title: In vivovisualization andex vivoquantification of experimental myocardial infarction by indocyanine green fluorescence imaging.
abstract: The fluorophore indocyanine green accumulates in areas of ischemia-reperfusion injury due to an increase in vascular permeability and extravasation of the dye. The aim of the study was to validate an indocyanine green-based technique of in vivo visualization of myocardial infarction. A further aim was to quantify infarct size ex vivo and compare this technique with the standard triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Wistar rats were subjected to regional myocardial ischemia (30 minutes) followed by reperfusion (n = 7). Indocyanine green (0.25 mg/mL in 1 mL of normal saline) was infused intravenously for 10 minutes starting from the 25th minute of ischemia. Video registration in the near-infrared fluorescence was performed. Epicardial fluorescence of indocyanine green corresponded to the injured area after 30 minutes of reperfusion. Infarct size was similar when determined ex vivo using traditional triphenyltetrazolium chloride assay and indocyanine green fluorescent labeling. Intravital visualization of irreversible injury can be done directly by fluorescence on the surface of the heart. This technique may also be an alternative for ex vivo measurements of infarct size.
authors.affiliation: Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia; ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sonin
authors.affiliation: Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia; ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Garry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papayan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Evgeniia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pochkaeva
authors.affiliation: Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chefu
authors.affiliation: Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia; ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Sarkis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minasian
authors.affiliation: Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kurapeev
authors.affiliation: ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 1171, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Jarle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaage
authors.affiliation: Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia; ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Nickolay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petrishchev
authors.affiliation: Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia; ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galagudza
keywords: (110.3080) Infrared imaging; (170.3880) Medical and biological imaging; (300.2530) Fluorescence, laser-induced