title: A Quantitative Analysis of Brain Soluble Tau and the Tau Secretion Factor.
abstract: Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) represent products of insoluble tau protein in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau level is a biomarker in AD diagnosis. The soluble portion of tau protein in brain parenchyma is presumably the source for CSF tau but this has not previously been quantified. We measured CSF tau and soluble brain tau at autopsy in temporal and frontal brain tissue samples from 7 cognitive normal, 12 mild cognitively impaired, and 19 AD subjects. Based on the measured brain soluble tau, we calculated the whole brain tau load and estimated tau secretion factor. Our results suggest that the increase in NFT in AD is likely attributable to post-translational processes; the increase in CSF tau in AD patients is due to an accelerated carrier-based secretion. Moreover, cognitive dysfunction assessed by final Mini-Mental State Examination scores correlated with the secretion factor but not with the soluble tau.
authors.affiliation: Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.|Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Residency Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Pengcheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Geidy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Beach
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Caselli
authors.affiliation: Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Junxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Ningning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016874:Neurofibrillary Tangles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016875:tau Proteins
keywords: Alzheimer disease; Soluble tau; Tau protein