title: Effect of Bacoside A on growth and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
abstract: The goal of this study was to evaluate the antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of Bacoside A, a formulation of phytochemicals from Bacopa monnieri, against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are known to form biofilms as one of their virulence traits. The antimicrobial effects of Bacoside A were tested using the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration assays. A cell membrane disruption assay was performed to find its possible target site. MTT assay, crystal violet assay, and microscopic studies were performed to assess the antibiofilm activity. Bacoside A showed antimicrobial activity against both test organisms in their planktonic and biofilm states. At a subminimum inhibitory concentration of 200 μg·mL-1, Bacoside A significantly removed ∼88%-93% of bacterial biofilm developed on microtiter plates. Biochemical and microscopic studies suggested that the eradication of biofilm might be due to the loss of extracellular polymeric substances and to a change in cell membrane integrity of the selected bacterial strains treated with Bacoside A. These results indicate that Bacoside A might be considered as an antimicrobial having the ability to disrupt biofilms. Thus, either alone or in combination with other therapeutics, Bacoside A could be useful to treat biofilm-related infections caused by opportunistic bacterial pathogens.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India.
authors.forename: Debaprasad
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parai
authors.affiliation: a Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India.
authors.forename: Ekramul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pathology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Kolkata 700073, India.
authors.forename: Jayati
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.affiliation: a Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India.
authors.forename: Samir Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; C500175:bacoside A
keywords: Bacoside A; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; biofilm eradication; extracellular polymeric substances; substances polymériques extracellulaires; éradication de biofilm