title: Myocarditis in different experimental models infected by Trypanosoma cruzi is correlated with the production of IgG1 isotype.
abstract: This study was designed to verify the relationship between IgG antibodies isotypes and myocarditis in Trypanosoma cruzi infection using mice and dogs infected with different T. cruzi strains. The animals were infected with benznidazole-susceptible Berenice-78 and benznidazole-resistant AAS and VL-10 strains. The IgG subtypes were measured in serum samples from dogs (IgG, IgG1, and IgG2) and mice (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b). The infection of dogs with VL-10 strain induced the highest levels of heart inflammation while intermediate and lower levels were detected with Berenice-78 and AAS strains, respectively. Similar results were found in mice infected with VL-10, but not in those infected with AAS or Berenice-78 strains. The AAS strain induced higher levels of heart inflammation in mice, while Berenice-78 strain was not able to induce it. Correlation analysis between myocarditis and antibody reactivity index revealed very interesting results, mainly for IgG and IgG1, the latter being the most exciting. High IgG1 showed a significant correlation with myocarditis in both experimental models, being more significant in dogs (r=0.94, p<0.0001) than in mice (r=0.58, p=0.047). Overall, our data suggest that IgG1 could be a good marker to demonstrate myocarditis intensity in Chagas disease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Escola de Medicina, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas & Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário, Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Patologia e Parasitologia Básica, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil. Electronic address: ivo.caldas@unifal-mg.edu.br.
authors.forename: Ivo Santana
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Caldas
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Patologia e Parasitologia Básica, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil.
authors.forename: Livia de Figueiredo
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Marcos da Matta
authors.initials: PMDM
authors.lastname: Guedes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Escola de Medicina, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas & Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário, Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Álvaro Fernando da Silva do
authors.initials: ÁFDSD
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lúcia Maria da Cunha
authors.initials: LMDC
authors.lastname: Galvão
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Escola de Medicina, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas & Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário, Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wanderson Geraldo de
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro, 80, Gameleira, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caldas
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Escola de Medicina, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas & Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário, Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Terezinha
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bahia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000662:veterinary; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000097:blood / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000662:veterinary; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; C009999:benzonidazole
keywords: Chagas disease; IgG1; Immunopathogenesis; Myocarditis; Trypanosoma cruzi