title: Pathophysiology of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy - biomarkers, animal models and treatment perspectives.
abstract: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the leading pediatric neurological conditions causing long-term disabilities and socio-economical burdens. Nearly 20-50 % of asphyxiated newborns with HIE die within the newborn period and another third will develop severe health consequences and permanent handicaps. HIE is the result of severe systemic oxygen deprivation and reduced cerebral blood flow, commonly occurring in full-term infants. Hypoxic-ischemic changes trigger several molecular and cellular processes leading to cell death and inflammation. Generated reactive oxygen species attack surrounding cellular components resulting in functional deficits and mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the present paper is to review present knowledge about the pathophysiology of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, especially with respect to novel treatment strategies and biomarkers that might enhance early detection of this disorder and thus improve the general outcome of patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic. Jakub.Otahal@fgu.cas.cz.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Riljak
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kraf
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daryanani
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiruška
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Otáhal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers