title: Elimination of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in an Animal Feed Manufacturing Facility.
abstract: Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) was the first virus of wide scale concern to be linked to possible transmission by livestock feed or ingredients. Measures to exclude pathogens, prevent cross-contamination, and actively reduce the pathogenic load of feed and ingredients are being developed. However, research thus far has focused on the role of chemicals or thermal treatment to reduce the RNA in the actual feedstuffs, and has not addressed potential residual contamination within the manufacturing facility that may lead to continuous contamination of finished feeds. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the use of a standardized protocol to sanitize an animal feed manufacturing facility contaminated with PEDV. Environmental swabs were collected throughout the facility during the manufacturing of a swine diet inoculated with PEDV. To monitor facility contamination of the virus, swabs were collected at: 1) baseline prior to inoculation, 2) after production of the inoculated feed, 3) after application of a quaternary ammonium-glutaraldehyde blend cleaner, 4) after application of a sodium hypochlorite sanitizing solution, and 5) after facility heat-up to 60°C for 48 hours. Decontamination step, surface, type, zone and their interactions were all found to impact the quantity of detectable PEDV RNA (P < 0.05). As expected, all samples collected from equipment surfaces contained PEDV RNA after production of the contaminated feed. Additionally, the majority of samples collected from non-direct feed contact surfaces were also positive for PEDV RNA after the production of the contaminated feed, emphasizing the potential role dust plays in cross-contamination of pathogen throughout a manufacturing facility. Application of the cleaner, sanitizer, and heat were effective at reducing PEDV genomic material (P < 0.05), but did not completely eliminate it.
authors.affiliation: Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Anne R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Huss
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Loni L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cochrane
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jianfa
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jason C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Woodworth
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Steve S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dritz
authors.affiliation: Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Cassandra K
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0671-8879
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000821:virology*; D000818:Animals; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D007221:Industry / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053485:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / Q000235:genetics; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods