title: Nanodiamond-Manganese dual mode MRI contrast agents for enhanced liver tumor detection.
abstract: Contrast agent-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is critical for the diagnosis and monitoring of a number of diseases, including cancer. Certain clinical applications, including the detection of liver tumors, rely on both T1 and T2-weighted images even though contrast agent-enhanced MR imaging is not always reliable. Thus, there is a need for improved dual mode contrast agents with enhanced sensitivity. We report the development of a nanodiamond-manganese dual mode contrast agent that enhanced both T1 and T2-weighted MR imaging. Conjugation of manganese to nanodiamonds resulted in improved longitudinal and transverse relaxivity efficacy over unmodified MnCl2as well as clinical contrast agents. Following intravenous administration, nanodiamond-manganese complexes outperformed current clinical contrast agents in an orthotopic liver cancer mouse model while also reducing blood serum concentration of toxic free Mn2+ions. Thus, nanodiamond-manganese complexes may serve as more effective dual mode MRI contrast agent, particularly in cancer.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Weixin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Tan Boon
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Lissa Nurrul
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: Comparative Medicine Imaging Facility, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Tay Wei Zheng
authors.initials: TWZ
authors.lastname: Yvonne
authors.affiliation: A*STAR-NUS Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Singapore.; Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: Kuan J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Comparative Medicine Imaging Facility, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Ilonka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guenther
authors.affiliation: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: csikce@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Edward Kai-Hua
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008345:Manganese / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051379:Mice; D058612:Nanodiamonds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D058612:Nanodiamonds; D008345:Manganese
keywords: Drug-delivery; Liver cancer; Magnetic resonance imaging; Manganese; Nanodiamond