Detection of microspheres in vivo using multispectral optoacoustic tomography.
We introduce a new approach to detect individual microparticles that contain NIR fluorescent dye by multispectral optoacoustic tomography in the context of the hemoglobin-rich environment within murine liver. We encapsulated a near infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye within polystyrene microspheres, then injected them into the ileocolic vein, which drains to the liver. NIR absorption was determined using multispectral optoacoustic tomography. To quantitate the minimum diameter of microspheres, we used both colorimetric and spatial information to segment the regions in which the microspheres appear. Regional diameter was estimated by doubling the maximum regional distance. We found that the minimum microsphere size threshold for detection by multispectral optoacoustic tomography images is 78.9 µm.
a Department of Surgery , University of Louisville , Louisville Kentucky.
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N
Bhutiani
a Department of Surgery , University of Louisville , Louisville Kentucky.
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CW
Kimbrough
b iThera Medical , Munich , Germany.
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NC
Burton
b iThera Medical , Munich , Germany.
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S
Morscher
a Department of Surgery , University of Louisville , Louisville Kentucky.
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M
Egger
a Department of Surgery , University of Louisville , Louisville Kentucky.
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K
McMasters
c Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo , New York.
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A
Woloszynska-Read
d Departments of Bioengineering.
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A
El-Baz
e Departments of Medicine , University of Louisville , Louisville Kentucky.
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LR
McNally
D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008863:Microspheres; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000379:methods*
C548458:2-(2-(2-chloro-3-((1,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1-propyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)ethylidene)-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-propylindolium; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007211:Indoles
imaging; liver; microsphere; multispectral optoacoustic tomography; near infrared dye; resolution