title: Low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration promotes the adhesion and the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured on a hydroxyapatite-coated surface: The direct role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation.
abstract: The positive effect of low-magnitude, high‑frequency (LMHF) vibration on implant osseointegration has been demonstrated; however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of LMHF vibration on the adhesion and the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured on hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated surfaces in an in vitro model as well as to elucidate the molecular mechanism responsible for the effects of LMHF vibration on osteogenesis. LMHF vibration resulted in the increased expression of fibronectin, which was measured by immunostaining and RT-qPCR. Stimulation of BMSCs by LMHF vibration resulted in the rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton with more prominent F-actin. Moreover, the expression of β1 integrin, vinculin and paxillin was notably increased following LMHF stimulation. Scanning electron microscope observations revealed that there were higher cell numbers and more extracellular matrix attached to the HA-coated surface in the LMHF group. Alkaline phosphatase activity as well as the expression of osteogenic-specific genes, namely Runx2, osterix, collagen I and osteocalcin, were significantly elevated in the LMHF group. In addition, the protein expression of Wnt10B, β-catenin, Runx2 and osterix was increased following exposure to LMHF vibration. Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that LMHF vibration promotes the adhesion and the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs on HA-coated surfaces in vitro, and LMHF vibration may directly induce osteogenesis by activating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. These data suggest that LMHF vibration enhances the osseointegration of bone to a HA-coated implant, and provide a scientific foundation for improving bone-implant osseointegration through the application of LMHF vibration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bailing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital (301 Hospital), Beijing 100853, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yiqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics), Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Denghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haowen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014732:Vibration; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005353:Fibronectins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017886:Durapatite; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase