title: The IMPORTance of the Nucleus during Flavivirus Replication.
abstract: Flaviviruses are a large group of arboviruses of significant medical concern worldwide. With outbreaks a common occurrence, the need for efficient viral control is required more than ever. It is well understood that flaviviruses modulate the composition and structure of membranes in the cytoplasm that are crucial for efficient replication and evading immune detection. As the flavivirus genome consists of positive sense RNA, replication can occur wholly within the cytoplasm. What is becoming more evident is that some viral proteins also have the ability to translocate to the nucleus, with potential roles in replication and immune system perturbation. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of flavivirus nuclear localisation, and the function it has during flavivirus infection. We also describe-while closely related-the functional differences between similar viral proteins in their nuclear translocation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. adam.lopez@unimelb.edu.au.|Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia. adam.lopez@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lopez-Denman
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. jason.mackenzie@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D005416:Flavivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018177:Flavivirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: flavivirus; karyopherins; nuclear localisation sequence; nuclear pore complex; nucleus; transport