title: Rapid Naked-Eye Discrimination of Cytochrome P450 Genetic Polymorphism through Non-Crosslinking Aggregation of DNA-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles.
abstract: Involvement of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping in healthcare should allow for more effective use of pharmacogenomics. However, user-friendly assays without the requirement of a special instrument still remain unavailable. This study describes naked-eye SNP discrimination in exon 5 of the human cytochrome P450 2C19 monooxygenase gene,CYP2C19*1(the wild-type allele) andCYP2C19*2(the variant allele with G681A point mutation). The present assay is composed of allele-specific single-base primer extension and salt-induced aggregation of DNA-modified gold nanoparticles (DNA-AuNPs). Genetic samples extracted from human hair roots are subjected to this assay. The results are verified by direct sequencing. This study should promise the prospective use of DNA-AuNPs in gene diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Laboratory RIKEN2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan; Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science 102-1 Tomino, Oshamambe-cho, Yamakoshi-gun Hokkaido 049-3514 Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Laboratory RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan.
authors.forename: Guoqing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Laboratory RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan.
authors.forename: Shota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Laboratory RIKEN2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan; Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology Shinshu University 4-7-1 Wakasato, Nagano-shi Nagano 380-8553 Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanayama
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Laboratory RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6906-5812
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takarada
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Laboratory RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan.
authors.forename: Mizuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeda
keywords: DNA; cytochrome P450; gold; nanostructures; single-nucleotide polymorphism