title: Cerebellar Insulin/IGF-1 signaling in diabetic rats: Effects of exercise training.
abstract: The Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease associated with loss of brain regions such as the cerebellum, increasing the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). In the brain of diabetic and PD organisms the insulin/IGF-1 signaling is altered. Exercise training is an effective intervention for the prevention of neurodegerative diseases since it release neurotrophic factors and regulating insulin/IGF-1 signaling in the brain. This study aimed to evaluate the proteins involved in the insulin/IGF-1 pathway in the cerebellum of diabetic rats subjected to exercise training protocol. Wistar rats were distributed in four groups: sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD) and trained diabetic (TD). Diabetes was induced by Alloxan (ALX) (32mg/kgb.w.). The training program consisted in swimming 5days/week, 1h/day, during 6 weeks, supporting an overload corresponding to 90% of the anaerobic threshold. At the end, cerebellum was extracted to determinate the protein expression of GSK-3β, IRβ and IGF-1R and the phosphorylation of β-amyloid, Tau, ERK1+ERK2 by Western Blot analysis. All dependent variables were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance with significance level of 5%. Diabetes causes hyperglycemia in both diabetic groups; however, in TD, there was a reduction in hyperglycemia compared to SD. Diabetes increased Tau and β-amyloid phosphorylation in both SD and TD groups. Furthermore, aerobic exercise increased ERK1+ERK2 expression in TC. The data showed that in cerebellum of diabetic rats induced by alloxan there are some proteins expression like Parkinson cerebellum increased, and the exercise training was not able to modulate the expression of these proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Eiras
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Mussi
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Sport Science Course, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Rodrigo
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pauli
authors.affiliation: Departament of Physical Education, University Center of Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Mendonça
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliete
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luciano
authors.affiliation: Sport Science Course, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro Pereira
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: de Moura
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Catholic University Center Unisalesiano, Lins, São Paulo, Brazil, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Alexandre Curiacos
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: de Almeida Leme
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natália Oliveira
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Bertolini
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarice Yoshiko
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Sibuya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: ricardojosegomes@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Ricardo José
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gomes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009417:Nerve Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
keywords: Cerebellum; Diabetes; Exercise