title: Prenatal transplantation of epidermal neural crest stem cells in malformation of cortical development mouse model.
abstract: Prenatal interventions may offer an immense opportunity in therapeutic protocols of malformations of cortical development (MCD). Epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI-NCSCs) of the hair follicle bulge exhibit features of both embryonic and adult stem cells; these cells maintain their neurologic differentiation capability because of their neural crest origin. However, it is unknown if prenatal use of EPI-NCSCs could be beneficial in targeting methylazoxymethanol (MAM)-induced MCD, which further addressed in the present work. EPI-NCSCs were prenatally infused to the MAM-exposed mice. Thicknesses of various cerebral cortex areas as well as corpus callosum was measured; there were markedly decrease in MAM group (p < .001 vs. untreated), but a significant increase in EPI-NCSC group (p < .05 vs. MAM), except for corpus callosum. Real-time PCR analysis showed high expressions for absent, small, or homeotic 2-like protein, nestin, doublecortin (DCX), neuronal specific nuclei protein (NeuN), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in MAM group (p < .001 vs. untreated), except for G-protein-coupled C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and CXC motif ligand 12 (CXCL12), whereas there were low expressions in EPI-NCSCs group (p < .01 vs. MAM). Immunohistochemistry of NeuN, GFAP, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (Iba1), and oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 (Olig2) was also revealed the same pattern as real-time PCR (p < .001 MAM vs. untreated, and p < .05 EPI-NCSCs vs. MAM). Our findings suggest prenatal use of EPI-NCSCs as a possible candidate for cell-based therapy of cortical injury through affecting neural markers and their relationship with glial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ameneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Omidi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Keywan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mortezaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eqlimi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Cordian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beyer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.|JARA-Brain, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Adib
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zendedel
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ragerdi Kashani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000032:analysis; D002642:Chick Embryo; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000166:cytology*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D008746:Methylazoxymethanol Acetate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D064231:Nestin / Q000032:analysis; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000166:cytology*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000032:analysis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000032:analysis; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: C491049:Aif1 protein, mouse; C514936:CXCR4 protein, mouse; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C000714847:Dcx protein, mouse; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064231:Nestin; C492380:NeuN protein, mouse; D009479:Neuropeptides; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; C528900:glial fibrillary astrocytic protein, mouse; D008746:Methylazoxymethanol Acetate; C030667:methylazoxymethanol
keywords: cerebral cortex; maternal microchimerism; methylazoxymethanol; stem cell