title: The diagnostic performance of shear wave speed (SWS) imaging for thyroid nodules with elasticity modulus and SWS measurement.
abstract: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a new technique of shear wave speed (SWS) imaging for the diagnosis of thyroid nodule with elasticity modulus and SWS measurement. 322 thyroid nodules in 322 patients (216 benign nodules, 106 malignant nodules) were included in this study. All the nodules received conventional ultrasound (US) and SWS imaging (Aplio500, Toshiba Medical Systems, Japan) before fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and/or surgery. The values of E-max and E-mean with elastic modulus (61.27 ± 36.31 kPa and 31.89 ± 19.11 kPa) or SWS (4.45 ± 1.49 m/s and 3.26 ± 2.71 m/s) in malignant nodules were significantly higher than those in benign lesions (29.18 ± 18.62 kPa and 15.85 ± 6.96 kPa, or 2.98 ± 0.85 m/s and 2.19 ± 0.42 m/s, all P < 0.001). No significant differences in area under the curve (AUC) between the SWS imaging parameters were found (all P > 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, E-max (m/s) with SWS was identified to be the strongest independent predictor for malignant nodules (odds ratio [OR] = 16.760), followed by poorly-defined margin (OR = 7.792), taller-than-wide shape (OR = 3.160), micro-calcification (OR = 2.422), and E-max (kPa) with elastic modulus (OR = 0.914). The AUC was 0.813 for E-max with SWS (m/s) and 0.796 for E-max with elastic modulus (kPa). With cut-off SWS value of 3.52 m/s in E-max, sensitivity of 69.8%, specificity of 81.5%, and accuracy of 77.6% were achieved. SWS imaging is a valuable tool in predicting thyroid malignancy. E-max with SWS measurement is the strongest independent predictor for thyroid malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Bo-Ji
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Chong-Ke
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai 200072, China.|Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai 200072, China.|Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.|Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Xiong
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016606:Thyroid Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: elastic modulus; elastography; shear wave speed imaging; thyroid nodule; ultrasound