In Vitro Sensitivity of CutaneousLeishmaniaPromastigote Isolates Circulating in French Guiana to a Set of Drugs.
AbstractAnti-leishmaniasis drug resistance is a common problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to inventory the general in vitro level of sensitivity ofLeishmaniaisolates circulating in French Guiana and to highlight potential in vitro pentamidine-resistant isolates. This sensitivity study was conducted on 36 patient-promastigote isolates for seven drugs (amphotericin B, azithromycin, fluconazole, meglumine antimoniate, miltefosine, paromomycin, and pentamidine) using the Cell Counting Kit-8 viability test. The IC50values obtained were heterogeneous. One isolate exhibited high IC50values for almost all drugs tested. Pentamidine, which is the first-line treatment in French Guiana, showed efficacy at very low doses (mean of 0.0038 μg/mL). The concordance of the in vitro pentamidine results with the patients' clinical outcomes was 94% (K= 0.82).
Laboratoire Associé, Centre National de Référence Leishmania, Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie et Mycologie, General Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.|Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPaT), Université de Guyane, Labex CEBA, DFR Santé, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Marine
M
Ginouvès
Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPaT), Université de Guyane, Labex CEBA, DFR Santé, Cayenne, French Guiana.|Laboratoire Associé, Centre National de Référence Leishmania, Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie et Mycologie, General Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Stéphane
S
Simon
Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPaT), Université de Guyane, Labex CEBA, DFR Santé, Cayenne, French Guiana.|Centre d'Investigation Clinique Epidémiologie Clinique Antilles Guyane CIC EC 1424, General Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Mathieu
M
Nacher
Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPaT), Université de Guyane, Labex CEBA, DFR Santé, Cayenne, French Guiana.|Laboratoire Associé, Centre National de Référence Leishmania, Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie et Mycologie, General Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.|Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie et Mycologie, General Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Magalie
M
Demar
Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPaT), Université de Guyane, Labex CEBA, DFR Santé, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Bernard
B
Carme
Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPaT), Université de Guyane, Labex CEBA, DFR Santé, Cayenne, French Guiana.|Service de Dermatologie, Institut Guyanais de Dermatologie Tropicale, General Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Pierre
P
Couppié
Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPaT), Université de Guyane, Labex CEBA, DFR Santé, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Ghislaine
G
Prévot
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018334:Leishmania guyanensis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D008536:Meglumine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010303:Paromomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010419:Pentamidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; C039128:miltefosine; D010303:Paromomycin; D010419:Pentamidine; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D000666:Amphotericin B; D017963:Azithromycin; D015725:Fluconazole