title: Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters.
abstract: We have compiled available records in the literature for medusozoan cnidarians and ctenophores of South America. New records of species are also included. Each entry (i.e., identified species or still as yet not determined species referred to as "sp." in the literature) includes a synonymy list for South America, taxonomical remarks, notes on habit, and information on geographical occurrence. We have listed 800 unique determined species, in 958 morphotype entries: 5 cubozoans, 905 hydrozoans, 25 scyphozoans, 3 staurozoans, and 20 ctenophores. Concerning nomenclatural and taxonomical decisions, two authors of this census (Miranda, T.P. & Marques, A.C.) propose Podocoryna quitus as a nomen novum for the junior homonym Hydractinia reticulata (Fraser, 1938a); Euphysa monotentaculata Zamponi, 1983b as a new junior synonym of Euphysa aurata Forbes, 1848; and Plumularia spiralis Milstein, 1976 as a new junior synonym of Plumularia setacea (Linnaeus, 1758). Finally, we also reassign Plumularia oligopyxis Kirchenpauer, 1876 as Kirchenpaueria oligopyxis (Kirchenpauer, 1876) and Sertularella margaritacea Allman, 1885 as Symplectoscyphus margaritaceus (Allman, 1885).
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Rua Arcturus, 03, Jd. Antares, 09606-070-São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil.. otto.oliveira@ufabc.edu.br.
authors.forename: Otto M P
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Thaís P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Enilma M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ayón
authors.forename: Cristina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cedeño-Posso
authors.forename: Amancay A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Cepeda-Mercado
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Córdova
authors.forename: Amanda F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Gabriel N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Genzano
authors.forename: Maria Angélica
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.forename: Hermes W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Mianzan
authors.forename: Alvaro E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Migotto
authors.forename: Lucília S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: André C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Morandini
authors.forename: Renato M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Karine B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: Miodeli Nogueira
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Júnior
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palma
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quiñones
authors.forename: Carolina S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scarabino
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schiariti
authors.forename: Sérgio N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Stampar
authors.forename: Valquíria B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Tronolone
authors.forename: Antonio C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Marques
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000818:Animals; D037302:Ctenophora / Q000145:classification*; D017753:Ecosystem; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D013020:South America
keywords: Amphibia, Distribution, Faunistics, Hydroids, Hydromedusae, Scyphozoans, Siphonophores