title: A Comprehensive and Comparative Study of Wolfiporia extensa Cultivation Regions by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography.
abstract: Nowadays, Wolfiporia extensa as a popular raw material in food and medicine industry has received increasing interests. Due to supply shortage, this species of edible and medicinal mushroom has been cultivated in some provinces of China. In the present study, cultivated W. extensa collected from six regions in Yunnan Province of China were analyzed by an integrated method based on Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC) coupled with multivariate analysis including partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) in order to investigate the differences and similarities in different origins and parts. In the tested mushroom samples, characteristic FT-IR spectra were obtained for acquiring comprehensive fuzz chemical information and pachymic acid was determinated as a biomarker in the meantime. From the results, the comparison of samples was achieved successfully according to their geographical regions and different parts. All the samples displayed regional dependence and the inner parts showed better quality consistency. In addition, the chemical constituents of cultivated W. extensa could be also affected by the cultivation methods. Meanwhile, there was an interesting finding that the soil properties of cultivation regions may have a relationship with the chemical constituents of the epidermis of soil-cultured W. extensa, rather than the inner parts. Collectively, it demonstrated that the present study could provide comprehensive chemical evidence for the critical complement of quality evaluation on the cultivated W. extensa. Moreover, it may be available for the further researches of complicated mushrooms in practice.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.|Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.|Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Honggao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.|Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Yuanzhong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-757X
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004032:Diet; D005843:Geography; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional / Q000379:methods*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D000070660:Wolfiporia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014315:Triterpenes; C102487:pachymic acid