Alterations of serum trace elements in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of trace elements and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.


METHODS
The 1837 participants (637 men and 1200 women) aged 40-70 were from a cross-sectional community-based study performed in downtown Shanghai. All the participants without diabetes mellitus history underwent a 75-g OGTT. The participants with diabetes mellitus took 100g steamed bread as the substitute. The fasting and OGTT 2h or postprandial 2h venous blood samples were collected. Blood glucose levels, fasting serum insulin concentrations, lipid profiles, HbA1C and 19 trace elements including magnesium, copper, zinc and selenium and so on were assayed.


RESULTS
Of all the 1837 studied subjects, 510 subjects had diabetes mellitus (191 male, 319 female). Serum magnesium levels were decreased statistically (p<0.05), but serum copper, zinc and selenium levels were significantly increased in subjects with diabetes mellitus compared to non-diabetic subjects (p<0.01 for copper, p<0.001 for zinc and selenium). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum magnesium was negatively associated with diabetes (p<0.05) and serum copper, zinc, and selenium were all positively associated with diabetes (p<0.05 for copper, p<0.001 for both zinc and selenium). Correlation analysis showed a remarkable correlation between blood glucose, HbA1C and serum magnesium, copper, zinc, and selenium (p<0.01 for zinc, p<0.001 for copper, zinc and selenium).


CONCLUSIONS
Serum magnesium levels are decreased and serum copper, zinc and selenium levels are elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Hongmei
H
Zhang
Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Chonghuai
C
Yan
Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Zhen
Z
Yang
Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Weiwei
W
Zhang
Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yixin
Y
Niu
Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaoyong
X
Li
Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: qinli@medmail.com.cn.
Li
L
Qin
Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: suqingxinhua@163.com.
Qing
Q
Su
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000097:blood*
D014131:Trace Elements
Copper; Diabetes mellitus; Magnesium; Selenium; Trace element; Zinc