title: Burden of Bites by Dogs and Other Animals in Los Angeles County, California, 2009-2011.
abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze all animal-to-human bite reports during a 3-year period from a regional surveillance database. Results helped to inform local efforts to reduce and prevent animal-to-human bites.
  
  
  
  We reviewed all cases of animal-to-human bites occurring from 2009 through 2011 that were reported to the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health's Animal Bites Database. We collected data on the bite victim's date of birth, age, and address; bite circumstances (ie, date, time, location, how bite occurred); anatomic site and treatment of bite; type of reporting facility; and breed and management of biting animal.
  
  
  
  From 2009 through 2011, 26   169 animal-to-human bites were reported, of which 23   103 (88%) were dog bites. Most animal-to-human bites (n = 7673, 29%) occurred between 4 pm and 8 pm and peaked during the month of July (n = 2663, 10%). Most animal-to-human bites occurred outdoors (n = 8772, 34%) and while victims engaged in recreational activities (n = 4353, 17%). The hands were the most common injury site (n = 9130, 35%), and only 1% of animal bites (n = 267) resulted in hospitalization. A total of 4115 bite victims (16%) received tetanus vaccinations. Of all animal-to-human bite cases, medical organizations reported 13   451 (51%), and animal control agencies reported 10   682 (41%).
  
  
  
  Animal-to-human bites can often lead to medical complications. Surveillance is essential in helping to identify, manage, and reduce these highly preventable injuries and direct public health actions and policies on animal bite risk and prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Caleb
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Division of Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mirna Ponce
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jewell
authors.affiliation: Office of Health Assessment and Epidemiology, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piron
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Public Health and Rabies Control, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ehnert
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Veterinary Public Health and Rabies Control, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beeler
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Public Health and Rabies Control, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Office of Health Assessment and Epidemiology, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: animal bites; dog bites; epidemiology; public health surveillance