title: [Use of vasopressors and inotropics in cardiogenic shock].
abstract: Vasoactive drugs and inotropic agents are important for the hemodynamic management of cardiogenic shock. In this article the use of different vasoactive and ionotropic drugs in cardiogenic shock is presented. Hemodynamic management during cardiogenic shock occurs after initial moderate volume delivery by dobutamine to increase inotropism. If adequate perfusion pressures are not achieved norepinephrine is administered. If a sufficient increase in cardiac performance can still not be achieved by the treatment, administration of levosimendan or phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors may be necessary. Levosimendan is superior to PDE inhibitors for patients in cardiogenic shock. The aim of hemodynamic management in cardiogenic shock is to allow the transient use of inotropics and vasopressors in the lowest necessary dose and only as long as necessary. The daily question is whether the dose can be reduced or in the case of deterioration whether the use of an extracorporeal circulatory support system should be considered. There are currently no available data on mortality that demonstrate the benefit of hemodynamic monitoring using target criteria. The advantage, however, results from the economic use of inotropics and vasopressors by certain target criteria.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II, Kardiologie, Angiologie, Internistische Intensivmedizin, St. Marien-Krankenhaus Siegen, Kampenstraße 51, 57072, Siegen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lemm
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II, Kardiologie, Angiologie, Internistische Intensivmedizin, St. Marien-Krankenhaus Siegen, Kampenstraße 51, 57072, Siegen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II, Kardiologie, Angiologie, Internistische Intensivmedizin, St. Marien-Krankenhaus Siegen, Kampenstraße 51, 57072, Siegen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Janusch
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II, Kardiologie, Angiologie, Internistische Intensivmedizin, St. Marien-Krankenhaus Siegen, Kampenstraße 51, 57072, Siegen, Deutschland. m.buerke@marienkrankenhaus.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buerke
mesh_terms: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D012770:Shock, Cardiogenic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents
keywords: Cardiogenic shock; Dobutamine; Hemodynamic monitoring; Levosimendan; Norepinephrine