title: Evaluation of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables from Algeria.
abstract: A total of 160 samples of 13 types of fresh fruits and vegetables from domestic production and import were analysed to detect the presence of pesticide residues. Analysis was performed by multi-residual extraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In 42.5% of the tested samples, no residues were found and 12.5% of samples contained pesticide residues above maximum residue limits. Risk assessment for long-term exposure was done for all pesticides detected in this study. Except chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin, exposure to pesticides from vegetables and fruits was below 1% of the acceptable daily intake. Short-term exposure assessment revealed that in seven pesticide/commodity combinations, including three pesticides (chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin), the acute reference dose had been exceeded.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire d'Amélioration Intégrative des Productions Végétales , Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique , Alger , Algérie.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mebdoua
authors.affiliation: b Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre , Université Djilali Bounaama , Khemis Miliana , Algérie.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazali
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire d'Amélioration Intégrative des Productions Végétales , Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique , Alger , Algérie.
authors.forename: Sidi Mohamed
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ounane
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire d'Amélioration Intégrative des Productions Végétales , Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique , Alger , Algérie.
authors.forename: Sihem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tellah
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire d'Amélioration Intégrative des Productions Végétales , Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique , Alger , Algérie.
authors.forename: Fahima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nabi
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire d'Amélioration Intégrative des Productions Végétales , Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique , Alger , Algérie.
authors.forename: Ghania
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ounane
mesh_terms: D000462:Algeria; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000032:analysis; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D009570:Nitriles / Q000032:analysis; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; C037304:cyhalothrin
keywords: Pesticide residues; fruits; long-term exposure; short-term exposure; vegetables