title: Internal derangement in the temporomandibular joint of juveniles with clinical signs of TMD : MRI-assessed association with skeletal and dental classes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlation of specific skeletal or dental class in children and adolescents with clinical signs of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) with the severity of internal derangement (ID) of the temporomandibular joint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on MRI images, the ID of 232 juvenile temporomandibular joints in 116 patients were retrospectively recorded. The distribution of the ID stages within the skeletal and dental classes was compared by means of the χ2test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Excluding the comparison between skeletal Class I (S I) and skeletal Class II (S II; p < 0.05), no statistically significant differences in the distribution of the ID stages were found between the skeletal classes (p > 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found when comparing the distribution of the ID stages between the dental classes (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to these findings, there is no skeletal or dental class that is related to higher degrees of internal derangement in the TMJs of children and adolescents presenting clinical signs of TMD. Therefore, it is not possible to draw conclusions about the severity of the ID in relation to the dental and skeletal class in symptomatic juvenile TMJs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Straße 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany. steinste@med.uni-marburg.de.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Straße 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hellak
authors.affiliation: Private Orthodontic Practice, Kronenberger Straße 10, 65812, Bad Soden/Ts., Germany.
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Popović
authors.affiliation: Private Orthodontic Practice, Kronenberger Straße 10, 65812, Bad Soden/Ts., Germany.
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Toll
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Straße 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schauseil
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Straße 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Braun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D063189:Symptom Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Dental class; Internal derangement; Magnetic resonance imaging; Skeletal class; Temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome