title: Advances in understanding and management of retinopathy of prematurity.
abstract: The understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity have changed in the 70 years since the original description of retrolental fibroplasia associated with high oxygenation. It is now recognized that retinopathy of prematurity differs in appearance worldwide and as ever smaller and younger premature infants survive. New methods are being evaluated to image the retina, diagnose severe retinopathy of prematurity, and determine windows of time for treatment to save eyes and improve visual and neural outcomes. New treatments to promote physiologic retinal vascular development, vascular repair, and inhibit vasoproliferation by regulating proteins involved in vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, or erythropoietin signaling. Reducing excessive oxidative/nitrosative stress and understanding progenitor cells and neurovascular and glial vascular interactions are being studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. Electronic address: me.hartnett@hsc.utah.edu.
authors.forename: Mary Elizabeth
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hartnett
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000379:methods*; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors
keywords: angiogenesis; erythropoietin; insulin-like growth factor–1; oxidation or oxidative; oxygen; retinopathy of prematurity; severe ROP; vascular development; vascular endothelial growth factor; vasoproliferation