title: Triboluminescence and Metal Phosphor for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes: Functional Pt(II) Complexes with Both 2-Pyridylimidazol-2-ylidene and Bipyrazolate Chelates.
abstract: We report the utilization of both pyrid-2-yl-imidazolylidene and dianionic bipz chelates as constituents in syntheses of a new series of charge-neutral Pt(II) complexes 1-4, among which complex 4 revealed remarkable triboluminescence, i.e., generation of photoemission upon grinding or cracking of the solid sample. The triboluminescence is found to be sensitive to the subtle changes of the associated substituents of pyrid-2-yl-imidazolylidene chelate, as verified by the disappearance of the triboluminescence for complexes 1-3. Alternatively, the well-ordered solid packing of 3, as indicated by the grazing incidence X-ray scattering experiment, serves as an ideal emitter for the fabrication of highly efficient OLEDs, rendering high external quantum efficienciy (25.9%) and luminesce efficiency (90 cd A-1) at the practical brightness of 100 cd m-2. The rather low roll-off in efficiency (24.4%, 85 cd A-1at high brightness of 1000 cd m-2) is attributed to the short excited-state lifetime of 3 (∼800 ns) in the solid state, which in turn is associated with the MMLCT transition character.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Che-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kiet Tuong
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Ly
authors.forename: Wei-Kai
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chung-Chih
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lai-Chin
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jey-Jau
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tzu-Chieh
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shih-Hung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Pi-Tai
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Gene-Hsiang
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chi
keywords: N-donor; carbene; imidazolium; mechanoluminescence; organic light-emitting diode; platinum; pyrazolate; triboluminescence