title: Graphic support resources for workers with intellectual disability engaged in office tasks: a comparison with verbal instructions from a work mate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research into workplace adjustments for people with disabilities is a fundamental challenge of supported employment. The aim of the present work is to investigate the effect of several graphic resources as natural support for workers with intellectual disability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two case studies were conducted to assess the performance of five workers engaged in office tasks, with three different support conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results reveal a 20% increase in quality of performance of the tasks undertaken with graphic support as compared to support in which the participants received verbal instructions (VIs) from a work mate; and between 25 and 30% as compared to a control condition which included no help of any kind.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings are consistent with previous studies which support the possibility of generating, at low cost, iconic materials (with maps or simple graphics), which progressively facilitate workers' autonomy, without dependence or help from the job trainer. We observed that the worst performance is in the support condition with VIs, this shows the limitations of this type of natural support, which is provided on demand by work mates without specialist knowledge of work support. Implications for Rehabilitation We studied the use of various types of natural support for people with intellectual disability in their workplace. The findings suggest that, with some brief training, the simple use in the workplace of graphic help on a card can increase between 20 and 30% the quality of performance of certain work tasks carried out by workers with intellectual disability. This advantage contrasts with the high cost or lower "manageability" of other material resources of natural support based on the use of technology.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education , University of Extremadura , Badajoz , Spain.
authors.forename: María-Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Becerra
authors.affiliation: a Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education , University of Extremadura , Badajoz , Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montanero
authors.affiliation: a Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education , University of Extremadura , Badajoz , Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003142:Communication; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities; D003196:Computer Graphics; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D016832:Employment, Supported; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Intellectual disability; natural support; self-regulation; supported employment; training; visual support