title: Pheochromocytoma in Urologic Practice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pheochromocytoma is regularly encountered in urological practice and requires a thoughtful and careful clinical approach.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review clinical aspects of management of pheochromocytoma in urologic practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of English-language literature was performed through year 2015 using the Medline database. Manuscripts were selected with consensus of the coauthors and evaluated using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings and recommendations of the evaluated manuscripts are discussed with an emphasis on the description of presentation, diagnosis, evaluation, and perioperative care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to surgical expertise, appropriate management of pheochromocytoma in urologic practice requires nuanced understanding of pathophysiology, genetics, and endocrinological principles. When skillfully managed, the vast majority of patients with pheochromocytoma should expect an excellent prognosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this article we review the clinical approach to patients with pheochromocytoma, a tumor that stems from the innermost part of the adrenal gland and that often secretes excessive amounts of powerful hormones such as noradrenaline and adrenaline. Significant expertise is required to appropriately manage patients with these tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to surgical expertise, appropriate management of pheochromocytoma in urologic practice requires nuanced understanding of pathophysiology, genetics, and endocrinological principles. When skillfully managed, vast majority of patients with pheochromocytoma should expect an excellent prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Waingankar
authors.affiliation: SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
authors.forename: Gennady
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bratslavsky
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Camilo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.affiliation: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kutikov
keywords: Adrenal; Adrenalectomy; Blockade; Pheochromocytoma; catecholamines metanephrines hypertension