title: Use of Cistus aqueous extracts as botanical fungicides in the control of Citrus sour rot.
abstract: In this work, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of aqueous extracts obtained from eight Cistus plant species against the development of Geotrichum citri-aurantii, the causal agent of citrus sour rot. The results demonstrate the in vitro effectiveness of all tested Cistus species aqueous extracts against G. citri-aurantii, the inhibition of mycelial growth ranged between 80 and 100%. Furthermore, Cistus aqueous extracts totally inhibited germination of G. citri-aurantii arthrospores at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. Among the plant species tested, C. laurifolius, C. salviifolius, C. monspeliensis, C. ladanifer and C. populifolius displayed the best fungistatic activity since the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was <0.625 mg/mL. Under in vivo conditions, incidence of sour rot was lowered to 8.33% when fruits were treated with aqueous extracts of C. populifolius and C. creticus compared to 100% in the control. Disease severity was lowered to 3.74, 4.47 and 5.13% when fruits were treated with C. creticus, C. ladanifer and C. populifolius aqueous extracts, respectively. Using such these biopesticides in a replacement for synthetic fungicides or in combination with other established disease management practices could help control citrus postharvest decay in a more sustainable and eco-friendly way.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Agadir, Morocco.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karim
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Agadir, Morocco. Electronic address: hassanboubaker@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boubaker
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Agadir, Morocco.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Askarne
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Agadir, Morocco.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cherifi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Agadir, Morocco.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lakhtar
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Agadir, Morocco.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Msanda
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Agadir, Morocco.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Boudyach
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Agadir, Morocco.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ait Ben Aoumar
mesh_terms: D029758:Cistus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002957:Citrus / Q000382:microbiology*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005848:Geotrichum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D025301:Hyphae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Antifungal activity; Cistus plant aqueous extracts; Citrus fruit; Geotrichum citri-aurantii; Sour rot