title: Mitochondrial energetics and calcium coupling in the heart.
abstract: Contraction and relaxation of the heart consume large amounts of energy that need to be replenished by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, and matching energy supply to demand involves the complimentary control of respiration through ADP and Ca2+. In heart failure, an imbalance between ADP and Ca2+leads to oxidation of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides, where NADH oxidation may limit ATP production and contractile function, while NADPH oxidation can induce oxidative stress with consecutive maladaptive remodelling. Understanding the complex mechanisms that disturb this finely tuned equilibrium may aid the development of drugs that could ameliorate the progression of heart failure beyond the classical neuroendocrine inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohlhaas
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander G
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2562-0439
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Nickel
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2742-5426
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maack
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation
chemical_list: D009249:NADP; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D002118:Calcium
keywords: calcium mitochondria; heart failure; mitochondria; reactive oxygen species; redox