title: Freezing-induced self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules.
abstract: The self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules usually takes place in a liquid phase, near room temperature. Here, using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments performed in real time, we show that freezing of aqueous solutions of copolymer amphiphilic molecules can induce self-assembly below 0 °C.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91 400, Orsay, France. marianne.imperor@u-psud.fr.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Albouy
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR3080, CNRS/Saint-Gobain, 550 Av. Alphonse Jauffret, 84306 Cavaillon Cedex, France. Michaela.Klotz@saint-gobain.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deville
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91 400, Orsay, France. marianne.imperor@u-psud.fr and Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fulkar
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR3080, CNRS/Saint-Gobain, 550 Av. Alphonse Jauffret, 84306 Cavaillon Cedex, France. Michaela.Klotz@saint-gobain.com.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hakouk
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91 400, Orsay, France. marianne.imperor@u-psud.fr.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Impéror-Clerc
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR3080, CNRS/Saint-Gobain, 550 Av. Alphonse Jauffret, 84306 Cavaillon Cedex, France. Michaela.Klotz@saint-gobain.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9777-4912
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klotz
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91 400, Orsay, France. marianne.imperor@u-psud.fr.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR3080, CNRS/Saint-Gobain, 550 Av. Alphonse Jauffret, 84306 Cavaillon Cedex, France. Michaela.Klotz@saint-gobain.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-5611
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marcellini
authors.affiliation: SWING beamline, Synchrotron Soleil, BP 48, 91 192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perez