title: Follicular fluid cytokine composition and oocyte quality of polycystic ovary syndrome patients with metabolic syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization.
abstract: To provide insights into the correlation among lipid metabolism, cytokine profiles in the follicular fluid (FF) and embryo quality of women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) with metabolic syndrome (MS).
  
  
  
  Ninety women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment were recruited, including 60 PCOS patients (PCOS non MS and PCOS MS) and 30 age-matched controls. Individual FF samples were analyzed using the cytometric multiplex immunoassay.
  
  
  
  In the FF, the PCOS MS group was associated with higher, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). The FF tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level in the PCOS MS group was 3.89±1.18ng/mL, which was significantly higher compared with the control (2.94±1.02ng/mL) and PCOS non-MS groups (3.05±1.21ng/mL) (P=0.002), while the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) level in the PCOS MS group (4.18±1.33ng/mL) was lower compared with the control (5.61±1.82ng/mL) and PCOS non-MS groups (5.32±1.91ng/mL) (P=0.004). The FF G-CSF showed a trend toward negative relationship with TG and TC; TNF-α concentration was positively associated with TG. The percentage of top-quality embryo decreased in the PCOS MS group than in the other two groups (20% vs. 38.4% and 34.6%).
  
  
  
  In conclusion, there was an elevated lipolysis condition within the FF of PCOS MS patients and the TNF-α and G-CSF levels in FF were associated with top-quality embryo percentage. TNF-α and G-CSF may be the key cytokines involved in the mechanism of decreased embryo development potential in PCOS MS patients.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: kangniu@sina.com.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Aijun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Cytokine; Follicular fluid; Metabolic syndrome; Oocyte; PCOS