title: Impact of Age, Gender, and Body Composition on Bone Quality in an Adult Population From the Middle Areas of China.
abstract: Identifying modifiable factors that influence bone status during adulthood to maximize bone quality is a potential primary strategy in the prevention of osteoporosis in later life. We investigated the impact of body height, body weight, body mass index, and body composition on calcaneal bone characteristics as measured with quantitative ultrasound in 441 Chinese adults (238 women) aged 20-55 yr from the middle areas of China. Body composition, including fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass, and fat mass were obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Bivariate correlation analysis demonstrated a significant negative correlation between age and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS), and stiffness index (SI) both in men (r = -0.177, p < 0.05; r = -0.499, p < 0.001; r = -0.530, p < 0.001, respectively) and women (r = -0.344, p < 0.001; r = -0.336, p < 0.001; r = -0.369, p < 0.001, respectively). Body height, body weight, FFM, and muscle mass had positive correlations with BUA, SOS, and SI in both genders, with FFM having the strongest correlation with BUA, SOS, and SI in men (r = 0.351, p < 0.001; r = 0.391, p < 0.001; r = 0.406, p < 0.001, respectively) and women (r = 0.331, p < 0.001; r = 0.288, p < 0.001; r = 0.324, p < 0.001, respectively). Fat mass had a positive correlation with BUA (r = 0.331, p < 0.001), SOS (r = 0.288, p < 0.001), and SI (r = 0.324, p < 0.001) in women, which was not found in men. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that, in both genders, FFM was a positive predictor for all 3 quantitative ultrasound variables.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Automation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Zenghui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: zhding_gz@126.com.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Yubing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Zuchang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Yining
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002681:China; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Age; body composition; fat-free mass; osteoporosis; quantitative ultrasound