Ameliorating effect of Celastrus paniculatus standardized extract and its fractions on 3-nitropropionic acid induced neuronal damage in rats: possible antioxidant mechanism.
BACKGROUND
Celastrus paniculatus Wild. (Celasteraceae) (CP) is a well-known Ayurvedic 'Medhya Rasayana' (nervine tonic), used extensively as a neuro-protective and memory enhancer, and in different central nervous system disorders.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of CP against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) induced Huntington's disease (HD) like symptoms in Wistar male rats.


METHODS
The ethanol extract of CP seeds (CPEE), prepared by maceration, was standardized on the basis of linoleic acid content (6.42%) using thin layer chromatography densitometric analysis. Protective effect of CPEE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and its various fractions, viz., petroleum ether (40 mg/kg), ethyl acetate (2.5 mg/kg), n-butanol (7 mg/kg) and aqueous (18 mg/kg), administered orally for 20 days, against 3-NP (10 mg/kg, i.p. for 14 days) was assessed by their effect on body weight, locomotor activity, grip strength, gait pattern and cognitive dysfunction and biochemical parameters for oxidative damage in the striatum and cortex regions of the brain.


RESULTS
CPEE (100 and 200 mg/kg) treated animals exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in behavioural and oxidative stress parameters in comparison to only 3-NP treated animals. Amongst various tested fractions of CPEE, aqueous fraction (AF) at 18 mg/kg exhibited maximum reversal of 3-NP induced behavioural and biochemical alterations, and was therefore also tested at 9 and 36 mg/kg. CPEE (100 mg/kg) and AF (36 mg/kg) exhibited maximum and significant (p < 0.05) attenuation of 3-NP induced alterations in comparison to 3-NP treated rats.


CONCLUSIONS
CPEE has a protective action against 3-NP induced HD like symptoms due to its strong antioxidant effect.
a University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India.
Jai
J
Malik
a University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India.
Maninder
M
Karan
a University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India.
Rachna
R
Dogra
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D031247:Celastrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005684:Gait / Q000187:drug effects; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011422:Propionates; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors
D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011422:Propionates; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; C015392:3-nitropropionic acid
3-Nitropropionic acid; Huntington's disease; Jyotishmati; Malkangni