title: Phytoremediation of fluoride with garden ornamentals Nerium oleander, Portulaca oleracea, and Pogonatherum crinitum.
abstract: Nursery grown plants of Nerium oleander, Pogonatherum crinitum, and Portulaca oleracea were observed to remove fluoride up to 92, 80, and 73%, respectively, from NaF solution at the concentration of 10 mg L-1within 15 days. Concentration range of 10-50 mg L-1of fluoride revealed a constant decrease of removal from 92 to 51% within 15 days by N. oleander, while the biomass (one to five plants) showed enhancement in removal from 74 to 98% in 10 days. Translocation and bioaccumulation factors calculated after fluoride contents in roots and leaves of N. oleander, P. crinitum, and P. oleracea were 1.85, 1.19, and 1.43, and 9.8, 3.6, and 2.2, respectively. P . oleracea, P. crinitum, and N. oleander showed reductions in chlorophyll contents by 40, 57 and 25 and 8%, carbohydrates by 50, 44, and 16%, and proteins by 38, 53, and 15%, respectively. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the roots of P. oleracea, P. crinitum, and N. oleander were observed to be induced by 400, 383, and 500%; 80, 105, and 424%; and 153, 77, and 71%, respectively, while the leaves showed induction in SOD, CAT, and GPX activities by 550, 315, and 165%; 196, 227, and 243%; and 280, 242, and 184%, respectively. Results endorsed the superiority of N. oleander for fluoride removal over other plant species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004, India. krahulbt@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rahul V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Khandare
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004, India.
authors.forename: Shaileshkumar B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004, India.
authors.forename: Sourabh S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bhujbal
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004, India.
authors.forename: Anuprita D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Watharkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004, India.
authors.forename: Shivtej P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Biradar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004, India.
authors.forename: Pankaj K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Pawar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004, India. spgovindwar@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Sanjay P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Govindwar
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D030007:Nerium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D006109:Poaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D031822:Portulaca / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002374:Catalase; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Bioaccumulation; Fluorides, toxicity; Nerium oleander; Phytoremediation