title: Changes in Cardiac Varices and Their Clinical Significance after Eradication of Esophageal Varices by Band Ligation.
abstract: Background and Aims. Cardiac varices (CVs) in patients with type 1 gastroesophageal varices (GOV1s) usually disappear with treatment for esophageal varices (EVs) by endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS). However, whether this applies to patients treated with endoscopic band ligation (EBL) for EVs remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of EVs eradication by EBL on CVs.Methods. We included cirrhotic patients whose EVs had been eradicated using EBL and excluded those who had been treated using EIS, those who had received endoscopic therapy for CVs, and those who were combined with hepatocellular carcinoma.Results. A total of 123 patients were enrolled. The age was 59.7 ± 11.7 years, and 96 patients (78.0%) were men. Thirty-eight patients (30.9%) had EVs only, while 85 (69.1%) had GOV1s. After EVs eradication, the CVs disappeared in 55 patients (64.7%). EVs recurred in 40 patients, with recurrence rates at 1, 2, and 3 years of 16.0%, 29.6%, and 35.6%, respectively, the recurrence being more frequent in patients who had undergone EBL for secondary prophylaxis and in those with persisting CVs after EVs eradication (P= 0.003).Conclusions. CVs frequently disappeared when EVs were eradicated using EBL in patients with GOV1s. Persistence of CVs after EVs eradication by EBL was associated with EVs recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon Seok
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4171-6331
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han Ah
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hyung
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyuk Soon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Sun
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keum
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Kul
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hoon
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3924-0434
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyonggin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Tae
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Jeen
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Yeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hoon Jai
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwan Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Um
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Duck
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002299:Cardia; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011322:Primary Prevention; D012008:Recurrence; D055502:Secondary Prevention