title: [Urothelial tumors in children].
abstract: Urothelial tumors are very rare in children (to date, only about 150 cases have been reported worlwide). Only 20% occur before the age of ten. The aim of this study is to specify the clinicopathologic features of urothelial tumor in young patients, which require a slightly different approach to treatment. On the basis of the WHO/ISUP (World Health Organisation/International Society of Urological Pathology) consensus classification report, these lesions are usually low-grade lesions, non invasive, and rarely recurrent. The sex ratio is three boys to one girl. These tumors are located preferentially in the low urinary tract, especially in the bladder. The main symptom is the macroscopic hematuria, which requires ultrasound examination in all cases. Cystoscopy is indicated in case of lesion of the bladder wall, or in case of persistent or recurrent hematuria, to obtain definitive diagnosis and biopsies. The tumors are mainly located on the posterior or lateral bladder wall above the trigone or near the ureteral orifices. Treatment is based on the transurethral resection of the lesion. The subsequent monitoring is sparsely codified, due to the exceptional occurrence of these tumors in the paediatric age group. These patients are likely to have better outcome than older patients, but it is due to the predominance of noninvasive papillary urothelial tumors. Tumor recurrences are not uncommon. In case of invasive, high-grade urothelial carcinomas, metastases or even lethal outcome may occur in rare cases.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Robert-Debré, service de chirurgie viscérale et urologique, 48, boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France. Electronic address: christine.grapin@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grapin-Dagorno
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Robert-Debré, service de chirurgie viscérale et urologique, 48, boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peycelon
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Robert-Debré, service de chirurgie viscérale et urologique, 48, boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Philippe-Chomette
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Robert-Debré, service d'anatomopathologie, 48, boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berrebi
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Robert-Debré, service de chirurgie viscérale et urologique, 48, boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Alaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El Ghoneimi
authors.affiliation: Institut Curie, service d'oncopédiatrie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Orbach
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D003558:Cystoscopy; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Bladder; Children; Enfants; Hematuria; Hématurie; Tumeurs urothéliales; Urothelial tumors; Vessie