title: Towards encoded particles for highly multiplexed colorimetric point of care autoantibody detection.
abstract: Highly multiplexed point of care tests could improve diagnostic accuracy and differential diagnostic capacity in for instance emergency medicine and low resource environments. Available technology platforms for POC biomarker detection are typically simplex or low-plexed, whereas common lab-based microarray systems allow for the simultaneous detection of thousands of DNA or protein biomarkers. In this study, we demonstrate a novel suspension particle array platform that utilizes 900 μm bricks for POC amenable colorimetric biomarker detection with an encoding capacity of over two million. Due to the mm-scale size, both the lithographic codes and colorimetric signals of individual particles can be visualized using a consumer grade office flatbed scanner, with a potential for simultaneous imaging of around 19 000 particles per scan. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was determined to be 4 ng ml-1using an antibody model system. As a proof of concept, autoantibodies toward anoctamin 2 were detected in order to discriminate between multiple sclerosis plasma samples and healthy controls with p < 0.0001 and an inter-assay % CV of 9.44%.
authors.affiliation: Division of Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17165 Stockholm, Sweden. helene.andersson.svahn@scilifelab.se.
authors.forename: Gustav
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4727-6138
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Svedberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Science, Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. skwon@snu.ac.kr and Institutes of Entrepreneurial BioConvergence, Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yunjin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Science, Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. skwon@snu.ac.kr and QuantaMatrix Inc. 105, B1, Center for medical innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hunjong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: QuantaMatrix Inc. 105, B1, Center for medical innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jisung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Affinity Proteomics, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17165 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Science, Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. skwon@snu.ac.kr and Institutes of Entrepreneurial BioConvergence, Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea and QuantaMatrix Inc. 105, B1, Center for medical innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunghoon
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3514-1738
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Division of Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17165 Stockholm, Sweden. helene.andersson.svahn@scilifelab.se.
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gantelius
authors.affiliation: Division of Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17165 Stockholm, Sweden. helene.andersson.svahn@scilifelab.se.
authors.forename: Helene Andersson
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3409-276X
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Svahn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000941:Antigens; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers