title: Detection of virulence genes, phylogenetic group and antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Mongolia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The severity of urinary tract infection (UTI) produced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is due to the expression of a wide spectrum of virulence genes. E. coli strains were divided into four phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2 and D) based on their virulence genes. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between virulence genes, phylogenetic groups, and antibiotic resistance of UPEC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 148 E. coli were tested for antimicrobial resistance against 10 drugs using the disk diffusion method. The isolates were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of virulence genes and categorized into the four major phylogenetic groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Phylogenetic group B2 was predominant (33.8%), followed by D (28.4%), A (19.6), and B1 (18.2%). A higher prevalence of fimH (89.9%), fyuA (70.3%), traT (66.2%), iutA (62.2%), kpsMTII (58.8%), and aer (56.1%) genes were found in UPEC, indicating a putative role of adhesins, iron acquisition systems, and protectins that are main cause of UTIs. The most common antibiotic resistance was to cephalotin (85.1%), ampicillin (78.4%) and the least to nitrofurantoin (5.4%) and imipenem (2%). In total, 93.9% of isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that group B2 and D were the predominant phylogenetic groups and virulence-associated genes were mostly distributed in these groups. The virulence genes encoding components of adhesins, iron acquisition systems, and protectins were highly prevalent among antibiotic-resistant UPEC. Although the majority of strains are MDR, nitrofurantoin is the drug of choice for treatment of UTI patients in Ulaanbaatar.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. munkhdelger@mnums.edu.mn.
authors.forename: Yandag
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Munkhdelger
authors.forename: Nyamaa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gunregjav
authors.forename: Altantsetseg
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dorjpurev
authors.forename: Nishi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Juniichiro
authors.forename: Jav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sarantuya
mesh_terms: D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008986:Mongolia / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D056689:Uropathogenic Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors