title: Acute Leukemia and Concurrent Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review.
abstract: There is a known association of primary nonseminomatous mediastinal germ cell tumors (NSMGCT) and hematologic malignancy in younger males not linked to treatment. When combined these two rare entities convey a very poor prognosis. Here we report a 16-year-old male with an anterior mediastinal mass diagnosed as a malignant germ cell tumor based on elevation of serologic markers. He was found to have acute leukemia with megakaryocytic differentiation several days later. We focus our report on the pathologic findings, including a review of the literature, and a novel molecular analysis of the germ cell tumor.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.|b Division of Hematology/Oncology , Primary Children's Hospital , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maese
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.|d ARUP Laboratories , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.
authors.forename: K David
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.|d ARUP Laboratories , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.
authors.forename: Xinjie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.|b Division of Hematology/Oncology , Primary Children's Hospital , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Afify
authors.affiliation: e Pathology, ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.
authors.forename: Christian N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Paxton
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.|b Division of Hematology/Oncology , Primary Children's Hospital , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.
authors.forename: Angelica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Putnam
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Germ cell tumor; Klinefelter syndrome; acute leukemia; cytogenetics; megakaryoblastic leukemia; microarray