title: Metabolically healthy obese and metabolically unhealthy non-obese phenotypes in a Russian population.
abstract: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUNO) phenotypes in Russian population.
  
  
  
  In cross-sectional epidemiology survey "Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors in some regions of the Russian Federation" a random sampling of 21,121 subjects (25-65 years), stratified by age and sex was involved. Anthropometry, blood pressure (BP) measurement and fasting blood-tests (glucose, lipids) were performed according to standard protocols. Criteria for MHO-body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2and ≤2 of markers: HDL < 1.30 (females)/1.04 (males) mmol/l; triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/l; glucose ≥5.6 mmol/l or treatment; waist >88 (females)/102 (males) cm and BP ≥ 130/85 mm Hg or therapy. Criteria for MUNO was BMI < 30 kg/m2and ≥2 markers listed above. Simple tabulations, descriptive statistics, post-stratification weights and logistic regression were used for analyses.
  
  
  
  MHO phenotype was detected in 2856 (41.5%) obese people; MUNO phenotype-in 4762 (34.4%) non-obese subjects. Aging was negatively associated with MHO and positively with MUNO prevalence. Gender was registered as determinant only of MUNO probability. No dramatic differences in lifestyle risk factors between 3 BMI groups (lean, overweight, obese) were found out.
  
  
  
  Half of obese Russian inhabitants are metabolically healthy. At the same time, metabolic abnormalities were detected in one third of non-obese participants with a shift to male gender.
authors.affiliation: Almazov North-West Federal Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova street 2, Saint-Petersburg, Russia. rotar.oxana@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Oxana
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5530-9772
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rotar
authors.affiliation: Almazov North-West Federal Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova street 2, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boyarinova
authors.affiliation: Almazov North-West Federal Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova street 2, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orlov
authors.affiliation: Almazov North-West Federal Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova street 2, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Vladislav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Solntsev
authors.affiliation: Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex, 3rd Cherepkovskaya, 15 A, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Yulia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhernakova
authors.affiliation: National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Petroverigsky 10, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shalnova
authors.affiliation: National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Petroverigsky 10, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deev
authors.affiliation: Almazov North-West Federal Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova street 2, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.|University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Kronverksky prospect 49, Saint-4 Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konradi
authors.affiliation: Almazov North-West Federal Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova street 2, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baranova
authors.affiliation: Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex, 3rd Cherepkovskaya, 15 A, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chazova
authors.affiliation: National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Petroverigsky 10, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boytsov
authors.affiliation: Almazov North-West Federal Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova street 2, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shlyakhto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Metabolic health; Metabolically healthy obesity; Obesity; Russian population