title: Stem Cell Recipes of Bone Marrow and Fish: Just What the Stroke Doctors Ordered.
abstract: Stem cell therapy for stroke has advanced from the laboratory to the clinic, but remains as an experimental treatment. Two lines of transplant regimens have emerged, namely the "early bird" peripheral injections in subacute stroke patients and the "late night" direct intracerebral treatments in chronic stroke patients. Autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells, which only required minimal manipulations during graft cell preparation, gained fast-track entry into the clinic, while gene modified stem cells necessitated overcoming more stringent regulatory criteria before they were approved for clinical use. Safety of the stem cell therapy can be declared from these clinical trials, but efficacy warrants further investigations. Here, we offer insights into the translation of cell therapy from the laboratory to the clinic, in the hopes that highlighting the lessons we learned from this experience will guide the optimization of functional outcomes of future clinical trials of stem cell therapy for stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Napoli
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA. cborlong@health.usf.edu.
authors.forename: Cesar V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Borlongan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020521:Stroke / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Clinical trials; Ischemic stroke; Stem cell therapy; Translational research