title: Association between Retinoic acid receptor-β hypermethylation and NSCLC risk: a meta-analysis and literature review.
abstract: Emerging evidence indicates that Retinoic acid receptor-β (RARβ) is a tumor suppressor in many types of tumor. However, whether or not RARβ is a risk factor and is correlated to clinicopathological characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In this report, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the effects of RARβ hypermethylation on the incidence of NSCLC and clinicopathological characteristics in human NSCLC patients. Final valuation and analysis of 1780 cancer patients from 16 eligible studies was performed. RARβ hypermethylation was found to be significantly higher in NSCLC than in normal lung tissue, the pooled OR from 7 studies including 646 NSCLC and 580 normal lung tissues, OR = 6.05, 95% CI = 3.56-10.25, p<0.00001. RARβ hypermethylation was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma (AC) compared to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), pooled OR is 0.68 (95% CI = 0.52-0.89, p = 0.005). RARβ hypermethylation was also found to occur significantly higher in smoker (n = 232) than non-smoker (n = 213) (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.54-3.93, p = 0.0002). Our results indicate that RARβ hypermethylation correlates well with an increased risk in NSCLC patients. RARβ geneinactivation caused by RARβ methylation contributes the NSCLC tumorigenesis and may serve as a potential risk factor, diagnostic marker and drug target of NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: De-Guo
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ying-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongxiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; C082925:retinoic acid receptor beta
keywords: RARβ; lung cancer; meta-analysis; methylation; tumor suppressor gene