title: Endometrial cancer with congenital uterine anomalies: 3 case reports and a literature review.
abstract: Uterine malformation is a rare deformity in woman, and only a few cases concerning endometrial cancer arising in patients with congenital uterine anomalies have been reported. Herein, we present 3 cases of endometrial cancer with different congenital uterine anomalies, and review studies involving congenital uterine anomalies associated with endometrial cancer in the past 25 years, to identify similarities and differences in clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis between endometrial cancer associated with uterine anomalies, and normal uterus.
  
  
  
  Case 1 was a 75-year-old gravida 1, para 0, woman with carcinosarcoma (mixed well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated sarcoma) of the right cavity (grade III, and at least stage II ) of a uterus didelphys. The tumor recurred within 7 months after surgery, salvage radiotherapy was unsuccessful; the patient died 8 months after the surgery. Case 2 was a 63-year-old gravida 5, para 3, woman with a bicornuate uterus and uterus papillary serous carcinoma of the right horn (grade III, stage IIIC). She did not respond to the chemotherapy post surgery and died within 4 months. Case 3 was a 60-year-old gravida 0, para 0, woman with a complete septate uterus and an oblique vaginal septum of the upper region of the vagina with endometrioid adenocarchcinoma of the left cavity (grade II, stage IA). No adjuvant therapy was administered and the patient had recovered 2 y after the surgery.
  
  
  
  Clinicians should be aware of the coexistence of uterine malignancies and uterine anomalies in patients presenting with persistent abnormal uterine bleeding, but with negative endometrial biopsy or failed in the operation of endometrial biopsy. In such cases, magnetic resonance imaging has an important role in the diagnosis of both malformation and malignancy, and an exploratory laparotomy should be performed to avoid delaying the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Jinping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Jintian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Wenyan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Huiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Xuhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Yingmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Fengxia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000473:pathology*; D014599:Uterus / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Bicornuate uterus; carcinosarcoma; complete septate uterus; endometrial cancer; uterine didelphys; uterus papillary serous carcinoma