title: Preparation and characterization of a chitosan/galactosylated hyaluronic acid/heparin scaffold for hepatic tissue engineering.
abstract: Cell culture microenvironment and hepatocyte-specific three-dimensional tissue-engineering scaffold play important roles for bioartificial liver devices. In the present study, highly porous sponge scaffolds composed of chitosan (CS) and galactosylated hyaluronic acid (GHA, galactose moieties were covalently coupled with hyaluronic acid through ethylenediamine), were prepared by freezing-drying technique. Because the growth factors specifically bind to heparin with a high affinity and biological stability of the growth factors are modulated by heparin. Heparin was added into CS/GHA scaffold under mild conditions. The effects of heparin on the morphology, structure, porosity, mechanical properties of the CS/GHA/heparin scaffold were studied. CS/GHA scaffold containing heparin maintains the porous structure and good mechanical properties. Furthermore, addition of heparin with the growth factors into the scaffold resulted in a significantly improved the microenvironment of cell growth and prolonged liver functions of the hepatocytes such as albumin secretion, urea synthesis and ammonia elimination. These results indicate that this CS/GHA/heparin scaffold is a potential candidate for liver tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Dezhou University , Dezhou , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: b The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005690:Galactose / Q000737:chemistry; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D016062:Porosity; D051381:Rats; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D006493:Heparin; D048271:Chitosan; D005690:Galactose
keywords: Chitosan; EGF; galactosylated hyaluronic acid; heparin; hepatocyte; scaffold