title: More than eight in every nineteen inmates were living with depression at prisons of Northwest Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, a cross sectional study design.
abstract: Mental health is the greatest challenges for the current and future generations. Worldwide, out of the 66 million people suffering from depression; majority (85%) were from low and middle income countries. The prevalence was more common among the prisons population than the community. However, a worldwide consideration given to the problems is very low, particularly for prisoners.
  
  
  
  To assess level of depression and associated factors among prisoners in prisons of Northwest Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, Institutional based cross sectional study was employed on 727 prisoners selected by multistage random sampling from three prisons of northwest Amhara. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess an individuals' depression level. The reliability of the tool was checked by Cronbach's Alpha (yielding value of 0.841). Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with depression after Hosmer and lemeshow goodness of fit test was used for model fitness.
  
  
  
  Of the total prisoners participated (649), 284 (43.8%; 95% CI: 39.90, 47.67%) had symptoms of depression. Detainees' satisfaction level about life before imprisonment, belief about their life after imprisonment, plan to commit suicide, social support and types of prisons were significantly associated with depression.
  
  
  
  Depression level among detainees was found to be high. Thus, providing training to scale up satisfaction of prisoners, on how to cope up with environment just before imprisonment and release, and treating prisoners will improve the problem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia. terek7@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Teresa Kisi
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Beyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Heath Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Abel Fikadu
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Dadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Heath Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Berihun Assefa
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dachew
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Heath Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Niguse Yigzaw
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Muluneh
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Heath Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Telake Azale
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Bisetegn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011330:Prisons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011897:Random Allocation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Depression; Depression in custody; Inmates’ depression; Internees’ depression