title: Three-Dimensional Interconnected Spherical Graphene Framework/SnS Nanocomposite for Anode Material with Superior Lithium Storage Performance: Complete Reversibility of Li2S.
abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) interconnected spherical graphene framework-decorated SnS nanoparticles (3D SnS@SG) is synthesized by self-assembly of graphene oxide nanosheets and positively charged polystyrene/SnO2nanospheres, followed by a controllable in situ sulfidation reaction during calcination. The SnS nanoparticles with diameters of ∼10-30 nm are anchored to the surface of the spherical graphene wall tightly and uniformly. Benefiting from the 3D interconnected spherical graphene framework and subtle SnS nanoparticles, the generated Li2S could keep in close contact with Sn to make possible the in situ conversion reaction SnS + 2Li++ 2e-↔ Sn + Li2S. As a result, the 3D SnS@SG as the anode material for lithium ion batteries shows a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 75.3%. Apart from the irreversible capacity loss of 3D spherical graphene, the initial Coulombic efficiency of SnS in the 3D SnS@SG composite is as high as 99.7%, demonstrating the almost complete reversibility of Li2S in this system. Furthermore, it also exhibits an excellent reversible capacity (800 mAh g-1after 100 cycles at 0.1 C and 527.1 mAh g-1after 300 cycles at 1 °C) and outstanding rate capability (380 mAh g-1at 5 °C).
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Zhixuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Yaqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Lingli
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-7404
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
keywords: Coulombic efficiency; energy storage; interconnected spherical graphene; lithium sulfide; three-dimensional; tin sulfide