title: Heteroplasmy due to coexistence of mtCOI haplotypes from different lineages of the Thrips tabaci cryptic species group.
abstract: Heteroplasmy is the existence of multiple mitochondrial DNA haplotypes within the cell. Although the number of reports of heteroplasmy is increasing for arthropods, the occurrence, number of variants, and origins are not well studied. In this research, the occurrence of heteroplasmy was investigated in Thrips tabaci, a putative species complex whose lineages can be distinguished by their mitochondrial DNA haplotypes. The results from this study showed that heteroplasmy was due to the occurrence of mitochondrial cytochrome oxydase I (mtCOI) haplotypes from two different T. tabaci lineages. An assay using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time PCR was then used to quantify the per cell copy number of the two mtCOI haplotypes present in individuals exhibiting heteroplasmy from nine geographically distant populations in India. All of the T. tabaci individuals in this study were found to exhibit heteroplasmy, and in every individual the per cell copy number of mtCOI from lineage 3 comprised 75-98% of the haplotypes detected and was variable among individuals tested. There was no evidence to suggest that the presense of lineage-specific haplotypes was due to nuclear introgression; however, further studies are needed to investigate nuclear introgression and paternal leakage during rare interbreeding between individuals from lineages 2 and 3.
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research,Rajgurunagar,Pune 410505,India.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Gawande
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research,Rajgurunagar,Pune 410505,India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anandhan
authors.affiliation: ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research,Rajgurunagar,Pune 410505,India.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ingle
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology,Auburn University,Auburn,Alabama 36849,334-844-5011,USA.
authors.forename: Alana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology,ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research,Hessarghatta Lake,Bangalore 560089,India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asokan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D006239:Haplotypes; D010802:Phylogeny; D061149:Thysanoptera / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
keywords: 
                 Thrips tabaci
              ; arrhenotoky; heteroplasmy; sex lineages; thelytoky