title: Ancylostoma ceylanicum Hookworm in the Solomon Islands.
abstract: Although hookworm is highly prevalent in the Solomon Islands, the species involved are unknown. We initiated this study in response to finding Ancylostoma ceylanicum hookworm in a peacekeeper in Australia who had returned from the Solomon Islands. Kato-Katz fecal surveys performed in 2013 and 2014 in 2 village groups in East Malaita, Solomon Islands, identified hookworm-positive samples. These specimens were tested by cytochrome oxidase 1 (cox-1) gene multiplex PCR and sequenced. Of 66 positive specimens, 54 (81.8%) contained only Necator americanus, 11 (16.7%) contained only A. ceylanicum, and 1 (1.5%) contained both species. A. duodenale was not found. Haplotype analysis of cox-1 sequences placed all human isolates (99% bootstrap support) of A. ceylanicum within the zoonotic clade rather than the human-specific clade. This study confirms that A. ceylanicum is endemic in the East Malaita region of this Pacific Island nation. The strain of the A. ceylanicum in this region can be shared among humans, dogs, and cats.
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Bradbury
authors.forename: Sze Fui
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hii
authors.forename: Humpress
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Speare
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Traub
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000722:Ancylostoma / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics; D000724:Ancylostomiasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000235:genetics; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D017238:Genes, Helminth; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008542:Melanesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1
keywords: Ancylostoma ceylanicum; Solomon Islands; cox-1 gene; cytochrome oxidase gene 1; helminth; hookworm; multiplex PCR; parasites