title: Simplifying Nanowire Hall Effect Characterization by Using a Three-Probe Device Design.
abstract: Electrical characterization of nanowires is a time-consuming and challenging task due to the complexity of single nanowire device fabrication and the difficulty in interpreting the measurements. We present a method to measure Hall effect in nanowires using a three-probe device that is simpler to fabricate than previous four-probe nanowire Hall devices and allows characterization of nanowires with smaller diameter. Extraction of charge carrier concentration from the three-probe measurements using an analytical model is discussed and compared to simulations. The validity of the method is experimentally verified by a comparison between results obtained with the three-probe method and results obtained using four-probe nanowire Hall measurements. In addition, a nanowire with a diameter of only 65 nm is characterized to demonstrate the capabilities of the method. The three-probe Hall effect method offers a relatively fast and simple, yet accurate way to quantify the charge carrier concentration in nanowires and has the potential to become a standard characterization technique for nanowires.
authors.affiliation: Division of Solid State Physics, Lund University , P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Olof
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7142-4666
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hultin
authors.affiliation: Division of Solid State Physics, Lund University , P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gaute
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4241-5234
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Otnes
authors.affiliation: Division of Solid State Physics, Lund University , P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Samuelson
authors.affiliation: Acreo Swedish ICT AB , Beta 2, Scheelev. 17, SE-223 70 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Storm
keywords: Hall effect; Nanowire; doping; electrical characterization