title: Cryptococcus gattiiin an Immunocompetent Patient in the Southeastern United States.
abstract: Cryptococcal infections are seen throughout the United States in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The most common form isC. neoformans. In the Northwestern United States,C. gattiihas received considerable attention secondary to increased virulence resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. There are no cases in the extant literature describing a patient withC. gattiirequiring neurosurgical intervention in Alabama. A middle-aged immunocompetent male with no recent travel or identifiable exposure presented with meningitis secondary toC. gattii. The patient underwent 12 lumbar punctures and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and required 83 days of inpatient therapy with 5-flucytosine and amphotericin B. The patient was found to have multiple intracranial lesions and a large intramedullary spinal cryptococcoma within his conus. Following an almost 3-month hospitalization the patient required treatment with oral voriconazole for one year. In the United States meningitis caused byC. gattiiinfection is not isolated to the Northwestern region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: John W
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4360-9871
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Amburgy
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ditty
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vande Lune
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Shaaf
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Winfield S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Fisher