title: Cardiac Pacemakers: Function, Troubleshooting, and Management: Part 1 of a 2-Part Series.
abstract: Advances in cardiac surgery toward the mid-20th century created a need for an artificial means of stimulating the heart muscle. Initially developed as large external devices, technological advances resulted in miniaturization of electronic circuitry and eventually the development of totally implantable devices. These advances continue to date, with the recent introduction of leadless pacemakers. In this first part of a 2-part review, we describe indications, implant-related complications, basic function/programming, common pacemaker-related issues, and remote monitoring, which are relevant to the practicing cardiologist. We provide an overview of magnetic resonance imaging and perioperative management among patients with cardiac pacemakers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Siva K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mulpuru
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Malini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madhavan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Yong-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address: pfriedman@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000628:therapy; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000628:therapy; D058409:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices / Q000145:classification; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000145:classification; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012984:Software
keywords: atrial fibrillation; bradycardia; cardiac pacing; heart conduction system; magnetic resonance imaging; tachycardia