title: Development and Evaluation of Buccal Films Based on Chitosan for the Potential Treatment of Oral Candidiasis.
abstract: In this work, chitosan films were prepared by a casting/solvent evaporation methodology using pectin or hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose to form polymeric matrices. Miconazole nitrate, as a model drug, was loaded into such formulations. These polymeric films were characterized in terms of mechanical properties, adhesiveness, and swelling as well as drug release. Besides, the morphology of raw materials and films was investigated by scanning electron microscopy; interactions between polymers were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and drug crystallinity studied by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. In addition, antifungal activity against cultures of the five most important fungal opportunistic pathogens belonging to Candida genus was investigated. Chitosan:hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose films were found to be the most appropriate formulations in terms of folding endurance, mechanical properties, and adhesiveness. Also, an improvement in the dissolution rate of miconazole nitrate from the films up to 90% compared to the non-loaded drug was observed. The in vitro antifungal activity showed a significant activity of the model drug when it is loaded into chitosan films. These findings suggest that chitosan-based films are a promising approach to deliver miconazole nitrate for the treatment of candidiasis.
authors.affiliation: IQUIR-CONICET, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tejada
authors.affiliation: Área Técnica Farmacéutica, Departamento Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.affiliation: IQUIR-CONICET, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.|Área Bromatología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias de los Alimentos y del Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Piccirilli
authors.affiliation: Área Farmacognosia, Departamento Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.|Centro de Referencia de Micología (CEREMIC), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sortino
authors.affiliation: Área Física, Departamento de Químico-Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frattini
authors.affiliation: IQUIR-CONICET, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.|Área Técnica Farmacéutica, Departamento Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Salomón
authors.affiliation: IQUIR-CONICET, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina. mlamas@fbioyf.unr.edu.ar.|Área Técnica Farmacéutica, Departamento Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina. mlamas@fbioyf.unr.edu.ar.|Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 24 (2000), Rosario, Argentina. mlamas@fbioyf.unr.edu.ar.
authors.forename: María C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lamas
authors.affiliation: IQUIR-CONICET, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina. leonardi@iquir-conicet.gov.ar.|Área Técnica Farmacéutica, Departamento Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina. leonardi@iquir-conicet.gov.ar.|Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 24 (2000), Rosario, Argentina. leonardi@iquir-conicet.gov.ar.
authors.forename: Darío
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leonardi
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000188:drug therapy*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008825:Miconazole / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000930:Antidiarrheals; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011108:Polymers; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D008825:Miconazole; D010368:Pectins; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Candida; buccal films; chitosan; in vitro antifungal assay