title: Lipid and protein oxidation levels in spermatozoa and seminal plasma of Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) and their relationship with semen parameters.
abstract: Peroxidation damage to spermatozoa and seminal plasma has an important role in sperm quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the levels of lipid and protein oxidation in spermatozoa and seminal plasma of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) with varying percentage of progressive motility. Lipid and protein oxidation was measured by the thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) assay and the 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) carbonyl groups assay, respectively. Fresh semen samples were collected from Asian elephants and classified according to the percentage of motile spermatozoa into good (>60%) and poor (≤20%) motility. Results revealed that seminal plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and seminal plasma protein carbonyls (PCs) were significantly higher in poor motility than in good motility (p < .05). The MDA and PC levels in seminal plasma were negatively correlated with the percentages of progressive motility (p < .05). In addition, the negative correlation between sperm concentration and seminal plasma MDA level was investigated (p < .05). The sperm viability was also negatively correlated with sperm PC level (p < .05). This study indicated that lipid and protein oxidation has deleterious effect on semen quality of Asian elephants.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.|Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology of North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satitmanwiwat
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Promthep
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buranaamnuay
authors.affiliation: The Thai Elephant Conservation Center, National Elephant Institute of Thailand, The Forest Industry Organization, Lampang, Thailand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahasawangkul
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saikhun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004606:Elephants / Q000502:physiology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000737:chemistry; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012661:Semen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D011506:Proteins; D008315:Malondialdehyde