title: Impact of dengue virus (serotype DENV-2) infection on liver of BALB/c mice: A histopathological analysis.
abstract: In this research, we characterized the histopathological impact of dengue virus (serotype DENV-2) infection in livers of BALB/c mice. The mice were infected with different doses of DENV-2 via intraperitoneal injection and liver tissues were processed for histological analyses and variation was documented. In the BALB/c mouse model, typical liver tissues showed regular hepatocyte architecture, with normal endothelial cells surrounding sinusoid capillary. Based on histopathological observations, the liver sections of BALB/c mice infected by DENV-2 exhibited a loss of cell integrity, with a widening of the sinusoidal spaces. There were marked increases in the infiltration of mononuclear cells. The areas of hemorrhage and micro- and macrovesicular steatosis were noted. Necrosis and apoptosis were abundantly present. The hallmark of viral infection, i.e., cytopathic effects, included intracellular edema and vacuole formation, cumulatively led to sinusoidal and lobular collapse in the liver. The histopathological studies on autopsy specimens of fatal human DENV cases are important to shed light on tissue damage for preventive and treatment modalities, in order to manage future DENV infections. In this framework, the method present here on BALB/c mouse model may be used to study not only the effects of infections by other DENV serotypes, but also to investigate the effects of novel drugs, such as recently developed nano-formulations, and the relative recovery ability with intact immune functions of host.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakinah
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sivan Padma
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Priya
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sharmilah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Fatin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amira
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Poorani
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: K
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hiba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alsaeedy
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mok Pooi
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hui-Yee
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhong-li, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan; Department of Reproduction, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Akon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alarfaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Murugan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Munusamy
authors.affiliation: Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Kadarkarai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murugan
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Che Norma Mat
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Taib
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Palanisamy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arulselvan
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-21, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mariappan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Vasantha Kumari
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Neela
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rukman Awang
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hamat
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via delBorghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; The BioRobotics Institute, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, VialeRinaldoPiaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: sureshkudsc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S Suresh
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003715:Dengue / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D065288:Serogroup
keywords: Arbovirus; BALB/c mice model; Dengue fever; Histopathology