title: Efficacy and safety of adding ripasudil to existing treatment regimens for reducing intraocular pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ripasudil accelerates aqueous humour drainage along the trabecular meshwork-Schlemm's canal route and has been approved for clinical use in Japan. We retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of adding ripasudil to existing treatment regimens to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 119 eyes from 119 subjects (61 men, 58 women) with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who had ripasudil added to their treatment regimens between December 2014 and June 2015 were included. An average of 3.8 ± 1.0 anti-glaucoma medications was in use before adding ripasudil. Subjects were divided into four groups based on the number of medications included in the original treatment regimen: ≤2, 3, 4, or ≥5 medications. The IOP was compared before and after 1 and 3 months of treatment with ripasudil for all subjects and between groups. Patients for whom ripasudil use was discontinued within 3 months were also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IOP was significantly lower in all patients after 1 month (17.5 ± 4.5 mmHg) and 3 months (16.8 ± 4.2 mmHg) of treatment than it was before (19.8 ± 5.3 mmHg, p < 0.0001). All groups were equivalent in the rate and magnitude of IOP change. Ripasudil administration was discontinued in five patients (4.2%) prior to the end of the study: three were lost to follow-up and two underwent glaucoma surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding ripasudil to existing glaucoma treatment regimens is effective and safe in reducing IOP, regardless of the number of medications in use.
authors.affiliation: Inouye Eye Hospital, 4-3 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan. inoue-k@inouye-eye.or.jp.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Inouye Eye Hospital, 4-3 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.affiliation: Inouye Eye Hospital, 4-3 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiokawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Ota-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Ota-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Goji
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tomita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007546:Isoquinolines; C584679:K-115; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D013449:Sulfonamides
keywords: Intraocular pressure; Ripasudil; Safety; Schlemm’s canal; Trabecular meshwork