title: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Local Experience From Saudi Arabia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiological syndrome characterized by headache, altered mental status, seizures, or loss of vision. In this study, we report the largest series of PRES coming from Saudi Arabia and explore the etiology, clinical presentation, and outcome. We also report new imaging findings associated with this condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective study of all cases of PRES admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between the years 2005 and 2015. A neurologist reviewed all charts and analyzed the clinical presentations, etiological factors, and outcomes, and a neuroradiologist reviewed the imaging studies. Only patients with clinical and imaging features consistent with PRES were included in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We collected 31 patients who had clinical and radiological features consistent with PRES. Females were more affected than males (18 females and 13 males), and patients' age ranged from 6 to 95 years, with a mean of 38.3 years. Patients were treated by removing the precipitating causes and treating the underlying conditions. Resolution of neurologic signs occurred within 2 to 3 weeks in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our opinion, PRES itself is usually a benign condition with complete recovery if the condition is recognized early and managed appropriately. Although clinical signs are nonspecific, the constellation of symptoms including headache, visual problems, seizures, and altered level of consciousness should suggest the possibility of PRES, especially in high-risk group. Abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging are often characteristic and may be the first clue to the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hussein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Algahtani
authors.affiliation: King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulhadi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algahtani
authors.affiliation: King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aldarmahi
authors.affiliation: King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hmoud
authors.affiliation: King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Yousef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Marzuk
authors.affiliation: King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bader
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shirah
keywords: PRES; Saudi Arabia; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome