title: Analysis of Leukocytes in Oral Mucosal Tissues.
abstract: The oral mucosa is constantly exposed to an immense amount of microorganisms, while some colonize the various anatomical niches existing in the oral cavity. To deal with such a complex challenge, the oral mucosal immune system must tolerate commensal microorganisms but prevent invasion of pathogens. Such activity is likely to be achieved by a wide range of mechanisms that could be similar or different to those employed by other mucosal tissues. The dental biofilm represents a unique challenge to the mucosal immune system, and inadequate immune responses might lead to periodontal diseases and the associated adverse systemic complications. It is thus crucial to study the mechanisms by which the oral mucosal immune system maintains homeostasis, and also induces protective immune responses against pathogens. To facilitate probing oral mucosal immunity, we describe here methods allowing immunological analysis of murine oral tissues using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Asaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wilensky
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.|Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mizraji
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Yaara
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabib
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Hafez
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sharawi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel. avihaih@ekmd.huji.ac.il.
authors.forename: Avi-Hai
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hovav
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000737:chemistry; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006706:Homeostasis; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; D010450:Endopeptidases; C023139:dispase
keywords: Flow cytometry; Immunity; Mucosa; Oral; Periodontitis