title: Biomedical optics centers: forty years of multidisciplinary clinical translation for improving human health.
abstract: Despite widespread government and public interest, there are significant barriers to translating basic science discoveries into clinical practice. Biophotonics and biomedical optics technologies can be used to overcome many of these hurdles, due, in part, to offering new portable, bedside, and accessible devices. The current JBO special issue highlights promising activities and examples of translational biophotonics from leading laboratories around the world. We identify common essential features of successful clinical translation by examining the origins and activities of three major international academic affiliated centers with beginnings traceable to the mid-late 1970s: The Wellman Center for Photomedicine (Mass General Hospital, USA), the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic (University of California, Irvine, USA), and the Medical Laser Center Lübeck at the University of Lübeck, Germany. Major factors driving the success of these programs include visionary founders and leadership, multidisciplinary research and training activities in light-based therapies and diagnostics, diverse funding portfolios, and a thriving entrepreneurial culture that tolerates risk. We provide a brief review of how these three programs emerged and highlight critical phases and lessons learned. Based on these observations, we identify pathways for encouraging the growth and formation of similar programs in order to more rapidly and effectively expand the impact of biophotonics and biomedical optics on human health.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612, United States.
authors.forename: Bruce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Tromberg
authors.affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Research Institute, Department of Dermatology, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.
authors.forename: R Rox
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Research Institute, Department of Dermatology, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United StatescMedical Laser Center Lübeck, Peter Monnik Weg 4, Lübeck 23562, Germany.
authors.forename: Reginald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Birngruber
authors.affiliation: Medical Laser Center Lübeck, Peter Monnik Weg 4, Lübeck 23562, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brinkmann
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612, United States.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Berns
authors.affiliation: Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology, 125 Nashua Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Parrish
authors.affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Research Institute, Department of Dermatology, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Apiou-Sbirlea
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000266:history / Q000458:organization & administration; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D061848:Optical Imaging; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000266:history / Q000458:organization & administration; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical / Q000266:history / Q000458:organization & administration