title: Cranberry juice concentrate does not significantly decrease the incidence of acquired bacteriuria in female hip fracture patients receiving urine catheter: a double-blind randomized trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication among patients with hip fractures. Receiving an indwelling urinary catheter is a risk factor for developing UTIs. Treatment of symptomatic UTIs with antibiotics is expensive and can result in the development of antimicrobial resistance. Cranberries are thought to prevent UTI. There is no previous research on this potential effect in patients with hip fracture who receive urinary catheters.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to investigate whether intake of cranberry juice concentrate pre-operatively decreases the incidence of postoperative UTIs in hip fracture patients that received a urinary catheter.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study employed a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female patients, aged 60 years and older, with hip fracture (n=227) were randomized to receive cranberry or placebo capsules daily, from admission, until 5 days postoperatively. Urine cultures were obtained at admission, 5 and 14 days postoperatively. In addition, Euro Qual five Dimensions assessments were performed and patients were screened for UTI symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the intention-to-treat analysis, there was no difference between the groups in the proportion of patients with hospital-acquired postoperative positive urine cultures at any time point. When limiting the analysis to patients that ingested at least 80% of the prescribed capsules, 13 of 33 (39%) in the placebo group and 13 of 47 (28%) in the cranberry group (P=0.270) had a positive urine culture at 5 days postoperatively. However, this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.270).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cranberry concentrate does not seem to effectively prevent UTIs in female patients with hip fracture and indwelling urinary catheter.
authors.affiliation: Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna-Karin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gunnarsson
authors.affiliation: Institution of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gunningberg
authors.affiliation: Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sune
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.affiliation: Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kenneth B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Jonsson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: elderly; hospital; preventive; randomized controlled trial; urinary tract infection; urine culture