title: Lodging stress in cereal-effects and management: an overview.
abstract: Uncertainty in climatic and weather conditions may result in lodging. Lodging is a most chronic constraint, which is causing tremendous yield reduction in crop plants; therefore, better understanding to control lodging-induced adversities or to enhance lodging resistance in cereals is imperative. In this review, we presented a contemporary synthesis of the existing data regarding the effects of lodging on growth and yield of cereals. Moreover, we highlighted key factors which trigger the detrimental effects of lodging in cereals. Numerous morphological, anatomical, and biochemical traits in plants that can influence lodging risk have also been discussed. These traits showed significant correlation with lodging resistance in cereals. At end, we tried to link our hypothetical concepts with previous evidences and provided a comprehensive summary of all the possible management approaches that can be used to further control lodging effects on cereals. The selection of a management option though is based on cereal type and genotype; nonetheless, different agronomic approaches including seeding rate, sowing time, tillage system, crop rotation, and fertilizer application help in reducing lodging risk in cereals.
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Adnan Noor
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China. Mohsin_1728@webmail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Mohsin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanveer
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Atique Ur
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shakeel Ahmad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Anjum
authors.affiliation: Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, 32200, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Javaid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Riaz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D002523:Edible Grain; D061353:Food Storage; D005838:Genotype; D010641:Phenotype; D014887:Weather
keywords: Agronomic management; Cereals; Lodging; QTL; Yield