title: Relationships Between Perceived Family Gambling and Peer Gambling and Adolescent Problem Gambling and Binge-Drinking.
abstract: The study systematically examined the relative relationships between perceived family and peer gambling and adolescent at-risk/problem gambling and binge-drinking. It also determined the likelihood of at-risk/problem gambling and binge-drinking as a function of the number of different social groups with perceived gambling. A multi-site high-school survey assessed gambling, alcohol use, presence of perceived excessive peer gambling (peer excess-PE), and family gambling prompting concern (family concern-FC) in 2750 high-school students. Adolescents were separately stratified into: (1) low-risk, at-risk, and problem/pathological gambling groups; and, (2) non-binge-drinking, low-frequency-binge-drinking, and high-frequency-binge-drinking groups. Multinomial logistic regression showed that relative to each other, FC and PE were associated with greater likelihoods of at-risk and problem/pathological gambling. However, only FC was associated with binge-drinking. Logistic regression revealed that adolescents who endorsed either FC or PE alone, compared to no endorsement, were more likely to have at-risk and problem/pathological gambling, relative to low-risk gambling. Adolescents who endorsed both FC and PE, compared to PE alone, were more likely to have problem/pathological gambling relative to low-risk and at-risk gambling. Relative to non-binge-drinking adolescents, those who endorsed both FC and PE were more likely to have low- and high-frequency-binge-drinking compared to FC alone or PE alone, respectively. Family and peer gambling individually contribute to adolescent at-risk/problem gambling and binge-drinking. Strategies that target adolescents as well as their closely affiliated family and peer members may be an important step towards prevention of harm-associated levels of gambling and alcohol use in youths.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. zuwei.zhai@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Zu Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.|The National Center on Addictions and Substance Abuse, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.affiliation: The Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Clinton, CT, 06413, USA.
authors.forename: Marvin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.affiliation: Problem Gambling Services, Middletown, CT, 06457, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wampler
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Rani A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.|The Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
authors.forename: Suchitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan-Sarin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.|The National Center on Addictions and Substance Abuse, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.|The Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.|Department of Neuroscience and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Marc N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Potenza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010379:Peer Group; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012931:Social Environment; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adolescence; Alcohol; Binge drinking; Family; Peers; Problem gambling