title: Wood-derived-biochar combined with compost or iron grit for in situ stabilization of Cd, Pb, and Zn in a contaminated soil.
abstract: In situ stabilization of Cd, Pb, and Zn in an Austrian agricultural soil contaminated by atmospheric depositions from a smelter plant was assessed with a pine bark chip-derived biochar, alone and in combination with either compost or iron grit. Biochar amendment was also trialed in an uncontaminated soil to detect any detrimental effect. The pot experiment consisted in ten soil treatments (% w/w): untreated contaminated soil (Unt); Unt soil amended with biochar alone (1%: B1; 2.5%: B2.5) and in combination: B1 and B2.5 + 5% compost (B1C and B2.5C), B1 and B2.5 + 1% iron grit (B1Z and B2.5Z); uncontaminated soil (Ctrl); Ctrl soil amended with 1 or 2.5% biochar (CtrlB1, CtrlB2.5). After a 3-month reaction period, the soil pore water (SPW) was sampled in potted soils and dwarf beans were grown for a 2-week period. The SPW Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations decreased in all amended-contaminated soils. The biochar effects increased with its addition rate and its combination with either compost or iron grit. Shoot Cd and Zn removals by beans were reduced and shoot Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations decreased to common values in all amended soils except the B1 soil. Decreases in the SPW Cd/Pb/Zn concentrations did not improve the root and shoot yields of plants as compared to the Ctrl soil.
authors.affiliation: BIOGECO, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33615, Pessac cedex, France. oustriere.nadege@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nadège
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oustriere
authors.affiliation: BIOGECO, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33615, Pessac cedex, France.
authors.forename: Lilian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marchand
authors.affiliation: BIOGECO, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33615, Pessac cedex, France.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosette
authors.affiliation: Energy Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Friesl-Hanl
authors.affiliation: BIOGECO, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33615, Pessac cedex, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mench
mesh_terms: D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; D007501:Iron
keywords: Metal; Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Phytomanagement; Soil contamination; Soil pore water