title: Cryopreserved embryo transfer: adjacent or non-adjacent to failed fresh long GnRH-agonist protocol IVF cycle.
abstract: The optimal time to perform cryopreserved embryo transfer (CET) after a failed oocyte retrieval-embryo transfer (OR-ET) cycle is unknown. Similar clinical pregnancy rates were recently reported in immediate and delayed CET, performed after failed fresh OR-ET, in cycles with the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol. This study compared outcomes of CET performed adjacently (<50 days, n = 67) and non-adjacently (≥50 to 120 days, n = 62) to the last OR-day of cycles with the GnRH agonist down-regulation protocol. Additional inclusion criteria were patients' age 20-38 years, the transfer of only 1-2 cryopreserved embryos, one treatment cycle per patient and artificial preparation for CET. Significantly higher implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were found in the non-adjacent group than in the adjacent group: 30.5% versus 11.3% (P = 0.001), 41.9% versus 17.9% (P = 0.003) and 32.3% versus 13.4% (P = 0.01), respectively. These results support the postponement of CET after a failed OR-ET for at least one menstrual cycle, when a preceding long GnRH-agonist protocol is used.
authors.affiliation: IVF Unit, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Volodarsky-Perel
authors.affiliation: IVF Unit, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Talia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eldar-Geva
authors.affiliation: IVF Unit, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Hananel E G
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Holzer
authors.affiliation: IVF Unit, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Oshrat
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schonberger
authors.affiliation: IVF Unit, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Orna
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Reichman
authors.affiliation: IVF Unit, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address: galm@szmc.org.il.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D050498:Live Birth; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
keywords: Assisted reproduction; Cryopreserved embryo transfer; Embryo cryopreservation; Endometrial receptivity; GnRH agonist; Long protocol