title: Nanoparticle-mediated radiopharmaceutical-excited fluorescence molecular imaging allows precise image-guided tumor-removal surgery.
abstract: Fluorescent molecular imaging technique has been actively explored for optical image-guided cancer surgery in pre-clinical and clinical research and has attracted many attentions. However, the efficacy of the fluorescent image-guided cancer surgery can be compromised by the low signal-to-noise ratio caused by the external light excitation. This study presents a novel nanoparticle-mediated radiopharmaceutical-excited fluorescent (REF) image-guided cancer surgery strategy, which employs the internal dual-excitation of europium oxide nanoparticles through both gamma rays and Cerenkov luminescence emitted from radiopharmaceuticals. The performance of the novel image-guided surgery technique was systematically evaluated using subcutaneous breast cancer 4 T1 tumor models, orthotropic and orthotropic-ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma tumor-bearing mice. The results reveal that the novel REF image-guided cancer surgery technique exhibits high performance of detecting invisible ultra-small size tumor (even less than 1 mm) and residual tumor tissue. Our study demonstrates the high potential of the novel image-guided cancer surgery for precise tumor resection.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zhenhua.hu@ia.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chongwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Muhan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zeyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chaoting
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jinzuo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: tian@ieee.org.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China. Electronic address: yangwd1971@163.com.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urinary Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. Electronic address: xuwanhai@163.com.
authors.forename: Wanhai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D051379:Mice; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000737:chemistry*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
keywords: Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI); Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); Positron emitting tomography (PET); Radionuclides; Radiopharmaceutical-excited fluorescence imaging (REFI)