title: A randomized clinical trial of a culturally responsive intervention for African American women with asthma.
abstract: Few interventions have focused on the difficulties that African American women face when managing asthma.
  
  
  
  To evaluate a telephone-based self-regulation intervention that emphasized African American women's management of asthma in a series of 6 sessions.
  
  
  
  A total of 422 African American women with persistent asthma were randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group receiving usual care. Behavioral factors, symptoms and asthma control, asthma-related quality of life, and health care use at baseline and 2 years after baseline were assessed. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess the long-term effect of the intervention on outcomes.
  
  
  
  Compared with the control group, those who completed the full intervention (6 sessions) had significant gains in self-regulation of their asthma (B estimate, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.17-1.30; P < .01), noticing changes to their asthma during their menstrual cycle (B estimate, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.69-2.15; P < .001), and when having premenstrual syndrome (B estimate, 1.70; 95% CI, 0.67-2.72; P < .001). They also had significant reductions in daytime symptoms (B estimate, -0.15; 95% CI, -0.27 to -0.03; P < .01), asthma-related hospitalization (B estimate, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.00-1.02; P < .05), and improved asthma control (B estimate, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.57-2.12; P < .001). However, neither grouped changed over time in outcomes.
  
  
  
  Despite high comorbidity, African American women who completed a culturally responsive self-management program had improvements in asthma outcomes compared with the control group. Future work should address significant comorbidities and psychosocial issues alongside asthma management to improve asthma outcomes in the long term.
  
  
  
  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT01117805.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: minalrp@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Minal R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Peter X K
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department Allergy and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Georgiana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaltsas
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Lara J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Mary R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Janevic
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Kausar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hafeez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Randall W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011788:Quality of Life; D012648:Self Care