title: Update on Management of Cancer-Related Cachexia.
abstract: Cachexia is a metabolic syndrome driven by inflammation and characterized by loss of muscle with or without loss of fat mass. In cancer cachexia, the tumor burden and host response induce increased inflammation, decreased anabolic tone, and suppressed appetite leading to the clinical presentation of reduced body weight and quality of life (QOL). There is no approved treatment for cancer cachexia, and commonly used nutritional and anti-inflammatory strategies alone have proven ineffective for management of symptoms. Several other pharmacological agents are currently in development and have shown promise as a clinical strategy in early-phase trials. Recently, it has been proposed that multimodal strategies, with an anabolic focus, initiated early in the disease/treatment progression may provide the most therapeutic potential for symptom management. Here we review the data from recent clinical trials in cancer cachexia including pharmacological, exercise, and nutritional interventions.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsey J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA.|Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Eliette D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA. Jg77@uw.edu.|Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. Jg77@uw.edu.
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garcia
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight; D002100:Cachexia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D019468:Disease Management; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life
keywords: Appetite; Body weight; Cachexia; Cancer; Clinical management; Exercise; Ghrelin; Inflammation; Multimodal; Muscle loss; Nutrition; Quality of life; Therapy