title: Bactericidal Effects of Natural Nanotopography of Dragonfly Wing on Escherichia coli.
abstract: Nanotextured surfaces (NTSs) are critical to organisms as self-adaptation and survival tools. These NTSs have been actively mimicked in the process of developing bactericidal surfaces for diverse biomedical and hygiene applications. To design and fabricate bactericidal topographies effectively for various applications, understanding the bactericidal mechanism of NTS in nature is essential. The current mechanistic explanations on natural bactericidal activity of nanopillars have not utilized recent advances in microscopy to study the natural interaction. This research reveals the natural bactericidal interaction between E. coli and a dragonfly wing's (Orthetrum villosovittatum) NTS using advanced microscopy techniques and proposes a model. Contrary to the existing mechanistic models, this experimental approach demonstrated that the NTS of Orthetrum villosovittatum dragonfly wings has two prominent nanopillar populations and the resolved interface shows membrane damage occurred without direct contact of the bacterial cell membrane with the nanopillars. We propose that the bacterial membrane damage is initiated by a combination of strong adhesion between nanopillars and bacterium EPS layer as well as shear force when immobilized bacterium attempts to move on the NTS. These findings could help guide the design of novel biomimetic nanomaterials by maximizing the synergies between biochemical and mechanical bactericidal effects.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.|Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Chaturanga D
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0688-4260
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Bandara
authors.affiliation: Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.
authors.forename: Sanjleena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Elizade University , 1 Wuraola Ade.Ojo Avenue, P.M.B 002, Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Isaac O
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7114-0439
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Afara
authors.affiliation: Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.
authors.forename: Annalena
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-372X
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.affiliation: Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.
authors.forename: Tuquabo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-4904
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tesfamichael
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.|Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.
authors.forename: Kostya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ostrikov
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.|Research and Innovation Centre, Elizade University , 1 Wuraola Ade.Ojo Avenue, P.M.B 002, Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adekunle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oloyede
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004926:Escherichia coli; D049329:Nanostructures; D063191:Odonata; D014921:Wings, Animal
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: bactericidal; dragonfly; helium ion microscopy; surface science; topography