title: Effect of novel dietary supplement on metabolismin vitroandin vivo.
abstract: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent and preventable morbidity with multiple behavioral, surgical and pharmacological interventions currently available. Commercial dietary supplements are often advertised to stimulate metabolism and cause rapid weight and/or fat loss, although few well-controlled studies have demonstrated such effects. We describe a commercially available dietary supplement (purportedly containing caffeine, catechins, and other metabolic stimulators) on resting metabolic rate in humans, and on metabolism, mitochondrial content, and related gene expressionin vitro. Human males ingested either a placebo or commercially available supplement (RF) in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over fashion. Metabolic rate, respiratory exchange ratio, and blood pressure were measured hourly for 3 h post-ingestion. To investigate molecular effects, human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD) and mouse myocytes (C2C12) were treated with various doses of RF for various durations. RF enhanced energy expenditure and systolic blood pressure in human males without altering substrate utilization. In myocytes, RF enhanced metabolism, metabolic gene expression, and mitochondrial content suggesting RF may target common energetic pathways which control mitochondrial biogenesis. RF appears to increase metabolism immediately following ingestion, although it is unclear if RF provides benefits beyond those provided by caffeine alone. Additional research is needed to examine safety and efficacy for human weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; Department of Health, Exercise and Sports Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education: Nutrition, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Exercise and Sports Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Ailish C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Exercise and Sports Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Beam
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Gannon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Randi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garcia-Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Exercise and Sports Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Roy M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Biological Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bisoffi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Kristina A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Trujillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education: Nutrition, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Carole A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Conn
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Exercise and Sports Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mermier
keywords: Fat burner; GLUT4, Glucose transporter 4; Mitochondrial biogenesis; NRF-1, Nuclear respiratory factor; Obesity; PGC-1α, Proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α); REE, Resting energy expenditure; RER, Respiratory exchange ratio; Resting energy expenditure; TBP, TATA Binding Protein; TFAM, Mitochondrial transcription factor A; Thermogenic agent