title: Comparison of Microleakage and Penetration Depth between Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Sealants in Primary Second Molar.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optimal pit and fissure sealing is determined by surface preparation techniques and choice of materials. The performance of pit and fissure sealant materials has been intensively investigated, yet no single product is reported as an ideal sealant. In children, moisture control during cavity preparation is always a big challenge, and hence, hydrophilic sealants have been developed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the microleakage and penetration depth of hydrophilic and hydrophobic sealants using acid-etching on dry and moist surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recently, extracted 28 2nd primary molars are assigned to two groups (hydrophobic group I; hydrophilic group II) depending on the surface condition (dry group: A1 and B1; moist group: A2 and B2) of 7 teeth in each group. Samples from group A1 and B1 are cleaned and dried with a 3-way syringe and etched with etching gel, and sealant is applied to the fissures and cured with visible light. Sample from A2 and B2 are immersed in 0.1 mL of fresh whole human saliva for 20 seconds and dried using a pellet cotton, and the same procedure is carried out. All samples are subjected to 1000 thermal cycles and sectioned to compare the depth of penetration and microleakage. Sections will be examined under light microscope and analyzed using an image analysis software (SigmaScan).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The least microleakage was seen with hydrophilic sealant under moist surface condition, and the depth of penetration of hydrophobic sealant was found to be better than that of hydrophilic sealant in both dry and moist surface conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants showed higher tolerance to saliva contamination with less microleakage, but in terms of penetration ability hydrophobic sealants were found to be superior.
  Gawali PN, Chaugule VB, Panse AM. Comparison of Microleakage and Penetration Depth between Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Sealants in Primary Second Molar. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(4):291-295.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Pritesh N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Gawali
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Vishwas B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Chaugule
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Amey M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Panse
keywords: Fissure sealant; Microleakage; Penetration depth.