title: Lifewide profile of cytokine production by innate and adaptive immune cells from Brazilian individuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Immunosenescence is associated with several changes in adaptive and innate immune cells. Altered cytokine production is among the most prominent of these changes. The impact of age-related alterations on cytokine global profiles produced by distinct populations of leukocytes from healthy Brazilian individuals was studied. We analysed frequencies of cytokine-producing lymphocytes and innate immune cells from individuals at several ages spanning a lifetime period (0-85 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Healthy adult individuals presented a balanced profile suggestive of a mature immune system with equal contributions of both innate and adaptive immunity and of both categories of cytokines (inflammatory and regulatory). In healthy newborns and elderly, innate immune cells, especially neutrophils and NK-cells, contributed the most to a balanced profile of cytokines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results support the hypothesis that ageing is not associated with a progressive pro-inflammatory cytokine production by all leukocytes but rather with distinct fluctuations in the frequency of cytokine-producing cells throughout life.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Silveira-Nunes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Speziali
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teixeira-Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Vitelli-Avelar
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sathler-Avelar
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.|Maternidade Odete Valadares/Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Taciana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Figueiredo-Soares
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Luiza
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.|Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.|Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Peruhype-Magalhães
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel Gonçalves
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo Eustáquio
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Brito-Melo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Glenda Meira
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.|Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eric Bassetti
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.|Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Elói-Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.|Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosângela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.|Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dulciene Magalhães
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corrêa-Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Maria Caetano
authors.initials: AMC
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Olindo Assis
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Martins-Filho
keywords: Adaptive immune cells; Aging; Cytokine; Innate immune cells