title: A catechin nanoformulation inhibits WM266 melanoma cell proliferation, migration and associated neo-angiogenesis.
abstract: We validated the anticancer potential of a nanoformulation made by (+)-catechin, gelatin and carbon nanotubes in terms of inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, migration and associated neo-angiogenesis. Gelatin was selected to stabilize the catechin without compromising its anti-oxidant potential and the carbon nanotubes were used to increase its intracellular bioavailability. The anticancer potential of the resulting nanohybrid was validated on an aggressive melanoma cell line, in vitro and in zebrafish xenotransplants. The nanohybrid strongly enhances the cytotoxic effect of (+)-catechin. At a concentration of (+)-catechin 50μg/ml, the nanohybrid inhibited the ability of melanoma cells to proliferate (100% increase of cell doubling time and severe impairment in zebrafish xenotransplants), to migrate (totally inhibition in vitro and 50% reduction of cell motility in zebrafish xenotransplants) and to induce neo-angiogenesis (100% inhibition in zebrafish xenotransplants). Conversely, the free (+)-catechin and carrier (CNT:gel) had no statistically significant effects over the control, at any concentration tested. Our results suggest that the use of the nanohybrid, able to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the catechins, could represent a successful strategy for a future clinical translation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: di Leo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battaglini
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Scienze della Vita, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Italy.
authors.forename: Liron
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giannaccini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dente
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Dresden D-01171, Germany.
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hampel
authors.affiliation: Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney 2031, Australia; Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney 2031, Australia.
authors.forename: Orazio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vittorio
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Calabria, Rende, CS 87036, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cirillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy; Istituto di Scienze della Vita, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Italy; IMSaT, University of Dundee, DD2 1FD, United Kingdom. Electronic address: vittoria.raffa@unipi.it.
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raffa
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002392:Catechin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D002392:Catechin
keywords: (+)-catechin; Anti-angiogenic activity; Anti-cancer activity; Carbon nanotubes; Melanoma cell line WM266; Zebrafish