title: Prospective observational study comparing traditional laparoscopy and three-dimensional laparoscopy in gynecologic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare perioperative details among patients who underwent gynecologic surgery between traditional laparoscopy and three-dimensional laparoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present prospective non-randomized study enrolled all consecutive patients diagnosed with gynecologic pathology who underwent laparoscopic surgery at Reina Sofia Hospital, Cordoba, Spain between January 1 and April 30, 2014. Perioperative data, adverse events, and patient satisfaction were compared between patients who underwent treatment with two-dimensional and three-dimensional laparoscopic surgery techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study enrolled 60 consecutive patients; 31 (52%) patients who underwent three-dimensional surgery and 29 (48%) who underwent traditional two-dimensional surgery. No significant differences were observed in the adverse-event rate, operating time, or perioperative parameters. A higher use of sealing devices was recorded among patients who underwent three-dimensional laparoscopy (P=0.021). No difference was recorded in patient satisfaction between the two patient groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there was no impact on surgical outcomes, three-dimensional surgery could give a more accurate view of the surgical field. Performing three-dimensional surgery could be beneficial for more complex procedures although further comparative studies are required to investigate this hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Gynecology Department, Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lara-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Gynecology Department, Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Araceli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer, Charité-University Medicine of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jacek P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Grabowski
authors.affiliation: Gynecology Department, Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Arjona-Berral
authors.affiliation: Gynecologic Oncology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zapardiel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013030:Spain
keywords: Gynecologic surgery; Laparoscopy; Perioperative outcomes; Three-dimensional surgery