title: Granulomatous prostatitis after intravesical immunotherapy mimicking prostate cancer.
abstract: Intravesical immunotherapy with attenuated strains ofMycobacterium bovisis a widely used therapeutic option in patients with non-muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. A rare complication of intravesical therapy with the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine is granulomatous prostatitis, which due to increasing levels of prostate-specific antigen and abnormalities found in transrectal examination of the prostate may suggest concomitant prostate cancer. A case of extensive granulomatous prostatitis in a 61-year-old patient which occurred after the first course of a well-tolerated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy is presented. Due to abnormalities found in rectal examination and an abnormal transrectal ultrasound image of the prostate with extensive infiltration mimicking neoplastic hyperplasia a core biopsy of the prostate was performed. Histopathological examination revealed inflammatory infiltration sites of tuberculosis origin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, 1 Military Hospital, Lublin, Poland; Department of General and Transplant Surgery and Nutritional Treatment, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Białek
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Transplant Surgery and Nutritional Treatment, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rudzki
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Railway Hospital in Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Iberszer
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Lech
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wronecki
keywords: granulomatous prostatitis; prostate biopsy; transrectal ultrasound