title: Rising trend of diabetes mellitus amongst the undernourished: State -of- the -art review.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus is prevailing in the malnourished populations congruently in well-nourished ones with an escalating trend in the former group regardless of the absence of obesity as an etiologic determining factor as per the studies in underprivileged sectors of the population. Chronic undernutrition across a lifetime may be an imperative stimulator of diabetes in an individual either by progressively reducing beta cell function alongside islet cell volume and increasing the individual predisposition to other genetic or environmental diabetogenic influences with modifying influence on the course of clinical syndrome. Ketosis resistant insulinopenia is irreversible to the sustained vigorous nutritional convalescence in a substantial fraction of malnourished subjects. It also debunks a latent diabetic stage with insulin resistance reflected by greater insulin requirement in comparison to the patients with type I diabetes with the same beta cell failure fraction and obese type II diabetic patients with equivalent glycemic control gauged by HbA1c levels. Current tendency warrants the replacement of conventional therapy by community oriented theranostic approaches and health programs to curb the epidemic.
authors.affiliation: EMO B C Roy Technology Hospital & PhD Student School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India. Electronic address: nimmy.francis@smst.iitkgp.ernet.in.
authors.forename: Nimmy K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.affiliation: EMO B C Roy Technology Hospital & PhD Student School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India. Electronic address: Harpreet.singh@smst.iitkgp.ernet.in.
authors.forename: Harpreet S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Pawar
authors.affiliation: Vignan Institute of Technology and Management, Berhampur, Odisha, 761008, India.
authors.forename: Anirban
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India. Electronic address: analavamitra@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Analava
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitra
mesh_terms: D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Insulin resistance; Malnutrition; Under nutrition