title: Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) in patients with acute respiratory failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the available knowledge related to the use of ECCO2R as adjuvant strategy to mechanical ventilation (MV) in various clinical settings of acute respiratory failure (ARF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Expert opinion and review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ECCO2R may be a promising adjuvant therapeutic strategy for the management of patients with severe exacerbations of COPD and for the achievement of protective or ultra-protective ventilation in patients with ARDS without life-threatening hypoxemia. Given the observational nature of most of the available clinical data and differences in technical features and performances of current devices, the balance of risks and benefits for or against ECCO2R in such patient populations remains unclear CONCLUSIONS: ECCO2R is currently an experimental technique rather than an accepted therapeutic strategy in ARF-its safety and efficacy require confirmation in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Policlinico Umberto 1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.|Extracorporeal Life Support Program, Toronto General Hospital, 585 University Avenue, PMB 11-123, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Del Sorbo
authors.affiliation: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospendale Maggiore Policlinico and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pesenti
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Policlinico Umberto 1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: V Marco
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Ranieri
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. eddy.fan@uhn.ca.|Extracorporeal Life Support Program, Toronto General Hospital, 585 University Avenue, PMB 11-123, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada. eddy.fan@uhn.ca.
authors.forename: Eddy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood*; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015300:Ventilator Weaning / Q000379:methods; D055397:Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: Adult; Artificial; Critical care; Extracorporeal CO2 removal; Intensive care units; Respiratory distress syndrome; Respiratory failure; Review; Ventilation