title: Brown-Sequard syndrome associated with Horner syndrome following cervical disc herniation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brown-Sequard syndrome (BSS) has been reported in patients with various spinal pathologies, including spinal traumatic injuries, spinal cord neoplasms, epidural hematomas and spinal cord ischemia. Pure BSS caused by cervical disc herniation is very rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a rare case of cervical disc herniation presenting as BSS associated with Horner syndrome (HS), which has not been reported up to now. A prompt diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed by spinal cord decompression was performed. A postoperative rapid improvement of the neurological deficits was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We review the literature and discuss the functional anatomy of spinal cord of BSS combined with HS. And it is important that clinicians be aware that a MRI of spinal cord is needed for those patients with a thoracic sensory level, and that a thoracic sensory level might not only depend on the level of spinal cord injury but also on the stage of evolution of the lesion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yake
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongrui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiangang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yongfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
keywords: Development of the nervous system; Neurodegenerative diseases