title: Effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2) inhibitors are a new class of drugs which reversibly block the glucose reabsorption that occurs in the kidneys. Since their mechanisms of action do not rely on insulin secretion, they constitute a complementary alternative to the classic treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A glycemic level reduction in patients who used SGLT2 inhibitors due to the reversible block of their transporters could be observed. Associated with this, there was a reduction in body weight and blood pressure (BP) caused by osmotic diuresis. Few adverse effects and low drug interaction combined with antihyperglycemic effects are some of the benefits of these inhibitors widely discussed in clinical trials. Patients with history of urogenital infections or those on diuretics must be carefully evaluated before the administration of these drugs. While a promising class of drugs indicated as a treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, SGLT2 inhibitors should not be prescribed for individuals with severe renal or hepatic impairment. Therefore, as there are only a few situations in which they should not be indicated, the efficacy, safety and tolerability of these inhibitors allow them to be used in a wide range of patients. Nevertheless, further researches are required so that the possible long-term risks can be studied and the benefits associated with their use can be more objectively elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology of ABC Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil. feder2005@gmail.com.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Ribola
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Cançado
authors.forename: J H M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Schoueri
authors.forename: V F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: De Toni
authors.forename: V H R
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Feder
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C089180:SLC5A2 protein, human; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors