title: Surgery: Modified Pi with Triple-Bonnet Flap and Fronto-Orbital Advancement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of one or more of the cranial sutures and can occur as part of a syndrome or as an isolated defect. Pansynostosis is a rare form of craniosynostosis that involves premature fusion of all the cranial sutures (coronal, sagittal, metopic, and occipital). Particularly in cases of late presentation, there are heightened clinical concerns, both functional and aesthetic. In untreated cases of pansynostosis and increased intracranial pressure, optic nerve damage progresses to optic atrophy and then blindness.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Cranial vault reconstruction is the standard surgical treatment. We attempt to highlight the importance of modifying the osteotomies and reshaping of the cranial vault based on individual requirements in order to achieve the best possible result and to prevent catastrophic blood loss.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present a case of modified pi with triple-bonnet flap and fronto-orbital advancement, an individual modification of the techniques of cranial vault reconstruction, in a patient with pansynostosis with optic atrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The technical variation can be applied to any case of pansynostosis requiring cranial vault reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India.
authors.forename: Uday
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Singh Raswan
authors.forename: Sarbjit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh Chhiber
authors.forename: Altaf Umar
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Ramzan
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000601:surgery*; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps