title: Aspirin Blocks Orthodontic Relapse via Inhibition of CD4+T Lymphocytes.
abstract: Immunologic response plays an important role in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and relapse. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as aspirin, affect immune cells and clinical orthodontic treatment. However, the mechanisms by which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs regulate immune cells to affect orthodontic relapse are unclear. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped as relapse and relapse + aspirin for 10 d after 14 d of OTM. Silicone impressions of the rats' maxillary dentitions were obtained to record the distance of OTM at the indicated time point. CD4+T lymphocytes in spleen were examined by flow cytometry. Serum levels of type 1 T-helper (Th1) cell-associated cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of aspirin on CD4+T and Th1 cells were also analyzed in vitro. Aspirin treatment significantly reduced the relapse rate. More interestingly, injection of CD25 neutralizing antibody basiliximab or TNF-α inhibitor etanercept can significantly reduce the relapse rate as well. Correspondingly, aspirin treatment significantly accelerated the decrease of orthodontic force-induced secretion of TNF-α and IFN-γ in serum and the expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ in periodontal ligament during relapse. Furthermore, aspirin treatment in vitro significantly repressed the differentiation of CD4+T and Th1 cells. Overall, results indicated that aspirin treatment can block orthodontic relapse by regulating Th1 cells.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.|2 Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.|2 Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.|2 Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.|2 Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.|2 Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.|2 Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: X D
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 3 Center Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: 3 Center Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China.|4 Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.|2 Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: X X
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.|2 Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012008:Recurrence; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: bone remodeling/regeneration; cytokine; immunity; inflammation; oral medicine; orthodontic tooth movement