title: Treatment of oral mucosal manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host disease: dexamethasone vs. budesonide.
abstract: The oral mucosa is commonly involved in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Oral mucosal cGVHD markedly affect individual's daily function and wellbeing. In some cases, it might become a life threating complication. Areas covered: This article describes the rationale for treatment, method of topical application in the oral cavity, evidence supporting the topical administration of dexamethasone and budesonide for oral cGVHD, and their adverse effects. Expert opinion: Evidence supports the use of topical dexamethasone and budesonide for treatment of oral cGVHD. Topical corticosteroid choice for oral cGVHD, takes into consideration the potency, bioavailability, preferred concentration, and possible adverse effects. Budesonide's pharmacological characteristics mark it as a preferable topical agent for oral cGVHD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation and Maxillofacial Imaging , Hadassah-Hebrew University School of Dental Medicine , Jerusalem , Israel.|b Department of Oral Medicine , The Oral and Maxillofacial Center, Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces , Tel Hashomer , Israel.
authors.forename: Yehuda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zadik
authors.affiliation: c Division of Oral Medicine, Hospital General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA.|d Wilmot Cancer Center , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elad
authors.affiliation: e Pharmacy Division , Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel.
authors.forename: Anat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shapira
authors.affiliation: f Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department , Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel.
authors.forename: Michael Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Shapira
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D019819:Budesonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D019819:Budesonide; D003907:Dexamethasone
keywords: Budesonide; chronic graft-versus-host disease; dexamethasone; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; mucosa; oral; oral medicine; pain