title: CO2-induced pH reduction increases physiological toxicity of nano-TiO2in the mussel Mytilus coruscus.
abstract: The increasing usage of nanoparticles has caused their considerable release into the aquatic environment. Meanwhile, anthropogenic CO2emissions have caused a reduction of seawater pH. However, their combined effects on marine species have not been experimentally evaluated. This study estimated the physiological toxicity of nano-TiO2in the mussel Mytilus coruscus under high pCO2(2500-2600 μatm). We found that respiration rate (RR), food absorption efficiency (AE), clearance rate (CR), scope for growth (SFG) and O:N ratio were significantly reduced by nano-TiO2, whereas faecal organic weight rate and ammonia excretion rate (ER) were increased under nano-TiO2conditions. High pCO2exerted lower effects on CR, RR, ER and O:N ratio than nano-TiO2. Despite this, significant interactions of CO2-induced pH change and nano-TiO2were found in RR, ER and O:N ratio. PCA showed close relationships among most test parameters, i.e., RR, CR, AE, SFG and O:N ratio. The normal physiological responses were strongly correlated to a positive SFG with normal pH and no/low nano-TiO2conditions. Our results indicate that physiological functions of M. coruscus are more severely impaired by the combination of nano-TiO2and high pCO2.
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.|Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Menghong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.|Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Daohui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Yueyong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Weiqun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Xizhi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Yimin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.|Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Youji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008660:Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D049878:Mytilus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D014025:Titanium / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen