title: Development and validation of two equations based on anthropometry, estimating body fat for the Greek adult population.
abstract: To validate anthropometric equations in the current literature predicting body fat percentage (%BF) in the Greek population, to develop and validate two anthropometric equations estimating %BF, and to compare them with the retrieved equations.
  
  
  
  Anthropometric data from 642 Greek adults were incorporated. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used as reference method. The comparison with other equations was made using Bland-Altman analysis, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient.
  
  
  
  Nine of the thirty-one retrieved equations had no statistically significant bias. However, all of them had wide limits of agreement (±8.3 to ±16%BF). The equations accrued were: BF% = -0.615-10.948 × sex + 0.321 × waist circumference + 0.502 × hips circumference-0.39 × forearm circumference - 19.768 × height (m) and BF% = -27.787-5.515 × sex-8.419 × height + 0.145 × waist circumference + 0.270 × hips circumference + 7.509 × log of thigh skinfold + 20.090 × log of sum of skinfolds (bicep + tricep + suprailiac + subscapular)-0.445 × forearm circumference. Bland-Altman's reliability analysis showed no significant bias of -0.058 and -0.148%BF and limits of agreement ±8.100 and ±6.056%BF; the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.955 and 0.976; and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient was 0.914 and 0.951, respectively.
  
  
  
  Literature equations performed moderately on this study's population. Therefore, two equations were designed and validated. The first one was simple and easily applicable, with measures obtained from a measuring tape, and the second one more complicated yet more accurate and reliable. Both were found to be reliable for the assessment of body composition in the Greek population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Spyridon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanellakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Efstathios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skoufas
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Vladlena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khudokonenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Eftychia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Apostolidou
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Loukia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gerakiti
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria-Chrysi
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Andrioti
authors.affiliation: Third Pediatric Department, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Evangelia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bountouvi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Yannis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Manios
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult