title: Urotensinergic system genes in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cerebral vasospasm, one of the main complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), is characterized by arterial constriction and mainly occurs from day 4 until the second week after the event. Urotensin-II (U-II) has been described as the most potent vasoconstrictor peptide in mammals. An analysis is made of the serum U-II concentrations and mRNA expression levels of U-II, urotensin related peptide (URP) and urotensin receptor (UT) genes in an experimental murine model of SAH.
  
  
  METHODS
  An experimental study was carried out.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental operating room of the Biomedicine Institute of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital (Seville, Spain).
  
  
  METHODS
  96 Wistar rats: 74 SAH and 22 sham intervention animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Day 1: blood sampling, followed by the percutaneous injection of 100μl saline (sham) or blood (SAH) into the subarachnoid space. Day 5: blood sampling, followed by sacrifice of the animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Weight, early mortality, serum U-II levels, mRNA values for U-II, URP and UT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum U-II levels increased in the SAH group from day 1 (0.62pg/mL [IQR 0.36-1.08]) to day 5 (0.74pg/mL [IQR 0.39-1.43]) (p<0.05), though not in the sham group (0.56pg/mL [IQR 0.06-0.83] day 1; 0.37pg/mL [IQR 0.23-0.62] day 5; p=0.959). Between-group differences were found on day 5 (p<0.05). The ROC analysis showed that the day 5 serum U-II levels (AUC=0.691), URP mRNA (AUC=0.706) and UT mRNA (AUC=0.713) could discriminate between sham and SAH rats. The normal serum U-II concentration range in rats was 0.56pg/mL (IQR 0.06-0.83).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The urotensinergic system is upregulated on day 5 in an experimental model of SAH.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, IBIS/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: M Á
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Cuidados Críticos, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, IBIS/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address: rodriguezana13m@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Cuidados Críticos, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, IBIS/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Egea-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Cuidados Críticos, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, IBIS/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gordillo-Escobar
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Á
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Vilches-Arenas
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquimica Médica, Biología molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrillo-Vico
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquimica Médica, Biología molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Cuidados Críticos, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, IBIS/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Murillo-Cabezas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D012372:ROC Curve; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D014579:Urotensins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000235:genetics; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D014579:Urotensins; C473142:Uts2r protein, rat; C479081:urotensin II-related peptide, rat; C029677:urotensin II
keywords: Biomarcadores; Biomarkers; Experimental model; Hemorragia subaracnoidea; Modelo experimental; Sistema urotensinérgico; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Urotensin; Urotensina; Urotensinergic system