title: Reconstruction of radionuclide intakes for the residents of East Urals Radioactive Trace (1957-2011).
abstract: The East Urals Radioactive Trace (EURT) was formed after a chemical explosion in the radioactive waste-storage facility of the Mayak Production Association in 1957 (Southern Urals, Russia) and resulted in an activity dispersion of 7.4 × 1016Bq into the atmosphere. Internal exposure due to ingestion of radionuclides with local foodstuffs was the main factor of public exposure at the EURT. The EURT cohort, combining residents of most contaminated settlements, was formed for epidemiological study at the Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Russia (URCRM). For the purpose of improvement of radionuclide intake estimates for cohort members, the following data sets collected in URCRM were used: (1) Total β-activity and radiochemical measurements of90Sr in local foodstuffs over all of the period of interest (1958-2011; n = 2200), which were used for relative90Sr intake estimations. (2)90Sr measurements in human bones and whole body (n = 338); these data were used for average90Sr intake derivations using an age- and gender-dependent Sr-biokinetic model. Non-strontium radionuclide intakes were evaluated on the basis of90Sr intake data and the radionuclide composition of contaminated foodstuffs. Validation of radionuclide intakes during the first years after the accident was first carried out using measurements of the feces β-activity of EURT residents (n = 148). The comparison of experimental and reconstructed values of feces β-activity shows good agreement.90Sr intakes for residents of settlements evacuated 7-14 days after the accident were also obtained from90Sr measurements in human bone and whole body. The results of radionuclide intake reconstruction will be used to estimate the internal doses for the members of the EURT cohort.
authors.affiliation: Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68-A, Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk, 454076, Russia. evgenia@urcrm.ru.
authors.forename: Evgenia I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Tolstykh
authors.affiliation: Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68-A, Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk, 454076, Russia.
authors.forename: Lyudmila M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Peremyslova
authors.affiliation: Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68-A, Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk, 454076, Russia.
authors.forename: Marina O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Degteva
authors.affiliation: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Napier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001692:Biological Transport; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011835:Radiation Protection; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism*; D012426:Russia; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes
keywords: 90Sr-body burden; East Urals Radioactive Trace; Foodstuffs; Radioactive environmental contamination; Radionuclide diet intake; Strontium-90