title: The effect of Elettaria cardamomum extract on anxiety-like behavior in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder.
abstract: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric condition which develops in 6-8% of the general population. Current standard pharmacological treatments for PTSD cannot be widely used due to having various side effects. Nowadays, various pharmacological properties have been related to Elettaria cardamomum L. (family of Zingiberaceae). The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of E. cardamomum methanolic extract on anxiety-like behavior in a rat model of PTSD. Adult male Wistar rats (200-250gr) were used in this study. The rats underwent single prolonged stress (SPS) or control and intraperitoneally received either saline or different dosages (200, 400, and 800mg/kg) of E. cardamomum methanolic extract before and after stress sessions. Moreover, open field, elevated plus-maze, and rotarod tests were used to evaluate locomotion and anxiety-like behavior in the rats. Findings demonstrated that E. Cardamomum methanolic extract, particularly at the dose of 400mg/kg, significantly (P<0.05) improved anxiety-like behavior in a rat model of PTSD, as examined by the open field, elevated plus-maze, and rotarod tests. Administration of E. cardamomum methanolic extract after stress might help to prevent the formation of anxiety-like behavior in the animals. However, further studies are requiredto clarify the exact mechanisms involved.
authors.affiliation: Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Yaser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masoumi-Ardakani
authors.affiliation: Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mahmoudvand
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman Univerity of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Khadijeh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Esmaeilpour
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman Univerity of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghazvini
authors.affiliation: Medical Genomics Research Center and School of Advanced, Sciences in Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Solmaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khalifeh
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Electronic address: gsepehri@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sepehri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D028523:Elettaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Anxiety-like behavior; E. cardamomum; PTSD; Rats