title: Optimization of an underwater in-situ LaBr3:Ce spectrometer with energy self-calibration and efficiency calibration.
abstract: An underwater in-situ gamma-ray spectrometer based on LaBr3:Ce was developed and optimized to monitor marine radioactivity. The intrinsic background mainly from138La and227Ac of LaBr3:Ce was well determined by low background measurement and pulse shape discrimination method. A method of self-calibration using three internal contaminant peaks was proposed to eliminate the peak shift during long-term monitoring. With experiments under different temperatures, the method was proved to be helpful for maintaining long-term stability. To monitor the marine radioactivity, the spectrometer's efficiency was calculated via water tank experiment as well as Monte Carlo simulation.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Xingyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China; Third Institution of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Jirong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: zengming@tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Yuhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
keywords: Efficiency calibration; LaBr(3)(Ce); MC simulation; Self-calibration; Temperature effect; Underwater γ-ray spectrometer