title: Hormone therapy for prostate cancer increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a nationwide 4-year longitudinal cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is recognized to be the preferred first-line treatment for advanced prostate cancer. However, the risk-benefit ratio of ADT remains poorly defined and the relationship between androgen depletion and dementia is not clear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients undergoing ADT for prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 24 360 prostate cancer patients were collected from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database of Taiwan. In total, 15 959 patients who underwent ADT were included in the study cohort, and another 8401 patients who did not receive ADT were included as a non-ADT cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the average 4-year follow-up period, the incidence of AD was 2.78 per 1000 person-years in the non-ADT cohort and 5.66 per 1000 person-years in the ADT cohort. After adjusting for age and all comorbidities, the combined ADT cohort was found to be 1.84 times more likely to develop AD than the non-ADT control group (95%CI 1.33-2.55, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest that ADT use is associated with an increased risk of developing AD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Urology , School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.|b Department of Urology , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jhen-Hao
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jhan
authors.affiliation: c Department of Neurology , Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yuan-Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: d Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Management Offices , Kaohsiung , Taiwan , and.
authors.forename: Yu-Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Urology , School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.|b Department of Urology , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shiao-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Guu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Urology , School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.|b Department of Urology , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.|e Department of Urology , Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012306:Risk; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT); prostate cancer