title: Nutritional Practices and Growth in Premature Infants After Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
abstract: The aim of the study was to describe the nutritional provisions received by infants with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and the associated effects on short-term growth.
  
  
  
  Through the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Database, we identified infants born ≤32 weeks' gestation with surgical NEC from 5 regional neonatal intensive care units for 4 years. Excluded infants had isolated intestinal perforation and died <14 days postoperatively. Infants were stratified by their median parenteral protein dose (low [LP] or high [HP] protein) for the first postoperative week. The primary outcome was postoperative weight growth velocity. Growth (weight, length, and head circumference [HC]) was measured and the effects related to protein dose were estimated using multivariable analyses.
  
  
  
  There were 103 infants included; the median parenteral protein dose received was 3.27 g · kg · day (LP: 2.80 g · kg · day; HP: 3.87 g · kg · day). Postoperative weight (11.5 ± 6.5 g · kg · day) and linear growth (0.9 ± 0.2 cm/wk) were similar regardless of dose (P > 0.3 between groups for weight and length). Unadjusted and independent associations were identified with HC changes and HP dose (β = 0.1 cm/wk, P = 0.03) after adjusting for gestational age, the presence of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, short bowel syndrome, blood stream infection, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, small for gestational age, and calorie intake. Eventual nonsurvivors received 18% less protein and 14% fewer calories over the first postoperative month.
  
  
  
  Postoperative protein doses in infants with surgical NEC appear related to increases in HC. The influence of postoperative nutritional support on risk of adverse outcomes deserves further attention.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL†Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri School of Medicine and Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO‡Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH§Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah (RD) and Primary Children's Medical Center, Salt Lake City, MO||Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.
authors.forename: Grace C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Daniel T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Kristina M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Reber
authors.forename: Mohannad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moallem
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DiGeronimo
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mulroy
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: Karna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murthy
mesh_terms: D016208:Databases, Factual; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development*; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions