title: Determination of serum aflatoxin B1-lysine to evaluate the efficacy of an aflatoxin-adsorbing feed additive in pigs fed an aflatoxin B1-contaminated diet.
abstract: In this study, serum aflatoxin B1(AFB1)-lysine was determined in order to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) in pigs fed AFB1. Twenty-four 49-day-old crossbred barrows were maintained in individual cages and allowed ad libitum access to feed and water. A completely randomized design was used with six animals assigned to each of four dietary treatments for 21 days as follows: (A) basal diet (BD), (B) BD supplemented with 0.5 % HSCAS, (C) BD supplemented with 1.1 mg/kg AFB1, and (D) BD supplemented with 0.5 % HSCAS and 1.1 mg/kg AFB1. HSCAS was able to alleviate the toxic effects of AFB1on pigs and reduce (P < 0.05) the levels of serum AFB1-lysine. Cumulative reductions of adduct yield values, calculated through the equation [(pg AFB1-lysine/mg albumin) / (μg AFB1/kg body weight)], were 53.0, 62.8, and 72.1 after 7, 14, and 21 days of oral exposure, respectively. AFB1-lysine has potential as an AFB1-specific biomarker for diagnostic purposes and for evaluating the efficacy of chemoprotective interventions in pigs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mayra Carraro
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Di Gregorio
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Vincenzi
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Jager
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pollyana Cristina Maggio Castro
authors.initials: PCMC
authors.lastname: Souto
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Alves
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
authors.forename: George Edwin
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rottinghaus
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Passarelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture and Food Supply of the São Paulo State, Institute of Animal Science and Pastures, Nova Odessa, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Enrique Lemos
authors.initials: FEL
authors.lastname: Budiño
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Humberto
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Corassin
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil. carlosaf@usp.br.
authors.forename: Carlos Augusto Fernandes
authors.initials: CAF
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D005503:Food Additives; D005506:Food Contamination; D008239:Lysine / Q000097:blood; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000097:blood* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D005503:Food Additives; D009183:Mycotoxins; C087965:sodium calcium aluminosilicate, hydrated; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D008239:Lysine
keywords: AFB1-lysine adduct; Adsorbent; LC-MS/MS; Swine