title: Electroacupuncture pretreatment attenuates spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibition of high-mobility group box 1 production in a LXA4receptor-dependent manner.
abstract: Paraplegia caused by spinal cord ischemia is a severe complication following surgeries in the thoracic aneurysm. HMGB1 has been recognized as a key mediator in spinal inflammatory response after spinal cord injury. Electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment could provide neuroprotection against cerebral ischemic injury through inhibition of HMGB1 release. Therefore, the present study aims to test the hypothesis that EA pretreatment protects against spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury via inhibition of HMGB1 release. Animals were pre-treated with EA stimulations 30min daily for 4 successive days, followed by 20-min spinal cord ischemia induced by using a balloon catheter placed into the aorta. We found that spinal I/R significantly increased mRNA and cytosolic protein levels of HMGB1 after reperfusion in the spinal cord. The EA-pretreated animals displayed better motor performance after reperfusion along with the decrease of apoptosis, HMGB1, TNF-α and IL-1β expressions in the spinal cord, whereas these effects by EA pretreatment was reversed by rHMGB1 administration. Furthermore, EA pretreatment attenuated the down-regulation of LXA4receptor (ALX) expression induced by I/R injury, while the decrease of HMGB1 release in EA-pretreated rats was reversed by the combined BOC-2 (an inhibitor of LXA4receptor) treatment. In conclusion, EA pretreatment may promote spinal I/R injury through the inhibition of HMGB1 release in a LXA4receptor-dependent manner. Our data may represent a new therapeutic technique for treating spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710021, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. Electronic address: Su_luccy@126.com.
authors.forename: Bin-Xiao
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. Electronic address: jmpei8@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jian-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015671:Electroacupuncture; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044067:Receptors, Lipoxin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020760:Spinal Cord Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C104200:Hbp1 protein, rat; C000594089:IL1B protein, rat; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D009842:Oligopeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044067:Receptors, Lipoxin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C033373:butyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanine
keywords: Electroacupuncture; HMGB1; Ischemia-reperfusion; LXA(4) receptor; Spinal cord