title: Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations in Infectious Keratitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in eyes with Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), bacterial keratitis (BK), and fungal keratitis (FK).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective consecutive case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study includes 18 normal subjects and 63 eyes of 62 consecutive patients with corneal scarring due to AK (20 eyes), BK (35 eyes), and FK (8 eyes) from 2010 to 2016. HOAs of the anterior and posterior surfaces and the total cornea were analyzed by anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Corneal HOA patterns were assigned on the basis of corneal topography maps. Corneal opacity grading was assigned on the basis of slit-lamp examinations. We evaluated corneal HOAs, corneal opacity grading, and their correlation with visual acuity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HOAs of the total cornea within a 4-mm diameter were significantly larger in eyes with infectious keratitis (AK, 1.15 ± 2.06 μm; BK, 0.91 ± 0.88 μm; FK, 1.39 ± 1.46 μm) compared with normal controls (0.09 ± 0.01 μm, all, P < .001). Asymmetric pattern was the most common topographic pattern (30% in AK, 51.4% in BK, and 37.5% in FK), followed by the protrusion patterns (10% in AK, 20% in BK, and 12.5% in FK). The visual acuity significantly correlated with HOAs (anterior surface: R = 0.764, P < .0001; posterior surface: R = 0.745, P < .0001; total cornea: R = 0.669, P < .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Larger corneal HOAs in patients with infectious keratitis were associated with poorer visual acuity values. Asymmetric pattern was the most common topographic pattern in infectious keratitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: yama19770614@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yagi-Yaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dogru
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsubota
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimazaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology*; D019781:Corneal Topography; D057108:Corneal Wavefront Aberration / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015822:Eye Infections, Parasitic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007634:Keratitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D055815:Young Adult