title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate pretreatment amends hypoxia-induced metabolic dysfunction and impairment of myogenic potential in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts by stimulating viability, calcium homeostasis and energy generation.
abstract: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has a role in transpiration in patho-physiological signaling in skeletal muscles. The present study evaluated the pre-conditioning efficacy of S1P in facilitating differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts under a normoxic/hypoxic cell culture environment. Under normoxia, exogenous S1P significantly promoted C2C12 differentiation as evident from morphometric descriptors and differentiation markers of the mature myotubes, but it could facilitate only partial recovery from hypoxia-induced compromised differentiation. Pretreatment of S1P optimized the myokine secretion, intracellular calcium release and energy generation by boosting the aerobic/anaerobic metabolism and mitochondrial mass. In the hypoxia-exposed cells, there was derangement of the S1PR1-3expression patterns, while the same could be largely restored with S1P pretreatment. This is being proposed as a plausible underlying mechanism for the observed pro-myogenic efficacy of exogenous S1P preconditioning. The present findings are an invaluable addition to the existing knowledge on the pro-myogenic potential of S1P and may prove beneficial in the field of hypoxia-related myo-pathologies.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Biology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
authors.forename: Babita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rahar
authors.affiliation: Experimental Biology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
authors.forename: Sonam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chawla
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic and Cell Signaling Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi, 110054, India.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic and Cell Signaling Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi, 110054, India.
authors.forename: Anant Narayan
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Division, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Leh-Ladakh, 194101, Jammu and Kashmir, India. shweta.dipas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saxena
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000187:drug effects; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008246:Lysophospholipids; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D013110:Sphingosine; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Differentiation; Hypoxia; Myogenesis; Normoxia; S1P