title: Antimicrobial, antioxidant properties and chemical composition of seaweeds collected from Saudi Arabia (Red Sea and Arabian Gulf).
abstract: The present study demonstrates the antibacterial activity of selected brown and green marine algae collected from Saudi Arabia Red Sea and Arabian Gulf. The methanolic and acetone extracts were tested against gram positive, gram negative bacteria andCandida albicansin an attempt to be used as an alternative to commonly used antibiotics. Both brown seaweed speciesSargassum latifolium BandSargassum platycarpum Amethanolic extracts were found to be active against gram positive than gram negative; however,S. latifoliumacetone extract gave the highest inhibitory activity againstSalmonellasp. On the other hand,Cladophorasocialisorganic extract demonstrated higher antibacterial activity than the fresh extract but bothC. socialisextracts revealed decreased activity compared toSargassumextracts.Cladophoramethanolic extract showed an obvious effect on methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). The present work shows a comparable therapeutic potency of the tested seaweed membersSargassumandCladophoraextracts in treating human microbial pathogens to synthetic chemical antibiotics. A remarkable higher antioxidant DPPH free radical scavenging effect was recorded withSargassumsp. compared toCladophorasp. FTIR Infrared Spectrometer analysis together with the high performance liquid chromatography provided a detailed description of the possible functional constituents and the major chemical components present in marine macroalgae particularly in brown seaweeds to be mainly of phenolic nature to which the potent antimicrobial activity is being attributed.
authors.affiliation: King Saud University, Sciences College, Microbiology Department, Girls Campus, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nadine M S
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Moubayed
authors.affiliation: King Saud University, Sciences College, Microbiology Department, Girls Campus, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hadeel Jawad
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Al Houri
authors.affiliation: King Saud University, Sciences College, Microbiology Department, Girls Campus, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Manal M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Al Khulaifi
authors.affiliation: King Saud University, Sciences College, Microbiology Department, Girls Campus, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Dunia A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Al Farraj
keywords: AMC, amoxycillin/ calvulanic acid; Cladophora socialis; DPPH, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrlyhydrazyl; FTIR, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer; Free radical scavenging activity; HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; KBr, potassium bromide; MEM, meropenem; MXF, moxifloxacin; Phenol; Sargassum latifolium B; Sargassum platycarpum A