title: A Surfactant-Free and Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Nonspherical Janus Particles with Thermally Tunable Amphiphilicity.
abstract: A surfactant-free approach is proposed to synthesize nonspherical Janus particles with temperature-dependent wettability on hydrophobic surfaces. Sub-micrometer-sized particles comprising poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) core and a thermally responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) shell are first synthesized to stabilize styrene droplets in water, producing a Pickering emulsion. Upon heating to 80 °C and subsequent addition of initiators to the aqueous phase, styrene droplets are polymerized and combine with the core-shell particles to construct dumbbell-shaped nonspherical particles. The shape of the nonspherical particles is controllable by adjusting the equilibrium time of the Pickering emulsion at 80 °C, which is conducted prior to polymerization. The mechanism of formation is discussed in more detail. Since molecular surfactants or stabilizers are not used during the synthesis, the present nonspherical particles well exhibit their own temperature-dependent amphiphilic characteristics. The aqueous dispersion containing the dumbbell-shaped particles alters its wettability on hydrophobic polymer surfaces according to temperature changes, demonstrating its temperature-dependent amphiphilicity change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
authors.forename: Nuri
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Chul
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D010316:Particle Size; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D011137:Polystyrenes; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C432006:divinylbenzene-polystyrene copolymer; C085085:poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid)
keywords: Janus nonspherical colloids; Pickering emulsion; amphiphiles; stimuli-sensitive amphiphilicity; surfactant-free