title: Improved antioxidative and cytotoxic activities of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) florets fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P.
abstract: Antioxidative and cytotoxic effects of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum were investigated to improve their biofunctional activities. Total polyphenol (TP) content was measured by the Folin-Denis method, and the antioxidant activities were assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and β-carotene bleaching method. AGS, HeLa, LoVo, MCF-7, and MRC-5 (normal) cells were used to examine the cytotoxic effects by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay. The TP content of fermented chamomile reduced from 21.75 to 18.76 mg gallic acid equivalent (mg GAE)/g, but the DPPH radical capturing activity of fermented chamomile was found to be 11.1% higher than that of nonfermented chamomile after 72 h of fermentation. Following the β-carotene bleaching, the antioxidative effect decreased because of a reduction in pH during fermentation. Additionally, chamomile fermented for 72 h showed a cytotoxic effect of about 95% against cancer cells at 12.7 mg solid/ml of broth, but MRC-5 cells were significantly less sensitive against fermented chamomile samples. These results suggest that the fermentation of chamomile could be applied to develop natural antioxidative and anticancer products.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Hye
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Eom
authors.affiliation: Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
authors.forename: Kee-Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.|Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Paik
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005285:Fermentation; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000378:metabolism*; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D031168:Matricaria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D019207:beta Carotene
keywords: Chamomile; Flavonoid; Lactobacillus plantarum; Matricaria chamomilla; Antioxidant; Cytotoxicity