title: Amide proton transfer-weighted MRI detection of traumatic brain injury in rats.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the capability and uniqueness of amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) imaging in the detection of primary and secondary injury after controlled cortical impact (CCI)-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Eleven adult rats had craniotomy plus CCI surgery under isoflurane anesthesia. Multi-parameter MRI data were acquired at 4.7 T, at eight time points (1, 6 h, and 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after TBI). At one and six hours post-injury, average APTw signal intensities decreased significantly in the impacted and peri-lesional areas due to tissue acidosis. A slightly high APTw signal was seen in the core lesion area with respect to the peri-lesional area, which was due to hemorrhage, as shown by T2*w. After the initial drop, the APTw signals dramatically increased in some peri-lesional areas at two and three days post-injury, likely due to the secondary inflammatory response. The use of APTw MRI has the potential to introduce a novel molecular neuroimaging approach for the simultaneous detection of ischemia, hemorrhage, and neuroinflammation in TBI.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.|2 Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.|4 Department of Integrated Chinese and West Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Wenzhu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Hye-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Xianlong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jinyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007249:Inflammation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000577:Amides
keywords: Amide proton transfer-weighted imaging; hemorrhage; ischemia; neuroinflammation; traumatic brain injury