title: Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid Attenuates Prooxidant and Profibrotic Mechanisms Involving Transforming Growth Factor-β1, and Improves Vascular Remodeling in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.
abstract: Vascular remodeling is an important complication of hypertension with oxidative stress-related profibrotic pathways involved. The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) has been shown to be a potential target of vasoprotection, and has multiple roles in vascular remodeling. Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid (AKBA) is one of the active principles of Boswellic acids, and shows antioxidant activity in many diseases. The study is to determine effects of AKBA on systemic oxidative stress of hypertension and vascular remodeling. In the experiments, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were used. And in vitro, fibroblast was pretreated with AKBA before Ang II stimuli. In the results, treatment of AKBA markedly reduced oxidative stress, and decreased vascular remodeling by restoring vascular wall parameters and improving vascular reactivity. AKBA dramatically reduced TGF-β1 and Smad3 expression, as shown in immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. In cultured fibroblast, AKBA decreased intracellular ROS levels. Cell viability and proliferation, as well as migration were inhibited by AKBA. Additionally, treatment of AKBA significantly decreased TGF-β1 secretion in culture supernatant. Expression of TGF-β1, Smad3, P-Smad3 and Smad7 were also decreased by AKBA in fibroblast. In conclusion, AKBA is able to attenuate oxidative stress and profibrotic mechanisms, and improve vascular remodeling in hypertension through TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Peijin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Wenxing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Tianlong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yikai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Lingfei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yuwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Aidong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005355:Fibrosis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066253:Vascular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C508962:Tgfb1 protein, rat; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014315:Triterpenes; C094432:acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid