title: Race and contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography and cardiac catheterization.
abstract: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an acute worsening of renal function after receiving intravascular contrast during a procedure. Some of the predisposing factors include underlying diabetes, chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, periprocedural hypotension, anemia, contrast volume, and osmolality of contrast; however, it remains unclear if risk varies for CIN with race and ethnicity. There is evidence in the literature showing the link between race/ethnicity and the discrepancies in the utilization of preventive care services and the resources related to cardiovascular and renal health. While these disparities continue to exist and affect some of the predictors of CIN, this review will explore the extent to which race and ethnicity directly affect CIN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System and McGuire VAMC, Richmond, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Raveen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chawla
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System and McGuire VAMC, Richmond, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Turlington
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System and McGuire VAMC, Richmond, VA, United States; Division of Nephrology, McGuire VAMC, Richmond, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System and McGuire VAMC, Richmond, VA, United States; Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System and McGuire VAMC, Richmond, VA, United States. Electronic address: isjovin@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ion S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Jovin
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D044469:Racial Groups; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Cardiac catheterization; Contrast-induced nephropathy; Disparity; Outcome research; Race