title: Competent processing techniques for scaffolds in tissue engineering.
abstract: Engineering a functional tissue ex vivo requires a synchronized effort towards developing technologies for ECM mimicking scaffold and cultivating tissue-specific cells in an integrated and controlled manner. Cell-interactive scaffolds in three dimensions (3D), designed and processed appropriately with an apt biomaterial to yield optimal porosity and mechanical strength is the key in tissue engineering (TE). In order to accomplish these facets in a 3D scaffold, multiple techniques and processes have been explored by researchers all over the world. New techniques offering reasonable flexibility to use blends of different materials for integrated tissue-specific mechanical strength and biocompatibility have an edge over conventional methods. They may allow a combinatorial approach with a mix of materials while incorporating multiple processing techniques for successful creation of tissue-specific ECM mimics. In this review, we analyze the material requirement from different TE perspectives, while discussing pros and cons of advanced fabrication techniques for scale-up manufacturing.
authors.affiliation: ExCel Matrix Biological Devices (P) Ltd, Hyderabad, India; Laboratory for Biomaterilas, Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: ranjna_dutta@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Ranjna C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Biomaterilas, Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Madhuri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: ExCel Matrix Biological Devices (P) Ltd, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Aroop K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Biomaterilas, Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: bikram@mrc.iisc.ernet.in.
authors.forename: Bikramjit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Basu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005109:Extracellular Matrix; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials
keywords: Extracellular matrix (ECM); Fabrication techniques; Regenerative medicine; Scaffolds; Tissue engineering