Comparison of levofloxacin and garenoxacin for antibacterial prophylaxis during neutropenia.
Levofloxacin (LVFX) is widely used for antibacterial prophylaxis during neutropenia. Garenoxacin (GRNX), which has been investigated in Japan, has stronger antibacterial activity than LVFX against gram-positive bacteria; however, no studies have compared the effectiveness of LVFX and GRNX. We retrospectively analyzed 42 patients with acute leukemia and 32 patients who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation. Thirty-one patients before September 2009 received GRNX, and subsequent 43 patients received LVFX. We compared the cumulative incidences of positive blood and stool cultures. There was no significant difference in the incidence of bacteremia between the GRNX and LVFX groups. However, while gram-negative bacteria were detected in 80% of the patients with bacteremia in the GRNX group, they were detected in only 33% of the patients with bacteremia in the LVFX group. Patients in the GRNX group more frequently experienced positive stool cultures than those in the LVFX group, and this was confirmed by a multivariate analysis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 100 and 67% of the stool culture results in the GRNX and LVFX groups, respectively. While both fluoroquinolones may be appropriate antibacterial prophylactic agents for neutropenia patients with hematological malignancies, vigilance for gram-negative bacterial infections should be exercised when GRNX is used as prophylaxis.
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Ryoko
R
Yamasaki
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Junya
J
Kanda
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Yu
Y
Akahoshi
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Hirofumi
H
Nakano
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Tomotaka
T
Ugai
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Hidenori
H
Wada
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Koji
K
Kawamura
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Yuko
Y
Ishihara
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Kana
K
Sakamoto
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Miki
M
Sato
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Masahiro
M
Ashizawa
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Tomohito
T
Machishima
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Kiriko
K
Terasako-Saito
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Shun-Ichi
SI
Kimura
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Misato
M
Kikuchi
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Hideki
H
Nakasone
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Rie
R
Yamazaki
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Shinichi
S
Kako
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
Junji
J
Nishida
Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan. ycanda-tky@umin.ac.jp.
Yoshinobu
Y
Kanda
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D064591:Allografts; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000628:therapy*; D064704:Levofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D064704:Levofloxacin; C419689:garenoxacin
Antibacterial prophylaxis; Garenoxacin; Levofloxacin; Neutropenia