title: Stimulation of neurotrophic factors and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines by exogenous application of triiodothyronine in the rat model of ischemic stroke.
abstract: There is a positive relation between decreases of triiodothyronine (T3) amounts and severity of stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous T3 application on levels of neurogenesis markers in the subventricular zone. Cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in male Wistar rats. There were 4 experimental groups: sham, ischemic, vehicle, and treatment. Rats were injected with T3 (25 μg/kg, IV injection) at 24 hours after ischemia. Animals were sacrificed at day 7 after ischemia. There were high levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nestin, and Sox2 expressions in gene and protein levels in the T3 treatment group (P ≤ .05 vs ischemic group). Treatment group showed high levels of sera T3 and thyroxine (T4) but low levels of thyrotropin (TSH), tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 (P ≤ .05 vs ischemic group) at day 4 after ischemia induction. Findings of this study revealed the effectiveness of exogenous T3 application in the improvement of neurogenesis possibly via regulation of proinflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sabbaghziarani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Keywan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mortezaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj Ragerdi
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Kashani
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mansooreh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soleimani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hassanzadeh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroanatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.|Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Giulan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Adib
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zendedel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D064231:Nestin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D064231:Nestin; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; C527784:Sox2 protein, rat; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine
keywords: inflammation; ischemia; neurogenesis; subventricular zone; triiodothyronine