title: Brain Barrier Breakdown as a Cause and Consequence of Neuroinflammation in Sepsis.
abstract: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) are important for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. During sepsis, peripheral production of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species are responsible for structural alterations in those brain barriers. Thus, an increasing permeability of these barriers can lead to the activation of glial cells such as microglia and the production of cytotoxic mediators which in turn act on the brain barriers, damaging them further. Thereby, in this review, we try to highlight how the brain barrier's permeability is not only a cause but a consequence of brain injury in sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neurobiologia de Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucineia Gainski
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Danielski
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neurobiologia de Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda Della
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Giustina
authors.affiliation: Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Marwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Badawy
authors.affiliation: Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.|Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.|Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.|Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barichello
authors.affiliation: Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.|Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.|Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.|Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quevedo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dal-Pizzol
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neurobiologia de Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil. fabricia.petronilho@unisul.br.
authors.forename: Fabrícia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petronilho
mesh_terms: D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010539:Permeability; D018805:Sepsis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Blood brain barrier; Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier; Microglial activation; Neuroinflammation; Sepsis