title: Non-coding RNAs and neuroprotection after acute CNS injuries.
abstract: Accumulating evidence indicates that various classes of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in normal state as well as the diseases of the CNS. Interestingly, ncRNAs have been shown to interact with messenger RNA, DNA and proteins, and these interactions could induce epigenetic modifications and control transcription and translation, thereby adding a new layer of genomic regulation. The ncRNA expression profiles are known to be altered after acute CNS injuries including stroke, traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury that are major contributors of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hence, a better understanding of the functional significance of ncRNAs following CNS injuries could help in developing potential therapeutic strategies to minimize the neuronal damage in those conditions. The potential of ncRNAs in blood and CSF as biomarkers for diagnosis and/or prognosis of acute CNS injuries has also gained importance in the recent years. This review highlighted the current progress in the understanding of the role of ncRNAs in initiation and progression of secondary neuronal damage and their application as biomarkers after acute CNS injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison and William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Raghavendar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chandran
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison and William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Suresh L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison and William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address: vemuganti@neurosurgery.wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Raghu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vemuganti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D000066829:Neuroprotection; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000235:genetics*; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D022661:RNA, Untranslated
keywords: Hemorrhagic stroke; Ischemic stroke; Non-coding RNA; Spinal cord injury; Traumatic brain injury; lncRNA; microRNA; piRNA