The lipopolysaccharide of the crop pathogen Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens: chemical characterization and determination of signaling events in plant cells.
Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (Xtt) is a Gram-negative pathogen of crops from the plant family Poaceae. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Xtt was isolated and chemically characterized. The analyses revealed the presence of rhamnose, xylose, mannose, glucose, galacturonic acid, phosphates, 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosonic acid (Kdo) and fatty acids (10:0, 11:0, 11:0(3-OH) i/a, 11:0(3-OH), 12:0(3-OH) i/a, 12:0(3-OH), 12:0, 13:0(3-OH) i, 13:0(3-OH) a, 13:0(3-OH), 14:0(3-OH) i/a, 14:0(3-OH) and 16:0). The rough type of LPS (lipooligosaccharides; LOS) was isolated and its composition determined utilizing mass spectrometry. The structure of core-lipid A backbone was revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy performed on O-deacylated LOS sample, and was shown to be: α-D-Manp-(1→3)-α-D-Manp-(1→3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Manp-(1→5)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-β-D-GlcpN-(1→6)-α-D-GlcpN. 4-α-Man and Kdo were further substituted via phosphodiester groups by two galactopyranuronic acids. Xtt LPS elicited a stress response in Nicotiana tabacum suspension cell cultures, namely a transient calcium signal and the generation of H2O2 was observed. Pharmacological studies indicated the involvement of plasma membrane calcium channels, kinases and phospholipase C as key factors in Xtt LPS induced pathogen signaling.
Abteilung 27, Proteom- und Metabolomforschung, Fakultät für Biologie & Centre for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) Universität Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
Tim
T
Steffens
Division of Structural Biochemistry, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research, 23845 Borstel, Germany.
Katarzyna
K
Duda
Division of Immunochemistry, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, 23845 Borstel, Germany.
Buko
B
Lindner
Abteilung 27, Proteom- und Metabolomforschung, Fakultät für Biologie & Centre for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) Universität Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
Frank-Jörg
FJ
Vorhölter
Abteilung 27, Proteom- und Metabolomforschung, Fakultät für Biologie & Centre for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) Universität Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
Hanna
H
Bednarz
Abteilung 27, Proteom- und Metabolomforschung, Fakultät für Biologie & Centre for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) Universität Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
Karsten
K
Niehaus
Division of Structural Biochemistry, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research, 23845 Borstel, Germany.
Otto
O
Holst
D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000382:microbiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000472:pathogenicity
D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide