title: Bacillus subtilis biofilm extends Caenorhabditis elegans longevity through downregulation of the insulin-like signalling pathway.
abstract: Beneficial bacteria have been shown to affect host longevity, but the molecular mechanisms mediating such effects remain largely unclear. Here we show that formation of Bacillus subtilis biofilms increases Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan. Biofilm-proficient B. subtilis colonizes the C. elegans gut and extends worm lifespan more than biofilm-deficient isogenic strains. Two molecules produced by B. subtilis - the quorum-sensing pentapeptide CSF and nitric oxide (NO) - are sufficient to extend C. elegans longevity. When B. subtilis is cultured under biofilm-supporting conditions, the synthesis of NO and CSF is increased in comparison with their production under planktonic growth conditions. We further show that the prolongevity effect of B. subtilis biofilms depends on the DAF-2/DAF-16/HSF-1 signalling axis and the downregulation of the insulin-like signalling (ILS) pathway.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Donato
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
authors.forename: Facundo Rodríguez
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Ayala
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
authors.forename: Sebastián
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cogliati
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
authors.forename: Juan Gabriel
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leñini
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000502:physiology*; D018441:Biofilms; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000502:physiology*; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008136:Longevity / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D007328:Insulin; D014157:Transcription Factors; C108831:daf-16 protein, C elegans; C474710:heat shock factor-1, C elegans; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C107483:DAF-2 protein, C elegans; D011972:Receptor, Insulin