title: Effect on the expression ofdrd2anddrd3after neonatal lesion in the lymphocytes, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex: comparative analysis between juvenile and adult Wistar rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neonatal lesion in the ventral hippocampus (NLVH) is a validated animal model to study schizophrenia from a neurodevelopmental perspective. This animal model is also used to investigate how neonatal lesions may alter the genetic expression of dopaminergic receptors. The present study compares mRNA expression levels of dopamine receptors (drd2anddrd3) in lymphocytes and brain of NLVH animals at two different age stages: young and adult.
  
  
  METHODS
  The NLVH procedure was performed on 20 male Wistar rats at postnatal days 5-7. The mRNA expression levels ofdrd2anddrd3genes in lymphocytes, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were measured and analyzed at postnatal days 45 and 90. The results were compared and contrasted with respective sham groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In lymphocytes, only in NLVH-adult group we observeddrd2mRNA expression, whiledrd2mRNA expression was not observed in the NLVH-juvenile rats; on the other hand, thedrd3mRNA expression did not show significant statistical differences. In hippocampus no differences were observed betweendrd2mRNA ordrd3mRNA expression when comparing juvenile/adult shams with NLVH groups. In the prefrontal area, a decrease indrd2mRNA expression levels were observed in the NLVH-adult group (F(1,3) = 52.83,p= 0,005) in comparison to the sham-adult group. Finally, in the nucleus accumbens, a strong decrease ofdrd3mRNA expression was observed in the NLVH-adult group in comparison to the sham-adult group (F(1,3) = 123,2,p< 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that differences indrd2anddrd3mRNA levels in NLVH-adults are patent when compared to the sham-adult group or with the NLVH-juvenile group. These findings suggest that the expression levels may be regulated during adulthood, leading to behavioral and neurochemical changes related to schizophrenia. Therefore, more studies are necessary to determine the role of dopamine receptors as possible molecular markers for neurodevelopmental changes associated with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica (SAP), Secretaria de Salud, D.F. Mexico, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alma Delia
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Genis-Mendoza
authors.affiliation: División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco Mexico.
authors.forename: Carlos Alfonso
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tovilla-Zárate
authors.affiliation: Hospital General de Yajalón, Secretaria de Salud. Yajalón, Chiapas, Mexico.
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: López-Narvaez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, D.F, Mexico, Mexico.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, D.F, Mexico, Mexico.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ostrosky-Wegman
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica (SAP), Secretaria de Salud, D.F. Mexico, Mexico ; Carracci Medical Group, Carracci 107. Insurgentes Extremadura, Ciudad de México, D.F. 13740 Mexico.
authors.forename: Humberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nicolini
authors.affiliation: División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco Mexico.
authors.forename: Thelma Beatriz
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: González-Castro
authors.affiliation: División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco Mexico.
authors.forename: Yazmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hernández-Diaz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C000607792:DRD2 protein, rat; C493595:Drd3 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3
keywords: Dopamine expression; NLVH; Peripheral lymphocyte