title: Unfractionated heparin versus bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a SWEDEHEART study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to compare outcomes in unfractionated heparin (UFH) and bivalirudin-treated patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  This observational study contained 20,612 PPCI patients treated with either UFH monotherapy or bivalirudin with or without concomitant UFH. Patients with oral anticoagulant or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (GPI) treatment were excluded. The primary outcome measure was definite early stent thrombosis (ST) that occurred at low and similar rates in UFH only and bivalirudin-treated patients: 0.9% vs. 0.8% (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7-1.65). All-cause death at 30 days occurred in 6.9% vs. 5.4% of patients (adjusted HR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05-1.44) and within 365 days in 12.1% vs. 8.9% (adjusted HR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.19-1.52) in the two groups, respectively. The incidence of major bleeding within 30 days was 0.8% vs. 0.6% (adjusted HR 1.54, 95% CI: 0.97-2.45). The incidence of reinfarction within 365 days and stroke within 30 days was similar between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this large, nationwide observational study we found low and similar rates of early ST in UFH only and bivalirudin-treated patients undergoing primary PCI. Mortality was higher in UFH compared with bivalirudin-treated patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grimfjärd
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Erlinge
authors.forename: Sasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koul
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lagerqvist
authors.forename: Bodil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Svennblad
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Varenhorst
authors.forename: Stefan K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006629:Hirudins; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000379:methods; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D000991:Antithrombins; D006629:Hirudins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006493:Heparin; C074619:bivalirudin