title: Combined Special Capsular Tension Ring and Toric IOL Implantation for Management of Astigmatism and High Axial Myopia with Cataracts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to compare the effects of toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with a capsular tension ring and toric IOL implantation only in patients with axial myopic astigmatism who had undergone cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 34 patients with axial myopia, 16 patients who had received IOL and capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation were included in the combined group and 18 patients who received toric IOL implantation only were included in the simple group. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated by measuring subjective refraction, residual astigmatism, and the toric IOL axis six months post-surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At six months postoperatively, the UCVA for the combined and simple groups was 4.6 ± 0.1 and 4.5 ± 0.2, respectively, a statistically significant difference (t = 3.531, P<0.05). The toric IOL in all of the cases was located in the capsular sac, but there were more cases with IOL rotation (12 eyes) in the simple group than in the combined group (4 eyes). The rotation angles were 20°~30° (one eye), 10°~20° (four eyes), and <10° (seven eyes) compared with 2°~5° (four eyes). The residual astigmatism was -0.50 ± 0.25 D in the combined group, not a significant difference from the predicted residual astigmatism (-0.35 ± 0.13 D). There was a significant difference in the simple group (-1.25 ± 0.33 D) when the predicted residual astigmatism was compared (-0.37 ± 0.11 D) (t = -9.511, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with axial myopic astigmatism, CTR can effectively increase the rotational stability of a toric IOL, achieving improvement in corneal astigmatism and visual acuity.
authors.affiliation: a Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing Tongren Hospital , Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-5035
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: b Medical School , Pingdingshan University , Pingdingshan , China.
authors.forename: Jiaxin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1543-3576
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing Tongren Hospital , Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-3136
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: a Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing Tongren Hospital , Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9521-6506
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing Tongren Hospital , Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Siquan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0936-2967
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000601:surgery*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047728:Myopia, Degenerative / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity
keywords: Astigmatism; capsular tension ring; rotation stability; toric intraocular lens; visual acuity