Synthesis and Characterization of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Derived From Haliotis sp. Shells.
OBJECTIVE
To develop a methodology for the synthesis of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP, Ca3(PO4)2) from the shell of Haliotis sp. (abalone shell) and to verify its characterization and biocompatibility.


METHODS
Calcium oxide (CaO) was synthesized from abalone shell by sintering and was suspended in distilled water to prepare calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). For the synthesis of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), carbon dioxide was used to infuse Ca(OH)2 at pH 7.4. CaCO3 was reacted with phosphoric acid at pH 6.0 to obtain dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO4). Subsequently, β-TCP was synthesized by a chemical reaction between CaHPO4 and CaO at 950°C to 1100°C for 3 hours. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to verify the physiochemical characteristics of the composite synthesized from abalone shell.


RESULTS
FT-IR and XRD results showed that β-TCP was successfully synthesized from abalone shell. The synthesized β-TCP did not affect cell viability of either normal human oral keratinocytes or osteoblastic MG-63 cells. These data indicate that β-TCP synthesized from abalone shell is biologically safe.


CONCLUSIONS
β-TCP (Ca3(PO4)2) synthesized from abalone shell can be used as a potential source of bone grafting material.
*PhD Student, Department of Biodental Engineering, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. †Resident, Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China. ‡Assistant Professor, Pre-dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. §PhD Student, Department of Biodental Engineering, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. ¶Research Assistant, Department of Pre-Dentistry, Regional Innovation Center for Dental Science and Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. ||Research Assistant, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. #Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. **Senior Research Scientist, Department of Pre-Dentistry, High-Tech Fiber R&D Headquarters, Korea Textile Development Institute, Seo-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea. ††Associate Professor, Pre-dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. ‡‡Professor, Pre-dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. §§Research Professor, Department of Pre-Dentistry, Regional Innovation Center for Dental Science and Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. ¶¶Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Kyeong-Rok
KR
Kang
Zheng-Gang
ZG
Piao
Jae-Sung
JS
Kim
In-A
IA
Cho
Min-Ji
MJ
Yim
Bok-Hee
BH
Kim
Ji-Su
JS
Oh
Jun Sik
JS
Son
Chun Sung
CS
Kim
Do Kyung
DK
Kim
Sook-Young
SY
Lee
Su-Gwan
SG
Kim
D060105:Animal Shells / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate