title: Inflammaging and human longevity in the omics era.
abstract: Inflammaging is a recent theory of aging originally proposed in 2000 where data and conceptualizations regarding the aging of the immune system (immunosenescence) and the evolution of immune responses from invertebrates to mammals converged. This theory has received an increasing number of citations and experimental confirmations. Here we present an updated version of inflammaging focused on omics data - particularly on glycomics - collected on centenarians, semi-supercentenarians and their offspring. Accordingly, we arrived to the following conclusions: i) inflammaging has a structure where specific combinations of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators are involved; ii) inflammaging is systemic and more complex than we previously thought, as many organs, tissues and cell types participate in producing pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli defined "molecular garbage"; iii) inflammaging is dynamic, can be propagated locally to neighboring cells and systemically from organ to organ by circulating products and microvesicles, and amplified by chronic age-related diseases constituting a "local fire", which in turn produces additional inflammatory stimuli and molecular garbage; iv) an integrated Systems Medicine approach is urgently needed to let emerge a robust and highly informative set/combination of omics markers able to better grasp the complex molecular core of inflammaging in elderly and centenarians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monti
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG) and Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: rita.ostan3@unibo.it.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ostan
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG) and Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Borelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy DIFA, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Gastone
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Castellani
authors.affiliation: IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Franceschi
mesh_terms: D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008136:Longevity / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Aging; Centenarians; Inflammaging; N-glycans; Systems medicine