title: Nutrition and fasting mimicking diets in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases and immunosenescence.
abstract: Complex and coordinated signals are necessary to initiate and sustain the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of lymphocytes. These signals, which are known to determine T-cell fate and function, also depend on the metabolic state of the organism. Recent studies indicate that both the type and levels of nutrients can influence the generation, survival and function of lymphocytes and therefore can affect several autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the dysregulation of lymphocytes during autoimmunity and aging, the mechanisms associated with loss of immune function, and how fasting mimicking diets and other dietary interventions affect autoimmunity and immunosenescence.
authors.affiliation: Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: In Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Changhan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: vlongo@usc.edu.
authors.forename: Valter D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Longo
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D000068884:Immunosenescence; D051379:Mice; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: Aging; Autoimmune diseases; Fasting; Fasting mimicking diet; Immunosenescence; Metabolism