title: Five-year quality of life assessment after carbon ion radiotherapy for prostate cancer.
abstract: The aim of this study was to prospectively assess 5-year health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients treated with carbon ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) for clinically localized prostate cancer. A total of 417 patients received carbon ion radiotherapy at a total dose of 63-66 Gray-equivalents (GyE) in 20 fractions over 5 weeks, and neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were administered for intermediate and high-risk patients. A HRQOL assessment was performed at five time points (immediately before the initiation of C-ion RT, immediately after, and at 12, 36 and 60 months after completion of C-ion RT) using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) questionnaires. FACT-G and FACT-P scores were significantly decreased; however, the absolute change after 60 months was minimal. The transient decreases in the Trial Outcome Index (TOI) score returned to their baseline levels. Use of ADT, presence of adverse events, and biochemical failure were related to lower scores. Scores of subdomains of FACT instruments indicated characteristic changes. The pattern of HRQOL change after C-ion RT was similar to that of other modalities. Further controlled studies focusing on a HRQOL in patients with prostate cancer are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.|Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuma
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomiya
authors.affiliation: Gunma Heavy-ion Medical Center, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tsukuba Faculty of Medicine, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wakatsuki
authors.affiliation: Japan Community Health Care Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimazaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujii
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D063193:Heavy Ion Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: carbon ion radiotherapy; prospective study; prostate cancer; quality of life