title: Facial skin blood flow responses during exposures to emotionally charged movies.
abstract: The changes in regional facial skin blood flow and vascular conductance have been assessed for the first time with noninvasive two-dimensional laser speckle flowmetry during audiovisually elicited emotional challenges for 2 min (comedy, landscape, and horror movie) in 12 subjects. Limb skin blood flow and vascular conductance and systemic cardiovascular variables were simultaneously measured. The extents of pleasantness and consciousness for each emotional stimulus were estimated by the subjective rating from -5 (the most unpleasant; the most unconscious) to +5 (the most pleasant; the most conscious). Facial skin blood flow and vascular conductance, especially in the lips, decreased during viewing of comedy and horror movies, whereas they did not change during viewing of a landscape movie. The decreases in facial skin blood flow and vascular conductance were the greatest with the comedy movie. The changes in lip, cheek, and chin skin blood flow negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with the subjective ratings of pleasantness and consciousness. The changes in lip skin vascular conductance negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with the subjective rating of pleasantness, while the changes in infraorbital, subnasal, and chin skin vascular conductance negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with the subjective rating of consciousness. However, none of the changes in limb skin blood flow and vascular conductance and systemic hemodynamics correlated with the subjective ratings. The mental arithmetic task did not alter facial and limb skin blood flows, although the task influenced systemic cardiovascular variables. These findings suggest that the more emotional status becomes pleasant or conscious, the more neurally mediated vasoconstriction may occur in facial skin blood vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan. matsuk@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Momoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005145:Face / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009040:Motion Pictures; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Emotional and mood status; Emotional challenges; Limb skin blood flow; Two-dimensional laser speckle flowmetry