title: Albuterol multidose dry powder inhaler efficacy and safety versus placebo in children with asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A novel, inhalation-driven, multidose dry powder inhaler (MDPI) that does not require coordination of actuation with inhalation has been developed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of albuterol MDPI versus placebo MDPI after chronic dosing in children with asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  This phase III, double-blind, parallel-group study included children with asthma (ages, 4-11 years) with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 50-95% of predicted. After a 14-day run-in period wherein the patients continued their current asthma therapy and received single-blind placebo MDPI, they were randomized to albuterol MDPI 90 μg per inhalation, two inhalations four times daily (total daily dose, 720 μg), or placebo for 3 weeks. Pulmonary function was assessed on days 1 and 22. Efficacy and safety were evaluated by measuring the baseline-adjusted percent-predicted FEV1 (PPFEV1) area under the time curve over 6 hours (AUC0-6) after the dose and adverse events, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The full analysis set included 184 patients. Patients treated with albuterol MDPI versus patients treated with placebo MDPI had significantly greater baseline-adjusted PPFEV1 AUC0-6 over 3 weeks (least squares mean difference, 25.0%•hour, which favored albuterol; p < 0.001). The benefit of albuterol (mean change in PPFEV1) was evident 5 minutes after dosing and lasted several hours; the maximal effect was noted 1 to 2 hours after dosing. Albuterol MDPI was well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In children with persistent asthma, albuterol MDPI improved pulmonary function significantly better than placebo MDPI over 3 weeks of treatment. Clinical efficacy was evident within 5 minutes of dosing and maintained for >2 hours. Four times daily administration was well tolerated.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: LaForce
authors.forename: Herminia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taveras
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iverson
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shore
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D058995:Dry Powder Inhalers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D036501:Metered Dose Inhalers; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D000420:Albuterol