title: Assessment of major and trace element bioavailability in vineyard soil applying different single extraction procedures and pseudo-total digestion.
abstract: A different single extraction procedures (CH3COOH, Na2EDTA, CaCl2, NH4NO3, deionized water), and pseudo-total digestion (aqua regia) were applied to determine major (Al, Fe, K, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si) and trace (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) element bioavailability in a topsoil from the experimental vineyard ("Radmilovac", Belgrade, Serbia). For the first time, the extraction with deionized water during 16 h was tested as an alternative method for isolating bioavailable major and trace elements from the soil. Concentrations of the elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The extraction of Cu and S from the soil by deionized water during 16 h extracting, NH4NO3, and CaCl2indicated that these elements could originate from the anthropogenic sources, such as fungicide. In addition according to the soil - plant experiment, performed as a preliminary experiment for future studies in vineyards, deionized water was recommended for isolation of bioavailable elements from grape seed and grape pulp; CH3COOH, Na2EDTA, CaCl2and NH4NO3for grape skin, while for assessment of leaf bioavailable elements from soil fraction, aqua regia was recommended. In addition, identification of similarities between the plant parts and the plant species were performed. Applying environmental risk assessment formulas, the most polluted vineyard parcel in the vineyard region "Radmilovac" was determined. The leaves of some grapevine species showed the high ability for accumulation some of the potentially toxic trace elements from the soil.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: tijana.milicevic@ipb.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Tijana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Milićević
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12 - 16, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dubravka
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Relić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12 - 16, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Škrivanj
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12 - 16, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Živoslav
authors.initials: Ž
authors.lastname: Tešić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12 - 16, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Popović
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D000072480:Farms; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D055771:Serbia; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: Ecological risk assessment; Grapevine; Pseudo-total digestion; Single extraction; Vineyard soil