title: Characterization of the polarity of subcritical water.
abstract: The polarity of subcritical water was studied solvatochromically with betaine dye (33) across a temperature range of 30°C-180°C and a pressure range of 13.8bar (200psi) to 124bar (1800psi). It was observed that temperature has a greater effect than pressure on the polarity of subcritical water. In addition, subcritical water was compared with traditional hydro-organic mobile phases and the polarity of subcritical water was found to be comparable to a range of 30%-50% methanol/water and a range of 20%-30% acetonitrile/water mobile phases. It was concluded that subcritical water is more suited to separations involving slightly polar and polar compounds than more nonpolar analytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, United States.
authors.forename: Zahra M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Alghoul
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, United States.
authors.forename: Phillip B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Ogden
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, United States. Electronic address: dorsey@chem.fsu.edu.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Dorsey
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000737:chemistry; D001622:Betaine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D011312:Pressure; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D014867:Water; D001622:Betaine; D000432:Methanol; C032159:acetonitrile
keywords: Green chemistry; Polarity; Reichardt’s dye; Solvatochromism; Subcritical water chromatography