title: The Effect of Organic Fertilizers and Flowering Plants on Sheet-Web and Wolf Spider Populations (Araneae: Lycosidae and Linyphiidae) and Its Importance for Pest Control.
abstract: The main goal of this study was to identify the treatment that increases the populations of spiders, which are effective predators in agroecosystems. In 2013 and 2014 the experimental eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) field was two different treatments, organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizer treatment, and in 2014 we surrounded organic fertilizer plots with the flowering plants mealy cup sage (Salvia farinacea Benth.), spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Analysis using repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant influences of fertilizer type on the numbers of linyphiid spiders and Collembola in 2013. In 2014, the numbers of Collembola, thrips, and lycosid and linyphiid spider were higher in organic fertilizer with flowering plants treatment comparing with the chemical fertilizer treatment. Moreover, the numbers of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (F.) were significantly lower in the organic fertilizer with flowering plants treatment than in chemical fertilizers treatment. Finally, we expect that Thysanoptera and Collembola were important alternative prey for linyphiid and lycosid spiders and the use of organic fertilizer and flowering plants enhanced the density of these spiders, and may increase their effectiveness in suppressing the populations of H. vigintioctopunctata (F.).
authors.affiliation: Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan (said19832007@yahoo.com; ktsuda@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; ysaka@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; asahi.oda@gmail.com; yuri948@gmail.com), said19832007@yahoo.com.|Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Elgeish Street, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt, and.
authors.forename: El-Said M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: El-Nabawy
authors.affiliation: Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan (said19832007@yahoo.com; ktsuda@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; ysaka@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; asahi.oda@gmail.com; yuri948@gmail.com).
authors.forename: Katsuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.affiliation: Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan (said19832007@yahoo.com; ktsuda@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; ysaka@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; asahi.oda@gmail.com; yuri948@gmail.com).
authors.forename: Yositaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamaki
authors.affiliation: Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan (said19832007@yahoo.com; ktsuda@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; ysaka@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; asahi.oda@gmail.com; yuri948@gmail.com).
authors.forename: Asahi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan (said19832007@yahoo.com; ktsuda@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; ysaka@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp; asahi.oda@gmail.com; yuri948@gmail.com).
authors.forename: Yurie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ushijima
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D007564:Japan; D058871:Organic Agriculture; D010571:Pest Control; D011156:Population Density; D013112:Spiders / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers
keywords: beneficial insectary plant; farming system; organic farming; predator; spider