title: Osteopontin Bridging Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Autoimmune Diseases.
abstract: Osteopontin (OPN) regulates the immune response at multiple levels. Physiologically, it regulates the host response to infections by driving T helper (Th) polarization and acting on both innate and adaptive immunity; pathologically, it contributes to the development of immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases. In some cases, the mechanisms of these effects have been described, but many aspects of the OPN function remain elusive. This is in part ascribable to the fact that OPN is a complex molecule with several posttranslational modifications and it may act as either an immobilized protein of the extracellular matrix or a soluble cytokine or an intracytoplasmic molecule by binding to a wide variety of molecules including crystals of calcium phosphate, several cell surface receptors, and intracytoplasmic molecules. This review describes the OPN structure, isoforms, and functions and its role in regulating the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immunity in autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), "A. Avogadro" University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Nausicaa
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9860-0148
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), "A. Avogadro" University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raineri
authors.affiliation: Biocenter, Division for Experimental Pathophysiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5193-4688
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cappellano
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), "A. Avogadro" University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boggio
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), "A. Avogadro" University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Favero
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), "A. Avogadro" University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Felicia
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Soluri
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2246-3183
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dianzani
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, Neurology Unit, "A. Avogadro" UPO, Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristoforo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6862-9468
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Comi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), "A. Avogadro" University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6723-3931
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dianzani
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), "A. Avogadro" University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4349-1087
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiocchetti
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D053495:Osteopontin