title: Determination of the Geographical Origin of All Commercial Hake Species by Stable Isotope Ratio (SIR) Analysis.
abstract: The determination of the geographical origin of food products is relevant to comply with the legal regulations of traceability, to avoid food fraud, and to guarantee food quality and safety to the consumers. For these reasons, stable isotope ratio (SIR) analysis using an isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) instrument is one of the most useful techniques for evaluating food traceability and authenticity. The present study was aimed to determine, for the first time, the geographical origin for all commercial fish species belonging to the Merlucciidae family using SIR analysis of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). The specific results enabled their clear classification according to the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) fishing areas, latitude, and geographical origin in the following six different clusters: European, North African, South African, North American, South American, and Australian hake species.
authors.affiliation: Marine Research Institute (IIM) , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2973-449X
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrera
authors.affiliation: Marine Research Institute (IIM) , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gallardo
mesh_terms: D000569:Americas; D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005060:Europe; D048388:Gadiformes / Q000145:classification*; D005843:Geography; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification / Q000191:economics
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes
keywords: Merlucciidae; SIR; fish; geographical origin; stable isotope ratio; traceability; δ13C; δ15N