title: HTLV-1 seroprevalance in sarcoidosis. A clinical and laboratory study in northeast of Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sarcoidosis is an autoimmune multiorgan granulomatosis disease with unknown origin. Some environmental factors such as viruses may induce the disease in genetically susceptible individuals. Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) can dysregulate the human immune system and the role of this virus in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has been investigated and documented, such as in uveitis. In this study, we have focused on the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 in sarcoidosis in comparison to the normal population in the northeast of Iran, an endemic area for HTLV-1.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study enrolled 125 patients with established sarcoidosis to evaluate the frequency of HTLV-1 and compare it with the normal population of Mashhad, Iran. Participants' blood samples were analyzed for HTLV-1 antibody by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Positive results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction method. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS 11.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among sarcoidosis patients 106 (84.8%) patients had a history of acute course and 19 (15.2%) had chronic sarcoidosis. Four percent of the patients versus 2.12% of the Mashhad population were HTLV-1 positive with no statistical difference (P = 0.201). In age- and sex-matched selected controls, 3.6% were HTLV-1 positive again with no statistical difference by sarcoidosis group (P = 0.52). There was no statistical difference between arthritis, erythema nodusom, uveitis, constitutional symptoms, abnormal chest radiography (parahilar lymphadenopathy) and computed tomography scan findings, respiratory symptoms, sex, the course of the sarcoidosis in HTLV-1 positive and negative sarcoidosis patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of HTLV-1 in 125 sarcoidosis patients was 4%. In comparison with prevalence of HTLV-1 in Mashhad, HTLV-1 seroprevalence did not show any significant difference.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saghafi
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rezaieyazdi
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nabavi
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mirfeizi
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sahebari
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012698:Serologic Tests
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: HTLV-1; Lofgren's syndrome; human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1; sarcoid arthropathy; sarcoidosis