A red-NIR fluorescent dye detecting nuclear DNA G-quadruplexes: in vitro analysis and cell imaging.
Aggregation, red-NIR emission and light-up upon nucleic acid G-quadruplex binding have been investigated for a prototype core-extended naphthalene diimide, which is capable of fast cellular entry and nucleolar localization. Both high-level colocalization with an anti-G-quadruplex antibody and nucleolin displacement reveal that the compound targets and thus makes visible nuclear DNA G-quadruplexes.
Dept. of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy. mauro.freccero@unipv.it.
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http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1308-1060
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Doria
Dept. of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy. sara.richter@unipd.it.
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http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3831-4892
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Nadai
Dept. of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy. mauro.freccero@unipv.it.
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Zuffo
Dept. of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy. sara.richter@unipd.it.
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http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-4548
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Perrone
Dept. of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy. mauro.freccero@unipv.it.
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http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7438-1526
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Freccero
Dept. of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy. sara.richter@unipd.it.
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Richter
D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000276:immunology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D054856:G-Quadruplexes; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007094:Imides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
D000906:Antibodies; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007094:Imides; D009281:Naphthalenes; C047458:fibrillarin; C542131:naphthalenediimide