title: Diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure in relation to BMI among adult non-pregnant women in Bangladesh.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between overweight and obesity (in terms of BMI) and diabetes, HBP and diabetes-HBP comorbidity among adult women non-pregnant in Bangladesh.
  
  
  METHODS
  Information about demographics, socioeconomic, blood pressure and blood glucose levels were collected for 2022 women ageing above 35 years were collected from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS 2011). The primary outcome variables were diabetes and high blood pressure. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose value ≥7.0mmol/L and HBP as systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90mmHg. Blood pressure and plasma glucose measurement were performed by standard clinical procedures. Data were analysed using cross-tabulation, chi-square tests and logistic regression methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the participants was 41.42 (SD=4.37). 38.7% of the women had BMI values ≥25. The prevalence of HBP, diabetes, and diabetes-HBP comorbidity was respectively 18% and 5.1%, and 2%. The adjusted odds of having diabetes, HBP and Diabetes-HBP comorbidity were respectively 2.14 (p=0.002; 95%CI=1.31-3.48), 2.3 (p=<0.0001; 95%CI=1.70-2.98), and 3.4 (p=0.004; 95%CI=1.47-7.81) times higher among overweight/obese women compared to those with normal weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overweight and obesity account for a major proportion of diabetes, HBP and the comorbidity of these two among non-pregnant women. There remains a considerable risk for future expansion of diabetes and HBP as the prevalence of overweight/obesity is rising constantly. Maintaining a healthy BMI needs to be regarded as among the most important diabetes and HBP preventive strategies among Bangladeshi women.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: brammaputram@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ghose
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bishwajit
authors.affiliation: School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Canada. Electronic address: sanni.yaya@uOttawa.ca.
authors.forename: Sanni
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yaya
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada. Electronic address: iseyd029@uottawa.ca.
authors.forename: Ide
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Seydou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis
keywords: BMI; Bangladeshi women; Diabetes mellitus; High blood pressure