title: Lowering histamine formation in a red Ribera del Duero wine (Spain) by using an indigenous O. oeni strain as a malolactic starter.
abstract: This study demonstrates for the first time that a non-commercial selected autochthonous O. oeni strain has been used to conduct malolactic fermentation (MLF) while lowering histamine formation in the same winery. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from 13 vats before and after spontaneous MLF at the Pago de Carraovejas winery from the Ribera del Duero region (Spain). Only O. oeni were present, typed and characterized, and both histamine producer and non-producers existed. From the non-producers, one strain was selected to become a starter according to its genetic profile, prevalence in the different wines in the winery, resistance to alcoholic degree, resistance to high polyphenolic content, inability to synthesise histamine, growth kinetics and malolactic activity. This starter was produced at semi-industrial levels to inoculate 20,000L of Tempranillo red wine. The inoculated vat showed 5-fold less histamine than the non-inoculated control vat. After 1year, the barrel-ageing histamine concentrations were 3-fold lower in the inoculated vat than in the non-inoculated vat.
authors.affiliation: Enolab. Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berbegal
authors.affiliation: Enolab. Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain.
authors.forename: Yaiza
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Benavent-Gil
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química y Tecnología de Alimentos, ETS Ingenieros Agrónomos Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Navascués
authors.affiliation: Finca y Bodega Pago de Carraovejas, Camino de Carraovejas, s/n, 47300 Peñafiel, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: Almudena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.affiliation: Finca y Bodega Pago de Carraovejas, Camino de Carraovejas, s/n, 47300 Peñafiel, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albors
authors.affiliation: Enolab. Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pardo
authors.affiliation: Enolab. Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain. Electronic address: sergi.ferrer@uv.es.
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrer
mesh_terms: D005285:Fermentation / Q000502:physiology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006632:Histamine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008293:Malates / Q000378:metabolism; D056585:Oenococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D013030:Spain; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D008293:Malates; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D019344:Lactic Acid; C030298:malic acid; D006632:Histamine; C037731:malolactic enzyme; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase
keywords: Biogenic amines; Histamine; Malolactic fermentation; O. oeni; Starter culture