title: Beneficial effects of sulfonamide‑based gallates on osteoblasts in vitro.
abstract: Effective treatments for osteoporosis remain fairly elusive; however, studies have reported that antioxidants may aid in the maintenance of reactive oxygen species at a favorable level, in order to prevent osteoporosis. Gallic acid (GA) and its derivatives are potent antioxidative and anti‑inflammatory agents that affect several biochemical and pharmacological pathways; however, GA is slightly cytotoxic and suppresses cell proliferation. The present study modified GA by the introduction of sulfonamide, in order to obtain a novel compound known as JEZ‑C, and investigated its effects on osteoblasts by measuring cell proliferation, viability, morphology, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and the expression of relevant osteoblast markers. Results indicated that JEZ‑C may effectively promote osteoblast growth. JEZ‑C increased ALP activity, upregulated the expression of osteogenic‑related genes, including runt‑related transcription factor 2, bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and alpha‑1 type I collagen, thus indicating that JEZ‑C enhances bone matrix production and mineralization. The recommended range of JEZ‑C concentration is between 6.25x10‑3 and 6.25x10‑1 µg/ml, within which cell growth was promoted compared with the control. Specifically, treatment with 6.25x10‑2 µg/ml JEZ‑C is ideal. These findings may represent a novel approach to cell‑based therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Engineering Center for Biomaterials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Engineering Center for Biomaterials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Cuiwu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Engineering Center for Biomaterials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Engineering Center for Biomaterials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jinmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013449:Sulfonamides; D005707:Gallic Acid; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase