title: Congenital high airways obstruction syndrome - first and second trimester diagnosis.
abstract: Congenital High Airways Obstruction Syndrome (CHAOS) is a rare condition associated with high fetal or neonatal mortality. Prenatal diagnosis in the second trimester is made by the typical ultrasound features of large echogenic lungs, a flattened or inverted diaphragm, and fetal ascites or hydrops. We present two cases diagnosed at our institution; one in the second trimester, and a first trimester diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, first trimester diagnosis of CHAOS has not been previously reported.
authors.affiliation: Fetal Medicine UnitDivision of Women Youth and ChildrenCanberra Hospital GarranAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia; Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyAustralian National UniversityMedical School CanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia.
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paoletti
authors.affiliation: Fetal Medicine UnitDivision of Women Youth and ChildrenCanberra Hospital GarranAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia; Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyAustralian National UniversityMedical School CanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia.
authors.forename: Meiri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robertson
keywords: laryngeal atresia; prenatal diagnosis; tracheal agenesis