title: Upconversion Nanocrystals Mediated Lateral-Flow Nanoplatform for in Vitro Detection.
abstract: Upconversion phosphors (UCPs) that are free from interference from biological sample autofluorescence have attracted attention for in vivo and in vitro bioapplications. However, UCPs need to be water-dispersible, nanosized, and highly luminous to realize broad applications. Therefore, the aim of this research is to develop UCPs that meet these comprehensive criteria for in vitro diagnosis. To combine nano size with high luminous intensity, β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+upconversion nanocrystals (UCNPs) codoped with Li+and K+are prepared that display high upconversion intensities as well as small size. The strongest green and red emissions of the Na0.9Li0.07K0.03YF4:Yb3+,Er3+nanocrystals are increased by 7 and 10 times, respectively, compared with those of the undoped NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+nanocrystals. A mild sol-gel surface modification method is used to produce water-phase dispersions and allow covalent biomolecule conjugation. The bioactivated UCNPs are used as a bioreporter and integrated with a classical lateral flow assay to establish an assay to accomplish simultaneous dual-target detection of Yersinia pestis and Burkholderia pseudomallei. The assay achieves a sensitivity of 103CFU/test without cross-interference between two targets. The research provides a way to produce UCNPs with comprehensive properties for use as excellent optical reporters in in vivo and in vitro bioapplications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhiqin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (No. BZ0329) , Beijing 100071, PR China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaochen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (No. BZ0329) , Beijing 100071, PR China.
authors.forename: Pingping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044, PR China.
authors.forename: Yongxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (No. BZ0329) , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , Beijing 100853, PR China.
authors.forename: Chongyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044, PR China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (No. BZ0329) , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Institute for Plague Prevention and Control of Hebei Province , Zhangjiakou 75000, PR China.
authors.forename: Xinrui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044, PR China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (No. BZ0329) , Beijing 100071, PR China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (No. BZ0329) , Beijing 100071, PR China.
authors.forename: Ruifu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044, PR China.
authors.forename: Suling
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0310-5628
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing 100071, PR China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (No. BZ0329) , Beijing 100071, PR China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D005459:Fluorides; D053758:Nanoparticles; D015019:Yttrium
chemical_list: D015019:Yttrium; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Li+ and K+ codoping; NaYF4:Yb,Er nanocrystals; covalent biomolecule conjugation; dual-target detection; upconversion fluorescence