title: Cord blood and child plasma adiponectin levels in relation to childhood obesity risk and fat distribution up to 5 y.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few human studies have explored the role of adiponectin in early life on growth and adipose tissue development.
  
  
  METHODS
  High molecular weight (HMW) and total adiponectin levels from 141 cord blood samples and plasma blood samples from 40 3-y-old children were analyzed. Associations between adiponectin levels in cord blood and child plasma, and infant/child growth and fat mass measurements up to the age of 5 y were assessed using linear regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HMW cord blood adiponectin was positively associated with weight, BMI percentiles, and lean body mass at birth only. At 3 and 4 y, positive associations were found with cord blood adiponectin and sum of four skinfold thickness measures and percentage of body fat following adjustment for maternal and child covariates, but did not persist at 5 y. There was no significant evidence of an association between child plasma HMW adiponectin and growth or body composition characteristics at 3-5 y.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results do not support the hypothesis that HMW cord blood adiponectin is a useful biomarker for the prediction of adiposity at the age of 5 y. Additionally, there is no evidence that plasma HMW adiponectin levels predict body fat distribution between 3-5 y.
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Dorothy M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brei
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stecher
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, and Forschergruppe Diabetes, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Much
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.affiliation: From the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.|ZIEL - Institute for Food and Health, Nutritional Medicine Unit, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hauner
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D050154:Adiposity; D000367:Age Factors; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers