title: Genetic Variations in Bilirubin Metabolism Genes and Their Association with Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia in Adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was undertaken to investigate the genotype and allele frequencies of the variants in the four bilirubin metabolism genes (UGT1A1, OATP2, HMOX1, and BLVRA) and their association with hyperbilirubinemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping of 17 genetic variants was performed in 115 adults with hyperbilirubinemia and 150 controls by PCR-RFLP, GeneScan analysis, and direct DNA sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genetic polymorphisms of the UGT1A1 promoter, specifically the T-3279G phenobarbital-responsive enhancer module and (TA)7 dinucleotide repeat, as well as the intron and coding region variants of the OATP2, HMOX1, and BLVRA genes, were significantly higher among the cases than the controls. Further, nearly 82% of the cases showed the presence of significantly four or more variants as compared to 37% of the controls (P < 0.0001) and the mean total serum bilirubin levels also increased according to the number of variants co-expressed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that polymorphisms in the bilirubin metabolism genes had a significant effect on bilirubin levels and could be genetic risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), K.E.M Hospital Campus, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Ashish S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Chiddarwar
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), K.E.M Hospital Campus, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Selma Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: D'Silva
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), K.E.M Hospital Campus, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Roshan B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Colah
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), K.E.M Hospital Campus, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Kanjaksha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), K.E.M Hospital Campus, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Malay B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005878:Gilbert Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D027381:Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008875:Middle Aged; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D055815:Young Adult; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme
chemical_list: D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D027381:Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human; C019789:biliverdin reductase
keywords: BLVRA; Gilbert Syndrome; HMOX1; OATP2; UGT1A1; polymorphism