title: Evaluating the Influence of Side Stream Cigarette Smoke at an Early Stage of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Progression in Mice.
abstract: Side stream cigarette smoke (SSCS) is known to be as harmful and hazardous to human health as is active smoking. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the exposure to SSCS and its stimulatory and subacute effects on the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A methionine and choline-deficient plus high fat (MCDHF) diet was administered to C57BL/6 mice for 6 weeks. During the first three weeks of MCDHF diet feeding, each diet group was exposed to SSCS (0, 20, 40 μg/L) or fresh air for 2 hrs per day and 5 days per week. Additional experiments were performed by increasing the concentration (0, 30, 60 μg/L) and exposure time (6 hours per day) of SSCS. According to histopathologic analysis and serum levels of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), there were no differences in hepatic fat deposition, fibrosis, apoptosis or liver damage in MCDHF-fed mice based on SSCS exposure. There were also no differences in the expression of inflammation-, oxidative stress- or fibrosis-related genes between MCDHF-fed mice with or without SSCS exposure. Therefore, it is concluded that SSCS with current exposure amounts does not have additive detrimental effects on the early stage of NASH.
authors.affiliation: Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyejin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Inhalation Toxicology Center, Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Inhalation Toxicology Center, Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Hyub
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Surim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Chae Woong
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Inhalation Toxicology Center, Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyuhong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Bumseok
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Liver; Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; Passive smoking; Side stream cigarette smoke