Fabric phase sorptive extraction of selected penicillin antibiotic residues from intact milk followed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection.
Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE), a novel sorbent-based microextraction method, was evaluated as a simple and rapid strategy for the extraction of four penicillin antibiotic residues (benzylpenicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin and oxacillin) from cows' milk, without prior protein precipitation. Time-consuming solvent evaporation and reconstitution steps were eliminated successfully from the sample preparation workflow. FPSE utilizes a flexible fabric substrate, chemically coated with sol-gel derived, highly efficient, organic-inorganic hybrid sorbent as the extraction medium. Herein short-chain poly(ethylene glycol) provided optimum extraction sensitivity for the selected penicillins, which were analysed using an RP-HPLC method, validated according to the European Decision 657/2002/EC. The limit of quantitation was 10μg/kg for benzylpenicillin, 20μg/kg for cloxacillin, 25μg/kg dicloxacillin and 30μg/kg oxacillin. These are a similar order of magnitude with those reported in the literature and (with the exception of benzylpenicillin) are less than the maximum residue limits (MRL) set by European legislation.
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: samanidu@chem.auth.gr.
Victoria
V
Samanidou
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Katia
K
Michaelidou
International Forensic Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. Electronic address: akabir@fiu.edu.
Abuzar
A
Kabir
International Forensic Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
Kenneth G
KG
Furton
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D010406:Penicillins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D010400:Penicillin G
Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE); HPLC; Milk; Penicillin antibiotics; Sample preparation; Sorptive extraction