title: Comparative study on the osseointegration of implants in dog mandibles according to the implant surface treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the impact of implant surface treatment on the stability and osseointegration of implants in dog mandibles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six adult dogs received a total of 48 implants that were prepared using four different surface treatments; resorbable blast media (RBM), hydroxyapatite (HA), hydrothermal-treated HA, and sand blasting and acid etching (SLA). Implants were installed, and dogs were separated into 2- and 4-week groups. Implant stability was evaluated via Periotest M, Osstell Mentor, and removal torque analyzers. A histomorphometric analysis was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The stability evaluation showed that all groups generally had satisfactory values. The histomorphometric evaluation via a light microscope revealed that the HA surface implant group had the highest ratio of new bone formation on the entire fixture. The hydrothermal-treated HA surface implant group showed a high ratio of bone-to-implant contact in the upper half of the implant area.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hydrothermal-treated HA implant improved the bone-to-implant contact ratio on the upper fixture, which increased the implant stability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Wook-Jae
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0307-1595
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Gwan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0424-9984
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Su
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8369-5025
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Seek
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7638-9583
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Section of Dentistry, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-In
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8922-0290
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Chul
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6179-691X
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Hygiene, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Ae
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1242-7859
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jeong
keywords: Dental implants; Osseointegration