title: Ketorolac Tromethamine Spray Prevents Postendotracheal-Intubation-Induced Sore Throat after General Anesthesia.
abstract: Background. Postoperative sore throat is one of the major complaints of general anesthesia in the postanesthesia care unit. This prospective study investigated the preventive effect of ketorolac tromethamine spray in postendotracheal-intubation-induced sore throat after general anesthesia.Methods. Surgical patients undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation were recruited from a medical center. Patients were randomly assigned to group K (treated with 5% ketorolac tromethamine spray) or group D (treated with distilled water spray). Before intubation, each endotracheal tube was sprayed with the appropriate solution by physicians over the 20 cm length of the cuff. Each group comprised 95 patients fitting the inclusion and exclusion criteria for whom complete data sets were collected. The intensity of the sore throat was measured at 1, 3, 6, and 24 h after surgery, and data were compared.Results. The two groups had similar characteristics. Postoperative sore throat was significantly less frequent in group K than in group D (p< 0.001) and the pain intensity was significantly lower in group K than in group D at each time point (allp< 0.001).Conclusions. This study demonstrated that preanesthesia 5% ketorolac tromethamine spray could effectively decrease postendotracheal-intubation-induced sore throat in patients undergoing general anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: F C
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1712-4053
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Center of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Tsay
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H E
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7194-877X
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058993:Oral Sprays; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D058993:Oral Sprays; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine