title: A preliminary evaluation of trust and shared decision making among intensive care patients' family members.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to preliminarily evaluate ICU family members' trust and shared decision making using modified versions of the Wake Forest Trust Survey and the Shared Decision Making-9 Survey.
  
  
  
  Using a descriptive approach, the perceptions of family members of ICU patients (n=69) of trust and shared decision making were measured using the Wake Forest Trust Survey and the 9-item Shared Decision Making (SDM-9) Questionnaire. Both surveys were modified slightly to apply to family members of ICU patients and to include perceptions of nurses as well as physicians.
  
  
  
  Overall, family members reported high levels of trust and inclusion in decision making. Family members who lived with the patient had higher levels of trust than those who did not. Family members who reported strong agreement among other family about treatment decisions had higher levels of trust and higher SDM-9 scores than those who reported less family agreement.
  
  
  
  The modified surveys may be useful in evaluating family members' trust and shared decision making in ICU settings. Future studies should include development of a comprehensive patient-centered care framework that focuses on its central goal of maintaining provider-patient/family partnerships as an avenue toward effective shared decision making.
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia School of Nursing. Electronic address: Meg4u@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Elizabeth G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia School of Nursing.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wolfe
mesh_terms: D003657:Decision Making; D005190:Family; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D035502:Trust
keywords: Intensive care; Patient-centered care; Shared decision making; Trust