title: Double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and concurrent hypoplastic left ventricle in a calf.
abstract: A 3-day-old Hereford heifer calf presented for evaluation of lethargy and dyspnea, with persistent hypoxia despite supplemental oxygen therapy. A grade III/VI right apical systolic murmur was noted during cardiac auscultation. Echocardiography revealed a double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and concurrent hypoplastic left ventricle and tricuspid valve dysplasia. Post-mortem examination revealed additional congenital anomalies of ductus arteriosus, patent foramen ovale, and persistent left cranial vena cava. This report illustrates the use of echocardiographic images to diagnose a double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and a hypoplastic left ventricle in a calf.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Newhard
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA. Electronic address: szj0026@auburn.edu.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuca
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bayne
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Passler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002417:Cattle; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004310:Double Outlet Right Ventricle / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D053609:Lethargy / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D054088:Ventricular Septum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: Bovine; Congenital heart defect; Persistent hypoxia