Influence of Disruptive Behavior Disorders on Academic Performance and School Functions of Youths with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD) are associated with negative school outcomes. The study aimed to examine the impact of ADHD and ODD/CD on various school functions. 395 youths with ADHD (244 with ADHD + ODD/CD and 151 with ADHD only) and 156 controls received semi-structured psychiatric interviews. School functions were assessed and compared between each group with a multiple-level model. The results showed that youths with ADHD had poorer performance across different domains of school functioning. Youths with ADHD + ODD/CD had more behavioral problems but similar academic performance than those with ADHD only. The multiple linear regression models revealed that ADHD impaired academic performance while ODD/CD aggravated behavioral problems. Our findings imply that comorbid ODD/CD may specifically contribute to social difficulties in youths with ADHD. Measures of early detection and intervention for ODD/CD should be conducted to prevent adverse outcomes.
Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Douliu, Yun-Lin, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Chao-Yu
CY
Liu
Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Douliu, Yun-Lin, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Wei-Lieh
WL
Huang
Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Douliu, Yun-Lin, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Wei-Chih
WC
Kao
Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. gaushufe@ntu.edu.tw.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. gaushufe@ntu.edu.tw.|Department of Psychology, Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. gaushufe@ntu.edu.tw.
Susan Shur-Fen
SS
Gau
D000073978:Academic Performance / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012574:Schools; D012917:Social Adjustment
ADHD; Comorbidity; Conduct disorder; Oppositional defiant disorder; School function