title: Effects of resistance training in HIV-infected patients: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
abstract: The relative effects of resistance training (RT) upon muscle fitness and immune function among HIV-infected patients are uncertain. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to determine the effects of RT upon muscle strength, muscle mass and CD4 cells count and to identify potential moderators of those outcomes in HIV-infected patients. Meta-analyses use random or fixed-effects model depending on the heterogeneity of effect sizes, complemented with Hedge's g correction factor. Thirteen trials were meta-analysed. Overall, RT increased muscle strength (35.5%, P < 0.01) and CD4 cell count (26.1%, P = 0.003) versus controls (P < 0.03), but not muscle mass (P = 0.051). Meta-regression followed by subgroup moderator analysis showed that gains in muscle strength followed a dose-response pattern with largest increase detected among trials with longer (24 weeks; 49.3%) than shorter intervention (<12 weeks; 39%), higher (Physiotherapy Evidence-Based Database [PEDro] scale = 6; 38.3%) than lower (PEDro = 5; 28.1%) quality, and longer (12 months; 59.7%) than shorter time under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (<6 months; 37.1%), (P < 0.01). RT appears to be efficacious to improve muscular strength (~35.5%) and CD4 cell count (~26.1%), but not muscle mass of HIV-infected patients. Effects upon strength were greater in studies with higher quality and among trials with longer RT and HAART.
authors.affiliation: a Research Group of Cardiovascular Response and Exercise , Londrina State University , Londrina , Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poton
authors.affiliation: a Research Group of Cardiovascular Response and Exercise , Londrina State University , Londrina , Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Polito
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports , University of Rio de Janeiro State , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.|c Physical Activity Sciences Graduate Program , Salgado Oliveira University , Niteroi , Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farinatti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D055070:Resistance Training
keywords: AIDS; Exercise; immune function; muscle fitness; research synthesis