title: T2-weighted MRI-derived textural features reflect prostate cancer aggressiveness: preliminary results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic relevance of T2-weighted (T2W) MRI-derived textural features relative to quantitative physiological parameters derived from diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in Gleason score (GS) 3+4 and 4+3 prostate cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  3T multiparametric-MRI was performed on 23 prostate cancer patients prior to prostatectomy. Textural features [angular second moment (ASM), contrast, correlation, entropy], apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and DCE pharmacokinetic parameters (Ktransand Ve) were calculated from index tumours delineated on the T2W, DW, and DCE images, respectively. The association between the textural features and prostatectomy GS and the MRI-derived parameters, and the utility of the parameters in differentiating between GS 3+4 and 4+3 prostate cancers were assessed statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ASM and entropy correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with both GS and median ADC. Contrast correlated moderately with median ADC. The textural features correlated insignificantly with Ktransand Ve. GS 4+3 cancers had significantly lower ASM and higher entropy than 3+4 cancers, but insignificant differences in median ADC, Ktrans, and Ve. The combined texture-MRI parameters yielded higher classification accuracy (91%) than the individual parameter sets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T2W MRI-derived textural features could serve as potential diagnostic markers, sensitive to the pathological differences in prostate cancers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • T2W MRI-derived textural features correlate significantly with Gleason score and ADC. • T2W MRI-derived textural features differentiate Gleason score 3+4 from 4+3 cancers. • T2W image textural features could augment tumour characterization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. gabriel.nketiah@ntnu.no.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nketiah
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Mattijs
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elschot
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Teruel
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tom W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Scheenen
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.|St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Tone F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Bathen
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.|St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Kirsten M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Selnæs
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading / Q000379:methods*; D057234:Preoperative Period; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Apparent diffusion coefficient; DCE pharmacokinetic parameters; Gleason grading; Magnetic resonance imaging; Texture analysis