title: Thermoelectric Properties of Indium and Gallium Dually Doped ZnO Thin Films.
abstract: We investigated the effect of single and multidopants on the thermoelectrical properties of host ZnO films. Incorporation of the single dopant Ga in the ZnO films improved the conductivity and mobility but lowered the Seebeck coefficient. Dual Ga- and In-doped ZnO thin films show slightly decreased electrical conductivity but improved Seebeck coefficient. The variation of thermoelectric properties is discussed in terms of film crystallinity, which is subject to the dopants' radius. Small amounts of In dopants with a large radius may introduce localized regions in the host film, affecting the thermoelectric properties. Consequently, a 1.5 times increase in power factor, three times reduction in thermal conductivity, and 5-fold enhancement in the figure of merit ZT have been achieved at 110 °C. The results also indicate that the balanced control of both electron and lattice thermal conductivities through dopant selection are necessary to attain low total thermal conductivity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University of Science, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.|Faculty of Applied Science, University of Technology, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Nhat Hong
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Tran Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University of Science, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Truong Huu
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Ren
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aminzare
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University of Science, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Anh Tuan Thanh
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Ulsan , Ulsan 13557 Korea.
authors.forename: Sunglae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Deniz P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuei-Hsien
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research Development Institute, Program of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University , 680 Nittayo, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 74000, Thailand.
authors.forename: Tosawat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seetawan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Materials Science, University of Science, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Ngoc Kim
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Materials Science, University of Science, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Hanh Kieu Thi
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University of Science, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Vinh Cao
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University of Science, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.|Faculty of Materials Science, University of Science, Vietnam National University , HoChiMinh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Thang Bach
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Phan
keywords: Seebeck coefficient; crystalline IGZO thin film; dual doping; localized states; thermal conductivity