title: High intraspecific variability of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in Chile.
abstract: Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto is the major cause of cystic echinococcosis in most human and animal cases in the world and the most widespread species within the E. granulosus sensu lato complex. E. granulosus s.s. remains endemic in South America together with other species of the Echinococcus genus, especially in some areas in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Peru. Except for a single human case caused by E. canadensis (G6) described in the literature, only E. granulosus s.s. has been found in the Chilean territory. In the current study 1609bp of the cox1 gene from 69 Chilean isolates of E. granulosus s.s. from humans and animals were analysed. In total, 26 cox1 haplotypes were found, including the widespread haplotype EG01 (22 isolates) and also EGp1 (5), EgRUS7 (1), EgAus02 (1) and EgAus03 (2). Twenty-one different haplotype not previously described were identified from 38 Chilean isolates designated EgCL1-EgCL21. Previous work had described low variability of E. granulosus s.s. in South America, based on isolates from Peru. Results obtained in this work challenge the previously described idea of the low diversity of the parasite in South America, and warrant future investigation on the origin and spread of the parasite in the continent after the Spanish arrival.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Centre for Animal Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. Electronic address: alvarezc@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Cristian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Alvarez Rojas
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Unit, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 34, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: dennis.ebi@uni-hohenheim.de.
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ebi
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: rparedes@unab.cl.
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paredes
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria y Programa de Investigación Aplicada en Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile. Electronic address: gerardo.acosta@uach.cl.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acosta-Jamett
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Depto. Cs. Biomédicas Universidad Católica del Norte, Calle Miraflores 475, Coquimbo, Región de Coquimbo, Chile. Electronic address: nurriola@ucn.cl.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Urriola
authors.affiliation: Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile. Electronic address: jcroas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Roa
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile. Electronic address: carlos.manterola@ufrontera.cl.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manterola
authors.affiliation: Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile. Electronic address: scortes@med.puc.cl.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Unit, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 34, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: Thomas.Romig@uni-hohenheim.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Romig
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Centre for Animal Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. Electronic address: j.scheerlinck@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Scheerlinck
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3010, Australia. Electronic address: mwl@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Marshall W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lightowlers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000662:veterinary; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D011200:Poultry / Q000469:parasitology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013020:South America / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1