title: Enhanced regeneration potential of mobilized dental pulp stem cells from immature teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have previously demonstrated that dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from mature teeth by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced mobilization method can enhance angiogenesis/vasculogenesis and improve pulp regeneration when compared with colony-derived DPSCs. However, the efficacy of this method in immature teeth with root-formative stage has never been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the stemness, biological characteristics, and regeneration potential in mobilized DPSCs compared with colony-derived DPSCs from immature teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mobilized DPSCs isolated from immature teeth were compared to colony-derived DPSCs using methods including flow cytometry, migration assays, mRNA expression of angiogenic/neurotrophic factor, and induced differentiation assays. They were also compared in trophic effects of the secretome. Regeneration potential was further compared in an ectopic tooth transplantation model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mobilized DPSCs had higher migration ability and expressed more angiogenic/neurotrophic factors than DPSCs. The mobilized DPSC secretome produced a higher stimulatory effect on migration, immunomodulation, anti-apoptosis, endothelial differentiation, and neurite extension. In addition, vascularization and pulp regeneration potential were higher in mobilized DPSCs than in DPSCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  G-CSF-induced mobilization method enhances regeneration potential of colony-derived DPSCs from immature teeth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.|Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-5808
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.|Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.|Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008964:Molar, Third; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects; D012038:Regeneration; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: angiogenesis; dental pulp stem cells; immature tooth; migration; neuronal extension; pulp regeneration