title: Molecular structure, functionality and applications of oxidized starches: A review.
abstract: During oxidation, the hydroxyl groups of starch molecules are first oxidized to carbonyl groups, then to carboxyl groups. The contents of the carbonyl and carboxyl groups in a starch molecule therefore indicate the extent of starch oxidation. The mechanisms of starch oxidation with different oxidizing agents, including sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, ozone and sodium periodate, are described in this review. The effects of these oxidizing agents on the molecular, physicochemical, thermal, pasting and morphological properties of starch are described as well. In addition, the main industrial applications of oxidized starches are presented. The present review is important for understanding the effects of oxidation on starch properties, and this information may facilitate the development of novel oxidized starches for both food and non-food applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, Brazil. Electronic address: nathanvanier@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Nathan Levien
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Vanier
authors.affiliation: Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Shanise Lisie Mello
authors.initials: SLM
authors.lastname: El Halal
authors.affiliation: Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alvaro Renato Guerra
authors.initials: ARG
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elessandra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: da Rosa Zavareze
mesh_terms: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry; D010504:Periodic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000737:chemistry; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D016877:Oxidants; D010504:Periodic Acid; D010126:Ozone; D013213:Starch; C009288:metaperiodate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
keywords: Hydrogen peroxide; Oxidation; Ozone; Sodium hypochlorite; Starch