title: Spatial distribution and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in snails (Bellamya aeruginosa) and sediments from Taihu Lake area, China.
abstract: Taihu Lake area is one of the densest metropolitan areas in the world including diverse industrial activity. In the present study, the snail (Bellamya aeruginosa) and sediment were collected from the Taihu Lake area to investigate the contamination status, congener pattern, spatial distribution, and bioaccumulation effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The samples underwent liquid extraction, lipid removal by sulfuric acid, and acidic silica gel column, and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Concentration of ∑22PCBs ranged between 90 and 680 ng g-1lipid weight in the snails and between 0.018 and 0.82 ng g-1dry weight in the sediments. Concentration of ∑24PBDEs varied from 25 to 200 ng g-1lipid weight in the snails and from 0.62 to 67 ng g-1dry weight in the sediments. The levels of PCBs and PBDEs observed were in the medium to low range compared with other studies in the world. CB-153 was the predominant PCB congener in both snails and sediments whereas BDE-209 showed a low bioavailability in the snails, even if it contributed up to 70% of ∑24PBDEs in the sediments. The spatial distribution showed that the highest concentration of PCBs and PBDEs were detected in samples from Zhushan Lake. East Taihu Lake and Dianshan Lake showed lower concentration of PCBs and PBDEs than the other sampling sites. Biota-sediment accumulation was found between snails and sediments of most of PCB and PBDE congeners except for the highly brominated BDEs (i.e., BDE-209). Therefore, sediment is suggested to be an appropriate matrix to monitor BDE-209 while aquatic species such as the snail could be good for monitoring of PCBs and lower brominated BDE congeners. No significant correlation (Spearman correlation test, two-tailed) of CB-153 (r = 0.54, p = 0.27) or BDE-47 (r = 0.60, p = 0.21) was found between snails and sediments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418, Stockholm, Sweden. capitalzyh@yahoo.com.|State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. capitalzyh@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Yihui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strid
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418, Stockholm, Sweden.|Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ziye
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, 10405, Stockholm, Sweden.|Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bignert
authors.affiliation: College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China.
authors.forename: Taowu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Athanassiadis
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D012908:Snails / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013037:Spatial Behavior; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Benthic organisms; Biota-sediment accumulation; Persistent organic pollutants; Spatial distribution; Total organic carbon