title: Apoptosis inducing factor gene depletion inhibits zearalenone-induced cell death in a goat Leydig cell line.
abstract: Zearalenone (ZEA) is a contaminant of human food and animal feedstuffs that causes health hazards. However, the signal pathways underlying ZEA toxicity remain elusive. The aims of this study were to determine which pathways are involved in ZEA-induced cell death and investigate the effect of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) on cell death during ZEA treatment in the immortalized goat Leydig cell line hTERT-GLC. This study showed that ZEA-induced cell death in hTERT-GLCs works via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the caspase-dependent pathway, the caspase-independent pathway and autophagy. Recombinant lentiviral vectors were constructed to silence AIF expression in hTERT-GLCs. Flow cytometry results showed that knockdown of AIF diminished ZEA-induced cell apoptosis in hTERT-GLCs. Furthermore, we found AIF depletion down-regulated phosphoIRE1α, GRP78, CHOP and promoted the switch of LC3-I to LC3-II. Therefore, ZEA induces cytotoxicity in hTERT-GLCs via different pathways, while AIF-mediated signaling plays a critical role in ZEA-induced cell death in hTERT-GLCs.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Diqi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Huatao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Keqiong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,712100, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: yapingjin@163.com.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005506:Food Contamination; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006041:Goats; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; C000717247:HSPA5 protein, human; D015025:Zearalenone
keywords: Apoptosis inducing factor; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Goat; Zearalenone