title: Anti-inflammatory effect of strawberry extract against LPS-induced stress in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
abstract: A common denominator in the pathogenesis of most chronic inflammatory diseases is the involvement of oxidative stress, related to ROS production by all aerobic organisms. Dietary antioxidants from plant foods represent an efficient strategy to counteract this condition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of strawberry extracts on inflammatory status induced by E. Coli LPS on RAW 264.7 macrophages by measuring the main oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers and investigating the molecular pathways involved. Strawberry pre-treatment efficiently counteracted LPS-induced oxidative stress reducing the amount of ROS and nitrite production, stimulating endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities and enhancing protection against lipid, protein and DNA damage (P < 0.05). Strawberry pre-treatment exerted these protective effects primarily through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway, which is markedly AMPK-dependent and also by the modulation of the NF-kB signalling pathway. Finally, an improvement in mitochondria functionality was also detected. The results obtained in this work highlight the health benefit of strawberries against inflammatory and oxidative stress in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, investigating for the first time the possible involved molecular mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy. Electronic address: m.gasparrini@univpm.it.
authors.forename: Massimiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gasparrini
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy; Area de Nutrición y Salud, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana (UNINI), Campeche C.P.24040, Mexico.
authors.forename: Tamara Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Forbes-Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giampieri
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy.
authors.forename: Sadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Afrin
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Josè M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Suarez
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mazzoni
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mezzetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Josè L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Quiles
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy; Centre for Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico (UEA), Santander 39011, Spain. Electronic address: m.a.battino@univpm.it.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D031985:Fragaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Inflammation; LPS; Phenolic compounds; Prevention; ROS; Strawberry