title: Simian Immunodeficiency Virus seroreactivity in inhabitants from rural Cameroon frequently in contact with non-human primates.
abstract: Central African tropical forests are home to several species of non-human primates (NHPs), infected by Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV). It is well-known that HIV-1 epidemic is due to cross-transmission and adaptation of SIV to humans. The main goal of this work was to investigate if a NHP bite is a risk factor for SIV acquisition. A cross-sectional study was performed in rural Cameroon on 246 bitten individuals (mostly by adult NHPs), matched, according to sex, age, and ethnicity (Bantus and Pygmies), with an equal number of not-bitten subjects. Following a serological assay for a wide range of SIVs, we observed a high level of indeterminate seroreactivity (25.8%) in the total population, whereas 68.9% were sero-negative and 5.3% HIV-1 positive. Bites do not appear to be a risk factor for SIV seroreactivity, in contrast to Simian Foamy Virus and Simian T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 in the same studied population.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Oncogenic Viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR3569 Paris, France. Electronic address: cfilippone@pasteur.mg.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Filippone
authors.affiliation: Virology Unit, Associated National Reference Center for HIV, University Hospital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France. Electronic address: Fabienne.De-Oliveira@chu-rouen.fr.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Unit of Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Oncogenic Viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR3569 Paris, France; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon. Electronic address: edouardbetsem@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Edouard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Betsem
authors.affiliation: Unit of Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Electronic address: lschaeff@pasteur.fr.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schaeffer
authors.affiliation: Unit of Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Electronic address: fontanet@pasteur.fr.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fontanet
authors.affiliation: Virology Unit, Associated National Reference Center for HIV, University Hospital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France. Electronic address: veronique.lemee@chu-rouen.fr.
authors.forename: Veronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lemée
authors.affiliation: Unit of Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Oncogenic Viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR3569 Paris, France. Electronic address: agessain@pasteur.fr.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gessain
authors.affiliation: Virology Unit, Associated National Reference Center for HIV, University Hospital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France; EA2656, GRAM, Rouen University, Rouen, France. Electronic address: Jean-Christophe.Plantier@chu-rouen.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Plantier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D002521:Cercopithecus; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006071:Gorilla gorilla; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D012192:Retroviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D012307:Risk Factors; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology; D015303:Simian T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000276:immunology; D053150:Simian foamy virus / Q000276:immunology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology
keywords: Bite; Cameroon; Central Africa; Cross-species transmission; HIV; Non-human primate; Pygmies; SIV; Seroreactivity