title: Update on Feline Ionized Hypercalcemia.
abstract: Hypercalcemia in cats is recognized with increased frequency, especially idiopathic hypercalcemia, which is the most common cause. Idiopathic hypercalcemia seems to be unique to the cat, not occurring in the dog as a specific syndrome. There are many causes of hypercalcemia, and diagnosis relies on evaluation of clinical signs, physical examination, diagnostic imaging, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, and evaluation of calcium metabolic hormones. With an accurate diagnosis, treatment options can be tailored to the individual.
authors.affiliation: VCA Arboretum View Animal Hospital, 2551 Warrenville Road, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
authors.forename: Joao Felipe
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: de Brito Galvão
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Consulting, 9897 South Airport Road, DeWitt, MI 48820, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Schenck
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Electronic address: dennischew@me.com.
authors.forename: Dennis J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chew
mesh_terms: D019386:Alendronate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy* / Q000652:urine; D002415:Cats; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006887:Hydroxycholecalciferols / Q000032:analysis; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006887:Hydroxycholecalciferols; D002118:Calcium; D019386:Alendronate
keywords: Calcitriol; Chronic kidney disease; Idiopathic hypercalcemia; Ionized calcium; Malignancy; Parathyroid hormone; Total calcium; Vitamin D