title: Release and cytotoxicity studies of magnetite/Ag/antibiotic nanoparticles: An interdependent relationship.
abstract: Though the cytotoxic properties of magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) are rather well investigated and known to be dose dependent and rather low, surface functionalization can drastically change their properties. To determine whether the cytotoxicity of magnetite/Ag/antibiotic NPs may be associated, among other things, with iron, silver and antibiotic release, this study investigates the release profiles and cytotoxicity of magnetite/Ag/rifampicin and magnetite/Ag/doxycycline NPs compares it similar profiles from magnetite, magnetite/Ag NPs and antibiotics. It was established that the studied NPs released not only water-soluble substances, such as antibiotics, but also poorly-soluble ones, such as iron and silver. The deposition of silver on the magnetite surface promotes the release of iron by the formation of a galvanic couple. Antibiotic adsorbed on the magnetite/Ag surface plays a dual role in the galvanic corrosion processes: as a corrosion inhibitor for iron oxides and as a corrosion promoter for silver. Magnetite/Ag/rifampicin and magnetite/Ag/doxycycline. NPs were found to have greater cytotoxicity towards the HEK293T cell line than magnetite NPs. These results were attributed to the combined toxic action of the released iron, silver ions and antibiotics. Intensive and simultaneous release of the NP components caused cell stress and suppressed their growth.
authors.affiliation: NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61614 Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: oleiva@amu.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Olena
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ivashchenko
authors.affiliation: NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61614 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Woźniak
authors.affiliation: NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61614 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Emerson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coy
authors.affiliation: NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61614 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peplinska
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gapinski
authors.affiliation: NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61614 Poznan, Poland; Department of Macromolecular Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61614 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jurga
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C000499:ferric oxide; D012834:Silver; D004318:Doxycycline; D012293:Rifampin
keywords: Cytotoxicity; Doxycycline; Magnetite; Release; Rifampicin; Silver