title: Cholesterol and ergosterol affect the activity of Staphylococcus aureus antibiotic efflux pumps.
abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of ergosterol on steroids and cholesterol efflux pumps in multidrug resistant strains of S. aureus. Were used RN4220 harboring plasmid pUL5054, which carries the gene encoding the MsrA macrolide efflux protein; and IS-58, which possesses the TetK tetracycline efflux protein; 1199B resists hydrophilic fluoroquinolones via a NorA-mediated mechanism and wild strain 1199B. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined and the evaluation of possible inhibition of efflux pumps by reduction of MIC. Some of the detrimental effects on bacterial cells can be attributed to the detergent properties of cholesterol and ergosterol on account of their amphipathic structure. Besides the cholesterol did not affect directly the pump structure, a synergism was observed, maybe due the interaction with the cell membrane and interference in the lipid bilayer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Tintino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil.
authors.forename: C D M
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Oliveira-Tintino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil.
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Campina
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil.
authors.forename: R L S
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil.
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microorganism Genetics (LGM), Department of Molecular Biology, CCEN, UFPB, Brazil.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Siqueira-Junior
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Department of Biological Chemistry, CCBS, URCA, Brazil. Electronic address: hdmcoutinho@gmail.com.
authors.forename: H D M
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.affiliation: Aggeu Magalhães Research Center, CPqAM/Fiocruz, Department of Microbiology, Brazil.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Leal-Balbino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Biology (LABBE), Department of Genetics, CCB, UFPE, Brazil.
authors.forename: V Q
authors.initials: VQ
authors.lastname: Balbino
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D004875:Ergosterol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002784:Cholesterol; D004875:Ergosterol
keywords: Cholesterol; Efflux pumps; Ergosterol; Staphylococcus aureus