title: PRINCESS: Privacy-protecting Rare disease International Network Collaboration via Encryption through Software guard extensionS.
abstract: We introduce PRINCESS, a privacy-preserving international collaboration framework for analyzing rare disease genetic data that are distributed across different continents. PRINCESS leverages Software Guard Extensions (SGX) and hardware for trustworthy computation. Unlike a traditional international collaboration model, where individual-level patient DNA are physically centralized at a single site, PRINCESS performs a secure and distributed computation over encrypted data, fulfilling institutional policies and regulations for protected health information.
  
  
  
  To demonstrate PRINCESS' performance and feasibility, we conducted a family-based allelic association study for Kawasaki Disease, with data hosted in three different continents. The experimental results show that PRINCESS provides secure and accurate analyses much faster than alternative solutions, such as homomorphic encryption and garbled circuits (over 40 000× faster).
  
  
  
  https://github.com/achenfengb/PRINCESS_opensource.
  
  
  
  shw070@ucsd.edu.
  
  
  
  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
authors.affiliation: Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoqian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Sijie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jihoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
authors.forename: S Cenk
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Sahinalp
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Chisato
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jane C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatrics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Victoria J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: Genome Institute of Singapore, ASTAR, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Png
authors.affiliation: Genome Institute of Singapore, ASTAR, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Martin L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hibberd
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.affiliation: Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Amalio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Telenti
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Cinnamon S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bloss
authors.affiliation: School of Law, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Dov
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.affiliation: Cryptography Group, Microsoft Research, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lauter
authors.affiliation: Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lucila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ohno-Machado
mesh_terms: D016494:Computer Security; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods*; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000235:genetics; D018907:Privacy; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D012984:Software