title: Diagnosis and surgical correction of congenital bilateral patellar luxation in two dwarf zebu calves.
abstract: This case study presents two female dwarf zebu calves with permanent bilateral flexion of the stifle joint secondary to bilateral congenital lateral patellar luxation. The patella could be manually repositioned bilaterally in the first calf (14 days old), but re-luxated immediately with release of manual pressure (luxation grade III). In the second calf (28 days old) both patellae were permanently luxated laterally (grade IV). The right and left stifles of each calf were operated in a staged procedure with approximately 14 days between surgery of the two sides. While a lateral release and a medial imbrication were sufficient for correction in the left stifle of the younger calf, a trochlear wedge resection was required in the other three stifle joints with hypo- to aplastic trochleas in order to stabilize the patella. Postoperatively each stifle was immobilized for 10 days with a cast. The younger calf regained full function of the hind limbs during the complete gait cycle in walk and in trot one month after the procedure. The older calf regained full function in the hind limbs in walk but in trot there was some degree of lameness due to a reduced extension of approximately 20°.
authors.affiliation: Goeknil Kalayci, Kleintierklinik, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany, Email: goeknil.kalayci@fu-berlin.de.
authors.forename: Göknil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kalayci
authors.forename: Cagri
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Binici
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tünsmeyer
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al Aiyan
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brunnberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D010329:Patella / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D031222:Patellar Dislocation / Q000151:congenital* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D013264:Stifle / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Stifle joint; desmotomy; imbrication; release; trochlear wedge resection