title: The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Safety Climate and Individual Safety Behavior on Construction Sites.
abstract: Unsafe acts contribute dominantly to construction accidents, and increasing safety behavior is essential to reduce accidents. Previous research conceptualized safety behavior as an interaction between proximal individual differences (safety knowledge and safety motivation) and distal contextual factors (leadership and safety climate). However, relatively little empirical research has examined this conceptualization in the construction sector. Given the cultural background of the sample, this study makes a slight modification to the conceptualization and views transformational leadership as an antecedent of safety climate. Accordingly, this study establishes a multiple mediator model showing the mechanisms through which transformational leadership translates into safety behavior. The multiple mediator model is estimated by the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique, using individual questionnaire responses from a random sample of construction personnel based in Hong Kong. As hypothesized, transformational leadership has a significant impact on safety climate which is mediated by safety-specific leader-member exchange (LMX), and safety climate in turn impacts safety behavior through safety knowledge. The results suggest that future safety climate interventions should be more effective if supervisors exhibit transformational leadership, encourage construction personnel to voice safety concerns without fear of retaliation, and repeatedly remind them about safety on the job.
authors.affiliation: Department of Real Estate and Construction, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China. yzshen2007@yahoo.com.|College of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China. yzshen2007@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Yuzhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: School of Economics and Management, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China. juchuanjing@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Chuanjing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Department of Real Estate and Construction, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China. tasykoh@hku.hk.
authors.forename: Tas Yong
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Real Estate and Construction, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China. steverowlinson@hku.hk.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rowlinson
authors.affiliation: Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia. a.bridge@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Adrian J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bridge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D060389:Construction Industry / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D015279:Organizational Culture; D012449:Safety; D017751:Safety Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017132:Workplace / Q000458:organization & administration*
keywords: construction personnel; random sample; safety behavior; safety climate; transformational leadership