title: Developmental Relations Among Behavioral Inhibition, Anxiety, and Attention Biases to Threat and Positive Information.
abstract: This study examined relations between behavioral inhibition (BI) assessed in toddlerhood (n = 268) and attention biases (AB) to threat and positive faces and maternal-reported anxiety assessed when children were 5- and 7-year-old. Results revealed that BI predicted anxiety at age 7 in children with AB toward threat, away from positive, or with no bias, at age 7; BI did not predict anxiety for children displaying AB away from threat or toward positive. Five-year AB did not moderate the link between BI and 7-year anxiety. No direct association between AB and BI or anxiety was detected; moreover, children did not show stable AB across development. These findings extend our understanding of the developmental links among BI, AB, and anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
authors.forename: Lauren K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Catholic University.
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Degnan
authors.affiliation: University of Waterloo.
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: The Pennsylvania State University.
authors.forename: Koraly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pérez-Edgar
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, College Park.
authors.forename: Olga L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: University of Haifa.
authors.forename: Tomer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shechner
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Mental Health.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leibenluft
authors.affiliation: Tel Aviv University.
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bar-Haim
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Mental Health.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pine
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, College Park.
authors.forename: Nathan A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Fox
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000070379:Attentional Bias / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male