title: Boosting Docking-Based Virtual Screening with Deep Learning.
abstract: In this work, we propose a deep learning approach to improve docking-based virtual screening. The deep neural network that is introduced, DeepVS, uses the output of a docking program and learns how to extract relevant features from basic data such as atom and residues types obtained from protein-ligand complexes. Our approach introduces the use of atom and amino acid embeddings and implements an effective way of creating distributed vector representations of protein-ligand complexes by modeling the compound as a set of atom contexts that is further processed by a convolutional layer. One of the main advantages of the proposed method is that it does not require feature engineering. We evaluate DeepVS on the Directory of Useful Decoys (DUD), using the output of two docking programs: Autodock Vina1.1.2 and Dock 6.6. Using a strict evaluation with leave-one-out cross-validation, DeepVS outperforms the docking programs, with regard to both AUC ROC and enrichment factor. Moreover, using the output of Autodock Vina1.1.2, DeepVS achieves an AUC ROC of 0.81, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the best AUC reported so far for virtual screening using the 40 receptors from the DUD.
authors.affiliation: Fiocruz, 4365 Avenida Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040 900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaina Cruz
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Fiocruz, 4365 Avenida Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040 900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ernesto Raúl
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Caffarena
authors.affiliation: IBM Watson, 1101 Kitchawan Rd., Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States.
authors.forename: Cicero Nogueira
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation / Q000379:methods*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012372:ROC Curve; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D011506:Proteins