title: Histopathologic comparison of condylar hyperplasia and condylar osteochondroma by using different staining methods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to investigate the application and differential diagnostic value of safranin O staining, safranin-fast green staining, and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) immunohistochemistry with regard to condylar hyperplasia and condylar osteochondroma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histopathologic presence was evaluated by using hematoxylin and eosin staining, safranin O staining, safranin-fast green staining, and immunohistochemistry of Runx2 in postoperative specimens of normal condyle (control), condylar hyperplasia, and condylar osteochondroma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Safranin O staining clearly highlighted the tissue structure of the condylar cartilage, especially the hypertrophic layer. The safranin-fast green method showed a contrast in staining between cartilage and subchondral cancellous bone in the condyle specimens. Both methods were better than hematoxylin and eosin staining for morphologically distinguishing condylar hyperplasia and condylar osteochondroma. The expression of Runx2 in condylar hyperplasia was significantly greater than that in condylar osteochondroma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated that safranin O staining and safranin-fast green staining are effective staining methods to differentiate between condylar hyperplasia and condylar osteochondroma. Immunohistochemistry findings suggested that Runx2 is valuable in the differential diagnosis of these two diseases.
authors.affiliation: West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huanzhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jiayang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dongming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, P. R. China. Electronic address: fwross10@sina.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China. Electronic address: Luoen521125@sina.com.
authors.forename: En
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D050657:Core Binding Factor alpha Subunits; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D015831:Osteochondroma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010619:Phenazines; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D050657:Core Binding Factor alpha Subunits; D010619:Phenazines; C009195:safranine T