title: Difference of Self-identity Levels between Strabismus Patients and Normal Controls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate differences in self-identity in patients diagnosed with strabismus, patients who underwent strabismus surgery, and healthy control individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-identity testing was done during a military service physical examination. There were three subject groups: subjects with strabismus (group 1), subjects who had undergone corrective strabismus surgery (group 2), and subjects free of strabismus (group 3). The self-identity test was comprised of six sub-sections (subjectivity, self-acceptance, future confidence, goal orientation, initiative, and familiarity). Statistical significance of the sub-sections was compared across the three groups. Correlations in age at the time of surgery and across the six sub-sections were investigated in group 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 351 subjects were enrolled in the study; 96 subjects were in group 1, 108 subjects were in group 2, and 147 subjects were in group 3. Significant differences were evident in subjectivity, self-acceptance, initiative and familiarity between groups 1 and 3. No significant differences were found between groups 2 and 3. In group 2, statistical significance was evident between age at surgery and initiative and familiarity (r = -0.333,p< 0.001; r = -0.433,p< 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-identity is greater in non-strabismus subjects than strabismus subjects. Correction of strabismus may increase self-identity levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheron
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Seongjae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Yongseop
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Inyoung
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Seongwook
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jongmoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jimyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012649:Self Concept; D013285:Strabismus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Adolescent; Self-identity; Strabismus