Combined elevated temperature and soil waterlogging stresses inhibit cell elongation by altering osmolyte composition of the developing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber.
Soil waterlogging events and high temperature conditions occur frequently in the Yangtze River Valley, yet the effects of these co-occurring stresses on fiber elongation have received little attention. In the current study, the combined effect of elevated temperature (ET) and soil waterlogging (SW) more negatively affected final fiber length (reduced by 5.4%-11.3%) than either stress alone by altering the composition of osmotically active solutes (sucrose, malate, and K+), where SW had the most pronounced effect. High temperature accelerated early fiber development, but limited the duration of elongation, thereby limiting final fiber length. Treatment of ET alone altered fiber sucrose content mainly through decreased source strength and the expression of the sucrose transporter gene GhSUT-1, making sucrose availability the primary determinant of final fiber length under ET. Waterlogging stress alone decreased source strength, down-regulated GhSUT-1 expression and enhanced SuSy catalytic activity for sucrose reduction. Waterlogging treatment alone also limited fiber malate production by down-regulating GhPEPC-1 & -2. However, combined elevated temperature and waterlogging limited primary cell wall synthesis by affecting GhCESAs genes and showed a negative impact on all three major osmotic solutes through the regulation of GhSUT-1, GhPEPC-1 & -2 and GhKT-1 expression and altered SuSy activity, which functioned together to produce a shorter fiber length.
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address: 2014201019@njau.edu.cn.
Yinglong
Y
Chen
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address: 2015201018@njau.edu.cn.
Haimiao
H
Wang
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address: 2012201026@njau.edu.cn.
Wei
W
Hu
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address: yjshanshan@njau.edu.cn.
Shanshan
S
Wang
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address: w_youhua@njau.edu.cn.
Youhua
Y
Wang
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31794, USA. Electronic address: jlsnider@uga.edu.
John L
JL
Snider
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address: giscott@njau.edu.cn.
Zhiguo
Z
Zhou
D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D032561:Cotton Fiber; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D003368:Gossypium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008293:Malates / Q000378:metabolism; D009995:Osmosis; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D018514:Plant Structures / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D045483:Rivers; D012639:Seeds / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D064201:Trichomes / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water
D008293:Malates; D012987:Soil; D014867:Water; D013395:Sucrose; C030298:malic acid; D011188:Potassium
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.); Elevated temperature; Fiber elongation; Osmotically active solutes; SuSy; Waterlogging