title: Fabrication of oxide layer on zirconium by micro-arc oxidation: Structural and antimicrobial characteristics.
abstract: The aim of this study was to cover the surfaces of zirconium (Zr) with an antimicrobial layer for biomedical applications. For this purpose, the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process was employed in a sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide containing base electrolyte with and without addition of silver acetate (AgC2H3O2). In general, synthesized MAO layers were composed of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and zircon (ZrSiO4). Addition of AgC2H3O2into the base electrolyte caused homogenous precipitation of silver-containing particles in the MAO layer, which exhibited excellent antibacterial efficiency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as compared to the untreated and MAO-treated Zr.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Sariyer, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fidan
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Sariyer, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Muhaffel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riool
authors.affiliation: International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, PL, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cempura
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Boer
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S A J
authors.initials: SAJ
authors.lastname: Zaat
authors.affiliation: International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, PL, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: A Czyrska-
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Filemonowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Sariyer, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: cimenogluh@itu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cimenoglu
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000254:growth & development*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D017640:Silicates; D012834:Silver; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D015040:Zirconium; C005691:sodium silicate; C028541:zirconium oxide
keywords: Antibacterial; Biomaterials; Micro-arc oxidation; Surfaces; Thick film