title: In Vivo Efficacy of Latex from Calotropis procera in Ameliorating Fever-Biochemical Characteristics and Plausible Mechanism.
abstract: Calotropis procera latex fractions possessing anti-inflammatory property were characterized for their biochemical properties, compared for their efficacy in ameliorating fever in rats and their mechanism of action was elucidated. Aqueous fraction and methanol extract (AqDL and MeDL) were derived from the dried latex (DL) and proteins were separated from the fresh latex (LP). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis carried out under denaturing conditions showed the presence of proteins with some similarity in LP and AqDL and both of these fractions exhibited proteinase activity by gelatin zymography. A further analysis revealed that only the LP fraction possesses cysteine proteinase activity. Oral administration of both AqDL and MeDL produced a dose-dependent reduction in body temperature in rats where fever was induced by yeast and their effect was comparable to that of standard drug paracetamol while intravenous administration of LP was not so effective. Both AqDL and MeDL produced a significant reduction in the levels of TNF-α, PGE2, and immunoreactivity of COX-2 in the hypothalamus as compared to yeast control group. This study shows that both AqDL and MeDL, the orally effective anti-inflammatory fractions of latex, have therapeutic potential in treating various febrile conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India. kumarvl98@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Vijay L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guruprasad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
authors.forename: Syed Meraj A
authors.initials: SMA
authors.lastname: Fatmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Porangabu, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60430-270, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nylane Maria Nunes
authors.initials: NMN
authors.lastname: Alencar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Campus Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, CEP 52171-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Vitor Moreira
authors.initials: JVM
authors.lastname: Lima-Filho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Cx. Postal 6033, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60451-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcio Viana
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Ramos
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031107:Calotropis / Q000737:chemistry*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005334:Fever / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007840:Latex / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007840:Latex; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C489691:Ptgs2 protein, rat; D015232:Dinoprostone
keywords: Calotropis procera; Cox-2; Fever; Hypothalamus; Latex; Proteinases