Enzymatic production and emission of floral scent volatiles in Jasminum sambac.
Floral scent composed of low molecular weight volatile organic compounds. The sweet fragrance of any evening blooming flower is dominated by benzenoid and terpenoid volatile compounds. Floral scent of Jasminum sambac (Oleaceae) includes three major benzenoid esters - benzylacetate, methylbenzoate, and methylsalicylate and three major terpene compounds viz. (E)-β-ocimene, linalool and α-farnesene. We analyzed concentrations and emission rates of benzenoids and terpenoids during the developmental stages of J. sambac flower. In addition to spatial emission from different floral parts, we studied the time-course mRNA accumulations of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and the two representative genes of terpenoid pathway, namely 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) and terpene synthase (TPS). Further, in vitro activities of several enzymes of phenylpropanoid/benzenoid pathway viz., PAL and acetyl-coenzyme A: benzylalcohol acetyltransferase (BEAT), S-adenosyl-l-methionine: benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (BAMT) and S-adenosyl-l-methionine: salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase (SAMT) were studied. All the above enzyme activities along with the in vitro activities of DXR and TPS were found to follow a certain rhythm as observed in the emission of different benzenoid and terpenoid compounds. Linalool emission peaked after petal opening and coincided with maximal expression of JsTPS gene as evidenced from RT-PCR analyses (semi-quantitative). The maximum transcript accumulation of this gene was observed in flower petals, indicating that the petals of J. sambac flower play an important role as a major contributor of volatile precursors. The transcripts accumulation of JsDXR and JsTPS in different developmental stages and in different floral part showed that emissions of terpenoid volatiles in J. sambac flower are partially regulated at transcription levels.
Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, India.
Paramita
P
Bera
Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, India.
Chiranjit
C
Mukherjee
Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, India. Electronic address: adin@iitkgp.ac.in.
Adinpunya
A
Mitra
D019747:Aldose-Ketose Isomerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035264:Flowers / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D031660:Jasminum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D009812:Odorants; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*
D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013729:Terpenes; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; C114231:1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase; D008780:Methyltransferases; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; C108877:terpene synthase; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase; D019747:Aldose-Ketose Isomerases
1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase; Acetyl-coenzyme A: benzylalcohol acetyltransferase; Benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase; Benzylacetate; Jasminum sambac; Linalool; Methylbenzoate; Methylsalicylate; Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; S-Adenosyl-l-methionine; Salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase; Terpene synthase