title: Energy dissipation from a correlated system driven out of equilibrium.
abstract: In complex materials various interactions have important roles in determining electronic properties. Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) is used to study these processes by resolving the complex single-particle self-energy and quantifying how quantum interactions modify bare electronic states. However, ambiguities in the measurement of the real part of the self-energy and an intrinsic inability to disentangle various contributions to the imaginary part of the self-energy can leave the implications of such measurements open to debate. Here we employ a combined theoretical and experimental treatment of femtosecond time-resolved ARPES (tr-ARPES) show how population dynamics measured using tr-ARPES can be used to separate electron-boson interactions from electron-electron interactions. We demonstrate a quantitative analysis of a well-defined electron-boson interaction in the unoccupied spectrum of the cuprate Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+xcharacterized by an excited population decay time that maps directly to a discrete component of the equilibrium self-energy not readily isolated by static ARPES experiments.
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 734 Brookhaven Avenue, Upton, New York, 11973, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rameau
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg 47057, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Freutel
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.|Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.affiliation: HISKP, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany.|Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sentef
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, USA.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Freericks
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg 47057, Germany.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Avigo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg 47057, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ligges
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg 47057, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rettig
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eisaki
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 734 Brookhaven Avenue, Upton, New York, 11973, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schneeloch
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 734 Brookhaven Avenue, Upton, New York, 11973, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 734 Brookhaven Avenue, Upton, New York, 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Z J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 734 Brookhaven Avenue, Upton, New York, 11973, USA.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 734 Brookhaven Avenue, Upton, New York, 11973, USA.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg 47057, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1506-4491
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bovensiepen