title: Positive and Negative Themes Found in Superhero Films.
abstract: Superhero films have become incredibly popular. The objective of this study was to determine the positive and negative themes found in a select number of superhero films. A total of 30 superhero films were analyzed. The average numbers of positive and negative themes were 19.4 and 29.5 mean events per hour for all included films, respectively. The most common positive themes were "assisting others/protecting the public," "positive relationships with family/friends," and "teamwork/collaboration." The most common negative themes were "acts of violence/fighting," "use of guns/knives/lethal weapons," and "bullying/intimidation/torture." Based on the superhero films included in our study, the number of negative themes, especially acts of violence, outweighs positive themes. Although an exposure to positive themes found in superhero films may be beneficial to the development of children, pediatric health care providers should counsel children and their families in an attempt to limit their exposure to violence.
authors.affiliation: 1 Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: 1 Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Georgeson
authors.affiliation: 1 Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Caitlin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.affiliation: 2 Coastal Carolina University, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Bryan H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Wakefield
authors.affiliation: 3 Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Tonya S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: 4 Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Olympia
mesh_terms: D058445:Bullying / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005201:Fantasy; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D009040:Motion Pictures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012919:Social Behavior; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D054041:Weapons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: coviewing; films; media; superhero; violence