title: Neonatal Bacterial Conjunctivitis in Korea in the 21st Century.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the microbial cause and antibiotic susceptibility of neonatal bacterial conjunctivitis in Korean patients in the 21st century.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with neonatal bacterial conjunctivitis between January 2000 and December 2015. We recorded the organism, antibiotic susceptibility, and antibiotics used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 82 neonates were included in the study (53 males and 29 females), with a mean age of 17.5 ± 7.1 days. The most commonly isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (43 cases, 52.4%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (11 cases, 13.4%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (11 cases, 13.4%), Serratia marcescens (4 cases, 4.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4 cases, 4.9%), and Enterobacter cloacae (3 cases, 3.7%). We found no cases of Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Resistance to methicillin (83.7%), macrolide (81.4%), and aminoglycoside (23.3%) was observed in patients with S. aureus infection. Conjunctivitis that did not improve with erythromycin or tobramycin generally improved with the additional use of tosufloxacin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of neonatal gonococcal or chlamydial conjunctivitis has decreased in the 21st century. However, methicillin-resistant S. aureus has been increasing, but these cases are responsive to tosufloxacin.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Korea; †Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea; and ‡Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Kang Yeun
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: Sung Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060085:Coinfection; D003234:Conjunctivitis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents