title: Hydrogen sulfide - cysteine cycle system enhances cadmium tolerance through alleviating cadmium-induced oxidative stress and ion toxicity in Arabidopsis roots.
abstract: Cadmium (Cd2+) is a common toxic heavy metal ion. We investigated the roles of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and cysteine (Cys) in plant responses to Cd2+stress. The expression of H2S synthetic genes LCD and DES1 were induced by Cd2+within 3 h, and endogenous H2S was then rapidly released. H2S promoted the expression of Cys synthesis-related genes SAT1 and OASA1, which led to endogenous Cys accumulation. The H2S and Cys cycle system was stimulated by Cd2+stress, and it maintained high levels in plant cells. H2S inhibited the ROS burst by inducing alternative respiration capacity (AP) and antioxidase activity. H2S weakened Cd2+toxicity by inducing the metallothionein (MTs) genes expression. Cys promoted GSH accumulation and inhibited the ROS burst, and GSH induced the expression of phytochelatin (PCs) genes, counteracting Cd2+toxicity. In summary, the H2S and Cys cycle system played a key role in plant responses to Cd2+stress. The Cd2+tolerance was weakened when the cycle system was blocked in lcddes1-1 and oasa1 mutants. This paper is the first to describe the role of the H2S and Cys cycle system in Cd2+stress and to explore the relevant and specificity mechanisms of H2S and Cys in mediating Cd2+stress.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science &Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.|College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Honglei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Yanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Biomass-Energy Conversion, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Neimenggu, 014010, China.
authors.forename: Wantong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Si
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Shaolin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Jiejun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Jisheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003542:Cystathionine gamma-Lyase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D003542:Cystathionine gamma-Lyase; C000604139:DES1 protein, Arabidopsis; D003545:Cysteine; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide