title: Galantamine has impact on immunity in mice exposed to keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
abstract: In this work, we hypothesized whether galantamine could interact with the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and modulate immunity this way.
  
  
  
  Galantamine is a drug used for the therapy of Alzheimer disease. The drug inhibits enzyme acetylcholinesterase in the central nervous system, which causes better availability of neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
  
  
  
  In the experiment, we immunized BALB/c laboratory mice by keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in combination with galantamine in a dose 0.02-0.5 mg/kg. The animals were sacrificed from 1 to 7 days after the substances applications and plasma was collected in order to examine immunochemical markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  
  We found significant drop in production of immunoglobulins and interleukin (IL) 4 level while IL2, IL4 and tumour necrosis factor α remained unaltered for the whole experiment. We infer that galantamine causes better availability of acetylcholine also in blood system, where the neurotransmitter interacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on macrophages and initiates cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
  
  
  
  In a conclusion, galantamine can cause lower efficacy of vaccination or immunity response to an infectious disease and the phenomenon should be taken into consideration in the current therapy (Tab. 1, Fig. 2, Ref. 24).
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pohanka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zakova
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fusek
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000097:blood; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005702:Galantamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D005702:Galantamine; D006433:Hemocyanins; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin; D000109:Acetylcholine
keywords: acetylcholinesterase; alzheimer disease; cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway; galantamine; inflammation; macrophage inhibition.