title: Colorimetric detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus using unmodified gold nanoparticles as colorimetric probes.
abstract: Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV)causes a severe mosaic symptom of watermelon and cucumber, and can be transmitted via infected cucumber seeds, leaves and soil. It remains a challenge to detect this virus to prevent its introduction and infection and spread in fields. For this purpose, a simple and sensitive label-free colorimetric detection method for CGMMV has been developed with unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as colorimetric probes. The method is based on the finding that the presence of RT-PCR target products of CGMMV and species-specific probes results in color change of AuNPs from red to blue after NaCl induction. Normally, species-specific probes attach to the surface of AuNPs and thereby increasing their resistance to NaCl-induced aggregation. The concentration of sodium, probes in the reaction system and evaluation of specificity and sensitivity of a novel assay, visual detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus using unmodified AuNPs has been carried out with simple preparation of samples in our study. Through this assay, as low as 30pg/μL of CGMMV RNA was thus detected visually, by the naked eye, without the need for any sophisticated, expensive instrumentation and biochemical reagents. The specificity was 100% and exhibited good reproducibility in our assays. The results note that this assay is highly species-specific, simple, low-cost, and visual for easy detection of CGMMV in plant tissues. Therefore, visual assay is a potentially useful tool for middle or small-scales corporations and entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau to detect CGMMV in cucumber seeds or plant tissues.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China. Electronic address: zhmliu@shu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhanmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai 200135, China.
authors.forename: Cuiyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
authors.forename: Junyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
authors.forename: Sibao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D029773:Citrullus / Q000821:virology; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods*; D018553:Cucumis sativus / Q000821:virology; D006046:Gold; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D017898:Tobamovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006046:Gold
keywords: Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus; Gold nanoparticles; Visual detection