title: Fabrication of a three-dimensional β-tricalcium-phosphate/gelatin containing chitosan-based nanoparticles for sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein-2: Implication for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Fabrication of an ideal scaffold having proper composition, physical structure and able to have sustained release of growth factors still is challenging for bone tissue engineering. Current study aimed to design an appropriate three-dimensional (3-D) scaffold with suitable physical characteristics, including proper compressive strength, degradation rate, porosity, and able to sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), for bone tissue engineering. A highly porous 3-D β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds, inside of which two perpendicular canals were created, was fabricated using foam-casting technique. Then, scaffolds were coated with gelatin layer. Next, BMP2-loaded chitosan (CS) nanoparticles were dispersed into collagen hydrogel and filled into the scaffold canals. Physical characteristics of fabricated constructs were evaluated. Moreover, the capability of given construct for bone regeneration has been evaluated in vitro in interaction with human buccal fat pad-derived stem cells (hBFPSCs). The results showed that gelatin-coated TCP scaffold with rhBMP2 delivery system not only could act as a mechanically and biologically compatible framework, but also act as an osteoinductive graft by sustained delivering of rhBMP2 in a therapeutic window for differentiation of hBFPSCs towards the osteoblast lineage. The proposed scaffold model can be suggested for delivering of cells and other growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), alone or in combination, for future investigations.
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farshid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bastami
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahrasadat
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Paknejad
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.affiliation: Department of Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salehi
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezai Rad
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: arashkhojasteh@sbmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khojasteh
mesh_terms: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D019245:Compressive Strength; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D005780:Gelatin; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Bone regeneration; Bone tissue engineering; Chitosan nanoparticles; Sustained release; rhBMP2; β-TCP