title: Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals dynamic changes in azelaic acid- and salicylic acid derivatives in LPS-treated Nicotiana tabacum cells.
abstract: To counteract biotic stress factors, plants employ multilayered defense mechanisms responsive to pathogen-derived elicitor molecules, and regulated by different phytohormones and signaling molecules. Here, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecule, was used to induce defense responses in Nicotiana tabacum cell suspensions. Intracellular metabolites were extracted with methanol and analyzed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS/MS) platform. The generated data were processed and examined with multivariate and univariate statistical tools. The results show time-dependent dynamic changes and accumulation of glycosylated signaling molecules, specifically those of azelaic acid, salicylic acid and methyl-salicylate as contributors to the altered metabolomic state in LPS-treated cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Mhlongo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tugizimana
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Piater
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa; CSIR Biosciences, Natural Products Group, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Steenkamp
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Madala
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa. Electronic address: idubery@uj.ac.za.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Dubery
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006031:Glycosylation; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000737:chemistry; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C010038:azelaic acid; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: Azelaic acid; Innate immunity; Lipopolysaccharide; Metabolomics; Phytohormones; Salicylic acid