title: Glucose solution determination based on liquid photoacoustic resonance.
abstract: Noninvasive blood glucose determination has received considerable attention in the past from both patients and scientists all over the world, and it is becoming increasingly important as a research focus. The two most difficult problems leading to no breakthrough in this area are sensitivity and specificity in determination. In order to obtain reliable measurement results of blood glucose levels, we propose a new liquid photoacoustic resonance theory that can significantly enhance the intensity of the signal and improve the sensitivity. This paper demonstrates the theory of liquid photoacoustic resonance, gives a rigorous mathematical expression, and analyzes the variation of the transducer output in the case of liquid photoacoustic resonance. A signal processing method is demonstrated at the same time under the liquid photoacoustic resonance condition. Meanwhile, the feasibility and validity are verified by experiments with different concentrations of glucose solution. The result shows that liquid photoacoustic resonance can strengthen the signal, and the resolution achieves 20  mg/dL. This method overcomes the issue of low sensitivity and the inaccurate detection in the nonresonant case, and gets accurate results. This result could provide a theoretical basis for realization of noninvasive measurement of blood glucose.
authors.forename: SiWei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: QiaoZhi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: HongWei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D008433:Mathematics; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D000074269:Resonance Frequency Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose