title: Association between anxiety and severe quality-of-life impairment in postmenopausal women: analysis of a multicenter Latin American cross-sectional study.
abstract: To evaluate associations between anxiety and severe impairment of quality of life (QoL) in Latin American postmenopausal women.
  
  
  
  This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter cross-sectional study among postmenopausal women aged 40 to 59 from 11 Latin American countries. We evaluated anxiety (The Goldberg Depression and Anxiety Scale), and QoL (Menopause Rating Scale [MRS]), and included sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, and anthropometric variables in the analysis. Poisson family generalized linear models with robust standard errors were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% CIs. There were two adjusted models: a statistical model that included variables associated with the outcomes in bivariate analyses, and an epidemiologic model that included potentially confounding variables from literature review.
  
  
  
  Data from 3,503 women were included; 61.9% had anxiety (Goldberg). Severe QoL impairment (total MRS score ≥17) was present in 13.7% of women, as well as severe symptoms (MRS subscales): urogenital (25.5%), psychological (18.5%), and somatic (4.5%). Anxiety was independently associated with severe QoL impairment and severe symptoms in the epidemiological (MRS total score: PR 3.6, 95% CI, 2.6-5.0; somatic: 5.1, 95% CI, 2.6-10.1; psychological: 2.8, 95% CI, 2.2-3.6; and urogenital: 1.4, 95% CI, 1.2-1.6) and the statistical model (MRS total score: PR 3.5, 95% CI, 2.6-4.9; somatic: 5.0, 95% CI, 2.5-9.9; psychological: 2.9, 95% CI, 2.2-3.7; and urogenital: 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.6).
  
  
  
  In this postmenopausal Latin American sample, anxiety was independently associated with severe QoL impairment. Hence, screening for anxiety in this population is important.
authors.affiliation: 1Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Perú 2Intendencia de Investigación y Desarrollo, Superintendencia Nacional de Salud (SUSALUD), Lima, Perú 3Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC) 4Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile 5Instituto de Biomedicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Núñez-Pizarro
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Luna
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mezones-Holguín
authors.forename: Juan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Blümel
authors.forename: Germán
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barón
authors.forename: Ascanio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bencosme
authors.forename: Zully
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Benítez
authors.forename: Luz M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calle
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: María T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hernández-Bueno
authors.forename: Mabel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Selva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monterrosa
authors.forename: Desiree
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mostajo
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ojeda
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Onatra
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tserotas
authors.forename: María S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Vallejo
authors.forename: Silvina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Witis
authors.forename: María C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zúñiga
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chedraui
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D052776:Female Urogenital Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*