title: Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Leucoma salicis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) and Comparison with Other Lepidopteran Insects.
abstract: The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Leucoma salicis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) was sequenced and annotated. It is a circular molecule of 15,334 bp, containing the 37 genes usually present in insect mitogenomes. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) are initiated by ATN codons, other than cox1, which is initiated by CGA. Three of the 13 PCGs had an incomplete termination codon, T or TA, while the others terminated with TAA. The relative synonymous codon usage of the 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) was consistent with those of published lepidopteran sequences. All tRNA genes had typical clover-leaf secondary structures, except for the tRNASer(AGN), in which the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm could not form a stable stem-loop structure. The A + T-rich region of 325 bp had several distinctive features, including the motif 'ATAGA' followed by an 18 bp poly-T stretch, a microsatellite-like (AT)7element, and an 11-bp poly-A present immediately upstream of tRNAMet. Relationships among 32 insect species were determined using Maximum Likelihood (ML), Neighbor Joining (NJ) and Bayesian Inference (BI) phylogenetic methods. These analyses confirm that L. salicis belongs to the Lymantriidae; and that Lymantriidae is a member of Noctuoidea, and is a sister taxon to Erebidae, Nolidae and Noctuidae, most closely related to Erebidae.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xuan
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Guo-Qing
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Cen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Shang
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Muhammad Nadeem
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bao-Jian
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chao-Liang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D018388:Codon, Terminator; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D009036:Moths / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D018388:Codon, Terminator; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012343:RNA, Transfer