title: Lixisenatide: A New Daily GLP-1 Agonist for Type 2 Diabetes Management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), lixisenatide, in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A PubMed (1966-2016) search was conducted using the following keywords: lixisenatide, AVE0010, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, and type 2 diabetes. References were reviewed to identify additional sources.
  
  
  METHODS
  Articles written in English were included if they evaluated the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, or safety of lixisenatide in human subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lixisenatide lowers blood glucose through a glucose-dependent increase in insulin release from pancreatic β-cells and a decreased release of glucagon from pancreatic α-cells. Additionally, lixisenatide delays gastric emptying and increases satiety. Lixisenatide has been studied head to head against exenatide and insulin glulisine. It has also been studied as monotherapy and in combination with metformin, sulfonylureas, pioglitazone, and insulin glargine. In the GetGoal clinical trial series, lixisenatide resulted in a hemoglobin A1Creduction of 0.6% to 1% and a reduction in body weight of 0.2 to 2.96 kg. The adverse effect profile of lixisenatide was consistent with that of other GLP-1RAs, with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea most commonly reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lixisenatide provides an additional GLP-1RA option, which may have more postprandial blood glucose-lowering effects than the other agents in the class because of its shorter half-life and effects on delaying gastric emptying.
authors.affiliation: 1 Wingate University School of Pharmacy, Wingate, NC, USA.|2 Novant Health Waxhaw Family Physicians and Sports Medicine, Waxhaw, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Delilah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McCarty
authors.affiliation: 1 Wingate University School of Pharmacy, Wingate, NC, USA.|3 Matthews Free Medical Clinic, Matthews, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.affiliation: 1 Wingate University School of Pharmacy, Wingate, NC, USA.|4 Novant Health Cotswold Medical Clinic-Arboretum, Charlotte, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Cassie L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Boland
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000097789:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists; D000067758:Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010455:Peptides; D000097789:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists; C479460:lixisenatide; D000067758:Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor
keywords: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; lixisenatide; type 2 diabetes