title: Antiaging effects of the mixture ofPanax ginsengandCrataegus pinnatifidain human dermal fibroblasts and healthy human skin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human skin undergoes distinct changes throughout the aging process, based on both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In a process called photoaging, UVB irradiation leads to upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1, which then causes collagen degradation and premature aging. Mixtures of medicinal plants have traditionally been used as drugs in oriental medicine. Based on the previously reported antioxidant properties ofPanax ginsengMeyer andCrataegus pinnatifida, we hypothesized that the mixture ofP. ginsengMeyer andC. pinnatifida(GC) would have protective effects against skin aging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-aging activity was examined both in human dermal fibroblasts under UVB irradiation by using Western blot analysis and in healthy human skin by examining noninvasive measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitrostudies showed that GC improved procollagen type I expression and diminished matrix metalloproteinase-1 secretion. Based on noninvasive measurements, skin roughness values, including total roughness (R1), maximum roughness (R2), smoothness depth and average roughness (R3), and global photodamage scores were improved by GC application. Moreover, GC ameliorated the high values of smoothness depth (R4), which means that GC reduced loss of skin moisture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that GC can prevent aging by inhibiting wrinkle formation and increasing moisture in the human skin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Eunson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Shik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon, Chungbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Taek
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon, Chungbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hoo
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yi
keywords: Crataegus pinnatifida; Panax ginseng; antiaging; antiwrinkle; clinical study