Parasitic Reactions in Nanosized Silicon Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.
When designing nano-Si electrodes for lithium-ion batteries, the detrimental effect of the c-Li15Si4phase formed upon full lithiation is often a concern. In this study, Si nanoparticles with controlled particle sizes and morphology were synthesized, and parasitic reactions of the metastable c-Li15Si4phase with the nonaqueous electrolyte was investigated. The use of smaller Si nanoparticles (∼60 nm) and the addition of fluoroethylene carbonate additive played decisive roles in the parasitic reactions such that the c-Li15Si4phase could disappear at the end of lithiation. This suppression of c-Li15Si4improved the cycle life of the nano-Si electrodes but with a little loss of specific capacity. In addition, the characteristic c-Li15Si4peak in the differential capacity (dQ/dV) plots can be used as an early-stage indicator of cell capacity fade during cycling. Our findings can contribute to the design guidelines of Si electrodes and allow us to quantify another factor to the performance of the Si electrodes.
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Han
H
Gao
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Lisong
L
Xiao
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Ingo
I
Plümel
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Gui-Liang
GL
Xu
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Yang
Y
Ren
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Xiaobing
X
Zuo
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Yuzi
Y
Liu
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Christof
C
Schulz
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Hartmut
H
Wiggers
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Khalil
0000-0001-9206-3719
K
Amine
Chemical Science and Engineering Division, ‡X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, and §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids (IVG), and ⊥Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg 47057, Germany.
Zonghai
0000-0001-5371-9463
Z
Chen
Lithium-ion battery; interfacial reaction; leakage current; parasitic reaction; silicon nanoparticles