Production of High Galacto-oligosaccharides by Pectinex Ultra SP-L: Optimization of Reaction Conditions and Immobilization on Glyoxyl-Functionalized Silica.
A rational optimization for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) from lactose catalyzed by β-galactosidase from Aspergillus aculeatus, included in the commercial product Pectinex Ultra SP-L, has been performed by using experimental design and surface response methodology. This accurate tool optimized empirical production of the most desired high-GOS (tri-GOS and tetra-GOS) up to 16.4% under the following reaction conditions: 59 °C, 4 U/mL free enzyme concentration, pH 6.5, 250 g/L initial lactose concentration, and 20 h of reaction. The statistical analysis revealed temperature and initial lactose concentration as critical parameters. The successful immobilization of the enzyme on a glyoxyl-functionalized porous silica support slightly increased the yield toward high-GOS (17.6%), especially tri-GOS yield (15.3%), under the optimized reaction conditions as compared to the free enzyme. Furthermore, the promotion of the transgalactosylation reaction toward tri-GOS production increased 1.5-fold the productivity of high-GOS as compared to the free enzyme.
Department of Chemical and Energy Technology, Chemical and Environmental Technology, Mechanical Technology and Analytical Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Isabel
I
González-Delgado
Department of Chemical and Energy Technology, Chemical and Environmental Technology, Mechanical Technology and Analytical Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Yolanda
Y
Segura
Department of Chemical and Energy Technology, Chemical and Environmental Technology, Mechanical Technology and Analytical Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Gabriel
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5070-4749
G
Morales
Department of Chemical and Energy Technology, Chemical and Environmental Technology, Mechanical Technology and Analytical Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
María-José
MJ
López-Muñoz
D001236:Aspergillus oryzae / Q000201:enzymology*; D055162:Biocatalysis; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005690:Galactose / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D007785:Lactose / Q000378:metabolism; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D007785:Lactose; D005690:Galactose
Pectinex Ultra SP-L; experimental design; galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS); glyoxyl-functionalized silica; transgalactosylation; β-galactosidase