title: Antigenotoxic and apoptotic activities of essential oil ofAtalantia monophyllaCorrea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study antigenotoxic and apoptotic activities of hydrodistilled essential oil from the leaves ofAtalantia monophyllaCorrea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antigenotoxic activity of essential oil was tested against hydrogen peroxide (100 μM)-induced deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in 3T3-L1 cells. Cervical cancer cell (HeLa) growth inhibitory effect of essential oil was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assay. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (FITC/PI), Hoechst 33258, and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) staining techniques were used to identify apoptosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DNA protecting the activity ofA. monophyllaessential oil was high at 125 μg/mL. HeLa cell growth was inhibited dose-dependently and inhibitory concentration 50% was calculated as 43.08 ± 0.02 μg/mL. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining showed membrane breakage and nuclei staining. Further, Hoechst 33258 and AO/EtBr stain also confirmed the apoptosis in essential oil-treated HeLa cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained suggest thatA. monophyllaessential oil is a promising natural agent which may be used in preparation of herbal medicine to treat cancer and other diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture and Molecular Bioprospection, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Ramaraj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thirugnanasampandan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture and Molecular Bioprospection, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Gunasekar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture and Molecular Bioprospection, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Madusudhanan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gogulramnath
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027821:Rutaceae
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Apoptosis staining; comet assay; cytotoxicity; volatile oil