title: Luminescent Lanthanide Cyclen-Based Enzymatic Assay Capable of Diagnosing the Onset of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections Both in Solution and within Polymeric Hydrogels.
abstract: Herein we present a supramolecular (delayed luminescent) Eu(III)-based pH-responsive probe/sensor with the ability to detect the urease-mediated hydrolysis of urea in aqueous solution. A series of photophysical titrations show this Eu(III) chelate behaves as an "on-off" luminescent switching probe, with its luminescence being quenched upon urea being enzymatically converted into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Calculation of the rate constant (k) and activation energy (Ea) for this hydrolysis reaction are detailed; the results demonstrate a direct observation of enzymatic activity in solution by the sensor. The potential application of this probe in detecting the onset of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) is also demonstrated by incorporating 1.Eu into water-permeable hydrogels that can be utilized as an alternative coating for catheters.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Esther M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Surender
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Samuel J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bradberry
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Sandra A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bright
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast , 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K.
authors.forename: Colin P
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6468-2018
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: D Clive
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Thorfinnur
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4814-6853
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gunnlaugsson
mesh_terms: D000080027:Cyclams; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D049449:Luminescence; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012996:Solutions; D014508:Urea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014510:Urease / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000080027:Cyclams; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D020100:Hydrogels; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements; D015335:Molecular Probes; D011108:Polymers; D012996:Solutions; D014508:Urea; C038072:cyclen; D014510:Urease