title: A Novel Approach to Discriminate Subgroups in Multiple Sclerosis.
abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of central nervous system. Since different types of immune cells are involved in MS pathogenesis, in this study we aimed to evaluate serum levels of several immunological components including soluble CD4 (sCD4), sCD8, sCD163, and immunoglobulins as markers of activity of T-cells, macrophages, and B-cells in different types of MS. Serum levels of sCD4, sCD8, and sCD163 of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS, n=61), primary progressive MS (PRMS, n=31), secondary progressive MS (SPMS, n=31), clinical isolated syndrome (CIS, n=31) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO, n=31), and healthy controls (n=49) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum levels of Ig-G, Ig-M, and Ig-A were determined using nephelometric technique. Serum levels of sCD4, sCD8, sCD163, Ig-G, Ig-M, and Ig-A were significantly different in five groups of cases (p<0.05). Furthermore, application of stepwise method of discriminant analysis yielded 4 significant discriminant functions of classification due to the presence of six levels of categorical variables in the analysis. The most important function explained 85.5% of the total variance with the correlation value of 0.79. Taken together, our preliminary analysis suggests that although we found some functions to discriminate most of the patients, further studies will be required to individuate immunological markers characterizing the different type of MS including RRMS, PPMS, SPMS, CIS and NMO as proved by the data on sCD4, sCD163, Ig-M, and Ig-G in blood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farrokhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Saadatpour
authors.affiliation: Faculty of  Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Najafabad, Najafabad, Iran.
authors.forename: Elyas
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fadaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saadatpour
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Najafabad University of Medical Sciences, Najafabad, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Pedram
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moeini
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amani Beni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology*; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000276:immunology*; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D009471:Neuromyelitis Optica / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D000098902:CD163 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface
keywords: Immunoglobulins; Multiple sclerosis; Soluble CD163; Soluble CD4; Soluble CD8