title: Heart rate variability in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2-associated Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Heart rate variability is reduced in idiopathic PD, indicating cardiac autonomic dysfunction likely resulting from peripheral autonomic synucleinopathy. Little is known about heart rate variability in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2-associated PD.
  
  
  
  This study investigated heart rate variability in LRRK2-associated PD.
  
  
  
  Resting electrocardiograms were obtained from 20 individuals with LRRK2-associated PD, 37 nonmanifesting carriers, 48 related noncarriers, 26 idiopathic PD patients, and 32 controls. Linear regression modelling compared time and frequency domain values, adjusting for age, sex, heart rate, and disease duration.
  
  
  
  Low-frequency power and the ratio of low-high frequency power were reduced in idiopathic PD versus controls (P < .008, P < .029 respectively). In contrast, individuals with LRRK2-associated PD were not statistically different from controls in any parameter measured. Furthermore, all parameters trended toward being higher in LRRK2-associated PD when compared with idiopathic PD.
  
  
  
  Heart rate variability may remain intact in LRRK2-associated PD, adding to a growing literature supporting clinical-pathologic differences between LRRK2-associated and idiopathic PD. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Naomi P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Visanji
authors.affiliation: The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California, USA.
authors.forename: Grace S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Bhudhikanok
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Tiago A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Mestre
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Taneera
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ghate
authors.affiliation: Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Kaviraj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Udupa
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Amaal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: AlDakheel
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Barbara S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gasca-Salas
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Drew S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Slow
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Achinoam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Faust-Socher
authors.affiliation: The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California, USA.
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California, USA.
authors.forename: Ruksana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azhu Valappil
authors.affiliation: The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California, USA.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kausar
authors.affiliation: Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ekaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rogaeva
authors.affiliation: The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: William Langston
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.|San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Caroline M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Tanner
authors.affiliation: The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California, USA.
authors.forename: Birgitt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schüle
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Anthony E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.|San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and Edmund J Saffra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Tornto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Connie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marras
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005998:Glycine / Q000235:genetics; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D000071158:Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012694:Serine / Q000235:genetics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D012694:Serine; C495280:LRRK2 protein, human; D000071158:Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2; D005998:Glycine
keywords: LRRK2; Parkinson's disease; autonomic dysfunction; heart rate variability