title: Exon-Enriched Libraries Reveal Large Genic Differences BetweenAedes aegyptifrom Senegal, West Africa, and Populations Outside Africa.
abstract: Aedes aegyptiis one of the most studied mosquito species, and the principal vector of several arboviruses pathogenic to humans. Recently failure to oviposit, low fecundity, and poor egg-to-adult survival were observed whenAe. aegyptifrom Senegal (SenAae) West Africa were crossed withAe. aegypti(Aaa) from outside of Africa, and inSenAaeintercrosses. Fluorescentin situhybridization analyses indicated rearrangements on chromosome 1, and pericentric inversions on chromosomes 2 and 3. Herein, high throughput sequencing (HTS) of exon-enriched libraries was used to compare chromosome-wide genetic diversity amongAaacollections from rural Thailand and Mexico, a sylvatic collection from southeastern Senegal (PK10), and an urban collection from western Senegal (Kaolack). Sex-specific polymorphisms were analyzed in Thailand and PK10 to assess genetic differences between sexes. Expected heterozygosity was greatest inSenAaeFSTdistributions of 15,735 genes among all six pairwise comparisons of the four collections indicated that Mexican and Thailand collections are genetically similar, while FSTdistributions between PK10 and Kaolack were distinct. All four comparisons ofSenAaewithAaaindicated extreme differentiation. FSTwas uniform between sexes across all chromosomes in Thailand, but were different, especially on the sex autosome 1, in PK10. These patterns correlate with the reproductive isolation noted earlier. We hypothesize that crypticAe. aegyptitaxa may exist in West Africa, and the large genic differences betweenAaaandSenAaedetected in the present study have accumulated over a long period following the evolution of chromosome rearrangements in allopatric populations that subsequently cause reproductive isolation when these populations became sympatric.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Dickson
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
authors.forename: Corey L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, CB24 6BG, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Punita
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Juneja
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, CB24 6BG, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Francis M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Jiggins
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
authors.forename: Massamba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sylla
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 william.black@colostate.edu.
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000235:genetics*; D000354:Africa, Western; D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics*; D015723:Gene Library; D014644:Genetic Variation; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D012675:Senegal; D013785:Thailand
keywords: Aedes aegypti; West Africa; genome; population genomics; subspecies