title: Chronic Conditions and Health Care Needs of Adolescents Born at 23 to 25 Weeks' Gestation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined chronic conditions, functional limitations, and special health care needs in extremely preterm children (EPT; 23-25 weeks' gestation) born between 1992 and 1998 at 2 Swedish tertiary care centers that offered regional and active perinatal care to all live-born EPT infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 134 surviving EPT children, 132 (98%) were assessed at 10 to 15 years of age alongside 103 term-born controls. Identification of children with functional limitations and special health care needs was based on a questionnaire administered to parents. Categorization of medical diagnoses and developmental disabilities was based on child examinations, medical record reviews, and parent questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In logistic regression analyses adjusting for social risk factors and sex, the EPT children had significantly more chronic conditions than the term-born controls, including functional limitations (64% vs 6%; odds ratio [OR], 15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1-37.2; P < .001), compensatory dependency needs (60% vs 29%; OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 2.2-6.6; P < .001), and services above those routinely required by children (64% vs 25%; OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 3.0-9.6; P < .001). Specific diagnoses and disabilities for the EPT group versus controls included cerebral palsy (9.1% vs 0%; P < .001), asthma (21.2% vs 6.8%; P = 001), IQ < -2 SD (31.1% vs 4.9%; P < .001), poor motor skills without neurosensory impairment (21.9% vs 1.9%; P < .001), and psychiatric conditions (15.2% vs 1.9%; P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescents born EPT have considerable long-term health and educational needs. Few had severe impairments that curtailed major activities of daily life.
authors.affiliation: Units of Pediatrics and.
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holsti
authors.affiliation: Units of Pediatrics and.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamsson
authors.affiliation: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden; and.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hägglöf
authors.affiliation: Units of Pediatrics and aijaz.farooqi@umu.se.
authors.forename: Aijaz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farooqi
authors.affiliation: Units of Pediatrics and.|Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Serenius
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification; D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019988:Children with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D052577:Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D013548:Sweden; D014600:Utilization Review / Q000706:statistics & numerical data