title: Enzymatic activity of fungi isolated from crops.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect and assess the activity of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and to find differences in enzymograms between fungi isolated from wheat and rye samples and grown on Czapek-Dox Broth and Sabouraud Dextrose Broth enriched with cereal (wheat or rye). Isolated strains were also classified in the scale of biosafety levels (BSL).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used 23 strains of fungi cultured from samples of wheat and rye (grain, grain dust obtained during threshing and soil) collected in the Lublin region (eastern Poland). API ZYM test (bioMérieux) was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. Classification of BSL (Biosafety levels) was based on the current literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High enzymatic activity was found in strains cultured in media containing 1% of wheat grain (Bipolaris holmi, Penicillium decumbens) and with an addition of 1% of rye grain (Cladosporium herbarum, Aspergillus versicolor, Alternaria alternata). The total number of enzymes varied depending on the type of media, and in most cases it was higher in the culture where an addition of cereal grains was used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated strains of fungi reveal differences in the profiles of the enzyme assay. It can be assumed that the substrate enriched in grains stimulate the higher activity of mold enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Department of Public Health, Regional Center Research of Environment, Agriculture and Innovative Technology EKO-AGRO-TECH, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education, Biala Podlaska, Poland.
authors.forename: Wioletta A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Żukiewicz-Sobczak
authors.affiliation: Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cholewa
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sobczak
authors.affiliation: Greater Poland Allergy and Dermatology Center "Art Clinic", Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Silny
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nadulski
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; State Higher School of Vocational Education, Kalisz, Poland.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wojtyła-Buciora
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Department of Public Health, Regional Center Research of Environment, Agriculture and Innovative Technology EKO-AGRO-TECH, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education, Biala Podlaska, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zagórski
keywords: biohazards; enzymatic activity; mold fungi; zymogram