title: EGCG Prevents High Fat Diet-Induced Changes in Gut Microbiota, Decreases of DNA Strand Breaks, and Changes in Expression and DNA Methylation ofDnmt1andMLH1in C57BL/6J Male Mice.
abstract: Obesity as a multifactorial disorder involves low-grade inflammation, increased reactive oxygen species incidence, gut microbiota aberrations, and epigenetic consequences. Thus, prevention and therapies with epigenetic active antioxidants, (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), are of increasing interest. DNA damage, DNA methylation and gene expression ofDNA methyltransferase 1,interleukin 6, andMutL homologue 1were analyzed in C57BL/6J male mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a control diet (CD) with and without EGCG supplementation. Gut microbiota was analyzed with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. An induction of DNA damage was observed, as a consequence of HFD-feeding, whereas EGCG supplementation decreased DNA damage. HFD-feeding induced a higher inflammatory status. Supplementation reversed these effects, resulting in tissue specific gene expression and methylation patterns ofDNA methyltransferase 1andMutL homologue 1. HFD feeding caused a significant lower bacterial abundance. TheFirmicutes/Bacteroidetesratio is significantly lower in HFD + EGCG but higher in CD + EGCG compared to control groups. The results demonstrate the impact of EGCG on the one hand on gut microbiota which together with dietary components affects host health. On the other hand effects may derive from antioxidative activities as well as epigenetic modifications observed on CpG methylation but also likely to include other epigenetic elements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Marlene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Remely
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferk
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sterneder
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Tahereh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Setayesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kepcija
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Rahil
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Noorizadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rebhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greunz
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beckmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knasmüller
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Alexander G
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9699-537X
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Haslberger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1 / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C501485:Mlh1 protein, mouse; D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; C000619381:Dnmt1 protein, mouse; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1