title: Molecular detection of kobuviruses in livestock in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.
abstract: Kobuviruses have been detected in a wide range of mammals including cats, dogs, pigs, cattle, goats, sheep and bats. Kobuviruses have been detected in symptomatic and asymptomatic animals; however, the clinical significance of infection in animals is still unclear. To date, there is no information regarding kobuvirus prevalence in livestock in Ireland. This study reports the first detection of kobuviruses in pigs, bovines and ovines using quantitative PCR. In this study, mesenteric lymph node was collected from cattle (n = 57), pigs (n = 53) and sheep (n = 50) from farms in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, from animals which had been submitted by private veterinary practitioners from 2009 to 2011 for routine post mortem and clinico-pathological examination. Kobuviruses were detected in 14 cows (24.5%), 5 pigs (9.4%) and 1 sheep (2%). Phylogenetic analysis of Irish kobuviruses from cattle and pigs revealed that the isolates clustered according to their host species. Interestingly, the sheep kobuvirus clustered with bovine kobuviruses detected in this study and other published kobuvirus strains. The data presented in this study contributes to the understanding of the epidemiology of these viruses in animals and to the genetic diversity that these viruses possess.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McMenamy
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McClintock
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lagan-Tregaskis
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Lorna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: O'Shea
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Welsh
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK. john.mckillen@afbini.gov.uk.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McKillen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle / Q000821:virology*; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D052699:Kobuvirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000821:virology; D008643:Mesentery / Q000821:virology; D009660:Northern Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012756:Sheep / Q000821:virology*; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D013552:Swine / Q000821:virology*; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral