title: Changes in DNA Methylation in Mouse Lungs after a Single Intra-Tracheal Administration of Nanomaterials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the effects of nanomaterial (NM) exposure on DNA methylation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intra-tracheal administration of NM: gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of 5-, 60- and 250-nm diameter; single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at high dose of 2.5 mg/kg and low dose of 0.25 mg/kg for 48 h to BALB/c mice. Study showed deregulations in immune pathways in NM-induced toxicity in vivo. NM administration had the following DNA methylation effects: AuNP 60 nm induced CpG hypermethylation in Atm, Cdk and Gsr genes and hypomethylation in Gpx; Gsr and Trp53 showed changes in methylation between low- and high-dose AuNP, 60 and 250 nm respectively, and AuNP had size effects on methylation for Trp53.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epigenetics may be implicated in NM-induced disease pathways.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.|Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ali M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tabish
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Katrien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Poels
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Exposure Epidemiology and Risk Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Hyang-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Katrien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Luyts
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Exposure Epidemiology and Risk Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Andrea A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Baccarelli
authors.affiliation: Centrum voor Oppervlaktechemie en Katalyse, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.affiliation: Centrum voor Oppervlaktechemie en Katalyse, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Stef
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kerkhofs
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, KU Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seys
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoet
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.|IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at work, Heverlee, Belgium.
authors.forename: Lode
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Godderis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006046:Gold / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D010316:Particle Size; D014132:Trachea
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D006046:Gold