title: Assessment of Myeloperoxidase and Nitric Levels around Dental Implants and Natural Teeth as a Marker of Inflammation: A Comparative Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dental implants form the mainstay of dental treatment involving rehabilitation of missing teeth. One of the major concerns for the clinicians doing dental implants is the postsurgical failure of dental implants. Success of dental implants is dependent upon the skills of the surgeon and the amount and quality of the bone remaining at the edentulous area where dental implant has to be placed. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitrites are few of the enzymes and molecules which are said to be altered in inflammation. However, their exact role in the inflammatory processes around natural tooth and dental implant is still unclear. Hence we comparatively evaluated the levels of MPO and nitrites in the areas around the dental implants and natural teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study comprises 42 patients who underwent prosthetic rehabilitation by dental implants from 2011 to 2014. Depth of probing value (DP), score of plaque index (SPI), gingival index (GI), and index of gingival bleeding time (GBT) were evaluated for the assessment of the periimplant soft tissue changes. Assessment of inflammation around the dental implant surface and around natural tooth was done based on the readings of these parameters. For the measurement of the MPO levels, spectrophotometric MPO assay was used. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean plaque index values were 1.56 and 0.97 in periodontitis cases of natural teeth and inflamed cases of dental implants respectively. While comparing mean plaque index, mean probing depth, and mean gingival bleeding index in between the two groups, significant difference was obtained. Mean MPO concentration in periodontitis and gingivitis cases in natural teeth were 0.683 and 0.875 U/μL, while in inflamed dental implant cases, the mean value was 0.622 U/μL. While comparing the total MPO levels, total nitrite levels, and total nitrite concentration in between two study groups, significant difference was obtained. On comparing the healthy and periodontitis cases in natural teeth, significant difference was obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the inflammatory processes occurring around dental implant and natural teeth, MPO and NO make some amount of significant contribution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study enforces on the role of MPO and nitrite as diagnostic and prognostic marker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, Kolhapur, Maharashtra India.
authors.forename: Gayithri H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Phone: +919023956789 e-mail: prashant_01pune@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jadhav
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, Kolhapur Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Hospital and Research Centre, Kolhapur, Maharashtra India.
authors.forename: Sachin V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Shinde
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Dentistry, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Yojana B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, Kolhapur, Maharashtra India.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005881:Gingiva / Q000378:metabolism; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000378:metabolism; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000032:analysis*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000378:metabolism; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis*; D014070:Tooth
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015921:Dental Implants; D009573:Nitrites; D009195:Peroxidase
keywords: Implants; Inflammation; Myeloperoxidase Nitrite.