title: Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke leads to increased mitochondrial DNA content in umbilical cord serum associated to reduced gestational age.
abstract: We investigated if prenatal exposures to tobacco smoke lead to changes in mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNA) in cord serum and adversely affect newborns' health. Umbilical cord serum cotinine levels were used to determine in utero exposure to smoking. Cord serum mtDNA was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of the genes coding for cytochrome c oxidase1 (MT-CO1) and cytochrome c oxidase2 (MT-CO2). Log transformed levels of mtDNA coding for MT-CO1 and MT-CO2 were significantly higher among infants of active smokers with higher serum level of cotinine (p < 0.05) and inversely associated with gestational age (p = 0.08; p = 0.02). Structural equation modeling results confirmed a positive association between cotinine and MT-CO1 and2 (p < 0.01) and inverse associations with gestational age (p = 0.02) and IGF-1 (p < 0.01). We identified a dose-dependent increase in the level of MT-CO1 and MT-CO2 associated to increased cord serum cotinine and decreased gestational age.
authors.affiliation: a Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pirini
authors.affiliation: b Milken Institute School of Public Health , The George Washington University , Washington , DC , USA.
authors.forename: Lynn R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.affiliation: a Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Ethan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soudry
authors.affiliation: c The Biodesign Institute and Global Security Initiative, Center for Environmental Security , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , USA.
authors.forename: Rolf U
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Halden
authors.affiliation: d Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, School of Medicine , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Witter
authors.affiliation: a Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sidransky
authors.affiliation: a Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA.|e Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine , San Juan , Puerto Rico.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Preston
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015142:Baltimore / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: MT-CO1; MT-CO2; Prenatal exposure; gestational age; maternal smoking; mitochondrial DNA content; molecular biomarkers in cord serum