title: Community pharmacy-based point-of-care testing: A case study of pharmacist-physician collaborative working relationships.
abstract: Building collaborative working relationships (CWRs) with physicians or other prescribers is an important step for community pharmacists in establishing a collaborative practice agreement (CPA). This case study describes the individual, context, and exchange factors that drive pharmacist-physician CWR development for community pharmacy-based point-of-care (POC) testing. Two physicians who had entered in a CPA with community pharmacists to provide POC testing were surveyed and interviewed. High scores on the pharmacist-physician collaborative index indicated a high level of collaboration between the physicians and the pharmacist who initiated the relationship. Trust was established through the physicians' personal relationships with the pharmacist or due to the community pharmacy organization's strong reputation. The physicians' individual perceptions of community pharmacy-based POC testing affected their CWRs and willingness to establish a CPA. These findings suggest that exchange characteristics remain significant factors in CWR development. Individual factors may also contribute to physicians' willingness to advance their CWR to include a CPA for POC testing.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Pharmacy, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357630, Seattle, WA 98195-7630, USA. Electronic address: jbacci@uw.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bacci
authors.affiliation: University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Pharmacy, 986145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6145, USA.
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Klepser
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Pharmacy, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357630, Seattle, WA 98195-7630, USA.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tilley
authors.affiliation: University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Pharmacy, 986145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6145, USA.
authors.forename: Jaclyn K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Ferris State University, College of Pharmacy, 1000 Oakland Dr., Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Klepser
mesh_terms: D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010820:Physicians / Q000458:organization & administration*; D000067716:Point-of-Care Testing / Q000458:organization & administration; D024382:Professional Role
keywords: Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments; Collaborative practice agreements; Collaborative working relationship; Community pharmacy services; Point-of-care testing