title: Ocimum sanctumLinn. stimulate the expression of choline acetyltransferase on the human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This research was conducted to identify the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) and to clarify the capability ofOcimum sanctumLinn. ethanolic extract to stimulate the presence of ChAT in the aging HCMECs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we perform anin vitroanalysis some in the presence of an ethanolic extract ofO. sanctumLinn. as a stimulator for the ChAT expression. HCMECs are divided become two groups, the first is in low passage cells as a model of young aged and the second is in a high passage as a model of aging. Furthermore to analysis the expression of ChAT without and with extract treatments, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry analysis were performed. In addition, ChAT sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is developed to detect the increasing activity of the ChAT under normal, and aging HCMECs on the condition treated and untreated cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In ourin vitromodels using HCMECs, we found that ChAT is expressed throughout intracytoplasmic areas. On the status of aging, the ethanolic extract fromO. sanctumLinn. is capable to stimulate and restore the expression of ChAT. The increasing of ChAT expression is in line with the increasing activity of this enzyme on the aging treated HCMECs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our observation indicates that HCMECs is one of the noncholinergic cells which is produced ChAT. The administrated ofO. sanctumLinn. ethanolic extract may stimulate and restore the expression of ChAT on the deteriorating cells of HCMECs, thus its may give nerve protection and help the production of acetylcholine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Dwi Liliek
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Kusindarta
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Hevi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wihadmadyatami
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Aris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haryanto
keywords: Ocimum sanctum Linn; choline acetyltransferase; human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells