title: Quality of sleep in patients undergoing cardiac surgery during the postoperative period in intensive care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the quality of sleep of patients undergoing cardiac surgery during the first two nights following surgery and identify some of the factors conditioning the nightly rest of these patients in the Intensive Care Unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational descriptive study based on applying the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire through a consecutive sample of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with Intensive Care Unit admission. Simultaneously, a questionnaire assessing different environmental factors existing in the unit as possible conditioning of the night's rest was applied. The association between consumption of opioid and sleep quality was studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sample of 66 patients with a mean age of 65±11.57 years, of which 73% were men (N=48). The Richards-Campbell sleep questionnaire garnered average scores of 50.33mm (1.st night) and 53.30mm (2.nd night). The main sleep disturbing factors were discomfort with the different devices, 30.91mm and pain, 30.18mm. The problems caused by environmental noise, 27.5mm or through the voices of the professionals, 26.53mm were also elements of nocturnal discomfort. No statistical association was found between sleep and the distance of the patient with respect to the nursing control area or related to opioid analgesics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quality of sleep during the first two nights of Intensive Care Unit admission was "regular". The environmental factors that conditioned the night-time rest of patients were discomfort, pain and ambient noise.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos A, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España. Electronic address: ma.navarro.garcia@navarra.es.
authors.forename: M Á
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Navarro-García
authors.affiliation: Unidad Coronaria y Exploraciones Cardiológicas, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Carlos Alegre
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos A, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez-Oroz
authors.affiliation: Área de Formación y Desarrollo Profesional, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Irigoyen-Aristorena
authors.affiliation: Área de Procesos Críticos y Urgencias, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elizondo-Sotro
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos A, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Indurain-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos A, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martorell-Gurucharri
authors.affiliation: Unidad Coronaria y Exploraciones Cardiológicas, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sorbet-Amóstegui
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Recuperación Postanestésica, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Prieto-Guembe
authors.affiliation: Consulta Especializada de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ordoñez-Ortigosa
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Hematología, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: García-Aizpún
authors.affiliation: Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García-Ganuza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D003422:Critical Care; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D057566:Self Report; D012890:Sleep
keywords: Cardiac surgery; Cirugía cardiaca; Cuidados Intensivos; Intensive Care; Sleep; Sueño