title: PPARs modulate cardiac metabolism and mitochondrial function in diabetes.
abstract: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Currently, effective treatments for diabetic cardiomyopathy are limited. The pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy is complex, whereas mitochondrial dysfunction plays a vital role in the genesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Metabolic regulation targeting mitochondrial dysfunction is expected to be a reasonable strategy for treating diabetic cardiomyopathy. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are master executors in regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis and also modulate mitochondrial function. However, synthetic PPAR agonists used for treating hyperlipidemia and DM have shown controversial effects on cardiovascular regulation. This article reviews our updated understanding of the beneficial and detrimental effects of PPARs on mitochondria in diabetic hearts.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.|Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ting-Wei
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.|School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan-Jen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ting-I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tze-Fan
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. yuhsunkao@gmail.com.|Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. yuhsunkao@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yu-Hsun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.|Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058065:Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism*; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Cardiomyopathy; Diabetes mellitus; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors