Differential mineralization of human dental pulp stem cells on diverse polymers.
In tissue engineering, biomaterials are used as scaffolds for spatial distribution of specific cell types. Biomaterials can potentially influence cell proliferation and extracellular matrix formation, both in positive and negative ways. The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare mineralized matrix production of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), cultured on 17 different well-characterized polymers. Osteogenic differentiation of DPSC was induced for 21 days on biomaterials using dexamethasone, L-ascorbic-acid-2-phosphate, and sodium β-glycerophosphate. Success of differentiation was analyzed by quantitative RealTime PCR, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and visualization of calcium accumulations by alizarin red staining with subsequent quantification by colorimetric method. All of the tested biomaterials of an established biomaterial bank enabled a mineralized matrix formation of the DPSC after osteoinductive stimulation. Mineralization on poly(tetrafluoro ethylene) (PTFE), poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS), Texin, LT706, poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL), polyesteramide type-C (PEA-C), hyaluronic acid, and fibrin was significantly enhanced (p<0.05) compared to standard tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) as control. In particular, PEA-C, hyaluronic acid, and fibrin promoted superior mineralization values. These results were confirmed by ALP activity on the same materials. Different biomaterials differentially influence the differentiation and mineralized matrix formation of human DPSC. Based on the present results, promising biomaterial candidates for bone-related tissue engineering applications in combination with DPSC can be selected.
Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Christian
C
Apel
Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Patricia
P
Buttler
Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Berufsgenossenschaftliches Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil GmbH, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Jochen
J
Salber
DWI e.V. and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Anandhan
A
Dhanasingh
Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.|Helmholtz Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Sabine
S
Neuss
D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D003782:Dental Pulp; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells; D023822:Tissue Engineering
D000880:Anthraquinones; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers; C010078:alizarin
biomaterials; dental pulp stem cells (DPSC); matrix production; mineralization