Caffeine intake increases plasma ketones: an acute metabolic study in humans.
Brain glucose uptake declines during aging and is significantly impaired in Alzheimer's disease. Ketones are the main alternative brain fuel to glucose so they represent a potential approach to compensate for the brain glucose reduction. Caffeine is of interest as a potential ketogenic agent owing to its actions on lipolysis and lipid oxidation but whether it is ketogenic in humans is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the acute ketogenic effect of 2 doses of caffeine (2.5; 5.0 mg/kg) in 10 healthy adults. Caffeine given at breakfast significantly stimulated ketone production in a dose-dependent manner (+88%; +116%) and also raised plasma free fatty acids. Whether caffeine has long-term ketogenic effects or could enhance the ketogenic effect of medium chain triglycerides remains to be determined.
a Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.|b Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
Camille
C
Vandenberghe
a Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.|b Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
Valérie
V
St-Pierre
a Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.|b Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
Alexandre
A
Courchesne-Loyer
a Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.
Marie
M
Hennebelle
a Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.
Christian-Alexandre
CA
Castellano
a Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.|b Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.|c Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
Stephen C
SC
Cunnane
D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007659:Ketones / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007659:Ketones; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D002110:Caffeine; D005947:Glucose
Alzheimer’s disease; acides gras libres; caffeine; caféine; cétones; cétonémie; free fatty acids; ketonemia; ketones; lipolyse; lipolysis; maladie d’Alzheimer; medium chain triglycerides; triglycérides à chaîne moyenne