title: Polymer-Stabilized Perfluorobutane Nanodroplets for Ultrasound Imaging Agents.
abstract: In this paper, we describe a method for the stabilization of low-boiling point (low-bp) perfluorocarbons (PFCs) at physiological temperatures by an amphiphilic triblock copolymer which can emulsify PFCs and be cross-linked. After UV-induced thiol-ene cross-linking, the core of the PFC emulsion remains in liquid form even at temperatures exceeding their boiling points. Critically, the formulation permits vaporization at rarefactional pressures relevant for clinical ultrasound.
authors.affiliation: Materials Science & Engineering Program, ‡Department of Radiology, and §Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Yuran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Materials Science & Engineering Program, ‡Department of Radiology, and §Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vezeridis
authors.affiliation: Materials Science & Engineering Program, ‡Department of Radiology, and §Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Materials Science & Engineering Program, ‡Department of Radiology, and §Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Materials Science & Engineering Program, ‡Department of Radiology, and §Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Materials Science & Engineering Program, ‡Department of Radiology, and §Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Mattrey
authors.affiliation: Materials Science & Engineering Program, ‡Department of Radiology, and §Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Nathan C
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9945-5475
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Gianneschi
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D011108:Polymers; C108042:perfluorobutane