title: Early Postnatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Leads to Later Airway Inflammation in Asthmatic Mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Asthma is one of the most common airway inflammatory diseases. In most cases, asthma development is related to ubiquitous harmful environmental exposure factors in early-life. Previous studies have indicated that smoking can promote asthma development and increase the difficulty of asthma control. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of early-life CS exposure on ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized asthmatic mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pathological and immunological functions were analyzed in an adult asthma mice model in which mice were sensitized with OVA combined with early-life CS exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice exposed to CS for only 5 weeks demonstrated significantly reduced pulmonary compliance, increased airway inflammation, and augmented cellular and humoral immune responses. In addition, CS inhalation was sufficient to facilitate OVA sensitization and challenge asthmatic development. Meanwhile, CS exposure amplified regulatory T cell-mediated immunity inhibition, but still did not offset the increased effector T cell-mediated inflammatory response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early-life CS exposure is significantly associated with later pulmonary injury and aggravation of T-cell immunologic derangement in asthmatic mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu-Tong
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Yang-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.|Department of Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
authors.forename: Ya-Nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology