title: Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Effects on Bone Health.
abstract: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the most common cause of chronic hypercalcemia. With the advent of routine calcium screening, the classic presentation of renal and osseous symptoms has been largely replaced with mild, asymptomatic disease. In hypercalcemia caused by PHPT, serum parathyroid hormone levels are either high, or inappropriately normal. A single-gland adenoma is responsible for 80% of PHPT cases. Less frequent causes include 4-gland hyperplasia and parathyroid carcinoma. Diminished bone mineral density and nephrolithiasis are the major current clinical sequelae. Parathyroidectomy is the only definitive treatment for PHPT, and in experienced hands, cure rates approach 98%.
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrine Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, 72-182 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Zanocco
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrine Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, 72-250 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: myeh@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Yeh
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000209:etiology; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism; D049950:Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000150:complications; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D016105:Parathyroidectomy
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Bone density; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Osteoporosis; Parathyroid carcinoma; Parathyroid neoplasms