title: Clinical Neurophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis.
abstract: Different neurophysiological methods such as evoked potentials (EP), testing of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) or polysomnography have the potential to detect clinically silent lesions or to confirm the existence of an association between a clinical symptom and multiple sclerosis (MS); previously undetected by MRI. Therefore, in the most recent MRI criteria for the diagnosis of MS (MAGNIMS consensus guidelines), neurophysiological confirmation of optic nerve dysfunction (slowed conduction on visual EP), support dissemination in space and, in patients without concurrent visual symptoms, dissemination in time. In this chapter we will review the existing evidence regarding the role of different neurophysiological tests (specifically the role of EPs, autonomic nervous system testing and sleep testing in MS) in the diagnosis and management of MS.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. mhabek@mef.hr.|Department of Neurology, Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia. mhabek@mef.hr.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Habek
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adamec
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barun
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Luka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Crnošija
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Tereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gabelić
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krbot Skorić
mesh_terms: D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004568:Electrodiagnosis; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology*; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Autonomic nervous system; Evoked potentials; Multiple sclerosis; Sleep disorders