The relationship between insulin resistance and periodontitis is not affected by Mediterranean diet in a Spanish population.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the insulin resistance measured by surrogate indices in subjects with and without periodontitis and to find out any correlation among dietary intake with insulin resistance.


METHODS
Fifty-five patients were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Insulin resistance measured by the homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index moreover glycaemia, creatinine, uric acid, high density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins and triglycerides among others. True periodontal disease was elucidated through the examination of probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, recession of the gingival margin and gingival bleeding. The statistical analyses used were the student's T-test for independent variables, Kolmogorov-Smirnov if variations were homogeneous; if not, the Mann-Whitney U Test was applied instead. Correlations between variables were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients. True periodontal disease was confirmed through the greater values of probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival margin and gingival bleeding in the periodontitis group in comparison with non-periodontitis group.


RESULTS
Insulin resistance was evidenced by the greater values of HOMA-IR as well as by the lower quantitative insulin sensitivity check index values in the periodontitis group. Fasting insulin, glucose, uric acid, creatinine, low density lipoproteins, triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein levels were significant higher in periodontitis group. Pearson's correlations did not show any association among diet data and insulin resistance parameters in periodontitis patients.


CONCLUSIONS
A putative systemic relationship between insulin resistance and periodontitis exists but it does not seem conceivable any effect of diet over such relationship.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
M
M
Pulido-Moran
Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
P
P
Bullon
Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
J M
JM
Morillo
Department of Biochemistry, Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.
M
M
Battino
Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
J L
JL
Quiles
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: mramirez@ugr.es.
MCarmen
M
Ramirez-Tortosa
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications*; D013030:Spain
D015415:Biomarkers
HOMA-IR; Insulin sensitivity; Nutrition; Periodontal disease; QUICKI