title: Management of Alzheimer's disease-An insight of the enzymatic and other novel potential targets.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a well-known cause of memory loss and dementia in elderly people all across the world. It is pathophysiologically characterized by the extracellular deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) proteins and retention of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. Several enzymes, such as lipoxygenases, acetylcholinesterases, secretases, glycogen synthase kinase 3, caspases, sirtuins have been reported to actively participate in the pathogenesis of AD. Due to the limited drug for the management of AD till now (only memantine and four other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors), there is an urgent need to find out the novel inhibitors that could specifically act against these enzymes or therapeutically important targets, and barricade or decelerate AD progression. In this current review, we aim to unravel various enzymes and their potential inhibitors that could be exploited against AD pathogenesis. We have also covered several other important miscellaneous targets which could be used as AD therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, J. N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
authors.forename: Badar Ul
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: shamstabrez1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shams
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabrez
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D034622:RNA Interference; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects
keywords: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer’s disease; Caspases; Lipoxygenase; Sirtuins