title: Ultrasound Findings of Young and Traumatic Amputees With Lower Extremity Residual Limb Pain in Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current study was designed to document clinical and ultrasound (US) findings of patients with residual limb pain (RLP) after amputation and to investigate the relationship between these findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  A chart review was performed to identify demographic and clinical data including the age (current and at the time of injury), time since amputation, gender, reason for amputation, affected limb number, side and level of limb loss, and ultrasonographic findings of young and traumatic amputees with RLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included a total of 147 patients. Inflammation and neuroma were the leading pathologies in 20-29 years and 30-39 years age groups, respectively. Inflammation/edema were detected significantly more in patients with <1 year since amputation (P = 0.001). Neuroma was found at a significantly high rate in patients at 1-5 years (P = 0.029) and infection/abscess was more common in patients at >5 years since amputation (P = 0.051). The percentage of neuromas in below-the-knee amputees was significantly higher than in non-below-the-knee amputees (45.8% vs. 28.6%). Neuroma formation was detected in 50% of the patients with land mine-related amputation and at 27% in patients with amputation secondary to other traumatic reasons. Regression analysis showed below-the-knee-level amputation to be an associated factor for US abnormality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The leading US findings were inflammation/edema, neuroma, and infection/abscess in traumatic amputees with RLP. The US findings might be different in patients according to the time since amputation. Patient with land mine-related amputations may have different US findings.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Turkish Armed Forces Rehabilitation Center, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Koray
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aydemir
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Ümüt
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Güzelküçük
authors.forename: Kutay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tezel
authors.forename: Bilge
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000671:Amputation, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000672:Amputation Stumps / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009463:Neuroma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D010591:Phantom Limb / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014421:Turkey; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult