versus 12.5% in smokers and 12% in nonsmokers of the control group. Similarly, MDM2 single nucleotide polymorphism 309 polymorphism was seen in 34% of patients with lung cancer as opposed to 12.5% of smokers (P = 0.038) and 8% of nonsmokers (P = 0.019) of the control group.
  
  
  
  A higher proportion of individuals with lung cancer demonstrate genetic damage to oral mucosa compared to those without cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kömerik
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yüce
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Calapoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Koşar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çakir
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koparan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2