title: A promising application of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt to removal of Microcystis aeruginosa cells from drinking water.
abstract: This work was aimed toward studying the new application of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HTCC), a water-soluble chitosan derivative, on removal of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) cells during HTCC coagulation and floc storage. Results showed that all cells were removed without damage under optimum coagulation conditions: HTCC dosage 1.5mg/L, rapid mixing for 0.5min at 5.04g and slow mixing for 30min at 0.20g. The high removal efficiency was due to the large size and compact structure of flocs formed by HTCC, which readily settled. During floc storage, HTCC could induce production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which would accelerate M. aeruginosa cell lysis. But the flocs, into which the cells aggregated, could protect cells from cellular oxidative damage caused by ROS, thus keeping the cells intact for a longer time.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Center on Environmental Science and Technology, Jinan, 250061, China. Electronic address: haiyanhup@126.com.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Center on Environmental Science and Technology, Jinan, 250061, China.
authors.forename: Wenrong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Yaowen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Hangzhou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Chunxia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Jiongming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Hongmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D005427:Flocculation; D046931:Microcystis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Cell integrity; Chitosan quaternary salt (HTCC); Floc properties; Microcystis aeruginosa; Removal efficiency