title: Preparation of S-Allylcysteine-Enriched Black Garlic Juice and Its Antidiabetic Effects in Streptozotocin-Induced Insulin-Deficient Mice.
abstract: S-Allylcysteine (SAC), produced in large amounts during the aging process of garlic via enzymatic hydrolysis, is known as a key compound responsible for the multiple pharmacological activities of aged black garlic. This study investigated the effects of enzyme- and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)-assisted extraction on the content of the bioactive compounds, including SAC, in black garlic juice (BGJ) and evaluated the antidiabetic effects of SAC-enriched BGJ in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated mice. The aging process increased the contents of SAC, total polyphenols, and total flavonoids in garlic juice. More importantly, pretreatment of pectinase cocktail with HHP resulted in a greater increase in those compounds during aging. Enzyme-treated BGJ reduced hyperglycemia and improved islet architecture and β-cell function in STZ-treated mice. Moreover, these effects were more potent than those of BGJ prepared by the conventional aging process. These findings provide useful information for the production of black garlic with improved bioactivities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Taek
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyejin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bong
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yeojin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Han
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ye Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Garam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jun
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1447-7857
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000178:diet therapy*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000032:analysis; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis; D013311:Streptozocin
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D059808:Polyphenols; D013311:Streptozocin; C065299:S-allylcysteine; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D003545:Cysteine
keywords: S-allylcysteine; aged black garlic; antidiabetic effect; high hydrostatic pressure; pectinase