title: Shared Sulfur Mobilization Routes for tRNA Thiolation and Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
abstract: Modifications of transfer RNA (tRNA) have been shown to play critical roles in the biogenesis, metabolism, structural stability and function of RNA molecules, and the specific modifications of nucleobases with sulfur atoms in tRNA are present in pro- and eukaryotes. Here, especially the thiomodifications xm⁵s²U at the wobble position 34 in tRNAs for Lys, Gln and Glu, were suggested to have an important role during the translation process by ensuring accurate deciphering of the genetic code and by stabilization of the tRNA structure. The trafficking and delivery of sulfur nucleosides is a complex process carried out by sulfur relay systems involving numerous proteins, which not only deliver sulfur to the specific tRNAs but also to other sulfur-containing molecules including iron-sulfur clusters, thiamin, biotin, lipoic acid and molybdopterin (MPT). Among the biosynthesis of these sulfur-containing molecules, the biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) and the synthesis of thio-modified tRNAs in particular show a surprising link by sharing protein components for sulfur mobilization in pro- and eukaryotes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. sleim@uni-potsdam.de.
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leimkühler
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. buehning@uni-potsdam.de.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bühning
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. beilschm@uni-potsdam.de.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beilschmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003067:Coenzymes; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008667:Metalloproteins; D008958:Models, Molecular; D000090006:Molybdenum Cofactors; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011621:Pteridines; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013455:Sulfur / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003067:Coenzymes; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008667:Metalloproteins; D000090006:Molybdenum Cofactors; D011621:Pteridines; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D013455:Sulfur; C022261:molybdopterin
keywords: ">l-cysteine desulfurase; molybdenum cofactor; persulfide; sulfurtransferase; tRNA; thiocarboxylate; thionucleosides