title: HSP90 inhibition suppresses inflammatory response and reduces carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Emerging evidences indicate that heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) is associated with atherogenesis. However, the effect of HSP90 on plaque stability is largely unknown. In this study, we explored the role of HSP90 in plaque development and its regulatory mechanisms on vasculature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Heat-shock protein90-overexpression lentivirus (Lenti-HSP90) was used to transfect apoE-/-mice after constrictive collars were planted at the right common carotid arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a result, HSP90 gene overexpression led to reduction in en face plaque area and increase in unstable plaque with heavier accumulation of lipids. Concomitantly, more macrophages, less smooth muscle cells, and collagen were generated, suggesting aggravated inflammation. However, inhibition of HSP90 with 17-AAG, a HSP90-inhibitor, induced opposing effects. Moreover, HSP90 upregulated plaque MMP-8, which might be the underlying mechanism of the change in plaque vulnerability index. Further, the translocation of NF-κB was promoted by HSP90, while inhibition of NF-κB significantly reduced MMP-8 production, which is upregulated by HSP90.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggested that HSP90 governs plaque development and vulnerability, as well as inflammation, at least in part via MMP-8 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasonography, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Liyong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D016227:Benzoquinones; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic; D016328:NF-kappa B; C112765:tanespimycin; C576328:MMP8 protein, mouse; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8
keywords: Atherosclerotic plaque; Carotid; Hsp90; Inflammatory