Effects of aerobic exercise training on metabolism of nitric oxide and endothelin-1 in lung parenchyma of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vasoconstriction and proliferative obstruction of pulmonary vessels, which promotes a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). The effect of exercise training on oxidative stress, metabolism, and markers of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) was analyzed in the lung tissue of rats with PAH induced by monocrotaline (MCT).Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into four groups (5-7 animals): sedentary control (SC), sedentary MCT (SM), trained control (TC), and trained MCT (TM). The TC and TM groups participated in a treadmill training protocol (60% VO2max) for 5 weeks, 3 weeks of which were performed after the injection of MCT (60 mg/kg i.p.) or saline. MCT administration promoted an increase in PVR and right ventricle hypertrophy, and reduction of right ventricle systolic function assessed by echocardiography. These changes were not improved by exercise training. The activity of NO synthase was reduced in the animals of the TC, TM, and SM groups. No significant differences were found in total nitrite concentration and expression of endothelial NO synthase. Moreover, the TM group showed strong staining for iNOS and nitrotyrosine, suggesting an increase in oxidative stress in these animals. In parallel, reduced expression of type B ET-1 receptors was noticed in the SM and TM groups in comparison to controls. In conclusion, the aerobic training protocol was unable to mitigate changes in the metabolism of NO and ET-1, probably because of the disease severity in these animals, especially in the TM group.
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Zimmer
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Teixeira
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Bonetto
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Siqueira
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Carraro
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Donatti
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Hickmann
Instituto de Pesquisas Clínicas para Estudos Multicêntricos, da Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
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Litvin
Instituto de Pesquisas Clínicas para Estudos Multicêntricos, da Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
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Godoy
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Araujo
Laboratório de Farmacologia e Fisiologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
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Colombo
Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Sala 344, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. belklein@ufrgs.br.
Adriane
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Belló-Klein
D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D016686:Monocrotaline / Q000009:adverse effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D000072356:Parenchymal Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
D019332:Endothelin-1; D009573:Nitrites; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D016686:Monocrotaline; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat
Aerobic exercise training; Endothelial dysfunction; Monocrotaline; Pulmonary arterial hypertension