title: Layer-by-layer self-assembled multilayers on PEEK implants improve osseointegration in an osteoporosis rabbit model.
abstract: This study aims to fabricate and deposit nanoscale multilayers on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) to improve cell adhesion and osseointegration. Bio-activated PEEK constructs were designed with prepared surface of different layers of polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) and polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) multilayers. Irregular morphology was found on the 5 and 10-layer PEEK surfaces, while "island-like" clusters were observed for 20-layer (20 L) multilayers. Besides, the 20 L PEEK showed more hydrophilic feature than native PEEK, and the surface contact angle reduced from 39.7° to 21.7° as layers increased from 5 to 20. In vitro, modified PEEK allowed excellent adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells, and induced higher cell growth rate and alkaline phosphatase level. In vivo, this bio-active PEEK exhibited significantly enhanced integration with bone tissue in an osteoporosis rabbit model. This work highlights layer-by-layer self-assembly as a practical method to construct bio-active PEEK implants for enhanced osseointegration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Spine Surgery Center, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Xilin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nanoscience, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nanoscience, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: zp@tongji.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nanoscience, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: chaolin@tongji.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nanoscience, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Institute for Engineering and Medicine, Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Spine Surgery Center, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: Yexj2002@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaojian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001577:Benzophenones; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D007659:Ketones / Q000737:chemistry*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D016348:Osseointegration; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011817:Rabbits; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D007659:Ketones; D011108:Polymers; C063834:polyetheretherketone; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols
keywords: Layer-by-layer assembly; Osseointegration; Osteoporosis model; PEEK; Stem cells