title: Sub-Clinical Cognitive Decline and Resting Cerebral Blood Flow in Middle Aged Men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although dementia is associated with both global and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes, little is known about cerebral perfusion in the early pre-clinical stages of cognitive decline preceding overt cognitive dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of early sub-clinical cognitive decline with CBF.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study participants were recruited from a cohort of Danish men born in 1953. Based on a regression model we selected men who performed better (Group A, n = 94) and poorer (Group B, n = 95) on cognitive testing at age 57 than expected from testing at age 20. Participants underwent supplementary cognitive testing, blood sampling and MRI including measurements of regional and global CBF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regional CBF was lower in group B than in group A in the posterior cingulate gyrus and the precuneus. The associations were attenuated when corrected for global atrophy, but remained significant in regions of interest based analysis adjusting for regional gray matter volume and vascular risk factors. No influence of group on global CBF was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that early sub-clinical cognitive decline is associated with reduced perfusion in the precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus independently of regional atrophy and vascular risk factors, but cannot be statistically separated from an association with global atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Functional Imaging Unit, Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.|Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Otto Mølby
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Henriksen
authors.affiliation: Functional Imaging Unit, Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.|Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Dept. of Clin. Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Naja Liv
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Research Center for Prevention and Health, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Merete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osler
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Dept. of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Erik Lykke
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Dorte Merete
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hallam
authors.affiliation: Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
authors.forename: Esben Thade
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.|Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chappell
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Dept. of Neuroscience & Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Denmark.|Dept. of Clinical Neurophysiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Martin Johannes
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lauritzen
authors.affiliation: Functional Imaging Unit, Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.|Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Egill
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rostrup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult