History of Bipolar Disorder and the Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
OBJECTIVE
We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether history of bipolar disorder (BD) increases the risk of dementia.


METHODS
We searched PubMed and Scopus to identify studies that evaluated the risk of dementia in individuals with a history of BD. A total of 6 studies including 3,026 individuals with history of BD and 191,029 non-BD individuals were included in the meta-analysis.


RESULTS
History of BD significantly increased the risk of diagnosis of dementia (pooled odds ratio: 2.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.36-4.09; z = 3.07, p < 0.001). Evidence of heterogeneity and of publication bias in the analysis was found.


CONCLUSIONS
History of BD is associated with significantly higher risk of dementia in older adults. Future studies are necessary to evaluate the potential mediators of this association and to evaluate interventions that may reduce the risk of dementia in this population.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX; Harris County Psychiatric Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX. Electronic address: breno.satlerdeoliveiradiniz@uth.tmc.edu.
Breno S
BS
Diniz
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX; Harris County Psychiatric Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX.
Antonio L
AL
Teixeira
Harris County Psychiatric Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX.
Fei
F
Cao
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
Ariel
A
Gildengers
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX; Harris County Psychiatric Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX.
Jair C
JC
Soares
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
Meryl A
MA
Butters
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
Charles F
CF
Reynolds
D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D012306:Risk
Alzheimer disease; Bipolar disorder; dementia; risk factor