Urinary Microvesicle-Bound Uromodulin: A Potential Molecular Biomarker in Diabetic Kidney Disease.
This study was designed to investigate the changes of urinary microvesicle-bound uromodulin and total urinary uromodulin levels in human urine and the correlations with the severity of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). 31 healthy subjects without diabetes and 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were included in this study. The patients with T2DM were divided into three groups based on the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR): normoalbuminuria group (DM,n= 46); microalbuminuria group (DN1,n= 32); and macroalbuminuria group (DN2,n= 22). We use a specific monoclonal antibody AD-1 to capture the urinary microvesicles. Urinary microvesicle-bound uromodulin and total urinary uromodulin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results showed that the levels of urinary microvesicle-bound uromodulin in DN1 and DN2 groups were significantly higher than those in control group and DM group (P< 0.01). Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that UACR was independent determinant for urinary microvesicle-bound uromodulin (P< 0.05) but not for total urinary uromodulin. These findings suggest that the levels of urinary microvesicle-bound uromodulin are associated with the severity of DKD. The uromodulin in urinary microvesicles may be a specific marker of DKD and potentially may be used to predict the onset and/or monitor the progression of DKD.
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China.
Neng-Jun
NJ
Lou
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China.
Yi-Hong
YH
Ni
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China.
Hong-Ying
HY
Jia
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine of Shandong University, Shandong, China.
Jing-Ti
JT
Deng
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China.
Lu
L
Jiang
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China.
Feng-Jie
FJ
Zheng
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China.
Ai-Li
0000-0003-0476-692X
AL
Sun
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000652:urine*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058949:Uromodulin / Q000652:urine*
D015415:Biomarkers; D058949:Uromodulin