title: Plasma from exercised rats administered to sedentary rats induces systemic and tissue inflammation.
abstract: Recent studies have consistently supported the active role of blood in mediating biochemical and physiological tissue adaptations. However, no study has investigated the possible contribution of circulating factors in an exercise setting. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of circulating factors in exercise adaptations by chronically administering to sedentary animals blood plasma collected from acutely exercised animals. Phase 1: Blood plasma was collected from rats that swam to exhaustion and from sedentary rats. Phase 2: Other rats were divided into two groups (n = 20 per group): the first group involved rats that were injected intravenously with blood plasma originating from rats that previously swam to exhaustion, the second group consisted of rats that were injected intravenously with blood plasma originating from sedentary rats. Tail-vein injections (2 mL/kg) were performed daily for 21 consecutive days. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukins-1α, 2, 6, 8, 10 and tumor necrosis factor-a) were measured in blood plasma, muscle, and adipose tissue. Sedentary rats administered with plasma from exercised rats had significantly higher levels in all inflammatory markers measured in blood, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, compared to the sedentary rats administered with resting plasma. Our data demonstrate that administration of "exercised" blood to sedentary rats induced inflammation in plasma, muscle and adipose tissue. Exercise adaptations are not solely due to intrinsic processes in muscle or adipose tissue. Blood factors also play a crucial role in mediating signals for tissue adaptations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Goutianos
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
authors.forename: Aristidis S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Veskoukis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.|Department of Hematology, Blood Bank, General Hospital of Serres, Serres, Greece.
authors.forename: Aikaterini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tzioura
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.|Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paschalis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.|Intensive Care Unit, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikos V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Margaritelis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dipla
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zafeiridis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Vrabas
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
authors.forename: Michalis G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Nikolaidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece akyparos@auth.gr.
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kyparos
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Blood; exercise; inflammation; muscle and adipose tissue