title: Life-cycle, ultrastructure, and phylogeny of Parvilucifera corolla sp. nov. (Alveolata, Perkinsozoa), a parasitoid of dinoflagellates.
abstract: Recent studies of marine protists have revealed parasites to be key components of marine communities. Here we describe a new species of the parasitoid genus Parvilucifera that was observed infecting the dinoflagellate Durinskia baltica in salt marshes of the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean). In parallel, the same species was detected after the incubation of seawater from the Canary Islands (Lanzarote, NE Atlantic). The successful isolation of strains from both localities allowed description of the life cycle, ultrastructure, and phylogeny of the species. Its infection mechanism consists of a free-living zoospore that penetrates a dinoflagellate cell. The resulting trophont gradually degrades the dinoflagellate cytoplasm while growing in size. Once the host is consumed, schizogony of the parasitoid yields a sporocyte. After cytokinesis is complete, the newly formed zoospores are released into the environment and are ready to infect new host cells. A distinguishing feature of the species is the radial arrangement of its zoospores around the central area of the sporocyte during their formation. The species shows a close morphological similarity with other species of the genus, including P. infectans, P. sinerae, and P. rostrata.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address: albertrene@icm.csic.es.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reñé
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alacid
authors.affiliation: Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, IEO (Instituto Español de Oceanografía), Subida a Radio Faro 50, Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa Isabel
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.affiliation: Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, IEO (Instituto Español de Oceanografía), Subida a Radio Faro 50, Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garcés
mesh_terms: D056893:Alveolata / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000469:parasitology*; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010802:Phylogeny; D012623:Seawater / Q000469:parasitology; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal
keywords: Apical complex; HAB; Parasite; Parvilucifera; Phylogeny; Ultrastructure