title: Increased risk of Parkinson disease with diabetes mellitus in a population-based study.
abstract: This nationwide population-based study investigated the risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in relation to diabetes mellitus (DM) through the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan.A retrospective study was conducted, consisting of 36,294 patients who were newly diagnosed with DM between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2006 and 108,882 individuals without DM as healthy controls from insurance claims data from Taiwan's National Health Research Institutes Dataset. The subjects were followed up until December 31, 2011 or until the first manifestation of PD. The hazard ratio (HR) of DM for PD incidence was estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression model.Compared with the non-DM cohort, the incidence density rate of PD was 1.36-fold higher in the DM cohort (1.53 vs 2.08 per 1000 person-years) with an adjusted HR of 1.19 (95% confidence interval = 1.08-1.32) after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and medication use. The adjusted HR of PD for DM with a larger magnitude was observed in females (1.29, 1.12-1.49); individuals age 65 years and older (1.20, 1.06-1.35); those without schizophrenia (1.20, 1.08-1.33), bipolar disorder (1.20, 1.08-1.33), hypertension (1.18, 1.06-1.32), hyperlipidemia (1.21, 1.09-1.34), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.19, 1.06-1.32), coronary artery disease (1.22, 1.09-1.36), stroke (1.23, 1.10-1.37), asthma (1.20, 1.08-1.34), flunarizine use (1.21, 1.08-1.35), zolpidem use (1.16, 1.04-1.30), Charlson comorbidity index score of 0 (1.23, 1.08-1.40), and those using metoclopramide (1.35, 1.14-1.60) and zolpidem (1.46, 1.12-1.90).DM increased the risk of PD during a mean follow-up of 7.3 years. Further mechanistic research on the effect of DM on PD is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital School of Medicine, China Medical University Department of Urology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Wan
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Teng-Fu
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Chia-Ing
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chiu-Shong
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wen-Yuan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jen-Huai
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Tsai-Chung
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Cheng-Chieh
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult