title: Randomized controlled study of the safety and efficacy of nitrous oxide-sedated endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for digestive tract diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nitrous oxide-sedated endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enrolled patients were divided randomly into an experimental group (inhalation of nitrous oxide) and a control group (inhalation of pure oxygen) and heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, and the occurrence of complications were monitored and recorded. All patients and physicians completed satisfaction questionnaires about the examination and scored the process using a visual analog scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, ECG changes, or complication rate between the two groups of patients (P> 0.05). However, patient and physician satisfaction were both significantly higher in the nitrous oxide compared with the control group (P< 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nitrous oxide-sedation is a safe and effective option for patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration.
authors.affiliation: Cai-Xia Wang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Jia-Ni Wang, Xin Yu, Feng Yang, Si-Yu Sun, Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Cai-Xia
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Cai-Xia Wang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Jia-Ni Wang, Xin Yu, Feng Yang, Si-Yu Sun, Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Cai-Xia Wang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Jia-Ni Wang, Xin Yu, Feng Yang, Si-Yu Sun, Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Cai-Xia Wang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Jia-Ni Wang, Xin Yu, Feng Yang, Si-Yu Sun, Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Ni
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Cai-Xia Wang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Jia-Ni Wang, Xin Yu, Feng Yang, Si-Yu Sun, Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Cai-Xia Wang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Jia-Ni Wang, Xin Yu, Feng Yang, Si-Yu Sun, Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Cai-Xia Wang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Jia-Ni Wang, Xin Yu, Feng Yang, Si-Yu Sun, Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Si-Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000453:epidemiology; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D004066:Digestive System Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D061765:Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration / Q000379:methods*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000453:epidemiology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D009609:Nitrous Oxide
keywords: Endoscopic ultrasonography; Fine needle aspiration; Nitrous oxide; Sedation