title: Cost Savings and Patient Experiences of a Clinic-Based, Wide-Awake Hand Surgery Program at a Military Medical Center: A Critical Analysis of the First 100 Procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Wide-awake, local anesthesia, no tourniquet (WALANT) hand surgery was developed to improve access to hand surgery care while optimizing medical resources. Hand surgery in the clinic setting may result in substantial cost savings for the United States Military Health Care System (MHS) and provide a safe alternative to performing similar procedures in the operating room.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study was performed on the first 100 consecutive clinic-based WALANT hand surgery procedures performed at a military medical center from January 2014 to September 2015 by a single hand surgeon. Cost savings analysis was performed by using the Medical Expense and Performance Reporting System, the standard cost accounting system for the MHS, to compare procedures performed in the clinic versus the operating room during the study period. A study specific questionnaire was obtained for 66 procedures to evaluate the patient's experience.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For carpal tunnel release (n = 34) and A1 pulley release (n = 33), there were 85% and 70% cost savings by having the procedures performed in clinic under WALANT compared with the main operating room, respectively. During the study period, carpal tunnel release, A1 pulley release, and de Quervain release performed in the clinic instead of the operating room amounted to $393,100 in cost savings for the MHS. There were no adverse events during the WALANT procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A clinic-based WALANT hand surgery program at a military medical center results in considerable cost savings for the MHS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Economic/Decision Analysis IV.
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Ha
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.forename: Anthony E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D002349:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Q000191:economics / Q000601:surgery; D017046:Cost Savings / Q000191:economics*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery*; D006772:Hospitals, Military; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000191:economics*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014111:Tourniquets; D014851:Wakefulness
keywords: WALANT; Wide-awake hand surgery; carpal tunnel release; clinic-based hand surgery; trigger finger release