title: Cardiopulmonary Disease Development in Anti-RNA Polymerase III-positive Systemic Sclerosis: Comparative Analyses from an Unselected, Prospective Patient Cohort.
abstract: Extensive skin disease and renal crisis are hallmarks of anti-RNA polymerase III (RNAP)-positive systemic sclerosis (SSc), while lung and heart involvement data are conflicting. Here, the aims were to perform time-course analyses of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the RNAP subset of a prospective unselected SSc cohort and to use the other autoantibody subsets as comparators.
  
  
  
  The study cohort included 279 patients with SSc from the observational Oslo University Hospital cohort with complete data on (1) SSc-related autoantibodies, (2) paired, serial analyses of lung function and fibrosis by computed tomography, and (3) PH verified by right heart catheterization.
  
  
  
  RNAP was positive in 33 patients (12%), 79% of which had diffuse cutaneous SSc. Pulmonary findings were heterogeneous; 49% had no signs of fibrosis while 18% had > 20% fibrosis at followup. Forced vital capacity at followup was < 80% in 39% of the RNAP subset, comparable to the antitopoisomerase subset (ATA; 47%), but higher than anticentromere (ACA; 13%). Accumulated frequency of PH in the RNAP subset (12%) was lower than in ACA (18%). At 93% and 78%, the 5- and 10-year survival rates in RNAP were comparable to the ATA and ACA subsets.
  
  
  
  In this cohort, the RNAP subset was marked by cardiopulmonary heterogeneity, ranging from mild ILD to development of severe ILD in 18%, and PH development in 12%. These data indicate that cardiopulmonary risk stratification early in the disease course is particularly important in RNAP-positive SSc.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. a.m.hoffmann-vold@medisin.uio.no.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo. a.m.hoffmann-vold@medisin.uio.no.
authors.forename: Anna-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hoffmann-Vold
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Øyvind
authors.initials: Ø
authors.lastname: Midtvedt
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Anders H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tennøe
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Torhild
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Garen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: May Brit
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Trond M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Aaløkken
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Arne K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Andreassen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Fadi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Elhage
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Cathrine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brunborg
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taraldsrud
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|A.M. Hoffmann-Vold, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; Ø. Midtvedt, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.H. Tennøe, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; T. Garen, MS, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; M.B. Lund, MD, PhD, Professor, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; T.M. Aaløkken, PhD, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; A.K. Andreassen, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; F. Elhage, MD, Institutes of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital; C. Brunborg, MS, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital; E. Taraldsrud, MD, Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; Ø. Molberg, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
authors.forename: Øyvind
authors.initials: Ø
authors.lastname: Molberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012320:RNA Polymerase III / Q000276:immunology*; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D012320:RNA Polymerase III
keywords: AUTOANTIBODIES; OUTCOME RESEARCH; PULMONARY FIBROSIS; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS