title: Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Patients with Inguinal Hernia.
abstract: The aim of this prospective study is to investigate if there is a relationship between inguinal hernia, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs).
  
  
  
  This case control study was performed on patients admitted to the general surgery department of Erzincan University Hospital. Four groups were created: control, indirect hernia, direct hernia, and bilateral hernia. All groups were comprised of 11 patients. Serum and tissue levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, and hydroxyproline were evaluated.
  
  
  
  MMPs values were significantly high at hernia groups, especially at bilateral hernia group (p < 0.05), whereas TIMPs values were significantly low at bilateral hernia group (p < 0.05). MMPs values were increasing at hernia groups in an order as control, indirect, direct, and bilateral. TIMPs values were decreasing at hernia groups in an order as control, indirect, direct, and bilateral.
  
  
  
  Increased levels of MMP-1-2-9-13 and decreased levels of TIMP-1-2-3 may have played role in the formation of inguinal hernia. Hernia is not only a local defect, but a reflection of systemic disease. This is even more significant for bilateral hernias.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey. kararda@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Arda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Isik
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cebrail
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gursul
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peker
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.
authors.forename: Merve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aydın
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fırat
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.
authors.forename: İsmayil
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D006909:Hydroxyproline