title: MADS-Box Genes and Gibberellins Regulate Bolting in Lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.).
abstract: Bolting in lettuce is promoted by high temperature and bolting resistance is of great economic importance for lettuce production. But how bolting is regulated at the molecular level remains elusive. Here, a bolting resistant line S24 and a bolting sensitive line S39 were selected for morphological, physiological, transcriptomic and proteomic comparisons. A total of 12204 genes were differentially expressed in S39 vs. S24. Line S39 was featured with larger leaves, higher levels of chlorophyll, soluble sugar, anthocyanin and auxin, consistent with its up-regulation of genes implicated in photosynthesis, oxidation-reduction and auxin actions. Proteomic analysis identified 30 differentially accumulated proteins in lines S39 and S24 upon heat treatment, and 19 out of the 30 genes showed differential expression in the RNA-Seq data. Exogenous gibberellins (GA) treatment promoted bolting in both S39 and S24, while 12 flowering promoting MADS-box genes were specifically induced in line S39, suggesting that although GA regulates bolting in lettuce, it may be the MADS-box genes, not GA, that plays a major role in differing the bolting resistance between these two lettuce lines.
authors.affiliation: Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture/New Technological Laboratory in Agriculture Application in Beijing Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yingyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Sciences, China Agricultural University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zijing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Sciences, China Agricultural University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture/New Technological Laboratory in Agriculture Application in Beijing Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xueliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture/New Technological Laboratory in Agriculture Application in Beijing Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Sciences, China Agricultural University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Renyi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture/New Technological Laboratory in Agriculture Application in Beijing Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shuangxi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Sciences, China Agricultural University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: RNA-Seq; bolting; flowering integrators; lettuce; proteomics