title: Urinary 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA) concentrations in dogs with acute spinal cord injury due to intervertebral disc herniation.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate urinary 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA), a metabolite of acrolein, as a novel biomarker in acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) due to intervertebral disc herniation in dogs. Urine from 10 client-owned dogs with ASCI collected at presentation and 10 control dogs was analyzed for 3-HPMA. The median urinary 3-HPMA concentration in ASCI dogs was significantly higher than in control dogs, but was not correlated with the severity of ASCI. The median urinary 3-HPMA concentration in intact dogs was higher than in neutered dogs. Higher urinary 3-HPMA concentrations in dogs after ASCI support a role for acrolein, a cytotoxic by-product of lipid peroxidation, in canine ASCI. Urinary 3-HPMA could be used as a biomarker in future clinical trials to measure the effect of therapeutic intervention of reducing acrolein after ASCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47909, USA; Department of Veterinary Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47909, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sangster
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47909, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47909, USA.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47909, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 408 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Electronic address: riyi@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47909, USA; Department of Veterinary Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47909, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Packer
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D004285:Dogs / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C001423:S-(3-hydroxypropyl)cysteine N-acetate; D000111:Acetylcysteine
keywords: 3-Hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid; Acrolein; Canine acute spinal cord injury; Intervertebral disc herniation; Lipid peroxidation