title: Comparative analysis of coaxial phacoemulsification with 2.2- and 2.8-mm clear corneal incisions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the intraoperative efficiency and postoperative visual outcome of coaxial phacoemulsification using 2.2- and 2.8-mm clear corneal incision coaxial phacoemulsification.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted at Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi which is a tertiary health care centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective, randomized, comparative interventional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 140 eyes of patients undergoing cataract surgery were enrolled according to the inclusion-exclusion criteria and randomly divided in two groups of 70 such that Group I-Patients underwent phacoemulsification through 2.8-mm clear corneal incision. Group II-Patients underwent phacoemulsification through 2.2-mm clear corneal incision.Postoperative assessment was done at 1 day, 1 and 6 weeks to note best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ophthalmic examination, corneal topography, central corneal thickness and corneal endothelial cell count.
  
  
  METHODS
  1. Quantitative variables were compared using Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon ranked-sum test. 2. Qualitative variables were compared using Fisher's exact test. p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There is steady trend in decrease in postoperative astigmatism with time, more so in 2.8 mm group; however, differences were not found to be statistically significant. 2.2 mm group had larger increase in CCT and ECC compared to 2.8 mm group which was not statistically significant (p = 0.296).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reducing the incision size from 2.8 to 2.2 mm does not result in any significant reduction in the amount of surgically induced astigmatism. Also, both the incision sizes have similar intraoperative efficacy when compared in terms of postoperative decrease in corneal endothelial cell count and increase in central corneal thickness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, V.M.M.C & Safdarjung Hospital, Room No. 430 of Eye OPD, 4th Floor of OPD Building, Ansari Nagar, Ring Road, Newdelhi, 110029, India.
authors.forename: Harinder Singh
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, V.M.M.C & Safdarjung Hospital, Room No. 430 of Eye OPD, 4th Floor of OPD Building, Ansari Nagar, Ring Road, Newdelhi, 110029, India.
authors.forename: Komal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saluja
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, V.M.M.C & Safdarjung Hospital, Room No. 430 of Eye OPD, 4th Floor of OPD Building, Ansari Nagar, Ring Road, Newdelhi, 110029, India. mayureshpnaik@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mayuresh P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Naik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019781:Corneal Topography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity
keywords: 2.2-mm clear corneal incision; 2.8-mm clear corneal incision; Coaxial phacoemulsification