title: Perspectives: Using Results from HRSA's Health Workforce Simulation Model to Examine the Geography of Primary Care.
abstract: Inform health planning and policy discussions by describing Health Resources and Services Administration's (HRSA's) Health Workforce Simulation Model (HWSM) and examining the HWSM's 2025 supply and demand projections for primary care physicians, nurse practitioners (NPs), and physician assistants (PAs).
  
  
  
  HRSA's recently published projections for primary care providers derive from an integrated microsimulation model that estimates health workforce supply and demand at national, regional, and state levels.
  
  
  
  Thirty-seven states are projected to have shortages of primary care physicians in 2025, and nine states are projected to have shortages of both primary care physicians and PAs. While no state is projected to have a 2025 shortage of primary care NPs, many states are expected to have only a small surplus.
  
  
  
  Primary care physician shortages are projected for all parts of the United States, while primary care PA shortages are generally confined to Midwestern and Southern states. No state is projected to have shortages of all three provider types. Projected shortages must be considered in the context of baseline assumptions regarding current supply, demand, provider-service ratios, and other factors. Still, these findings suggest geographies with possible primary care workforce shortages in 2025 and offer opportunities for targeting efforts to enhance workforce flexibility.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Health Workforce Analysis, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, MD.
authors.forename: Robin A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Streeter
authors.affiliation: National Center for Health Workforce Analysis, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, MD.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Zangaro
authors.affiliation: National Center for Health Workforce Analysis, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, MD.
authors.forename: Arpita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
mesh_terms: D005843:Geography; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D009722:Nurse Practitioners / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010823:Physician Assistants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D058007:Physicians, Primary Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011365:Professional Practice Location / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States; D000078329:Workforce
keywords: Primary care; health workforce; scope of practice; shortage; training