title: Fecal microbial transplantation as a therapeutic option in patients colonized with antibiotic resistant organisms.
abstract: Despite increasing interest in fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), its full therapeutic potential has yet to be determined. Since its increase in popularity, FMT has been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of both Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and its recurrent form. Interest in FMT now expands well beyond the treatment of CDI to other processes with known associations to the microbiota such as antibiotic resistant infections, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), hepatic encephalopathy, neuropsychiatric disorders, and metabolic disease. The rampant use and misuse of antibiotics in both medicine and agriculture has resulted in an increase in antibiotic resistant organisms which pose a significant risk to human health. The purpose of this commentary is to address the general issue of antibiotic resistance in the human microbiota and the restorative potential of FMT in this area.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine, CEGIIR: Center of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laffin
authors.affiliation: b Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta.
authors.forename: Braden
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Millan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine, CEGIIR: Center of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta.
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Madsen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000628:therapy; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D000069467:Fecal Microbiota Transplantation / Q000639:trends*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Clostridium difficile; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Intestinal microbiome; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; resistome