title: Exosome-derived microRNAs in cancer metabolism: possible implications in cancer diagnostics and therapy.
abstract: Malignant progression is greatly affected by dynamic cross-talk between stromal and cancer cells. Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles that have key roles in cell-cell communication by transferring nucleic acids and proteins to target cells and tissues. Recently, MicroRNAs (miRs) and their delivery in exosomes have been implicated in physiological and pathological processes. Tumor-delivered miRs, interacting with stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, modulate tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis and immune escape. Altered cell metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer. A number of different types of tumor rely on mitochondrial metabolism by triggering adaptive mechanisms to optimize their oxidative phosphorylation in relation to their substrate supply and energy demands. Exogenous exosomes can induce metabolic reprogramming by restoring the respiration of cancer cells and supress tumor growth. The exosomal miRs involved in the modulation of cancer metabolism may be potentially utilized for better diagnostics and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomasetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea.
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Lory
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santarelli
authors.affiliation: Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Cancer Research Group, School of Medical Science and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.|Molecular Therapy Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neuzil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002450:Cell Communication; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D055354:Exosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D015398:Signal Transduction; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs