title: Oral squamous cell carcinoma in the background of oral submucous fibrosis is a distinct clinicopathological entity with better prognosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to compare the clinicopathological features of oral squamous cell carcinoma in the background of oral submucous fibrosis (OSCC-OSMF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 217 cases of OSCC were retrieved from achieves for the analysis. OSCC-OSMF cases were segregated on the basis of history and clinicopathological parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 217 patients of which 112 had OSCC and 105 OSCC-OSMF. OSCC-OSMFs were younger compared with OSCC. Overall oral cancer was noted predominantly in males compared to females. The number of OSCC-OSMF was more in clinical TNM stage I and stage II as compared to OSCC, whereas the number of OSCC was more in stage III and stage IV compared to OSCC-OSMF. Histological presentation of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was significantly more in OSCC-OSMF compared to OSCC, whereas moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was significantly more in OSCC compared to OSCC-OSMF. Regional lymph node metastasis was significantly higher in OSCC compared to OSCC-OSMF. Three-year disease-free survival rate was significantly higher in OSCC-OSMF compared to OSCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The OSCC-OSMF was found to be a clinicopathologically distinct entity with a better grade of tumor differentiation, less incidence of nodal metastases, and early detection (early clinical TNM stage) compared to OSCC. All these factors probably contribute to a better prognosis and increased 3-year disease-free survival in OSCC-OSMF patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Amol Ramchandra
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-7694
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gadbail
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Minal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Madhuri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gawande
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Alka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hande
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1856-0957
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarode
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Satyajit Ashok
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2288-5167
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Tekade
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Yerala Dental College and Hospital, Kharghar, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Sheetal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Korde
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Prajakta
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zade
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhowate
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borle
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001114:Areca / Q000009:adverse effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009914:Oral Submucous Fibrosis / Q000473:pathology*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
keywords: areca nut; oral submucous fibrosis; squamous cell carcinoma; tobacco