title: Plant-derived pectin nanocoatings to prevent inflammatory cellular response of osteoblasts followingPorphyromonas gingivalisinfection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bioengineered plant-derived Rhamnogalacturonan-Is (RG-Is) from pectins are potential candidates for surface nanocoating of medical devices. It has recently been reported that RG-I nanocoatings may prevent bacterial infection and improve the biocompatibility of implants. The aim of the study was to evaluate in vitro impact of bioengineered RG-I nanocoatings on osteogenic capacity and proinflammatory cytokine response of murine osteoblasts followingPorphyromonas gingivalisinfection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Murine MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and isolated primary calvarial osteoblasts from C57BL/6J (B6J osteoblasts) mice were infected withP. gingivalisand incubated on tissue culture polystyrene plates with or without nanocoatings of unmodified RG-Is isolated from potato pulps (PU) or dearabinanated RG-Is (PA). To investigate a behavior of infected osteoblasts cultured on RG-Is cell morphology, proliferation, metabolic activity, mineralization and osteogenic and pro-inflammatory gene expression were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FollowingP. gingivalisinfection, PA, but not PU, significantly promoted MC3T3-E1 and BJ6 osteoblasts proliferation, metabolic activity, and calcium deposition. Moreover,Il-1b,Il-6,TNF-α, andRanklgene expressions were downregulated in cells cultured on PU and to a higher extent on PA as compared to the corresponding control, whereasRunx,Alpl,Col1a1, andBglapgene expressions were upregulated vice versa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data clearly showed that pectin RG-Is nanocoating with high content of galactan (PA) reduces the osteoblastic response toP. gingivalisinfection in vitro and may, therefore, reduce a risk of inflammation especially in immunocompromised patients with rheumatoid or periodontal disorders.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Power and Environmental, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meresta
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Power and Environmental, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Folkert
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology.
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gaber
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Power and Environmental, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.
authors.forename: Korneliusz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miksch
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Buttgereit
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Detert
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pischon
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Oral Surgery Department, The School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gurzawska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D010368:Pectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D010368:Pectins
keywords: Porphyromonas gingivalis; Rhamnogalacturonan-I; inflammation; nanocoatings; osteoblasts