title: Evaluation of ultrasonic and conventional surgical techniques for genioplasty combined with two different osteosynthesis plates: a cadaveric study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare genioplasties performed using traditional saw or piezosurgery combined with different osteosynthesis plates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two genioplasties were first performed on fresh human cadavers using a saw or piezosurgery, followed by chin osteosynthesis with bending or pre-shaped plates. The time required for osteotomy and plate fixation was measured, and the suprahyoid pedicle was inspected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean time required was 204 s (SD 43) with the saw and 52 s (SD 67) with piezosurgery. Osteosynthesis fixation time was 100 s (SD 31) for pre-shaped plates and 124 s (SD 24) for individual plates. Statistical differences were found between both osteotomy techniques (p < 0.001) and osteosynthesis plates (p = 0.025). Injuries of the suprahyoid muscle pedicle were found in 10/16 saw cases and 3/16 piezosurgery cases (p = 0.012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although piezosurgery is more time consuming compared with saw osteotomy, it is still adequate in time and allows a reduction of the suprahyoid pedicle injuries. Therefore, piezosurgery seems to be a viable alternative technique for genioplasty. From a clinical point of view, the time difference for osteosynthesis fixation has no significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The time taken for ultrasonic surgery is suitable for clinical use and leads additional to less damage to the suprahyoid pedicle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany. smoehlhenrich@ukaachen.de.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany. smoehlhenrich@ukaachen.de.
authors.forename: Stephan Christian
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Möhlhenrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Nassim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ayoub
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, Medical Faculty of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prescher
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hölzle
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Modabber
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001860:Bone Plates; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D063172:Genioplasty / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063168:Mandibular Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D059745:Piezosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Genioplasty; Piezosurgery; Saw osteotomy; Suprahyoid pedicle injury; Ultrasonic osteotomy