title: Oil encapsulation in core-shell alginate capsules by inverse gelation. I: dripping methodology.
abstract: The production of capsules by inverse gelation consists of adding dropwise oil containing calcium dispersion into an alginate bath. A dripping technique to produce capsules from oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions was proposed by Abang. However, little is known about the oil encapsulation using water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. This work aims to develop a new method of W/O emulsions encapsulation by inverse gelation. The success of the W/O emulsion encapsulation is due to three factors: 1) use of an emulsion with moderate stability (50 min); 2) production of an emulsion with at least 90 g/L of CaCl2and 3) addition of ethanol (20% v/v) into the alginate bath. Both wet and dry capsules were obtained with a spherical shape with diameters of 7 and 3.6 mm, respectively. All volume of oil was encapsulated and the oil loading in the wet and dry capsules was of 23 and 68% v/v, respectively.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Process Engineering for Environment and Food Laboratory , ONIRIS , Nantes , France.
authors.forename: Evandro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biopolymeres Interactions Assemblages , INRA UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages , Nantes , France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Renard
authors.affiliation: c Department of Food Engineering , Iowa State University , IA , USA.
authors.forename: Zenia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Adiwijaya
authors.affiliation: a Department of Process Engineering for Environment and Food Laboratory , ONIRIS , Nantes , France.
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karaoglan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Process Engineering for Environment and Food Laboratory , ONIRIS , Nantes , France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poncelet
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002214:Capsules / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry*; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D002214:Capsules; D004655:Emulsions; D005782:Gels; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D009821:Oils; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; D020723:Glucuronic Acid
keywords: Alginate; encapsulation; inverse gelation; oil; surfactants