title: Direct Arylation Strategies in the Synthesis of π-Extended Monomers for Organic Polymeric Solar Cells.
abstract: π-conjugated macromolecules for organic polymeric solar cells can be rationally engineered at the molecular level in order to tune the optical, electrochemical and solid-state morphology characteristics, and thus to address requirements for the efficient solid state device implementation. The synthetic accessibility of monomers and polymers required for the device is getting increasing attention. Direct arylation reactions for the production of the π-extended scaffolds are gaining importance, bearing clear advantages over traditional carbon-carbon forming methodologies. Although their use in the final polymerization step is already established, there is a need for improving synthetic accessibility to implement them also in the monomer synthesis. In this review, we discuss recent examples highlighting this useful strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy. andrea.nitti01@universitadipavia.it.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nitti
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Renewable Energies & Environment, Eni spa, Via Giacomo Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy. riccardo.po@eni.com.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Po
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Renewable Energies & Environment, Eni spa, Via Giacomo Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy. Gabriele.Bianchi1@eni.com.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy. dario.pasini@unipv.it.|INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy. dario.pasini@unipv.it.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pasini
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D005663:Furans / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008752:Methylene Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D012993:Solar Energy; D013830:Thiadiazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005663:Furans; D011108:Polymers; D013830:Thiadiazoles; D013876:Thiophenes; C015700:benzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole; C018674:tetrahydrofuran; D008752:Methylene Chloride; D010165:Palladium; D002244:Carbon
keywords: Direct Arylation; organic photovoltaics; palladium catalysts; π-conjugated monomers; π-conjugated polymers