title: Degenerative temporomandibular joint changes associated with recent-onset disc displacement without reduction in adolescents and young adults.
abstract: This study evaluated the occurrence of degenerative temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes in adolescents and young adults with recent on-set disc displacement without reduction (DDw/oR) using high-resolution cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The associations between types of osteoarthrosis (OA) changes and clinical factors including disease duration were also examined. CBCT and clinical data of 300 patients (84.70% females, mean age 20.93 ± 4.77 years) diagnosed with unilateral DDw/oR (≤12 months) based on RDC/TMD were acquired. CBCT images of both symptomatic and contralateral asymptomatic TMJs were independently evaluated and scored by two radiologists. Associations between OA changes and gender, age, mouth opening and duration of DDw/oR were analyzed statistically. Condylar OA changes were present in 59.30% of the joints with DDw/oR. Early-stage OA changes (loss of continuity of articular cortex and/or surface destruction) constituted most (45.67%) of the alterations. Prevalence of early-stage OA increased from 24% to about 60% one month after TMJ closed-lock occurred. Logistic regression analysis showed the risk of developing early-stage OA changes was 5.33 times higher one month after onset of DDw/oR. A high prevalence of degenerative TMJ changes was observed with recent on-set DDw/oR in adolescents and young adults. Early diagnosis and intervention of DDw/oR is therefore prudent.
authors.affiliation: Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Muqing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Ng Teng Fong Hospital General and Jurong Medical Centre, Jurong Health Services, Singapore; School of Science and Technology, SIM University, Singapore; Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Adrian U-Jin
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.affiliation: Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China. Electronic address: leijierebecca1986@163.com.
authors.forename: Kai-Yuan
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000150:complications*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000209:etiology*; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cone beam computed tomography; Disc displacement without reduction; Early-stage osteoarthrosis; Risk; Temporomandibular joint