title: Effect of a Single Dose of Vitamin D3 on Postprandial Arterial Stiffness and Inflammation in Vitamin D-Deficient Women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) improves vascular function and inflammation, potentially providing an explanation for the proposed cardiovascular protection of vitamin D.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether cholecalciferol supplementation reduces postprandial arterial dysfunction and inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, 1:1, double-blind trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes and Vascular Center, Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four healthy, premenopausal, overweight or obese, vitamin D-deficient women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single high (300,000 IU) or low dose (75,000 IU) of cholecalciferol.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of low- and high-dose cholecalciferol on postprandial leukocyte activation markers, pulse wave velocity (PWV), and augmentation index (AIx) during an oral fat loading test, expressed as area under the curve (AUC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  High- and low-dose supplementation increased vitamin D by 163% ± 134% (P < 0.001) and 66% ± 59% (P < 0.001), respectively. Monocyte CD11b-AUC slightly increased after low but not high dose (6% ± 2%, P = 0.012, and 4% ± 1%, P = 0.339, respectively). There were no significant effects on postprandial PWV or AIx by high- or low-dose vitamin D. Fasting complement component 3 (C3) levels decreased by 5.9% (P = 0.004) in the high-dose group and by 4.0% (P = 0.018) in the low-dose group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single dose of vitamin D does not seem to reduce arterial stiffness and leukocyte activation in overweight, vitamin D-deficient women. Vitamin D may decrease fasting C3. Possibly, higher vitamin D concentrations may be needed to decrease inflammation and improve vascular function in overweight or obese vitamin D-deficient women.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Center for Diabetes and Vascular Medicine.
authors.forename: Marijke A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Center for Diabetes and Vascular Medicine.
authors.forename: Noëlle
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: van der Meulen
authors.affiliation: Clinical Chemistry.
authors.forename: Gert-Jan M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: van de Geijn
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Center for Diabetes and Vascular Medicine.
authors.forename: Boudewijn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klop
authors.affiliation: Clinical Chemistry.
authors.forename: Ellen M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: van der Zwan
authors.affiliation: Clinical Chemistry.
authors.forename: Lenneke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prinzen
authors.affiliation: Statistics and Education, and.|Division of Women and Babies, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Birnie
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacy, Franciscus Gasthuis, 3045 PM Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elsbeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Westerman
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands; and.
authors.forename: Wouter W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: de Herder
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Center for Diabetes and Vascular Medicine.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castro Cabezas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000378:metabolism; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000276:immunology; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000276:immunology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D019518:Postprandial Period; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D059289:Vascular Stiffness; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D003176:Complement C3; D014280:Triglycerides; D014815:Vitamins; D014807:Vitamin D; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D