title: Angiogenesis mediators in women with idiopathic heavy menstrual bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relationship between stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and mature endothelial cells in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective observational study, women with idiopathic HMB and control individuals attending Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt, between August 2015 and January 2016 were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were a regular menstrual cycle, a normal coagulation study, and no anomalous ultrasonographic or hysteroscopic findings. Blood samples were collected during different phases of the menstrual cycle (day 5, ovulation, day 24) for measurement of the SDF-1 plasma level (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and for quantification of mature endothelial cells (by flow cytometry).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 20 women with HMB and 10 control individuals were enrolled. The SDF-1 level was significantly lower in the HMB group than in the control group during all phases of the menstrual cycle (P≤0.05 for all). The percentage of mature endothelial cells was significantly higher in the HMB group than among controls (P<0.001 for all). The SDF-1 level and the percentage of endothelial cells were negatively correlated throughout the cycle (P<0.001 for all).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some mediators of angiogenesis, such as SDF-1 and endothelial cells, are disturbed in women with idiopathic HMB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Osama A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Elkilani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Soliman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000097:blood*; D004534:Egypt; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008595:Menorrhagia / Q000097:blood*; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12
keywords: Endothelial cells; Heavy menstrual bleeding; Menorrhagia; Stromal cell-derived factor 1