title: Deep imaging in scattering media with selective plane illumination microscopy.
abstract: In most biological tissues, light scattering due to small differences in refractive index limits the depth of optical imaging systems. Two-photon microscopy (2PM), which significantly reduces the scattering of the excitation light, has emerged as the most common method to image deep within scattering biological tissue. This technique, however, requires high-power pulsed lasers that are both expensive and difficult to integrate into compact portable systems. Using a combination of theoretical and experimental techniques, we show that if the excitation path length can be minimized, selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) can image nearly as deep as 2PM without the need for a high-powered pulsed laser. Compared to other single-photon imaging techniques like epifluorescence and confocal microscopy, SPIM can image more than twice as deep in scattering media ( ? 10 times the mean scattering length). These results suggest that SPIM has the potential to provide deep imaging in scattering media in situations in which 2PM systems would be too large or costly.
authors.affiliation: Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors.forename: Adithya Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pediredla
authors.affiliation: Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors.forename: Shizheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Avants
authors.affiliation: Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.affiliation: Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors.forename: Ziying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United StatescRice University, Department of Bioengineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors.forename: Caleb
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kemere
authors.affiliation: Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United StatescRice University, Department of Bioengineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United StatesdBaylor College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States.
authors.forename: Jacob T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United StateseRice University, Department of Computer Science, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veeraraghavan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008027:Light; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012542:Scattering, Radiation