title: Molecular Neuro-Pathomechanism of Neurocysticercosis: How Host Genetic Factors Influence Disease Susceptibility.
abstract: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the most neglected tropical diseases among widely endemic neurological diseases. It is caused by cysticerci of Taenia solium. The clinical symptom for the outcome of infection and progression of disease is pleomorphic and its neuro-pathomechanism is still illusive. Identification of host genetic factors and their association with disease susceptibility is one of the most important areas of research towards personalized medicine in the era of omics. Several genes and their allelic variations had been identified to be associated with various neurological disorders; however, the information for parasitic diseases affecting the central nervous system is very limited. Both Th1 and Th2 arms of the immune system are reported to be active at different stages of T. solium infection in the brain. Recently, several papers had been published, where the role of host genetic makeup with NCC had been explored. Increased frequency of HLA-A28, HLA-B63, HLA-B58, TLR 4 Asp299Gly, sICAM-1 gene K469E, GSTM1, and GSTT1 were found to be associated with increased risk of NCC occurrence, while HLA-DQW2 and HLA-A11 were shown to be providing protection from disease. In this review, we have summarized these findings and analyzed the influence of host genetic polymorphism on the susceptibility/resistance of host to NCC.
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
authors.forename: Naina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
authors.forename: Shweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
authors.forename: Reshma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sao
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
authors.forename: Prosenjit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mondal
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India. amitprasad@iitmandi.ac.in.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018450:Disease Progression; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D020019:Neurocysticercosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D041201:Taenia solium
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens
keywords: Central nervous system; Host factor; Neurocysticercosis; Polymorphism; Taenia solium