The American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study 3 (CPS-3): Recruitment, study design, and baseline characteristics.
Prospective cohort studies contribute importantly to understanding the role of lifestyle, genetic, and other factors in chronic disease etiology.



The American Cancer Society (ACS) recruited a new prospective cohort study, Cancer Prevention Study 3 (CPS-3), between 2006 and 2013 from 35 states and Puerto Rico. Enrollment took place primarily at ACS community events and at community enrollment "drives." At enrollment sites, participants completed a brief survey that included an informed consent, identifying information necessary for follow-up, and key exposure information. They also provided a waist measure and a nonfasting blood sample. Most participants also completed a more comprehensive baseline survey at home that included extensive medical, lifestyle, and other information. Participants will be followed for incident cancers through linkage with state cancer registries and for cause-specific mortality through linkage with the National Death Index.



In total, 303,682 participants were enrolled. Of these, 254,650 completed the baseline survey and are considered "fully" enrolled; they will be sent repeat surveys periodically for at least the next 20 years to update exposure information. The remaining participants (n = 49,032) will not be asked to update exposure information but will be followed for outcomes. Twenty-three percent of participants were men, 17.3% reported a race or ethnicity other than "white," and the median age at enrollment was 47 years.



CPS-3 will be a valuable resource for studies of cancer and other outcomes because of its size; its diversity with respect to age, ethnicity, and geography; and the availability of blood samples and detailed questionnaire information collected over time. Cancer 2017;123:2014-2024. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Alpa V
AV
Patel
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Eric J
EJ
Jacobs
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Daniela M
DM
Dudas
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Peter J
PJ
Briggs
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Cari J
CJ
Lichtman
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Elizabeth B
EB
Bain
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Victoria L
VL
Stevens
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Marjorie L
ML
McCullough
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Lauren R
LR
Teras
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Peter T
PT
Campbell
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Mia M
MM
Gaudet
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Elizabeth G
EG
Kirkland
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Melissa H
MH
Rittase
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Nance
N
Joiner
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
W Ryan
WR
Diver
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Janet S
JS
Hildebrand
American Cancer Society, Lansing, Michigan.
Nancy C
NC
Yaw
Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Susan M
SM
Gapstur
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000570:American Cancer Society; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004522:Educational Status; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011647:Puerto Rico / Q000453:epidemiology; D000069466:Red Meat; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014675:Vegetables; D055105:Waist Circumference
D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal
Cancer Prevention Study; epidemiology; prospective cohort; recruitment; study design