title: Outcomes of levator advancement and Müller muscle-conjunctiva resection for the repair of upper eyelid ptosis.
abstract: Both the Müller muscle-conjunctiva resection (MMCR) and levator advancement (LA) procedures can be used to manage ptosis in patients with good levator function. The aim of this article is to evaluate the efficacy and cosmetic outcomes of the two procedures. The clinical records of 29 consecutive eyelids of 26 patients undergoing MMCR and 30 eyelids of 23 patients undergoing LA were analysed. Eleven (42%) in the LA group and 9 (39%) in the MMCR group were male. The preoperative eyelid measurements were significantly different in the LA compared to the MMCR groups, in terms of palpebral aperture (PA) (6.3 vs 7.4, p = 0.01), marginal reflex distance 1 (MRD1) (-0.1 vs 1.5, p < 0.001) and levator function (LF) (12.1 vs 13.4, p = 0.03). The MRD1 1 month post-surgery was slightly less in the LA group compared to the MMCR group (2.6 vs 3.18 mm, p = 0.047) but not significantly different at months 3 and 6. The final change in MRD1 was significantly higher in the LA group (2.93 vs 1.76, p = 0.004). The MMCR group had a lower incidence of lid contour abnormalities (0% vs 20%, p = 0.01) and overcorrection (0% vs 13%, p = 0.04). There was no statistically significant difference in the rates of undercorrection in either group. Both the MMCR as well as LA procedures are effective for mild to moderate ptosis in patients with good levator function. Patients undergoing MMCR had higher success rates, better preservation of the natural lid contour, and a lower incidence of overcorrection than patients undergoing LA.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , National University Hospital, National University Health System , Singapore.
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , National University Hospital, National University Health System , Singapore.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , National University Hospital, National University Health System , Singapore.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sundar
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , National University Hospital, National University Health System , Singapore.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amrith
mesh_terms: D058646:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D058646:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists; D010656:Phenylephrine
keywords: Blepharoptosis in Asians; Müller muscle conjunctiva resection; levator advancement; phenylephrine test