title: [Association between risk factors during maternal pregnancy and the neonatal period and childhood bronchial asthma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the association of the risk factors during maternal pregnancy and the neonatal period with childhood bronchial asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 306 children with asthma (asthma group) and 250 healthy children (control group) were enrolled. Their clinical data during the neonatal period and the maternal data during pregnancy were retrospectively studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the rates of maternal use of antibiotics during pregnancy, use of antibiotics and probiotics during the neonatal period, preterm birth, cesarean section, low birth weight, and breast feeding (>6 months) between the asthma and control groups (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that use of antibiotics during pregnancy (OR=3.908, 95%CI: 1.277-11.962), use of antibiotics during neonatal period (OR=24.154, 95%CI: 7.864-74.183), preterm birth (OR=8.535, 95%CI: 2.733-26.652), and cesarean section (OR=4.588, 95%CI: 2.887-7.291) were independent risk factors for childhood asthma. The use of probiotics during the neonatal period (OR=0.014, 95%CI: 0.004-0.046) and breast feeding (>6 months) (OR=0.161, 95%CI: 0.103-0.253) were protective factors for childhood asthma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The early prevention of childhood asthma can be improved by reducing the use of antibiotics during pregnancy, reducing cesarean section, avoiding abuse of antibiotics during the neonatal period, trying breast feeding and taking probiotics in early stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. sunxin6@ fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hui-Qin
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Jing-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents