title: Genetics in the Clinical Decision of Antiplatelet Treatment.
abstract: Coronary artery disease remains the leading cause of death globally. Dual antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and aP2Y12 receptor significantly reduces thrombotic events. However, antiplatelet drug response displays considerable interindividual variability.
  
  
  
  Genetic factors account for up to 70% of impaired drug response. A number of genes encoding proteins involved in the pharmacokinetic pathway have been found to alter drug response.
  
  
  
  According to most studies, CYP2C19 gene is the strongest genetic determinant. The novel antiplatelet agents prasugrel and ticagrelor, seem to overcome genetic restrictions but in expense of increased bleeding rates. Achieving a balance between adequate platelet inhibition and bleeding complications is challenging.
  
  
  
  Genetic screening may provide valuable guidance towards an efficient antiplatelet treatment. However, the lack of randomized controls trials testing the effect of a genotype-guided therapy, forbids the implementation of genetic testing into clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Harvard-MIT Biomedical Engineering Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Gerasimos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Siasos
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaromitidou
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oikonomou
authors.forename: Manolis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vavuranakis
authors.forename: Vicky
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tsigkou
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chaniotis
authors.forename: Dimitrios A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Vrachatis
authors.forename: Christodoulos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stefanadis
authors.forename: Athanasios G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Papavassiliou
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tousoulis
mesh_terms: D000066491:Clinical Decision-Making; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
keywords: Antiplatelets; atherosclerosis; clopidogrel; coronary artery disease; genetics; polymorphisms