title: Health care as a universal right.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Most developed societies recognise the existence of a basic right of access to health care of appropriate quality, considering it a positive welfare right. It can even be one of the most important achievements of pluralistic and secular societies. The main objective of this study is to suggest the foundations for a universal right to health care, meaning the right of access to health care of appropriate quality. A second objective is to propose the necessary tools so that access to health care is viable in a specific commonwealth in accordance with available resources.
  
  
  METHODS
  To find this balance between an existing variable geometry and the actual level of resources of each specific commonwealth, the authors suggest the compatibility between Norman Daniels' "accountability for reasonableness" and the integrated view of health of the World Health Organisation through the "equal opportunity function".
  
  
  RESULTS
  The equal opportunity function appears to be an ethically acceptable solution for the existing variable geometry because it allows for different levels of provision and promotes an ethical rationing fully respecting accountability for reasonableness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The basic right of access to health care of appropriate quality is a fundamental humanitarian principle that should be enjoyed by all citizens of all countries, and the international community should recognise the obligation to promote these ideals by any means available. Indeed, although social rights such as health care demand citizens' solidarity to be enjoyed, only with the universalisation of social rights will humanity be more equal in the future.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Estrada da Circunvalação 9925, 4250-150 Porto, EU Portugal.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1377-9899
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Estrada da Circunvalação 9925, 4250-150 Porto, EU Portugal.
authors.forename: Sofia B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Estrada da Circunvalação 9925, 4250-150 Porto, EU Portugal.
authors.forename: Guilhermina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rego
keywords: Accountability for reasonableness; Priorities in health care; Rationing; Right to health care