title: Preparation of Fucoxanthin-Loaded Nanoparticles Composed of Casein and Chitosan with Improved Fucoxanthin Bioavailability.
abstract: To facilitate the utilization of fucoxanthin (FX), a valuable marine carotenoid, in the food industry, FX-loaded casein nanoparticles (FX-CN) and chitosan-coated FX-CN (FX-CS-CN) were developed using the FX-enriched fraction from Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Two nanoscale particles (237 ± 13 nm for FX-CN and 277 ± 26 nm for FX-CN-CN) with spherical and smooth surfaces showed over 71% encapsulation efficiency and polydispersity index (PDI) value of 0.31-0.39 in water. Owing to the chitosan coating, FX-CS-CN showed a positive zeta potential (24.00 mV), whereas that of FX-CN was negative (-12.87 mV). In vitro simulated digestion demonstrated better FX bioaccessibility from the nanoparticles versus P. tricornutum powder (Pt-powder) and from FX-CN versus FX-CS-CN. However, in C57BL/6 mice, fucoxanthinol absorption to the blood circulation was two times higher for FX-CS-CN versus FX-CN, possibly due to increased retention or adsorption to mucin by the cationic biopolymer in the chitosan-coated particles. These results demonstrate that FX-CS-CN can enable the application of FX, with improved bioavailability and water dispersibility, in the food industry.
authors.affiliation: Systems Biotechnology Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products , Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Song Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: Systems Biotechnology Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products , Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Republic of Korea.|Department of Food Processing and Distribution, Gangneung-Wonju National University , Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Il-Kyoon
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Mok
authors.affiliation: Systems Biotechnology Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products , Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Systems Biotechnology Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products , Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Republic of Korea.|Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products , Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D017377:Diatoms / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D004337:Drug Carriers; D024341:Xanthophylls; C025164:fucoxanthin; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Phaeodactylum tricornutum; bioavailability; casein; chitosan; fucoxanthin; nanoparticles