title: The accumulation of vitrified oocytes is a strategy to increase the number of euploid available blastocysts for transfer after preimplantation genetic testing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In a preimplantation genetic diagnosis for aneuploidy (PGD-A) program, the more embryos available for biopsy, consequently increases the chances of obtaining euploid embryos to transfer. The aim was to increase the number of viable euploid blastocysts in patients undergoing PGD-A using fresh oocytes together with previously accumulated vitrified oocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine patients with normal ovarian reserve underwent PGD-A for repeated implantation failure or recurrent pregnancy loss indication. After several cycles of ovarian stimulation, 591 accumulated vitrified oocytes and 463 fresh oocytes were micro-injected with the same partner's semen sample. PGD-A was completed on 134 blastocysts from vitrified/warmed oocytes and 130 blastocysts from fresh oocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A mean of 9.6% euploid blastocyst per micro-injected vitrified/warmed oocytes and 11.4% euploid blastocyst per micro-injected fresh oocyte were obtained (p > 0.05). The euploidy and aneuploidy rates were comparable in blastocysts obtained from micro-injected vitrified/warmed oocytes and fresh oocytes (42.5 versus 40.8% and 57.5 versus 59.2%, p > 0.05). Implantation rates of euploid blastocysts were comparable between the two sources of oocytes (56.0% from vitrified/warmed oocytes versus 60.9% from fresh oocytes, p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oocyte vitrification and warming do not generate aneuploidy in blastocysts. The number of viable euploid embryos for transfer can be increased by using accumulated vitrified oocytes together with fresh oocytes in ICSI.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT02820415 ClinicalTrials.gov.
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy. s.chamayou@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chamayou
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sicali
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmelita
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alecci
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ragolia
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liprino
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nibali
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Storaci
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonietta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cardea
authors.affiliation: Unità di Medicina della Riproduzione-Centro HERA, via Barriera del Bosco n. 51/53, 95030, Sant'Agata Li Battiati, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guglielmino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000782:Aneuploidy; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000378:metabolism; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D009865:Oocytes / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D065851:Ovarian Reserve / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis; D058989:Vitrification
keywords: Aneuploidy; Next generation sequencing; Oocyte vitrification; Preimplantation genetic diagnosis; Preimplantation genetic screening