Inhibitory Activity and Chemical Characterization of Daucus carota subsp. maximus Essential Oils.
The essential oils (EOs) of green seeds from Daucus carota subsp. maximus growing wild in Pantelleria Island (Sicily, Italy) were characterized. EOs were extracted by steam distillation, examined for their inhibitory properties against food-borne Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and analyzed for the chemical composition by gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Undiluted EOs showed a large inhibition spectrum against Gram-positive strains and also vs. Acinetobacter spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was in the range 1.25 - 2.50 μl/ml for the most sensitive strains. The chemical analysis indicated that D. carota subsp. maximus EOs included 34 compounds (five monoterpene hydrocarbons, six oxygenated monoterpenes, 14 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, four oxygenated sesquiterpenes, camphorene and four other compounds), accounting for 95.48% of the total oil, and that the major chemicals were carotol, β-bisabolene, and isoelemicin.
Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, IT-90128, Palermo, Italy.
Raimondo
R
Gaglio
Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, IT-90128, Palermo, Italy.
Marcella
M
Barbera
Dipartimento di Scienze per la Promozione della Salute e Materno Infantile 'G. D'Alessandro', Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via del Vespro, IT-90127, Palermo.
Aurora
A
Aleo
Azienda Agricola Soleone, Via Venedisé 35, IT-9107, Pantelleria, TP, Italy.
Ines
I
Lommatzsch
Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, IT-90128, Palermo, Italy.
Tommaso
T
La Mantia
Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, IT-90128, Palermo, Italy.
Luca
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7019-3598
L
Settanni
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000737:chemistry*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D011748:Pyrogallol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000032:analysis
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D011748:Pyrogallol; C026730:isoelemicin; C531191:beta-bisabolene

Daucus carota
; Chemical composition; Essential oils; Foodborne bacteria; Inhibitory activities