title: Case Report of a Child after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation with AcuteAspergillusTracheobronchitis as a Cause for Respiratory Failure.
abstract: Rapid respiratory failure due to invasive mycosis of the airways is an uncommon presentation ofAspergillusinfection, even in immunocompromised patients, and very few pediatric cases have been reported. Patients withAspergillustracheobronchitis present with nonspecific symptoms, and radiologic studies are often noninformative, leading to a delay in diagnosis. Prompt initiation of adequate antifungal therapies is of utmost importance to improve outcome. We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with chronic myelogenous leukemia who developed respiratory distress 41 days after hematopoietic cell transplantation and rapidly deteriorated despite multiple interventions and treatment modalities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Children's Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 North Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4825-5371
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gauguet
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Madden
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Gi Soo
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Tonya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Midland Memorial Hospital, Midland, TX 79701, USA.
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Klingensmith
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Burchett
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Velden