title: Vitamin D status in Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes and the role of vitamin D replacement in glycemic control.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association of low serum 25 hydroxy cholecalciferol (25OHD) levels with high glucose level and diminished insulin sensitivity suggests that vitamin D (VD) may modulate insulin metabolism. The aim of the study was to screen for vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and study the effect of VD supplementation on their glycemic control and insulin requirements.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study including 50 patients with T1D. VD level was assessed initially and after 3 months of VD supplementation (in those with VDD). HbA1c and insulin requirements were studied at 0, 3 and 6 months of supplementation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty patients with T1D were included with mean diabetes duration of 4.11±2.34 years. VD level ranged from 0.2 to 33 ng/mL. VD status correlated significantly with daily insulin dose (p=0.030, r=0.306) and HbA1c (p<0.001, r=0.243). Thirty-five patients (70%) had VDD and were allocated for VD supplementation for 3 months. The mean HbA1c improved significantly after supplementation (p=0.003), followed by a significant deterioration at 6 months with no change in their insulin requirements at 3 or 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VD was highly prevalent in Egyptian T1D patients. VD supplementation improved glycemic control at 3 months after therapy with no reduction in insulin requirements.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit, Cairo University, Cairo.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hafez
authors.affiliation: Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit, Cairo University, Cairo.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Lecturer of Pediatrics, Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit, Pediatric Department, Cairo University, Cairo.
authors.forename: Noha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, Cairo University, Cairo.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdel Atty
authors.affiliation: Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit, Cairo University, Cairo.
authors.forename: Sally Abdel
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Azim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014807:Vitamin D; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: 25OHD; glycemic control; type 1 diabetes; vitamin D supplementation