title: Pitfalls and Challenges in Nanotoxicology: A Case of Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4) Nanocomposites.
abstract: Nanotechnology is developing at a rapid pace with promises of a brilliant socio-economic future. The apprehensions of vivid future involvement with nanotechnology make nanoobjects ubiquitous in the macroscopic world of humans. Nanotechnology helps us to visualize the new mysterious horizons in engineering, sophisticated electronics, environmental remediation, biosensing, and nanomedicine. In all these hotspots, cobalt ferrite (CoFe) nanoparticles (NPs) are outstanding contestants because of their astonishing controllable physicochemical and magnetic properties with ease of synthesis methods. The extensive use of CoFe NPs may result in CoFe NPs easily penetrating the human body unintentionally by ingestion, inhalation, adsorption, etc. and intentionally being instilled into the human body during biomedical diagnostics and treatment. After being housed in the human body, it might induce oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, inflammation, apoptosis, and developmental, metabolic and hormonal abnormalities. In this review, we compiled the toxicity knowledge of CoFe NPs aimed to provide the safe usage of this breed of nanomaterials.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310032, China.|State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Farooq
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6019-436X
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310032, China.|Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang University of Technology , 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D003035:Cobalt / Q000633:toxicity*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D036103:Nanotechnology; D014116:Toxicology
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; C569492:cobalt ferrite; D003035:Cobalt