title: Intratracheal Instillation of Perfluorohexane Modulates the Pulmonary Immune Microenvironment by Attenuating Early Inflammatory Factors in Patients With Smoke Inhalation Injury: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
abstract: Smoke inhalation injury (SII) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in burn patients, and effective treatments are lacking. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) have a protective effect against acute lung injury. We aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of perfluorohexane on burn patients with SII. Patients with burns complicated by moderately severe SII were randomly divided into control (n = 11) and PFC groups (n = 12). The control group received conventional treatment (anti-infection, nutritional support, antishock measures, and supportive treatment). The PFC group received endotracheal perfluorohexane instillation in addition to conventional treatment. On admission and 3 days later, therapeutic effects were evaluated and inflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma were analyzed. There was no significant difference between the control and PFC group on admission. After 3 days, perfluorohexane treatment significantly (P < .05) increased lung dynamic compliance, and reduced alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, percentage of neutrophils, and levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; there was no significant change in the control group before and after treatment. Intratracheal instillation of perfluorohexane modulates the pulmonary immune microenvironment and supplements current conventional treatments for burn patients with SII.
authors.affiliation: From the *Institute of Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Affiliated Hospital of Logistic University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), Tianjin, China; †Key laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Tianjin, China; and ‡Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Shiman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shike
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Ziquan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ning Xu
authors.initials: NX
authors.lastname: Landén
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Mengyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Zhiguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Haojun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008170:Lung Compliance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015208:Smoke Inhalation Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C078626:perflexane