Protective Effect of Antioxidants on Neuronal Dysfunction and Plasticity in Huntington's Disease.
Huntington's disease (HD) is characterised by movement disorders, cognitive impairments, and psychiatric problems. The abnormal generation of reactive oxygen species and the resulting oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial damage in neurons upon CAG mutations in theHTTgene have been hypothesized as the contributing factors of neurodegeneration in HD. The potential use of antioxidants against free radical toxicity has been an emerging field in the management of ageing and many neurodegenerative disorders. Neural stem cells derived adult neurogenesis represents the regenerative capacity of the adult brain. The process of adult neurogenesis has been implicated in the cognitive functions of the brain and is highly modulated positively by different factors including antioxidants. The supportive role of antioxidants to reduce the severity of HD via promoting the functional neurogenesis and neuroprotection in the pathological adult brain has great promise. This review comprehends the recent studies describing the therapeutic roles of antioxidants in HD and other neurologic disorders and highlights the scope of using antioxidants to promote adult neurogenesis in HD. It also advocates a new line of research to delineate the mechanisms by which antioxidants promote adult neurogenesis in HD.
Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; DBT Ramalingaswami Re-Entry Fellowship Programme, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), New Delhi, India.
Thirunavukkarasu
T
Velusamy
Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Archana S
AS
Panneerselvam
Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Meera
M
Purushottam
Molecular Gerontology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Muthuswamy
M
Anusuyadevi
Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Pramod Kumar
PK
Pal
Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Sanjeev
S
Jain
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
Musthafa Mohamed
MM
Essa
Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Gilles J
0000-0001-8105-4470
GJ
Guillemin
Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India; UGC-Faculty Recharge Program (UGC-FRP), University Grant Commission, New Delhi, India.
Mahesh
0000-0002-6720-9082
M
Kandasamy
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D006801:Humans; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species