title: The effect of intradetrusor botulinum neurotoxin type A on urinary NGF, TGF BETA-1, TIMP-2 levels in children with neurogenic detrusor overactivity due to myelodysplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the value of urine nerve growth factor (NGF), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-Beta-1), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) levels to predict the urodynamic profile before and after botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment in children with myelodysplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study included 15 children with myelodysplasia who underwent intradetrusor BoNT-A injections due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDOA). Urine samples of each child were collected before and after BoNT-A injections, specifically at the first and third postoperative months. Urine samples were analyzed with ELISA method and NGF, TGF-Beta-1, and TIMP-2 levels were measured. Urine marker levels and clinical findings were assessed for statistical significance with Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and Friedman Test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 15 children (5 boys and 10 girls) were assigned as the study group. Mean age of the patients was 7.1 ± 2.5 years (range 2.5-11). A statistically significantly decline was observed in urinary TGF-Beta-1 and NGF levels following BoNT-A injections, compared to the preoperative levels (P < 0.05). TIMP-2 levels also tend to decrease following BoNT-A injections but this was not statistically significant compared to the preoperative levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary study, suggests urinary TGF-Beta-1 and NGF as a potent marker in children with NDOA, as they decline following BoNT-A injection. Further studies are needed in identifying their special role in assessing treatment success after invasive interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuncay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Top
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cagri Akin
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sekerci
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Biochemistry, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Isbilen-Basok
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yiloren
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanidir
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tinay
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferruh Kemal
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Isman
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Akbal
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferruh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Simsek
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tufan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tarcan
mesh_terms: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000652:urine; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000652:urine; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000652:urine; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors; D015415:Biomarkers; C502240:NGF protein, human; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; C560823:TIMP2 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A
keywords: botulinum neurotoxin type A; myelodysplasia; nerve growth factor; tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2; transforming growth factor beta 1