title: Microfluidic approaches for isolation, detection, and characterization of extracellular vesicles: Current status and future directions.
abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived vesicles present in body fluids that play an essential role in various cellular processes, such as intercellular communication, inflammation, cellular homeostasis, survival, transport, and regeneration. Their isolation and analysis from body fluids have a great clinical potential to provide information on a variety of disease states such as cancer, cardiovascular complications and inflammatory disorders. Despite increasing scientific and clinical interest in this field, there are still no standardized procedures available for the purification, detection, and characterization of EVs. Advances in microfluidics allow for chemical sampling with increasingly high spatial resolution and under precise manipulation down to single molecule level. In this review, our objective is to give a brief overview on the working principle and examples of the isolation and detection methods with the potential to be used for extracellular vesicles. This review will also highlight the integrated on-chip systems for isolation and characterization of EVs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gholizadeh
authors.affiliation: Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shehata Draz
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto Alumni, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zarghooni
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanati-Nezhad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto Alumni, Toronto, Canada; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Human Anatomy& Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Canada; Health Research Policy Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghavami
authors.affiliation: Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shafiee
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 2C5; Center for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada; Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada. Electronic address: makbari@uvic.ca.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002458:Cell Fractionation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
keywords: Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; Microchip; Microfluidics