title: Salivary Immunoglobulins in Individuals with Common Variable Immunodeficiency.
abstract: Oral manifestations of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) are rare, have rarely been studied and have given controversial results. There are few data about IgA, IgG, and IgM antibody salivary levels in the literature, and there are few papers about the clinical impact of antibody deficiencies and CVID on the oral health of such patients. The aim of this study was to measure serum and salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in CVID participants and controls, and to associate immunoglobulin levels with caries and periodontal disease. This was a case-control study involving 51 CVID individuals and 50 healthy controls. All participants underwent examination for dental caries and periodontal disease. Blood and whole saliva samples were collected on the same day of the oral examination. Serum IgA, IgM, and IgG levels were measured by turbidimetry and salivary IgA, IgM, and IgG titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Incidences of caries and gingivitis were significantly higher in the CVID group than in the control group (p<0.05). Salivary and blood IgA and IgM titers were significantly reduced in the CVID group, but there was no association of salivary immunoglobulin levels with periodontal disease or with caries incidence (p>0.05 for both). Although CVID was associated with increased susceptibility to caries and gingivitis, it was not associated with low salivary levels of IgA and IgM.
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Dental School of São Paulo, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karin Sá
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Dental School of São Paulo, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michella Bezerra
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Dental School of São Paulo, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cíntia de Paula
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, UFAM - Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dos-Santos
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Dental School of São Paulo, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Daumas
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, LIM-60, Hospital das Clínicas, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristina Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kokron
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Dental School of São Paulo, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gallottini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017074:Common Variable Immunodeficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007136:Immunoglobulins