title: In Vivo Ischemia Detection by Luminescent Nanothermometers.
abstract: There is an urgent need to develop new diagnosis tools for real in vivo detection of first stages of ischemia for the early treatment of cardiovascular diseases and accidents. However, traditional approaches show low sensitivity and a limited penetration into tissues, so they are only applicable for the detection of surface lesions. Here, it is shown how the superior thermal sensing capabilities of near infrared-emitting quantum dots (NIR-QDs) can be efficiently used for in vivo detection of subcutaneous ischemic tissues. In particular, NIR-QDs make possible ischemia detection by high penetration transient thermometry studies in a murine ischemic hindlimb model. NIR-QDs nanothermometers are able to identify ischemic tissues by means of their faster thermal dynamics. In addition, they have shown to be capable of monitoring both the revascularization and damage recovery processes of ischemic tissues. This work demonstrates the applicability of fluorescence nanothermometry for ischemia detection and treatment, as well as a tool for early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Fotônica e Fluidos Complexos, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL, Brazil.|Fluorescence Imaging Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Erving Clayton
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Ximendes
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Fotônica e Fluidos Complexos, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL, Brazil.|Fluorescence Imaging Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Uéslen
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Del Rosal
authors.affiliation: Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, 28500, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaquero
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.|Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanz-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Arzobispo Morcillo 2, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Monge
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, Varennes, QC, J3×1S2, Canada.
authors.forename: Fuqiang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, Varennes, QC, J3×1S2, Canada.
authors.forename: Fiorenzo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vetrone
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, Varennes, QC, J3×1S2, Canada.
authors.forename: Dongling
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Solé
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Fotônica e Fluidos Complexos, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jacinto
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.|Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jaque
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.|Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Arzobispo Morcillo 2, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fernández
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007259:Infrared Rays; D007511:Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry*; D013821:Thermometers; D062125:Thermometry / Q000379:methods*
keywords: ischemia; nanoparticles; nanothermometry; thermal transients