title: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 in bipolar disorder: An expression study in peripheral tissues.
abstract: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) is a member of the family of high-affinity binding proteins (IGFBP1-6) and appears to play a governing role in insulin-like growth factor (IGF) regulation in the central nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the putative involvement of IGFBP2 in mood disorder pathogenesis by measuring its expression levels in patient peripheral tissues.
  
  
  
  IGFBP2 protein and mRNA levels were measured in the serum of 93 controls, 41 bipolar disorder (BD) and 43 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and in the skin fibroblasts from 15 controls, 12 BD and 23 MDD patients.
  
  
  
  The results indicated reduced expression of IGFBP2 in both tissues of BD patients, whereas no difference was found in MDD patients compared with controls.
  
  
  
  Our findings in peripheral tissues are consistent with previous results in the brain and support a downregulation of IGFBP2 expression that is specific for BD, suggesting a role for this protein in the alterations in neurodevelopment and neuroprotection observed in the disorder. Further studies in independent and larger cohorts are warranted to confirm the involvement of IGFBP2 in BD.
authors.affiliation: a Genetics Unit, IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Fatebenefratelli , Brescia , Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2753-3395
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Milanesi
authors.affiliation: b Molecular Markers Laboratory , IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Fatebenefratelli , Brescia , Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7727-0584
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zanardini
authors.affiliation: c Department of Neuroscience , University of Torino , Torino , Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2308-9146
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosso
authors.affiliation: c Department of Neuroscience , University of Torino , Torino , Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2533-140X
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maina
authors.affiliation: d Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Biology and Genetic Division , University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1127-7764
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbon
authors.affiliation: d Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Biology and Genetic Division , University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3896-7893
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mora
authors.affiliation: d Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Biology and Genetic Division , University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9463-7808
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minelli
authors.affiliation: a Genetics Unit, IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Fatebenefratelli , Brescia , Italy.|d Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Biology and Genetic Division , University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4192-945X
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gennarelli
authors.affiliation: a Genetics Unit, IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Fatebenefratelli , Brescia , Italy.|e Faculty of Psychology , eCampus University , Novedrate (Como) , Italy.
authors.forename: Luisella
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9801-603X
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bocchio-Chiavetto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: IGFBP2; bipolar disorder; fibroblasts; major depressive disorder; serum