title: Latent classes of caregiver relationships with patients: Workplace violence implications.
abstract: The bonds and relationships that direct care workers in the home setting (DCWHs) develop with their elderly or disabled home care patients may put them at risk for patient violence. This study used a data-driven approach, latent class analysis, to identify distinct underlying patterns of DCWH-patient relationships and then assessed how DCWH-patient class membership was associated with patient violence. This study analyzed survey data obtained from 964 DCWHs working in two not-for-profit home care agencies. Four classes of DCWH-patient relationships emerged: Non-familial (40% of the sample), Overly Concerned (14%); Boundary-keeping (22%), and Overly Involved (24%). DCWHs in the Overly Involved class were more likely to experience physical violence from their patients relative to those in the Non-familial class (probability = 0.11 vs. 0.04, p = 0.01). Building a positive relationship with boundaries between caregivers and patients may have a potential to reduce patient violence toward the caregivers and ultimately improve the quality of care.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: hb7ze@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Ha Do
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Byon
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Carla L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Storr
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lipscomb
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006699:Home Care Services; D018576:Home Health Aides / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D064450:Workplace Violence / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Caregiver; Direct care worker; Home care; Home care worker; Latent class analysis; Patient–caregiver relationship; Workplace violence