New Korean isolates of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) differ in symptom severity and subcellular localization of the 126 kDa protein.
Two isolates of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were selected from a nationwide survey of pepper fields in South Korea in 2014 and 2015, in which Cucumber mosaic virus was also detected; the two PMMoV isolates, Sangcheong 47 (S-47, KX399390) and Jeongsong 76 (J-76, KX399389), share ~99% nucleotide and amino acid identity and are closely related to Japanese and Chinese isolates at the nucleotide level. Amino acid sequence comparisons revealed 99.73, 99.81, 98.44, and 100% identity in the ORF1, ORF2, MP, and CP, respectively, between S-47 and J-76. In addition, we generated infectious clones of S-47 and J-76, and T7 promoter driven transcripts of each inoculated to Nicotiana benthamiana produced very severe symptoms, whereas only mild symptoms developed in Capsicum annuum. Gene silencing suppressor function of 126 kDa and cytoskeleton-connected plasmodesmata localization of movement protein of S-47 and J-76 showed no difference between isolates, whereas 126 kDa of J-76 clearly formed intracellular aggregates not observed with S-47 126 kDa protein. Differences between these isolates in 126/183 kDa-related functions including subcellular localization suggest that differential interactions with host proteins may affect symptom development in C. annuum.
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
Sang-Hyuk
SH
Han
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
Jong-Seo
JS
Park
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
Jae-Yeong
JY
Han
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
Jun-Su
JS
Gong
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
Chan-Hwan
CH
Park
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
Jung-Kyu
JK
Kim
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
Eun-Young
EY
Seo
United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Crop Sciences, Champaign, IL, 61801, USA.
Leslie L
LL
Domier
United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, United States National Arboretum, Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit, 10300 Baltimore Avenue B-010A, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA. John.Hammond@ars.usda.gov.
John
J
Hammond
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea. hyounlim@cnu.ac.kr.
Hyoun-Sub
HS
Lim
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002212:Capsicum / Q000821:virology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017799:Cucumovirus / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000821:virology; D017898:Tobamovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D014764:Viral Proteins
Full-length infectious cDNA clone; In vitro transcription; Nationwide survey; Seed transmission; T7 promoter