title: The role of flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy in Robin Sequence: A systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Systematically search literature for flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) use in Robin Sequence (RS) patients, in diverse clinical scenarios.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pubmed, LILACS and SCIELO.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review using a sensitive search strategy focused on RS patients and FFL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 48 full text articles included in this systematic review. No summary meta-analytic measurement could be calculated due to heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes. FFL approaches were grouped in five topics, as follows: Endoscopic classification: no evidence on superiority of awake over light sedation and correlation of grading scales with symptom severity. Airway abnormalities: high incidence of concomitant lesions besides glossoptosis. Swallowing evaluation: no validation against fluoroscopy (gold standard) yet. Intubation aid for mechanical ventilation: ultra-thin bronchoscopes improve success rates of intubation. Treatment outcome monitoring: no consensus on ideal parameters to be checked.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some applications have their roles already well established in the management of RS patients, like the evaluation of glossoptosis and associated lesions and as an intubation assistance tool, while others need to be the subject of further research, like the exact method of evaluation, its association with clinical manifestations, its role in swallowing investigation and as a postoperative success predictor.
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address: denisemanica@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Manica
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schweiger
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sekine
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Simone Chaves
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Fagondes
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil; Professor of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kuhl
authors.affiliation: Professor of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcus Vinicius Martins
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Collares
authors.affiliation: Professor of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Pediatric Pneumology Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo José Cauduro
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Marostica
mesh_terms: D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020704:Laryngoscopes; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010855:Pierre Robin Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Endoscopy; Intubation; Laryngoscopy; Mandible; Pierre Robin syndrome