title: Chromosomal organization of repetitive DNAs inHordeum bogdaniiandH. brevisubulatum(Poaceae).
abstract: Molecular karyotypes ofHordeum bogdaniiWilensky, 1918 (2n = 14), and Hordeum brevisubulatum Link, 1844 ssp. brevisubulatum (2n = 28), were characterized by physical mapping of several repetitive sequences. A total of 18 repeats, including all possible di- or trinucleotide SSR (simple sequence repeat) motifs and satellite DNAs, such as pAs1, 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and pSc119.2, were used as probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization on root-tip metaphase chromosomes. Except for the SSR motifs AG, AT and GC, all the repeats we examined produced detectable hybridization signals on chromosomes of both species. A detailed molecular karyotype of the I genome ofHordeum bogdaniiis described for the first time, and each repetitive sequence is physically mapped. A high degree of chromosome variation, including aneuploidy and structural changes, was observed inHordeum brevisubulatum. Although the distribution of repeats in the chromosomes ofHordeum brevisubulatumis different from that ofHordeum bogdanii, similar patterns between the two species imply that the autopolyploid origin ofHordeum brevisubulatumis from aHordeumspecies with an I genome. A comparison of the I genome and the otherHordeumgenomes, H, Xa and Xu, shows that colocalization of motifs AAC, ACT and CAT and colocalization of motifs AAG and AGG are characteristic of the I genome. In addition, we discuss the evolutionary significance of repeats in the genome during genome differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China.
authors.forename: Quanwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China.
authors.forename: Ruijuan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
keywords: FISH; Hordeum bogdanii; Hordeum brevisubulatum; autopolyploid; repetitive sequence