title: Lychee pulp phenolics ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation by reducing miR-33 and miR-122 expression in mice fed a high-fat diet.
abstract: Dietary phenolics exhibit hypolipidemic activity by changing lipid metabolism-related microRNA (miRNA) expression. Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-α-l-rhamnosidase (quercetin 3-rut-7-rha), rutin and (-)-epicatechin are the main phenolics in lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) pulp. A previous study reported that quercetin 3-rut-7-rha and rutin had hypolipidemic effects. To elucidate these effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of lychee pulp phenolics (LPPs), the hepatic mRNA and protein expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and their associated miRNAs were measured after ten weeks of treatment with a high-fat diet (HFD) alone or in combination with LPPs. The administration of LPPs significantly reduced the HFD-induced increase in serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels but increased the HDL-c content. The mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT1a) were upregulated, while fatty acid synthase (FAS) mRNA and the corresponding protein expression levels were downregulated by LPPs. Furthermore, the expression levels of miR-33, which directly modulates ABCA1 and CPT1a, and miR-122, which indirectly regulates FAS, were downregulated in mouse hepatocytes. The repression of miR-33 and miR-122 is a possible molecular mechanism of the hypolipidemic effects of LPPs in the liver. Our results suggest a novel hypolipidemic mechanism of LPPs.
authors.affiliation: Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China. mwzhh@vip.tom.com and Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dongxiao
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-0810
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China. mwzhh@vip.tom.com.
authors.forename: Ruifen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fangli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China. mwzhh@vip.tom.com.
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China. mwzhh@vip.tom.com.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shijuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China. mwzhh@vip.tom.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China. mwzhh@vip.tom.com.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China. mwzhh@vip.tom.com.
authors.forename: Zhencheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China. mwzhh@vip.tom.com and Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mingwei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D032125:Litchi / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D035683:MicroRNAs; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C577833:Abca1 protein, mouse; C544354:Mirn122 microRNA, mouse; C550417:Mirn33 microRNA, mouse