Metabolic syndrome and masked hypertension among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.
The metabolic syndrome is associated with higher ambulatory blood pressure. The authors studied the association of metabolic syndrome and masked hypertension (MHT) among African Americans with clinic-measured systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) <140/90 mm Hg in the Jackson Heart Study. MHT was defined as daytime, nighttime, or 24-hour hypertension on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Among 359 participants not taking antihypertensive medication, the metabolic syndrome was associated with MHT (prevalence ratio, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.74]). When metabolic syndrome components (clinic SBP/DBP 130-139/85-89 mm Hg, abdominal obesity, impaired glucose, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high triglycerides) were analyzed separately, only clinic SBP/DBP 130-139/85-89 mm Hg was associated with MHT (prevalence ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-2.32]). The metabolic syndrome was not associated with MHT among participants not taking antihypertensive medication with SBP/DBP 130-139/85-89 and <130/85 mm Hg, separately, or among participants taking antihypertensive medication (n=393). Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring screening for MHT among African Americans should be considered based on clinic BP, not metabolic syndrome.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Lisandro D
LD
Colantonio
Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
D Edmund
DE
Anstey
Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
April P
AP
Carson
Division of Health and Behavior, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Gbenga
G
Ogedegbe
Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Marwah
M
Abdalla
Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
Mario
M
Sims
Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Daichi
D
Shimbo
Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Paul
P
Muntner
D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008297:Male; D059468:Masked Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008922:Mississippi / Q000453:epidemiology; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides