title: Oncoplastic surgery; volume displacement techniques for breast conserving surgery in patients with breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical management of breast cancer has drastically changed. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) has now become a commonly used method for its treatment. Oncoplastic techniques are widely applied with satisfactory aesthetic results. We evaluated the aesthetic and oncological outcomes of BCS with glandular tissue displacement techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five patients with invasive breast cancer were surgically treated by oncoplastic techniques. Preoperative evaluations, including breast and tumor size, localizations and features, were performed by physical examination, imaging methods, and histopathological analysis. Appropriate volume displacement techniques were planned according to breast and tumor size and localization. Early and late aesthetic results were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 54 years, and mean tumor size was 25 mm. Tumors were located in the upper-outer quadrant in 44% of patients. Glandular flaps were used in 55 (73%) patients. Racquet mammoplasty was the most preferred method. Nipple areolar complex (NAC) recentralization was performed in 26 (47.3%) of 55 patients with glandular tissue displacement. Therapeutic reduction mammoplasty was performed in 20 patients. All patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. After an average follow-up of 24 months, neither locoregional recurrence nor distant metastases were observed. Aesthetic results of the oncoplastic BCS method were very good in 54 (72%) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breast remodeling by glandular flap displacement after a wide local excision should be the primary aim in patients with breast cancer for better aesthetic outcomes. NAC recentralization is the primary component that could be considered for achieving better results. BCS associated with oncoplastic techniques allows wide excision of larger tumors and provides good and satisfactory aesthetic results at long-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , Haydarpasa Numune Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey.
authors.forename: Gunay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gurleyik
authors.affiliation: b Department Radiology , Haydarpasa Numune Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey.
authors.forename: Hikmet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karagulle
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , Haydarpasa Numune Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey.
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eris
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , Haydarpasa Numune Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey.
authors.forename: Fugen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aker
authors.affiliation: d Department of Oncology , Haydarpasa Numune Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey.
authors.forename: Basak O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Ustaalioglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Mastectomy; aesthetic results; mammoplasty; wide local excision