title: Definitive carbon-ion radiotherapy for locally advanced parotid gland carcinomas.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to present our evaluation of the safety and efficacy of carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) for locally advanced parotid gland carcinomas.
  
  
  
  Clinicopathological features and outcomes were evaluated in 46 patients receiving C-ion RT for parotid gland carcinomas.
  
  
  
  Sixteen patients had adenoid cystic carcinoma; 8 had adenocarcinoma, 8 had mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and 14 had other carcinomas. T2, T3, T4a, and T4b diseases were diagnosed in 3, 18, 8, and 17 patients, respectively. C-ion RT was provided to 25 patients as the primary treatment, to 20 patients for local recurrences after surgery, and to 1 patient for residual tumor after surgery. During follow-up (median duration, 62 months), 5-year local control and overall survival (OS) rates were 74.5% and 70.1%, respectively. Of the 30 patients without facial nerve palsy before C-ion RT, 25 showed no radiation-induced facial nerve palsy.
  
  
  
  C-ion RT is effective and has acceptable toxicity levels for locally advanced parotid gland carcinomas. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 724-729, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Hospital, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koto
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Hospital, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Azusa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Hospital, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Hospital, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikawa
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Hospital, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naganawa
authors.affiliation: Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun-Etsu
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mizoe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jingu
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Hospital, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujii
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Hospital, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Hospital, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Chiba University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D018277:Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D063193:Heavy Ion Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments; D010307:Parotid Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: carbon-ion radiotherapy; charged particle therapy; facial nerve; parotid gland carcinoma; radiotherapy