title: Antileishmanial evaluation of clubbed bis(indolyl)-pyridine derivatives: One-pot synthesis, in vitro biological evaluations and in silico ADME prediction.
abstract: A new series of bis(indolyl)-pyridine derivatives 6(a-m) were synthesized by Chichibabin reaction process and evaluated for antileishmanial and antibacterial activities to establish structure-activity relationship. The synthesis was carried out through one-pot multicomponent reaction of 3-acetylindole, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in the presence of camphor-10-sulfonic acid as a catalyst. The compounds 6d (IC50=102.47μM) and 6f (IC50=99.49μM) had shown promising antileishmanial against L. donovani promastigotes when compared with standard sodium stibogluconate (IC50=490.00μM). All the synthesized compounds (MIC range=41.35-228.69μg/mL) had shown potent antibacterial activity than standard ampicillin (MIC range=100.00-250.00μg/mL) against all the tested bacterial strains. In silico ADME and metabolic site prediction studies were also held out to set an effective lead candidate for the future antileishmanial and antibacterial drug discovery initiatives.
authors.affiliation: Y.B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus, Aurangabad 431001, M.S., India.
authors.forename: Firoz A Kalam
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Y.B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus, Aurangabad 431001, M.S., India. Electronic address: zahidzresearch@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zahid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zaheer
authors.affiliation: Y.B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus, Aurangabad 431001, M.S., India.
authors.forename: Jaiprakash N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Sangshetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, M.S., India.
authors.forename: Rajendra H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Maulana Azad Post Graduate and Research Centre, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus, Aurangabad 431001, M.S., India.
authors.forename: Mazahar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farooqui
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D011725:Pyridines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D011725:Pyridines; C023666:pyridine
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Antileishmanial activity; Bis(indolyl)-pyridines; Camphor-10-sulfonic acid; In silico studies