title: Characterizing Antibody Responses to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum Antigens in India Using Genome-Scale Protein Microarrays.
abstract: Understanding naturally acquired immune responses to Plasmodium in India is key to improving malaria surveillance and diagnostic tools. Here we describe serological profiling of immune responses at three sites in India by probing protein microarrays consisting of 515 Plasmodium vivax and 500 Plasmodium falciparum proteins with 353 plasma samples. A total of 236 malaria-positive (symptomatic and asymptomatic) plasma samples and 117 malaria-negative samples were collected at three field sites in Raurkela, Nadiad, and Chennai. Indian samples showed significant seroreactivity to 265 P. vivax and 373 P. falciparum antigens, but overall seroreactivity to P. vivax antigens was lower compared to P. falciparum antigens. We identified the most immunogenic antigens of both Plasmodium species that were recognized at all three sites in India, as well as P. falciparum antigens that were associated with asymptomatic malaria. This is the first genome-scale analysis of serological responses to the two major species of malaria parasite in India. The range of immune responses characterized in different endemic settings argues for targeted surveillance approaches tailored to the diverse epidemiology of malaria across the world.
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America.
authors.forename: Swapna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uplekar
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America.
authors.forename: Pavitra Nagesh
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lalitha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramanathapuram
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Sector 8, Dwarka, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Vikky
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Awasthi
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Sector 8, Dwarka, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Kalpana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Sector 1 Health Center, Raurkela, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Syed Zeeshan
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Civil Hospital, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Ankita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Epidemiology Campus, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Sri Lakshmi Priya
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: G
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Epidemiology Campus, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Sangamithra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ravishankaran
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Civil Hospital, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Nisha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Civil Hospital, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Nikunj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tandel
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Sector 1 Health Center, Raurkela, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Sandhya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choubey
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Sector 1 Health Center, Raurkela, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Punam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barla
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Epidemiology Campus, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Deena
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kanagaraj
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Epidemiology Campus, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eapen
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Sector 1 Health Center, Raurkela, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Khageswar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pradhan
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Civil Hospital, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Ranvir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Aarti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Philip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Felgner
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America.
authors.forename: D Huw
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jane M
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9340-5020
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Carlton
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Sector 8, Dwarka, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Jyoti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000276:immunology; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000276:immunology; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan