title: Combination of Interleukin 1 Polymorphism and Helicobacter pylori Infection: an Increased Risk of Gastric Cancer in Pakistani Population.
abstract: Helicobacter pylori is one of the major risk factors involved in the development ofgastritis and gastric cancer (GC). H. pylori infection leads to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by the host. Carriage of specific polymorphisms in cytokine genes may be associated with host susceptibility to the development of GC. We investigated the role of host genetic factors including polymorphisms of IL-1B and IL-1RN in correlation with gastritis and GC in H. pylori infected Pakistani population. A total of 230 gastritis cases and 100 GC cases were genotyped for IL 1B-511 and IL-1RN penta-allelic variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs). A combination of IL-1B-511*T and IL-1RN*2 alleles (OR 19.064; 95% CI 2.319-156.7; p = 0.001) in H. pylori infected individuals had markedly increased risk of GC development. In Pakistani population, an increased risk of GC development is associated with the carriage of IL-1B-511*T and IL-1RN*2 alleles. Synergistic effect of H. pylori infection and IL-1B-511*T/IL-1RN*2 genotypes was also observed in association with significantly higher risk of developing GC. Further prospective and large scale studies are needed to establish the clinical impact of these findings.
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Deewan Farooq Medical Complex, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan. yaaasirz@hotmail.com.|Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan. yaaasirz@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yasir
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.affiliation: Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Dow University of Health and Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Asif Iqbal
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Dow University of Health and Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shakeel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akhter
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mubarak
authors.affiliation: Dr. Panjwani Center For Molecular Medicine And Drug Research, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ayaz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shahana Urooj
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Kazmi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: C508585:IL1B protein, human; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: Cytokines; Gastric cancer; Gastritis; Helicobacter pylori; Polymorphism