Glycyrrhizin inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection and attenuates the proinflammatory responses by inhibition of high mobility group box-1 protein.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection, leads to significant economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. In our studies, we found that glycyrrhizin, the major component of licorice root extracts, could moderately inhibit PEDV infection in Vero cells, when analyzed by western blot, qRT-PCR and a plaque formation assay. We also revealed that glycyrrhizin inhibited the entry and replication of PEDV. In addition, we demonstrated that glycyrrhizin decreased the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Since glycyrrhizin is a competitive inhibitor of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), we confirmed that TLR4 and RAGE (£ associated with PEDV pathogenesis during the infection in Vero cells. In summary, our studies provide a molecular basis for developing novel therapeutic methods to control PEDV infection, based on glycyrrhizin and its derivatives.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China. changchaodream@126.com.
Chang-Chao
CC
Huan
College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
Hua-Xia
HX
Wang
College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
Xiang-Xiang
XX
Sheng
College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
Rui
R
Wang
College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
Xin
X
Wang
College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China. xmao@njau.edu.cn.
Xiang
X
Mao
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation; D053485:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013552:Swine; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics; D014709:Vero Cells; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid