title: Antioxidant effcacy of unripe banana (Musa acuminata Colla) peel extracts in sunflower oil during accelerated storage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sunflower oil is prone to oxidation during storage time, leading to production of toxic compounds that might affect human health. Synthetic antioxidants are used to prevent lipid oxidation. Spreading interest in the replacement of synthetic food antioxidants by natural ones has fostered research on fruit and vegetables for new antioxidants.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, the efficacy of unripe banana peel extracts (100, 200 and 300 ppm)  in stabilizing sunflower oil was tested under accelerated storage (65°C) for a period of 24 days. BHA and α-tocopherol served as comparative standards besides the control. Established parameters such as peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), p-anisidine value (p-AnV), total oxidation value (TOTOX), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and free fatty acid (FFA) content were used to assess the extent of oil deterioration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 24 days storage at 65°C, sunflower oil containing 200 and 300 ppm extract of unripe banana peel showed significantly lower PV and TOTOX compared to BHA and α-tocopherol. TBARS, p-AnV and FFA values of sunflower oil containing 200 and 300 ppm of unripe banana peel extract exhibited comparable inhibitory effects with BHA. Unripe banana peel extract at 200 and 300 ppm demonstrated inhibitory effect against both primary and secondary oxidation up to 24 days under accelerated storage conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unripe banana peel extract may be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants in the application of food industry to suppress lipid oxidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Stella Sye Chee
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: TÜB&#;TAK Marmara Research Center, Food Institute, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sui Kiat
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Winne Chiaw Mei
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Sia
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hip Seng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yim
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000032:analysis; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D063427:Food Quality; D061353:Food Storage; D005525:Food-Processing Industry / Q000191:economics; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008296:Malaysia; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000975:Antioxidants; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005520:Food Preservatives; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C013813:4-anisidine
keywords: accelerated storage; antioxidants; lipid oxidation; sunflower oil; unripe banana peel extract