title: Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds in E-Cigarette Aerosols.
abstract: Low levels of thermal degradation products such as carbonyls (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde) have been reported in e-cigarette aerosols. The collection and analysis of e-cigarette aerosol carbonyls are often adapted from methods developed for tobacco cigarette smoke. These methodologies are often not sensitive enough to detect low carbonyl levels in e-cigarette aerosols. One objective of this work was to develop and validate a rapid, selective and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method optimized for analysis of carbonyls in e-cigarette aerosols. Aerosols were trapped in 20-puff collections, 4-s durations, 55-mL volumes, 30-s intervals, square wave puff profiles. Collection apparatus involved a linear smoking machine with Cambridge filter pad followed by a glass impinger containing acidified 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. This method showed limits of quantitation and detection of 0.016 and 0.003 µg puff-1, respectively, and run time of 4 min. Six e-cigarettes were evaluated (five devices each). All contained measurable levels of carbonyls. Levels were mostly well below those in conventional cigarettes. However, for some e-cigarettes, formaldehyde levels were above those for tobacco cigarettes (highest at 14.1 µg puff-1). Temperatures related to carbonyl yields in e-cigarette aerosols were explored to better understand carbonyl formation: formation of formaldehyde is low at temperatures below 350°C.
authors.affiliation: Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA Jason.W.Flora@altria.com.
authors.forename: Jason W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Flora
authors.affiliation: Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
authors.forename: Celeste T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.affiliation: Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.affiliation: Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lipowicz
authors.affiliation: Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Skapars
authors.affiliation: Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; D004867:Equipment Design; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008962:Models, Theoretical
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000447:Aldehydes