title: Evaluation of Potential Average Daily Doses (ADDs) of PM2.5for Homemakers Conducting Pan-Frying Inside Ordinary Homes under Four Ventilation Conditions.
abstract: Several studies reported that commercial barbecue restaurants likely contribute to the indoor emission of particulate matters with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less (PM2.5) while pan-frying meat. However, there is inadequate knowledge of exposure level to indoor PM2.5in homes and the contribution of a typical indoor pan-frying event. We measured the indoor PM2.5concentration and, using Monte-Carlo simulation, estimated potential average daily dose (ADD) of PM2.5for homemakers pan-frying a piece of pork inside ordinary homes. Convenience-based sampling at 13 homes was conducted over four consecutive days in June 2013 (n= 52). Although we pan-fried 100 g pork for only 9 min, the median (interquartile range, IQR) value was 4.5 (2.2-5.6) mg/m³ for no ventilation and 0.5 (0.1-1.3) mg/m³ with an active stove hood ventilation system over a 2 h sampling interval. The probabilities that the ADDs from inhalation of indoor PM2.5would be higher than the ADD from inhalation of PM2.5on an outdoor roadside (4.6 μg/kg·day) were 99.44%, 97.51%, 93.64%, and 67.23%, depending on the ventilation conditions: (1) no window open; (2) one window open in the kitchen; (3) two windows open, one each in the kitchen and living room; and (4) operating a forced-air stove hood, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea. phantom3586@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Seonyeop
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea. solsol0914@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea. Sungroul.kim@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sungroul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D003296:Cooking; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006794:Household Articles; D006801:Humans; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D000069466:Red Meat; D013552:Swine; D014691:Ventilation
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: PM2.5; average daily doses; indoor; pan-frying; ventilation