In vitro comparative assessment of decellularized bovine pericardial patches and commercial bioprosthetic heart valves.
Notwithstanding their wide exploitation, biological prosthetic heart valves are characterized by limited durability (10-15 years). The treatment of biological tissues with chemical crosslinking agents such as glutaraldehyde accounts for the enhanced risk of structural deterioration associated with the early failure of bioprosthetic valves. To overcome the shortcomings of the currently available solutions, adoption of decellularized biological tissues of animal origin has emerged as a promising approach. The present study aims to assess in vitro cardiovascular scaffolds composed of bovine pericardium decellularized with the novel TRITDOC (TRIton-X100 and TauroDeOxyCholic acid) procedure. The effects of the treatment have been assessed by means of histological, biomolecular, cellular, biochemical and biomechanical analyses. The TRITDOC procedure grants the complete decellularization of bovine pericardial scaffolds while preserving the extracellular matrix architecture and the biomechanical properties. With a dedicated ELISA test, the TRITDOC procedure has been proven to ensure the complete removal of the alphaGal antigen, responsible for hyperacute rejection and for long-term deterioration of xenogenic biomaterials. Static seeding of the acellular pericardial patches with human adipose-derived stem cells resulted in an evenly repopulated scaffold without signs of calcification. The in vitro cyto-/immuno-compatibility response of the TRITDOC-bovine pericardium was compared with glutaraldehyde-treated xenogenic pericardium collected from two bioprosthetic devices currently used in clinical practice: PERIMOUNT MAGNA and TRIFECTATM. TRITDOC-bovine pericardium exhibited lower complement activation, lower cytotoxicity and a lower tendency to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to the tested commercial bioprostheses. Therefore, TRITDOC-decellularized pericardium could be considered as possible candidate material for the production of prosthetic heart valves.
Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, I-35128, Padua, Italy. Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.
Paola
P
Aguiari
Laura
L
Iop
Francesca
F
Favaretto
Cátia Marisa Lourenco
CM
Fidalgo
Filippo
F
Naso
Gabriella
G
Milan
Vincenzo
V
Vindigni
Michel
M
Spina
Franco
F
Bassetto
Andrea
A
Bagno
Roberto
R
Vettor
Gino
G
Gerosa
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003167:Complement Activation; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D005976:Glutaral; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008422:Materials Testing; D017830:Octoxynol; D010496:Pericardium / Q000166:cytology; D013657:Taurodeoxycholic Acid; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D020298:U937 Cells
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D013657:Taurodeoxycholic Acid; D017830:Octoxynol; D005976:Glutaral