title: The Electrochemical Response of Single Crystalline Copper Nanowires to Atmospheric Air and Aqueous Solution.
abstract: In this paper, single crystalline copper nanowires (CuNWs) have been electrochemically grown through anodic aluminum oxide template. The environmental stability of the as-obtained CuNWs in both 40% relative humidity (RH) atmosphere and 0.1 m NaOH aqueous solution has been subsequently studied. In 40% RH atmosphere, a uniform compact Cu2O layer is formed as a function of exposure time following the logarithmic law and epitaxially covers the CuNW surfaces. It is also found that the oxide layers on CuNWs are sequentially grown when subjected to the cyclic voltammetry measurement in 0.1 m NaOH solution. An epitaxially homogeneous Cu2O layer is initially formed over the surface of the CuNW substrates by solid-state reaction (SSR). Subsequently, the conversion of Cu2O into epitaxial CuO based on the SSR takes place with the increase of applied potential. This CuO layer is partially dissolved in the solution forming Cu(OH)2, which then redeposited on the CuNW surfaces (i.e., dissolution-redeposition (DR) process) giving rise to a mixed polycrystalline CuO/Cu(OH)2layer. The further increase of applied potential allows the complete oxidation of Cu2O into CuO to form a dual-layer structure (i.e., CuO inner layer and Cu(OH)2outer layer) with random orientations through an enhanced DR process.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Bowei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Bensong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Junsheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.|Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Shiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.|Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Minmin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Siu Hon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.|School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Edwin Hang Tong
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Teo
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yizhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
keywords: alkaline aqueous solution; atmospheric air; copper nanowires; electrochemical response