PAR-2 expression in the gingival crevicular fluid reflects chronic periodontitis severity.
Recent studies investigating protease-activated receptor type 2 (PAR-2) suggest an association between the receptor and periodontal inflammation. It is known that gingipain, a bacterial protease secreted by the important periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis can activate PAR-2. Previous studies by our group found that PAR-2 is overexpressed in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with moderate chronic periodontitis (MP). The present study aimed at evaluating whether PAR-2 expression is associated with chronic periodontitis severity. GCF samples and clinical parameters, including plaque and bleeding on probing indices, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level, were collected from the control group (n = 19) at baseline, and from MP patients (n = 19) and severe chronic periodontitis (SP) (n = 19) patients before and 6 weeks after periodontal non-surgical treatment. PAR-2 and gingipain messenger RNA (mRNA) in the GCF of 4 periodontal sites per patient were evaluated by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). PAR-2 and gingipain expressions were greater in periodontitis patients than in control group patients. In addition, the SP group presented increased PAR-2 and gingipain mRNA levels, compared with the MP group. Furthermore, periodontal treatment significantly reduced (p <0.05) PAR-2 expression in patients with periodontitis. In conclusion, PAR-2 is associated with chronic periodontitis severity and with gingipain levels in the periodontal pocket, thus suggesting that PAR-2 expression in the GCF reflects the severity of destruction during periodontal infection.
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Henrique
H
Fukushima
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Vanessa Tubero Euzebio
VT
Alves
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Verônica Franco de
VF
Carvalho
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Lucas Macedo Batitucci
LM
Ambrósio
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Biomedical Institute, Division of Pharmacology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rosangela Aparecida Dos Santos
RA
Eichler
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Biomedical Institute, Division of Pharmacology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Maria Helena Catelli de
MH
Carvalho
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Luciana
L
Saraiva
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Marinella
M
Holzhausen
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000473:pathology*; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D000080867:Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2 / Q000032:analysis*; D012016:Reference Values; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D015415:Biomarkers; D000080867:Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases