title: Intraoperative nerve staining in nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of intraoperative nerve staining by modified leucomethylene blue (MLB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal experiment was performed to assure whether the tissues dyed blue by MLB were nerves with microscopic examination. Ten patients with cervical cancer were performed by nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH) and nerve staining intraoperatively by MLB. The status of staining was recorded. The post-void residual urine volume after removing was measured by ultrasound. The time to post-void residual urine volume of less than 100 ml and the first defecation were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In animal experiment, the tissues dyed blue obviously showed abundant nerve fibers by microscopic examination. The minor nerves were dyed blue clearly in NSRH. The time to post-void residual urine volume of less than 100 ml after removal of the urethral catheter was 10.3 (7-13) days by records. The time to the first defecation was 67.7 (60-82) h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative nerve staining by MLB provided a new method for nerve location in NSRH. It was safe, effective and convenient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shen yang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
authors.forename: Xuyin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shen yang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
authors.forename: Luoqi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shen yang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shen yang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China. djxdd@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jingxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shen yang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China. huakeqinjiaoshou@163.com.
authors.forename: Keqin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010388:Pelvis / Q000294:innervation*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: C011010:hydromethylthionine; D008751:Methylene Blue
keywords: Leucomethylene blue; Nerve staining; Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy