title: Bioaccumulation of Dechloranes, organophosphate esters, and other flame retardants in Great Lakes fish.
abstract: We measured the concentrations of 60 flame retardants (and related compounds) in fish samples collected in the Great Lakes basin. These analytes include dechlorane-related compounds (Decs), organophosphate esters (OPEs), and brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Composite lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) or walleye (Sander vitreus, from Lake Erie) samples were collected (N=3 for each lake) in 2010 from each of the five Great Lakes (a total of 15 samples). Among the dechlorane-related compounds, Dechlorane, Dechlorane Plus, Dechlorane-602, Dechlorane-603, and Dechlorane-604 (with zero to three bromines and with four chlorines) were detected in >73% of the fish samples. The concentrations of some of these dechlorane-related compounds were 3-10 times higher in Lake Ontario trout than in fish from the other four lakes. Tris(1-chloroisopropyl) phosphate, tri-n-butylphosphate, tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, and triphenyl phosphate were found in >50% of the fish samples. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were the most abundant of the flame retardants in fish, with a mean concentration of 250ng/g lipid. Our findings suggest that the Decs and BFRs with 3-6 bromines are more bioaccumulative in the fish than the OPEs and high molecular weight BFRs.
authors.affiliation: School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States.
authors.forename: Jiehong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venier
authors.affiliation: School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States.
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salamova
authors.affiliation: School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States. Electronic address: Hitesr@Indiana.edu.
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hites
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004952:Esters; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000378:metabolism; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000378:metabolism; D060106:Lakes; D009864:Ontario; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010471:Perches / Q000378:metabolism; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D014337:Trout / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010755:Organophosphates; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C556733:dechlorane 602; C556736:dechlorane 603; C556738:dechlorane 604; C526360:dechlorane plus; C031324:tris(chloroethyl)phosphate; C009524:tributyl phosphate; C005445:triphenyl phosphate
keywords: Atmosphere; Dechlorane-related compounds; Great Lakes; Lake trout; Organophosphate esters