title: Reconsidering research on self-humanizing: The importance of mean comparative judgments.
abstract: Self-humanization is defined as the tendency to view oneself as more essentially human than others. Researchers have claimed that people attribute human nature traits more strongly to themselves than to others, but not uniquely human traits. In this article we suggest that such claims are based on the misinterpretation of results. Most studies have not presented mean comparative judgments, making it impossible to determine whether people thought they possessed characteristics less strongly or more strongly than the average person. We found that people (N = 256) in Poland, Italy, and Korea perceived themselves as possessing desirable human nature and uniquely human characteristics more than others, as possessing undesirable uniquely human traits less than others, and as similar to others in terms of undesirable human nature characteristics. It seems that being more human than others means possessing some traits more than others and possessing some traits less than others.
authors.affiliation: a SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities , Warsaw.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cypryańska
authors.affiliation: b College of William & Mary.|c SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities , Poznań.
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Nezlek
authors.affiliation: a SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities , Warsaw.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaskółowska
authors.affiliation: d University of Bern.
authors.forename: Magdalena Maria
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Formanowicz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D040821:Human Characteristics; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012649:Self Concept; D012938:Social Perception; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: BTA effect; comparative judgments; direct comparison; self-humanizing