title: Structural and physiological neurovascular changes in idiopathic Parkinson's disease and its clinical phenotypes.
abstract: Neurovascular changes are likely to interact importantly with the neurodegenerative process in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Markers of neurovascular status (NVS) include white matter lesion (WML) burden and arterial spin labelling (ASL) measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial arrival time (AAT). We investigated NVS in IPD, including an analysis of IPD clinical phenotypes, by comparison with two control groups, one with a history of clinical cerebrovascular disease (CVD) (control positive, CP) and one without CVD (control negative, CN). Fifty-one patients with IPD (mean age 69.0 ± 7.7 years) (21 tremor dominant (TD), 24 postural instability and gait disorder (PIGD) and six intermediates), 18 CP (mean age 70.1 ± 8.0 years) and 34 CN subjects (mean age 67.4 ± 7.6 years) completed a 3T MRI scan protocol including T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and ASL. IPD patients showed diffuse regions of significantly prolonged AAT, small regions of lower CBF and greater WML burden by comparison with CN subjects. TD patients showed lower WML volume by comparison with PIGD patients. These imaging data thus show altered NVS in IPD, with some evidence for IPD phenotype-specific differences.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Neurology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.|2 Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.|3 Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Bachari
authors.affiliation: 2 Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.|4 Anatomy and Neuroscience Department, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.|5 Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Rishma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vidyasagar
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Neurology, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, UK.|7 Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Hedley Ca
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Emsley
authors.affiliation: 2 Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.|8 Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Parkes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069336:Neurovascular Coupling; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010641:Phenotype; D013113:Spin Labels; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels
keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging; Parkinson’s disease; arterial spin labelling; cerebral blood flow; cerebrovascular disease