title: Microwave Ablation for Lung Neoplasms: A Retrospective Analysis of Long-Term Results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the long-term safety and efficacy of microwave (MW) ablation in the treatment of lung tumors at a single academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review was performed of 108 patients (42 female; mean age, 72.5 y ± 10.3 [standard deviation]) who underwent computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous MW ablation for a single lung malignancy. Eighty-two were primary non-small-cell lung cancers and 24 were metastatic tumors (9 colorectal carcinoma, 2 renal-cell carcinoma, 4 sarcoma, 2 lung, and 7 other). Mean maximum tumor diameter was 29.6 mm ± 17.2. Patient clinical and imaging data were reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier modeling and logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Odds of primary technical success were 11.1 times higher for tumors < 3 cm vs those > 3 cm (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.97-41.1; P = .0003). For every millimeter increase in original tumor maximal diameter (OMD), the odds of not attaining success increased by 7% (95% CI, 3%-10%; P = .0002). For every millimeter increase in OMD, the odds of complications increased by 3% (95% CI, 0.1%-5%; P = .04). Median time to tumor recurrence was 62 months (95% CI, 29, upper bound not reached; range, 0.2-96.6 mo). Recurrence rates were estimated at 22%, 36%, and 44% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Recurrence rates were estimated at 31% at 13 months for tumors > 3 cm and 17% for those < 3 cm. Complications included pneumothorax (32%), unplanned hospital admission (28%), pain (20%), infection (7%), and postablation syndrome (4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study further supports the safe and effective use of MW ablation for the treatment of lung tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 593 Eddy St., Providence, RI 02903.
authors.forename: Terrance T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Healey
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 593 Eddy St., Providence, RI 02903.
authors.forename: Bradford T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: March
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 593 Eddy St., Providence, RI 02903.
authors.forename: Grayson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 593 Eddy St., Providence, RI 02903. Electronic address: ddupuy@lifespan.org.
authors.forename: Damian E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Dupuy
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012237:Rhode Island; D012307:Risk Factors; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden