title: Residential Proximity to Major Roadways and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.
abstract: Research indicates that higher levels of traffic-related pollution exposure increase the risk of diabetes, but the association between road proximity and diabetes risk remains unclear. To assess and quantify the association between residential proximity to major roadways and type 2 diabetes, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. Embase, Medline, and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies. Using a random-effects meta-analysis, the summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated. Bayesian meta-analysis was also performed. Eight studies (6 cohort and 2 cross-sectional) with 158,576 participants were finally included. The summary unadjusted RR for type 2 diabetes associated with residential proximity to major roadways was 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.44,p= 0.001, I² = 48.1%). The summary adjusted RR of type 2 diabetes associated with residential proximity to major roadways was 1.12 (95% CI: 1.03-1.22,p= 0.01, I² = 17.9%). After excluding two cross-sectional studies, the summary results suggested that residential proximity to major roadways could increase type 2 diabetes risk (Adjusted RR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02-1.27,p= 0.025, I² = 36.6%). Bayesian meta-analysis showed that the unadjusted RR and adjusted RR of type 2 diabetes associated with residential proximity to major roadways were 1.22 (95% credibility interval: 1.06-1.55) and 1.13 (95% credibility interval: 1.01-1.31), respectively. The meta-analysis suggested that residential proximity to major roadways could significantly increase risk of type 2 diabetes, and it is an independent risk factor of type 2 diabetes. More well-designed studies are needed to further strengthen the evidence.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Maternal and Children Health's Hospital of Tangshan, Tangshan 063000, China. zystsfy@yeah.net.|Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China. zystsfy@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Zhiqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Services, The Eighth Hospital of PLA, Shigatse 857000, China. hongyandl@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Faying
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China. bennettzhwang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bennett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden. caoyhsw@126.com.
authors.forename: Yihai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China. houxqdfy@163.com.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China. nlwang@126.com.
authors.forename: Yangang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
keywords: meta-analysis; residential proximity to major roadways; type 2 diabetes