title: Biology, dynamics, and applications of transposable elements in basidiomycete fungi.
abstract: The phylum Basidiomycota includes filamentous fungi and yeast species with different ecological and genomic characteristics. Transposable elements (TEs) are abundant components of most eukaryotic genomes, and their transition from being genomic parasites to key drivers of genomic architecture, functionality, and evolution is a subject receiving much attention. In light of the abundant genomic information released during the last decade, the aims of this mini-review are to discuss the dynamics and impact of TEs in basidiomycete fungi. To do this, we surveyed and explored data from 75 genomes, which encompass the phylogenetic diversity of the phylum Basidiomycota. We describe annotation approaches and analyze TE distribution in the context of species phylogeny and genome size. Further, we review the most relevant literature about the role of TEs in species lifestyle, their impact on genome architecture and functionality, and the defense mechanisms evolved to control their proliferation. Finally, we discuss potential applications of TEs that can drive future innovations in fungal research.
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Agrarian Production, Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castanera
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Agrarian Production, Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borgognone
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Agrarian Production, Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Pisabarro
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Agrarian Production, Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain. lramirez@unavarra.es.
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0023-4240
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramírez
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D016681:Genome, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements
keywords: Basidiomycetes; Genome defense; Genome size; Lifestyle; Transposable elements