title: Mass Potentials Recorded at the Round Window Enable the Detection of Low Spontaneous Rate Fibers in Gerbil Auditory Nerve.
abstract: Auditory nerve fibers (ANFs) transmit acoustic information from the sensory hair cells to the cochlear nuclei. In experimental and clinical audiology, probing the whole ANF population remains a difficult task, as the ANFs differ greatly in their threshold and onset response to sound. Thus, low spontaneous rate (SR) fibers, which have rather higher thresholds, delay and larger jitter in their first spike latency are not detectable in the far-field compound action potential of the auditory nerve. Here, we developed a new protocol of acoustic stimulation together with electrophysiological signal processing to track the steady state activity of ANFs. Mass potentials at the round window were recorded in response to repetitive 300-ms bursts of 1/3 octave band noise centered on a frequency probe. Analysis was assessed during the last 200-ms of the response to capture the steady-state response of ANFs. To eliminate the microphonic component reflecting the sensory cells activity, repetitive pairs of sounds of opposite polarities were used. The spectral analysis was calculated on the average of two consecutive responses, and the neural gain was calculated by dividing point-by-point the spectrum to sound over unstimulated condition. In response to low-sound-level stimulation, neural gain predominated in the low-frequency cochlear regions, while a second component of responses centered on higher cochlear frequency regions appeared beyond 30 dB SPL. At 60 dB SPL, neural gain showed a bimodal shape, with a notch near 5.6 kHz. In addition to correlate with the functional mapping of ANFs along the tonotopic axis, the deletion of low-SR fibers leads to a reduction in the high-frequency response, where the low-SR fibers are preferentially located. Thus, mass potentials at the round window may provide a useful tool to probe the SR-based distribution of ANFs in humans and in other species in which direct single-unit recordings are difficult to achieve or not feasible.
authors.affiliation: INSERM-UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.|University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Charlène
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Batrel
authors.affiliation: INSERM-UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.|University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huet
authors.affiliation: INSERM-UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.|University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hasselmann
authors.affiliation: INSERM-UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.|University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: INSERM-UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.|University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Desmadryl
authors.affiliation: INSERM-UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.|University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Régis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nouvian
authors.affiliation: INSERM-UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.|University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Puel
authors.affiliation: INSERM-UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.|University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bourien
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000502:physiology*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005849:Gerbillinae; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000502:physiology*; D012405:Round Window, Ear / Q000502:physiology*