title: In vitro effects of the Fusarium mycotoxins fumonisin B1and beauvericin on bovine granulosa cell proliferation and steroid production.
abstract: Fusarium mycotoxins are natural contaminants of various commodities representing significant problem worldwide. Since the co-occurrence of beauvericin (BEA) and fumonisin B1(FB1) in grains is frequent, the present study was carried out to evaluate the individual and combined effects of FB1and BEA on cell proliferation, steroid production and gene expression using bovine granulosa cells (GC). When tested alone FB1did not show (P ≥ 0.05) effects on cell proliferation at any dose. Whereas BEA at 3, 6, and 10 μM significantly decreased (P < 0.05) cell numbers. FB1alone had no significant effect (P ≥ 0.05) on progesterone production at any tested doses, whereas FB1at 1, 1.5 and 3 μM slightly inhibited (P < 0.05) estradiol production. At concentrations ≥3 μM, BEA was found to strongly decrease (P < 0.05) steroid production, and FB1did not influence these effects of BEA. At 10 μM, both mycotoxins decreased (P < 0.001) serum-induced GC proliferation. At 30 μM, BEA showed inhibitory effects on FSH plus IGF1-induced CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 mRNA abundance (P < 0.05), whereas FB1at 30 μM had no effect on CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 gene expression. Taken together these results demonstrate that the Fusarium mycotoxins BEA and FB1may impair reproductive function in cattle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), Università Degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albonico
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Luis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Schutz
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), Università Degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: francesca.caloni@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caloni
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università Degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cortinovis
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Leon J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Spicer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001141:Aromatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047630:Depsipeptides / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000633:toxicity*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011374:Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D047630:Depsipeptides; D037341:Fumonisins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C004456:beauvericin; C056933:fumonisin B1; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D001141:Aromatase; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme
keywords: Beauvericin; Cattle; Fumonisin B(1); Granulosa cell; Steroidogenesis; Toxicity