title: Dendritic and Axonal Propagation Delays Determine Emergent Structures of Neuronal Networks with Plastic Synapses.
abstract: Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) modifies synaptic strengths based on the relative timing of pre- and postsynaptic spikes. The temporal order of spikes turned out to be crucial. We here take into account how propagation delays, composed of dendritic and axonal delay times, may affect the temporal order of spikes. In a minimal setting, characterized by neglecting dendritic and axonal propagation delays, STDP eliminates bidirectional connections between two coupled neurons and turns them into unidirectional connections. In this paper, however, we show that depending on the dendritic and axonal propagation delays, the temporal order of spikes at the synapses can be different from those in the cell bodies and, consequently, qualitatively different connectivity patterns emerge. In particular, we show that for a system of two coupled oscillatory neurons, bidirectional synapses can be preserved and potentiated. Intriguingly, this finding also translates to large networks of type-II phase oscillators and, hence, crucially impacts on the overall hierarchical connectivity patterns of oscillatory neuronal networks.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Department of Physics, Zanjan, 45195-1159, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madadi Asl
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Department of Physics, Zanjan, 45195-1159, Iran.|Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), School of Cognitive Sciences, Tehran, 19395-5746, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valizadeh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - Neuromodulation (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, 52425, Germany.|Stanford University, Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.|University of Cologne, Department of Neuromodulation, Cologne, 50937, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tass
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003712:Dendrites / Q000502:physiology*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D013997:Time Factors