Stroke With Unknown Time of Symptom Onset: Baseline Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data of the First Thousand Patients in WAKE-UP (Efficacy and Safety of MRI-Based Thrombolysis in Wake-Up Stroke: A Randomized, Doubleblind, Placebo-Controlled Trial).
We describe clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of stroke patients with unknown time of symptom onset potentially eligible for thrombolysis from a large prospective cohort.



We analyzed baseline data from WAKE-UP (Efficacy and Safety of MRI-Based Thrombolysis in Wake-Up Stroke: A Randomized, Doubleblind, Placebo-Controlled Trial), an investigator-initiated, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of MRI-based thrombolysis in stroke patients with unknown time of symptom onset. MRI judgment included assessment of the mismatch between visibility of the acute ischemic lesion on diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery.



Of 1005 patients included, diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery mismatch was present in 479 patients (48.0%). Patients with daytime-unwitnessed stroke (n=138, 13.7%) had a shorter delay between symptom recognition and hospital arrival (1.5 versus 1.8 hours;P=0.002), a higher National Institutes of Stroke Scale score on admission (8 versus 6;P<0.001), and more often aphasia (72.5% versus 34.0%;P<0.001) when compared with stroke patients waking up from nighttime sleep. Frequency of diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery mismatch was comparable between both groups (43.7% versus 48.7%;P=0.30).



Almost half of the patients with unknown time of symptom onset stroke otherwise eligible for thrombolysis had MRI findings making them likely to be within a time window for safe and effective thrombolysis. Patients with daytime onset unwitnessed stroke differ from wake-up stroke patients with regards to clinical characteristics but are comparable in terms of MRI characteristics of lesion age.



URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01525290. URL: https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu. Unique identifier: 2011-005906-32.
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.). thomalla@uke.de.
Götz
G
Thomalla
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Florent
F
Boutitie
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Jochen B
JB
Fiebach
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Claus Z
CZ
Simonsen
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Norbert
N
Nighoghossian
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Salvador
S
Pedraza
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Robin
R
Lemmens
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Pascal
P
Roy
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Keith W
KW
Muir
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Martin
M
Ebinger
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Ian
I
Ford
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Bastian
B
Cheng
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Ivana
I
Galinovic
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Tae-Hee
TH
Cho
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Josep
J
Puig
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Vincent
V
Thijs
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Matthias
M
Endres
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Jens
J
Fiehler
From the Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum (G.T., B.C., C.G.) and Klinik und Poliklinik für Neuroradiologische Diagnostik und Intervention, Diagnostikzentrum (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (F.B., P.R.); Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France (F.B., P.R.); Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB) (J.B.F., I.G., M. Ebinger, M. Endres) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Ebinger, M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (C.Z.S.); Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (N.N., T.-H.C.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investgació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Spain (S.P., J.P.); Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (R.L.); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (K.W.M.) and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (V.T.).
Christian
C
Gerloff
D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors
D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents
aphasia; informed consent; magnetic resonance imaging; risk factors; stroke