title: Silencing of an α-dioxygenase gene, Ca-DOX, retards growth and suppresses basal disease resistance responses in Capsicum annum.
abstract: Alpha-dioxygenases (α-DOX) catalyzing the primary oxygenation of fatty acids to oxylipins were recently found in plants. Here, the biological roles of the pepper α-DOX (Ca-DOX) gene, which is strongly induced during non-host pathogen infection in chili pepper, were examined. Virus-induced gene silencing demonstrated that down-regulation of Ca-DOX enhanced susceptibility to bacterial pathogens and suppressed the hypersensitive response via the suppression of pathogenesis-related genes such as PR4, proteinase inhibitor II and lipid transfer protein (PR14). Ca-DOX-silenced pepper plants also exhibited more retarded growth with lower epidermal cell numbers and reduced cell wall thickness than control plants. To better understand regulation of Ca-DOX, transgenic Arabidopsis plants harboring the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene driven from a putative Ca-DOX promoter were generated. GUS expression was significantly induced upon avirulent pathogen infection in transgenic Arabidopsis leaves, whereas GUS induction was relatively weak upon virulent pathogen treatment. After treatment with plant hormones, early and strong GUS expression was seen after treatment of salicylic acid, whereas ethylene and methyl jasmonate treatments produced relatively weak and late GUS signals. These results will enable us to further understand the role of α-DOX, which is important in lipid metabolism, defense responses, and growth development in plants.
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, 34141, South Korea.|Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong, 27709, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chi Eun
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, 34141, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Im
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, 34141, South Korea.|Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, 34141, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, 34141, South Korea.|Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jiyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, 34141, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ah-Young
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Jin
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Gyeong Mee
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, 34141, South Korea.|Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
authors.forename: Suk-Yoon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong, 27709, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ick-Hyun
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, 34141, South Korea. jmpark@kribb.re.kr.|Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea. jmpark@kribb.re.kr.
authors.forename: Jeong Mee
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002212:Capsicum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D049308:Dioxygenases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D020868:Gene Silencing; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000502:physiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D049308:Dioxygenases
keywords: Alpha-DOX; Basal defense response; Chili pepper; Oxylipin; Promoter; VIGS