title: The mountainous Cretan dietary patterns and their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors: the Hellenic Isolated Cohorts MANOLIS study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We carried out de novo recruitment of a population-based cohort (MANOLIS study) and describe the specific population, which displays interesting characteristics in terms of diet and health in old age, through deep phenotyping.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study where anthropometric, biochemical and clinical measurements were taken in addition to interview-based completion of an extensive questionnaire on health and lifestyle parameters. Dietary patterns were derived through principal component analysis based on a validated FFQ.
  
  
  METHODS
  Geographically isolated Mylopotamos villages on Mount Idi, Crete, Greece.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults (n 1553).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the participants was 61·6 years and 55·8 % were women. Of the population, 82·7 % were overweight or obese with a significantly different prevalence between overweight men and women (43·4 v. 34·7 %, P=0·002). The majority (70·6 %) of participants were married, while a larger proportion of women were widowed than men (27·8 v. 3·5 %, P<0·001). Smoking was more prevalent in men (38·7 v. 8·2 %, P<0·001), as 88·8% of women had never smoked. Four dietary patterns emerged as characteristic of the population; these were termed 'local', 'high fat and sugar, 'Greek café/tavern' and 'olive oil, fruits and vegetables'. Individuals more adherent to the local dietary pattern presented higher blood glucose (β=4·026, P<0·001). Similarly, individuals with higher compliance with the Greek café/tavern pattern had higher waist-to-hip ratio (β=0·012, P<0·001), blood pressure (β=1·015, P=0·005) and cholesterol (β=5·398, P<0·001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Profiling of the MANOLIS elderly population identifies unique unhealthy dietary patterns that are associated with cardiometabolic indices.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,School of Health Science and Education,Harokopio University,70 El Venizelou Avenue,17671 Athens,Greece.
authors.forename: Aliki-Eleni
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3379-0793
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Farmaki
authors.affiliation: 2Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute,Cambridge,UK.
authors.forename: Nigel William
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0510-4792
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Rayner
authors.affiliation: 2Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute,Cambridge,UK.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9735-4515
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matchan
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,School of Health Science and Education,Harokopio University,70 El Venizelou Avenue,17671 Athens,Greece.
authors.forename: Panagiota
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spiliopoulou
authors.affiliation: 2Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute,Cambridge,UK.
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3190-4358
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gilly
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,School of Health Science and Education,Harokopio University,70 El Venizelou Avenue,17671 Athens,Greece.
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kariakli
authors.affiliation: 5Anogia Medical Centre,Anogia,Crete,Greece.
authors.forename: Chrysoula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kiagiadaki
authors.affiliation: 5Anogia Medical Centre,Anogia,Crete,Greece.
authors.forename: Emmanouil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsafantakis
authors.affiliation: 2Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute,Cambridge,UK.
authors.forename: Eleftheria
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4238-659X
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zeggini
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,School of Health Science and Education,Harokopio University,70 El Venizelou Avenue,17671 Athens,Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dedoussis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Crete; Dietary patterns; Hellenic Isolated Cohorts; Isolated population