title: The Yin and Yang of Memory Consolidation: Hippocampal and Neocortical.
abstract: While hippocampal and cortical mechanisms of memory consolidation have long been studied, their interaction is poorly understood. We sought to investigate potential interactions with respect to trace dominance, strengthening, and interference associated with postencoding novelty or sleep. A learning procedure was scheduled in a watermaze that placed the impact of novelty and sleep in opposition. Distinct behavioural manipulations-context preexposure or interference during memory retrieval-differentially affected trace dominance and trace survival, respectively. Analysis of immediate early gene expression revealed parallel up-regulation in the hippocampus and cortex, sustained in the hippocampus in association with novelty but in the cortex in association with sleep. These findings shed light on dynamically interacting mechanisms mediating the stabilization of hippocampal and neocortical memory traces. Hippocampal memory traces followed by novelty were more dominant by default but liable to interference, whereas sleep engaged a lasting stabilization of cortical traces and consequent trace dominance after preexposure.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9537-7959
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Genzel
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Janine I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Rossato
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jacobse
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.|Institute for Behavioural Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Roddy M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Grieves
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Patrick A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Spooner
authors.affiliation: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Francesco P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.affiliation: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Guillen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.|Instituto for Neurosciencias, CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Richard G M
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D000069077:Memory Consolidation / Q000502:physiology*; D019579:Neocortex / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016709:Yin-Yang