title: Craniofacial characteristics in the sagittal dimension: A cephalometric study in Lebanese young adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the sagittal cephalometric characteristics of young adult Lebanese individuals and assess gender-related differences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Conventional lateral cephalograms were obtained from 117 subjects. Eight linear/angular measurements combining sagittal parameters selected form McNamara and Steiner analyses were recorded. Paired t-test was applied to evaluate differences between genders and skeletal classes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Males showed significantly greater maxillary and mandibular length than females. ANB was larger in females with no significant differences in SNA values indicating that Lebanese females tend to have a more convex profile than their male counterparts. Subjects with skeletal Class III tended to have a retrognathic maxilla rather than a prognathic mandible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sexual dimorphism is evident in young Lebanese adults relative to linear skeletal dimensions regardless of the skeletal class. Skeletal determinants of Class III malocclusions may be different from those of other population groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of orthodontics, Lebanese university, school of dentistry, Hadath, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daraze
authors.affiliation: Department of orthodontics, université Catholique de Louvain, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, 10, Hippocrate avenue, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delatte
authors.affiliation: Department of orthodontics, université Catholique de Louvain, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, 10, Hippocrate avenue, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bou Saba
authors.affiliation: Department of periodontics and implant dentistry, Lebanese university, school of dentistry, Hadath, Lebanon. Electronic address: dr.zeinamajzoub@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Zeina
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Majzoub
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D007861:Lebanon; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000473:pathology; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cephalometry; Craniofacial; Lebanon; Sex dimorphism; Young adults