title: Residue depletion of ivermectin in broiler poultry.
abstract: Helminth infections are widespread in the poultry industry. There is evidence of extra-label use of some drugs, such as ivermectin (IVM), in broiler poultry. Pharmacokinetic and residual studies of IVM in poultry, however, are rather scarce. Our aim was to determine time restrictions for broiler chickens fed with balanced feed mixed with IVM for 21 days, and thus achieve acceptable residual levels for consumption as established by the European Union. Sixty 1-day-old chicks were fed with food supplemented with IVM at 5 mg kg-1feed for 21 days. Groups of six treated animals were sacrificed at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20 and 28 days after treatment. Liver, skin/fat, kidney and muscle samples were obtained. IVM were determined by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection after automatic solid-phase extraction with SPE C18cartridges. The highest concentrations were measured in the liver, which is logical given that IVM is a drug that undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism. The optimal withdrawal time for edible tissues of these animals to stay within the permitted residual levels were: 12 days for liver, 8 days for skin/fat, 0 days for muscle and 10 days for kidney.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies (LEFyT), Faculty of Veterinary Science , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Argentina.
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mestorino
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies (LEFyT), Faculty of Veterinary Science , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Argentina.|b Consejo Nacional deInvestigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CINICET) , La Plata , Argentina.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buldain
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies (LEFyT), Faculty of Veterinary Science , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Argentina.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buchamer
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies (LEFyT), Faculty of Veterinary Science , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Argentina.
authors.forename: Lihuel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gortari
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies (LEFyT), Faculty of Veterinary Science , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Argentina.
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daniele
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies (LEFyT), Faculty of Veterinary Science , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Argentina.
authors.forename: María Laura
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marchetti
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002645:Chickens; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005062:European Union; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D007559:Ivermectin
keywords: Endectocide; chicken; ivermectin; residues; withdrawal time