Detection of SGI1/PGI1 Elements and Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins inProteaeof Animal Origin in France.
Proteae, and especiallyProteus mirabilis, are often the cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans. They were reported as carriers of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, and recently of carbapenemases, mostly carried by theSalmonellagenomic island 1 (SGI1) andProteusgenomic island 1 (PGI1).Proteaehave also lately become an increasing cause of UTIs in companion animals, but antimicrobial susceptibility data in animals are still scarce. Here, we report the characterization of 468 clinical epidemiologically unrelatedProteaestrains from animals collected between 2013 and 2015 in France. SeventeenP. mirabilisstrains (3.6%) were positive for SGI1/PGI1 and 18Proteae(3.8%) were resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC). The 28 isolates carrying SGI1/PGI1 and/or ESC-resistance genes were isolated from cats, dogs, and horses. ESBL genes were detected in six genetically relatedP. mirabilisharboringblaV EB-6on the SGI1-V variant, but also independently of the SGI1-V, in 3P. mirabilisstrains (blaVEB-6andblaCTX-M-15) and 1Providencia rettgeristrain (blaCTX-M-1). The AmpC resistance genesblaCMY -2and/orblaDHA-16were detected in 9P. mirabilisstrains. One strain presented both an ESBL and AmpC gene. Interestingly, the majority of the ESBL/AmpC resistance genes were located on the chromosome. In conclusion, multiple ESC-resistance genetic determinants are circulating in French animals, even though SGI1-V-carryingP. mirabilisseems to be mainly responsible for the spread of the ESBL geneblaVEB-6in dogs and horses. These results are of public health relevance and show that companion animals in close contact with humans should be regarded as a potential reservoir of ESC-resistant bacteria as well as a reservoir of ESC-resistance genes that could further disseminate to human pathogens.
Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR 1282Nouzilly, France; Université Lyon-Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence BactériennesLyon, France.
Eliette
E
Schultz
Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR 1282 Nouzilly, France.
Axel
A
Cloeckaert
Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR 1282 Nouzilly, France.
Benoît
B
Doublet
Université Lyon-Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes Lyon, France.
Jean-Yves
JY
Madec
Université Lyon-Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes Lyon, France.
Marisa
M
Haenni
AmpC; ESBL; PGI1; Proteus; SGI1; animal; dog