title: In Vivo Assessment of Immunogenicity and Toxicity of the Bacteriocin TSU4 in BALB/c Mice.
abstract: Bacteriocin TSU4 is a novel antimicrobial peptide isolated from Catla catla gut isolate Lactobacillus animalis TSU4. It has been reported for its potential antimicrobial activity against fish pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. In vivo safety evaluation is necessary to determine its immunogenicity, toxicity, and importance in real-life applications. The present study was designed to evaluate the immunogenicity, acute and sub-chronic toxicity of bacteriocin TSU4 in BALB/c mice to ensure its safety in industrial application. Male BALB/c mice were administered intraperitoneally for immunogenicity assessment, by oral gavage with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/body weight for acute test and 0.5 mg/kg/day dose of bacteriocin TSU4 for sub-chronic toxicity test. Neither mortality nor any infections were observed during experimental period. There was no major increase in antibody titer during the immunogenicity test, and no mortality was observed during acute or sub-chronic toxicity tests. The LD50value of bacteriocin TSU4 was found to be higher than 200 ± 0.45 mg/kg. No significant change in the serum biochemical markers, histopathological analysis and visual observation in spleen sizes was observed. These findings revealed that bacteriocin TSU4 is a non-immunogenic, safe, non-toxic, and could be a potential candidate for industrial applications in food preservation and aquaculture industries.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyotivihar, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768019, India.
authors.forename: Tapasa Kumar
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.|Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, 4645, 2nd Avenue, Research-3, Suite-3400 B, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
authors.forename: Prasant Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Jena
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.
authors.forename: Bhumika
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Prajapati
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.
authors.forename: Laxita
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gehlot
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyotivihar, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768019, India. amiya_gene@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Amiya Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India. Sriram.seshadri@nirmauni.ac.in.
authors.forename: Sriram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seshadri
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000737:chemistry; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic; D014508:Urea / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins; D015415:Biomarkers; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: Acute toxicity; Antimicrobial peptide; Immunogenicity; In vivo safety study; Sub-chronic toxicity