title: Soluble form of LR11 is highly increased in the vitreous fluids of patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  LR11 (also called SorLA or SORL1) is a migration regulator of adherent cells with the immature proliferative phenotype. The present study investigated the clinical and pathological involvement of the soluble form of LR11 (sLR11) in the idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 51 patients with iERM (24 cellophane macular reflex (CMR) and 27 preretinal macular fibrosis (PMF)) and 45 patients with macular holes as age and sex-matched controls. Vitreous sLR11 and transforming growth factor (TGF)β2 levels were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sLR11 levels in the vitreous fluids of patients with iERM (20.2 ± 8.1 ng/mL) were significantly higher than those in controls (11.4 ± 4.7 ng/mL). Among the patients with iERM, the vitreous sLR11 levels were significantly higher in PMF (23.6 ± 8.2 ng/mL), than those in CMR (16.5 ± 5.9 ng/mL). Multivariate regression analysis of the studied factors showed that sLR11 was a unique factor independently contributing to the discrimination of the iERM patients against the control subjects (odds ratio [OR] 1.35 per 1-ng/mL increase, 95% CI 1.09-1.67; P = 0.004). ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity and the specificity of sLR11, but not of other studied factors, categorized into the rank of moderate accuracy. Finally, there was a positive correlation (R = 0.588; P = 0.003) between the vitreous levels of sLR11 and TGFβ2 using the available samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  sLR11 levels in vitreous fluids were specifically increased in patients with iERM, suggesting the involvement in the pathology of proliferative and migrating cells for the development of iERM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Sakura Medical Center of Toho University, 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, 285-8741, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, 564-1 Shimoshizu, Sakura-Shi, Chiba prefecture, 285-8741, Japan.
authors.forename: Meizi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, 564-1 Shimoshizu, Sakura-Shi, Chiba prefecture, 285-8741, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hiruta
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, 285-8741, Japan.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, 350-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Morihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, 564-1 Shimoshizu, Sakura-Shi, Chiba prefecture, 285-8741, Japan. hideaki.bujo@med.toho-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bujo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Sakura Medical Center of Toho University, 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, 285-8741, Japan.
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeno
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C102582:SORL1 protein, human; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2
keywords: Idiopathic epiretinal membrane; Soluble LR11; Transforming growth factorβ2; Vitreous fluids; Vitreous surgery