title: Hydrolysis of carotenoid esters fromTagetes erectaby the action of lipases fromYarrowia lipolytica.
abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of enzymatic hydrolysis of carotenoid esters fromTagetes erectausing lipases from the yeast ofYarrowia lipolytica, with the aim of obtaining free lutein. The optimal concentrations of seven nutrients, considering the production of lipases relative to biomass (Yp/x) as the response variable, were determined in flask fermentations. In addition, we studied the effect on hydrolysis of growingY. lipolyticain the presence of the oleoresin of the marigold flower in flask and stirred tank. Furthermore, hydrolysis of the oleoresin using the lipases from this microorganism was compared with the hydrolysis using lipases fromRhizopus oryzae. Cultured in the presence of marigold oleoresin,Y. lipolyticashowed an increase in free carotenoids of 12.41% in flask and 8.8% in stirred tank, representing a fourfold and a threefold increase compared to the initial value in the fermentation, respectively. When lipases from the supernatant from both microorganisms were used for only 14 h hydrolysis experiments, a slight increase was achieved compared to a blank. We concluded that carotenoid esters of the oleoresin could not be completely hydrolyzed in 14 h by these lipases, but that growingY. lipolyticain the presence of marigold oleoresin gives until fourfold production of free carotenoids in 72 h fermentations.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Av. Tecnológico y A.G. Cubas s/n, 38010 Celaya, Gto Mexico.
authors.forename: Abraham Figueiras
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Abdala
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, 76010 Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro de Arteaga Mexico.
authors.forename: Alfonso Pérez
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Gallardo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Av. Tecnológico y A.G. Cubas s/n, 38010 Celaya, Gto Mexico.
authors.forename: Lorenzo Guevara
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Olvera
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Av. Tecnológico y A.G. Cubas s/n, 38010 Celaya, Gto Mexico.
authors.forename: Eleazar Máximo Escamilla
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Silva
keywords: Carotenoid esters; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Free lutein; Tagetes erecta; Yarrowia lipolytica