title: HIV-associated sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis - an emerging threat?
abstract: Earlier age of measles virus infection predisposes to development of sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and this risk is heightened in HIV-infected children. We describe a HIV-infected young adult on antiretroviral therapy, presenting with a non-classical, fulminant form of SSPE to highlight the unpredictable nature of measles presentation. The recent spate of measles outbreaks due to virus introduction in populations with sub-optimal vaccine coverage or waning immunity and co-existing paediatric HIV cohorts is a cause for concern.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Abi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manesh
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Mahesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moorthy
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Rini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bandopadhyay
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Priscilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rupali
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004569:Electroencephalography; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000150:complications*; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013344:Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D002998:Clonazepam; D014635:Valproic Acid
keywords: Sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis; fulminant sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis; human immunodeficiency virus; rapid cognitive decline in HIV