title: Sex-Specific Muscular Maturation Responses Following Prenatal Exposure to Methylation-Related Micronutrients in Pigs.
abstract: Supplementation of micronutrients involved in DNA methylation, particularly during pregnancy, is recommended because of its impacts on human health, but further evidence is needed regarding the effects of over-supplementation and differences between sexes. Here, a porcine model was used to assess effects of maternal supplementation with one-carbon-cycle compounds during prenatal and postnatal stages on offspring muscle development. Sows received either a standard diet (CON) or a standard diet supplemented with folate, B6, B12, methionine, choline, and zinc (MET) throughout gestation. Myogenesis-, growth-, and nutrient utilization-related transcript expression was assessed using quantitative PCR. Organismal phenotype and gene expression effects differed significantly between males and females. Male MET-offspring showed increased fetal weight during late pregnancy but decreased live weight postnatally, with compensatory transcriptional responses comprising myogenic key drivers (Pax7,MyoD1,myogenin). In contrast, female weights were unaffected by diet, and mRNA abundances corresponded to a phenotype of cellular reorganization viaFABP3,FABP4,SPP1and Insulin-like Growth Factor-signaling. These findings in an animal model suggest that supplementation during pregnancy with methylation-related micronutrients can promote sex-specific myogenic maturation processes related to organismal growth and muscle metabolism. The usage of maternal dietary supplements should be more carefully considered regarding its ability to promote fetal and postnatal health.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. oster@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oster
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. trakooljul@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
authors.forename: Nares
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Trakooljul
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. reyer@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reyer
authors.affiliation: Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Animal Nutrition, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 11, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany. annette.zeyner@landw.uni-halle.de.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeyner
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. murani@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muráni
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. ponsuksili@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
authors.forename: Siriluck
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ponsuksili
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. wimmers@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wimmers
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D015870:Gene Expression; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D023421:Models, Animal; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018008:Myogenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D018977:Micronutrients; D017570:MyoD Protein; D018008:Myogenin; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor; D053495:Osteopontin
keywords: fetal programming; maternal diet; methyl donors; myogenesis; one-carbon cycle; pigs