title: Detecting the existence of gene flow between Spanish and North African goats through a coalescent approach.
abstract: Human-driven migrations are one of the main processes shaping the genetic diversity and population structure of domestic species. However, their magnitude and direction have been rarely analysed in a statistical framework. We aimed to estimate the impact of migration on the population structure of Spanish and African goats. To achieve this goal, we analysed a dataset of 1,472 individuals typed with 23 microsatellites. Population structure of African and Spanish goats was moderate (mean FST= 0.07), with the exception of the Canarian and South African breeds that displayed a significant differentiation when compared to goats from North Africa and Nigeria. Measurement of gene flow with Migrate-n and IMa coalescent genealogy samplers supported the existence of a bidirectional gene flow between African and Spanish goats. Moreover, IMa estimates of the effective number of migrants were remarkably lower than those calculated with Migrate-n and classical approaches. Such discrepancies suggest that recent divergence, rather than extensive gene flow, is the main cause of the weak population structure observed in caprine breeds.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain.
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manunza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Vicente
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Landi
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta PMB 2240, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ayotunde
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adebambo
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta PMB 2240, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Muritala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ismaila
authors.affiliation: Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, La Laguna 38108, Tenerife, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Capote
authors.affiliation: Livestock &Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute Medenine, 4119 Médenine, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mabrouk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Ouni
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elbeltagy
authors.affiliation: Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shubra 11241, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Asmaa M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abushady
authors.affiliation: Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Salah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galal
authors.affiliation: Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
authors.forename: Ainhoa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferrando
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Ganadería. Diputación Foral de Bizkaia. Avda. Lehendakari Aguirre n° 9-2°, 48014 Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Races Autòctones, Servei de Millora Agrària, (SEMILLA-SAU), Son Ferriol 07198, Spain.
authors.forename: Agueda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.affiliation: University Mohammed V, Agdal, Faculty of Sciences, 4 Av. Ibn Battota, Rabat, Morocco.
authors.forename: Bouabid
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Badaoui
authors.affiliation: Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jordana
authors.affiliation: Departament de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Girona 17071, Spain.
authors.forename: Oriol
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.|Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amills
mesh_terms: D000352:Africa, Northern; D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D051456:Gene Flow; D006041:Goats / Q000235:genetics*; D013030:Spain