title: Systematic Evaluation of Pleiotropy Identifies 6 Further Loci Associated With Coronary Artery Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genome-wide association studies have so far identified 56 loci associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Many CAD loci show pleiotropy; that is, they are also associated with other diseases or traits.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to systematically test if genetic variants identified for non-CAD diseases/traits also associate with CAD and to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the extent of pleiotropy of all CAD loci.
  
  
  METHODS
  In discovery analyses involving 42,335 CAD cases and 78,240 control subjects we tested the association of 29,383 common (minor allele frequency >5%) single nucleotide polymorphisms available on the exome array, which included a substantial proportion of known or suspected single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with common diseases or traits as of 2011. Suggestive association signals were replicated in an additional 30,533 cases and 42,530 control subjects. To evaluate pleiotropy, we tested CAD loci for association with cardiovascular risk factors (lipid traits, blood pressure phenotypes, body mass index, diabetes, and smoking behavior), as well as with other diseases/traits through interrogation of currently available genome-wide association study catalogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 6 new loci associated with CAD at genome-wide significance: on 2q37 (KCNJ13-GIGYF2), 6p21 (C2), 11p15 (MRVI1-CTR9), 12q13 (LRP1), 12q24 (SCARB1), and 16q13 (CETP). Risk allele frequencies ranged from 0.15 to 0.86, and odds ratio per copy of the risk allele ranged from 1.04 to 1.09. Of 62 new and known CAD loci, 24 (38.7%) showed statistical association with a traditional cardiovascular risk factor, with some showing multiple associations, and 29 (47%) showed associations at p < 1 × 10-4with a range of other diseases/traits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified 6 loci associated with CAD at genome-wide significance. Several CAD loci show substantial pleiotropy, which may help us understand the mechanisms by which these loci affect CAD risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany; University Heart Center Luebeck, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Erdmann
authors.affiliation: William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kathleen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Stirrups
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Nathan O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Stitziel
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicholas G D
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Masca
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany; DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Stavroula
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanoni
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany; Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Paola G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Ferrario
authors.affiliation: DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany; Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Inke R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: König
authors.affiliation: Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Eicher
authors.affiliation: Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hamby
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vascular Biology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Christer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Betsholtz
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translation Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Arno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruusalepp
authors.affiliation: Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Franzén
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Eric E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Schadt
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vascular Biology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translation Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Johan L M
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Björkegren
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Weeke
authors.affiliation: School of Public Heath, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Ursula M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Schick
authors.affiliation: The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Yingchang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Université de Montréal, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Dube
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anuj
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farrall
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Gina M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Peloso
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Hee
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Won
authors.affiliation: The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; The Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Do
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van Iperen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kruppa
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anubha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.affiliation: MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Willenborg
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Braund
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Julian C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: van Capelleveen
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alex S F
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Doney
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Louise A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asselta
authors.affiliation: Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Pier A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Merlini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duga
authors.affiliation: Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3 San Francesco, Nuoro, Italy 3, Nuoro, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marziliano
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biomedical informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Josh C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Denny
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shaffer
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Innere Medizin, Imland Klinik Rendsburg, Rendsburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nour Eddine
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: El-Mokhtari
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heilmann
authors.affiliation: McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hengstenberg
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Oddgeir L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Holmen
authors.affiliation: HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Health Trust, Levanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hveem
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Research Unit Skellefteå, Umeå University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan-Håkan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jöckel
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany; DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.affiliation: Research unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kriebel
authors.affiliation: DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Laugwitz
authors.affiliation: William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Eirini
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marouli
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Old Road Headington, Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.affiliation: Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Natalie R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Van Zuydam
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meisinger
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Tõnu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Esko
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Evelin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mihailov
authors.affiliation: Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Stefan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Escher
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Maris
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alver
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moebus
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular, Genetic and Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Jarma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Virtamo
authors.affiliation: Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikpay
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Oliviero
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Olivieri
authors.affiliation: Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Provost
authors.affiliation: Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Alaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: AlQarawi
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Neil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.affiliation: Merck Sharp & Dohme, Rahway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Karen O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Akinsansya
authors.affiliation: Merck Sharp & Dohme, Rahway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Dermot F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.affiliation: Merck Sharp & Dohme, Rahway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.affiliation: Merck Sharp & Dohme, Rahway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Folkert W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Asselbergs
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kooperberg
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Rebecca D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stahl
authors.affiliation: DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller-Nurasyid
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strauch
authors.affiliation: Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tibor V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.affiliation: Research unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waldenberger
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany; DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Lingyao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Veikko
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salomaa
authors.affiliation: Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: J Wouter
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jukema
authors.affiliation: Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amouyel
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kontto
authors.affiliation: Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Børge G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Nordestgaard
authors.affiliation: Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferrières
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Danish
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saleheen
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sattar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Praveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Surendran
authors.affiliation: Department of Epîdemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Joanna M M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Howson
authors.affiliation: MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Butterworth
authors.affiliation: MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Danesh
authors.affiliation: Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ardissino
authors.affiliation: The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Erwin P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Bottinger
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Erbel
authors.affiliation: Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Franks
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Girelli
authors.affiliation: Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alistair S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: G Kees
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Hovingh
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kastrati
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank popgen, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lieb
authors.affiliation: DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meitinger
authors.affiliation: Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.affiliation: Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Svati H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McPherson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmo, Lund University, Clinical Research Center, Malmo, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orho-Melander
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, University Hospital Malmo, Malmo, Sweden.
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Melander
authors.affiliation: Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Metspalu
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Colin N A
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cardiovascular Institute and Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rader
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Muredach P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.affiliation: The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Ruth J F
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Loos
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Alex P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Reiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Dan M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Roden
authors.affiliation: Université de Montréal, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tardif
authors.affiliation: NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom; Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Wareham
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.affiliation: Université de Montréal, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Cristen J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Willer
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom. Electronic address: njs@le.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Nilesh J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Samani
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany; DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Heribert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schunkert
authors.affiliation: William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: p.deloukas@qmul.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Panos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deloukas
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Sekar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kathiresan
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056426:Genetic Loci; D058685:Genetic Pleiotropy; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
keywords: cholesteryl ester transfer protein; expression quantitative trait loci; genetics; genome-wide association; single nucleotide polymorphism