title: Redox Control of Antioxidant and Antihepatotoxic Activities ofCassia surattensisSeed Extract against Paracetamol Intoxication in Mice: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Herbal Green Antioxidant.
abstract: The therapeutic potential ofCassia surattensisin reducing free radical-induced oxidative stress and inflammation particularly in hepatic diseases was evaluated in this study. The polyphenol richC. surattensisseed extract showed good in vitro antioxidant.C. surattensisseed extract contained total phenolic content of 100.99 mg GAE/g dry weight and there was a positive correlation (r> 0.9) between total phenolic content and the antioxidant activities of the seed extract.C. surattensisseed extract significantly (p< 0.05) reduced the elevated levels of serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) and relative liver weight in paracetamol-induced liver hepatotoxicity in mice. Moreover, the extract significantly (p< 0.05) enhanced the antioxidant enzymes and glutathione (GSH) contents in the liver tissues, which led to decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) level. The histopathological examination showed the liver protective effect ofC. surattensisseed extract against paracetamol-induced histoarchitectural alterations by maximum recovery in the histoarchitecture of the liver tissue. Furthermore, histopathological observations correspondingly supported the biochemical assay outcome, that is, the significant reduction in elevated levels of serum liver enzymes. In conclusion,C. surattensisseed extract enhanced the in vivo antioxidant status and showed antihepatotoxic activities, which is probably due to the presence of phenolic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: U Seeta
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Uthaya Kumar
authors.affiliation: Dental Research & Training Unit and Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Yeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: Jagat R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kanwar
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sreenivasan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7705-1418
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasidharan
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002366:Cassia / Q000737:chemistry*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000082:Acetaminophen; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl