title: Evidence of low prevalence of mycobacterial lymphadenitis in wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Poland.
abstract: Mycobacterium spp. and Rhodococcus equi are generally regarded as the main causes of lymphadenitis in pigs and wild boars. In Poland, mycobacterial submandibular lymphadenitis was first diagnosed in a wild boar in 2012 but Mycobacterium spp. infections are also present in the Polish population of European bison (Bison bonasus). The prevalence of lymphadenitis in Polish wild boars has been found to 8.4% (95% CI 6.2-11.3%) and it has been proved that R. equi is not an important cause of purulent lesions in these animals. The current study was carried out to assess the prevalence of mycobacterial lymphadenitis in the Polish wild boar population. Submandibular lymph nodes with purulent lesions collected from 38 wild boars in 2010/2011 and negative for R. equi were included. Calculations based on the hypergeometric approximation were used to determine the probability that at least one positive individual would be detected if the infection had been present at a prevalence greater than or equal to the design prevalence. All 38 samples were negative for Mycobacterium spp. [0% (95% CI 0, 9.2%)]. Epidemiological analysis showed that the true prevalence was 95% likely to be lower than 10%. In conclusion, mycobacterial lymphadenitis seems to occur rarely in wild boars in Poland. Due to the presence of Mycobacterium spp. infections in other wildlife, the surveillance of mycobacterial infections in wild animals in Poland remains an important issue.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland. lucjan_witkowski@sggw.pl.
authors.forename: Lucjan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1069-3384
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Witkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Blanka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Orłowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rzewuska
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czopowicz
authors.affiliation: Voivodeship Veterinary Inspectorate in Krosno, ks. Piotra Ściegiennego 6 A, 38-400, Krosno, Poland.
authors.forename: Mirosław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Welz
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anusz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008199:Lymphadenitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Abscess; Mycobacterium spp.; Wildlife