title: Effects of cococonut water and simvastatin in the treatment of sepsis and hemorrhagic shock in rats.
abstract: To evaluate the effects of modified coconut water as fluid of resuscitation combined with simvastatin in hemorrhagic shock and sepsis model in rats.
  Four groups of Wistar rats with hemorrhagic shock and abdominal sepsis were studied (n=8/group). Rats were bled and maintained at a mean blood pressure 35mmHg for 60min. They were then resuscitated with: 1) saline 0.9%; 2) coconut water+3% NaCl; 3) coconut water+NaCl 3%+simvastatin microemulsion (10 mg/kg i.v.; 4) normal coconut water. At 8h post-resuscitation, blood and lungs were collected for exams.
  Clinical scores, TNF-α, IL-1β, liver/kidney proof levels, and lung injury were significantly reduced in coconut water+NaCl 3%+simvastatin group treated rats, comparing with the other resuscitation treatments.
  Resuscitation with coconut water with Nacl 3%+simvastatin had a significant beneficial effect on downregulating cytokines and decreasing lung injury in a rat model of abdominal sepsis and hemorrhagic shock. We also demonstrated that coconut water with Nacl 3%+simvastatin administration clearly made liver and kidney function better and improved clinical score.
authors.affiliation: Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation.
authors.forename: Vanessa de Fátima Lima Paiva
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation.
authors.forename: Ítalo Medeiros
authors.initials: ÍM
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation.
authors.forename: Marília Daniela Ferreira
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Full Professor, Department of Pharmacy, UFRN, Natal-RN, Brazil. CNPq/PQ.1D fellowship. Analysis and interpretation of data, technical procedures, critical revision.
authors.forename: Eryvaldo Sócrates Tabosa
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Egito
authors.affiliation: Full Professor, Chairman, Nucleus of Experimental Surgery, UFRN, Natal-RN, Brazil. CNPq/PQ.2 fellowship. Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study; analysis and interpretation of data; critical revision.
authors.forename: Aldo Cunha
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Medeiros
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002099:Cacao; D003059:Cocos / Q000737:chemistry*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D014867:Water; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D019821:Simvastatin