Forces and moments delivered by the PET-G aligner to a maxillary central incisor for palatal tipping and intrusion.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of material thickness and width of the gingival edge on the forces and moments delivered by aligners prepared from Duran foil (PET-G) to a maxillary incisor during tipping and intrusion.


METHODS
Aligners prepared from PET-G of three material thicknesses (0.5, 0.625, and 0.75 mm) and three widths of gingival edges (0-1, 3-4, and 6-7 mm) were investigated during incisor palatal tipping and intrusion of 0.5 mm each. Forces and moments were measured with a six-component measuring device. The influence of aligner thickness and aligner extend on the force and moment development were tested for statistical significance (P < .05).


RESULTS
The Fxand Fzforces produced during palatal tipping and intrusion by the 0.75-mm aligner material was significantly higher than those produced by the 0.5-mm-thick material (P = .005 and P = .047, respectively). There was no statistical difference between aligner thickness of 0.5 and 0.625 mm and between 0.625 and 0.75 mm. The same behavior was observed for the palatal moment (My). The Fxand Fzforces produced during palatal tipping and intrusion by the aligner with an extension of 0-1 mm edge was significantly lower than that of the aligner with a larger extension (3-4 mm edge: P = .003; 6-7 mm: P = .001). However, there was no statistical difference between aligners with a 3-4-mm and a 6-mm edge. The same behavior was observed for the palatal moment (My).


CONCLUSIONS
The forces and moments exerted by the PET-G aligner on teeth vary, depending on the material thickness, width of the aligner edge, and direction of tooth movement.
Lixia
L
Gao
Andrea
A
Wichelhaus
D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008437:Maxilla; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009968:Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*
D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; C475920:polyethylene terephthalate glycol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols
Biomechanics; Forces; Gingival edge width; Material thickness; Moments; PET-G aligner; Stiffness