title: Human papillomavirus genotypes 68 and 58 are the most prevalent genotypes in women from quilombo communities in the state of Maranhão, Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) types and behavioral characteristics related to cytological abnormalities in women descendants of slaves, who live in isolated communities known as quilombos in the state of Maranhão, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cervicovaginal specimens of 353 women were analyzed by conventional cytology and genotyping. HPV detection and genotyping was performed using a linear array HPV genotyping test kit. Behavioral factors and their association with cytological abnormalities were analyzed, as well as the association between cytological abnormalities and HPV infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of HPV infection was 13%, and infection with high-risk HPV types was more frequent than with low-risk types (10.2% vs. 2.8%). The most prevalent genotypes were HPV 68 (3.1%) and HPV 58 (2.6%). HPV-positive women were 6.5 times more likely than HPV-negative women to be diagnosed with cytological abnormalities. There was a significant association between HPV infection and the presence of cytological abnormalities in women 31-40 years of age and in women 51-60 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A distinct profile of high-risk HPV genotypes was detected, with predominance of types 68 and 58. It is possible that the results of the present study are due to specific characteristics of the population, which is geographically isolated and maintains conservative sexual habits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Avenida dos Portugueses SN, CEP 65025-560, São Luís, MA, Brazil. Electronic address: jbatistaufma@gmail.com.
authors.forename: José Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.affiliation: Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vera Aparecida
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Saddi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Keila Patrícia Almeida de
authors.initials: KPA
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa Alves
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kelly Deyse
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Segati
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Megmar Aparecida Dos S
authors.initials: MADS
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.affiliation: Health Sciences Center, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvio G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Avenida dos Portugueses SN, CEP 65025-560, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria do Desterro S B
authors.initials: MDDSB
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia Helena
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Rabelo-Santos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D015995:Prevalence; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000821:virology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Cervical smear; Epidemiology; HPV types; Infection of the genital tract; Isolated communities