title: Child protection services and parents with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Information about parents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in the child protection system (CPS) continues to evolve. This study examined characteristics, experiences and representation of parents with IDD across three CPS decision points, as compared to parents with other disabilities and parents without disabilities in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 303,039 individuals: 2,081 were individuals identified as parents in a CPS investigation; 1,101 had children in out-of-home care (OHC); and 308 experienced termination of parental rights (TPR). Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, disparity indices and logistic regression were employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parents with IDD were significantly more likely than parents without disabilities (but not significantly more likely than parents with other types of disabilities) to experience disproportionately representation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parents with IDD are generally over-represented within CPS; however, this representation is dependent upon the comparison group utilized and other risk factors. CPS system-level changes are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Traci
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: LaLiberte
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Kristine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Piescher
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mickelson
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Mi Hwa
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002655:Child Custody / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000068216:Child Protective Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002658:Developmental Disabilities; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota; D010290:Parents; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: child protection; disparity; intellectual and developmental disabilities; out-of-home care; parental disability; termination of parental rights