title: Using effective connectivity analyses to understand processing architecture: Response to commentaries by Samuel, Spivey and McQueen, Eisner and Norris.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, 100 Cambridge St., rm 2030, Boston, MA 02114 ; Department of Psychology, Salem State University, 352 Lafayette St., Salem, MA 01970 ; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging. Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth St., S2301, Charlestown, MA.02129 ; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., E25-519, Cambridge, MA 02139.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Gow
authors.affiliation: University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655.
authors.forename: Bruna B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Olson
keywords: effective connectivity; interactive processing; localization; modularity; semantic context effect; sentential context effect; speech perception; task effect; top-down processing