title: Integration of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the era of precision medicine.
abstract: Precision medicine has received growing recognition from clinicians, health systems, and the pharmaceutical industry, as well as patients and policymakers, which will leave a major impact on the practice of medicine. Interestingly, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides personalized medical treatment based on the theory of TCM characterized by holistic concept and pattern differentiation. This, to some extent, is similar to the personalized medical treatment of precision medicine. In China, TCM as well as Western medicine (WM) plays an important role in healthcare. In this article, the authors summarized the influence of precision medicine on current medical directions, the advantages of TCM in disease treatment, further development of precision medicine and the strategies for integration of TCM and WM under this new treatment approach. In addition, the authors discuss the perspective of precise medical diagnosis and treatment, precise prevention, and the complementary advantages of the integration of TCM and WM. Finally, the authors give their perspectives on the challenges and opportunities presented by precision medicine, in the context of further research toward the integration of TCM and WM.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.|Clinical Research Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jian
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.|Yueyang Hospital of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D006801:Humans; D055048:Integrative Medicine; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D057285:Precision Medicine