Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone with the metabolic syndrome in black South African women.
The relationship between 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and metabolic traits appear to differ among ethnicities and may be influenced by obesity. The aim of the study was to examine the association of serum 25(OH)D or PTH with metabolic syndrome (MetS) while controlling for adiposity in black women. Using a cross-sectional study design, 209 urban black women aged ≥ 43 years from the North West Province, South Africa, were included. Multiple regression models were used to explore the relationship between 25(OH)D or PTH and body composition. To explore the association between 25(OH)D or PTH and MetS, a separate variable was created including at least 3 of the MetS criteria, but excluding elevated waist circumference as a diagnostic criterion in a logistic regression model. The majority of the women (69.9%) were overweight or obese and 65.5% of the women had excessive adiposity using the age-specific cut-off points for body fat percentage. All body composition variables were positively associated with PTH, whereas body mass index and waist circumference, but not body fat percentage, had negative associations with 25(OH)D also after adjusting for confounders. Before and after adjusting for age, body fat, habitual physical activity, tobacco use, season of data collection, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, neither 25(OH)D nor PTH showed significant associations with MetS. Although PTH was positively associated and 25(OH)D was negatively associated with adiposity in black women, there was no association between either 25(OH)D or PTH and MetS in this study population, nor did adiposity influence these relationships.
a Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.|c Department of Life and Consumer Science, University of South Africa.
Olusola Funmilayo
OF
Sotunde
g Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Medical Research Council Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease Research Unit, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
Herculina Salome
HS
Kruger
a Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.|e School of Health and Sports sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia.
Hattie H
HH
Wright
a Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Lize
L
Havemann-Nel
b Hypertension in Africa Research Team, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Carina M C
CM
Mels
h Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Physical activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
Chrisna
C
Ravyse
a Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Marlien
M
Pieters
D015652:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2 / Q000097:blood*; D050154:Adiposity; D044383:Black People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D013020:South America / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health / Q000208:ethnology; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology
C470125:PTH protein, human; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D015652:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; D002112:Calcifediol
25(OH)D; PTH; adiposity; adiposité; metabolic syndrome; obesity; obésité; syndrome métabolique