title: [Protein carbonylation - reasons, effects and determination].
abstract: Disorder of cellular metabolic homeostasis resulting in the enhanced level of reactive oxygen species, glucose or reactive carbonyl compounds (products of lipid, glucose and amino acids oxidation) causes modifications of cellular components, particularly proteins. As a result of polypeptide chain direct oxidative modifications, carbonyl groups are formed. Reactions of polypeptides with glucose resulting in advanced glycation end products (AGE) generation and reaction with lipid peroxidation products giving advanced lipoxidation end products (ALE) and mechanisms of the above products generation are described. Since accumulation of modified proteins in cells can lead to the development of different diseases including diabetes and its associated diseases as well as neurodegenerative diseases their identification as well as quantitative determination is very important. Obtained data are used in diagnosis and in pharmacotherapy. However, variety of products and a wide range of their concentration in biological samples, cause that different analytic techniques must be used for their analysis. In this review, methods for their determination, with particular emphasis on proteomic approach using state of the art analytical techniques are shown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, 2D Mickiewicza St., 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ambrożewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, 2D Mickiewicza St., 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bielawska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D011506:Proteins
keywords: advanced glycation end product; advanced lipoxidation end product; carbonyl group; protein; reactive oxygen species