title: Cathepsin L is involved in X-ray-induced invasion and migration of human glioma U251 cells.
abstract: An important therapeutic method of glioblastoma, the most common primary brain tumor, is radiotherapy. However, several studies reported recently that radiation could also promote the invasion and migration of malignant tumor. Herein, we have identified that a significant increase of migration and invasiveness of human glioma U251 cells undergoing X-ray was observed compared to controls, accompanied by the increase of cathepsin L (CTSL), which is a lysosomal cysteine protease overexpressed and secreted by tumor cells. To verify if there was a relationship between CTSL and the X-ray-induced glioma invasion, a CTSL specific inhibitor Z-FY-CHO or a short hairpin RNA interference was used to pretreat U251 cells. As a result, the cell invasion and migration was impaired via down-regulation of CTSL. Additionally, a marked reduction of the cell-signaling molecules Rho kinase was also detected compared with controls. We also found that CTSL is involved in EMT progress: both in vitro and in clinical specimens. Overall, our findings show that CTSL is an important protein which mediates cell invasion and migration of human glioma U251 cells induced by X-ray, and the inhibition of CTSL expression might diminish the invasion of U251 cells by reducing the activity of RhoA and CDC42 as well as EMT positive markers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yajie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Suzhou Institute for food and drug control, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yifan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Meilin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
authors.forename: Caihong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xifeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China. Electronic address: liangzhongqin@suda.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhongqin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D056668:Cathepsin L / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000528:radiation effects*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D014965:X-Rays; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C050361:CDH2 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D056668:Cathepsin L; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein
keywords: Cathepsin L; Glioma; Invasion; X-ray