title: T2 relaxation time for intervertebral disc degeneration in patients with upper back pain: initial results on the clinical use of 3.0 Tesla MRI.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful non-invasive tool for evaluating abnormalities of intervertebral discs. However, there are few studies which applied functional MRI techniques to investigate degenerative changes in cervical and cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) spine among adults. The aim of this study was to compare T2 relaxation time measurement evaluation with morphological grading for assessing cervical and CTJ intervertebral discs (IVD) in the patients suffering neck, shoulder, and upper back pain.
  
  
  
  Sixty-three patients (378 IVDs) and 60 asymptomatic volunteers (360 IVDs) of the cervical and CTJ discs were assessed using a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, including an sagittal T2 relaxation time protocol. The relaxation time values of the nucleus pulposus (NP) were recorded and all discs were visually graded according to Pfirrman's grading system. The correlation between T2 relaxation time values and qualitative clinical grading of degeneration, patient age, sex and anatomic level were analyzed RESULTS: There is a clear trend of decreasing mean T2 values of the NP associate with increasing Pfirrmann grades (C2-T1) for both patients and asymptotic volunteers. Significant T2 differences were seen among grades I-V (P < 0.05). However, grade V was not observed in the CTJ. Linear correlation analysis revealed a strong negative association between T2 values of the NP and Pfirrmann grade (r = -0.588, r = -0.808) of C2-7 and C7T1. Age were also significantly correlated NP T2 values (r = -0.525, r = -0.723) for patients and volunteers. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic analysis for average measures in a range from 0.70-0.79 (C2-7) to 0.84-0.89 (C7T1) for patients.
  
  
  
  T2 quantitation provides a more sensitive and robust approach for detecting and characterizing the early stage of IVD degeneration and age-associated disc changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Nan baixiang Road, Shangcai Village, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.|Department of Radiation and chemotherapy division, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Raoying
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Linhui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Nan baixiang Road, Shangcai Village, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Nan baixiang Road, Shangcai Village, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Nan baixiang Road, Shangcai Village, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiandong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Navy General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Nan baixiang Road, Shangcai Village, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guangjian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Nan baixiang Road, Shangcai Village, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Siemens Ltd, China Healthcare Sector MR Business Group, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qinglei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Nan baixiang Road, Shangcai Village, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. chenchunkk@163.com.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001416:Back Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012782:Shoulder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cervical; Cervicothoracic Junction; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; T2 Relaxation Time