title: Traumatic Brain Injury in Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans: New Results From a National Random Sample Study.
abstract: This study randomly sampled post-9/11 military veterans and reports on causes, predictors, and frequency of traumatic brain injury (TBI) (N=1,388). A total of 17.3% met criteria for TBI during military service, with about one-half reporting multiple head injuries, which were related to higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, back pain, and suicidal ideation. The most common mechanisms of TBI included blasts (33.1%), objects hitting head (31.7%), and fall (13.5%). TBI was associated with enlisted rank, male gender, high combat exposure, and sustaining TBI prior to military service. Clinical and research efforts in veterans should consider TBI mechanism, effects of cumulative TBI, and screening for premilitary TBI.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, N.C. (LKL, HCL); the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, N.C. (EBE); and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C. (EBE).
authors.forename: Lisa K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Lindquist
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, N.C. (LKL, HCL); the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, N.C. (EBE); and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C. (EBE).
authors.forename: Holly C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Love
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, N.C. (LKL, HCL); the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, N.C. (EBE); and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C. (EBE).
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Elbogen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055826:Afghan Campaign 2001-; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans; D000067453:War Exposure
keywords: Epidemiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders; Pain; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Suicide; Traumatic Brain Injury