title: Association between cognitive impairment and urinary dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Urinary dysfunction (UD) is a common non-motor feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), and might be secondary to neurodegeneration involving cortical and subcortical brain areas. The possible link between UD and cognitive deficits has never been examined in frontal cortex impairment, and is still not completely understood in PD. In the present study, 94 PD patients underwent a comprehensive motor, cognitive and non-motor assessment. It was shown that 55.3% of patients reported UD, of which 17% needed specific urological treatment. Patients who reported UD performed worse on global cognition (PANDA, p = .05), visuo-constructive functions (CERAD/praxis, p = .03; and Figure Test, p = .03), and instrumental activities of daily living functions (IADL, p = .03), than patients without UD. The group with UD medication performed worse on global cognition (PANDA, p = .02) and visuo-constructive functions (CERAD/praxis, p = .05; CERAD/praxis recall, p = .05) than the UD group without medication, independent of anticholinergic treatment effect. Our findings suggest an association between cognitive impairment and UD in PD independent from symptomatic treatment.
authors.affiliation: German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.|Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Zuzanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tkaczynska
authors.affiliation: Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.|Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pilotto
authors.affiliation: German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.|Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.|Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gräber-Sultan
authors.affiliation: Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.|Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.affiliation: German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany. inga.liepelt@dzne.de.|Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. inga.liepelt@dzne.de.
authors.forename: Inga
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Liepelt-Scarfone
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000150:complications*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D057566:Self Report; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D064804:Urological Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D064804:Urological Agents
keywords: Bladder dysfunction; Cognition; Dementia; Neuropsychology; Parkinson’s disease; Urge incontinence