title: Investigation of Indoor Air Quality in Houses of Macedonia.
abstract: People who live in buildings are exposed to harmful effects of indoor air pollution for many years. Therefore, our research is aimed to investigate the indoor air quality in family houses. The measurements of indoor air temperature, relative humidity, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), particulate matters (PM) and sound pressure level were carried out in 25 houses in several cities of the Republic of Macedonia. Mean values of indoor air temperature and relative humidity ranged from 18.9 °C to 25.6 °C and from 34.1% to 68.0%, respectively. With regard to TVOC, it can be stated that excessive occurrence was recorded. Mean values ranged from 50 μg/m³ to 2610 μg/m³. Recommended value (200 μg/m³) for human exposure to TVOC was exceeded in 32% of houses. Mean concentrations of PM2.5(particular matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm) and PM10(diameter less than 10 μm) are determined to be from 16.80 μg/m³ to 30.70 μg/m³ and from 38.30 μg/m³ to 74.60 μg/m³ individually. Mean values of sound pressure level ranged from 29.8 dB(A) to 50.6 dB(A). Dependence between characteristics of buildings (Year of construction, Year of renovation, Smoke and Heating system) and data from measurements (Temperature, Relative humidity, TVOC, PM2.5and PM10) were analyzed using R software. Van der Waerden test shows dependence of Smoke on TVOC and PM2.5. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance shows the effect of interaction of Renovation and Smoke.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Vysokoškolská 4, 04200 Košice, Slovakia. silvia.vilcekova@tuke.sk.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vilčeková
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Vysokoškolská 4, 04200 Košice, Slovakia. eko-inzenering@t-home.mk.
authors.forename: Ilija Zoran
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Apostoloski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Vysokoškolská 4, 04200 Košice, Slovakia. ludmila.meciarova@tuke.sk.
authors.forename: Ľudmila
authors.initials: Ľ
authors.lastname: Mečiarová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Vysokoškolská 4, 04200 Košice, Slovakia. eva.kridlova.burdova@tuke.sk.
authors.forename: Eva Krídlová
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Burdová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Jesenná 5, 04001 Košice, Slovakia. jozef.kiselak@upjs.sk.
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kiseľák
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006798:Housing; D006813:Humidity; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D018843:Republic of North Macedonia; D013696:Temperature; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
keywords: PM; TVOC; family house; humidity; sound pressure level; statistical analysis; temperature