title: Association between Nutritional Status with Spontaneous Abortion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spontaneous abortion is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome. We aimed to investigate a possible link between nutrient deficiencies and the risk of spontaneous abortion.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study included the case group (n=331) experiencing a spontaneous abortion before 14 weeks of pregnancy and the control group (n=331) who were healthy pregnant women over 14 weeks of pregnancy. The participants filled out Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), in which they reported their frequency of consumption for a given serving of each food item during the past three months, on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. The reported frequency for each food item was converted to a daily intake. Then, consumption of nutrients was compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There are significant differences between the two groups regarding consumed servings/day of vegetables, bread and cereal, meat, poultry, fish, eggs, beans, fats, oils and dairy products (P=0.012, P<0.001, P=0.004, P<0.001, P=0.019, respectively). There are significant differences between the two groups in all micronutrient including folic acid, iron, vitamin C, vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and zinc (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor nutrientions may be correlated with increased risk of spontaneous abortion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Rahimeh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ziaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sosan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parsay
keywords: Abortion; Nutrition; Pregnancy