title: The Vascular Impairment of Cognition Classification Consensus Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Numerous diagnostic criteria have tried to tackle the variability in clinical manifestations and problematic diagnosis of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) but none have been universally accepted. These criteria have not been readily comparable, impacting on clinical diagnosis rates and in turn prevalence estimates, research, and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Vascular Impairment of Cognition Classification Consensus Study (VICCCS) involved participants (81% academic researchers) from 27 countries in an online Delphi consensus study. Participants reviewed previously proposed concepts to develop new guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VICCCS had a mean of 122 (98-153) respondents across the study and a 67% threshold to represent consensus. VICCCS redefined VCI including classification of mild and major forms of VCI and subtypes. It proposes new standardized VCI-associated terminology and future research priorities to address gaps in current knowledge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VICCCS proposes a consensus-based updated conceptualization of VCI intended to facilitate standardization in research.
authors.affiliation: Dementia Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Olivia A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Skrobot
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.affiliation: Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Black
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease Center and Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DeCarli
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, HUS, Finland.
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erkinjuntti
authors.affiliation: Divison of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Rajesh N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Kalaria
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Florence, Area Drug and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pantoni
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and vascular cognitive disorders, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pasquier
authors.affiliation: Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Gustavo C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Memory Clinic at Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wallin
authors.affiliation: School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; CHeBA (Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing), Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Perminder
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sachdev
authors.affiliation: Center for Health and Ageing (AGECAP), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ingmar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Skoog
authors.affiliation: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ben-Shlomo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Passmore
authors.affiliation: Dementia Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Seth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Love
authors.affiliation: Dementia Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK. Electronic address: patrick.kehoe@bristol.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Patrick G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Kehoe
mesh_terms: D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000145:classification*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000145:classification*; D003697:Delphi Technique; D020407:Internet
keywords: Consensus; Criteria; Delphi; Guidelines; Vascular cognitive impairment; Vascular dementia