title: miR-21, An Oncogenic Target miRNA for Cancer Therapy: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements in Chemo and Radio-resistance.
abstract: In the past decade, miRNAs have been extensively attracted the scientist's attentions as tumor suppressors or oncogenes that have been implicated in tumor progression, metastasis and intrinsic resistance to various cancer therapies. microRNA-21 (miR-21) demonstrates a potential oncogenic function and targets tumor inhibitor proteins in almost all types of cancer. miR-21 overexpression has been studied in terms of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis regulation. Inhibition of miRNA expression using antisense technology by various nanovectors of different sizes, shapes and compositions has been evolved progressively to overcome the barriers confronted by miRNA delivery. Application of miR-21 antisense oligonucleotides for treating cancerous cells has become a promising achievement for cancer therapy. Moreover, miR-21 can mediate resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. The expanding role of miR-21 functions in human cancers with an emphasis on its regulatory targets and mechanisms, miR-21 related achievements against cancer promotion have been discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht. Iran.
authors.forename: Sanaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Javanmardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht. Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Aghamaali
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71345. Iran.
authors.forename: Samira Sadat
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Abolmaali
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71345. Iran.
authors.forename: Samaneh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71345. Iran.
authors.forename: Ali Mohammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tamaddon
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C524940:MIRN21 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense
keywords: Cancer; Chemo/radio-resistance; Oncogenic target.; Target proteins; microRNA-21