title: Patients with sickle cell disease are frequently excluded from the benefits of transcranial doppler screening for the risk of stroke despite extensive and compelling evidence.
abstract: Transcranial doppler was performed in accordance with the Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia Protocol.
  Of the 396 patients, 69.5% had homozygous SS hemoglobin. The TCD result was abnormal in 4.8%, conditional in 12.6%, inadequate in 4.3% and abnormally low in 1% of patients. The highest mean flow velocities were 121±23.83cm/s and 124±27.21cm/s in the left and right middle cerebral artery respectively. A total of 28.8% patients (mean age 9.19±5.92 years) were evaluated with TCD for the first time.
  The SCD patients were evaluated with TCD at an older age, representing an important missed opportunity for stroke prevention. Since TCD screening in patients with SCD is important to detect those at high risk for stroke, it is recommended that this screening should be made more readily available.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Daniela Laranja Gomes
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.|Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Samuel Ademola
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Adegoke
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rejane de Souza Macedo
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Pediatria, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Josefina Aparecida Pellegrini
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria Stella
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.|Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Programa Integrado de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Gisele Sampaio
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial