title: Colorectal carcinoma: Ex vivo evaluation using 3-T high-spatial-resolution quantitative T2 mapping and its correlation with histopathologic findings.
abstract: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility of determining the mural invasion depths of colorectal carcinomas using high-spatial-resolution (HSR) quantitative T2 mapping on a 3-T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner.
  
  
  
  Twenty colorectal specimens containing adenocarcinomas were imaged on a 3-T MR system equipped with a 4-channel phased-array surface coil. HSR quantitative T2 maps were acquired using a spin-echo sequence with a repetition time/echo time of 7650/22.6-361.6ms (16 echoes), 87×43.5-mm field of view, 2-mm section thickness, 448×224 matrix, and average of 1. HSR fast-spin-echo T2-weighted images were also acquired. Differences between the T2 values (ms) of the tumor tissue, colorectal wall layers, and fibrosis were measured, and the MR images and histopathologic findings were compared.
  
  
  
  In all specimens (20/20, 100%), the HSR quantitative T2 maps clearly depicted an 8-layer normal colorectal wall in which the T2 values of each layer differed from those of the adjacent layer(s) (P<0.001). Using this technique, fibrosis (73.6±9.4ms) and tumor tissue (104.2±6.4ms) could also be clearly differentiated (P<0.001). In 19 samples (95%), the HSR quantitative T2 maps and histopathologic data yielded the same findings regarding the tumor invasion depth.
  
  
  
  Our results indicate that 3-T HSR quantitative T2 mapping is useful for distinguishing colorectal wall layers and differentiating tumor and fibrotic tissues. Accordingly, this technique could be used to determine mural invasion by colorectal carcinomas with a high level of accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: yamada.crad@tmd.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.affiliation: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Keigo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hikishima
authors.affiliation: Department of Comprehensive Reproductive Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uetake
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saida
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ukihide
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tateishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Eishi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Colon; Colorectal carcinoma; High spatial resolution; MR imaging; Quantitative T2 mapping; Rectum