title: Silver nanoparticles induce oocyte maturation in zebrafish (Danio rerio).
abstract: Public concern regarding silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the environment has been increasing since they can cause adverse effects in some aquatic species. However, few data are actually available on the effects of AgNPs on the germ cells. In the present study, we used the zebrafish ovarian follicle as a model to assess the potentially adverse effects of AgNPs on oocyte maturation (germinal vesicle breakdown, GVBD) in vitro. Similar to the maturation inducing hormone (17α, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one), AgNPs induced GVBD, and reduced the total cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in zebrafish ovarian follicles. The results from transmission electron microscope observation and Hoechst 33342 staining clearly indicated that AgNPs induced apoptosis in ovarian follicle cells surrounding the oocyte. Similar to AgNPs, AgNO3also induced GVBD, decreased cAMP concentration and induced apoptosis of ovarian follicle cells. However, the results from gene expression analysis showed that transcript levels of oxidative stress related genes were more sensitive to AgNPs than AgNO3. Further more, H2O2has an ability to induce zebrafish oocytes maturation by induction of apoptosis in ovarian follicle cells. Taken together, the results from our study indicated that oxidative stress appeared to be one of important mechanisms in AgNP induced apoptosis in ovarian follicle cells, which further triggered the GVBD.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China. Electronic address: chenshixi@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shi Xi
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiao Zhen
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China.
authors.forename: Chang-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Wan Shu
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012835:Silver Nitrate / Q000032:analysis; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D012834:Silver; D012835:Silver Nitrate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000242:Cyclic AMP
keywords: Apoptosis; Oocyte maturation; Ovarian follicle cells; Oxidative stress; Silver nanoparticles; Zebrafish