title: Sulfonated chitosan and dopamine based coatings for metallic implants in contact with blood.
abstract: Thrombosis and calcification constitute the main clinical problems when blood-interacting devices are implanted in the body. Coatings with thin polymer layers represent an acknowledged strategy to modulate interactions between the material surface and the blood environment. To ensure the implant success, at short-term the coating should limit platelets adhesion and delay the clot formation, and at long-term it should delay the calcification process. Sulfonated chitosan, if compared to native chitosan, shows the unique ability to reduce proteins adsorption, decrease thrombogenic properties and limit calcification. In this work, stainless steel surfaces, commonly used for cardiovascular applications, were coated with sulfonated chitosan, by using dopamine and PEG as anchors, and the effect of these grafted surfaces on platelet adhesion, clot formation as well as on calcification were investigated. Surface characterization techniques evidenced that the coating formation was successful, and the sulfonated chitosan grafted sample exhibited a higher roughness and hydrophilicity, if compared to native chitosan one. Moreover, sulfonated surface limited platelet activation and the process of clot formation, thus confirming its high biological performances in blood. Calcium deposits were also lower on the sulfonated chitosan sample compared to the chitosan one, thus showing that calcification was minimal in presence of sulfonate groups. In conclusion, this sulfonated-modified surface has potential to be as blood-interacting material.
authors.affiliation: Lab Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC-Tier I, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering, Laval University & CHU de Quebec Research Center, G1V 0A6 Quebec City, QC, Canada; Federal University of Ceará, Department of Chemical Engineering, Campus do Pici - Bloco 709, Fortaleza, Ceará 60455-760, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clayton S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Campelo
authors.affiliation: Lab Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC-Tier I, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering, Laval University & CHU de Quebec Research Center, G1V 0A6 Quebec City, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chevallier
authors.affiliation: Lab Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC-Tier I, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering, Laval University & CHU de Quebec Research Center, G1V 0A6 Quebec City, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Juliana M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vaz
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Ceará, Department of Chemical Engineering, Campus do Pici - Bloco 709, Fortaleza, Ceará 60455-760, Brazil. Electronic address: rodrigo@gpsa.ufc.br.
authors.forename: Rodrigo S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Lab Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC-Tier I, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering, Laval University & CHU de Quebec Research Center, G1V 0A6 Quebec City, QC, Canada. Electronic address: Diego.Mantovani@gmn.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mantovani
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D010973:Platelet Adhesiveness / Q000187:drug effects; D013450:Sulfones / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001798:Blood Proteins; D013450:Sulfones; D048271:Chitosan; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Blood-material interactions; Calcification; Chitosan; Natural materials; Surface modifications