title: Fertilisers production from ashes after sewage sludge combustion - A strategy towards sustainable development.
abstract: Sustainable development and circular economy rules force the global fertilizer industry to develop new phosphorous recovery methods from alternative sources. In this paper a phosphorus recovery technology from Polish industrial Sewage Sludge Ashes was investigated (PolFerAsh - Polish Fertilizers form Ash). A wet method with the use of mineral acid and neutralization was proposed. Detailed characteristic of SSA from largest mono-combustion plans were given and compared to raw materials used on the market. The technological factors associated with such materials were discussed. The composition of the extracts was compared to typical industrial phosphoric acid and standard values characterizing suspension fertilizers. The most favorable conditions for selective precipitation of phosphorus compounds were revealed. The fertilizers obtained also meet EU regulations in the case of the newly discussed Cd content. The process was scaled up and a flow mass diagram was defined.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Ul. Warszawska 24, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: gorazda@chemia.pk.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gorazda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Ul. Warszawska 24, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: btarko@indy.chemia.pk.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tarko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Ul. Warszawska 24, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: wzor@chemia.pk.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wzorek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Ul. Warszawska 24, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: halyna.kominko@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Halyna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kominko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Ul. Warszawska 24, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: akn@indy.chemia.pk.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Anna K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Cracow University of Science and Technology, Ul. Gramatyka 10, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: kulczycka@meeri.pl.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulczycka
authors.affiliation: The Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Wybickiego 7, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: a.henclik@meeri.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henclik
authors.affiliation: The Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Wybickiego 7, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smol
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D005308:Fertilizers; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D011044:Poland; D059027:Recycling / Q000379:methods*; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D010710:Phosphates; D012722:Sewage
keywords: Alternative raw materials; Circular economy; Phosphorus recovery as fertilizers; Sewage sludge ash; Sustainable development