title: Effect of Entodinium caudatum on starch intake and glycogen formation by Eudiplodinium maggii in the rumen and reticulum.
abstract: This study aimed to quantify the engulfed starch and reserve α-glucans (glycogen) in the cells of the ciliates Eudiplodinium maggii, as well the α-glucans in defaunated and selectively faunated sheep. The content of starch inside the cell of ciliates varied from 21 to 183mg/g protozoal DM relative to the rumen fauna composition whereas, the glycogen fluctuated between 17 and 126mg/g dry matter (DM) of this ciliate species. Establishment of the population Entodinium caudatum in the rumen of sheep already faunated with E. maggii caused a drop in both types of quantified carbohydrates. The content of α-glucans in the rumen of defaunated sheep varied from 4.4 to 19.9mg/g DM and increased to 7.4-29.9 or 11.8-33.9mg/g DM of rumen contents in the presence of only E. maggii or E. maggii and E. caudatum, respectively. The lowest content of the carbohydrates was always found just before feeding and the highest at 4h thereafter. The α-glucans in the reticulum varied 7.5-40.1, 14.3-76.8 or 21.9-106.1mg/g DM of reticulum content for defaunated, monofaunated or bifaunated sheep, respectively. The results indicated that both ciliate species engulf starch granules and convert the digestion products to the glycogen, diminishing the pool of starch available for amylolytic bacteria.
authors.affiliation: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka Street 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland. Electronic address: g.belzecki@ifzz.pl.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bełżecki
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA Wales, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Neil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: McEwan
authors.affiliation: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka Street 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kowalik
authors.affiliation: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka Street 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Michałowski
authors.affiliation: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka Street 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miltko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D016798:Ciliophora / Q000378:metabolism*; D005766:Gastrointestinal Contents / Q000469:parasitology; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012159:Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D012756:Sheep; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013213:Starch; D006003:Glycogen
keywords: Engulfment; Glycogen; Rumen protozoa; Starch; α-Glucans