title: Rapid Evaluation of Platelet Function With T2 Magnetic Resonance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The clinical diagnosis of qualitative platelet disorders (QPDs) based on light transmission aggregometry (LTA) requires significant blood volume, time, and expertise, all of which can be barriers to utilization in some populations and settings. Our objective was to develop a more rapid assay of platelet function by measuring platelet-mediated clot contraction in small volumes (35 µL) of whole blood using T2 magnetic resonance (T2MR).
  
  
  METHODS
  We established normal ranges for platelet-mediated clot contraction using T2MR, used these ranges to study patients with known platelet dysfunction, and then evaluated agreement between T2MR and LTA with arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate, epinephrine, and thrombin receptor activator peptide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood from 21 healthy donors was studied. T2MR showed 100% agreement with LTA with each of the four agonists and their cognate inhibitors tested. T2MR successfully detected abnormalities in each of seven patients with known QPDs, with the exception of one patient with a novel mutation leading to Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. T2MR appeared to detect platelet function at similar or lower platelet counts than LTA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T2MR may provide a clinically useful approach to diagnose QPDs using small volumes of whole blood, while also providing new insight into platelet biology not evident using plasma-based platelet aggregation tests.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine.|Pathology and Laboratory Medicine.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuker
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine.
authors.forename: Holleh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Husseinzadeh
authors.affiliation: Pathology and Laboratory Medicine.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lebedeva
authors.affiliation: T2 Biosystems, Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Marturano
authors.affiliation: T2 Biosystems, Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Massefski
authors.affiliation: T2 Biosystems, Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lowery
authors.affiliation: Hematology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Michele P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine.|Pathology and Laboratory Medicine.
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.affiliation: Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Weisel
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine dcines@mail.med.upenn.edu.|Pathology and Laboratory Medicine.
authors.forename: Douglas B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Cines
mesh_terms: D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001791:Blood Platelet Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010979:Platelet Function Tests
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: Blood clotting; Blood platelets; Clot retraction; In vitro diagnostic devices; Platelet function tests; T2 magnetic resonance