title: Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor-mutations in asbestos exposed non-smokers: A case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cigarette smoke and asbestos are recognized causes of lung carcinoma and together promote carcinogenesis. Adenocarcinoma is currently the most common cause of lung cancer in the USA and it has been linked to both smoking and asbestos exposure. Mutations in the epidermal growth factor gene receptor (EGFR) occur predominantly in non-smokers with adenocarcinoma. Methods Mutations in the EGFR gene were investigated using next-generation sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report the presence of EGFR exon point mutations in the pulmonary adenocarcinomas of three never-smokers occupationally exposed to asbestos.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The role of asbestos as a possible cause of EGFR mutagenesis requires further investigation. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:306-309, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.|Pulmonary/Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kradin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iafrate
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary/Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.|Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Christiani
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000368:Aged; D001194:Asbestos / Q000633:toxicity*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D001194:Asbestos; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors
keywords: adenocarcinoma; asbestos; cigarette smoke; epidermal growth factor receptor