title: The Effects of Purified Artemia Extract Proteins on Proliferation, Differentiation and Apoptosis of Human Leukemic HL-60 Cells
abstract: There has been an increment in the number of studies focused on marine bioactive materials. Many peptides and
  other biomaterials with anticancer potential have been extracted from various marine animals. Artemia extracts have
  found uses in sun-light protection cosmetics and anti-aging products. However, contents of biochemical compounds
  in Artemia spp. and molecular mechanisms of have not been clearly studied in leukemic cells in vitro. In this work,
  we isolated and purified proteins of Artemia Urmiana. Six clear fractions (A-F) observed on DEAE-cellulose
  chromatography were assayed for effects on cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis using the human leukemic HL-60
  cell line. Cell proliferation analysis by MTT and BrdU assays indicated that did not affect cells, growth. Cells treated
  with crude extract and fractions A, B and C, but not E and F (up to 100 μg/mL), exhibited increase of cell growth in
  a dose dependent manner. Stimulatory effects of fraction D were observed at concentrations of 10 μg/ml and above.
  In nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assays, treatment with 100 μg/mL of fraction E or F for 96 hr increased the
  fraction of differentiated cells up to 14.8 ± 3.56% and 16.5 ± 2.08% respectively. Combination of those fractions with
  retinoic acid had significant synergistic effects on the differentiation of cells (56.8 ± 3.7% and 67.4 ± 4.2%, p≤0.01).
  Annexin-V FITC staining for apoptosis and flow cytometric assays indicated induction of apoptosis by fractions E
  and F up to 23.8 and 31.8% of cells
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran. Email: deezagi@nigeb.ac.ir
authors.forename: Abdolkhaleg
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deezagi
authors.forename: Azadeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chashnidel
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vaseli Hagh
authors.forename: Mahvash
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khodabandeh Shahraki
keywords: Apoptosis; Arteria extract; differentiation; leukemic cells; proliferation