title: Fe@Fe2O3promoted electrochemical mineralization of atrazine via a triazinon ring opening mechanism.
abstract: In this study, an electrochemical/electro-Fenton oxidation (EC/EF) system was designed to degrade atrazine, by utilizing boron-doped diamond (BDD) and Fe@Fe2O3core-shell nanowires loaded active carbon fiber (Fe@Fe2O3/ACF) as the anode and the cathode, respectively. This EC/EF system exhibited much higher degradation rate, decholorination and mineralization efficiency of atrazine than the electrochemical (EC) and electrochemical/traditional electro-Fenton (EC/TEF) oxidation counterpart systems without Fe@Fe2O3core-shell nanowires. Active species trapping experiment revealed that Fe@Fe2O3could activate molecular oxygen to produce more OH through Fenton reaction, which favored the atrazine degradation. High performance liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were applied to probe the decomposition and mineralization of atrazine during this novel EC/EF process, which revealed that two intermediates of triazinons (the isomerization of hydroxylated atrazine) were generated during the electrochemical/electro-Fenton oxidation of atrazine in the presence of Fe@Fe2O3core-shell nanowires. The experimental and theoretical calculation results suggested that atrazine might be degraded via a triazinon ring opening mechanism, while the presence of Fe@Fe2O3notably accelerated the decholorination process, and produced more hydroxylated products to promote the generation of trazinons and the subsequent ring cleavage as well as the final complete mineralization. This work provides a deep insight into the triazine ring opening mechanism and the design of efficient electrochemical advanced oxidation technologies (EAOTs) for persistent organic pollutant removal.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
authors.forename: Shengyao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
authors.forename: Wanqiu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China. Electronic address: hchenhao@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China. Electronic address: zhanglz@mail.ccnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001280:Atrazine / Q000737:chemistry*; D001895:Boron / Q000737:chemistry; D018130:Diamond / Q000737:chemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D018130:Diamond; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; D001895:Boron; D001280:Atrazine
keywords: Atrazine; Boron-doped diamond; Electrochemical advanced oxidation; Fe@Fe(2)O(3)/ACF electrode; Fenton