title: Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate infection control in oral radiology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To create and validate a questionnaire to evaluate infection control in oral radiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The questionnaire was developed after review of the literature, which included published articles and the biosafety protocols available from healthcare agencies. The initial version of the questionnaire was composed of 14 multiple choice questions and was divided into 3 domains on handwashing, disinfection/protection of surfaces and disinfectant used. Content validity was assessed by two expert committees, which reviewed the content and scope of the questionnaire and the relevance of each item, respectively. Reliability was evaluated using test-retest and internal consistency methods with 115 undergraduate dentistry students. Construct validity was assessed using the known-groups technique and factor analysis. The known-groups technique involved 641 undergraduate dentistry students, 20 PhD students and 15 oral radiology professors. In the factor analysis, 3 radiology technicians also participated in addition to the 641 undergraduates, 20 PhD students and 15 oral radiology professors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The content validity results were found to be satisfactory to excellent for the ordinal variables (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.722-1.000) and good to great for the yes/no questions (kappa = 0.662-0.913) in terms of reliability and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88). After a factor analysis, some questions were excluded, and the questions were grouped into new domains. Significant differences were observed between answers from different groups. The final version of the questionnaire was composed of nine domains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The questionnaire created was found to exhibit good psychometric properties for assessing infection control in oral radiology.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Social Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pinelli
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Social Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elaine P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: da Silva Tagliaferro
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Biostatistics, Bioscience Institute, Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: José E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Corrente
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Community Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Glaucia M B
authors.initials: GMB
authors.lastname: Ambrosano
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D019552:Infection Control, Dental / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016635:Universal Precautions
keywords: infection control; questionnaires; radiology; reproducibility; test validity