title: Treatment options of simple bone cysts: the role of bone substitutes, growth factors and literature review.
abstract: The solitary bone cyst is a typical tumor-like lesion of the immature skeleton, whose etio-pathogenesis is still unclear. The purpose of this work is to perform a review of the literature about the different surgical approaches focusing on the role of bone substitutes and growth factors. Literature analysis shows injection techniques of substances such as methylprednisolone, autologous bone marrow, demineralized bone matrix, calcium sulphate and surgical techniques that involve the resection and curettage associated with bone graft and/or intramedullary nailing. Although there are good results currently associated to these techniques and the different ways of treatment, the only evidence-based treatment is given by injections of steroids. However, given the high rate of failure, autologous bone marrow and platelet gel represent a viable therapeutic option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopaedics, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perisano
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, School of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopaedics, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Donati
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopaedics, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maccauro
mesh_terms: D001845:Bone Cysts / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D003475:Curettage; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008775:Methylprednisolone