title: Hepatitis B virus infection status and infertility causes in couples seeking fertility treatment-Indicator of impaired immune response?
abstract: The relationship between hepatitis B (HBV) infection in infertile couples seeking in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment and infertility causes is unknown.
  
  
  
  A total of 831 infertile couples attending our unit seeking IVF during January to December 2015 were recruited.
  
  
  
  HBV infection was found in 6.3% and 7.3% of female and male partners, respectively, and infection in one or both partners was associated with less primary infertility (44.2% vs 55.1%, P=.038). Infected female partners had increased tubal (69.2% vs 43.2%, P<.001) and uterine (13.7% vs 3.1%, P<.001) causes and reduced idiopathic infertility, while infected male partners were associated with increased tubal (62.3% vs 43.4%, P=.004) causes and reduced endometriosis (62.3% vs 73.9%, P=.050).
  
  
  
  Our results suggest HBV infection in either partner was associated with tubal infertility. HBV infection in either partner probably increases the risk of pelvic infection in female partner through impaired immune response to sexually transmitted infections, with consequent tubal damage and infertility.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.|Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Terence T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lao
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.|Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Jennifer S M
authors.initials: JSM
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.|Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Tin-Chiu
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007246:Infertility / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: hepatitis B virus infection; in vitro fertilization; infertility causes; tubal factor