Transcriptomic analysis of common carp anterior kidney during Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 infection: Immunoglobulin repertoire and homologue functional divergence.
Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) infects koi and common carp and causes widespread mortalities. While the virus is a significant concern for aquaculture operations in many countries, in Australia the virus may be a useful biocontrol agent for pest carp. However, carp immune responses to CyHV-3, and the molecular mechanisms underpinning resistance, are not well understood. Here we used RNA-Seq on carp during different phases of CyHV-3 infection to detect the gene expression dynamics of both host and virus simultaneously. During acute CyHV-3 infection, the carp host modified the expression of genes involved in various immune systems and detoxification pathways. Moreover, the activated pathways were skewed toward humoral immune responses, which may have been influenced by the virus itself. Many immune-related genes were duplicated in the carp genome, and often these were expressed differently across the infection phases. Of particular interest were two interleukin-10 homologues that were not expressed synchronously, suggesting neo- or sub-functionalization. The carp immunoglobulin repertoire significantly diversified during active CyHV-3 infection, which was followed by the selection of high-affinity B-cells. This is indicative of a developing adaptive immune response, and is the first attempt to use RNA-Seq to understand this process in fish during a viral infection.
CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
Matthew J
MJ
Neave
CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.|AMAFRAD Centre for Fisheries Research and Development, Fish Health Research Laboratory, Jakarta 12540, Indonesia.
Agus
A
Sunarto
CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
Kenneth A
KA
McColl
D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D063990:Gene Ontology; D016678:Genome; D060226:Head Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000502:physiology*; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000235:genetics; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D012326:RNA Splicing / Q000235:genetics; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
D007136:Immunoglobulins; D016753:Interleukin-10