title: Transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects: has fear of device erosion altered outcomes?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transcatheter device closure has become the established standard of care for suitable atrial septal defects. Device erosion has been a recent focus and has prompted changes in the Instructions for Users documentation released by device companies. We reviewed our entire local experience with atrial septal defect device closure, focussing on the evolution of this procedure in our centre and particularly on complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We carried out a retrospective review of 581 consecutive patients undergoing attempted transcatheter device closure of an atrial septal defect in Auckland from December 1997 to June 2014. We reviewed all complications recorded and compared our outcomes with the current literature. We sought to understand the impact of the evolution in recommendations and clinical practice on patient outcomes in our programme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were a total of 24 complications (4.1%), including 10 device embolisations (1.7%), nine arrhythmias (1.5%), two significant vascular access-related complications (0.3%), one device erosion (0.2%), one malposed device (0.2%), and one probable wire perforation of the left atrial appendage (0.2%). There was one mortality related to device embolisation. All device embolisations occurred following the change in Instructions for Users after publication of the first device erosion report in 2004. This increase in embolisation rate was statistically significant (p-value 0.015).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our series, the incidence of device embolisation was higher than that anticipated, with a significant increase following changes to the Instructions for Users. This highlights the need for ongoing data collection on complication incidence and for ongoing review of the impact of changes in clinical practice on complication rates.
authors.affiliation: 1Green Lane Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Services,Starship Children's Hospital,Auckland,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mitchelson
authors.affiliation: 1Green Lane Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Services,Starship Children's Hospital,Auckland,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.affiliation: 2Green Lane Cardiovascular Service,Auckland City Hospital,Auckland,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruygrok
authors.affiliation: 1Green Lane Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Services,Starship Children's Hospital,Auckland,New Zealand.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: 1Green Lane Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Services,Starship Children's Hospital,Auckland,New Zealand.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stirling
authors.affiliation: 1Green Lane Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Services,Starship Children's Hospital,Auckland,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055989:Septal Occluder Device / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: ASD device closure; Atrial septal defect; complications; embolisation