title: Papulonodular mucinosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome and nephrotic syndrome in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Awareness of the spectrum of clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), especially uncommon changes, is essential for diagnosis and effective management of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 26-year-old Chinese man with SLE initially manifested cutaneous papulonodular mucinosis and developed acute Guillain-Barré syndrome and class V lupus nephritis 2 years later. His cutaneous nodules had not been idententified for 2 years and were resected by surgical procedures twice until SLE was diagnosed. The kidney biopsy revealed class V lupus nephritis. The patient responded well to a short course of intravenous immunoglobulins and his muscle strength almost completely recovered. So far, he has undergone five cycles of cyclophosphamide combined with hydroxychloroquine and tapering prednisone, resulting in partial remission of lupus nephritis and disappearance of hypocomplementemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We reported a rare case of male patient with SLE with manifestation of class V lupus nephritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome and papulonodular mucinosis.
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, No.382, Wuyi Road, Xinghualing Distirct, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaole
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, No.382, Wuyi Road, Xinghualing Distirct, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, No.382, Wuyi Road, Xinghualing Distirct, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Pathology Division, Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital, Shanxi Province Kidney Pathology Centre, No.382, Wuyi Road, Xinghualing Distirct, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Lifang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Pathology Division, Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital, Shanxi Province Kidney Pathology Centre, No.382, Wuyi Road, Xinghualing Distirct, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, No.382, Wuyi Road, Xinghualing Distirct, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China. lihuawang236@126.com.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D020275:Guillain-Barre Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D053718:Scleromyxedema / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome; Nephrotic syndrome; Papulonodular mucinosis; Systemic lupus erythematosus