title: Discovery and characterisation of field resistance to organophosphorus chemicals in a major mite pest, Halotydeus destructor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor) is an agricultural pest in Australia that attacks a wide variety of crops and pasture species. Chemicals remain an important part of control strategies for H. destructor, despite the existence of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in this species. Recent chemical control failures involving a second insecticide class, organophosphates, were investigated using pesticide bioassays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We confirmed, for the first time, resistance to organophosphates in H. destructor, and show that resistance is not confined to a single property, or region. There was no evidence that resistance to organophosphorus chemicals has evolved in Australian states outside of Western Australia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate the strong evolutionary capability of H. destructor and highlight the need for ongoing resistance surveillance within Australia. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Cesar, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Umina
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, South Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Micic
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Land & Water, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Floreat, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Owain
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D004117:Dimethoate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides; D008925:Mites; D010755:Organophosphates
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010755:Organophosphates; C002302:dimethoxon; D004117:Dimethoate
keywords: control failure; insecticide; redlegged earth mite; resistance