title: Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of a new metabolite from Quercus incana.
abstract: Phytochemical investigations of Quercus incana led to the isolation of a new catechin derivative quercuschin (1), along with six known compounds: quercetin (2), methyl gallate (3), gallic acid (4), betulinic acid (5), (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (6) and β-sitosterol glucoside (7) from the ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract of the bark. Compound 1 was screened for its antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant potential. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of the compound were tested against different bacterial and fungal strains, employing the agar well diffusion methods. The antibacterial activity was the highest against Streptococcus pyogenes with 80.0% inhibition, while the antifungal activity of the compound was the highest against Candida glabrata with 80.5% inhibition. The results of the antioxidant activity indicated that the compound exhibited antioxidant activity comparable to that of standard, butylated hydroxyanisole (51.2 μg/10 μl versus 45.9 μg/10 μl).
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan.|b Pharmacology Section, PCSIR Lab Complex , Peshawar , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.affiliation: c H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS) , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Khalid Mohammed
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: c H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS) , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Achyut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.affiliation: d Institute of Chemical Sciences , University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Salman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zafar
authors.affiliation: e Chemistry Section, PCSIR Lab Complex , Peshawar , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akram
authors.affiliation: f Department of Pharmacy , Abdul Wali Khan University , Mardan , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Haroon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saeed
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D041221:Candida glabrata / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D029963:Quercus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D064210:Secondary Metabolism; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000187:drug effects; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000094062:Betulinic Acid
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D012855:Sitosterols; D014315:Triterpenes; C000588720:quercusnin A; C011015:lyoniside; D000094062:Betulinic Acid
keywords: Quercus incana; antibacterial; antifungal and antioxidant; catechin; quercuschin