title: Characterization of the Effect of Drug-Drug Interaction on Protein Binding in Concurrent Administration of Sulfamethoxazol and Diclofenac Sodium Using Bovine Serum Albumin.
abstract: Purpose:This project was aimed to determine the effect of concurrent administration of sulfamethoxazole and diclofenac sodium.Methods:Equilibrium dialysis method was adopted to study different protein binding aspects of sulfamethoxazole and diclofenac sodium.Results:Sulfamethoxazole showed two types of association constants; high affinity constant 29.0±0.20×106M-1with lower number of binding sites of 0.7±1 and low affinity constant 1.13±0.20×106M-1with higher number of binding sites of 3.45±1 at pH 7.4 and 40 °C temperature. Diclofenac sodium showed high affinity constant 33.66±0.20×106M-1with lower number of binding sites of 1.01±1 and low affinity constant 1.72±0.20×106M-1with higher number of binding sites of 6.40±1 at the same condition. Site specific probe displacement data implied that site-I, warfarin sodium site, was the high affinity site, while site-II, diazepam site, was the low affinity site for these drugs. During concurrent administration, sulfamethoxazole increased the free concentration of diclofenac sodium from 17.5±0.14% to 70.0±0.014% in absence and from 22.5±0.07% to 83.0±0.014% in presence of site-I specific probe. Diclofenac sodium also increased the free concentration of sulfamethoxazole from 2.8±0.07% to 52.0±0.14% and from 8.5±0.014% to 64.4±0.07% in absence and presence of site-I specific probe respectively.Conclusion:The study revealed that the concurrent administration of sulfamethoxazole and diclofenac sodium may result drug concentration alteration in blood.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh. ; Opsonin Pharma Limited, 30, New Eskaton Road, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Kamal
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh. ; Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW- 2480, Australia.
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khatun
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh. ; Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW- 2480, Australia.
authors.forename: Mahmudur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Nahid
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Akter
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Sadia Afreen
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh. ; Chancery, High Commission for the People's Republic of Bangladesh, London.
authors.forename: Sm Mahbubul
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Alam
keywords: Bovine serum albumin; Diazepam; Diclofenac sodium; Equilibrium dialysis; Sulfamethoxazole; Warfarin sodium