title: Antimicrobial Probiotics Reduce Salmonella enterica in Turkey Gastrointestinal Tracts.
abstract: Despite the arsenal of technologies employed to control foodborne nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS), infections have not declined in decades. Poultry is the primary source of NTS outbreaks, as well as the fastest growing meat sector worldwide. With recent FDA rules for phasing-out antibiotics in animal production, pressure is mounting to develop new pathogen reduction strategies. We report on a technology to reduce Salmonella enteritidis in poultry. We engineered probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917, to express and secrete the antimicrobial peptide, Microcin J25. Using in vitro experiments and an animal model of 300 turkeys, we establish the efficacy of this technology. Salmonella more rapidly clear the ceca of birds administered the modified probiotic than other treatment groups. Approximately 97% lower Salmonella carriage is measured in a treated group, 14 days post-Salmonella challenge. Probiotic bacteria are generally regarded as safe to consume, are bile-resistant and can plausibly be modified to produce a panoply of antimicrobial peptides now known. The reported systems may provide a foundation for platforms to launch antimicrobials against gastrointestinal tract pathogens, including ones that are multi-drug resistant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Brittany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Forkus
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Seth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Michail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vlysidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Geldart
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Yiannis N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Kaznessis
mesh_terms: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000898:Antibiosis; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D064307:Microbiota; D009876:Operon; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D019936:Probiotics; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000502:physiology*; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate