title: Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Based on data from the 1990s, estimated prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the United States is 10% for mild OSA and 3.8% to 6.5% for moderate to severe OSA; current prevalence may be higher, given the increasing prevalence of obesity. Severe OSA is associated with increased all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular events, diabetes, cognitive impairment, decreased quality of life, and motor vehicle crashes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To issue a new US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for OSA in asymptomatic adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the accuracy, benefits, and potential harms of screening for OSA in asymptomatic adults seen in primary care, including those with unrecognized symptoms. The USPSTF also evaluated the evidence on the benefits and harms of treatment of OSA on intermediate and final health outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The USPSTF found insufficient evidence on screening for or treatment of OSA in asymptomatic adults or adults with unrecognized symptoms. Therefore, the USPSTF was unable to determine the magnitude of the benefits or harms of screening for OSA or whether there is a net benefit or harm to screening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for OSA in asymptomatic adults. (I statement).
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bibbins-Domingo
authors.affiliation: Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa, Iowa City.
authors.forename: Susan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Curry
authors.affiliation: Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Karina W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.affiliation: State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Epling
authors.affiliation: Pima County Department of Health, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Francisco A R
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Independent consultant, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herzstein
authors.affiliation: Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Alex R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.affiliation: Fairfax Family Practice Residency, Fairfax, Virginia10Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
authors.forename: Alex H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Krist
authors.affiliation: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kurth
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham.
authors.forename: C Seth
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Landefeld
authors.affiliation: University of California, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Carol M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mangione
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Seattle.
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Maureen G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Phipps
authors.affiliation: University of Texas at Austin.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Pignone
authors.affiliation: Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silverstein
authors.affiliation: University of Hawaii, Manoa.
authors.forename: Chien-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tseng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D026683:Advisory Committees; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D003657:Decision Making; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology