title: Rising temperatures may drive fishing-induced selection of low-performance phenotypes.
abstract: Climate warming is likely to interact with other stressors to challenge the physiological capacities and survival of phenotypes within populations. This may be especially true for the billions of fishes per year that undergo vigorous exercise prior to escaping or being intentionally released from fishing gear. Using adult coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus), an important fisheries species throughout the Indo-Pacific, we show that population-level survival following vigorous exercise is increasingly compromised as temperatures increase from current-day levels (100-67% survival at 24-30 °C) to those projected for the end of the century (42% survival at 33 °C). Intriguingly, we demonstrate that high-performance individuals take longer to recover to a resting metabolic state and subsequently have lower survival in warm water compared with conspecifics that exercise less vigorously. Moreover, we show that post-exercise mortality of high-performance phenotypes manifests after 3-13 d at the current summer maximum (30 °C), while mortality at 33 °C occurs within 1.8-14.9 h. We propose that wild populations in a warming climate may become skewed towards low-performance phenotypes with ramifications for predator-prey interactions and community dynamics. Our findings highlight the susceptibility of phenotypic diversity to fishing activities and demonstrate a mechanism that may contribute to fishing-induced evolution in the face of ongoing climate change.
authors.affiliation: Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3, Townsville MC, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Messmer
authors.affiliation: College of Marine and Environmental Sciences and Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tobin
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hoey
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
authors.forename: Morgan S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Pratchett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057231:Climate Change; D057894:Coral Reefs; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005398:Fisheries; D005399:Fishes; D057232:Global Warming; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010641:Phenotype; D013696:Temperature