title: Three-Dimensional Genome Organization and Function in Drosophila.
abstract: Understanding how the metazoan genome is used during development and cell differentiation is one of the major challenges in the postgenomic era. Early studies in Drosophila suggested that three-dimensional (3D) chromosome organization plays important regulatory roles in this process and recent technological advances started to reveal connections at the molecular level. Here we will consider general features of the architectural organization of the Drosophila genome, providing historical perspective and insights from recent work. We will compare the linear and spatial segmentation of the fly genome and focus on the two key regulators of genome architecture: insulator components and Polycomb group proteins. With its unique set of genetic tools and a compact, well annotated genome, Drosophila is poised to remain a model system of choice for rapid progress in understanding principles of genome organization and to serve as a proving ground for development of 3D genome-engineering techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden yuri.schwartz@umu.se giacomo.cavalli@igh.cnrs.fr.
authors.forename: Yuri B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Human Genetics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR1142 and University of Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France yuri.schwartz@umu.se giacomo.cavalli@igh.cnrs.fr.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cavalli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000502:physiology; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D057890:Epigenomics; D016678:Genome; D049750:Genome, Insect; D038101:Insulator Elements; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins
keywords: FlyBook; chromatin insulators; epigenetics; genome architecture