title: Age-related differences in inhibitory control and memory updating in boys with Asperger syndrome.
abstract: Deficits in specific executive domains are highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorder; however, age-related improvements in executive functions (reflecting prefrontal maturational changes) have been reported even in individuals diagnosed with autism. The current study examined two components of cognitive flexibility (inhibition of prepotent responses and memory monitoring/updating) by using a random-motor-generation task (MPT) in a group of 23 boys with Asperger syndrome (AS) and 23 matched healthy controls. We found poorer inhibition and more repetitive responses in younger AS children solely, but comparable memory monitoring/updating skills across groups. Overall, our findings correspond well with previous studies and reveal that even in AS specific EFs may improve with age and, thus, call for a more differentiated view of executive (dys) function profiles in children diagnosed with AS. Tests such as the random-motor-generation task may help to disentangle more specific processes of executive deficits in autism spectrum disorder as compared to the more classical tests.
authors.affiliation: Biological Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Univ.-Platz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria. e.weiss@uni-graz.at.
authors.forename: Elisabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: Biological Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Univ.-Platz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gschaidbauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy A, General Hospital Hall, Tirol, Austria.
authors.forename: Liane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.affiliation: Biological Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Univ.-Platz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.affiliation: Biological Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Univ.-Platz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schulter
authors.affiliation: Biological Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Univ.-Platz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Erich
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mittenecker
authors.affiliation: Biological Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Univ.-Platz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papousek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging; D020817:Asperger Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Cognitive flexibility; Inhibition; Memory updating; Mittenecker pointing test