title: Assessment of the elderly's functional ability to manage their medication: a systematic literature review.
abstract: Background The evaluation of the elderly's ability to manage medication through the use of a validated tool can be a significant step in identifying inabilities and needs, with the objective of increasing their self-care skills, and promoting successful aging. Aim of the review To identify studies assessing the elderly's functional ability to manage their own medication. Method For the search strategy, the PICO method was used: P-Population (elderly), I-Instruments (tools for assessing medication management ability), C-Context (community) and O-Outcomes (functional ability to manage medication). The final search query was run in MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL Plus, ISI Web of Science and Scopus. The whole process was developed according to the PRISMA statement. Results The search retrieved 8051 records. In each screening stage, the selection criteria were applied to eliminate records where at least one of the exclusion criteria was verified. At the end of this selection, we obtained a total of 18 papers (17 studies). The results allow the conclusion to be drawn that studies use several different instruments, most of them not validated. The authors agree that medication management abilities decrease as cognitive impairment increases, even if a lot of studies assess only the physical dimension. DRUGS was the instrument most often used. Conclusion Older adults' ability to manage their medication should be assessed using tools specifically built and validate for the purpose. DRUGS (which uses the real regimen taken by the elderly) was the most widely used assessment instrument in the screened studies.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal. ana.advinha@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ana Margarida
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Advinha
authors.affiliation: Nursing School S. João de Deus, University of Évora, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811, Évora, Portugal.
authors.forename: Manuel José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Oliveira-Martins
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living / Q000523:psychology; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology*; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Aged; Functional ability; Geriatric assessment; Medication management; Systematic review