title: Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of least cisco Coregonus sardinella in Alaska.
abstract: This study presents the first detailed analysis of the mitochondrial DNA diversity of least cisco Coregonus sardinella in Alaska using a 678 bp segment of the control region (D-loop) of the mitochondrial genome. Findings suggest that the history of C. sardinella in Alaska differs from that of other species of Coregonus present in the state and surrounding regions. The examined populations of C. sardinella are genetically diverse across Alaska. Sixty-eight distinct mitochondrial haplotypes were identified among 305 individuals sampled from nine locations. The haplotype minimum spanning network and phylogeny showed a modest level of geographic segregation among haplotypes, suggesting high levels of on-going or recent connectivity among distant populations. Observed ΦSTvalues and the results of homogeneity and AMOVAs indicate incipient genetic differentiation between aggregations in three broad regional groups. Sites north of the Brooks Range formed one group, sites in the Yukon and Selawik Rivers formed a second group and sites south of the Yukon drainage formed the third group. Overall, the sequence data showed that a large proportion of mtDNA genetic variation in C. sardinella is shared across Alaska, but this variation is not homogeneously distributed across all regions and for all haplotype groups.
authors.affiliation: Fisheries Division, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 905 N. Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, U.S.A.
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Padula
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3101 Science Circle, CPISB 101, Anchorage, AK, 99508, U.S.A.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Causey
authors.affiliation: Fisheries Division, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 905 N. Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, U.S.A.|University of Alaska Fairbanks, Museum of the North, 907 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, U.S.A.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: López
mesh_terms: D000413:Alaska; D000818:Animals; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D012487:Salmonidae / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
keywords: Beringia; Coregonidae; Yukon; biogeography; connectivity; whitefish