title: Toxicological effects of aflatoxin B1on the earthworm Eisenia fetida as determined in a contact paper test.
abstract: In this study, aflatoxin B1(AFB1) toxicity toward the earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny 1826) was evaluated in contact paper test systems containing distilled water and ethanol or 20 to 400 μg/ml of AFB1over 72 h of exposure. The results indicated that AFB1could induce significant damage to earthworms (coiling, curling, excessive mucus secretion, clitellum swelling) at greater than 75 μg/ml. Moreover, AFB1had harmful effects on E. fetida (degenerative changes such as bulging of the clitella regions) at levels higher than 150 μg/ml. The calculated LD50was 168.5 μg/ml. These findings confirm that E. fetida and standardized methods based on this organism (OECD 207 1984) are applicable and useful in mycotoxin related toxicity studies.
authors.affiliation: MTA-KE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Kaposvár University, Guba S. 40, Kaposvár, H-7400, Hungary. fodor.judit@ke.hu.
authors.forename: J
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5492-3447
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szabó-Fodor
authors.affiliation: MTA-KE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Kaposvár University, Guba S. 40, Kaposvár, H-7400, Hungary.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bors
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kaposvár University, Guba S. 40, Kaposvár, H-7400, Hungary.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.affiliation: MTA-KE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Kaposvár University, Guba S. 40, Kaposvár, H-7400, Hungary.|Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kaposvár University, Guba S. 40, Kaposvár, H-7400, Hungary.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kovács
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010209:Paper; D011041:Poisoning / Q000473:pathology; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D016604:Aflatoxin B1
keywords: Aflatoxin B1; Contact paper test; Earthworm; Eisenia fetida