title: Occurrence, spatial distribution, and ecological risks of typical hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in surface sediments from a large freshwater lake of China.
abstract: Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) have been frequently observed in marine aquatic environments; however, little information is available on the occurrence of these compounds in freshwater aquatic environments, including freshwater lakes. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and spatial distribution of typical OH-PBDEs, including 2'-OH-BDE-68, 3-OH-BDE-47, 5-OH-BDE-47, and 6-OH-BDE-47 in surface sediments of Taihu Lake. 3-OH-BDE-47 was the predominant congener, followed by 5-OH-BDE-47, 2'-OH-BDE-68, and 6-OH-BDE-47. Distributions of these compounds are drastically different between sampling site which may be a result of differences in nearby point sources, such as the discharge of industrial wastewater and e-waste leachate. The positive correlation between ∑OH-PBDEs and total organic carbon (TOC) was moderate (r = 0.485, p < 0.05), and site S3 and S15 were excluded due to point source pollution, suggesting that OH-PBDEs concentrations were controlled by sediment TOC content, as well as other factors. The pairwise correlations between the concentrations of these compounds suggest that these compounds may have similar input sources and environmental behavior. The target compounds in the sediments of Lake Taihu pose low risks to aquatic organisms. Results show that OH-PBDEs in Lake Taihu are largely dependent on pollution sources. Because of bioaccumulation and subsequent harmful effects on aquatic organisms, the concentrations of OH-PBDEs in freshwater ecosystems are of environmental concern.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(s), Nanjing, 211816, China.|Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China. zsh@nies.org.
authors.forename: Sheng-Hu
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(s), Nanjing, 211816, China. yaocheng@njtech.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China. cjqer@163.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Qiu
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004463:Ecology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D060106:Lakes; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
chemical_list: D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C580598:5-OH-BDE-47; C580599:6-OH-BDE-47; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
keywords: Ecological risk; Lake Taihu; OH-PBDEs; Occurrence; Spatial distribution; Surface sediment