title: YKL-40 expression in abnormal invasive placenta cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  YKL-40 is a secreted glycoprotein and has been implicated in the proliferation and differentiation of malignant cells, extracellular tissue remodelling, neovascularisation, inhibition of cancer cell apoptosis and stimulation of tumour-associated fibroblasts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate YKL-40 tissue expression in extravillous trophoblast invasion and its possible implication in placenta creta.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 35 placenta creta cases and six control cases were included in the study, of which eight cases were placenta accreta, 12 were increta and 15 were percreta. Histological YKL-40 staining was scored in tissue as weak (1), medium (2) and strong (3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  YKL-40 immunoreactivity intensity in the percreta group was significantly higher compared to the increta and accreta groups (2.47±0.74, 1.33±0.49 and 1.37±0.52, respectively; P=0.000). YKL-40 immunoreactivity intensity was positively correlated with creta (r=0.6; P=0.000), depth of invasion (r=0.49; P=0.003) and depth of invasion to full thickness ratio (r=0.58; P=0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that YKL-40 is strongly expressed in placenta percreta and is correlated with extravillous trophoblast invasion. These findings may be informative for understanding the pathophysiology of placenta creta.
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: İlay
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Gözükara
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: Tümay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Özgür
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dolapçıoğlu
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Güngören
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: Oya Soylu
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Karapınar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010921:Placenta Accreta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: C084533:CHI3L1 protein, human; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1
keywords: Immunoreactivity; YKL-40; placenta creta; trophoblast