title: Diaphorina citriInduces Huanglongbing-Infected Citrus Plant Volatiles to Repel and Reduce the Performance ofPropylaea japonica.
abstract: Transmission of plant pathogens through insect vectors is a complex biological process involving interactions between the host plants, insects, and pathogens. Simultaneous impact of the insect damage and pathogenic bacteria in infected host plants induce volatiles that modify not only the behavior of its insect vector but also of their natural enemies, such as parasitoid wasps. Therefore, it is essential to understand how insects such as the predator ladybird beetle responds to volatiles emitted from a host plant and how the disease transmission alters the interactions between predators, vector, pathogens, and plants. In this study, we investigated the response ofPropylaea japonicato volatiles from citrus plants damaged byDiaphorina citriandCandidatus Liberibacter asiaticusthrough olfactometer bioassays. Synthetic chemical blends were also used to determine the active compounds in the plant volatile. The results showed that volatiles emitted by healthy plants attracted moreP. japonicathan other treatments, due to the presence of high quantities of D-limonene and beta-ocimene, and the lack of methyl salicylate. When using synthetic chemicals in the olfactory tests, we found that D-limonene attractedP. japonicawhile methyl salicylate repelled the predator. However, beta-ocimene attracted the insects at lower concentrations but repelled them at higher concentrations. These results indicate thatP. japonicacould not efficiently search for its host by using volatile cues emitted from psyllids- and Las bacteria-infected citrus plants.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of EducationFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of AgricultureChina, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yongwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of AgricultureChina, Fuzhou, China; Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of AgricultureChina, Fuzhou, China; Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Komivi S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Akutse
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of EducationFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of AgricultureChina, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Mubasher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of EducationFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of AgricultureChina, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Liande
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: D-limonene; huanglongbing disease; insect vector; ladybird beetle; methyl salicylate; volatiles