title: Insights into the Key Compounds of Durian (Durio zibethinus L. 'Monthong') Pulp Odor by Odorant Quantitation and Aroma Simulation Experiments.
abstract: Sixteen compounds, previously identified as potent odorants by application of an aroma extract dilution analysis and the gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of static headspace samples, were quantitated in the pulp of durians, variety Monthong, and odor activity values (OAVs) were calculated by dividing the concentrations obtained by the odor thresholds of the compounds in water. In combination with data recently reported for hydrogen sulfide and short-chain alkanethiols, OAVs > 1 were obtained for 19 compounds, among which ethyl (2S)-2-methylbutanoate (fruity; OAV 1700000), ethanethiol (rotten onion; OAV 480000), and 1-(ethylsulfanyl)ethane-1-thiol (roasted onion; OAV 250000) were the most potent, followed by methanethiol (rotten, cabbage; OAV 45000), ethane-1,1-dithiol (sulfury, durian; OAV 23000), and ethyl 2-methylpropanoate (fruity; OAV 22000). Aroma simulation and omission experiments revealed that the overall odor of durian pulp could be mimicked by only two compounds, namely, ethyl (2S)-2-methylbutanoate and 1-(ethylsulfanyl)ethane-1-thiol, when combined in their natural concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie (German Research Center for Food Chemistry) , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Jia-Xiao
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie (German Research Center for Food Chemistry) , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schieberle
authors.affiliation: Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie (German Research Center for Food Chemistry) , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-1474
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steinhaus
mesh_terms: D035161:Bombacaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D064367:Olfactometry; D012903:Smell; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
keywords: 1-(ethylsulfanyl)ethane-1-thiol; Durio zibethinus; SIDA; dithiohemiacetal; durian; ethyl (2S)-2-methylbutanoate; omission test; stable isotope dilution assay