title: Paramagnetic Properties of Metal-Free Boron-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Application for Safe Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
abstract: A boron-doped graphene quantum dot (B-GQD) as a metal-free multimodal contrast agent (CA) for safe magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence imaging is reported. In vivo T1-weighted magnetic resonance images show that B-GQDs induce significant contrast enhancement on the heart, liver, spleen, and kidney, and sustain for more than 1 h, about 10 times longer than Gd-based CAs currently used in clinic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Revia
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Rajeev J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kant
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Qingxin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gai
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Kunlun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Miqin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: MRI; boron-doping; graphene quantum dots; metal-free; paramagnetism