title: Converting citrus wastes into value-added products: Economic and environmently friendly approaches.
abstract: Citrus fruits, including oranges, grapefruits, lemons, limes, tangerines, and mandarins, are among the most widely cultivated fruits around the globe. Its production is increasing every year due to rising consumer demand. Citrus-processing industries generate huge amounts of wastes every year, and citrus peel waste alone accounts for almost 50% of the wet fruit mass. Citrus waste is of immense economic value as it contains an abundance of various flavonoids, carotenoids, dietary fiber, sugars, polyphenols, essential oils, and ascorbic acid, as well as considerable amounts of some trace elements. Citrus waste also contains high levels of sugars suitable for fermentation for bioethanol production. However, compounds such as D-limonene must be removed for efficient bioethanol production. The aim of the present article was to review the latest advances in various popular methods of extraction for obtaining value-added products from citrus waste/byproducts and their potential utility as a source of various functional compounds.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kavita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Neelima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mahato
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moo Hwan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yrlee@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yong Rok
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000032:analysis; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077222:Limonene; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis; D018505:Waste Management
chemical_list: D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005419:Flavonoids; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D059808:Polyphenols; D013729:Terpenes; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077222:Limonene; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Citrus waste; Dietary fibers; Enzymes; Extraction methods; Phytochemicals