title: Feasibility of obtaining in situ nanocapsules through modified self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems. A new manufacturing approach for oral route administration.
abstract: Nanocapsules (NCs) are submicron-sized core shell systems which present important advantages such as improvement of drug efficacy and bioavailability, prevention of drug degradation, and provision of controlled-release delivery. The available methods for NC production require expensive recovery and purification steps which compromised the morphology of NCs. Industrial applications of NCs have been avoided due to the aforementioned issues. In this study, we developed a new method based on a modified self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for in situ NCs production within the gastrointestinal tract. This new methodology does not require purification and recovery steps and can preserve the morphology and the functionality of NCs. The in situ formed NCs of Eudragit®RL PO were compared with nanospheres (NEs) in order to obtain evidence of their core-shell structure. NCs presented a spherical morphology with a size of 126.2 ± 13.1 nm, an ibuprofen encapsulation efficiency of 31.3% and a zeta-potential of 37.4 mV. Additionally, NC density and release profile (zero order) showed physical evidence of the feasibility of NCs in situ creation.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , México.
authors.forename: Viridiana Gisela
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Llera-Rojas
authors.affiliation: b Departamento de Nanotecnología, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Campus Juriquilla , Querétaro , México.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Real L
authors.affiliation: c Laboratorio de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas , Universidad de Colima, Carr. Coquimatlán , Colima , México.
authors.forename: Néstor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Muñoz
authors.affiliation: d Laboratorio de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco , Ciudad de México , México.
authors.forename: Luz María
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Melgoza-Contreras
authors.affiliation: a Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , México.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Quintanar-Guerrero
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004345:Drug Industry; D004655:Emulsions; D005079:Excipients; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053769:Nanocapsules; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D005079:Excipients; D053769:Nanocapsules; D011108:Polymers; C058665:Eudragit RL
keywords: Nanotechnology; SMEDDS; in situ; nanocapsules; nanospheres; new method