title: Phytochemical and biological evaluation of Salvia apiana.
abstract: Salvia apiana (white sage, Lamiaceae family) plant is native to southern California and parts of Mexico. Some Native American tribes local to this region consider S. apiana to be sacred and burn the leaves as incense for purification ceremonies. The plant has been used to treat sore throats, coughs, chest colds, upper respiratory infections and poison oak rashes. The aqueous ethanolic extract of S. apiana showed moderate CB1 activity (58.3% displacement). Chromatographic purification of the ethanolic extract on silica gel column led to isolation of nine compounds: rosmadial (I), carnosol (II), 16-hydroxycarnosol (III), sageone (IV), cirsimaritin (V), salvigenin (VI), oleanolic acid (VII), 3β,28-dihydroxy-urs-12-ene (VIII), and ursolic acid (IX). The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by their 1D, 2D NMR and MS spectral data. All the fractions and isolated compounds were tested for cannabinoid and opioid receptor binding.
authors.affiliation: a National Center for Natural Product Research , University of Mississippi , University , MS , USA.
authors.forename: Radhakrishnan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9495-7169
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Srivedavyasasri
authors.affiliation: b Departmant of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Mississippi , University , MS , USA.
authors.forename: Taylor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.affiliation: a National Center for Natural Product Research , University of Mississippi , University , MS , USA.|b Departmant of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Mississippi , University , MS , USA.
authors.forename: Samir A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002140:California; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D047309:Flavones / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008800:Mexico; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000378:metabolism; D027544:Salvia / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D047309:Flavones; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid; C507949:16-hydroxycarnosol; C014049:salvigenin; C068623:carnosol; C007072:cirsimaritin
keywords: Salvia apiana; cannabinoid receptor; isolation; opioid receptor