title: Prediction of Changes in Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity Function by Tissue Redness after Pterygium Surgery.
abstract: The goal of this study was to predict visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity function (CSF) with tissue redness grading after pterygium surgery.
  
  
  
  A total of 67 primary pterygium participants were selected from patients who visited an ophthalmology clinic. We developed a semi-automated computer program to measure the pterygium fibrovascular redness from digital pterygium images. The final outcome of this software is a continuous scale grading of 1 (minimum redness) to 3 (maximum redness). The region of interest (ROI) was selected manually using the software. Reliability was determined by repeat grading of all 67 images, and its association with CSF and VA was examined.
  
  
  
  The mean and standard deviation of redness of the pterygium fibrovascular images was 1.88 ± 0.55. Intra-grader and inter-grader reliability estimates were high with intraclass correlation ranging from 0.97 to 0.98. The new grading was positively associated with CSF (p < 0.01) and VA (p < 0.01). The redness grading was able to predict 25% and 23% of the variance in the CSF and the VA, respectively.
  
  
  
  The new grading of pterygium fibrovascular redness can be reliably measured from digital images and showed a good correlation with CSF and VA. The redness grading can be used in addition to the existing pterygium grading.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Optometry and Visual Science , Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Kuantan , Pahang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Radzi
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hilmi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Optometry and Visual Science , Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Kuantan , Pahang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Zulfaezal
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Che Azemin
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology , Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Kuantan , Pahang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Khairidzan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohd Kamal
authors.affiliation: c Kulliyyah of Information and Communication Technology , International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Gombak , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Izzuddin
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Mohd Tamrin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Optometry and Visual Science , Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Kuantan , Pahang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Norfazrina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdul Gaffur
authors.affiliation: d Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Defence Science and Technology , National Defence University of Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Tengku Mohd
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Tengku Sembok
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000473:pathology*; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011625:Pterygium / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Contrast sensitivity; grading; pterygium; redness; visual acuity