The Role of CYP2E1 in the Drug Metabolism or Bioactivation in the Brain.
Organisms have metabolic pathways that are responsible for removing toxic agents. We always associate the liver as the major organ responsible for detoxification of the body; however this process occurs in many tissues. In the same way, as in the liver, the brain expresses metabolic pathways associated with the elimination of xenobiotics. Besides the detoxifying role of CYP2E1 for compounds such as electrophilic agents, reactive oxygen species, free radical products, and the bioactivation of xenobiotics, CYP2E1 is also related in several diseases and pathophysiological conditions. In this review, we describe the presence of phase I monooxygenase CYP2E1 in regions of the brain. We also explore the conditions where protein, mRNA, and the activity of CYP2E1 are induced. Finally, we describe the relation of CYP2E1 in brain disorders, including the behavioral relations for alcohol consumption via CYP2E1 metabolism.
Departamento de Biología y Toxicología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72000 Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza, PUE, Mexico.
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García-Suástegui
Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 70228 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Ramos-Chávez
Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Rubio-Osornio
Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Calvillo-Velasco
Departamento de Investigación en Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Atzin-Méndez
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Guevara
Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269 Mexico City, Mexico.
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0000-0002-4679-5182
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Silva-Adaya
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010599:Pharmacokinetics
D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1