title: Guideline for Reporting Interventions on Spinal Manipulative Therapy: Consensus on Interventions Reporting Criteria List for Spinal Manipulative Therapy (CIRCLe SMT).
abstract: The aim of the Consensus on Interventions Reporting Criteria List for Spinal Manipulative Therapy (CIRCLe SMT) study was to develop a criteria list for reporting spinal manipulative therapy (SMT).
  
  
  
  A Delphi procedure was conducted from September 2011 to April 2013 and consisted of international experts in the field of SMT. The authors formed a steering committee and invited participants, selected initial items, structured the comments of the participants after each Delphi round, and formulated the feedback. To ensure content validity, a large number of international experts from different SMT-related disciplines were invited to participate. A workshop was organized following the consensus phase, and it was used to discuss and refine the wording of the items.
  
  
  
  In total, 123 experts from 18 countries participated. These experts included clinicians (70%), researchers (93%), and academics working in the area of SMT (27%), as well as journal editors (14%). (Note: The total is more than 100% because most participants reported 2 jobs.) Three Delphi rounds were necessary to reach a consensus. The criteria list comprised 24 items under 5 domains, including (1) rationale of the therapy, (2) description of the intervention, (3) SMT techniques, (4) additional intervention/techniques, and (5) quantitative data.
  
  
  
  A valid criteria list was constructed with the aim of promoting consistency in reporting SMT intervention in scientific publications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences & EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Avansplus, University for Applied Sciences, Breda, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Scientific Institute for Quality of Health Care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.groeneweg@vu.nl.
authors.forename: Ruud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Groeneweg
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sidney M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Scientific Institute for Quality of Health Care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Manual Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Rob A B
authors.initials: RAB
authors.lastname: Oostendorp
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences & EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics & EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Raymond W J G
authors.initials: RWJG
authors.lastname: Ostelo
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences & EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics & EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maurits W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: van Tulder
mesh_terms: D003697:Delphi Technique; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D020393:Manipulation, Spinal / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards*
keywords: Manipulation, Spinal; Publications; Randomized Controlled Trials