title: Urothelial generation and regeneration in development, injury, and cancer.
abstract: Homeostatic maintenance and repair of the urothelium upon injury are required for a functional bladder in both healthy and disease conditions. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the urothelial regenerative response is key to designing strategies for tissue repair and ultimately treatments for urologic diseases including urinary tract infections, voiding dysfunction, painful bladder syndrome, and bladder cancer. In this article, we review studies on urothelial ontogeny during development and regeneration following various injury modalities. Signaling pathways involved in urothelial regeneration and in urothelial carcinogenesis are also discussed. Developmental Dynamics 246:336-343, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Caihong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Whitney Trotter
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.|Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Indira U
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Mysorekar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D012038:Regeneration; D015398:Signal Transduction; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000502:physiology; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Uropathogenic E. coli; urinary tract infections; retinoic acid; BMP4; bladder; progenitor cells; regeneration; stem cells