title: Phenotypical characterization of peanut allergic children with differences in cross-allergy to tree nuts and other legumes.
abstract: Peanut allergy in children is often associated with allergies to tree nuts and/or legumes. The aim of this study was to analyze in cluster a cohort of children allergic to peanuts and assessed for cross-reactivity to nuts and legumes and to identify different phenotypes.
  
  
  
  We included retrospectively 317 children with peanut allergy evaluated at the Allergy Unit of the Saint Vincent Hospital of Lille in the last 12 years. A complete workup for peanut allergy and nuts and legumes was carried out for each patient. A hierarchical agglomerative clustering method was used to search for clusters of individuals in the evaluated cohort.
  
  
  
  Cross-allergy to TN and/or other legumes was identified in 137 patients (43.2%), atopic dermatitis being a major risk factor (adjusted OR = 16 [95% CI: 7.4-37]; p < 0.001). Three phenotypes emerged from cluster analysis. Cluster 1 (72 patients) is characterized by high level of rAra h 2, low threshold reactive doses for peanut and high proportion of asthma; Cluster 2 (93 patients) is characterized by high threshold reactive doses for peanut and the lowest proportion of cross-allergy to TN and/or legumes; Cluster 3 (152 patients) has a high risk of cross-allergy to TN and/or legumes and most patients suffer from eczema.
  
  
  
  The three phenotypes highlighted by this study could be useful to identify children with high risk of cross-allergic reaction to TNs and legumes early after PA diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Allergologie et d'Education Thérapeutique, Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Lille Cedex, France.|Unité d'allergologie, Département de Pneumologie et Addictologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0508-9476
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cousin
authors.affiliation: Departement of Medical Research, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille Hôpital Saint Philibert, Lomme Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verdun
authors.affiliation: Service d'Allergologie et d'Education Thérapeutique, Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Lille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seynave
authors.affiliation: Service d'Allergologie et d'Education Thérapeutique, Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Lille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Christine
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Vilain
authors.affiliation: Departement of Medical Research, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille Hôpital Saint Philibert, Lomme Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lansiaux
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire CH St Philibert, Université Nord de France, Lomme Cedex, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Decoster
authors.affiliation: Service d'Allergologie et d'Education Thérapeutique, Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Lille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sauvage
mesh_terms: D010367:Arachis / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003429:Cross Reactions / Q000276:immunology*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000074924:Nut and Peanut Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D009754:Nuts / Q000276:immunology*; D010641:Phenotype; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012882:Skin Tests
keywords: children; cluster analysis; cross-allergy; legumes; peanut allergy; tree nuts