title: Low-Dose Prostate Cancer Brachytherapy with Radioactive Palladium-Gold Nanoparticles.
abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death among men. Low-dose brachytherapy is an increasingly used treatment for PCa, which requires the implantation of tens of radioactive seeds. This treatment causes discomfort; these implants cannot be removed, and they generate image artifacts. In this study, the authors report on intratumoral injections of radioactive gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) as an alternative to seeds. The particles (103Pd:Pd@Au-PEG and103Pd:Pd@198Au:Au-PEG; 10-14 nm Pd@Au core, 36-48 nm hydrodynamic diameter) are synthesized by a one-pot process and characterized by electron microscopy. Administrated as low volume (2-4 µL) single doses (1.6-1.7 mCi), the particles are strongly retained in PCa xenograft tumors, impacting on their growth rate. After 4 weeks, a tumor volume inhibition of 56% and of 75%, compared to the controls, is observed for103Pd:Pd@Au-PEG NPs and103Pd:Pd@198Au:Au-PEG NPs, respectively. Skin necrosis is observed with198Au; therefore, Au NPs labeled with103Pd only are a more advisable choice. Overall, this is the first study confirming the impact of103Pd@Au NPs on tumor growth. This new brachytherapy procedure could allow tunable doses of radioactivity, administered with smaller needles than with the current technologies, and leading to fewer image artifacts.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval (CR CHU de Québec), axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada.|Department of Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.|Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laprise-Pelletier
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval (CR CHU de Québec), axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lagueux
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval (CR CHU de Québec), axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-France
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.affiliation: Centre Interdisciplinaire de Microscopie Électronique (CIME), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: LaGrange
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval (CR CHU de Québec), axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada.|Department of Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.|Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Marc-André
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fortin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000379:methods*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D010165:Palladium; D006046:Gold
keywords: alginate; intratumoral injections; low-dose brachytherapy; palladium-gold nanoparticles; prostate cancer; radioactive gold nanoparticles; radioactive palladium