title: Ultra-low frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation does not affect the centric relation registration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of ULF-TENS on the displacement of the mandibular condyle and on the repeatability of centric relation (CR) registration of three different techniques: bimanual manipulation (BM), long strip technique, and harmonic centric occlusal relationship (R.O.C.A. wires).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five participants without temporomandibular disorder (TMD) underwent two study stages conducted via electronic position analysis: (1) three CR records were made, one for each manipulation technique; (2) the ULF-TENS was applied for 30 min, and after that the same CR records were repeated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mann-Whitney, ICC, and one-tailed F test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ULF-TENS did not influence the condyle total displacement, regardless of CR recording technique used (p > 0.05). BM showed an improvement in repeatability after ULF-TENS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concerning the variance, BM showed less variation at the X-axis. Long strip technique and R.O.C.A. wires varied less at the Y-axis. Long strip technique was again less variable at the Z-axis.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão, São Paulo University , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafaella Mariana Fontes
authors.initials: RMF
authors.lastname: de Bragança
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão, São Paulo University , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina Almeida
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão, São Paulo University , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Melissa Oliveira
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Melchior
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão, São Paulo University , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Laís Valencise
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Magri
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão, São Paulo University , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo Oliveira
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Mazzetto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016302:Centric Relation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Jaw relation record; dental occlusion; mandibular condyle; transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation