title: Examination of the Correlation Between Foot Morphology Measurements Using Pedography and Radiographic Measurements.
abstract: Pedography provides excellent visualization of the footprint. However, the correlation between the footprint images and radiographic measures has not been thoroughly evaluated. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to examine the correlation between the pedography-based measures of foot morphology and radiographic measurements and to propose reference values for the diagnosis of flatfoot using footprint imaging. The plantar footprints of 100 right feet were photographed using a pedography standing platform. The sole and arch areas were measured to calculate the footprint index (FPI). The lateral talar-first metatarsal angle (LTM) and calcaneal pitch angle (CP) were measured on standing lateral radiographs, and the talonavicular coverage angle was measured on frontal radiographs. The Pearson moment correlation between the FPI and radiography-based measures was calculated. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated using an LTM of <-4° as the identifying criterion of flatfoot. The sensitivity and specificity of FPI were calculated for LTM values <-4°. The FPI correlated with the LTM (y = -17.964 ± 52.644x, R = 0.588) and CP (y = 9.2304 ± 27.739x, R = 0.659) but not with the talonavicular coverage angle (y = 26.01 ± 15.78x, R = 0.207). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.753, with a cutoff FPI of 0.208, yielding a sensitivity of 0.462 and specificity of 0.934 for flatfoot identification. Pedography could provide an easy screening tool for flatfoot, with an FPI cutoff of 0.208, yielding a specificity of 93.4%.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedist, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inui
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: kazuya@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikoma
authors.affiliation: Orthopedist, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.affiliation: Orthopedist, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Suzuyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.affiliation: Orthopedist, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.affiliation: Orthopedist, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.affiliation: Orthopedist, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Orthopedist, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005413:Flatfoot / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005528:Foot / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: flatfoot; foot morphology; footprint; pedography; radiography