title: Predictive value of non-fasting remnant cholesterol for short-term outcome of diabetics with new-onset stable coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relationship between non-fasting remnant cholesterol and cardiovascular outcome in the era of potent statin therapy remained to be elucidated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort study of three hundred and twenty eight diabetics diagnosed with new-onset stable coronary artery disease (CAD) by coronary angiography were enrolled. All cases were followed up for an average duration of twelve months. The association between baseline remnant cholesterol levels and major cardiovascular outcomes were evaluated using the receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a period of 12-month's follow-up, 14.3% patients (47/328) underwent pre-specified adverse outcomes. The remnant cholesterol associated with high sensitivity C-reactive protein, neutrophil count and fibrinogen (R2= 0.20, 0.12 and 0.14; P = 0.000, 0.036 and 0.010 respectively). Area under the ROC curves (AUC) indicated discriminatory power of the remnant cholesterol to predict the adverse outcomes for this population (AUC = 0.64, P < 0.005). Kaplan-Meier curve suggested that the lower levels of remnant cholesterol showed relatively lower cardiac events for diabetic patients with stable CAD (Log rank X2= 8.94, P = 0.04). However, according to multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, apart from hemoglobin A1C (Hazard ratio [H.R.] =1.38, 95% CI: 1.14-1.66, P = 0.001) and Gensini scores (H.R. = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02; P = 0.035), remnant cholesterol did not qualify as an independent predictor of adverse prognosis in these settings (H.R. = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.46-2.37, P = 0.909).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-fasting remnant cholesterol was associated with inflammatory biomarkers and high incidence of revascularization, but not qualified as an independent predictor for short-term prognosis of diabetics with new-onset stable coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan & Cardiovascular Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430050, China. lifenghong@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Li-Feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan & Cardiovascular Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430050, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ni
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan & Cardiovascular Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430050, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan & Cardiovascular Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430050, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan & Cardiovascular Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430050, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan & Cardiovascular Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430050, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan & Cardiovascular Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430050, China.
authors.forename: Song-Hui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012372:ROC Curve; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D013988:Ticlopidine; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: Coronary artery disease; Diabetic mellitus; Low density lipoprotein cholesterol; Outcome; Remnant cholesterol