title: Safety of Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. Lactis (B. lactis) Strain BB-12-Supplemented Yogurt in Healthy Children.
abstract: Probiotics are live microorganisms that may provide health benefits to the individual when consumed in sufficient quantities. For studies conducted on health or disease endpoints on probiotics in the United States, the Food and Administration has required those studies to be conducted as investigational new drugs. This phase I, double-blinded, randomized, controlled safety study represents the first requirement of this pathway. The purpose of the study was to determine the safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B lactis) strain BB-12 (BB-12)-supplemented yogurt when consumed by a generally healthy group of children. The secondary aim was to assess the effect of BB-12-supplemented yogurt on the gut microbiota of the children.
  
  
  
  Sixty children ages 1 to 5 years were randomly assigned to consume 4 ounces of either BB-12-supplemented yogurt or nonsupplemented control yogurt daily for 10 days. The primary outcome was to assess safety and tolerability, as determined by the number of reported adverse events.
  
  
  
  A total of 186 nonserious adverse events were reported, with no significant differences between the control and BB-12 groups. No significant changes due to probiotic treatment were observed in the gut microbiota of the study cohort.
  
  
  
  BB-12-supplemented yogurt is safe and well-tolerated when consumed by healthy children. The present study will form the basis for future randomized clinical trials investigating the potential effects of BB-12-supplemented yogurt in different disease states.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC†Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA‡Dairy and Food Culture Technologies, Centennial, CO§Department of Mathematics, UPMC-St. Margaret Hospital/Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Tina P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Zhaoyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: D'Amico
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Keisha H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Merenstein
mesh_terms: D000069982:Bifidobacterium animalis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015014:Yogurt / Q000382:microbiology*