title: Evidences of autologous fat grafting for the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since the 1980s, the use of autologous fat grafting has been growing in plastic surgery. Recently, this procedure has come to be used as a treatment for keloids and hypertrophic scars mainly due to the lack of satisfactory results with other techniques. So far, however, it lacks more consistent scientific evidence to recommend its use. The aim of this study was to review the current state of autologous fat grafting for the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars, their benefits and scientific evidences in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review in the Pubmed database was performed using the keywords "fat grafting and scar", "fat grafting and keloid scar" and "fat grafting and hypertrophic scar." Inclusion criteria were articles written in English and published in the last 10 years, resulting in 15 studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These articles indicate that autologous fat grafting carried out at sites with pathological scars leads to a reduction of the fibrosis and pain, an increased range of movement in areas of scar contraction, an increase in their flexibility, resulting in a better quality of scars.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  So far, evidences suggest that autologous fat grafting for the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars is associated with a better quality of scars, leading to esthetic and functional benefits. However, this review has limitations and these findings should be treated with reservations, since they mostly came from studies with low levels of evidence.
authors.affiliation: Resident Plastic Surgeon, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius Zolezi DA
authors.initials: VZ
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Resident Plastic Surgeon, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albacete
authors.affiliation: Resident Plastic Surgeon, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Grazielle DE Souza
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Horácio
authors.affiliation: Resident Plastic Surgeon, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Augusto Magalhães DE
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgeon, Full Member of the Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica (SBCP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro Debs
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Procópio
authors.affiliation: PhD Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, FMRP-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Soler
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Coltro
authors.affiliation: PhD Professor and Head of the Division of Plastic Surgery, FMRP-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jayme Adriano
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Farina
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000637:transplantation*; D017439:Cicatrix, Hypertrophic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007627:Keloid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome