title: Fluorinated Graphene Enables the Growth of Inorganic Thin Films by Chemical Bath Deposition on Otherwise Inert Substrates.
abstract: Chemically modified graphenes (CMGs) offer a means to tune a wide variety of graphene's exceptional properties. Critically, CMGs can be transferred onto a variety of substrates, thereby imparting functionalities to those substrates that would not be obtainable through conventional functionalization. One such application of CMGs is enabling and controlling the subsequent growth of inorganic thin films. In the current study, we demonstrated that CMGs enhance the growth of inorganic films on inert surfaces with poor growth properties. Fluorinated graphene transferred onto polyethylene enabled the dense and homogeneous deposition of a cadmium sulfide (CdS) film grown via chemical bath deposition. We showed that the coverage of the CdS film can be controlled by the degree of fluorination from less than 20% to complete coverage of the film. The approach can also be applied to other technologically important materials such as ZnO. Finally, we demonstrated that electron beam-generated plasma in a SF6-containing background could pattern fluorine onto a graphene/PE sample to selectively grow CdS films on the fluorinated region. Therefore, CMG coatings can tailor the surface properties of polymers and control the growth of inorganic thin films on polymers for the development of flexible electronics.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Division, ‡Plasma Physics Division, §Electronics Science and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States.
authors.forename: Woo-Kyung
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-5336
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Division, ‡Plasma Physics Division, §Electronics Science and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States.
authors.forename: Sandra C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Division, ‡Plasma Physics Division, §Electronics Science and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States.
authors.forename: Jeremy T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Division, ‡Plasma Physics Division, §Electronics Science and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States.
authors.forename: Scott G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Division, ‡Plasma Physics Division, §Electronics Science and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States.
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Sheehan
keywords: cadmium sulfide; chemical bath deposition; chemically modified graphene; graphene; surface engineering