title: Development of a Microsoft Excel tool for one-parameter Rasch model of continuous items: an application to a safety attitude survey.
abstract: Many continuous item responses (CIRs) are encountered in healthcare settings, but no one uses item response theory's (IRT) probabilistic modeling to present graphical presentations for interpreting CIR results. A computer module that is programmed to deal with CIRs is required. To present a computer module, validate it, and verify its usefulness in dealing with CIR data, and then to apply the model to real healthcare data in order to show how the CIR that can be applied to healthcare settings with an example regarding a safety attitude survey.
  
  
  
  Using Microsoft Excel VBA (Visual Basic for Applications), we designed a computer module that minimizes the residuals and calculates model's expected scores according to person responses across items. Rasch models based on a Wright map and on KIDMAP were demonstrated to interpret results of the safety attitude survey.
  
  
  
  The author-made CIR module yielded OUTFIT mean square (MNSQ) and person measures equivalent to those yielded by professional Rasch Winsteps software. The probabilistic modeling of the CIR module provides messages that are much more valuable to users and show the CIR advantage over classic test theory.
  
  
  
  Because of advances in computer technology, healthcare users who are familiar to MS Excel can easily apply the study CIR module to deal with continuous variables to benefit comparisons of data with a logistic distribution and model fit statistics.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Department, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.|Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsair-Wei
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji Zhejiang College, Jiaxing, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan. rasch.smile@gmail.com.|Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh, Tainan City, Taiwan. rasch.smile@gmail.com.|Chi-Mei Medical Center, No. 901, Chung Hwa Road, Yung Kung Dist, Tainan, 710, Taiwan. rasch.smile@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shu-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Continuous item response; KIDMAP; Rasch model; Visual basic for application; Wright’s map