Silica Sol-Gel Optical Biosensors: Ultrahigh Enzyme Loading Capacity on Thin Films via Kinetic Doping.
Easy to use and easy to produce biosensors would have a huge range of applications. To reach this goal many see the incorporation of a protein into a sol-gel network as one of the most viable options. The current most prevalent technique of predoping presents inherent limits on the concentration possible for the resulting thin film. In this study we demonstrate a new process utilizing the newly developed kinetic doping method to load silica sol-gel thin films with cytochrome C (CytC) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Both enzymes are shown to successfully load and have a concentration increase over their original loading solution by factors of 1300× and 2600×, respectively. Furthermore, each enzyme once loaded retained the ability to act as a catalyst for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. Ultimately the CytC- and HRP-loaded thin films were found to have enzyme concentrations of 11 ± 1 mM and 6.0 ± 0.4 mM, respectively, a considerable step up from any doping method reported in the past.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma , 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States.
Matthew S
0000-0001-8217-5653
MS
Crosley
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma , 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States.
Wai Tak
WT
Yip
D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D061848:Optical Imaging; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
D005782:Gels; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D045304:Cytochromes c; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase