title: Biodegradation of waste grease by Penicillium chrysogenum for production of fatty acid.
abstract: The aim of present work was to effectively remediate grease waste by Penicillium chrysogenum. For efficient degradation, grease waste was pre-treated using various lipases, among them lipolase was the best. The pretreated grease was used as a substrate by P. chrysogenum resulting into the production of fatty acids. Process was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) using four variables viz; FeCl2(mM), spore concentration (spores/ml), time period (days) and amount of grease (g). The optimized conditions viz; FeCl21.25mM, culture amount 5×1011spores/ml and time period 16days led to the production of 6.6mg/g fatty acid from 10.0g of pre-treated grease mixed with 5.0g wheat bran in 10.0ml czapek-dox medium under solid state fermentation. The fermented media was extracted with hexane and subjected to GCMS analysis, which showed the presence of higher amount of palmitic acid. It was purified by crystallization method and 2.8g of palmitic acid was recovered from 1.0kg grease waste in tray fermentation.
authors.affiliation: Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Arti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.affiliation: Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Razi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, UP 211004, India.
authors.forename: Sangeeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Negi
authors.affiliation: Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India. Electronic address: skhare@rocketmail.com.
authors.forename: Sunil Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Khare
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003460:Crystallization; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010408:Penicillium chrysogenum / Q000378:metabolism*; D013171:Spores, Bacterial; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D008049:Lipase
keywords: Bioremediation; Grease waste; P. chrysogenum; Palmitic acid; Pre-treatment