title: In vitro screening of radioprotective properties in the novel glucosylated flavonoids.
abstract: Novel glucosyl flavonoids are developed by the addition of glucose to naturally occurring flavonoids. Flavonoids are known antioxidants that possess radioprotective properties. In order to investigate the radioprotective properties of novel glucosyl flavonoids, in vitro DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) analysis was carried out. In the present study, Quercetin, Naringenin, and Hesperetin groups of flavonoids included in the natural and novel glucosyl 13 flavonoids were investigated. Flavonoids were mixed with Lambda DNA, and subsequently exposed to gamma‑rays. Furthermore, DNA DSB yields were visualized by gel electrophoresis. Quercetin derivatives displayed reduced DNA DSB formation at 10 µM. At a high concentration, the majority of flavonoids displayed radioprotective properties as a reduction of DSB yields. Suppression of DSB formation was confirmed via the molecular combing assay for Quercetin, and three monoglucosyl flavonoids. Glucosylation showed positive effects for radioprotection and monoglucosyl-Rutin showed superior radioprotective properties when compared to monoglucosyl-Naringin and Hesperidin. In addition, Quercetin derivatives had greater total antioxidant capacities and DPPH radical scavenging ability than other flavonoid groups. Since Quercetin, Isoquercetin, and Rutin display poor water solubility, monoglucosyl-Rutin, maltooligosyl-Isoquercetin, and maltooligosyl-Rutin may be better radioprotective agents and easily bioavailable with increased water solubility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1618, USA.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1618, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Haskins
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1618, USA.
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1618, USA.
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Allum
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1618, USA.
authors.forename: Alexis H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Haskins
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1618, USA.
authors.forename: Victoria A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Salinas
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sunada
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Taisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uesaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1618, USA.
authors.forename: Takamitsu A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry; D006031:Glycosylation / Q000187:drug effects; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010851:Picrates; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl