title: Structural and biological characteristics of different forms ofV. filiformislipid A: use of MS to highlight structural discrepancies.
abstract: Vitreoscilla filiformisis a Gram-negative bacterium isolated from spa waters and described for its beneficial effects on the skin. We characterized the detailed structure of its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) lipid A moiety, an active component of the bacterium that contributes to the observed skin activation properties. Two different batches differing in postculture cell recovery were tested. Chemical analyses and mass spectra, obtained before and after mild-alkali treatments, revealed that these lipids A share the common bisphosphorylated β-(1→6)-linked d-glucosamine disaccharide with hydroxydecanoic acid in an amide linkage. Short-chain FAs, hydroxydecanoic and dodecanoic acid, were found in a 2:1 ratio. The two lipid A structures differed by the relative amount of the hexa-acyl molecular species and phosphoethanolamine substitution of the phosphate groups. The twoV. filiformisLPS batches induced variable interleukin-6 and TNF-α secretion by stimulated myelomonocytic THP-1 cells, without any difference in reactive oxygen species production or activation of caspase 3/7. Other different well-known highly purified LPS samples were characterized structurally and used as standards. The structural data obtained in this work explain the low inflammatory response observed forV. filiformisLPS and the previously demonstrated beneficial effects on the skin.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.|LPS-BioSciences, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Aude
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Breton
authors.affiliation: LPS-BioSciences, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Novikov
authors.affiliation: L'Oréal, Centre de Recherches Biotechnologiques, 37390 Tours, France.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.|Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tissieres
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France martine.caroff@u-psud.fr.|LPS-BioSciences, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caroff
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008050:Lipid A / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D020589:Vitreoscilla / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004187:Disaccharides; D004983:Ethanolamines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008050:Lipid A; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C005448:phosphorylethanolamine
keywords: V. filiformis; cytokines; lipid biochemistry; lipopolysaccharide; mass spectrometry; skin; toll-like receptor