title: Phase III Randomized Study of 4 Weeks of High-Dose Interferon-α-2b in Stage T2bNO, T3a-bNO, T4a-bNO, and T1-4N1a-2a (microscopic) Melanoma: A Trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-American College of Radiology Imaging Network Cancer Research Group (E1697).
abstract: Purpose To test the efficacy of 4 weeks of intravenous (IV) induction with high-dose interferon (IFN) as part of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group regimen compared with observation (OBS) in patients with surgically resected intermediate-risk melanoma. Patients and Methods In this intergroup international trial, eligible patients had surgically resected cutaneous melanoma in the following categories: (1) T2bN0, (2) T3a-bN0, (3) T4a-bN0, and (4) T1-4N1a-2a (microscopic). Patients were randomly assigned to receive IFN α-2b at 20 MU/m2/d IV for 5 days (Monday to Friday) every week for 4 weeks (IFN) or OBS. Stratification factors were pathologic lymph node status, lymph node staging procedure, Breslow depth, ulceration of the primary lesion, and disease stage. The primary end point was relapse-free survival. Secondary end points included overall survival, toxicity, and quality of life. Results A total of 1,150 patients were randomly assigned. At a median follow-up of 7 years, the 5-year relapse-free survival rate was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.66 to 0.74) for OBS and 0.70, (95% CI, 0.66 to 0.74) for IFN ( P = .964). The 5-year overall survival rate was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.86) for OBS and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.80 to 0.86) for IFN ( P = .558). Treatment-related grade 3 and higher toxicity was 4.6% versus 57.9% for OBS and IFN, respectively ( P < .001). Quality of life was worse for the treated group. Conclusion Four weeks of IV induction as part of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group high-dose IFN regimen is not better than OBS alone for patients with intermediate-risk melanoma as defined in this trial.
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Sanjiv S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Agarwala
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Sandra J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Waiki
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Uma N
authors.initials: UN
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Ahmad A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tarhini
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Gary I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Douglas S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Reintgen
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Terry L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Joanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brell
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Albertini
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Shaker R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Dakhil
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Conry
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sosman
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Lawrence E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Flaherty
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Vernon K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sondak
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Smylie
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Alberto S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pappo
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Kefford
authors.affiliation: Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Saint Luke's University Hospital, Easton; Uma N. Rao, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Terry L. Evans, and John M. Kirkwood, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Sandra J. Lee, and Waiki Yip, Dana Farber Cancer Institute-ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA; Gary I. Cohen, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Douglas S. Reintgen, Lakeland Regional Cancer Center, Lakeland; Vernon K. Sondak, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Joanna M. Brell, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland; William E. Carson, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; Mark R. Albertini, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI; Michael B. Atkins, Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC; Shaker R. Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Robert M. Conry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Alberto S. Pappo, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital Oncology, Memphis, TN; Lawrence E. Flaherty, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Michael G. Smylie, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada; and Richard F. Kefford, Sydney West Area Health Service, Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kirkwood
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins