title: Clinical Implications of Sarcopenia on Decreased Bone Density in Men With COPD.
abstract: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are systemic features of COPD. The present study investigated the association between sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis and the factors associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in men with COPD.
  
  
  
  Data from 777 men with COPD who underwent both pulmonary function test and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were extracted from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey database between 2008 and 2011. Sarcopenia was assessed with the appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) and osteopenia/osteoporosis with the T-score.
  
  
  
  As the severity of airflow limitation increased, the prevalence of sarcopenia increased (Ptrend< .001). Additionally, as the degree of sarcopenia became severe, the prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis increased (Ptrend< .001), and a significant positive correlation was noted between appendicular skeletal muscle mass and BMD (ASMI/T-score: r = 0.408; P < .001). Sarcopenia was independently associated with an increased risk of low BMD in men with COPD (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.53-3.46; P < .001). Old age and low fat mass were significantly associated with low BMD in both sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic participants. High serum hemoglobin and insulin levels were associated with a reduced risk of low BMD only in the sarcopenic participants, whereas exercise and dietary intake were associated with a reduced risk only in the non-sarcopenic participants.
  
  
  
  Sarcopenia is closely correlated with osteopenia/osteoporosis in men with COPD. Moreover, different factors are associated with low BMD according to the presence/absence of sarcopenia in that population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji An
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Sam
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ah Young
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Leem
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Moo Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Se Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: stopyes@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Ji Ye
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014797:Vital Capacity
keywords: COPD; osteopenia; osteoporosis; sarcopenia