title: Protease Inhibitors Extracted fromCaesalpinia echinataLam. Affect Kinin Release during Lung Inflammation.
abstract: Inflammation is an essential process in many pulmonary diseases in which kinins are generated by protease action on kininogen, a phenomenon that is blocked by protease inhibitors. We evaluated kinin release in anin vivolung inflammation model in rats, in the presence or absence of CeKI (C. echinatakallikrein inhibitor), a plasma kallikrein, cathepsin G, and proteinase-3 inhibitor, and rCeEI (recombinantC. echinataelastase inhibitor), which inhibits these proteases and also neutrophil elastase. Wistar rats were intravenously treated with buffer (negative control) or inhibitors and, subsequently, lipopolysaccharide was injected into their lungs. Blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue were collected. In plasma, kinin release was higher in the LPS-treated animals in comparison to CeKI or rCeEI groups. rCeEI-treated animals presented less kinin than CeKI-treated group. Our data suggest that kinins play a pivotal role in lung inflammation and may be generated by different enzymes; however, neutrophil elastase seems to be the most important in the lung tissue context. These results open perspectives for a better understanding of biological process where neutrophil enzymes participate and indicate these plant inhibitors and their recombinant correlates for therapeutic trials involving pulmonary diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, No. 100, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ilana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cruz-Silva
authors.affiliation: School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Arlindo Bettio, No. 1000, 03828-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Viviane Abreu
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0861-4392
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Doutor Carvalho de Mendonça, No. 144, 11070-100 Santos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrezza Justino
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1800-5796
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gozzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, No. 100, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Praxedes-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, No. 100, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aparecida Sadae
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Japan Health Care College, Sinei 434-1, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, No. 100, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Silva
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5312-5075
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Araujo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029911:Caesalpinia; D056649:Cathepsin G / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007704:Kininogens / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000494:pharmacology; D020842:Plasma Kallikrein / Q000378:metabolism; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D012639:Seeds
chemical_list: D007704:Kininogens; D064209:Phytochemicals; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D056649:Cathepsin G; D020842:Plasma Kallikrein