title: Single use versus reuse of endoscopy biopsy forceps: A survey of patient preference.
abstract: Although there are no confirmatory data on this, we suspect that most endoscopy centres in India reuse single-use ('disposable') endoscopic biopsy forceps due to the cost of these forceps and the perceived low risk of infection transmission on reuse. Low-cost single-use biopsy forceps are now available in India, bringing into question the justification for such a practice. We aimed to determine the type of forceps (single-use or reused) patients would prefer during endoscopy for themselves, whether this is dependent on cost, and what cost would be acceptable to them.
  
  
  
  Among patients (conveniently selected from indoor or outdoor) reporting for endoscopy at the division of gastroenterology at a private tertiary-level hospital, we distributed an information sheet about the survey 30-45 minutes before the procedure. After they completed reading the sheet, an endoscopy nurse and/or doctor explained the study. The patient then completed a questionnaire of multiple choices with tick boxes.
  
  
  
  Of 151 patients approached, 4 declined to participate. Of 147 patients surveyed (age range 16-83 years; 82 men), 127 (86.4%) preferred single-use forceps, 16 (10.9%) preferred reused forceps, and 4 (2.7%) could not decide and left the decision to the physician. When informed that single-use forceps may be available for about ₹1000 (approximately US$ 15), 131 patients (89.1%) preferred these forceps, 11 (7.4%) preferred reused forceps, and 5 (3.4%) could not decide. Forty-four patients (33.1%) stated that an acceptable cost for a forceps for them would be ₹500 (approximately US$ 8), for 65 patients (48.9%) patients it was ₹1000, and for 24 (18.1%) it was ₹1500.
  
  
  
  About 90% of patients in this survey preferred single-use forceps; a cost of ₹1000 for single-use forceps was acceptable to over two-thirds of them.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterolog, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai 400016, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davavala
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterolog, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai 400016, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterolog, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai 400016, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Devendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterolog, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai 400016, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterolog, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai 400016, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterolog, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai 400016, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Hrishikesh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Samant
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017743:Equipment Reuse / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057240:Patient Preference / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D055815:Young Adult