title: In VitroEvaluation of Biocompatibility of Uncoated Thermally Reduced Graphene and Carbon Nanotube-Loaded PVDF Membranes with Adult Neural Stem Cell-Derived Neurons and Glia.
abstract: Graphene, graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are being investigated as potential substrates for the growth of neural cells. However, in mostin vitrostudies, the cells were seeded on these materials coated with various proteins implying that the observed effects on the cells could not solely be attributed to the GBN and CNT properties. Here, we studied the biocompatibility of uncoated thermally reduced graphene (TRG) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes loaded with multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) using neural stem cells isolated from the adult mouse olfactory bulb (termed aOBSCs). When aOBSCs were induced to differentiate on coverslips treated with TRG or control materials (polyethyleneimine-PEI and polyornithine plus fibronectin-PLO/F) in a serum-free medium, neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes were generated in all conditions, indicating that TRG permits the multi-lineage differentiation of aOBSCs. However, the total number of cells was reduced on both PEI and TRG. In a serum-containing medium, aOBSC-derived neurons and oligodendrocytes grown on TRG were more numerous than in controls; the neurons developed synaptic boutons and oligodendrocytes were more branched. In contrast, neurons growing on PVDF membranes had reduced neurite branching, and on MWCNTs-loaded membranes oligodendrocytes were lower in numbers than in controls. Overall, these findings indicate that uncoated TRG may be biocompatible with the generation, differentiation, and maturation of aOBSC-derived neurons and glial cells, implying a potential use for TRG to study functional neuronal networks.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IC-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Çağla
authors.initials: Ç
authors.lastname: Defteralı
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verdejo
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG), Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH, Institut für Polymerforschung , Geesthacht , Germany.
authors.forename: Shahid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Majeed
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG), Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH, Institut für Polymerforschung , Geesthacht , Germany.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boschetti-de-Fierro
authors.affiliation: Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IC-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Héctor R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Méndez-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IC-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Díaz-Guerra
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG), Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH, Institut für Polymerforschung , Geesthacht , Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fierro
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG), Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH, Institut für Polymerforschung , Geesthacht , Germany.
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buhr
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG), Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH, Institut für Polymerforschung , Geesthacht , Germany.
authors.forename: Clarissa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abetz
authors.affiliation: Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IC-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martínez-Murillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège , Liège , Belgium.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vuluga
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège , Liège , Belgium.
authors.forename: Michaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alexandre
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège , Liège , Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thomassin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège , Liège , Belgium.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Detrembleur
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège , Liège , Belgium.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jérôme
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG), Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH, Institut für Polymerforschung , Geesthacht , Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Abetz
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: López-Manchado
authors.affiliation: Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IC-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vicario-Abejón
keywords: PVDF membranes; adult neural stem cells; carbon nanotubes; neurons; oligodendrocytes; synapses; uncoated graphene