Comparative evaluation of tooth substance loss and its correlation with the abrasivity and chemical composition of different dentifrices.
BACKGROUND
In India, teeth cleaning with tooth powder is common in rural and semi-urban areas. These dentifrices may contain low-quality abrasives, which may have a deleterious effect on dental hard tissues.


OBJECTIVE
This study aims to evaluate the tooth substance loss caused by different dentifrices and to correlate it with chemical composition, size, and shape of abrasives used.


METHODS
An indigenously made automated machine was used for brushing the specimens.


METHODS
Sixty-four freshly extracted premolars were allocated to eight groups (n = 8). Colgate toothpaste was used as the control group. Each specimen was brushed in a vertical motion for 2½ h at 200 strokes/min with a constant applied load of 200 g corresponding to 6-month brushing. The difference in weight (pre- and post-brushing) was determined by an analytical weighing machine. Chemical analysis was done to determine the presence of iron oxide by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry method. Shape and size of the abrasive particles was evaluated under scanning electron microscopy (SEM).


METHODS
One-way analysis of variance and Paired t-test were used to analyze the data.


RESULTS
Tooth substance loss was maximum in the group brushed with red tooth powder, which was shown to contain the highest amount of iron oxide and also exhibited large, irregularly shaped abrasive particles under SEM.


CONCLUSIONS
Tooth substance loss was documented to be correlated with chemical composition (iron oxide) and the size and shape of abrasive particles used in dentifrices.
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Ram Prakash
RP
Singh
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Sidhartha
S
Sharma
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Ajay
A
Logani
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Naseem
N
Shah
Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Surendra
S
Singh
D001641:Bicuspid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D002606:Charcoal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007194:India; D008422:Materials Testing; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000209:etiology*; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry*
D003802:Dentifrices; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D014100:Toothpastes; D002606:Charcoal; C000499:ferric oxide; D002119:Calcium Carbonate