title: Development of new efficient method for isolation of phenolics from sea algae prior to their rapid resolution liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric determination.
abstract: The extraction of phenolic compounds from 4 different sea algae samples, three brown algae (Cystoseira abies-marina, C. abies-marina grinded under cryogenic conditions with liquid nitrogen, Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum muticum) and one red algae (Chondrus crispus) via solid phase extraction using micro-elution solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) plate method was studied. Prior to μ-SPE, 50mg of algae with 80% methanol mixture was extracted in hyphenated series by various extraction techniques, such as pressurized liquid extraction and Ika Ultra-Turrax®Tube Drive, in combination with ultrasound assisted extraction. The μ-SPE plate technique reduced the time of sample pre-treatment thanks to higher sensitivity and pre-concentration effect. Selected groups of benzoic acid derivatives (p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, gallic, vanillic, and syringic acids), hydroxybenzaldehydes (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde), and cinnamic acid derivatives (p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic, and chlorogenic acids) were determined using rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection with negative ion electrospray ionization (RRLC-ESI-MS) using multiple reactions monitoring. LOQs of measured samples varied in the range 0.23-1.68ng/mL and LODs in the range 0.07-0.52ng/mL. The applied method allowed a simultaneous determination of phenolics (i.e. free, esters soluble in methanol, glycosides, and esters insoluble in methanol) in less than 5min (including alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of raw extracts) from sea algae extracts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemĕdĕlská 1/1665, CZ-61300 Brno, Czechia.
authors.forename: Bořivoj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klejdus
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: Merichel.Plaza@uah.es.
authors.forename: Merichel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plaza
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemĕdĕlská 1/1665, CZ-61300 Brno, Czechia.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Šnóblová
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemĕdĕlská 1/1665, CZ-61300 Brno, Czechia.
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lojková
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols
keywords: Algae; Micro-elution solid-phase extraction plate; Phenolic compounds; Rapid resolution liquid chromatography; Tandem mass spectrometry