title: Raloxifene microsphere-embedded collagen/chitosan/β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold for effective bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Engineering novel scaffolds that can mimic the functional extracellular matrix (ECM) would be a great achievement in bone tissue engineering. This paper reports the fabrication of novel collagen/chitosan/β-tricalcium phosphate (CCTP) based tissue engineering scaffold. In order to improve the regeneration ability of scaffold, we have embedded raloxifene (RLX)-loaded PLGA microsphere in the CCTP scaffold. The average pore of scaffold was in the range of 150-200μm with ideal mechanical strength and swelling/degradation characteristics. The release rate of RLX from the microsphere (MS) embedded scaffold was gradual and controlled. Also a significantly enhanced cell proliferation was observed in RLX-MS exposed cell group suggesting that microsphere/scaffold could be an ideal biomaterial for bone tissue engineering. Specifically, RLX-MS showed a significantly higher Alizarin red staining indicating the higher mineralization capacity of this group. Furthermore, a high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity for RLX-MS exposed group after 15days incubation indicates the bone regeneration capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells. Overall, present study showed that RLX-loaded microsphere embedded scaffold has the promising potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: Depatrment of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Lei
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Depatrment Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, China.
authors.forename: Ye-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Depatrment of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China. Electronic address: yinruofeng009@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ruo-Feng
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, 1st Hospital of Jilin University No. 71 Xinmin St, Changchun, China. Electronic address: xufengxf0@126.com.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008863:Microspheres; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride; D003094:Collagen; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Bone tissue engineering; Chitosan; Collagen; Raloxifene; Scaffold