title: Polyphenols from Allanblackia floribunda seeds: Identification, quantification and antioxidant activity.
abstract: Oil rich seeds of Allanblackia floribunda, a tree from tropical Africa, have traditionally been used in food preparation. Furthermore, the therapeutic properties of various parts of this tree have long been exploited in traditional medicine. As both food and pharmaceutical industries show growing interest in tropical tree crops, this study aimed to investigate whether A. floribunda seeds could also be used as a source of potentially bioactive compounds. The polyphenol profile revealed six predominant compounds which were identified by HPLC-PDA-ESI/MSnas the biflavonoids morelloflavone, Gb-2a and volkensiflavone and their respective glucosides. A range of less abundant flavones, flavonols and flavan-3-ols was also detected. All six major compounds showed antioxidant activity, with the activity of morelloflavone, its glucoside and Gb-2a-glucoside comparable with that of ascorbic acid. The main compounds accounted for approximately 10% of dry weight, making the seeds used for oil production a rich source of biflavonoids as a by-product.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria. Electronic address: gakpanika@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Grace A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Akpanika
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK. Electronic address: alg@aber.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Winters
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK. Electronic address: tpw2@aber.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria. Electronic address: gayoola@unilag.edu.ng.
authors.forename: Gloria A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ayoola
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK. Electronic address: aadepoju-bello@unilag.edu.ng.
authors.forename: Aderonke A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adepoju-Bello
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK. Electronic address: bdh@aber.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hauck
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D028084:Clusiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D044946:Biflavonoids; D059808:Polyphenols; C105620:morelloflavone
keywords: Allanblackia floribunda; Antioxidant capacity; Biflavonoids; Gb-2a; Gb-2a (PubChem CID: 176988); HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS(n); Morelloflavone; Morelloflavone (PubChem CID: 5464454); Phenolic compounds; Volkensiflavone; Volkensiflavone (PubChem CID: 23844069)