title: Roflumilast and aquaporin-2 regulation in rat renal inner medullary collecting duct.
abstract: Roflumilast is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor that is FDA-approved for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With a view toward possible use for treatment of patients with X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) due to hemizygous mutations in the V2 vasopressin receptor, this study sought to determine the effect of roflumilast on aquaporin-2 (AQP2) phosphorylation, AQP2 trafficking, and water permeability in the rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). In the presence of the vasopressin analog dDAVP (0.1 nmol/L), both roflumilast and its active metabolite roflumilast N-oxide (RNO) significantly increased phosphorylation at S256, S264, and S269, and decreased phosphorylation at S261 (immunoblotting) in IMCD suspensions in a dose-dependent manner (3-3000 nmol/L). Another commonly used phosphodiesterase inhibitor, IBMX, affected phosphorylation only at the highest concentration in this range. However, neither roflumilast nor RNO had an effect on AQP2 phosphorylation in the absence of vasopressin. Furthermore, roflumilast alone did not increase AQP2 trafficking to the plasma membrane (immunofluorescence) or increase water permeability in freshly microdissected perfused IMCD segments. We conclude that roflumilast can be used to enhance vasopressin's action on AQP2 activity in the renal collecting duct, but has no detectable effect in the absence of vasopressin. These findings suggest that roflumilast may not have a beneficial effect in X-linked NDI, but could find useful application in acquired NDI.
authors.affiliation: Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center NHLBI National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-1603.
authors.forename: Ezigbobiara N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Umejiego
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322.
authors.forename: Yanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center NHLBI National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-1603 knepperm@nhlbi.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Knepper
authors.affiliation: Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center NHLBI National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-1603.
authors.forename: Chung-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chou
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000631:Aminopyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D051399:Aquaporin 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007685:Kidney Tubules, Collecting / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000631:Aminopyridines; D051399:Aquaporin 2; D001549:Benzamides; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors; D014867:Water; C424423:Roflumilast; D014667:Vasopressins; C517734:roflumilast N-oxide; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine
keywords: X chromosome; cAMP phosphodiesterase; kidney; nephrogenic diabetes insipidus