title: The role of neuropeptides in adverse myocardial remodeling and heart failure.
abstract: In addition to traditional neurotransmitters of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, the heart also contains numerous neuropeptides. These neuropeptides not only modulate the effects of neurotransmitters, but also have independent effects on cardiac function. While in most cases the physiological actions of these neuropeptides are well defined, their contributions to cardiac pathology are less appreciated. Some neuropeptides are cardioprotective, some promote adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure, and in the case of others their functions are unclear. Some have both cardioprotective and adverse effects depending on the specific cardiac pathology and progression of that pathology. In this review, we briefly describe the actions of several neuropeptides on normal cardiac physiology, before describing in more detail their role in adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure. It is our goal to bring more focus toward understanding the contribution of neuropeptides to the pathogenesis of heart failure, and to consider them as potential therapeutic targets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.|Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Widiapradja
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Prasad
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chunduri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. slevick@mcw.edu.|Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. slevick@mcw.edu.
authors.forename: Scott P
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5034-4942
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Levick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D009479:Neuropeptides
keywords: Cardiac remodeling; Cardiomegaly; Fibrosis; Hypertrophy