title: Bioactive nutrients - Time for tolerable upper intake levels to address safety.
abstract: There is increasing interest by consumers, researchers, and regulators into the roles that certain bioactive compounds, derived from plants and other natural sources, can play in health maintenance and promotion, and even prolonging a productive quality of life. Research has rapidly emerged suggesting that a wide range of compounds and mixtures in and from plants (such as fruits and vegetables, tea and cocoa) and animals (such as fish and probiotics) may exert substantial health benefits. There is interest in exploring the possibility of establishing recommended intakes or dietary guidance for certain bioactive substances to help educate consumers. A key aspect of establishing dietary guidance is the assessment of safety/toxicity of these substances. Toxicologists need to be involved in both the development of the safety framework and in the evaluation of the science to establish maximum intake/upper limits.
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Research Council, Johnson City, TN 37615, United States. Electronic address: allisonayates@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Allison A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States. Electronic address: jwerdman@illinois.edu.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Erdman
authors.affiliation: Global Nutrition Policy, Herbalife Nutrition, Los Angeles, CA 90015, United States. Electronic address: andrewsh@herbalife.com.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Burdock Group, Orlando, FL 32814, United States. Electronic address: ldolan@burdockgroup.com.
authors.forename: Laurie C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Dolan
authors.affiliation: Science & International Affairs, Council for Responsible Nutrition, Washington, DC 20036, United States. Electronic address: jgriffiths@crnusa.org.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002392:Catechin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003257:Consumer Product Safety / Q000592:standards; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D059022:Food Safety; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D014975:Lutein / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014116:Toxicology / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations; D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; D014975:Lutein
keywords: Bioactives; DRIs; Dietary reference intakes; EGCG; Epigallocatechin gallate; Green tea; Lutein; Nutrient reference values; Nutrition; Tolerable upper intake levels