title: Restoration of photoreceptors in eyes with diabetic macular edema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To show the prognostic value of foveal microstructures using optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the restoration of inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction layer following resolution of diabetic macular edema (DME).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one eyes of 39 patients with IS/OS damage at the time of DME that showed complete resolution of DME were included. Eyes were divided into 2 groups based on the IS/OS integrity at final visit, when edema was completely resolved: always damage group (damage at baseline and at final visit) and initial damage group (damage only at baseline). The OCT characteristics including the extent of the IS/OS damage, central subfield thickness (CST), maximum retinal thickness (MRT), presence or absence of subretinal fluid, duration of diabetic retinopathy, and duration of DME were studied. The integrity of IS/OS was evaluated at baseline and at last follow-up as percentage (0%-100%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four percent of eyes (18 eyes) achieved complete restoration of IS/OS after resolution of DME. There was no significant difference in CST or MRT during DME between the 2 groups. The always damage group had more IS/OS damage at baseline visit (23.6% ± 6.4% vs 10.7% ± 3.4%, p = 0.043) with a longer duration of DME (p = 0.025). Despite a borderline significance in visual acuity between the 2 groups at baseline (p = 0.05), the always damage group ended up with worse vision at last follow-up (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with shorter duration of DME and less baseline IS/OS damage were more likely to have intact (restored) IS/OS after resolution of DME.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs Retina Center at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California - USA.|Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul - Turkey.
authors.forename: Ilkay K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Muftuoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul - Turkey.
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Unsal
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul - Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynep K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Ozturker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*; D014792:Visual Acuity