title: Implications of oxidative stress on viral pathogenesis.
abstract: Reactive species are frequently formed after viral infections. Antioxidant defences, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic components, protect against reactive species, but sometimes these defences are not completely adequate. An imbalance in the production of reactive species and the body's inability to detoxify these reactive species is referred to as oxidative stress. The aim of this review is to analyse the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of viral infections and highlight some major therapeutic approaches that have gained importance, with regards to controlling virus-induced oxidative injury. Attention will be focused on DNA viruses (papillomaviruses, hepadnaviruses), RNA viruses (flaviviruses, orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses, togaviruses) and retroviruses (human immunodeficiency virus). In general, viruses cause an imbalance in the cellular redox environment, which depending on the virus and the cell can result in different responses, e.g. cell signaling, antioxidant defences, reactive species, and other processes. Therefore, the modulation of reactive species production and oxidative stress potentially represents a novel pharmacological approach for reducing the consequences of viral pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Caetano
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Camini
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Carla
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: da Silva Caetano
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia Trindade
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. cintia.magalhaes@gmail.com.|Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil. cintia.magalhaes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cintia Lopes
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: de Brito Magalhães
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species