title: Memory consolidation of socially relevant stimuli during sleep in healthy children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder: What you can see in their eyes.
abstract: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display deficits in sleep-dependent memory consolidation, and being comorbid with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), results in deficits in face processing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of sleep in recognizing faces in children with ADHD+ODD. Sixteen healthy children and 16 children diagnosed with ADHD+ODD participated in a sleep and a wake condition. During encoding (sleep condition at 8p.m.; wake condition at 8a.m.) pictures of faces were rated according to their emotional content; the retrieval session (12h after encoding session) contained a recognition task including pupillometry. Pupillometry and behavioral data revealed that healthy children benefited from sleep compared to wake with respect to face picture recognition; in contrast recognition performance in patients with ADHD+ODD was not improved after sleep compared to wake. It is discussed whether in patients with ADHD+ODD social stimuli are preferentially consolidated during daytime.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: a.prehn@zip-kiel.de.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prehn-Kristensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Molzow
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Förster
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Siebenhühner
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gesch
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Wiesner
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Lioba
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baving
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D004644:Emotions; D000066499:Facial Recognition / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000069077:Memory Consolidation / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011680:Pupil / Q000502:physiology; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology
keywords: ADHD; Faces; Memory; ODD; Pupillometry; Sleep