title: Ewing Sarcoma of the Head and Neck.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ewing sarcoma is a rare tumor of the head and neck. Previous efforts to characterize Ewing sarcoma of the head and neck (ES-HN) have been limited to small retrospective series. The objective of this study was to analyze the demographic, clinicopathologic, treatment, and survival characteristics of ES-HN compared to Ewing sarcoma at other locations (ES-other).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we compared 183 patients with ES-HN to 3177 patients with ES-other. Patient characteristics were analyzed with chi-square or t test. Ten-year disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated via the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to determine if HN location was an independent prognosticator.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ES-HN displayed a lower tumor size ( P < .001) and metastatic rate ( P < .001) compared to ES-other. The ES-HN had a better 10-year DSS and OS than ES-other ( P = .001, P = .015, respectively). The HN location did not achieve statistical significance on multivariate Cox regression analysis ( P = .88).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ES-HN does not appear to be a separate clinical entity compared to ES-other; rather, its associated improved prognosis is likely secondary to its smaller size and lower metastatic rate compared to ES-other.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gerry
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Neskey
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lentsch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018426:SEER Program; D012512:Sarcoma, Ewing / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D015996:Survival Rate; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Ewing sarcoma; SEER; head and neck; survival