title: Prevalence by Computed Tomographic Angiography of Coronary Plaques in South Asian and White Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Low and High Risk Using Four Cardiovascular Risk Scores (UKPDS, FRS, ASCVD, and JBS3).
abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the association between various cardiovascular (CV) risk scores and coronary atherosclerotic burden on coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) in South Asians with type 2 diabetes mellitus and matched whites. Asymptomatic type 2 diabetic South Asians and whites were matched for age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Ten-year CV risk was estimated using different risk scores (United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study [UKPDS], Framingham Risk Score [FRS], AtheroSclerotic CardioVascular Disease [ASCVD], and Joint British Societies for the prevention of CVD [JBS3]) and categorized into low- and high-risk groups. The presence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD; ≥50% stenosis) was assessed using coronary CTA. Finally, the relation between coronary atherosclerosis on CTA and the low- and high-risk groups was compared. UKPDS, FRS, and ASCVD showed no differences in estimated CV risk between 159 South Asians and 159 matched whites. JBS3 showed a significant greater absolute CV risk in South Asians (18.4% vs 14.2%, p <0.01). Higher presence of CAC score >0 (69% vs 55%, p <0.05) and obstructive CAD (39% vs 27%, p <0.05) was observed in South Asians. South Asians categorized as high risk, using UKPDS, FRS, and ASCVD, showed more CAC and CAD compared than whites. JBS3 showed no differences. In conclusion, asymptomatic South Asians with type 2 diabetes mellitus more frequently showed CAC and obstructive CAD than matched whites in the population categorized as high-risk patients using UKPDS, FRS, and ASCVD as risk estimators. However, JBS3 seems to correlate best to CAC and CAD in both ethnicity groups compared with the other risk scores.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sanjay N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Gobardhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aukelien C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Dimitriu-Leen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; The Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Alexander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: van Rosendael
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Erik W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: van Zwet
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Medical Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cornelis J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pranobe V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Oemrawsingh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aan V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Kharagjitsingh
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J Wouter
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jukema
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schalij
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bax
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.j.h.a.scholte@lumc.nl.
authors.forename: Arthur J H A
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Scholte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001211:Asia, Western / Q000208:ethnology; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data