title: Method development for detecting the novel cyanide antidote dimethyl trisulfide from blood and brain, and its interaction with blood.
abstract: The antidotal potency of dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) against cyanide poisoning was discovered and investigated in our previous studies. Based on our results it has better efficacy than the Cyanokit and the Nithiodote therapies that are presently used against cyanide intoxication in the US. Because of their absence in the literature, the goal of this work was to develop analytical methods for determining DMTS from blood and brain that could be employed in future pharmacokinetic studies. An HPLC-UV method for detection of DMTS from blood, a GC-MS method for detection of DMTS from brain, and associated validation experiments are described here. These analytical methods were developed using in vitro spiking of brain and blood, and are suitable for determining the in vivo DMTS concentrations in blood and brain in future pharmacokinetic and distribution studies. An important phenomenon was observed in the process of developing these methods. Specifically, recoveries from fresh blood spiked with DMTS were found to be significantly lower than recoveries from aged blood spiked in the same manner with DMTS. This decreased DMTS recovery from fresh blood is important, both because of the role it may play in the antidotal action of DMTS in the presence of cyanide, and because it adds the requirement of sample stabilization to the method development process. Mitigation procedures for stabilizing DMTS samples in blood are reported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Lóránd
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Secondra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Ching-En
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Xinmei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Brooke
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mendenhall
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coronado
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Deepthika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Silva
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, 2900 Rickets Point Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA.
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rockwood
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petrikovics
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2117, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA. Electronic address: david.thompson@shsu.edu.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D013440:Sulfides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D013440:Sulfides; C054170:dimethyl trisulfide
keywords: Dibuthyl disulfide; Dimethyl disulfide; Dimethyl trisulfide; GC–MS; HPLC; SPME