title: Study of the union method of microelectrode array and AFM for the recording of electromechanical activities in living cardiomyocytes.
abstract: Electrophysiology and mechanics are two essential components in the functions of cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells. The simultaneous recording of electrophysiological and mechanical activities is important for the understanding of mechanisms underlying cell functions. For example, on the one hand, mechanisms under cardiovascular drug effects will be investigated in a comprehensive way by the simultaneous recording of electrophysiological and mechanical activities. On the other hand, computational models of electromechanics provide a powerful tool for the research of cardiomyocytes. The electrical and mechanical activities are important in cardiomyocyte models. The simultaneous recording of electrophysiological and mechanical activities can provide much experimental data for the models. Therefore, an efficient method for the simultaneous recording of the electrical and mechanical data from cardiomyocytes is required for the improvement of cardiac modeling. However, as far as we know, most of the previous methods were not easy to be implemented in the electromechanical recording. For this reason, in this study, a union method of microelectrode array and atomic force microscope was proposed. With this method, the extracellular field potential and beating force of cardiomyocytes were recorded simultaneously with a low root-mean-square noise level of 11.67 μV and 60 pN. Drug tests were conducted to verify the feasibility of the experimental platform. The experimental results suggested the method would be useful for the cardiovascular drug screening and refinement of the computational cardiomyocyte models. It may be valuable for exploring the functional mechanisms of cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells under physiological or pathological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chunlong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bobo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yitao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China. yexuesong@zju.edu.cn.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China. yexuesong@zju.edu.cn.|State Key Laboratory of CAD and CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. yexuesong@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuesong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002470:Cell Survival; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004560:Electricity; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D008839:Microelectrodes; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000295:instrumentation*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004837:Epinephrine
keywords: Atomic force microscopy; Cardiomyocytes; Electromechanical activities; Microelectrode arrays