title: Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 as a marker of poorer prognosis in high-grade astrocytomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Rα2) is considered a prognostic marker for gliomas according to the World Health Organization (WHO) grade. However, the expression levels of the marker vary from case to case, even within the same grade. We investigated whether IL13Rα2 could serve as a predictor of poorer prognosis in gliomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  mRNA expression of IL13Rα2 was measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in 52 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded glioma samples (4 pilocytic astrocytomas, 9 diffuse astrocytomas, 12 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 27 glioblastomas, grade IV). The expression levels were compared with regard to WHO grade, MIB-1 index, patient's age, and overall survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Real time qRT-PCR showed that IL13Rα2 is expressed in a subset of cases with a progressive increase from low- to high-grade astrocytomas (HGAs). The expression had a significant positive correlation with the MIB-1 index and advanced patient age at diagnosis. The overall survival (OS) of patients who had HGAs with higher levels of IL13Rα2 expression was significantly lower than the OS of those with HGAs with lower levels of IL13Rα2. In the 39 HGA cases studied, the median survival benefit in the lower expression group was 167.4 months. The median OS (mOS) in HGA group with lower IL13Rα2 expression was 186.4 months, while the mOS in the group with higher IL13Rα2 expression was 18.6 months (P=0.033). The hazard ratio, adjusted by fitting the Cox proportional hazard models for the mOS in the HGAs with higher IL13Rα2 levels and the HGGs with lower IL13Rα2 levels, was 5.97 (95% CI: 1.76 to 20.32).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that IL13Rα2 may be used as a marker of poorer prognosis in HGAs, even among tumors of the same grade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan - wanibuti@sapmed.ac.jp.|Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan - wanibuti@sapmed.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wanibuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kataoka-Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yayoi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.|Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.|Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shouhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noshiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.|Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ookawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.|Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mikuni
authors.affiliation: Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Honmou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053663:Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha2 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053663:Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha2 Subunit