title: Association of Body Length with Ocular Parameters in Mice.
abstract: To determine the association between changes in body length with ocular refraction, corneal radii, axial length, and lens thickness in two different mouse strains.
  
  
  
  Body length, ocular refraction, corneal radii, axial length, and lens thickness were measured for two inbred mouse strains: 129S1/SvJ (n = 7) and C57BL/6 J (n = 10) from 4 to 12 weeks of age. Body length, from tip of nose to base of tail, was obtained using a digital camera. Biometric parameters, corneal radii, and refractions were measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, automated keratometry, and infrared photorefraction, respectively. A mixed-model ANOVA was performed to examine the changes in ocular parameters as a function of body length and strain in mice controlling for age, gender, and weight over time.
  
  
  
  C57BL/6J mice had significantly longer body length (average body length at 10 weeks, 8.60 ± 0.06 cm) compared to 129S1/SvJ mice (8.31 ± 0.05 cm) during development (P < .001). C57BL/6J mice had significantly hyperopic refractions compared to 129S1/SvJ mice across age (mean refraction at 10 weeks, 129S1/SvJ: +0.99 ± 0.44D vs. C57BL/6J: +6.24 ± 0.38D, P < .001). Corneal radius of curvature, axial length, and lens thickness (except 10 weeks lens thickness) were similar between the two strains throughout the measurement. In the mixed-model ANOVA, changes in body length showed an independent and significant association with the changes in refraction (P = .002) and corneal radii (P = .016) for each mouse strain. No significant association was found between the changes in axial length (P = .925) or lens thickness (P = .973) as a function of body length and strain.
  
  
  
  Changes in body length are significantly associated with the changes in ocular refraction and corneal radii in different mouse strains. Future studies are needed to determine if the association between body length and ocular refraction are related to changes in corneal curvature in mice.
authors.affiliation: *PhD †BS ‡MS Rehab R&D Center of Excellence, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur (RC, CCT, MCP, MTP); Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (MTP); Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (RC, HP, CCT, MTP); and Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia (PW).
authors.forename: Ranjay
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Han Na
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Christopher C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Megan C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Prunty
authors.forename: Machelle T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Pardue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058452:Axial Length, Eye / Q000502:physiology*; D001699:Biometry / Q000379:methods; D049628:Body Size / Q000502:physiology*; D003315:Cornea / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D057507:Mice, 129 Strain; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000503:physiopathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence