title: Miniplate With a Bendable C-Tube Head Allows the Clinician to Alter Biomechanical Advantage in Extremely Complicated Anatomic Structure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This article reports C-tube miniplates as a practical temporary anchorage device choice to treat open bite patients with maxillary sinus pneumatization.
  
  
  METHODS
  The C-tube components are titanium anchor plates and monocortical screws that are basically similar to any other miniplate systems, but it has the unique characteristic of the tube head to be malleable. The manipulation of the head part is easy due to the composition of pure titanium. The I-shaped C-tube with 3 holes and T-shaped C-tube miniplates were placed above the apices of maxillary molars as an absolute anchorage system to intrude the posterior maxilla. The bending of the tube heads assisted in reduction of severe open bite patient with maxillary sinus pneumatization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sinus perforation during placement of skeletal anchorage system weakens stability of the anchorage and further cause complications. Placement of titanium C-tube miniplates allowed reliable skeletal anchorage and avoided maxillary sinus perforation in patients with extreme pneumatizations. Simple bending of C-tube miniplates ensured increased orthodontic intrusion force without having to replace them, and eliminated consequences such as perforation of maxillary sinus, sinusitis, soft tissue irritation, or infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anatomic difficulties in the placement of temporary anchorage device can be easily managed by using the bendable C-tube miniplate. It can serve as a great alternative over miniscrews or regular miniplates with reduced risk of sinus perforation and ability to bend the head portion to control orthodontic vectors and forces.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Orthodontics†Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Nur Serife
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Iskenderoglu
authors.forename: Eui Hwan
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Kyu-Rhim
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Seong-Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008439:Maxillary Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D024343:Open Bite / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014025:Titanium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium