title: Polymerases of paramyxoviruses and pneumoviruses.
abstract: The paramyxo- and pneumoviruses are members of the order Mononegavirales, a group of viruses with non-segmented, negative strand RNA genomes. The polymerases of these viruses are multi-functional complexes, capable of transcribing subgenomic capped and polyadenylated mRNAs and replicating the genome. Although there is no native structure available for any complete paramyxo- or pneumovirus polymerase, functional and structural studies of a fragment of a pneumovirus polymerase protein and mutation analyses and resistance profiling of small-molecule inhibitors have generated a wealth of mechanistic information. This review integrates these data with the structure of a related polymerase, identifying similarities, differences, gaps in knowledge, and avenues for antiviral drug development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, United States. Electronic address: rfearns@bu.edu.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fearns
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States.
authors.forename: Richard K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Plemper
mesh_terms: D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010252:Paramyxoviridae / Q000201:enzymology*; D018111:Pneumovirus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase
keywords: Capping; Inhibitor; Mononegavirales; Paramyxovirus; Pneumovirus; Polymerase