Development and application of an in-cell cleanup pressurized liquid extraction with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect prohibited antiviral agents sensitively in livestock and poultry feces.
An in-cell cleanup pressurized liquid extraction was developed to analyze prohibited antiviral agents in livestock and poultry feces. Extraction and cleanup were integrated into one step. The extraction was performed using methanol-acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) with 0.5% glacial acetic acid at 90°C, and 0.75g of PSA was used as the adsorbent during the extraction procedure. Under optimal conditions, the average recoveries for 11 antiviral drugs were 71.5-112.5% at three spiked levels (20, 40, and 100μgkg-1). The detection limits and detection quantitations of the analysis method for the eleven antiviral drugs were 0.6-1.4 and 1.4-4.7μgkg-1, respectively. Finally, the method was applied to analyze amantadine, oseltamivir and its metabolites oseltamivir acid in duck feces based on an experiment of an oral dose of two antiviral drugs in duck. The amantadine, oseltamivir and oseltamivir acid can be detected in feces within approximately four weeks after amantadine and oseltamivir were orally administered. The results indicate that the residue analysis in feces is a noninvasive method to monitor inhibited antiviral agents efficiently in livestock and poultry breeding.
College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
Huizhen
H
Wu
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, MOA Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
Jianmei
J
Wang
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, MOA Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
Hua
H
Yang
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, China.
Guoqin
G
Li
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, MOA Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
Yinhuan
Y
Zeng
College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
Wei
W
Xia
College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China. Electronic address: lzg@zjut.edu.cn.
Zuguang
Z
Li
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, MOA Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, 310021, China. Electronic address: qianmr@mail.zaas.ac.cn.
Mingrong
M
Qian
D000327:Adsorption; D000547:Amantadine / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D058751:Livestock; D053139:Oseltamivir / Q000032:analysis; D011200:Poultry; D011312:Pressure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012997:Solvents; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012997:Solvents; D053139:Oseltamivir; D000547:Amantadine
Antiviral agents; Livestock and poultry feces; Pressurized liquid extraction