title: Physical Employment Standards for UK Firefighters: Minimum Muscular Strength and Endurance Requirements.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess sensitivity and specificity of surrogate physical ability tests as predictors of criterion firefighting task performance and to identify corresponding minimum muscular strength and endurance standards.
  
  
  
  Fifty-one (26 male; 25 female) participants completed three criterion tasks (ladder lift, ladder lower, ladder extension) and three corresponding surrogate tests [one-repetition maximum (1RM) seated shoulder press; 1RM seated rope pull-down; repeated 28 kg seated rope pull-down]. Surrogate test standards were calculated that best identified individuals who passed (sensitivity; true positives) and failed (specificity; true negatives) criterion tasks.
  
  
  
  Best sensitivity/specificity achieved were 1.00/1.00 for a 35 kg seated shoulder press, 0.79/0.92 for a 60 kg rope pull-down, and 0.83/0.93 for 23 repetitions of the 28 kg rope pull-down.
  
  
  
  These standards represent performance on surrogate tests commensurate with minimum acceptable performance of essential strength-based occupational tasks in UK firefighters.
authors.affiliation: Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath (Mr Stevenson, Dr Siddall, Mr Turner, Dr Bilzon); Occupational Health Services, South Wales Fire & Rescue Service, Cardiff, Wales (Mr Stevenson); and Lancashire Fire & Rescue Service, Preston, Lancashire, UK (Mr Stevenson, Turner).
authors.forename: Richard D M
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Siddall
authors.forename: Philip F J
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: James L J
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bilzon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004651:Employment / Q000592:standards*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D061388:Firefighters; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength; D010807:Physical Endurance; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D006113:United Kingdom; D014938:Work Capacity Evaluation; D055815:Young Adult