Comparative analysis of the mechanical properties of fiber and stainless steel multistranded wires used for lingual fixed retention.
To evaluate the effect of different resins used for the co-polymerization of EverStick fiber-reinforced fixed orthodontic retainer on its mechanical properties and to compare the mechanical properties of these configurations to commonly used multistrand wires.



Ten 0.0175-in. WildCat (WC175), ten 0.0215-in. WildCat (WC215) three-strand twisted wires and thirty EverStick fibers were tested in this study. The EverStcik fibers were equally shared in three groups (n=10). The samples of first group (ESRE) were polymerized employing Stickresin (Light cure enamel adhesives), the second one (ESFT) employing Flow Tain (Light cured composite), whilst the specimens for the third group (ES) were not combined with resin. All samples were loaded in tensile up to fracture in a universal tensile testing machine and the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength and strain after fracture were recorded. The same groups were also tested employing Instrumented Indentation Testing (IIT) and Martens Hardness (HM), Indentation Modulus (EIT) and elastic index (ηIT) were determined. The results of tensile testing and IIT were statistically analyzed employing one way Anova and the Student Newman Keuls test (SNK) at a=0.05 level of significance.



WC175 and WC215 showed higher modulus of elasticity and tensile strength but lower strain after fracture compared to Everstic groups. IIT illustrated significantly higher values for HM, EIT, and ηITfor WC groups compared to ESRE, ESFT and ES. ESFT showed higher HM and elastic index compared to ESRE and ES, a finding which is attributed to the fact the FlowTain is a filler-reinforce composite with higher hardness compared to unfilled resins.



Multistrand wires demonstrated higher values in mechanical properties compared to EverStick ones. The co-polymerization with difference resins does not affect the tensile properties of Everstic, however the use of a light cured composite has a beneficial effect on hardness.
Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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O
Annousaki
Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
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S
Zinelis
Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
G
G
Eliades
Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: theodore.eliades@zzm.uzh.ch.
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T
Eliades
D003188:Composite Resins; D004548:Elasticity; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
D003188:Composite Resins; D013193:Stainless Steel
Fixed retention; Hardness; Mulsistranded wires; Stiffness