title: Recent Patents on Nano-Enhanced Materials for Use in Thermal Energy Storage (TES).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thermal energy storage (TES) systems using phase change materials (PCM) have been lately studied and are presented as one of the key solutions for the implementation of renewable energies. These systems take advantage of the latent heat of phase change of PCM during their melting/ solidification processes to store or release heat depending on the needs and availability. Low thermal conductivity and latent heat are the main disadvantages of organic PCM, while corrosion, subcooling and thermal stability are the prime problems that inorganic PCM present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nanotechnology can be used to overcome these drawbacks. Nano-enhanced PCM are obtained by the dispersion of nanoparticles in the base material and thermal properties such as thermal conductivity, viscosity and specific heat capacity, within others, can be enhanced. This paper presents a review of the patents regarding the obtaining of nano-enhanced materials for thermal energy storage (TES) in order to realize the development nanotechnologies have gained in the TES field.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patents regarding the synthesis methods to obtain nano-enhanced phase materials (NEPCM) and TES systems using NEPCM have been found and are presented in the paper. The few existing number of patents found is a clear indicator of the recent and thus low development nanotechnology has in the TES field so far. Nevertheless, the results obtained with the reviewed inventions already show the big potential that nanotechnology has in TES and denote a more than probable expansion of its use in the next years.
authors.affiliation: GREA Innovacio Concurrent, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Edifici CREA, Pere de Cabrera s/n, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.affiliation: GREA Innovacio Concurrent, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Edifici CREA, Pere de Cabrera s/n, Lleida, Spain.|DIOPMA Department of Materials Science & Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barreneche
authors.affiliation: GREA Innovacio Concurrent, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Edifici CREA, Pere de Cabrera s/n, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Aran
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Solé
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingenieria Mecanica y Construccion, Universitat Jaume I., Castellon de la Plana, Spain.
authors.forename: José Enrique
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Juliá
authors.affiliation: GREA Innovacio Concurrent, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Edifici CREA, Pere de Cabrera s/n, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Luisa F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Cabeza
keywords: Nanocomposites; Review.; nano-enhanced phase change materials (NEPCM); nanofluids; patents; thermal energy storage
  (TES)