title: A chemical genetic roadmap to improved tomato flavor.
abstract: Modern commercial tomato varieties are substantially less flavorful than heirloom varieties. To understand and ultimately correct this deficiency, we quantified flavor-associated chemicals in 398 modern, heirloom, and wild accessions. A subset of these accessions was evaluated in consumer panels, identifying the chemicals that made the most important contributions to flavor and consumer liking. We found that modern commercial varieties contain significantly lower amounts of many of these important flavor chemicals than older varieties. Whole-genome sequencing and a genome-wide association study permitted identification of genetic loci that affect most of the target flavor chemicals, including sugars, acids, and volatiles. Together, these results provide an understanding of the flavor deficiencies in modern commercial varieties and the information necessary for the recovery of good flavor through molecular breeding.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 7, Pengfei Road, Dapeng District, Shenzhen 518124, China.|Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tieman
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 7, Pengfei Road, Dapeng District, Shenzhen 518124, China.|Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Guangtao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: RAPiD Genomics, 747 SW 2nd Avenue, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA.
authors.forename: Marcio F R
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 7, Pengfei Road, Dapeng District, Shenzhen 518124, China.|Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Cuong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bies
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València), València, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rambla
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València), València, Spain.
authors.forename: Kristty Stephanie Ortiz
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Beltran
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Zhongyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Itay
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zemach
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València), València, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monforte
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Dani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zamir
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València), València, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granell
authors.affiliation: School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Matias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirst
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 7, Pengfei Road, Dapeng District, Shenzhen 518124, China. huangsanwen@caas.cn hjklee@ufl.edu.|Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Sanwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 7, Pengfei Road, Dapeng District, Shenzhen 518124, China. huangsanwen@caas.cn hjklee@ufl.edu.|Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Klee
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000235:genetics; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D032621:DNA Shuffling; D056426:Genetic Loci; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D007659:Ketones / Q000737:chemistry; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D000069600:Plant Breeding; D013649:Taste; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D007659:Ketones; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; C029750:methylheptenone