title: Evolution and Expression Patterns ofTCPGenes in Asparagales.
abstract: CYCLOIDEA-likegenes are involved in the symmetry gene network, limiting cell proliferation in the dorsal regions of bilateral flowers in core eudicots.CYC-likeand closely relatedTCPgenes (acronym forTEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, andPROLIFERATION CELL FACTOR) have been poorly studied in Asparagales, the largest order of monocots that includes both bilateral flowers in Orchidaceae (ca. 25.000 spp) and radially symmetrical flowers in Hypoxidaceae (ca. 200 spp). With the aim of assessingTCPgene evolution in the Asparagales, we isolatedTCP-likegenes from publicly available databases and our own transcriptomes ofCattleya trianae(Orchidaceae) andHypoxis decumbens(Hypoxidaceae). Our matrix contains 452 sequences representing the three major clades ofTCPgenes. Besides the previously identifiedCYCspecific core eudicot duplications, our ML phylogenetic analyses recovered an earlyCIN-likeduplication predating all angiosperms, twoCIN-likeAsparagales-specific duplications and a duplication prior to the diversification of Orchidoideae and Epidendroideae. In addition, we provide evidence of at least three duplications ofPCF-likegenes in Asparagales. WhileCIN-likeandPCF-likegenes have multiplied in Asparagales, likely enhancing the genetic network for cell proliferation,CYC-likegenes remain as single, shorter copies with low expression. Homogeneous expression ofCYC-likegenes in the labellum as well as the lateral petals suggests little contribution to the bilateral perianth inC. trianae.CIN-likeandPCF-likegene expression suggests conserved roles in cell proliferation in leaves, sepals and petals, carpels, ovules and fruits in Asparagales by comparison with previously reported functions in core eudicots and monocots. This is the first large scale analysis ofTCP-likegenes in Asparagales that will serve as a platform for in-depth functional studies in emerging model monocots.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Yesenia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Madrigal
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Secuenciación Genómica, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Juan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Alzate
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pabón-Mora
keywords: CINCINNATA; CYCLOIDEA; Cattleya trianae; Hypoxidaceae; Hypoxis decumbens; Orchidaceae; PROLIFERATION CELL FACTOR; floral symmetry