title: Clonal cytogenetic abnormalities are predictor in developing non-Hodgkin lymphomas?
abstract: Pathological analysis is the cornerstone for diagnosing malignant lymphoma. Status of cytogenetic abnormalities is frequently left unexamined if no evidence of malignancy is found in pathological analysis. In this study, we presented 3 cases in which clonal cytogenetic abnormalities were detected but morphological alterations of the same tissue did not support malignant non Hodgkin lymphoma at the first lymph node biopsy. Case 1 is a 55-year-old female with lymphadenopathy neoplastic process confirmed by flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Chromosome analysis revealed 47,XX,t(3;22)(q27;q11),+del(9)(p12)[16]/46,XX[4]. The pathological analysis of subsequent lymph node biopsy indicated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Case 2, a 74-year-old female, for whom the pathological analysis, molecular studies and flow cytometric analysis of the first lymph node biopsy found no evidence of clonal cell. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated a terminal deletion of chromosome 7 and 1, and the patient received a second lymph node biopsy and splenectomy. A pathological diagnosis of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) was made. In Case 3 who was a 66-year-old female with right cervical and axillary lymph node enlargement. Cytogenetic analysis showed clonal karyotypic abnormalities: 48,XX, t(14;18)(q32;q21) [13]/46, XY [7]. The diagnosis of follicular lymphoma was rendered by the second biopsy of axillary lymph node according to the analysis of morphology and immunohistochemistry. We propose that clonal cytogenetic abnormalities may be a high potential risk for developing non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Follow-up and rebiopsy must be performed in patients who are cytogenetically abnormal but morphologically benign.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Center for Evidence-based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiangyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Qinlu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Fankai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Lifang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China. Electronic address: cunrui5650@hust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunrui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002999:Clone Cells; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059785:Karyotype; D007621:Karyotyping; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013160:Splenic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
keywords: Cytogenetics; Lymph node; Lymph node pathology; Lymphoma