title: Relationship between coffee consumption and stroke risk in Korean population: the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study.
abstract: Although coffee consumption is increasing rapidly, the results of previous studies regarding the association between coffee consumption and stroke risk have been conflicting. This was a multi-center cross-sectional study that aimed to evaluate the relationship between coffee consumption and stroke risk in Korean population.
  
  
  
  Data were obtained from the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study, which involved 146,830 individuals aged 40-69 years. Coffee consumption was categorized as none, < 1 cup/day, 1 to < 3 cups/day, and ≥ 3 cups/day. We used logistic regression models to examine the association between coffee consumption and the risk of stroke while controlling for potential confounders and performed subgroup analyses.
  
  
  
  After adjusting for age and various possible confounders, high coffee consumption was associated with a 38% lower odds ratio for stroke in women (none vs. ≥ 3 cups/day: OR, 0.62; 95% CI 0.47-0.81; P for trend < 0.0001). No significant association was found in men (none vs. ≥ 3 cups/day: OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.66-1.07; P for trend = 0.1515). In analyses stratified by covariates, an inverse association between coffee consumption and stroke risk was most evident among healthy women who were younger, non-obese, non-hypertensive, non-diabetic, non-smokers, and non-alcohol drinkers.
  
  
  
  Our results suggest that higher coffee consumption may have protective benefits with regards to stroke risk in middle-aged Korean women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, 03760, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeeyoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, 03760, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea. yuri.kim@ewha.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D003069:Coffee; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee
keywords: HEXA; Korean; coffee; stroke