The effect of p-nitrophenol toward the structural characteristics and antioxidant activity of oil palm fronds (OPF) lignin polymers.
This article reports on the structural characteristics and antioxidant activity of unmodified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolv lignin (AH EOL) extracted from oil palm fronds (OPF) and modified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolv lignin via incorporation of p-nitrophenol (AHNP EOL). The isolated lignin were analyzed by FTIR,1H and13C NMR spectroscopy, 2D NMR; HSQC and HMBC, CHN analysis, molecular weight distribution using GPC analyzer, thermal analysis; TGA and DSC. The chemical modification by utilizing an organic scavenger during delignification process provided smaller lignin fragments and enhanced the solubility of lignin by reducing its hydrophobicity properties. It was revealed that the antioxidant properties increased as compared to the unmodified organosolv lignin. Additionally, the modified lignin has better solubility in water (DAHNP EOL=35%>DAH EOL=25%).
Lignocellulosic & Materials Technology Research Group, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
Nurul Atiqah
NA
Sa'don
Lignocellulosic & Materials Technology Research Group, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
Afidah Abdul
AA
Rahim
Lignocellulosic & Materials Technology Research Group, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia. Electronic address: mhh@usm.my.
M Hazwan
MH
Hussin
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D000975:Antioxidants; D001704:Biopolymers; D009596:Nitrophenols; D010938:Plant Oils; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol; D000073878:Palm Oil; D008031:Lignin; C024836:4-nitrophenol
Antioxidant; Oil palm fronds; Organosolv lignin