The therapeutic contribution of nanomedicine to treat neurodegenerative diseases via neural stem cell differentiation.
The discovery of adult neurogenesis drastically changed the therapeutic approaches of central nervous system regenerative medicine. The stimulation of this physiologic process can increase memory and motor performances in patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases. Neural stem cells contribute to the neurogenesis process through their differentiation into specialized neuronal cells. In this review, we describe the most important methods developed to restore neurological functions via neural stem cell differentiation. In particular, we focused on the role of nanomedicine. The application of nanostructured scaffolds, nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, and nanotechnology-based real-time imaging has significantly improved the safety and the efficacy of neural stem cell-based treatments. This review provides a comprehensive background on the contribution of nanomedicine to the modulation of neurogenesis via neural stem cell differentiation.
Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Université d'Angers, Unité Micro et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques, MINT, Institut de Biologie en Santé PBH-IRIS, 49033 Angers, France.
Dario
D
Carradori
Université d'Angers, Unité Micro et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques, MINT, Institut de Biologie en Santé PBH-IRIS, 49033 Angers, France.
Joel
J
Eyer
Université d'Angers, Unité Micro et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques, MINT, Institut de Biologie en Santé PBH-IRIS, 49033 Angers, France.
Patrick
P
Saulnier
Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Véronique
V
Préat
Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Université Catholique de Louvain, Institute of Materials and Condensed Matter, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Electronic address: anne.desrieux@uclouvain.be.
Anne
A
des Rieux
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D053769:Nanocapsules
Nanomedicine; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Neural stem cell differentiation; Neurodegenerative disease; Neurogenesis