title: Obesity is associated with a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in middle-aged women.
abstract: Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) has been recently linked with high plasma leptin levels. Our objective was to study if obese women, who have higher leptin levels, could have a higher frequency of MSP. We studied 6079 Latin-American women, 40-59 years old. Their epidemiological data were recorded and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), Golberg Anxiety and Depression Scale and Insomnia Scale were applied. MSP was defined as a score ≥2 on MRS11. Women with MSP were slightly older, had fewer years of schooling and were more sedentary. They also complained of more severe menopausal symptoms (29.2% versus. 4.4%, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, they had a higher abdominal perimeter (87.2 ± 12.0 cm versus 84.6 ± 11.6 cm, p < 0.0001) and a higher prevalence of obesity (23.1% versus 15.2%, p < 0.0001). Compared to normal weight women, those with low body weight (IMC <18.5) showed a lower risk of MSP (OR 0.71; 95%CI, 0.42-1.17), overweight women had a higher risk (OR 1.64; 95%CI, 1.44-1.87) and obese women the highest risk (OR 2.06; 95%CI, 1.76-2.40). Logistic regression analysis showed that obesity is independently associated to MSP (OR 1.34; 95%CI, 1.16-1.55). We conclude that obesity is one identifiable risk factor for MSP in middle-aged women.
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.|b Departamento de Medicina Interna Sur , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile , Santiago de Chile , Chile , and.
authors.forename: Juan Enrique
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Blümel
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.|c Department of Endocrinology , School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile , Santiago de Chile , Chile.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arteaga
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mezones-Holguín
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: María Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zúñiga
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Silvina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Witis
authors.affiliation: b Departamento de Medicina Interna Sur , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile , Santiago de Chile , Chile , and.
authors.forename: María Soledad
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Vallejo
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Konstantino
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tserotas
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Onatra
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ojeda
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Desiree
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mostajo
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monterrosa
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Selva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Mabel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Jose Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hernández-Bueno
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: María Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chedraui
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calle
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Luz María
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Zully
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Benítez
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Ascanio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bencosme
authors.affiliation: a Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Germán
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin
keywords: Leptin; menopause; middle-aged women; obesity; pain