title: Development of chitosan based gold nanomaterial as an efficient antifilarial agent: A mechanistic approach.
abstract: The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been synthesized biogenically by using black pepper (Piper nigrum) extract according to the principles of green chemistry in presence and absence of a biopolymer, chitosan. A comprehensive study (up to cellular level) on the antifilarial (against Setaria cervi) activity of AuNPs has been made for the first time with a view to use it clinically. The bioactivity of biopolymer capped biogenic AuNP increases significantly compared to simple biogenic AuNP. The biopolymer plays an important role in inspiring AuNP through its inherent positive charges and hydrophobicity. The developed nanomaterial boosts the production of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and misbalances the antioxidant parameters of parasites such as GSH, GST, GPx, SOD and catalase. The produced ROS ultimately induces oxidative stress, which leads to apoptotic cell death in filarial worms. The synthesized nanomaterials exhibit negligible toxicity towards human PBMCs. The present study may serve as a fruitful platform to explore biopolymer capped gold nanoparticles as efficient antifilarial therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India.
authors.forename: Swadhin K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India.
authors.forename: Maloy K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Mondal
authors.affiliation: Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India.
authors.forename: Debiprasad
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India.
authors.forename: Prajna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gayen
authors.affiliation: Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India. Electronic address: pranesh_02@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Pranesh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India.
authors.forename: Santi P Sinha
authors.initials: SPS
authors.lastname: Babu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001704:Biopolymers; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D006046:Gold; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D017182:Setaria Nematode / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D001704:Biopolymers; D006046:Gold; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Antifilarial activity; Antioxidant; Biogenic; Chitosan; Gold nanoparticle; ROS