title: Evaluation of reproductive protection against bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus-1 afforded by annual revaccination with modified-live viral or combination modified-live/killed viral vaccines after primary vaccination with modified-live viral vaccine.
abstract: The objective of this study was to compare reproductive protection in cattle against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) provided by annual revaccination with multivalent modified-live viral (MLV) vaccine or multivalent combination viral (CV) vaccine containing temperature-sensitive modified-live BoHV-1 and killed BVDV when MLV vaccines were given pre-breeding to nulliparous heifers. Seventy-five beef heifers were allocated into treatment groups A (n=30; two MLV doses pre-breeding, annual revaccination with MLV vaccine), B (n=30; two MLV doses pre-breeding, annual revaccination with CV vaccine) and C (n=15; saline in lieu of vaccine). Heifers were administered treatments on days 0 (weaning), 183 (pre-breeding), 366 (first gestation), and 738 (second gestation). After first calving, primiparous cows were bred, with pregnancy assessment on day 715. At that time, 24 group A heifers (23 pregnancies), 23 group B heifers (22 pregnancies), and 15 group C heifers (15 pregnancies) were commingled with six persistently infected (PI) cattle for 16days. Ninety-nine days after PI removal, cows were intravenously inoculated with BoHV-1. All fetuses and live offspring were assessed for BVDV and BoHV-1. Abortions occurred in 3/23 group A cows, 1/22 group B cows, and 11/15 group C cows. Fetal infection with BVDV or BoHV-1 occurred in 4/23 group A offspring, 0/22 group B offspring, and 15/15 group C offspring. This research demonstrates efficacy of administering two pre-breeding doses of MLV vaccine with annual revaccination using CV vaccine to prevent fetal loss due to exposure to BVDV and BoHV-1.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. Electronic address: walzpau@auburn.edu.
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: M Daniel
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Givens
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Soren P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Rodning
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Kay P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Riddell
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68683, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Brodersen
authors.affiliation: Zoetis, INC., Florham Park, NJ 07932, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scruggs
authors.affiliation: Zoetis, INC., Florham Park, NJ 07932, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Short
authors.affiliation: Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA.
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grotelueschen
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle; D030241:Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007241:Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: Bovine herpesvirus 1; Bovine viral diarrhea virus; Cattle; Reproductive protection; Vaccine efficacy