title: Brain ventriculomegaly in Down syndrome mice is caused by Pcp4 dose-dependent cilia dysfunction.
abstract: Down syndrome is a leading cause of congenital intellectual disability caused by an additional copy of the chromosome 21. Patients display physiological and morphological changes affecting the brain and its function. Previously we showed that Ts1Cje and Ts2Cje, Down syndrome mouse models carrying overlapping trisomic segments of different length, show similar ventriculomegaly and neurogenesis dysfunction leading to the hypothesis of a cause-consequence relationship between these phenotypes. However, we here discovered that Ts1Rhr Down syndrome model, carrying an even shorter trisomic segment, was sufficient to trigger ventricular enlargement and ependymal cilia beating deficiency without affecting neurogenesis. We further found that Pcp4 gene on the Ts1Rhr trisomic segment is expressed in ependymal cells, and its resumption to two copies rescued both ventricular enlargement and cilia dysfunction in Ts1Rhr mice. This work underlines a Pcp4-dependent ciliopathy in Down syndrome brain affecting cerebrospinal fluid flow.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN, Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raveau
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakahari
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN, Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asada
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN, Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.|Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN, Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN, Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimohata
authors.affiliation: Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sago
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN, Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21; D002923:Cilia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D055495:Neurogenesis; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C489091:Pcp4 protein, mouse