title: A method to implement the reservoir-wave hypothesis using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: The reservoir-wave hypothesis states that the blood pressure waveform can be usefully divided into a "reservoir pressure" related to the global compliance and resistance of the arterial system, and an "excess pressure" that depends on local conditions. The formulation of the reservoir-wave hypothesis applied to the area waveform is shown, and the analysis is applied to area and velocity data from high-resolution phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. A validation study shows the success of the principle, with the method producing largely robust and physically reasonable parameters, and the linear relationship between flow and wave pressure seen in the traditional pressure formulation is retained. The method was successfully tested on a cohort of 20 subjects (age range: 20-74 years; 17 males). This paper: •Demonstrates the feasibility of deriving reservoir data non-invasively from CMR.•Includes a validation cohort (CMR data).•Suggests clinical applications of the method.
authors.affiliation: CoMPLEX, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Robert D M
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Department, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kim H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Quail
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biglino
keywords: Hemodynamics; Implementation of the reservoir-wave hypothesis using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Reservoir; Ventriculo-arterial coupling; Wave intensity analysis; Windkessel