Combined use of irinotecan with histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat could cause severe toxicity by inhibiting SN-38 glucuronidation via UGT1A1.
SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) such as belinostat, vorinostat and panobinostat, have all been shown to be deactivated by glucuronidation via UGTs. Since they all compete for UGTs for deactivation, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of various HDACis on the glucuronidation of SN-38. This inhibitory effect was determined by measuring the formation rate of SN-38 glucuronide after SN-38 incubation with human recombinant UGT1A isoforms (1A1, 1A6, 1A7 and 1A9) and pooled human liver microsomes (HLM, wild type, UGT1A1*1*28 and UGT1A1*28*28 allelic variants), with and without HDACis. The data showed that belinostat at 100 and 200 µmol/L inhibited SN-38 glucuronidation via UGT1A1 in a dose-dependent manner, causing significant decrease in Vmax and CLint (p < 0.05) from 12.60 to 1.95 pmol/min/mg and 21.59 to 4.20 μL/min/mg protein respectively. Similarly, in HLMs, Vmax dropped from 41.13 to 10.54, 24.96 to 3.77 and 6.23 to 3.30 pmol/min/mg, and CLint reduced from 81.25 to 26.11, 29.22 to 6.10 and 5.40 to 1.34 µL/min/mg protein for the respective wild type, heterozygous and homozygous variants. Interestingly, belinostat at 200 µmol/L that is roughly equivalent to the average Cmax, 183 µmol/L of belinostat at a dose of 1,400 mg/m2 given intravenously once per day on days 1 to 5 every 3 weeks, was able to inhibit both heterozygous and homozygous variants to same extents (~64%). This highlights the potential clinical significance, as a large proportion of patients could be at risk of developing severe toxicity if irinotecan is co-administered with belinostat.
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Pharmacology, National University Health System, Singapore.
Lingzhi
L
Wang
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Chong En Linus
CEL
Chan
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore.
Andrea Li-Ann
AL
Wong
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Fang Cheng
FC
Wong
Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore.
Siew Woon
SW
Lim
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Arunachalam
A
Chinnathambi
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Sulaiman Ali
SA
Alharbi
Department of Pharmacology, National University Health System, Singapore.
Lawrence Soon-U
LS
Lee
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore.
Ross
R
Soo
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore.
Wei Peng
WP
Yong
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore.
Soo Chin
SC
Lee
Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Paul Chi-Lui
PC
Ho
Department of Pharmacology, National University Health System, Singapore.|Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.|School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia.
Gautam
G
Sethi
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Pharmacology, National University Health System, Singapore.|Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore.
Boon Cher
BC
Goh
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004347:Drug Interactions; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000077146:Irinotecan; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme
D002166:Camptothecin; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D000077146:Irinotecan; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme; C487081:belinostat
SN-38; UGT1A1; belinostat; drug-drug interactions; irinotecan