title: Effects ofBiebersteinia multifidahydro-ethanol extract on proliferation and apoptosis of human prostate cancer and human embryonic kidney cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Biebersteinia(Geraniaceae) has a history of use in traditional medicine in some countries including Iran. In the present study, cytotoxic and apoptogenic properties of hydro-ethanol extract ofB. multifidiwas investigated on human prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and DU 145) and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS at 37ºC in a humidified atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO2. The root of the plant was macerated with EtOH 70%. Cytotoxic activity of ethanol extract ofB. multifidawas assessed using alamarBlue®assay after 48 hr of treatment. Apoptotic cells were stained with propidium iodide (PI) and detected by flow cytometry (sub-G1 peak).
  
  
  RESULTS
  B.multifidihad cytotoxic effect on malignant cells and normal HEK293 cells in a dose-dependent manner and significantly decreased the cell viability (IC50values were between 199.2 and 302.9 µg/ml).B. multifidaincreased the sub-G1 peak in flow cytometry histogram of treated PC3 cells compared to control showing the induction of apoptosis and DNA fragmentation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to cytotoxic and apoptotic activity ofB. multifida, the plant is suggested for further phytochemical analysis and mechanistic evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants & Natural Products Research Center (MPNPRC), North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Golshan
authors.affiliation: Pharmacological Research Centre of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hassanzadeh
authors.affiliation: North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mojdekanloo
authors.affiliation: Pharmacological Research Centre of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tayarani-Najaran
keywords: Apoptosis; Biebersteinia multifidi; Cytotoxicity; Geraniaceae