title: Induction of autophagy by phosphate starvation in an Atg11-dependent manner in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Upon nutrient starvation, eukaryotic cells exploit autophagy to reconstruct cellular components. Although autophagy is induced by depletion of various nutrients such as nitrogen, carbon, amino acids, and sulfur in yeast, it was previously ambiguous whether phosphate depletion could trigger the induction of autophagy. Here, we showed that phosphate depletion induced autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, albeit to a lesser extent than nitrogen starvation. It is known that rapid inactivation of the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) signaling pathway contributes to Atg13 dephosphorylation, which is one of the cues for autophagy induction. We found that phosphate starvation caused Atg13 dephosphorylation with slower kinetics than nitrogen starvation, suggesting that poor autophagic activity during phosphate starvation was associated with slower inactivation of the TORC1 pathway. Phosphate starvation-induced autophagy requires Atg11, an adaptor protein for selective autophagy, but not its cargo recognition domain. These results suggested that Atg11 plays important roles in low-level nonselective autophagy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gomi
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan. Electronic address: takahiro.shintani.d7@tohoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shintani
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001343:Autophagy; D000071183:Autophagy-Related Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C413216:ATG13 protein, S cerevisiae; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C502923:Atg11 protein, S cerevisiae; D000071183:Autophagy-Related Proteins; D010710:Phosphates; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C561842:TORC1 protein complex, S cerevisiae; D014157:Transcription Factors; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Autophagy; Phosphate metabolism; Target of rapamycin complex 1; Yeast