title: Management and Outcomes of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in US Renal Transplant Recipients.
abstract: Renal transplantation is associated with reduction in the risk for myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with chronic kidney disease requiring long-term dialysis (stage 5D CKD). Whether outcomes of MI differ among renal transplant recipients vs patients with stage 5D CKD or those without CKD has not been well examined.
  
  
  
  To compare in-hospital reperfusion rates and outcomes of ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) in renal transplant recipients vs the stage 5D CKD group or the non-CKD group.
  
  
  
  The National Inpatient Sample database was queried to identify patients 18 years or older who were hospitalized with the principal diagnosis of STEMI. All hospitalizations for STEMI in the United States from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2013, were included. Codes from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, were used to identify patients in the non-CKD, stage 5D CKD, or prior renal transplant groups. Data were analyzed from March to May 2016.
  
  
  
  In-hospital mortality.
  
  
  
  From 2003 to 2013, 2 319 002 patients in the non-CKD group (34.7% women; 65.3% men; mean [SD] age, 64.2 [14.4] years), 30 072 patients in the stage 5D CKD group (45.0% women; 55.0% men; mean [SD] age, 66.9 [12.5] years), and 2980 patients in the renal transplant group (27.3% women; 72.7% men; mean [SD] age, 57.5 [11.1] years) were identified who were hospitalized with STEMI. Of these, 68.9% of the patients in the non-CKD group, 39.5% in the stage 5D CKD group, and 65.2% in the renal transplant group received in-hospital reperfusion for STEMI. The renal transplant group was more likely to receive reperfusion compared with the stage 5D CKD group (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.83; 95% CI, 1.67-2.01; P < .001) but less likely compared with the non-CKD group (AOR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.68-0.83; P < .001). Risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality among the renal transplant group with STEMI was markedly lower compared with the stage 5D CKD group (AOR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.33-0.43; P < .001) but similar compared with the non-CKD group (AOR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.99-1.31; P = .08). Among renal transplant recipients with STEMI, the use of reperfusion increased from 53.7% in the 2003-2004 interval to 81.4% in the 2011-2013 interval (AOR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.25-1.43; P < .001 for trend), whereas risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality remained unchanged during the study period, from 8.9% in the 2003-2004 interval to 6.1% in the 2011-2013 interval (AOR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.85-1.05; P = .27 for trend).
  
  
  
  In-hospital mortality rates in renal transplant recipients with STEMI are more favorable compared with those of patients with stage 5D CKD and approach those of the general population with STEMI.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York2Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
authors.forename: Tanush
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Dhaval
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kolte
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.
authors.forename: Sahil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khera
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Kashish
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.
authors.forename: Wilbert S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Aronow
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.
authors.forename: Diwakar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Charanjit S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rihal
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Ronald Reagan-UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) Medical Center.
authors.forename: Gregg C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fonarow
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.
authors.forename: Julio A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Panza
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart and Vascular Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Deepak L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bhatt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D000072657:ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D066027:Transplant Recipients; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology