title: Xanthine Oxidase Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.
abstract: This study investigated the relationship between serum xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity and the occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Serum XOD activity, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), uric acid (UA), albumin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), advanced glycation end products (AGE), total free thiols, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 80 T2DM patients (29 with and 51 without DPN), and 30 nondiabetic control subjects. Duration of diabetes, hypertension, medication, and microalbuminuria was recorded. Serum XOD activities in controls, non-DPN, and DPN were 5.7 ± 2.4 U/L, 20.3 ± 8.6 U/L, and 27.5 ± 10.6 U/L (p< 0.01), respectively. XOD activity was directly correlated to IMA, UA, BMI, HbA1c, and AGE, while inversely correlated to serum total free thiols. A multivariable logistic regression model, which included duration of diabetes, hypertension, AIP, HbA1c, UA, and XOD activity, revealed HbA1c [OR = 1.03 (1.00-1.05);p= 0.034] and XOD activity [OR = 1.07 (1.00-1.14);p= 0.036] as independent predictors of DPN. Serum XOD activity was well correlated to several other risk factors. These results indicate the role of XOD in the development of DPN among T2DM patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dijana J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7126-1625
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Miric
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
authors.forename: Bojana M
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3018-1186
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kisic
authors.affiliation: Clinics for Neurology and Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
authors.forename: Snezana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filipovic-Danic
authors.affiliation: Clinics for General and Orthopedics Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
authors.forename: Rade
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3344-5837
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grbic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ilija
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2292-7486
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dragojevic
authors.affiliation: Clinics for Neurology and Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
authors.forename: Marko B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Miric
authors.affiliation: Biochemical Laboratory, Medical Faculty, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia And Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Puhalo-Sladoje
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D012709:Serum Albumin; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014527:Uric Acid; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C561522:ischemia-modified albumin