title: Annona glabraFlavonoids Act As Antimicrobials by Binding toPseudomonas aeruginosaCell Walls.
abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosais an important pathogen in opportunistic infections in humans. The increased incidence of antimicrobial-resistantP. aeruginosaisolates has highlighted the need for novel and more potent therapies against this microorganism.Annona glabrais known for presenting different compounds with diverse biological activities, such as anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities. Although other species of the family display antimicrobial actions, this has not yet been reported forA. glabra. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) obtained from the leaf hydroalcoholic extract ofA. glabra. EAF was bactericidal against different strains ofP. aeruginosa. EAF also presented with a time- and concentration-dependent effect onP. aeruginosaviability. Testing of different EAF sub-fractions showed that the sub-fraction 32-33 (SF32-33) was the most effective againstP. aeruginosa. Analysis of the chemical constituents of SF32-33 demonstrated a high content of flavonoids. Incubation of this active sub-fraction withP. aeruginosaATCC 27983 triggered an endothermic reaction, which was accompanied by an increased electric charge, suggesting a high binding of SF32-33 compounds to bacterial cell walls. Collectively, our results suggest thatA. glabra-derived compounds, especially flavonoids, may be useful for treating infections caused byP. aeruginosa.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade CEUMA São Luís, Brazil.
authors.forename: Stanley de S L
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Galvão
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade CEUMA São Luís, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea de S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ezequias P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade CEUMA São Luís, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Rosa Q
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bomfim
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcus Vinícius
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Dias-Souza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fármacia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriella F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fármacia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares Brazil.
authors.forename: Angelo Márcio L
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Denadai
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fármacia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares Brazil.
authors.forename: Áquila R C
authors.initials: ÁR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lúcia Dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte , Brazil.
authors.forename: Elaine M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: de Souza-Fagundes
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade CEUMA São Luís, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elizabeth S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade CEUMASão Luís, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São LuísBrazil.
authors.forename: Valério
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Monteiro-Neto
keywords: Annona glabra Pseudomonas aeruginosa; antimicrobial activity; flavonoids