title: [Gene Expression and Clinical Characteristics of Molecular Targeted Therapy  in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in Shandong].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Molecular targeted therapy has gradually become an important treatment for lung cancer, the aim of this research is to analyze the clinicopathologic features associated with the gene mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK), ROS proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and determine the most likely populations to benefit from molecular target therapy treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mutation status of EGFR, EML4-ALK fusion gene, ROS1 and KARS gene were determined by Real-time PCR, the relationship between clinical pathologic features and concomitant gene were analyzed with χ2 test by SPSS software 19.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 514 specimens from Shandong tumor hospital were collected from NSCLC patients between January 2014 and May 2016. The total mutation rate of EGFR gene was 36.70%, major occurred in exon 19 (36.61%) and exon 21 (51.36%), respectively, and EGFR mutations usually occurred in female, non-smoking and adenocarcinoma patients (P<0.05). The total rearrangements rate of EML4-ALK fusion gene was 9.37%, EML4-ALK fusion gene usually occurred in younger age (≤60 yr) and non-smoking patients (P<0.05). Mutations were not related to gender and pathological type (P>0.05). ROS1 fusion gene was detected in 136 cases, the positive rate was 3.67%, all patients were 60 years old, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Only 23 samples were tested KARS gene mutations, two of them were positive and the positive rate was 8.70%. They all occurred in non-smoker and adenocarcinoma patients. No mutation was detected to coexist in EGFR, EML4-ALK and KARS gene mutation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EGFR, EML4-ALK, ROS1 and KRAS defines different molecular subset of NSCLC with distinct characteristic, which provides a new option for the clinical treatment of patients with NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250200, China.
authors.forename: Xiuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250200, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250200, China.
authors.forename: Honglu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Tumor Combat Research Institute, Jinan 250117, China.
authors.forename: Dianbin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250200, China;Shandong Tumor Combat Research Institute, Jinan 250117, China.
authors.forename: Qisen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C522504:EML4-ALK fusion protein, human; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C062333:ROS1 protein, human