The development of mucosal vaccines for both mucosal and systemic immune induction and the roles played by adjuvants.
Vaccination is the most successful immunological practice that improves the quality of human life and health. Vaccine materials include antigens of pathogens and adjuvants potentiating the effectiveness of vaccination. Vaccines are categorized using various criteria, including the vaccination material used and the method of administration. Traditionally, vaccines have been injected via needles. However, given that most pathogens first infect mucosal surfaces, there is increasing interest in the establishment of protective mucosal immunity, achieved by vaccination via mucosal routes. This review summarizes recent developments in mucosal vaccines and their associated adjuvants.
Department of Molecular Biology and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
Sae-Hae
0000-0003-1235-735X
SH
Kim
Department of Molecular Biology and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.; Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
Yong-Suk
0000-0002-1675-4224
YS
Jang
Adjuvants; Mucosal immunity; Vaccines