title: Role of original and modified Frey's procedures in chronic pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively review patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) treated with Frey's procedures between January 2009 and January 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed of patients with CP treated with Frey's procedures between January 2009 and January 2014 in the Department of Pancreatic Surgery. A cross-sectional study of postoperative pain relief, quality of life (QoL), and alcohol and nicotine abuse was performed by clinical interview, letters and telephone interview in January 2016. QoL of patients was evaluated with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) version 3.0. The patients were requested to fill in the questionnaires by themselvesviacorrespondence or clinical interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 80 patients were enrolled for analysis, including 44 who underwent the original Frey's procedure and 36 who underwent a modified Frey's procedure. The mean age was 46 years in the original group and 48 years in the modified group. Thirty-five male patients (80%) were in the original group and 33 (92%) in the modified group. There were no differences in the operating time, blood loss, and postoperative morbidity and mortality between the two groups. The mean follow-up was 50.3 mo in the original group and 48.7 mo in the modified group. There were no differences in endocrine and exocrine function preservation between the two groups. The original Frey's procedure resulted in significantly better pain relief, as shown by 5-year follow-up (P= 0.032), better emotional status (P= 0.047) and fewer fatigue symptoms (P= 0.028). When stratifying these patients by the M-ANNHEIM severity index, no impact was found on pain relief after the two types of surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The original Frey's procedure is as safe as the modified procedure, but the former yields better pain relief. The severity of CP does not affect postoperative pain relief.
authors.affiliation: Chun-Lu Tan, Hao Zhang, Min Yang, Shao-Jun Li, Xu-Bao Liu, Ke-Zhou Li, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Lu
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Chun-Lu Tan, Hao Zhang, Min Yang, Shao-Jun Li, Xu-Bao Liu, Ke-Zhou Li, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Chun-Lu Tan, Hao Zhang, Min Yang, Shao-Jun Li, Xu-Bao Liu, Ke-Zhou Li, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Chun-Lu Tan, Hao Zhang, Min Yang, Shao-Jun Li, Xu-Bao Liu, Ke-Zhou Li, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Chun-Lu Tan, Hao Zhang, Min Yang, Shao-Jun Li, Xu-Bao Liu, Ke-Zhou Li, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Bao
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Chun-Lu Tan, Hao Zhang, Min Yang, Shao-Jun Li, Xu-Bao Liu, Ke-Zhou Li, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
authors.forename: Ke-Zhou
authors.initials: KZ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D010180:Pancreatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Chronic pancreatitis; Frey’s procedure; M-ANNHEIM severity index; Pain relief; Quality of life