title: Evaluation of expressed prostatic secretion and serum using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the noninvasive detection of prostate cancer, a preliminary study.
abstract: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) involving expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) and serum was investigated; the objective was to determine if this approach could distinguish prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia. A total of 120 SERS spectra for EPS and 96 spectra for serum were gathered from patients within a prospective contemporary biopsy cohort. Significant differences in spectra between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia were tentatively assigned to component changes in EPS and serum samples. Principal component analysis and linear discriminate analysis were utilized to evaluate the spectral data for EPS and serum, to build diagnostic algorithms. The leave-one-out cross-validation method was used to validate the diagnostic algorithms; it revealed diagnostic sensitivities of 75% and 60%, specificities of 75% and 76.5%, and accuracies of 75% and 68% for EPS and serum, respectively. The results suggest that EPS and serum SERS analysis could be a potential tool for prostate cancer detection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiahua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Yinjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shangguan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Baijun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sha
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhenyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Tingyun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: liusp@shu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shupeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: uroxuewei@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Diagnostics; Prostate cancer; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy