title: Morphological Patterns and Variations of the Nasal Septum Components and Their Clinical Implications.
abstract: The aim of this study was to clarify the morphological patterns and proportions of the components of the nasal septum. Anatomical examinations were performed on 70 nasal septums of embalmed Korean adult cadavers. The septal deviation was checked before cutting the nasal cavity midsagittally with the aid of a laryngoscope. The shape of each component of the nasal septum was identified, and photographs were taken from a midline sagittal view. A line was drawn on each photograph between the septal components, and then the area of each septal component was measured using software. The mean area proportions of the septal cartilage (SC), the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone (PPE), the vomer, and the nasal crest of the maxilla relative to the total area of the nasal septum were 25.6%, 43.0%, 25.8%, and 5.6%, respectively. The morphology of the nasal septum was classified into 3 main patterns according to the proportion of each septal component. The proportions of the SC, the PPE, the vomer, and the nasal crest of the maxilla were similar to the mean values of the present study in 45.7%. The proportions of the SC, the PPE, and the vomer were similar to each other (with a difference of <15%) in 24.3%. The proportion of the PPE exceeded 50% of the total area of the nasal septum in 22.9%. The results reported herein provide detailed anatomical knowledge that can be used as a valuable reference for rhinoplasty procedures.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Anatomy, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung†Department of Anatomy, Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea‡Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Hyung-Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Dai-Soon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: In-Hyuk
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: In-Beom
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002102:Cadaver; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055171:Nasal Cartilages / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult