title: Audiologic and radiologic findings in cochlear hypoplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study is to evaluate audiologic and radiologic findings of cochlear hypoplasia which is a subgroup of inner ear malformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a prospective clinical study and based on voluntary participation from cases with cochlear hypoplasia diagnosis. The study was conducted at Hacettepe University, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Audiology. Subjects were selected from an inner ear malformations database. Inclusion criteria were having cochlear hypoplasia for at least one ear. There were 66 subjects with an age range of 12 months and 60 years 5 months. For each subject, pure tone audiometry and tympanometry were applied according to chronological and cognitive age. And also, auditory brainstem response test was applied to when it is need. Subjects' radiologic results were reevaluated to confirm cochlear hypoplasia, cochlear nerve and cochlear aperture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cochlear hypoplasia types were statistically significantly different in terms of HL degree. This difference was caused by cochlear hypoplasia type IV group being was statistically different from the other three groups. Like with degree of HL, cochlear hypoplasia groups were statistically different from other three groups in terms of type of hearing loss. Cochlear aperture and cochlear nerve status showed variation according to cochlear hypoplasia type but these differences were not statistically approved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the current study, incidence of cochlear hypoplasia was 23.5% in all inner ear malformation. With this study, it was seen that subtypes of cochlear hypoplasia showed variability in terms of degree and type of hearing loss and also cochlear aperture and cochlear nerve status. Especially cochlear hypoplasia type IV differs from other three cochlear hypoplasia types.
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: betulcicek01@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Betul Cicek
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cinar
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Merve Ozbal
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Batuk
authors.affiliation: Ear-Nose-Throat Clinic, Dışkapı Yıdırım Beyazıt Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tahir
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gonca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sennaroglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sennaroglu
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003051:Cochlea / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D015834:Cochlear Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D005260:Female; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Audiological evaluation; Cochlear aperture; Cochlear hypoplasia; Cochlear implantation; Cochlear nerve; Inner ear malformation