title: Anti-Inflammation Properties of Fruiting Bodies and Submerged Cultured Mycelia of Culinary-Medicinal Higher Basidiomycetes Mushrooms.
abstract: This research shows the phenolic composition and anti-inflammation properties of fruiting bodies and mycelia of 15 strains of 12 species of higher Basidiomycetes medicinal mushrooms. In this research, 15 extracts were prepared and their effects on inflammation-related mediators in RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. In the extracts, amounts of total phenols ranged from 8.47 to 70.32 gallic acid equivalents mg/g and amounts of flavonoids ranged from 0.13 to 15.21 rutin equivalents mg/g. The production of nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 was decreased at different levels by these extracts, whereas the production of interleukin-10 was increased by 6 of the extracts. Overall, Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies, Grifola frondosa fruiting bodies, and Ophiocordyceps sinensis mycelia might be used to ameliorate inflammatory responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, NCHU/University of California at Davis, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 2Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, NCHU/University of California at Davis, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Rao-Chi
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Lan-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yuan-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yu-Chieh
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Pei-Hsuan
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences & Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa; Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi.
authors.forename: Mikheil D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Asatiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology and Institute of Evolution, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Sophie-Gabrielle
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Wasser
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution and Department of Evolutionary & Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Maxim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krakhmalnyi
authors.affiliation: Oncology Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Abed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agbarya
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel; Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel; N.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, 2, Tereshchenkovskaya St., Kiev 01004, Ukraine.
authors.forename: Solomon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Wasser
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.; NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Jeng-Leun
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032661:Cordyceps / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry*; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000737:chemistry*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D025282:Mycelium / Q000737:chemistry*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002457:Cell Extracts; D005419:Flavonoids; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010636:Phenols; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide