title: Clinical Performance of Narrow-Diameter Titanium-Zirconium Implants: A Systematic Review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitations are in constant augmentation in everyday dental practice. This is largely due to increasing demand from patients for fixed or implant-stabilized prosthesis, although they are frequently reticent to complex preimplant bone augmentation surgeries, whenever bone volume is lacking. Narrow-diameter implants (NDI; ≤3.5 mm) have been developed to offer relatively simple implant solutions in challenging bone-deficient sites. However, concerns regarding their mechanical properties have been raised. Special titanium-zirconium material (Ti-Zr), with superior mechanical resistance, compared with pure titanium alloys has been introduced into the market. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the available data on clinical performance of Ti-Zr NDI.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search of all available clinical articles dealing with Ti-Zr NDI has been carried out. After including only prospective clinical trials, 14 papers were retrieved for thorough reviewing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term results from preliminary clinical reports are quite promising, although the number of published studies and the follow-up periods are still insufficient to determine the real benefit of this hybrid material compared with titanium, especially when using NDI.
authors.affiliation: *Clinical Instructor, Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Nantes, Nantes, France; Associate Professor, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental surgery, (Inserm U791/UIC 11) CHU de Nantes, France. †Clinical Instructor, Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Nantes, Nantes, France. ‡Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, and Institut Straumann, Basel, Switzerland. §Professor and Head, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental surgery, (Inserm U791/UIC 11) CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France. ¶Associate Professor and Head, Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Zahi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Badran
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Struillou
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Strube
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bourdin
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dard
authors.forename: Assem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soueidan
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoornaert
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D000818:Animals; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D015921:Dental Implants; C000599177:Ti-Zr alloy