title: Cluster-Based Maximum Consensus Time Synchronization for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks.
abstract: Time synchronization is one of the key technologies in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs), and clustering is widely used in WSNs for data fusion and information collection to reduce redundant data and communication overhead. Considering IWSNs' demand for low energy consumption, fast convergence, and robustness, this paper presents a novel Cluster-based Maximum consensus Time Synchronization (CMTS) method. It consists of two parts: intra-cluster time synchronization and inter-cluster time synchronization. Based on the theory of distributed consensus, the proposed method utilizes the maximum consensus approach to realize the intra-cluster time synchronization, and adjacent clusters exchange the time messages via overlapping nodes to synchronize with each other. A Revised-CMTS is further proposed to counteract the impact of bounded communication delays between two connected nodes, because the traditional stochastic models of the communication delays would distort in a dynamic environment. The simulation results show that our method reduces the communication overhead and improves the convergence rate in comparison to existing works, as well as adapting to the uncertain bounded communication delays.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Networked Control System, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. wangzhaowei@sia.cn.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. wangzhaowei@sia.cn.
authors.forename: Zhaowei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Networked Control System, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. zp@sia.cn.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network & Communication, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem Information and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China. zhoumingtuo@hotmail.com.|Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications, Shanghai 201210, China. zhoumingtuo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mingtuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Networked Control System, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. lidong@sia.cn.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Networked Control System, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. wangjintao@sia.cn.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. wangjintao@sia.cn.
authors.forename: Jintao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: communication delays; convergence rate; industrial wireless sensor networks; maximum consensus; time synchronization