title: Factors affecting the course of body and kidney growth in infants with urolithiasis: A critical long-term evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possible effects of dietary, patient and stone related factors on the clinical course of the stone disease as well as the body and renal growth status of the infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 children with an history of stone disease during infancy period were studied. Patient (anatomical abnormalities, urinary tract infection - UTI, associated morbidities), stone (obstruction, UTI and required interventions) and lastly dietary (duration of sole breast feeding, formula feeding) related factors which may affect the clinical course of the disease were all evaluated for their effects on the body and renal growth during long-term follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the children was 2.40 ± 2.65 years. Our findings demonstrated that infants receiving longer period of breast feeding without formula addition seemed to have a higher rate of normal growth percentile values when compared with the other children. Again, higher frequency of UTI and stone attacks affected the growth status of the infants in a remarkable manner than the other cases. Our findings also demonstrated that thorough a close follow-up and appropriately taken measures; the possible growth retardation as well as renal growth problems could be avoided in children beginning to suffer from stone disease during infancy period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Duration of breast feeding, frequency of UTI, number of stone attacks and stone removal procedures are crucial factors for the clinical course of stone disease in infants that may affect the body as well as kidney growth during long-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic, Istanbul. saricakemal@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sarica
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Narter
authors.forename: Kubilay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sabuncu
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akca
authors.forename: Utku
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Can
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buz
authors.forename: H Nese
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Sarica
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eryildirim
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007668:Kidney / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*