title: Chlorin e6-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Suppresses P. acnes-Induced Inflammatory Response via NFκB and MAPKs Signaling Pathway.
abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT), consisting of photosensitizer, light, and oxygen has been used for the treatment of various diseases including cancers, microbial infections and skin disorders. In this study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effect of chlorin e6-mediated PDT in P. acnes-infected HaCaT cells using photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and halogen light. The live and heat-killed P. acnes triggered an upregulation of inflammatory molecules such as iNOS, NO, and inflammatory cytokine in HaCaT cells and mouse model. Ce6-mediated PDT notably downregulated the expression of these inflammatory molecules in vitro and in vivo. Similarly, chlorin e6-mediated PDT was capable of regulating inflammatory response in both live and heat killed S. epidermidis exposed HaCaT cells. Moreover, phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK were reduced by Ce6-mediated PDT. Ce6-mediated PDT also reduced the phosphorylation of IKKα/β, IĸBα and NFκB p65 in P. acnes-stimulated HaCaT cells. In addition, the dramatic increase in the nuclear translocation of NFκB p65 observed upon stimulation with P. acnes was markedly impaired by Ce6-based PDT. This is the first suggestion that Ce6-mediated PDT suppresses P. acnes-induced inflammation through modulating NFκB and MAPKs signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Young
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: A-Reum
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Solee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.|Korea Brain Research Institute, Research Division, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.|Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000528:radiation effects; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D002735:Chlorophyllides; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011166:Porphyrins; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C062985:phytochlorin; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II