title: Factors Associated With and Prognostic Implications of Cardiac Troponin Elevation in Decompensated Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Findings From the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure Program.
abstract: Elevated levels of cardiac troponins are associated with adverse clinical outcomes among patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction. However, the clinical significance of troponin elevation in the setting of decompensated HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is not well established.
  
  
  
  To determine the clinical predictors of troponin elevation and its association with in-hospital and long-term outcomes among patients with decompensated HFpEF.
  
  
  
  Observational analysis of Get With The Guidelines-HF registry participants who were admitted for decompensated HFpEF (ejection fraction ≥50%) from January 2009 through December 2014 and who had quantitative or categorical (elevated vs normal based on institution's reference laboratory) measures of troponin level (troponin T or troponin I, as available).
  
  
  
  In-hospital outcomes (mortality, length of stay, and discharge destination) and postdischarge outcomes (30-day mortality, 30-day readmission rate, 1-year mortality).
  
  
  
  We included 34 233 patients with HFpEF from 224 sites with measured troponin levels (33.4% men; median age, 79 years): 78.6% (n = 26 896) with troponin I and 21.4% (n = 7319) with troponin T measurements. Among these, 22.6% (n = 7732) had elevation in troponin levels. In adjusted analysis, higher serum creatinine level, black race, older age, and ischemic heart disease were associated with troponin elevation. Elevated troponin was associated with higher odds of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.19; 95% CI, 1.88-2.56), greater length of stay (length of stay >4 days OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.29-1.47), and lower likelihood of discharge to home (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.61-0.71) independent of other clinical predictors and measured confounders. Presence of elevated troponin I levels was also significantly associated with increased risk of 30-day mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; 95% CI, 1.42-1.80), 30-day all-cause readmission (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01-1.25), and 1-year mortality HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.26-1.45).
  
  
  
  Troponin elevation among patients with acutely decompensated HFpEF is associated with worse in-hospital and postdischarge outcomes, independent of other predictive variables. Future studies are needed to determine if measurement of troponin levels among patients with decompensated HFpEF may be useful for risk stratification.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
authors.forename: Ambarish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Harsh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Golwala
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Shubin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Adam D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: DeVore
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina4Associate Editor, JAMA Cardiology.
authors.forename: Adrian F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Deepak L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Heidenreich
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois8Deputy Editor, JAMA Cardiology.
authors.forename: Clyde W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Yancy
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: de Lemos
authors.affiliation: Ronald Reagan-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California10Associate Editor for Health Care Quality and Guidelines, JAMA Cardiology.
authors.forename: Gregg C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fonarow
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000572:American Heart Association; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000639:trends; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D014336:Troponin / Q000097:blood*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014336:Troponin