title: The Combination of Resveratrol and High-Fluence Light Emitting Diode-Red Light Produces Synergistic Photobotanical Inhibition of Fibroblast Proliferation and Collagen Synthesis: A Novel Treatment for Skin Fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Skin fibrosis is a debilitating condition that significantly impacts patient quality of life. Ultraviolet phototherapy is currently used to treat several diseases featuring skin fibrosis. High-fluence light-emitting diode-generated red light (HF-LED-RL) does not cause DNA damage associated with skin cancer, and it is generally regarded as safe, portable, and cost-effective. Early clinical observations suggest that LED-generated light may possess antifibrotic effects, although these findings are largely unexplored. Previously published research demonstrated that HF-LED-RL decreases fibroblast proliferation and collagen in vitro.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to compare the combination effects of HF-LED-RL alone with HF-LED-RL in combination with resveratrol.
  
  
  METHODS
  It is hypothesized that resveratrol, an active ingredient in red wine, a potent antioxidant scavenger of reactive oxygen species, and an inhibitor of collagen production, may synergistically decrease fibroblast proliferation and collagen production when combined with HF-LED-RL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, evidence is provided that resveratrol combined with HF-LED-RL acts synergistically to decrease fibroblast proliferation and procollagen 1A1 production, and this represents a new potential therapeutic modality that is termed the "photobotanical" effect due to the combined light and botanical properties observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study, discovery, and use of photobotanical combinations may usher in new therapeutics or phototherapy adjuvants for the treatment of dermatologic diseases.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Internal Medicine, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California;†Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California;‡Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, California;§Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mamalis
authors.forename: Jared
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jagdeo
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D003116:Color; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D024042:Collagen Type I; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D013267:Stilbenes; D000077185:Resveratrol