title: Nematode Root Herbivory in Tomato Increases Leaf Defenses and Reduces Leaf Miner Oviposition and Performance.
abstract: The outcome of plant-mediated interactions among herbivores from several feeding guilds has been studied intensively. However, our understanding on the effects of nematode root herbivory on leaf miner oviposition behavior and performance remain limited. In this study, we evaluated whether Meloidogyne incognita root herbivory affects Tuta absoluta oviposition preference on Solanum lycopersicum plants and the development of the resulting offspring. To investigate the M. incognita-herbivory induced plant systemic responses that might explain the observed biological effects, we measured photosynthetic rates, leaf trypsin protease inhibitor activities, and analyzed the profile of volatiles emitted by the leaves of root-infested and non-infested plants. We found that T. absoluta females avoided laying eggs on the leaves of root-infested plants, and that root infestation negatively affected the pupation process of T. absoluta. These effects were accompanied by a strong suppression of leaf volatile emissions, a decrease in photosynthetic rates, and an increase in the activity of leaf trypsin protease inhibitors. Our study reveals that root attack by nematodes can shape leaf physiology, and thereby increases plant resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil. arceccm@gmail.com.|Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. arceccm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carla C M
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Arce
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ricardo A R
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natália S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Ribas
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.|Departament of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Cristaldo
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.|Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lívia M S
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ataíde
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ângelo
authors.initials: Â
authors.lastname: Pallini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Carmo
authors.affiliation: Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil. eraldo.lima@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Eraldo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D060434:Herbivory; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D009036:Moths / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D010058:Oviposition; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D032322:Solanum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000502:physiology*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
keywords: Meloidogyne incognita; Solanum lycopersicum; Systemic-induced plant responses; Tuta absoluta