title: Cartilage tissue engineering: Role of mesenchymal stem cells along with growth factors & scaffolds.
abstract: Articular cartilage injury poses a major challenge for both the patient and orthopaedician. Articular cartilage defects once formed do not regenerate spontaneously, rather replaced by fibrocartilage which is weaker in mechanical competence than the normal hyaline cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) along with different growth factors and scaffolds are currently incorporated in tissue engineering to overcome the deficiencies associated with currently available surgical methods and to facilitate cartilage healing. MSCs, being readily available with a potential to differentiate into chondrocytes which are enhanced by the application of different growth factors, are considered for effective repair of articular cartilage after injury. However, therapeutic application of MSCs and growth factors for cartilage repair remains in its infancy, with no comparative clinical study to that of the other surgical techniques. The present review covers the role of MSCs, growth factors and scaffolds for the repair of articular cartilage injury.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Modular Laboratory Building, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar; Clinical Veterinary Services Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Srinagar, India.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Gugjoo
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Modular Laboratory Building, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
authors.affiliation: Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Modular Laboratory Building, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Aithal
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Modular Laboratory Building, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kinjavdekar
mesh_terms: D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000637:transplantation; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins