title: Acute pulmonary involvement by paracoccidiodomycosis disease immediately after kidney transplantation: Case report and literature review.
abstract: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the cause of paracoccidioidomycosis, one of the most important systemic mycoses in Latin America. Human disease has been observed in a limited geographic and ecological niche, and it is attributed to exposure to the fungus in soil. Most primary infections are subclinical, as the infection is contained by the host mainly through cell-mediated immune response. However, as the fungus has the ability to survive in a dormant state for long periods, an impairment of the immune response may lead to reactivation and clinical disease. Surprisingly, paracoccidioidomycosis has rarely been reported in transplanted patients. The aim of this communication is to report a case occurring in a kidney recipient in an acute clinical form immediately after transplantation, and to review the available information on previously reported cases.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Instituto de Nefrología/Nephrology, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marcelo V
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7459-6156
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Radisic
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Instituto de Nefrología/Nephrology, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Linares
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Unit, Mycology (Unidad de Parasitologia Micología) Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|Microbiology Department (Departamento de Microbiología), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Afeltra
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Instituto de Nefrología/Nephrology, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pujato
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Unit, Mycology (Unidad de Parasitologia Micología) Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Roxana G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Vitale
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Instituto de Nefrología/Nephrology, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.affiliation: Kidney Transplant Unit, Department of Transplantation, Instituto de Nefrología/Nephrology, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Dotta
authors.affiliation: Kidney Transplant Unit, Department of Transplantation, Instituto de Nefrología/Nephrology, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Domingo H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Casadei
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007843:Latin America; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D017964:Itraconazole; D014640:Vancomycin; D015378:Imipenem; D000666:Amphotericin B; D008775:Methylprednisolone
keywords: endemic mycosis; kidney transplantation; liposomal amphotericin B; paracoccidioidomycosis; pulmonary disease