title: Impacts of Morphology, Natural Organic Matter, Cations, and Ionic Strength on Sulfidation of Silver Nanowires.
abstract: Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are being widely utilized in an increasing number of consumer products, which could release silver to aquatic environments during the use or washing process, and have received growing concerns on their potential risks to bio-organisms and humans. The present study demonstrated that AgNWs mainly experienced direct oxysulfidation by reacting with dissolved sulfide species (initial S2-concentration at 1.6 mg/L) to produce silver sulfide nanostructures under environmentally relevant conditions. Granular Ag2S nanoparticles were formed on the surface of the nanowires. The sulfidation rate constant (kAg) of AgNWs was compared with those of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at different particle sizes. It was found that the kAgpositively correlated with the specific surface areas of the silver nanomaterials. Natural organic matter (NOM) suppressed the sulfidation of AgNWs to different extents depending on its concentration. Divalent cations (Mg2+and Ca2+ions) substantially accelerated the sulfidation rates of AgNWs compared to monovalent cations (Na+and K+ions). At the same ionic strengths, Ca2+ions displayed the highest promoting effect among the four metallic ions.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yinqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Junchao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yongliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Liwen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lingyan
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9318-7940
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D053770:Nanowires / Q000737:chemistry*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D012834:Silver