Human and rat gut microbiome composition is maintained following sleep restriction.
Insufficient sleep increasingly characterizes modern society, contributing to a host of serious medical problems. Loss of sleep is associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological and cognitive impairments. Shifts in gut microbiome composition have also been associated with the same pathologies; therefore, we hypothesized that sleep restriction may perturb the gut microbiome to contribute to a disease state. In this study, we examined the fecal microbiome by using a cross-species approach in both rat and human studies of sleep restriction. We used DNA from hypervariable regions (V1-V2) of 16S bacteria rRNA to define operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the microbiome. Although the OTU richness of the microbiome is decreased by sleep restriction in rats, major microbial populations are not altered. Only a single OTU, TM7-3a, was found to increase with sleep restriction of rats. In the human microbiome, we find no overt changes in the richness or composition induced by sleep restriction. Together, these results suggest that the microbiome is largely resistant to changes during sleep restriction.
Chronobiology Program, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.|Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.|Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Shirley L
SL
Zhang
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Lei
L
Bai
Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.|Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Namni
N
Goel
Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Aubrey
A
Bailey
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Christopher J
CJ
Jang
Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Frederic D
FD
Bushman
Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9702 Groningen, The Netherlands.
Peter
P
Meerlo
Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
David F
DF
Dinges
Chronobiology Program, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; amita@mail.med.upenn.edu.|Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Amita
A
Sehgal
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000302:isolation & purification; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology*
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
cognition; gut; microbiome; sleep deprivation; sleep restriction