title: Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase (G6PI) Mediates Hypoxia-Induced Angiogenesis in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
abstract: The higher level of Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (G6PI) has been found in both synovial tissue and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, while the function of G6PI in RA remains unclear. Herein we found the enrichment of G6PI in microvascular endothelial cells of synovial tissue in RA patients, where a 3% O2hypoxia environment has been identified. In order to determine the correlation between the high G6PI level and the low oxygen concentration in RA, a hypoxia condition (~3% O2) in vitro was applied to mimic the RA environment in vivo. Hypoxia promoted cellular proliferation of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs), and induced cell migration and angiogenic tube formation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs), which were accompanied with the increased expression of G6PI and HIF-1α. Through application of G6PI loss-of-function assays, we confirmed the requirement of G6PI expression for those hypoxia-induced phenotype in RA. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time that G6PI plays key roles in regulating VEGF secretion from RASFs to regulate the hypoxia-induced angiogenesis in RA. Taken together, we demonstrated a novel pathway regulating hypoxia-induced angiogenesis in RA mediated by G6PI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shan-Shan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Sha-Sha
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tian-Bao
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ru-Han
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Shan
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lie-Ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005956:Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D017746:Joint Capsule / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C554959:GPI protein, human; D005956:Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase