Skin depigmentation associated with toceranib phosphate in a dog.
BACKGROUND
Drug-induced depigmentation is frequently observed in humans undergoing tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, whereas it is not reported in dogs. The skin depigmentation can occur after the first week of treatment and it is reversible within a few weeks after drug discontinuation.


OBJECTIVE
To report the clinical and histopathological features of an episode of cutaneous adverse drug reaction associated with short term administration of toceranib phosphate.


METHODS
An 11-year-old intact male Bernese mountain dog was presented for investigation of a subcutaneous mast cell tumour (MCT) including treatment options. The major abnormality on physical examination was a 7.5 × 10 cm subcutaneous mass located cranial to the left shoulder joint consistent with a MCT. Toceranib phosphate therapy was initiated. Fourteen days after initiating treatment, the dog presented with skin erosions near the lateral canthus of the left eye. Three weeks later there were multiple skin lesions characterized by alopecia and depigmentation involving left and right eyelids; leukotrichia of the periorbital areas and depigmentation of the nasal planum and all paw pads. Histopathological findings were nonspecific; they were supportive of vitiligo. Resolution of skin lesions was observed after stopping the toceranib phosphate therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on the gross lesions, histopathological features before and after tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, and Naranjo score, this case was considered to be consistent with cutaneous adverse drug effects. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing the clinical and histopathological features of presumed drug-induced skin depigmentation in a dog receiving toceranib phosphate.
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Jacqueline V J
JVJ
Cavalcanti
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Andrea
A
Hasbach
Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Katie
K
Barnes
Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Rahul B
RB
Dange
Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Jon
J
Patterson
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Paulo Vilar
PV
Saavedra
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D007211:Indoles / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008415:Mastocytosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012880:Skin Pigmentation / Q000187:drug effects*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; C464577:toceranib phosphate