title: Automated 3D-printed unibody immunoarray for chemiluminescence detection of cancer biomarker proteins.
abstract: A low cost three-dimensional (3D) printed clear plastic microfluidic device was fabricated for fast, low cost automated protein detection. The unibody device features three reagent reservoirs, an efficient 3D network for passive mixing, and an optically transparent detection chamber housing a glass capture antibody array for measuring chemiluminescence output with a CCD camera. Sandwich type assays were built onto the glass arrays using a multi-labeled detection antibody-polyHRP (HRP = horseradish peroxidase). Total assay time was ∼30 min in a complete automated assay employing a programmable syringe pump so that the protocol required minimal operator intervention. The device was used for multiplexed detection of prostate cancer biomarker proteins prostate specific antigen (PSA) and platelet factor 4 (PF-4). Detection limits of 0.5 pg mL-1were achieved for these proteins in diluted serum with log dynamic ranges of four orders of magnitude. Good accuracy vs. ELISA was validated by analyzing human serum samples. This prototype device holds good promise for further development as a point-of-care cancer diagnostics tool.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, USA. james.rusling@uconn.edu.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, USA. james.rusling@uconn.edu.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaze
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, USA. james.rusling@uconn.edu and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA and Dept. of Surgery, and Neag Cancer Center, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Av., Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA and School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland at Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: J F
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6117-3306
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rusling
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen