title: Possible Impact of 190G > A CCR2 and Δ32 CCR5 Mutations on Decrease of the HBV Vaccine Immunogenicity-A Preliminary Report.
abstract: Background: Chemokine genetic variations are involved in infectious diseases such as hepatitis B virus (HBV). Several allelic variants might, in theory, affect the outcome of vaccination.Objectives: This study was carried out to examine the associations of Δ32CCR5and 190G > ACCR2polymorphisms with a response to a primary course of three HBV vaccinations.Methods: Between December 2014 and December 2016, patients from three randomly selected primary care clinics in the West Pomeranian region (Poland), 1 month after receiving the third dose of HBV vaccine, were enrolled. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system version 3.0 was used to detect anti-HBs and anti-HBc totals. The identification of polymorphisms were performed by a polymerase chain reaction technique using a single primer extension assay. Genotype distributions of responders versus non-responders to HBV vaccination were compared on the basis of anti-HBs level.Results: In 149 patients (mean age 60 years) the mean anti-HBs level was 652.2 ± 425.9 mIU/mL (range: 0-1111.0 mIU/mL). There were 14.1% (n= 21) non-responders to the HBV vaccine (anti-HBs < 10.0 mIU/mL). The wild type/Δ32 genotype ofCCR5gene was found in 18.1% participants, and 1.3% were Δ32/Δ32 homozygotes. The frequency of allele A of theCCR2gene was 11.1%. Lower anti-HBs levels in Δ32/Δ32 homozygotes were observed (Me = 61 mIU/mL vs. Me = 660.2 mIU/mL;p= 0.048). As age was found to be a correlate to the anti-HBs titer (r= -0.218,p= 0.0075; 95% CI: -0.366--0.059)-an analysis of a co-variance was performed which found a statistically significant (p= 0.04) difference in anti-HBs titres between Δ32/Δ32 homozygotes and otherCCR5genotypes. The association between anti-HBs titres andCCR2genotypes was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Our study-which is a preliminary report that suggest this topic deserves further observation with larger sample sizes, different ethnicities, and other single nucleotide poly-morphisms (SNPs)-suggests the possible involvement ofCCR5polymorphism in impairing the immunologic response to HBV vaccination, predominantly in relation to the passage of time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Management, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland. mganczak@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ganczak
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontobiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland. karolina.skonieczna-zydecka@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Skonieczna-Żydecka
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Management, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland. marzena.drozd@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drozd-Dąbrowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontobiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland. grazyna.adler@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D000071497:Immunogenicity, Vaccine / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics*; D012698:Serologic Tests
chemical_list: C584933:CCR5 protein, human; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D019713:Receptors, CCR5
keywords: CCR2; CCR5; HBV; immunogenicity; polymorphism; vaccination