title: Mechanisms of retinoic acid signaling during cardiogenesis.
abstract: Substantial experimental and epidemiological data have highlighted the interplay between nutritional and genetic factors in the development of congenital heart defects. Retinoic acid (RA), a derivative of vitamin A, plays a key role during vertebrate development including the formation of the heart. Retinoids bind to RA and retinoid X receptors (RARs and RXRs) which then regulate tissue-specific genes. Here, we will focus on the roles of RA signaling and receptors in gene regulation during cardiogenesis, and the consequence of deregulated retinoid signaling on heart formation and congenital heart defects.
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, GMGF, Marseille, France. Electronic address: sonia.stefanovic@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stefanovic
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, GMGF, Marseille, France. Electronic address: stephane.zaffran@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zaffran
mesh_terms: D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D038081:Organogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C063843:insulin gene enhancer binding protein Isl-1; D014212:Tretinoin; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C470579:RALDH2 protein, mouse
keywords: Cell fate decisions; Heart development; Retinoic acid; Retinoic acid receptors