title: Reversed-phase single drop microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for the quantification of synthetic phenolic antioxidants in edible oil samples.
abstract: The reversed-phase mode of single drop microextraction has been used as a preparation method for the extraction of some phenolic antioxidants from edible oil samples. Butylated hydroxyl anisole, tert-butylhydroquinone and butylated hydroxytoluene were employed as target compounds for this study. High-performance liquid chromatography followed by fluorescence detection was applied for final determination of target compounds. The most interesting feature of this study is the application of a disposable insulin syringe with some modification for microextraction procedure that efficiently improved the volume and stability of the solvent microdrop. Different parameters such as the type and volume of solvent, sample stirring rate, extraction temperature, and time were investigated and optimized. Analytical performances of the method were evaluated under optimized conditions. Under the optimal conditions, relative standard deviations were between 4.4 and 10.2%. Linear dynamic ranges were 20-10 000 to 2-1000 μg/g (depending on the analytes). Detection limits were 5-670 ng/g. Finally, the proposed method was successfully used for quantification of the antioxidants in some edible oil samples prepared from market. Relative recoveries were achieved from 88 to 111%. The proposed method had a simplicity of operation, low cost, and successful application for real samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Bahman
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Farajmand
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esteki
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koohpour
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salmani
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis; D005223:Fats / Q000737:chemistry*; D005453:Fluorescence; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D012997:Solvents
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005223:Fats; D010636:Phenols; D012997:Solvents
keywords: edible oil; fluorescence detection; reversed phase; single drop microextraction; synthetic phenolic antioxidants