title: Fabrication and characterization of baghdadite nanostructured scaffolds by space holder method.
abstract: Porous baghdadite scaffold has received great attention as a candidate for bone tissue engineering application due to its remarkable bioactivity, biocompatibility, and good bone formation ability. A few studies have been focused on improving the mechanical properties of baghdadite scaffolds. Recently, space holder method has been introduced as a new and viable technique to prepare bioceramic scaffolds with interconnected pores and suitable mechanical properties. In this study, for the first time, 3D baghdadite scaffolds with interconnected porosity were produced using space holder method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were utilized to characterize various specimens. The baghdadite scaffolds were sintered at various temperatures in the range of 1250-1350°C for 3h. The compressive strength and compressive modulus measured to be in the range of 0.05-0.52MPa and 2.1-121.5MPa, respectively. The results showed that nanostructured baghdadite scaffolds with a crystallite size of about 32nm, 75% porosity and pores size in the range of 200-500µm can be successfully fabricated after sintering at 1350°C for 3h. Simulated body fluid (SBF) was used to evaluate the apatite formation ability of the scaffolds. The results showed the formation of an apatite layer on the scaffold surface which can be considered as a bioactivity criterion.
authors.affiliation: Materials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
authors.forename: Sorour
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadeghzade
authors.affiliation: Materials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
authors.forename: Fateme
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shamoradi
authors.affiliation: Materials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
authors.forename: Rahmatollah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Emadi
authors.affiliation: Mechanical Engineering Program, School of Science, Engineering and Technology, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown PA 17057, USA. Electronic address: f_tavangarian@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Fariborz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tavangarian
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: C000592768:Ca(3)ZrSi(2)O(9); D017640:Silicates
keywords: Baghdadite; Ceramics; Nanostructured Materials; Scaffolds; Sol–gel