Clinicopathological features and microsurgical outcomes for giant pediatric intracranial tumor in 60 consecutive cases.
OBJECTIVE
Giant pediatric intracranial tumor (GPIT) remains to be a challenging disease with high morbidity and mortality.


METHODS
The clinical data of 60 patients under 18 years of age operated on with GPIT (≥5 cm in diameter) were retrospectively analyzed.


RESULTS
Gross total resection was achieved in 46 cases (77%) and subtotal resection was obtained in 14 cases (23%). Ninety percent (47/52) of the cases with obstructive hydrocephalus were resolved remarkably and only 10% (5/52) of the patients needed a ventriculoperitoneal shunt after tumor resection. Postoperative histopathological type revealed malignant brain tumors in 51 cases (85%). The most common neoplasm was medulloblastoma; other types include the following: ependymoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, mixed glioma, primitive neuroectoderm tumor (PNET), subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, gangliocytoma, gliosarcoma, choroid plexus carcinoma, and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT). Benign histopathological categories include the following: craniopharyngioma, choroid plexus papilloma, and meningioma. No death or serious complications occurred after the operation. However, transient subcutaneous effusion occurred in 14 patients postoperatively, nerve injury including the posterior cranial nerve in two cases and abduction nerve in one case, and mutism and pulmonary infection were observed in two cases, respectively. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 72 months, with an average of 32 months. Poor prognosis occurred significantly in the high-grade malignant tumors and PNET, AT/RT, and gliosarcoma were implicated in the death of patients within 1 year.


CONCLUSIONS
To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first description of clinicopathological features and the largest case analysis for GPIT. Optimal outcomes for GPIT were achieved by strict evaluation and perioperative management as well as microsurgical skills.
Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450052, HeNan Province, People's Republic of China.
Ailing
A
Guo
Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450052, HeNan Province, People's Republic of China.
Vigneyshwar
V
Suresh
Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450052, HeNan Province, People's Republic of China.
Xianzhi
X
Liu
Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450052, HeNan Province, People's Republic of China. chyou666@hotmail.com.|Key Laboratory of Neurosurgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe East Road No 1, ZhengZhou, HeNan Province, 450052, People's Republic of China. chyou666@hotmail.com.
Fuyou
F
Guo
D000293:Adolescent; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
Clinical outcome; Giant pediatric intracranial tumor; Pathological features; Surgery