title: Strategic analysis of tuberculosis prevention and control actions in Brazil and Ethiopia: one size fits all?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed at conducting a strategic analysis of Tuberculosis prevention and control actions in Brazil and Ethiopia, looking at the potential of directly observed treatment short-course strategy (DOTS) and community DOTS in both countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review was conducted using PubMed, Medline-Ovid, EMBASE, and SCIELO databases. The reviewed terms were Tuberculosis, prevention and control and Brazil (or Brasil) or Ethiopia (or Etiopia). Study's eligibility included article's title or abstract in English or Portuguese and comprised the following Tuberculosis policy components: management; care; communication, and social mobilization; training and professional development; epidemiological surveillance, and monitoring and evaluation. The study identified, compared, and analyzed the challenges and recommendations reported in the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although DOTS was not able to address all the difficulties regarding Tuberculosis control and prevention, it contributes to overcome challenges identified in the literature review. Decentralizing DOTS in Ethiopia and implementing DOTS in Brazil were key recommendations to overcome problems of access and treatment default.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DOTS and Community DOTS cannot solve every identified Tuberculosis challenge, but together they complement each other. Both strategies need to be tailored to site's challenges.
authors.affiliation: Evaluation Laboratory (LASER), Department of Endemics, National School of Public Health, Fiocruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480/612, Manguinhos, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21.041-210, Brazil. giselacardoso@ensp.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Evaluation Laboratory (LASER), Department of Endemics, National School of Public Health, Fiocruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480/612, Manguinhos, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21.041-210, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elizabeth Moreira
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Systems Management, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Ginjo Kebele, Jimma, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Yibeltal
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiflie
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Ginjo Kebele, Jimma, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Kifle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Woldemichael
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Gustavus Adolphus College, 800 College Avenue, St. Peter, MN, 56082, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Science, Center for Global Health Equity, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Ste. 1191, TB 46, New Orleans, LA, 7012-2737, USA.
authors.forename: Wuleta
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lemma
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D005002:Ethiopia; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: Brazil; Ethiopia; Evaluation; Literature review; Strategic analysis; Tuberculosis