title: Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 biosurfactant effects on hyperglycemia, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and kidney function in rats fed on high-fat-high-fructose diet.
abstract: This study investigated the protective and the curative effects of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 crude lipopeptide biosurfactant in alleviating induced obesity complications in rats fed on high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFFD). Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups with the following treatment schedule: normal diet-fed rats (CD), HFFD-fed rats, HFFD-fed rats supplemented with SPB1 biosurfactant from the first day of the experiment (HFFD + Bios1), rats fed on HFFD receiving standard drug (HFFD + Torva), or SPB1 biosurfactant (HFFD + Bios2) during the last 4 weeks of the study. HFFD induced hyperglycemia, manifested by a significant (p < 0.001) increase (20%) in the levels of glucose and α-amylase activity in the plasma, when compared with CD. The administration of SPB1 biosurfactant to rats fed on HFFD reverted back normal blood glucose and α-amylase activity levels. Also, the findings clearly showed that acute oral administration of SPB1 biosurfactant reduced significantly (34%) the peak of blood glucose concentration 60 min after glucose administration, as compared with untreated rats fed on HFFD. Furthermore, renal dysfunction indices such as creatinine and urea as well as the level of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) exhibited remarkable increases in serum of rats fed on HFFD by 28.35%, 46%, and 92%,. Interestingly, SPB1 lipopeptides treatments decreased the creatinine and urea levels significantly (p < 0.001) near normal values, as compared with that of the HFFD group, and also showed an improvement of the kidney cortex architecture. Moreover, SPB1 biosurfactant displayed a potent inhibition of ACE activity in vitro (CI50value=1.37 mg/mL) as well as in vivo in obese rats by 42% and 27.25% with HFFD + Bios1 and HFFD + Bios2 treatments, respectively, and comparatively with the HFFD group. Besides, SPB1 lipopeptides treatments improved some of serum electrolytes such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. The results showed that SPB1 lipopeptide biosurfactant presented useful hypoglycemic and antihypertensive properties, and was able to alleviate renal lipid deposition in rats fed on a hypercaloric diet.
authors.affiliation: a Enzymes and Bioconversion Research Unit, National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS) , Sfax , Tunisia.|b Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS) , Sfax , Tunisia.
authors.forename: Raida
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zouari
authors.affiliation: c Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences , Sfax , Tunisia.
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamden
authors.affiliation: c Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences , Sfax , Tunisia.
authors.forename: Abdelfattah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El Feki
authors.affiliation: d Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU H. Bourguiba , Sfax , Tunisia , and.
authors.forename: Khansa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chaabouni
authors.affiliation: d Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU H. Bourguiba , Sfax , Tunisia , and.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Makni-Ayadi
authors.affiliation: e Anatomical Pathology and Cytology Laboratory, Ibn Nafis , Sfax , Tunisia.
authors.forename: Fahima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sallemi
authors.affiliation: a Enzymes and Bioconversion Research Unit, National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS) , Sfax , Tunisia.
authors.forename: Semia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ellouze-Chaabouni
authors.affiliation: a Enzymes and Bioconversion Research Unit, National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS) , Sfax , Tunisia.|b Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS) , Sfax , Tunisia.
authors.forename: Dhouha
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ghribi-Aydi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D005632:Fructose; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: ACE; Biosurfactant; Hypoglycemic; Kidney Function; OGTT