title: The prevalence of feeding problems in children formerly treated in a neonatal intensive care unit.
abstract: To determine the prevalence of oral feeding problems in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates at 1 to 2 years, and to identify clinical risk factors during NICU admission.
  
  
  
  Observational cohort study of 378 children, who received level III/IV NICU care for 4 days or more in 2011 to 2012, chromosomal abnormalities excluded. We detected feeding problems in four gestational age (GA) groups (<28, 28 to 31, 32 to 36 weeks, and term-borns) using the Dutch standardized Screeningslijst Eetgedrag Peuters, and collected clinical factors for logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  
  The prevalence of feeding problems was higher in NICU (20.4%) than in reference (15.0%) population (P=0.024), but similar for all GA groups (P=0.468). Prolonged tube feeding, that is, >30 days (odds ratio (OR) 2.50, confidence interval (CI) 1.13 to 5.56) and being born small for GA (OR 4.79, CI 1.64 to 14.03) were the most prevalent risk factors in children with GA ⩾32 and GA <32 weeks, respectively.
  
  
  
  Feeding problems are more prevalent in NICU graduates, with prolonged tube feeding as most important risk factor.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoogewerf
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ter Horst
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nieuwenhuis
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Bos
authors.affiliation: Heymans Institute of Psychological Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M W G
authors.initials: MWG
authors.lastname: van Dijk
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D007902:Length of Stay; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index