title: Measurements of fluence profiles in femtosecond laser filaments in air.
abstract: We introduce a technique to measure fluence distributions in femtosecond laser beams with peak intensity of up to several hundred terawatts per square centimeter. Our approach is based on the dependence of single-shot laser ablation threshold for gold on the angle of incidence of the laser beam on the gold sample. We apply this technique to the profiling of fluence distributions in femtosecond laser filaments at a wavelength of 800 nm in air. The peak intensity is found to be clamped at a level that depends on the external beam focusing. The limiting value of the peak intensity attainable in long-range 800 nm air filaments, under very loose focusing conditions (f-number above ∼500), is about 55  TW/cm2.
authors.forename: Xiao-Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Weibo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrarca
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Polynkin