title: Analysis of the impact of lung cancer treatment on nontuberculous mycobacterial lung diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung diseases can occur in association with lung cancer, no study has evaluated the effect of lung cancer treatment on NTM lung diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed to retrospectively examine the effect of lung cancer treatment on NTM lung diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients diagnosed with NTM lung diseases in combination with cytologically or histologically proven lung cancer between January 1, 2010 and October 31, 2014 were enroled. The clinical history of eligible patients was retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven hundred twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with NTM lung diseases. Among these patients, 29 (3.9%) also had lung cancer. Of the 29 patients with NTM and lung cancer, 62% had Mycobacterium avium complex as the pathogenic organism. The most common lung cancer histology was adenocarcinoma (62.1%). Anti-cancer cytotoxic chemotherapy was administered to seven patients, and the two patients who did not receive NTM treatment showed worsening of their NTM lung disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whether NTM lung disease should be treated during anti-cancer chemotherapy has not been not clarified by this study. Induction of anti-NTM therapy should be made after careful consideration, because the duration of anti-NTM treatment is long and anti-mycobacterial drugs have extensive effects on anti-cancer drugs. However, we think that anti-NTM therapy should be introduced after consideration of the worsening of symptoms and radiological findings associated with NTM lung disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: tsujita@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Taisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: tsuyuguchi@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuyuguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: ktachiba@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Kazunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: youhei-kimuta@hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: t-kobayashi@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: s-minomo@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Shojiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minomo
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: s-atagi@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: a-matsumura@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Akihide
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: shayashi@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address: ksuzuki@kch.hosp.go.jp.
authors.forename: Katsuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Cytotoxic chemotherapy; Lung cancer; Nontuberculous mycobacteria