title: Antinociceptive effect of methanol extract of Dalbergia sissoo leaves in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dalbergia sissoo DC. (Family: Fabaceae) is a medium to large deciduous tree, is locally called "shishu" in Bangladesh. It is used to treat sore throats, dysentery, syphilis, bronchitis, inflammations, infections, hernia, skin diseases, and gonorrhea. This study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the methanol extract of D. sissoo leaves (MEDS) in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The extract was assessed for antinociceptive activity using chemical and heat induced pain models such as hot plate, tail immersion, acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, glutamate, and cinnamaldehyde test models in mice at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg (p.o.) respectively. Morphine sulphate (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were used as reference analgesic drugs. To confirm the possible involvement of opioid receptor in the central antinociceptive effect of MEDS, naloxone was used to antagonize the effect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MEDS demonstrated potent and dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in all the chemical and heat induced mice models (p < 0.001). The findings of this study indicate that the involvement of both peripheral and central antinociceptive mechanisms. The use of naloxone verified the association of opioid receptors in the central antinociceptive effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated the peripheral and central antinociceptive activity of the leaves of D. sissoo. These results support the traditional use of this plant in different painful conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51, Siddeswari Road, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh. manna.034@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Md Abdul
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mannan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51, Siddeswari Road, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Ambia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khatun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51, Siddeswari Road, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Farhad Hossen
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D035782:Dalbergia / Q000737:chemistry*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005557:Formaldehyde; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D054086:KATP Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D011897:Random Allocation; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D054086:KATP Channels; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005557:Formaldehyde; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: Antinociceptive; Dalbergia sissoo; Opioid receptors