title: The effect of polydeoxyribonucleotide prolotherapy on posterior tibial tendon dysfunction after ankle syndesmotic surgery: A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ankle syndesmotic injuries occasionally require long-term therapy for recovery and can result in tendon injury. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is an acquired deformity that can cause flatfoot deformity. The current nonoperative management of PTTD includes nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), orthopedic devices. Although various treatment options have been attempted, optimal treatments for each stage of the condition are debated. Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is effective in healing of chronic wounds associated with tissue damage by attracting tissue growth factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 67-year-old woman who presented at our pain clinic with pain on the inside of ankle. She had a syndesmotic screw fixation 3 years prior. Her ankle pain had persisted after the removal of screws and edema for about 1 month resulting from long-term NSAIDs administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  The origin of the pain was possibly tibialis posterior muscle and posterior tibial tendon and she was diagnosed as PTTD after syndesmosis surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sono guided prolotherapy with PDRN was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient showed improvement in the arch of the foot, experienced pain relief, and was able to wear regular shoes without any orthopedic device.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case report highlights that PDRN prolotherapy is a safe and efficient therapeutic option for the treatment of PTTD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Myongji Hospital, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Goyang Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Institute for Integrative medicine, Catholic Kwandong University of Korea College of Medicine, International ST. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Ha
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Hyung Rae
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Keum Nae
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Chang Joon
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rhyu
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chon
authors.forename: Young Su
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Jee In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Jung-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young Uk
authors.initials: YU
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D059408:Pain Management; D011089:Polydeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D037081:Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D011089:Polydeoxyribonucleotides