title: Enhancement of Dose Response and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Image of PAGAT Polymer Gel Dosimeter by Adding Silver Nanoparticles.
abstract: In the present study, the normoxic polyacrylamide gelatin and tetrakis hydroxy methyl phosphoniun chloride (PAGAT) polymer gel dosimeters were synthesized with and without the presence of silver (Ag) nanoparticles. The amount of Ag nanoparticles varied from 1 to 3 ml with concentration 3.14 g/l, thus forming two types of PAGAT polymer gel dosimeters before irradiating them with 6 to 25 Gy produced by 1.25-MeV 60Co gamma rays. In this range, the predominant gamma ray interaction with matter is by Compton scattering effect, as the photoelectric absorption effect diminishes. MRI was employed when evaluating the polymerization of the dosimeters and the gray scale of the MRI film was determined via an optical densitometer. Subsequent analyses of optical densities revealed that the extent of polymerization increased with the increase in the absorbed dose, while the increase of penetration depth within the dosimeters has a reverse effect. Moreover, a significant increase in the optical density-dose response (11.82%) was noted for dosimeters containing 2 ml Ag nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rahim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sabbaghizadeh
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Roslinda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shamsudin
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physics, University Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Najmeh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Deyhimihaghighi
authors.affiliation: Materials Engineering Department, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Arman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sedghi
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D012834:Silver
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; C016680:polyacrylamide gels; D012834:Silver; C014787:Pyroset TKP