title: Related to ABI3/VP1-Like 1 (RAVL1) regulates brassinosteroid-mediated activation of AMT1;2 in rice (Oryza sativa).
abstract: The promotive effects of brassinosteroids (BRs) on plant growth and development have been widely investigated; however, it is not known whether BRs directly affect nutrient uptake. Here, we explored the possibility of a direct relationship between BRs and ammonium uptake via AMT1-type genes in rice (Oryza sativa). BR treatment increased the expression of AMT1;1 and AMT1;2, whereas in the mutant d61-1, which is defective in the BR-receptor gene BRI1, BR-dependent expression of these genes was suppressed. We then employed Related to ABI3/VP1-Like 1 (RAVL1), which is involved in BR homeostasis, to investigate BR-mediated AMT1 expression and its effect on NH4+ uptake in rice roots. AMT1;2 expression was lower in the ravl1 mutant, but higher in the RAVL1-overexpressing lines. EMSA and ChIP analyses showed that RAVL1 activates the expression of AMT1;2 by directly binding to E-box motifs in its promoter. Moreover, 15NH4+ uptake, cellular ammonium contents, and root responses to methyl-ammonium strongly depended on RAVL1 levels. Analysing AMT1;2 expression levels in different crosses between BRI1 and RAVL1 mutant and overexpression lines indicated that RAVL1 acts downstream of BRI1 in the regulation of AMT1;2. Thus, the present study shows how BRs may be involved in the transcriptional regulation of nutrient transporters to modulate their uptake capacity.
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road, Shenyang, China.|Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Yuan Hu
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Physiology and Cell Biology, Gatersleben, Germany.
authors.forename: Feng Ying
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung Il
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Je
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Chul Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Tian Ya
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jing Miao
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Ju
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, 20th Jeompiljaero, Miryang, Gyeongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Physiology and Cell Biology, Gatersleben, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicolaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: von Wiren
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Deok
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D060406:Brassinosteroids / Q000378:metabolism*; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006706:Homeostasis; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D060406:Brassinosteroids; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C088952:ammonium transporters, plant
keywords: AMT1;2; Ammonium uptake; RAVL1; brassinosteroids; rice; roots