title: Endoscopic ear surgery: a hot topic?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarise published research investigating maximal temperatures associated with endoscopes used in otology. Possible thermal issues surrounding the use of endoscopes in middle-ear surgery are discussed, and recommendations regarding the safest ways to use endoscopes in endoscopic ear surgery are made.
  
  
  METHODS
  A non-systematic review of the relevant literature was conducted, with descriptive analysis and presentation of the results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There are currently no reports of any temperature-related deleterious effects in patients having undergone endoscopic ear surgery. There is debate regarding heat issues in endoscopic ear surgery, with a limited body of work documenting potential negative impacts of middle-ear heat exposure from endoscopes. The diameter of endoscope, type of light source used, distance from endoscope tip and duration of exposure are highlighted potential factors for high temperatures in endoscopic ear surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a trend towards endoscopes being used routinely in ear surgery. Simple practice points are recommended to minimise potential thermal risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology,Queen Elizabeth Hospital,University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology,Queen Elizabeth Hospital,University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coulson
mesh_terms: D002056:Burns / Q000209:etiology*; D019723:Endoscopes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D013506:Otologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Endoscopes; Endoscopic Surgical Procedures; Inner Ear; Middle Ear; Otologic Surgical Procedures; Temperature