title: Global Proteome Changes in the Rat Diaphragm Induced by Endurance Exercise Training.
abstract: Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving intervention for many critically ill patients. Unfortunately, prolonged MV results in the rapid development of diaphragmatic atrophy and weakness. Importantly, endurance exercise training results in a diaphragmatic phenotype that is protected against ventilator-induced diaphragmatic atrophy and weakness. The mechanisms responsible for this exercise-induced protection against ventilator-induced diaphragmatic atrophy remain unknown. Therefore, to investigate exercise-induced changes in diaphragm muscle proteins, we compared the diaphragmatic proteome from sedentary and exercise-trained rats. Specifically, using label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we performed a proteomics analysis of both soluble proteins and mitochondrial proteins isolated from diaphragm muscle. The total number of diaphragm proteins profiled in the soluble protein fraction and mitochondrial protein fraction were 813 and 732, respectively. Endurance exercise training significantly (P<0.05, FDR <10%) altered the abundance of 70 proteins in the soluble diaphragm proteome and 25 proteins of the mitochondrial proteome. In particular, key cytoprotective proteins that increased in relative abundance following exercise training included mitochondrial fission process 1 (Mtfp1; MTP18), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MPST), microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 (Mgst3; GST-III), and heat shock protein 70 kDa protein 1A/1B (HSP70). While these proteins are known to be cytoprotective in several cell types, the cyto-protective roles of these proteins have yet to be fully elucidated in diaphragm muscle fibers. Based upon these important findings, future experiments can now determine which of these diaphragmatic proteins are sufficient and/or required to promote exercise-induced protection against inactivity-induced muscle atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kurt J
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2957-7009
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Sollanek
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jatin G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Burniston
authors.affiliation: School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America.
authors.forename: Andreas N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Kavazis
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Aaron B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Wiggs
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Bumsoo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ashley J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Smuder
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Scott K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Powers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007700:Kinetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D010807:Physical Endurance; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012995:Solubility; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D020543:Proteome