Peri-implant bleeding on probing: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis of associated factors.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to evaluate the association between peri-implant bleeding on probing (BoP) and probing depth. Other factors regarding patients, implants, and sites were taken into consideration.


METHODS
Consecutive adult patients with ≥1 dental implant were eligible. Two calibrated operators examined the patients. BoP was the outcome variable. The effects of patient, implant and site factors on BoP were assessed using a 3-level logistic model.


RESULTS
Fifty-two patients for a total of 92 implants and 552 sites were included in the analysis. The BoP was observed in 217 sites (39%). The odds ratio increased by 1.81 (95% CI from 1.47 to 2.23; P < 0.0001) for each 1 mm increment in probing pocket depth. A significant higher risk was observed also for interproximal vs. approximal surfaces (OR = 1.55; 95% CI from 1.02 to 2.36; P = 0.0402).


CONCLUSIONS
Peri-implant bleeding was associated with site-specific factors.
Private practice, Rimini, Italy.|Clinica Merli, Rimini, Italy.|Politecnico delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Mauro
M
Merli
Private practice, Rimini, Italy.
Francesco
F
Bernardelli
Private practice, Rimini, Italy.
Erica
E
Giulianelli
Private practice, Rimini, Italy.
Ivano
I
Toselli
Private practice, Rimini, Italy.
Giorgia
G
Mariotti
Clinica Merli, Rimini, Italy.|Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Michele
M
Nieri
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D015921:Dental Implants
dental implant; diagnosis; mucositis; periodontal index