title: Relation between Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
abstract: Data on the association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cardiovascular disease and mortality are conflicting. The purpose of this report is to conduct a systematic review to better understand the role of AMD as a risk factor for CVD events and mortality. We searched Medline (Ovid) and Embase (Ovid) for trials published from 1980 to 2015. We included 20 cohort studies that reported relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for the association of AMD and cardiovascular events and mortality, involving 29,964,334 participants. In a random-effects model, the adjusted RR (95% confidence interval [CI]) associated with AMD was 1.08 (1.00-1.117) for all-cause mortality (8 studies) and 1.18 (0.98-1.43) for cardiovascular disease mortality (5 studies). The pooled RR (95% CI) was 1.17 (0.94-1.45) for coronary heart disease (CHD; 3 studies) and 1.13 (0.93-1.36) for stroke (8 studies). Findings from this systematic review support that AMD is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality. The evidence that AMD predicts incident CVD events or CVD mortality remains inclusive and warrants further study in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xueyuanxi Road, No. 109, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xueyuanxi Road, No. 109, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
authors.forename: Yangjing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xueyuanxi Road, No. 109, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
authors.forename: Saroj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thapa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xueyuanxi Road, No. 109, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
authors.forename: Luping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xueyuanxi Road, No. 109, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
authors.forename: Jifei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xueyuanxi Road, No. 109, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
authors.forename: Kangting
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3891-8741
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality