title: Critical Minireview: The Fate of tRNACysduring Oxidative Stress in Bacillus subtilis.
abstract: Oxidative stress occurs when cells are exposed to elevated levels of reactive oxygen species that can damage biological molecules. One bacterial response to oxidative stress involves disulfide bond formation either between protein thiols or between protein thiols and low-molecular-weight (LMW) thiols. Bacillithiol was recently identified as a major low-molecular-weight thiol inBacillus subtilisand related Firmicutes. Four genes (bshA,bshB1,bshB2, andbshC) are involved in bacillithiol biosynthesis. ThebshAandbshB1genes are part of a seven-gene operon (ypjD), which includes the essential genecca, encoding CCA-tRNA nucleotidyltransferase. The inclusion ofccain the operon containing bacillithiol biosynthetic genes suggests that the integrity of the 3' terminus of tRNAs may also be important in oxidative stress. The addition of the 3' terminal CCA sequence by CCA-tRNA nucleotidyltransferase to give rise to a mature tRNA and functional molecules ready for aminoacylation plays an essential role during translation and expression of the genetic code. Any defects in these processes, such as the accumulation of shorter and defective tRNAs under oxidative stress, might exert a deleterious effect on cells. This review summarizes the physiological link between tRNACysregulation and oxidative stress inBacillus.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico. juan.campos@uaq.mx.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campos Guillen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ghjones@emory.edu.
authors.forename: George H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico. doctorado.cs.uaq@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saldaña Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, P.O. Box 629, 36500 Irapuato, GTO, Mexico. jhernand@ira.cinvestav.mx.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hernández-Flores
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico. jacm022003@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Julio Alfonso
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cruz Medina
authors.affiliation: CONACYT, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo No. 140, 25294 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. humberto.valenzuela@ciqa.edu.mx.
authors.forename: José Humberto
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Valenzuela Soto
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico. serpacheco18@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pacheco Hernández
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico. ser69rom@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Romero Gómez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico. vmtlalpan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Morales Tlalpan
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004220:Disulfides / Q000378:metabolism; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012316:RNA Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D012350:RNA, Transfer, Cys / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004220:Disulfides; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012350:RNA, Transfer, Cys; C543521:bacillithiol; D012316:RNA Nucleotidyltransferases; C023198:tRNA nucleotidyltransferase; D003545:Cysteine; D005944:Glucosamine
keywords: Bacillus; bacillithiol; oxidative stress; tRNA