title: Unsaturated lipid bodies as a hallmark of inflammation studied by Raman 2D and 3D microscopy.
abstract: Endothelial HMEC-1 cells incubated with pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α for 6 and 24 hours were studied as a model of inflammation using Raman imaging. Striking changes in distribution, composition and concentration of cellular lipids were observed after exposure to TNF-α compared to the control. In particular, 3D Raman imaging revealed a significant increase in the amount of lipid entities formed under inflammation. Lipid bodies were randomly distributed in the cytoplasm and two types of droplets were assembled: more saturated one, in spectral characteristics resembling phosphatidylcholine and saturated cholesteryl esters, observed also in the control, and highly unsaturated one, containing also cholesterols, being a hallmark of inflamed cells. The statistical analysis showed that the number of lipid bodies was significantly dependent on the exposure time to TNF-α. Overall, observed formation of unsaturated lipid droplets can be directly correlated with the increase in production of prostacyclins - endogenous inflammation mediators.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.|Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Czamara
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.|Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Majzner
authors.affiliation: Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Selmi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.|Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baranska
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen 2-1, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.|Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaczor
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D066292:Lipid Droplets / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008853:Microscopy; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha