title: Sanguinarine-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis-like programmed cell death(AL-PCD) in root meristem cells of Allium cepa.
abstract: A vast number of studies on plant cell systems clearly indicate that various biotic and abiotic stresses give rise to the uncontrolled increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess concentrations of ROS result in damage to proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and DNA, which may lead, in consequence, to the apoptotic cell death. The current study investigates the effects of sanguinarine (SAN), a natural alkaloid derived from the roots of Sanguinaria canadensis, on root apical meristem cells of Allium cepa. It is shown that SAN treatment generated large amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2·-). Oxidative stress induced in SAN-treated cells was correlated with DNA fragmentation, formation of micronuclei (MN), altered and 'degenerated' chromatin structures characteristic of apoptosis-like programmed cell death (AL-PCD). The experiments with SAN + MG132 (a proteasome inhibitor engaged in Topo II-mediated formation of cleavable complexes) and SAN + ascorbic acid (AA; H2O2scavenger) seem to suggest, however, that the high level of H2O2is not the only factor responsible for changes observed at the chromatin level and for the consequent cell death. Our findings imply that Topo II-DNA covalent complexes and 26S proteasomes are also involved in SAN-induced DNA damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland. Electronic address: zabkka@poczta.onet.pl.
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Żabka
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland. Electronic address: winnicki@biol.uni.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krajewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland. Electronic address: justpoli@biol.uni.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Justyna Teresa
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Polit
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland. Electronic address: jamasz@biol.uni.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maszewski
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000378:metabolism; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology; D018519:Meristem / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008940:Mitotic Index; D019697:Onions / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D018744:DNA, Plant; D007546:Isoquinolines; D007976:Leupeptins; D013481:Superoxides; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C005705:sanguinarine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; C072553:benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde
keywords: Allium cepa; Apoptosis-like programmed cell death; Chromosome aberrations; DNA topoisomerase II; Proteasomes; Reactive oxygen species; Sanguinarine