title: Polymorphisms in genes encoding miR-155 and miR-146a are associated with protection to type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by severe autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. The triggering of autoimmunity against beta-cells is probably caused by a combination of environmental and genetic risk factors. Even though much is known about the genetic of T1DM, more information is needed to completely unravel this tangled disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs molecules that negatively regulate gene expression by inducing target mRNA cleavage or by inhibiting protein translation. Abnormal miRNA expressions have been described in autoimmune diseases and T1DM. Polymorphisms in genes codifying miRNAs may alter the expression of the corresponding miRNA and, thus, confer susceptibility for a given disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether polymorphisms in genes encoding miR-155, miR-146a, and miR-375 are associated with T1DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Frequencies of the miRNA-146a rs2910164, miRNA-155 rs767649 and miRNA-375 rs6715345 polymorphisms were analyzed in 490 T1DM patients and in 469 nondiabetic subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-155 rs767649 polymorphisms were associated with protection for T1DM, and the strongest association was observed for the dominant model [odds ratio (OR) = 0.557 95% CI 0.355-0.874 and OR = 0.508, 95% CI 0.265-0.973, respectively, after adjustment for age, ethnicity, and risk HLA loci]. However, miR-375 rs6715345 frequencies did not differ between cases and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MiR-146a rs2910164 and miR-155 rs767649 polymorphisms were associated with protection for T1DM.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.|Postgraduation Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Taís S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Assmann
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.|Postgraduation Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme C K
authors.initials: GCK
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Brondani
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro H O
authors.initials: PHO
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Égina M
authors.initials: ÉM
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.|Postgraduation Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luís H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Canani
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil. dcmoreira@hcpa.edu.br.|Postgraduation Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. dcmoreira@hcpa.edu.br.
authors.forename: Daisy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crispim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C542542:MIRN146 microRNA, human; C524942:MIRN155 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: MicroRNA; Polymorphisms; Type 1 diabetes mellitus