title: The Effect of Selenium on the Cd-Induced Apoptosis via NO-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway in Chicken Liver.
abstract: Cd-induced apoptosis and the protective effects of Se against Cd-induced injury have been reported in previous studies. However, little is known regarding the effects of Cd-induced apoptosis in hepatic cells and the antagonistic effects of Se on Cd in poultry. In the present study, 128 healthy 31-week-old laying hens were randomly divided into four groups, which were fed basic diets, with the addition of Se (Na2SeO3, 2 mg/kg), Cd (CdCl2, 150 mg/kg), or Se + Cd (150 mg/kg of CdCl2and 2 mg/kg of Na2SeO3) for 90 days. Ultrastructural changes, nitric oxide (NO) concentrations, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities, results of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay of apoptosis, and the expression of iNOS and apoptosis-related genes in livers were determined. It was observed that Cd treatment significantly increased the concentrations of NO and iNOS activity in chicken livers. The production of excessive NO initiated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Exposure to Cd increased the mRNA and the protein expression levels of iNOS, caspase-3, Bax, p53, and Cyt-c. Furthermore, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 increased, while the expression of Bcl-2 decreased. Treatment with Se significantly alleviated Cd-induced apoptosis in chicken livers, as evidenced by a reduction in the production of NO, iNOS activity, the number of apoptotic cells, and mRNA and protein expression levels of iNOS, caspase-3, Bax, and Cyt-c. It indicated that Cd induced NO-mediated apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and Se exerted antagonizing effects. The present study provides new insights as to how Se affects Cd-induced toxicity in the chicken liver.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Runxiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China. jhlineau@126.com.
authors.forename: Jianhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D012643:Selenium; D018038:Sodium Selenite; D019256:Cadmium Chloride
keywords: Apoptosis; Cadmium; Laying hens; Liver; Nitric oxide; Selenium