title: Karyotype Diversity and Evolutionary Trends in Armored Catfish Species of the Genus Harttia (Siluriformes: Loricariidae).
abstract: Most species of the genus Harttia inhabits the headwaters of small tributaries, but some species are restricted to the main channel of some rivers. This feature, combined with limited dispersal ability, leads to the formation of small isolated populations with reduced gene flow. Currently, there are 23 taxonomically defined and recognized species, and 17 of these are found in Brazil, distributed in several hydrographic basins. Despite this diversity, few chromosomal data for the species belonging to this genus are found in the literature. Thus, this study analyzed, by classical and molecular cytogenetics methodologies, the chromosomal diversity of this genus, to discuss the processes that are involved in the evolution and karyotype differentiation of the species of the group. Seven species of Harttia were analyzed: H. kronei, H. longipinna, H. gracilis, H. punctata, H. loricariformis, H. torrenticola, and H. carvalhoi. The chromosomal diversity found in these species includes different diploid and fundamental numbers, distinct distribution of several repetitive sequences, the presence of supernumerary chromosomes in H. longipinna and multiple sex chromosome systems of the type XX/XY1Y2in H. carvalhoi and X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y in H. punctata. Lastly, our data highlight the genus Harttia as an excellent model for evolutionary studies.
authors.affiliation: 1 Coordenação do Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná , Santa Helena (PR), Brazil .
authors.forename: Daniel Rodrigues
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.affiliation: 2 Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Ponta Grossa (PR), Brazil .
authors.forename: Marcelo Ricardo
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Vicari
authors.affiliation: 3 Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná , Cascavel (PR), Brazil .
authors.forename: Roberto Laridondo
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Lui
authors.affiliation: 1 Coordenação do Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná , Santa Helena (PR), Brazil .
authors.forename: Josiane Baccarin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Traldi
authors.affiliation: 1 Coordenação do Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná , Santa Helena (PR), Brazil .
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.affiliation: 4 Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , Sorocaba (SP), Brazil .
authors.forename: Juliana de Fátima
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: 1 Coordenação do Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná , Santa Helena (PR), Brazil .
authors.forename: Heleno
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.affiliation: 5 Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo (SP), Brazil .
authors.forename: Osvaldo Takeshi
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Oyakawa
authors.affiliation: 6 Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , São Carlos (SP), Brazil .
authors.forename: Orlando
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Moreira Filho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002397:Catfishes / Q000235:genetics*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D059785:Karyotype; D008297:Male; D012730:Sex Chromosomes; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C519285:Kazn protein, mouse
keywords: chromosomal evolution; fish; fluorescence in situ hybridization; repetitive DNA; ribosomal DNA