title: Molecular characterization of genetically-modified crops: Challenges and strategies.
abstract: Molecular characterization lays a foundation for safety assessment and subsequent monitoring of genetically modified (GM) crops. Due to the target-specific nature, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods cannot comprehensively detect unintended gene insertions, let alone unknown GM events. As more and more new developed GM crops including new plant breeding technology (NPBT) generated crops are in the pipeline for commercialization, alternative -omics approaches, particularly next generation sequencing, have been developed for molecular characterization of authorized or unauthorized GM (UGM) crops. This review summarizes first those methods, addresses their challenges, and discusses possible strategies for molecular characterization of engineered crops generated by NPBT, highlighting needs for a global information-sharing database and cost-effective, accurate and comprehensive molecular characterization approaches.
authors.affiliation: Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Marker Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Jiangsu 223300, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.affiliation: FuturaGene Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Sukumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.affiliation: Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Marker Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Jiangsu 223300, China.
authors.forename: Dabing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Marker Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Jiangsu 223300, China. Electronic address: jianxin.shi@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics*; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Cisgenesis; Genome editing; Next generation sequencing; T-DNA; Transgenesis