[Psychological Distress and Acceptance of Violence Legitimizing Masculinity Norms among Adolescents].
The proportion of adolescent migrants in Germany aged 15-20 years has risen to about 29.5% in 2014 according to Federal census statistics. The purpose of the current study was to describe and to compare the psychological strains of adolescent 1stand 2ndgeneration migrants with non-migrants in a representative school survey. Acceptance of violence legitimizing masculinity norms was explored and its correlation with psychological strain was analyzed. Self-reported data of psychological strain (internalizing and externalizing problems) and acceptance of violence legitimizing masculinity were gathered among 8 518 pupils aged 12-19 years across different school types. Among the surveyed adolescents, 27.6% reported a migration background (5.8% 1stgeneration migrants; 21.8% 2ndgeneration migrants). Particularly 1stgeneration migrants scored higher in internalizing and externalizing problems than 2ndgeneration migrants or non-migrants. The differences, however, were small. Adolescents with migration background suffered from educational disadvantage, especially 1stgeneration migrants. Male adolescents reported significantly higher acceptance of violence legitimizing masculinity norms than their female counterparts. Strong agreement with the measured concept of masculinity was found among pupils of lower secondary school and adolescents reported regularly tobacco and cannabis consumption. The acceptance of violence legitimizing masculinity norms was greater among migrants, particularly 1stgeneration migrants, than non-migrants. Overall, high acceptance of violence legitimizing masculinity norms was related to externalizing problems, which can be understood as dysfunctional coping mechanisms of social disadvantage and a lack of prospects.
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
Eva M
EM
Klein
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
Klaus
K
Wölfling
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
Manfred E
ME
Beutel
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
Michael
M
Dreier
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
Kai W
KW
Müller
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D057228:Masculinity; D011908:Rationalization; D012574:Schools; D066262:Social Norms; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult