title: In-vitro investigation of the hemodynamic responses of the cerebral, coronary and renal circulations with a rotary blood pump installed in the descending aorta.
abstract: This study investigates the hemodynamic responses of the cardiovascular system when a rotary blood pump is operating in the descending aorta, with a focus on the cerebral, coronary and renal autoregulation, using our in-house cardiovascular emulator. Several improvements have been made from our previous studies. A novel coronary system was developed to replicate the native coronary perfusion. Three pinch valves actuated by stepper motors were used to simulate the regional autoregulation systems of the native cerebral, coronary and renal circulations. A rotary pump was installed in the descending aorta, in series with the heart, and the hemodynamic responses of the cardiovascular system were investigated with a focus on cerebral, coronary and renal circulation over a wide range of pump rotor speeds. Experiments were performed twice, once with the autoregulation systems active and once with the autoregulation systems inactive, to reflect that there will be some impairment of autoregulatory systems in a patient with heart failure. It was shown that by increasing the rotor speed to 3000 rpm, the cardiac output was improved from 2.9 to 4.1 L/min as a result of an afterload reduction induced by the pressure drop upstream of the pump. The magnitudes of changes in perfusion in the cerebral, coronary and renal circulations were recorded with regional autoregulation systems active and inactive.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rezaienia
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Avital
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mozafari
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, London Chest Hospital, Barts and the London NHS Trust, London E2 9JX, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.affiliation: Parks College of Engineering, Aviation and Technology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, USA. Electronic address: korakianitis@alum.mit.edu.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Korakianitis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000502:physiology*; D001775:Blood Circulation; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D012079:Renal Circulation; D012399:Rotation
keywords: Blood pump; Cardiovascular simulator; MCS; RBP; VAD