Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP)-Activated Protein Kinase: A New Target for Nutraceutical Compounds.
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important energy sensor which is activated by increases in adenosine monophosphate (AMP)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ratio and/or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)/ATP ratio, and increases different metabolic pathways such as fatty acid oxidation, glucose transport and mitochondrial biogenesis. In this sense, AMPK maintains cellular energy homeostasis by induction of catabolism and inhibition of ATP-consuming biosynthetic pathways to preserve ATP levels. Several studies indicate a reduction of AMPK sensitivity to cellular stress during aging and this could impair the downstream signaling and the maintenance of the cellular energy balance and the stress resistance. However, several diseases have been related with an AMPK dysfunction. Alterations in AMPK signaling decrease mitochondrial biogenesis, increase cellular stress and induce inflammation, which are typical events of the aging process and have been associated to several pathological processes. In this sense, in the last few years AMPK has been identified as a very interesting target and different nutraceutical compounds are being studied for an interesting potential effect on AMPK induction. In this review, we will evaluate the interaction of the different nutraceutical compounds to induce the AMPK phosphorylation and the applications in diseases such as cancer, type II diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases or cardiovascular diseases.
Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain. fabiolamag@gmail.com.
Fabiola
F
Marín-Aguilar
Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain. luchopavillard@gmail.com.
Luis E
LE
Pavillard
Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche-Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60100, Italy. f.giampieri@univpm.it.
Francesca
F
Giampieri
Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain. pbullon@us.es.
Pedro
P
Bullón
Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain. mdcormor@us.es.
Mario D
MD
Cordero
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D021122:Protein Subunits; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D021122:Protein Subunits; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK); cancer; cardiovascular diseases; neurodegenerative diseases; nutraceutical compounds; type II diabetes