title: Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (CCAM) is an uncommon developmental deformity affecting the terminal respiratory structures. It is characterized by broncho pulmonary foregut malformations. The reason behind it is an arrest in lung development between 4thand 7thweek of fetal life.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was conducted to assess the clinical and radiological profile and also to study the role of surgical intervention in patients with CCAM.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients with clinical suspicion or provisional diagnosis of CCAM were included in the study. A clinical questionnaire was prepared to collect data. Computed Tomography (CT) chest with High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) was done for all the patients. Patients were assessed by paediatric surgeon and eligible patients were operated. The procedure conducted was usually open thoracotomy under general anaesthesia. The affected lobes were removed and specimens were sent for histopathological analysis. All included patients were followed up prospectively to find out about their current level of health. Via telephonic interview they were asked about their overall growth, quality of life, activity, rate of respiratory infections and requirement of hospital admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total 15 patients with diagnosis of CCAM were included in the study. Of them, 8 (53.3%) were male. The commonest presentation was cough 13(86%), breathing difficulty 11(73%), fever 9(60%), recurrent pneumonia 4(26%), hypoxia requiring oxygen supplementation 6(40%), others 2(12%). Thirteen patients required surgical intervention and underwent lobectomy. There were 2 cases of type I, one each of type II and III, 3 case of type IV while 5 were intermediate type. There was no procedure related mortality. The median duration of hospital stay and all were successfully discharged with median duration of stay 11±16 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study concludes that if recognized early, surgical removal of affected lung prevents the complications like recurrent pulmonary infections. The surgery is well tolerated without any post-operative mortality or morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Professor, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences , Ponekara, Kochi, Kerala, India .
authors.forename: Asmita Anilkumar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: Clinical Professor, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences , Ponekara, Kochi, Kerala, India .
authors.forename: Naveen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Viswanathan
authors.affiliation: Clinical Professor, Department of Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences , Ponekara, Kochi, Kerala, India .
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Vasudevan
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences , Ponekara, Kochi, Kerala, India .
authors.forename: Roopa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paulose
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences , Ponekara, Kochi, Kerala, India .
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abraham
keywords: Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation; Pulmonary infection; Surgical resection