title: How far are we from full implementation of health promoting workplace concepts? A review of implementation tools and frameworks in workplace interventions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Health promoting workplace frameworks provide a holistic view on determinants of workplace health and the link between individuals, work and environment, however, the operationalization of these frameworks has not been very clear. This study provides a typology of the different understandings, frameworks/tools used in the workplace health promotion practice or research worldwide. It discusses the degree of their conformity with Ottawa Charter's spirit and the key actions expected to be implemented in health promoting settings such as workplaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive online search was conducted utilizing relevant key words. The search also included official websites of related international, regional, and national organizations. After exclusion, 27 texts were analysed utilizing conventional content analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the analysis were categorized as dimensions (level or main structure) of a healthy or health promoting workplaces and subcategorized characteristics/criteria of healthy/health promoting workplace.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our analysis shows diversity and ambiguity in the workplace health literature regarding domains and characteristics of a healthy/health promoting workplace. This may have roots in lack of a common understanding of the concepts or different social and work environment context. Development of global or national health promoting workplace standards in a participatory process might be considered as a potential solution.
authors.affiliation: Ph.D student Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motalebi G
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Health Promotion, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Keshavarz Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Retired Chief Scientist and Senior Policy Adviser in the Federal Institute for Safety and Occupational Health in Germany, Adjunct Prof at Griffith University in Brisbane, Chairman of the ENWHP (European Network for Workplace Health Promotion).
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Professor of Health Education, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramezankhani
authors.affiliation: Professor of Occupational Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mansour R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Azari
mesh_terms: D055317:Evidence-Based Practice; D014943:Global Health; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016272:Occupational Health; D017132:Workplace