title: Engineered gadolinium-doped carbon dots for magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy of tumors.
abstract: The effectiveness of radiotherapy can decrease due to inaccurate positioning of machinery and inherent radioresistance of tumors. To address this issue, we present a novel theranostic nanoplatform based on gadolinium-doped carbon dots (Gd-doped CDs) designed specifically for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided radiotherapy of tumors. The Gd-doped CDs (∼18 nm) with dispersibility in water and stable photoluminescence were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal approach. After tail vein injection of the Gd-doped CDs, they exhibited a relatively long circulation time (∼6 h), enabled efficient passive tumor targeting. Gd-doped CDs accumulate in the kidney and could be cleared out of the body from bladder. Importantly, they exhibited favorable biocompatibility with excellent performance in longitudinal relaxivity rate (r1) of 6.45 mM-1S-1and radiosensitization enhancements. These results show that Gd-doped CDs are excellent T1contrast agents and radiosensitizers, possessing great promise for MRI-guided radiotherapy of tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatosis, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Fengyi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China.
authors.forename: Lirong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatosis, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Miaomiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatosis, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatosis, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Youwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatosis, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiawen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatosis, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Mingzhong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, PR China. Electronic address: 2659661466@qq.com.
authors.forename: Huixiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, Jiangsu, PR China. Electronic address: wuchaoyang9@163.com.
authors.forename: Chaoyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatosis, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China. Electronic address: 1210xyz@163.com.
authors.forename: Shenqiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D061089:Radiotherapy, Image-Guided / Q000379:methods*; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D002244:Carbon; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: Carbon dots; Contrast agents; Gadolinium; MRI; Radiotherapy