title: Effects of sub-chronic exposure to lead (Pb) and ascorbic acid in juvenile rockfish: Antioxidant responses, MT gene expression, and neurotransmitters.
abstract: Juvenile rockfish Sebastes schlegelii were exposed to varying levels of dietary lead (Pb2+) at 0, 120 and 240 mg/L, and ascorbic acid (AsA) at 100, 200 and 400 mg/L for four weeks. Antioxidant responses such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione (GSH) were analyzed to assess oxidative stress. SOD and GST activity in the liver and gills were considerably elevated by dietary Pb. In contrast, GSH levels in the liver and gills were significantly reduced following Pb exposure. High levels of AsA supplementation attenuated the increase in SOD and GST activity and reduction in GSH levels. The metallothionein gene (MT) in the liver was notably stimulated by Pb exposure, and AsA supplementation attenuated this increase. With respect to neurotoxicity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was substantially inhibited in the brain and muscle following Pb exposure. AsA supplementation also attenuated AChE inhibition following Pb exposure. The results of this study presented Pb exposure affected rockfish as toxicity, and AsA was effective to alleviate toxic effects of Pb.
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jckang@pknu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ju-Chan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001492:Bass / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D029941:Fish Proteins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007854:Lead; D008668:Metallothionein; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Ascorbic acids; Oxidative stress; Pb; Sebastes schlegelii