title: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is safe and effective for the treatment of sleep disorders in children with cerebral palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy on the treatment of sleep disorders and its safety in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 71 recruited children were divided into two groups based on age: group 1, aged between 2 and 4 years; and group 2, aged between 4 and 6 years. The effects of HBO2therapy on sleep quality were observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total sleep items (TSIs) were significantly different in the two groups between pre-HBO2, post 10 HBO2sessions, and post 20 HBO2sessions (p < 0.01). A total of 15/38 (39.5%) participants in group 1 and 8/21 (38.0%) in group 2 presented difficulty in falling asleep; 17/38 (44.7%) in group 1 and 4/21 (19.0%) in group 2 had a short duration of sleep during the night; and 20/38 (52.6%) in group 1 and 11/21 (52.4%) in group 2 woke up easily in the night. No significant difference in the average TSIs in 59 participants was found after 10 HBO2sessions. Eight participants had insomnia after the first 5 sessions, and three in group 2 had nocturnal hyperkinesia after 15 sessions. A seizure during decompression was observed in 2/59 participants (2/419 sessions).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that HBO2therapy is beneficial to improve sleep and is safe for children with CP; however, further studies are necessary to explore the mechanisms of HBO2on sleep.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment , Shenzhen People's Hospital , Shenzhen , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: b Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment , Sun Yat-Sen, Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P. R. China.|c Xinhua College , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jiewen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: d Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment , 2nd Hospital of Longgang District , Shenzhen , China.
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment , Shenzhen People's Hospital , Shenzhen , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment , Shenzhen People's Hospital , Shenzhen , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiufang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment , Shenzhen People's Hospital , Shenzhen , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chaoqun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Cerebral palsy; excessive somnolence disorder; hyperbaric oxygen treatment/therapy; sleeping