abstract: T cells activation is a finely regulated process to establish an effective anti-infectious or antitumor immune response while avoiding harmful autoimmune reactions. Although T cells are considered to be the main protagonists of the antitumor immune response, they act in interaction with other immune cells. The meeting of naive T cells with dendritic cells induces their differentiation into effector cells following the recognition of the peptide-MHC complex by the T cell receptor. The interaction of costimulatory molecules present on the surface of T cells with their ligand (s) expressed by mature dendritic cells contribute to the optimal T cell activation and to the formation of the immunological synapse. Conversely, engagement of inhibitory receptors expressed by T cells induces a negative feedback involved in the T cells homeostasis but also in the tumor escape from the immune system. The integration of stimulatory signals contributes to the proliferation, the survival and the differentiation of T cells whereas the inhibitory signals permit their regulation. The better understanding of T cell activation mechanisms has led to the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at stimulating the antitumor immune response or alleviating the immunosuppression.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1098, LabEx LipSTIC, F25000 Besançon, France; Univiversité de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, F25000 Besançon, France; EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Plateforme de Biomonitoring, INSERM, CIC, 1431, F25000 Besançon, France. Electronic address: jeanne.galaine@edu.univ-fcomte.fr.
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galaine
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1098, LabEx LipSTIC, F25000 Besançon, France; Univiversité de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, F25000 Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Godet
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1098, LabEx LipSTIC, F25000 Besançon, France; Univiversité de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, F25000 Besançon, France; Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, F25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Adotévi
mesh_terms: D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: Cellules dendritiques; Complexe majeur; Costimulatory molecules; Dendritic cells; Immune checkpoints; Lymphocytes T; Major histocompatibility; Molécules de; Points de contrôle; T cells; complex; costimulation; d’histocompatibilité; immunologiques