title: Serum levels of interleukin-33 and its soluble form receptor (sST2) are associated with cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: Changes in immune system have been reported in schizophrenia. This study aimed to evaluate the involvement of IL-33, a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, in schizophrenia and its association with cognitive performance in these patients.
  
  
  
  Forty patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy subjects participated in the study. Serum levels of IL-33 and sST2 (soluble form of the IL-33 receptor) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients were evaluated with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) and the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS).
  
  
  
  Patients with schizophrenia and controls presented similar serum levels of IL-33 and sST2. Levels of both markers were positively correlated with cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  
  We found a significant correlation between IL-33 and sST2 levels and cognition in schizophrenia. Our results might help in the understanding of how immune markers are associated with cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. It remains to be determined whether the association between IL-33/sST2 and cognition is restricted to patients with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Sala 281, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Salvina Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: de Campos-Carli
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Sala 281, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil; Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Silva
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Sala 281, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ingrid Caroline Silva
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Instituto Raul Soares, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Av. do Contorno, 3017, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, MG 30110-080, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Breno Fiuza
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Sala 281, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil.
authors.forename: Érica Leandro Marciano
authors.initials: ÉL
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Sala 281, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil; Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
authors.forename: Natalia Pessoa
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Sala 281, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil.
authors.forename: Izabela Guimarães
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil; Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil; Instituto Raul Soares, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Av. do Contorno, 3017, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, MG 30110-080, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Vinícius
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Sala 281, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil; Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA. Electronic address: Antonio.L.Teixeira@uth.tmc.edu.
authors.forename: Antônio Lúcio
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein / Q000097:blood*; D000067596:Interleukin-33 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C506536:IL33 protein, human; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D000067596:Interleukin-33