[Urinary tract infections in children].
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infections in children. The symptoms are not very specific and range from abdominal pain, poor feeding to nocturnal urinary incontinence. The technique of collecting urine plays an important role for securing the diagnosis. The best way to obtain urine in non-toilet-trained children is catheterization or suprapubic bladder aspiration. In toilet-trained children midstream urine is an acceptable alternative after cleaning the foreskin or labia. In the case of an infection a prompt empirical antibiotic therapy is necessary to reduce the risk of parenchymal scarring of the kidneys. There are different approaches to diagnose vesicoureteral reflux in different countries. The commonly used standard approach in Germany is voiding cystourethrography. In the case of reflux dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy should be performed additionally to exclude renal scarring (bottom-up approach).
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland. katja.lellig@med.uni-muenchen.de.
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Lellig
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland. maria.apfelbeck@med.uni-muenchen.de.
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Apfelbeck
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
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Straub
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
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Karl
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
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Tritschler
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
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Stief
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
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Riccabona
D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000652:urine; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000652:urine; D059349:Urine Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology*
Antibiotic therapy; DMSA scintigraphy; Urinary tract infections; Urine sampling; Voiding cystourethrography