title: Spontaneous ischaemic stroke lesions in a dog brain: neuropathological characterisation and comparison to human ischaemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dogs develop spontaneous ischaemic stroke with a clinical picture closely resembling human ischaemic stroke patients. Animal stroke models have been developed, but it has proved difficult to translate results obtained from such models into successful therapeutic strategies in human stroke patients. In order to face this apparent translational gap within stroke research, dogs with ischaemic stroke constitute an opportunity to study the neuropathology of ischaemic stroke in an animal species.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 7 years and 8 months old female neutered Rottweiler dog suffered a middle cerebral artery infarct and was euthanized 3 days after onset of neurological signs. The brain was subjected to histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Neuropathological changes were characterised by a pan-necrotic infarct surrounded by peri-infarct injured neurons and reactive microglia/macrophages and astrocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The neuropathological changes reported in the present study were similar to findings in human patients with ischaemic stroke. The dog with spontaneous ischaemic stroke is of interest as a complementary spontaneous animal model for further neuropathological studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Barbara Blicher
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hanne
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gredal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wirenfeldt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Bjarne Winther
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Bettina Hjelm
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Clausen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anders Elm
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Finsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark. mbe@sund.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berendt
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark.|Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.|BRIDGE, Brain Research - Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kate Lykke
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lambertsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Animal model; Astrocyte; Canine; Cerebral infarction; Cerebrovascular accident; Infarct; Microglia; Middle cerebral artery occlusion