title: Effect of peripheral arterial disease on the onset of lactate threshold during cardiopulmonary exercise test: study protocol.
abstract: Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is widely used in preoperative assessment and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. The effect of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) on oxygen delivery (VO2) measured by CPET is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PAD on VO2measurements during CPET.
  
  
  
  We designed a prospective cohort study, which will recruit 30 patients with PAD, who will undergo CPET before and after treatment of iliofemoral occlusive arterial disease. The main outcome measure is the difference in VO2at the lactate threshold (LT) between the 2 CPETs. The secondary outcome measure is the relationship between change in VO2at the LT and peak exercise pretreatment and post-treatment and haemodynamic measures of PAD improvement (ankle-brachial index differential). For VO2changes, only simple paired bivariate comparisons, not multivariate analyses, are planned, due to the small sample size. The correlation between ABI and VO2rise will be tested by linear regression.
  
  
  
  The study was approved by the North West-Lancaster Research and Ethics committee (reference 15/NW/0801). Results will be disseminated through scientific journal and scientific conference presentation. Completion of recruitment is expected by the end of 2016, and submission for publication by March 2017.
  
  
  
  NCT02657278.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Key
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK.|Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.affiliation: Liverpool Vascular and Endovascular Service, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barkat
authors.affiliation: Liverpool Vascular and Endovascular Service, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Jayne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Snellgrove
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.|Liverpool Vascular and Endovascular Service, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK.|Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Torella
mesh_terms: D015308:Anaerobic Threshold; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012107:Research Design; D055070:Resistance Training; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: OXYGEN DELIVERY; PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT; REHABILITATION MEDICINE; VASCULAR SURGERY