Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease Presenting with Multiple Punctate Intracranial Lesions on Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Central nervous system graft-versus-host disease can present quite a diagnostic challenge. We herein present a case of histologically-confirmed chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) involving the central nervous system that occurred at 19 months after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed areas of confluent hyperintensity in the deep/subcortical white matter with multiple punctate and curvilinear gadolinium enhancements, suggesting the disruption of the blood-brain barrier. A brain biopsy revealed perivascular CD3-positive T cell infiltration around the small vessels. We propose that the detection of punctate-enhanced lesions by magnetic resonance imaging may be a useful finding that facilitates the early diagnosis of chronic GVHD involving the central nervous system.
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
Makoto
M
Terada
Kiyotaka
K
Nakamagoe
Naoshi
N
Obara
Shinichi
S
Ogawa
Noriaki
N
Sakamoto
Taiki
T
Sato
Seitaro
S
Nohara
Shigeru
S
Chiba
Akira
A
Tamaoka
D001706:Biopsy; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
D003287:Contrast Media