title: HIV-Infected Patients With and Without Lipodystrophy Under Combined Antiretroviral Therapy: Evaluation of Body Composition.
abstract: In HIV-infected patients, combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is associated to adipose tissue redistribution known as lipodystrophy and associated cardiometabolic risk. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of body composition in HIV-infected patients, with and without lipodystrophy, over 2 yr. We evaluated anthropometric parameters and body composition by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 144 HIV-infected patients on cART. We defined lipodystrophy by fat mass ratio. Lipodystrophy was present in 45.77% of the patients. These patients presented higher HIV infection duration, cART duration, and CD4+ cell count, with no differences regarding gender, age, body mass index, and viral load. Patients with lipodystrophy showed an increase in total fat mass (9.9%) and upper-limbs fat mass (17.6%), with a decrease in total, trunk, and lower-limbs fat-free mass (2.2%; 2.2%, and 3.9%, respectively), over 2 yr. In patients without lipodystrophy, the trunk fat-free mass decreased 1.9% over time, and no changes were observed in the other studied parameters. In patients with lipodystrophy, there was predominantly a central fat mass gain, with no changes in lower limbs, suggesting that peripheral adipocytes lose their regenerative capacity.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculty of Medicine, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: ines.grenha@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Inês
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grenha
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculty of Medicine, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculty of Medicine, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; EPIUNIT-Institute of Public Health of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarmento
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculty of Medicine, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculty of Medicine, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Freitas
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D035002:Lower Extremity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D060726:Torso; D034941:Upper Extremity; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: Body composition; HIV; combined antiretroviral therapy; lipodystrophy; over 2 yr