title: Distancing the present self from the past and the future: Psychological distance in anxiety and depression.
abstract: Humans show a systematic tendency to perceive the future as psychologically closer than the past. Based on the clinical hypothesis that anxiety would be associated more with future threat life events, whereas depression with past loss events, here we explored whether people with anxiety- and depression-related personality traits perceive differently the psychological distance of temporal events. Results showed that the common tendency to perceive the future as psychologically closer than the past is exaggerated in individuals with anxiety-related personality traits, whereas this asymmetry drastically shrinks in individuals with depression-related personality traits. Beyond substantiating the hypothesis that the past and the future are differently faced by people with depression- and anxiety-related personality traits, the present findings suggest that temporal orientation of one's self may be greatly altered in anxiety and depression.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan , Italy.|b Milan Center for Neuroscience , NeuroMI , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Locati
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parolin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan , Italy.|b Milan Center for Neuroscience , NeuroMI , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Girelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D061212:Memory, Episodic; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D010551:Personality; D010555:Personality Inventory; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anxiety-related traits; Depression-related traits; Past and future; Psychological distance; Representational asymmetries; Time perception