title: Identification of serum protein markers for early diagnosis of pregnancy in buffalo.
abstract: Improper or delayed pregnancy diagnosis has significant impact over animal production, particularly in buffaloes which inherently suffer from several reproductive inefficiencies. Thus the present study has undertaken to identify serum protein markers pertaining to early pregnancy diagnosis in buffaloes. Serum samples were collected from 10 pregnant Murrah Buffalo heifers at weekly intervals from days 0-35 post-artificial insemination and from 12 inseminated non-pregnant cyclic buffalo heifers on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and densitometric analysis revealed the presence of five protein spots showing average density fold change of ≥4 during early pregnancy. Mass spectrometry analysis identified these up-regulated proteins as anti-testosterone antibody light chain, apolipoprotein A-II precursor, serum amyloid A, cytokeratin type II, component IV isoform 1, which are have established roles in embryogenesis, but over-expression of the fifth identified protein immunoglobulin lambda light chain in pregnancy has been elucidated as a novel finding in the current study. Further, with bioinformatics analysis, potential antigenic B-cell epitopes were predicted for all these five proteins. An antibody cocktail-based approach involving antibodies against all these five up-regulated entire proteins or their epitopes could be developed for early detection of pregnancy in buffaloes. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science.
authors.affiliation: Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Lukumoni
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buragohain
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Trilok
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.affiliation: Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Arnab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Mayukh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Physiology, Veterinary College, Pookode, KAVASU, Lakkidi, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Sambhu Sharan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Arpita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bharali
authors.affiliation: National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Ashok K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mohanty
authors.affiliation: Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Inderjeet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Ashok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Balhara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002020:Buffaloes; D003181:Complement C4; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D053557:Keratin-2 / Q000097:blood; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D011247:Pregnancy; D011258:Pregnancy Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D013739:Testosterone / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D015415:Biomarkers; D003181:Complement C4; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte; D053557:Keratin-2; D011498:Protein Precursors; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D013739:Testosterone
keywords: buffalo; mass spectrometry; pregnancy diagnosis; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis