title: Latent class profile of psychiatric symptoms and treatment utilization in a sample of patients with co-occurring disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify symptom-based subgroups within a sample of patients with co-occurring disorders (CODs) and to analyze intersubgroup differences in mental health services utilization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and fifteen patients with COD from an addiction clinic completed the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised. Subgroups were determined using latent class profile analysis. Services utilization data were collected from electronic records during a 3-year span.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The five-class model obtained the best fit (Bayesian information criteria [BIC] = 3,546.95; adjusted BIC = 3,363.14; bootstrapped likelihood ratio test p < 0.0001). Differences between classes were quantitative, and groups were labeled according to severity: mild (26%), mild-moderate (28.8%), moderate (18.6%), moderate-severe (17.2%), and severe (9.3%). A significant time by class interaction was obtained (chi-square [χ2[15]] = 30.05, p = 0.012); mild (χ2[1] = 243.90, p < 0.05), mild-moderate (χ2[1] = 198.03, p < 0.05), and moderate (χ2[1] = 526.77, p < 0.05) classes displayed significantly higher treatment utilization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The classes with more symptom severity (moderate-severe and severe) displayed lower utilization of services across time when compared to participants belonging to less severe groups. However, as pairwise differences in treatment utilization between classes were not significant between every subgroup, future studies should determine whether subgroup membership predicts other treatment outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Ensayos Clínicos en Adicciones y Salud Mental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Villalobos-Gallegos
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Ensayos Clínicos en Adicciones y Salud Mental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marín-Navarrete
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Adicciones y Patología Dual, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebrón-Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Área Temática de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM).|Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Calos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roncero
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Trastornos Adictivos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: González-Cantú
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D063189:Symptom Assessment; D055815:Young Adult