title: The relationship between lateral displacement of the mandible and scoliosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Idiopathic scoliosis is an orthopaedic disease of childhood, with onset and progress occurring until adolescence. Here, the relationship between lateral displacement of the mandible and scoliosis was analysed quantitatively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-nine non-syndromic Japanese patients (18 men, 61 women), who were diagnosed with jaw deformities and underwent surgical orthognathic treatment at Kyushu University Hospital from January 2011 to August 2014, were enrolled. Their mean age at the time of radiography was 25.3 ± 8.7 years. Postero-anterior cephalometric radiographs and chest radiographs were examined. In postero-anterior cephalometric radiographs, a horizontal baseline (X-axis) was drawn as a straight line that intersects both the zygomatic bases, and a vertical line (Y-axis) was marked perpendicular to the X-axis, with an intersection at the anterior nasal spine (ANS). Point A was defined as the intersection of the X- and Y-axes, and line A was defined as the line connecting point A to the menton. The angle made by the X-axis and line A (i.e., lateral displacement of the mandible) was measured. We designated an absolute value even if the mandibular menton was located on the right or left side. In chest radiographs, Cobb's method was used to measure scoliosis curves; the direction of the curve was designated similarly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine (11.4%) individuals had a Cobb angle >10°. There was a positive correlation between the Cobb angle and the degree of mandibular deviation (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lateral displacement of the mandible and scoliosis are related.
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Azusa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan. nakano-h@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Goro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kumamaru
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasumichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sumida
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mishiama
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012016:Reference Values; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cobb angle; Displacement of the mandible; Jaw deformity; Menton; Scoliosis