title: Detecting Electric Dipoles Interaction at the Interface of Ferroelectric and Electrolyte Using Graphene Field Effect Transistors.
abstract: Graphene was inserted into the interface between electric dipole layers from DEME-TFSI ionic liquid (top-gate) and ferroelectric Pb0.92La0.08Zr0.52Ti0.48O3(PLZT, back-gate) to probe the interface dipole-dipole interaction in response to DC and pulsed gate voltages. A highly complicated behavior of the interface dipole-dipole interaction has been revealed as a combination of electrostatic and electrochemical effects. The interfacial polar molecules in the DEME-TFSI electrical double layer are pinned with assistance from the PLZT back-gate in response to a DC top-gate pump, leading to strong nonlinear electrochemical behavior. In contrast, depinning of these molecules can be facilitated by a faster pulsed top-gate pump, which results in a characteristic linear electrostatic behavior. This result not only sheds light on the dynamic dipole-dipole interactions on the interface between functional materials but also prototypes a unique pump and probe approach using graphene field effect transistors to detect the interface dipole-dipole interaction.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Shannxi 710049, P. R. China.|Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States.
authors.forename: Chunrui
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7824-7930
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States.
authors.forename: Rongtao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Guangliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Jinsheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-9659
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3689-8946
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: dipole interaction; electrochemical effect; ferroelectric thin film; graphene; ionic liquid