title: Non-union fracture neck femur in a toddler: Reconstructed by valgus osteotomy - A minimally invasive approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-union is one of the devastating complications of fracture neck of femur. Though a very rarely encountered entity in a toddler (1-3 years paediatric age group), non-united femoral neck fractures are reported in developing countries because of mismanagement by quacks and delay in referrals. For operative treatment, many different procedures have been described, including close/open reduction and internal fixation using K-wires, cannulated screws, fibula or nails. There is no evidence in the literature that one or other implant influences the rate of postoperative complications, such as avascular femoral head necrosis or coxa vara. But, still the choice of fixation implant is debatable.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a case of 3-year-old child of non-union femoral neck fracture treated with valgus osteotomy. Choice of implant was kept to bare minimum to reduce the cost of implant and magnitude of surgery, which made the surgery minimally invasive, which is not the case in other studies. Two solid cancellous screws and a Kirschner wire (K-wire) were used to acheive fixation. Implant was removed after one year. The patient was followed up for 2 years and was found to be asymptomatic clinically with restoration of neck shaft angle and no signs of AVN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our method of intertrochanteric valgus osteotomy and internal fixation stabilized using K-wire and screws is a technically simple yet effective method of treating difficult fracture neck femur. Although a larger series and multicentric trails are needed, yet we would safely recommend extension of this technique to unstable fractures, to minimize the incidence of complications, cost and magnitude of surgery.
authors.affiliation: Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Lalit
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maini
keywords: Fracture neck of femur; Minimally invasive; Non-union; Paediatric age group; Toddler; Valgus osteotomy