title: Intraoperative Gastric Intramural Hematoma: A Rare Complication of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND Intramural hematomas primarily present in the esophagus or duodenum. We report a case of intramural hematoma in the gastric wall (GIH) secondary to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement in a setting of platelet dysfunction. CASE REPORT This case study reviews the hospitalization of a 73-year-old male with a history of chronic kidney disease who was admitted for coronary artery bypass graft surgery and mitral valve repair. During his complicated hospital course, he inadvertently required the placement of a PEG tube. His coagulation profile prior to this procedure was within normal limits. The patient had no history of coagulopathy and was taking aspirin 81 mg per day. PEG tube placement was withheld due to an expanding hematoma that was noted at the site of needle insertion in the gastric wall. A single dose of intravenous desmopressin (0.3 microgram/kilogram) was administered under the suspicion of uremic bleeding. No further gastrointestinal bleeding events were observed. A platelet function assay (PFA) and collagen/epinephrine closure time indicated platelet dysfunction. Three days later, we again attempted a PEG tube placement. His PFA prior to this procedure had normalized due to aspirin discontinuation and improvement of renal function. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed an area of flat bluish gastric submucosal bruising at the site of the previous hematoma. The PEG tube was placed successfully at an adjacent site. Over the course of the following month, the patient underwent uneventful feeding through the PEG tube. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, cases of GIH are rarely documented in literature. Multidisciplinary vigilance is required to maintain a high index of suspicion for this complication in patients with uremia or other coagulopathies to aid in prompt diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, Aventura, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Chi Chan
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, Aventura, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Sharmila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ravindranathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, Aventura, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Choksi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, Aventura, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Jestin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pudussery Kattalan
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, Aventura, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Uday
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Shankar
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, Aventura, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000295:instrumentation; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006406:Hematoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D010979:Platelet Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D013270:Stomach / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin