title: Nutrition therapy with high intensity interval training to improve prostate cancer-related fatigue in men on androgen deprivation therapy: a study protocol.
abstract: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most prevalent, prolonged and distressing side effects of prostate cancer treatment with androgen deprivation therapy. Preliminary evidence suggests natural therapies such as nutrition therapy and structured exercise prescription can reduce symptoms of cancer-related fatigue. Men appear to change their habitual dietary patterns after prostate cancer diagnosis, yet prostate-specific dietary guidelines provide limited support for managing adverse side effects of treatment. The exercise literature has shown high intensity interval training can improve various aspects of health that are typically impaired with androgen deprivation therapy; however exercise at this intensity is yet to be conducted in men with prostate cancer. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of nutrition therapy beyond the current healthy eating guidelines with high intensity interval training for managing cancer-related fatigue in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy.
  
  
  
  This is a two-arm randomized control trial of 116 men with prostate cancer and survivors treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Participants will be randomized to either the intervention group i.e. nutrition therapy and high intensity interval training, or usual care. The intervention group will receive 20 weeks of individualized nutrition therapy from an Accredited Practising Dietitian, and high intensity interval training (from weeks 12-20 of the intervention) from an Accredited Exercise Physiologist. The usual care group will maintain their standard treatment regimen over the 20 weeks. Both groups will undertake primary and secondary outcome testing at baseline, week 8, 12, and 20; testing includes questionnaires of fatigue and quality of life, objective measures of body composition, muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, biomarkers for disease progression, as well as dietary analysis. The primary outcomes for this trial are measures of fatigue and quality of life.
  
  
  
  This study is the first of its kind to determine the efficacy of nutrition therapy above the healthy eating guidelines and high intensity interval training for alleviating prostate-cancer related fatigue. If successful, nutrition therapy and high intensity interval training may be proposed as an effective therapy for managing cancer-related fatigue and improving quality of life in men during and after prostate cancer treatment.
  
  
  
  Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12615000512527 . Trial registered on the 22/5/2015.
authors.affiliation: School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. b.baguley1@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Brenton J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Baguley
authors.affiliation: School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Tina L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.affiliation: School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Leveritt
authors.affiliation: School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.|Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
authors.forename: Olivia R L
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001315:Australia; D001823:Body Composition; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005221:Fatigue / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D000072696:High-Intensity Interval Training; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012107:Research Design; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists
keywords: Cancer related fatigue; Exercise; Nutrition therapy; Prostate cancer