title: The green microalga Tetraselmis suecica reduces oxidative stress and induces repairing mechanisms in human cells.
abstract: Green microalgae contain many active pigments such as carotenoids having antioxidant and protective activity on human cells. Here we investigate the biological activity of an ethanol/water extract of the marine green microalga Tetraselmis suecica containing high levels of carotenoids such as the xanthophylls lutein, violaxanthin, neoxanthin, antheraxanthin and loroxanthin esters. This extract has a strong antioxidant and repairing activity in the human lung cancer cell line (A549) as shown by the increased expression of dehydrocholesterol reductase-24 (DHCR24) and prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) genes and proteins. The extract also reduces prostaglandin E2(PGE2) levels in cells damaged by H2O2and has tissue repairing effects on reconstructed human epidermal tissue cells (EpiDermTM) indicating a potential cosmeceutical activity of this microalgal species.
authors.affiliation: Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy.
authors.forename: Clementina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sansone
authors.affiliation: Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy.|University of Naples "Federico II", Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Via Federico Delpino 1, Naples 80137, Italy.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galasso
authors.affiliation: Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy.
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Orefice
authors.affiliation: Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples 80078, Italy.
authors.forename: Genoveffa
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nuzzo
authors.affiliation: Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples 80078, Italy.
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luongo
authors.affiliation: Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples 80078, Italy.
authors.forename: Adele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cutignano
authors.affiliation: Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.affiliation: Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brunet
authors.affiliation: Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples 80078, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.affiliation: Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.affiliation: Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy.
authors.forename: Adrianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ianora
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D002338:Carotenoids; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide