title: Associations between thin slice ratings of affect and rapport and perceived patient-centeredness in primary care: Comparison of audio and video recordings.
abstract: To investigate associations between ratings of "thin slices" from recorded clinic visits and perceived patient-centeredness; to compare ratings from video recordings (sound and images) versus audio recordings (sound only).
  
  
  
  We analyzed 133 video-recorded primary care visits and patient perceptions of patient-centeredness. Observers rated thirty-second thin slices on variables assessing patient affect, physician affect, and patient-physician rapport. Video and audio ratings were collected independently.
  
  
  
  In multivariable analyses, ratings of physician positive affect (but not patient positive affect) were significantly positively associated with perceived patient-centeredness using both video and audio thin slices. Patient-physician rapport was significantly positively associated with perceived patient-centeredness using audio, but not video thin slices. Ratings from video and audio thin slices were highly correlated and had similar underlying factor structures.
  
  
  
  Physician (but not patient) positive affect is significantly associated with perceptions of patient-centeredness and can be measured reliably using either video or audio thin slices. Additional studies are needed to determine whether ratings of patient-physician rapport are associated with perceived patient-centeredness.
  
  
  
  Observer ratings of physician positive affect have a meaningful positive association with patients' perceptions of patient-centeredness. Patients appear to be highly attuned to physician positive affect during patient-physician interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, USA. Electronic address: sghenry@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, USA.
authors.forename: Louis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Penner
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, USA.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eggly
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000379:methods*; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000523:psychology*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D013637:Tape Recording; D014505:Urban Population; D014741:Video Recording
keywords: Affect; Audio recording; Patient-centered care; Physician-patient relations; Primary care; Rapport; Thin slices; Video recording