n-3 Ingestion may modulate the severity of periodontal disease? Systematic review.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of n-3 ingestion on periodontal disease. Besides, we also investigated the relationship between plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and/or aracdonic acid (AA), and periodontal disease. An electronic search was performed in several databases with the following keywords: "n-3," DHA, EPA and polynsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in combination with the term "periodontal disease" (PD). Only studies conducted with humans, involving clinical parameters of PD assessment and use of n-3 were selected, without restriction to the date of publication. The search has returned 1368 articles, 11 of which were selected. The results were separated according to the type of n-3 ingestion: supplementation or n-3 content in normal diet. In the studies where n-3 has been supplemented, there was no significant difference in the clinical severity of PD compared to the control subjects. However, in patients where levels of n-3 were evaluated in a usual diet, a lower disease severity was reported. We have detected a preventive effect related to plasma levels of EPA and DHA against PD progression. Thus, n-3 ingestion may beneficially interfere in PD progression, depending on the duration and dosage of consumption.
a Veterinary Medicine Graduate Program , Federal University of Lavras, UFLA-Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
Diana Vilela
DV
Azzi
a Veterinary Medicine Graduate Program , Federal University of Lavras, UFLA-Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
Jesús Alfonso Sánchez
JAS
Viafara
b Veterinary Medicine Departament , Federal University of Lavras, UFLA - Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
Márcio Gilberto
MG
Zangeronimo
c Statistics Department , Federal University of Lavras, UFLA - Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
Renato
R
Ribeiro Lima
d Dentistry Department , Federal University of Vale do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, UFVJM - Diamantina , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
Leandro Silva
LS
Marques
e Health Sciences Department , Federal University of Lavras, UFLA - Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
Luciano J
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-2554
LJ
Pereira
D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Fatty acids; dietary fats; periodontitis