title: Parasitism and Predation on Sentinel Egg Masses of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Three Vegetable Crops: Importance of Dissections for Evaluating the Impact of Native Parasitoids on an Exotic Pest.
abstract: We conducted a survey to examine parasitism, predation, and the species composition of native parasitoids attacking sentinel egg masses of the invasive pest, the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), in bell pepper, squash, and tomato. A 2-yr survey was conducted for each crop. The species composition of parasitoids was determined for parasitoids that successfully emerged from eggs, parasitoids that were identified from dissections, and parasitoids that were found attending egg masses at the time of collection. The overall rate of brown marmorated stink bug nymphal emergence was 82.7% from laboratory-reared control egg masses compared with only 23.4% from sentinel egg masses due to a combination of predation, parasitism, and unknown mortality causes. Overall, 12.4% of sentinel eggs were parasitized. Parasitoids emerged successfully from only 2.3% of eggs, but they were dissected from an additional 10.1% of eggs. Telenomus podisi Ashmead was the predominant species identified from emerged parasitoids (57.4%), dissected parasitoids (90.2%), and parasitoids attending egg masses (77%). This study provides further evidence that the impact of native parasitoids on brown marmorated stink bug egg mortality may be greatly underestimated based solely on parasitoid emergence rates alone.
authors.affiliation: Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Bldg. 007, Beltsville, MD 20705 mary.cornelius@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Mary L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cornelius
authors.affiliation: Beneficial Insects Introduction Research, USDA-ARS, 501 South Chapel St., Newark, DE 19713 (christine.dieckhoff@ars.usda.gov; kim.hoelmer@ars.usda.gov).
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dieckhoff
authors.affiliation: Statistics Group, Northeast Area Office, USDA ARS, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705 (Bryan.Vinyard@ars.usda.gov).
authors.forename: Bryan T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Vinyard
authors.affiliation: Beneficial Insects Introduction Research, USDA-ARS, 501 South Chapel St., Newark, DE 19713 (christine.dieckhoff@ars.usda.gov; kim.hoelmer@ars.usda.gov).
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hoelmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002212:Capsicum / Q000254:growth & development; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D028464:Cucurbita / Q000254:growth & development; D020387:Food Chain; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006927:Hymenoptera / Q000502:physiology*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000254:growth & development; D008396:Maryland; D009758:Nymph / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology; D010063:Ovum / Q000502:physiology; D011235:Predatory Behavior
keywords: : Telenomus podisi; Anastatus reduvii; Trissolcus brochymenae; biological control; egg parasitoid