title: A three-dimensional single-scan approach for the measurement of changes in cerebral blood volume, blood flow, and blood oxygenation-weighted signals during functional stimulation.
abstract: The blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) effect reflects ensemble changes in several physiological parameters such as cerebral blood volume (CBV), blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). Quantitative BOLD approaches have been developed to estimate CMRO2dynamics from BOLD, CBF and CBV responses, generally using separate scans. The ability to detect changes in these parameters in a single scan would shorten the total scan time and reduce temporal variations in physiology or neuronal responses. Here, an acquisition strategy, named 3D TRiple-acquisition after Inversion Preparation (3D-TRIP), is demonstrated for 3D acquisition of CBV, CBF, and BOLD signal changes in a single scan by incorporating VASO, FAIR-ASL and T2-prepared BOLD fMRI methods. Using a visual stimulation paradigm, we demonstrate that the activation patterns, relative signal changes, temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and estimated CMRO2changes during visual stimulation are all comparable between the concurrent imaging proposed here and the separate scans conventionally applied. This approach is expected to provide a useful alternative for quantitative BOLD fMRI studies where information about oxygen metabolism alterations can be extracted from changes in hemodynamic signals associated with CBV, CBF, and blood oxygenation.
authors.affiliation: F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: yingcheng88@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Peter C M
authors.initials: PCM
authors.lastname: van Zijl
authors.affiliation: F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pekar
authors.affiliation: F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000071937:Cerebral Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: BOLD; CBF; CBV; CMRO(2); Oxygen metabolism; fMRI