title: Induction of specific T helper-9 cells to inhibit glioma cell growth.
abstract: The effects of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) on regulation of immune response have been recognized; whether SEB can enhance the effects of immunotherapy on glioma remains to be investigated. This study tests a hypothesis that administration with SEB enhances the effects of specific immunotherapy on glioma growth in mice. In this study, a glioma-bearing mouse model was developed by adoptive transfer with GL261 cells (a mouse glioma cell line). The mice were treated with the GL261 cell extracts (used as an Ag) with or without administration of SEB. We observed that treating glioma-bearing mice with the glioma Ag and SEB induced glioma-specific Th9 cells in both glioma tissue and the spleen. Treating CD4+ CD25- T cells with SEB increased p300 phosphorylation, histone H3K4 acetylation at the interleukin (IL)-9 promoter locus, and increased the IL-9 transcriptional factor binding to the IL-9 promoter. Treating CD4+ CD25- T cells with both SEB and glioma Ag induced glioma-specific Th9 cells. The glioma-specific Th9 cells induced glioma cell apoptosis in the culture. Treating the glioma-bearing mice with SEB and glioma Ag significantly inhibited the glioma growth. In conclusion, SEB plus glioma Ag immunotherapy inhibits the experimental glioma growth, which may be a novel therapeutic remedy for the treatment of glioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guilin Medical University, Affiliated Hospital, Guilin, 541001, China.
authors.forename: Baohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311, China.
authors.forename: Dedong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guilin Medical University, Affiliated Hospital, Guilin, 541001, China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China.
authors.forename: Liyuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China.
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guilin Medical University, Affiliated Hospital, Guilin, 541001, China.|Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China.
authors.forename: Xuewei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017209:Apoptosis; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005910:Glioma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D016906:Interleukin-9 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D004768:Enterotoxins; D016906:Interleukin-9; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal
keywords: T helper-9 cell; glioma; immunotherapy; interleukin-9; staphylococcal enterotoxin B