title: Contemporary management of pericardial effusion: practical aspects for clinical practice.
abstract: A pericardial effusion (PE) is a relatively common finding in clinical practice. It may be either isolated or associated with pericarditis with or without an underlying disease. The aetiology is varied and may be either infectious (especially tuberculosis as the most common cause in developing countries) or non-infectious (cancer, systemic inflammatory diseases). The management is essentially guided by the hemodynamic effect (presence or absence of cardiac tamponade), the presence of concomitant pericarditis or underlying disease, and its size and duration. The present paper reviews the current knowledge on the aetiology, classification, diagnosis, management, therapy, and prognosis of PE in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University Cardiology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, and University of Torino , Torino , Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imazio
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University Cardiology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, and University of Torino , Torino , Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gaido
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University Cardiology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, and University of Torino , Torino , Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University Cardiology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, and University of Torino , Torino , Italy.
authors.forename: Fiorenzo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaita
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002305:Cardiac Tamponade / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D019468:Disease Management; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D004452:Echocardiography; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D000069236:Pericardial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D010491:Pericardial Window Techniques; D010492:Pericardiectomy; D010493:Pericarditis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents
keywords: Pericardial effusion; aetiology; diagnosis; prognosis; therapy