title: Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide ameliorates anoxia/reoxygenation-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
abstract: Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1), a main polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum, possesses potent antioxidant capacity and cardiovascular benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PSG-1 in oxidative stress and apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury conditions. The results showed that exposure of HUVECs to A/R triggered cell death and apoptosis. Administration of PSG-1 significantly inhibited A/R-induced cell death and apoptosis in HUVECs. PSG-1-reduced A/R injury was mediated via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, as evidenced by elevation of mitochondrial Bcl-2 protein and mitochondrial membrane potential, and attenuation of Bax translocation, cytochrome c release and caspases activation. Furthermore, PSG-1 enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione content, and concomitantly attenuated reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation and glutathione disulfide content. The antioxidant, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, significantly ameliorated all of these endothelial injuries caused by A/R, suggesting that antioxidant activities might play a key role in PSG-1-induced endothelial protection. Taken together, these findings suggested that PSG-1 could be as a promising adjuvant against endothelial dysfunction through ameliorating oxidative stress and apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Song
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Juan
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
authors.forename: Xian-Yi
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, No. 999 XueFu road, Nanchang 330031, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: De-Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; Departments of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. Electronic address: myxie@ncu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming-Yong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032902:Ganoderma / Q000737:chemistry*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D045304:Cytochromes c; D020169:Caspases; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Anoxia/reoxygenation injury; Endothelial cells; Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide