title: Gastrointestinal diseases and their oro-dental manifestations: Part 3: Coeliac disease.
abstract: Coeliac disease is a chronic autoimmune-mediated enteropathy, caused by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals that affects approximately 0.5-1% of the western population. Despite increased awareness of the disease, the majority of patients still remain undiagnosed. Disease frequently manifests in early childhood, but a significant proportion of patients are nowadays diagnosed above the age of 50. Timely diagnosis is important in order to start a gluten-free diet and prevent complications. Symptoms of coeliac disease vary widely and are certainly not restricted to the intestine. They may include, among others, dental and oral manifestations. Most of them are nonspecific but symmetric enamel defects are very specific to coeliac disease. It is important to recognise this relationship since it may help to identify unrecognised patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Gils
authors.affiliation: Departments of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: N K H
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: de Boer
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C J J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bouma
mesh_terms: D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*