title: Histologic and Tomographic Findings of Bone Block Allografts in a 4 Years Follow-up: A Case Series.
abstract: The aim of this paper is to report histologic and tomographic findings of fresh frozen bone block allografts bearing dental implants in functional occlusion in a long-term follow-up. Four patients with implants functionally loaded for 4 years on augmented ridges requiring additional mucogingival surgery or implant placement were included in this case series. Cone-beam tomography scans were compared volumetrically between the baseline (first implant placement) and current images. Biopsies of the grafts were retrieved and sent to histological analysis. Volumetric reduction of the grafts varied from 2.1 to 7.7%. Histological evaluation demonstrated well-incorporated grafts with different degrees of remodeling. While data presented in this report are from a small sample size and do not allow definitive conclusions, the biopsies of the grafted sites were very similar to the host's native bone. Remodeling of the cortical portion of the allografts seems to take longer than the cancellous portion. The presence of unincorporated graft remains did not impair the implant success or the health of the surrounding tissues. This is the first time histologic and tomographic long term data of bone allograft have been made available in dentistry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.|Department of Implantology, PUC-Rio - Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deluiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Implantology, PUC-Rio - Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciano Santos
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio Ramôa
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Justine Monnerat
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tinoco
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Muniz Barretto
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Tinoco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous