title: Allicin protects auditory hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons from cisplatin - Induced apoptosis.
abstract: Cisplatin is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug that is commonly used in the clinic. Ototoxicity is one of the major side effects of this drug, which caused irreversible sensorineural hearing loss. Allicin, the main biologically active compound derived from garlic, has been shown to exert various anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative activities in vitro and in vivo studies. We took advantage of C57 mice intraperitoneally injected with cisplatin alone or with cisplatin and allicin combined, to investigate whether allicin plays a protective role in vivo against cisplatin ototoxicity. The result showed that C57 mice in cisplatin group exhibited increased shift in auditory brainstem response, whereas the auditory fuction of mice in allicin + cisplatin group was protected in most frequencies, which was accordance with observed damages of outer hair cells (OHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the cochlea. Allicin markedly protected SGN mitochondria from damage and releasing cytochrome c, and significantly reduced pro-apoptosis factor expressions activated by cisplatin, including Bax, cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-caspase-3and p53. Furthermore, allicin reduced the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA), but increased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD). All data suggested that allicin could prevent hearing loss induced by cisplatin effectively, of which allicin protected SGNs from apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway while protected OHCs and supporting cells (SCs) from apoptosis through p53 pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Xianmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China; Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yongdong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China; Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China; Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuechen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China; Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Daogong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China; Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China. Electronic address: fanent@126.com.
authors.forename: Zhaomin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004220:Disulfides; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D013136:Spiral Ganglion / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013441:Sulfinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004220:Disulfides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013441:Sulfinic Acids; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C006452:allicin; D045304:Cytochromes c; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Allicin; Apoptosis; Auditory hair cells; Cisplatin; Spiral ganglion neurons