Validation of the OECD reproduction test guideline with the New Zealand mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum using trenbolone and prochloraz.
The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) provides several standard test methods for the environmental hazard assessment of chemicals, mainly based on primary producers, arthropods, and fish. In April 2016, two new test guidelines with two mollusc species representing different reproductive strategies were approved by OECD member countries. One test guideline describes a 28-day reproduction test with the parthenogenetic New Zealand mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum. The main endpoint of the test is reproduction, reflected by the embryo number in the brood pouch per female. The development of a new OECD test guideline involves several phases including inter-laboratory validation studies to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed test design and the reproducibility of the test results. Therefore, a ring test of the reproduction test with P. antipodarum was conducted including eight laboratories with the test substances trenbolone and prochloraz and results are presented here. Most laboratories could meet test validity criteria, thus demonstrating the robustness of the proposed test protocol. Trenbolone did not have an effect on the reproduction of the snails at the tested concentration range (nominal: 10-1000 ng/L). For prochloraz, laboratories produced similar EC10and NOEC values, showing the inter-laboratory reproducibility of results. The average EC10and NOEC values for reproduction (with coefficient of variation) were 26.2 µg/L (61.7%) and 29.7 µg/L (32.9%), respectively. This ring test shows that the mudsnail reproduction test is a well-suited tool for use in the chronic aquatic hazard and risk assessment of chemicals.
Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany. geiss@bio.uni-frankfurt.de.
Cornelia
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9516-8719
C
Geiß
Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany.
Katharina
K
Ruppert
Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, NR33 OHT, UK.
Clare
C
Askem
Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal.
Carlos
C
Barroso
Bayer CropScience AG, Environmental Safety/Ecotoxicology, Alfred-Nobel-Str. 50, Monheim am Rhein, 40789, Germany.
Daniel
D
Faber
INRA, UMR Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Agrocampus Ouest, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, CS 84215, Rennes Cedex, F-35042, France.
Virginie
V
Ducrot
Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
Henrik
H
Holbech
University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
Thomas H
TH
Hutchinson
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti, 15140, Finland.
Paula
P
Kajankari
Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
Karin Lund
KL
Kinnberg
INRA, UMR Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Agrocampus Ouest, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, CS 84215, Rennes Cedex, F-35042, France.
Laurent
L
Lagadic
Old School House, Brow Edge, Backbarrow, Ulverston, Cumbria, LA128QX, UK.
Peter
P
Matthiessen
Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, NR33 OHT, UK.
Steve
S
Morris
Department of Biology, University of Iowa, 143 Biology Building, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA.
Maurine
M
Neiman
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti, 15140, Finland.
Olli-Pekka
OP
Penttinen
Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal.|University of Vigo, ECIMAT, Illa de Toralla s/n, 36331 Coruxo-Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
Paula
P
Sanchez-Marin
Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Auf dem Aberg 1, Schmallenberg, 57392, Germany.
Matthias
M
Teigeler
BASF SE, Crop Protection - Ecotoxicology, Speyerer Straße 2, Limburgerhof, 67117, Germany.
Lennart
L
Weltje
Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany.
Jörg
J
Oehlmann
D045930:Anabolic Agents; D000818:Animals; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000633:toxicity; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D009520:New Zealand; D066150:Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D012908:Snails / Q000502:physiology*; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014204:Trenbolone Acetate / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D045930:Anabolic Agents; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D007093:Imidazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C045362:prochloraz; D014204:Trenbolone Acetate
Endocrine disruption; Fecundity; Gastropod; Mollusc; Standardisation; Toxicity