title: The prospective relationship between satisfaction with information and symptoms of depression and anxiety in breast cancer: A structural equation modeling analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous research has demonstrated associations between satisfaction with information and reduced emotional distress in cancer patients. However, as most studies were cross-sectional, the direction of this relationship remained unclear. We therefore aimed to test whether information satisfaction predicted subsequent depression and anxiety levels, and, reciprocally, depression and anxiety levels predicted subsequent information satisfaction, thus clarifying the direction of impact.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study with 436 female breast cancer patients (mean age 51 years). We measured information satisfaction with 2 self-developed items, symptoms of depression with the 2-item Patient Heath Questionnaire and symptoms of anxiety with the 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale. We created 2 structural equation models, 1 for depression and 1 for anxiety, that examined the prediction of 1-year depression (or anxiety) levels by baseline information satisfaction and, in the same model, 1-year information satisfaction by baseline depression (or anxiety) levels (cross-lagged panel analysis).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline information satisfaction predicted 1-year levels of both depression (beta = -0.17, P < .01) and anxiety (beta = -0.13, P < .01), adjusting for the baseline scores of the outcome variables. Conversely, baseline levels of depression (beta = -0.12, P < .05) and anxiety (beta = -0.16, P < .01) predicted 1-year information satisfaction, adjusting for its baseline score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest a bidirectional relationship between information satisfaction and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Thus, provision of information may reduce subsequent depression and anxiety, while reducing depression and anxiety levels may increase satisfaction with received information. Combining the provision of information with emotional support may be particularly beneficial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.|Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Faller
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strahl
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.affiliation: Reha-Zentrum Ückeritz, Klinik Ostseeblick, Ückeritz, Germany`.|Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Niehues
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D054626:Consumer Health Information; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: anxiety; cancer; depression; oncology; satisfaction with information; structural equation modeling