title: Benefits of object-oriented models and ModeliChart: modern tools and methods for the interdisciplinary research on smart biomedical technology.
abstract: Computational models of biophysical systems generally constitute an essential component in the realization of smart biomedical technological applications. Typically, the development process of such models is characterized by a great extent of collaboration between different interdisciplinary parties. Furthermore, due to the fact that many underlying mechanisms and the necessary degree of abstraction of biophysical system models are unknown beforehand, the steps of the development process of the application are iteratively repeated when the model is refined. This paper presents some methods and tools to facilitate the development process. First, the principle of object-oriented (OO) modeling is presented and the advantages over classical signal-oriented modeling are emphasized. Second, our self-developed simulation tool ModeliChart is presented. ModeliChart was designed specifically for clinical users and allows independently performing in silico studies in real time including intuitive interaction with the model. Furthermore, ModeliChart is capable of interacting with hardware such as sensors and actuators. Finally, it is presented how optimal control methods in combination with OO models can be used to realize clinically motivated control applications. All methods presented are illustrated on an exemplary clinically oriented use case of the artificial perfusion of the systemic circulation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Automatic Control, RWTH Aachen, Steinbachstraße 54, 52056 Aachen.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4476-8727
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gesenhues
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.affiliation: Institute of Automatic Control, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen.
authors.forename: Maike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ketelhut
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen.
authors.forename: Moriz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Habigt
authors.affiliation: Philips Chair for Medical Information Technology, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rüschen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen.
authors.forename: Mare
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mechelinck
authors.affiliation: Institute of Automatic Control, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen.
authors.forename: Thivaharan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Albin
authors.affiliation: Philips Chair for Medical Information Technology, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leonhardt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmitz-Rode
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossaint
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen.
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Autschbach
authors.affiliation: Institute of Automatic Control, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abel
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D003196:Computer Graphics; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D058025:Interdisciplinary Studies; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011381:Programming Languages; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: ModeliChart; Modelica; Optimica; biophysical systems; hardware interaction; interdisciplinary collaboration; object-oriented modeling; optimal control; simulation