title: Diurnal variations in polyunsaturated fatty acid contents and expression of genes involved in their de novo synthesis in pigs.
abstract: The daily variations in circulating fatty acid (FA) contents and lipid metabolism have been well documented. However, whether long chain polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) contents and expression of genes involved in their de novo synthesis exhibit daily rhythms are yet unknown. We conducted the present study to investigate the daily variations in PUFA contents in plasma and liver of pigs. Moreover, diurnal expression of genes encode fatty acid desaturases and elongases, which are key enzymes catalyzed de novo synthesis of long chain PUFA, were also explored. The results showed that long chain PUFA contents in plasma and liver both exhibited diurnal rhythms. Diurnal variations were also observed in mRNA expression of FASD1 (Delta 5-desaturase), FASD2 (Delta 6-desaturase), ELOVL5 (fatty acid elongase 5) and ELOVL2 in liver, with an unexpectedly high level at night. Moreover, our results showed a similarity between the diurnal patterns of FASD1, FASD2, ELOVL2, ELOVL5 and Period 2. These results indicated a high activity of the desaturase-elongase pathway at night in pigs. These findings have important physiological and pathophysiological implications, since long chain PUFA are essential for cell function and closely involved in the development of metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Xihong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China. Electronic address: w.dan@isa.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Changsha 410128, China.
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Cimin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Liuqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Bie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China. Electronic address: wuxin@isa.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China. Electronic address: yinyulong@isa.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D057906:Circadian Clocks / Q000235:genetics; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D000081031:Fatty Acid Elongases; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D000081031:Fatty Acid Elongases; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Desaturase; Elongase; Pig; Polyunsaturated fatty acid