title: Primary Pediatric Care Psychopharmacology: Focus on Medications for ADHD, Depression, and Anxiety.
abstract: The evidence base for psychopharmacologic interventions in youth with depressive and anxiety disorders as well as attention/deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has dramatically increased over the past two decades. Psychopharmacologic interventions commonly utilized in the pediatric primary care setting-selective serotonin (norepinephrine) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs/SSNRIs), stimulants and α2agonists-are reviewed. General pharmacologic principles are summarized along with class-related side effects and tolerability concerns (e.g., suicidality and activation in antidepressant-treated youth as well as insomnia, irritability, anorexia in stimulant-treated pediatric patients). Selected landmark trials of antidepressant medications in youth with depressive disorders [Treatment of Adolescent Depression Study (TADS) and the Treatment of SSRI-Resistant Depression Study (TADS)] and anxiety disorders [Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS) and Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study (CAMELS)] are described in addition to the Multimodal Treatment of ADHD Study. Finally, available data are presented that are related to prediction of treatment outcomes in youth with depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and ADHD.
authors.affiliation: University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Electronic address: strawnjr@uc.edu.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Strawn
authors.affiliation: University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Dobson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Primary Children׳s Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT.
authors.forename: Lisa L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Giles
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068760:Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D000068760:Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors