title: Fuling Granule, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound, Suppresses Cell Proliferation and TGFβ-Induced EMT in Ovarian Cancer.
abstract: The compound fuling granule (CFG) is a traditional Chinese drug which has been used to treat ovarian cancer in China for over twenty years. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanism of its anti-cancer effect remains unclear. In this study, microarray data analysis was performed to search differentially expressed genes in CFG-treated ovarian cancer cells. Several cell cycle and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related genes were identified. The microarray analyses also revealed that CFG potentially regulates EMT in ovarian cancer. We also found that, functionally, CFG significantly suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence and the AKT/GSK-3β pathway is possibly involved. Additionally, the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer induced by TGFβ is significantly suppressed by CFG. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that CFG suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation as well as TGFβ1-induced EMT in vitro. Finally, we discovered that CFG suppresses tumor growth and distant metastasis in vivo. Overall, these findings provide helpful clues to design novel clinical treatments against cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2090-2701
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Shanming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Wenhong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Stem Cell Research, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
authors.forename: Libin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Minhe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002681:China; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional / Q000379:methods*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000070660:Wolfiporia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt