title: T-cell clones in human trichinellosis: Evidence for a mixed Th1/Th2 response.
abstract: In humans, studies on the cellular immune response against Trichinella are scarce. Aim of this study was to characterize the cytokine profile of T cells specific for Trichinella britovi in trichinellosis patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from five patients involved in a trichinellosis outbreak caused by T. britovi, which occurred in 2013 in Tuscany (Italy). All the patients resulted positive for Trichinella-specific IgG, IgE and presented eosinophilia. T cells were investigated for their proliferation to excretory/secretory antigens from Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae (TsES) and for their cytokine profile. A total of 284 CD4+ and 42 CD8+ T-cell clones were obtained from the TsES-specific T-cell lines from PBMC. All T-cell clones proliferated in response to mitogen. Of the 284 CD4+ T-cell clones generated from TsES-specific T-cell lines, 135 (47%) proliferated significantly to TsES; 26% CD8+ T-cell clones showed proliferation to TsES. In the series of the 135 TsES-specific CD4+ clones, 51% expressed a Th2 profile, 30% a Th0 and 19% Th1. In the series of the 11 TsES-specific CD8+ T-cell clones, 18% were Tc2, 45% Tc0 and 36% Tc1. In human trichinellosis, the cellular immune response is, during the chronic phase, mixed Th1/Th2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Della Bella
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benagiano
authors.affiliation: Ospedale di Lucca, Lucca, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Gennaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gomez-Morales
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ludovisi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: D'Elios
authors.affiliation: Ospedale di Lucca, Lucca, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pozio
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: M M
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9160-0930
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: D'Elios
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Research, N.T.M.S., Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.|National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bruschi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014234:Trichinella / Q000276:immunology*; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000276:immunology; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: IgE; T-cell clones; Th1/Th2 mixed response; eosinophilia; human trichinellosis