title: qNMR for profiling the production of fungal secondary metabolites.
abstract: Analysis of complex mixtures is a common challenge in natural products research. Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy offers analysis of complex mixtures at early stages and with benefits that are orthogonal to more common methods of quantitation, including ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Several experiments were conducted to construct a methodology for use in analysis of extracts of fungal cultures. A broadly applicable method was sought for analysis of both pure and complex samples through use of an externally calibrated method. This method has the benefit of not contaminating valuable samples with the calibrant, and it passed scrutiny for line fitting and reproducibility. The method was implemented to measure the yield of griseofulvin and dechlorogriseofulvin from three fungal isolates. An isolate of Xylaria cubensis (coded MSX48662) was found to biosynthesize griseofulvin in the greatest yield, 149 ± 8 mg per fermentation, and was selected for further supply experiments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
authors.forename: Wilson C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
authors.forename: Noemi D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Paguigan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
authors.forename: Huzefa A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Raja
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
authors.forename: Franklin J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Moy
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
authors.forename: Nadja B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Cech
authors.affiliation: Mycosynthetix, Inc, 505 Meadowland Drive, Suite 103, Hillsborough, NC, 27278, USA.
authors.forename: Cedric J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas H
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0354-8464
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Oberlies
mesh_terms: D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001688:Biological Products / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006118:Griseofulvin / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D055432:Metabolomics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D064210:Secondary Metabolism
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D001688:Biological Products; D006118:Griseofulvin; C027113:chrysophanic acid
keywords: 1H NMR; NMR; fungi; griseofulvin; qNMR; secondary metabolites