title: Stirring-controlled solidified floating solid-liquid drop microextraction as a new solid phase-enhanced liquid-phase microextraction method by exploiting magnetic carbon nanotube-nickel hybrid.
abstract: A specific technique is introduced to overcome limitations of classical solidification of floating organic drop microextraction, such as tedious and time-consuming centrifuge step and using disperser solvent, by facile and efficient participation of solid and liquid phases. In this proposed method of stirring-controlled solidified floating solid-liquid drop microextraction (SC-SF-SLDME), magnetic carbon nanotube-nickel hybrid (MNi-CNT) as a solid part of the extractors are dispersed ultrasonically in sample solution, and the procedure followed by dispersion of liquid phase (1-undecanol) through high-rate stirring and easily recollection of MNi-CNT in organic solvent droplets through hydrophobic force. With the reduction in speed of stirring, one solid-liquid drop is formed on top of the solution. MNi-CNT acts as both extractor and the coalescence helper between organic droplets for a facile recollection. MNi-CNT was prepared by spray pyrolysis of nickel oleate/toluene mixture at 1000 °C. Four tyrosine kinase inhibitors were selected as model analytes and the effecting parameters were investigated. The results confirmed that magnetic nanoadsorbent has an important role in the procedure and complete collection of dispersed solvent is not achieved in the absence of the solid phase. Also, short extraction time exhibited success of the proposed method and effect of dispersed solid/liquid phases. The limits of quantification (LOQs) for imatinib, sunitinib, erlotinib, and nilotinib were determined to be as low as 0.7, 1.7, 0.6, and 1.0 μg L-1, respectively. The intra-day precisions (RSDs) were lower than 4.5%. Method performance was investigated by determination of mentioned tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples with good recoveries in the range of 93-98%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Semnan University, P.O. Box: 35131-19111, Semnan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghazaghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Semnan University, P.O. Box: 35131-19111, Semnan, Iran. Electronic address: hzmousavi@semnan.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Hassan Zavvar
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Mousavi
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), West Entrance Blvd., Olympic Village, P.O. Box: 14857-33111, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirkhanloo
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), West Entrance Blvd., Olympic Village, P.O. Box: 14857-33111, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alimorad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rashidi
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D009532:Nickel; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D009532:Nickel; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
keywords: Carbon nanotube; Magnetic nanoadsrobent; Solid-liquid drop microextraction; Solidified floating; Tyrosine kinase inhibitors