Transporter-Mediated Nuclear Entry of Jasmonoyl-Isoleucine Is Essential for Jasmonate Signaling.
To control gene expression by directly responding to hormone concentrations, both animal and plant cells have exploited comparable mechanisms to sense small-molecule hormones in nucleus. Whether nuclear entry of these hormones is actively transported or passively diffused, as conventionally postulated, through the nuclear pore complex, remains enigmatic. Here, we identified and characterized a jasmonate transporter in Arabidopsis thaliana, AtJAT1/AtABCG16, which exhibits an unexpected dual localization at the nuclear envelope and plasma membrane. We show that AtJAT1/AtABCG16 controls the cytoplasmic and nuclear partition of jasmonate phytohormones by mediating both cellular efflux of jasmonic acid (JA) and nuclear influx of jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), and is essential for maintaining a critical nuclear JA-Ile concentration to activate JA signaling. These results illustrate that transporter-mediated nuclear entry of small hormone molecules is a new mechanism to regulate nuclear hormone signaling. Our findings provide an avenue to develop pharmaceutical agents targeting the nuclear entry of small molecules.
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Qingqing
Q
Li
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Jian
J
Zheng
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Shuaizhang
S
Li
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Guanrong
G
Huang
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Stephen J
SJ
Skilling
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Lijian
L
Wang
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Ling
L
Li
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Mengya
M
Li
Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
Lixing
L
Yuan
Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China. Electronic address: peiliu@cau.edu.cn.
Pei
P
Liu
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007532:Isoleucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; C000623302:jasmonate transporter 1, Arabidopsis; C532883:jasmonoyl-isoleucine; D007532:Isoleucine; C011006:jasmonic acid
AtJAT1/AtABCG16; jasmonate transporter; jasmonic acid; jasmonoyl-isoleucine; nuclear import