title: The Etiology of Basal Vacuolizations in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Evaluated in an Isolated Perfused Kidney Model.
abstract: To determine whether basal lipid vacuolization characteristic of ketoacidosis could be induced with short-term hypertriglyceridemia, adult Sprague Dawley rat kidneys were perfused in an isolated perfused kidney model with, and without, 11.3 mM (10 g/L) of triglycerides in Krebs-Henseleit buffer, for 1 and 2 h (n = 5/group). Additional treatments included perfusion with triglycerides with 20 mM of β-hydroxybutyrate and 2 mM of acetoacetate (n = 5) and perfusion with triglycerides with 70 mM of glucose (n = 1). Basal vacuolization was produced in all groups, but differed in morphology to that reported in postmortem studies. There was no further increase in vacuolization after 2 h of perfusion compared to 1 h (p = 0.24), and the addition of ketones did not alter the morphology or extent of vacuolization. This study using an ex vivo model has confirmed that isolated hypertriglyceridemia is sufficient to cause basal lipid vacuolization in renal tubular epithelial cells, but with different morphology to vacuoles observed in lethal ketoacidosis at autopsy.
authors.affiliation: The University of Adelaide Medical School, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA, 5005.|Forensic Science SA, 21 Divett Place, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA, 5005.
authors.forename: Andrea J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Yool
authors.affiliation: Forensic Science SA, 21 Divett Place, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.|School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA, 5005.
authors.forename: Roger W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Byard
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000090:Acetoacetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D010477:Perfusion; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000090:Acetoacetates; D014280:Triglycerides; C016635:acetoacetic acid; D005947:Glucose; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
keywords: basal vacuolization; forensic science; hyperlipidemia; isolated perfused kidney; ketoacidosis; nephrotic syndrome; subnuclear vacuolization