title: Current and prospective sights in mechanism of deoxynivalenol-induced emesis for future scientific study and clinical treatment.
abstract: Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of trichothecene mycotoxins produced by the fungus Fusarium, is commonly detected in cereal foods and in secondary food production across the world. Lower concentrations of DON induce a dose-related feed refusal (anorexia), whereas it acts as a potent emetic agent at higher levels. DON-induced emesis in humans and livestock can be observed and recorded in both undeveloped and developed regions such as Lixian, Guide and Huangzhong in China and Illinois in the USA. Some studies with different animal models (pigs and minks) suggested that DON could change expressions of 5-hydroxytryptamine, peptide YY, neuropeptide Y2 receptor and nucleobindin-2/nesfatin-1 in plasma and different areas of the brain. Some selective antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptors can inhibit DON-induced emetic response. Otherwise, the Ca2+homeostasis and MAPK pathway could be potential directions in future studies. Dolasetron, dantrolene and JNJ-31020028 can be used in clinical treatment but they have potential toxic effects. (-)Epicatechin, ginger phytochemicals and isoflavone can be tested in in vitro and in vivo for their usage as food additives for reducing the emesis. The present review summarizes and discusses some information from previous and recent prominent publications with the aim to provide some comprehensive and helpful data for understanding the mechanism of DON-induced emesis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030, Wuhan, China.|Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Liangkai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030, Wuhan, China.|Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Center, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nüssler
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030, Wuhan, China.|Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Liegang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030, Wuhan, China.|Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1973-5579
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D006801:Humans; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: 5-HT; Ca2+ homeostasis; DON; Emesis; NPY2; PYY; Phytochemicals