Phytoconstituents and Nutritional Properties of the Fruits ofEleutherococcus divaricatusandEleutherococcus sessiliflorus: A Study of Non-European Species Cultivated in Poland.
Eleutherococcusfruits have been consumed in Russia and Asia throughout the centuries. Currently, there is an increasing interest in these products by the community of Western Europe. Many people suffer from micronutrient deficiencies, known as malnutrition, which consequently influences body condition. The aim of this study was to investigate pharmaconutrition, proximate, mineral, and fatty acid composition, total phenolics content, and total flavonoids content ofEleutherococcus divaricatusandEleutherococcus sessiliflorusfruits cultivated in Poland.Eleutherococcus divaricatusandE. sessilifloruscontain a high amount of protein and fibres (16.70% and 12.28%; 61.41% and 45.63%, resp.). The fruits were generally high in K (21 g/kg) and low in sodium (0.001 g/kg). In terms of fatty acid composition, both species had a high amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (54.84-57.95%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (36.22-37.0%). Using LC-ESI-MS/MS, protocatechuic acid has been identified as the most abundant compound, ranging from 260 to 810μg/100 g DE. Among flavonoids, hyperoside was found to be in the highest amount (120-780μg/100 g DE). Considering a rich chemical composition of the fruits, a better understanding of their health benefits is important in order to increase their utility and to enrich dietary sources of health promoting compounds. Because of a high amount of protein and a low calorific value, the fruits should be considered food for vegans or vegetarians.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Daniel
0000-0002-7821-7002
D
Załuski
Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Marta
0000-0002-2838-550X
M
Olech
Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
Robert
R
Verpoorte
Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
Inamullah
I
Khan
Department of Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Rafał
0000-0002-8250-707X
R
Kuźniewski
Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Renata
R
Nowak
D028001:Eleutherococcus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D011044:Poland