title: Cardiovascular function during supine rest in endurance-trained males with New Zealand blackcurrant: a dose-response study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Blackcurrant contains anthocyanins that could alter cardiovascular function and reduce cardiovascular disease risk. We examined dose responses of New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract on cardiovascular function during supine rest.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen endurance-trained male cyclists (age: 38 ± 12 years, height: 178 ± 5 cm, body mass: 76 ± 10 kg, [Formula: see text]: 56 ± 8 mL kg-1min-1, mean ± SD) were randomly assigned using a counterbalanced Latin square design to complete four conditions, a control of no NZBC, or one of three doses (300, 600 or 900 mg day-1) of NZBC extract (CurraNZ™) for 7-days with a 14-day washout. Cardiovascular function (i.e., blood pressure, heart rate, ejection time, cardiac output, stroke volume, and total peripheral resistance) during supine rest was examined (Portapres®Model 2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and ejection time were unchanged by NZBC. A dose effect (P < 0.05) was observed for cardiac output, stroke volume, and total peripheral resistance. A trend for a dose effect was observed for mean arterial blood pressure. Cardiac output increased by 0.6 ± 0.6 L min-1(15%) and 1.0 ± 1.0 L min-1(28%) and stroke volume by 5 ± 8 mL (7%) and 6 ± 17 mL (18%) between control and 600, and 900 mg day-1, respectively. Total peripheral resistance decreased by 4 ± 3 mmHg L-1min-1(20%) and 5 ± 9 mmHg L-1min-1(20%) for 600, and 900 mg day-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Seven-days intake of New Zealand blackcurrant extract demonstrated dose-dependent changes on some cardiovascular parameters during supine rest in endurance-trained male cyclists.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chichester, College Lane, Chichester, PO19 6PE, UK.
authors.forename: Matthew David
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chichester, College Lane, Chichester, PO19 6PE, UK.
authors.forename: Stephen David
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chichester, College Lane, Chichester, PO19 6PE, UK.
authors.forename: Mandy Lucinda
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gault
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chichester, College Lane, Chichester, PO19 6PE, UK.
authors.forename: Victoria Charlotte
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chichester, College Lane, Chichester, PO19 6PE, UK. m.willems@chi.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Mark Elisabeth Theodorus
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Willems
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012146:Rest; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid; C084865:black currant oil
keywords: Anthocyanins; Cardiovascular function; New Zealand blackcurrant; Polyphenols; Sports nutrition