title: Avermectin induced global DNA hypomethylation and over-expression of heat shock proteins in cardiac tissues of pigeon.
abstract: Despite increasing evidences pointing to residues of avermectin (AVM) pose toxic effects on non-target organisms in environment, but the data in pigeon is insufficient. The alteration of global DNA methylation and response of heat shock proteins (Hsps) are important for assessing the AVM toxicity in cardiac tissues of pigeon (Columba livia). To investigate the effects of AVM exposure in cardiac tissues of pigeon, we detected the expression levels of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts), methylated DNA-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2), and Hsp 60, 70 and 90. Pigeons were exposed to feed containing AVM (0, 20, 40 and 60mg/kg diet) for 30, 60, 90days respectively, and cardiac tissues were collected and analyzed. We found the transcriptional levels of Dnmt1, Dnmt3aand Dnmt3bmRNA were down-regulated, but the transcriptional levels of MBD2 mRNA were up-regulated by AVM exposure in cardiac tissues of pigeon. Necrocytosis, hemorrhage, infiltration of inflammatory cells and abundant vacuoles appeared in cardiac tissues after AVM exposure. Accompanying this phenotype, the mRNA transcriptional and/or protein levels of Hsp30, Hsp60, Hsp70 and Hsp90 increased. In conclusion, these results underscored AVM exposure caused DNA methylation machinery malfunctions, and induced over-expression of Hsps to improve the protective function against cardiac injury.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Ci
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Pervez Ahmed
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Khoso
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. Electronic address: lishu@neau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010856:Columbidae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C115368:MBD2 protein; D010575:Pesticides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007559:Ivermectin; C019264:avermectin; D004247:DNA; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases
keywords: Avermectin; Cardiac tissues; DNA methylation; Heat shock proteins; Pigeon