title: Undifferentiated carcinoma of the gallbladder with endothelial differentiation: A case report and literature review.
abstract: Undifferentiated carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare cancer type with a poor prognosis. The present study described a case of undifferentiated gallbladder carcinoma of the spindle- and giant-cell type, according to the 2010 World Health Organization classification. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that the tumor consisted of dense interlacing bundles of spindle-shaped cells. No evidence of cartilaginous, osseous or rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation was observed. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that spindle- and polygonal-shaped cells of the undifferentiated carcinoma were positive for cytokeratin AE1/3, vimentin and vascular endothelial growth factor. Furthermore, numerous spindle-shaped cells were positive for cluster of differentiation (CD)34 and CD31, and certain spindle-shaped cells were positive for Factor VIII. These results suggested classification of the present case as 'undifferentiated gallbladder carcinoma with endothelial differentiation'.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sodegaura Satsukidai Hospital, Chiba 299-0246, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furuya
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Chiba 276-8524, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiroshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sodegaura Satsukidai Hospital, Chiba 299-0246, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sodegaura Satsukidai Hospital, Chiba 299-0246, Japan.
authors.forename: Harutoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Alpha Particle and Immunotherapeutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanagie
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8760, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harigaya
authors.affiliation: Surgical Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuhara
keywords: World Health Organization; endothelial differentiation; gallbladder; immunohistochemical staining; undifferentiated carcinoma