title: In vitro Anti-Thrombotic Activity of Extracts from Blacklip Abalone (Haliotis rubra) Processing Waste.
abstract: Waste generated from the processing of marine organisms for food represents an underutilized resource that has the potential to provide bioactive molecules with pharmaceutical applications. Some of these molecules have known anti-thrombotic and anti-coagulant activities and are being investigated as alternatives to common anti-thrombotic drugs, like heparin and warfarin that have serious side effects. In the current study, extracts prepared from blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) processing waste, using food grade enzymes papain and bromelain, were found to contain sulphated polysaccharide with anti-thrombotic activity. Extracts were found to be enriched with sulphated polysaccharides and assessed for anti-thrombotic activityin vitrothrough heparin cofactor-II (HCII)-mediated inhibition of thrombin. More than 60% thrombin inhibition was observed in response to 100 μg/mL sulphated polysaccharides. Anti-thrombotic potential was further assessed as anti-coagulant activity in plasma and blood, using prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thromboelastography (TEG). All abalone extracts had significant activity compared with saline control. Anion exchange chromatography was used to separate extracts into fractions with enhanced anti-thrombotic activity, improving HCII-mediated thrombin inhibition, PT and aPTT almost 2-fold. Overall this study identifies an alternative source of anti-thrombotic molecules that can be easily processed offering alternatives to current anti-thrombotic agents like heparin.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia. hafiz.suleria@uqconnect.edu.au.|CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia 4067, Australia. hafiz.suleria@uqconnect.edu.au.
authors.forename: Hafiz Ansar Rasul
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Suleria
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia 4067, Australia. barney.hines@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Barney M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hines
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia 4067, Australia. rama.addepalli@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Rama
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Addepalli
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia 4067, Australia. wei.chen@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia. p.masci@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Masci
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia. g.gobe@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Glenda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gobe
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia 4067, Australia. simone.osborne@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Simone A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Osborne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000737:chemistry*; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests / Q000379:methods; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000737:chemistry*; D015844:Heparin Cofactor II / Q000494:pharmacology; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time / Q000379:methods; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011517:Prothrombin Time / Q000379:methods; D013917:Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides; D015844:Heparin Cofactor II; D013917:Thrombin
keywords: anti-thrombotic activity; bioactive molecules; blacklip abalone; processing waste