title: Phytotoxic Lipophilic Metabolites Produced by Grapevine Strains of Lasiodiplodia Species in Brazil.
abstract: Phytotoxic metabolites produced in liquid culture by six species of Lasiodiplodia isolated in Brazil and causing Botryosphaeria dieback of grapevine were chemically identified. As ascertained by LC/MS, L. brasiliense, L. crassispora, L. jatrophicola, and L. pseudotheobromae produced jasmonic acid, and L. brasiliense synthesized, besides jasmonic acid, also (3R,4S)-4-hydroxymellein. L. euphorbicola and L. hormozganensis produced some low molecular weight lipophilic toxins. Specifically, L. euphorbicola produced (-)-mellein, (3R,4R)-(-)- and (3R,4S)-(-)-4-hydroxymellein, and tyrosol, and L. hormozganensis synthesized tyrosol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. This is the first report on the production of the above cited metabolites from L. euphorbicola and L. hormozganensis. The phytotoxic activity of the metabolites produced is also discussed and related to the symptoms these pathogens cause in the grapevine host plants.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II , Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cimmino
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente, Sez. Patologia vegetale ed entomologia, Università di Firenze , Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cinelli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II , Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II , Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reveglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco , 52171-900 Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcondes Araujo
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente, Sez. Patologia vegetale ed entomologia, Università di Firenze , Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-9764
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mugnai
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco , 52171-900 Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sami J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Michereff
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente, Sez. Patologia vegetale ed entomologia, Università di Firenze , Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Surico
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II , Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9110-1656
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Evidente
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D001938:Brazil; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D049934:Isocoumarins / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010226:Parabens / Q000378:metabolism; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D027843:Vitis / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: C000600633:4-hydroxymellein; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D049934:Isocoumarins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; D054883:Oxylipins; D010226:Parabens; C011867:4-hydroxyphenylethanol; C011006:jasmonic acid; C038193:4-hydroxybenzoic acid; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol; C120538:ochracin
keywords: Botryosphaeria dieback; Lasiodiplodia spp.; Vitis vinifera; grapevine trunk diseases; melleins; p-hydroxybenzoic acid; phytotoxins; tyrosol