Experimental comparison of performances of Mega Acer Kit, Ranger and ThermoSens according to flow rates and distances.
We experimentally investigated the fluid warming performances of three warmers with different technology, according to flow rates and distances. We used the following intravenous fluid warmers: Mega Acer Kit (Group M, n = 8), Ranger (group R, n = 8), and ThermoSens (group T, n = 8). Fluids that had been stored in the operating room over the previous 24 h were delivered at sequent flow rates of from 440 mL/h up to 2500 mL/h through preheated warming devices. The fluid temperatures were recorded at the inlet point, 76-cm proximal (Pout1) and 166-cm distal outlet points (Pout2) every 1 min for 10 min. We repeated each test eight times. The delivered fluid temperature [mean (95% confidence interval)] was significantly higher in group M than group R and T at flow rates up to 650 mL/h with the highest value at 440 mL/h [34.30 (33.35-35.24)°C] (P < 0.001), and was higher in group T and R at flow rates over 1140 mL/h at Pout1[36.67 (36.62-36.73)°C and 37.85 (37.52-38.17)°C at 2500 mL/h, respectively] (P < 0.001). It was significantly higher at the Pout1than the Pout2at all flow rates for each device (P < 0.001). Mega Acer Kit can warm fluid more effectively compared with ThermoSens and Ranger at the low flow rate whereas the ThermoSens and the Ranger are suitable at higher flow rates. Furthermore, the device performance is more effective with shorter extension lines.
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chosun University, School of Medicine, 375 Seosuk-Dong, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
Hong Ju
HJ
Seo
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University, School of medicine, 375 Seosuk-Dong, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea. ksh3223@chosun.ac.kr.|Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, 309 Pilmun-Daero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61453, Republic of Korea. ksh3223@chosun.ac.kr.
Sang Hun
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3869-9470
SH
Kim
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University, School of medicine, 375 Seosuk-Dong, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.|Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, 309 Pilmun-Daero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61453, Republic of Korea.
Tae Hun
TH
An
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University, School of medicine, 375 Seosuk-Dong, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.|Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, 309 Pilmun-Daero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61453, Republic of Korea.
Dong Joon
DJ
Kim
D001709:Biotechnology; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy*
Distance; Flow rate; Fluid warmer; Mega Acer Kit; Ranger; ThermoSens