title: Metalloporphyrin-Encapsulated Biodegradable Nanosystems for Highly Efficient Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy.
abstract: Traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT) suffers from the critical issues of low tissue-penetrating depth of light and potential phototoxicity, which are expected to be solved by developing new dynamic therapy-based therapeutic modalities such as sonodynamic therapy (SDT). In this work, we report on the design/fabrication of a high-performance multifunctional nanoparticulate sonosensitizer for efficient in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided SDT against cancer. The developed approach takes the structural and compositional features of mesoporous organosilica-based nanosystems for the fabrication of sonosensitizers with intriguing theranostic performance. The well-defined mesoporosity facilitates the high loading of organic sonosensitizers (protoporphyrin, PpIX) and further chelating of paramagnetic transitional metal Mn ions based on metalloporphyrin chemistry (MnPpIX). The mesoporous structure of large surface area also maximizes the accessibility of water molecules to the encapsulated paramagnetic Mn ions, endowing the composite sonosensitizers with markedly high MRI performance (r1= 9.43 mM-1s-2) for SDT guidance and monitoring. Importantly, the developed multifunctional sonosensitizers (HMONs-MnPpIX-PEG) with controllable biodegradation behavior and high biocompatibility show distinctively high SDT efficiency for inducing the cancer-cell death in vitro and suppressing the tumor growth in vivo. This report provides a paradigm that nanotechnology-enhanced SDT based on elaborately designed high-performance multifunctional sonosensitizers will pave a new way for efficient cancer treatment by fully taking the advantages (noninvasiveness, convenience, cost-effectiveness, etc.) of ultrasound therapy and quickly developing nanomedicine.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , Shanghai 200093, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212002, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8206-3325
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Luodan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , Shanghai 200093, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yufang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jianlin
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8790-195X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008665:Metalloporphyrins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008819:Mice, Nude; D015394:Molecular Structure; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008665:Metalloporphyrins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents