title: Sedative and mechanical antinociceptive effects of four dosages of romifidine administered intravenously to donkeys.
abstract: Although romifidine is commonly used to provide sedation and analgesia for the facilitation of clinical procedures in donkeys, limited scientific information is available for this drug in this species. This randomized, controlled, crossover, Latin-square, blinded study compared the sedative and antinociceptive effects of four dosages of romifidine (40, 60, 80, and 100μg/kg IV; R40, R60, R80, and R100, respectively), acepromazine (0.1mg/kg IV; ACE) and saline (0.9%, 5mL IV) by assigning sedation scores (SS) and measuring head heights above ground (HHAG) and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNT) in donkeys. Areas under the curve (AUC) from 0 to 30, 30-60, 60-120, and 120-180min after administration were computed for SS, HHAG, and MNT and compared among treatments. Romifidine and ACE, but not saline, induced clinical signs of sedation. SS-AUC0-30for R60, R80 and R100, and SS-AUC30-60for R100 were higher than corresponding values for saline. HHAG-AUC30-60for R40 and R80, and HHAG-AUC60-120for R40, R60, R80 and R100 were smaller than for saline. HHAG-AUC60-120for R100 were also smaller than those for ACE. Romifidine, but not saline or ACE, increased MNT. MNT-AUC0-30and MNT-AUC30-60for R40, R60, R80 and R100, and MNT-AUC60-120for R80 and R100 were higher than corresponding values for saline and ACE. MNT-AUC60-120for R100 were higher than for all other romifidine treatments. In donkeys, the degree of sedation was similar for the four dosages of romifidine, but antinociception was dose-dependent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 334, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis. Electronic address: madrigal@unam.mx.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lizarraga
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 334, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Castillo-Alcala
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 334, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
authors.forename: Lauren S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000075:Acepromazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000662:veterinary; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D018397:Equidae; D005260:Female; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D059225:Nociception / Q000187:drug effects*; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000777:Anesthetics; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007093:Imidazoles; D000075:Acepromazine; C076257:romifidine
keywords: Analgesia; Donkey; Mechanical nociceptive threshold testing; Pain assessment; Sedation; α(2) agonist