title: Development of Sr-incorporated biphasic calcium phosphate bone cement.
abstract: To follow the design strategy of traditional biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic, in the present study, strontium-doped biphasic calcium phosphate bone cement (Sr-BCPC) composites comprising Sr-β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP)/Sr-hydroxyapatite (HAP) had been prepared for the first time using Srx-β-TCP/tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) as a cement powder and diluted phosphoric acid as a cement liquid. The phase composition, setting time, compressive strength, washout resistance, in vitro degradation rate, microstructure evolutions, hydration dynamics and cytotoxicity of Sr-BCPC at various Sr contents were intensively investigated. It was found that the final cement product was composed of entangled Sr-HAP nano-needles and cobblestone-like Sr-β-TCP sub-micron particles, and the weight percentages in the final cement product after hydration in simulated body fluid for 24 h were in the ranges of 60 wt%-70 wt% Sr-HAP and 30 wt%-40 wt% Sr-β-TCP, respectively. Sr and the concentration of Sr exhibit significant effects on the phase compositions, compressive strength, setting time, in vitro degradation rate and cytotoxicity of the biphasic bone cement. In particular, the degradation rate increased considerably with the increase of the Sr-β-TCP phase. It is anticipated that the introduction of the 'biphasic' design into calcium phosphate bone cements is an effective strategy to improve their degradation properties.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Dagang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Wenli
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Kewei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D019245:Compressive Strength; D015195:Drug Design; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013324:Strontium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; C074950:hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate; D013324:Strontium