title: Metal uptake, oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in gills and hepatopancreas of Callinectes amnicola exposed to industrial effluent.
abstract: Metal uptake by biota due to elevated environmental concentrations elicits oxidative stress and could lead to pathological outcomes. The relationship between the histopathological profile of hepatopancreas and gills and altered biochemical features (antioxidant enzymes i.e. GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and serum protein) in the blue crab, Callinectes amnicola from contaminated parts of the Lagos Lagoon was investigated. Monthly crab, sediment and surface water samples were taken from effluent receiving areas of the Lagos lagoon i.e. Makoko, Okobaba, Iddo, Ikoyi and Mid-lagoon (control site) over an 18-month period and analyzed for metal levels (Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu). Significantly higher levels of GPx and lower levels of Pb, Zn and Cu was recorded in gills and hepatopancreas of crabs from the mid-lagoon compared to crabs from other sites. Reaction patterns of gills across the different sites of the lagoon included regressive (ranging from epithelial lifting, disruption of pilaster cells, detached cuticle to focal necrosis) and circulatory disruptions (oedema); increased activity of GSH and GPx in gills were positively correlated with lesions of lower importance factor. Reaction patterns in hepatopancreas were more regressive including vacuolation/infiltration of fatty lobules, necrosis, granuloma, disintegrated lumen, atrophied tubules and loss of lobular hepatocyte structure; increased activity of GSH, GPx and CAT were positively correlated with lesions of low importance factor in the hepatopancreas. Findings show that lesions in both gills and hepatopancreas of the blue crab could be associated with uptake of metals, depleted antioxidant activity and incidence of lipid peroxidation in tissue.
authors.affiliation: Fisheries Resource Department, Marine Biology Section, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR), Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Fisayo C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Jerome
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Research unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adesola
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ganiat O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Omoniyi-Esan
authors.affiliation: Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Oluwole O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Odujoko
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Quality Control (EQC), Conservation Unit, National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Osogbo, Nigeria. Electronic address: zubbydoo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Azubuike Victor
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Chukwuka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003386:Brachyura / Q000378:metabolism*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005880:Gills / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009549:Nigeria; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D062065:Wastewater; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D002374:Catalase; D003300:Copper; D005978:Glutathione; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007854:Lead; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D062065:Wastewater; D014867:Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Callinectes amnicola; Gills; Hepatopancreas; Lagos Lagoon; Metals; Oxidative stress