title: Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to hypertension and hyperlipidemia self-management among African-American men living in the southeastern United States.
abstract: Perceptions of illness affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) self-management. This study explores knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding hypertension and hyperlipidemia management among 34 African-American men with hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia, age 40-65, living in the Southeastern United States.
  
  
  
  In-person focus groups were conducted using semi-structured interview questions informed by the Health Belief Model (HBM).
  
  
  
  Participants had a high level of knowledge about hypertension self-management, but less about cholesterol self-management. Perceived severity of both conditions was acknowledged, though participants perceived hypertension as more severe. Barriers to self-management included medication side effects and unhealthy dietary patterns. Facilitators included social support, positive healthcare experiences, and the value placed on family. Cultural implications highlighted the importance of food in daily life and social settings. Participants expressed how notions of masculinity affected self-management-noting the impact of feelings of vulnerability and perceived lack of control stemming from diagnosis and treatment expectations.
  
  
  
  The findings highlight gaps in knowledge of hyperlipidemia versus hypertension, and the impact of cultural context and perceptions on engagement in self-management behaviors.
  
  
  
  Public health practitioners and healthcare providers serving African-American men should address cultural factors and notions of masculinity which can hinder effective disease management among this population.
authors.affiliation: CDC Foundation, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: Elong1@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Everett
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: gvt0@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ponder
authors.affiliation: National Center for Chronic Disease and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: sbernard@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D019468:Disease Management; D017144:Focus Groups; D005845:Georgia; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D006973:Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012648:Self Care; D012944:Social Support; D013022:South Carolina; D015144:Southeastern United States; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: African-American; Attitudes; High blood pressure; High cholesterol; Knowledge; Men; Southern United States