title: Laparoscopic peritoneal lavage or surgical resection for acute perforated sigmoid diverticulitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic peritoneal lavage (LPL) has been proposed as an alternative, less invasive technique in the treatment of acute perforated sigmoid diverticulitis (APSD). The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the effectiveness of LPL versus surgical resection (SR) in terms of morbidity and mortality in the management of APSD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive search was conducted for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LPL versus SR in the treatment of APSD. The end points included peri-operative mortality, severe adverse events, overall mortality, post-operative abscess, percutaneous reinterventions, reoperation, operative time, postoperative stay, and readmissions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three RCTs with a total of 372 patients, randomised to either LPL or SR were included. There was no significant difference in peri-operative mortality between LPL and SR (OR 1.356, 95% CI 0.365 to 5.032, p = 0.649), or serious adverse events (OR = 1.866, 95% CI = 0.680 to 5.120, p = 0.226). The LPL required significantly less time to complete than SR (WMD = -72.105, 95% CI = -88.335 to -55.876, p < 0.0001). The LPL group was associated with a significantly higher rate of postoperative abscess formation (OR = 4.121, 95% CI = 1.890 to 8.986, p = 0.0004) and subsequent percutaneous interventions (OR = 5.414, 95% CI 1.618 to 18.118, p = 0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic peritoneal lavage is a safe and quick alternative in the management of APSD. In comparison to SR, LPL results in higher rates of postoperative abscess formation requiring more percutaneous drainage interventions without any difference in perioperative mortality and serious morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: faisalshaikh@rcsi.ie.
authors.forename: Faisal M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland; Department of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Stewart R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: R Justin
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D004239:Diverticulitis, Colonic / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D010533:Peritoneal Lavage; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012086:Reoperation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Diverticulitis; Laparoscopic washout; Sigmoid colectomy