title: White Matter Hyperintensity Associations with Cerebral Blood Flow in Elderly Subjects Stratified by Cerebrovascular Risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to add clarity to the relationship between deep and periventricular brain white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebrovascular risk in older persons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Deep white matter hyperintensity (dWMH) and periventricular white matter hyperintensity (pWMH) and regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) blood flow from arterial spin labeling were quantified from magnetic resonance imaging scans of 26 cognitively normal elderly subjects stratified by cerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images were acquired using a high-resolution 3-dimensional (3-D) sequence that reduced partial volume effects seen with slice-based techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  dWMHs but not pWMHs were increased in patients at high risk of CVD; pWMHs but not dWMHs were associated with decreased regional cortical (GM) blood flow. We also found that blood flow in WM is decreased in regions of both pWMH and dWMH, with a greater degree of decrease in pWMH areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  WMHs are usefully divided into dWMH and pWMH regions because they demonstrate differential effects. 3-D regional WMH volume is a potentially valuable marker for CVD based on associations with cortical CBF and WM CBF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Department of Biomedical Engineering, AL-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bahrani
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center (MRISC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Guoquiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center (MRISC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Eleanor S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Medical College, Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Jicha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center (MRISC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Medical College, Lexington, Kentucky. Electronic address: csmith@mri.uky.edu.
authors.forename: Charles D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D066127:White Matter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: White matter hyperintensities; arterial spin-labeling image; cerebral blood flow; fluid-attenuated inversion recovery; segmentation; small-vessel disease; vascular risk