title: The Surgical Infection Society Revised Guidelines on the Management of Intra-Abdominal Infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous evidence-based guidelines on the management of intra-abdominal infection (IAI) were published by the Surgical Infection Society (SIS) in 1992, 2002, and 2010. At the time the most recent guideline was released, the plan was to update the guideline every five years to ensure the timeliness and appropriateness of the recommendations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on the previous guidelines, the task force outlined a number of topics related to the treatment of patients with IAI and then developed key questions on these various topics. All questions were approached using general and specific literature searches, focusing on articles and other information published since 2008. These publications and additional materials published before 2008 were reviewed by the task force as a whole or by individual subgroups as to relevance to individual questions. Recommendations were developed by a process of iterative consensus, with all task force members voting to accept or reject each recommendation. Grading was based on the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system; the quality of the evidence was graded as high, moderate, or weak, and the strength of the recommendation was graded as strong or weak. Review of the document was performed by members of the SIS who were not on the task force. After responses were made to all critiques, the document was approved as an official guideline of the SIS by the Executive Council.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This guideline summarizes the current recommendations developed by the task force on the treatment of patients who have IAI. Evidence-based recommendations have been made regarding risk assessment in individual patients; source control; the timing, selection, and duration of antimicrobial therapy; and suggested approaches to patients who fail initial therapy. Additional recommendations related to the treatment of pediatric patients with IAI have been included.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current recommendations of the SIS regarding the treatment of patients with IAI are provided in this guideline.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mazuski
authors.affiliation: 2 JPS Health System , Fort Worth, Texas.
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tessier
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Addison K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: May
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Surgery, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.affiliation: 5 Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Evan P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rosengart
authors.affiliation: 7 Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Phillip K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: 8 Trauma Department, Abrazo West Campus , Goodyear, Arizona.
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.affiliation: 9 Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Mollen
authors.affiliation: 10 Department of Surgery, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine , Hempstead, New York.
authors.forename: Jared M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Huston
authors.affiliation: 11 Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jose J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: 12 Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Hempstead, New York.
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Prince
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D059413:Intraabdominal Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D007813:Laparotomy; D012306:Risk; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents