title: Novel reuterin-related compounds suppress odour by periodontopathic bacteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Halitosis is caused by volatile sulphur compounds including methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) in the oral cavity and is a serious problem that limits interpersonal social communication. The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of reuterin-related compounds (RRCs) on halitosis-related periodontopathic bacteria in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  RRC-01, RRC-02 and RRC-03 (32 and 64 μg ml-1) in culture media containing Fusobacterium nucleatum JCM8523 and Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC33277 were used. The effects of RRCs on CH3SH production and detectable odour by F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis were examined by CH3SH production assay and organoleptic test, respectively. The number of bacterial cells was also measured using an ATP assay. In P. gingivalis treated with RRCs, the expression of mgl gene, which is responsible for CH3SH production, was examined by qRT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CH3SH production and the score of detectable odour from F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis culture media containing RRCs were significantly lower than that without RRCs (P < 0.05). The expression of mgl gene in P. gingivalis was significantly downregulated by RRC-01 (P < 0.01), but not by RRC-02 or RRC-03.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RRCs are potent oral care products for preventing halitosis via reducing CH3SH production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.|Department of Oral Healthcare Promotion, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-0840
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Healthcare Promotion, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyake
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005985:Glyceraldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006209:Halitosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011407:Propane / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; C047158:3-hydroxypropionaldehyde; C005231:methylmercaptan; D005985:Glyceraldehyde; D011407:Propane
keywords: 
  Fusobacterium nucleatum
  ; 
  Lactobacillus reuteri
  ; 
  Porphyromonas gingivalis
  ; halitosis; odour; reuterin