title: Bacterial Nanocellulose Magnetically Functionalized for Neuro-Endovascular Treatment.
abstract: Current treatments for brain aneurysms are invasive, traumatic, and not suitable in most patients with increased risks. A new alternative method is using scaffold stents to create a local and focal attraction force of cells for an in situ reconstruction of the tunica media. For this purpose, a nanostructured bioactive coating is designed to render an asymmetric region of the stent scaffold magnetic and biomimetic, which utilizes bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) as a platform for both magnetic and cell attraction as well as proliferation. The magnetization of the BNC is realized through the reaction of Fe III and II, precipitating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION). Subsequently, magnetic bacterial nanocellulose (MBNC) is coated with polyethylene glycol to improve its biocompatibility. Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility are evaluated using porcine aortic smooth muscle cells. Preliminary cellular migration assays demonstrate the behavior between MBNC and cells labeled with SPION. In this work, (1) synthesis of BNC impregnated with magnetic nanoparticles is successfully demonstrated; (2) a viable, resilient, and biocompatible hydrogel membrane is tested for neuroendovascular application using a stent scaffold; (3) cell viability and minimal cytotoxicity is achieved; (4) cell migration tests and examination of cellular magnetic attraction confirm the viability of MBNC as a multifunctional coating.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.|Program of Study and Control of Tropical Diseases (PECET), University of Antioquia, Medellin, 050003, Colombia.|Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Echeverry-Rendon
authors.affiliation: Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA.|Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA.|Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Reece
authors.affiliation: Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA.|Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, 111711, Colombia.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pastrana
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.|Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.|Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Akshath R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.|Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.|Department of Bioengineering, Group of Advanced Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, BAMR, School of Engineering, University of Antioquia, Medellin, 050003, Colombia.
authors.forename: Juan Jose
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pavón
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.|Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jean Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Allain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008422:Materials Testing; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C000499:ferric oxide; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: bacterial nanocellulose; endovascular treatments; magnetic functionalizing