title: Impact of DRD2/ANKK1 and COMT Polymorphisms on Attention and Cognitive Functions in Schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive deficits such as poor selective attention and executive functions decline have been reported in patients with schizophrenia. Many studies have emphasized the role of dopamine in regulating cognitive functions in the general population as well as in schizophrenia. However, the relationship between cognitive processes, schizophrenia and dopaminergic candidate genes is an original approach given interesting results. The purpose of the current exploratory study was to examine the interaction of dopaminergic genes (coding for dopamine receptor D2, DRD2, and for Catecholamine-O-Methyl-Transferase, COMT) with the diagnostic of schizophrenia in (i) the executive control of attention, (ii) selective attention, and (iii) executive functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We recruited 52 patients with schizophrenia and 53 healthy controls who performed the Stroop Color-Word Test, the Attention Network Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting test. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DRD2 gene (rs6275, rs6277, rs2242592 and rs1800497) and two SNPs in the COMT gene (rs4680 and rs165599) have been genotyped. Patients with schizophrenia performed significantly worse than controls in all cognitive performance, taking into account demographic variables. A significant gene by disease interaction was found for the Stroop interference (p = 0.002) for rs6275 of the DRD2 gene. The COMT Val/Val genotype and schizophrenia were associated with increased number of perseverative errors (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study, the DRD2 gene is involved in attention while the COMT gene is implicated in executive functions in patients with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France.|Pôle 1, Roger Prevot Hospital, Moisselles, France.|Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7515-3704
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nkam
authors.affiliation: INSERM U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France.|Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ramoz
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Breton
authors.affiliation: INSERM U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France.|AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France.|Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jasmina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mallet
authors.affiliation: INSERM U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France.|Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France.|Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gorwood
authors.affiliation: INSERM U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France.|AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France.|Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dubertret
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001288:Attention; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D057190:Stroop Test
chemical_list: C581293:DRD2 protein, human; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; C588010:COMT protein, human; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase; C489948:ANKK1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases