title: Is mechanical retention for adhesive core build-up needed to restore a vital tooth with a monolithic zirconium crown? - An in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To show the influence of retentive cavity, cavity wall preparation and different luting techniques on the fracture resistance of severely damaged teeth restored with adhesive core build-ups and monolithic zirconium crowns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Extracted molars were prepared with 2 mm ferrule height and divided into eleven groups (n = 8/group). In nine groups a retentive occlusal cavity with a width and depth of 1 or 2 mm was prepared. Two control groups without a retentive cavity were made. Zirconium crowns were manufactured. 48 copings were cemented with glass-ionomer cement (Ketac Cem), the others (n = 40) with adhesive resin cement (Panavia F 2.0). Artificial ageing was carried out in the following way: n = 88, thermocycling (10,000 cycles, 6° C/60° C), n = 80 chewing simulation (1,200,000 cycles, 64 N). The samples were tested for load at first damage and fracture load with non-axial force. For statistical analysis ANCOVA with post hoc, Bonferroni-adjusted t-test were used ( p ≤ 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences between the tested cements were detected. Influence of the cavity wall thickness was significant ( p = 0.001). Mostly, the samples with wall thickness of 2 mm showed better results. Both control groups (no cavity) showed results comparable to study groups with cavity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retentive cavity is most likely not mandatory. However, if prepared, the cavity wall thickness is of higher importance than cavity depth. Glass-ionomer and adhesive resin cement are comparable for use with zirconia crowns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walczak
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rues
authors.affiliation: Division of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Mieszko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wieckiewicz
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry (IMB), Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Range
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmitter
mesh_terms: D002484:Cementation / Q000379:methods*; D003442:Crowns; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention / Q000379:methods*; D058250:Dental Restoration Repair / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008963:Molar; D013718:Tensile Strength; D019246:Tooth Preparation / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; D015040:Zirconium