title: Increased expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in the population with obesity and insulin resistance.
abstract: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 has recently been recognized as one of the potent amplifiers of acute and chronic inflammation. However, the exact role of TREM-1 in regard to insulin insensitivity is unknown.
  
  
  
  mRNA transcripts and protein expression of TREM-1, TREM-2, and TREM-1/TREM-2 ratio were examined in the tissue biopsies (liver, omentum, and subcutaneous fat) and blood samples (neutrophils and monocytes) of subjects with obesity and diabetes (SO+D+; n = 15), subjects with obesity but not diabetes (SO+D-; n = 7), and subjects without obesity (BMI < 30) and diabetes (SO-D-; n = 5).
  
  
  
  The immunofluorescence and RT-PCR revealed significant increase in TREM-1, decrease in TREM-2, and increase in the TREM1/TREM2 ratio in SO+D+group compared with other groups. Overall, increased liver TREM-1 expression and soluble-TREM-1 were found in SO+D+group compared with SO+D-group (100% vs. 57.14%, r = 0.582; P = 0.023). TREM-1 was significantly increased in all subjects with obesity and those with HOMA-IR index of >2.
  
  
  
  TREM-1 was found to be significantly higher in tissues biopsies and blood of subjects with obesity. Greater expression and activity of TREM-1 suggest a possible role in the underlying pathophysiology of obesity and associated comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: Saravanan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramanian
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: Pradeep K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Pallati
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: Vikrant
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: Poonam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: Devendra K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.|Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: Kalyana C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Nandipati
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D009504:Neutrophils; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D009852:Omentum / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C408842:TREM1 protein, human; C498715:TREM2 protein, human; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1