title: Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Carnosol (Phenolic Diterpene in Rosemary) in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.
abstract: Carnosol (CS) is an ortho-diphenolic diterpene in rosemary with great antioxidant potential. This study was designed to investigate the hypolipidemic, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic activities of CS.
  
  
  
  In our experiment, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, three CS (1, 5, 10 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. On the first day of the study, the diabetic groups were given streptozotocin (STZ) in a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection at a dose of 60 mg/kg for induction of diabetes. CS was injected (i.p.) to the treatment groups from 3 days after STZ administration during a period of 4 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, we assessed the serum levels of glucose, IL-6, TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione-s transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C).
  
  
  
  The results indicated that STZ caused an elevation of serum glucose, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C, and it also made a reduction of serum GST, SOD, CAT, and HDL-C (p<0.001). The findings showed amelioration in the serum glucose, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C, GST, SOD, CAT, and HDL-C in the CS-treated diabetic groups versus the untreated group, in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.001).
  
  
  
  In conclusion, the present investigation proposes that CS may be improved diabetes and its complications by modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur. Iran.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samarghandian
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur. Iran.
authors.forename: Abasalt
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borji
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunogenetics, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad. Iran.
authors.forename: Tahere
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Farkhondeh
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027542:Rosmarinus
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C068623:carnosol
keywords: Carnosol; diabetes; inflammation; oxidative indices; rat; streptozotocin