title: Recent Approaches to Estimate Associations Between Source-Specific Air Pollution and Health.
abstract: Estimating health effects associated with source-specific exposure is important for better understanding how pollution impacts health and for developing policies to better protect public health. Although epidemiologic studies of sources can be informative, these studies are challenging to conduct because source-specific exposures (e.g., particulate matter from vehicles) often are not directly observed and must be estimated. We reviewed recent studies that estimated associations between pollution sources and health to identify methodological developments designed to address important challenges.
  
  
  
  Notable advances in epidemiologic studies of sources include approaches for (1) propagating uncertainty in source estimation into health effect estimates, (2) assessing regional and seasonal variability in emissions sources and source-specific health effects, and (3) addressing potential confounding in estimated health effects. Novel methodological approaches to address challenges in studies of pollution sources, particularly evaluation of source-specific health effects, are important for determining how source-specific exposure impacts health.
authors.affiliation: College of Health and Human Services, Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MS 5B7, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA. jkrall@gmu.edu.
authors.forename: Jenna R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Krall
authors.affiliation: School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, NV, 89557-0274, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Strickland
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D011634:Public Health; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
keywords: Environmental epidemiology; Health effects; Particulate matter; Pollution; Source apportionment; Statistical methods