title: The chemical compound bubblin induces stomatal mispatterning in Arabidopsis by disrupting the intrinsic polarity of stomatal lineage cells.
abstract: Stem cell polarization is a crucial step in asymmetric cell division, which is a universal system for generating cellular diversity in multicellular organisms. Several conventional genetics studies have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying cell polarization in plants, but it remains largely unknown. In plants, stomata, which are valves for gas exchange, are generated through several rounds of asymmetric divisions. In this study, we identified and characterized a chemical compound that affects stomatal stem cell polarity. High-throughput screening for bioactive molecules identified a pyridine-thiazole derivative, named bubblin, which induced stomatal clustering in Arabidopsis epidermis. Bubblin perturbed stomatal asymmetric division, resulting in the generation of two identical daughter cells. Both cells continued to express the stomatal fate determinant SPEECHLESS, and then differentiated into mispatterned stomata. Bubblin-treated cells had a defect in the polarized localization of BREAKING OF ASYMMETRY IN THE STOMATAL LINEAGE (BASL), which is required for asymmetric cell fate determination. Our results suggest that bubblin induces stomatal lineage cells to divide without BASL-dependent pre-mitotic establishment of polarity. Bubblin is a potentially valuable tool for investigating cell polarity establishment in stomatal asymmetric division.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.|Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeo S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sugano
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawase
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shirakawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.|Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Center for Integrated Research in Science, Shimane University, Matsue 690-8504, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hara-Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan tshimada@gr.bot.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2101-1003
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D060049:Asymmetric Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000187:drug effects; D019070:Cell Lineage; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C000622313:4-(4-bromophenyl)-2-pyridin-3-yl-1,3-thiazole; D013844:Thiazoles
keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana; Asymmetric division; Cell polarity; Chemical biology; Stomata