title: Galectin-1 inhibits oral-intestinal allergy syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The pathogenesis of oral-intestinal allergy syndrome (OIAS) has not been well understood. Published data indicate that galectin (Gal) 1 has immune regulatory functions. This study tests a hypothesis that Gal1 inhibits oral-intestinal allergy syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were sensitized to peanut extracts (PE) via the buccal mucosa with or without using Gal1 together.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Upon re-exposure to specific antigen, the OIAS mice showed the systemic allergic response, the oral allergic reactions, and intestinal allergic inflammation, including increases in serum histamine, drop of the core temperature, higher levels of PE-specific IgE and interleukin (IL)-4. Increases in mast cell and eosinophil in the oral mucosa and intestinal mucosa were also observed. The OIAS was inhibited by co-administration with Gal1 via a mechanism of suppressing micro RNA (miR)-98 and reversing the expression of IL-10 in CD14+ cells in the intestine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The OIAS can be induced by applying specific antigens to the oral mucosa, which can be inhibited by co-administration with Gal1.
authors.affiliation: The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.|Periodontal Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China.
authors.forename: Rui-Di
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Zhi
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: The ENT Hospital of Shenzhen University and Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China.|Brain Body Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Li-Tao
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: The ENT Hospital of Shenzhen University and Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Periodontal Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Ping-Chang
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D006632:Histamine / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D021183:Peanut Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D037483:Galectin 1; C557404:MIRN98 microRNA, mouse; D035683:MicroRNAs; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D006632:Histamine
keywords: galectin-1; micro RNA-98; oral allergy; oral mucosa; peanut