title: Elastic constant determination of hardwoods using ultrasonic insertion technique.
abstract: Ultrasonic insertion technique (IT) is an ultrasonic technique which involves sample immersion in a solution to determine its acoustic properties. IT is normally used to determine the acoustic properties of a medical phantom. We proposed the use of IT as an alternative technique to the common contact ultrasonic technique: through-transmission technique (TT) for determining the elastic constant of hardwoods in longitudinal, tangential and radial directions. The elastic constant of twelve rectangular-shaped Malaysian hardwoods from three different categories; heavy, medium and light with the density ranging from 602 to 992kgm-3were determined using IT and TT. Both techniques were carried out at 24.0°C surrounding temperature and utilized 2.25MHz ultrasonic transducers. Data from both techniques were compared to validate the use of the proposed technique. Findings indicated that IT offers consistent and accurate results for, tangential and radial elastic constants (TEC and REC) within 8.89% and 5.86% differences, respectively compared to TT for all tested hardwoods. IT offers an alternative technique for TEC and REC determinations of precious wood samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia. Electronic address: anisnmd@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Anis Nazihah
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Mat Daud
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rosly
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaafar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shahrul Kadri
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ayop
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Ikhwan Hadi
authors.initials: MIH
authors.lastname: Yaacob
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Md Supar
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rohani
keywords: Elastic constant; Insertion technique; Malaysian hardwoods; Through-transmission technique