title: The role of water-soluble meconium subfraction and lipid-soluble meconium subfraction on the superior mesenteric artery vasoconstriction in chick embryos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intraamniotic meconium has been responsible for intestinal damage in gastroschisis and meconium-dependent intestinal ischemia has been proposed to induce additional intestinal damage in gastroschisis. This study is aimed to determine the effects of lipid and water-soluble meconium subfractions on the contractility of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on 18-day fertilized chick embryos (Gallus Domesticus). Meconium is fractioned into water and lipid-soluble components. Only one SMA tissue was prepared from each embryo and suspended in the organ bath. Isometric contraction responses (ICR) were created in SMA tissues by one hour of incubation in Krebs-Henseleit solution for each group. Groups consisted of control, meconium, water-soluble meconium subfraction and lipid-soluble meconium subfraction. ICR of the SMA specimens were evaluated with a transducer-amplifier system on a computer. The data were expressed (mean±1SD) as milliNewton (mN).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ICR of the meconium, water-soluble meconium subfraction and lipid-soluble meconium subfraction groups were significantly high when compared to the control group (p<0.01). The meconium and water-soluble meconium subfraction created more contraction response than the lipid-soluble meconium subfraction (p<0.01). The ICR of the meconium group was not different from the ICR of the water-soluble meconium subfraction group (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Water-soluble meconium subfraction has a profound vasoconstrictor effect on the SMA compared to the lipid-soluble meconium subfraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dokuz Eylül University, Medical School, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Şiyve
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dokuz Eylül University, Medical School, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oktay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ulusoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dokuz Eylül University, Medical School, İzmir, Turkey. Electronic address: osman.karakus@deu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Osman Z
authors.initials: OZ
authors.lastname: Karakuş
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Dokuz Eylül University, Medical School, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nergis
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Murat
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Equipment Technology, Celal Bayar University, Soma Vocational School, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Uslu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dokuz Eylül University, Medical School, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oğuz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ateş
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dokuz Eylül University, Medical School, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülce
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hakgüder
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dokuz Eylül University, Medical School, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olguner
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dokuz Eylül University, Medical School, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Feza M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Akgür
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D020139:Gastroschisis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000503:physiopathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008470:Meconium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014325:Tromethamine / Q000737:chemistry; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C074097:Krebs-Henseleit solution; D008055:Lipids; D014325:Tromethamine; D014867:Water; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Contractility; Gastroschisis; Intestinal damage; Lipid soluble meconium; Superior mesenteric artery; Water soluble meconium