title: Suppression of Graft Spasm by the Particulate Guanylyl Cyclase Activator in Coronary Bypass Surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spasm of arterial grafts is still a clinical problem in coronary artery bypass surgery. The present study was designed to examine the effect of particulate guanylyl cyclase activator (carperitide) as an antispastic agent in internal thoracic artery and gastroepiploic artery grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolated arterial grafts taken during surgery were studied in organ bath in three ways: the relaxing effect of carperitide on vasoconstrictor-induced precontraction; the inhibitory effect of pretreatment with carperitide on subsequent vasoconstrictor-induced contraction; and the effect of carperitide and nitroglycerin on increase of intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Carperitide produced a concentration-related, endothelium-independent relaxation contracted with potassium chloride, phenylephrine, prostaglandin F2α, or endothelin-1. Carperitide showed significantly higher potency and efficacy than nitroglycerin and nifedipine. Pretreatment with carperitide significantly attenuated the subsequent vasoconstrictor-induced contraction. Carperitide produced more cyclic guanosine monophosphate than nitroglycerin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carperitide has a potent inhibitory effect on the vasoconstriction mediated by different vasoconstrictors in human internal thoracic artery and gastroepiploic artery grafts. The use of carperitide in patients during and after coronary artery bypass surgery is favored for the prevention and reversal of graft spasm.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Japan. Electronic address: kinotake@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aimi
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
mesh_terms: D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000637:transplantation; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C472955:NPPA protein, human; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase