title: Discriminating the hemolytic risk of blood type A plasmas using the complement hemolysis using human erythrocytes (CHUHE) assay.
abstract: The agglutination-based cross-matching method is sensitive for antibody binding to red blood cells but is only partially predictive of complement-mediated hemolysis, which is important in many acute hemolytic transfusion reactions. Here, we describe complement hemolysis using human erythrocytes (CHUHE) assays that directly evaluate complement-mediated hemolysis between individual serum-plasma and red blood cell combinations. The CHUHE assay is used to evaluate correlations between agglutination titers and complement-mediated hemolysis as well as the hemolytic potential of plasma from type A blood donors.
  
  
  
  Plasma or serum from each type A blood donor was incubated with AB or B red blood cells in the CHUHE assay and measured for free hemoglobin release.
  
  
  
  CHUHE assays for serum or plasma demonstrate a wide, dynamic range and high sensitivity for complement-mediated hemolysis for individual serum/plasma and red blood cell combinations. CHUHE results suggest that agglutination assays alone are only moderately predictive of complement-mediated hemolysis. CHUHE results also suggest that plasma from particular type A blood donors produce minimal complement-mediated hemolysis, whereas plasma from other type A blood donors produce moderate to high-level complement-mediated hemolysis, depending on the red blood cell donor.
  
  
  
  The current results indicate that the CHUHE assay can be used to assess complement-mediated hemolysis for plasma or serum from a type A blood donor, providing additional risk discrimination over agglutination titers alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.|Children's Specialty Group, Norfolk, Virginia.|Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Kenji M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cunnion
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Pamela S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Hair
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.|Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Neel K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Megan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sass
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Clinton W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Enos
authors.affiliation: American Red Cross, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Pamela H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Whitley
authors.affiliation: American Red Cross, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Lanne Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.affiliation: American Red Cross Blood Services, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Corinne L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000378:metabolism*; D001788:Blood Grouping and Crossmatching / Q000379:methods*; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010949:Plasma / Q000378:metabolism*; D065227:Transfusion Reaction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D003165:Complement System Proteins