title: A Cotinine in Freeze-Dried Urine Reference Material.
abstract: A cotinine in freeze-dried urine reference material (RM 8444) was prepared at three concentrations: (1) a "blank" level typical of nonsmokers with no exposure to cigarette smoke, (2) a "low" level corresponding to nonsmokers with passive exposure to side-stream smoke, and (3) a "high" level typical of smokers. Low- and high-level materials were prepared gravimetrically from pooled urine by the addition of appropriate amounts of cotinine Perchlorate. Cotinine was determined by GC-MS using cotinine-d3) as an internal standard. No evidence for sample inhomogeneity was observed. This reference material will fulfill a need for a urine-based standard to assist in the validation of field methods used for assessing exposure to cigarette smoke.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
authors.forename: Lane C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
authors.forename: Gary D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Byrd
keywords: GC-MS; cotinine; cotinine Perchlorate; passive smoking; side stream smoke; standards; tobacco