title: Application of Moringa Oleifera seed extract to treat coffee fermentation wastewater.
abstract: Wastewater generated from wet processing of coffee cherries degrades stream water quality downstream of processing mills and impacts human health. The widespread popularity of coffee as an export makes this a global problem, although the immediate impact is local. Approximately 40% of all coffee around the world is wet processed, producing wastewater rich in organic nutrients that can be hazardous to aquatic systems. Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract (MOSE) offers promise as a local and affordable "appropriate" coagulation technology for aiding in the treatment of coffee wastewater. Field research was conducted at the Kauai Coffee Company to investigate the application of MOSE to treat coffee fermentation wastewater (CFW). Coagulation tests were conducted at five pH CFW levels (3-7) and MOSE doses (0-4g/L). After settling, TSS, COD, nitrate, nitrite, total nitrogen, and pH of supernatant from each test were measured. MOSE reduced TSS, COD, nitrate, and nitrite in CFW to varying degrees dependent on pH and dose applied. TSS removal ranged from 8% to 54%. Insoluble COD removal ranged from 26% to 100% and total COD removal ranged from 1% to 25%. Nitrate and nitrite reduction ranged from 20% to 100%.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering, Department of Biomedical, Chemical, Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 230 Sattler Road, Spring Branch, TX 78070, United States. Electronic address: garde.william@gmail.com.
authors.forename: William K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Garde
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering and Construction Management, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 210071, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0071, United States. Electronic address: steven.buchberger@uc.edu.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Buchberger
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering, Department of Biomedical, Chemical, Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 210012, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States. Electronic address: wendeldw@uc.edu.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wendell
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering, Department of Biomedical, Chemical, Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 210012, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States. Electronic address: margaret.kupferle@uc.edu.
authors.forename: Margaret J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kupferle
mesh_terms: D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D040503:Coffea; D005285:Fermentation; D007220:Industrial Waste; D029588:Moringa oleifera; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012639:Seeds; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Appropriate technology; Coagulation; Coffee; Moringa; Wastewater