title: Valley splitting in the transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayer via atom adsorption.
abstract: In this letter we study the valley degeneracy splitting of the transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayer by first-principles calculations. The local magnetic moments are introduced into the system when the transition-metal atoms are adsorbed on the monolayer surface. The Zeeman effect arising from the local magnetic moment at transition-metal atom sites lifts the valley degeneracy. Anomalous charge, spin and valley Hall effects can be accessed due to valley splitting when we can only excite carriers of one valley. The valley splitting depends on the direction of magnetization and thus can be tuned continuously by an external magnetic field. This tunable valley splitting offers a practical avenue for exploring device paradigms based on the spin and valley degrees of freedom.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China. qijingshan@jsnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China. qijingshan@jsnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Liangshuai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. lixiao150@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9121-7883
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China. qijingshan@jsnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jingshan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi