title: The Lipid A from Rhodopseudomonas palustris Strain BisA53 LPS Possesses a Unique Structure and Low Immunostimulant Properties.
abstract: The search for novel lipid A analogues from any biological source that can act as antagonists, displaying inhibitory activity towards the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, or as immunomodulators in mammals, is a very topical issue. To this aim, the structure and immunological properties of the lipopolysaccharide lipid A from the purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain BisA53 have been determined. This lipid A displays a unique structural feature, with a non-phosphorylated skeleton made up of the tetrasaccharide Manp-α-(1→4)-GlcpN3N-β-1→6-GlcpN3N-α-(1→1)-α-GalpA, and four primary amide-linked 14:0(3-OH) and, as secondary O-acyl substituents, a 16:0 and the very long-chain fatty acid 26:0(25-OAc), appended on the GlcpN3N units. This lipid A architecture is definitely rare, so far identified only in the genus Bradyrhizobium. Immunological tests on both murine bone-marrow-derived and human monocyte-derived macrophages revealed an extremely low immunostimulant capability of this LPS lipid A.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples, Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Flaviana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: CNR-Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali IPCB-Unità di Catania, Via Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmigiano
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al Bitar-Nehme
authors.affiliation: CNR-Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali IPCB-Unità di Catania, Via Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sturiale
authors.affiliation: Junior Group of Allergobiochemistry, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, 23845, Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Katarzyna A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Duda
authors.affiliation: IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR IRD/SupAgro/INRA/UM2/CIRAD, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA A-82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Djamel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gully
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples, Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lanzetta
authors.affiliation: IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR IRD/SupAgro/INRA/UM2/CIRAD, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA A-82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giraud
authors.affiliation: CNR-Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali IPCB-Unità di Catania, Via Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garozzo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.|Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza-Università di Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Lina
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples, Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molinaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples, Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silipo
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects; D008050:Lipid A / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012241:Rhodopseudomonas / Q000737:chemistry*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D008050:Lipid A
keywords: NMR spectroscopy; fatty acids; glycolipids; innate immunity; lipopolysaccharides