title: Replication-Coupled Recruitment of Viral and Cellular Factors to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Replication Forks for the Maintenance and Expression of Viral Genomes.
abstract: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infects over half the human population. Much of the infectious cycle occurs in the nucleus of cells where the virus has evolved mechanisms to manipulate host processes for the production of virus. The genome of HSV-1 is coordinately expressed, maintained, and replicated such that progeny virions are produced within 4-6 hours post infection. In this study, we selectively purify HSV-1 replication forks and associated proteins from virus-infected cells and identify select viral and cellular replication, repair, and transcription factors that associate with viral replication forks. Pulse chase analyses and imaging studies reveal temporal and spatial dynamics between viral replication forks and associated proteins and demonstrate that several DNA repair complexes and key transcription factors are recruited to or near replication forks. Consistent with these observations we show that the initiation of viral DNA replication is sufficient to license late gene transcription. These data provide insight into mechanisms that couple HSV-1 DNA replication with transcription and repair for the coordinated expression and maintenance of the viral genome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dembowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0968-3090
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Dremel
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Neal A
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8381-8577
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: DeLuca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000235:genetics*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D014709:Vero Cells; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral