title: An overview of osteoporosis and frailty in the elderly.
abstract: Osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures remain significant public health challenges worldwide. Recently the concept of frailty in relation to osteoporosis in the elderly has been increasingly accepted, with emerging studies measuring frailty as a predictor of osteoporotic fractures. In this overview, we reviewed the relationship between frailty and osteoporosis, described the approaches to measuring the grades of frailty, and presented current studies and future research directions investigating osteoporosis and frailty in the elderly. It is concluded that measuring the grades of frailty in the elderly could assist in the assessment, management and decision-making for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures at a clinical research level and at a health care policy level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada. lig28@mcmaster.ca.|St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, 25 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 1Y2, Canada. lig28@mcmaster.ca.|Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health, Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, Hamilton, ON, L8N 1Y3, Canada. lig28@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Guowei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.|St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, 25 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 1Y2, Canada.
authors.forename: Lehana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thabane
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papaioannou
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.|St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, 25 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 1Y2, Canada.|Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health, Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, Hamilton, ON, L8N 1Y3, Canada.
authors.forename: Mitchell A H
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.affiliation: St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, 25 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 1Y2, Canada. jd.adachi@sympatico.ca.|Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada. jd.adachi@sympatico.ca.|St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, 25 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 1Y2, Canada. jd.adachi@sympatico.ca.
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Adachi
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D000066491:Clinical Decision-Making; D016330:Frail Elderly; D000073496:Frailty / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications*; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000209:etiology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Ageing; Frailty; Geriatrics; Osteoporosis; Osteoporotic fractures