title: Increase Signaling of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway and Presence of Apoptosis in Cerebellum of Kindled Rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in humans, and the role of the cerebellum in its physiopathology remains the subject of study. The Purkinje cells (PC), whose axons target the dentate and interpositus nuclei, form the main cerebellar output to forebrain structures involved in epilepsy. Cerebellar atrophy related to loss of PC has been reported in chronic epilepsy although its mechanism remains unclear. Taking into account that an overexpression of β-Catenin has been related with cell death, here we present the signaling of β-Catenin and the type of PC death in cerebellum of rats with seizures induced by the amygdaloid kindling model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using an immunohistochemistry and western blot assay for β-Catenin, c-Myc, cyclin D3, TUNEL and caspase-3, in rats chronically implanted with electrodes, receiving 0, 3, 15, and 45 electrical stimuli.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that such rats suffering a major number of stimuli showed the highest amount of marks assessed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that there is a higher activity of the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway associated with increased number of stimuli may be related with the presence of apoptosis in the cerebellum treated with amygdala kindling. In this way, we suggest this pathway as one of the mechanisms by which cerebellar neurons death in generalized seizures.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurofisiologia, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Mexico D.F., Mexico. United States.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurofisiologia, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Mexico D.F., Mexico. United States.
authors.forename: Artemio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosiles-Abonce
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neuroinmunologia, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Mexico D.F., Mexico. United States.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trejo-Solis
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Mexico D.F., Mexico. United States.
authors.forename: Moises
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rubio-Osornio
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurofisiologia, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Mexico D.F., Mexico. United States.
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mendoza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurofisiologia, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Mexico D.F., Mexico. United States.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Custodio
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurofisiologia, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Mexico D.F., Mexico. United States.
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Martinez-Lazcano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurofisiologia, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Mexico D.F., Mexico. United States.
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia M. V. S. Insurgentes sur 3867 col. La fama Mexico 14269 Mexico D.F. United States.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D056743:Cyclin D3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000378:metabolism; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012640:Seizures / Q000378:metabolism; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000502:physiology*; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C534698:Ccnd3 protein, rat; C495268:Ctnnb1 protein, rat; D056743:Cyclin D3; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D051176:beta Catenin; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: Apoptosis; c-Myc; caspase 3; cerebellum; cyclin D3; kindling; seizures; β-catenin