Imaging near orthopedic hardware.
Over one million total joint replacement surgeries were performed in the US in 2013 alone, and this number is expected to more than double by 2030. Traditional imaging techniques for postoperative evaluation of implanted devices, such as radiography, computerized tomography, or ultrasound, utilize ionizing radiation, suffer from beam hardening artifact, or lack the inherent high contrast necessary to adequately evaluate soft tissues around the implants, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), due to its ability to generate multiplanar, high-contrast images without the use of ionizing radiation is ideal for evaluating periprosthetic soft tissues but has traditionally suffered from in-plane and through-plane data misregistration due to the magnetic susceptibility of implanted materials. A recent renaissance in the interest of imaging near arthroplasty and implanted orthopedic hardware has led to the development of new techniques that help to mitigate the effects of magnetic susceptibility. This article describes the challenges of performing imaging near implanted orthopedic hardware, how to generate clinically interpretable images when imaging near implanted devices, and how the images may be interpreted for clinical use. We will also describe current developments of utilizing MRI to evaluate implanted orthopedic hardware.



3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:24-39.
MRI Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Radiology and Imaging-MRI, New York, New York, USA.
Matthew F
0000-0003-1675-116X
MF
Koff
MRI Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Radiology and Imaging-MRI, New York, New York, USA.
Alissa J
AJ
Burge
Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Radiology, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Kevin M
KM
Koch
MRI Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Radiology and Imaging-MRI, New York, New York, USA.
Hollis G
HG
Potter
D016477:Artifacts; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009983:Orthopedic Equipment; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
MRI; arthroplasty; metal; susceptibility