title: Factors Associated with the Size of HIV DNA Reservoir.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the recent literatures related to the factors associated with the size of the HIV reservoir and their clinical significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literatures related to the size of HIV DNA was collected from PubMed published from 1999 to June 2016.
  
  
  METHODS
  All relevant articles on the HIV DNA and reservoir were collected and reviewed, with no limitation of study design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The composition and development of the HIV-1 DNA reservoir in either treated or untreated patients is determined by integrated mechanism comprising viral characteristics, immune system, and treatment strategies. The HIV DNA reservoir is a combination of latency and activity. The residual viremia from the stochastic activation of the reservoir acts as the fuse, continuing to stimulate the immune system to maintain the activated microenvironment for the rebound of competent virus once treatment with antiretroviral therapy is discontinued.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The size of the HIV-1 DNA pool and its composition has great significance in clinical treatment and disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Ni-Dan
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Tai-Sheng
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral