title: Interaction of S-layer proteins of Lactobacillus kefir with model membranes and cells.
abstract: In previous works, it was shown that S-layer proteins from Lactobacillus kefir were able to recrystallize and stabilize liposomes, this feature reveling a great potential for developing liposomal-based carriers. Despite previous studies on this subject are important milestones, a number of questions remain unanswered. In this context, the feasibility of S-layer proteins as a biomaterial for drug delivery was evaluated in this work. First, S-layer proteins were fully characterized by electron microscopy, 2D-electrophoresis, and anionic exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Afterward, interactions of S-layer proteins with model lipid membranes were evaluated, showing that proteins adsorb to the lipid surface following a non-fickean or anomalous diffusion, when positively charged lipid were employed, suggesting that electrostatic interaction is a key factor in the recrystallization process on these proteins. Finally, the interaction of S-layer coated liposomes with Caco-2 cell line was assessed: First, cytotoxicity of formulations was tested showing no cytotoxic effects in S-layer coated vesicles. Second, by flow cytometry, it was observed an increased ability to transfer cargo molecules into Caco-2 cells from S-layer coated liposomes in comparison to control ones. All data put together, supports the idea that a combination of adhesive properties of S-layer proteins concomitant with higher stability of S-layer coated liposomes represents an exciting starting point in the development of new drug carriers.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology , Institute of Basic and Applied Microbiology, National University of Quilmes , Bernal , Argentina.|b Laboratory of Biointerfaces and Biomimetic Systems- CITSE - National University of Santiago del Estero and CONICET , Argentina , and.|c Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hollmann
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology , Institute of Basic and Applied Microbiology, National University of Quilmes , Bernal , Argentina.
authors.forename: Lucrecia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Delfederico
authors.affiliation: c Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal.
authors.forename: Nuno C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Biointerfaces and Biomimetic Systems- CITSE - National University of Santiago del Estero and CONICET , Argentina , and.
authors.forename: E Anibal
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Disalvo
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology , Institute of Basic and Applied Microbiology, National University of Quilmes , Bernal , Argentina.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Semorile
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004058:Diffusion; D065546:Drug Liberation; D006801:Humans; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D000070716:Kefir; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008081:Liposomes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C055764:S-layer proteins
keywords: Lactobacillus kefir; S-layer proteins; drug carriers; liposomes