title: Expression of the interleukin-21 and phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 in Kimura disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expressions of interleukin (IL)-21 and phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2) in Kimura disease (KD) and to correlate the findings with clinical and prognostic variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical analysis of IL-21 and pERK1/2 was performed in 18 cases of KD and five gender- and age-matched control samples. Clinical data were extracted and patients followed up for a mean period of 32.1 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a mean follow-up period of 32.1 months (range 1-102 months), recurrence was diagnosed as the end point for seven patients-that is, a 44% (7/16) cumulative recurrence rate. In comparison with gender- and age-matched controls, patients showed strong in situ expressions of IL-21 and pERK1/2, respectively (p<0.05). Patients with strong IL-21 staining intensity and overexpression of pERK1/2 had a lower recurrence rate than those with moderate staining intensity (p=0.049, p=0.019, respectively). However, differences were not statistically significant by gender, age, eosinophils, location, multiplicity, laterality, size, duration and primary outbreak. pERK1/2 was the independent prognostic factor (p=0.020), while age, gender, eosinophils, multiplicity, laterality, size, duration, primary outbreak and expression of IL-21 were not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that the IL-21/pERK1/2 pathway is activated in KD, and pERK1/2 might be considered as a potential prognostic indicator in KD.
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Li
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Chen-Xi
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Cheng
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Keremu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abasi
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Lu-Lu
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Peng
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000796:Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012008:Recurrence; D055815:Young Adult; D000098546:Interleukin-21
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; C535150:MAPK1 protein, human; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D000098546:Interleukin-21
keywords: HEAD AND NECK; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; INTERLEUKINS