title: Exuberant mitral annular calcification.
abstract: Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a chronic, progressive process characterized by calcium deposition on the mitral valve annulus. There is no current grading system to relay the severity of MAC. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the extreme end of the severity spectrum in order to describe "exuberant mitral annular calcification", and a retrospective chart review of all patients with exuberant mitral annulus calcification evaluated at Mayo Clinic Rochester between January 1996 and December 2014 was performed. This is the first study to define criteria of "exuberant mitral annular calcification", emphasizing the importance of identifying the extreme degree of mitral annular calcification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. lyle.melissa@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lyle
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Snipelisky
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Niti R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Fletcher A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Nandan S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Anavekar
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D057791:Cardiac Imaging Techniques; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Exuberant; Mitral annular calcification