title: Development of an in vitro immunobiotic evaluation system against rotavirus infection in bovine intestinal epitheliocytes.
abstract: The bovine intestinal epithelial cell line (BIE cells) expresses the Toll-like receptor (TLR)3 and is able to mount an antiviral immune response after the stimulation with poly(I:C). In the present study, we aimed to further characterise the antiviral defence mechanisms in BIE cells by evaluating the innate immune response triggered by rotavirus (RV) infection. In addition, we attempted to determine whether immunobiotic bifidobacteria are able to confer protection of BIE cells against RV infection by beneficially modulating the antiviral immune response. RV OSU (porcine) and UK (bovine) effectively infected BIE cells, while a significant lower capacity to infect BIE cells was observed for human (Wa) and murine (EW) RV. We observed that viral infection in BIE cells triggered TLR3/RIG-I-mediated immune responses with activation of IRF3 and TRAF3, induction of interferon beta (IFN-β) and up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. Our results also demonstrated that preventive treatments with Bifidobacterium infantis MCC12 or Bifidobacterium breve MCC1274 significantly reduced RV titres in infected BIE cells and differentially modulated the innate immune response. Of note, both strains significantly improved the production of the antiviral factor IFN-β in RV-infected BIE cells. In conclusion, this work provides comprehensive information on the antiviral immune response of BIE cells against RV, that can be further studied for the development of strategies aimed to improve antiviral defences in bovine intestinal epithelial cells. Our results also demonstrate that BIE cells could be used as a newly immunobiotic evaluation system against RV infection for application in the bovine host.
authors.affiliation: 1 Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.|2 Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: 1 Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.|2 Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kanmani
authors.affiliation: 1 Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
authors.affiliation: 3 Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.affiliation: 4 Research and Development Section, Zen-noh Institute of Animal Health, Sakura, Chiba 285-0043, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soma
authors.affiliation: 1 Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.|5 Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELACONICET), Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucuman, 4000 Tucuman, Argentina.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Albarracin
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Food, Agriculture and Environment, Miyagi University, 2-2-1 Hatadate, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0215 Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.affiliation: 7 Infection Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.|8 Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nochi
authors.affiliation: 2 Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.|8 Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aso
authors.affiliation: 9 Food Ingredients Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., 5-Chome, Higashihara, 252-8583 Zama-City, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwabuchi
authors.affiliation: 10 Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., 5-Chome, Higashihara, 252-8583 Zama-City, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: J-Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: 1 Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: 1 Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.|5 Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELACONICET), Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucuman, 4000 Tucuman, Argentina.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villena
authors.affiliation: 1 Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.|2 Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitazawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001644:Bifidobacterium; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58 / Q000276:immunology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D050838:Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000276:immunology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D048008:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D050838:Interferon Regulatory Factor-3; D048008:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D016899:Interferon-beta; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58
keywords: antiviral response; bifidobacteria; bovine intestinal epithelial cells; immunobiotics; immunoregulation; rotavirus