title: Exergaming boxing versus heavy-bag boxing: are these equipotent for individuals with spinal cord injury?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current strategies for increased physical activity and exercise in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) face many challenges with regards to maintaining their continuity of participation. Barriers cited often include problems with accessing facilities, mundane, monotonous or boring exercises and expensive equipment that is often not adapted for wheelchair users.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the physiological responses and user preferences between conventional heavy-bag boxing against a novel form of video game boxing, known as exergaming boxing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exercise laboratory setting in a university medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen participants with SCI were recruited, of which sixteen were male and only one female. Their mean age was 35.6±10.2 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  All of them performed a 15-minute physical exercise session of exergaming and heavy-bag boxing in a sitting position. The study assessed physiological responses in terms of oxygen consumption, metabolic equivalent (MET) and energy expenditure between exergaming and heavy-bag boxing derived from open-circuit spirometry. Participants also rated their perceived exertion using Borg's category-ratio ratings of perceived exertion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both exergaming (MET: 4.3±1.0) and heavy-bag boxing (MET: 4.4±1.0) achieved moderate exercise intensities in these participants with SCI. Paired t-test revealed no significant differences (P>0.05, Cohen's d: 0.02-0.49) in the physiological or perceived exertional responses between the two modalities of boxing. Post session user survey reported all the participants found exergaming boxing more enjoyable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exergaming boxing, was able to produce equipotent physiological responses as conventional heavy-bag boxing. The intensity of both exercise modalities achieved recommended intensities for health and fitness benefits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exergaming boxing have the potential to provide an enjoyable, self-competitive environment for moderate-vigorous exercise even at the comfort of their homes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia - maziahmr@um.edu.my.
authors.forename: Maziah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mat Rosly
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mat Rosly
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nazirah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasnan
authors.affiliation: Clinical Exercise and Rehabilitation Unit, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Glen M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ruby
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Husain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001914:Boxing / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011788:Quality of Life; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018910:Video Games; D055815:Young Adult