title: Lifestyle Factors and Early Clinical Outcome in Patients With Acute Stroke: A Population-Based Study.
abstract: We examined the associations of individual and combined lifestyle factors with early adverse stroke outcomes.
  
  
  
  A total of 82 597 patients were identified from nationwide registries. Lifestyle factors at the time of stroke admission included body mass index (kg/m2), smoking habits, and alcohol intake, which were grouped (healthy, moderately healthy, moderately unhealthy, and unhealthy). The associations between lifestyle and outcomes were examined using multivariable regression.
  
  
  
  A total of 18.3% had a severe stroke, 7.8% pneumonia, 12.5% urinary tract infection, and 9.9% died within 30 days. The association between lifestyle, stroke severity, and mortality, respectively, differed according to sex. Unhealthy lifestyle was associated with lower risk of severe stroke (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63-0.84) and 30-day mortality among men (adjusted OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.58-0.87), but not among women (severe stroke: adjusted OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.85-1.55, and mortality: adjusted OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.90-1.99). No sex differences were found for pneumonia and urinary tract infection. Unhealthy lifestyle was not associated with a statistically significant increased risk of developing in-hospital pneumonia (adjusted OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.98-1.73) or urinary tract infection (adjusted OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.72-1.33). Underweight was associated with a higher 30-day mortality (men: adjusted OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.50-1.96, and women: adjusted OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.34-1.60).
  
  
  
  Healthy lifestyle was not associated with a lower risk of adverse stroke outcomes, in particularly among men. However, underweight may be a particular concern being associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes among both sexes.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Clinical Epidemiology (A.I., R.W.T., H.H.H., S.P.J.) and Department of Neurology (G.A.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; and Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark (H.H.R.). ai@clin.au.dk.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ingeman
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Clinical Epidemiology (A.I., R.W.T., H.H.H., S.P.J.) and Department of Neurology (G.A.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; and Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark (H.H.R.).
authors.forename: Grethe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Clinical Epidemiology (A.I., R.W.T., H.H.H., S.P.J.) and Department of Neurology (G.A.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; and Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark (H.H.R.).
authors.forename: Reimar W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Clinical Epidemiology (A.I., R.W.T., H.H.H., S.P.J.) and Department of Neurology (G.A.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; and Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark (H.H.R.).
authors.forename: Heidi H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hundborg
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Clinical Epidemiology (A.I., R.W.T., H.H.H., S.P.J.) and Department of Neurology (G.A.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; and Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark (H.H.R.).
authors.forename: Henrik H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Clinical Epidemiology (A.I., R.W.T., H.H.H., S.P.J.) and Department of Neurology (G.A.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; and Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark (H.H.R.).
authors.forename: Søren P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Johnsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality
keywords: body mass index; healthy lifestyle; pneumonia; registries; stroke