title: Insulin resistance and chronic inflammation.
abstract: Insulin resistance is a condition of reduced biological response to insulin. Growing evidence indicates the role of the chronic low-grade inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Adipose tissue in obesity is characterized by increased lipolysis with the excessive release of free fatty acids, and is also a source of proinflammatory cytokines. Both these factors may inhibit insulin action. Proinflammatory cytokines exert their effect by stimulating major inflammatory NFκB and JNK pathways within the cells. Inflammatory processes in other insulin responsive tissues may also play a role in inducing insulin resistance. This paper is an overview of the chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, liver and endothelial cells during the development of insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Zakład Chorób Metabolicznych, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matulewicz
authors.affiliation: Zakład Chorób Metabolicznych, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku; Zakład Profilaktyki Chorób Metabolicznych, Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karczewska-Kupczewska
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D011972:Receptor, Insulin