Protective effect of carnosic acid against acrylamide-induced toxicity in RPE cells.
Acrylamide is a substance that can be neurotoxic in humans and experimental animals. It is formed at different rates in starchy foods cooked at temperatures above 120 °C as a result of interaction between monosaccharides and the amino acid asparagine. Carnosic acid accounts for over 90% of the antioxidant properties of rosemary extract and is a powerful inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in microsomal and liposomal systems. Carnosic acid has been shown to protect against oxidative and inflammatory effects. In order to investigate the protective properties of carnosic acid against acrylamide-induced toxicity in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, ARPE-19 cells were pre-treated with 10 μM carnosic acid for 24 h followed by treatment with acrylamide (0.7 or 1 mM) for 24 h. ARPE-19 cells pre-treated with 10 μM carnosic acid showed significantly increased cell viability and decreased cell death rate when compared to ARPE-19 cells treated with acrylamide alone. Activities of SOD and catalase and the level of GSH and expression of NRF2 and a number of anti-oxidant genes were significantly decreased in ARPE-19 cells, while there were significant increases in ROS and MDA; pre-treatment with carnosic acid significantly counteracted these changes. Our results suggest that carnosic acid protected RPE cells from acrylamide-induced toxicity.
Department of Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, G4 0BA, Glasgow, UK; Department of Biology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Aishah
A
Albalawi
Department of Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, G4 0BA, Glasgow, UK; Department of Biology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Reem Hasaballah A
RHA
Alhasani
Department of Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, G4 0BA, Glasgow, UK.
Lincoln
L
Biswas
Department of Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, G4 0BA, Glasgow, UK.
James
J
Reilly
Department of Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, G4 0BA, Glasgow, UK. Electronic address: Xinhua.Shu@gcu.ac.uk.
Xinhua
X
Shu
D045784:Abietanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020106:Acrylamide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000166:cytology*
D045784:Abietanes; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D020106:Acrylamide; C018381:salvin
Acrylamide; Carnosic acid; Neurotoxicity; Oxidative damage; Retinal pigment epithelium cells