title: Fusogenic Liposomes as Nanocarriers for the Delivery of Intracellular Proteins.
abstract: Direct delivery of proteins and peptides into living mammalian cells has been accomplished using phospholipid liposomes as carrier particles. Such liposomes are usually taken up via endocytosis where the main part of their cargo is degraded in lysosomes before reaching its destination. Here, fusogenic liposomes, a newly developed molecular carrier system, were used for protein delivery. When such liposomes were loaded with water-soluble proteins and brought into contact with mammalian cells, the liposomal membrane efficiently fused with the cellular plasma membrane delivering the liposomal content to the cytoplasm without degradation. To explore the key factors of proteofection processes, the complex formation of fusogenic liposomes and proteins of interest and the size and zeta potential of the formed fusogenic proteoliposoms were monitored. Intracellular protein delivery was analyzed using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Proteins such as EGFP, Dendra2, and R-phycoerythrin or peptides such as LifeAct-FITC and NTF2-AlexaFluor488 were successfully incorporated into mammalian cells with high efficiency. Moreover, correct functionality and faithful transport to binding sites were also proven for the imported proteins.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kube
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hersch
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Naumovska
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gensch
authors.forename: Johnny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franzen
authors.affiliation: Biophysical Chemistry, Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn , D-53012 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Landvogt
authors.affiliation: Biophysical Chemistry, Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn , D-53012 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan-Peter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Siebrasse
authors.affiliation: Biophysical Chemistry, Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn , D-53012 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kubitscheck
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Merkel
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8901-6804
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Csiszár
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins