title: Ibuprofen before Exercise Does Not Prevent Cortical Bone Adaptations to Training.
abstract: Using a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) before a single bout of mechanical loading can reduce bone formation response. It is unknown whether this translates to an attenuation of bone strength and structural adaptations to exercise training.
  
  
  
  This study aimed to determine whether nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use before exercise prevents increases in bone structure and strength in response to weight-bearing exercise.
  
  
  
  Adult female Wistar rats (n = 43) were randomized to ibuprofen (IBU) or vehicle (VEH) and exercise (EX) or sedentary (SED) groups in a 2 × 2 (drug and activity) ANCOVA design with body weight as the covariate, and data are reported as mean ± SE. IBU drops (30 mg·kg BW) or VEH (volume equivalent) were administered orally 1 h before the bout of exercise. Treadmill running occurred 5 d·wk for 60 min·d at 20 m·min with a 5° incline for 12 wk. Micro-CT, mechanical testing, and finite element modeling were used to quantify bone characteristics.
  
  
  
  Drug-activity interactions were not significant. Exercise increased tibia cortical cross-sectional area (EX = 5.67 ± 0.10, SED = 5.37 ± 0.10 mm, P < 0.01) and structural estimates of bone strength (Imax: EX = 5.16 ± 0.18, SED = 4.70 ± 0.18 mm, P < 0.01; SecModPolar: EX = 4.01 ± 0.11, SED = 3.74 ± 0.10 mm, P < 0.01). EX had increased failure load (EX = 243 ± 9, SED = 202 ± 7 N, P < 0.05) and decreased distortion in response to a 200-N load (von Mises stress at tibia-fibula junction: EX = 48.2 ± 1.3, SED = 51.7 ± 1.2 MPa, P = 0.01). There was no effect of ibuprofen on any measurement tested. Femur results revealed similar patterns.
  
  
  
  Ibuprofen before exercise did not prevent the skeletal benefits of exercise in female rats. However, exercise that engenders higher bone strains may be required to detect an effect of ibuprofen.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; and 3Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
authors.forename: Vanessa D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Sherk
authors.forename: R Dana
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: Erin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.forename: Janine A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: Robera M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Oljira
authors.forename: Ginger C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Maclean
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000071538:Cortical Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D055070:Resistance Training
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007052:Ibuprofen