title: Hyperforin Exhibits Antigenotoxic Activity on Human and Bacterial Cells.
abstract: Hyperforin (HF), a substance that accumulates in the leaves and flowers ofHypericum perforatumL. (St. John's wort), consists of a phloroglucinol skeleton with lipophilic isoprene chains. HF exhibits several medicinal properties and is mainly used as an antidepressant. So far, the antigenotoxicity of HF has not been investigated at the level of primary genetic damage, gene mutations, and chromosome aberrations, simultaneously. The present work is designed to investigate the potential antigenotoxic effects of HF using three different experimental test systems. The antigenotoxic effect of HF leading to the decrease of primary/transient promutagenic genetic changes was detected by the alkaline comet assay on human lymphocytes. The HF antimutagenic effect leading to the reduction of gene mutations was assessed using the Ames test on the standardSalmonella typhimurium(TA97, TA98, and TA100) bacterial strains, and the anticlastogenic effect of HF leading to the reduction of chromosome aberrations was evaluated by the in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test on the human tumor cell line HepG2 and the non-carcinogenic cell line VH10. Our findings provided evidence that HF showed antigenotoxic effects towards oxidative mutagen zeocin in the comet assay and diagnostic mutagen (4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide) in the Ames test. Moreover, HF exhibited an anticlastogenic effect towards benzo(a)pyrene and cisplatin in the chromosome aberration test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B1, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia. petra.imreova@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Petronela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Imreova
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B1, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia. jana.feruszova@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feruszova
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B1, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia. stanislavkyzek@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Stanislav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyzek
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B1, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia. bodnarova.kristina@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bodnarova
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia. martina.zduriencikova@savba.sk.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zduriencikova
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia. katarina.kozics@savba.sk.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kozics
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia. mucaji@fpharm.uniba.sk.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mucaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B1, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia. galova@fns.uniba.sk.
authors.forename: Eliska
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galova
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B1, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia. sevcovicova@fns.uniba.sk.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sevcovicova
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B1, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia. miadokova@fns.uniba.sk.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miadokova
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia. ivan.chalupa@savba.sk.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chalupa
mesh_terms: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects*; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D013729:Terpenes; D001761:Bleomycin; C105427:Zeocin; D010696:Phloroglucinol; C001654:hyperforin
keywords: Ames test; MTT assay; antigenotoxicity; chromosome aberrations test; comet assay; hyperforin