title: Molecular Epidemiology of Ascaris Infection Among Pigs in Iowa.
abstract: Ascaris is a large roundworm parasite that infects humans and pigs throughout the world. Molecular markers have been used to study parasite transmission in Ascaris-endemic and -nonendemic regions of the world. In the United States, ascariasis still persists in commercial swine and has been designated a neglected disease of poverty in humans. However, relatively few data are available for evaluation of zoonotic transmission. In the present study, we obtained adult worms from abattoirs and characterized each worm on the basis of the gene encoding nuclear internal transcribed sequence (ITS) and mitochondrial cox1 Restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis of ITS revealed swine, human, and hybrid genotypes. cox1 sequences were compared to all complete sequences available in GenBank, and haplotype analysis demonstrated 92 haplotypes worldwide. Sequences from the parasites in this study represented 10 haplotypes, including 6 new haplotypes that have not been previously described. Our results indicate that anthropozoonotic transmission has occurred in the past, resulting in the presence of human genotypes in pigs and supporting further investigation of zoonotic Ascaris transmission in the United States.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors.forename: Jeba
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jesudoss Chelladurai
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors.forename: Kaitlyn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors.forename: Tymbrie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Snobl
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bader
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors.forename: Cody
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: West
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors.forename: Kylie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors.forename: Matthew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Brewer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001196:Ascariasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D001200:Ascaris / Q000235:genetics*; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000235:genetics; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D014943:Global Health; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1
keywords: One Health; ascariasis; ascarosis; soil-transmitted helminth; zoonosis