title: Insights on wood combustion generated proinflammatory ultrafine particles (UFP).
abstract: This study aimed to collect, characterize ultrafine particles (UFP) generated from the combustion of wood pellets and logs (softwood and hardwood) and to evaluate their pro-inflammatory effects in THP-1 and A549 cells. Both cell lines responded to UFP producing interleukin-8 (IL-8), with wood log UFP being more active compared to pellet UFP. With the exception of higher effect observed with beech wood log UFP in THP-1, the ability of soft or hard woods to induce IL-8 release was similar. In addition, on weight mass, IL-8 release was similar or lower compared to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), arguing against higher biological activity of smaller size particles. UFP-induced IL-8 could be reduced by SB203580, indicating a role of p38MAPK activation in IL-8 production. The higher activity of beech wood log UFP in THP-1 was not due to higher uptake or endotoxin contamination. Qualitatively different protein adsorption profiles were observed, with less proteins bound to beech UFP compared to conifer UFP or DEP, which may provide higher intracellular availability of bioactive components, i.e. levoglucosan and galactosan, toward which THP-1 were more responsive compared to A549 cells. These results contribute to our understanding of particles emitted by domestic appliances and their biological effects.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: emanuela.corsini@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Corsini
authors.affiliation: DICA, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Senem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozgen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papale
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Galbiati
authors.affiliation: DICA, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lonati
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fermo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corbella
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluigi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valli
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bernardoni
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dell'Acqua
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Becagli
authors.affiliation: Mass Spectrometry Laboratory "Giovanni Galli", DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vecchi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Corrado L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marinovich
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D014934:Wood; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D052638:Particulate Matter; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Cytokine; Inflammation; Protein corona; UFP; Wood