title: Flavonoids and Sesquiterpene Lactones fromArtemisia absinthiumandTanacetum partheniumagainstSchistosoma mansoniWorms.
abstract: Human schistosomiasis, caused by trematode worms of the genusSchistosoma, is one of the most significant neglected tropical diseases, affecting more than 200 million individuals worldwide and praziquantel is the only available drug to treat this disease.Artemisia absinthiumL. andTanacetum partheniumL. are species popularly used as anthelmintics. We investigated thein vitroschistosomicidal activity of crude extracts ofA. absinthium(AA) andT. parthenium(TP) and their isolated compounds. AA and TP, at 200μg/mL, were active, causing 100% mortality of all adult worms. Chromatographic fractionation of AA leads to isolation of artemetin and hydroxypelenolide, while santin, apigenin, and parthenolide were isolated from TP. Artemetin, hydroxypelenolide, santin, and apigenin, at 100μM, were inactive against adult worms. Parthenolide (12.5 to 100μM) caused 100% mortality, tegumental alterations, and reduction of motor activity of all adult worms ofS. mansoni, without affecting mammalian cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed tegumental morphological alterations and changes on the numbers of tubercles ofS. mansoniworms. This report provides the first evidence for thein vitroactivity of parthenolide against adult worms ofS. mansoni, opening the route to further schistosomicidal studies with this compound.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luísa Maria Silveira
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lara Soares Aleixo
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7542-7437
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus Coutinho
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gazolla
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Enteroparasitas, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, 01246-902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Luiz
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Silva Pinto
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Doenças Negligenciadas, Universidade Guarulhos, 07025-000 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Paulo Nascimento
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Doenças Negligenciadas, Universidade Guarulhos, 07025-000 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Josué
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Moraes
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ademar A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9096-1336
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Da Silva Filho