title: [The neural networks of facial expression].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Face perception involves a broad network of connections between cortical and subcortical regions for the exchange and synchronization of information using white matter fibers. This precise communication system can be affected by the structures and the pathways that connect them.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish the neural substrate underlying the perception of facial expression and to analyze the different factors involved in modulating the integrity of this neural network, with the aim being to introduce improvements into rehabilitation programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  When the complex neural network involved in the perception of facial expression is altered by trauma, neurodegenerative disorders, developmental disorders, social isolation or negative contexts, the adaptive capacity to interact with the environment also deteriorates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maintaining the neural network integrity responsible for processing facial expression requires considering different variables. To a greater or lesser extent, these variables modify the structure or function of neural networks, such as aerobic training, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, and learning. These variables are affected by age, and the type and course of the condition or generator context, and raise the need for rehabilitation protocols that are adapted and designed to delimit the deficient neuronal substrate.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Camilo Jose Cela (UCJC), Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gordillo
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mestas
authors.affiliation: Universidad Camilo Jose Cela (UCJC), Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.affiliation: Universidad Camilo Jose Cela (UCJC), Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Fundacion Universitaria Behavior , Mostoles, Espana.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Espana.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Arana
mesh_terms: D063132:Connectome; D005149:Facial Expression; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010468:Perceptual Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D066127:White Matter / Q000502:physiology