title: Tackling TB in low-incidence countries: improving diagnosis and management in vulnerable populations.
abstract: In low tuberculosis incidence regions, tuberculosis is mainly concentrated among hard-to-reach populations like migrants, homeless people, drug or alcohol abusers, prisoners and people living with HIV. To be able to eliminate tuberculosis from these low incidence regions tuberculosis screening and treatment programs should focus on these hard-to-reach populations. Here we discuss the barriers and facilitators of health care-seeking, interventions improving tuberculosis screening uptake and interventions improving treatment adherence in these hard-to-reach populations.
authors.affiliation: Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: c.c.heuvelings@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Heuvelings
authors.affiliation: Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Grobusch
mesh_terms: D057229:Alcoholics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology; D055030:Drug Users / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008403:Mass Screening; D011329:Prisoners / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D035862:Vulnerable Populations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016903:Drug Monitoring
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents
keywords: identification; low-incidence countries; management; tuberculosis; vulnerable populations