Geographical gradients in selection can reveal genetic constraints for evolutionary responses to ocean acidification.
Geographical gradients in selection can shape different genetic architectures in natural populations, reflecting potential genetic constraints for adaptive evolution under climate change. Investigation of natural pH/pCO2variation in upwelling regions reveals different spatio-temporal patterns of natural selection, generating genetic and phenotypic clines in populations, and potentially leading to local adaptation, relevant to understanding effects of ocean acidification (OA). Strong directional selection, associated with intense and continuous upwellings, may have depleted genetic variation in populations within these upwelling regions, favouring increased tolerances to low pH but with an associated cost in other traits. In contrast, diversifying or weak directional selection in populations with seasonal upwellings or outside major upwelling regions may have resulted in higher genetic variances and the lack of genetic correlations among traits. Testing this hypothesis in geographical regions with similar environmental conditions to those predicted under climate change will build insights into how selection may act in the future and how populations may respond to stressors such as OA.
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia juadiegaitan@gmail.com.
Juan Diego
JD
Gaitán-Espitia
School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800 Victoria, Australia.
Dustin
D
Marshall
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, The Sven Loven Centre for Marine Sciences, 45178 Fiskebackskil, Sweden.
Sam
S
Dupont
Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
Leonardo D
LD
Bacigalupe
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia.
Levente
L
Bodrossy
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia.
Alistair J
AJ
Hobday
D000220:Adaptation, Biological / Q000235:genetics*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000502:physiology* / Q000633:toxicity; D057231:Climate Change; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005843:Geography; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D012641:Selection, Genetic
D002245:Carbon Dioxide
adaptive evolution; genetic correlations; ocean acidification; phenotypic evolution; trade-offs