title: Controlled release and intracellular protein delivery from mesoporous silica nanoparticles.
abstract: Protein therapeutics are promising candidates for disease treatment due to their high specificity and minimal adverse side effects; however, targeted protein delivery to specific sites has proven challenging. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have demonstrated to be ideal candidates for this application, given their high loading capacity, biocompatibility, and ability to protect host molecules from degradation. These materials exhibit tunable pore sizes, shapes and volumes, and surfaces which can be easily functionalized. This serves to control the movement of molecules in and out of the pores, thus entrapping guest molecules until a specific stimulus triggers release. In this review, we will cover the benefits of using MSN as protein therapeutic carriers, demonstrating that there is great diversity in the ways MSN can be used to service proteins. Methods for controlling the physical dimensions of pores via synthetic conditions, applications of therapeutic protein loaded MSN materials in cancer therapies, delivering protein loaded MSN materials to plant cells using biolistic methods, and common stimuli-responsive functionalities will be discussed. New and exciting strategies for controlled release and manipulation of proteins are also covered in this review. While research in this area has advanced substantially, we conclude this review with future challenges to be tackled by the scientific community.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Gauri V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Deodhar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Marisa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Brian G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Trewyn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019470:Biolistics / Q000379:methods; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008280:Magnetics; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity; D011506:Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011506:Proteins; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: Pore expanded mesoporous silica nanoparticles; Stimuli-responsive protein release; Therapeutic protein delivery