title: Effects ofEscherichia coliNissle 1917 and Ciprofloxacin on small intestinal epithelial cell mRNA expression in the neonatal piglet model of human rotavirus infection.
abstract: We evaluated the effects of the probioticEscherichia coliNissle 1917 (EcN) and the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) on mRNA expression of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) in gnotobiotic (Gn) piglets colonized with a defined commensal microflora (DMF) and inoculated with human rotavirus (HRV) that infects IECs. We analyzed mRNA levels of IEC genes for enteroendocrine cells [chromogranin A (CgA)], goblet cells [mucin 2 (MUC2)], transient amplifying progenitor cell [proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)], intestinal epithelial stem cell (SOX9) and enterocytes (villin). Cipro treatment enhanced HRV diarrhea and decreased the mRNA levels of MUC2 and villin but increased PCNA. These results suggest that Cipro alters the epithelial barrier, potentially decreasing the numbers of mature enterocytes (villin) and goblet cells secreting protective mucin (MUC2). These alterations may induce increased IEC proliferation (PCNA expression) to restore the integrity of the epithelial layer. Coincidental with decreased diarrhea severity in EcN treated groups, the expression of CgA and villin was increased, while SOX9 expression was decreased representing higher epithelial integrity indicative of inhibition of cellular proliferation. Thus, EcN protects the intestinal epithelium from damage by increasing the gene expression of enterocytes and enteroendocrine cells, maintaining the absorptive function and, consequently, decreasing the severity of diarrhea in HRV infection.
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: Francine C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Paim
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Langel
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: Sukumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kandasamy
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA ; Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: Moyasar A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alhamo
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: Huang-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA ; Genomics and Systems Biology, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: Gireesh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rajashekara
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: Linda J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Saif
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
authors.forename: Anastasia N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Vlasova
keywords: Antibiotic; Commensal microflora; Gnotobiotic piglets; Human rotavirus; Intestinal epithelial cell-specific genes; Probiotic