title: Role of pharmacokinetic parameters derived with high temporal resolution DCE MRI using simultaneous PET/MRI system in breast cancer: A feasibility study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the reliability of pharmacokinetic parameters like Ktrans, Kep and vederived through DCE MRI breast protocol using 3T Simultaneous PET/MRI (3Tesla Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging) system in distinguishing benign and malignant lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  High temporal resolution DCE (Dynamic Contrast Enhancement) MRI performed as routine breast MRI for diagnosis or as a part of PET/MRI for cancer staging using a 3T simultaneous PET/MRI system in 98 women having 109 breast lesions were analyzed for calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters (Ktrans, ve, and Kep) at 60s time point using an in-house developed computation scheme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed a cut off value for Ktrans, Kep, veas 0.50, 2.59, 0.15 respectively which reliably distinguished benign and malignant breast lesions. Data analysis revealed an overall accuracy of 94.50%, 79.82% and 87.16% for Ktrans, Kep, verespectively. Introduction of native T1 normalization with an externally placed phantom showed a higher accuracy (94.50%) than without native T1 normalization (93.50%) with an increase in specificity of 87% vs 84%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall the results indicate that reliable measurement of pharmacokinetic parameters with reduced acquisition time is feasible in a 3TMRI embedded PET/MRI system with reasonable accuracy and application may be extended to exploit the potential of simultaneous PET/MRI in further work on breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, Delhi-Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India. Electronic address: drjena2002@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amarnath
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jena
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, Delhi-Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Sangeeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taneja
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, Delhi-Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Aru
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, Delhi-Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Negi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, Delhi-Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Shashi Bhushan
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, Delhi-Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sarin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: 3T MRI; DCE-MRI; K(trans); PET/MRI; Pharmacokinetic parameters