title: Polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorate aging via redox-telomere-antioncogene axis.
abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), a group of nourishing and health-promoting nutrients, ameliorate age-related chronic diseases. However, how PUFA especially n-3 PUFA exert anti-aging functions remains poorly understood. Here we link fish oil, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) to the aging etiology via a redox-telomere-antioncogene axis based on D-galactose-induced aging mice. Both fish oil and PUFA enhanced hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities and cardiac SOD activities within the range of 18%-46%, 26%-65% and 19%-58%, respectively, whereas reduced cerebral monoamine oxidase activity, plasma F2-isoprostane level and cerebral lipid peroxidation level by 56%-90%, 20%-79% and 16%-54%, respectively. Thus, PUFA improve the in vivo redox and oxidative stress induced aging process, which however does not exhibit a dose-dependent manner. Notably, both PUFA and fish oil effectively inactivated testicular telomerase and inhibited c-Myc-mediated telomerase reverse transcriptase expression, whereas n-3 PUFA rather than n-6 PUFA protected liver and testes against telomere shortening within the range of 13%-25% and 25%-27%, respectively. Therefore, n-3 PUFA may be better at inhibiting the DNA damage induced aging process. Surprisingly, only DHA significantly suppressed cellular senescence pathway evidenced by testicular antioncogene p16 and p53 expression. This work provides evident support for the crosstalk between PUFA especially n-3 PUFA and the aging process via maintaining the in vivo redox homeostasis, rescuing age-related telomere attrition and down-regulating the antioncogene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jingnan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D019942:Genes, p16; D016158:Genes, p53; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016615:Telomere / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059505:Telomere Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D059506:Telomere Shortening / Q000187:drug effects*; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C489428:Myc protein, mouse; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019098:Telomerase; C509187:Tert protein, mouse
keywords: Gerotarget; anti-aging; antioncogene; polyunsaturated fatty acids; redox; telomere protection