title: Assessment of nebulisation of sodium ceftiofur in the treatment of calves naturally infected with bovine respiratory disease.
abstract: Twelve screened cases of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in calves were enrolled. Six of the calves were treated intramuscularly with sodium ceftiofur (1 mg/kg), and six were treated with nebulised sodium ceftiofur (1 mg/kg). Comparative evaluation of the two therapeutic modalities was based on repetitive analysis of hematological profile of calves on days 0, 5, and 10 post-therapy. The mortality rate in the group of calves treated with the nebulised sodium ceftiofur was significantly (p < 0.001) lower, and their clinical and hematological parameters returned to normal significantly (p < 0.001) faster than in calves treated intramuscularly. Nebulisation of sodium ceftiofur is the most effective treatment in calves with BRD under field conditions. Nasal lavage fluid analysis indicating a high rise of neutrophil count and macrophages may be used as an alternative method to detect pulmonary inflammation in BRD-affected calves.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India. joshignet@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dimri
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
authors.forename: O R Vinodh
authors.initials: ORV
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bhanuprakash
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D048090:Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D009504:Neutrophils; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; C053503:ceftiofur
keywords: Bovine respiratory disease; Calves; Nebulisation; Sodium ceftiofur