title: Dietary Intervention for Glucose Tolerance In Teens (DIG IT): Protocol of a randomized controlled trial using health coaching to prevent youth-onset type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease that is newly emerging and behavioral strategies for its prevention are limited. Interventions that target the lifestyle behaviors of adolescents, to improve poor dietary quality and reduce excessive sedentariness, promise to reduce the risk of developing T2D. Health coaching is effective for promoting healthy behaviors in patients who have chronic disease, but few experimental studies are in adolescents. This randomized controlled trial, in adolescents with prediabetes, will determine the effectiveness of a health coaching intervention to facilitate adoption of healthy diet and activity behaviors that delay or prevent development of T2D.
  
  
  
  The Dietary Intervention for Glucose Tolerance In Teens (DIG IT) trial will involve an evaluation of a health coaching intervention in adolescents with prediabetes. Eligible participants will be randomized to receive 6months of health coaching or a single dietary consultation that is standard-of-care. The primary outcome will be 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test concentration. Secondary outcomes will include measures of glycemia and insulin action as well as dietary, physical activity and sedentary behaviors measured using an electronic food record, and by inclinometer. Data will be collected before and after the intervention (at 6months) and at 12months (to assess sustainability).
  
  
  
  This trial will determine whether a health coaching intervention, a personalized and low-cost approach to modify dietary and activity behaviors, is effective and sustainable for prevention of youth-onset T2D, relative to standard-of-care. Health coaching has the potential to be widely implemented in clinical or community settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
authors.forename: Ethan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
authors.forename: Seth M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Armah
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
authors.forename: Diarmuid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Horan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
authors.forename: Lisa G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pike
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
authors.forename: Wanzhu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Texas Obesity Research Center, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, United States.
authors.forename: Marc T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Delp
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
authors.forename: Wayne W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States.
authors.forename: Carol J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Boushey
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
authors.forename: Tamara S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Hannon
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States. Electronic address: ngletsum@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Nana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gletsu-Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise; D017144:Focus Groups; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D000071252:Mentoring; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human