title: Immunobiology of Ebola and Lassa virus infections.
abstract: Two of the most important contemporary emerging viruses that affect human health in Africa are Ebola virus (EBOV) and Lassa virus (LASV). The 2013-2016 West African outbreak of EBOV was responsible for more than 11,000 deaths, primarily in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. LASV is constantly emerging in these and surrounding West African countries, with an estimate of more than 500,000 cases of Lassa fever, and approximately 5,000 deaths, annually. Both EBOV and LASV are zoonotic, and human infection often results in a severe haemorrhagic fever in both cases. However, the contribution of specific immune responses to disease differs between EBOV and LASV. This Review examines innate and adaptive immune responses to these viruses with the goal of delineating responses that are associated with protective versus pathogenic outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. Fourth Street, Hamilton, Montana 59840, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Prescott
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. Fourth Street, Hamilton, Montana 59840, USA.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marzi
authors.affiliation: Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3R2, Canada.|Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Safronetz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. Fourth Street, Hamilton, Montana 59840, USA.
authors.forename: Shelly J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. Fourth Street, Hamilton, Montana 59840, USA.|Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada.
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feldmann
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. Fourth Street, Hamilton, Montana 59840, USA.
authors.forename: Sonja M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Best
mesh_terms: D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000276:immunology; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007835:Lassa Fever / Q000276:immunology*; D007836:Lassa virus / Q000276:immunology