title: Executive Function in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Relationship to Adherence, Glycemic Control, and Psychosocial Outcomes.
abstract: Impairments in executive function (EF) skills have been observed in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and these skills are critical for following the complex treatment regimen. This study examines parent reports of EF in relation to measures of adherence, glycemic control (A1c), and psychosocial outcomes (depression and quality of life) in adolescents with T1D. A total of 120 adolescents (aged 13-17 years, 52.5% female, 87.5% White) with T1D and their parents completed questionnaires. Glucometers were downloaded and A1c was obtained during clinical visits at the time of enrollment. The prevalence of clinically significant elevated scores on specific EF skills ranged from 11 to 18.6%. In multivariate analyses, parent-reported EF deficits were associated with poorer adherence and lower quality of life, explaining 13 and 12% of the variance, respectively. Adolescents with T1D exhibit specific EF deficits that may negatively impact their quality of life and their ability to engage in self-management activities.
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Katia M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Niral J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Jadienne H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Kimberly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Savin
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Alexandra D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Monzon
authors.affiliation: Yale School of Nursing.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Whittemore
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Sarah S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jaser
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D000073278:Self-Management / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: adherence; adolescents; diabetes; psychosocial functioning; quality of life