title: Clinical performance of a glass ionomer restorative system: a 6-year evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term clinical performance of a glass ionomer (GI) restorative system in the restoration of posterior teeth compared with a micro-filled hybrid posterior composite.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 140 (80 Cl1 and 60 Cl2) lesions in 59 patients were restored with a GI system (Equia) or a micro hybrid composite (Gradia Direct). Restorations were evaluated at baseline and yearly during 6 years according to the modified-USPHS criteria. Negative replicas at each recall were observed under SEM to evaluate surface characteristics. Data were analyzed with Cohcran's Q and McNemar's tests (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred fifteen (70 Cl1 and 45 Cl2) restorations were evaluated in 47 patients with a recall rate of 79.6% at 6 years. Significant differences were found in marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration for both restorative materials for Cl1 and Cl2 restorations (p < 0.05). However, none of the materials were superior to the other (p > 0.05). A significant decrease in color match was observed in Equia restorations (p < 0.05). Only one Cl2 Equia restoration was missing at 3 years and another one at 4 years. No failures were observed at 5 and 6 years. Both materials exhibited clinically successful performance after 6 years. SEM evaluations were in accordance with the clinical findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both materials showed a good clinical performance for the restoration of posterior teeth during the 6-year evaluation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical effectiveness of Equia and Gradia Direct Posterior was acceptable in Cl1 and Cl2 cavities subsequent to 6-year evaluation.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sevil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gurgan
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. dt.zeynepbilge@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Zeynep Bilge
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Kutuk
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ergin
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sema Seval
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Oztas
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Filiz Yalcin
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Cakir
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003116:Color; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C470230:Gradia
keywords: Clinical performance; Composite resin; Glass ionomer cement; Posterior teeth