title: Exploring poisonous mechanism of honeybee, Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola, caused by pyrethroids.
abstract: As the important intracellular secondary messengers, calcium channel is the target of many neurotoxic pesticides as calcium homeostasis in the neuroplasm play important role in neuronal functions and behavior in insects. This study investigated the effect of deltamethrin (DM) on calcium channel in the brain nerve cells of adult workers of Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola that were cultured in vitro. The results showed that the intracellular calcium concentration was significantly elevated even with a very low concentration of the DM (3.125×10-2mg/L). Further testing revealed that T-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), except for sodium channels, was one of the target of DM on toxicity of Apis mellifera, while DM has no significant effect on the L-type VGCCs, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-gated calcium channels and calcium store. These results suggesting that the DM may act on T-type VGCCs in brain cells of honeybees and result in behavioral abnormalities including swarming, feeding, learning, and acquisition.
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Institute of Apicultural Research, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China. Electronic address: beeprotect@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Apicultural Research, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China. Electronic address: dqyun1@126.com.
authors.forename: Qingyun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Apicultural Research, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China. Electronic address: dplapis@126.com.
authors.forename: Pingli
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Apicultural Research, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China. Electronic address: chuyanna@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Yanna
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Apicultural Research, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China. Electronic address: wuyanyan101@yahoo.cn.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Apicultural Research, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China. Electronic address: ztapis@263.net.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China. Electronic address: caiqn@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qingnian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000166:cytology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020747:Calcium Channels, T-Type / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009570:Nitriles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D020747:Calcium Channels, T-Type; D019476:Insect Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Apis mellifera ligustica; Brain nerve cell; Calcium channel; Deltamethrin; Free calcium ion