title: Protective effect of N,N'-dimethylthiourea against stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats.
abstract: In the present study, we examined the protective effect of N,N'-dimethylthiourea (DMTU), a scavenger of hydroxyl radical (·OH), against water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. When male Wistar rats fasted for 24 h were exposed to WIRS for 3 h, gastric mucosal lesions occurred with increases in the levels of gastric mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO), an index of tissue neutrophil infiltration, pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1beta), lipid peroxide (LPO), and nitrite/nitrate (NOx), an index of nitric oxide synthesis, and decreases in the levels of gastric mucosal nonprotein SH and vitamin C and gastric adherent mucus. DMTU (1, 2.5, or 5 mmol/kg) administered orally at 0.5 h before the onset of WIRS reduced the severity of gastric mucosal lesions with attenuation of the changes in the levels of gastric mucosal MPO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, LPO, NOx, nonprotein SH, and vitamin C and gastric adherent mucus found at 3 h after the onset of WIRS in a dose-dependent manner. Serum levels of corticosterone and glucose, which are indices of stress responses, increased in rats exposed to WIRS for 3 h, but DMTU pre-administered at any dose had no effect on these increases. These results indicate that DMTU protects against WIRS-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats by exerting its antioxidant action including ·OH scavenging and its anti-inflammatory action without affecting the stress response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yashiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Second Teaching Hospital, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 454-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Second Teaching Hospital, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 454-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inui
authors.affiliation: Dainagoya building Central Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi, 450-6409, Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013890:Thiourea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D020011:Protective Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C038983:1,3-dimethylthiourea; D009195:Peroxidase; D013890:Thiourea; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: N,N’-dimethylthiourea; gastric mucosal lesions; inflammation; oxidative stress; water-immersion restraint stress (rats)