title: Application of Focused Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for the Quantification of Persistent Organic Pollutions in Liver Tissue of Giant Toad (Rhinella marina).
abstract: A simple and rapid focused ultrasound extraction method was developed for the determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in liver tissue obtained of giant toad (Rhinella marina) using a gas chromatography coupled to a mass detector with electron impact ionization. The performed method for POPs, was validated in fortified matrix, showing linearity from the LOQ up to 100 ng/mL; LODs and LOQs for each compound were between 1.7 and 4.8 and 3.5-7.5 ng/mL, respectively. Recovery rates were among 79%-116% for POPs determined. Finally, the method was applied in liver samples of giant toads found in a malarial area in Mexico. The sensitivity of the proposed method was good enough to ensure reliable determination of target analytes at concentration levels commonly found in this kind of samples.
authors.affiliation: Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico. rfloresra@conacyt.mx.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Flores-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Laboratorio de Salud Total, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Espinosa-Reyes
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Laboratorio de Salud Total, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Cilia-López
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Laboratorio de Salud Total, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: González-Mille
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Laboratorio de Salud Total, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Laboratorio de Salud Total, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Díaz de León-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Laboratorio de Salud Total, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Díaz-Barriga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002024:Bufo marinus / Q000378:metabolism*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008800:Mexico
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants
keywords: Biomonitor; Focused ultrasound extraction; Mexico; Persistent Organic Pollutants