Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Pear Pomace Can Prevent High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats Mainly by Improving the Structure of the Gut Microbiota.
Supplement of dietary fibers (DF) is regarded as one of the most effective way to prevent and relieve chronic diseases caused by long-term intake of a high-fat diet in the current society. The health benefits of soluble dietary fibers (SDF) have been widely researched and applied, whereas the insoluble dietary fibers (IDF), which represent a higher proportion in plant food, were mistakenly thought to have effects only in fecal bulking. In this article, we proved the anti-obesity and glucose homeostasis improvement effects of IDF from pear pomace at first, and then the mechanisms responsible for these effects were analyzed. The preliminary study by real-time PCR and ELISA showed that this kind of IDF caused more changes in the gut microbiota compared with in satiety hormone or in hepatic metabolism. Further analysis of the gut microbiota by high-throughput amplicon sequencing showed IDF from pear pomace obviously improved the structure of the gut microbiota. Specifically, it promoted the growth of Bacteroidetes and inhibited the growth of Firmicutes. These results are coincident with previous hypothesis that the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes is negatively related with obesity. In conclusion, our results demonstrated IDF from pear pomace could prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats mainly by improving the structure of the gut microbiota.
College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P.R. China.|College of Agriculture, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, P.R. China.
Shimin
S
Chang
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
Xingtian
X
Cui
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
Mingzhang
M
Guo
College of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P.R. China.
Yiling
Y
Tian
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
Wentao
W
Xu
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
Kunlun
K
Huang
College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P.R. China.
Yuxing
Y
Zhang
D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000379:methods*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005223:Fats / Q000032:analysis; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006405:Hematology; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D031989:Pyrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005223:Fats; D006728:Hormones; D012313:RNA; D005947:Glucose
Insoluble dietary fiber; amplicon sequencing; anti-obesity; gut microbiota