Trophic transfer of hexabromocyclododecane in the terrestrial and aquatic food webs from an e-waste dismantling region in East China.
Trophic transfer of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) was investigated in both the terrestrial and aquatic food webs from an e-waste dismantling region in East China. The mean Σ3HBCD concentrations in the terrestrial species varied from 0.91 (0.16-1.85) ng g-1lipid weight (lw) in dragonflies (Pantala flavescens) to 40.3 (22.1-51.1) ng g-1lw in rats (Rattus norvegicus). The isomeric profile indicated that α-HBCD presented a decreasing trend along the trophic level (TL) (from 97.2% to 16.3% of Σ3HBCDs), while γ-HBCD showed a reverse trend (from 2.8% to 73.6% of Σ3HBCDs). The trophic magnification factor (TMF) derived from the slope of the regression line between TLs and ln-transferred Σ3HBCDs was 0.10, suggesting a trophic dilution of HBCD in the terrestrial food web. By contrast, in the aquatic species, Σ3HBCD concentrations varied from 5.02 (3.5-6.55) ng g-1lw in apple snails (Ampullaria gigas spix) to 45.9 (14.9-67.8) ng g-1lw in grass carps (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). α-HBCD was the dominant isomer, followed by γ-HBCD in the majority of species. A positive linear relationship was observed in the plots of ln Σ3HBCDs versus TLs (R2= 0.81, p = 0.06). The TMF for Σ3HBCDs was 6.36, indicating a trophic magnification of HBCD in the aquatic food web. Although these results demonstrated the distinct trophic transfer of Σ3HBCDs in different ecosystems, further research is needed to eliminate the uncertainty of the tendencies, due to the non-significant relationship and limited species.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. qhzhang@rcees.ac.cn and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution Control, National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing 100029, China.
Chaofei
C
Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. qhzhang@rcees.ac.cn.
Pu
P
Wang
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. qhzhang@rcees.ac.cn.
Yingming
Y
Li
Shandong Academy of Environmental Science, Environmental Test Center, Jinan 250013, China.
Zhaojing
Z
Chen
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. qhzhang@rcees.ac.cn.
Honghua
H
Li
Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
Patrick
P
Ssebugere
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. qhzhang@rcees.ac.cn and Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Qinghua
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5591-9776
Q
Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. qhzhang@rcees.ac.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Guibin
G
Jiang
D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps; D002681:China; D059029:Electronic Waste; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D020387:Food Chain; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000378:metabolism*; D007313:Insecta; D051381:Rats; D012908:Snails; D018505:Waste Management
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane