title: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults: An under recognized entity.
abstract: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a syndrome of severe immune activation with macrophage and T-cell infiltration resulting in, multi organ damage. HLH may be primary or secondary in etiology. A high index of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis and treatment. Diagnostic criteria need to be refined and newer treatment options to be explored in order to improve survival especially in adult HLH and malignancy-associated HLH (M-HLH). We report a case of malignancy associated HLH (M-HLH) in adult treated on one of the only FDA-approved protocols for adult HLH to highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of this disease entity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
authors.forename: Abdul Rashid
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematopathology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muzzafar
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Assi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schellingerhout
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
authors.forename: Zeev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Estrov
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Yerevan State Medical University, Armenia.
authors.forename: Gevorg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tamamyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
authors.forename: Hagop
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kantarjian
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
authors.forename: Naval
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Daver
keywords: Adults; Ferritin; Hemophagocytosis; Lymphohistiocytosis