title: MixFit: Methodology for Computing Ancestry-Related Genetic Scores at the Individual Level and Its Application to the Estonian and Finnish Population Studies.
abstract: Ancestry information at the individual level can be a valuable resource for personalized medicine, medical, demographical and history research, as well as for tracing back personal history. We report a new method for quantitatively determining personal genetic ancestry based on genome-wide data. Numerical ancestry component scores are assigned to individuals based on comparisons with reference populations. These comparisons are conducted with an existing analytical pipeline making use of genotype phasing, similarity matrix computation and our addition-multidimensional best fitting by MixFit. The method is demonstrated by studying Estonian and Finnish populations in geographical context. We show the main differences in the genetic composition of these otherwise close European populations and how they have influenced each other. The components of our analytical pipeline are freely available computer programs and scripts one of which was developed in house (available at: www.geenivaramu.ee/en/tools/mixfit).
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Toomas
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5069-6523
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Liis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leitsalu
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Krista
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Marja-Liisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nuotio
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Tõnu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Esko
authors.affiliation: Vrije University, Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dorothea Irene
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Boomsma
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kirsten Ohm
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Kyvik
authors.affiliation: The Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, TwinsUK Registry, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tim D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Spector
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.|Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helskinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perola
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Metspalu
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D004957:Estonia; D005387:Finland; D005789:Genealogy and Heraldry; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans