title: Associations Between Supportive Leadership Behavior and the Costs of Absenteeism and Presenteeism: An Epidemiological and Economic Approach.
abstract: This study investigates associations between supportive leadership behavior (SLB) and presenteeism/absenteeism, and estimates related costs.
  
  
  
  Cross-sectional data from a German industrial sample (n = 17,060) assessing SLB and presenteeism/absenteeism were used. Adjusted interval regressions were performed. The study population was split into tertiles with respect to SLB, and minimum and maximum costs for each tertile were estimated on the basis of national industry averages.
  
  
  
  Low SLB was associated with higher presenteeism [-0.31, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) -0.33 to -0.28)] and absenteeism (-0.36, 95% CI -0.40 to -0.32). Compared with high SLB, the costs of low SLB for absenteeism are between 534.54 and 1675.16 Euro higher per person and year. For presenteeism, this difference ranges between 63.76 and 433.7 Euro.
  
  
  
  SLB has the potential to reduce absenteeism, presenteeism, and associated costs. To contribute to workforce health, productivity, and efficiency, SLB merits being fostered by corporate policy.
authors.affiliation: Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University (Mr Schmid, Drs Jarczok, Sonntag, Herr, Fischer, Schmidt); Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg (Dr Jarczok); and Department of Business, Work & Organizational Psychology, Hochschule für Internationales Management, Heidelberg, Germany (Dr Schmidt).
authors.forename: Johannes Albert
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Marc Nicolas
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Jarczok
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sonntag
authors.forename: Raphael Manfred
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Herr
authors.forename: Joachim Ernst
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004526:Efficiency; D017049:Employer Health Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018803:Models, Economic; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000191:economics; D000069597:Presenteeism / Q000191:economics*