title: Twente spine model: A complete and coherent dataset for musculo-skeletal modeling of the lumbar region of the human spine.
abstract: Musculo-skeletal modeling can greatly help in understanding normal and pathological functioning of the spine. For such models to produce reliable muscle and joint force estimations, an adequate set of musculo-skeletal data is necessary. In this study, we present a complete and coherent dataset for the lumbar spine, based on medical images and dissection measurements from one embalmed human cadaver. We divided muscles into muscle-tendon elements, digitized their attachments at the bones and measured morphological parameters. In total, we measured 11 muscles from one body side, using 96 elements. For every muscle element, we measured three-dimensional coordinates of its attachments, fiber length, tendon length, sarcomere length, optimal fiber length, pennation angle, mass, and physiological cross-sectional area together with the geometry of the lumbar spine. Results were consistent with other anatomical studies and included new data for the serratus posterior inferior muscle. The dataset presented in this paper enables a complete and coherent musculo-skeletal model for the lumbar spine and will improve the current state-of-the art in predicting spinal loading.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.bayoglu@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Riza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bayoglu
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Anatomy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geeraedts
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Karlijn H J
authors.initials: KHJ
authors.lastname: Groenen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Verdonschot
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koopman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jasper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Homminga
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002102:Cadaver; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009132:Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Cadaver; Lumbar spine; Muscles; Musculo-skeletal model; Sarcomere length