title: Association study between the neurexin-1 gene and tardive dyskinesia.
abstract: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a motor side effect that may develop after long-term antipsychotic treatment. Schizophrenia has recently been associated with the Neurexin-1 (NRXN1) gene that codes for a cell adhesion molecule in synaptic communication.
  
  
  
  This study examined five NRXN1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for possible association with the occurrence and severity of TD in 178 schizophrenia patients of European ancestry.
  
  
  
  We did not find these SNPs to be significantly associated with TD.
  
  
  
  More research is needed with additional SNPs and in bigger samples before we can completely rule out the role of NRXN1 in TD.
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lanning
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Tristram A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lett
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Arun K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Eva J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Brandl
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Luca
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Aristotle N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Voineskos
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Potkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Neuroscience Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lieberman
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and Physiology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Herbert Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Remington
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Section, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Clement C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Zai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D000071057:Tardive Dyskinesia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; C539628:NRXN1 protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules
keywords: antipsychotics; neurexin-1 (NRXN1); pharmacogenetic; schizophrenia (SCZ); tardive dyskinesia (TD)