Toward a better understanding of the impact of mass transit air pollutants on human health.
Globally, modern mass transport systems whether by road, rail, water, or air generate airborne pollutants in both developing and developed nations. Air pollution is the primary human health concern originating from modern transportation, particularly in densely-populated urban areas. This review will specifically focus on the origin and the health impacts of carbonaceous traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP), including particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and elemental carbon (EC). We conclude that the greatest current challenge regarding urban TRAP is understanding and evaluating the human health impacts well enough to set appropriate pollution control measures. Furthermore, we provide a detailed discussion regarding the effects of TRAP on local environments and pedestrian health in low and high traffic-density environments.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kkim61@hanyang.ac.kr.
Ki-Hyun
KH
Kim
Department of Nano Sciences and Materials, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, 181143, India.
Pawan
P
Kumar
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
Jan E
JE
Szulejko
Department of Marine Science & Technology, School of Earth and Mineral Science, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigeria.
Adedeji A
AA
Adelodun
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Pakistan.
Muhammad Faisal
MF
Junaid
USDA-ARS Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, LA, 70124, USA.
Minori
M
Uchimiya
Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
Scott
S
Chambers
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D014186:Transportation; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
D000393:Air Pollutants; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
Air pollution; Mass transit; PM; Toxic; Traffic; VOC