title: Effects of caffeine on fractional flow reserve values measured using intravenous adenosine triphosphate.
abstract: We investigated the effects of caffeine intake on fractional flow reserve (FFR) values measured using intravenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) before cardiac catheterization. Caffeine is a competitive antagonist for adenosine receptors; however, it is unclear whether this antagonism affects FFR values. Patients were evenly randomized into 2 groups preceding the FFR study. In the caffeine group (n = 15), participants were given coffee containing 222 mg of caffeine 2 h before the catheterization. In the non-caffeine group (n = 15), participants were instructed not to take any caffeine-containing drinks or foods for at least 12 h before the catheterization. FFR was performed in patients with more than intermediate coronary stenosis using the intravenous infusion of ATP at 140 μg/kg/min (normal dose) and 170 μg/kg/min (high dose), and the intracoronary infusion of papaverine. FFR was followed for 30 s after maximal hyperemia. In the non-caffeine group, the FFR values measured with ATP infusion were not significantly different from those measured with papaverine infusion. However, in the caffeine group, the FFR values were significantly higher after ATP infusion than after papaverine infusion (P = 0.002 and P = 0.007, at normal and high dose ATP vs. papaverine, respectively). FFR values with ATP infusion were significantly increased 30 s after maximal hyperemia (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001 for normal and high dose ATP, respectively). The stability of the FFR values using papaverine showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. Caffeine intake before the FFR study affected FFR values and their stability. These effects could not be reversed by an increased ATP dose.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toda Central General Hospital, 1-19-3 Hon-cho, Toda, Saitama, 335-0023, Japan. masafumi331@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Taishiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chikamori
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toda Central General Hospital, 1-19-3 Hon-cho, Toda, Saitama, 335-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toda Central General Hospital, 1-19-3 Hon-cho, Toda, Saitama, 335-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Yo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toda Central General Hospital, 1-19-3 Hon-cho, Toda, Saitama, 335-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hijikata
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toda Central General Hospital, 1-19-3 Hon-cho, Toda, Saitama, 335-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toda Central General Hospital, 1-19-3 Hon-cho, Toda, Saitama, 335-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuhara
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toda Central General Hospital, 1-19-3 Hon-cho, Toda, Saitama, 335-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toda Central General Hospital, 1-19-3 Hon-cho, Toda, Saitama, 335-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobori
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamashina
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D003069:Coffee; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D053805:Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010208:Papaverine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D002110:Caffeine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010208:Papaverine
keywords: Adenosine triphosphate; Caffeine; Coronary artery disease; Coronary circulation; Fractional flow reserve