The interaction of perceptual biases in bistable perception.
When viewing ambiguous stimuli, people tend to perceive some interpretations more frequently than others. Such perceptual biases impose various types of constraints on visual perception, and accordingly, have been assumed to serve distinct adaptive functions. Here we demonstrated the interaction of two functionally distinct biases in bistable biological motion perception, one regulating perception based on the statistics of the environment - the viewing-from-above (VFA) bias, and the other with the potential to reduce costly errors resulting from perceptual inference - the facing-the-viewer (FTV) bias. When compatible, the two biases reinforced each other to enhance the bias strength and induced less perceptual reversals relative to when they were in conflict. Whereas in the conflicting condition, the biases competed with each other, with the dominant percept varying with visual cues that modulate the two biases separately in opposite directions. Crucially, the way the two biases interact does not depend on the dominant bias at the individual level, and cannot be accounted for by a single bias alone. These findings provide compelling evidence that humans robustly integrate biases with different adaptive functions in visual perception. It may be evolutionarily advantageous to dynamically reweight diverse biases in the sensory context to resolve perceptual ambiguity.
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
Xue
X
Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
Qian
Q
Xu
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
Yi
Y
Jiang
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
Ying
Y
Wang
D015982:Bias; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003867:Depth Perception; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009039:Motion Perception; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*