title: Identification of misexpressed genetic elements in hybrids between Drosophila-related species.
abstract: Crosses between close species can lead to genomic disorders, often considered to be the cause of hybrid incompatibility, one of the initial steps in the speciation process. How these incompatibilities are established and what are their causes remain unclear. To understand the initiation of hybrid incompatibility, we performed reciprocal crosses between two species of Drosophila (D. mojavensis and D. arizonae) that diverged less than 1 Mya. We performed a genome-wide transcriptomic analysis on ovaries from parental lines and on hybrids from reciprocal crosses. Using an innovative procedure of co-assembling transcriptomes, we show that parental lines differ in the expression of their genes and transposable elements. Reciprocal hybrids presented specific gene categories and few transposable element families misexpressed relative to the parental lines. Because TEs are mainly silenced by piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), we hypothesize that in hybrids the deregulation of specific TE families is due to the absence of such small RNAs. Small RNA sequencing confirmed our hypothesis and we therefore propose that TEs can indeed be major players of genome differentiation and be implicated in the first steps of genomic incompatibilities through small RNA regulation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR CNRS 5558, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.|ERABLE-team, INRIA Grenoble Rhône-Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lopez-Maestre
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, UNESP-São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elias A G
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Carnelossi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR CNRS 5558, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.|ERABLE-team, INRIA Grenoble Rhône-Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lacroix
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR CNRS 5558, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Nelly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Burlet
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR1142, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mugat
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR1142, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chambeyron
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, UNESP-São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia M A
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Carareto
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR CNRS 5558, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vieira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017124:Conserved Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D063990:Gene Ontology; D017344:Genes, Insect; D005843:Geography; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D040582:Inheritance Patterns / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering