title: Matrix metalloproteinase multiplex screening identifies increased MMP-2 urine concentrations in women predicted to develop preeclampsia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preeclampsia, a pregnancy disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, represents the leading cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The identification of novel and accurate biomarkers that are predictive of preeclampsia is necessary to improve the prognosis of patients with preeclampsia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of nine urinary metalloproteinases to predict the risk of preeclampsia development.
  
  
  METHODS
  MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12 and MMP-13 were analyzed in urine (early-pregnancy) from 17 women predicted to develop preeclampsia and 48 controls using the Bio-Plex Pro-Human MMP panel (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary MMP-2 showed differences between groups which allowed us to calculate an increased risk for PE development of up to 20 times among the study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased urinary concentration of MMP-2 at 12 and 16 weeks of gestation predicted an increased risk of developing preeclampsia in the study population.
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.|b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.|c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Margarita L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Martinez-Fierro
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Aurelio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perez-Favila
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.|b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.|c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Idalia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Garza-Veloz
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Marcela A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Espinoza-Juarez
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Avila-Carrasco
authors.affiliation: d School of Medicine, University of Colima , Colima , Mexico.|e Instituto Estatal de Cancerologia, Servicios de Salud del Estado de Colima , Colima , Mexico.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Delgado-Enciso
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Castro
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cardenas-Vargas
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cid-Baez
authors.affiliation: f Unidad Academica de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Santoyo
authors.affiliation: d School of Medicine, University of Colima , Colima , Mexico.
authors.forename: Victor H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Cervantes-Kardasch
authors.affiliation: g Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , Monterrey , Nuevo León , México.
authors.forename: Iram P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Sanchez
authors.affiliation: a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Jose I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Badillo-Almaraz
authors.affiliation: b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.|c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castañeda-Miranda
authors.affiliation: b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.|c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Solis-Sanchez
authors.affiliation: b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.|c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico.
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Rodriguez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000652:urine*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000652:urine; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
keywords: Preeclampsia; angiogenesis; biomarkers; metalloproteinase; placenta; screening; urine