Chronic demyelination-induced seizures.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are three to six times more likely to develop epilepsy compared to the rest of the population. Seizures are more common in patients with early onset or progressive forms of the disease and prognosticate rapid progression to disability and death. Gray matter atrophy, hippocampal lesions, interneuron loss, and elevated juxtacortical lesion burden have been identified in MS patients with seizures; however, translational studies aimed at elucidating the pathophysiological processes underlying MS epileptogenesis are limited. Here, we report that cuprizone-mediated chronically demyelinated (9-12weeks) mice exhibit marked changes to dorsal hippocampal electroencephalography (EEG) and evidence of overt seizure activity. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses within the hippocampal CA1 region revealed extensive demyelination, loss of parvalbumin (PV+) interneurons, widespread gliosis, and changes in aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression. Our results suggest that chronically demyelinated mice are a valuable model with which we may begin to understand the mechanisms underlying demyelination-induced seizures.
Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Center for Glial-Neuronal Interactions, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Andrew S
AS
Lapato
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Jenny I
JI
Szu
Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Jonathan P C
JPC
Hasselmann
Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Anna J
AJ
Khalaj
Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Center for Glial-Neuronal Interactions, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Devin K
DK
Binder
Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Center for Glial-Neuronal Interactions, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. Electronic address: seema.tiwari-woodruff@medsch.ucr.edu.
Seema K
SK
Tiwari-Woodruff
D000818:Animals; D051401:Aquaporin 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D003471:Cuprizone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005911:Gliosis / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*
C496031:Aqp4 protein, mouse; D051401:Aquaporin 4; D003471:Cuprizone
axon damage; cuprizone; electroencephalography; hippocampus; multiple sclerosis; parvalbumin