title: Contour of lingual surface in lower complete denture formed by polished surface impression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyze the shapes of lingual polished surfaces in lower complete dentures formed by polished surface impressions and to provide reference data for use when manufacturing edentulous trays and lower complete dentures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients with mandibular edentulism were studied. After lower wax dentures were fabricated, wax was removed from the lingual side of the wax denture and a lingual polished surface impression was obtained with tissue conditioner. The definitive denture was scanned with a three-dimensional scanner, and scanned images were obtained. At the cross-sections of the lingual frenum, lateral incisors, first premolars, first molars, and anterior border of the retromolar pads, three points were marked and eight measurements were taken. The Kruskal-Wallis test and a post hoc analysis with the Mann-Whitney test were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each patient showed similar values for the same areas on the left and right sides without a statistically significant difference. The height of the contour of the lingual polished surface at the lingual frenum was halfway between the occlusal plane and lingual border, it moved gradually in a downward direction. The angle from the occlusal plane to the height of the contour of the lingual polished surface was increased as it progressed from the lingual frenum towards the retromolar pads.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The shape of the mandibular lingual polished surface was convex at the lingual frenum, lateral incisors and gradually flattened towards the first molars and retromolar pads.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Ri
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1806-3822
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Jung
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2015-1530
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mee-Kyoung
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9225-1744
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chae-Heon
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1089-2885
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chung
keywords: Contour; Lower complete denture; Lower polished surface; Polished surface impression; Shape