title: YouTube: are parent-uploaded videos of their unwell children a useful source of medical information for other parents?
abstract: YouTube is a vast source of freely accessible user-uploaded medical information. To our knowledge no study has analysed the quality of parent-uploaded videos which depict illness in their children. We aimed to investigate the quality and quantity of videos representing two common conditions, croup and dehydration.
  
  
  
  YouTube was searched using the search terms 'croup+child' and 'dehydration+child'. The first 400 videos of each search were screened. Videos created by doctors or by educational institutions were excluded. The parent-uploaded videos were analysed using the validated Medical Video Rating Scale. Each video was separately evaluated for whether it represented a good clinical example of the condition featured.
  
  
  
  Out of 38 'croup' videos which met criteria, 15 were judged to be good clinical examples. Only 7 of these 15 'good clinical example' videos were also of high technical quality. Out of 28 'dehydration' videos which met the inclusion criteria, two were good clinical examples. One of these videos had good technical quality.
  
  
  
  There were very few videos of either condition which showed a good clinical example while also displaying high technical quality. It is extremely difficult and time consuming to isolate such examples from the mass of information available and therefore parents could be misled by apparently high technical quality videos which are not in fact good clinical examples. Healthcare professionals should be careful when discussing finding medical information on YouTube and consider creating repositories of good examples so they are able to direct parents towards more reputable resources.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Katie
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9277-4916
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.affiliation: Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dorothy M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.affiliation: SAPPHIRE Group, Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.|Paediatric Emergency Medicine Leicester Academic (PEMLA) Group, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Damian
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9334-5144
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roland
authors.affiliation: Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henriette A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Moll
authors.affiliation: Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rianne
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oostenbrink
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D054626:Consumer Health Information / Q000379:methods*; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education*; D014741:Video Recording / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: General Paediatrics; Medical Education