title: Prepubertal subchronic exposure to soy milk and glyphosate leads to endocrine disruption.
abstract: Lactose intolerance is characterized by low or inexistent levels of lactase, and the main treatment consists of dietary changes, especially replacing dairy milk by soy milk. Soy contains phytoestrogens, substances with known estrogenic activity, besides, glyphosate-based herbicides are extensively used in soy crops, being frequently a residue in soy beans, bringing to a concern regarding the consumption of soy-based products, especially for children in breastfeeding period with lactose intolerance. This study evaluated the pubertal toxicity of a soy milk rich feeding (supplemented or not with glyphosate, doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg) during prepubertal period in male rats. Endocrine disruption was observed through decrease in testosterone levels, decrease in Sertoli cell number and increase in the percentage of degenerated Sertoli and Leydig cells in animals receiving soy milk supplemented with glyphosate (both doses) and in animals treated only with soy milk. Animals treated with soy milk with glyphosate (both doses) showed decrease spermatids number and increase of epididymal tail mass compared to control, and decrease in the diameter of seminiferous tubules compared to soy milk control group. Animals receiving soy milk supplemented with 100 mg/kg glyphosate showed decrease in round spermatids and increase in abnormal sperm morphology, compared to control.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address: nardi.je@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nardi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia Bonamigo
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Moras
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koeppe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacoscience, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Sarmento Leite Street, 245, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliane
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dallegrave
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Sarmento Leite Street, 500/309, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirna Bainy
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Grazziotin
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Rossato-Grando
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000187:drug effects*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011627:Puberty / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012708:Sertoli Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D041942:Soy Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D013739:Testosterone; D000097797:Glyphosate
keywords: Endocrine disruption; Glyphosate; Soy milk; Testosterone levels