title: Rhinovirus C, Asthma, and Cell Surface Expression of Virus Receptor CDHR3.
abstract: Human rhinoviruses (RVs) of the A, B, and C species are defined agents of the common cold. But more than that, RV-A and RV-C are the dominant causes of hospitalization category infections in young children, especially those with asthma. The use of cadherin-related family member 3 (CDHR3) by RV-C as its cellular receptor creates a direct phenotypic link between human genetics (G versus A alleles cause Cys529 versus Tyr529 protein variants) and the efficiency with which RV-C can infect cells. With a lower cell surface display density, the human-specific Cys529 variant apparently confers partial protection from the severest virus-induced asthma episodes. Selective pressure favoring the Cys529 codon may have coemerged with the evolution of RV-C and helped shape modern human genomes against the virus-susceptible, albeit ancestral Tyr529.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Virology and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA acpalmen@wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Ann C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Palmenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000070585:Cadherin Related Proteins; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003139:Common Cold / Q000821:virology*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D053585:Virus Attachment
chemical_list: C586717:CDHR3 protein, human; D000070585:Cadherin Related Proteins; D015820:Cadherins; D008565:Membrane Proteins
keywords: asthma; cadherin structure; common cold; paleogenetics; rhinovirus C