title: Elevated adiabatic T1ρand T2ρin articular cartilage are associated with cartilage and bone lesions in early osteoarthritis: A preliminary study.
abstract: To evaluate adiabatic T1ρand T2ρof articular cartilage in symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) patients and asymptomatic volunteers, and to determine their association with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based structural abnormalities in cartilage and bone.
  
  
  
  A total of 24 subjects (age range: 50-68 years; 12 female) were enrolled, including 12 early OA patients and 12 volunteers with normal joint function. Patients and volunteers underwent 3T MRI. T2, adiabatic T1ρ, and T2ρrelaxation times of knee articular cartilage were measured. Proton density (PD)- and T1-weighted MR image series were also obtained and separately evaluated for morphological changes using the MRI OA Knee Scoring (MOAKS) system. Comparisons using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test were performed after dividing the study participants according to physical symptoms as determined by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score or presence of cartilage lesions, bone marrow lesions, or osteophytes.
  
  
  
  Elevated adiabatic T1ρand T2ρrelaxation times of articular cartilage were associated with cartilage loss (P = 0.024-0.047), physical symptoms (0.0068-0.035), and osteophytes (0.0039-0.027). Elevated adiabatic T1ρwas also associated with bone marrow lesions (0.033).
  
  
  
  Preliminary data suggest that elevated adiabatic T1ρand T2ρof cartilage are associated with morphological abnormalities of cartilage and bone, and thus may be applicable for in vivo OA research and diagnostics.
  
  
  
  2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:678-689.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Casula
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.|Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Mikko J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Nissi
authors.affiliation: Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Podlipská
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haapea
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Mikkeli Central Hospital, Mikkeli, Finland.
authors.forename: Juhani M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Koski
authors.affiliation: Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Simo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saarakkala
authors.affiliation: Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guermazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Eveliina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lammentausta
authors.affiliation: Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Miika T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Nieminen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: #T2ρ; #spin-lock; T1ρ; articular cartilage; in vivo; relaxation