Dendrimer-protein interactions versus dendrimer-based nanomedicine.
Dendrimers are hyperbranched polymers belonging to the huge class of nanomedical devices. Their wide application in biology and medicine requires understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of their interactions with biological systems. Summarizing, electrostatic force plays the predominant role in dendrimer-protein interactions, especially with charged dendrimers. Other kinds of interactions have been proven, such as H-bonding, van der Waals forces, and even hydrophobic interactions. These interactions depend on the characteristics of both participants: flexibility and surface charge of a dendrimer, rigidity of protein structure and the localization of charged amino acids at its surface. pH and ionic strength of solutions can significantly modulate interactions. Ligands and cofactors attached to a protein can also change dendrimer-protein interactions. Binding of dendrimers to a protein can change its secondary structure, conformation, intramolecular mobility and functional activity. However, this strongly depends on rigidity versus flexibility of a protein's structure. In addition, the potential applications of dendrimers to nanomedicine are reviwed related to dendrimer-protein interactions.
Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus. Electronic address: shcharbin@gmail.com.
Dzmitry
D
Shcharbin
Clinics at the MAZ Company, Minsk, Belarus.
Natallia
N
Shcharbina
Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus.
Volha
V
Dzmitruk
Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Elzbieta
E
Pedziwiatr-Werbicka
Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Maksim
M
Ionov
Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie pharmacologiques et toxicologique, Paris, France.
Serge
S
Mignani
Departamento Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain.
F Javier
FJ
de la Mata
Departamento Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain.
Rafael
R
Gómez
Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain; Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; Spanish HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain.
Maria Angeles
MA
Muñoz-Fernández
Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Jean-Pierre
JP
Majoral
Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Maria
M
Bryszewska
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*
D000596:Amino Acids; D050091:Dendrimers; D011506:Proteins
Dendrimer; Interaction; Mechanisms; Nanomedicine; Protein