title: Videogame-Related Illness and Injury: A Review of the Literature and Predictions for Pokémon GO!
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reports of videogame-related illness and injury soon emerged in the literature with the inception of videogame systems and subsequent development of novel gaming platforms and technologies. In an effort to better detail the impacts of these phenomena and provide recommendations for injury prevention as it relates to Pokémon Go and the larger world of augmented reality games, we conducted an extensive systems-based review of past trends in videogame-related illness and injury from the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review using PubMed, Medline, and PsycInfo databases with search terms "Pokémon GO," "videogame injuries," "augmented reality injuries," and "Nintendo Injury" was performed. The search was limited to the English language, and the Boolean were used to combine the search terms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The literature search yielded 359 peer-reviewed articles, 44 of which met the study criteria and included in the review. Seventeen additional popular press reports detailing injuries related to Pokémon Go were also incorporated. Videogame-related injuries and illness include both physical trauma as well as psychological and behavioral disorder with unique patterns of injury and illness linked to specific gaming platforms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As videogames become increasingly advanced and immersive, they expose players to unique and often more serious injury and illness. Augmented reality games, such as Pokémon GO, are the next step in the evolution of this trend and likely portend a future in which many pathologic processes may become increasingly common.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pourmand
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia.
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuhl
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia.
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: O'Connell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D000068957:Games, Recreational / Q000293:injuries* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D018910:Video Games / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000523:psychology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D003402:Creatine Kinase
keywords: Injury; Pokémon GO; Videogame