title: Interrelations among the adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin, oxidative stress and aseptic inflammation markers in pre- and early-pubertal normal-weight and obese boys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Presumed interrelationships among deleterious aspects of adipose tissue metabolism, inflammation, and cellular oxidative stress could be influenced by pubertal hormonal changes. They were investigated in pre- and early pubertal normal-weight and obese boys before and after an exercise bout employed as an energy demanding stimulator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study. Seventy-six healthy pre- (mean ± SD, 10.6 ± 0.2 years old, 28 normal-weight, and 11 obese) and early-(11.4 ± 0.2 years old, 25 normal-weight, and 12 obese) pubertal boys, were blood-sampled before and after a bout of exercise at 70% VO2max. Leptin, adiponectin, markers of inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, high sensitivity IL-6), pro- (thiobarbitouric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyls) and anti- (glutathione, oxidized glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity) oxidation were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline and post-exercise adiponectin was greater and leptin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were lower in normal-weight than in obese pre- and early pubertal boys, while high sensitivity IL-6 was greater in obese than in normal-weight pre-pubertal boys. In pre-pubertal obese boys: at baseline, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein correlated negatively with catalase; high sensitivity IL-6 correlated positively with protein carbonyls; Δ (difference during exercise) adiponectin correlated positively with Δcatalase. In all boys: at baseline, high sensitivity IL-6 correlated positively with leptin and was the best negative and the second best positive predictor for post-exercise glutathione/oxidized glutathione and protein carbonyls, respectively; leptin was the best negative predictor for post-exercise glutathione; waist to height ratio was the best positive predictor for post-exercise thiobarbitouric acid reactive substances; body mass index z-score and adiponectin were, respectively, the best positive predictor for post-exercise protein carbonyls and catalase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In all subjects, leptin and adiponectin predict negatively and positively anti-oxidation, respectively, while high sensitivity IL-6 predicts positively and negatively pro- and anti-oxidation, respectively. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is increased and negatively associated with anti-oxidation in pre-pubertal obese boys, suggesting that childhood obesity is associated with aseptic inflammation and oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, "Aretaieion" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece.|First Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paltoglou
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schoina
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, "Aretaieion" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valsamakis
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Aretaieion" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Nicolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salakos
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avloniti
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chatzinikolaou
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Margeli
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Chrysanthi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skevaki
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Third Department of Pediatrics, "Hippokrateion" General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papagianni
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kanaka-Gantenbein
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papassotiriou
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chrousos
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Fatouros
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, "Aretaieion" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece. mastorakg@ath.forthnet.gr.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mastorakos
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D011627:Puberty / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Adipokines/Adipocytokines; Aerobic exercise; Children; Inflammation; Obese; Oxidative stress; Puberty