title: Mislabelling of Döner Kebab Sold in Italy.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess whether Döner kebabs sold in Italy comply with legal labelling requirements. A checklist of EU labelling requirements was drawn up and nine labels of Döner kebab marketed in the province of Modena were collected to evaluate the mandatory information laid down in article 9 of Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 together with the mandatory requirements of Regulation (EC) 853/2004 for meat preparations. The study showed that different additives are commonly used in Döner kebabs, including E 621 (monosodium glutamate). This additive is not included among the ingredients authorized for themeat preparationfood category. Eight frozen Döner kebab samples were taken and a visual assessment and a histologic examination were performed to verify potential changes in the meat's inner muscle fibre structure that could allow the product to be considered among meat preparations or meat products. The Döner kebab labels showed several systematically deficient regulatory requirements in both extrinsic defects (not related to food composition) and aspects concerning the protection of consumers' health. Histological examination showed that the tissue was moderately swollen, but the muscle fibre structure was intact. Kebab can be reasonably classified as a meat preparation thereby precluding the use monosodium glutamate (E 621) as an ingredient.
authors.affiliation: Modena Local Health Authority, Carpi District , Carpi (MO), Italy.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liuzzo
authors.affiliation: Modena Local Health Authority, Carpi District , Carpi (MO), Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO) , Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giacometti
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO) , Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO) , Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serraino
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO) , Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mescolini
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO) , Italy.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Militerno
keywords: Additives; Döner kebab; Label; Mislabeling