title: Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Cats with Naturally Occurring Chronic Kidney Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a biomarker for the early prediction of renal damage and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans and dogs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin also may play a role in the progression of CKD in cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty CKD and 18 control cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cats were categorized into different stages according to the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) staging system. Urine and plasma samples were collected and tested for NGAL concentrations using an in-house sandwich ELISA system and urinary NGAL (uNGAL)-to-creatinine ratio (UNCR) was determined. Cats in which serum creatinine concentration increased by >0.5 mg/dL from baseline within 30 days were defined as exhibiting progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The urinary NGAL and UNCR of CKD cats were significantly higher than those of healthy cats (P < .05) and were highly correlated with serum creatinine concentration. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for uNGAL, when predicting the progression of CKD, was 0.71 and the best cutoff value was 2.06 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 75%. The AUROC for UNCR when predicting the progression of CKD was 0.79 and the best cutoff value was 4.08 × 10-6with a sensitivity of 76.9% and specificity of 79.2%. Cats with UNCR values higher than their cutoffs experienced significantly faster deterioration with a median of 19 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both urinary NGAL and UNCR are useful markers for the prediction of CKD progression in cats.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: W-L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: P-H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H-Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.|National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002415:Cats; D005260:Female; D000071068:Lipocalin-2 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000071068:Lipocalin-2
keywords: 
  NGAL
  ; Azotemia; Biomarker; Feline renal diseases; Progression