title: Growth, enzymatic glutathione peroxidase activity and biochemical status of juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer) fed dietary fermented soybean meal and organic selenium.
abstract: Solvent-extracted soybean meal (SBM) was fermented using baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae at 30 °C for 5 days. Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing 75% SBM protein, either fermented or non-fermented (SBM and FSBM), and supplemented or not with organic Se (OS) (SBMOSand FSBMOS), were fed to triplicate groups of juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer) (initial weight of 5 g) for 75 days. A fishmeal (FM)-based diet formulated for juvenile barramundi was used as a reference diet. The growth of fish was significantly affected by either the interaction of SBM type or by the OS level. In fish fed diets supplemented with OS (SBMOSand FSBMOS), final weight (FW), specific growth rate (SGR) and weight gain (WG) were higher in fish fed the fermented SBM (FSBMOS) than in those fed the non-fermented SBM (SBMOS). The apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of protein was higher in the fish fed the fermented SBM, either supplemented or unsupplemented with OS. However, there were no significant differences in the ADC of dry matter (DM) and lipids among the tested diets and in comparison to the reference diet. The haematocrit and leucocrit of fish fed the FSBMOSdiet were lower than those of fish fed the FM diet. Furthermore, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was significantly influenced by OS supplementation in the experimental diets; GPx activity was greater in the fish fed diets supplemented with OS. Creatinine kinase (CK) of all groups of fish was higher than the CK of those fed the reference diet. These results suggest that with a proper nutritional level, OS supplementation may act as an important factor in enzymatic GPx activity and in the haematology and blood biochemistry status of juvenile barramundi fed fermented SBM-based diets, encouraging improvement of the overall growth performance.
authors.affiliation: Feed and Nutrition Research Group, Department of Aquaculture, Jakarta Fisheries University (Sekolah Tinggi Perikanan Jakarta), Jl. AUP Pasar Minggu, Jakarta, Selatan, 12520, Indonesia. alimin212@yahoo.com.|Curtin Aquatic Research Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, 1 Turner Ave Technology Park, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia. alimin212@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ilham
authors.affiliation: Curtin Aquatic Research Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, 1 Turner Ave Technology Park, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fotedar
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D005285:Fermentation; D005399:Fishes / Q000502:physiology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D012643:Selenium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018036:Selenium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018036:Selenium Compounds; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D012643:Selenium
keywords: Barramundi; Biochemistry status; Fermented soybean meal; Glutathione peroxidase; Growth; Haematology; Organic selenium