title: Biomarker Tools to Design Clinical Vaccines Determined from a Study of Annual Listeriosis Incidence in Northern Spain.
abstract: Two regions of northern Spain, Gipuzkoa, and Cantabria present high annual incidence of listeriosis (1.86 and 1.71 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively). We report that the high annual incidences are a consequence of infection with highly virulentListeria monocytogenesisolates linked to fatal outcomes in elderly patients with cancer. In addition, listeriosis patients with cancer present low IL-17A/IL-6 ratios and significantly reduced levels of anti-GAPDH1-22antibodies, identified as two novel biomarkers of poor prognosis. Analysis of these biomarkers may aid in reducing the incidence of listeriosis. Moreover, GAPDH1-22-activated monocyte-derived dendritic cells of listeriosis patients with cancer seem useful tools to prepare clinical vaccines as they produce mainly Th1 cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Nanovacunas y vacunas celulares basadas en Listeria y sus aplicaciones en biomedicine, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) , Santander , Spain.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Calderon-Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Nanovacunas y vacunas celulares basadas en Listeria y sus aplicaciones en biomedicine, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) , Santander , Spain.
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Teran-Navarro
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Marimon
authors.affiliation: Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla , Santander , Spain.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-Rico
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla , Santander , Spain.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calvo-Montes
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Nanovacunas y vacunas celulares basadas en Listeria y sus aplicaciones en biomedicine, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) , Santander , Spain.
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frande-Cabanes
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alkorta-Gurrutxaga
authors.affiliation: Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fariñas
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martínez-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Perez-Trallero
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Nanovacunas y vacunas celulares basadas en Listeria y sus aplicaciones en biomedicine, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) , Santander , Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Dominguez
keywords: Listeria; listeriosis; zoonoses