title: Risk of inflammatory bowel disease in patients with rosacea: Results from a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A link between rosacea and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been proposed with unknown mechanisms. Epidemiologic evidence of this association needs to be examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this nationwide cohort study, a total of 89,356 patients with rosacea and 178,712 matched patients without rosacea between 1997 and 2013 were identified in the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database. Cumulative incidences of IBD were compared between these 2 cohorts. Frailty Cox proportional hazard model was used and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the risk factors for IBD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 15-year cumulative incidences of IBD were 0.036% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.00%-1.57%) and 0.019% (95% CI 0.00%-0.83%) in rosacea and nonrosacea cohorts, respectively (P = .05). Rosacea (adjusted hazard ratio 1.94, 95% CI 1.04-3.63, P = .04) and male gender (adjusted hazard ratio 3.52, 95% CI 2.03-6.11, P < .01) were independently associated with IBD, after adjustment for major comorbidities. Multivariate subgroup analyses revealed consistent results. The incidence rates of IBD decreased with increasing antibiotic use in patients with rosacea, but without statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Information related to lifestyle, diet, alcohol, and smoking was not included in the database.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with rosacea may have an increased risk of IBD.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Life Sciences and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yun-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Keui
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Juan
authors.affiliation: Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jeng-Jer
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Shieh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Pu
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Han-Nan
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jaw-Town
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: yjchenmd@vghtc.gov.tw.
authors.forename: Yi-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012393:Rosacea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Crohn's disease; inflammatory bowel disease; nationwide cohort study; rosacea; ulcerative colitis