title: The quantification of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in sediment samples using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with μECD detection.
abstract: The analysis of persistent organic pollutants in environmental samples is a challenge due to the very large number of compounds with varying chemical and physical properties. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are complex mixtures of chlorinated n-alkanes with varying chain lengths (C10to C30) and degree of chlorination (30 to 70% by weight). Their physical-chemical properties make these compounds persistent in the environment and able to bioaccumulate in living organisms. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) coupled with micro-electron capture detection (μECD) was used to separate and quantify short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCP) in sediment samples. Distinct ordered bands were observed in the GC × GC chromatograms pointing to group separation. Using the Classification function of the ChromaTOF software, summary tables were generated to determine total area counts to set up multilevel-calibration curves for different technical mixes. Fortified sediment samples were analyzed by GC × GC-μECD with minimal extraction and cleanup. Recoveries ranged from 120 to 130%. To further validate the proposed method for the analysis of SCCPs, the laboratory participated in interlaboratory studies for the analysis of standards and sediment samples. The results showed recoveries between 75 and 95% and z-score values <2, demonstrating that the method is suitable for the analysis of SCCPs in soil/sediment samples. Graphical abstract Quantification of SCCPs by 2D-GC-μECD.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada.|Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: Alina M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Muscalu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada.
authors.forename: Dave
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.affiliation: Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada. Eric.Reiner@Ontario.ca.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Reiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Górecki
keywords: Electron capture detection (ECD); Environmental analysis; Multidimensional chromatography (GCxGC); Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCP)