title: Histologic validation of myocardial fibrosis measured by T1 mapping: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myocardial fibrosis is being increasingly recognised as a common final pathway of a wide range of diseases. Thus, the development of an accurate and convenient method to evaluate myocardial fibrosis is of major importance. Although T1 mapping is a potential alternative for myocardial biopsy, validation studies are limited to small numbers and vary regarding technical facets, and include only a restricted number of disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to objectively and comprehensively evaluate the performance of T1 mapping on the quantification of myocardial fibrosis using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies applying T1 mapping to measure myocardial fibrosis and that validated the results via histological analysis. A pooled correlation coefficient between the CMR and histology measurements was used to evaluate the performance of the T1 mapping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 15 studies, including 308 patients who had CMR and myocardial biopsy were included and the pooled correlation coefficient between ECV measured by T1 mapping and biopsy for the selected studies was 0.884 (95% CI: 0.854, 0.914) and was not notably heterogeneous chi-squared = 7.44; P = 0.489 for the Q test and I^2 = 0.00%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quantitative measurement of myocardial fibrosis via T1 mapping is associated with a favourable overall correlation with the myocardial biopsy measurements. Further studies are required to determine the calibration of the T1 mapping results for the biopsy findings of different cardiomyopathies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, 20# Section 3 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.|Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Kai-Yue
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China. yangzg666@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Hua-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, 20# Section 3 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.|Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, 20# Section 3 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Yi
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, 20# Section 3 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China. gykpanda@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying-Kun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005355:Fibrosis; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance, T1 mapping; Myocardial fibrosis