Effect of domestication on the genetic diversity and structure of Saccharina japonica populations in China.
Saccharina japonica is a commercially and ecologically important seaweed and is an excellent system for understanding the effects of domestication on marine crops. In this study, we used 19 selected simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to investigate the influence of domestication on the genetic diversity and structure of S. japonica populations. Wild kelp populations exhibited higher genetic diversity than cultivated populations based on total NA, HE, HO, NPand AR. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), a neighbour-joining (NJ) tree and STRUCTURE analyses indicated that S. japonica populations could be divided into two groups (a cultivated/introduced group and a wild indigenous group) with significant genetic differentiation (P < 0.0001). Divergent selection, continuous inbreeding and inter-specific hybridization have caused the divergence of these two genetically separate gene pools. The significant genetic differentiation between northern and southern cultivated populations appears to be due to inter-specific hybridization and wild germplasm introduction during the domestication process. In addition, the cultivation of S. japonica has not resulted in any serious genetic disturbance of wild introduced S. japonica populations. An understanding of the genetic diversity and genetic structure of domesticated S. japonica will be necessary for further genetic improvement and effective use of germplasm.
Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.|Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Jie
J
Zhang
Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.|Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
Xiuliang
X
Wang
Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.|Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
Jianting
J
Yao
Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.|Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Qiuying
Q
Li
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Fuli
F
Liu
Field Science Centre for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0809, Japan.
Norishige
N
Yotsukura
Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre), Vladivostok, 690600, Russia.
Tatiana N
TN
Krupnova
Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.|Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
Delin
D
Duan
D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods; D002681:China; D000071278:Domestication; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016678:Genome; D006801:Humans; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D000069600:Plant Breeding; D012624:Seaweed / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*
D005819:Genetic Markers