title: Update on Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Diagnosis, Cardiovascular Risk, and Novel Therapeutics.
abstract: In recent studies, the reported prevalence of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) has been higher than in previous reports. Although cascade genetic screening is a good option for efficient identification of affected patients, diagnosis using only clinical criteria is more common in real clinical practice. Cardiovascular risk is much higher in FH patients due to longstanding low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) burden and is also influenced by other risk factors. Although guidelines emphasize aggressive LDL-C reduction, the majority of patients cannot reach the LDL-C goal by conventional pharmacotherapy. Novel therapeutics such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors have shown strong lipid lowering efficacy and are expected to improve treatment results in FH patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. shl1106@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Sang Hak
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-3745
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Coronary disease; Genetics; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors; Hyperlipoproteinemia type II; PCSK9 protein, human