title: Correlation between acute toxicity for Daphnia magna, Aliivibrio fischeri and physicochemical variables of the leachate produced in landfill simulator reactors.
abstract: Due to the diversified nature of municipal solid waste and the different stages of its decomposition, the formed leachates result in a complex chemical mixture with toxic potential. These chemicals can cause environmental problems, such as the contamination of surface or groundwater, thus affecting the balance of aquatic ecosystems. The aim of our study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of leachates in Daphnia magna and Aliivibrio fischeri and to identify the main physicochemical variables that influence the toxicity of the landfill leachates produced in reactors within pilot simulations. Acute toxicity tests carried out on D. magna and A. fischeri showed that the leachates produced inside the reactors are highly toxic, presenting EC5048h< 1% for D. magna and EC5015min< 12% for A. fischeri. This result indicates that microcrustaceans are more sensitive to leachates, making them more suitable to our study. Pb showed the highest correlation with EC5048h, suggesting that Pb is the main chemical variable indicative of toxicity for the conditions of the experiment. In smaller scale, phosphate (PO43-) and nitrate (NO3-) were the macronutrients that most influenced the toxicity. Clearly, this correlation should be viewed with caution because the synergistic effects of this complex mixture are difficult to observe.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC , Florianópolis , Brazil.
authors.forename: José J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Barrios Restrepo
authors.affiliation: b Instituto Federal Catarinense - IFC, Campus Camboriú , Camboriú , Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flohr
authors.affiliation: c Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR , Pontal do Paraná , Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia P
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2089-4673
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Melegari
authors.affiliation: a Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC , Florianópolis , Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristina H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: d Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul - UFFS, Campus Erechim , Erechim , Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiane F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Fuzinatto
authors.affiliation: e Laboratório de Pesquisas em Resíduos Sólidos, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC , Florianópolis , Brazil.
authors.forename: Armando B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: de Castilhos
authors.affiliation: a Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC , Florianópolis , Brazil.
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Matias
mesh_terms: D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects*; D062611:Solid Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D062611:Solid Waste; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Alliivibrio fischeri; Daphnia magna; Municipal solid waste; raw leachate; toxicity