title: Pattern and predictive factors of health-related quality of life of patients with hypertension, diabetes and concomitant hypertension with diabetes in Ilorin, Nigeria.
abstract: Hypertension and diabetes are the two most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Nigerian population. Because of the lifelong nature of the two diseases and the attendant long treatment regimen required, assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important outcome of these diseases.
  
  
  
  This study assessed the pattern and predictive factors of HRQoL among patients with hypertension, diabetes and concomitant hypertension and diabetes using the 36-item short-form version 2.
  
  
  
  A cross-sectional study of 1203 patients attending the outpatient clinics of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin; the patients were sampled using systematic random sampling methods. Patients were divided into those with hypertension, diabetes and both diseases. The predictors of physical and mental component summaries of HRQoL were analysed using Norm-based Scoring. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval.
  
  
  
  The patients with both diseases have lowest physical HRQoL (45.6), while the diabetic patients have the worst mental HRQoL (39.5). Negative predictors of physical HRQoL across the three groups were: drug regimen (hypertension P < 0.001, diabetes P < 0.001, both P = 0.005), CVD complication (hypertension P < 0.001, diabetes P = 0.025) and accompanying persons (P < 0.001). The positive predictors of physical HRQoL across the three groups were medication adherence (hypertension P < 0.001, diabetes P < 0.001 and both P = 0.002). Similarly, medication adherence was the positive predictor for mental HRQoL across the three groups of patients (hypertension P < 0.001, diabetes P = 0.001 and both P < 0.001).
  
  
  
  This study provided evidence to show that HRQoL across the three categories of patients in Ilorin, Nigeria, is suboptimal. Drug regimen, medication adherence and support from accompanying persons were important predictive factors of HRQoL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Oladimeji Akeem
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Bolarinwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Hafsat Abolore
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Ameen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Emmanuel Olatunde
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Sanya
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Philip Manma
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Kabir Adekunle
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Durowade
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Mohammed-Mubashir Babatunde
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Uthman
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: James Ayodele
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ogunmodede
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, UITH/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Sikiru Ayobami
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Biliaminu
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, UITH, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Loius Okeibunor
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Odeigah
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Tanimola Makanjuola
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Akande
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D009549:Nigeria; D011788:Quality of Life