title: Ex vivo antigen-pulsed PBMCs generate potent and long lasting immunity to infection when administered as a vaccine.
abstract: Numerous studies have demonstrated that administration of antigen (Ag)-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) is an effective strategy for enhancing immunity to tumors and infectious disease organisms. However, the generation and/or isolation of DCs can require substantial time and expense. Therefore, using inactivated F. tularensis (iFt) Ag as a model immunogen, we first sought to determine if DCs could be replaced with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during the ex-vivo pulse phase and still provide protection against Ft infection. Follow up studies were then conducted using the S. pneumoniae (Sp) vaccine Prevnar ®13 as the Ag in the pulse phase followed by immunization and Sp challenge. In both cases, we demonstrate that PBMCs can be used in place of DCs when pulsing with iFt and/or Prevnar ®13 ex vivo and re-administering the Ag-pulsed PBMCs as a vaccine. In addition, utilization of the i.n. route for Ag-pulsed PBMC administration is superior to use of the i.v. route in the case of Sp immunization, as well as when compared to direct injection of Prevnar ®13 vaccine i.m. or i.n. Furthermore, this PBMC-based vaccine strategy provides a more marked and enduring protective immune response and is also capable of serving as a multi-organism vaccine platform. The potential for this ex-vivo vaccine strategy to provide a simpler, less time consuming, and less expensive approach to DC-based vaccines and vaccination in general is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-151, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
authors.forename: Sudeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-151, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
authors.forename: Raju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sunagar
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-151, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
authors.forename: Giang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-151, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, United States. Electronic address: gossele@mail.amc.edu.
authors.forename: Edmund J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Gosselin
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-151, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nalin
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005604:Francisella tularensis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014406:Tularemia / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines
keywords: Dendritic cells; Francisella tularensis; Intranasal vaccine; Mucosal vaccine platform; PBMCs; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Vaccine