Biodegradable mesoporous delivery system for biomineralization precursors.
Scaffold supplements such as nanoparticles, components of the extracellular matrix, or growth factors have been incorporated in conventional scaffold materials to produce smart scaffolds for tissue engineering of damaged hard tissues. Due to increasing concerns on the clinical side effects of using large doses of recombinant bone-morphogenetic protein-2 in bone surgery, it is desirable to develop an alternative nanoscale scaffold supplement that is not only osteoinductive, but is also multifunctional in that it can perform other significant bone regenerative roles apart from stimulation of osteogenic differentiation. Because both amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and silica are osteoinductive, a biodegradable, nonfunctionalized, expanded-pore mesoporous silica nanoparticle carrier was developed for loading, storage, and sustained release of a novel, biosilicification-inspired, polyamine-stabilized liquid precursor phase of ACP for collagen biomineralization and for release of orthosilicic acid, both of which are conducive to bone growth. Positively charged poly(allylamine)-stabilized ACP (PAH-ACP) could be effectively loaded and released from nonfunctionalized expanded-pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles (pMSN). The PAH-ACP released from loaded pMSN still retained its ability to infiltrate and mineralize collagen fibrils. Complete degradation of pMSN occurred following unloading of their PAH-ACP cargo. Because PAH-ACP loaded pMSN possesses relatively low cytotoxicity to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, these nanoparticles may be blended with any osteoconductive scaffold with macro- and microporosities as a versatile scaffold supplement to enhance bone regeneration.
The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology, Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Hong-Ye
HY
Yang
State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Li-Na
LN
Niu
State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Jin-Long
JL
Sun
Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Xue-Qing
XQ
Huang
Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Dan-Dan
DD
Pei
The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology, Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Cui
C
Huang
Department of Endodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Franklin R
FR
Tay
D000499:Allylamine / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012824:Silicic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D011108:Polymers; C519480:amorphous calcium phosphate; D012824:Silicic Acid; D000499:Allylamine; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D003094:Collagen
amorphous calcium phosphate; biomineralization; collagen; mesoporous silica; osteoinductive; poly(allylamine)