title: Lupinus albus Conglutin Gamma Modifies the Gene Expressions of Enzymes Involved in Glucose Hepatic Production In Vivo.
abstract: Lupinus albus seeds contain conglutin gamma (Cγ) protein, which exerts a hypoglycemic effect and positively modifies proteins involved in glucose homeostasis. Cγ could potentially be used to manage patients with impaired glucose metabolism, but there remains a need to evaluate its effects on hepatic glucose production. The present study aimed to analyze G6pc, Fbp1, and Pck1 gene expressions in two experimental animal models of impaired glucose metabolism. We also evaluated hepatic and renal tissue integrity following Cγ treatment. To generate an insulin resistance model, male Wistar rats were provided 30% sucrose solution ad libitum for 20 weeks. To generate a type 2 diabetes model (STZ), five-day-old rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Each animal model was randomized into three subgroups that received the following oral treatments daily for one week: 0.9% w/v NaCl (vehicle; IR-Ctrl and STZ-Ctrl); metformin 300 mg/kg (IR-Met and STZ-Met); and Cγ 150 mg/kg (IR-Cγ and STZ-Cγ). Biochemical parameters were assessed pre- and post-treatment using colorimetric or enzymatic methods. We also performed histological analysis of hepatic and renal tissue. G6pc, Fbp1, and Pck1 gene expressions were quantified using real-time PCR. No histological changes were observed in any group. Post-treatment G6pc gene expression was decreased in the IR-Cγ and STZ-Cγ groups. Post-treatment Fbp1 and Pck1 gene expressions were reduced in the IR-Cγ group but increased in STZ-Cγ animals. Overall, these findings suggest that Cγ is involved in reducing hepatic glucose production, mainly through G6pc inhibition in impaired glucose metabolism disorders.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia C.P, 44350, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Ana E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: González-Santiago
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia C.P, 44350, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vargas-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, C.U.C.B.A, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Pedro M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: García-López
authors.affiliation: Centro de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Yautepec, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Alma L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Martínez-Ayala
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia C.P, 44350, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Rosales
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia C.P, 44350, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. carmenhpv@yahoo.de.
authors.forename: Carmen M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gurrola-Díaz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D031297:Lupinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C000588995:FBP1 protein, rat; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D013311:Streptozocin; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase; C582554:Pck1 protein, rat; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)
keywords: G6pc gene expression; Gamma conglutin; Hepatic glucose production; Impaired glucose metabolism; Lupinus albus