title: PNEUMATIC DISPLACEMENT OF LIMITED TRAUMATIC SUBMACULAR HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR: A CASE SERIES.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal gas (perfluoropropane, C3F8)-assisted displacement of submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to recent or old blunt trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  An interventional case series of three patients who presented with SMH after blunt trauma, ranging from 2 days to 2 weeks back. All three patients were treated with an intravitreal injection of 0.3 cc of 100% C3F8 with anterior chamber paracentesis. Strict prone position was advised for 2 weeks with a minimum of 6 to 8 hours per day. Documentation was done with serial recording of corrected distance visual acuity, fundus photographs, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography both before and after intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The follow-up period ranged from 2 weeks to 3 months. All patients showed a significant displacement of SMH with recovery of the normal foveal contour; foveal thinning was noted in 2 cases. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved from counting finger at 1 m to 20/30 in Case 1 and counting finger 3 m to 20/40 in Case 2. In Case 3, the visual acuity remained unchanged from the preoperative 20/60 which could be attributed to the presence of a choroidal rupture in the foveal area that became evident after the displacement of SMH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pneumatic displacement is an effective technique in the management of SMH due to recent or old blunt trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bengaluru, India.
authors.forename: Poornachandra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Balughatta
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kadri
authors.forename: Sherine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Braganza
authors.forename: Chaitra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jayadev
authors.forename: Ruchir A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nakhate
authors.forename: Naresh K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shetty
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005466:Fluorocarbons; C042852:perflutren