CYP4Z1 - A Human Cytochrome P450 Enzyme that Might Hold the Key to Curing Breast Cancer.
The human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme CYP4Z1 is a fatty acid hydroxylase which among human CYPs is unique for being much stronger expressed in the mammary gland than in all other tissues. Moreover, it is strongly overexpressed in all subtypes of breast cancer, and some overexpression has also been found in other types of malignancies, such as ovarian, lung, and prostate cancers, respectively. Due to its unique expression pattern it is conceivable that this enzymes' activity might be exploited for a new therapeutic approach. However, the main challenge for a CYP4Z1-based prodrug strategy (CBPS) for the treatment of breast cancer (and possibly other CYP4Z1-positive malignancies) is the identification of candidate prodrugs that can be activated by this enzyme. In this mini-review we summarize the current knowledge about the enzymatic properties of the CYP4Z1 enzyme as well as on the expression pattern of the CYP4Z1 gene in both normal and cancer cells. Moreover, we present the first homology model of this enzyme and give an outlook on its potential use in cancer treatment strategies.
School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (SPST), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Xu
X
Yang
Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Michael
M
Hutter
School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (SPST), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Wilson Wen Bin
WWB
Goh
School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (SPST), Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
Matthias
M
Bureik
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072470:Cytochrome P450 Family 4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000494:pharmacology
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011355:Prodrugs; C485207:CYP4Z1 protein, human; D000072470:Cytochrome P450 Family 4
Breast cancer; CYP4Z1; fatty acid hydroxylation; homology model; monooxygenase; prodrug.