title: Optimizing the phosphorus use in cotton by using CSM-CROPGRO-cotton model for semi-arid climate of Vehari-Punjab, Pakistan.
abstract: Crop nutrient management is an essential component of any cropping system. With increasing concerns over environmental protection, improvement in fertilizer use efficiencies has become a prime goal in global agriculture system. Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important nutrients, and strategies are required to optimize its use in important arable crops like cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) that has great significance. Sustainable P use in crop production could significantly avoid environmental hazards resulting from over-P fertilization. Crop growth modeling has emerged as an effective tool to assess and predict the optimal nutrient requirements for different crops. In present study, Decision Support System for Agro-technology Transfer (DSSAT) sub-model CSM-CROPGRO-Cotton-P was evaluated to estimate the observed and simulated P use in two cotton cultivars grown at three P application rates under the semi-arid climate of southern Punjab, Pakistan. The results revealed that both the cultivars performed best at medium rate of P application (57 kg ha-1) in terms of days to anthesis, days to maturity, seed cotton yield, total dry matter production, and harvest index during 2013 and 2014. Cultivar FH-142 performed better than MNH-886 in terms of different yield components. There was a good agreement between observed and simulated days to anthesis (0 to 1 day), days to maturity (0 to 2 days), seed cotton yield, total dry matter, and harvest index with an error of -4.4 to 15%, 12-7.5%, and 13-9.5% in MNH-886 and for FH-142, 4-16%, 19-11%, and 16-8.3% for growing years 2013 and 2014, respectively. CROPGRO-Cotton-P would be a useful tool to forecast cotton yield under different levels of P in cotton production system of the semi-arid climate of Southern Punjab.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Vehari, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Asad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Vehari, Pakistan. wajidnaseem2001@gmail.com.|CIHEAM-Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (IAMM), 3191 route de Mende, Montpellier, France. wajidnaseem2001@gmail.com.|CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, National Research Flagship, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. wajidnaseem2001@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wajid
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nasim
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Vehari, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mubeen
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Vehari, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nadeem
authors.affiliation: Adaptive Research Farm, Punjab Agriculture Department, Vehari, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Liaqat
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Vehari, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hafiz Mohkum
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hammad
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Vehari, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Syeda Refat
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Khawar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jabran
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan.|AgWeatherNet Program, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, 99350-8694, USA.
authors.forename: M Habib Ur
authors.initials: MHU
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shakeel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahwalpur-Pakistan, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Awais
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
authors.forename: Atta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rasool
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China. shah.fahad@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fahad
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
authors.forename: Shah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saud
authors.affiliation: MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Adnan Noor
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Zahid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ihsan
authors.affiliation: The Chinese Institute of Water-saving Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
authors.forename: Shahzad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, QLD, Toowoomba, 4350, Australia.
authors.forename: Ali Ahsan
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bajwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid Rehman
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hakeem
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ameen
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan.
authors.lastname: Amanullah
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hafeez Ur
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Fahad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alghabar
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Hydrabad, Sindh, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ghulam Hussain
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Jatoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Vehari, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akram
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germpalsm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Syed Tahir
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Ata-Ul-Karim
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Ishaq Asif
authors.initials: MIA
authors.lastname: Rehmani
authors.affiliation: China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sajid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry, Northeast Forest University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Razaq
authors.affiliation: Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fathi
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D003889:Desert Climate; D005308:Fertilizers; D003368:Gossypium; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010154:Pakistan; D010758:Phosphorus
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D010758:Phosphorus
keywords: Cotton cultivars; Crop modeling; DSSAT; Environmental protection; Phosphorus