title: Gibberellins regulate iron deficiency-response by influencing iron transport and translocation in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa).
abstract: Gibberellins (GAs) are a class of plant hormones with diverse functions. However, there has been little information on the role of GAs in response to plant nutrient deficiency.
  
  
  
  To evaluate the roles of GAs in regulation of Fe homeostasis, the effects of GA on Fe accumulation and Fe translocation in rice seedlings were investigated using wild-type, a rice mutant ( eui1 ) displaying enhnaced endogenous GA concentrations due to a defect in GA deactivation, and transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsEUI .
  
  
  
  Exposure to Fe-deficient medium significantly reduced biomass of rice plants. Both exogenous application of GA and an endogenous increase of bioactive GA enhanced Fe-deficiency response by exaggerating foliar chlorosis and reducing growth. Iron deficiency significantly suppressed production of GA 1 and GA 4 , the biologically active GAs in rice. Exogenous application of GA significantly decreased leaf Fe concentration regardless of Fe supply. Iron concentration in shoot of eui1 mutants was lower than that of WT plants under both Fe-sufficient and Fe-deficient conditions. Paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis, alleviated Fe-deficiency responses, and overexpression of EUI significantly increased Fe concentration in shoots and roots. Furthermore, both exogenous application of GA and endogenous increase in GA resulting from EUI mutation inhibited Fe translocation within shoots by suppressing OsYSL2 expression, which is involved in Fe transport and translocation.
  
  
  
  The novel findings provide compelling evidence to support the involvement of GA in mediation of Fe homeostasis in strategy II rice plants by negatively regulating Fe transport and translocation.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China.|Research Network of Global Change Biology, Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Baolan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Haifang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China.|Research Network of Global Change Biology, Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen-Hao
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D007501:Iron
keywords: Fe deficiency; Fe transport and translocation; Rice (Oryza sativa); gibberellins; strategy II plant