title: Trefoil factor-3 is not a useful marker of mucosal healing in Crohn's disease treated with anti-TNF-α antibodies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether repeated serum measurements of trefoil factor-3 (TFF-3) can reliably reflect mucosal healing (MH) in Crohn's disease (CD) patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF-α) antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum TFF-3 was measured before and after anti-TNF-α induction therapy in 30 CD patients. The results were related to clinical, biochemical and endoscopic parameters. MH was defined as a ≥ 50% decrease in Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  SES-CD correlated significantly with CD clinical activity and several standard biochemical parameters (albumin, leukocyte and platelet counts, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogen). In contrast, SES-CD did not correlate with TFF-3 (P= 0.54). Moreover, TFF-3 levels did not change significantly after therapy irrespectively of whether the patients achieved MH or not. Likewise, TFF-3 did not correlate with changes in fecal calprotectin, which has been proposed as another biochemical marker of mucosal damage in CD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum TFF-3 is not a convenient and reliable surrogate marker of MH during therapy with TNF-α antagonists in CD.
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stawczyk-Eder
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Korybalska
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Natasza
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Czepulis
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luczak
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lykowska-Szuber
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krela-Kazmierczak
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Linke
authors.affiliation: Piotr Eder, Kamila Stawczyk-Eder, Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak, Krzysztof Linke, Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Witowski
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D060828:Induction Chemotherapy; D000069285:Infliximab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3 / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; C082495:TFF3 protein, human; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069285:Infliximab; D000068879:Adalimumab
keywords: Adalimumab; Crohn’s disease; Infliximab; Mucosal healing; Trefoil factors