title: Characterization of Curing Emissions from Conversion Varnishes.
abstract: Three commercially available conversion varnish coating "systems" (stain, sealer, and topcoat) were selected for an initial scoping study. The total volatile content of the catalyzed varnishes, as determined by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 24, ranged from 64 to 73 weight%. Uncombined (free) formaldehyde concentrations, determined by a sodium sulfite titration method, ranged from 0.15 to 0.58 weight% of the uncatalyzed varnishes. Each sealer and topcoat was also analyzed by gas chromatography (EPA Method 311). The primary volatile organic constituents included methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), isobutanol, n-butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), toluene, ethylbenzene, the xylenes, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene.
authors.affiliation: a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: McCrillis
authors.affiliation: a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.affiliation: a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: Zhishi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Krebs
authors.affiliation: b ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc. , Durham , North Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fortmann
authors.affiliation: b ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc. , Durham , North Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: Huei-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lao