title: Disulfide isomerase-like protein AtPDIL1-2 is a good candidate for trichlorophenol phytodetoxification.
abstract: Trichlorophenol (TCP) is a widely used and persistent environmentally toxic compound that poses a carcinogenic risk to humans. Phytoremediation is a proficient cleanup technology for organic pollutants. In this study, we found that the disulfide isomerase-like protein AtPDIL1-2 in plants is a good candidate for enhancing 2,4,6-TCP phytoremediation. The expression of AtPDIL1-2 in Arabidopsis was induced by 2,4,6-TCP. The heterologously expressed AtPDIL1-2 in Escherichia coli exhibited both oxidase and isomerase activities as protein disulfide isomerase and improved bacteria tolerance to 2,4,6-TCP. Further research revealed that transgenic tobacco overexpressing AtPDIL1-2 was more tolerant to high concentrations of 2,4,6-TCP and removed the toxic compound at far greater rates than the control plants. To elucidate the mechanism of action of AtPDIL1-2, we investigated the chemical interaction of AtPDIL1-2 with 2,4,6-TCP for the first time. HPLC analysis implied that AtPDIL1-2 exerts a TCP-binding activity. A suitable configuration of AtPDIL1-2-TCP binding was obtained by molecular docking studies using the AutoDock program. It predicted that the TCP binding site is located in the b-b' domain of AtPDIL1-2 and that His254 of the protein is critical for the binding interaction. These findings imply that AtPDIL1-2 can be used for TCP detoxification by the way of overexpression in plants.
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ri-He
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, 2901 Beidi Rd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Quan-Hong
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D004926:Escherichia coli; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002733:Chlorophenols; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases; C024564:2,4,6-trichlorophenol