Influence of Connecting Two Standalone Mobile Three-Dimensional Scanners on Accuracy Comparing with a Standard Device in Facial Scanning.
OBJECTIVE
In this study is investigated if bundling of two scanners leads to better accuracy in recording faces than a standard face-scanning device.


METHODS
In a group of 28 volunteers, two test specimens were attached to their faces: one on their forehead and one turned 90° on their cheek. Each volunteer was scanned by FaceScan3D®and two bundled Artec EVA®scanners. The scans were aligned to a three-dimensional model of the test specimen, and the mean error was recorded. Length, width and angles between the test specimen's planes were compared.


RESULTS
The mean deviation is significantly lower for the cheek test specimen in alignment (P < 0.001), length and width (P < 0.001) but not for the forehead test specimen in alignment and length and width (P > 0.05) using FaceScan3D®. The aberration from the original angle between two sides of the test specimen is significantly lower measured with Artec EVA®for the angle between the front and the bottom plane of both test specimens (P < 0.01). Besides the angle between the right plane and the bottom plane as well as the top plane of the test specimen mounted to the cheek, the deviation of the angle between the other side planes to each other is significantly lower (P > 0.05) scanned with Artec EVA®.


CONCLUSIONS
Compared to FaceScan3D®, two bundled Artec EVA®scanners provide different accuracies depending on the location of the measured parameters. The accuracy measured for both scanners is inside the range found in the literature.
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, AachenGermany.; Both first authors contributed equally.
Ali
A
Modabber
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, AachenGermany.; Both first authors contributed equally.
Florian
F
Peters
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany.
Anna
A
Brokmeier
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany.
Evgeny
E
Goloborodko
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany.
Alireza
A
Ghassemi
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany.
Bernd
B
Lethaus
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany.
Frank
F
Hölzle
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany.
Stephan Christian
SC
Möhlhenrich
dimensional measurement accuracy; optical devices; three-dimensional imaging