title: An Outbreak of Kingella Kingae Infections Complicating a Severe Hand, Foot, And Mouth Disease Outbreak in Nice, France, 2016.
abstract: We report the investigation methods for the diagnosis of an epidemic and culture-negative Kingella kingae endocarditis complicating a severe outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease in a childcare center. The diagnosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction testing performed from cardiac tissue. Our findings argue for the systematic investigation of K. kingae outbreaks by using molecular tools in such context.
authors.affiliation: From the *URMITE " Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes", UM63, Inserm 1095, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; †Childcare Centers, Nice, France; ‡Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Enterovirus et Parechovirus-laboratoire associé, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; §Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Children's Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; ¶Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, North Hospital, Marseille, France; ‖Department of Pediatrics, Foundation Lenval Children's Hospital, Nice, France; **Laboratory of Foundation Lenval Children's Hospital, Nice, France; and ††IRD French Institute of Research and Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales," Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Nawal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: El Houmami
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cointat
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirand
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fouilloux
authors.forename: Janek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bzdrenga
authors.forename: Sofiane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bakour
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minodier
authors.forename: Marie-Amélie
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Anave-Frapech
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Charrel
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raoult
authors.forename: Pierre-Edouard
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Fournier
mesh_terms: D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D017882:Kingella kingae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D016870:Neisseriaceae Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction