title: Omija fruit ethanol extract improves adiposity and related metabolic disturbances in mice fed a high-fat diet.
abstract: This study investigated the biological and molecular mechanisms underlying the antiobesity effect of omija fruit ethanol extract (OFE) in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). C57BL/6J mice were fed an HFD (20% fat, w/w) with or without OFE (500 mg/kg body weight) for 16 weeks. Dietary OFE significantly increased brown adipose tissue weight and energy expenditure while concomitantly decreasing white adipose tissue (WAT) weight and adipocyte size by up-regulating the expression of brown fat-selective genes in WAT. OFE also improved hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia by enhancing hepatic fatty acid oxidation-related enzymes activity and fecal lipid excretion. In addition to steatosis, OFE decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in the liver. Moreover, OFE improved glucose tolerance and lowered plasma glucose, insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, which may be linked to decreases in the activity of hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes and the circulating level of gastric inhibitory polypeptide. These findings suggest that OFE may protect against diet-induced adiposity and related metabolic disturbances by controlling brown-like transformation of WAT, fatty acid oxidation, inflammation in the liver and fecal lipid excretion. Improved insulin resistance may be also associated with its antiobesity effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk Dong Puk-ku, 702-701 Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Food R&D, CJ Cheiljedang Corp, 152-051 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk Dong Puk-ku, 702-701 Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Ryong
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk Dong Puk-ku, 702-701 Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, 48513 Busan, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jungunju@pknu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Un Ju
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000069796:Adipose Tissue, Beige / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D050177:Overweight / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D032141:Schisandra / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Brown fat-selective genes; Fatty acid oxidation; Fecal lipid excretion; Insulin resistance; Omija fruit ethanol extract