title: Temporal evolution of the signal intensity of hyper-acute ischemic lesions in a canine stroke model: influence of hyperintense acute reperfusion marker.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the influence of the hyperintense acute reperfusion marker (HARM) on the relative signal intensity (rSI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of hyper-acute ischemic lesions in a canine stroke model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Middle cerebral artery occlusion models were established using autologous clot embolization. Diffusion-weighted (DW) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging was performed at 1, 2, 3, 4.5 and 6 h after embolization. HARM was defined as the delayed enhancement of cerebrospinal fluid on the subsequent FLAIR images after contrast media used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four stroke models were successfully established and divided into the HARM (n = 16) and No-HARM group (n = 8). No significant differences were found in the rSI on DWI (b0 and b1000 map) and relative ADC between the two groups at each time point after embolization (all P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the rSI on FLAIR at 1 and 2 h after embolization between the two groups (P > 0.05), while the HARM group showed significantly higher rSI on FLAIR than the No-HARM group at 3, 4.5 and 6 h after embolization (P = 0.044, 0.036 and 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HARM should be noted during the quantitative analysis of FLAIR images in future clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Quan
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chen-Jiang
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Quan
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Shan-Shan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xing-Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Qian-Qian
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, China. liusheng@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, China. shihb@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hai-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Apparent diffusion coefficient; Diffusion-weighted imaging; Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery; Hyperintense acute reperfusion marker; Signal intensity