title: Acute high-intensity interval exercise reduces human monocyte Toll-like receptor 2 expression in type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation that contributes to disease pathophysiology. Exercise has anti-inflammatory effects, but the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is not known. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a single session of HIIT on cellular, molecular, and circulating markers of inflammation in individuals with T2D. Participants with T2D (n= 10) and healthy age-matched controls (HC;n= 9) completed an acute bout of HIIT (7 × 1 min at ~85% maximal aerobic power output, separated by 1 min of recovery) on a cycle ergometer with blood samples obtained before (Pre), immediately after (Post), and at 1 h of recovery (1-h Post). Inflammatory markers on leukocytes were measured by flow cytometry, and TNF-α was assessed in both LPS-stimulated whole blood cultures and plasma. A single session of HIIT had an overall anti-inflammatory effect, as evidenced by1) significantly lower levels of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 surface protein expression on both classical and CD16+ monocytes assessed at Post and 1-h Post compared with Pre (P< 0.05 for all);2) significantly lower LPS-stimulated TNF-α release in whole blood cultures at 1-h Post (P< 0.05 vs. Pre); and3) significantly lower levels of plasma TNF-α at 1-h Post (P< 0.05 vs. Pre). There were no differences between T2D and HC, except for a larger decrease in plasma TNF-α in HC vs. T2D (group × time interaction,P< 0.05). One session of low-volume HIIT has immunomodulatory effects and provides potential anti-inflammatory benefits to people with, and without, T2D.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia.
authors.forename: Cody
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Durrer
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia.
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Francois
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neudorf
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia jonathan.little@ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Little
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D000072696:High-Intensity Interval Training / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; C495342:TLR2 protein, human; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2
keywords: CD14+ monocyte; inflammation; innate immunity; leukocyte; tumor necrosis factor-α