title: Salvage Procedures for Management of Prosthetic Joint Infection After Hip and Knee Replacements.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increasing load placed by joint replacement surgery on health care systems makes infection, even with the lowest rates, a serious concern that needs to be thoroughly studied and addressed using all possible measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive review of the current literature on salvage procedures for recurrent PJIs using PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL has been conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy (PSAT), resection arthroplasty and arthrodesis were the most common procedures performed. Suppressive antibiotic therapy is based on the use of well tolerated long term antibiotics in controlling sensitive organisms. Resection arthroplasty which should be reserved as a last resort provided more predictable outcomes in the hip whereas arthrodesis was associated with better outcomes in the knee. Various methods for arthrodesis including internal and external fixation have been described.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite good union and infection control rates, all methods were associated with complications occasionally requiring further surgical interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, South Tees NHS Foundation Trust, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, TS4 3 BW, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Samer S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, E1 1BB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sukeik
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, E1 1BB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sulaiman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alazzawi
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, North Manchester General Hospital, Delaunay's Road, Crumpsall, M8 5RB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shaath
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, St Georges NHS Foundation Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sabri
keywords: Antibiotics; Arthrodesis; Fusion; Girdlestone; Infection; Joint; Replacement; Resection