title: Goose embryonic development from oviposition through 16 hours of incubation.
abstract: Normal tables provide an objective step-wise description of the morphological development of an embryo. Such tables have been described for the chicken, turkey, quail, and duck embryos, but there is no such staging table for goose embryos. As the goose has one of the longest incubation periods of all the poultry species and embryo mortality during incubation is relatively high, a normal table of goose embryo development would be useful in assessing the morpho-genetic status of the goose embryo before and during incubation. In this study, embryos were isolated from commercial White Koluda goose eggs stored no longer than four days in a cool room (18°C) prior to incubation and after 4, 8, 12, and 16 h of incubation. Embryo staging was based on the normal tables described for the chicken by Eyal-Giladi and Kochav (EGK) and Hamburger and Hamilton (HH). Goose embryos from unincubated eggs were at Stage X and XI EGK and after 16 h of incubation the majority of embryos were between Stages 2 and 4 HH. Our results suggest that while the stage of development of the embryo in the unincubated goose egg is similar to that reported for the chicken, although the diameter of goose embryo is slighter larger. Following incubation, a goose embryo advances more slowly than a chicken embryo up to 16 h of incubation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lukaszewicz
authors.affiliation: Division of Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lason
authors.affiliation: Division of Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosenberger
authors.affiliation: Division of Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology and Biosciences Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakst
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000196:embryology; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005777:Geese / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology
keywords: blastoderm; embryo development; embryo staging; goose