title: Structural diversity of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
abstract: Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) catalyze the oxidative cleavage of glycosidic bonds and represent a promising resource for development of industrial enzyme cocktails for biomass processing. LPMOs show high sequence and modular diversity and are known, so far, to cleave insoluble substrates such as cellulose, chitin and starch, as well as hemicelluloses such as beta-glucan, xyloglucan and xylan. All LPMOs share a catalytic histidine brace motif to bind copper, but differ strongly when it comes to the nature and arrangement of residues on the substrate-binding surface. In recent years, the number of available LPMO structures has increased rapidly, including the first structure of an enzyme-substrate complex. The insights gained from these structures is reviewed below.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway. Electronic address: gustav.vaaje-kolstad@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Gustav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vaaje-Kolstad
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway.
authors.forename: Zarah
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Forsberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway.
authors.forename: Jennifer Sm
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Loose
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway; INRA, UMR792, Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Bastien
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bissaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway.
authors.forename: Vincent Gh
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Eijsink
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D006801:Humans; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases