title: Evaluation of Anticholinesterase and Inflammation Inhibitory Activity of Medicinal Mushroom Phellinus pini (Basidiomycetes) Fruiting Bodies.
abstract: Phellinus pini, a medicinal mushroom, has been used as folk medicine in Asian countries for treating ailments such as cancer and gastrointestinal diseases. In this study we evaluated in vitro the antidementia and anti-inflammatory activities of Ph. Pini fruiting bodies. Eleven phenol compounds were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory effects of a methanol extract and a hot water extract were moderate and comparable with those of galanthamine, the standard drug used to treat the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. The methanol extract had a neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity on PC-12 cells at concentration ranging from 20 to 40 µg/mL. The mushroom extracts also inhibited the production of nitric oxide and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, and they significantly inhibited in vivo carrageenan-induced hind-paw edema in rats. Therefore, it is suggested that Ph. Pini fruiting bodies possess anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory effects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hoan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Trung Kien
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Kwang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Soo
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002457:Cell Extracts; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D010636:Phenols; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase