title: The use of novel selectivity metrics in kinase research.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Compound selectivity is an important issue when developing a new drug. In many instances, a lack of selectivity can translate to increased toxicity. Protein kinases are particularly concerned with this issue because they share high sequence and structural similarity. However, selectivity may be assessed early on using data generated from protein kinase profiling panels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To guide lead optimization in drug discovery projects, we propose herein two new selectivity metrics, namely window score (WS) and ranking score (RS). These metrics can be applied to standard in vitro data-including intrinsic enzyme activity/affinity (Ki, IC50or percentage of inhibition), cell-based potency (percentage of effect, EC50) or even kinetics data (Kd, Kon and Koff). They are both easy to compute and offer different viewpoints from which to consider compound selectivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We performed a comparative analysis of their respective performance on several data sets against already published selectivity metrics and analyzed how they might influence compound selection. Our results showed that the two new metrics bring additional information to prioritize compound selection. Two novel metrics were developed to better estimate selectivity of compounds screened on multiple proteins.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), UMR CNRS-Université d'Orléans 7311, Université d'Orléans BP 6759, Orléans Cedex 2, 45067, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bosc
authors.affiliation: Janssen-Cilag, Centre de Recherche Pharma Janssen-Cilag, Campus de Maigremont-CS 10615, Chaussée du Vexin, Val de Reuil, 27106, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), UMR CNRS-Université d'Orléans 7311, Université d'Orléans BP 6759, Orléans Cedex 2, 45067, France. pascal.bonnet@univ-orleans.fr.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6485-138X
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonnet
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011494:Protein Kinases
keywords: Entropy score; Gini score; Kinase inhibitor; Partition index; Protein kinase; Ranking score; Selectivity; Window score