title: Association Between Duration of Breast Feeding and Metabolic Syndrome: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to evaluate the association of the lifelong duration of breast feeding with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Korean parous women aged 19-50 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 4724 participants from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Survey were included. Subjects were divided into four groups according to the duration of breast feeding: ≤5, 6-11, 12-23, or ≥24 months groups. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of MetS and its components were assessed according to the duration of breast feeding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women who breastfed for 6-11 months had an OR of 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-0.86) for elevated blood pressure (BP) compared with those who breastfed for ≤5 months after adjustment for possible confounders in a multivariable logistic regression analyses. Women who breastfed for 12-23 months were associated with an OR of 0.68 (95% CI, 0.54-0.86) for elevated BP, an OR of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.62-0.97) for elevated glucose, and an OR of 0.73 (95% CI, 0.56-0.95) for MetS compared with those who breastfed for ≤5 months in a multivariable logistic regression analyses. Women who breastfed for ≥24 months had an OR of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.52-0.84) for elevated glucose, an OR of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.60-0.96) for elevated triglycerides, and an OR of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.53-0.92) for MetS compared with those who breastfed for ≤5 months in a multivariable logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that lifelong breast feeding for ≥12 months may be associated with lower risk for MetS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University , College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Se Rin
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University , College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University , College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Su
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University , College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University , College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: breast health; hypertension; obesity; reproductive health