title: Association of Serum MiR-142-3p and MiR-101-3p Levels with Acute Cellular Rejection after Heart Transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Identifying non-invasive and reliable blood-derived biomarkers for early detection of acute cellular rejection in heart transplant recipients is of great importance in clinical practice. MicroRNAs are small molecules found to be stable in serum and their expression patterns reflect both physiological and underlying pathological conditions in human.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared a group of heart transplant recipients with histologically-verified acute cellular rejection (ACR, n = 26) with a control group of heart transplant recipients without allograft rejection (NR, n = 37) by assessing the levels of a select set of microRNAs in serum specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of seven microRNAs, miR-142-3p, miR-101-3p, miR-424-5p, miR-27a-3p, miR-144-3p, miR-339-3p and miR-326 were significantly higher in ACR group compared to the control group and could discriminate between patients with and without allograft rejection. MiR-142-3p and miR-101-3p had the best diagnostic test performance among the microRNAs tested. Serum levels of miR-142-3p and miR-101-3p were independent of calcineurin inhibitor levels, as measured by tacrolimus and cyclosporin; kidney function, as measured by creatinine level, and general inflammation state, as measured by CRP level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated two microRNAs, miR-142-3p and miR-101-3p, that could be relevant as non-invasive diagnostic tools for identifying heart transplant patients with acute cellular rejection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ihdina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sukma Dewi
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Organ Failure (PROOF) Centre of Excellence, Vancouver, Canada.|UBC James Hogg Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Organ Failure (PROOF) Centre of Excellence, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Karen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: netCAD, Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Janet-Wilson
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Organ Failure (PROOF) Centre of Excellence, Vancouver, Canada.|UBC James Hogg Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada.|Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.|Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Scott J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tebbutt
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Organ Failure (PROOF) Centre of Excellence, Vancouver, Canada.|Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Raymond T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Keown
authors.affiliation: Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: McMaster
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Organ Failure (PROOF) Centre of Excellence, Vancouver, Canada.|UBC James Hogg Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada.|Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.|Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Bruce M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Olof
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gidlöf
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Öhman
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D015415:Biomarkers; C491861:CABIN1 protein, human; C534072:MIRN101 microRNA, human; C555159:MIRN142 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D016572:Cyclosporine; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003404:Creatinine; D016559:Tacrolimus