title: Deltamethrin increases the fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: Research has shown that permethrin, a Type-I pyrethroid, increases triglyceride (fat) accumulation in adipocytes. Little is known, however, about any similar effect of deltamethrin, a Type-II pyrethroid, which produces a distinct syndrome of poisoning in mammals compared with permethrin. This study was therefore aimed to explore the role of deltamethrin on fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and Caenorhabditis elegans. Deltamethrin (10 μM) significantly increased the fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and wild type C. elegans compared to respective controls. Deltamethrin decreased the ratio of phosphorylated AMP-activated kinase (pAMPKα) over AMPKα and phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) over ACC, while it increased expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Similarly, deltamethrin potentiated fat accumulation in C. elegans without affecting growth or pharyngeal pumping rate. Moreover, deltamethrin significantly reduced the total progeny number and locomotive activities in C. elegans in a dose-dependent manner. Deltamethrin increased fat accumulation via aak-2 (an ortholog of AMPKα) and nhr-49 (a homolog of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and also downstream target of aak-2) mediated mechanisms. The current work is the first report of the effects of deltamethrin on increased fat storage by 3T3- L1 adipocytes and C. elegans via aak-2 (AMPKα ortholog)-mediated mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
authors.forename: Peiyi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
authors.forename: Tsung-Hsiu
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
authors.forename: Yiren
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
authors.forename: Quancai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Amherst, MA 01003, United States. Electronic address: ypark@foodsci.umass.edu.
authors.forename: Yeonhwa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014280:Triglycerides; C017180:decamethrin; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
keywords: 3T3-L1; C. elegans; Deltamethrin; Fat accumulation; Obesity