title: Programmed cell death as a defence against infection.
abstract: Eukaryotic cells can die from physical trauma, which results in necrosis. Alternatively, they can die through programmed cell death upon the stimulation of specific signalling pathways. In this Review, we discuss the role of different cell death pathways in innate immune defence against bacterial and viral infection: apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and NETosis. We describe the interactions that interweave different programmed cell death pathways, which create complex signalling networks that cross-guard each other in the evolutionary 'arms race' with pathogens. Finally, we describe how the resulting cell corpses - apoptotic bodies, pore-induced intracellular traps (PITs) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) - promote the clearance of infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, Rikshospitalet 0372, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ine
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jorgensen
authors.affiliation: Camargo Pharmaceutical Services, 2505 Meridian Parkway, Suite 175, Durham, North Carolina 27713, USA.
authors.forename: Manira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rayamajhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Miao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D007239:Infections / Q000276:immunology*