title: Ru-dye grafted CdS and reduced graphene oxide Ru/CdS/rGO composite: An efficient and photo tuneable electrode material for solid state dye sensitized polymer solar cells.
abstract: This article provides a facile one step synthesis of CdS (cadmium sulphide) and CdS/rGO (reduced graphene oxide CdS nanocomposites) using DMF (N, N-Dimethyl formamide) both as a solvent and a reducing agent for the reduction of grapheme oxide. XRD (X-ray diffraction), FESEM (Field emission scanning electron microscopy), EDX (Elemental dispersive X-ray analysis), TEM (Transmission electron microscopy), UV-Vis (UV-visible) and Raman spectroscopy have been employed for the characterization of prepared samples. The prepared nano-composite was photosensitized with three well known Ru (Ruthenium) dyes i.e. N3 [cis-Bis(isothiocyanato) bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylato ruthenium(II))], N719 [Di-tetrabutylammoniumcis-bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylato) ruthenium (II)] and Z907 [cis-Bis(isothiocyanato)(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylato)(4,4'-di-nonyl-2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)]. The effect of concentration and number of anchoring groups on the grafting was extensively studied in order to explore structure-activity relationship. Photosensitization of CdS/rGO nanocomposite was evidenced by UV-Visible, PL (Photoluminiscence), FT-IR (Fourier transform infra-red) spectroscopy and I-V (current-voltage measurements). The prepared samples were found as effective electrode materials for application in SSDSSCs (solid state dye sensitized solar cells) with a maximum output efficiency of 1.01% which is two times higher than the reference device under the same experimental conditions. The components of the synthesized nanohybrid material were found to be capable of providing a uni-directional and cascade path for the flow of electrons and holes in the desired directions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Erum
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nosheen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan. Electronic address: smschem69@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Syed Mujtaba
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zafar
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Iqbal
mesh_terms: D019187:Cadmium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000737:chemistry*; D012993:Solar Energy; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D019187:Cadmium Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D010087:Oxides; D011108:Polymers; D013440:Sulfides; C034939:cadmium sulfide; D006108:Graphite; D012428:Ruthenium
keywords: Chalcogenide; Charge transfer; Graphene oxide; Photosensitization; Ruthenium dye; SSDSSCs