title: Apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes transcripts patterns of graphene in mice.
abstract: Recent studies showed that a large amount of graphene oxide accumulated in kidney and liver when it injected intravenously. Evaluation of lethal and apoptosis gene expression in these tissues, which are under stress is very important. In this paper the in vivo dose-dependent effects of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide nanoplatelets on kidney and liver of mice were studied. Balb/C mice were treated by 20mg/kg body weight of nanoplatelets. Molecular biology analysis showed that graphene nanoplatelets injected intravenously lead to overexpression of BAX gene in both kidney and liver tissues (P≥0.01). In addition these nanoparticles significantly increase BCL2 gene expression in both kidney and liver tissues (P≥0.05). Graphene significantly increase level of SGPT in groups 1 (220.64±13), 2 (164.44±9.3) in comparison to control group (P≤0.05). Also in comparison with control group (148.11±10.4), (P≤0.05), the level of SGOT in groups 1(182.01±12.6) and 2 (178.2±2.2) significantly increased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahmadian
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal, Avian and Marine Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: e.hashemy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 14588-89694, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Akhavan
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal, Avian and Marine Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shamsara
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Young Reaserchers & Elit Club, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran. Electronic address: a.farmany@usa.com.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farmany
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal, Avian and Marine Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza Daliri
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Joupari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D006108:Graphite
keywords: Apoptosis; Graphene; Kidney; Liver; Mouse