title: Advanced Non-Destructive Ocular Visualization Methods by Improved X-Ray Imaging Techniques.
abstract: Due to limited X-ray contrast, the use of micro-CT in histology is so far not as widespread as predicted. While specific staining procedures-mostly using iodine-address this shortcoming, long diffusion times restrict its use in the often time-constrained daily routine. Recently, a novel staining protocol has been proposed using a biochemical preconditioning step, which increases the permeability of the cells for the staining agent. This could enable the imaging of entire organs of small mammals at a yet unmatched image quality with reasonable preparation and scan times. We here propose an adaptation of this technique for virtual ophthalmology and histology by volumetrically assessing both human and porcine eyes. Hereby, we demonstrate that (contrast-enhanced) micro-CT can outperform conventional histology in the assessment of tumor entities, as well as functioning as a supplementary tool for surgeons in the positioning of intraocular implants in-vitro and as a general assessment tool for ophthalmologic specimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Enders
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biomedical Physics, Departement of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering (IMETUM), Technical University of Munich, James-Franck Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.|Department of Diagnostic and Interventionial Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81664 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Eva-Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Braig
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biomedical Physics, Departement of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering (IMETUM), Technical University of Munich, James-Franck Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerhard K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Gabriele E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biomedical Physics, Departement of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering (IMETUM), Technical University of Munich, James-Franck Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.|Department of Diagnostic and Interventionial Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81664 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biomedical Physics, Departement of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering (IMETUM), Technical University of Munich, James-Franck Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.|Department of Diagnostic and Interventionial Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81664 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Noël
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventionial Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81664 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rummeny
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biomedical Physics, Departement of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering (IMETUM), Technical University of Munich, James-Franck Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herzen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D005123:Eye / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000379:methods*; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D013552:Swine; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007455:Iodine