title: Effect of Nd:YAG laser-assisted non-surgical mechanical debridement on clinical and radiographic peri-implant inflammatory parameters in patients with peri-implant disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser-assisted non-surgical mechanical debridement (MD) in the treatment of periimplant diseases remains uninvestigated. The aim was to assess the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser-assisted non-surgical MD on clinical and radiographic periimplant inflammatory parameters in patients with periimplant disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment wise, 63 male patients with periimplant diseases were divided into 2 groups: Group-1 (32 patients): treatment of periimplant disease using MD alone (control group); and Group-2 (n=31 patients): treatment of periimplant disease using MD with a single application of Nd:YAG laser. Peri-implant inflammatory parameters (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP] and probing depth [PD]) were measured at baseline and at 3 and 6months' follow-up. Periimplant crestal bone loss (CBL) was measured at baseline and at 6months' follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskall-Wallis and Bonferroni Post hoc tests. P-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups, mean age of patients and baseline scores of periimplant PI, BOP and PD were comparable. At 3-month follow-up, scores of periimplant PI, BOP and PD were higher among patients in Group-1 compared with Group-2. At 6-month follow-up, scores of periimplant PI, BOP and PD were comparable among patients in groups 1 and 2. There was no statistically significant difference in periimplant CBL in both groups at all time intervals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nd:YAG laser-assisted non-surgical MD is more effective in reducing periimplant soft tissue inflammatory parameters than MD alone in short-term but not in long-term.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: tajabbar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abduljabbar
authors.affiliation: Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Fawad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.affiliation: Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Sergio Varela
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kellesarian
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Fahim
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vohra
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Dental School, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Georgios E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Romanos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000535:Aluminum; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003646:Debridement / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006470:Hemorrhage; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D015019:Yttrium
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; C503779:yttrium-aluminum-garnet; D015019:Yttrium; D000535:Aluminum
keywords: Mechanical debridement Nd:YAG laser; Periimplant disease; Probing depth