title: A Cell-Based Self-Assembly Approach for the Production of Human Osseous Tissues from Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells.
abstract: Achieving optimal bone defect repair is a clinical challenge driving intensive research in the field of bone tissue engineering. Many strategies focus on seeding graft materials with progenitor cells prior to in vivo implantation. Given the benefits of closely mimicking tissue structure and function with natural materials, the authors hypothesize that under specific culture conditions, human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (hASCs) can solely be used to engineer human reconstructed osseous tissues (hROTs) by undergoing osteoblastic differentiation with concomitant extracellular matrix production and mineralization. Therefore, the authors are developing a self-assembly methodology allowing the production of such osseous tissues. Three-dimensional (3D) tissues reconstructed from osteogenically-induced cell sheets contain abundant collagen type I and are 2.7-fold less contractile compared to non-osteogenically induced tissues. In particular, hROT differentiation and mineralization is reflected by a greater amount of homogenously distributed alkaline phosphatase, as well as higher calcium-containing hydroxyapatite (P < 0.0001) and osteocalcin (P < 0.0001) levels compared to non-induced tissues. Taken together, these findings show that hASC-driven tissue engineering leads to hROTs that demonstrate structural and functional characteristics similar to native osseous tissue. These highly biomimetic human osseous tissues will advantageously serve as a platform for molecular studies as well as for future therapeutic in vivo translation.
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en organogenèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Galbraith
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en organogenèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Clafshenkel
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en organogenèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kawecki
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en organogenèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blanckaert
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en organogenèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Labbé
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en organogenèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fortin
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en organogenèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.|Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: François A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Auger
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en organogenèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.|Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fradette
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation
keywords: adipose; mesenchymal stem cells; osteogenesis; self-assembly; tissue engineering