title: Biopolymeric self-assembled nanoparticles for enhanced antibacterial activity of Ag-based compounds.
abstract: Microbial infections still remain one of the main issues for human health. The rapid development of resistance towards the most common antimicrobial drugs in bacteria represents today a challenge in the infections management. In the present work we have investigated the antibacterial activity of a group of compounds, namely silver N-heterocyclic carbene complexes, against a broad spectrum of bacteria. For the most promising compound, a biopolymeric nanocarrier has been developed, in order to potentiate the metal complex activity against both Gram +ve and Gram -ve. The polymeric nanovehicle is based on dextran, modified with oleic acid residues, that confer amphiphilic properties to the polysaccharide. We have characterized the obtained biomaterial and studied its ability to self-assemble into nanoparticles in aqueous environment. Next, the transdermal diffusion analyses have been carried out to evaluate the ability of the polymeric particles to penetrate tissues. Thanks to the strategy adopted, we have fabricated an antibacterial system to which K. pneumoniae and E. coli are the most sensitive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
authors.forename: Dhanya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dhanyalayam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scrivano
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
authors.forename: Ortensia Ilaria
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Stefania
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sinicropi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
authors.forename: Antonietta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fazio
authors.affiliation: Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy. Electronic address: saturnino@unisa.it.
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saturnino
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN-CNR, O.U. Palermo, Deptartment of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Rosaria
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Plutino
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA) Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca Di
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Cristo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy. Electronic address: francesco.puoci@unical.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Puoci
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Rita
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cappello
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Longo
mesh_terms: D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003911:Dextrans / Q000737:chemistry; D004058:Diffusion; D048289:Imidazolidines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D056831:Coordination Complexes; D003911:Dextrans; D048289:Imidazolidines; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; C000620775:iodide(N-methyl-N-(2-hydoxy-2-phenyl)ethyl-imidazole-2-ylidine)silver; C000620776:iodide(N-methyl-N-(2-hydoxy-cyclohexyl)-imidazole-2-ylidine); C000620774:iodide(N-methyl-N-(2-hydoxy-cyclopentyl-imidazole-2-ylidine))silver; D019301:Oleic Acid; D012834:Silver
keywords: Antibacterial drug; Dextran; Hydrophilic-hydrophobic polymer; N-heterocyclic carbene; Oleic acid; Polymer nanovesicles; Silver