title: Efficacy of a randomized trial examining commercial weight loss programs and exercise on metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese women.
abstract: While commercial dietary weight-loss programs typically advise exercise, few provide actual programing. The goal of this study was to compare the Curves Complete 90-day Challenge (CC, n = 29), which incorporates exercising and diet, to programs advocating exercise (Weight Watchers Points Plus (WW, n = 29), Jenny Craig At Home (JC, n = 27), and Nutrisystem Advance Select (NS, n = 28)) or control (n = 20) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and weight loss. We randomized 133 sedentary, overweight women (age, 47 ± 11 years; body mass, 86 ± 14 kg; body mass index, 35 ± 6 kg/m2) into respective treatment groups for 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using chi square and general linear models adjusted for age and respective baseline measures. Data are means ± SD or mean change ± 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We observed a significant trend for a reduction in energy intake for all treatment groups and significant weight loss for all groups except control: CC (-4.32 kg; 95% CI, -5.75, -2.88), WW (-4.31 kg; 95% CI, -5.82, -2.96), JC (-5.34 kg; 95% CI, -6.86, -3.90), NS (-5.03 kg; 95% CI, -6.49, -3.56), and control (0.16 kg, 95% CI, -1.56, 1.89). Reduced MetS prevalence was observed at follow-up for CC (35% vs. 14%, adjusted standardized residuals (adjres.) = 3.1), but not WW (31% vs. 28% adjres. = 0.5), JC (37% vs. 42%, adjres. = -0.7), NS (39% vs. 50% adjres. = -1.5), or control (45% vs. 55% adjres. = -1.7). While all groups improved relative fitness (mL·kg-1·min-1) because of weight loss, only the CC group improved absolute fitness (L/min). In conclusion, commercial programs offering concurrent diet and exercise programming appear to offer greater improvements in MetS prevalence and cardiovascular function after 12 weeks of intervention.
authors.affiliation: a Health & Kinesiology, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baetge
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Conrad P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Earnest
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Brittanie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lockard
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Adriana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Coletta
authors.affiliation: c Department of Rehabilitation Services, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Elfego
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galvan
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Levers
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Sunday Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Simbo
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Y Peter
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koozehchian
authors.affiliation: d Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dalton
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Brittany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Byrd
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Deepesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khanna
authors.affiliation: e Exercise and Sports Science, Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jagim
authors.affiliation: f Department of Physical Therapy, Methodist University, Fayetteville, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kresta
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.affiliation: b Exercise & Sports Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Kreider
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D000072599:Cardiorespiratory Fitness; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000191:economics; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000191:economics; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D010349:Patient Compliance; D015995:Prevalence; D055070:Resistance Training; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: diet; diète; exercice physique; exercise; metabolic syndrome; syndrome métabolique