title: The Nursing Assessment of Medication Acceptance: the reliability and validity of a schizophrenia medication adherence scale.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many patients with schizophrenia have low medication adherence. There is, however, no objective assessment scale that can be used by nurses or caregiver specialists. The Nursing Assessment of Medication Acceptance (NAMA) was developed to assess patients' medication adherence. The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the NAMA in patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 121 Japanese patients with schizophrenia were enrolled. All patients underwent evaluation using the NAMA and the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10). Reliability was investigated using a test-retest method and a parallel-test method. To determine the test-retest reliability of the NAMA, we tested 101 schizophrenia patients twice, with the second assessment 2-4 weeks after the date of the first assessment. For validity verification, standard-related validity and the degree of concordance with the DAI-10 scores were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Cronbach's alpha value of the NAMA in schizophrenia was 0.88. The test-retest correlation coefficients were all between 0.53-0.74. The total scores and all subscores for the NAMA were significantly correlated, and the NAMA total scores were significantly correlated with the DAI-10 total scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NAMA shows good reliability and validity in measuring medication adherence in schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan.
authors.forename: Hikaru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.affiliation: Tsutsumi Hospital, 2-1-1 Nabeta, Okagakitown, Ongagun, Fukuoka 8114224, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Tsutsumi Hospital, 2-1-1 Nabeta, Okagakitown, Ongagun, Fukuoka 8114224, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiozuka
authors.affiliation: Tsutsumi Hospital, 2-1-1 Nabeta, Okagakitown, Ongagun, Fukuoka 8114224, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Igata
authors.affiliation: Yahatakosei Hospital, 3-12-12 Satonaka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan.
authors.forename: Tazuko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyokazu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Atake
authors.affiliation: Minamigaoka Hospital, 3-13-1 Imamachi, Kokurakit-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8030862, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.affiliation: Tsutsumi Hospital, 2-1-1 Nabeta, Okagakitown, Ongagun, Fukuoka 8114224, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirozu
authors.affiliation: Minamigaoka Hospital, 3-13-1 Imamachi, Kokurakit-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8030862, Japan.
authors.forename: Naotoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.affiliation: Hiagari Hospital, 3-3-32 Hiagari, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8030831, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.affiliation: Minamigaoka Hospital, 3-13-1 Imamachi, Kokurakit-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8030862, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
keywords: NAMA; adherence; reliability; schizophrenia; validity