title: Clinical characteristics and epidermal barrier function of papulopustular rosacea: A comparison study with acne vulgaris.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical characteristics and epidermal barrier function of papulopustular rosacea by comparing with acne vulgaris.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and sixty-three papulopustular rosacea patients and four hundred and twelve acne vulgaris patients were selected for the study in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from March 2015 to May 2016. They were analyzed for major facial lesions, self-conscious symptoms and epidermal barrier function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Erythema, burning, dryness and itching presented in papulopustular rosacea patients were significantly higher than that in acne vulgaris patients (P<0.001). The clinical scores of erythema, burning, dryness and itching in papulopustular rosacea patients were significantly higher than those in acne vulgaris patients (P<0.001). The water content of the stratum cornuem and skin surface lipid level were both significantly lower in papulopustular rosacea patients than that of the acne vulgaris patients (P<0.001) and healthy subjects (P<0.001); Water content of the stratum cornuem and skin surface lipid level were higher in acne vulgaris patients in comparison with that of healthy subjects (P>0.05,P<0.001; respectively). Transepidermal water loss was significantly higher in papulopustular rosacea patients than that of acne vulgaris patients and healthy subjects (P<0.001); transepidermal water loss was lower in skin of acne vulgaris patients than that of healthy subjects (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Erythema, burning, dryness and itching are the characteristics of papulopustular rosacea, which makes it different from acne vulgaris. The epidermal barrier function was damaged in papulopustular rosacea patients while not impaired in that of acne vulgaris patients.
authors.affiliation: Maosong Zhou, Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Maosong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Hongfu Xie, Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Hongfu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Lin Cheng, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Ji Li, Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Acne vulgaris; Epidermal barrier function; Papulopustular rosacea; Transepidermal water loss