title: Modelling clinical systemic lupus erythematosus: similarities, differences and success stories.
abstract: Mouse models of SLE have been indispensable tools to study disease pathogenesis, to identify genetic susceptibility loci and targets for drug development, and for preclinical testing of novel therapeutics. Recent insights into immunological mechanisms of disease progression have boosted a revival in SLE drug development. Despite promising results in mouse studies, many novel drugs have failed to meet clinical end points. This is probably because of the complexity of the disease, which is driven by polygenic predisposition and diverse environmental factors, resulting in a heterogeneous clinical presentation. Each mouse model recapitulates limited aspects of lupus, especially in terms of the mechanism underlying disease progression. The main mouse models have been fairly successful for the evaluation of broad-acting immunosuppressants. However, the advent of targeted therapeutics calls for a selection of the most appropriate model(s) for testing and, ultimately, identification of patients who will be most likely to respond.
authors.affiliation: Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Teja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Celhar
authors.affiliation: Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.|Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Anna-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fairhurst
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice
keywords: IFN; MRL/lpr mouse; NZB/W mouse; SLE; SLE modelling; SLE treatment; TLR7; mouse models; systemic lupus erythematosus