title: Effects of arsenic on porcine dendritic cells in vitro.
abstract: Exposure to arsenic (As) is an ongoing, and in some places increasing, health problem. Still, however, the effects of As exposure on the immune system are not well understood. Dendritic cells (DC) are a critical immune cell that bridges the innate and adaptive immune systems. To determine the impact of inorganic (i)As exposure on DC, the effects of (geo)anthropogenically relevant levels of NaAsO2on the function of porcine monocyte-derived DC (MoDC) were evaluated in an in vitro model. The results showed a low dose of iAs reduced the phagocytic capacity of MoDC. Furthermore, although surface expression of DC activation markers, such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II, CD80/86, CD40 and CD25, were only slightly changed, MoDC T-cell proliferation-inducing capacity was remarkably diminished by iAs treatment. Additionally, iAs induced significant interleukin (IL)-6 secretion by MoDC after 12- or 24-h incubation, whereas IL-1β secretion was only significantly up-regulated after 12 h. The secretion patterns of IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα and IL-10 by iAs-treated MoDC were almost similar to that by mock-treated MoDC. Considering the broad roles of DC in immunobiology, this finding deepens the understanding of molecular mechanisms/functional consequences underpinning the immunopathology, inflammation, and increases in infection arising from As exposure.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Jalil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mehrzad
authors.affiliation: b Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran.
authors.forename: Mohamad Hosein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Mahmudy Gharaie
authors.affiliation: b Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran.
authors.forename: Masumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taheri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001151:Arsenic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D013552:Swine / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Antigen uptake/presentation; T-cell polarization; arsenic; dendritic cell; immunotoxicity; porcine; pro-inflammatory cytokine; surface molecules