title: Estimated antimicrobial dispensing frequency and preferences for lactating cow therapy by Ontario dairy veterinarians.
abstract: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from responses to a questionnaire on dispensing frequencies of antimicrobials used by dairy practitioners in Ontario in dairy cattle in 2001. Data were validated through clinical case scenarios. Respondents reported using antimicrobials across all categories of importance to human medicine (medically important, Categories I to III) with a diversity of treatment combinations and routes of administration. Respondents anticipated that a request for direct veterinary supervision by producers was dependent on case severity, highlighting the importance of on-farm diagnostic and treatment protocols. Knowledge of the antimicrobials used in lactating cow therapy, and their frequency and reasons for use, will provide baseline information and contribute to antimicrobial stewardship in this food-animal production sector.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5B2 (Léger, Reid-Smith); Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 (Newby, Reid-Smith, Pearl, Lissemore, Kelton); Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Elora, Ontario N0B 1S0 (Anderson).
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Léger
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5B2 (Léger, Reid-Smith); Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 (Newby, Reid-Smith, Pearl, Lissemore, Kelton); Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Elora, Ontario N0B 1S0 (Anderson).
authors.forename: Nathalie C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Newby
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5B2 (Léger, Reid-Smith); Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 (Newby, Reid-Smith, Pearl, Lissemore, Kelton); Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Elora, Ontario N0B 1S0 (Anderson).
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reid-Smith
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5B2 (Léger, Reid-Smith); Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 (Newby, Reid-Smith, Pearl, Lissemore, Kelton); Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Elora, Ontario N0B 1S0 (Anderson).
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5B2 (Léger, Reid-Smith); Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 (Newby, Reid-Smith, Pearl, Lissemore, Kelton); Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Elora, Ontario N0B 1S0 (Anderson).
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Pearl
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5B2 (Léger, Reid-Smith); Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 (Newby, Reid-Smith, Pearl, Lissemore, Kelton); Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Elora, Ontario N0B 1S0 (Anderson).
authors.forename: Kerry D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Lissemore
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5B2 (Léger, Reid-Smith); Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 (Newby, Reid-Smith, Pearl, Lissemore, Kelton); Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Elora, Ontario N0B 1S0 (Anderson).
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Kelton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000145:classification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003625:Data Collection; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents