title: Clinical Outcomes of Transcatheter Arterial Embolization for Adhesive Capsulitis Resistant to Conservative Treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate clinical outcomes of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for adhesive capsulitis resistant to conservative treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study comprised 25 patients (18 women and 7 men; mean age, 53.8 y; range, 39-68 y) with adhesive capsulitis resistant to conservative treatments. TAE was performed, and adverse events (AEs), pain visual analog scale (VAS) score changes, range of motion (ROM), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Abnormal vessels were identified in all patients. No major AEs were associated with TAE. One patient was lost to follow-up. The remaining 24 patients were available for final follow-up (mean, 36.1 months; range, 30-44 months). Of the 24 patients, 16 (67%) experienced quick improvement of nighttime pain (ie, VAS scores decreased > 50% from baseline) within 1 week, and 21 (87%) improved within 1 month. In terms of mean overall pain (ie, pain at its worst), VAS scores significantly decreased at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment (82 mm before treatment vs 52, 19, and 8 mm after treatment; P < .001). ASES scores significantly improved at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment (16.1 before treatment vs 41.4, 69.1, and 83.5 after treatment; P < .001). No symptom recurrence or late-onset AEs were observed. Shoulder ROM and function further improved during midterm follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TAE is a possible treatment option for patients with adhesive capsulitis that has failed to improve with conservative treatments.
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Intervention Center and Department of Sports Medicine, Edogawa Hospital, 2-24-18 Higashikoiwa, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 133-0052, Japan. Electronic address: okuno@edogawa.or.jp.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Intervention Center and Department of Sports Medicine, Edogawa Hospital, 2-24-18 Higashikoiwa, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 133-0052, Japan.
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.affiliation: Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Radiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.affiliation: Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Radiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oguro
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Miyakojima IGRT Clinic, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine (Ohashi), Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine (Ohashi), Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikegami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002062:Bursitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012008:Recurrence; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome