Compositional profiles of Rhodosporidium toruloides cells under nutrient limitation.
Lipid production by the red yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides was explored under nutrient limitation. To determine the compositional profiles of R. toruloides cells, samples were prepared using a continuous cultivation process under nutrient limitation and analyzed via several methods, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Under nitrogen limitation, as the dilution rate increased, the cellular lipid content decreased but the carbohydrate and protein contents increased. Under carbon limitation, the cellular lipid, protein, and carbohydrate contents remained relatively constant at the different dilution rates. Moreover, the cellular elemental composition was essentially identical under nitrogen and carbon limitation at a high dilution rate of 0.20 h-1. We also analyzed the consumed carbon to nitrogen (C/N) under different nutrition conditions. The results indicated that the consumed C/N had a major influence on cell metabolism and product formation, which contributed to our understanding of the physiological characteristics of R. toruloides.
Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd., Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China. hongweish@dicp.ac.cn.|State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang, 437000, People's Republic of China. hongweish@dicp.ac.cn.
Hongwei
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8151-7316
H
Shen
Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd., Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
Xibin
X
Zhang
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China.
Zhiwei
Z
Gong
Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd., Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
Yanan
Y
Wang
Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd., Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
Xue
X
Yu
Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd., Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
Xiaobing
X
Yang
Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd., Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
Zongbao K
ZK
Zhao
D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D003470:Culture Media; D004602:Elements; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012248:Rhodotorula / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
D002241:Carbohydrates; D003470:Culture Media; D004602:Elements; D008055:Lipids; D011506:Proteins; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen
Compositional profile; Continuous cultivation; Microbial lipid; Nutrient limitation; Rhodosporidium toruloides