title: Condensed Tannins in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Cattle after Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) Intake and Their Possible Relationship with Anthelmintic Effects.
abstract: Condensed tannins' (CTs) fate along the digestive tract of ruminants may account for the variable efficacy of CTs against gastrointestinal nematodes. We analyzed CTs in the digesta of cattle fed sainfoin. With the acetone-butanol-HCl assay, the total CTs concentrations in the digesta were close to those in the diets (6.3 and 1.5% of DM in experiments 1 and 2, respectively); thus, CTs remained potentially largely undegraded/unabsorbed. With the thiolysis assay, CTs concentration was much higher in the abomasum (2.3% of DM; expt 1) compared with the rumen and intestines, along with higher mean size and prodelphinidins percentage, corroborating CTs efficacy reported only against Ostertagia ostertagi in the abomasum. In expt 2, the dietary levels of CTs were probably too low to demonstrate anthelmintic effects in the rumen. Overall, the level of CTs accessible to thiolysis is favored under the acidic conditions of the abomasum, which seems critical for anthelmintic activity.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Parasitology Group, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen , Dyrlægevej 100, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1401-2411
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Desrues
authors.affiliation: Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading , Reading RG6 6AT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mueller-Harvey
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University & Research , P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wilbert F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Pellikaan
authors.affiliation: Section for Bacteriology, Pathology and Parasitology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Bülowsvej 27, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.|Norwegian Veterinary Institute , P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Heidi L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Enemark
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Parasitology Group, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen , Dyrlægevej 100, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Stig M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Thamsborg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects / Q000469:parasitology*; D010028:Ostertagia / Q000187:drug effects*; D010029:Ostertagiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins
keywords: Cooperia oncophora; Ostertagia ostertagi; diet; digesta; feces; helminth parasite; proanthocyanidins