title: Raman micro-spectroscopy applied to treatment resistant and sensitive human ovarian cancer cells.
abstract: Despite the many advances intended to enhance the response to treatment, the survival rate of patients with ovarian cancer has only marginally improved in the past few decades. One major cause for this, is the lack of diagnostics for platinum-resistant disease. The goal of this study was to determine whether Raman micro-spectroscopy in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis could discriminate between chemically fixed cisplatin-resistant (A2780cp) and cisplatin-sensitive (A2780s) human ovarian carcinoma cells. Raman spectra collected from individual cells were pre-processed and subsequently analyzed with Principal Component Analysis - Linear Discriminant Analysis (PCA-LDA). Statistically significant differences (P <  0.0001) were observed between the Raman spectra of A2780s and A2780cp cells. A diagnostic accuracy of 82% was obtained using the PCA-LDA classifier model for the discrimination between the A2780s and A2780cp cells. The loading plot analysis suggests that relative increases in proteins and glutathione in the cisplatin-resistant cells compared to the cisplatin-sensitive cells are most likely the major source of discrimination between the two types of cells. These results support the potential application of Raman spectroscopy in the identification of chemo-resistant tumors prior to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moradi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Abrar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shepherdson
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Nhung H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Vuong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Gosia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Niedbala
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Libni
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eapen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vanderhyden
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Balazs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nyiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Sangeeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murugkar
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D012372:ROC Curve; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
keywords: PCA-LDA; Raman micro-spectroscopy; ovarian cancer; treatment resistance