title: Active-passive path-length encoded (APPLE) Doppler OCT.
abstract: We present a novel active-passive path-length encoded (APPLE) swept source Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) approach, enabling three-dimensional velocity vector reconstruction of moving particles without prior knowledge of the orientation of motion. The developed APPLE DOCT setup allows for non-invasive blood flow measurementsin vivoand was primarily designed for quantitative human ocular blood flow investigations. The system's performance was demonstrated byin vitroflow phantom as well asin vivoretinal vessel bifurcation measurements. Furthermore, total retinal blood flow - a biomarker aiding in diagnosis and monitoring of major ocular diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy or central/branch retinal vein occlusion - was determined in the eyes of healthy human volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20 / 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wartak
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20 / 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haindl
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20 / 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Trasischker
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20 / 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20 / 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pircher
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20 / 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christoph K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hitzenberger
keywords: (110.4500) Optical coherence tomography; (170.0170) Medical optics and biotechnology; (170.2655) Functional monitoring and imaging; (170.3340) Laser Doppler velocimetry; (170.4470) Ophthalmology