title: Role of platelet gel embedded within gelatin scaffold on healing of experimentally induced critical-sized radial bone defects in rats.
abstract: We investigated the role of human platelet gel (PG) embedded within gelatin (Gel) scaffold on healing of critical-sized radial bone defects in rats.
  
  
  
  Twenty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five equal groups. In each animal, critical-sized 5-mm bone defects were created in the radial bones of both forelimbs (n = 10/group). The defects were then either left untreated or filled with autograft, Gel, PG or Gel-PG. Before euthanasia, the healing defects were evaluated radiologically and clinically. The animals were euthanized after eight weeks and their radial bones evaluated by radiography, computed tomography (CT) scan, histology, biomechanical testing and ultrastructural evaluations.
  
  
  
  PG implantation significantly increased cellular differentiation, osteoblastic proliferation and consequently new bone formation so that those defects treated with PG showed superior structural and biomechanical properties to the Gel and PG-Gel-treated defects. The PG-treated defects had radiological, morphological and mechanical properties closely comparable with those of the autograft group. In contrast, in the PG-Gel group, Gel significantly reduced the beneficial effects of PG on bone healing.
  
  
  
  Human PG had beneficial effects on bone regeneration, while combination of PG and Gel had no remarkable beneficial effect. Therefore, PG when used alone can be regarded as a promising osteoinductive and osteoconductive option in bone tissue engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Soodeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alidadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Oryan1215@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oryan
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bigham-Sadegh
authors.affiliation: Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moshiri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000502:physiology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005782:Gels / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011884:Radius / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D005780:Gelatin
keywords: Bone healing; Gelatin; Long-bone defects; Platelet gel; Platelet-rich plasma; Regeneration