title: Multiple roles of nitric oxide in root development and nitrogen uptake.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is widely recognized for its role as a signaling molecule in regulating plant developmental processes. We summarize recent work on NO generation via nitrate reductase (NR) or/and NO synthase (NOS) pathway in response to nutrient fluctuation and its regulation of plant root growth and N metabolism. The promotion or inhibition of root development most likely depends on NO concentrations and/or experimental conditions. NO plays an important role in regulating plant NR activity at posttranslational level probably via a direct interaction mechanism, thus contributing largely to N assimilation. NO also regulates N distribution and uptake in many plant species. In rice cultivar, NR-generated NO plays a pivotal role in improving N uptake capacity by increasing root growth and inorganic N uptake, representing a potential strategy for rice adaption to a fluctuating nitrate supply.
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of The Yangtze River , Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.|b College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou , China.
authors.forename: Huwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of The Yangtze River , Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Jinyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: b College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou , China.
authors.forename: Quanzhi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of The Yangtze River , Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of The Yangtze River , Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D050901:Nitrate Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012275:Oryza / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D050901:Nitrate Reductase; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Nitrate reductase (NR); nitric oxide (NO); nitrogen (N) uptake; root