title: Assessment of fatigue in Parkinson's disease: Indian perspective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fatigue is one of the most frequent nonmotor manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD), having a major effect on quality of life but is not reported in Indian patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the frequency of fatigue in a cohort of PD population and its correlation with disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) was translated and validated in local vernacular language. All patients of PD visiting neurology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 150 patients were screened, and 104 were included in this study. They were divided into - Group I with fatigue (score of >4 in each item) and Group II without fatigue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20.0. Spearman correlation was used to evaluate the convergent validity of the FSS-Ind score with PD-related variables. The principal components analysis was applied to detect the domain structure of the FSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total 104 patients, 68 (65.3%) patients experienced fatigue. The duration of disease was significantly more (P= 0.021) in Group I (4.39 ± 3.8 years) than in the Group II (3.13 ± 1.6 years). The severity of disease also showed a positive correlation with fatigue with 50.9% patients in H and Y stage >3 experiencing fatigue. 69.1% patients of tremor phenotype experienced fatigue as compared to 32.3% of rigid phenotype. There was no relation of fatigue with age, gender, H and Y stage, levodopa equivalent dose and mean Unified PD Rating Scale motor III score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Translated version of the FSS, FSS-Ind has high internal consistency and validity which supports its application as an effective tool in detecting fatigue in patients with PD. Fatigue in PD was related to duration and phenotype of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Birinder Singh
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Amandeep
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Gagandeep
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaushal
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Gunchan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Karan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaura
keywords: Fatigue; Fatigue Severity Scale; Indian; Parkinson's disease