title: Caloric restriction improves health and survival of rhesus monkeys.
abstract: Caloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition extends lifespan and delays the onset of age-related disorders in most species but its impact in nonhuman primates has been controversial. In the late 1980s two parallel studies were initiated to determine the effect of CR in rhesus monkeys. The University of Wisconsin study reported a significant positive impact of CR on survival, but the National Institute on Aging study detected no significant survival effect. Here we present a direct comparison of longitudinal data from both studies including survival, bodyweight, food intake, fasting glucose levels and age-related morbidity. We describe differences in study design that could contribute to differences in outcomes, and we report species specificity in the impact of CR in terms of optimal onset and diet. Taken together these data confirm that health benefits of CR are conserved in monkeys and suggest that CR mechanisms are likely translatable to human health.
authors.affiliation: Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mattison
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA.
authors.forename: Ricki J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Colman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, Alabama 35233, USA.
authors.forename: T Mark
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Beasley
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA.|Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kemnitz
authors.affiliation: GeroScience, Pylesville, Maryland 21323, USA.
authors.forename: George S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA.
authors.forename: Donald K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA.|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weindruch
authors.affiliation: Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3354-2442
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Cabo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA.|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Rozalyn M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D008136:Longevity; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male