title: Feasibility of a Respiratory Movement Evaluation Tool to Quantify Thoracoabdominal Movement for Neuromuscular Diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An objective method to evaluate thoracoabdominal movement is needed in daily clinical practice to detect patients at risk of hypoventilation and to allow for timely interventions in neuromuscular diseases. The clinical feasibility, reliability, and validity of a newly developed method for quantifying respiratory movement using fiber grating sensors, called the Respiratory Movement Evaluation Tool (RMET), was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The time needed to measure respiratory movement and the usability of the measurement were determined by 5 clinicians using the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST) 2.0 questionnaire. Thoracoabdominal movement was measured using RMET 3 times in 10 healthy subjects to evaluate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The subjects were encouraged to breathe 10 times while voluntarily changing the amount of air during ventilation simultaneously with the RMET and a spirometer, and their correlations were evaluated to test validity using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients. The same measurements were also performed in 10 subjects with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Real-time recordings of thoracoabdominal movements were obtained over a mean time of 374 ± 23.9 s. With QUEST 2.0, the median score of each item exceeded 3 (more or less satisfied). In healthy subjects, ICC(1,1) ranged from 0.82 to 0.99, and ICC(2,1) ranged from 0.83 to 0.97. Significant correlations were observed between the respiratory amplitudes measured with RMET, and the amount of air during ventilation was measured with a spirometer (r = 0.995,P< .001). In subjects with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, ICC(1,1) ranged from 0.87 to 0.97, and ICC(2,1) ranged from 0.84 to 0.99. The respiratory amplitudes measured with RMET correlated significantly with the amount of air during ventilation with a spirometer (r = 0.957,P< .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We developed a novel method of quantifying respiratory movement called RMET that was feasible to use in daily clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Keio University Faculty of Science and Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimimasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taki
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Hospital Organization Utano Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Higashi-Saitama Hospital, Hasuda, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Care, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Syoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Higashi-Saitama Hospital, Hasuda, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Keio University Faculty of Science and Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. meigenliukeio@mac.com.
authors.forename: Meigen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007040:Hypoventilation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011792:Quebec; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012119:Respiration; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013909:Thorax / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; abdominal wall; breathing; breathing movement; chest wall; device; motion analysis; pulmonary function test