title: Developing and Pilot Testing a Spanish Translation of CollaboRATE for Use in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Given the need for access to patient-facing materials in multiple languages, this study aimed to develop and pilot test an accurate and understandable translation of CollaboRATE, a three-item patient-reported measure of shared decision-making, for Spanish-speaking patients in the United States (US).
  
  
  METHODS
  We followed the Translate, Review, Adjudicate, Pre-test, Document (TRAPD) survey translation protocol. Cognitive interviews were conducted with Spanish-speaking adults within an urban Massachusetts internal medicine clinic. For the pilot test, all patients with weekday appointments between May 1 and May 29, 2015 were invited to complete CollaboRATE in either English or Spanish upon exit. We calculated the proportion of respondents giving the best score possible on CollaboRATE and compared scores across key patient subgroups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four rounds of cognitive interviews with 26 people were completed between January and April 2015. Extensive, iterative refinements to survey items between interview rounds led to final items that were generally understood by participants with diverse educational backgrounds. Pilot data collection achieved an overall response rate of 73 percent, with 606 (49%) patients completing Spanish CollaboRATE questionnaires and 624 (51%) patients completing English CollaboRATE questionnaires. The proportion of respondents giving the best score possible on CollaboRATE was the same (86%) for both the English and Spanish versions of the instrument.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our translation method, guided by emerging best practices in survey and health measurement translation, encompassed multiple levels of review. By conducting four rounds of cognitive interviews with iterative item refinement between each round, we arrived at a Spanish language version of CollaboRATE that was understandable to a majority of cognitive interview participants and was completed by more than 600 pilot questionnaire respondents.
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rachel C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Forcino
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Nitzy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.|Massachusetts General Hospital Chelsea HealthCare Center, Chelsea, MA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sanja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Percac-Lima
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, United States of America.
authors.forename: Glyn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elwyn
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center. Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.|Centro Universitario San Rafael-Nebrija, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pérez-Arechaederra
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, United States of America.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Barr
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012984:Software; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult