title: TheArabidopsishomolog of Scc4/MAU2 is essential for embryogenesis.
abstract: Factors regulating dynamics of chromatin structure have direct impact on expression of genetic information. Cohesin is a multi-subunit protein complex that is crucial for pairing sister chromatids during cell division, DNA repair and regulation of gene transcription and silencing. In non-plant species, cohesin is loaded on chromatin by the Scc2-Scc4 complex (also known as the NIBPL-MAU2 complex). Here, we identify theArabidopsishomolog of Scc4, which we denoteArabidopsis thaliana(At)SCC4, and show that it forms a functional complex with AtSCC2, the homolog of Scc2. We demonstrate that AtSCC2 and AtSCC4 act in the same pathway, and that both proteins are indispensable for cell fate determination during early stages of embryo development. Mutant embryos lacking either of these proteins develop only up to the globular stage, and show the suspensor overproliferation phenotype preceded by ectopic auxin maxima distribution. We further establish a new assay to reveal the AtSCC4-dependent dynamics of cohesin loading on chromatinin vivoOur findings define the Scc2-Scc4 complex as an evolutionary conserved machinery controlling cohesin loading and chromatin structure maintenance, and provide new insight into the plant-specific role of this complex in controlling cell fate during embryogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, PO Box 7015, Uppsala SE-75007, Sweden alena.minina@slu.se peter.bozhkov@slu.se panagiotis.moschou@slu.se.
authors.forename: Elena A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2619-1859
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Minina
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, PO Box 7015, Uppsala SE-75007, Sweden.|Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, PO Box 7080, Uppsala SE-75007, Sweden.
authors.forename: Salim Hossain
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Reza
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, PO Box 7015, Uppsala SE-75007, Sweden.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gutierrez-Beltran
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, PO Box 7015, Uppsala SE-75007, Sweden.
authors.forename: Pernilla H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Elander
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, PO Box 7015, Uppsala SE-75007, Sweden alena.minina@slu.se peter.bozhkov@slu.se panagiotis.moschou@slu.se.
authors.forename: Peter V
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8819-3884
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Bozhkov
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, PO Box 7080, Uppsala SE-75007, Sweden alena.minina@slu.se peter.bozhkov@slu.se panagiotis.moschou@slu.se.
authors.forename: Panagiotis N
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7212-0595
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Moschou
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016193:G1 Phase; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D000072417:Protein Domains; D012639:Seeds / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D000097722:Cohesins
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002843:Chromatin; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000097722:Cohesins; C000621795:SCC4 protein, Arabidopsis; C036483:T-DNA
keywords: Arabidopsis; Auxin; Cohesin-loading complex; Embryogenesis; MAU2; NIBPL; Scc2; Scc4