Graphene-Based "Hot Plate" for the Capture and Destruction of the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1.
The study of graphene-based antivirals is still at a nascent stage and the photothermal antiviral properties of graphene have yet to be studied. Here, we design and synthesize sulfonated magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with reduced graphene oxide (SMRGO) to capture and photothermally destroy herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Graphene sheets were uniformly anchored with spherical magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of varying size between ∼5 and 25 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the sulfonation and anchoring of MNPs on the graphene sheets. Upon irradiation of the composite with near-infrared light (NIR, 808 nm, 7 min), SMRGO (100 ppm) demonstrated superior (∼99.99%) photothermal antiviral activity. This was probably due to the capture efficiency, unique sheet-like structure, high surface area, and excellent photothermal properties of graphene. In addition, electrostatic interactions of MNPs with viral particles appear to play a vital role in the inhibition of viral infection. These results suggest that graphene composites may help to combat viral infections including, but not only, HSV-1.
Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
Archana R
AR
Deokar
Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
Anjani P
AP
Nagvenkar
The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Inna
I
Kalt
Department of Physics and Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Lior
L
Shani
Department of Physics and Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Yosef
Y
Yeshurun
Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
Aharon
0000-0002-1243-2957
A
Gedanken
The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Ronit
R
Sarid
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006108:Graphite / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D055672:Static Electricity; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D014709:Vero Cells; D014771:Virion / Q000737:chemistry; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D006108:Graphite