title: SOURCE 3 Registry: Design and 30-Day Results of the European Postapproval Registry of the Latest Generation of the SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The SOURCE 3 Registry (SAPIEN Aortic Bioprosthesis European Outcome) is a European multicenter, observational registry of the latest generation of transcatheter heart valve, the SAPIEN 3 (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA). Its purpose is to document outcomes of clinical safety and performance after European approval was given.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we present the 30-day outcome of the SOURCE 3 Registry. All data are self-reported, and all participating centers have committed to support their consecutive experience with the SAPIEN 3 transcatheter heart valve, dependent on patient consent, before the start of the study. Adverse events are defined with Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 criteria and adjudicated by an independent clinical events committee.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1950 patients from 80 centers in 10 countries were enrolled between July 2014 and October 2015. Of those, 1947 patients underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with the SAPIEN 3 (mean age, 81.6±6.6 years; 48.1% female). Main comorbidities included coronary artery disease (51.5%), renal insufficiency (27.4%), diabetes mellitus (29.5%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (16.0%), and a mean logistic EuroSCORE of 18.3±13.2. Transfemoral access was used in 87.1% (n=1695); nontransfemoral, in 252 patients. Conscious sedation was used in 59.9% of transfemoral procedures, and in 50% of patients, TAVI was performed without aortic balloon valvuloplasty. Implantation success (1 valve in the intended location) was 98.3%. Conversion to conventional surgery (0.6%) and use of cardiopulmonary bypass (0.7%) were rare. Adverse events were low, with site-reported 30-day all-cause mortality of 2.2%, cardiovascular mortality of 1.1%, stroke of 1.4%, major vascular complications of 4.1%, life-threatening bleeding of 5%, and post-TAVI pacemaker implantation of 12%. Moderate or greater paravalvular regurgitation was observed in 3.1% of reporting patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from the SOURCE 3 Registry demonstrate contemporary European trends and good outcomes of TAVI in daily practice when this third-generation TAVI device is used.
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.). olaf.wendler@nhs.net.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wendler
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schymik
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Treede
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dumonteil
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ihlberg
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: Franz-Josef
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tarantini
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zamarano
authors.affiliation: From King's Health Partners, London, UK (O.W.); Municipal Hospital, Karlsruhe, Germany (G.S.); University Heart Centre, Hamburg, Germany (H.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (H.B.); Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France (N.D.); University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (L.I.); University Heart Centre, Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); University Padua, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Italy (G.T.); University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (J.L.Z.); and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France (A.V.).
authors.forename: Alec
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vahanian
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002423:Cause of Death; D015897:Comorbidity; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D013997:Time Factors; D065467:Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
keywords: aortic valve; aortic valve stenosis; bioprosthesis; cardiac surgical procedures; heart valves