title: Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Improves Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Activity in Model Diabetic Environments.
abstract: Objective:In diabetes, hyperglycemia causes the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through binding the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). Because exogenous growth factors have had little success in enhancing chronic wound healing, we investigated whether hyperglycemia-induced AGEs interfere with cellular responses to extracellular signals. We used stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), an angiogenic chemokine also known to promote stem cell recruitment in skin wounds.Approach:Human leukemia-60 (HL-60) cells and mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which express the SDF-1 receptor CXCR-4, were incubated for 24 h in medium supplemented with 25 mM d-glucose. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) was used to block RAGE activation. Response to SDF-1 was measured in cellular migration and ROS assays. A diabetic murine excisional wound model measured SDF-1 liposome and sRAGE activityin vivo.Results:Hyperglycemia led to significant accumulation of AGEs, decreased SDF-1-directed migration, and elevated baseline ROS levels; it suppressed the ROS spike normally triggered by SDF-1. sRAGE decreased the ROS baseline and restored both the SDF-1-mediated spike and cell migration. Topically applied sRAGE alone promoted healing and enhanced the effect of exogenous SDF-1 on diabetic murine wounds.Innovation:While there is interest in using growth factors to improve wound healing, this strategy is largely ineffective in diabetic wounds. We show that sRAGE may restore signaling, thus potentiating the effect of exogenously applied growth factors.Conclusion:Blocking RAGE with sRAGE restores SDF-1-mediated cellular responses in hyperglycemic environments and may potentiate the effectiveness of SDF-1 appliedin vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University , Piscataway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Melissa Przyborowski
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Olekson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University , Piscataway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Renea A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Faulknor
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Henry C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Pathology, New York University Medical Center , New York.
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University , Piscataway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berthiaume
keywords: HL60 cells; advanced glycation end-products; cell migration; hyperglycemia; intracellular calcium; peripheral mononuclear white blood cells