title: Use of Primary Macrophages for Searching Novel Immunocorrectors.
abstract: In this mini-review, the role of macrophage phenotypes in atherogenesis is considered. Recent studies on distribution of M1 and M2 macrophages in different types of atherosclerotic lesions indicate that macrophages exhibit a high degree of plasticity of phenotype in response to various conditions in microenvironment. The effect of the accumulation of cholesterol, a key event in atherogenesis, on the macrophage phenotype is also discussed. The article presents the results of transcriptome analysis of cholesterol-loaded macrophages revealing genes involved in immune response whose expression rate has changed the most. It turned out that the interaction of macrophages with modified LDL leads to higher expression levels of pro-inflammatory marker TNF-α and antiinflammatory marker CCL18. Phenotypic profile of macrophage activation could be a good target for testing of novel anti-atherogenic immunocorrectors. A number of anti-atherogenic drugs were tested as potential immunocorrectors using primary macrophage-based model.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Nikita G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Nikiforov
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Natalia V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Elizova
authors.affiliation: GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, 20037 Washington, DC, United States.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bukrinsky
authors.affiliation: GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, 20037 Washington, DC, United States.
authors.forename: Larisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dubrovsky
authors.affiliation: Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Vsevolod J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Makeev
authors.affiliation: DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 20892 Bethesda, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.affiliation: DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 20892 Bethesda, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Poching
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Kalen Biomedical, LLC, 20886 Montgomery Village, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Kathy K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Foxx
authors.affiliation: Experimental Atherosclerosis Section, Center for Molecular, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute , National Institutes of Health, 20892 Bethesda, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Howard S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kruth
authors.affiliation: Experimental Atherosclerosis Section, Center for Molecular, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute , National Institutes of Health, 20892 Bethesda, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Xueting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR_S 1166, Faculte de Medecine Pitie-Salpetriere, University of Pierre and Marie Curie - Paris 6, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Emile R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Zakiev
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Alexander N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Orekhov
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents
keywords: Atherosclerosis; activation; immunocorrectors; macrophage-based test; macrophages; modified LDL; phenotype; transcriptome