title: DisseminatedPenicillium marneffeiinfection recurrence in a non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome patient: A case report.
abstract: Penicillium marneffeiis a rare deep tissue fungal infection causing an endemic in Southeast Asia. This infection causes penicilliosis disease and is more common in patients who are immunocompromised. To date, no cases ofP. marneffeiinfection relapse following treatment have been reported. A 36-year-old patient attended our hospital as a result of intermittent fever, cough, shortness of breath and multiple soft lesions located on the face, arms, neck and trunk. The medical radiological examination of the lung revealed multiple patchy exudative shadows, thick-walled hollow inner part of the visible lesions, bilateral pleural and pericardial effusion. Assessing the skull and right collarbone, bilateral thoracic ribs and a plurality revealed numeorus lesions with reduced bone destruction and revealed that the patient was positive forP. marneffeiinfection. After 6 months of antifungal therapy, pulmonary symptoms and the surface lesions of the patient rapidly disappearance and the physical condition markedly improved. The patient did not attend a follow-up and stopped antifungal treatment. In February 2016, the patient presented with left breast and subcutaneous soft tissue mass of the head and neck. Fungal culture results revealed that the patient was again positive forP. marneffeiinfection. The present case suggested that clinical doctors and patients must pay more attention to regular treatment of the disseminatedP. marneffei. It also highlighted the requirement for awareness of penicilliosis in non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients, who are not immunocompromised, who are living in or traveling toP. marneffei-endemic areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhixue
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fangxu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yining
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yudong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhishu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: disease recurrence; disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection; therapy