[Abdominal obesity and other cardiometabolic risk biomarkers: influence of socioeconomic status and lifestyle on two African-origin population groups, Cotonou (Benin) and Port-au-Prince (Haiti)].
BACKGROUND
Increased cardio metabolic risk (CMR) in low- and middle-income countries is largely due to rapid nutrition transition. We conducted a study of two African-origin populations groups living, however, in widely different settings. It aimed to assess the relationship between lifestyle and CMR biomarkers as well as between abdominal obesity (AO) and other biomarkers.


METHODS
The study included 200 Benineses from Cotonou and 252 Haitians from Port-with-Prince (PAP) aged between 25 to 60 years and apparently in good health. AO was specifically defined as waist circumference ≥ 88cm (men) and ≥ 95 cm (women). Other most common biomarkers were: high total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio, high blood pressure and insulin resistance by HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assessement). Socioeconomic status, diet, alcohol and tobacco were documented by questionnaire. Two dietary patterns emerged from cluster analysis, one traditional and the other "transitional" with increasing frequency of western foods.


RESULTS
Socioeconomic status, consumption of alcohol and nicotinism were associated with CMR, but not the food diagram. AO was associated with other CMR markers, with no marked effect of socioeconomic status and lifestyle variables.


CONCLUSIONS
Specific TT threshold values are confirmed as socioeconomic status and lifestyle have an impact on CMR, but not the relationship between AO and other CMR biomarkers.
TRANSNUT, Centre Collaborateur de l'OMS sur la Transition Nutritionnelle, Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Asma El
AE
Mabchour
TRANSNUT, Centre Collaborateur de l'OMS sur la Transition Nutritionnelle, Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Hélène
H
Delisle
Fondation Haïtienne de Diabète et des Maladies Cardiovasculaires (FHADIMAC), Port-au-Prince, Haïti.
Colette
C
Vilgrain
Fondation Haïtienne de Diabète et des Maladies Cardiovasculaires (FHADIMAC), Port-au-Prince, Haïti.
Phillipe
P
Larco
Organisation Ouest Africaine de la Santé (OOAS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Roger
R
Sodjinou
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001541:Benin / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D044383:Black People; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006205:Haiti / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology
D015415:Biomarkers
Abdominal obesity; Africa; Caribbean; cardiometabolic risk; nutrition transition; waistline-threshold values