title: Lysine acetylation regulates the function of the global anaerobic transcription factor FnrL in Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
abstract: The metabolism of the purple non-sulfur bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides is versatile and it can grow under various conditions. Here, we report evidence that the anaerobic photosynthetic metabolism of R. sphaeroides is regulated by protein lysine acetylation. Using a proteomic approach, 59 acetylated peptides were detected. Among them is the global anaerobic transcription factor FnrL, which regulates the biosynthetic pathway of tetrapyrroles and synthesis of the photosynthetic apparatus. Lysine 223 of FnrL was identified as acetylated. We show that all three lysines in the DNA binding domain (K223, K213 and K175) of FnrL can be acetylated by acetyl-phosphate in vitro. A bacterial deacetylase homolog, RsCobB can deacetylate FnrL in vitro. The transcription of genes downstream of FnrL decreased when the DNA binding domain of FnrL was acetylated, as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and acetylation-mimicking mutagenesis. An increasing number of acetylated lysines resulted in a further decrease in DNA binding ability. These results demonstrate that the lysine acetylation can fine tune the function of the oxygen-sensitive FnrL; thus, it might regulate anaerobic photosynthetic metabolism of R. sphaeroides.
authors.affiliation: CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xinfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Ruofan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Guoping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Shimin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8995-1838
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000332:Aerobiosis / Q000502:physiology; D000693:Anaerobiosis / Q000502:physiology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D040901:Proteomics; D012242:Rhodobacter sphaeroides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045725:Tetrapyrroles / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C096744:FnrL protein, Rhodobacter sphaeroides; D045725:Tetrapyrroles; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D008239:Lysine