title: Glyoxal and methylglyoxal determination in urine by surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and LC.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Two important markers of oxidative stress, glyoxal and methylglyoxal, are preconcentrated from human urine by surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and separated by LC-fluorescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Derivatization was carried out overnight with 0.8 mM 2,3-diaminonaphthalene at 4°C. For surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, 500 µl buffer solution (pH 10.5) and 25 µl 0.03 M Triton X-114 were added to 2.5 ml of the sample and the mixture was made up to 10 ml before the rapid injection of 75 µl 1-undecanol (extractant solvent) and 0.5 ml ethanol (dispersant solvent).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method can be applied to analyze glyoxal and methylglyoxal in urine with LOD of 13 and 16 ng/l, respectively, and recoveries in the 88-103% range.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Campillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viñas
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández-Córdoba
mesh_terms: D015081:2-Naphthylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D000328:Adult; D002021:Buffers; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005260:Female; D006037:Glyoxal / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017830:Octoxynol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000652:urine*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D012997:Solvents; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C026373:2,3-diaminonaphthalene; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006037:Glyoxal; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde; D017830:Octoxynol; C010615:Nonidet P-40; D015081:2-Naphthylamine
keywords: dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; glyoxals; human urine