title: An innovative polysaccharide nanobased nail formulation for improvement of onychomycosis treatment.
abstract: Tioconazole-loaded nanocapsule suspensions and its coating with a cationic polymer were developed for nail drug delivery. The colloidal systems presented a nanometric size around 155nm for uncoated nanoparticles and 162nm for those with the cationic coating, with negative and positive zeta potential values, respectively. Both nanosuspensions showed drug content close to theoretical values (1mgmL-1), association efficiency close to 100% (HPLC) and were able to control tioconazol release. The developed formulations showed in vitro antifungal activity (agar diffusion method) against C. albicans. The cationic nanocapsules were considered bioadhesive, showed higher viscosity and were chosen to be incorporated into an ungueal formulation. Pullulan nanobased nail formulation showed adequate viscosity for nail application and drug content close to the theoretical values. It was equivalent to the commercial formulation Trosid®in preventing nail infection by T. rubrum in an in vitro onychomycosis model. The nanocapsule suspensions and Pullulan nanobased nail formulation showed lower irritant potential than the commercial formulation and than free drug in an in vitro evaluation. Pullulan nanobased nail formulation is promising for the treatment of onychomycosis.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.affiliation: Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rosso
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ruy C R
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. Electronic address: csbona@smail.ufsm.br.
authors.forename: Cristiane B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D065546:Drug Liberation; D005260:Female; D005936:Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D007509:Irritants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D014009:Onychomycosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D005936:Glucans; D007093:Imidazoles; D007509:Irritants; C009109:pullulan; C020527:tioconazole
keywords: Chitosan; Nanocapsules; Onychomycosis; Pullulan; Tioconazole; Topical treatment