title: Associations Between Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome Over Time: The Healthy Twin Study.
abstract: We evaluated the association between changes in adiposity traits including anthropometric and fat mass indicators and changes in metabolic syndrome traits including metabolic syndrome clustering and individual components over time. We also assessed the shared genetic and environmental correlations between the two traits.
  
  
  
  Participants were 284 South Korean twin individuals and 279 nontwin family members had complete data for changes in adiposity traits and metabolic syndrome traits of the Healthy Twin study. Mixed linear model and bivariate variance-component analysis were applied.
  
  
  
  Over a period of 3.1 ± 0.6 years of study, changes in adiposity traits [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, total fat mass, and fat mass to lean mass ratio] had significant associations with changes in metabolic syndrome clustering [high blood pressure, high serum glucose, high triglycerides (TG), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol] after adjusting for intra-familial and sibling correlations, age, sex, baseline metabolic syndrome clustering, and socioeconomic factors and health behaviors at follow-up. Change in BMI associated significantly with changes in individual metabolic syndrome components compared to other adiposity traits. Change in metabolic syndrome component TG was a better predictor of changes in adiposity traits compared to changes in other metabolic components. These associations were explained by significant environmental correlations but not by genetic correlations.
  
  
  
  Changes in anthropometric and fat mass indicators were positively associated with changes in metabolic syndrome clustering and those associations appeared to be regulated by environmental influences.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University , School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea .
authors.forename: Yun-Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University , Seoul, South Korea .|3 Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University , Seoul, South Korea .
authors.forename: Joohon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University , College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea .
authors.forename: Kayoung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D056910:Republic of Korea; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL
keywords: central obesity; metabolic syndrome; obesity