title: Effect of inversion time on the precision of myocardial late gadolinium enhancement quantification evaluated with synthetic inversion recovery MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of inversion time (TI) on the precision of myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) quantification using synthetic inversion recovery (IR) imaging in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three patients with suspected prior MI underwent 1.5-T cardiac MRI with conventional magnitude (MagIR) and phase-sensitive IR (PSIR) LGE imaging and T1 mapping at 15 min post-contrast. T1-based synthetic MagIR and PSIR images were calculated with a TI ranging from -100 to +150 ms at 5-ms intervals relative to the optimal TI (TI0). LGE was quantified using a five standard deviation (5SD) and full width at half-maximum (FWHM) thresholds. Measurements were compared using one-way analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MagIRsytechnique provided precise assessment of LGE area at TIs ≥ TI0, while precision was decreased below TI0. The LGE area showed significant differences at ≤ -25 ms compared to TI0using 5SD (P < 0.001) and at ≤ -65 ms using the FWHM approach (P < 0.001). LGE measurements did not show significant difference over the analysed TI range in the PSIRsyimages using either of the quantification methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T1 map-based PSIRsyimages provide precise quantification of MI independent of TI at the investigated time point post-contrast. MagIRsy-based MI quantification is precise at TI0and at longer TIs while showing decreased precision at TI values below TI0.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Synthetic IR imaging retrospectively generates LGE images at any theoretical TI • Synthetic IR imaging can simulate the effect of TI on LGE quantification • Fifteen minutes post-contrast MagIRsyaccurately quantifies infarcts from TI0to TI0+ 150 ms • Fifteen minutes post-contrast PSIRsyprovides precise infarct size independent of TI • Synthetic IR imaging has further advantages in reducing operator dependence.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.
authors.forename: Akos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varga-Szemes
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rob J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van der Geest
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA. schoepf@musc.edu.
authors.forename: U Joseph
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6164-5641
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Schoepf
authors.affiliation: Siemens Medical Solutions, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Spottiswoode
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.
authors.forename: Carlo N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: De Cecco
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.|Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muscogiuri
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.|Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Julian L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wichmann
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.|Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mangold
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.affiliation: MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Pal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maurovich-Horvat
authors.affiliation: MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Bela
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Merkely
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Sheldon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Litwin
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.|Center for Medical Imaging-North East Netherlands, Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rozemarijn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vliegenthart
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.
authors.forename: Pal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Suranyi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium
keywords: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Late gadolinium enhancement; Myocardial infarct; Synthetic inversion recovery; T1 mapping