title: Ethnic variation in primary idiopathic macular hole surgery.
abstract: PurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate the role of ethnicity on idiopathic macular holes (IMH) structure and surgical outcome. This was a retrospective review.Patients and methodsConsecutive patients undergoing primary IMH surgery at two surgical sites of Moorfields Eye Hospital (London, UK) between April 2012 and June 2013. The main outcome measure was post surgical anatomical closure of IMH.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty two primary IMH surgeries were undertaken. A standard procedure including pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, and gas tamponade was undertaken for all cases. 61.3% of patients were Caucasian, 21.2% were South Asian, and 16% were Afro-Caribbean. The mean minimum linear diameter (MLD) for our cohort was 434.6 mcm. Mean MLD was 395.3 mcm in Caucasian patients, 490.0 mcm in South Asians (P=0.006), and 491.4 mcm in Afro-Caribbeans (P=0.007). Regression analysis demonstrated that MLD and Afro-Caribbean ethnicity were independent significant risk factors for surgical failure (OR: 1.01, P<0.001 and OR: 5.73, P=0.008, respectively).ConclusionSouth Asian and Afro-Caribbean patients present with larger IMH than Caucasians. In addition to IMH diameter, Afro-Caribbean ethnicity is an independent risk factor for surgical failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Southend University Hospital Foundation Trust, Essex, UK.|Vitreoretinal Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.affiliation: Vitreoretinal Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Vitreoretinal Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mitry
authors.affiliation: Vitreoretinal Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.affiliation: Vitreoretinal Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flayeh
authors.affiliation: Vitreoretinal Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Negretti
authors.affiliation: Vitreoretinal Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Vitreoretinal Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wickham
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000208:ethnology*; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014821:Vitrectomy