title: Off label therapies for testosterone replacement.
abstract: The incidence of hypogonadism has been steadily increasing over the last few years. Exogenous testosterone has been the standard treatment for hypogonadal men, but is associated with suppression of spermatogenesis as well as other possible adverse effects. There are other medications, currently considered "off label" for androgen replenishment, that exert their effect through modulation of the hypothalamic-gonadal axis. These medications increase endogenous testosterone levels and offer a different therapeutic approach. This review will focus on these alternative (off-label) therapies for androgen replacement in men.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: DiGiorgio
authors.affiliation: Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sadeghi-Nejad
keywords: Hypogonadism; aromatase inhibitors (AIs); clomiphene citrate (CC); testosterone replacement