title: Atmospheric pressure plasma jet treatment of Salmonella Enteritidis inoculated eggshells.
abstract: Contamination of eggshells with Salmonella Enteritidis remains a food safety concern. In many cases human salmonellosis within the EU can be traced back to raw or undercooked eggs and egg products. Atmospheric pressure plasma is a novel decontamination method that can reduce a wide range of pathogens. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of using an effective short time cold plasma treatment to inactivate Salmonella Enteritidis on the eggshell. Therefore, artificially contaminated eggshells were treated with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet under different experimental settings with various exposure times (15-300s), distances from the plasma jet nozzle to the eggshell surface (5, 8 or 12mm), feed gas compositions (Ar, Ar with 0.2, 0.5 or 1.0% O2), gas flow rates (5 and 7slm) and different inoculations of Salmonella Enteritidis (101-106CFU/cm2). Atmospheric pressure plasma could reduce Salmonella Enteritidis on eggshells significantly. Reduction factors ranged between 0.22 and 2.27 log CFU (colony-forming units). Exposure time and, particularly at 104CFU/cm2inoculation, feed gas had a major impact on Salmonella reduction. Precisely, longer exposure times led to higher reductions and Ar as feed gas was more effective than ArO2mixtures.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Hygiene, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: maike_moritz@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Maike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moritz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Hygiene, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wiacek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Hygiene, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koethe
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Hygiene, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Peggy G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Braun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods*; D004528:Egg Shell / Q000382:microbiology*; D004531:Eggs / Q000382:microbiology; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D058626:Plasma Gases; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D058626:Plasma Gases
keywords: Atmospheric pressure plasma jet; Eggshell; Inactivation; Reduction; Salmonella Enteritidis