title: Microbial Modulation of a Uremic Toxin.
abstract: In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Devlin et al. (2016) identify a family of tryptophanases encoded by members of the human gut microbiome and demonstrate that levels of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate can be modulated in vivo by altering the abundance of bacteria harboring tryptophanase activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Skye
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Preventive Cardiology & Rehabilitation, Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. Electronic address: hazens@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Stanley L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hazen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007200:Indican / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D013559:Symbiosis; D014368:Tryptophanase / Q000378:metabolism; D014511:Uremia / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D014368:Tryptophanase; D007200:Indican