title: Factors Related to Urinary Incontinence among the Malaysian Elderly.
abstract: Urinary incontinence is a prevalent condition in the elderly that is the spontaneous leakage of urine. It is an age-related problem and increases especially in people aged above 65 years. It can cause many psychological, behavioral, biological, economic and social effects. The treatment of urinary incontinence can reduce morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effects of variables including age, ethnicity, gender, education, marital status, body weight, blood elements and nutritional parameters on urinary incontinence among the Malaysian elderly.
  
  
  
  The study was on 2322 non-institutionalized Malaysian elderly. The hierarchy logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the risk of independent variables for urinary incontinence among respondents.
  
  
  
  The findings indicated that approximately 3.80% of subjects had urinary incontinence. In addition, constipation was found a significant factor that increased the risk of urinary incontinence in samples (p=0.006; OR=3.77). The increase in dietary monounsaturated fat (p=0.038; OR=0.59) and plasma triglyceride levels (p=0.029; OR=0.56) significantly reduced the risk of incontinence in subjects. Many of suspected variables including socio-demographic factors, diseases, nutritional minerals, blood components and body weight were non-relevant factors to urinary incontinence in respondents.
  
  
  
  Constipation increased the risk of urinary incontinence in subjects, and increase in dietary monounsaturated fat and plasma triglyceride levels decreased the risk.
authors.affiliation: Tengku Aizan Hamid, Malaysian Research on Aging (MyAging), University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, E-mail: aizan@upm.edu.my.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Eshkoor
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahar
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Mun
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003248:Constipation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides