title: Distributions and ecological risk assessment of estrogens and bisphenol A in an arid and semiarid area in northwest China.
abstract: Free estrogens (estrone, E1; 17β-estradiol, 17β-E2; estriol, E3; and 17α-ethinylestradiol, EE2), their corresponding sulfate and glucuronide conjugates, and bisphenol A (BPA) were investigated in water and sediments in the Fen River catchment, an arid and semiarid area in northwest China. E1 and BPA were frequently detected in the wet and dry sampling seasons. In addition to the sulfate conjugates, other conjugated estrogens were not detected in water and sediments. The concentrations of these compounds in water generally increased from upstream to downstream. The concentrations in water samples of most sites were higher in the wet season than those in the dry season, but concentrations in sediments of most sites were higher in the dry season than those in the wet season. The distributions of these compounds in sediments were positively correlated with the total organic carbon (TOC) contents of sediments (0.3 < R2< 0.6, p < 0.01) and concentrations in water (0.25 < R2< 0.50, p < 0.01). In this catchment, E1 was the main contributor to endocrine disrupting risk. The surface water in most of the tributaries and the sewage in the drainage channels were at risk. The pore waters of sediments were at risk at most sampling sites.
authors.affiliation: Hefei University of Technology (Xuancheng Campus), Xuancheng, Anhui, 242000, China.|State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China. shijh@sustc.edu.cn.|School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China. shijh@sustc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianghong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster (Ministry of Education), Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
authors.forename: Yaobin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Xinmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
authors.forename: Mengtao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004967:Estrogens; D010636:Phenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Conjugate; Dilution effect; Endocrine disrupting risk; Estradiol equivalent; Fen River catchment