title: The effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on small intestinal barrier function and mucosal gene transcription; a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three Lactobacillus plantarum strains on in-vivo small intestinal barrier function and gut mucosal gene transcription in human subjects. The strains were selected for their differential effects on TLR signalling and tight junction protein rearrangement, which may lead to beneficial effects in a stressed human gut mucosa. Ten healthy volunteers participated in four different intervention periods: 7-day oral intake of either L. plantarum WCFS1, CIP104448, TIFN101 or placebo, proceeded by a 4 weeks wash-out period. Lactulose-rhamnose ratio (an indicator of small intestinal permeability) increased after intake of indomethacin, which was given as an artificial stressor of the gut mucosal barrier (mean ratio 0.06 ± 0.04 to 0.10 ± 0.06, p = 0.001), but was not significantly affected by the bacterial interventions. However, analysis in small intestinal biopsies, obtained by gastroduodenoscopy, demonstrated that particularly L. plantarum TIFN101 modulated gene transcription pathways related to cell-cell adhesion with high turnover of genes involved in tight- and adhesion junction protein synthesis and degradation (e.g. actinin alpha-4, metalloproteinase-2). These effects were less pronounced for L. plantarum WCFS1 and CIP104448. In conclusion, L. plantarum TIFN101 induced the most pronounced probiotic properties with specific gene transcriptional effects on repair processes in the compromised intestine of healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food &Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.|Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Zlatan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mujagic
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food &Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.|University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, dept. Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Vos
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food &Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.|Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Boekschoten
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food &Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.|Food &Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Coen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Govers
authors.affiliation: Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harm-Jan H M
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Pieters
authors.affiliation: Food &Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nicole J W
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food &Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.|NIZO Food Research, Ede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Bron
authors.affiliation: Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ad A M
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Masclee
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food &Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.|Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Freddy J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Troost
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004384:Duodenoscopy; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000254:growth & development*; D007792:Lactulose / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012210:Rhamnose / Q000032:analysis; D016482:Urinalysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D010919:Placebos; D007792:Lactulose; D012210:Rhamnose