title: Early repolarization pattern in the general population: Prevalence and associated factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of early repolarization pattern (ERP) in the general rural Chinese population and identify the contributing risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 11,956 permanent residents of Liaoning Province ≥35y of age was conducted between January and August 2013 (response rate 85.3%). ERP was diagnosed if there was J-point elevation of ≥0.1mV in ≥2 leads in the inferior (II, III, aVF) or lateral (I, aVL, V4-6) territory, or both. Risk factors for ERP were evaluated with a stepwise logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of ERP was 1.3%, and it was higher in men than women (2.6 vs. 0.2%, P<0.001), decreasing with increasing age. Percent of ERP positive in lateral leads, inferior, and both was 73.0%, 15.3%, and 11.7%, respectively. Stepwise logistic regression demonstrated that independent clinical factors for ERP included age (odds ratio [OR] 0.68; P<0.001), male sex (OR 17.09; P<0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR 0.77; P=0.022), stroke (OR 0.14; P=0.055), RR interval (OR 1.27; P=0.001), QTc interval (OR 0.76; P=0.008), QRS duration (OR 0.67; P=0.001), Cornell voltage (OR 0.28; P<0.001), and Sokolow-Lyon voltage (OR 2.03; P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the prevalence of ERP in general rural Chinese population is low, younger age, male sex, lower SBP, non-stroke history, longer RR interval, shorter QTc interval, shorter QRS duration, lower Cornell voltage, and higher Sokolow-Lyon voltage are independent risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Zhe
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
authors.forename: Yin-Tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China. Electronic address: yxsun@mail.cmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ying-Xian
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Early repolarization pattern; Electrocardiography; Epidemiology; Risk factors