title: Nrf2- and Bach1 May Play a Role in the Modulation of Ultraviolet A-Induced Oxidative Stress by Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid in Skin Keratinocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exposure of human skin to solar ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation causes severe oxidative stress with damage to various cellular components and concomitant inflammation and carcinogenesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) against UVA radiation on human skin keratinocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  HaCaT cells were pretreated with AKBA followed by UVA irradiation. Radiation effects on cell morphology, cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and antioxidant enzymes were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AKBA reduces UVA irradiation-induced cell viability loss, accompanied by a decreased production of UVA-induced ROS, decreased malondialdehyde, and increased superoxide dismutase expression. In addition, AKBA increased basal and UVA-induced levels of Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2), the redox-sensitive factor, and its target genes NQO1 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), whereas expression of the transcriptional repressor Bach1 (BTB and CNC homology 1) was reduced. Furthermore, the cytoprotective effects of AKBA against UVA-derived oxidative damage were accompanied by modulating expression of inflammatory mediators (i.e., cyclooxygenase-2 and nuclear factor-κB) and NOX1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AKBA protects skin cells from UVA-induced damage by modulating inflammatory mediators and/or ROS production. Therefore, AKBA has potential in the development of skin care products.
authors.affiliation: The Base of "111 Project" for Biomechanics and Tissue Repair Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors.forename: Shiying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Muhammad Farrukh
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Nisar
authors.forename: Chunxiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yiguo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jörg W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bartsch
authors.forename: Julia Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051856:Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics; D000074624:NADPH Oxidase 1; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: C102108:BACH1 protein, human; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D051856:Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D016328:NF-kappa B; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014315:Triterpenes; C094432:acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D000074624:NADPH Oxidase 1; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C402799:NOX1 protein, human; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C447479:NQO1 protein, human