title: AlphaB-crystallin regulates remyelination after peripheral nerve injury.
abstract: AlphaB-crystallin (αBC) is a small heat shock protein that is constitutively expressed by peripheral nervous system (PNS) axons and Schwann cells. To determine what role this crystallin plays after peripheral nerve damage, we found that loss of αBC impaired remyelination, which correlated with a reduced presence of myelinating Schwann cells and increased numbers of nonmyelinating Schwann cells. The heat shock protein also seems to regulate the cross-talk between Schwann cells and axons, because expected changes in neuregulin levels and ErbB2 receptor expression after PNS injury were disrupted in the absence of αBC. Such dysregulations led to defects in conduction velocity and motor and sensory functions that could be rescued with therapeutic application of the heat shock protein in vivo. Altogether, these findings show that αBC plays an important role in regulating Wallerian degeneration and remyelination after PNS injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Erin-Mai F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720.
authors.forename: Stan T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hoghooghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Shane E A
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Eaton
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Alexandra L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Ariana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frederick
authors.affiliation: Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Jo A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stratton
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Morgan G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Stykel
authors.affiliation: Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1234-5415
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Whelan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2B7.
authors.forename: Douglas W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Zochodne
authors.affiliation: Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biernaskie
authors.affiliation: Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1; sousman@ucalgary.ca.|Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.|Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Shalina S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ousman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017933:Peripheral Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000074586:Remyelination / Q000502:physiology*; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000502:physiology; D038203:alpha-Crystallin B Chain / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D038203:alpha-Crystallin B Chain
keywords: Schwann cells; Wallerian degeneration; alphaB-crystallin; peripheral nerve injury; remyelination