title: Forearm Instability: Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Treatment Options.
abstract: The forearm unit consists of the radius and ulna, a complex and interrelated set of joints (distal radioulnar joint, proximal radioulnar joint) and the soft tissue stabilizers between the 3 bones. Distally, this is represented by the triangular fibrocartilage complex at the wrist, proximally by the annular ligament at the elbow, and in the forearm by the interosseous membrane. Disruptions in any of these structures may lead to forearm instability, with consequences at each of the remaining structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: adams.julie.e@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Julie E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000601:surgery; D005543:Forearm Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008022:Ligaments / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D008566:Membranes / Q000601:surgery*; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D051478:Triangular Fibrocartilage / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D014458:Ulna Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014954:Wrist Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D000092464:Elbow Injuries
keywords: Essex Lopresti; Forearm instability; Galeazzi fracture; Monteggia fracture