title: Examining the relations among the DSM-5 alternative model of personality, the five-factor model, and externalizing and internalizing behavior.
abstract: Given long-standing criticisms of the DSM's reliance on categorical models of psychopathology, including the poor reliability and validity of personality-disorder diagnoses, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) published an alternative model (AM) of personality disorders in Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; APA, 2013), which, in part, comprises 5 pathological trait domains based on the 5-factor model (FFM). However, the empirical profiles and discriminant validity of the AM traits remain in question. We recruited a sample of undergraduates (N = 340) for the current study to compare the relations found between a measure of the DSM-5 AM traits (i.e., the Personality Inventory for DSM-5; PID-5; Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson, & Skodol, 2012) and a measure of the FFM (i.e., the International Personality Item Pool; IPIP; Goldberg, 1999) in relation to externalizing and internalizing symptoms. In general, the domains from the 2 measures were significantly related and demonstrated similar patterns of relations with these criteria, such that Antagonism/low Agreeableness and Disinhibition/low Conscientiousness were related to externalizing behaviors, whereas Negative Affectivity/Neuroticism was most significantly related to internalizing symptoms. However, the PID-5 demonstrated large interrelations among its domains and poorer discriminant validity than the IPIP. These results provide additional support that the conception of the trait model included in the DSM-5 AM is an extension of the FFM, but highlight some of the issues that arise due to the PID-5's more limited discriminant validity. (PsycINFO Database Record
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Georgia.
authors.forename: Chelsea E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Sleep
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Georgia.
authors.forename: Courtland S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hyatt
authors.affiliation: Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Maples-Keller
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Georgia.
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000502:physiology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000592:standards*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012919:Social Behavior; D055815:Young Adult