title: Behavioral Responses of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to Visual Stimuli Under Laboratory, Semifield, and Field Conditions.
abstract: Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive pest in North America and Europe that attacks soft-skinned ripening fruit such as raspberries, blackberries, and blueberries. Little is known regarding the specific cues D. suzukii utilizes to locate and select host fruit, and inconsistencies in trap performance indicate the need for the development of improved monitoring and management techniques for this insect. Our studies focused on identifying attractive visual cues for adult D. suzukii and incorporating these cues into a potential attract-and-kill tactic for D. suzukii management. We evaluated D. suzukii response to color, shape, and size-specific stimuli. For color, we evaluated 10.2-cm-diameter spheres painted black, red, purple, orange, green, yellow, blue, or white. Shape stimuli (254 cm3surface area) included sphere, cube, pyramid, inverted pyramid, vertical or horizontal cylinder and were painted red. Size stimuli included red 2.5-, 10.2-, 15.2-, and 25.4-cm-diameter spheres. Trials were conducted under laboratory, semifield, and field conditions. For color, adults preferred black and red spheres to all other colors evaluated. Among shapes, there was no significant preference. For size, larger spheres captured significantly more D. suzukii compared with a small 2.5-cm-diameter sphere. Determining D. suzukii visual preference will aid in trapping and behaviorally based management programs.
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430-2771 (kevin.rice@ars.usda.gov; brent.short@ars.usda.gov; Sharon.Jones@ars.usda.gov; tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov).
authors.forename: Kevin B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430-2771 (kevin.rice@ars.usda.gov; brent.short@ars.usda.gov; Sharon.Jones@ars.usda.gov; tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov).
authors.forename: Brent D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Short
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430-2771 (kevin.rice@ars.usda.gov; brent.short@ars.usda.gov; Sharon.Jones@ars.usda.gov; tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov).
authors.forename: Sharon K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430-2771 (kevin.rice@ars.usda.gov; brent.short@ars.usda.gov; Sharon.Jones@ars.usda.gov; tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov) tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Tracy C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Leskey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003116:Color; D004330:Drosophila / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D014796:Visual Perception
keywords: invasive; raspberry; spotted-wing drosophila; visual stimuli