title: Comparative study on fatty acid composition of olive (Olea europaea L.), with emphasis on phytosterol contents.
abstract: The present study was designed to determine the fatty acid composition and phytosterol contents of Turkish native olive cultivars, namely Kilis Yağlık and Nizip Yağlık cv. In this context, olive fruits from 34 locations were sampled and then screened for their components in comparison. Fifteen different fatty acids were found in both olive oils. In the order of abundance, the most important ones were oleic acid (18:1) > palmitic acid (16:0) > linoleic acid (18:2) > stearic acid (18:0). Significant differences were observed in the contents of oleic acid (18:1), palmitic acid (16:0), linoleic acid (18:2) but not for stearic acid content in comparison both oils (p < 0.01). There were significant differences in terms of unsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.01). The seven phytosterols - cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, Δ-5-avenasterol, Δ-7-stigmastenol and Δ-7-avenasterol - were studied in both oil sources. The predominant sterols were β-sitosterol, Δ5-avenasterol and campesterol in the samples analysed. However, no significant differences were found in the levels of the phytosterols between the two olive cultivars.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Faculty of Fine Arts, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hassan Y
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-7009
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Aboul-Enein
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey.
authors.forename: Muhittin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kulak
authors.affiliation: Gaziantep University Technical Sciences School, Kampus, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bindak
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D000069599:Crop Production; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry*; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis*; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010840:Phytosterols
keywords: fatty acids; gas chromatography; olive oil; olive yield; phytosterols