title: Integrated photografted molecularly imprinted polymers with a cellulose acetate membrane for the extraction of melamine from dry milk before HPLC analysis.
abstract: In this study, a new separation technique based on membrane extraction is described for the determination of melamine in dry milk. The water-compatible cellulose acetate membrane, which is photografted by melamine imprinted nanospheres, was prepared by placing the membrane into the polymerization solution containing methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, acetonitrile as porogen, and melamine as the template molecule. The characterization of the polymeric membrane was performed by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This integrated composite membrane was used as a solid-phase extraction medium for the extraction of melamine from dry milk samples. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the membrane were evaluated. The results showed higher binding capacity for melamine imprinted membranes in comparison with the nonimprinted membranes. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the extraction of melamine from dry milk by the photografted cellulose acetate membrane had a linear calibration curve in the range of 0.02-11.80 μg/mL with an excellent precision of 2.73%. The limit of detection and quantification of melamine was 0.007 and 0.020 μg/mL, respectively. The recoveries of melamine were in the range of 88.7-94.8%.
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology Products Laboratory, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Behrouz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Akbari-Adergani
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Drug, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholam-Hossein
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Sadeghian
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Center of Tehran, Payame-Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alimohammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Drug, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Esfandiari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D054802:Molecular Imprinting; D054118:Nanospheres; D011108:Polymers; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D014227:Triazines / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D014227:Triazines; C005062:acetylcellulose; D002482:Cellulose; C011907:melamine
keywords: cellulose acetate; dry milk; imprinted polymers; melamine; membrane solid-phase extraction