title: Delphinidin-Rich Maqui Berry Extract (Delphinol®) Lowers Fasting and Postprandial Glycemia and Insulinemia in Prediabetic Individuals during Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests.
abstract: Delphinidin anthocyanins have previously been associated with the inhibition of glucose absorption. Blood glucose lowering effects have been ascribed to maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis) extracts in humans after boiled rice consumption. In this study, we aimed to explore whether a standardized delphinidin-rich extract from maqui berry (Delphinol) affects glucose metabolism in prediabetic humans based on glycemia and insulinemia curves obtained from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after a challenge with pure glucose. Volunteers underwent four consecutive OGTTs with at least one week washout period, in which different doses of Delphinol were administered one hour before glucose intake. Delphinol significantly and dose-dependently lowered basal glycemia and insulinemia. Lower doses delayed postprandial glycemic and insulinemic peaks, while higher doses reversed this tendency. Glycemia peaks were dose-dependently lowered, while insulinemia peaks were higher for the lowest dose and lower for other doses. The total glucose available in blood was unaffected by treatments, while the total insulin availability was increased by low doses and decreased by the highest dose. Taken together, these open exploratory results suggest that Delphinol could be acting through three possible mechanisms: by inhibition of intestinal glucose transporters, by an incretin-mediated effect, or by improving insulin sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Institute, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Alvarado
authors.affiliation: MNL-Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3533-2844
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leschot
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Álvaro
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6053-7019
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Olivera-Nappa
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Institute, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Ana-María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Institute, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Hernán
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1175-1718
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rioseco
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Institute, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Institute, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vigil
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C017185:delphinidin