title: GPER Promoter Methylation Controls GPER Expression in Breast Cancer Patients.
abstract: Recently, we found that G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) protein expression decreased during breast carcinogenesis, and that GPER promoter is methylated. Here we analyzed GPER promoter methylation in 260 primary breast cancer specimens by methylation-specific polymerized chain reaction. The results demonstrated that GPER protein down-regulation significantly correlated with GPER promoter hypermethylation (p < .001). Comparison of 108 tumors and matched normal breast tissues indicated a significant GPER down-regulation in cancer tissues correlating with GPER promoter hypermethylation (p < .001). The latter was an unfavorable factor for overall survival of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (p = .025). Thus GPER promoter hypermethylation might be used as a prognostic factor.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany.|b Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weissenborn
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ignatov
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nass
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kalinski
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Serban
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dan Costa
authors.affiliation: b Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Ana Claudia
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Zenclussen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Atanas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ignatov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008875:Middle Aged; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C109584:GPER1 protein, human; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
keywords: Breast cancer; GPER; GPR30; Promoter methylation