title: INSIGHT responsive parenting intervention is associated with healthier patterns of dietary exposures in infants.
abstract: To determine whether a responsive parenting (RP) intervention affects infant dietary patterns.
  
  
  
  Primiparous mother-newborn dyads (n = 291) were randomized to the Intervention Nurses Start Infants Growing on Healthy Trajectories (INSIGHT) RP intervention or control. Curricula were delivered at nurse home visits at ages 3, 16, 28, and 40 weeks. RP group feeding guidance advised responsive feeding, delayed introduction of solids, repeated exposure to novel foods, and age-appropriate portion sizes. Latent class analysis identified patterns of dietary exposure at 9 months. Class membership at 9 months was used to predict BMI percentile at 2 years.
  
  
  
  Five dietary patterns were identified: "Breastfed, Fruits and Vegetables," "Breastfed, Low Variety," "Formula, Fruits and Vegetables," "Formula, Low Variety," and "Formula, High Energy Density." Over 60% of infants had patterns low in fruits and vegetables or high in energy-dense foods. RP group infants were less likely than control to be in the "Formula, Low Variety" class (OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.23-0.71) or "Formula, High Energy Density" class (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.12-0.61) relative to the "Formula, Fruits and Vegetables" class. Dietary pattern at 9 months was significantly associated with BMI percentile at 2 years.
  
  
  
  While a majority of infants consumed diets low in fruits and vegetables, the INSIGHT RP intervention was associated with healthier dietary patterns.
authors.affiliation: Center for Childhood Obesity Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Emily E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Hohman
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics and Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Leann L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Birch
authors.affiliation: Center for Childhood Obesity Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.|Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Savage
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001942:Breast Feeding; D000072001:Diet, Healthy; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult