title: The effects of passive tobacco smoking on the microcirculation of the abdominal wall in rats.
abstract: To analysis the effects of passive smoking on the microstructure of tissues of the abdominal wall regarding microcirculation, using histopathological study of the tobacco exposed rats.
  Twenty four male Wistar rats were divided in Control Group (CG = 8 animals) and Exposition Groups (EG = 16 animals). EG was exposed to cigarette smoke 4x/day for 120 days, while CG was preserved from exposure. Food, water and housing were similar for both groups. After 120 days, urine samples were collected before necropsy to analyze cotinine levels (ng/mL) in urine and blinded histopathological analysis of the abdominal wall performed to count arteries and veins in dermal and muscular fascia layer.
  No difference in weight was observed between both groups (P>0.05). Cotinine concentration was significantly higher in EG (P<0.05). In dermal layer, the average of vessels per animal was 8.72 (IC95%: 8.31-9.13) for CG and 11,23 (IC95%: 10.09-12.38) for EG. In muscular fascia layer the average of vessels per animal was 17.97 (IC95%: 15.79-20.15) for CG, whereas the average for EG was of 14,85 (IC95%: 12.71-17.01) (P<0.05).
  Exposition to passive smoking may cause increase in the number of vessels in dermal layer, with the opposite effects at the muscular fascia layer.
authors.affiliation: MD, Department of Surgery, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, critical revision.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.affiliation: Undergraduent student, School of Medicine, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures; manuscript preparation.
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mastella
authors.affiliation: PhD, Department of Pathology, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Histopathological examinations, critical revision.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uchôa
authors.affiliation: PhD, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA). Morphological Sciences Department, UFRGS, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Conception and design of the study.
authors.forename: Geraldo Pereira
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Jotz
authors.affiliation: DHSc, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, UFCSPA. School of Medicine, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas-RS. Morphological Sciences Department, UFRGS, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Conception and design of the study.
authors.forename: Henrique Záchia
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Leão
authors.affiliation: PhD, Department of Surgery, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Scientific, intellectual, conception and design of the study; analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision, final approval.
authors.forename: Leandro Totti
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Cavazzola
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D003367:Cotinine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D003367:Cotinine