title: Identification of Changes in the Human Papilloma Virus 16 (HPV16) Genome During Early Dissemination of Cervical Cancer Cells May Complement Histological Diagnosis of Lymph Node Metastasis.
abstract: Cancer of the uterine cervix (CACX) is one of the most common carcinoma affecting women worldwide. During treatment, histologically lymph node (LN) metastasis and presence of HPV DNA in blood plasma act as a major prognostic factor. Despite the lack of apparent LN involvement, some early-invasive CACX patients have shown recurrences and poor survival. This is suggestive of undetected early dissemination of cancer cells characterized by presence of HPV DNA in histologically non-metastatic LNs which finally progresses into histologically visible metastasis. This present study investigated the status and origin of HPV genome during early dissemination by molecular analysis in primary tumor (PT), histologically non-metastatic pelvic lymph nodes (LNs) and blood plasma (BP) of same patient. First, CACX patients showing signs of early dissemination was identified by detection of HPV in PT (n = 22) and their corresponding histologically non-metastatic pelvic LNs (n = 45) and BP (n = 18) followed by typing of HPV16/18. This was followed by comparative analysis of the physical, copy number and methylation (enhancer/early/late) status of HPV16 genome present in LNs and BP with that of PT. Our study revealed for the first time that the HPV16 genome were frequently present in the integrated form though the copy number was low in both non-metastatic LNs and BP. However, the methylation pattern of PT was discordant with that of corresponding LNs and BP in majority of the cases. Critical assessment of HPV16 profiles established that the presence of hrHPV may be due to the early dissemination of PT cells having significant pathological implications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Anirban
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roychowdhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Sudip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samadder
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Md Saimul
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Kalyansree
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chaudhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Anup
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Dipanwita
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Ranajit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: India Screening Group (SCR), Early Detection and Prevention Section (EDP), International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Partha S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.affiliation: Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre & Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Susanta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roychoudhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India. ckpanda.cnci@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chinmay Kumar
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Panda
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000821:virology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs); HPV16 integration; HPV16 methylation; Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16; Lymph node metastasis; Uterine cervical carcinoma