title: TGF-β Signaling in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Progress in Basic and Clinical Research.
abstract: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily proteins have many important biological functions, including regulation of tissue differentiation, cell proliferation, and migration in both normal and cancer cells. Many studies have reported that TGF-β signaling is associated with disease progression and therapeutic resistance in several cancers. Similarly, TGF-β-induced protein (TGFBI)-a downstream component of the TGF-β signaling pathway-has been shown to promote and/or inhibit cancer. Here, we review the state of basic and clinical research on the roles of TGF-β and TGFBI in gastrointestinal cancers.
authors.affiliation: Research Program for Omics-based Medical Science, Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. bori45@gunma-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokobori
authors.affiliation: Research Program for Omics-based Medical Science, Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. m.nishiyama@gunma-u.ac.jp.|Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. m.nishiyama@gunma-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
keywords: EMT; TGF-β signaling; TGFBI; gastrointestinal cancer; tumor promoter; tumor suppressor