title: Characterization of the IRF2 proteins isolated from the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons and the shallow-water mussel Modiolus modiolus.
abstract: Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are transcription factors that play important roles in immune defense, stress response, hematopoietic differentiation, and cell apoptosis. IRFs of invertebrate organisms and their functions remain largely unexplored. In the present study, for the first time new IRFs (BpIRF2 and MmIRF2) were identified in the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons and the shallow-water mussel Modiolus modiolus. The open reading frame of BpIRF2 and MmIRF2 encoded putative proteins of 354 and 348 amino acids, respectively. Comparison and phylogenetic analysis revealed that both IRF2 proteins were new identified invertebrate IRF molecular. As transcriptional factors, both BpIRF2 and MmIRF2 could activate the interferon-stimulated response element-containing promoter and BpIRF2 could interact with itself. Moreover, both BpIRF2 and MmIRF2 were localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus. Collectively, these results demonstrated that IRF2 proteins might be crucial in the innate immunity of deep-sea and shallow-water mussels.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Baoyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China. Electronic address: lixzh@qdio.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xinzheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China. Electronic address: lili@qdio.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Guofan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D040342:Genetic Structures; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D050836:Interferon Regulatory Factor-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D049879:Mytilidae / Q000276:immunology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D050836:Interferon Regulatory Factor-2
keywords: Deep-sea mussel; IRF2; ISRE; Innate immunity