title: Cerebroprotective activity ofPentapetes phoeniceaon global cerebral ischemia in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was performed to evaluate the cerebroprotective activity of methanolic extract (ME) ofPentapetes phoenicea- a folk medicine used as anti-inflammatory and in central nervous system ailments. It has high phenolic and flavonoid contents including rutin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Global cerebral ischemia was induced in male albino Wistar rats by temporary bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) for 30 min, followed by 4 h reperfusion. Groups of rats were pretreated for 10 days with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of ME ofP. phoeniceaand 3 mg/kg of edaravone, a marketed cerebroprotective agent, as standard. Antioxidant enzymes such as, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), protein content, brain water content, cerebral infarct size and the histopathological changes were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  P. phoenicea-pretreated groups restored the biochemical parameters significantly in a dose-dependent manner. The ischemic changes were involved with an increase in the concentration of MDA and H2O2, followed by decreased SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, and GST activity in rat brain. The neurodegenaration and its attenuation byP. phoeniceawere confirmed by examination of triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and histopathological changes in the cerebral ischemic rat brains. Similarly,P. phoeniceareversed the brain water content in the ischemia-reperfusion animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The result of the study indicates that the treatment withP. phoeniceaenhances the antioxidant defense against BCAO-induced global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and exerts cerebroprotection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Koneru Naga
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Sravanthi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Nadendla Rama
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019660:Malvaceae; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Carotid artery; ischemia reperfusion; oxidative stress; stroke