Zwitterionic gold nanorods: low toxicity and high photothermal efficacy for cancer therapy.
Novel "zwitterionic" gold nanorods (Au NRs) were constructed through a facile ligand exchange process between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-Au NRs and the zwitterionic block polymer {poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosohorylcholine)-b-poly(lipoic methacrylate) (pMPC-b-pLA)}. In vitro, they exhibited low dark cytotoxicity and a high therapeutic efficacy to cancer cells. Their blood circulation half-life in vivo (t1/2, ∼10 h) was 20-fold longer than that of CTAB-Au NRs (t1/2, <30 min). After intravenous administration, they accumulated in tumour sites via an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and enabled destruction of human xenograft tumours in mice after exposure of the tumour location to NIR laser irradiation at 808 nm. These studies showed that the "zwitterionic" Au NRs had low toxicity and high photothermal efficacy both in vitro and in vivo due to the suprahydrophilic, biocompatible zwitterionic polymer coating layer. They may have the potential to be a promising NIR PTT agent in the biomedical field.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China. jinxin@iccas.ac.cn.
Huangyong
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-9406
H
Jiang
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China. jinxin@iccas.ac.cn.
Dong
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3197-2745
D
Chen
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China. jinxin@iccas.ac.cn.
Dongbo
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3064-3969
D
Guo
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China. jinxin@iccas.ac.cn.
Nan
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2068-9437
N
Wang
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China. jinxin@iccas.ac.cn.
Yue
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6136-6108
Y
Su
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China. jinxin@iccas.ac.cn.
Xin
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1779-6407
X
Jin
Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China. tgs@sjtu.edu.cn.
Gangsheng
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-3406
G
Tong
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China. jinxin@iccas.ac.cn.
Xinyuan
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2891-837X
X
Zhu
D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C115766:poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl-phosphorylcholine); D010767:Phosphorylcholine; D006046:Gold; D000077286:Cetrimonium