title: Effects of traffic noise on tree frog stress levels, immunity, and color signaling.
abstract: During the last decade, many studies have focused on the detrimental effects of noise pollution on acoustic communication. Surprisingly, although it is known that noise exposure strongly influences health in humans, studies on wildlife remain scarce. In order to gain insight into the consequences of traffic noise exposure, we experimentally manipulated traffic noise exposure as well as the endocrine status of animals to investigate physiological and phenotypic consequences of noise pollution in an anuran species. We showed that noise exposure increased stress hormone level and induced an immunosuppressive effect. In addition, both traffic noise exposure and stress hormone application negatively impacted H. arborea vocal sac coloration. Moreover, our results suggest profound changes in sexual selection processes because the best quality males with initial attractive vocal sac coloration were the most impacted by noise. Hence, our study suggests that the recent increases in anthropogenic noise worldwide might affect a broader range of animal species than previously thought, because of alteration of visual signals and immunity. Generalizing these results to other taxa is crucial for the conservation of biodiversity in an increasingly noisy world.
authors.affiliation: UMR 5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université de Lyon; ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon1, 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Troïanowski
authors.affiliation: UMR 5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université de Lyon; ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon1, 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mondy
authors.affiliation: UMR 5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université de Lyon; ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon1, 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Adeline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dumet
authors.affiliation: UMR 5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université de Lyon; ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon1, 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arcanjo
authors.affiliation: UMR 5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université de Lyon; ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon1, 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lengagne
mesh_terms: D000819:Animal Communication; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D001001:Anura / Q000276:immunology; D044822:Biodiversity; D003116:Color; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009622:Noise; D012098:Reproduction; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014186:Transportation
keywords: PHA; anthropogenic noise; anuran; anuro; corticoesterona; corticosterone; ruido antropogénico; selección sexual; sexual selection; señal visual; visual signal