title: A mechanistic modelling approach to understand 1-MCP inhibition of ethylene action and quality changes during ripening of apples.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) inhibits ripening in climacteric fruit by blocking ethylene receptors, preventing ethylene from binding and eliciting its action. The objective of the current study was to use mathematical models to describe 1-MCP inhibition of apple fruit ripening, and to provide a tool for predicting ethylene production, and two important quality indicators of apple fruit, firmness and background colour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A model consisting of coupled differential equations describing 1-MCP inhibition of apple ripening was developed. Data on ethylene production, expression of ethylene receptors, firmness, and background colour during ripening of untreated and 1-MCP treated apples were used to calibrate the model. An overall adjusted R2of 95% was obtained. The impact of time from harvest to treatment, and harvest maturity on 1-MCP efficacy was modelled. Different hypotheses on the partial response of 'Jonagold' apple to 1-MCP treatment were tested using the model. The model was validated using an independent dataset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low 1-MCP blocking efficacy was shown to be the most likely cause of partial response for delayed 1-MCP treatment, and 1-MCP treatment of late-picked apples. Time from harvest to treatment was a more important factor than maturity for 1-MCP efficacy in 'Jonagold' apples. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.|Centre for Postharvest and Refrigeration Research, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Sunny George
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Gwanpua
authors.affiliation: Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bert E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Verlinden
authors.affiliation: Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Maarten Latm
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hertog
authors.affiliation: Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.|Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bart M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Nicolai
authors.affiliation: Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Annemie H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Geeraerd
mesh_terms: D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008962:Models, Theoretical
chemical_list: D003521:Cyclopropanes; D005030:Ethylenes; C036216:ethylene; C412563:1-methylcyclopropene
keywords: 1-methylcyclopropene; Malus × domestica; ethylene; modelling; quality