title: Large-scale identification of differentially expressed genes during pupa development reveals solute carrier gene is essential for pupal pigmentation in Chilo suppressalis.
abstract: Insects undergo metamorphosis, involving an abrupt change in body structure through cell growth and differentiation. Rice stem stripped borer (SSB), Chilo suppressalis, is one of the most destructive rice pests. However, little is known about the regulation mechanism of metamorphosis development in this notorious insect pest. Here, we studied the expression of 22,197 SSB genes at seven time points during pupa development with a customized microarray, identifying 622 differentially expressed genes (DEG) during pupa development. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of these DEGs indicated that the genes related to substance metabolism were highly expressed in the early pupa, which participate in the physiological processes of larval tissue disintegration at these stages. In comparison, highly expressed genes in the late pupal stages were mainly associated with substance biosynthesis, consistent with adult organ formation at these stages. There were 27 solute carrier (SLC) genes that were highly expressed during pupa development. We knocked down SLC22A3 at the prepupal stage, demonstrating that silencing SLC22A3 induced a deficiency in pupa stiffness and pigmentation. The RNAi-treated individuals had white and soft pupa, suggesting that this gene has an essential role in pupal development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China.
authors.forename: Shuijin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Technical Centre for Animal Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai 200135, China.
authors.forename: Shuping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Dianhao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Huamei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Wencai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jie
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Qiupu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: lifei18@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008675:Metamorphosis, Biological; D009036:Moths / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010858:Pigmentation; D011679:Pupa / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins
keywords: Chilo suppressalis; Gene expression profile; Microarray; Pupa development; RNA interference; Solute carrier genes