title: Fe(3)O(4)/polyethylene glycol nanocomposite as a solid-phase microextraction fiber coating for the determination of some volatile organic compounds in water.
abstract: A high-performance metal oxide polymer magnetite/polyethylene glycol nanocomposite was prepared and coated in situ on the surface of the optical fiber by sol-gel technology. The magnetite nanoparticles as nanofillers were synthesized by a coprecipitation method and bonded with polyethylene glycol as a polymer. The chemically bonded coating was evaluated for the headspace solid-phase microextraction of some environmentally important volatile organic compounds from aqueous samples in combination with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The prepared fiber was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The mass ratio of nanofiller and polymer on the coating extraction efficiency, morphology, and stability were investigated. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, including the extraction time and temperature, the ionic strength, desorption temperature, and time were optimized. The sol-gelized fiber showed excellent chemical stability and longer lifespan. It also exhibited high extraction efficiency compared to the two types of commercial fibers. For volatile organic compounds analysis, the new fiber showed low detection limits (0.008-0.063 ng/L) and wide linearity (0.001-450 × 104ng/L) under the optimized conditions. The repeatability (interday and intraday) and reproducibility were 4.13-10.08 and 5.98-11.61%, and 7.35-14.79%, respectively (n = 5). For real sample analysis, three types of water samples (ground, surface, and tap water) were studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Manoochehr
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farjaminezhad
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Saber
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Tehrani
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Parviz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aberoomand Azar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, University Street, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bohlooli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Syed Waqif
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hussain
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; C000499:ferric oxide; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide
keywords: magnetite nanoparticles; nanocomposites; polyethylene glycol; sol-gel technology; solid-phase microextraction