title: Imported cystic echinococcosis in western Spain: a retrospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In Spain, 12% of the population are immigrants. The impact of immigration in Spain on cystic echinococcosis (CE) is unknown. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of CE in immigrants in western Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  First, a retrospective descriptive study of patients diagnosed with CE in the University Hospital of Salamanca (CAUSA) between January 1998 and December 2014 was designed. Second, we studied the seroprevalence of CE in sera from foreigners who received treatment in the Tropical Medicine Unit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 550 patients with new CE-related diagnoses were registered; of these, 16 (2.9%) were immigrants, of whom 10 (63%) were male. The age (mean±SD) was 34.6±12.8 years. The incidence rate of CE in immigrants was 8.76 cases per 105 person-years. Eight (50%) cases presented asymptomatically. Seroprevalence of CE in foreign patients was 2.3%. It was higher in North African population (4.2%), followed by sub-Saharan (2.4%) and Latin American (1.8%) (p=0.592) populations. The seroprevalence was higher in those who arrived recently (<12 months) vs those who arrived earlier (≥12 months), 3.5% vs 1.3% (p=0.077).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of CE in immigrants are different than those of the native population, and their influence on CE burden in our endemic area is still limited.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (CAUSA), Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romero-Alegria
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Servicio de Medicina Interna, Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas, CAUSA, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Moncef
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belhassen-García
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alonso-Sardón
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (CAUSA), Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Velasco-Tirado
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (CAUSA), Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez-Bernus
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (CAUSA), Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Adela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carpio-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Servicio de Microbiología, CAUSA, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain. Grupo de Investigacion Reconocido MICRAPE, Departamento de Ciencias Biomedicas y del Diagnostico, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Luis Muñoz
authors.initials: JLM
authors.lastname: Bellido
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Laboratorio de Inmunología Parasitaria y Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), CAUSA, Hospital Virgen de la Vega 10° planta, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Farmacia, Area de Parasitología, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.|Servicio de Medicina Interna, Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas, CAUSA, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cordero
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General de Palencia "Río Carrión", C/ Donantes de Sangre s/n, 34005, Palencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pardo-Lledias
mesh_terms: D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Cystic Echinococcosis; Echinococcus granulosus; Hydatidosis; Immigrants; Re-emergence; Spain