title: A NovelIn VitroSystem for Comparative Analyses of Bone Cells and Bacteria under Electrical Stimulation.
abstract: Electrical stimulation is a promising approach to enhance bone regeneration while having potential to inhibit bacterial growth. To investigate effects of alternating electric field stimulation on both human osteoblasts and bacteria, a novelin vitrosystem was designed. Electric field distribution was simulated numerically and proved by experimental validation. Cells were stimulated on Ti6Al4V electrodes and in short distance to electrodes. Bacterial growth was enumerated in supernatant and on the electrode surface and biofilm formation was quantified. Electrical stimulation modulated gene expression of osteoblastic differentiation markers in a voltage-dependent manner, resulting in significantly enhanced osteocalcin mRNA synthesis rate on electrodes after stimulation with 1.4VRMS. While collagen type I synthesis increased when stimulated with 0.2VRMS, it decreased after stimulation with 1.4VRMS. Only slight and infrequent influence on bacterial growth was observed following stimulations with 0.2VRMSand 1.4VRMSafter 48 and 72 h, respectively. In summary this novel test system is applicable for extendedin vitrostudies concerning definition of appropriate stimulation parameters for bone cell growth and differentiation, bacterial growth suppression, and investigation of general effects of electrical stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas Josef
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9136-4915
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Dauben
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Josefin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6145-3738
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ziebart
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6347-1254
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bender
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zaatreh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kreikemeyer
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9157-1858
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bader
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D024042:Collagen Type I; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015675:Osteocalcin; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D014025:Titanium