title: Potential Role of Protein Disulfide Isomerase in Metabolic Syndrome-Derived Platelet Hyperactivity.
abstract: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has become a worldwide epidemic, alongside with a high socioeconomic cost, and its diagnostic criteria must include at least three out of the five features: visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and high fasting glucose levels. MetS shows an increased oxidative stress associated with platelet hyperactivation, an essential component for thrombus formation and ischemic events in MetS patients. Platelet aggregation is governed by the peroxide tone and the activity of Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) at the cell membrane. PDI redox active sites present active cysteine residues that can be susceptible to changes in plasma oxidative state, as observed in MetS. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the relationship between PDI and platelet hyperactivation under MetS and its metabolic features, in spite of PDI being a mediator of important pathways implicated in MetS-induced platelet hyperactivation, such as insulin resistance and nitric oxide dysfunction. Thus, the aim of this review is to analyze data available in the literature as an attempt to support a possible role for PDI in MetS-induced platelet hyperactivation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato Simões
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gaspar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9721-7577
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trostchansky
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Marcus de Andrade
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3803-9803
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000201:enzymology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases