title: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 and tumor growth: Diverse effects and possibilities for therapy.
abstract: Concern regarding safety with respect to the clinical use of human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has become an increasingly controversial topic. The role of BMP-2 in carcinogenesis is of particular concern. Although there have been many studies of this topic, the results have been contradictory and confusing. We conducted a systematic review of articles that are relevant to the relationship or effect of BMP-2 on all types of tumors and a total of 97 articles were included. Studies reported in these articles were classified into three major types: "expression studies", "in vitro studies", and "in vivo studies". An obvious pattern was that those works that hypothesize an inhibitory effect for BMP-2 most often examined only the proliferative properties of the tumor cells. This subset of studies also contained an extraordinary number of contradictory findings which made drawing a reliable general conclusion impossible. In general, we support a pro-tumorigenesis role for BMP-2 based on the data from these in vitro cell studies and in vivo animal studies, however, more clinical studies should be carried out to help make a firm conclusion.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Haijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: profzhaojie@126.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Research Service, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, CA, United States; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, CA, United States; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Elsa J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Brochmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Research Service, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, CA, United States; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, CA, United States; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Samuel S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology*; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 / Q000502:physiology; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525719:Bmp2 protein, mouse; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7
keywords: Bone morphogenetic protein-2; Proliferation study; Tumor