title: Mechanical Bowel Preparation Does Not Affect Clinical Severity of Anastomotic Leakage in Rectal Cancer Surgery.
abstract: Previous multicenter randomized trials demonstrated that omitting mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) did not increase anastomotic leakage rates or other infectious complications. However, the most serious concern regarding the omission of MBP is ongoing fecal peritonitis after anastomotic leakage occurs. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical manifestations and severity of anastomotic leakage between patients who underwent MBP and those who did not.
  
  
  
  This study was a single-center retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database. From January 2006 to September 2013, 1369 patients who underwent elective rectal cancer resection with primary anastomosis were identified and analyzed.
  
  
  
  Anastomotic leakage rates were not significantly different between patients who did not undergo MBP (77/831, 9.27%) and those who did (42/538, 7.81%). However, a significantly lower rate of clinical leakage requiring surgical exploration was observed in the leakage without MBP group (30/77, 39.0%) compared with the leakage with MBP group (30/42, 71.4%) (P = 0.001). There were no significant differences in the clinical severity of anastomotic leakage as assessed by the length of hospital stay, time to resuming a normal diet, length of antibiotic use, ileus rate, transfusion rate, ICU admission rate, and mortality rate between the leakage without MBP and leakage with MBP groups.
  
  
  
  MBP was not found to affect the clinical severity of anastomotic leakage in elective rectal cancer surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woong Bae
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chungju Hospital, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Koo Yong
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.affiliation: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jmkwak@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jung Myun
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Woo
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seon Hahn
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D057868:Anastomotic Leak / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002400:Cathartics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D002400:Cathartics