title: Factors associated with corneal epithelial defects after pars plana vitrectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the risk factors associated with corneal epithelial defects (CED) and delayed healing (exceeding 1 week) following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study enrolled patients who underwent PPV at a single center in Taiwan between 2011 and 2012. Medical records were reviewed, including demographic, underlying disease, surgical indication, operation parameters, and existence of CED. These data were statistically analyzed. All patients were evaluated during follow-ups at day 1 and week 1 after PPV. Patients with persistent CED 1 week after PPV were diagnosed with delayed healing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 255 patients were included in the study, consisting of 139 men and 116 women, with a mean age of 56.9 years. PPV was performed under the indications of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), diabetic retinopathy, or vitreoretinal interface disease. Out of 255 eyes, 59 developed CED 1 day after surgery (23.1%), and CED was associated with younger age, diabetes mellitus (DM), RRD, longer duration of surgery, and silicon oil use during surgery. Among them, seven patients (11.9%) demonstrated delayed healing, which was associated with a higher rate of DM (p = 0.085), compared to patients who healed within 1 week.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with RRD, longer duration of surgery, and DM may be at risk of developing CED after PPV. In addition, patients with DM demonstrated a higher incidence of delayed corneal healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Yu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jong-Jer
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsi-Kung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Chang
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan. curiouscat@adm.cgmh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Yun-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012827:Silicone Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D012827:Silicone Oils
keywords: Corneal epithelial defect; Delayed healing; Vitrectomy