title: Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-inducing Effect of exo-Protoporphyrin IX based Sonodynamic Therapy on Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
abstract: Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an innovative modality for cancer treatment. But the biological effect of SDT on oral squamous cell carcinoma has not been studied. Our previous study has shown that endo-Protoporphyrin IX based SDT (ALA-SDT) could induce apoptosis in human tongue squamous carcinoma SAS cells through mitochondrial pathway. Herein, we investigated the effect of exo- Protoporphyrin based SDT (PpIX-SDT) on SAS cells in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that PpIX-SDT increased the ratio of cells in the G2/M phase and induced 3-4 times more cell apoptosis compared to sonocation alone. PpIX-SDT caused cell membrane damage prior to mitochondria damage and upregulated the expression of Fas and Fas L, while the effect was suppressed if cells were pre-treated with p53 inhibitor. Additionally, we examined the SDT-induced cell apoptosis in two cell lines with different p53 status. The increases of p53 expression and apoptosis rate in wild-type p53 SAS cells were found in the SDT group, while p53-mutated HSC-3 cells did not show such increase. Our data suggest that PpIX-SDT suppress the proliferation of SAS cells via arresting cell cycle at G2/M phase and activating the extrinsic Fas-mediated membrane receptor pathway to induce apoptosis, which is regulated by p53.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.|Materials Research Institute and Department of Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
authors.forename: Nian
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
authors.forename: Baoxin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.|Materials Research Institute and Department of Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.|Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
authors.forename: Wenwu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008954:Models, Biological; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013010:Sonication / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011524:Protoporphyrins; C028025:protoporphyrin IX