title: Evolving Cancer Classification in the Era of Personalized Medicine: A Primer for Radiologists.
abstract: Traditionally tumors were classified based on anatomic location but now specific genetic mutations in cancers are leading to treatment of tumors with molecular targeted therapies. This has led to a paradigm shift in the classification and treatment of cancer. Tumors treated with molecular targeted therapies often show morphological changes rather than change in size and are associated with class specific and drug specific toxicities, different from those encountered with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. It is important for the radiologists to be familiar with the new cancer classification and the various treatment strategies employed, in order to effectively communicate and participate in the multi-disciplinary care. In this paper we will focus on lung cancer as a prototype of the new molecular classification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Ailbhe C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Jyothi P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jagannathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Nikhil H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Ramaiya
mesh_terms: D000077548:Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009154:Mutation; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C000626173:ALK protein, human; D000077548:Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
keywords: ALK rearrangement; Adenocarcinoma; EGFR mutation; Lung cancer; NSCLC