title: Improvement of quality of life through glycemic control by liraglutide, a GLP-1 analog, in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the PAGE1 study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In addition to achieving good glycemic control, diabetes care management aims to improve the quality of life (QOL) in patients. Treatment-associated difficulties and side effects frequently cause deterioration in QOL. Liraglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, is a novel injection drug that promotes insulin secretion. It is a user-friendly, once-daily injection with fewer hypoglycemic events. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of liraglutide therapy on QOL in patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 304 insulin- and liraglutide-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this observational study; they received liraglutide therapy for 12 weeks. The main outcome measure was change in QOL from baseline, which was assessed using diabetes therapy-related QOL (DTR-QOL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At week 12, liraglutide significantly decreased HbA1c levels (8.7 ± 1.5 vs. 7.5 ± 1.3,p< 0.001) and BMI (27.9 ± 5.3 vs. 27.3 ± 5.2,p< 0.001). According to the QOL scores, although the treatment modality had changed from non-injection to injection therapy, liraglutide improved patient satisfaction with treatment. Significant correlations were found between change in HbA1c level and satisfaction with treatment, as well as between change in body weight and burden on social and daily activities, anxiety and dissatisfaction with treatment, and hypoglycemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liraglutide significantly improved glycemic control and reduced the body weight without deteriorating QOL in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.Trial registrationUMIN-CTR: UMIN000007159.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8552 Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital, Matsuyama, Ehime Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Takagi Hospital, Okawa, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Care Center, Jinnouchi Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jinnouchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watada
keywords: DTR-QOL; GLP-1; Liraglutide; Quality of life; T2DM; Type 2 diabetes mellitus