title: Comparisons of Subthreshold Versus Full Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Distinguished by Subjective Functional Impairment Among Train Drivers: A Population-Based Nationwide Study in South Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder (SPTSD), a condition that meets the full symptomatic criteria of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) without subjective functional impairment, has yet to be fully investigated. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of SPTSD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The web-based survey including psychiatric diagnosis and experience of human error was conducted in actively working train drivers in South Korea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 4,634 subjects, 103 (2.23%) were categorized as full PTSD and 322 (6.96%) were categorized as having SPTSD. Individuals with full PTSD showed higher impulsivity and anxiety compared to those with SPTSD and those without PTSD, while those with SPTSD had more frequent clinically meaningful depression, posttraumatic stress, and alcohol and nicotine dependence and significant human error.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite not qualifying as a subjective functional disability, SPTSD still had significant psychiatric symptoms. More clinical attentions need to be given to the diagnosis and treatment of SPTSD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hae
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bin-Na
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fava
authors.affiliation: Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mischoulon
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dongsoo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Hong Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
keywords: Human error; PTSD; Subthreshold; Train driver