title: Meta-analysis for genome-wide association studies using case-control design: application and practice.
abstract: This review aimed to arrange the process of a systematic review of genome-wide association studies in order to practice and apply a genome-wide meta-analysis (GWMA). The process has a series of five steps: searching and selection, extraction of related information, evaluation of validity, meta-analysis by type of genetic model, and evaluation of heterogeneity. In contrast to intervention meta-analyses, GWMA has to evaluate the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in the third step and conduct meta-analyses by five potential genetic models, including dominant, recessive, homozygote contrast, heterozygote contrast, and allelic contrast in the fourth step. The 'genhwcci' and 'metan' commands of STATA software evaluate the HWE and calculate a summary effect size, respectively. A meta-regression using the 'metareg' command of STATA should be conducted to evaluate related factors of heterogeneities.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology Research, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sungryul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jiyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Wonguen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Education, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: In-Soo
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Myon
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000379:methods; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics
keywords: Genetic models; Genome-wide association study; Meta-analysis; Polymorphism; Reviews