title: High-Resolution Transthoracic Ultrasonography for Assessment of Pleural Lines in Patients With Dyspnea With CT Comparison: An Observational Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Detection of B-line in dyspneic patients is often accompanied by abnormal changes of pleural line on transthoracic ultrasonography (TUS). The aim of the study was to evaluate the relevance and diagnostic performance of pleural line abnormalities and B-lines detected on high-resolution TUS against the computed tomography (CT) findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transthoracic ultrasonography was performed in patients admitted to the emergency department with dyspnea. The pleural line and accompanying B-line were assessed using a linear transducer. The TUS findings were assessed against the corresponding high-resolution CT findings in the same location, which were considered to be the gold standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of a total of 116 patients, 68.1% had changes of the pleural line on TUS. The characteristic changes of the pleural line were classified into four types: slightly rough pleural line with confluent B-lines on TUS corresponded with CT findings of ground-glass opacity; irregular and interrupted pleural line with confluent B-lines corresponded with parenchymal infiltration; fringed pleural line with confluent B-lines corresponded with superimposed ground-glass and irregular reticular opacities; and fringed pleural line with scattered B-lines corresponded with irregularly thickened interlobular septa. Wavy pleural line indicated subpleural emphysema. The coexistence of more than one abnormal pleural line was also found in 31 cases (26.7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-resolution TUS may help in the initial assessment of lung pathology by its ability to identify pleural line abnormalities and B-lines that are shown to be associated with CT, which could add diagnostic value in the emergency evaluation of dyspneic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Dan
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lan-Lan
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Guang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Yun
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qi-Zhe
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Zhang
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010994:Pleura / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: B-lines; computed tomography; pleural line; transthoracic ultrasonography