title: Trends in Cancer Mortality Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer comprise an intermediate age group between pediatric and adult oncology, and have a spectrum of different types of cancers. Survival among this group has not improved as much as in younger children with cancer. The aim of this study was evaluate the trends in cancer mortality of AYA aged 15-29 years in Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were extracted from the Atlas of Cancer Mortality databases from 1979 to 2013. Age-specific mortality rates were calculated based on the deaths from each type of cancer and the period via a direct method using the proposed world population age groups. To identify significant changes in the trends, we performed joinpoint regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mortality rates per million were 54 deaths in those aged 15-19 years, 61 deaths in those aged 20-24 years, and 88 deaths in those aged 25-29 years. Leukemias, lymphomas, and central nervous system (CNS) tumors occurred at high rates in all age groups. Rates of cervical cancer were highest in those aged 25-29 years. There were significant increases in mortality trends in the North and Northeast regions for all tumor groups, especially CNS tumors. A small decrease in the mortality rate from lymphomas was observed in the South and Southeast regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mortality in Brazilian AYA was slightly higher than in other studies conducted throughout the world. When separated by tumor type, Brazil presents a specific pattern, with high mortality from cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto Nacional do Câncer , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .
authors.forename: Nathalie Vieira
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Balmant
authors.affiliation: 2 Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional do Câncer , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .
authors.forename: Rejane
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Souza Reis
authors.affiliation: 2 Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional do Câncer , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .
authors.forename: Marceli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Santos
authors.affiliation: 2 Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional do Câncer , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinto Oliveira
authors.affiliation: 3 Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Program, Research Center , Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Camargo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Brazil; cervical cancer; low–intermediate income countries; mortality; trends