title: Identification of aged bloodstains through mRNA profiling: Experiments results on selected markers of 30- and 50-year-old samples.
abstract: Remarkable progress has been made in recent years on the research of body fluid identification through messenger RNA(mRNA) profiling. In order to examine the viability of mRNA profiling as a method to identify aged bloodstains, this study tested two groups of bloodstain samples, dated 30 years and 50 years back respectively, on seven blood specific markers, i.e. HBB, HBA, GYPA, CD93, ALAS2, SPTB (91bp and 247bp primers), and PBGD. Test results indicate that HBA and HBB are the most stable markers in aged bloodstains, returning positive results in over 80% of the 50-year-old samples and over 90% of the 30-year-old samples. This finding proves mRNA profiling an effective way of identifying aged bloodstains.
authors.affiliation: Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China.
authors.forename: Hemiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China; Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Chinese People's Public Security University, Beijing 100038, China; Qionghai Police Bureau, Qionghai 571400, China.
authors.forename: Qingluan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China.
authors.forename: XiuLan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China. Electronic address: liwanshui68@126.com.
authors.forename: Wanshui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001801:Blood Stains; D004247:DNA / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods*; D006021:Glycophorins / Q000097:blood; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D011163:Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase / Q000097:blood; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D011951:Receptors, Complement / Q000097:blood; D013049:Spectrin / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C409972:GYPA protein, human; D006021:Glycophorins; D006454:Hemoglobins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011951:Receptors, Complement; C000626580:SPTB protein, human; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; C032402:complement 1q receptor; D013049:Spectrin; D004247:DNA; D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase; C480079:ALAS2 protein, human; D011163:Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase
keywords: Aged bloodstains; Body fluid identification; mRNA profiling