title: Photodynamic therapy for dermatologic conditions in the pediatric population: a literature review.
abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT), using topical aminolevulinic acid (ALA), has been used for years to treat a variety of dermatologic conditions, including actinic keratosis, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and in situ squamous cell carcinoma. While there is a wide range of neoplastic and non-neoplastic skin diseases for which ALA-PDT is used in adults, there is a knowledge gap when it comes to its use in children. This review highlights what is currently known regarding the use and efficacy of this therapy in the pediatric population. A PubMed search was conducted to identify studies including pediatric patients undergoing monotherapy PDT with topical aminolevulinate (published 2005-2016). Twenty pediatric articles were identified. ALA-PDT has been used successfully in children to reduce the number and size of basal cell tumors, inflammatory acne lesions, plantar warts, and linear porokeratoses. ALA-PDT may be an attractive alternative to surgery for children with basal cell nevus syndrome, or to conventional destructive and/or topical methods used for plantar warts or linear porokeratoses. PDT can be considered for inflammatory acne when topical treatments have failed and systemic medications are not an option. Pain associated with treatment and insurance coverage may be a barrier to use.
authors.affiliation: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3301-8210
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Christine B
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5379-1681
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Warren
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000293:Adolescent; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017499:Porokeratosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014860:Warts / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid
keywords: acne; aminolevulinic acid; nonmelanoma skin cancer; pediatrics; photodynamic therapy