title: Suppressed decomposition of organometal halide perovskites by impermeable electron-extraction layers in inverted solar cells.
abstract: The area of thin-film photovoltaics has been overwhelmed by organometal halide perovskites. Unfortunately, serious stability concerns arise with perovskite solar cells. For example, methyl-ammonium lead iodide is known to decompose in the presence of water and, more severely, even under inert conditions at elevated temperatures. Here, we demonstrate inverted perovskite solar cells, in which the decomposition of the perovskite is significantly mitigated even at elevated temperatures. Specifically, we introduce a bilayered electron-extraction interlayer consisting of aluminium-doped zinc oxide and tin oxide. We evidence tin oxide grown by atomic layer deposition does form an outstandingly dense gas permeation barrier that effectively hinders the ingress of moisture towards the perovskite and-more importantly-it prevents the egress of decomposition products of the perovskite. Thereby, the overall decomposition of the perovskite is significantly suppressed, leading to an outstanding device stability.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Brinkmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.|College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pourdavoud
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.|College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Luxemburger Straße 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olthof
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Luxemburger Straße 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meerholz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gahlmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heiderhoff
authors.affiliation: Nanograde AG, Laubisrütistrasse 50, 8712 Stäfa, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Oszajca
authors.affiliation: Nanograde AG, Laubisrütistrasse 50, 8712 Stäfa, Switzerland.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Luechinger
authors.affiliation: Ruhr-Universität Bochum, RUBION, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rogalla
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Riedl