title: Tuning sensitivity of a simple hydrazone for selective fluorescent "turn on" chemo-sensing of Al3+and its application in living cells imaging.
abstract: Salicylaldehyde based hydrazones 2-((2-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)phenol (SMPH), 4-methyl-2-((2-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)phenol (MSMPH) and 4-fluoro-2-((2-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)phenol (FSMPH) were prepared and structurally characterized. These hydrazones exhibited fluorescence "turn on" response toward Al3+in dimethyl formamide/water (DMF/H2O) (1: 1) mixture. SMPH showed enhanced emission (70 folds) as compared to MSMPH (46 folds) and FSMPH (28 folds) upon the addition of 3 equivalents of Al3+. Similarly a red shift was observed in the emission wavelength of hydrazone/Al3+mixture from non-substituted (SMPH) to fluoro-substituted (FSMPH) and in turn to methyl-substituted (MSMPH). They also showed high selectivity towards Al3+over the other common metal ions. Among the tested metal ions only copper interfered and quenched the fluorescence completely. Further SMPH was investigated spectroscopically in details for Al3+detection. The binding phenomenon of SMPH was analyzed by1H NMR and HR-ESI-MS. Mass analysis showed a 1: 1 complex formation of SMPH with Al3+. Job's plot also confirmed their 1: 1 interaction. SMPH showed a good tolerance for Al3+detection in acidic to neutral pH, ranges 3-8. The limit of detection (LOD) for Al3+was observed to be 1.5×10-7M. Moreover SMPH and MSMPH were studied for living cells imaging in MCF-7 (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7) cells. These analyses also revealed the importance of these hydrazones in monitoring Al3+in living cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Faiz-Ur
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Institute of Integrative Biosciences, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Amjad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic Sciences, Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Saira Khan
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: wanghui@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Zhan-Ting
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: zhangdw@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Dan-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry; D000535:Aluminum / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006835:Hydrazones / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006835:Hydrazones; D000535:Aluminum
keywords: Al(3+) bioimaging; Al(3+) sensor; Fluorescent sensor; Hydrazone based sensor