title: Adiponectin and leptin gene polymorphisms in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the glucose intolerance occurring during pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM is increased in obese women. Leptin and adiponectin are adipokines that play an important role in the regulation of insulin secretion and glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the association between adiponectin and leptin gene polymorphisms and the development of GDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study included 204 pregnant women with GDM and 207 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The diagnosis of GDM was based on a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks' gestation. To discriminate the ADIPOQ rs266729, rs1501299 and LEP rs2167270 alleles, TaqMan® Pre-Designed SNP Genotyping Assays were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant association between the ADIPOQ rs266729 gene polymorphism and GDM. Among women with GDM, a higher prevalence of the G allele was observed (GG and CG genotypes). Multivariate logistic regression analysis, taking into account age, BMI before pregnancy, past pregnancies and the ADIPOQ rs266729 gene polymorphism, revealed that the presence of a G allele is an independent risk factor for GDM. Moreover, there was the association between the LEP rs2167270 polymorphism and the requirement for daily insulin, which was significantly higher in women with the A allele (AA and GA genotypes).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study suggest an association between adiponectin gene rs266729 as well as leptin gene rs2167270 polymorphisms and GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland. pawand@poczta.onet.pl.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pawlik
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, County Hospital, Zielona Gora, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Teler
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maciejewska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawczuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Safranow
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Violetta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dziedziejko
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000235:genetics; D020738:Leptin / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin
keywords: Adiponectin; Gestational diabetes; Leptin; Polymorphism