title: Impact of probable interaction of low temperature and ambient fine particulate matter on the function of rats alveolar macrophages.
abstract: The present study aimed to explore the probable interaction of low temperature and ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on rat alveolar macrophages (AMs). AMs were separated from rat BALF and exposed to PM2.5(0, 25, 50, 100μg/ml) under different temperature (18, 24, 30, 37°C) for 8h. Results indicated that viability and phagocytosis function of AMs decreased with the decline of temperature and the rise of PM2.5dose, and the strongest toxicity was shown in the highest PM2.5(100μg/ml) exposure group at 18°C. Both PM2.5and lower temperature increased the releasing of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), while significant interaction was only found in MIP-1α production. No obvious change was found in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) detection. These results indicated that both the two factors are harmful to rat AMs and lower temperature could increase the toxicity of PM2.5on the AMs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China. Electronic address: luob@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
authors.forename: Jiangtao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
authors.forename: Gaoqiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Ambient PM(2.5); Inflammatory factors; Interactive effects; Lower temperature; Phagocytosis function; Rat alveolar macrophages