title: Higher Sensitivity and Earlier Identification of Celiac Disease Autoimmunity by a Nonradioactive Assay for Transglutaminase Autoantibodies.
abstract: Higher sensitive transglutaminase autoantibody (TGA) assay will detect the onset of celiac disease (CD) autoimmunity earlier. In developing a nonradioactive assay for TGA, we utilized electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technology and compared it to a high-performance radioimmunoassay (RIA) currently being used to screen patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and genetically at-risk individuals for CD. We selected 183 T1D patients with 60 patients having received biopsy and analyzed 396 sequential samples from 73 young children longitudinally followed up with TGA seroconversion, with 27 undergoing biopsy. In addition, 112 age-matched healthy control subjects were included in the study. With the 99th percentile of specificity, the ECL assay detected significantly more TGA positivity among patients with T1D (133/183) than RIA (114/183) and more of the sequential samples (34%) from 73 children than RIA (18%). The TGA assay performed by ECL was positive in all 59 subjects with villous atrophy. Among 73 longitudinally followed up children, ECL assay had earlier detection of TGA on 34 children by a mean of 2.5 years. In conclusion, the new TGA assay by ECL has a higher sensitivity than the current RIA assay and may better predict the onset of CD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Waugh
authors.affiliation: Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Taki
authors.affiliation: Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Fran
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado Children's Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Edwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3829-9207
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rewers
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6012-5305
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0664-2154
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology; D001706:Biopsy; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D011503:Transglutaminases