title: A general patterning approach by manipulating the evolution of two-dimensional liquid foams.
abstract: The evolution of gas-liquid foams has been an attractive topic for more than half a century. However, it remains a challenge to manipulate the evolution of foams, which restricts the development of porous materials with excellent mechanical, thermal, catalytic, electrical or acoustic properties. Here we report a strategy to manipulate the evolution of two-dimensional (2D) liquid foams with a micropatterned surface. We demonstrate that 2D liquid foams can evolve beyond Ostwald ripening (large bubbles always consuming smaller ones). By varying the arrangement of pillars on the surface, we have prepared various patterns of foams in which the size, shape and position of the bubbles can be precisely controlled. Furthermore, these patterned bubbles can serve as a template for the assembly of functional materials, such as nanoparticles and conductive polymers, into desired 2D networks with nanoscale resolution. This methodology provides new insights in controlling curvature-driven evolution and opens a general route for the assembly of functional materials.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Zhandong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environmental Functional Materials, Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
authors.forename: Shuoran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yifan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Fengyu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Yanlin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song