title: Improved adaptive reconstruction of multichannel MR images.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve adaptive reconstruction of multichannel MR images by simultaneously removing nonsmooth phase and signal-loss imaging artifacts.
  
  
  METHODS
  The improved adaptive reconstruction consists of three steps: (1) modified multichannel images are first derived by dividing raw multichannel images by a reference image (i.e., a normalized single-channel image); (2) the modified multichannel images are smoothed by a low-pass filter; (3) adaptive spatial matched filters determined from the smoothed multichannel images are utilized to obtain multichannel combined images. Numerical simulations, as well as MRI experiments, on phantoms and human subjects are performed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of this improved adaptive reconstruction approach against traditional coil combination methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both simulation and MRI experimental results demonstrated that the proposed improved adaptive reconstruction method is able to obtain combined images with reduced nonsmooth phase and signal-loss imaging artifacts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A novel multichannel image reconstruction method is developed that produces high quality multichannel combined images.
authors.affiliation: Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Xuna
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Weinan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing MRI Center for Brain Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zihao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Huanjie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012984:Software
keywords: Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers; Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications; Flow visualization; Image data processing or generation, in general; Image reconstruction; Involving electronic [emr] or nuclear [nmr] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging; Low pass filters; MRI; Magnetic resonance imaging; Medical image artifacts; Medical image noise; Medical image reconstruction; Reconstruction; Spatial filtering; Speed of sound; adaptive reconstruction; biomedical MRI; image reconstruction; low-pass filters; matched filters; medical image processing; nonsmooth; signal-loss