title: Effects of serum albumin on the degradation and cytotoxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
abstract: Neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) can oxidatively biodegrade carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The protein-SWCNTs interactions will play an important role in the degradation and cytotoxicity of nanotubes. Here, we investigated the binding of bovine serum albumin (BSA, a common and well-characterized model blood serum protein) to SWCNTs, and found that the hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions might be crucial factors in stabilizing the binding of SWCNTs with BSA. The binding of BSA could impair SWCNTs biodegradation in vitro through the competitive adsorption to nanotube. Both SWCNTs and BSA-SWCNTs were significantly degraded in zymosan-stimulated macrophages, and the degradation degree was more for BSA-SWCNTs. The mechanism for SWCNTs degradation in activated macrophages was further investigated to demonstrate the dominant participation of MPO and ONOO--driven pathways. Moreover, binding of BSA to SWCNTs reduced cytotoxicity and degraded nanotubes induced less cytotoxicity than non-degraded nanotubes. The binding of BSA may be an important determinant for the biodegradation and cytotoxicity of SWCNTs in inflammatory cells, and therefore, provide a new route to mitigate the potential toxicity of nanotubes in future biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jianfa
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China. Electronic address: naihaolu@jxnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Naihao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D012709:Serum Albumin; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D009195:Peroxidase
keywords: BSA; Biodegradation; Macrophages; Myeloperoxidase; Peroxynitrite; Single-walled carbon nanotubes