Aggressive Hydration With Lactated Ringer Solution in Prevention of Postendoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
BACKGROUND
Pancreatitis is the most common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The results of previous studies evaluating aggressive hydration with lactated Ringer solution for reducing the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) are inconsistent.


OBJECTIVE
We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether aggressive hydration with lactated Ringer solution reduced PEP.


METHODS
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing aggressive hydration with standard hydration with the same lactated Ringer solution for prophylaxis of PEP were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and CINAHL databases. ClinicalTrial.gov and International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number registry were also searched for unpublished studies. A meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systemic Reviews of Intervention.


RESULTS
A total of 7 RCTs with 1047 participants were included into this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that aggressive hydration reduced the incidence of PEP as compared with standard hydration [odds ratio (OR), 0.47; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.30-0.72; P=0.0006]. Aggressive hydration also reduced the incidence of post-ERCP hyperamylasemia as compared with standard hydration (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.25-0.59; P<0.00001). No difference of adverse effects was found between aggressive hydration and standard hydration (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.15-1.57; P=0.23). Sensitivity analyses showed that neither alternative effect measures nor statistical models regarding heterogeneity affected the conclusions of this meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses also showed that omitting 1 study from analysis did not change the conclusion of this meta-analysis.


CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of this meta-analysis of RCTs, aggressive hydration with lactated Ringer solution is an effective and safe therapy for prophylaxis of PEP.
*Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China †Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province.
Zhi-Feng
ZF
Zhang
Zhi-Jun
ZJ
Duan
Li-Xia
LX
Wang
Gang
G
Zhao
Wu-Guo
WG
Deng
D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate
D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate