title: Facile production of nanostructured cellulose from Elaeis guineensis empty fruit bunch via one pot oxidative-hydrolysis isolation approach.
abstract: Cellulose in nanostructures was successfully isolated from empty fruit bunch biomass via a novel one-pot oxidative-hydrolysis technique. The physicochemical properties of nanocellulose prepared via one-pot process have shown comparable characteristics as products isolated via conventional multistep purification approach (namely dewaxing, chlorite bleaching process, alkalization, and acid hydrolysis). The chemical composition study indicated that the one-pot oxidative-hydrolysis process successfully extracted cellulose (91.0%), with the remaining minority being hemicellulose and lignin (∼6%) in the final product. Crystallinity profile of one-pot treated product (80.3%) was higher than that of multistep isolated nanocellulose (75.4%), which indicated that the disorder region (amorphous) in cellulose fibers was successfully removed. In additional to that, the morphology study demonstrated that nanocellulose prepared by one-pot process rendered spider-web-like network nanostructure, with an average diameter of fibers at a range of 51.6±15.4nm. The nanocellulose product showed high thermal stability (320°C), which was ready for nanocomposite application. One-pot oxidative-hydrolysis technique is a simple and versatile route for the preparation of nanocellulose from complex biomass within 90°C and 6h period, with minimum wastewater as compared to the multistep process.
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), Institute of Postgraduate Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: You Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), Institute of Postgraduate Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: leehweivoon@um.edu.my.
authors.forename: Hwei Voon
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), Institute of Postgraduate Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sharifah Bee
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Abd Hamid
mesh_terms: D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008031:Lignin; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin
keywords: Crystallinity; Lignocellulosic biomass; Nanocrystalline cellulose; Nanomaterial; Oxidative-delignification; Thermal stability