title: Identification and Characterization of a Plastidic Adenine Nucleotide Uniporter (OsBT1-3) Required for Chloroplast Development in the Early Leaf Stage of Rice.
abstract: Chloroplast development is an important subject in botany. In this study, a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant exhibiting impairment in early chloroplast development (seedling leaf albino (sla)) was isolated from a filial generation via hybridization breeding. The sla mutant seedlings have an aberrant form of chloroplasts, which resulted in albinism at the first and second leaves; however, the leaf sheath was green. The mutant gradually turned green after the two-leaf stage, and the third leaf was a normal shade of green. Map-based cloning indicated that the gene OsBT1-3, which belongs to the mitochondrial carrier family (MCF), is responsible for the sla mutant phenotype. OsBT1-3 expression was high in the young leaves, decreased after the two-leaf stage, and was low in the sheath, and these findings are consistent with the recovery of a number of chloroplasts in the third leaf of sla mutant seedlings. The results also showed that OsBT1-3-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) was targeted to the chloroplast, and a Western blot assay using a peptide-specific antibody indicated that OsBT1-3 localizes to the chloroplast envelope. We also demonstrated that OsBT1-3 functions as a unidirectional transporter of adenine nucleotides. Based on these findings, OsBT1-3 likely acts as a plastid nucleotide uniporter and is essential for chloroplast development in rice leaves at the young seedling stage.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, the Yangtze River Valley Hybrid Rice Collaboration Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, R. P. China.
authors.forename: Daoheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, the Yangtze River Valley Hybrid Rice Collaboration Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, R. P. China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, the Yangtze River Valley Hybrid Rice Collaboration Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, R. P. China.
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, R. P. China.
authors.forename: Hanyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: College of Foreign Languages, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, Hubei Province, R. P. China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, the Yangtze River Valley Hybrid Rice Collaboration Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, R. P. China.
authors.forename: Yangsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D055442:Metabolome; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018087:Plastids / Q000378:metabolism*; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D002734:Chlorophyll; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate