title: The first imported case of Rift Valley fever in China reveals a genetic reassortment of different viral lineages.
abstract: We report the first imported case of Rift Valley fever (RVF) in China. The patient returned from Angola, a non-epidemic country, with an infection of a new reassortant from different lineages of Rift Valley fever viruses (RVFVs). The patient developed multiorgan dysfunction and gradually recovered with continuous renal replacement therapy and a short regimen of methylprednisolone treatment. The disordered cytokines and chemokines in the plasma of the patient revealed hypercytokinemia, but the levels of protective cytokines were low upon admission and fluctuated as the disease improved. Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the imported strain was a reassortant comprising the L and M genes from lineage E and the S gene from lineage A. This case highlights that RVFV had undergone genetic reassortment, which could potentially alter its biological properties, cause large outbreaks and pose a serious threat to global public health as well as the livestock breeding industry.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
authors.forename: Jingyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Yulan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical College, Taian 271000, China.
authors.forename: Weifeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Shuguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Shujuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Qingchao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Xiangfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Yanning
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Xitai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Chuansong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Qianli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Yingze
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical College, Taian 271000, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
authors.forename: Wenhao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
authors.forename: Zhihai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
authors.forename: Haofeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Chengyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Xinghuo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
authors.forename: Fujie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Mifang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Guizhen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.|National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: George F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
authors.forename: Ang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Quanyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000810:Angola; D000818:Animals; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood; D002681:China; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005814:Genes, Viral; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D058751:Livestock / Q000821:virology; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016865:Reassortant Viruses; D012295:Rift Valley Fever / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D012296:Rift Valley fever virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014195:Travel; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D008775:Methylprednisolone