title: 5% NaHCO3Is Appropriate for Skin Cleaning With Central Venous Catheters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of skin cleaning with 5% NaHCO3to 75% alcohol on the removal of skin grease and pain of patients with central venous catheters (CVC).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized, controlled, single-blinded and prospective study. From January-September 2015, 143 consecutive patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and who underwent elective cardiovascular surgery with placement of a CVC were selected. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the disinfection preparation procedure: experimental group (n = 60), in which 5% NaHCO3and distilled water solution at 40-45°C were used, and the control group (n = 66), in which 75% alcohol was used. Main outcome measures were verbal rating scale pain score, satisfaction and bacterial count after 2 minutes of iodine disinfection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The verbal rating scale pain scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.001). In the control group, 4.5% of patients and 43% of nurses were satisfied with 75% alcohol cleaning before disinfection procedure, compared to 74% and 78%, respectively, in the experimental group. The bacterial count did not show any difference between these 2 groups after iodine disinfection (P = 0.455).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cleaning of the CVC before disinfection with 5% NaHCO3and distilled water at 40-45°C alleviated pain and improved patient and nurse satisfaction compared with using 75% alcohol.
authors.affiliation: Nursing Department of Cardiothoracic-Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Lei
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Nursing Department of Cardiothoracic-Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Yang-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic-Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address: happysjh167@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia-Hai
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous; D004202:Disinfectants; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012867:Skin; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D000431:Ethanol; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate
keywords: 5%NaHCO(3); Patient satisfaction; Relieve pain