title: Cinnamaldehyde Ameliorates Cadmium-Inhibited Root Elongation in Tobacco Seedlings via Decreasing Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Production.
abstract: Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is natural plant-derived compound that has been highly appreciated for its medicinal properties. However, little information is known about the regulation of plant intrinsic physiology by CA. To address these gaps, physiological, histochemical, and biochemical approaches were applied to investigate CA-facilitated cadmium (Cd) tolerance in the roots of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) seedlings. Treatment with CdCl₂ at 20 μM for 72 h resulted in the significant decrease in root elongation by 40.39% as compared to control. CA alleviated Cd-inhibited root elongation in dose- and time-dependent manners. The addition of CA at 20 μM induced significant increase in root elongation by 42.58% as compared to Cd treatment alone. CA abolished Cd-induced ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation, lipid peroxidation, loss of membrane integrity, cell death, and free Cd2+accumulation in roots. CA blocked the Cd-induced increase in the endogenous H₂S level through the down-regulation ofd-cysteine desulfhydrase(DCD) expression. H₂S scavenger hypotaurine (HT) or potent H₂S-biosynthetic inhibitor dl-propargylglicine (PAG) were able mimic the action of CA on the blockade of Cd-induced H₂S accumulation, cell death, and growth inhibition. Enhancement of the endogenous H₂S level with NaHS (H₂S donor) abrogated all the beneficial capabilities of CA, HT, and PAG. Collectively, these results suggest that CA has great potential to confer plant tolerance against Cd stress, which is closely associated with its capability to inhibit Cd-induced H₂S production. This study not only provides evidences for the regulation of plant physiology by CA but also sheds new light on the cross-talk between CA and H₂S in physiological modulations.
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Science College/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China. yexiefeng@163.com.
authors.forename: Xie-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Yangzi Modern Agriculture Investment and Development Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211899, China. hnndxyf@163.com.
authors.forename: Yanfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Science College/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China. 18837103304@163.com.
authors.forename: Tianxiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Tobacco Corporation, Chongqing 400023, China. wangyong08326488@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Science College/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China. yuxiaona1129@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Na
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Hongyun Honghe Tobacco Group Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, China. ccxin1003@163.com.
authors.forename: Changxin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Henan Tobacco Corporation Queshan Branch, Queshan 463200, China. fenggsheng@163.com.
authors.forename: Guosheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China. hulb973@163.com.
authors.forename: Liangbin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China. shizhiqi@jaas.ac.cn.|Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing 210014, China. shizhiqi@jaas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhiqi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China. jacksonchen206@gmail.com.|Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing 210014, China. jacksonchen206@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000480:Alkynes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D003542:Cystathionine gamma-Lyase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013654:Taurine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013440:Sulfides; D013654:Taurine; C003949:hypotaurine; C009055:propargylglycine; D000171:Acrolein; D003542:Cystathionine gamma-Lyase; C025451:sodium bisulfide; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; C012843:cinnamaldehyde; D005998:Glycine; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide
keywords: cadmium; cell death; cinnamaldehyde; hydrogen sulfide; reactive oxygen species; tobacco