title: Expression of phospholipase C isozymes in human breast cancer and their clinical significance.
abstract: Phospholipase C (PLC) regulates a number of cellular behaviours including cell motility, cell transformation, differentiation and cell growth. PLC plays a regulatory role in cancer cells partly by acting as signalling intermediates for cytokines such as EGF and interleukins. The current study examined the expression of the PLC isozymes in human breast cancer and corresponding clinical relevance. Transcript levels of human PLC-α, -β1, -δ, -ε, and -γ1 in human breast cancer tissues were quantitatively determined by real-time PCR. Immunochemical staining was performed for PLC-δ. The clinical relevance was analysed with clinic pathological information. Mammary tissues widely expressed PLC-α, -β1, -δ, -ε, and -γ1. Significantly high levels of PLC -β1 and -ε were seen in breast cancer tissues in comparison with normal mammary gland tissues. PLC-γ1 however, showed marginally low levels in tumour tissues. No significant difference was seen in the expression of the PLC isozymes in tumours with lymph node metastases. Moderately and poorly differentiated breast tumours (grade 2 and grade 3) had significantly higher levels of PLC-γ1, compared with well differentiated tumours. High levels of PLC-δ were significantly correlated with a shorter disease-free survival. The altered expression of other isozymes had no correlation with the survival. It is concluded that mammary tissues differentially expressed PLC isozymes. These isozymes have certain implications in the disease development and progression, with PLC-δ showing a significant correlation with shorter disease-free survival.
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Ping-Hui
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Jeyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Resaul
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Lucy K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Satherley
authors.affiliation: Cardiff Breast Centre, University Hospital Llandough, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff CF64 2XX, UK.
authors.forename: Eleri L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ruge
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Douglas-Jones
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Wen G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007527:Isoenzymes; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054799:Phospholipase C beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054803:Phospholipase C delta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015996:Survival Rate; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; D054799:Phospholipase C beta; D054803:Phospholipase C delta; C423320:phospholipase C epsilon; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma