title: Clinical presentation and outcome of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in a Japanese sample.
abstract: We conducted a study of the clinical presentation and outcome in patients with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), aged 15-40years, and compared this group to an anorexia nervosa (AN) group in a Japanese sample. A retrospective chart review was completed on 245 patients with feeding and eating disorders (FEDs), analyzing prevalence, clinical presentation, psychopathological properties, and outcomes. Using the DSM-5 criteria, 27 (11.0%) out of the 245 patients with a FED met the criteria for ARFID at entry. All patients with ARFID were women. In terms of eating disorder symptoms, all patients with ARFID had restrictive eating related to emotional problems and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. However, none of the ARFID patients reported food avoidance related to sensory characteristics or functional dysphagia. Additionally, none of them exhibited binge eating or purging behaviors, and none of them reported excessive exercise. The ARFID group had a significantly shorter duration of illness, lower rates of admission history, and less severe psychopathology than the AN group. The ARFID group reported significantly better outcome results than the AN group. These results suggest that patients with ARFID in this study were clinically distinct from those with AN and somewhat different from pediatric patients with ARFID in previous studies.
authors.affiliation: Kyoto Institute of Health Sciences, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: ynakai@helen.ocn.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshikatsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Shun'ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noma
authors.affiliation: Takagi Psychiatric Clinic, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamagaki
authors.affiliation: Takagi Psychiatric Clinic, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teramukai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wonderlich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D004435:Eating / Q000523:psychology*; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011599:Psychopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Anorexia nervosa; Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder; Clinical presentation; Outcome