title: Epidemiology of Hospitalizations Associated with Invasive Candidiasis, United States, 2002-20121.
abstract: Invasive candidiasis is a major nosocomial fungal disease in the United States associated with high rates of illness and death. We analyzed inpatient hospitalization records from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project to estimate incidence of invasive candidiasis-associated hospitalizations in the United States. We extracted data for 33 states for 2002-2012 by using codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification, for invasive candidiasis; we excluded neonatal cases. The overall age-adjusted average annual rate was 5.3 hospitalizations/100,000 population. Highest risk was for adults >65 years of age, particularly men. Median length of hospitalization was 21 days; 22% of patients died during hospitalization. Median unadjusted associated cost for inpatient care was $46,684. Age-adjusted annual rates decreased during 2005-2012 for men (annual change -3.9%) and women (annual change -4.5%) and across nearly all age groups. We report a high mortality rate and decreasing incidence of hospitalizations for this disease.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Strollo
authors.forename: Michail S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lionakis
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adjemian
authors.forename: Claudia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: D Rebecca
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Prevots
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Candida spp.; United States; candidemia; epidemiology; fungal infections; fungi; hospitalizations; incidence; invasive candidiasis; opportunistic infections