title: Nucleosome positioning in the regulatory region of SV40 chromatin correlates with the activation and repression of early and late transcription during infection.
abstract: The location of nucleosomes in SV40 virions and minichromosomes isolated during infection were determined by next generation sequencing (NGS). The patterns of reads within the regulatory region of chromatin from wild-type virions indicated that micrococcal nuclease-resistant nucleosomes were specifically positioned at nt 5223 and nt 363, while in minichromosomes isolated 48 h post-infection we observed nuclease-resistant nucleosomes at nt 5119 and nt 212. The nucleosomes at nt 5223 and nt 363 in virion chromatin would be expected to repress early and late transcription, respectively. In virions from the mutant cs1085, which does not repress early transcription, we found that these two nucleosomes were significantly reduced compared to wild-type virions confirming a repressive role for them. In chromatin from cells infected for only 30min with wild-type virus, we observed a significant reduction in the nucleosomes at nt 5223 and nt 363 indicating that the potential repression by these nucleosomes appeared to be relieved very early in infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
authors.forename: Meera Ajeet
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
authors.forename: Kendra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dettlaff
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perley
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scheidegger
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Electronic address: latabala@iupui.edu.
authors.forename: Lata
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Balakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA. Electronic address: barry.milavetz@med.nodak.edu.
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Milavetz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D009707:Nucleosomes
keywords: Epigenome; Next Generation Sequencing; Nucleosome Positioning; SV40; Transcription