title: Symbiont-induced odorant binding proteins mediate insect host hematopoiesis.
abstract: Symbiotic bacteria assist in maintaining homeostasis of the animal immune system. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie symbiont-mediated host immunity are largely unknown. Tsetse flies (Glossinaspp.) house maternally transmitted symbionts that regulate the development and function of their host's immune system. Herein we demonstrate that the obligate mutualist,Wigglesworthia, up-regulates expression ofodorant binding protein sixin the gut of intrauterine tsetse larvae. This process is necessary and sufficient to induce systemic expression of the hematopoietic RUNX transcription factorlozengeand the subsequent production of crystal cells, which actuate the melanotic immune response in adult tsetse. LarvalDrosophila'sindigenous microbiota, which is acquired from the environment, regulates an orthologous hematopoietic pathway in their host. These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that underlie enteric symbiont-stimulated systemic immune system development, and indicate that these processes are evolutionarily conserved despite the divergent nature of host-symbiont interactions in these model systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States.
authors.forename: Joshua B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Benoit
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, United States.
authors.forename: Aurélien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vigneron
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States.|Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States.
authors.forename: Nichole A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6830-9456
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Broderick
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, United States.
authors.forename: Yineng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States.
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4274-0504
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States.|Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, United States.
authors.forename: John R
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0244-5180
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, United States.
authors.forename: Serap
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9941-143X
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, United States.
authors.forename: Brian L
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1576-3556
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004330:Drosophila; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007814:Larva / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D044106:Wigglesworthia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins
keywords: D. melanogaster; crystal cell; developmental biology; hematopoiesis; immunology; odorant binding protein; stem cells; symbiont; tsetse fly