title: Emerging role of intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites in metabolic control.
abstract: The role of the intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites in the maintenance of host health and development of metabolic disease has gained significant attention over the past decade. Mechanistic insight revealing causality, however, is scarce. Work by Ussar and co-workers demonstrates that a complex interaction between microbiota, host genetics and environmental factors is involved in metabolic disease development in mice. In addition, Perry and co-workers show that the microbial metabolite acetate augments insulin resistance in rats. These studies underscore an important role of the microbiota in the development of obesity and symptoms of type 2 diabetes in rodents. If causality can be demonstrated in humans, development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools that target the gut microbiota will have high potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1055 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. h.j.herrema@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Herrema
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: IJzerman
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1055 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Internal Medicine, Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nieuwdorp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D064307:Microbiota / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Gut microbiota; Insulin resistance; Obesity; Short-chain fatty acids; Type 2 diabetes