title: Longitudinal Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life following Adolescent Sports-Related Concussion.
abstract: To examine initial and longitudinal health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescent sports-related concussion (SRC) patients, a prospective observational case-series study was conducted among adolescent SRC patients who were evaluated at a multi-disciplinary pediatric concussion program. Health-related quality of life was measured using the child self-report Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) generic score scale (age 13-18 version) and the PedsQL Cognitive Functioning scale. Initial and longitudinal HRQOL outcomes were compared between patients who did and did not develop post-concussion syndrome (PCS). A total of 63 patients met the inclusion criteria during the study period. The mean age of the cohort was 14.57 years (standard deviation, 1.17) and 61.9% were male. The median time from injury to initial consultation was 6.5 days (interquartile range, 5, 11). At initial consultation, impairments in physical and cognitive HRQOL but not social or emotional HRQOL were observed. Initial symptom burden and length of recovery were associated with greater impairment in physical and cognitive HRQOL. Patients who went on to develop PCS had significantly worse physical and cognitive HRQOL at initial consultation and demonstrated a slower rate of recovery in these domains, compared with those who recovered in less than 30 days. Adolescent SRC was associated with HRQOL impairments that correlated with clinical outcomes. No persistent impairments in HRQOL were detected among patients who achieved physician-documented clinical recovery. Future studies are needed to evaluate the clinical utility of HRQOL measurement in the longitudinal management of adolescent SRC and PCS patients.
authors.affiliation: 2 Canada North Concussion Network , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|5 Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|7 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: 2 Canada North Concussion Network , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|5 Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|7 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Selci
authors.affiliation: 2 Canada North Concussion Network , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|5 Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|7 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: 2 Canada North Concussion Network , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|5 Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|7 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fineblit
authors.affiliation: 2 Canada North Concussion Network , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|3 Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .
authors.forename: Lesley
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.affiliation: 1 Pan Am Concussion Program , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|2 Canada North Concussion Network , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|4 Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|6 Section of Neurosurgery, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .|7 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000523:psychology*; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D000071066:Patient Reported Outcome Measures; D038223:Post-Concussion Syndrome / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D000067009:Youth Sports / Q000293:injuries*
keywords: concussion; health-related quality of life; patient-reported outcomes; pediatric; post-concussion syndrome