title: Interstitial Cystitis-Associated Urinary Metabolites Identified by Mass-Spectrometry Based Metabolomics Analysis.
abstract: This study on interstitial cystitis (IC) aims to identify a unique urine metabolomic profile associated with IC, which can be defined as an unpleasant sensation including pain and discomfort related to the urinary bladder, without infection or other identifiable causes. Although the burden of IC on the American public is immense in both human and financial terms, there is no clear diagnostic test for IC, but rather it is a disease of exclusion. Very little is known about the clinically useful urinary biomarkers of IC, which are desperately needed. Untargeted comprehensive metabolomic profiling was performed using gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry to compare urine specimens of IC patients or health donors. The study profiled 200 known and 290 unknown metabolites. The majority of the thirty significantly changed metabolites before false discovery rate correction were unknown compounds. Partial least square discriminant analysis clearly separated IC patients from controls. The high number of unknown compounds hinders useful biological interpretation of such predictive models. Given that urine analyses have great potential to be adapted in clinical practice, research has to be focused on the identification of unknown compounds to uncover important clues about underlying disease mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kind
authors.affiliation: University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Eunho
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: University of California, Berkerly, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Taeeun D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Zhenqiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Tack
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.|King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fiehn
authors.affiliation: University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jayoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D002087:Butyrates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006639:Histidine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002087:Butyrates; C121691:erythronic acid; D006639:Histidine