title: Multi-modal automatic montaging of adaptive optics retinal images.
abstract: We present a fully automated adaptive optics (AO) retinal image montaging algorithm using classic scale invariant feature transform with random sample consensus for outlier removal. Our approach is capable of using information from multiple AO modalities (confocal, split detection, and dark field) and can accurately detect discontinuities in the montage. The algorithm output is compared to manual montaging by evaluating the similarity of the overlapping regions after montaging, and calculating the detection rate of discontinuities in the montage. Our results show that the proposed algorithm has high alignment accuracy and a discontinuity detection rate that is comparable (and often superior) to manual montaging. In addition, we analyze and show the benefits of using multiple modalities in the montaging process. We provide the algorithm presented in this paper as open-source and freely available to download.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; minchen1@upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Grace K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Brainard
authors.affiliation: Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica I W
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Morgan
keywords: (100.0100) Image processing; (110.1080) Active or adaptive optics; (170.4470) Ophthalmology