title: Measuring core temperature using the proprietary application and thermo-smartphone adapter.
abstract: Fast and accurate measurement of core body temperature is crucial for accidental hypothermia treatment. We have developed a novel light and small adapter to the headset jack of a mobile phone based on Android. It has been applied to measure temperature and set up automatic notifications (e.g. Global Positioning System coordinates to emergency services dispatcher, ECMO coordinator). Its validity was confirmed in comparison with Vital Signs Monitor Spacelabs Healthcare Elance 93300 as a reference method, in a series of 260 measurements in the temperature range of 10-42 °C. Measurement repeatability was verified in a battery of 600 measurements (i.e. 100 readings at three points of 10, 25, 42 °C for both esophageal and tympanic catheters). Inter-method difference of ≤0.5 °C was found for 98.5% for esophageal catheter and 100% for tympanic catheter measurements, with concordance correlation coefficient of 0.99 for both. The readings were almost completely repeatable with water bath measurements (difference of ≤0.5 °C in 10 °C: 100% for both catheters; in 25 °C: 99% for esophageal catheter and 100% tympanic catheter; in 42 °C: 100% for both catheters). This lightweight adapter attached to smartphone and standard disposable probes is a promising tool to be applied on-site for temperature measurement in patients at risk of hypothermia.
authors.affiliation: Severe Accidental Hypothermia Center, Kraców, Poland. tomekdarocha@wp.pl.|Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, John Paul II Hospital, Severe Accidental Hypothermia Center, 80 Pradnicka St., 31-202, Kraców, Poland. tomekdarocha@wp.pl.|Heart for Life Foundation, Kraców, Poland. tomekdarocha@wp.pl.|Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraców, Poland. tomekdarocha@wp.pl.|Polish Medical Air Rescue, Warsaw, Poland. tomekdarocha@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Darocha
authors.affiliation: Heart for Life Foundation, Kraców, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Majkowski
authors.affiliation: Heart for Life Foundation, Kraców, Poland.|Department of Disaster Medicine and Emergency Care, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraców, Poland.|Department of Combat Medicine, Military Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanak
authors.affiliation: Polish Medical Air Rescue, Warsaw, Poland.|Polish Society for Mountain Medicine and Rescue, Szczyrk, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Podsiadło
authors.affiliation: Severe Accidental Hypothermia Center, Kraców, Poland.|Heart for Life Foundation, Kraców, Poland.|Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Pulmonary Hospital, Zakopane, Poland.|Poland Tatra Mountain Rescue Service, Zakopane, Poland.
authors.forename: Sylweriusz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kosiński
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraców, Poland.
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sałapa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraców, Poland.|Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraców, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mazur
authors.affiliation: Severe Accidental Hypothermia Center, Kraców, Poland.|Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraców, Poland.
authors.forename: Mirosław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ziętkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Polish Medical Air Rescue, Warsaw, Poland.|Department of Emergency Medical Services, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gałązkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Krzych
authors.affiliation: Severe Accidental Hypothermia Center, Kraców, Poland.|Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, John Paul II Hospital, Severe Accidental Hypothermia Center, 80 Pradnicka St., 31-202, Kraców, Poland.|Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraców, Poland.
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drwiła
mesh_terms: D001831:Body Temperature; D002404:Catheterization; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000175:diagnosis; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D000068997:Smartphone; D013821:Thermometers; D014432:Tympanic Membrane; D055986:Vital Signs
keywords: Accidental hypothermia; Core temperature; Equipment; Measurement; Thermometer