title: Synthesis of a novel thermo/pH sensitive nanogel based on salep modified graphene oxide for drug release.
abstract: Nanogels (NGs) are three-dimensional water soluble cross-linked hydrogel materials in the nanoscale size range with a high loading capacity for guest molecules and act as drug carrier systems. In the present work, a new type of thermo/pH sensitive NG comprising salep modified graphene oxide (SMGO) with branched N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylic acid (AA) was prepared. The SMGO/P(NIPAM-co-AA) NGs exhibited nanoporous structure and spherical particles with diameters about 82nm as characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The samples were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) to further confirm about the formation of NGs. Doxorubicin (DOX) loaded SMGO/P(NIPAM-co-AA) NGs showed thermo/pH dependent releasing behavior: slow drug release at neutral pH and lower temperature but increased significantly in acidic pH and higher temperature, without any burst release. In addition, the NGs exhibited no effect on the cell viability in the tested concentration range up to 410μg/mL and drug release systems enhanced toxicity to HeLa cells when compared to the equivalent dose of the free drug. Overall, our results put forth NGs as potential candidates in the development of a new nanocarrier for anti-cancer drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: rezanejad@pnu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Ghasem Rezanejade
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Bardajee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zari
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hooshyar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farsi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Akram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mobini
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Golnaz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sang
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D065546:Drug Liberation; D000067493:Dynamic Light Scattering; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D000080385:Nanogels; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D013818:Thermogravimetry
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D004337:Drug Carriers; D000080385:Nanogels; D010087:Oxides; C413692:polyethylene glycol polyethyleneimine nanogel; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006108:Graphite; D004317:Doxorubicin; D011094:Polyethyleneimine
keywords: Drug release; Graphene oxide; Nanogel; Salep