title: Clinical value of color doppler ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis of umbilical cord entry abnormity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinical value of prenatal diagnosis of umbilical cord entry abnormity (UCEA) by means of color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data of sixty-four cases with confirmed umbilical cord entry abnormity were reviewed and the specific UCEA conditions and the outcomes of perinatal infants were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Detection rates of marginal umbilical cord entry abnormity and velamentous umbilical cord entry abnormity by means of CDUS at second trimester were 94.1% and 93.8% respecdtively much higher than 80.0% and 68.8% which were those of third trimester. Discrepancy had statistical significance (P<0.05). True positive rate of prenatal diagnosis of UCEA by means of CDUS was 85.9% (55/64), and false negative rate was 14.1% (9/64). Among sixty four patients with UCEA, seventeen patients (26.6%) underwent selective caesarean delivery; twenty-six patients (35.9%) underwent emergency caesarean delivery and twenty-four patients (37.5%) had normal delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prenatal diagnosis of UCEA by means of CDUS is intuitive and accurate. It provides an evidence for determination of the best time to diagnose UCEA, and also offers a proper advice for pregnant women about delivery mode to ensure the fetus survival rate, which is clinically valuable.
authors.affiliation: Jiandong Sun, Department of Special Inspection, Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong, 256600, China.
authors.forename: Jiandong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Li Wang, Department of Special Inspection, Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong, 256600, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Yinghui Li, Department of Health Examination, Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong, 256600, China.
authors.forename: Yinghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Second trimester; Ultrasonic diagnosis; Umbilical cord entry abnormity