title: In-situ degradation of soil-sorbed 17β-estradiol using carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized manganese oxide nanoparticles: Column studies.
abstract: This work tested a new remediation technology for in-situ degradation of estrogens by delivering a new class of stabilized manganese oxide (MnO2) nanoparticles in contaminated soils. The nanoparticles were prepared using a food-grade carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a stabilizer, which was able to facilitate particle delivery into soil. The effectiveness of the technology was tested using 17β-estradiol (E2) as a model estrogen and three sandy loams (SL1, SL2, and SL3) as model soils. Column transport tests showed that the nanoparticles can be delivered in the three soils, though retention of the nanoparticles varied. The nanoparticle retention is strongly dependent on the injection pore velocity. The treatment effectiveness is highly dependent upon the mass transfer rates of both the nanoparticles and contaminants. When the E2-laden soils were treated with 22-130 pore volumes of a 0.174 g/L MnO2nanoparticle suspension, up to 88% of water leachable E2 was degraded. The nanoparticles were more effective for soils that offer moderate desorption rates of E2. Decreasing injection velocity or increasing MnO2concentration facilitate E2 degradation. The nanoparticles-based technology appears promising for in-situ oxidation of endocrine disruptors in groundwater.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Institute of Environmental Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China. Electronic address: zhaodon@auburn.edu.
authors.forename: Dongye
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000737:chemistry; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D004958:Estradiol / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D010087:Oxides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014867:Water; D004958:Estradiol; C027424:manganese oxide; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
keywords: Emerging contaminant; Endocrine disruptor; Manganese dioxide; Nanoparticle; Soil remediation