title: Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian Heart Rhythm Society 2016 Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Guidelines.
abstract: Sudden cardiac death is a major public health issue in Canada. However, despite the overwhelming evidence to support the use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in the prevention of cardiac death there remains significant variability in implantation rates across Canada. Since the most recent Canadian Cardiovascular Society position statement on ICD use in Canada in 2005, there has been a plethora of new scientific information to assist physicians in their discussions with patients considered for ICD implantation to prevent sudden cardiac death due to ventricular arrhythmias. We have reviewed, critically appraised, and synthesized the pertinent evidence to develop recommendations regarding: (1) ICD implantation in the primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with and without ischemic heart disease; (2) when it is reasonable to withhold ICD implantation on the basis of comorbidities; (3) ICD implantation in patients listed for heart transplantation; (4) implantation of a single- vs dual-chamber ICD; (5) implantation of single- vs dual-coil ICD leads; (6) the role of subcutaneous ICDs; and (7) ICD implantation infection prevention strategies. We expect that this document, in combination with the companion article that addresses the implementation of these guidelines, will assist all medical professionals with the care of patients who have had or at risk of sudden cardiac death.
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: Ratika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parkash
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nery
authors.affiliation: Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sénéchal
authors.affiliation: Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Blandine
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mondesert
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Birnie
authors.affiliation: Island Medical Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Laurence D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Sterns
authors.affiliation: St Mary's General Hospital, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rinne
authors.affiliation: Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Exner
authors.affiliation: Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: francois.philippon@fmed.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Philippon
authors.affiliation: Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: Jafna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.affiliation: St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dorian
authors.affiliation: McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Vidal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Essebag
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krahn
authors.affiliation: London Cardiac Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jaimie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manlucu
authors.affiliation: Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Molin
authors.affiliation: Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Slawnych
authors.affiliation: Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talajic
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D002309:Cardiology; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D055502:Secondary Prevention / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D012955:Societies, Medical