Dietary soy protein improves adipose tissue dysfunction by modulating parameters related with oxidative stress in dyslipidemic insulin-resistant rats.
The present study investigates the benefits of the dietary intake of soy protein on adipose tissue dysfunction in a rat model that mimics several aspects of the human metabolic syndrome. Wistar rats were fed a sucrose-rich diet (SRD) for 4 months. After that, half of the animals continued with SRD until month 8 while in the other half, casein protein was replaced by isolated soy protein for 4 months (SRD-S). A reference group consumed a control diet all the time. In adipose tissue we determined: i) the activities of antioxidant enzymes, gene expression of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione redox state ii) the activity of xanthine oxidase (XO), ROS levels and the gene expression of NAD(P)H oxidase iii) the expression of the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2). Besides, adiposity visceral index, insulin sensitivity, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in plasma were determined. Compared with the SRD-fed rats, the animals fed a SRD-S showed: activity normalization of SOD and glutathione reductase, improvement of mRNA SOD and normalization of mRNA GPx without changes in the expression of the Nrf2, and improvement of glutathione redox state. These results were accompanied by a normalization of XO activity and improvement of both the ROS production as well as TNF-α levels in plasma. Besides, adipocyte size distribution, adiposity visceral index and insulin sensitivity improved. The results suggest that soy protein can be a complementary nutrient for treating some signs of the metabolic syndrome.
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, El Pozo CC 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Paola G
PG
Illesca
Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, Avenida Ejercito de los Andes 950, 5700, San Luis, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
Silvina M
SM
Álvarez
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, El Pozo CC 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Dante A
DA
Selenscig
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, El Pozo CC 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
María Del R
MDR
Ferreira
Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, Avenida Ejercito de los Andes 950, 5700, San Luis, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
María S
MS
Giménez
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, El Pozo CC 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
Yolanda B
YB
Lombardo
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, El Pozo CC 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina. Electronic address: medaless@fbcb.unl.edu.ar.
María E
ME
D'Alessandro
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D004822:Epididymis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D007328:Insulin; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495636:Nfe2l2 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005947:Glucose
Adipose tissue; Antioxidant defenses; High sucrose diet; Oxidative stress; Soy protein; Visceral adiposity