title: Local recording of biological magnetic fields using Giant Magneto Resistance-based micro-probes.
abstract: The electrical activity of brain, heart and skeletal muscles generates magnetic fields but these are recordable only macroscopically, such as in magnetoencephalography, which is used to map neuronal activity at the brain scale. At the local scale, magnetic fields recordings are still pending because of the lack of tools that can come in contact with living tissues. Here we present bio-compatible sensors based on Giant Magneto-Resistance (GMR) spin electronics. We show on a mouse muscle in vitro, using electrophysiology and computational modeling, that this technology permits simultaneous local recordings of the magnetic fields from action potentials. The sensitivity of this type of sensor is almost size independent, allowing the miniaturization and shaping required for in vivo/vitro magnetophysiology. GMR-based technology can constitute the magnetic counterpart of microelectrodes in electrophysiology, and might represent a new fundamental tool to investigate the local sources of neuronal magnetic activity.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Neuroscience, Information et Complexité (UNIC), FRE CNRS 3693, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.|Center for Neurophysics, Physiology and Pathologies, UMR CNRS 8119, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.affiliation: SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Trauchessec
authors.affiliation: SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.affiliation: SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Josué
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trejo-Rosillo
authors.affiliation: Unité de Neuroscience, Information et Complexité (UNIC), FRE CNRS 3693, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.|European Institute for Theoretical Neuroscience (EITN), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bartosz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Telenczuk
authors.affiliation: SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Elodie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Unité de Neuroscience, Information et Complexité (UNIC), FRE CNRS 3693, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bal
authors.affiliation: Unité de Neuroscience, Information et Complexité (UNIC), FRE CNRS 3693, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.|European Institute for Theoretical Neuroscience (EITN), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Destexhe
authors.affiliation: SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fermon
authors.affiliation: SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pannetier-Lecoeur
authors.affiliation: Unité de Neuroscience, Information et Complexité (UNIC), FRE CNRS 3693, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ouanounou
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008280:Magnetics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*