title: Tectona grandis leaf extract, free and associated with nanoemulsions, as a possible photosensitizer of mouse melanoma B16 cell.
abstract: Over the past six years we have been studying extracts from tropical, specially Amazon, plants, to search for new sensitizers for photodynamic therapy of cancer and infectious diseases. Tectona grandis is a genus of tropical hardwood trees in the mint family, Lamiaceae. That is native to south and southeast Asia, but since the end of the 20th century is also gaining ground in the Amazon. The present work aims to evaluate the photodynamic potential of hydro-alcoholic extract from Tectona grandis LF leaves (TGE) and the same extract prepared as the oil-water nanoemulsion (TGE-NE) against melanoma B16 F10 cells. The method for preparation of a stable nanoemulsion with ~20nm particles associated to the TGE (TGE-NE) was successfully developed. We have shown that both free and nanostructured presentations possess the ability to sensitize B16 F10 cells to red light of the LED in vitro. Photodynamic effect was observed for both TGE and TGE-NE because toxicity increased under illumination with red light. While TGE was highly toxic towards melanoma cells under illumination with red light of the LED, it also possessed significant dark toxicity towards both B16 F10 and murine fibroblast NIH3T3 cells. The TGE-NE showed reasonable photocytotoxicity and was much less toxic towards normal cells in the dark compared to free TGE.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Studies in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, AC 69920-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cydia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Menezes Furtado
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Studies in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, AC 69920-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Sergio Escocio Drumond Viana
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: de Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Bentes
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Py-Daniel
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Lygia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dos Santos Camara
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jaqueline Rodriguez
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Studies in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, AC 69920-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Everton
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Holanda Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Studies in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, AC 69920-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anselmo Fortunato Ruiz
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Studies in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, AC 69920-900, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry and Biology, I. Kant Federal University, 14 A. Nevskogo ul., 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia. Electronic address: idegterev015@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Igor Anatolievich
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Degterev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004655:Emulsions; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Candidates for photodynamic therapy; Cytotoxicity; Extracts; Melanoma B16; Nanoemulsion; Tectona grandis