title: Sulfated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides markedly attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage cells and mice.
abstract: Natural polysaccharides and their modified derivatives are crucial supplements to the prevention of inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sulfated modification on the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides (CP). A sulfated CP, S-CP1-4was obtained using chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method. The chemical components and FT-IR spectrum confirmed that sulfated group was synthesized to the polysaccharide chains successfully. S-CP1-4was found to inhibit nitric oxide production, phagocytic activity and the release of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage cells, RAW 264.7. S-CP1-4significantly decreased the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α and the thymus and spleen indexes, and increased the production of IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. S-CP1-4could better protect the liver by inhibiting the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde level while increasing the superoxide dismutase activity and total anti-oxidative capacity. These results suggested that S-CP1-4may be an effective anti-inflammatory agent, and sulfated modification may be a reliable method for the development of food supplements.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Yujiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Shengnan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Mingyue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Mingyong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D029525:Juglandaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014781:Viscera / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013431:Sulfates; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase