title: Relationship between patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) and three measures of foot-ankle alignment in patients with metatarsal head pain: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study is to establish the relationship between foot-ankle patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) and three measures of foot-ankle alignment (MoFAA) in patients with metatarsal head pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study where 206 patients completed three PROMs and a clinician recorded three MoFAA bilaterally (three times each). A reliability analysis of the MoFAA, a correlation analysis (between MoFAA and PROM) and regression analysis (dependent variable: PROM; independent variables: MoFAA) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pearson's coefficient changed in each PROM used, ranging from 0.243 (AAOS-FAMShoeComfortScale-FVARight) to 0.807 (FFIIndex-first MTPJEright). Regression indices (R2-corrected) ranged between 0.117 (AAOS-FAMShoeComfortScale) and 0.701 (FFIIndex).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MoFAA correlated between moderately to strongly with the foot-ankle PROM selected. The level of correlation between MoFAA and PROM was higher when patients with metatarsal head pain were asked about foot health status, pain and function; however, the correlation was poor when the patient was asked about shoe aspects. In addition, the MoFAA variable that achieved the highest correlation value was the first metatarsophalangeal joint extension. The results obtained in this study could be used in future studies to develop tools for assessing and monitoring patients with metatarsal head pain.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA) (Grupo de Clinimetría FE-14), Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Velasco-Ramos
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Enfermería y Podología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA) (Grupo de Clinimetría FE-14), Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Ruiz
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA) (Grupo de Clinimetría FE-14), Malaga, Spain ; School of Clinical Sciences at Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Antonio I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Cuesta-Vargas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D033023:Foot Joints / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D037061:Metatarsalgia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008683:Metatarsophalangeal Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D000071066:Patient Reported Outcome Measures; D011788:Quality of Life; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Measurement; Metatarsalgia; Outcome assessment; Quality of life; Questionnaires; Regression analysis