title: Microbial production of vitamin B12: a review and future perspectives.
abstract: Vitamin B12is an essential vitamin that is widely used in medical and food industries. Vitamin B12biosynthesis is confined to few bacteria and archaea, and as such its production relies on microbial fermentation. Rational strain engineering is dependent on efficient genetic tools and a detailed knowledge of metabolic pathways, regulation of which can be applied to improve product yield. Recent advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering have been used to efficiently construct many microbial chemical factories. Many published reviews have probed the vitamin B12biosynthetic pathway. To maximize the potential of microbes for vitamin B12production, new strategies and tools are required. In this review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of advances in the microbial production of vitamin B12, with a particular focus on establishing a heterologous host for the vitamin B12production, as well as on strategies and tools that have been applied to increase microbial cobalamin production. Several worthy strategies employed for other products are also included.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.|Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.|College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China. zhang_dw@tib.cas.cn.|Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China. zhang_dw@tib.cas.cn.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001105:Archaea / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D060847:Metabolic Engineering / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D058615:Synthetic Biology / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D014805:Vitamin B 12
keywords: Biosynthesis; Escherichia coli; Metabolic engineering; Metabolic regulation; Synthetic biology; Vitamin B12