title: Preoperative Pyuria Is a Poor Prognostic Factor in Patients With Urothelial Carcinoma of the Upper Urinary Tract After Surgery.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of preoperative pyuria in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma after surgery.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively evaluated data on 157 patients with nonmetastatic upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma who had undergone surgery at our institution. The associations between clinical features and advanced pathological findings were evaluated using a logistic regression model. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed with the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis. The influence of pyuria on the predictive accuracy of the multivariate model was assessed using the concordance index.
  
  
  
  The median postoperative follow-up among patients who survived was 48.1 months. Preoperative pyuria was significantly correlated with worse RFS, CSS, and OS (P < .001 each). Pyuria was also associated with significantly increased risk of a high pathological T stage (≥ pT3; odds ratio, 2.99; P = .003), high tumor Grade (G3; odds ratio, 2.25; P = .038), and lymphovascular invasion (odds ratio, 2.25; P = .008). Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that pyuria was an independent prognostic factor for RFS (hazard ratio, 3.02; P < .001), CSS (hazard ratio, 2.15; P = .043), and OS (hazard ratio, 2.10; P = .019). For CSS, the addition of pyuria to the multivariate model increased its predictive accuracy from 0.87 to 0.90.
  
  
  
  Preoperative pyuria is significantly associated with CSS, OS, and increased risk of locally advanced disease and subsequent disease recurrence in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma who undergo surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Andrology, Kori Hospital, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: kinoshih@hirakata.kmu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Andrology, Kori Hospital, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Motohiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011776:Pyuria / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Perioperative pyuria; Prognostic marker; Surgery; Upper urinary tract; Urothelial carcinoma