Adaptation of the Practice Environment Scale for military nurses: a psychometric analysis.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to confirm the psychometric properties of Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index in a military population. This study also demonstrates association rule analysis, a contemporary exploratory technique.


BACKGROUND
One of the instruments most commonly used to evaluate the nursing practice environment is the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index. Although the instrument has been widely used, the reliability, validity and individual item function are not commonly evaluated. Gaps exist with regard to confirmatory evaluation of the subscale factors, individual item analysis and evaluation in the outpatient setting and with non-registered nursing staff.


METHODS
This was a secondary data analysis of existing survey data.


METHODS
Multiple psychometric methods were used for this analysis using survey data collected in 2014. First, descriptive analyses were conducted, including exploration using association rules. Next, internal consistency was tested and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the factor structure. The specified factor structure did not hold; therefore, exploratory factor analysis was performed. Finally, item analysis was executed using item response theory. The differential item functioning technique allowed the comparison of responses by care setting and nurse type.


RESULTS
The results of this study indicate that responses differ between groups and that several individual items could be removed without altering the psychometric properties of the instrument.


CONCLUSIONS
The instrument functions moderately well in a military population; however, researchers may want to consider nurse type and care setting during analysis to identify any meaningful variation in responses.
School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), AL, USA.|US Army Nurse Corps, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA.
Pauline A
PA
Swiger
School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), AL, USA.
Dheeraj
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6571-3410
D
Raju
US Army Nurse Corps, Regional Health Command, Sembach, Germany.
Sara
S
Breckenridge-Sproat
School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), AL, USA.
Patricia A
PA
Patrician
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008888:Military Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*
Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index; association rules; item response theory; military nursing; psychometric analysis