title: Efficacy of oral supplemental hydration for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare oral rehydration solution (ORS) with saline infusion for preventing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (310-360 g) received intravenous indomethacin (10 mg/kg), NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10 mg/kg), and iohexol (10 mL/kg) to induce acute contrast-induced renal injury (CIN group); control rats received saline only. For hydration, rats received either continuous infusion (20 mL/kg/h) of saline or three oral doses (20 mL/kg each) of ORS. Acute renal injury was evaluated by assaying urine collected for 24 h beginning 2 h before the contrast injection, evaluating blood taken 22 h after the contrast injection, and examining the kidneys histopathologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hydration with saline prevented only the contrast-induced increase in plasma creatinine, whereas ORS prevented deleterious changes in plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine clearance as well as in urinary protein, albumin, and N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase concentrations. Histopathologic changes noted in the CIN group were diminished in both saline and ORS groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both intravenous saline administration and oral hydration with ORS decreased the severity of CIN. Hydration with ORS was comparable to intravenous saline infusion in preventing CIN-associated abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Izunokuni, Japan.
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunami
authors.affiliation: Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hino
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dosho
authors.affiliation: Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Sho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyatake
authors.affiliation: Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Goro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ebisu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. kuwaturu@juntendo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1960-6400
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuwatsuru
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007472:Iohexol / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D007213:Indomethacin
keywords: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN); Experimental animal model; Kidney; Oral rehydration solution; Prophylaxis