title: 'Ecosystem service opportunities': A practice-oriented framework for identifying economic instruments to enhance biodiversity and human livelihoods.
abstract: Economic instruments that promise "win-win" solutions for both biodiversity conservation and human livelihoods have become increasingly popular over recent years. There however remains a gap in terms of practical and policy-relevant guidance about appropriate approaches that take into account the local needs and the specific cultural, legal, and ecological context in which such instruments are being developed and applied. This paper presents a step-by-step framework that helps conservation and development planners and practitioners to identify economic instruments that can promote pro-conservation behaviour in a specific setting. The concept of 'ecosystem service opportunities' builds on, and brings together, general economic principles and an ecosystem services perspective. The framework was designed to also address a number of concerns regarding economic approaches in order to help practitioners recognise the potentials and limits of economic approaches to nature conservation. The framework is illustrated by its application within the realm of a biodiversity conservation project in Thailand.
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Dept. of Environmental Politics, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rode
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Dept. of Environmental Politics, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wittmer
authors.affiliation: Environment Management Group, Sri Lanka.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Emerton
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Dept. of Economics, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schröter-Schlaack
keywords: Assessment framework; Conservation management; Economic instruments; Ecosystem services