title: ST-segment Elevation: Myocardial Infarction or Simulacrum?
abstract: A rapid diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is mandatory for optimal treatment of an acute coronary syndrome. However, a small number of patients with suspected STEMI are afflicted with other medical conditions. These medical conditions are rare, but important clinical entities that should be considered when evaluating a STEMI alert. These conditions include coronary vasospasm, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, coronary arteritis/aneurysm, myopericarditis, Brugada syndrome, left bundle branch block, early repolarization, aortic dissection, infective endocarditis with root abscess, subarachnoid hemorrhage, ventricular aneurysm after transmural myocardial infarction, and hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism with right ventricular strain. Herein, we present several STEMI mimickers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Nachiket
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL.
authors.forename: Timothy E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Paterick
authors.affiliation: Aurora Cardiovascular Services, St. Luke's Medical Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Milwaukee, WI.
authors.forename: Khawaja Afzal
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ammar
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Krishnaswamy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chandrasekaran
authors.affiliation: Aurora Cardiovascular Services, St. Luke's Medical Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Milwaukee, WI.
authors.forename: A Jamil
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tajik
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac; D002037:Bundle-Branch Block / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D054549:Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy / Q000175:diagnosis