title: Acral and digital angioleiomyomata: 14-year experience at the Cleveland Clinic and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angioleiomyoma is a benign neoplasm thought to derive from the tunica media of small venous vessels. Angioleiomyomata most frequently occur in the lower extremities with less common occurrences on the trunk, head and upper extremities. Few cases of acral and digital angioleiomyoma have been described in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  We add a series of 21 patients with acral angioleiomyoma including 6 cases of digital angioleiomyoma to the body of clinical and histological findings along with a review of the literature of digital angioleiomyomata.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Digital angioleiomyoma are equally distributed between male and female patients and are more often painful than the angioleiomyoma of all body sites. Acral angioleiomyomata favor the feet over hands at a ratio of 2.5:1, while digital angioleiomyoma favor the fingers over toes at a ratio of 4.3:1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that vascular leiomyoma be included in the differential diagnosis of smooth muscle tumors with particular regard to the digits of both the hands and the feet. Digital angioleiomyomata differ from acral angioleiomyomata in their equal gender distribution, increased tendency to cause pain and preponderance for the fingers over the toes.
authors.affiliation: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Margaret I
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6254-0956
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.affiliation: Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Miner
authors.affiliation: Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Melissa P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Piliang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018229:Angiomyoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
keywords: angioleiomyoma; finger; foot; hand; vascular tumor