title: Multimodality Technologies in the Assessment of Hematolymphoid Neoplasms.
abstract: Accurate assessment of tissues for hematolymphoid neoplasms requires an integrated multiparameter approach. Although morphologic examination by light microscopy remains the mainstay of initial assessment for hematolymphoid neoplasms, immunophenotypic analysis by immunohistochemistry and/or flow cytometry is essential to determine the pattern of differentiation and to detect minimal disease when morphology is inconclusive. In some cases, immunophenotypic analysis provides additional information for targeted immunotherapy and prognostication. Genotypic studies, including cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, DNA microarray, polymerase chain reaction, and/or next-generation sequencing, are also imperative for subclassification of the genetically defined disease entities in the current World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms. Moreover, genotypic studies can establish clonality, stratify patients to determine appropriate treatment, and monitor patients for treatment response.
authors.forename: Shiyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Jaye
authors.forename: Kyle T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Linsheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saxe
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deeb
authors.forename: Charlie E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Karen P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Mann
mesh_terms: D003582:Cytogenetics / Q000379:methods; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry