title: The superior regenerative potential of muscle-derived stem cells for articular cartilage repair is attributed to high cell survival and chondrogenic potential.
abstract: Three populations of muscle-derived cells (PP1, PP3, and PP6) were isolated from mouse skeletal muscle using modified preplate technique and retrovirally transduced with BMP4/GFP.In vitro, the PP1 cells (fibroblasts) proliferated significantly slower than the PP3 (myoblasts) and PP6 cells (muscle-derived stem cells); the PP1 and PP6 cells showed a superior rate of survival compared with PP3 cells under oxidative stress; and the PP6 cells showed significantly superior chondrogenic capabilities than PP1 and PP3 cells.In vivo, the PP6 cells promoted superior cartilage regeneration compared with the other muscle-derived cell populations. The cartilage defects in the PP6 group had significantly higher histological scores than those of the other muscle-derived cell groups, and GFP detection revealed that the transplanted PP6 cells showed superiorin vivocell survival and chondrogenic capabilities compared with the PP1 and PP3 cells. PP6 cells (muscle-derived stem cells) are superior to other primary muscle-derived cells for use as a cellular vehicle for BMP4-basedex vivogene therapy to heal full-thickness osteo-chondral defects. The superiority of the PP6/muscle-derived stem cells appears to be attributable to a combination of increased rate ofin vivosurvival and superior chondrogenic differentiation capacity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Growth & Regeneration Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Hongshuai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA; Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Aiping
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beckman
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA; Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Minakshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poddar
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Growth & Regeneration Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: MaCalus V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA; Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Johnny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huard