title: Microbial Biotreatment of Actual Textile Wastewater in a Continuous Sequential Rice Husk Biofilter and the Microbial Community Involved.
abstract: Textile dying processes often pollute wastewater with recalcitrant azo and anthraquinone dyes. Yet, there is little development of effective and affordable degradation systems for textile wastewater applicable in countries where water technologies remain poor. We determined biodegradation of actual textile wastewater in biofilters containing rice husks by spectrophotometry and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The indigenous microflora from the rice husks consistently performed >90% decolorization at a hydraulic retention time of 67 h. Analysis of microbial community composition of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene fragments in the biofilters revealed a bacterial consortium known to carry azoreductase genes, such as Dysgonomonas, and Pseudomonas and the presence of fungal phylotypes such as Gibberella and Fusarium. Our findings emphasize that rice husk biofilters support a microbial community of both bacteria and fungi with key features for biodegradation of actual textile wastewater. These results suggest that microbial processes can substantially contribute to efficient and reliable degradation of actual textile wastewater. Thus, development of biodegradation systems holds promise for application of affordable wastewater treatment in polluted environments.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, Linnæus University, Växjö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jörgen
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-1446
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Forss
authors.affiliation: Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems, Linnæus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
authors.forename: Markus V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lindh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems, Linnæus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jarone
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinhassi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, Linnæus University, Växjö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulrika
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Welander
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003116:Color; D007220:Industrial Waste; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013783:Textile Industry; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical