title: Study on the abuse of amantadine in tissues of broiler chickens by HPLC-MS/MS.
abstract: To evaluate the residual target tissues for better monitoring of amantadine abuse in broiler chickens, 22-day-old commercial Arbor Acres broiler chickens were, respectively, fed with 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg of amantadine for five consecutive days. Plasma, breast, and liver tissue samples from the chickens were collected 0, 4, 16, 24, 48, 96, 144, and 312 h after amantadine withdrawal. The high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was used to detect the concentrations of amantadine. The highest concentration was found in the chicken liver and it took the longest time for amantadine to vanish by metabolism. In the high-dose group, amantadine residues were still detected 312 h after amantadine withdrawal. As the amantadine dose increased, amantadine residues in the chicken liver were more slowly to disappear than in other tissues. Even if approximately the same concentration of amantadine residues was found in chicken breast and plasma samples, it took a shorter time before the residues were eliminated. In the medium- and high-dose groups, the concentrations of amantadine residues in chicken liver samples were substantially higher than those in chicken breast and plasma samples, and it took more time to eliminate them. Therefore, the chicken liver can be used as a target tissue to detect illegal use of amantadine.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.|School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000547:Amantadine / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000547:Amantadine