title: Dimensional structure of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress symptoms in Spanish trauma victims.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Confirmatory factor analytic studies have shown that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms included in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Disorders (DSM-5) may be better explained by two 6-factor models (the Externalizing Behaviours model and the Anhedonia model) and a 7-factor Hybrid model. The latter model comprises the symptom clusters of intrusion, avoidance, negative affect, anhedonia, externalizing behaviours, and anxious and dysphoric arousal. This model has received empirical support mainly in American samples. Of note, there have been a limited number of studies conducted on samples from other countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to examine the underlying dimensionality of DSM-5 PTSD symptoms in a Spanish clinical sample exposed to a range of traumatic events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 165 adults (78.8% females) seeking treatment in trauma services in the Madrid area (Spain). PTSD was assessed using the Global Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Scale 5, a Spanish self-report instrument assessing posttraumatic symptoms according to the DSM-5 criteria. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted in Mplus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the 7-factor Hybrid model and the 6-factor Anhedonia model demonstrated good and equivalent fit to the data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study replicate and extend previous research by providing support for both the 7-factor Hybrid model and the 6-factor Anhedonia model in a clinical sample of Spanish trauma survivors. Given equivalent fit for these two models and the fewer number of latent factors in the Anhedonia model, it was selected as optimal in a traumatized Spanish sample. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soberón
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; mcrespo@psi.ucm.es.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crespo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Mar Gómez-Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fernández-Lansac
authors.affiliation: Psychology Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: Cherie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Armour
keywords: DSM-5; Posttraumatic stress disorder; confirmatory factor analysis; latent structure; trauma