title: Muscle complex saving posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) published by DeVries and Peña in 1982 had become the preferred surgical technique for the management of anorectal malformations (ARM). The original technique is based upon complete exposure of the anorectal region by means of a median sagittal incision that runs from the sacrum to the anal dimple, cutting through all muscle structures behind the rectum by dividing the levator muscle and the muscle complex. Then, the rectum is located in front of the levator and within the limits of the muscle complex. In this review, we described Muscle Complex Saving-Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty (MCS-PSARP), which is a less invasive technique that consists of keeping this funnel-shaped muscle complex completely intact and not divided, and pulling the rectum through this funnel, toward fixing the new anus to the skin. This technique aimed both to respect the lower part of the sphincter mechanism consisting of the muscle complex, and to avoid the disturbance of this important structure by dividing and resuturing it.
  
  
  METHODS
  We presented six cases of male patients who were born with anorectal malformation (ARM) and underwent MCS-PSARP. The surgical technique proved to be feasible to achieve the dissection of the rectal pouch and the division of the rectourethral fistula in all patients, by opening only the upper part of the sphincter mechanism, the levator muscle, and keeping the lower part consisting of intact muscle complex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The early results in our series are encouraging; however, long-term functional outcomes of these patients are awaited. The surgical tips were also discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This proposed approach in the management of anorectal malformation cases provides an opportunity to maximize preservation of the existing continence mechanisms. It preserves the muscle complex components of the levator muscle intact, allowing a better function of the continence mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Maternity and Children Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia 21955, P. O Box 13255. Electronic address: maher_zaiem@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Maher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaiem
authors.affiliation: Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: zaiem.feras@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Feras
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zaiem
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000601:surgery*; D000071056:Anorectal Malformations / Q000601:surgery*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Anorectal malformation; Modified PSARP; Muscle complex saving PSARP; PSARP; Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty