title: ROS accumulation and antiviral defence control by microRNA528 in rice.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of plant-pathogen interactions. Modulating miRNA function has emerged as a new strategy to produce virus resistance traits1-5. However, the miRNAs involved in antiviral defence and the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. We previously demonstrated that sequestration by Argonaute (AGO) proteins plays an important role in regulating miRNA function in antiviral defence pathways6. Here we reveal that cleavage-defective AGO18 complexes sequester microRNA528 (miR528) upon viral infection. We show that miR528 negatively regulates viral resistance in rice by cleaving L-ascorbate oxidase (AO) messenger RNA, thereby reducing AO-mediated accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Upon viral infection, miR528 becomes preferentially associated with AGO18, leading to elevated AO activity, higher basal reactive oxygen species accumulation and enhanced antiviral defence. Our findings reveal a mechanism in which antiviral defence is boosted through suppression of an miRNA that negatively regulates viral resistance. This mechanism could be manipulated to engineer virus-resistant crop plants.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.|State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5025-5026
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Rongxin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Zhirui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Shengze
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada.
authors.forename: Pingchuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Xianwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Lianhui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
authors.forename: Xueping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Chengcai
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8097-6115
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Yijun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.|CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D060565:Argonaute Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001204:Ascorbate Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology*; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D029364:Tenuivirus
chemical_list: D060565:Argonaute Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D001204:Ascorbate Oxidase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid