title: Cytochrome P450 2U1, a very peculiar member of the human P450s family.
abstract: Cytochrome P450 2U1 (CYP2U1) exhibits several distinctive characteristics among the 57 human CYPs, such as its presence in almost all living organisms with a highly conserved sequence, its particular gene organization with only five exons, its major location in thymus and brain, and its protein sequence involving an unusually long N-terminal region containing 8 proline residues and an insert of about 20 amino acids containing 5 arginine residues after the transmembrane helix. Few substrates, including fatty acids, N-arachidonoylserotonin (AS), and some drugs, have been reported so far. However, its biological roles remain largely unknown, even though CYP2U1 mutations have been involved in some pathological situations, such as complicated forms of hereditary spastic paraplegia. These data together with its ability to hydroxylate some fatty acids and AS suggest its possible role in lipid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dhers
authors.affiliation: UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ducassou
authors.affiliation: UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France. jean-luc.boucher@parisdescartes.fr.
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Boucher
authors.affiliation: UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mansuy
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006900:Hydroxylation; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D009154:Mutation; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012701:Serotonin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D015419:Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; C114007:arachidonoylserotonin; D012701:Serotonin; C484320:CYP2U1 protein, human; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2
keywords: Brain; Fatty acid hydroxylation; Hereditary spastic paraplegia; N-Arachidonoylserotonin; Orphan cytochrome P450; Thymus