title: Association of in utero magnesium exposure and spontaneous intestinal perforations in extremely low birth weight infants.
abstract: The objective of this study is to determine whether antenatal exposure to magnesium is associated with spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants (⩽1000 g).
  
  
  
  We identified all ELBW infants admitted to 1 of 323 neonatal intensive care units from 2007 to 2013. We used multivariable conditional logistic regression to compare outcomes in the first 21 days after birth between infants exposed and unexposed to magnesium in utero.
  
  
  
  Of the 28 035 infants, 11 789 (42%) were exposed to antenatal magnesium (AM). There was no difference in the risk of SIP, odds ratio=1.08 (95% confidence interval; 0.91 to 1.29), between infants exposed and unexposed to AM. Mortality in the first 21 days after birth was lower in the magnesium-exposed infants, odds ratio=0.76 (0.70 to 0.83).
  
  
  
  AM exposure in ELBW infants was not associated with increased risk of SIP.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Downey
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cotten
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hornik
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Laughon
authors.affiliation: Pediatrix Medical Group and Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Tolia
authors.affiliation: Pediatrix-Obstetrix Center for Research and Education, Sunrise, FL, USA.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D052577:Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D008278:Magnesium Sulfate