title: Seroprevalence ofCoxiella burnetiiAntibodies Among Ruminants and Occupationally Exposed People in Thailand, 2012-2013.
abstract: AbstractLittle is known about the burden of Q fever in Thailand. We conducted a serological study to describe the prevalence of anti-Coxiella burnetiiantibodies among ruminants and occupationally exposed persons in response to the report of the first two Q fever endocarditis patients in Thailand in 2012. We randomly selected ruminant sera from brucellosis surveillance and examined sera of 661 occupationally exposed subjects from two provinces of Thailand: Chiangmai and Nakornratchasima. Animal and human sera were tested using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Environmental samples, vaginal swab, and milk from cows in Chiangmai farms with detectable anti-C. burnetiiserum antibodies were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among the 1,632 animal sera tested, 64 (3.9%) were seropositive. The prevalence was highest in dairy cattle (4.6%, 45/988), followed by goats (3.5%, 18/516) and sheep (2.1%, 1/48). The prevalence of anti-C. burnetiiantibodies in each species varied significantly by province: the prevalence in cattle was higher in Chiangmai (5.5% versus 0%), however, the prevalence in sheep and goats was higher in Nakornratchasima (5.9% versus 1.0%). Four out of 60 milk samples were positive by PCR (6.7%). No environmental samples were positive. Among 661 human samples, 83 (12.6%) were ELISA positive. Seroprevalence was statistically higher in Chiangmai compare with Nakornratchasima (42.8% versus 3.0%).Coxiella burnetiiinfection exists in Thailand, but the prevalence varies by geographic distribution and animal reservoirs. Further studies focusing on the burden and risk factors ofC. burnetiiinfection among high-risk groups should be conducted.
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Diseases Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pawinee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Doung-Ngern
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Diseases Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
authors.forename: Teerasak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chuxnum
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Science, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
authors.forename: Decha
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pangjai
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pattarin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Opaschaitat
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nattinee
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kittiwan
authors.affiliation: The Fifth Regional Livestock Office, Department of Livestock Development, Chiangmai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pranee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rodtian
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Noppawan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buameetoop
authors.affiliation: Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, National Center for Emerging Zoonoses and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Gilbert J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kersh
authors.affiliation: Global Disease Detection Regional Center, Thai MOPH - U.S. CDC Collaboration, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand and Global Disease Detection Branch, Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pawin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Padungtod
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000276:immunology*; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D006041:Goats; D006801:Humans; D011778:Q Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial