title: Redness response phenotypes of allergic conjunctivitis in an allergen challenge chamber.
abstract: There are few direct data concerning symptom dynamics of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) in an allergen challenge chamber (ACC).
  
  
  
  To determine the AC dynamics on subsequent exposures to ragweed pollen (RW) in individuals with allergic rhinitis in an ACC. To determine whether consecutive exposures in an ACC have any persistent detrimental ocular physical effects.
  
  
  
  Participants underwent 3 exposures to RW in an ACC. Ocular symptoms of itching and tearing were self-assessed. Ocular redness and lid swelling were assessed by trained ophthalmic technicians. Complete ophthalmic examinations (COEs) were performed by an ophthalmologist.
  
  
  
  A total of 188 of 201 participants (93%) developed an ocular redness score of 2 or more in each eye in ACC exposure 1. Reproducibility of redness occurred in approximately 70% of individuals completing ACC exposures 1 through 3. There were no significant changes between baseline COE and end of study COE. Phenotypes were identified by redness responses during and after exposure. Baseline total ocular symptom scores, at 24 hours after a priming exposure, were identified as late-phase reactions rather than enhanced sensitivity.
  
  
  
  When assessed by trained professionals, AC was present with a very high frequency in selected individuals allergic to RW monitored in an ACC. Intrasubject reproducibility of redness was consistent across 3 ACC allergen exposures. Phenotypes were identified as early-phase responses, protracted early-phase responses, dual responses, and late-phase responses.
  
  
  
  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02079649.
authors.affiliation: Biogenics Research Chamber, San Antonio, Texas. Electronic address: robert.jacobs7025@sbcglobal.net.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Biogenics Research Chamber, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.affiliation: Biogenics Research Chamber, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Cynthia G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Rather
authors.affiliation: Biogenics Research Chamber, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Charles P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas.
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Jupiter
authors.affiliation: David G. Shulman, MD, PA, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trujillo
authors.affiliation: David G. Shulman, MD, PA, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Shulman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012882:Skin Tests; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens