title: Nephrotic syndrome associated with metastatic thymoma treated with chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nephropathy with concurrent invasive thymoma is a type of paraneoplastic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a 32-year-old female with nephrotic syndrome that was first diagnosed along with invasive thymoma and treated by means of cisplatin-based chemotherapy for the thymoma. The patient initially presented with dyspnea and generalized edema. Chest radiography and computed tomography scans revealed right pleural effusion and a mass in the right middle lung field, which were confirmed by a percutaneous lung biopsy as metastatic invasive thymoma. Severe hypoalbuminemia, heavy proteinuria, hyponatremia, and hypercholesterolemia were features of the nephrotic syndrome. A kidney needle biopsy suggested focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome were resolved simultaneously during the first 2 cycles of chemotherapy. The patient was on regular follow-up with no specific treatment for nephrotic syndrome and underwent successful resection of the left pleura and anterior thymoma. The patient has shown no evidence of recurrence for 2 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that chemotherapy for invasive thymoma is an effective treatment for nephrotic syndrome accompanying the thymoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul Division of Hemato-medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeong-gi Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju Department of Pathology, Gyeonsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Shin Hye
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Hyean-Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Gyeong-Won
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeong Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Se Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong-Ok
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yu Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Keun-Wook
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jee Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soo-Mee
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Jong Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019468:Disease Management; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D013945:Thymoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002945:Cisplatin