title: Task set induces dynamic reallocation of resources in visual short-term memory.
abstract: Successful interaction with the environment requires the ability to flexibly allocate resources to different locations in the visual field. Recent evidence suggests that visual short-term memory (VSTM) resources are distributed asymmetrically across the visual field based upon task demands. Here, we propose that context, rather than the stimulus itself, determines asymmetrical distribution of VSTM resources. To test whether context modulates the reallocation of resources to the right visual field, task set, defined by memory-load, was manipulated to influence visual short-term memory performance. Performance was measured for single-feature objects embedded within predominantly single- or two-feature memory blocks. Therefore, context was varied to determine whether task set directly predicts changes in visual field biases. In accord with the dynamic reallocation of resources hypothesis, task set, rather than aspects of the physical stimulus, drove improvements in performance in the right- visual field. Our results show, for the first time, that preparation for upcoming memory demands directly determines how resources are allocated across the visual field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL, 33487, USA. ssheremata@fau.edu.|Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33487, USA. ssheremata@fau.edu.
authors.forename: Summer L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Sheremata
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shomstein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention; D003071:Cognition; D006801:Humans; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D014794:Visual Fields; D014796:Visual Perception; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cognitive and attentional control; Short term memory; Visual working memory