Cytotoxicity control of silicon nanoparticles by biopolymer coating and ultrasound irradiation for cancer theranostic applications.
Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) prepared by mechanical grinding of luminescent porous silicon were coated with a biopolymer (dextran) and investigated as a potential theranostic agent for bioimaging and sonodynamic therapy. Transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence and Raman scattering measurements of dextran-coated SiNPs gave evidence of their enhanced stability in water. In vitro experiments confirmed the lower cytotoxicity of the dextran-coated NPs in comparison with uncoated ones, especially for high concentrations of about 2 mg ml-1. Efficient uptake of the NPs by cancer cells was found using bioimaging in the optical transmittance and photoluminescence modes. Treatment of the cells with uptaken SiNPs by therapeutic ultrasound for 5-20 min resulted in a strong decrease in the number of living cells, while the total number of cells remained nearly unchanged. The obtained data indicate a 'mild' effect of the combined action of ultrasonic irradiation and SiNPs on cancer cells. The observed results reveal new opportunities for controlling the photoluminescent and sonosensitizing properties of silicon-based NPs for applications in the diagnostics and mild therapy of cancer.
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
A P
AP
Sviridov
L A
LA
Osminkina
A Yu
AY
Kharin
M B
MB
Gongalsky
J V
JV
Kargina
A A
AA
Kudryavtsev
Yu I
YI
Bezsudnova
T S
TS
Perova
A
A
Geloen
V
V
Lysenko
V Yu
VY
Timoshenko
D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D003911:Dextrans / Q000737:chemistry; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D049449:Luminescence; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012825:Silicon / Q000633:toxicity*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003911:Dextrans; D012825:Silicon