title: Desmosomes and Intermediate Filaments: Their Consequences for Tissue Mechanics.
abstract: Adherens junctions (AJs) and desmosomes connect the actin and keratin filament networks of adjacent cells into a mechanical unit. Whereas AJs function in mechanosensing and in transducing mechanical forces between the plasma membrane and the actomyosin cytoskeleton, desmosomes and intermediate filaments (IFs) provide mechanical stability required to maintain tissue architecture and integrity when the tissues are exposed to mechanical stress. Desmosomes are essential for stable intercellular cohesion, whereas keratins determine cell mechanics but are not involved in generating tension. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of IFs and desmosomes in tissue mechanics and discuss whether the desmosome-keratin scaffold might be actively involved in mechanosensing and in the conversion of chemical signals into mechanical strength.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Pathobiochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Mechthild
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatzfeld
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Pathobiochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology and Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Magin
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D003896:Desmosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007382:Intermediate Filaments / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D000072417:Protein Domains; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D007633:Keratins