title: Choroidal characteristics of acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is an idiopathic disorder characterized by serous detachments of the neurosensory retina and/or the retinal pigment epithelium affecting the macular area in the majority of cases. The objective of this study was to describe choroidal findings in patients with acute and chronic CSC based on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional, noninterventional study performed at Luigi Sacco University Hospital of Milan. Inclusion criteria were the presence of diagnosed (acute or chronic) CSC and being 18 years or older. Patients were evaluated with Spectralis spectral-domain optical coherence tomography enhanced depth imaging by 2 operators. The main features analyzed were intrachoroidal hyperreflective spots and hyperreflective choroidal vessel walls, as actual measurements of wall thickness could not be performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with chronic CSC had hyperreflective spots in 83.3% of the cases and hyperreflective choroidal vessel walls in 75%, whereas patients with acute course had the same alterations in 33% and 6.7% of cases, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings, if proven, may be indicative of chronic forms, thus guiding more accurate treatments and guiding clinicians through more accurate prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic, Department of Clinical Science "Luigi Sacco", University of Milano, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan - Italy.|Ophthalmology Unit, Clínico San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid - Spain.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Medrano
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic, Department of Clinical Science "Luigi Sacco", University of Milano, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic, Department of Clinical Science "Luigi Sacco", University of Milano, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cereda
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic, Department of Clinical Science "Luigi Sacco", University of Milano, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cigada
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic, Department of Clinical Science "Luigi Sacco", University of Milano, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Staurenghi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*