title: Cancer of the gallbladder-Chilean statistics.
abstract: Chile has the world's highest rate of incidence as well as death from cancer of the gallbladder and biliary ducts. The problem is most acute in the southern provinces. These areas constitute the low average income associated with low educational attainment and a high rate of obesity compared with the rest of Chile. We could also include genetic factors related to processes of lithogenesis to these elements which are more common among the Mapuche. This population sub-group could benefit from special government programmes for early diagnosis and treatment of lithiasic disease and for the management of risk factors such as obesity. In this way, we could reduce the mortality rate of gallbladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Arturo Lopez Foundation, Institute of Oncology, Chile Av Rancagua 878, Providencia, Santiago, 7500921, Chile.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Villanueva
keywords: Chile; Mapuche; biliary tract; cholelithiasis; education; epidemiology; ethnicity; gallbladder; income; obesity; socioeconomy