title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors attenuate propofol-induced pro-oxidative and antifibrinolytic effect in human endothelial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of plasma and tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) against propofol-induced endothelial dysfunction and to elucidate the involved mechanisms in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the effects of propofol (50 μM), quinaprilat and enalaprilat (10-5M) on fibrinolysis (t-PA, PAI-1, TAFI antigen levels), oxidative stress parameters (H2O2and MDA antigen levels and SOD and NADPH oxidase mRNA levels) and nitric oxide bioavailability (NO2/NO3concentration and NOS expression at the level of mRNA) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that both ACE-Is promoted similar endothelial fibrinolytic properties and decreased oxidative stress in vitro. Propofol alone increased the release of antifibrinolytic and pro-oxidative factors from the endothelium and increased mRNA iNOS expression. We also found that the incubation of HUVECs in the presence of propofol following ACE-Is pre-incubation caused weakness of the antifibrinolytic and pro-oxidative potential of propofol and this effect was similar after both ACE-Is.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This observation suggests that the studied ACE-Is exerted protective effects against endothelial cell dysfunction caused by propofol, independently of hemodynamics.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wojewodzka-Zelezniakowicz
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gromotowicz-Poplawska
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Wioleta
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kisiel
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Konarzewska
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szemraj
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy Robert
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ladny
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chabielska
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001682:Biological Availability; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D015742:Propofol
keywords: Human umbilical vein cells; enalaprilat; fibrinolysis; nitric oxide; oxidative stress; propofol; quinaprilat