title: Single-sided deafness affects language and auditory development - a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine auditory, linguistic and cognitive outcomes of children with single-sided deafness (SSD). An increasing body of research suggests that children with SSD lag behind with respect to their normal hearing (NH) peers. In this study, we tap into certain developmental skills.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one children with SSD between 5 and 15 years of age participated. Per child with SSD, two NH control children were matched on age and gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  Morphology, syntax and vocabulary were examined, and performance was assessed in depth by focusing on subskills and type of errors made. Furthermore, tests of short-term and working memory were conducted, and aspects of hearing disability were assessed by means of the speech spatial and qualities of hearing questionnaire (SSQ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The children with SSD lagged behind in their scores on the three language tests and showed some differences to the NH group concerning type of errors and difficulty of the several subskills. Furthermore, scores on the SSQ indicated that in daily life, the children with SSD experience problems in spatial hearing and in understanding speech in noisy situations and that the effort they have to put into listening and in understanding speech is considerably greater than in NH children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed differences between children with SSD and NH children on several language skills and on auditory behaviour. Possibly, early intervention could prevent such language difficulties and minimise problems with spatial hearing and speech understanding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology (ExpORL), KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-1387
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sangen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Royackers
authors.affiliation: Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Desloovere
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology (ExpORL), KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wouters
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology (ExpORL), KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Wieringen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001307:Auditory Perception; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003071:Cognition; D003638:Deafness / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D046088:Hearing Loss, Unilateral / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory