title: Adolescent booster with hepatitis B virus vaccines decreases HBV infection in high-risk adults.
abstract: Neutralizing antibodies (anti-HBs) after immunization with hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines against HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) wane after 10-15years. We analyzed the effect of an adolescent booster given to vaccination-protected children born to mothers with different HBsAg-carrying status against HBV infection in their mature adulthood.
  
  
  
  A total of 9793 individuals, who were HBsAg-negative at childhood (baseline) and donated blood samples, both during childhood and adulthood, from the vaccination group in "Qidong Hepatitis B Intervention Study", were enrolled. Among them 7414 received a one-dose, 10μg-recombinant HBV vaccine booster at 10-14years of age. At endpoint (23-28years of age), we determined the HBV serological markers and quantified their serum HBV-DNA in each of the chronic HBV-infected adults.
  
  
  
  Fifty-seven adults were identified as chronic HBV infection, indicated by HBsAg(+)&anti-HBc(+) for more than 6months. The individuals who were born to HBsAg-positive mothers (high-risk adults) had significantly increased risk of developing chronic HBV infections in adulthood compared with those who were born to HBsAg-negative mothers; the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 12.56, 95%CI:7.14-22.08. The seronegative status of anti-HBs at 10-11years of age significantly increased the risk of HBV infections among the high-risk adults. When HBsAg(-)&anti-HBc(+) children who were born to HBsAg-positive mothers 70% of them remained as the status and 10% of them developed HBsAg(+)&anti-HBc(+). While when they were born to HBsAg-negative mothers 1.05% HBsAg(-)&anti-HBc(+) children developed HBsAg(+)&anti-HBc(+) and 24.74% of them remained as the status in 12-18years. One dose of adolescent booster showed significant protection on high-risk adults from chronic HBV infection; P for trend was 0.015.
  
  
  
  Maternal HBsAg-positive status was an independent risk factor for vaccination-protected children to develop HBV breakthrough infection in adulthood. Adolescent boosters might be appropriate for high-risk individuals who were born to HBsAg-positive mothers when their serum anti-HBs<10mIU/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Qidong Liver Cancer Institute & Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong, Jiangsu Province 226200, China.
authors.forename: Taoyang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Qidong Liver Cancer Institute & Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong, Jiangsu Province 226200, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Minjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Qidong Liver Cancer Institute & Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong, Jiangsu Province 226200, China.
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Qidong Liver Cancer Institute & Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong, Jiangsu Province 226200, China.
authors.forename: Chunsun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Qidong Liver Cancer Institute & Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong, Jiangsu Province 226200, China; Department of Surgery, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Yawei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China. Electronic address: quchf@cicams.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Chunfeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary / Q000379:methods*; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D014611:Vaccination; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
chemical_list: D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
keywords: Adolescent booster; Adulthood; Hepatitis B virus; Maternal HBsAg status; Vaccination