title: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its associated factors in children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
abstract: The objective of the study was to describe the baseline health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and analyze its associated clinical and sociodemographic factors, assessing HRQOL through internet.
  
  
  
  This was a descriptive study of 136 patients with T1DM from 5 hospitals in Catalonia, Spain (72 girls, mean age 13.4 years (range 8-19). Inclusion criteria were more than 6 months from diagnosis, more than 8 years old and without cognitive problems. Sociodemographic (age, sex, family level of education, type of family and origin) and clinical variables (type of insulin therapy, duration of disease, adherence to treatment, body mass index and HbA1c) were collected. HRQOL was assessed using the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D-Y) and KIDSCREEN, collected via web. Mental health status was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multiple linear regression models were adjusted.
  
  
  
  Physical-well-being mean scores were lower (worse) than the European average (<50) and especially in girls, older children (>11 years old), those from single-parent families, and those with low adherence. Older children and patients with poor metabolic control (HbA1c >7,5% [58 mmol/mol]) showed worse scores in the KIDSCREEN-10 index. Similar results were observed with the EQ-5D-Y. Multivariate models showed that age, single-parent families, adherence and mental health were the most influential factors.
  
  
  
  Diabetic patients report similar HRQOL than the population of the same age with slightly worse physical well-being. The study shows some factors to be taken into account to improve HRQOL, and also the feasibility of using web to collect information in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain.|Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murillo
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain.|Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Endocrine, Hospital of Sabadell, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Parc Taulí s/n 08208 Sabadell, University Institute Parc Taulí-UAB, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Campus d'Excelència Internacional, Sabadell, Spain.
authors.forename: Jacobo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Endocrine, Hospital of Sabadell, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Parc Taulí s/n 08208 Sabadell, University Institute Parc Taulí-UAB, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Campus d'Excelència Internacional, Sabadell, Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corripio
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, c/Sant Quintí 89, 08026, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carreras
authors.affiliation: Corporació de Salut del Maresme i la Selva, Sant Jaume, 209-217, 08370, Calella, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.affiliation: Corporació de Salut del Maresme i la Selva, Sant Jaume, 209-217, 08370, Calella, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep-Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mengibar
authors.affiliation: Catalan Agency for Health Quality and Assessment, Roc Boronat 81-95, 08005, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Dolors
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Arjona
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistr, 52 (W29), 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ravens-Sieberer
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3075 EA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Raat
authors.affiliation: Catalan Agency for Health Quality and Assessment, Roc Boronat 81-95, 08005, Barcelona, Spain. lrajmil@imim.es.|IMIM Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research, Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. lrajmil@imim.es.|Centro de Investigación Epidemiológica en Red (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain. lrajmil@imim.es.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rajmil
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D011788:Quality of Life; D013030:Spain; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adolescents; Children; Health-related quality of life; Pediatric; Type 1 diabetes