title: Decreased adipose tissue zinc content is associated with metabolic parameters in high fat fed Wistar rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited data on adipose tissue zinc content in obesity exist. At the same time, the association between adipose tissue zinc content and metabolic parameters in dietary-induced obesity is poorly studied. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to assess adipose tissue zinc content and its association  with morphometric parameters, adipokine spectrum, proinflammatory cytokines, and apolipoprotein profile in high fat fed Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 48 adult female Wistar rats were used in the present study. Rats were fed either control (10% of fat) or high fat diet (31.6% of fat). Adipose tissue zinc content was assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Rats' serum was examined for adiponectin, leptin, insulin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Serum glucose and apolipoprotein spectrum were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High fat feeding resulted in a significant 34% decrease in adipose tissue zinc content in comparison to the control values. Fat pad zinc levels were significantly inversely associated with morphometric parameters, circulating leptin, insulin, tumor necrosis factor-α levels and HOMA-IR values. At the same time,      a significant correlation with apolipoprotein A1 concentration was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Generally, the obtained data indicate that (1) high fat feeding results in decreased adipose tissue zinc content; (2) adipose tissue zinc content is tightly associated with excessive adiposity, inflammation, insulin resistance and potentially atherogenic changes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Russia.|All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow, Russia.|Department of Biochemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tinkov
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Elizaveta V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Popova
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Evgenia R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Gatiatulina
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Anastasia A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Skalnaya
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physicochemical and Ecological Pathophysiology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Elena N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Yakovenko
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physicochemical and Ecological Pathophysiology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Irina B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Alchinova
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physicochemical and Ecological Pathophysiology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Mikhail Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Karganov
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Russia.|All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow, Russia.|Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO Centre for Biotic Medicine, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Anatoly V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Skalny
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexandr A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nikonorov
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010053:Ovary; D015434:Panniculitis / Q000209:etiology*; D010537:Peritoneum; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015032:Zinc
keywords: adipose tissue; endocrine dysfunction; inflammation; obesity; zinc