title: Targeting EGFR T790M mutation in NSCLC: From biology to evaluation and treatment.
abstract: The identification of EGFR mutations and their respectively tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), changed dramatically treatment and survival of patients with EGFR-positive lung cancer. Nowadays, different EGFR TKIs as afatinib, erlotinib and gefitinib are approved worldwide for the treatment of NSCLC harbouring EGFR mutations, in particular exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (Leu858Arg) substitution EGFR mutations. In first-line setting, when comparing with platinum-based chemotherapy, these target drugs improves progression-free survival, response rate and quality of life. Unfortunately, the development of different mechanism of resistance, limits the long term efficacy of these agents. The most clear mechanism of resistance is the development of EGFR Thr790Met mutation. Against this new target, different third-generation EGFR-mutant-selective TKIs, such as osimertinib, rociletinib and olmutinib, showed a great activity. In this review, we summarize the scientific evidences about biology, evaluation and treatment on NSCLC with EGFR T790M mutation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: antonio.passaro@ieo.it.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Passaro
authors.affiliation: Clinic Unit of Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guerini-Rocco
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pochesci
authors.affiliation: Clinic Unit of Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vacirca
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spitaleri
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara Matilde
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Catania
authors.affiliation: Clinic Unit of Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rappa
authors.affiliation: Clinic Unit of Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barberis
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Marinis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D066246:ErbB Receptors
keywords: EGFR; Liquid biopsy; NSCLC; Olmutinib; Osimertinib; Rociletinib; T790M