title: Impact of Glycosidic Bond Configuration on Short Chain Fatty Acid Production from Model Fermentable Carbohydrates by the Human Gut Microbiota.
abstract: Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are the major products of carbohydrate fermentation by gut bacteria. Different carbohydrates are associated with characteristic SCFA profiles although the mechanisms are unclear. The individual SCFA profile may determine any resultant health benefits. Understanding determinants of individual SCFA production would enable substrate choice to be tailored for colonic SCFA manipulation. To test the hypothesis that the orientation and position of the glycosidic bond is a determinant of SCFA production profile, a miniaturized in vitro human colonic batch fermentation model was used to study a range of isomeric glucose disaccharides. Diglucose α(1-1) fermentation led to significantly higher butyrate production (p< 0.01) and a lower proportion of acetate (p< 0.01) compared with other α bonded diglucoses. Diglucose β(1-4) also led to significantly higher butyrate production (p< 0.05) and significantly increased the proportions of propionate and butyrate compared with diglucose α(1-4) (p< 0.05). There was no significant effect of glycosidic bond configuration on absolute propionate production. Despite some differences in the SCFA production of different glucose disaccharides, there was no clear relationship between SCFA production and bond configuration, suggesting that other factors may be responsible for promoting selective SCFA production by the gut microbiota from different carbohydrates.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK. hannahcharris1@gmail.com.|Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G75 0QF, UK. hannahcharris1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hannah C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK. Christine.Edwards@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.affiliation: Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G75 0QF, UK. douglas.morrison@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Douglas J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Morrison
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D002087:Butyrates / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006027:Glycosides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D002087:Butyrates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004187:Disaccharides; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D006027:Glycosides; D011422:Propionates
keywords: colonic fermentation; glycosidic bond; gut microbiota; non-digestible carbohydrates; short chain fatty acids