title: Test of Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3) with the Use of Visual Supports for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Validity and Reliability.
abstract: The validity and reliability of the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3) were measured, taking into consideration the preference for visual learning of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The TGMD-3 was administered to 14 children with ASD (4-10 years) and 21 age-matched typically developing children under two conditions: TGMD-3 traditional protocol, and TGMD-3 visual support protocol. Excellent levels of internal consistency, test-retest, interrater and intrarater reliability were achieved for the TGMD-3 visual support protocol. TGMD-3 raw scores of children with ASD were significantly lower than typically developing peers, however, significantly improved using the TGMD-3 visual support protocol. This demonstrates that the TGMD-3 visual support protocol is a valid and reliable assessment of gross motor performance for children with ASD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N IV, bus 1510, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N IV, bus 1510, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bredero
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N IV, bus 1510, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Van Damme
authors.affiliation: School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 1402 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N IV, bus 1510, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. johan.simons@kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simons
mesh_terms: D001296:Audiovisual Aids; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Gross motor performance; Reliability; Test of Gross Motor Development-3; Validity; Visual supports