title: Stem cell therapy: An emerging modality in glomerular diseases.
abstract: The kidney has been considered a highly terminally differentiated organ with low proliferative potential and thus unlikely to undergo regeneration. Glomerular disease progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which requires dialysis or renal transplantation for better quality of life for patients with ESRD. Because of the shortage of implantable kidneys and complications such as immune rejection, septicemia and toxicity of immunosuppression, kidney transplantation remains a challenge. Therapeutic options available for glomerular disease include symptomatic treatment and strategies to delay progression. In an attempt to develop innovative treatments by promoting the limited capability of regeneration and repair after kidney injury and overcome the progressive pathological process that is uncontrolled with conventional treatment modalities, stem cell-based therapy has emerged as novel intervention due to its ability to inhibit inflammation and promote regeneration. Recent developments in cell therapy have demonstrated promising therapeutic outcomes in terms of restoration of renal structure and function. This review focuses on stem cell therapy approaches for the treatment of glomerular disease, including the various cell sources used and recent advances in preclinical and clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC)-Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: umangpaedia@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Umang G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Thakkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC)-Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC)-Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Aruna V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Vanikar
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC)-Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC)-Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Hargovind L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Trivedi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012038:Regeneration; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000639:trends*
keywords: adult stem cells; embryonic stem cells; end stage renal disease; glomerular disease; regeneration; stem cell therapy