title: Empagliflozin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Established Cardiovascular Disease　- Results From EMPA-REG OUTCOME®.
abstract: In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME®trial, empagliflozin added to standard of care reduced the risk of 3-point major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (3-point MACE: composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke) by 14%, CV death by 38%, hospitalization for heart failure by 35%, and all-cause mortality by 32% in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and established CV disease. We investigated the effects of empagliflozin in patients of Asian race.
  
  
  
  Patients were randomized to receive empagliflozin 10 mg, empagliflozin 25 mg, or placebo. Of 7,020 patients treated, 1,517 (21.6%) were of Asian race. The reduction in 3-point MACE in Asian patients was consistent with the overall population: 3-point MACE occurred in 79/1,006 patients (7.9%) in the pooled empagliflozin group vs. 58/511 patients (11.4%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio: 0.68 [95% confidence interval: 0.48-0.95], P-value for treatment by race interaction (Asian, White, Black/African-American): 0.0872). The effects of empagliflozin on the components of MACE, all-cause mortality, and heart failure outcomes in Asian patients were consistent with the overall population (P-values for interaction by race >0.05). The adverse event profile of empagliflozin in Asian patients was similar to the overall trial population.
  
  
  
  Reductions in the risk of CV outcomes and mortality with empagliflozin in Asian patients with T2DM and established CV disease were consistent with the overall trial population.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaku
authors.forename: Jisoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mattheus
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaspers
authors.forename: Jyothis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Hans-Juergen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Woerle
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005960:Glucosides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000517:prevention & control; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D005960:Glucosides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C570240:empagliflozin