title: Properties of Engineered and Fabricated Silks.
abstract: Silk is a protein-based material which is predominantly produced by insects and spiders. Hundreds of millions of years of evolution have enabled these animals to utilize different, highly adapted silk types in a broad variety of applications. Silk occurs in several morphologies, such as sticky glue or in the shape of fibers and can, depending on the application by the respective animal, dissipate a high mechanical energy, resist heat and radiation, maintain functionality when submerged in water and withstand microbial settling. Hence, it's unsurprising that silk piqued human interest a long time ago, which catalyzed the domestication of silkworms for the production of silk to be used in textiles. Recently, scientific progress has enabled the development of analytic tools to gain profound insights into the characteristics of silk proteins. Based on these investigations, the biotechnological production of artificial and engineered silk has been accomplished, which allows the production of a sufficient amount of silk materials for several industrial applications. This chapter provides a review on the biotechnological production of various silk proteins from different species, as well as on the processing techniques to fabricate application-oriented material morphologies.
authors.affiliation: Research Group Biopolymer Processing, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Herold
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany. thomas.scheibel@bm.uni-bayreuth.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Scheibel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015202:Protein Engineering / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D047011:Silk / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D047011:Silk
keywords: Artificial silk; Engineered silk; Recombinant silk; Silk fibers; Silk processing