title: Gait and energy consumption in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a progressive growth disease that affects spinal anatomy, mobility, and left-right trunk symmetry. The disease can modify human gait.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to review articles describing the measurement of gait parameters and energy consumption in AIS during walking without any intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review.
  
  
  METHODS
  The search strategy was based on the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome method and included all relevant articles published from 1996 to 2015. Articles were searched in MEDLINE via PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and ISI Web of Knowledge databases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We selected 33 studies investigating the effect of scoliosis deformity on gait parameters and energy expenditure during walking. Most of the studies concluded no significant differences in walking speed, cadence and step width in scoliosis patients and normal participants. However, patients showed decreased hip and pelvic motion, excessive energy cost of walking, stepping pattern asymmetry and ground reaction force asymmetry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We lack consistent evidence of the effect of scoliosis on temporal spatial and kinematic parameters in AIS patients as compared with normal people. However, further research is needed to assess the effect of scoliosis on gait and energy consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Kodakyarst, Daneshjo Boulevard, Evin, Tehran 1985713834, Iran.
authors.forename: Aliyeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daryabor
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Kodakyarst, Daneshjo Boulevard, Evin, Tehran 1985713834, Iran. Electronic address: M.Arazpour@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mokhtar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arazpour
authors.affiliation: Loghman Hakim hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Guive
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sharifi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Kodakyarst, Daneshjo Boulevard, Evin, Tehran 1985713834, Iran.
authors.forename: Monireh Ahmadi
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bani
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Kodakyarst, Daneshjo Boulevard, Evin, Tehran 1985713834, Iran.
authors.forename: Atefeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aboutorabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Firuzgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Navid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Golchin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Energy consumption; Gait parameters; Scoliosis; Walking