title: Comparative Cytogenetics between Two Important Songbird, Models: The Zebra Finch and the Canary.
abstract: Songbird species (order Passeriformes, suborder Oscines) are important models in various experimental fields spanning behavioural genomics to neurobiology. Although the genomes of some songbird species were sequenced recently, the chromosomal organization of these species is mostly unknown. Here we focused on the two most studied songbird species in neuroscience, the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) and the canary (Serinus canaria). In order to clarify these issues and also to integrate chromosome data with their assembled genomes, we used classical and molecular cytogenetics in both zebra finch and canary to define their chromosomal homology, localization of heterochromatic blocks and distribution of rDNA clusters. We confirmed the same diploid number (2n = 80) in both species, as previously reported. FISH experiments confirmed the occurrence of multiple paracentric and pericentric inversions previously found in other species of Passeriformes, providing a cytogenetic signature for this order, and corroborating data from in silico analyses. Additionally, compared to other Passeriformes, we detected differences in the zebra finch karyotype concerning the morphology of some chromosomes, in the distribution of 5S rDNA clusters, and an inversion in chromosome 1.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, ICB, UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michelly da Silva
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kretschmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frankl-Vilches
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gahr
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics, University of Cambridge Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Patricia C M
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: O Brien
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics, University of Cambridge Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Malcolm A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ferguson-Smith
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética, SAMAM, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil.|Faculdade de Ciências Naturais, ICEN, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edivaldo H C
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-3352
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002171:Canaries / Q000235:genetics*; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics; D007446:Chromosome Inversion / Q000235:genetics; D020223:Chromosome Painting; D003582:Cytogenetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D046369:Finches / Q000235:genetics*; D023281:Genomics; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D059785:Karyotype; D007621:Karyotyping