title: Principles of Motor Recovery After Neurological Injury Based on a Motor Control Theory.
abstract: Problems of neurological rehabilitation are considered based on two levels of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF)-Body Structures and Function level and Activity level-and modulating factors related to the individual and the environment. Specifically, at the Body Structures and Function level, problems addressed include spasticity, muscle weakness, disordered muscle activation patterns and disruptions in coordinated movement. At the Activity level, deficits in multi-joint and multi-segment upper limb reaching movements are reviewed. We address how physiologically well established principles in the control of actions, Threshold Control and Referent Control as outlined in the Equilibrium-Point theory can help advance the understanding of underlying deficits that may limit recovery at each level.
authors.affiliation: School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y5, Canada. mindy.levin@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Mindy F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation
keywords: Hand dysfunction; International Classification of Function (ICF); Joint angle; Spasticity; Stroke; Trunk restraint; Virtual reality