title: Microfluidization of Graphite and Formulation of Graphene-Based Conductive Inks.
abstract: We report the exfoliation of graphite in aqueous solutions under high shear rate [∼ 108s-1] turbulent flow conditions, with a 100% exfoliation yield. The material is stabilized without centrifugation at concentrations up to 100 g/L using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt to formulate conductive printable inks. The sheet resistance of blade coated films is below ∼2Ω/□. This is a simple and scalable production route for conductive inks for large-area printing in flexible electronics.
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Panagiotis G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Karagiannidis
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hodge
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tomarchio
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Decorde
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milana
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ilya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goykhman
authors.affiliation: Microfluidics International Corporation , Westwood, Massachusetts 02090, United States.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Microfluidics International Corporation , Westwood, Massachusetts 02090, United States.
authors.forename: Steven V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Mesite
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Duncan N
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3663-3793
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Johnstone
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Rowan K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Leary
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Midgley
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento , Trento 38123, Italy.|Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Materials and Microsystems , Povo, Trento 38123, Italy.|School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University , London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicola M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Pugno
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Felice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Torrisi
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andrea C
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0907-9993
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ferrari
keywords: conducting inks; flexible electronics; graphene; solution processing