title: Real-time liver uptake and biodistribution of magnetic nanoparticles determined by AC biosusceptometry.
abstract: We describe the development of a joint in vivo/ex vivo protocol to monitor magnetic nanoparticles in animal models. Alternating current biosusceptometry (ACB) enables the assessment of magnetic nanoparticle accumulation, followed by quantitative analysis of concentrations in organs of interest. We present a study of real-time liver accumulation, followed by the assessment of sequential biodistribution using the same technique. For quantification, we validated our results by comparing all of the data with electron spin resonance (ESR). The ACB had viable temporal resolution and accuracy to differentiate temporal parameters of liver accumulation, caused by vasculature extravasation and macrophages action. The biodistribution experiment showed different uptake profiles for different doses and injection protocols. Comparisons with the ESR system indicated a correlation index of 0.993. We present the ACB system as an accessible and versatile tool to monitor magnetic nanoparticles, allowing in vivo and real-time evaluations of distribution and quantitative assessments of particle concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomagnetismo, Departamento de Física e Biofísica, IBB, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: caioquini@ibb.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Caio C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Quini
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomagnetismo, Departamento de Física e Biofísica, IBB, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: André G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Próspero
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomagnetismo, Departamento de Física e Biofísica, IBB, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos F F
authors.initials: MFF
authors.lastname: Calabresi
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomagnetismo, Departamento de Física e Biofísica, IBB, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Moretto
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zufelato
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Doenças Tropicais e Diagnóstico por Imagem, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diana R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Pina
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Oswaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baffa
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andris F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Bakuzis
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomagnetismo, Departamento de Física e Biofísica, IBB, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose R A
authors.initials: JRA
authors.lastname: Miranda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008280:Magnetics / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles
keywords: AC biosusceptometry; Biomedical instruments; Magnetic nanoparticles; Nanoparticle uptake; Quantification methods; Real time monitoring