title: Early Canadian Multicenter Experience With WATCHMAN for Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are limited data with WATCHMAN (Boston Scientific Corporation, Natick, MA, USA) for left atrial appendage (LAA) closure in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and contraindications to anticoagulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of WATCHMAN in our early Canadian experience.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report our pooled consecutive series of patients who underwent WATCHMAN implantation at four major Canadian centers. Indications for LAA closure were CHADS2≥ 1 or CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2, and contraindication/intolerance to or failure on anticoagulation. Follow-up imaging was typically performed 1-6 months postprocedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and six patients underwent LAA closure with WATCHMAN from May 2013 to October 2015. The mean age was 74.8 ± 7.7, mean CHADS2score was 2.8 ± 1.2, CHA2DS2-VASc score was 4.3 ± 1.5, and HASBLED score was 3.2 ± 1.2. Permanent AF was present in 67.9% and paroxysmal AF in 32.1%. Indications for LAA closure were prior bleeding 89.6% (87 major bleeding and 8 minor bleeding), 9.4% were deemed high risk for bleeding, and 0.9% with recurrent strokes on warfarin. Procedural success was 97.2% (103 of 106), with one device embolization (snared percutaneously), one implant failure due to inadequate LAA depth, and one cardiac perforation requiring surgical repair before WATCHMAN implantation. The composite major safety event-rate was 1.9% (1 death and 1 device embolization). Mean hospital stay was 1.8 ± 4.7 days. Antithrombotic therapy postimplant included dual antiplatelet therapy in 76 of 103 (73.8%). Mean follow-up was 210 ± 182 days; there were two transient ischemic attacks, with estimated 66% reduction in thromboembolic events relative to CHADS2predicted risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our early Canadian experience, WATCHMAN for LAA closure in patients contraindicated to anticoagulation appeared safe and effective.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saw
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fahmy
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Azzalini
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Marquis
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hibbert
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morillo
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrizo
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Reda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020517:Atrial Appendage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002170:Canada; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
keywords: clinical: implantable devices--atrial fibrillation; left atrial appendage closure