title: Longitudinal On-Column Thermal Modulation for Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography.
abstract: Longitudinal on-column thermal modulation for comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography is introduced. Modulation optimization involved a systematic investigation of heat transfer, analyte retention, and migration velocity at a range of temperatures. Longitudinal on-column thermal modulation was realized using a set of alkylphenones and compared to a conventional valve-modulator employing sample loops. The thermal modulator showed a reduced modulation-induced pressure impact than valve modulation, resulting in reduced baseline perturbation by a factor of 6; yielding a 6-14-fold improvement in signal-to-noise. A red wine sample was analyzed to demonstrate the potential of the longitudinal on-column thermal modulator for separation of a complex sample. Discrete peaks in the second dimension using the thermal modulator were 30-55% narrower than with the valve modulator. The results shown herein demonstrate the benefits of an active focusing modulator, such as reduced detection limits and increased total peak capacity.
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
authors.forename: Mari E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Creese
authors.affiliation: Allison Laboratories Pty Ltd. , Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005, Australia.
authors.forename: Mathew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Creese
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.|Department of Chemistry, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Joe P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.affiliation: HJ Cortes Consulting LLC , Midland, Michigan 48642, United States.
authors.forename: Hernan J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.|Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia , GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
authors.forename: Emily F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Hilder
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.|Trajan Scientific and Medical , 7 Argent Place, Ringwood, Victoria 3134, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Shellie
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5591-4326
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Breadmore