title: Cervical Cancer Screening Among Arab Women in the United States: An Integrative Review.
abstract: Arab American women are an ethnic minority and immigrant population in the United States with unique and nuanced sociocultural factors that influence preventive health behaviors. The aims of this article are to evaluate and synthesize the existing evidence on cervical cancer screening behaviors, as well as determine factors that influence these behaviors, among Arab American women. .
  
  
  
  Extensive literature searches were performed using PubMed, CINAHL®, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases; articles published through October 2015 were sought.  .
  
  
  
  Of 17 articles, 14 explicitly identified Arab and/or Muslim women and cervical cancer screening in either the title or the abstract; the remaining three focused on cancer attitudes and behaviors in Arab Americans in general but measured cervical cancer screening. Eleven articles reported different aspects of one intervention. Because of methodologic heterogeneity, the current authors synthesized results narratively. .
  
  
  
  Key factors influencing cervical cancer screening were identified as the following.
  
  
  
  Cervical cancer screening rates among Arab American women are comparable to other ethnic minorities and lower than non-Hispanic White women. Findings are inconsistent regarding factors influencing cervical cancer screening behaviors in this underrepresented group.  .
  
  
  
  Significant need exists for more research to better understand cervical cancer prevention behaviors in this group to inform culturally relevant interventions. Healthcare providers play a crucial role in increasing cervical cancer screening awareness and recommendations for Arab American women.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abboud
authors.affiliation: Cooper University Hospital.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Penning
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
authors.forename: Bridgette M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Brawner
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health and Science University.
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Glanz
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Marilyn S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sommers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018912:Arabs / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology
keywords: Arab American women; Pap test; cervical cancer screening; integrative review 