title: Improvement of a Global High-Resolution Ammonia Emission Inventory for Combustion and Industrial Sources with New Data from the Residential and Transportation Sectors.
abstract: There is increasing evidence indicating the critical role of ammonia (NH3) in the formation of secondary aerosols. Therefore, high quality NH3emission inventory is important for modeling particulate matter in the atmosphere. Unfortunately, without directly measured emission factors (EFs) in developing countries, using data from developed countries could result in an underestimation of these emissions. A series of newly reported EFs for China provide an opportunity to update the NH3emission inventory. In addition, a recently released fuel consumption data product has allowed for a multisource, high-resolution inventory to be assembled. In this study, an improved global NH3emission inventory for combustion and industrial sources with high sectorial (70 sources), spatial (0.1° × 0.1°), and temporal (monthly) resolutions was compiled for the years 1960 to 2013. The estimated emissions from transportation (1.59 Tg) sectors in 2010 was 2.2 times higher than those of previous reports. The spatial variation of the emissions was associated with population, gross domestic production, and temperature. Unlike other major air pollutants, NH3emissions continue to increase, even in developed countries, which is likely caused by an increased use of biomass fuel in the residential sector. The emissions density of NH3in urban areas is an order of magnitude higher than in rural areas.
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Qirui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Tianbo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Huizhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Yilin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6122-0611
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, 51064, China.
authors.forename: Xinming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Eddy Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7374-7063
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants; D000641:Ammonia; D001272:Atmosphere; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D052638:Particulate Matter; D014186:Transportation
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000641:Ammonia