title: Gold nanoparticle-filled biodegradable photopolymer scaffolds induced muscle remodeling: in vitro and in vivo findings.
abstract: Therapeutic stem cell transplantation bears the promise of new directions in organ and tissue replacement, but a number of its difficulties and perils are also well known. Our goal was to develop a method of transplantation by which the transplanted cells remain confined to the transplantation site and induce favorable processes. With the help of mask-projection excimer laser stereolithography, 3D hybrid nanoscaffolds were fabricated from biodegradable, photocurable PPF:DEF resin with incorporated gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). The scaffolds were tested in vitro and in vivo in order to find out about their biocompatibility and fitness for our purposes. In vitro, macrophages and mouse autologous adipose stem cells (ASCs) were seeded over the hybrid scaffolds and non-hybrid (with Au NPs) scaffolds for 4days. The hybrid nanocomposite greater stem cell dispension and stem cell adhesion than PPF scaffolds without Au NPs, but such a difference was not seen in the case of macrophages. In vivo, stem cells, scaffoldings and scaffoldings covered in stem cells were transplanted under the back skin of mice. After 14days, blood samples were taken and the affected skin area was excised. Cytokine and chemokine profiling did not indicate elevated immunomediators in the sera of experimental animals. Interestingly, the autologous-stem-cell-seeded hybrid nanocomposite scaffold induced muscle tissue regeneration after experimental wound generation in vivo. We could not observe such stem cell-induced tissue regeneration when no scaffolding was used. We conclude that PPF:DEF resin nanoscaffolds with incorporated gold nanoparticles offer a safe and efficient alternative for the enhancement of local tissue remodeling. The results also support the idea that adipose derived stem cells are an optimal cell type for the purposes of regenerative musculoskeletal tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, Tisza Lajos krt. 64, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zsedenyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Balazs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Gaser N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Abdelrasoul
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.affiliation: Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Biological Research Centre, Temesvari krt. 62, H-67268 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Edina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gyukity-Sebestyen
authors.affiliation: University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, Tisza Lajos krt. 64, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.affiliation: Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Biological Research Centre, Temesvari krt. 62, H-67268 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harmati
authors.affiliation: Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Biological Research Centre, Temesvari krt. 62, H-67268 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dobra
authors.affiliation: University of Szeged, Department of Traumatology, Semmelweis utca 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Sandor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kormondi
authors.affiliation: University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, Tisza Lajos krt. 64, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Gabor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Decsi
authors.affiliation: University of Szeged, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Koranyi fasor 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Istvan Balazs
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diaspro
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Szabolcs
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beke
authors.affiliation: University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, Tisza Lajos krt. 64, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Biological Research Centre, Temesvari krt. 62, H-67268 Szeged, Hungary; Biological Research Centre Institute of Biochemistry H-6726 Szeged, Temesvari krt. 62. Hungary. Electronic address: kr.buzas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Krisztina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buzas
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D011108:Polymers; D006046:Gold