title: Hemodynamic Support With a Microaxial Percutaneous Left Ventricular Assist Device (Impella) Protects Against Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing High-Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly in those with severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. The impact of partial hemodynamic support with a microaxial percutaneous left ventricular assist device (pLVAD) on renal function after high-risk PCI remains unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We tested the hypothesis that partial hemodynamic support with the Impella 2.5 microaxial pLVAD during high-risk PCI protected against AKI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this retrospective, single-center study, we analyzed data from 230 patients (115 consecutive pLVAD-supported and 115 unsupported matched-controls) undergoing high-risk PCI with ejection fraction ≤35%. The primary outcome was incidence of in-hospital AKI according to AKI network criteria. Logistic regression analysis determined the predictors of AKI. Overall, 5.2% (6) of pLVAD-supported patients versus 27.8% (32) of unsupported control patients developed AKI (P<0.001). Similarly, 0.9% (1) versus 6.1% (7) required postprocedural hemodialysis (P<0.05). Microaxial pLVAD support during high-risk PCI was independently associated with a significant reduction in AKI (adjusted odds ratio, 0.13; 95% confidence intervals, 0.09-0.31;P<0.001). Despite preexisting CKD or a lower ejection fraction, pLVAD support protection against AKI persisted (adjusted odds ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence intervals, 0.25-0.83;P=0.04 and adjusted odds ratio, 0.16; 95% confidence intervals, 0.12-0.28;P<0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Impella 2.5 (pLVAD) support protected against AKI during high-risk PCI. This renal protective effect persisted despite the presence of underlying CKD and decreasing ejection fraction.
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.). mpflah01@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Flaherty
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: Sadip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pant
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: Samir V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: Tyler
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kilgore
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: Sujith
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dassanayaka
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Loughran
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: Wasiq
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rawasia
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: Buddhadeb
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawn
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (M.P.F., S.P., T.K., S.D., J.H.L., W.R.); Internal Medicine, Sparks Regional Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR (S.V.P.); Cardiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.); Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.C.); and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.R.B.).
authors.forename: Carlo R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bartoli
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: acute kidney injury; hemodynamic support; left ventricular dysfunction; percutaneous coronary intervention; ventricular assist device