title: High Resolution Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Solitary Orbital Tumors : 3D Turbo Field Echo with Diffusion-Sensitized Driven-Equilibrium (DSDE-TFE) Preparation Technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To differentiate cystic from solid solitary intraorbital tumors using 3D turbo field echo with diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium preparation without contrast material.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review boards, and written informed consent was waived. A total of 26 patients with intraorbital tumors were studied. Motion probing gradients were conducted at one direction with b‑values of 0 and 500 s/mm2. The voxel size was 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 mm3, and acquisition time was 5 min 22 s. Additionally, fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and T1WI were obtained. The apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) of the lesions were measured. Signal intensity on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to normal appearing white matter was also measured. Statistical analysis was performed with Mann-Whitney U-test, the Steel-Dwass test and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 10 cystic (7 dermoids, 2 epidermoids, and 1 cystadenoma) and 16 solid (8 cavernous hemangiomas, 6 pleomorphic adenomas, 1 adenocarcinoma, and 1 sebaceous carcinoma) tumors. The ADC of the cystic tumors (mean ± SD; 2.21 ± 0.76 × 10-3mm2/s) was statistically significantly lower than that of solid tumors (1.43 ± 0.41 × 10-3mm2/s; P < 0.05).; however, there were no statistically significant differences on conventional MRI (P > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences among tumor subtypes in all parameters (P > 0.05). The ROC analysis showed the best diagnostic performance with ADC (Az = 0.77).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With its insensitivity to field inhomogeneity and high spatial resolution, the 3D DSDE-TFE technique enabled us to discriminate cystic tumors from solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan. hiwatasi@radiol.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hiwatashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Togao
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: MR Clinical Science, Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Obara
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene
keywords: Apparent diffusion coefficient; Diffusion-weighted imaging; Orbit; Tumor