title: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is significantly elevated in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Liver cysts are the most common extrarenal manifestation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is generally used as a marker for biliopancreatic malignancies, although CA19-9 levels in patients with ADPKD are largely unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective observational study of 53 ADPKD patients and 83 non-ADPKD control subjects was performed. The serum levels of CA19-9 were studied to evaluate the association with clinical parameters and liver cysts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum CA19-9 levels were significantly higher in the ADPKD group than in the control group (32.9 U/mL vs. 9.8 U/mL, respectively, P < 0.001). The serum CA19-9 levels in the ADPKD group were positively correlated with the mean blood pressure (rho = 0.335, P < 0.05), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GTP) levels (rho = 0.541, P < 0.001), the largest cyst size (rho = 0.536, P < 0.001) and the liver cyst volume (rho = 0.682, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analyses showed that the gamma-GTP levels (P < 0.001) and the liver cyst volumes (P < 0.001) were independent predictors for serum CA19-9 levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum CA19-9 levels are significantly elevated and appear to be dependent on the gamma-GTP levels and the volume of liver cysts in patients with ADPKD. Our findings indicate that the measurement of the baseline CA19-9 level in each patient with ADPKD may be useful for the interpretation of the value and the differential diagnosis of liver diseases, particularly the liver cyst infection.
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukasawa
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.affiliation: The Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Furuya
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003560:Cysts / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D015854:Up-Regulation; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; C554782:gamma-glutamyltransferase, human
keywords: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD); carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9); cyst volume; gamma-glutamyl transferase (GTP); liver cysts