title: [The microRNAs as biomarkers: What prospects?]
abstract: MicroRNAs are nucleic acids of about twenty nucleotides that regulate about a third of the genome at the post-transcriptional level. Thanks to their different forms of transport, microRNAs are stable and can be detected in biological fluids such as blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, or saliva. In addition, the profile of circulating microRNAs is a specific part of the cells in which it is secreted and is modified according to the physiological or pathological conditions of these cells. MicroRNAs therefore appear as biomarkers of interest for many diseases. However, these applications face several challenges because there are currently considerable differences between the sample processing procedures, assay methods, and especially the result standardization strategies. This literature review aims to take stock of the current use of microRNAs as biomarkers mainly in biological fluids and address the perspectives that emerge from the fact that their vesicular circulating forms could be used to assess the state of the cells and the tissues that produce them.
authors.affiliation: Service de biochimie, établissement hospitalier universitaire (EHU) d'Oran, 1(er)-Novembre-1954, BP 4166 Ibn Rochd, Oran, Algérie. Electronic address: z-mustapha2@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: Mustapha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zendjabil
authors.affiliation: Service de biochimie métabolique, hôpitaux universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, 47, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Favard
authors.affiliation: Service de biochimie métabolique, hôpitaux universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, 47, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.affiliation: Service de biochimie, établissement hospitalier universitaire (EHU) d'Oran, 1(er)-Novembre-1954, BP 4166 Ibn Rochd, Oran, Algérie.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Abbou
authors.affiliation: Service de biochimie métabolique, hôpitaux universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, 47, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hainque
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D005819:Genetic Markers; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Biomarkers; Biomarqueurs; Body fluids; Cancers; Liquides biologiques; MicroRNA; MicroRNAs