title: Characterization of PBDEs and novel brominated flame retardants in seawater near a coastal mariculture area of the Bohai Sea, China.
abstract: The concentrations and distributions of PBDEs and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) in dissolved phase of surface seawater near a coastal mariculture area of the Bohai Sea were investigated. The total concentrations of PBDE and NBFRs were in the range of 15.4-65.5 and 2.12-13.6ng/L, respectively. The highest concentration was discovered in the water near an anchorage ground, whereas concentrations in water samples from offshore cage-culture area were not elevated. Relatively high concentrations of BDE28, 99, and 100 were discovered in the medium range of distance from shore, where is the path of tidal or coastal current. This suggested that inputs from ships or through tidal current rather than mariculture activities may be the main sources of BFRs in this area. BDE209, BDE47, hexabromobenzene (HBB), and 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB) were the most abundant BFR congeners. Relatively high proportions of these BFRs may originate from discharge of wastewater nearby or degradation from higher brominated PBDEs. No correlations were found between BFR concentrations and water dissolved organic carbon, suggesting that concentrations and distributions of BFRs in this area were source-dependent. The relatively high concentrations in this study emphasized the importance of monitoring and managing BFR contaminations in mariculture areas of China.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. Electronic address: wangyandut@dlut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Minmin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Qiaonan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Jingwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
keywords: Bohai Sea; Mariculture area; Novel brominated flame retardants; PBDEs; Potential source; Seawater