title: Cytomegalovirus Acquisition and Inflammation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Uninfected Zimbabwean Infants.
abstract: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) acquisition and inflammation were evaluated in 231 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected (HEU) and 100 HIV-unexposed Zimbabwean infants aged 6 weeks. The HEU and HIV-unexposed infants had a similarly high prevalence of CMV (81.4% vs 74.0%, respectively; P = .14), but HEU infants had higher CMV loads (P = .005) and >2-fold higher C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations (P < .0001). The CMV-positive HEU infants had higher CRP than the CMV-negative HEU infants; this association disappeared after adjusting for maternal HIV load. Overall, CMV acquisition is high in early life, but HEU infants have higher CMV loads and a proinflammatory milieu, which may be driven partly by maternal HIV viremia.
authors.affiliation: Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.|Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Ceri
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chasekwa
authors.affiliation: Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rukobo
authors.affiliation: Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Govha
authors.affiliation: Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
authors.forename: Kuda
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mutasa
authors.affiliation: Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ntozini
authors.affiliation: Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.|Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Jean H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Humphrey
authors.affiliation: Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.|Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.|Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Prendergast
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007249:Inflammation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult; D015030:Zimbabwe
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: HIV-exposed uninfected infants; cytomegalovirus; immune activation; inflammation; Africa