title: Childhood recurrent pneumonia caused by endobronchial sutures: A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recurrent pneumonia is defined as more than two episodes of pneumonia in one year or three or more episodes anytime in life. Common clinical scenarios leading to recurrent pneumonia include anatomical abnormalities of respiratory tract, immunodeficiency, congenital heart diseases, primary ciliary dyskinesia, etc.
  
  
  METHODS
  A school-aged girl suffered from 1-2 episodes of pneumonia each year after trachea connection and lung repair operation resulted from an accident of car crash. Bronchoscopy revealed the sutures twisted with granulation in the left main bronchus and the patient's symptoms relieved after removal of the sutures. Here we report for the first time that surgical suture was the cause of recurrent pneumonia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case indicates that children with late and recurrent onset of pneumonia should undergo detailed evaluation including bronchoscopy.
authors.affiliation: West China Medical School of Sichuan University Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yiheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zan
authors.forename: Hanmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Qingfen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012008:Recurrence; D013537:Sutures / Q000009:adverse effects*