title: Effects of paliperidone extended release on hostility among Thai patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This open-label prospective study investigated the effects of paliperidone extended release (ER) on hostility in Thai patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia may be hostile or exhibit aggressive behavior, which can occasion their admission to psychiatric hospital. Antipsychotic medications are often used to treat hostility and aggression in such patients. Paliperidone ER is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, there are no data available for paliperidone ER with regard to its efficacy on hostility and aggression among Thai patients. This study was a part of the PERFEcT study, a 6-month, open-label, multicenter, multicountry, prospective trial to explore the safety, efficacy, and functionality of paliperidone ER tablets. The current study included only the data obtained from Thai participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Flexible dosing of paliperidone ER in a range of 3-12 mg/day was used, allowing investigators to adjust the dosage of each subject individually. The 199 Thai patients had a stable Clinical Global Impression - severity score before enrollment. Demographic data were collected at enrollment, and assessments took place at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months postbaseline. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale were used to evaluate efficacy. In this analysis, we report the findings for the specific PANSS factor P7 (hostility) and the PSP subscale disturbing and aggressive behavior. Data were analyzed using pairedt-test method to investigate changes in mean PANSS and PSP total and subscale scores. The significance level was set atP<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From a total of 199 Thai patients, 148 patients (74.4%) participated in all visits. There was a significant reduction in mean scores for all total PANSS measures from 1 month onward compared with baseline, as well as ongoing significant reductions in scores from visit to visit. There was a significant reduction in mean hostility score at 2 months (P<0.05), 3 months (P<0.05), and 6 months (P<0.01) (n=148). For the PSP scale, there was a significant across-the-board reduction of mean scores from 3 months onward, including in the disturbing and aggressive behavior subscale (P<0.001) (n=148).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Switching from previously unsuccessful antipsychotic treatments to paliperidone ER may be a useful option to reduce hostility and disturbing behavior in patients with schizophrenia. This study in Thai patients is in line with findings in other countries and cultures concerning the management of hostility in patients with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Srithanya Hospital, Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok.
authors.forename: Apichat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jariyavilas
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok.
authors.forename: Nuntika
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thavichachart
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok.
authors.forename: Ronnachai
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kongsakon
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok.
authors.forename: Sunanta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chantakarn
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen.
authors.forename: Suwanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arunpongpaisal
authors.affiliation: Somdetchaopraya Institute of Psychiatry, Bangkok.
authors.forename: Vasu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chantarasak
authors.affiliation: Prasrimahabhodhi Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani.
authors.forename: Piyadit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jaroensook
authors.affiliation: Khon Kaen Rajanagarindra Psychiatric Hospital, Khon Kaen.
authors.forename: Khanogwan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kittiwattanagul
authors.affiliation: Medical Affairs, Janssen-Cilag, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Osot
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nerapusee
keywords: aggression; disturbing behavior; hostility; paliperidone ER; schizophrenia