title: Effects of Combined Treatment with Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Citric Acid, L-Carnitine, Coenzyme Q10, Zinc, and Various Vitamins in Tumor-Bearing Mice.
abstract: A functional dietary supplement (FDS) containing Coenzyme Q10, branched-chain amino acids and L-carnitine was administered to tumor-bearing mice, investigating its effects on tumor and muscle tissues. Experiment (A): B16 melanoma cells were implanted subcutaneously into the right side of the abdomen of 8- to 9-week-old C57BL/6J mice. The mice were divided into two groups: a FDS group that received oral administration of FDS (n=10), and a control group that received oral administration of glucose (n=10). The moribund condition was used as the endpoint, and median survival time was determined. Experiment (B): On day 21 after tumor implantation, tumors, soleus muscle, gastrocnemius muscle, and suprahyoid muscles were collected. Tumor and muscle weight and other aspects were evaluated in each group: FDS group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The median survival time was comparable (21 d in the FDS group vs. 18 d in the control group, p=0.30). However, cumulative food intake was significantly higher in the FDS group than the control group (p=0.011). Metastasis of melanoma to the lung was observed in the control group but not in the FDS group (p=0.043). The weight of the suprahyoid muscles was significantly higher in the FDS group than in the control group (p=0.0045). The weight of the tumor was significantly lower in the FDS group than in the control group (p=0.013). The results possibly suggest oral administration of FDS in tumor-bearing mice enhances the maintenance of suprahyoid muscles, resulting in an extended feeding period and suppression of tumor growth and metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Palliative Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Awa
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Futamura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higashiguchi
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Naoharu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Miyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murai
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chihara
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
mesh_terms: D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002100:Cachexia / Q000517:prevention & control; D002331:Carnitine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; D018977:Micronutrients; D014815:Vitamins; D014451:Ubiquinone; D019343:Citric Acid; C024989:coenzyme Q10; D015032:Zinc; D002331:Carnitine