title: Celiac disease: a clinical review.
abstract: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory enteropathy triggered by gluten exposure in genetically susceptible individuals. It has a high prevalence approaching 1% of the US population. A high index of suspicion is warranted to diagnose CD as frequently patients present with extraintestinal or atypical manifestations. CD is diagnosed by a combination of serum serologies and duodenal biopsies. The majority of patients will respond to a lifelong gluten-free diet which is the cornerstone of therapy. Complications such as refractory CD, ulcerative jejunoileitis, enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma and small bowel adenocarcinoma occur in a minority of patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. albawardy.badr@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Badr
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al-Bawardy
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: D Chamil
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Codipilly
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rubio-Tapia
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Bruining
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hansel
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis
keywords: Celiac disease; Enteropathy; Gluten free; Refractory; Sprue; imaging