title: Multiple effects of ellagic acid on human colorectal carcinoma cells identified by gene expression profile analysis.
abstract: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. Phytochemicals have become a research hotspot in recent years as cancer prevention and treatment agents due to their low toxicity and limited side-effects. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural phenolic constituent, displays various biological activities, including anticancer effects. However, the detailed anticancer mechanisms of EA remain unclear. In the present study, we found that EA inhibited the growth of HCT-116 colon cancer cells. Moreover, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by microarray profiling of HCT-116 cells treated with EA. A total of 857 DEGs (363 upregulated and 494 downregulated) were identified with a >1.5-fold change in expression after treatment with EA for 72 h. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that a large number of cellular functions were modified by EA including proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and angiogenesis. Interaction network analysis using DEGs provided details of their interactions and predicted the key target pathways of EA. To verify the result of cDNA microarray, 10 selected DEGs related to proliferation, apoptosis or cell cycle were further confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. Based on microarray data, we identified several crucial functions of EA. These results provide important new data for EA in anti-CRC research.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Τhe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jinlu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Τhe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wanlan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bo
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Τhe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Τhe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuwei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Τhe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiufeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Τhe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xinglong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Τhe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks / Q000187:drug effects*; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004610:Ellagic Acid