title: Transgenic modification of potato pectic polysaccharides also affects type and level of cell wall xyloglucan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genes encoding pectic enzymes were introduced into wild-type potato Karnico. Cell wall materials were extracted from Karnico and transgenic lines expressing β-galactosidase (β-Gal-14) or rhamnogalacturonan lyase (RGL-18). Pectic polysaccharides from the β-Gal-14 transgenic line exhibited rhamnogalacturonan-I structural elements with shorter galactan side chains, whereas the RGL-18 transgenic line had less rhamnogalacturonan-I structures than Karnico. Xyloglucan in primary cell walls interacts with pectin and other cell wall polysaccharides and controls cell growth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Xyloglucan extracts from transgenic lines had different levels of monosaccharides compared to wild-type. Most XXGG-type xyloglucans from Karnico and RGL-18 alkali-extractable extracts predominantly consisted of XXGG and XSGG building blocks. Karnico and RGL-18 4 mol L-1extracts had small proportions of the XXXG-type xyloglucan, whereas β-Gal-14 extracts also contained the XXXG-type xyloglucan. The peak ratios of XSGG/XXGG were 1.9, 2.4 and 1.1 for 4 mol L-1extracts of Karnico, RGL-18 and β-Gal-14 lines, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After transgenic modification on pectin, the xyloglucan building blocks may have been changed. The β-Gal-14 lines mostly present XXXG-type repeating units instead of the XXGG-type in 4 mol L-1extracts. The ratio of XSGG/XXGG repeating units also changed, indicating that the transgenic modification of pectin altered xyloglucan structure during plant development. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6700, AA, Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jie-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6700, AA, Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kortstee
authors.affiliation: UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dianka Ct
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Dees
authors.affiliation: UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Luisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Trindade
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6700, AA, Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gruppen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6700, AA, Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henk A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Schols
mesh_terms: D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014990:Xylans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014990:Xylans; C029353:xyloglucan; D010368:Pectins
keywords: Solanum tuberosum; cell wall polysaccharides; non-targeted modification; oligomers