title: Sleep-wake patterns and sleep quality in urban Georgia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sleep problems represent a worldwide health concern but their prevalence and impacts are unknown in most non-European/North American countries. This study aimed to evaluate sleep-wake patterns, sleep quality and potential correlates of poor sleep in a sample of the urban Georgian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analyses are based on 395 volunteers (267 females, 128 males, aged 20-60 years) of the Georgia Somnus Study. Subjects completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form. Sociodemographic information and self-reported height and weight were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  43% of subjects had poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5). Further, 41% had low sleep efficiency, 27.6% slept 6 hours or less, 32.4% went to bed after midnight, 27.6% snored, 10.6% were taking sleep medication, and 26.8% had sleep maintenance problems as occurring three or more times a week. The latest bedtime, rise time, and gender effect on these variables were found in the age group 20-29 years. PSQI global score showed a significant age but not gender difference. The economic status and the depression score were two significant predictors of sleep quality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor sleep quality has a high prevalence and is strongly linked to the economic status. Study findings call for a global assessment of sleep problems in countries where sleep disturbances represent an insufficiently recognized public health issue.
authors.affiliation: Research center - T. Oniani Laboratory of Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle Studies, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Irine
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sakhelashvili
authors.affiliation: Research center - T. Oniani Laboratory of Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle Studies, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Marine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eliozishvili
authors.affiliation: Research center - T. Oniani Laboratory of Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle Studies, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Tamar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Basishvili
authors.affiliation: Research center - T. Oniani Laboratory of Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle Studies, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Maia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Datunashvili
authors.affiliation: Research center - T. Oniani Laboratory of Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle Studies, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Nikoloz
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oniani
authors.affiliation: Sleep Medicine Center, Division of Pneumology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cervena
authors.affiliation: Research center - T. Oniani Laboratory of Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle Studies, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Nato
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Darchia
keywords: Economic status; Georgia; Public health; Sleep behavior; Sleep quality; Urban population