title: Serum levels of galectin-1, galectin-3, and galectin-9 are associated with large artery atherosclerotic stroke.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the expression patterns of serum galectin-1 (Gal-1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), galectin-9 (Gal-9), and galectin-3 binding protein (Gal-3BP) and their associations with stroke outcome in large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke. The serum levels of Gal-1, Gal-3, Gal-9, and Gal-3BP were measured by ELISA in 130 patients with LAA stroke and 130 age- and sex-matched controls. Serum samples were collected from the patients on day 1, day 6, and in the 4th week after ischaemic stroke (IS). An unfavourable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of >2 on day 90 after IS. Our results indicated that the Gal-3 and Gal-9 levels were higher in patients with LAA stroke than in controls. A higher Gal-3 level was independently associated with an unfavourable outcome both on day 1 and day 6 after IS. In addition, Gal-9 and Gal-1 levels were upregulated on day 6 and in the 4th week after IS, respectively. For Gal-3BP, no difference was detected between patients and controls and no predictive value was found in patients. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the serum levels of Gal-1, Gal-3, and Gal-9 may be associated with LAA stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Ling
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
authors.forename: Cai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Guang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000097:blood*; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000097:blood*; D037161:Galectins / Q000097:blood*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry*; D020521:Stroke / Q000473:pathology*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D037483:Galectin 1; D037502:Galectin 3; D037161:Galectins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C081856:LGALS3BP protein, human; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; C105032:LGALS9 protein, human