title: Peripheral insulin-like growth factor 1 in bipolar disorder.
abstract: Bipolar disorder is a recurrent and highly incapacitating illness, related to inflammation and changes in the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The objective of this study was to evaluate serum levels of IGF-1 in bipolar disorder patients and its relation to inflammation. We included 31 patients with bipolar disorder and 33 healthy controls. Serum concentrations of IGF-1, growth hormone (GH), insulin and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were analyzed. The serum levels of IGF-1 seem to be increased in bipolar disorder patients (248.84±104.91ng/mL) compared to controls (169.18±74.16ng/mL). Comparing reference values of IGF serum concentrations between groups, we found that 32% of patients had increased IGF-1 serum concentrations while only 3% of subjects are above normal range. We did not find statistically significant differences between groups in the concentration of insulin, GH, and TNF-α. This study suggests an association between IGF-1 in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. It is possible that this peripheral increase is related to a central nervous system increased resistance to IGF-1, thus reducing its neuroprotective action.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine - CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Sciences of Behavior, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emily G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine - CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pfaffenseller
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Sciences of Behavior, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Unilasalle,Unilasalle, University Center La Salle, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stertz
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fries
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine - CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Sciences of Behavior, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: adrianerrosa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Adriane R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine - CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Sciences of Behavior, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Magalhães
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
keywords: Bipolar disorder; IGF-1; Inflammation; Neurotrophins