title: The relationship between circulating neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and early alteration of metabolic parameters is associated with dietary saturated fat intake in non-diabetic Korean women.
abstract: Circulating neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is associated with obesity-related metabolic disorders. This study investigated the relationship between serum NGAL and early alteration of metabolic parameters in non-diabetic Korean women, particularly with respect to saturated fat (SFA) intake. Anthropometric parameters, fasting glycemic status, and levels of lipids, oxidative stress/inflammatory markers, and NGAL were measured in 82 non-diabetic Korean women [Super-healthy group (n=57) with 0 metabolic syndrome risk factor (MetS RF) and MetS-risk group (n=25) with MetS RF≥1]. Age, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, HbA1C, triglyceride, LDL and total-cholesterol, and NGAL levels were higher, and HDL-cholesterol was lower in the MetS-risk group than in the Super-healthy group. Age-adjusted serum NGAL levels were higher in the MetS-risk group than in the Super-healthy group. NGAL increased proportionally with increase in MetS RFs (p=0.038) and correlated positively with BMI, triglycerides, LDL- and total-cholesterol, interleukin-6, white blood cell count, and neutrophil%, and negatively with HDL-cholesterol and superoxide dismutase activity. Serum NGAL levels positively correlated with SFA intake before and after adjustment (age and BMI). Serum NGAL levels were higher in high-SFA consumers [≥7g/day, ≥7% of total calorie intake (TCI)] than in low-SFA consumers (<7g/day, <7% of TCI). Serum NGAL levels were highest in the MetS-risk group consuming higher SFA and lowest in the Super-healthy group consuming lower SFA. However, serum NGAL did not significantly differ between the low-SFA consuming MetS-risk and Super-healthy groups. The relationship between circulating NGAL and early alteration of metabolic parameters is associated with dietary SFA intake in non-diabetic Korean women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Brain Busan 21 Project, Busan 49315, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ga Yoon
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: So Ra
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Juhyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Rimkyo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Juhyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Mi-Na
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Seongho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Oh Yoen
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D000071068:Lipocalin-2 / Q000097:blood*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004041:Dietary Fats; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha