title: Assessment of phytotoxicity grade during composting based on EEM/PARAFAC combined with projection pursuit regression.
abstract: Improper treatment of organic waste may result in environmental pollution and harm to plant growth due to the high concentration of phytotoxin. Composting has widely been used for recycling organic waste and reducing phytotoxin to improve soil properties. Assessing the phytotoxicity grades of compost products is essential for achieving high quality compost to guarantee its marketability. In this study, a technique combined parallel factor (PARAFAC) of excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) spectroscopy with projection pursuit regression (PPR) was applied to improve the sensitivity of phytotoxicity assessment during composting. Results showed that composting reduced the concentration of phytotoxin, and increased the germination index (GI). Composts were divided into four grades based on GI values. Five components containing simple DOM (component C1 and C2) and complex DOM (component C3-C5) were successfully developed by PARAFAC. Correlation analysis between phytotoxicity, chemical indices and fluorescence components demonstrated that C1, C4, complex DOM, and the ratio of simple/complex DOM components were more suitable to assess phytotoxicity of composting products. These results revealed that PARAFAC/PPR enabled a rapid and accurate method to assess the phytotoxicity of compost materials for composting plant.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yang
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ni
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Qin
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Environmental Monitoring Center of Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Li-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China. Electronic address: weizimin@neau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zi-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000076282:Composting; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000009:adverse effects; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D045483:Rivers; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Compost; Excitation-emission matrix (EEM); Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC); Phytotoxicity; Projection pursuit regression (PPR)