Hydronium-Ion Batteries with Perylenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride Crystals as an Electrode.
We demonstrate for the first time that hydronium ions can be reversibly stored in an electrode of crystalline 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA). PTCDA exhibits a capacity of 85 mAh g-1at 1 A g-1after an initial conditioning process. Ex situ X-ray diffraction revealed reversible and significant structure dilation upon reduction of PTCDA in an acidic electrolyte, which can only be ascribed to hydronium-ion intercalation. The lattice expansion upon hydronium storage was theoretically explored by first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which confirmed the hydronium storage in PTCDA.
Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 2100 SW Monroe Ave, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
Xingfeng
X
Wang
Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 2100 SW Monroe Ave, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
Clement
C
Bommier
Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 2100 SW Monroe Ave, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
Zelang
Z
Jian
Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 2100 SW Monroe Ave, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
Zhifei
Z
Li
Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 2100 SW Monroe Ave, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
Raghu S
RS
Chandrabose
Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 2100 SW Monroe Ave, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
Ismael A
IA
Rodríguez-Pérez
Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, USA.
P Alex
PA
Greaney
Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 2100 SW Monroe Ave, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
Xiulei
X
Ji
PTCDA; aqueous electrolytes; electrochemistry; hydronium ion batteries; structural dilation