title: Natriuretic Peptides in Anxiety and Panic Disorder.
abstract: Natriuretic peptides exert pleiotropic effects on the cardiovascular system, including natriuresis, diuresis, vasodilation, and lusitropy, by signaling through membrane-bound guanylyl cyclases. In addition to their use as diagnostic and prognostic markers for heart failure, accumulating behavioral evidence suggests that these hormones also modulate anxiety symptoms and panic attacks. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the role of natriuretic peptides in animal and human anxiety and highlights some novel aspects from recent clinical studies on this topic.
authors.affiliation: University of Göttingen Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: thomas.meyer@med.uni-goettingen.de.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: University of Göttingen Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herrmann-Lingen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D005239:Fear; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D000066829:Neuroprotection; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000378:metabolism*; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems
chemical_list: D045265:Natriuretic Peptides; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C058930:brain natriuretic peptide receptor; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor
keywords: Anxiety; Natriuretic peptide receptors; Natriuretic peptides; Neuroprotection; Preprohormones; Stress response