title: Relationship among motor function, ADL disability, and psychological concerns in elderly people with locomotive disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Locomotive disorders are one of the main causative pathologies for the condition requiring assistance on activities of daily living (ADL). Although psychological concerns such as feeling of depression and anxiety are prevalent in elderly people, the causal relation among motor function, ADL disability, and psychological concerns is controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Purpose of this study was to investigate causal relationship among motor function, ADL disability, and psychological concerns in elderly people with locomotive disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data for this study were from a community-dwelling sample of 314 elderly persons with locomotive disorders aged 65 and older who visited orthopedic clinics and/or affiliated institutions. Motor function was assessed by one-leg standing time with eyes open, leg extension power and grip power. We assessed ADL disability using the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25), and psychological concerns by three self-reported questions. We constructed two models and tested fitness of the models to the data using a structural equation modeling (SEM). Model 1: motor function affects ADL disability and ADL disability affects psychological concerns, Model 2: motor function affects psychological concerns and psychological concerns affects ADL disability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fit indices were chi-square = 23.152 (p = 0.081), RMSEA = 0.042, GFI = 0.981, AGFI = 0.955, CFI = 0.987 for Model 1, and chi-square = 84.583 (p < 0.001), RMSEA = 0.119, GFI = 0.935, AGFI = 0.854, CFI = 0.892 for Model 2. These fit indices indicated a good fit of the model 1 and inadequate fit of model 2 to the data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decline of motor function contributed toward psychological concerns via ADL disability in elderly people with locomotive disorders.
authors.affiliation: Gunma University School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi-City, Gunma Prefecture, 371-8514, Japan; Nagano University of Health and Medicine, 11-1 Imaihara Kawanakajima-machi, Nagano-City, Nagano Prefecture, 381-2227, Japan. Electronic address: miyawaki.toshiyuki@shitoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyawaki
authors.affiliation: Nagano University of Health and Medicine, 11-1 Imaihara Kawanakajima-machi, Nagano-City, Nagano Prefecture, 381-2227, Japan.
authors.forename: Keigo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumamoto
authors.affiliation: Gunma University School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi-City, Gunma Prefecture, 371-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.affiliation: Gunma University School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi-City, Gunma Prefecture, 371-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Fusae
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tozato
authors.affiliation: Nagano University of Health and Medicine, 11-1 Imaihara Kawanakajima-machi, Nagano-City, Nagano Prefecture, 381-2227, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwaya
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D057566:Self Report