title: Patient safety under deep sedation for digestive endoscopic procedures.
abstract: Deep sedation with Propofol has become popular in recent years. The safety of this technique when administered by non-anaesthesiologists has created much controversy which at times is masked in a contentious debate on the economic sustainability of the health system. In 2011, the Spanish Society of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Pain Therapy, along with 20 other organisations from European countries, revoked the recommendations of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy on the administration of Propofol by non-anaesthesiologists, citing that it is "extremely dangerous for the safety and quality of endoscopic procedures". The FDA in 2005 had already rejected the use of Propofol by non-anaesthesiologists in the United States, a prohibition which was reiterated in 2010 and is still in force, basing its evidence, among others, on the recommendations and guidelines of the Joint Commission and the Declaration of Helsinki. In Spain, the data sheet of Propofol restricts the use of the drug to anaesthesiologists and intensivists in intensive care units. In our opinion, the key elements to discuss (which we develop in our paper) are those related to: a) the morbidity and mortality of sedation (which is the same as speaking about the factors that influence its safety); b) the appropriate professionals to use this technique; and c) economic aspects related to the use of said technique. Our conclusion is that a technique cannot be declared safe when a high percentage of patients present with varying respiratory depression (and therefore hypoxaemia) and hypotension. We are confident that the collaboration of the Spanish Society of Digestive Pathology and the Spanish Society of Digestive Endoscopy with the Spanish Society of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Pain Therapy is the first step towards finding a satisfactory solution for everyone, and especially for our patients.
authors.affiliation: Anestesiología y Reanimación, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, España.
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Anestesiología y Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Povisa (Vigo), España.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cabadas
authors.affiliation: Anestesia , Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (Sevilla), Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de la Matta
mesh_terms: D016292:Procedural Sedation; D054810:Deep Sedation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D061214:Patient Safety; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D015742:Propofol