title: Fatty Acids in Membranes as Homeostatic, Metabolic and Nutritional Biomarkers: Recent Advancements in Analytics and Diagnostics.
abstract: Fatty acids, as structural components of membranes and inflammation/anti-inflammatory mediators, have well-known protective and regulatory effects. They are studied as biomarkers of pathological conditions, as well as saturated and unsaturated hydrophobic moieties in membrane phospholipids that contribute to homeostasis and physiological functions. Lifestyle, nutrition, metabolism and stress-with an excess of radical and oxidative processes-cause fatty acid changes that are examined in the human body using blood lipids. Fatty acid-based membrane lipidomics represents a powerful diagnostic tool for assessing the quantity and quality of fatty acid constituents and also for the follow-up of the membrane fatty acid remodeling that is associated with different physiological and pathological conditions. This review focuses on fatty acid biomarkers with two examples of recent lipidomic research and health applications: (i) monounsaturated fatty acids and the analytical challenge offered by hexadecenoic fatty acids (C16:1); and (ii) the cohort of 10 fatty acids in phospholipids of red blood cell membranes and its connections to metabolic and nutritional status in healthy and diseased subjects.
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. carla.ferreri@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferreri
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. annalisa.masi@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masi
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. anna.sansone@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sansone
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. giorgia.giacometti@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giacometti
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. annavita.larocca@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Anna Vita
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Larocca
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. georgia.menounou@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Menounou
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. roberta.scanferlato@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scanferlato
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. silvia.tortorella@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tortorella
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. rotadomenico@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rota
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. conti.marco89@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.affiliation: Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy. deplano@lipinutragen.it.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deplano
authors.affiliation: Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy. maria.louka@lipinutragen.it.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Louka
authors.affiliation: Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy. maranini@lipinutragen.it.
authors.forename: Anna Rosaria
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Maranini
authors.affiliation: Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy. salati@lipinutragen.it.
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salati
authors.affiliation: Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy. sunda@lipinutragen.it.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sunda
authors.affiliation: ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy. chrys@isof.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Chryssostomos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chatgilialoglu
keywords: fatty acid balance; gas chromatographic resolution; geometrical and positional isomers; membrane fatty acid biomarker; membrane lipidomics; palmitoleic acid; red blood cell membrane; sapienic acid