title: Bioaccumulation of lead and non-specific immune responses in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) to Pb exposure.
abstract: In this study, we investigated organ accumulation and nonspecific immune response in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) that were exposed to various concentrations of lead (Pb) solution. The concentrations of Pb in the hepatopancreas, haemolymph, and muscle were measured moreover the total heamocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, O2-and physiological factors such as glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and haemolymph glucose were detected. The results showed that the hepatopancreas was the main organ of accumulation of Pb in white shrimp and the cumulative concentration of each organ was positively correlated with the experimental Pb concentration and immersion time. By observing GOT and GPT, Pb was found to inhibit phenoloxidase and O2-activity and to induce organ injury. Thus, the heavy metal Pb accumulates in the hepatopancreas and haemolymph and affects the crustacean metabolic organ injury (rising of GOT and GPT) further to inhibit nonspecific immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Freshwater Aquaculture Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Changhua, 50562, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Ling
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Chieh
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan. Electronic address: fhnan@mail.ntou.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Fan-Hua
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Nan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity*; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007854:Lead
keywords: Environmental heavy metal; Lead; Nonspecific immune response; Organ accumulation