title: Change in Periapical Lesion and Adjacent Mucosal Thickening Dimensions One Year after Endodontic Treatment: Volumetric Cone-beam Computed Tomography Assessment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Changes in periapical lesion dimensions along with mucosal thickening after endodontic treatment have not been studied yet. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (1) to obtain linear and volumetric measurements of lesion dimensions in maxillary first molars with periapical pathology and (2) to measure maxillary sinus mucosal thickening in the vicinity of periapical lesions before and 1 year after endodontic treatment by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one maxillary first molar teeth of 21 patients (14 female and 7 male) with periapical lesion that had local mucosal thickening in the vicinity of the periapical lesion were endodontically treated. A total of 21 maxillary first molar roots (8 mesiobuccal roots, 6 distobuccal roots, and 7 palatal roots), each one from different patients, was included. Pretreatment and 1-year post-treatment CBCT images of each tooth were obtained by using Kodak CS 9300 3D CBCT unit. Width, height, surface area, and volume measurements of periapical lesions and mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus mucosa in the vicinity of the periapical lesion were measured before and 1 year after endodontic treatment. General linear model (analysis of variance) was used for the comparisons between measurements, and significance was set at P < .05. Regression analysis was also used to test the correlation between different measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found statistically significant differences between mean pretreatment and mean post-treatment measurements conducted by using CBCT images (width, P = .002; height, P < .001; maximum mucosal thickening, P < .001; medium mucosal thickening, P < .001; minimum mucosal thickening, P < .001; surface area, P = .032; and volume, P = .034). Considering gender, age, and root-type variables, no significant differences were found for all the measurements conducted (P > .05). There were 36%, 41%, 53%, 54%, 53%, 73%, and 75% mean reductions in lesion width, lesion height, maximum sinus mucosal thickness, medium sinus mucosal thickness, minimum sinus mucosal thickness, lesion surface area, and lesion volume, respectively, before and 1 year after endodontic treatment. Regression analysis of pretreatment lesion volume versus percentage of post-treatment lesion volume change revealed a low regression coefficient (R2= 16.7%, P > .05), showing a weak linear relationship.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CBCT assessment of changes in periapical lesion and mucosal thickening dimensions may reveal useful information regarding endodontic treatment success.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: dtkivo@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Kıvanç
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamburoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Funda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gulsahi
authors.affiliation: Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, DentisTomo Private Imaging Center, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gulen
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gulsahi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010483:Periapical Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019553:Tooth, Nonvital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: CBCT; mucosal thickening; periapical lesion