title: Assessment of Cytotoxic Activity of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.), Turmeric (Curcuma longaL.), and Ginger (Zingiber officinaleR.) Essential Oils in Cervical Cancer Cells (HeLa).
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of rosemary (REO,Rosmarinus officinalisL.), turmeric (CEO,Curcuma longaL.), and ginger (GEO,Zingiber officinaleR.) essential oils in HeLa cells. Cytotoxicity tests were performedin vitro, using tetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red assays for evaluation of antiproliferative activity by different mechanisms, trypan blue assay to assess cell viability and evaluation of cell morphology for Giemsa to observe the cell damage, and Annexin V to evaluate cell death by apoptosis. CEO and GEO exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells. IC50obtained was 36.6μg/mL for CEO and 129.9μg/mL for GEO. The morphology of HeLa cells showed condensation of chromatin, loss of cell membrane integrity with protrusions (blebs), and cell content leakage for cells treated with CEO and GEO, from the lowest concentrations studied, 32.81μg/mL of CEO and 32.12μg/mL of GEO. The Annexin V assay revealed a profile of cell death by apoptosis for both CEO and GEO. The results indicate cytotoxic activityin vitrofor CEO and GEO, suggesting potential use as anticancer agents for cervical cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: P A S R
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Avanço
authors.affiliation: University Center Inga (UNINGÁ), Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Nerilo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Toxicology-LFTC/FARMATEC, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: R I A
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Marcelino
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Janeiro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Toxicology-LFTC/FARMATEC, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Valadares
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5380-9186
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Machinski
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts