title: IL-37 Confers Protection against Mycobacterial Infection Involving Suppressing Inflammation and Modulating T Cell Activation.
abstract: Interleukin-37 (IL-37), a novel member of the IL-1 family, plays fundamental immunosuppressive roles by broadly reducing both innate inflammation and acquired immunity, but whether it is involved in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB) has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis demonstrated an association of the genetic variant rs3811047 of IL-37 with TB susceptibility. In line with previous report, a significant elevated IL-37 abundance in the sera and increased expression of IL-37 protein in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were observed in TB patients in comparison to healthy controls. Moreover, release of IL-37 were detected in either macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) or the lung of BCG-infected mice, concurrent with reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α. Furthermore, in contrast to wild-type mice, BCG-infected IL-37-Tg mice manifested with reduced mycobacterial burden and tissue damage in the lung, accompanied by higher frequency of Th1 cell and less frequencies of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells in the spleen. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that IL-37 conferred resistance to Mtb infection possibly involving suppressing detrimental inflammation and modulating T cell responses. These findings implicated that IL-37 may be employed as a new molecular target for the therapy and diagnosis of TB.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Haipeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.|Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ruijuan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of TB, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jianxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wenxia
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Siyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Baoxue
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000662:veterinary; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: C508587:IL37 protein, human; D007375:Interleukin-1