title: Molecular approaches for classifying endometrial carcinoma.
abstract: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common cancer of the female genital tract. This review article discusses the usefulness of molecular techniques to classify endometrial carcinoma. Any proposal for molecular classification of neoplasms should integrate morphological features of the tumors. For that reason, we start with the current histological classification of endometrial carcinoma, by discussing the correlation between genotype and phenotype, and the most significant recent improvements. Then, we comment on some of the possible flaws of this classification, by discussing also the value of molecular pathology in improving them, including interobserver variation in pathologic interpretation of high grade tumors. Third, we discuss the importance of applying TCGA molecular approach to clinical practice. We also comment on the impact of intratumor heterogeneity in classification, and finally, we will discuss briefly, the usefulness of TCGA classification in tailoring immunotherapy in endometrial cancer patients. We suggest combining pathologic classification and the surrogate TCGA molecular classification for high-grade endometrial carcinomas, as an option to improve assessment of prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Cancer (ICO), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Piulats
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Cancer (ICO), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gil-Martín
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Berta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roman-Canal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gatius
authors.affiliation: Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institut of Cancer (ICO), IDIBELL, CIBERESP, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanz-Pamplona
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: August
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain. Electronic address: fjmatiasguiu.lleida.ics@gencat.cat.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Matias-Guiu
mesh_terms: D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics; D018269:Carcinoma, Endometrioid / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D004257:DNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D009154:Mutation; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D018297:Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D000075223:Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins; D011379:Prognosis; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D004257:DNA Polymerase II; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000075223:Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051176:beta Catenin; C117307:KRAS protein, human; C495901:TP53 protein, human; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human; C119525:POLE protein, human; C494929:PTEN protein, human
keywords: Apoptosis; Beta-catenin; Chromosomal instability; E-cadherin; Endometrial carcinoma; Genetics; K-RAS; Microsatellite instability; PIK3CA; PTEN; TP53