title: ATM participates in the regulation of viability and cell cycle via ellipticine in bladder cancer.
abstract: Ellipticine, an alkaloid isolated from Apocyanaceae plants, has been demonstrated to exhibit antitumor activity in several cancers. However, the effect and the mechanisms underlying its action have not been investigated in human bladder cancer cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of ellipticine on the behavior of T‑24 bladder cancer cells. T‑24 cells were treated with varying concentrations and durations of ellipticine. Cell viability was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. Cell motility was analyzed by Transwell migration assay. Flow cytometry, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were performed to detect the cell cycle and signaling pathways involved. The results demonstrated that ellipticine suppressed proliferation and inhibited the migration ability of T‑24 bladder cancer cells in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, and resulted in G2/M cell cycle arrest. The mechanism of this action was demonstrated to be due to ellipticine‑triggered activation of the ATM serine/threonine kinase pathway. These data therefore suggest that ellipticine may be effective towards treating human bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuixiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiangyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D000071877:Checkpoint Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004611:Ellipticines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004611:Ellipticines; C034192:ellipticine; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D000071877:Checkpoint Kinase 1; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases