title: Frequency and Genotype of Human Parvovirus B19 among Iranian Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and genotype of human parvovirus B19 and its relation with anemia among Iranian patients under dialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty hemodialysis (HD) and 33 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were enrolled. B19 IgG and IgM antibodies were assessed by ELISA, and the presence of B19 DNA was evaluated by nested PCR. PCR products were sequenced directly and phylogenetic analysis was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the HD group, the prevalence of B19 antibodies was 54% for IgG and 4% for IgM. B19 DNA was detected in 10% of the cases, and 10% showed B19 IgG and viremia simultaneously. In the PD group, the prevalence of B19 IgG and IgM was 57.6 and 0% respectively, whereas B19 DNA was found in 12.1% of the group. A total of 9.1% showed B19 IgG and viremia concurrently. There was no significant difference regarding anemia and B19 infection in either group. All B19 isolates were clustered in genotype 1A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that B19 infection plays no role in leading chronic anemia in dialysis patients. However, persistent B19 viremia and the circulation of the same strains in dialysis patients may indicate a potential risk for the contamination of dialysis equipment and nosocomial spread of B19 infection within dialysis units.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.forename: Arezoo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aghakhani
authors.forename: Ali Akbar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Velayati
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banifazl
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.forename: Effat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Razeghi
authors.forename: Davood
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kheirkhah
authors.forename: Monireh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kazemimanesh
authors.forename: Anahita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bavand
authors.forename: Amitis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramezani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001483:Base Sequence; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014766:Viremia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M