title: Insulin sensitivity and its relation to hormones in adolescent boys and girls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A subset of obese individuals lacks cardiometabolic impairment. We aimed to analyze hormonal profiles of insulin-sensitive obese (ISO) and insulin-resistant obese (IRO) adolescents and determine hormonal predictors of homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
  
  
  METHODS
  A threshold of 3.16 of HOMA-IR was used to classify ISO (<3.16) IRO (≥3.16). In 702 individuals aged 13-18years (55.8% girls) anthropometric and laboratory [blood glucose, insulin, thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), steroid hormones, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, ghrelin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like-peptide 1glucagon, leptin, resistin, visfatin, leptin, adiponectin and adipsin] assessments were performed. Orthogonal projections to latent structures and Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferroni correction were applied for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  52.6% girls and 42.9% boys were insulin sensitive. In the predictive model of HOMA-IR thyroid function tests, adiponectin, ghrelin and leptin concentrations played an important role in both genders. Prolactin, testosterone and glucagon contributed to the model only in boys, while progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels only in girls. After Bonferroni correction levels of leptin, adiponectin, leptin/adiponectin ratio, SHBG and fT4/TSH ratio in both genders, testosterone and glucagon levels in boys and levels of TSH and fT3 in girls were related to insulin sensitivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic health defined by HOMA-IR is partly predicted by various hormones. Some of them are gender specific. Free T4/TSH and leptin/adiponectin ratios are related to insulin sensitivity in both genders.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology, Obesity Management Center, Národní 8, 116 94, Prague 1, Czech Republic; Department of Pediatrics and Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Šrobárova 50, 100 34, Prague 10, Czech Republic. Electronic address: ihainer@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aldhoon-Hainerová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology, Obesity Management Center, Národní 8, 116 94, Prague 1, Czech Republic. Electronic address: hzamrazilova@endo.cz.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zamrazilová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology, Obesity Management Center, Národní 8, 116 94, Prague 1, Czech Republic. Electronic address: mhill@endo.cz.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology, Obesity Management Center, Národní 8, 116 94, Prague 1, Czech Republic. Electronic address: vhainer@endo.cz.
authors.forename: Vojtěch
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hainer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones
keywords: Homeostasis model of insulin resistance; Hormones; Insulin-resistant/sensitive obese; Metabolically healthy obesity; Predictors of insulin sensitivity