title: Jasmonate response decay and defense metabolite accumulation contributes to age-regulated dynamics of plant insect resistance.
abstract: Immunity deteriorates with age in animals but comparatively little is known about the temporal regulation of plant resistance to herbivores. The phytohormone jasmonate (JA) is a key regulator of plant insect defense. Here, we show that the JA response decays progressively in Arabidopsis. We show that this decay is regulated by the miR156-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE9 (SPL9) group of proteins, which can interact with JA ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins, including JAZ3. As SPL9 levels gradually increase, JAZ3 accumulates and the JA response is attenuated. We provide evidence that this pathway contributes to insect resistance in young plants. Interestingly however, despite the decay in JA response, older plants are still comparatively more resistant to both the lepidopteran generalist Helicoverpa armigera and the specialist Plutella xylostella, along with increased accumulation of glucosinolates. We propose a model whereby constitutive accumulation of defense compounds plays a role in compensating for age-related JA-response attenuation during plant maturation.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying-Bo
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4599-3619
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yao-Qian
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dian-Yang
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fang-Yan
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gao-Jie
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ling-Jian
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.|School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jia-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.|Plant Science Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ya
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2909-8414
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007814:Larva / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009036:Moths / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D057865:Plant Immunity / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005961:Glucosinolates; C522646:JAI3 protein, Arabidopsis; D035683:MicroRNAs; C559759:Mirn156 microRNA, Arabidopsis; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C531404:SPL9 protein, Arabidopsis; D015534:Trans-Activators; C011006:jasmonic acid