title: Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of 252 Chinese patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome: comparison with Euro-Phospholipid cohort.
abstract: This study aims to characterize the Chinese Han patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) and compare the data with those of the Euro-Phospholipid cohort. We conducted a single center study consisting of 252 patients with definite APS from 2000 to 2015. We analyzed the clinical and laboratory characteristics of our cohort and compared the data with those of the Euro-Phospholipid cohort. Our cohort consisted of 216 females and 36 males, with a mean age at entry into this study of 41 years (range 11-74 years). Of these patients, 69 (27.4%) patients had primary APS, and 183 (72.6%) had secondary APS (SAPS), including 163 (64.7%) patients had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Thrombotic events occurred in 190 (75.4%) patients, and the most common ones were deep vein thrombosis (40.1%) and stroke (23.8%), which were similar to the reports of the Euro-Phospholipid cohort. In contrast, our cohort had less pulmonary embolism (6.7%). Among 93 females with 299 pregnancy episodes, the rates of early (<10 weeks) and late fetal loss (≥10 weeks) were, respectively, 37.8% and 24.4%. The latter was significantly higher than that of the Euro-Phospholipid cohort. Moreover, 7 APS nephropathy patients (characterized histopathologically by thrombotic microangiopathy) and 8 catastrophic APS patients were found in our cohort. Anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL) were detected in 169 (67.1%) patients, lupus anti-coagulant (LA) was detected in 83 (32.9%), and anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies (anti-β2GPI) in 148 (58.7%) patients. These results show that some clinical manifestations of APS may vary among different racial groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Yao
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Qiong-Yi
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Lei
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bing
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Na
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Pojen P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China. yangchengde@sina.com.
authors.forename: Cheng-de
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood*; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D044466:Asian People; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063189:Symptom Assessment; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M
keywords: Anti-phospholipid syndrome; Clinical; Cohort; Laboratory