title: Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Different Media Importantly Determines the Composition of Their Protein Corona.
abstract: Protein corona of nanoparticles (NPs), which forms when these particles come in to contact with protein-containing fluids, is considered as an overlooked factor in nanomedicine. Through numerous studies it has been becoming increasingly evident that it importantly dictates the interaction of NPs with their surroundings. Several factors that determine the compositions of NPs protein corona have been identified in recent years, but one has remained largely ignored-the composition of media used for dispersion of NPs. Here, we determined the effect of dispersion media on the composition of protein corona of polyacrylic acid-coated cobalt ferrite NPs (PAA NPs) and silica NPs. Our results confirmed some of the basic premises such as NPs type-dependent specificity of the protein corona. But more importantly, we demonstrated the effect of the dispersion media on the protein corona composition. The differences between constituents of the media used for dispersion of NPs, such as divalent ions and macromolecules were responsible for the differences in protein corona composition formed in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS). Our results suggest that the protein corona composition is a complex function of the constituents present in the media used for dispersion of NPs. Regardless of the dispersion media and FBS concentration, majority of proteins from either PAA NPs or silica NPs coronas were involved in the process of transport and hemostasis. Interestingly, corona of silica NPs contained three complement system related proteins: complement factor H, complement C3 and complement C4 while PAA NPs bound only one immune system related protein, α-2-glycoprotein. Importantly, relative abundance of complement C3 protein in corona of silica NPs was increased when NPs were dispersed in NaCl, which further implies the relevance of dispersion media used to prepare NPs.
authors.affiliation: Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Klemen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strojan
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Adrijana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leonardi
authors.affiliation: Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Vladimir B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Bregar
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.|Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Križaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Jurij
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Svete
authors.affiliation: Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.|Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Mojca
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pavlin
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D063990:Gene Ontology; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D000066970:Protein Corona / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D001798:Blood Proteins; D000066970:Protein Corona; D012997:Solvents; C006903:carbopol 940; D012822:Silicon Dioxide