title: Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitors: a patent and scientific literature review (2002-2016).
abstract: Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is an enzyme involved in the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides. To date human IMPDH inhibitors have been approved for prevention of organ transplant rejection and as anti-viral agents. More recently, the use of IMPDH inhibitors for other indications including cancer and pathogenic microorganisms has been pursued. Areas covered: IMPDH inhibitors disclosed primarily in the patent and scientific literature from 2002 to the present are discussed. Several interesting chemotypes that have not been pursued by patent protection are also highlighted. Expert opinion: Progress has been made in the development of IMPDH inhibitors, particularly compounds that are structurally distinct from mycophenolic acid and nucleoside-based inhibitors. However, clinical progression has been hampered primarily by a limited understanding of the enzyme's role in disease pathophysiology. Finally, most of the IMPDH inhibitors developed over the past fourteen years fall within a relatively narrow set of chemotypes. This provides opportunities for expanding IMPDH inhibitor chemical space to further evaluate this class of molecular targets.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA.
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Cuny
authors.affiliation: b Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA.
authors.forename: Chalada
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suebsuwong
authors.affiliation: c Schrödinger, Inc. , Cambridge , MA , USA.
authors.forename: Soumya S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015195:Drug Design; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007168:IMP Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D010330:Patents as Topic
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007168:IMP Dehydrogenase
keywords: Anti-bacterial; IMPDH; anti-protozoan; anti-viral; cancer; inhibitor; inosine-5ʹ-monophosphate dehydrogenase; transplant rejection