title: Pelvic organ prolapse: prevalence and risk factors in a Brazilian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a prevalent condition among Brazilians, population-based epidemiological studies of POP are scarce. We studied POP in a population of women undergoing routine examination to determine its prevalence, distribution and relationship to risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This quantitative descriptive study surveyed 432 women, based on prolapse prevalence, who sought routine care and were assessed for prolapse staging using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system (POP-Q). Demographics, health history, socioeconomic data, symptoms and risk factors for prolapse were self-reported by the participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 226 (52.3%) of the examined women had POP. The prevalences of POP in relation to stage were as follows: stage 1 (27.8%), stage 2 (23.1%), and stage 3 (1.4%). Regarding risk factors, a history of vaginal delivery (odds ratio, OR, 6.678, 95% confidence interval, CI, 4.16-10.73), delivery of a newborn heavier than 4 kg (OR 2.056, 95% CI 1.19-3.56) and menopausal status (OR 2.793, 95% CI 1.66-4.70) were all associated with a higher risk of prolapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that a majority of the population sample exhibited some degree of prolapse, suggesting that POP deserves substantial clinical attention. The risk factors identified suggest that eventual prolapse may be unavoidable in some women. Public policies should be implemented with respect to modifiable risk factors and antenatal care.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduation program in Health and Environment, University of the Region of Joinville (Univille), Joinville, Brazil. wagner.horst@gmail.com.|, Rua Barão do Rio Branco, 207 sala 7, Jaraguá do Sul, Brazil, 89251-400. wagner.horst@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2141-4029
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Horst
authors.affiliation: Postgraduation program in Health and Environment, University of the Region of Joinville (Univille), Joinville, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Barros
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: do Valle
authors.affiliation: Postgraduation program in Health and Environment, University of the Region of Joinville (Univille), Joinville, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jean Carl
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Postgraduation program in Health and Environment, University of the Region of Joinville (Univille), Joinville, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carmem Luíza Lucht
authors.initials: CLL
authors.lastname: Gascho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Epidemiology; POP-Q; Pelvic organ prolapse; Prevalence; Risk factors