Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 and platelet-derived growth factor-BB for localized bone regeneration. Histologic and radiographic outcomes of a rabbit study.
OBJECTIVE
Improvement in localized bone regeneration is needed to avoid the use of autogenous tissue. For that purpose, the use biologic mediators was proposed. The aim was to test whether or not one of two biologic mediators, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) or recombinant platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF-BB), is superior to the other and to control groups for localized bone regeneration.


METHODS
Four cylinders (height: 5 mm; diameter: 7 mm) were screwed on the parietal and frontal bones at the cranium in 12 rabbits. The cylinders either received (i) deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) mixed rhBMP-2 (DBBM/BMP-2), (ii) DBBM mixed with rhPDGF-BB (DBBM/PDGF), (iii) DBBM (DBBM), and (iv) empty control (control). Rabbits were euthanized at 2 and 8 weeks (n = 6, respectively). Conventional histomorphometric and micro-CT analyses were performed. Parametric linear mixed models were applied for the analyses with Bonferroni correction for the multiple group comparisons.


RESULTS
The area of bone regeneration (histology; AAHisto) at 2 weeks peaked for DBBM (41.91%) with statistically significantly greater values compared to DBBM/PDGF and the control group (P < 0.05). At 8 weeks, mean AAHistovalues were 96.29% (DBBM/BMP-2), 46.37% (DBBM/PDFG), 39.66% (DBBM), and 35.98% (control) (DBBM/BMP-2 vs. all groups (P < 0.05)). At 8 weeks, bone regeneration was greatest for DBBM/BMP-2 (35.62%) with statistically significant differences compared to all other groups (P < 0.05). The area of bone regeneration (micro-CT; AAm-CT) at 2 weeks amounted to 43.87% (DBBM/BMP-2), 42.81% (DBBM/PDFG), 48.71% (DBBM), and 0.96% (control). The control group demonstrated statistically significantly less AAm-CTcompared to all groups (P < 0.05). At 8 weeks, mean AAm-CTvalues were 63.65% (DBBM/BMP-2), 50.21% (DBBM/PDFG), 44.81% (DBBM), and 4.57% (control) (P > 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The use of rhBMP-2 significantly enhanced bone regeneration compared to all other groups including the group with rhPDGF-BB.
Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Daniel S
DS
Thoma
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Hyun-Chang
HC
Lim
Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Vitor M
VM
Sapata
Department of Periodontology, Yonsei University, College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
Sora R
SR
Yoon
Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Ronald E
RE
Jung
Department of Periodontology, Yonsei University, College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
Ui-Won
UW
Jung
D000818:Animals; D000077214:Becaplermin; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010294:Parietal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000077214:Becaplermin
bone augmentation; bone morphogenetic protein-2; deproteinized bovine bone mineral; platelet-derived growth factor-BB; rhBMP-2; rhPDGF-BB