title: Rapid Recall Ability of Memory T cells is Encoded in their Epigenome.
abstract: Even though T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation together with co-stimulation is sufficient for the activation of both naïve and memory T cells, the memory cells are capable of producing lineage specific cytokines much more rapidly than the naïve cells. The mechanisms behind this rapid recall response of the memory cells are still not completely understood. Here, we performed epigenetic profiling of human resting naïve, central and effector memory T cells using ChIP-Seq and found that unlike the naïve cells, the regulatory elements of the cytokine genes in the memory T cells are marked by activating histone modifications even in the resting state. Therefore, the ability to induce expression of rapid recall genes upon activation is associated with the deposition of positive histone modifications during memory T cell differentiation. We propose a model of T cell memory, in which immunological memory state is encoded epigenetically, through poising and transcriptional memory.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Allergy &Immunology and Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Artem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barski
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, NY, 10987, USA.
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cuddapah
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Allergy &Immunology and Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Andrey V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Kartashov
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Allergy &Immunology and Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Molecular Retrovirology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imamichi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, The George Washington University, D.C., 20052, USA.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, The George Washington University, D.C., 20052, USA.
authors.forename: Weiqun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Molecular Retrovirology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
authors.forename: H Clifford
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.affiliation: Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Keji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D042421:Histone Code; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines