title: Clinical Characteristics of 261 Cases of Hospitalized Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of 261 cases of hospitalized patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH).Methods Clinical data of 261 cases of hospitalized patients diagnosed with T1DM in the Department of Endocrinology at PUMCH from January 2007 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were divided into the T1DM antibodies positive group (n=180) and negative group (n=81) according to the results of immunohistochemistry, in which 123 newly diagnosed T1DM patients were divided into the adult onset group (>18 years, n=58) and non-adult onset group (≤18 years, n=65) according to the onset age of T1DM, respectively. The clinical characteristics from different groups were compared.Results In 261 patients, the average age was 26.6±15.4 years, the average disease duration was 49 (1-480) months, the positive rate of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody was 58.8% (153/260). The level of 2-hour postprandial C peptide and the positive rate of T1DM antibodies in the non-adult onset group were higher than those in the adult onset group (0.98 vs. 0.52 ng/ml, P=0.002 and 80.4% vs. 62.5%, P=0.048). The age of onset in the T1DM antibodies positive group was smaller than that in the T1DM antibodies negative group (19.7±11.4 vs. 24.7±15.6 years, P=0.04), while the incidence of ketosis in the T1DM antibodies positive group was higher than that in the T1DM antibodies negative group (48.3% vs. 34.2%, P=0.035). With the progress of the disease, the fasting C peptide level of the T1DM antibodies positive group decreased more rapidly. Compared with the single time hospitalized patients, multiple hospitalized patients had a lower incidence of diabetic retinopathy (8.2% vs. 22.4%, P=0.032), a lower hemoglobin A1clevel (8.04%±2.10% vs. 9.56%±2.64%, P<0.001) and fasting blood glucose level (8.7±3.1 vs. 10.9±4.2 mmol/L, P<0.001).Conclusions Compared with the non-adult onset T1DM patients, the islet function of adult onset patients was even worse. In the T1DM antibodies positive patients, the islet β cell function decreased more rapidly, so the antibodies could not only clarify the diagnosis of T1DM and also predict prognosis of the islet β cell function. In the management of T1DM patients, regular hospital revisits contributed to get better glycemic control and reduced the occurrence of diabetic complications.
authors.affiliation: First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Mei-Cen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Ou
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Hua-Bing
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xiu
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006801:Humans; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin