title: Preparation of Well-Defined Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)/ZnO Hybrid Nanoparticles by an Efficient Ligand Exchange Strategy.
abstract: Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PSAN)-capped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a "ligand exchange" method. First, octylamine (OA)-capped ZnO NPs were prepared by reaction of OA and zinc 2-ethylhexanoate (Zn(EH)2). Then PSAN polymer ligands were synthesized by activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and were efficiently exchanged with OA ligands on the ZnO particle surface benefiting from the relatively low boiling point of OA (175 °C). The morphology, content of ZnO, and grafting density of the nanocomposite were well controlled by altering the ratio between OA and polymer ligands as well as the molecular weight of PSAN-NH2used in the exchange reaction. The resulting ZnO/polymer nanocomposites were stable in THF with narrow size distributions and varying grafting densities from 0.9 to 2.5 nm-2. With excess amount of polymer ligands, individual dispersed ZnO NPs were observed. However, with a limited amount of ligands, NPs clusters were formed, as confirmed by TEM and DLS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Zongyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mahoney
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Jiajun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferebee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Danli
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bockstaller
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matyjaszewski