title: Precise observation of C. elegans dynamic behaviours under controlled thermal stimulus using a mobile phone-based microscope.
abstract: We investigated the temperature-dependent locomotion of Caenorhabditis elegans by using the mobile phone-based microscope. We developed the customized imaging system with mini incubator and smartphone to effectively control the thermal stimulation for precisely observing the temperature-dependent locomotory behaviours of C. elegans. Using the mobile phone-based microscope, we successfully followed the long-term progress of specimens of C. elegans in real time as they hatched and explored their temperature-dependent locomotory behaviour. We are convinced that the mobile phone-based microscope is a useful device for real time and long-term observations of biological samples during incubation, and can make it possible to carry out live observations via wireless communications regardless of location. In addition, this microscope has the potential for widespread use owing to its low cost and compact design.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Energy Convergence Technology, Pusan National University (PNU), Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: D-M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Design, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.|Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D040421:Cell Phone; D008124:Locomotion; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058998:Remote Sensing Technology / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature
keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; locomotory behaviour; microscope; mobile phone; real-time detection