title: Elevated DNA Oxidation and DNA Repair Enzyme Expression in Brain White Matter in Major Depressive Disorder.
abstract: Pathology of white matter in brains of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is well-documented, but the cellular and molecular basis of this pathology are poorly understood.
  
  
  
  Levels of DNA oxidation and gene expression of DNA damage repair enzymes were measured in Brodmann area 10 (BA10) and/or amygdala (uncinate fasciculus) white matter tissue from brains of MDD (n=10) and psychiatrically normal control donors (n=13). DNA oxidation was also measured in BA10 white matter of schizophrenia donors (n=10) and in prefrontal cortical white matter from control rats (n=8) and rats with repeated stress-induced anhedonia (n=8).
  
  
  
  DNA oxidation in BA10 white matter was robustly elevated in MDD as compared to control donors, with a smaller elevation occurring in schizophrenia donors. DNA oxidation levels in psychiatrically affected donors that died by suicide did not significantly differ from DNA oxidation levels in psychiatrically affected donors dying by other causes (non-suicide). Gene expression levels of two base excision repair enzymes, PARP1 and OGG1, were robustly elevated in oligodendrocytes laser captured from BA10 and amygdala white matter of MDD donors, with smaller but significant elevations of these gene expressions in astrocytes. In rats, repeated stress-induced anhedonia, as measured by a reduction in sucrose preference, was associated with increased DNA oxidation in white, but not gray, matter.
  
  
  
  Cellular residents of brain white matter demonstrate markers of oxidative damage in MDD. Medications that interfere with oxidative damage or pathways activated by oxidative damage have potential to improve treatment for MDD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szebeni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szebeni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: DiPeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Luke A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA|Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stockmeier
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.affiliation: Departments of Health Sciences & Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chandley
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Liza J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Russell W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Departments of Biomedical Sciences & Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ordway
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000473:pathology; D066127:White Matter / Q000201:enzymology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C479058:oxoguanine glycosylase 1, human; D003849:Deoxyguanosine
keywords: DNA; anhedonia; messenger RNA; oligodendrocyte; oxidative stress