title: Bottom-up synthesis of nitrogen-doped porous carbon scaffolds for lithium and sodium storage.
abstract: Here we report an effective bottom-up solution-phase process for the preparation of nitrogen-doped porous carbon scaffolds (NPCSs), which can be employed as high-performance anode materials for both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The as-obtained NPCSs show favorable features for electrochemical energy storage such as high specific surface area, appropriate pore size distribution (3.9 nm in average), large pore volume (1.36 cm3g-1), nanosheet-like morphology, a certain degree of graphitization, enlarged interlayer distance (0.38 nm), high content of nitrogen (∼5.6 at%) and abundant electrochemically-active sites. Such a unique architecture provides efficient Li+/Na+reservoirs, and also possesses smooth electron transport pathways and electrolyte access. For LIBs, the anodes based on NPCSs deliver a high reversible capacity of 1275 mA h g-1after 250 cycles at 0.5 C (1 C = 372 mA g-1), and outstanding cycling stabilities with a capacity of 518 mA h g-1after 500 cycles at 5 C and 310 mA h g-1after 1500 cycles even at 10 C. For SIBs, the anodes based on NPCSs display a reversible capacity of 257 mA h g-1at 50 mA g-1, and superior long-term cycling performance with a capacity of 191 mA h g-1after 1000 cycles at 200 mA g-1.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Hongling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Renpeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Xiaoqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Yanrong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Lianbo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Guoyin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu and College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China.
authors.forename: Zuoxiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8860-8579
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. zhongjin@nju.edu.cn j.liu@duke.edu and Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu