title: Sediment record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Liaohe River Delta wetland, Northeast China: Implications for regional population migration and economic development.
abstract: The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of a210Pb-dated sediment core extracted from the Liaohe River Delta wetland were measured to reconstruct the sediment record of PAHs and its response to human activity for the past 300 years in Northeast China. The concentrations of the 16 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency priority PAHs (∑16PAHs) ranged from 46 to 1167 ng g-1in this sediment core. The concentrations of the 16 PAHs (especially 4- and 5+6-ring PAHs) after the 1980s (surface sediments 0-6 cm) were one or two orders of magnitudes higher than those of the down-core samples. The exponential growth of 4-ring and 5+6-ring PAH concentrations after the 1980s responded well to the increased energy consumption and number of civil vehicles resulting from the rapid economic development in China. Prior to 1950, relatively low levels of the 16 PAHs and a high proportion of 2+3-ring PAHs was indicative of biomass burning as the main source of the PAHs. A significant increase in the 2 + 3 ring PAH concentration from the 1860s-1920s was observed and could be attributed to a constant influx of population migration into Northeast China. It was suggested that the link between historical trend of PAHs and population or energy use involves two different economic stages. Typically, in an agricultural economy, the greater the population size, the greater the emission of PAHs from biomass burning, while in an industrial economy, the increase in sedimentary PAH concentrations is closely related to increasing energy consumption of fossil fuels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Chuanliang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biogeosciences, China Geologic Survey, Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors.forename: Siyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biogeosciences, China Geologic Survey, Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors.forename: Xigui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: guozgg@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D057217:Economic Development / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D063426:Human Migration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D000067896:Industrial Development / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Energy consumption; North China; PAHs; Population migration; Sediment record