title: Study on the Intervention Effects of Pinggan Prescription () on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Based on Metabonomic and Pharmacodynamic Methods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of Pinggan Prescription (, PGP) on hypertension by the associated methods of metabonomic and pharmacodynamic.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 32 male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were randomly divided into two groups by using the random number table method: a treatment group (n=18) and a model group (n=14). The Wistar rats (n=14) were used as the normal group. Different prescription were used to intervene three groups: the treatment group in which PGP extract was administered orally at a dose of 18.336 g/kg (PGP/body weight), and the model group in which physiological saline was administered at the equivalent dose. The same treatment was applied to the normal group as the model group. The blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method, and pharmacodynamic indexes including cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and angiotensin II (Ang II) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The plasma samples from three groups were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the model group, blood pressure of treatment group was obviously reduced after continuous curing with PGP (P<0.01). The pharmacodynamic results illustrated that the content of Ang II increased with the raised blood pressure and the cAMP expressed the converse trend. After curing with PGP, the content of Ang II decreased, the difference between model group and treatment group was significant (P<0.01), and the cAMP expressed the converse trend. Five potential biomarkers were identified, including arachidonic acid, hexadecanoic acid, elaidic acid, octadecanedioic acid and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid. These metabolites had shown significantly changes as followed: arachidonic acid, hexadecanoic acid and elaidic acid were significantly higher and octadecanedioic acid and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid were lowered in the model group than those in the normal group. After the treatment of PGP, the metabolites had the trends of returning to normal along with the reduced blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PGP intervention for hypertension played a major role in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and linoleic acid. Metabonomic with pharmacodynamic methods could be potentially powerful tools to investigate the mechanism of Chinese medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China.|Medical School, Shandong Xiehe University, Jinan, 250109, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Qiang
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China. Yunlun.lee@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yun-Lun
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Lei
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Qing
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D055432:Metabolomics; D008954:Models, Biological; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal
keywords: Chinese medicine; Pinggan Prescription; hypertension; metabonomic; pharmacodynamic