title: Ultrasound biomicroscopy and tonometry in ophthalmologically normal pigeon eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and tonometry in pigeons and to provide biometric reference ranges for normal pigeon eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten pigeons (Columba livia var. domestica) with ophthalmologically normal eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ophthalmic examinations, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy and tonometry, were performed to confirm that the eyes were normal. UBM was then performed on the left eye. On each obtained image, the ciliary cleft (CC) length, CC width, and CC area, and iridocorneal angle (ICA) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Richly vascularized iris was observed in all pigeon eyes. Mean intraocular pressure was 11.7 ± 1.6 mmHg, without any statistical difference between the left and right eyes. The UBM scanning procedure was well tolerated in all pigeons. Mean values of CC length, CC width, CC area, and ICA were 1.55 ± 0.17 mm, 0.36 ± 0.05 mm, 0.39 ± 0.04 mm2, and 15.17 ± 1.06°, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound biomicroscopy could be a useful diagnostic tool to evaluate anterior ocular segment of pigeons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
authors.forename: Sangwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
authors.forename: Seonmi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaegook
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
authors.forename: Eunjin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
authors.forename: Taekjin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
authors.forename: Seowoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
authors.forename: Kangmoon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001699:Biometry; D010856:Columbidae; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D007498:Iris / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008365:Manometry / Q000662:veterinary; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic / Q000662:veterinary; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular / Q000662:veterinary
keywords: Columbiformes; avian; ciliary cleft; pigeon; tonometry; ultrasound biomicroscopy