title: Orthodontic camouflage versus orthognathic surgery for class III deformity: comparative cephalometric analysis.
abstract: The objective of this study was to compare different cephalometric variables in adult patients with class III malocclusions before and after treatment, in order to determine which variables are indicative of orthodontic camouflage or orthognathic surgery. The cases of 156 adult patients were assessed: 77 treated with orthodontic camouflage and 79 treated with orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. The following cephalometric variables were measured on pre-treatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) lateral cephalograms: sella-nasion-A-point (SNA), sella-nasion-B-point (SNB), and A-point-nasion-B-point (ANB) angles, Wits appraisal, facial axis angle, mandibular plane angle, upper and lower incisor inclination, and inter-incisal angle. There were statistically significant differences in cephalometric variables before and after treatment between the two groups. The percentage of normal pre-treatment measurements in the camouflage orthodontics group was 30.7%, which worsened slightly to 28.4% post-treatment. However in the group receiving surgery, this was 24.5% pre-treatment, improving to 33.5% after surgery. SNA, SNB, Wits appraisal, lower incisor inclination, and inter-incisal angle showed differences between the two groups before and after treatment. Wits appraisal, lower incisor inclination, and inter-incisal angle were indicative of one or other treatment. Upper and lower incisor decompensation in both groups did not reach ideal values, which impeded complete skeletal correction in 52% of surgical cases.
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: carlos.bellot@uv.es.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bellot-Arcís
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Orthodontics, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Llamas
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cibrian
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gandia
authors.affiliation: Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paredes-Gallardo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks; D002508:Cephalometry; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: class III; dental decompensation; orthodontic camouflage; orthognathic surgery