title: Hierarchically Structured Macro with Nested Mesoporous Zinc Indium Oxide Conducting Film.
abstract: Fabrication of homogeneously distributed (HD) macropores by breath figure process is an active research area. Adopting the process, for the first time, we report the fabrication of HD macro with nested meso (hierarchical) porous nanocrystalline zinc indium oxide conducting sol-gel thin film on glass by dip-coating at 45-50% room relative humidity (RH) from a solution in ethanol-2-butanol (1:1, w/w) medium with a 1:1, Zn:In ratio. In this process, solution composition and RH are found to play key roles on HD macropore generation. The film is highly promising toward visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical water splitting.
authors.affiliation: Sol-Gel Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute , Post Office - Jadavpur University, 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Susanta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bera
authors.affiliation: Sol-Gel Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute , Post Office - Jadavpur University, 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Moumita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.affiliation: Sol-Gel Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute , Post Office - Jadavpur University, 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Saswati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Sol-Gel Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute , Post Office - Jadavpur University, 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Sunirmal
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4573-4465
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jana
keywords: breath figure process; hierarchical porous film; photoelectrochemical activity; sol−gel; zinc indium oxide