title: Association between bone scan index and activities of daily living in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: The aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between the bone scan index (BSI) and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  
  Among patients with advanced NSCLC, subjects who underwent bone scintigraphy were recruited from this study. Clinical information about patients, including the Barthel Index of ADL, was extracted from their medical charts. Variables including the age, sex, BSI, presence/absence skeletal-related events (SREs), diagnostic state (initial vs. relapse), and history of use of certain medications (e.g. opiates) were evaluated as factors possibly associated with the Barthel Index. In Addition, associations between these factors, including the Barthel Index, with the overall survival were also assessed.
  
  
  
  A total of 111 patients with bone metastases were selected. The BSI and Barthel Index of the patients were 1.59 ± 2.25 and 69.7 ± 19.6, respectively. Multivariable analysis identified age (≥70 years), a high BSI (≥1.0), and presence of SREs were as factors statistically significantly associated with lower values of the Barthel Index (<75). On the other hand, Cox proportional hazards analysis identified low values of the Barthel Index (<75), use of opiates, and male sex as significant factors associated with a shorter overall survival; the BSI was not associated with the overall survival in the patients with advanced NSCLC in this study.
  
  
  
  The results suggest that a high BSI (≥1.0) is an independent predictor of poor ADL in patients with NSCLC, while showing no correlation with the overall survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan. itoikuno@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Ikuno
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Mertopolitan Geniatric and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimiteru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horibe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karita
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nishizaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shindo
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Activities of daily living; Bone metastasis; Bone scan; Bone scan index; Lung cancer