title: Treatment of Functional Impairment in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.
abstract: Traditionally, functional impairment has received little attention in bipolar disorder, despite the fact that many patients experience significant impairments in daily life. In the last decade, research has changed its focus from clinical remission to functional recovery in bipolar patients as a priority. A literature review of this topic will allow us provide an overview of the relevance of functional impairment as well as the potential factors that can predict or contribute to low functioning in bipolar disorder (BD). Treatment approaches should consider not only euthymia as a goal but also cognitive and functional improvement of patients with such a complex disorder. Functional remediation and psychoeducation among psychological interventions may help to enhance functioning. The combination of cognitive enhancers and cognitive/functional remediation programs may help in improving cognitive and functional impairments. Early interventions are essential to prevent cognitive deficits and disability.
authors.affiliation: Bipolar Disorder Unit. Hospital Clinic, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Bipolar Disorder Unit. Hospital Clinic, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Anabel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez-Aran
authors.affiliation: Bipolar Disorder Unit. Hospital Clinic, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. evieta@clinic.ub.es.
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vieta
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology; D001288:Attention; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D000072466:Cognitive Remediation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012917:Social Adjustment
chemical_list: D018697:Nootropic Agents
keywords: Bipolar disorder; Functional impairment; Functional remediation; Neurocognitive impairment; Psychoeducation; Treatment