title: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells ameliorates dermal fibrosis in a mouse model of scleroderma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for limited cutaneous scleroderma (LS) in mouse models.
  
  
  METHODS
  ADSCs were isolated from pathogen-free female C57BL/6 mice and LS was induced in wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice via daily injection of bleomycin (0.1 mL × 300 μg/mL) for 4 weeks; then the ADSCs were subcutaneously injected into the dorsal area in the model treatment group, and 100 μL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution was injected into the same site in the model control group. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used to track the cells using an in vivo imaging system on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after transplantation. All mice were sacrificed and histologic analyses were performed after 4 weeks, and the skin thickness, collagen deposition and the total content of hydroxyproline were evaluated. Additionally, immunohistochemistry were performed to compare the tissue expression and distribution of TGF-β1 and VEGF between the ADSCs treatment group and the treatment control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  WT C57BL/6 LS mouse model were successfully established and GFP in vivo fluorescence imaging showed that the translated ADSCs survived at the local for at least 4 weeks. Compared with the control group, the ADSCs treatment group significantly attenuated bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis, reduced the skin thickness and the total content of hydroxyproline (P < 0.05). The ADSCs treatment group displayed significantly lower levels of TGF-β1 and higher levels of VEGF than the control group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADSCs may provide a feasible and practical treatment for autoimmune diseases such as LS and ameliorate dermal fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Dermatology, Zhu Ri He Base Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Inner Mongolia, China; Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Kuan
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Man-Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Gui-Chun
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-Xu
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China. Electronic address: rongyay@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Rong-Ya
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Yang
keywords: Adipose-derived stem cells; Limited cutaneous scleroderma; Mouse model; TGF-β1; VEGF