Evaluation of larvicidal activity and ecotoxicity of linalool, methyl cinnamate and methyl cinnamate/linalool in combination against Aedes aegypti.
The frequent use of synthetic pesticides to control Aedes aegypti population can lead to environmental and/or human contamination and the emergence of resistant insects. Linalool and methyl cinnamate are presented as an alternative to the synthetic pesticides, since they can exhibit larvicidal, repellent and/or insecticidal activity and are considered safe for use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of methyl cinnamate, linalool and methyl cinnamate/linalool in combination (MC-L) (1:4 ratio, respectively) against Aedes aegypti. The in vitro preliminary toxicity through brine shrimp lethality assay and hemolytic activity, and the phytotoxic potential were also investigated to assess the safety of their use as larvicide. Methyl cinnamate showed significant larvicidal activity when compared to linalool (LC50values of 35.4µg/mL and 275.2µg/mL, respectively) and to MC-L (LC50138.0µg/mL). Larvae morphological changes subjected to the specified treatments were observed, as the flooding of tracheal system and midgut damage, hindering the larval development and survival. Preliminary in vitro toxicity through brine shrimp showed the high bioactivity of the substances (methyl cinnamate LC5035.5µg/mL; linalool LC5096.1µg/mL) and the mixture (MC-L LC5057.7µg/mL). The results showed that, despite the higher larvicidal activity of methyl cinnamate, the use of MC-L as a larvicide seems to be more appropriate due to its significant larvicidal activity and low toxicity.
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: gifujiwara@gmail.com.
Gislene M
GM
Fujiwara
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Vinícius
V
Annies
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Camila F
CF
de Oliveira
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Ricardo A
RA
Lara
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Maria M
MM
Gabriel
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Fernando C M
FC
Betim
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
Jéssica M
JM
Nadal
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
Paulo V
PV
Farago
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Josiane F G
JF
Dias
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Obdulio G
OG
Miguel
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Marilis D
MD
Miguel
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Francisco A
FA
Marques
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Sandra M W
SM
Zanin
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000633:toxicity*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D002934:Cinnamates; D007306:Insecticides; D039821:Monoterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; C025385:methyl cinnamate; C018584:linalool
Aedes aegypti; Artemia salina; Hemolysis; Linalool; Methyl cinnamate; Toxicity