title: Hypothyroidism Reduces the Size of Ovarian Follicles and Promotes Hypertrophy of Periovarian Fat with Infiltration of Macrophages in Adult Rabbits.
abstract: Ovarian failure is related to dyslipidemias and inflammation, as well as to hypertrophy and dysfunction of the visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Although hypothyroidism has been associated with obesity, dyslipidemias, and inflammation in humans and animals, its influence on the characteristics of ovarian follicles in adulthood is scarcely known. Control and hypothyroid rabbits were used to analyze the ovarian follicles, expression of aromatase in the ovary, serum concentration of lipids, leptin, and uric acid, size of adipocytes, and infiltration of macrophages in the periovarian VAT. Hypothyroidism did not affect the percentage of functional or atretic follicles. However, it reduced the size of primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles considered as large and the expression of aromatase in the ovary. This effect was associated with high serum concentrations of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). In addition, hypothyroidism induced hypertrophy of adipocytes and a major infiltration of CD68+ macrophages into the periovarian VAT. Our results suggest that the reduced size of ovarian follicles promoted by hypothyroidism could be associated with dyslipidemias, hypertrophy, and inflammation of the periovarian VAT. Present findings may be useful to understand the influence of hypothyroidism in the ovary function in adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, TLAX, Mexico.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Castelán
authors.affiliation: Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, TLAX, Mexico.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Méndez-Tepepa
authors.affiliation: Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, TLAX, Mexico.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Carrillo-Portillo
authors.affiliation: Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, TLAX, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anaya-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, TLAX, Mexico.
authors.forename: J
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3971-437X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Antolín
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zambrano
authors.affiliation: Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, TLAX, Mexico; Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Periférica Tlaxcala, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: F
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9835-3335
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Castelán
authors.affiliation: Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, TLAX, Mexico.
authors.forename: E
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3960-2351
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cuevas-Romero
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000473:pathology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D001141:Aromatase / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006984:Hypertrophy; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000473:pathology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology*; D009929:Organ Size; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D001141:Aromatase