Protective role of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
BACKGROUND
Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) exerts protective metabolic effects.


OBJECTIVE
To identify if sRAGE plays a protective role in NAFLD.


METHODS
sRAGE (n=55) and Nε-(Carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) (n=36) serum levels were measured in NAFLD patients. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were non-invasively quantified by the hepatorenal index and the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS).


RESULTS
sRAGE levels were lower in NAFLD patients compared to controls (1207±439 vs. 1596±562ng/l, P<0.001) and were lower among subjects with moderate-severe steatosis compared with mild (1043±287 vs. 1378±506, P=0.005). Higher sRAGE was associated with lower steatosis with adjustment for age, gender, BMI and fasting insulin (OR=0.998, 0.996-0.999 95%CI, P=0.018). CML was not correlated with liver steatosis (r=0.07, P=0.683), but was positively correlated with AST (r=0.34, P=0.04), GGT (r=0.38, P=0.023) and HbA1C (r=0.37, P=0.027). sRAGE tended to be higher in subjects with NFS<-1.455 compared with NFS>-1.455 (1287±450 n=36 vs. 1051±364 n=13, P=0.08). While sRAGE was positively correlated with vegetables consumption (r=0.268, P=0.05), CML levels were not associated with sRAGE or dietary intake. sRAGE increased following a 3 month-lifestyle intervention (1194±446 vs. 1367±440 n=31, P<0.001) and change in sRAGE levels was negatively correlated with change in ALT levels (r=-0.37, P=0.041).


CONCLUSIONS
sRAGE plays a protective role in NAFLD and it is influenced by lifestyle.
Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Shira
S
Zelber-Sagi
Division of Gastroenterology, Acireale Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Catania, Catania, Italy. Electronic address: federicosalomone@rocketmail.com.
Federico
F
Salomone
Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Ilana
I
Kolodkin-Gal
Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Noam
N
Erez
Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Assaf
A
Buch
Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Hanny
H
Yeshua
Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Muriel
M
Webb
Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Zamir
Z
Halpern
Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Oren
O
Shibolet
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000097:blood*; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products / Q000097:blood*; D012995:Solubility; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D015415:Biomarkers; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; C048496:N(6)-carboxymethyllysine; D008239:Lysine
Diet; Hepato-renal index; Lifestyle; NAFLD fibrosis score; Nε-(Carboxymethyl) lysine