title: Repair of osteochondral defects with in vitro engineered cartilage based on autologous bone marrow stromal cells in a swine model.
abstract: Functional reconstruction of large osteochondral defects is always a major challenge in articular surgery. Some studies have reported the feasibility of repairing articular osteochondral defects using bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and biodegradable scaffolds. However, no significant breakthroughs have been achieved in clinical translation due to the instability of in vivo cartilage regeneration based on direct cell-scaffold construct implantation. To overcome the disadvantages of direct cell-scaffold construct implantation, the current study proposed an in vitro cartilage regeneration strategy, providing relatively mature cartilage-like tissue with superior mechanical properties. Our strategy involved in vitro cartilage engineering, repair of osteochondral defects, and evaluation of in vivo repair efficacy. The results demonstrated that BMSC engineered cartilage in vitro (BEC-vitro) presented a time-depended maturation process. The implantation of BEC-vitro alone could successfully realize tissue-specific repair of osteochondral defects with both cartilage and subchondral bone. Furthermore, the maturity level of BEC-vitro had significant influence on the repaired results. These results indicated that in vitro cartilage regeneration using BMSCs is a promising strategy for functional reconstruction of osteochondral defect, thus promoting the clinical translation of cartilage regeneration techniques incorporating BMSCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Aijuan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xusong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Fangjun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Wu Jing Hospital, Minhang District, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yilin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, P.R. China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Guangdong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D015675:Osteocalcin; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid