title: Thiosemicarbazones and Phthalyl-Thiazoles compounds exert antiviral activity against yellow fever virus and Saint Louis encephalitis virus.
abstract: Arboviruses, arthropod-borneviruses, are frequency associated to human outbreak and represent a serious health problem. The genus Flavivirus, such as Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) and Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus (SLEV), are important pathogens with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Brazil, YFV is maintained in sylvatic cycle, but many cases are notified annually, despite the efficiency of vaccine. SLEV causes an acute encephalitis and is widely distributed in the Americas. There is no specific antiviral drugs for these viruses, only supporting treatment that can alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. Here, we evaluated the potential anti-YFV and SLEV activity of a series of thiosemicarbazones and phthalyl-thiazoles. Plaque reduction assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and cellular viability were used to test the compounds in vitro. Treated cells showed efficient inhibition of the viral replication at concentrations that presented minimal toxicity to cells. The assays showed that phthalyl-thiazole and phenoxymethyl-thiosemicarbazone reduced 60% of YFV replication and 75% of SLEV replication.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto - FAMERP, 15090-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil; Faceres Medical School, 15090-305, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina Colombelli
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Pacca
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael Elias
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-521, Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Wanderlan P
authors.initials: JWP
authors.lastname: Espindola
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-521, Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gevânio B O Oliveira
authors.initials: GBOO
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-521, Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina Lima
authors.initials: ACL
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mauro Martins
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto - FAMERP, 15090-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: mnogueira@famerp.br.
authors.forename: Mauricio L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nogueira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004665:Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis / Q000187:drug effects*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013882:Thiosemicarbazones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014709:Vero Cells; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D015005:Yellow fever virus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D013844:Thiazoles; D013882:Thiosemicarbazones
keywords: Antiviral; Phthalyl-Thiazole; Saint Louis Encephalitis virus; Thiosemicarbazone; Yellow fever virus