title: Single-step ambient-air synthesis of graphene from renewable precursors as electrochemical genosensor.
abstract: Thermal chemical vapour deposition techniques for graphene fabrication, while promising, are thus far limited by resource-consuming and energy-intensive principles. In particular, purified gases and extensive vacuum processing are necessary for creating a highly controlled environment, isolated from ambient air, to enable the growth of graphene films. Here we exploit the ambient-air environment to enable the growth of graphene films, without the need for compressed gases. A renewable natural precursor, soybean oil, is transformed into continuous graphene films, composed of single-to-few layers, in a single step. The enabling parameters for controlled synthesis and tailored properties of the graphene film are discussed, and a mechanism for the ambient-air growth is proposed. Furthermore, the functionality of the graphene is demonstrated through direct utilization as an electrode to realize an effective electrochemical genosensor. Our method is applicable to other types of renewable precursors and may open a new avenue for low-cost synthesis of graphene films.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.
authors.forename: Dong Han
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.|School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Shafique
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pineda
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, The University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Jinghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.
authors.forename: Yesim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gozukara
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yick
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bendavid
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.
authors.forename: Simon Kwai Hung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.
authors.forename: Adrian T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Murdock
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.
authors.forename: Anthony B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.
authors.forename: Zhao Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.|School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.|Institute for Future Environments and Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.
authors.forename: Kostya Ken
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ostrikov
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry; D006108:Graphite / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D006108:Graphite; D013024:Soybean Oil