title: Reduction of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity Using Nanocarriers: A Review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOX) is a very potent and extensively prescribed chemotherapeutic drug. It is widely utilized in the therapy of variety of haematological and solid tumours, although its administration is commonly accompanied with several severe side effects. The most serious one is a development of dose-dependent and cumulative cardiotoxicity. In the course of time, many strategies have been investigated in order to avoid or at least to diminish DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction; these include reduction of toxic effect by coadministration with iron chelators (dexrazoxane), trastuzumab, taxanes, statins, and ACE-inhibitors. However, the attenuation of cardiotoxic effect is still not satisfactory yet.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This review represents an overall appraisal of studies concerning with the utilization of various doxorubicinloaded nanoparticles in the cancer treatment with specific emphasis on those studies evaluating their influence on the reduction of heart tissue damage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Introduction of nanoscale drug delivery systems undoubtedly represents nowadays one of the most promising tools for lowering systemic toxicity. Nanoparticles enable to target the therapeutic payload directly towards the tumor tissue, thus leading to the increased accumulation of the drug in the desired tissue and simultaneously protecting surrounding healthy tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fojtu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaromir
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gumulec
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stracina
authors.affiliation: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raudenska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skotakova
authors.affiliation: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marketa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vaculovicova
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vojtech
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Babula
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Novakova
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno. Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masarik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D066126:Cardiotoxicity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004317:Doxorubicin
keywords: Doxorubicin; cardiotoxicity; gold; liposomal; nanocarriers.; nanoparticles; polymeric; protein