title: Interactions betweenCYP11B2Promoter Methylation and Smoking Increase Risk of Essential Hypertension.
abstract: Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is closely linked to essential hypertension (EH). However, it remains unclear whether the methylation of theCYP11B2promoter is involved in the development of EH in humans. Our study is aimed at evaluating the contribution ofCYP11B2promoter methylation to the risk of EH. Methylation levels were measured using pyrosequencing technology in 192 participants in a hospital-based case-control study. Logistic regression and multiple linear regression analyses were utilized to adjust for confounding factors and the GMDR method was applied to investigate high-order gene-environment interactions. Although no significant result was observed linking the four analyzed CpG sites to EH, GMDR detected significant interactions among CpG1, CpG3, CpG4, and smoking correlated with an increased risk of EH (OR = 4.62, adjustedP= 0.011). In addition, CpG2 (adjustedP= 0.013) and CpG3 (adjustedP= 0.039) methylation was significantly lower in healthy males than in healthy females. Likewise, after adjusting for confounding factors, CpG2 methylation (adjustedP= 0.007) still showed significant gender-specific differences among the participants of the study. CpG1 (P= 0.009) site was significantly positively correlated with age, and CpG3 (P= 0.007) and CpG4 (P= 0.006) were both inversely linked to smoking. Our findings suggest that gene-environment interactions are associated with the pathogenesis and progression of EH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, China.
authors.forename: Tianlun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3004-0260
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, China.
authors.forename: Shuqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Quality, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Ningbo Central Blood Station, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Fade
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Health and Family Planning Bureau of Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Fubao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
authors.forename: Lingmei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8214-8505
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Fengying
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8181-4337
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics; D019405:Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2 / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics*; D000075222:Essential Hypertension; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D019405:Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2