title: The effects of enoxaparin on the liver in experimental pneumoperitoneum model.
abstract: To investigate the potential protective effects of enoxaparin against the adverse events of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum.
  Thirty four rats were divided into three groups: Group 1 (sham) underwent insertion of Veress needle into the abdomen and 90 min of anesthesia with no gas insufflation. The animals in control and enoxaparin groups were subjected to 90 min of 14 mmHg CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Enoxaparin (100 u/kg) was administered subcutaneously to the rats in enoxaparin group one hour before the operation. After 90 min of pneumoperitoneum, the rats were allowed for reperfusion through 60 min. Blood and liver samples were obtained for biochemical and histopathological examination.
  Treatment with enoxaparin decreased the histopathological abnormalities when compared with the control group. The highest levels of oxidative stress parameters were found in control group. The use of enoxaparin decreased the levels of all oxidative stress parameters, but the difference between the control and enoxaparin groups was not statistically significant.
  Enoxaparin ameliorated the harmful effects of high pressure CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the liver.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Design of the study, analysis of data, technical procedures.
authors.forename: Turgut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cavusoglu
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Design of the study, analysis of data, technical procedures.
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kismet
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Critical revision.
authors.forename: Namik
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.affiliation: MD, Department of General Surgery, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Technical procedures.
authors.forename: Berkay
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kucuk
authors.affiliation: MD, General Surgeon, Department of General Surgery, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Conception of the study, interpretation of data.
authors.forename: Aziz Mutlu
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Barlas
authors.affiliation: MD, General Surgeon, Department of General Surgery, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Conception of the study, interpretation of data.
authors.forename: Bahadir Osman
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Bozkirli
authors.affiliation: MD, Pathologist, Department of Pathology, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Histopathological examinations.
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Celepli
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Biochemical analyses.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senes
authors.affiliation: MD, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Biochemical analyses.
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bolat
authors.affiliation: Full Professor, Department of Pathology, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Histopathological examinations.
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hucumenoglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D011312:Pressure; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D017984:Enoxaparin; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen