title: Metabolic Transition of Milk Lactose Synthesis and Up-regulation by AKT1 in Sows from Late Pregnancy to Lactation.
abstract: Lactose plays a crucial role in controlling milk volume by inducing water toward into the mammary secretory vesicles from the mammary epithelial cell cytoplasm, thereby maintaining osmolality. In current study, we determined the expression of several lactose synthesis related genes, including glucose transporters (glucose transporter 1, glucose transporter 8, sodium-glucose cotransporter 1, sodium-glucose cotransporter 3, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 5), lactose synthases (α-lactalbumin and β1,4-galactosyltransferase), and hexokinases (hexokinase-1 and hexokinase-2) in sow mammary gland tissue at day 17 before delivery, on the 1st day of lactation and at peak lactation. The data showed that glucose transporter 1 was the dominant glucose transporter within sow mammary gland and that expression of each glucose transporter 1, sodium-glucose cotransporter 1, hexokinase-1, hexokinase-2, α-lactalbumin, and β1,4-galactosyltransferase were increased (p < 0.05) when the sows transited from late pregnancy to peak lactation. AKT1 over-expressed mammary epithelial cells were then constructed, and the results indicated that AKT1 increases (p < 0.01) the expression of hexokinase-1 and glucose transporter 1. In summary, lactose synthesis was significantly elevated with the increase of milk production and AKT1 could positively regulate lactose synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China.|National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-0438
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
authors.forename: Baoliang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China. wtguan@scau.edu.cn.|National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, 510642, China. wtguan@scau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wutai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
authors.forename: Yantao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
authors.forename: Hanzhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
authors.forename: Chaoxian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
authors.forename: Yinzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D050491:Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation; D007785:Lactose / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034421:Sus scrofa; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D050491:Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D006593:Hexokinase; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D007785:Lactose
keywords: AKT1; Glucose transport; Lactose synthesis; Mammary glands; Sow