title: How Reliable Is Microscopy and Culture for the Diagnosis of Gonorrhea? An 11-Year Experience from INDIA.
abstract: Positivity of microscopy and culture was greater (P < 0.0001) in men with urethral discharge syndrome (65.8%) than in women with vaginal/cervical discharge (0.5%), indicating that basic diagnostic tests may not be cost-effective for diagnosis of vaginal/cervical discharge syndrome. Microscopy when compared with culture showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 95.4%, 77.6%, 84.6%, and 95.3%, in men, whereas in women, it was 77.8%, 99.9%, 92.1%, and 99.9%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: From the Apex Regional STD Teaching, Training & Research Centre, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Aradhana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: Manju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bala
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Naveen Chandra
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kakran
authors.forename: Poonam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puri
authors.forename: Niti
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khunger
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramesh
authors.forename: Ashok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Saxena
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology; D019522:Vaginal Discharge / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology