title: Raw Glycerol and Parboiled Rice Effluent for Carotenoid Production: Effect of the Composition of Culture Medium and Initial pH.
abstract: Search for naturally grown food has stimulated the biotechnological production of carotenoids. Therefore, the use of the yeastXanthophyllomonas dendrorhoushas been researched due to its abilities to assimilate different sources as substrates and to produce high amounts of carotenoids. Furthermore, alternative sources have been used as the culture medium to reduce costs and environmental impact. A potent carotenoid is astaxanthin in view of its health-promoting and antioxidative properties. It consists of different geometrical isomers withtransandcisconfiguration. InX. dendrorhousthis carotenoid is mostly found in thetransform, butcisisomers can also be found. Carotenoid production was investigated in culture medium containing by-products such as raw glycerol (from biodiesel) and parboiled rice effluent. The effects of the culture medium components on biomass concentration and specific and volumetric productions of carotenoids were verified by the Plackett-Burman design. Cultivations were carried out with yeastXanthophyllomonas dendrorhousNRRL Y-17268 at 25 °C and 150 rpm for 168 h. In this study, maximum production of carotenoids was obtained under the following conditions (in g/L): raw glycerol 10, glucose 10, yeast extract 10, malt extract 10 and peptone 1 at pH=6. Resulting specific and volumetric productions of carotenoids were 326.8 and 4.1 µg/g, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Chemistry and Food School (EQA), PO Box 474, BR-96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina Moroni
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Chemistry and Food School (EQA), PO Box 474, BR-96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thais
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: de Matos de Borba
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Chemistry and Food School (EQA), PO Box 474, BR-96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Susana Juliano
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kalil
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Chemistry and Food School (EQA), PO Box 474, BR-96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaína Fernandes
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: de Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Chemistry and Food School (EQA), PO Box 474, BR-96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors.lastname: Burkert
keywords: Plackett-Burman design; Xanthophyllomonas dendrorhous; by-products; natural pigments