title: Elucidating Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease via Different Receptors.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder that gradually degrades neuronal cells. Presently, it is the most common reason for the memory loss and dementia in older individuals. It is patho-physiologically described by extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) retention, neuronal decline, and neurotransmitter system derangement. Various receptors such as nicotinic acetylcholine, N-methyl-D-aspartate, insulin, serotonin, adenosine, and histamine are actively involved in the physiological progression of AD. Till date memantine and only four other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of AD by US Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA). Hence, there is a critical need to explore and develop novel and helpful management systems which could specifically target different receptors involved in AD progression. We believe that these receptors targeting will either impede the disease onset or slow down its pathogenesis. In the present review, we tried to uncover some receptors that could be blocked by novel inhibitors and ultimately used for the therapeutic management of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, J. N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
authors.forename: Badar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ul Islam
authors.affiliation: Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohd Shahnawaz
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nasimudeen R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Jabir
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Amjad
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shams
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabrez
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase
keywords: Adenosine
  receptor; Alzheimer's disease; Insulin receptor; N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors