title: Volcanic tremor and plume height hysteresis from Pavlof Volcano, Alaska.
abstract: The March 2016 eruption of Pavlof Volcano, Alaska, produced an ash plume that caused the cancellation of more than 100 flights in North America. The eruption generated strong tremor that was recorded by seismic and remote low-frequency acoustic (infrasound) stations, including the EarthScope Transportable Array. The relationship between the tremor amplitudes and plume height changes considerably between the waxing and waning portions of the eruption. Similar hysteresis has been observed between seismic river noise and discharge during storms, suggesting that flow and erosional processes in both rivers and volcanoes can produce irreversible structural changes that are detectable in geophysical data. We propose that the time-varying relationship at Pavlof arose from changes in the tremor source related to volcanic vent erosion. This relationship may improve estimates of volcanic emissions and characterization of eruption size and intensity.
authors.affiliation: Alaska Volcano Observatory, Wilson Alaska Technical Center, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 903 Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA. dfee1@alaska.edu.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fee
authors.affiliation: Alaska Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, 4230 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Haney
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Science and Earth Research Institute, University of California-Santa Barbara, Webb Hall MC9630 Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
authors.forename: Robin S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Matoza
authors.affiliation: Cascades Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, 1300 Southeast Cardinal Court, Vancouver, WA 98683, USA.
authors.forename: Alexa R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Van Eaton
authors.affiliation: Alaska Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, 4230 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cervelli
authors.affiliation: Alaska Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, 4230 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Alaska Volcano Observatory, Wilson Alaska Technical Center, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 903 Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
authors.forename: Alexandra M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Iezzi