title: Body Image in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury During Inpatient Rehabilitation.
abstract: (1) To investigate the course of body image in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) during their first inpatient rehabilitation stay; and (2) to explore the association between demographic and injury-related variables and body image and the association between body image and psychological distress.
  
  
  
  Longitudinal inception cohort study.
  
  
  
  Rehabilitation center.
  
  
  
  Of the 210 people admitted for their first inpatient SCI rehabilitation program (between March 2011 and April 2015), 188 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, N=150 (80%) agreed to participate.
  
  
  
  Not applicable.
  
  
  
  The Body Experience Questionnaire was used to measure 2 dimensions of body image: alienation and harmony.
  
  
  
  Mean scores on the Body Experience Questionnaire alienation subscale decreased significantly during the rehabilitation program. Mean scores on the Body Experience Questionnaire harmony subscale did not increase significantly but showed a trend in the hypothesized direction. The 2 subscales showed weak correlations with demographic and injury-related variables. The 2 subscales together explained 16% and 14% of the variance of depression and anxiety, respectively, after correction for demographic and injury-related variables.
  
  
  
  During participants' first inpatient rehabilitation stay after SCI, body image progressed toward a healthier state. Body image explains part of the variance in depression and anxiety, and the entire rehabilitation team should be targeting interventions to improve body image.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: t.vandiemen@maartenskliniek.nl.
authors.forename: Tijn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Diemen
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Christel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: van Nes
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geertzen
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Post
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D001828:Body Image / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Body image; Emotional adjustment; Rehabilitation; Spinal cord injuries