title: Reduction of Motion Artifacts and Noise Using Independent Component Analysis in Task-Based Functional MRI for Preoperative Planning in Patients with Brain Tumor.
abstract: Although it is a potentially powerful presurgical tool, fMRI can be fraught with artifacts, leading to interpretive errors, many of which are not fully accounted for in routinely applied correction methods. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of data denoising by independent component analysis in patients undergoing preoperative evaluation for glioma resection compared with more routinely applied correction methods such as realignment or motion scrubbing.
  
  
  
  Thirty-five functional runs (both motor and language) in 12 consecutive patients with glioma were analyzed retrospectively by double-blind review. Data were processed and compared with the following: 1) realignment alone, 2) motion scrubbing, 3) independent component analysis denoising, and 4) both independent component analysis denoising and motion scrubbing. Primary outcome measures included a change in false-positives, false-negatives,zscore, and diagnostic rating.
  
  
  
  Independent component analysis denoising reduced false-positives in 63% of studies versus realignment alone. There was also an increase in thezscore in areas of true activation in 71.4% of studies. Areas of new expected activation (previous false-negatives) were revealed in 34.4% of cases with independent component analysis denoising versus motion scrubbing or realignment alone. Of studies deemed nondiagnostic with realignment or motion scrubbing alone, 65% were considered diagnostic after independent component analysis denoising.
  
  
  
  The addition of independent component analysis denoising of fMRI data in preoperative patients with glioma has a significant impact on data quality, resulting in reduced false-positives and an increase in true-positives compared with more commonly applied motion scrubbing or simple realignment methods.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Radiology (E.H.M.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama ehmiddlebrooks@gmail.com.
authors.forename: E H
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4418-9605
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Middlebrooks
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology (C.J.F.), University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.|Medical Imaging Consultants (C.J.F.), Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: C J
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5986-8646
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology (I.S.T., I.M.S., A.O.C.).
authors.forename: I S
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4170-6483
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Tuna
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology (I.S.T., I.M.S., A.O.C.).|North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Administration (I.M.S.), Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: I M
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5309-0984
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Schmalfuss
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery (M.R.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: M
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3193-1273
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology (I.S.T., I.M.S., A.O.C.).
authors.forename: A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9102-5793
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Old Crow
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D005910:Glioma / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*