title: Metoclopramide as intermittent and continuous infusions in critically ill patients: a pilot randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metoclopramide is commonly used as a prokinetic agent in critically ill patients with enteral feeding intolerance. In this study, noninferiority of metoclopramide as intermittent versus continuous infusion was examined in critically ill patients with enteral feeding intolerance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty critically ill adults patients were assigned to receive metoclopramide as either intermittent (10 mg every 6 h) or continuous (2 mg/h) infusion. Frequency of feeding intolerance and adverse effects of metoclopramide were assessed during 7 days of study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Number of patients with feeding intolerance during different times of the course was not different between the groups. Although not statistically significant, diarrhea and cardiac rhythm were more common in continuous than intermittent infusion group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous and intermittent infusions of metoclopramide showed equivalent effectiveness in critically ill patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoume
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malekolkottab
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khalili
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramezani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Anahid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nourian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D002149:Energy Intake; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects; D000073923:Food Intolerance / Q000188:drug therapy; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D008787:Metoclopramide
keywords: continuous infusion; intermittent infusion; metoclopramide