title: Effect of a Low Surface Tension Vehicle on the Dentinal Tubule Penetration of Calcium Hydroxide and Triple Antibiotic Paste.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate dentinal tubule penetration (DTP) of calcium hydroxide (CH) and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) when performed with distilled water (DW) or a low surface tension liquid (ie, propylene glycol [PG]).
  
  
  METHODS
  Root apices of 40 single-rooted premolars were removed to obtain 14-mm roots in length. Root canals were enlarged to simulate immature teeth. After smear layer removal, the roots were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to the root canal medicaments and the vehicles used: group 1:TAP + DW, group 2: TAP + PG, group 3: CH + DW, and group 4:CH + PG. Root canal medicaments were labeled with 0.1% rhodamine and applied into the canals using a Lentulo spiral. Specimens were molded into acrylic blocks, and 1-mm-thick sections were obtained from the middle third of each root. Specimens were mounted onto glass slides and scanned under a confocal laser scanning microscope. DTP depth, percentage, and area were measured using imaging software. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at P < .05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was found among the experimental groups in terms of both percentage and depth of DTP (P > .05). CH had a lower penetration area compared with TAP regardless of the vehicle used (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low surface tension vehicle did not alter the penetration of CH and TAP.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: gusefdeniz@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deniz Sungur
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hacer
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aksel
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nuhan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Purali
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003804:Dentin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D019946:Propylene Glycol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011897:Random Allocation; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013500:Surface Tension; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D014867:Water; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide
keywords: Calcium hydroxide; propylene glycol; triple antibiotic paste; tubule penetration