title: Biochemical and Molecular Study of Carpobrotus edulis Bioactive Properties and Their Effects on Dugesia sicula (Turbellaria, Tricladida) Regeneration.
abstract: The traditional medicinal properties of Carpobrotus edulis are well recognized, particularly in Tunisia where it is used for wound healing. Thus, in this study, biochemical and molecular properties of its leaves' bioactive aqueous-acetone extract were investigated. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the extract was estimated to be 184 ± 5 mg/100 g of fresh matter (FM). The qualitative and quantitative polyphenolic profile was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (UPLC-DAD) and showed that chlorogenic acid was the major compound (43.7%). The extract exhibits potent antioxidant capacities with IC50 = 56.19 and 58.91 μg/ml, as accessed via the anionic DPPH and cationic ABTS radical scavenging assays, respectively. The extract has high antibacterial properties, especially against the Gram+ Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus strains. To investigate the extract effect on regeneration, the flatworm Dugesia sicula Lepori, 1948, was used as a model. The macroscopic analysis of planarian cultures in ordinary medium containing phenolic extract at non-toxic concentrations illustrated that the extract caused morphological changes. Additionally, the molecular study through the fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) technique showed that C. edulis polyphenols can harm the stem cells' development. These results emphasize the ecotoxicological impact of phenolic rejections in the environment on flatworms' physiology.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive-Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, Zone Urbaine Nord, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia. Emna.Meddeb@fsb.rnu.tn.|Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia. Emna.Meddeb@fsb.rnu.tn.
authors.forename: Emna
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3230-9021
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meddeb
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.|College of Sciences and Humanities of Dawadmi, Shaqra University, Shangra, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Charni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive-Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, Zone Urbaine Nord, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Tesnime
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ghazouani
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Safety, Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, ISA-CNR, Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Autilia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cozzolino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Safety, Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, ISA-CNR, Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Florinda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fratianni
authors.affiliation: ISAJC, Bir El Bey, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Faten
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raboudi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Safety, Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, ISA-CNR, Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Filomena
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nazzaro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive-Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, Zone Urbaine Nord, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fattouch
mesh_terms: D035722:Aizoaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000254:growth & development; D010932:Planarians / Q000502:physiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: Antimicrobial; Antioxidant; Carpobrotus edulis; FACS; Planarian; Polyphenols; UPLC-DAD