title: Exercise training on skill-related physical fitness in adolescents with intellectual disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: Skill-related fitness (SRF) is a component of physical fitness related to sports or occupational performance. Adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) can take advantage of SRF for enhancing work performance and enjoying participation with peers in leisure activities. However, few studies have examined the benefits of exercise on SRF in adolescents with ID.
  
  
  
  This study synthesized the results from the reviewed studies and determined whether exercise training improves SRF in adolescents with ID.
  
  
  
  We searched ten electronic databases and used the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale to assess the methodological quality of included studies. This study pooled quantitative data where possible in statistical meta-analyses and expressed the effect sizes (ESs) as Cohen's d and converted it to Hedges's g. Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria for systematic review, of which 14 for further meta-analyses.
  
  
  
  Nine meta-analyses were conducted in this study. The results supported positive exercise training effects on agility, power, RT, and speed, but not balance (Hedges's g range -1.465-0.760) in adolescents with ID.
  
  
  
  We found only a limited number of studies exhibiting high quality evidence and were being included in the meta-analyses. Therefore, the results of our systematic review and meta-analyses should be interpreted with caution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan; National Keelung Special Educational School, No.20, Dunan St., Qidu Dist., Keelung City, 206, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shiau-Chian
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Jeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan; Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, No.145, Zhengzhou Rd., Datong Dist., Taipei City, 103, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan; Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No. 5, Fuhsing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Yu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan; Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, No.6, Sec. W., Jiapu Rd., Puzi City, Chiayi County, 613, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan; Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, No.6, Sec. W., Jiapu Rd., Puzi City, Chiayi County, 613, Taiwan; Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, No. 259 Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan. Electronic address: linyh@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yang-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D008297:Male; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010809:Physical Fitness
keywords: Adolescents; Intellectual disability; Meta-analysis; Skill-related fitness