title: Tuning neural circuits by turning the interneuron knob.
abstract: Interneurons play a critical role in sculpting neuronal circuit activity and their dysfunction can result in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. To temporally structure and balance neuronal activity in the adult brain interneurons display a remarkable degree of subclass-specific plasticity, of which the underlying molecular mechanisms have recently begun to be elucidated. Grafting new interneurons to pre-existing neuronal networks allows for amelioration of circuit dysfunction in rodent models of neurological disease and can reopen critical windows for circuit plasticity. The crucial contribution of specific classes of interneurons to circuit homeostasis and plasticity in health and disease underscores their generation as an important objective for emerging strategies of lineage reprogramming in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dehorter
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 19, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicolás
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marichal
authors.affiliation: Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom. Electronic address: oscar.marin@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 19, 55128 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: berningb@uni-mainz.de.
authors.forename: Benedikt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berninger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007395:Interneurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*