title: Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson Disease: A Descriptive Review on Social Cognition Ability.
abstract: Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and nonmotor symptoms. Nonmotor symptoms include cognitive deficits and impairment in emotions recognition ability associated with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and with alteration in frontostriatal circuits. In this review, we analyzed the studies on social cognition ability in patients with PD. We searched on PubMed and Web of Science databases and screening references of included studied and review articles for additional citations. From initial 260 articles, only 18 met search criteria. A total of 496 patients were compared with 514 health controls, through 16 different tests that assessed some subcomponents of social cognition, such as theory of mind, decision-making, and emotional face recognition. Studies on cognitive function in patients with PD have focused on executive function. Patients with PD showed impairment in social cognition from the earliest stages of disease. This ability seems to not be significantly associated with other cognitive functions.
authors.affiliation: 1 IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palmeri
authors.affiliation: 1 IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lo Buono
authors.affiliation: 1 IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corallo
authors.affiliation: 1 IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foti
authors.affiliation: 1 IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: 1 IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Placido
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bramanti
authors.affiliation: 1 IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina, Italy.|2 Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000209:etiology*; D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D012919:Social Behavior
keywords: Parkinson disease; ToM ability; decision-making; executive functions; social cognition