title: Salvianolic acid B attenuates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through inhibition of oxidative stress, p53, and caspase-3 pathways.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) apoptosis and the possible mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  HUVECs were divided into 6 groups, including control group, ox-LDL group, vitamin C group (positive control), and 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL Sal B groups. Cell viability of HUVECs was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The anti-apoptotic effect of Sal B was tested by Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V/propidium iodide flflow cytometry analysis. Apoptosis-related genes (p53, Bcl-2 and Bax) expression and caspase-3 activity were also determined. Oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by the corresponding kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In HUVECs, ox-LDL signifificantly reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis (P<0.05 or P<0.01), however, Sal B diminished the effects of ox-LDL in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Moreover, 10 and 20 μg/mL Sal B reduced the expression levels of p53, increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and inhibited the caspase-3 activity in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs (P<0.05). In addition, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL Sal B signifificantly enhanced the activity of SOD, while decreased the level of MDA in the HUVECs which treated with ox-LDL (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sal B exhibited anti-apoptotic effects in ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell injury by suppressing oxidative stress, p53, and caspase-3.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.|Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Bi
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523000, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Cheng
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523000, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515031, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Qiang
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Gang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. zhychun@126.com.|Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. zhychun@126.com.
authors.forename: Ying-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Zhou
keywords: apoptosis; endothelial cell; oxidized low-density lipoprotein; salvianolic acid B