title: Tracing source and migration of Pb during waste incineration using stable Pb isotopes.
abstract: Emission of Pb is a significant environmental concern during solid waste incineration. To target Pb emission control strategies effectively, the major sources of Pb in the waste incineration byproducts must be traced and quantified. However, identifying the migration of Pb in each waste component is difficult because of the heterogeneity of the waste. This study used a laboratory-scale incinerator to simulate the incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW). The Pb isotope ratios of the major waste components (207Pb/206Pb=0.8550-0.8627 and208Pb/206Pb=2.0957-2.1131) and their incineration byproducts were measured to trace sources and quantify the Pb contribution of each component to incineration byproducts. As the proportions of food waste (FW), newspaper (NP), and polyethylene bag (PE) in the artificial MSW changed, the contribution ratios of FW and PE to Pb in fly ash changed accordingly, ranging from 31.2% to 50.6% and from 35.0% to 41.8%, respectively. The replacement of PE by PVC significantly increased the partitioning and migration ratio of Pb. The use of Pb isotope ratios as a quantitative tool for tracing Pb from raw waste to incineration byproducts is a feasible means for improving Pb pollution control.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China. Electronic address: zhanghua_tj@tongji.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Research and Training Center on Rural Waste Management, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of P.R. China, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
authors.forename: Li-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Research and Training Center on Rural Waste Management, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of P.R. China, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
authors.forename: Pin-Jing
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: He
keywords: Lead isotope ratios; Lead migration; Tracing source; Waste thermal treatment