title: Motion Illusion-Evidence towards Human Vestibulo-Thalamic Projections.
abstract: Contemporary studies speculated that cerebellar network responsible for motion perception projects to the cerebral cortex via vestibulo-thalamus. Here, we sought for the physiological properties of vestibulo-thalamic pathway responsible for the motion perception. Healthy subjects and the patient with focal vestibulo-thalamic lacunar stroke spun a hand-held rheostat to approximate the value of perceived angular velocity during whole-body passive earth-vertical axis rotations in yaw plane. Vestibulo-ocular reflex was simultaneously measured with high-resolution search coils (paradigm 1). In primates, the vestibulo-thalamic projections remain medial and then dorsomedial to the subthalamus. Therefore, the paradigm 2 assessed the effects of high-frequency subthalamic nucleus electrical stimulation through the medial and caudal deep brain stimulation electrode in five subjects with Parkinson's disease. Paradigm 1 discovered directional mismatch of perceived rotation in a patient with vestibulo-thalamic lacune. There was no such mismatch in vestibulo-ocular reflex. Healthy subjects did not have such directional discrepancy of perceived motion. The results confirmed that perceived angular motion is relayed through the thalamus. Stimulation through medial and caudal-most electrode of subthalamic deep brain stimulator in paradigm 2 resulted in perception of rotational motion in the horizontal semicircular canal plane. One patient perceived riding a swing, a complex motion, possibly the combination of vertical canal and otolith-derived signals representing pitch and fore-aft motion, respectively. The results examined physiological properties of the vestibulo-thalamic pathway that passes in proximity to the subthalamic nucleus conducting pure semicircular canal signals and convergent signals from the semicircular canals and the otoliths.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. aasefshaikh@gmail.com.|Neurology Service, Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. aasefshaikh@gmail.com.|Daroff-DelOsso Ocular Motility Laboratory, Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. aasefshaikh@gmail.com.|Department of Neurology, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA. aasefshaikh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aasef G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Straumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007088:Illusions / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D012027:Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D012399:Rotation; D012665:Semicircular Canals / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Deep brain stimulation; Motion perception; Vertigo; Vestibular