title: Economic Costs Associated with Motorbike Accidents in Kathmandu, Nepal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Road traffic accidents, considered as global tragedies, are in increasing trend; however, the safety situation is very severe in developing countries incurring substantial amount of human, economic, and social costs. Motorcycle crashes, the commonest form, occur mostly in economically active population. However, there is limited number of studies on economic burden of motorcycle crashes. This study aims to estimate the total cost and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to motorbike accidents among victims of Kathmandu Valley.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients with a history of motorbike accidents within the past 3 to 12 months from the date of data collection. Interview was conducted usingpro formaamong 100 victims of accidents and their caregiver in case of death from November 15, 2014 to May 15, 2015. Cost estimation of motorbike accident was done based on human capital approach. Data collection tool was pretested, and collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Males (79%) belonging to the economically productive age group shared the highest proportion among total accidents victims. Most common reason for accidents was reported to be poor road condition (41%). Indirect cost was found to be significantly higher than direct costs, highlighting its negative impact on economy of family and nation due to productivity loss. Total DALYs lost per person was found to be 490 years, and national estimation showed large burden of motorbike accidents due to huge DALY loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For low-resource countries such as Nepal, high economic costs of motorbike accidents can pose additional burden to the fragile health system. These accidents can be prevented, and their consequences can be alleviated. There is an urgent need for reinforcement of appropriate interventions and legislation to decrease its magnitude and its associated grave economic consequences so as to nib this emerging epidemic in the bud.
authors.affiliation: Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences , Dhulikhel , Nepal.
authors.forename: Diksha
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sapkota
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Ministry of Health and Population , Kathmandu , Nepal.
authors.forename: Bihungum
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bista
authors.affiliation: Patan Multiple Campus, Tribhuwan University , Kathmandu , Nepal.
authors.forename: Shiva Raj
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Adhikari
keywords: DALY; accidents; direct cost; indirect cost; motorbike