title: Hearing preservation in acoustic neuroma resection: Analysis of petrous bone measurement and intraoperative application.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is an increased risk for labyrinthine injury for the resection of acoustic neuromas (AN) on the suboccipital, retrosigmoid approach. Prognostic factors should be analyzed for the postoperative hearing function.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 51 patients with ANs using preoperative intact hearing function. Audiological data were obtained by pure tone audiogram (PTA) and speech audiogram. The preoperative and postoperative anatomical localization of the labyrinth was measured with specific distances regarding the tumor and corresponding anatomy of the posterior fossa by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative MRI controls confirmed no injuries to the labyrinth (0%). The postoperative hearing results showed 100% hearing preservation for T1-tumors (<1 ml/<1.1 cm), 50% for T2-tumors (1-4 ml/1.1-1.8 cm), 40% for T3-tumors (4-8 ml/1.8-2.3 cm) and 18% for T4-tumors (>8 ml/>2.3 cm). Postoperative deafness was seen in all cases with ventral tumor extension higher than 5.5 mm. Postoperative loss of hearing was seen in all cases with hearing preservation with 6-8% of speech discrimination and an increase in the hearing threshold of 12 dB in the PTA compared to the preoperative hearing status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Petrous bone measurement by high-resolution MRI data enables safe surgical exposure of the internal acoustic canal with avoidance of injury to the labyrinth and a better postoperative prognosis, especially for intrameatal ANs and for the resection of intrameatal portions of larger neuromas. The prognostic factors enable the patients and the surgeon a better estimation of postoperative results regarding deafness and postoperative hypacusis and support a consolidated treatment planning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Nordstadt Hospital, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tanrikulu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Peer
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lohse
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fahlbusch
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naraghi
keywords: Acoustic neuroma; hearing preservation; high resolution MRI; petrous bone measurement