title: A Periplasmic Polymer Curves Vibrio cholerae and Promotes Pathogenesis.
abstract: Pathogenic Vibrio cholerae remains a major human health concern. V. cholerae has a characteristic curved rod morphology, with a longer outer face and a shorter inner face. The mechanism and function of this curvature were previously unknown. Here, we identify and characterize CrvA, the first curvature determinant in V. cholerae. CrvA self-assembles into filaments at the inner face of cell curvature. Unlike traditional cytoskeletons, CrvA localizes to the periplasm and thus can be considered a periskeletal element. To quantify how curvature forms, we developed QuASAR (quantitative analysis of sacculus architecture remodeling), which measures subcellular peptidoglycan dynamics. QuASAR reveals that CrvA asymmetrically patterns peptidoglycan insertion rather than removal, causing more material insertions into the outer face than the inner face. Furthermore, crvA is quorum regulated, and CrvA-dependent curvature increases at high cell density. Finally, we demonstrate that CrvA promotes motility in hydrogels and confers an advantage in host colonization and pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bartlett
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Bratton
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duvshani
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miguel
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Persat
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Samantha M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Desmarais
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: VanNieuwenhze
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Kerwyn Casey
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014, China; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Shaevitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Electronic address: zgitai@princeton.edu.
authors.forename: Zemer
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gitai
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008124:Locomotion; D051379:Mice; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000378:metabolism; D019897:Periplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C000618572:CrvA protein, Vibrio cholerae; D010457:Peptidoglycan
keywords: bacterial cytoskeleton; cell shape; fluorescent D-amino acids; pathogenesis; peptidoglycan; periskeleton; quantitative cell biology