Porous Zirconium-Furandicarboxylate Microspheres for Efficient Redox Conversion of Biofuranics.
Biofuranic compounds, typically derived from C5and C6carbohydrates, have been extensively studied as promising alternatives to chemicals based on fossil resources. The present work reports the simple assembly of biobased 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) with different metal ions to prepare a range of metal-FDCA hybrids under hydrothermal conditions. The hybrid materials were demonstrated to have porous structure and acid-base bifunctionality. Zr-FDCA-T, in particular, showed a microspheric structure, high thermostability (ca. 400 °C), average pore diameters of approximately 4.7 nm, large density, moderate strength of Lewis-base/acid centers (ca. 1.4 mmol g-1), and a small number of Brønsted-acid sites. This material afforded almost quantitative yields of biofuranic alcohols from the corresponding aldehydes under mild conditions through catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH). Isotopic1H NMR spectroscopy and kinetic studies verified that direct hydride transfer was the dominant pathway and rate-determining step of the CTH. Importantly, the Zr-FDCA-T microspheres could be recycled with no decrease in catalytic performance and little leaching of active sites. Moreover, good yields of C5(i.e., furfural) or C4products [i.e., maleic acid and 2(5H)-furanone] could be obtained from furfuryl alcohol without oxidation of the furan ring over these metal-FDCA hybrids. The content and ratio of Lewis-acid/base sites were demonstrated to dominantly affect the catalytic performance of these redox reactions.
State-Local Joint Engineering Lab for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China.
Hu
H
Li
State-Local Joint Engineering Lab for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China.
Xiaofang
X
Liu
State-Local Joint Engineering Lab for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China.
Tingting
T
Yang
State-Local Joint Engineering Lab for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China.
Wenfeng
W
Zhao
Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali, 160 071, Punjab, India.
Shunmugavel
S
Saravanamurugan
State-Local Joint Engineering Lab for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China.
Song
0000-0003-1301-3030
S
Yang
D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D005663:Furans / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008863:Microspheres; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D016062:Porosity; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D005663:Furans; D015040:Zirconium
acid-base bifunctionality; biomass; furanic compounds; heterogeneous catalysis; renewable materials