title: Epidemiology of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Center in Oman, 2006-2015.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify the risk factors for the development of drug-resistantMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection in a tertiary care center in Oman.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a cross-sectional review of culture-confirmed tuberculosis (TB) cases diagnosed at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital between August 2006 and March 2015. We compared drug-resistant TB cases with drug-sensitive cases to identify predictors of drug-resistant TB using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 260 TB cases reviewed, 73.1% were confirmed by culture. The proportion of multi-drug resistant TB was 1.8%. TB isolates resistant to any of the first-line TB drugs comprised (7.5%) of cases. Pyrazinamide monoresistance was the most frequently reported drug monoresistant pattern (3.5%). Previous treatment for TB (odds ratio (OR) 14.81; 95% CI 3.09-70.98,p< 0.001), female gender (OR 3.85; 95% Cl 1.07-13.90,p< 0.039), and younger age (OR 6.80; 95% Cl 1.61-28.75,p< 0.009) were found to be risk factors for development of first-line antituberculosis drug-resistant TB in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that the rate of drug-resistant TB in our population is a public health issue of great concern. Previous treatment with antituberculosis drugs, female gender, and younger age are risk factors for the development of drug-resistant TB. These findings are useful adjuvants to guide clinicians and public health professionals in the early detection and appropriate treatment of cases of drug-resistant TB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Al-Khoud, Oman.
authors.forename: Zied
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gaifer
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Providence Hospital, Washington D.C, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babiker
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Al-Khoud, Oman.
authors.forename: Dawar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rizavi
keywords: Oman; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Drug Resistant