title: Biermer anemia: Hematologic characteristics of 66 patients in a Clinical Hematology Unit at Senegal.
abstract: Hematological manifestations can lead to diagnosis of pernicious anemia, also known as Biermer disease and Biermer anemia. This disease has been little studied among black Africans. Our aim is to describe its diagnostic and therapeutic aspects and outcome in our practice. This descriptive study retrospectively examined the records of 66 patients with pernicious anemia seen at the Clinical Hematology Unit of Le Dantec Hospital in Senegal from January 1, 2000, to June 30, 2014. Symptoms were anemic syndrome (40 cases), hemolytic anemia (13), anemic heart failure (7), isolated pallor of the mucous membranes (5), and venous thrombosis (2). Their mean hemoglobin on diagnosis was 6.52 g/dL [1.3-15.2 g/dL], macrocytosis (52), normocytosis (14), hypochromia (4), thrombocytopenia (39), and leukopenia (28 cases). Cytopenia was associated with pancytopenia (25) and bicytopenia (18). Cytologic abnormalities were documented in 42 cases: megaloblastic erythrosis (37 cases) and hypersegmented neutrophils (24 cases). After vitamin B12 therapy - intramuscular (52) or oral (14) -, a reticulocyte crisis was noted on the 8th day and followed by correction of the blood count. Macrocytic anemia, frequently associated with thrombocytopenia and/or leukopenia, is the main hematologic sign evoking pernicious anemia. Venous thrombosis is a rare circumstance of diagnosis that must not be ignored. Intramuscular or oral vitamin B12 is recognized to be effective in these cases and reverses hematological manifestations.
authors.affiliation: Unité hématologie clinique Médecine interne Hôpital Le Dantec, 12900 Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Seynabou
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fatou Samba Diago
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oulimata Diop
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abibatou Fall
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nafissatou
mesh_terms: D000752:Anemia, Pernicious / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006405:Hematology; D006757:Hospital Units; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012675:Senegal
keywords: Biermer disease; anemia; macrocytosis; venous thrombosis; vitamin B12