title: Algorithmic Principles of Remote PPG.
abstract: This paper introduces a mathematical model that incorporates the pertinent optical and physiological properties of skin reflections with the objective to increase our understanding of the algorithmic principles behind remote photoplethysmography (rPPG). The model is used to explain the different choices that were made in existing rPPG methods for pulse extraction. The understanding that comes from the model can be used to design robust or application-specific rPPG solutions. We illustrate this by designing an alternative rPPG method, where a projection plane orthogonal to the skin tone is used for pulse extraction. A large benchmark on the various discussed rPPG methods shows that their relative merits can indeed be understood from the proposed model.
authors.forename: Wenjin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Albertus C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: den Brinker
authors.forename: Sander
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stuijk
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Haan
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology; D001811:Blood Volume Determination; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008027:Light; D008954:Models, Biological; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods; D010781:Photography; D017156:Photoplethysmography / Q000379:methods*; D058998:Remote Sensing Technology / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena