title: Comparison of the impact of human vs analogue insulins on glycosylated haemoglobin in a population with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect on metabolic control of treatment with conventional and analogue insulins for patients with diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study held in cities of Colombia (Pereira and Manizales). People insured by the paid healthcare system, who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, and treated with conventional and analogue insulin for at least 6 months prior to the start of the study were sampled and followed up for 18 months. Data were collected from clinical records for each patient. Treatment groups were compared according to the type of insulin received.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 313 patients were included; overall, 56.9% were women and the mean age was 57.3 years. No statistically significant difference was found in glycosylated haemoglobin reduction at 3, 6 and 18 months when comparing patients receiving glargine vs NPH insulin (P=.403) and NPH plus zinc crystalline insulin vs glargine plus glulisine (P=.514). The percentage of patients with metabolic control increased from 27.8% to 34.2% during follow-up with all types of insulin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin analogues were not superior to human insulin for glycaemic control. A significant proportion of patients did not attain the treatment goals; therefore, it is necessary to implement measures to improve the monitoring and control of diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Director Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A., Pereira, Colombia.
authors.forename: Jorge Enrique
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8455-0936
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Machado-Alba
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia.
authors.forename: Diego Alejandro
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Medina-Morales
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003105:Colombia; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007336:Insulin, Isophane / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting
keywords: Colombia; diabetes mellitus; effectiveness; haemoglobin A, glycosylated; insulin; pharmacoepidemiology; primary healthcare