title: A feasibility study of arrhythmia risk prediction in patients with myocardial infarction and preserved ejection fraction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To predict arrhythmia susceptibility in myocardial infarction (MI) patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)  >35% using a personalized virtual heart simulation approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of four contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets of patient hearts with MI and average LVEF of 44.0 ± 2.6% were used in this study. Because of the preserved LVEF, the patients were not indicated for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) insertion. One patient had spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) prior to the MRI scan; the others had no arrhythmic events. Simulations of arrhythmia susceptibility were blind to clinical outcome. Models were constructed from patient MRI images segmented to identify myocardium, grey zone, and scar based on pixel intensity. Grey zone was modelled as having altered electrophysiology. Programmed electrical stimulation (PES) was performed to assess VT inducibility from 19 bi-ventricular sites in each heart model. Simulations successfully predicted arrhythmia risk in all four patients. For the patient with arrhythmic event, in-silico PES resulted in VT induction. Simulations correctly predicted that VT was non-inducible for the three patients with no recorded VT events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results demonstrate that the personalized virtual heart simulation approach may provide a novel risk stratification modality to non-invasively and effectively identify patients with LVEF  >35% who could benefit from ICD implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Hackerman 216, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Dongdong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Hackerman 216, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Hermenegild J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Arevalo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Hackerman 216, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Adityo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prakosa
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Electrophysiology Section, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, 9 Founders Pavillion, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Callans
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Hackerman 216, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ntrayanova@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Natalia A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Trayanova
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000328:Adult; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D066230:Patient-Specific Modeling; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
keywords: Computational modelling; Ejection fraction >35%; Myocardial infarction ; Personalized virtual heart ; Ventricular tachycardia 