title: Non-invasive, Focused Ultrasound-Facilitated Gene Delivery for Optogenetics.
abstract: Optogenetics, a widely used technique in neuroscience research, is often limited by its invasive nature of application. Here, we present a noninvasive, ultrasound-based technique to introduce optogenetic channels into the brain by temporarily opening the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We demonstrate the efficiency of the method developed and evaluate the bioactivity of the non-invasively introduced channelrhodopsin channels by performing stimulation in freely behaving mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Shutao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kugelman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buch
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Maria Eleni
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Karakatsani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: S Abid
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hussaini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Duff
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Elisa E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Konofagou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000075402:Channelrhodopsins / Q000235:genetics; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051379:Mice; D062308:Optogenetics / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000075402:Channelrhodopsins