title: Characterization of human and Staphylococcus aureus proteins in respiratory mucosa by in vivo- and immunoproteomics.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive opportunistic bacterium which can be found as a commensal in the nares of about 50% of the human population. Besides asymptomatic carriage, S. aureus has also been found to colonize nasal polyps, a subform of chronic rhinosinusitis, in 60 to 100% of cases, and even reside intracellularly in nasal polyp tissue. The aim of this study was to shed light on the behavior of S. aureus in the human airways by analyzing S. aureus-specific proteins in nasal polyp tissue from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and to characterize the immunogenic potential of the identified (mainly secreted) proteins. As a result, in total >600 S. aureus proteins were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry or multiple reaction monitoring. Of those roughly 180 are typically localized in the membrane, surface exposed or secreted. For 115 S. aureus proteins, partially also detected in vivo by mass spectrometry, IgA- and IgG-specific antibody signals were profiled. Strong antibody signals were predominantly found for surface expose or secreted proteins.
  
  
  
  In this study, we used high resolution mass spectrometry to identify S. aureus proteins directly in infected nasal polyp tissue. We discovered bacterial proteins involved in invasion of tissue, virulence, bacterial signal transduction or acquisition of nutrients. Some of the detected superantigens and Spls are known to provoke secretion of a broad spectrum of cytokines. Therefore, our manuscript contains new information about the invasion of S. aureus in nasal polyp tissue and its protein-specific immunogenicity.
authors.affiliation: ZIK-FunGene, Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Nandakumar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sundaramoorthy
authors.affiliation: Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michalik
authors.affiliation: Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Surmann
authors.affiliation: Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Depke
authors.affiliation: Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Vishnu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dhople
authors.affiliation: Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gesell Salazar
authors.affiliation: Upper Airways Research Laboratory, ENT-Department, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Holtappels
authors.affiliation: Upper Airways Research Laboratory, ENT-Department, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Barbara M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Bröker
authors.affiliation: Upper Airways Research Laboratory, ENT-Department, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium; Division of ENT Diseases, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bachert
authors.affiliation: ZIK-FunGene, Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Department Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. Electronic address: voelker@uni-greifswald.de.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Völker
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000737:chemistry; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D040901:Proteomics; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: Immunoproteomics; In vivo proteomics; Mass spectrometry; Nasal polyps; S. aureus isolates; Suspension array technology