title: Phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a Hydroelectric System Affected Area from Northern Amazonian Brazil: Further Insights into the Effects of Environmental Changes on Vector Ecology.
abstract: During 2012-2015, an entomological survey was conducted as part of a phlebotomine (Diptera: Psychodidae) monitoring program in an area influenced by the Santo Antônio do Jari hydroelectric system (Amapá State, Brazil). The purpose was to study aspects of Amazon/Guianan American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) vectors subjected to stresses by anthropogenic environmental changes. For sampling, CDC light traps were positioned 0.5, 1, and 20 m above ground at five capture locations along the Jari River Basin. Fluctuations in phlebotomine numbers were analyzed to determine any correlation with rainfall, dam waterlogging, and/or ACL cases, from May 2012 to March 2015. We captured 2,800 individuals, and among 45 species identified,Bichromomyia flaviscutellata,Nyssomyia umbratilis, andPsychodopygus squamiventris s.l.were determined to be the main putative vectors, based on current knowledge of the Amazon/Guianan ACL scenario. Rainfall, but not complete flooding, was relatively correlated with phlebotomine fluctuation, mainly observed forPs. squamiventris s.l., as were ACL cases withNy. umbratilis.Behavioral changes were observed in the unexpected high frequency ofBi. flaviscutellataamong CDC captures and the noncanopy dominance ofNy. umbratilis, possibly attributable to environmental stress in the sampled ecotopes. Continuous entomological surveillance is necessary to monitor the outcomes of these findings.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nercy Virginia Rabelo
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Furtado
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Allan Kardec Ribeiro
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Galardo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clicia Denis
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Galardo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Amapá, Campus Binacional, Oiapoque, AP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Viviane Caetano
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Firmino
authors.affiliation: Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0229-4861
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos Dos Santos