title: Comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and its association with quality of life in patients with major depressive disorder.
abstract: The comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is common and often predicts poorer outcomes than either disorder alone. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of comorbid GAD and its association with quality of life (QOL) among MDD patients. A total of 1225 psychiatric outpatients were screened using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Those who scored ≥8 on the HADS were interviewed using DSM-IV criteria by two senior psychiatrists. Patients diagnosed with MDD were further assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and World Health Organization QOL Scale, brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). Ultimately, 667 patients were diagnosed with MDD, of 71.7% of whom had GAD. Compared to those with MDD alone, comorbid patients had lower scores on the physical (38.64 ± 10.35 vs.36.54 ± 12.32, P = 0.026) and psychological (35.54 ± 12.98 vs. 30.61 ± 14.66, P < 0.001) domains of the WHOQOL-BREF. The association between comorbid GAD and poor QOL on the two domains remained statistically significant in the multiple linear regression (unstandardized coefficients: -1.97 and -4.65, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the prevalence of comorbid GAD in MDD patients is high, and co-occurring GAD may exacerbate impaired physical and psychological QOL in Chinese MDD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science &Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China.|Affiliated Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science &Technology, GongNongBin Road 125#, Wuhan, 430012, China.
authors.forename: Yongjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science &Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors.forename: Zhongqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science &Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Liyuan hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science &Technology, YuanHu Road 39#, Wuhan, 430060, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science &Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors.forename: Yiyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science &Technology, GongNongBin Road 125#, Wuhan, 430012, China.
authors.forename: Maosheng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science &Technology, GongNongBin Road 125#, Wuhan, 430012, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science &Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors.forename: Yukai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003710:Demography; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D012890:Sleep; D012944:Social Support; D055815:Young Adult