title: A Leptin Analog Locally Produced in the Brain Acts via a Conserved Neural Circuit to Modulate Obesity-Linked Behaviors in Drosophila.
abstract: Leptin, a typically adipose-derived "satiety hormone," has a well-established role in weight regulation. Here we describe a functionally conserved model of genetically induced obesity in Drosophila by manipulating the fly leptin analog unpaired 1 (upd1). Unexpectedly, cell-type-specific knockdown reveals upd1 in the brain, not the adipose tissue, mediates obesity-related traits. Disrupting brain-derived upd1 in flies leads to all the hallmarks of mammalian obesity: increased attraction to food cues, increased food intake, and increased weight. These effects are mediated by domeless receptors on neurons expressing Drosophila neuropeptide F, the orexigenic mammalian neuropeptide Y homolog. In vivo two-photon imaging reveals upd1 and domeless inhibit this hedonic signal in fed animals. Manipulations along this central circuit also create hypersensitivity to obesogenic conditions, emphasizing the critical interplay between biological predisposition and environment in overweight and obesity prevalence. We propose adipose- and brain-derived upd/leptin may control differing features of weight regulation through distinct neural circuits.
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA. Electronic address: beshel@cshl.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beshel
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
authors.forename: Josh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dubnau
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001835:Body Weight; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D009812:Odorants; D010641:Phenotype; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D020738:Leptin; D014157:Transcription Factors; C115570:upd1 protein, Drosophila
keywords: conserved circuits; food intake; obesity; weight regulation