title: Development and validation of the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale - Brazilian version.
abstract: This article aims to describe the adaptation and translation process of the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) and its reduced version, the Bush-Francis Catatonia Screening Instrument (BFCSI) for Brazilian Portuguese, as well as its validation.
  Semantic equivalence processes included four steps: translation, back translation, evaluation of semantic equivalence and a pilot-study. Validation consisted of simultaneous applications of the instrument in Portuguese by two examiners in 30 catatonic and 30 non-catatonic patients.
  Total scores averaged 20.07 for the complete scale and 7.80 for its reduced version among catatonic patients, compared with 0.47 and 0.20 among non-catatonic patients, respectively. Overall values of inter-rater reliability of the instruments were 0.97 for the BFCSI and 0.96 for the BFCRS.
  The scale's version in Portuguese proved to be valid and was able to distinguish between catatonic and non-catatonic patients. It was also reliable, with inter-evaluator reliability indexes as high as those of the original instrument.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Letícia Santos
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psicologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filgueiras
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte MG, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nicolato
authors.affiliation: Hospital da Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte MG, Brasil.
authors.forename: Jussara Mendonça
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alvarenga
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Luciana Angélica Silva
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rafael Assis da
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.|Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Elie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cheniaux
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002389:Catatonia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D006801:Humans; D011594:Psychometrics; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations