title: Designing Biomaterials for 3D Printing.
abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is becoming an increasingly common technique to fabricate scaffolds and devices for tissue engineering applications. This is due to the potential of 3D printing to provide patient-specific designs, high structural complexity, rapid on-demand fabrication at a low-cost. One of the major bottlenecks that limits the widespread acceptance of 3D printing in biomanufacturing is the lack of diversity in "biomaterial inks". Printability of a biomaterial is determined by the printing technique. Although a wide range of biomaterial inks including polymers, ceramics, hydrogels and composites have been developed, the field is still struggling with processing of these materials into self-supporting devices with tunable mechanics, degradation, and bioactivity. This review aims to highlight the past and recent advances in biomaterial ink development and design considerations moving forward. A brief overview of 3D printing technologies focusing on ink design parameters is also included.
authors.affiliation: New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guvendiren
authors.affiliation: New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molde
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomateriais Poliméricos (Poli-Bio), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçaves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosane M D
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kohn
keywords: additive manufacturing; ceramic; hydrogel; polymers; rapid prototyping; tissue engineering