title: A cancer/testis antigen, NY-SAR-35, induces EpCAM, CD44, and CD133, and activates ERK in HEK293 cells.
abstract: The cancer/testis (CT) antigen NY-SAR-35 gene is located on the X chromosome and is aberrantly expressed in various cancers but not in normal tissues, other than testes. Previously, we reported the expression of NY-SAR-35 enhanced cell growth, proliferation, and invasion in HEK293 and cancer cells. To extend understanding of the NY-SAR-35 gene, we used a next generation sequencing (NGS) approach. NY-SAR-35 expression induced growth, proliferation, metastasis, and stemness genes, as indicated by the up-regulations of CXCR4, EpCAM, CD133, and CD44, at the mRNA and protein levels. The expression of NY-SAR-35 in HEK293 cells significantly increased ERK phosphorylation, but not the phosphorylation of AKT. In HEK293/NY-SAR-35 cells, the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins, including p53, Bax, and p21, were reduced and that of cyclin E was increased. Also, NY-SAR-35 increased the expressions of pluripotency genes (Nanog, Oct-4, and Sox2) and the ability of HEK293 cells to form colonies. Taken together, the present study indicates NY-SAR-35 functions as a CT antigen that triggers oncogenesis and self-renewal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Ha
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ye-Rin
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sangyull@pusan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sang-Yull
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000502:physiology*; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C497483:CD44 protein, human; C499379:EPCAM protein, human; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; C473333:NY-SAR-35 antigen, human; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
keywords: CD133; CD44; Cancer/testis antigen; EpCAM; NY-SAR-35; Pluripotency genes