title: Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2, platelet-derived growth factor-β (PDGF-β), and PDGF-β receptor expression in papillary renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: The prognostic value of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-β, and PDGF receptor (PDGFR)-β in papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is unknown. A total of 145 patients, who were confirmed to have pRCC, were analyzed. Expression levels of molecular markers were assessed via immunohistochemistry. The median follow-up period for all patients was 52.0 (interquartile range, 34.5-90.5) months. Among the cohort of 145 patients, high VEGF expression was observed in 100 (69.0%) patients, whereas high expression of VEGFR2, PDGF-β, and PDGFR-β was observed in 64 (44.1%), 42 (29.0%), and 30 (20.7%) patients, respectively. Only patients with high VEGFR2 expression exhibited improved 10-year recurrence-free survival (85.3% versus 58.1%; P=.005) and cancer-specific survival (86.4% versus 70.1%; P=.014) rates compared with individuals who exhibited low expression. Multivariate analysis revealed that high VEGFR2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence (hazard ratio, 0.326; P=.006) and cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio, 0.334; P=.046). During follow-up, 17 patients received targeted drug therapy. Patients with high VEGFR2 expression showed a better initial response (partial response, 40%; stable disease, 20%; progressive disease, 40%) than patients with low expression did (partial response, 0%; stable disease, 58.3%; progressive disease, 41.7%; P=.052). pRCC with high VEGFR2 expression seems to be associated with a better initial response to targeted drug therapy and a better prognostic outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mooyoung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myungsun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myungchan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eunna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heounjeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Go
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yangsoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Mee
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX, United States 77030.
authors.forename: Jae Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ro
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In Gab
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheryn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Choung-Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hjahn@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Hanjong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001706:Biopsy; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009392:Nephrectomy; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000032:analysis*; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C000588866:KDR protein, human; C000605860:PDGFRB protein, human; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2
keywords: Papillary renal cell carcinoma; Platelet-derived growth factor; Prognosis; Treatment response; Vascular endothelial growth factor