title: Inverse Bayesian inference as a key of consciousness featuring a macroscopic quantum logical structure.
abstract: To overcome the dualism between mind and matter and to implement consciousness in science, a physical entity has to be embedded with a measurement process. Although quantum mechanics have been regarded as a candidate for implementing consciousness, nature at its macroscopic level is inconsistent with quantum mechanics. We propose a measurement-oriented inference system comprising Bayesian and inverse Bayesian inferences. While Bayesian inference contracts probability space, the newly defined inverse one relaxes the space. These two inferences allow an agent to make a decision corresponding to an immediate change in their environment. They generate a particular pattern of joint probability for data and hypotheses, comprising multiple diagonal and noisy matrices. This is expressed as a nondistributive orthomodular lattice equivalent to quantum logic. We also show that an orthomodular lattice can reveal information generated by inverse syllogism as well as the solutions to the frame and symbol-grounding problems. Our model is the first to connect macroscopic cognitive processes with the mathematical structure of quantum mechanics with no additional assumptions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intermedia Art and Science, School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Waseda University, Ohkubo 3-4-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan. Electronic address: yukio@waseda.jp.
authors.forename: Yukio-Pegio
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Gunji
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Planetology, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Rokkod-dai 1-1, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haruna
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistical Physics and Complex Systems, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Vasileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Basios
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D003243:Consciousness; D006801:Humans; D008128:Logic; D008959:Models, Neurological; D011336:Probability; D011789:Quantum Theory