title: Population expansions dominate demographic histories of endemic and widespread Pacific reef fishes.
abstract: Despite the unique nature of endemic species, their origin and population history remain poorly studied. We investigated the population history of 28 coral reef fish species, close related, from the Gambier and Marquesas Islands, from five families, with range size varying from widespread to small-range endemic. We analyzed both mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data using neutrality test and Bayesian analysis (EBSP and ABC). We found evidence for demographic expansions for most species (24 of 28), irrespective of range size, reproduction strategy or archipelago. The timing of the expansions varied greatly among species, from 8,000 to 2,000,000 years ago. The typical hypothesis for reef fish that links population expansions to the Last Glacial Maximum fit for 14 of the 24 demographic expansions. We propose two evolutionary processes that could lead to expansions older than the LGM: (a) we are retrieving the signature of an old colonization process for widespread, large-range endemic and paleoendemic species or (b) speciation; the expansion reflects the birth of the species for neoendemic species. We show for the first time that the demographic histories of endemic and widespread reef fish are not distinctly different and suggest that a number of processes drive endemism.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Excellence «CORAIL», EPHE, PSL Research University, UPVD, CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, F-66360 Perpignan, France.|Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Erwan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delrieu-Trottin
authors.affiliation: Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.|EPHE, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mona
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Excellence «CORAIL», EPHE, PSL Research University, UPVD, CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, F-66360 Perpignan, France.|SymbioSeas and Marine Applied Research Center, Wilmington NC 28411, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maynard
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Excellence «CORAIL», EPHE, PSL Research University, UPVD, CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, F-66360 Perpignan, France.|Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Neglia
authors.affiliation: Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.|EPHE, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veuille
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Excellence «CORAIL», EPHE, PSL Research University, UPVD, CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, F-66360 Perpignan, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Planes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D057894:Coral Reefs; D005399:Fishes / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D011156:Population Density; D011157:Population Dynamics; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors