title: Long-term follow-up of trigonoplasty antireflux operation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Open trigonoplasty antireflux operation has been associated with promising results. However, its success in controlling reflux has not been evaluated in the long term.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients who underwent trigonoplasty for vesicoureteral reflux by one surgeon from 2004 to 2014 were included. Preoperative evaluations included direct radionuclide cystography (DRNC) or voiding cystourethrography, urine analysis and culture and abdominal sonography. Urodynamic study and cystoscopy was performed in selected patients. Trigonoplasty was done by a modified Gil-Verent method. The latest available patients' DRNCs were used to judge for reflux relapse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-one patients, 142 refluxing units; median (range) age, 10.5 (1-45) years; M/F, (11/80) were followed for 18 to 135 months. Reflux resolution rate was 73.6% for patients and 75.4% for refluxing units. Relapse was associated with reflux grade (67% in grade V), ureteral orifice appearance (40% in golf hole/stadium), and patients with a history of pyelonephritis. Multivariable model based on the above variables had less than 10% sensitivity in predicting relapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trigonoplasty success rate can decrease with long-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran.
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sharifiaghdas
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran.
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mahmoudnejad
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran.
authors.forename: Amir H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Kashi
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ramezani
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran.
authors.forename: Behzad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Narouie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult