title: Music Preferences, Friendship, and Externalizing Behavior in Early Adolescence: A SIENA Examination of the Music Marker Theory Using the SNARE Study.
abstract: Music Marker Theory posits that music is relevant for the structuring of peer groups and that rock, urban, or dance music preferences relate to externalizing behavior. The present study tested these hypotheses, by investigating the role of music preference similarity in friendship selection and the development of externalizing behavior, while taking the effects of friends' externalizing behavior into account. Data were used from the first three waves of the SNARE (Social Network Analysis of Risk behavior in Early adolescence) study (N = 1144; 50% boys; Mage= 12.7; SD = 0.47), including students who entered the first-year of secondary school. Two hypotheses were tested. First, adolescents were expected to select friends based both on a similarity in externalizing behavior and music genre preference. Second, a preference for rock, urban, or dance, music types was expected to predict the development of externalizing behavior, even when taking friends' influence on externalizing behavior into account. Stochastic Actor-Based Modeling indicated that adolescents select their friends based on both externalizing behavior and highbrow music preference. Moreover, both friends' externalizing behavior and a preference for dance music predicted the development of externalizing behavior. Intervention programs might focus on adolescents with dance music preferences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht Centre of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. A.Franken@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Aart
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franken
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Loes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Keijsers
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, Interuniversity Center for Social Science Theory and Methodology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan Kornelis
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.affiliation: Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht Centre of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ter Bogt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D033062:Friends / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009146:Music / Q000523:psychology*; D010379:Peer Group; D012574:Schools
keywords: Early adolescence; Externalizing behavior; Music Marker Theory; SIENA; Social network analysis