Effects of acute and chronic exercise on the osmotic stability of erythrocyte membrane of competitive swimmers.
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of acute and chronic exercise on erythrocyte membrane stability and various blood indices in a population consisting of five national-level male swimmers, over 18 weeks of training. The evaluations were made at the beginning and end of the 1st, 7th, 13th and 18th weeks, when volume and training intensity have changed. The effects manifested at the beginning of those weeks were considered due to chronic adaptations, while the effects observed at the end of the weeks were considered due to acute manifestations of the exercise load of that week. Acute changes resulting from the exercise comprised increases in creatine kinase activity (CK) and leukocyte count (Leu), and decrease in hematocrit (Ht) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), at the end of the first week; increase in the activities of CK and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), in the uric acid (UA) concentration and Leu count, at the end of the seventh week; increases in CK and LDH activities and in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), at the end of the 13th week; and decrease in the value of the osmotic stability index 1/H50 and increases in the CK activity and platelets (Plt) count, at the end of the 18th week. Chronic changes due to training comprised increase in the values of 1/H50, CK, LDH, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum iron (Fe), MCV and Plt. Although acute training has resulted in decrease in the osmotic stability of erythrocytes, possibly associated with exacerbation of the oxidative processes during intense exercise, chronic training over 18 weeks resulted in increased osmotic stability of erythrocytes, possibly by modulation in the membrane cholesterol content by low and high density lipoproteins.
Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Lara Ferreira
LF
Paraiso
Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Ana Flávia Mayrink
AF
Gonçalves-E-Oliveira
Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Lucas Moreira
LM
Cunha
Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.
Omar Pereira
OP
de Almeida Neto
Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Adriana Garcia
AG
Pacheco
Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Karinne Beatriz Gonçalves
KB
Araújo
Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Mário da Silva
MD
Garrote-Filho
Department of Basic and Environmental Sciences, University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil.
Morun
M
Bernardino Neto
Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Nilson
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8205-6213
N
Penha-Silva
D056352:Athletes; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004909:Erythrocyte Indices / Q000502:physiology; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009996:Osmotic Fragility / Q000502:physiology; D010976:Platelet Count; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
D014527:Uric Acid; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D003402:Creatine Kinase