title: The SPECIES beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory: a facility for soft X-ray RIXS and APXPS.
abstract: SPECIES is an undulator-based soft X-ray beamline that replaced the old I511 beamline at the MAX II storage ring. SPECIES is aimed at high-resolution ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS), near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS), X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) experiments. The beamline has two branches that use a common elliptically polarizing undulator and monochromator. The beam is switched between the two branches by changing the focusing optics after the monochromator. Both branches have separate exit slits, refocusing optics and dedicated permanent endstations. This allows very fast switching between two types of experiments and offers a unique combination of the surface-sensitive XPS and bulk-sensitive RIXS techniques both in UHV and at elevated ambient-pressure conditions on a single beamline. Another unique property of the beamline is that it reaches energies down to approximately 27 eV, which is not obtainable on other current APXPS beamlines. This allows, for instance, valence band studies under ambient-pressure conditions. In this article the main properties and performance of the beamline are presented, together with selected showcase experiments performed on the new setup.
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Samuli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urpelainen
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Conny
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Såthe
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Walan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grizolli
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, PO Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agåker
authors.affiliation: Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ashley R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Head
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Margit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Shih Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Brian N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wallén
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tarawneh
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Rami
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sankari
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nyholm
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mirjam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindberg
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sjöblom
authors.affiliation: Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Niclas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Benjamin N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Reinecke
authors.affiliation: Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: M Alif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arman
authors.affiliation: Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lindsay R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Merte
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schnadt
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jesper N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hennies
keywords: APXPS; MAX IV; RIXS; beamlines