title: Extracellular Vesicles and Autophagy in Osteoarthritis.
abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of chronic joint disease that is characterized by the degeneration and loss of articular cartilage and hyperplasia of the synovium and subchondral bone. There is reasonable knowledge about articular cartilage physiology, biochemistry, and chondrocyte metabolism. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of OA remain unclear and need urgent clarification to guide the early diagnosis and treatment of OA. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-linking particles that are released from cells. In recent decades, several special biological properties have been found in EV, especially in terms of cartilage. Autophagy plays a critical role in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. Likewise, more and more research has gradually focused on the effect of autophagy on chondrocyte proliferation and function in OA. The synthesis and release of EV are closely associated with autophagy. At the same time, both EV and autophagy play a role in OA development. Based on the mechanism of EV and autophagy in OA development, EV may be beneficial in the early diagnosis of OA; on the other hand, the combination of EV and autophagy-related regulatory drugs may provide insight into possible OA therapeutic strategies.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 XinJiannan Road, YingZe District, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Tianyang
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2959-0721
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Mingxue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Jingxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Zhiguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Mingjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Penghao
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4662-9288
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Aiyuan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Shibi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Minimal Invasive Spine Surgery Center, Spine Division of Orthopaedic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Xifeng
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3403-9598
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Shuyun
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3865-4547
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Quanyi
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5542-4079
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D001343:Autophagy / Q000235:genetics*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology