title: Evaluation of Long-term Outcomes of Correction of Severe Blepharoptosis with Advancement of External Levator Muscle Complex: Descriptive Statistical Analysis of the Results.
abstract: Evaluation of long-term results after aponeurotic blepharoptosis correction with external levator muscle complex advancement.
  
  
  
  We carried out a retrospective study with medical record review of 20 patients (40 eyes) affected by bilateral aponeurotic moderate and severe ptosis who underwent primary surgery between January 2010 and December 2013. Criteria for outcome evaluations included 3-year postoperative follow-up of upper margin reflex index (uMRD) and symmetry.
  
  
  
  3-Year postoperative follow-up showed 17 (85%) cases of successful correction of ptosis and three cases (15%) showed partial success. Two eyes showed hypocorrection, while one eye was overcorrected. The symmetry was maintained in all patients except for the oldest.
  
  
  
  External superior levator advancement is an effective procedure for moderate and severe aponeurotic blepharoptosis correction, and establishes good long-term eyelid position and symmetry.
authors.affiliation: Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi Universital Hospital, Florence, Italy innocentialessandro@alice.it.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Innocenti
authors.affiliation: Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi Universital Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi Universital Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Melita
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G.Parenti" DiSIA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dreassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Bari, Foggia, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciancio
authors.affiliation: Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi Universital Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Innocenti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Ptosis; blepharoptosis; eyelid ptosis correction; eyelid surgery; ptosis surgery outcome