Production of soluble microbial products in aerobic granular sludge system under the stress of toxic 4-chlorophenol.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of toxic 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) on the production of soluble microbial products (SMP) in an aerobic granular sludge system. Compared with the control experiment, [Formula: see text] removal efficiency generally reduced by 37.90% after the exposure of 4-CP of 10 mg L-1, indicating that 4-CP had a toxic effect on the performance of biological nitrification. Meanwhile, the contents of polysaccharides and proteins (PN) of SMP increased from 31.0 ± 0.32 and 0.8 ± 0.12 mg L-1to 39.0 ± 0.56 and 61.70 ± 0.78 mg L-1, respectively. Specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) showed that the values of (SOUR)H, [Formula: see text]and [Formula: see text] reduced by 27%, 48% and 41% in the presence of 4-CP. The characteristic and chemical components of SMP were assessed by using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM), synchronous fluorescence spectra, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS), scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy . 3D-EEM implied that SMP were mainly composed of tryptophan PN-like, aromatic PN-like and humic acid-like substances after 4-CP exposure. Synchronous fluorescence spectra coupled with 2D-COS suggested that SMP samples changed in the following sequences: PN-like substances > humic acid-like substances in the absence of 4-CP, and shorter wavelength > longer wavelength in PN-like substances in the presence of 4-CP.
a School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.
Heng
H
Dong
a School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.
Dong
D
Wei
a School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.
Siyu
S
Wang
a School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.|c Shan Dong Lan Xi Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd , Jinan , People's Republic of China.
Xiaodong
X
Wang
a School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.
Tao
T
Yan
a School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.
Liangguo
L
Yan
a School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.|b Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.
Bin
B
Du
b Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China.
Qin
Q
Wei
D000332:Aerobiosis; D019149:Bioreactors; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D058465:Nitrification; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
D002733:Chlorophenols; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C029107:4-chlorophenol
4-chlorophenol; Aerobic granular sludge; soluble microbial products (SMP); three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM); two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS)