Strategies to reduce the intracellular effects of iron oxide nanoparticle degradation.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a significant self-renewal capacity and can differentiate into a variety of cell types. Cell labeling is crucial as it is difficult to detect cell fate after transplantation in vivo. MSCs labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), which can be tracked by MRI, have tremendous potential in regenerative medicine and oncological research. As a part of nanoparticle, the iron oxide core is a key aspect that can exhibit adverse or beneficial effects on MSCs labeled for tracking. Some IONPs exhibit adverse effects, such as cytotoxicity and apoptosis, while other IONPs exhibit beneficial functions that can promote both MSC proliferation and homing efficiency. This review reveals the cytotoxic mechanisms and potential functions of the iron oxide core of IONPs in cell labeling as well as strategies for minimizing the intracellular effects of IONPs.
Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Min
M
Wu
Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Lei
L
Gu
Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Qiyong
Q
Gong
Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Jiayu
J
Sun
Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Yiqi
Y
Ma
Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Haoxing
H
Wu
College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China.
Yu
Y
Wang
Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Gang
G
Guo
Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Xue
X
Li
Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Hongyan
H
Zhu
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D058948:Cell Tracking / Q000379:methods*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*
D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide
IONPs; MSCs; buffered pH-controlled layer; catalase-like activity; endocytosis; lysosomal escape; magnetoliposomes; peroxidase-like activity; silica layer; surface modification