Water-Gated n-Type Organic Field-Effect Transistors for Complementary Integrated Circuits Operating in an Aqueous Environment.
The first demonstration of an n-type water-gated organic field-effect transistor (WGOFET) is here reported, along with simple water-gated complementary integrated circuits, in the form of inverting logic gates. For the n-type WGOFET active layer, high-electron-affinity organic semiconductors, including naphthalene diimide co-polymers and a soluble fullerene derivative, have been compared, with the latter enabling a high electric double layer capacitance in the range of 1 μF cm-2in full accumulation and a mobility-capacitance product of 7 × 10-3μF/V s. Short-term stability measurements indicate promising cycling robustness, despite operating the device in an environment typically considered harsh, especially for electron-transporting organic molecules. This work paves the way toward advanced circuitry design for signal conditioning and actuation in an aqueous environment and opens new perspectives in the implementation of active bio-organic interfaces for biosensing and neuromodulation.
Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Rossella
R
Porrazzo
Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Alessandro
A
Luzio
Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Sebastiano
S
Bellani
Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Giorgio Ernesto
GE
Bonacchini
Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University , 30 pildong-ro 1-gil, jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
Yong-Young
YY
Noh
Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University and Research Institute of for Green Energy Convergence Technology (RIGET) , Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
Yun-Hi
YH
Kim
Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Guglielmo
G
Lanzani
Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Maria Rosa
MR
Antognazza
Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Mario
M
Caironi