title: The Rice Receptor-Like Kinases DWARF AND RUNTISH SPIKELET1 and 2 Repress Cell Death and Affect Sugar Utilization during Reproductive Development.
abstract: Cell-to-cell communication precisely controls the creation of new organs during reproductive growth. However, the sensor molecules that mediate developmental signals in monocot plants are poorly understood. Here, we report that DWARF AND RUNTISH SPIKELET1 (DRUS1) and DRUS2, two closely related receptor-like kinases (RLKs), redundantly control reproductive growth and development in rice (Oryza sativa). Adrus1-1 drus2double knockout mutant, but not either single mutant, showed extreme dwarfism and barren inflorescences that harbored sterile spikelets. The gibberellin pathway was not impaired in this mutant. A phenotypic comparison of mutants expressing different amounts of DRUS1 and 2 revealed that reproductive growth requires a threshold level of DRUS1/2 proteins. DRUS1 and 2 maintain cell viability by repressing protease-mediated cell degradation and likely by affecting sugar utilization or conversion. In the later stages of anther development, survival of the endothecium requires DRUS1/2, which may stimulate expression of the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase geneUGP2and starch biosynthesis in pollen. Unlike theirArabidopsis thalianaortholog FERONIA, DRUS1 and 2 mediate a fundamental signaling process that is essential for cell survival and represents a novel biological function for the CrRLK1L RLK subfamily.
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Cui-Xia
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5460-8925
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong-Feng
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5626-668X
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6308-8511
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Feng-Yan
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chun-Yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong-Cun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuo-Lei
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Jing
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Su-Qiao
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Da-Ye
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei 050024, P.R. China yingsun@mail.hebtu.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.|Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1444-5057
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000235:genetics; D035264:Flowers / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D015151:Immunoblotting; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012275:Oryza / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D034622:RNA Interference; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012098:Reproduction / Q000235:genetics; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D010940:Plant Proteins; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D013213:Starch; C522131:At3g51550 protein, Arabidopsis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases