Three new karst-dwellingCnemaspisStrauch, 1887 (Squamata; Gekkoniade) from Peninsular Thailand and the phylogenetic placement ofC. punctatonuchalisandC. vandeventeri.
Three new species of Rock GeckosCnemaspis lineogularissp. nov.,C. phangngaensissp. nov., andC. thachanaensissp. nov. of thechanthaburiensisandsiamensisgroups are described from the Thai portion of the Thai-Malay Peninsula. These new species are distinguished from all other species in their two respective groups based on a unique combination of morphological characteristics, which is further supported by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (ND2).Cnemaspis lineogularissp. nov. is differentiated from all other species in thechanthaburiensisgroup by having a smaller maximum SVL 38 mm, 13 paravertebral tubercles, enlarged femoral scales, no caudal bands, and a 19.5-23.0% pairwise sequence divergence (ND2).Cnemaspis phangngaensissp. nov. is differentiated from all other species in the siamensis group by having the unique combination of 10 infralabial scales, four continuous pore-bearing precloacal scales, paravertebral tubercles linearly arranged, lacking tubercles on the lower flanks, having ventrolateral caudal tubercles anteriorly present, caudal tubercles restricted to a single paraveterbral row on each side, a single median row of keeled subcaudals, and a 8.8-25.2% pairwise sequence divergence (ND2).Cnemaspis thachanaensissp. nov. is distinguished from all other species in the siamensis group by having 10 or 11 supralabial scales 9-11 infralabial scales, paravertebral tubercles linearly arranged, ventrolateral caudal tubercles anteriorly, caudal tubercles restricted to a single paravertebral row on each side, a single median row of keeled subcaudal scales, lacking a single enlarged subcaudal scale row, lacking postcloaclal tubercles in males, the presence of an enlarged submetatarsal scale at the base if the 1st toe, and a 13.4-28.8% pairwise sequence divergence (ND2). The new phylogenetic analyses placeC. punctatonuchalisandC. vandeventeriin the siamensis group withC. punctatonuchalisas the sister species toC. huaseesomandC. vandeventerias the sister species toC. siamensis, corroborating previous hypotheses based on morphology. The discovery of three new karst-dwelling endemics brings the total number of nominal ThaiCnemaspisspecies to 15 and underscores the need for continued field research in poorly known areas of the Thai-Malay Peninsula, especially those that are threatened and often overlooked as biodiversity hot spots.
Department of Biology and Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University , Provo , UT , United States.
Perry Lee
PL
Wood
Department of Biology, La Sierra University , Riverside , CA , United States.
L Lee
LL
Grismer
Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Kasetsart University , Chatuchak, Bangkok , Thailand.
Anchalee
A
Aowphol
Department of Biology and Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University , Provo , UT , United States.
César A
CA
Aguilar
Natural History Museum, National Science Museum, Thailand, Technopolis, Khlong 5, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand; Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Institute for Research and Development, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand.
Micheal
M
Cota
Department of Biology, La Sierra University , Riverside , CA , United States.
Marta S
MS
Grismer
Department of Biology, La Sierra University , Riverside , CA , United States.
Matthew L
ML
Murdoch
Department of Biology and Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University , Provo , UT , United States.
Jack W
JW
Sites
Limestone forests; Malay peninsula; chanthaburiensis group; siamensis group