title: Perceptions of Improved Biomass and Liquefied Petroleum Gas Stoves in Puno, Peru: Implications for Promoting Sustained and Exclusive Adoption of Clean Cooking Technologies.
abstract: Many households in low- and middle-income countries cook with inefficient biomass-burning stoves, which cause high levels of household air pollution and threaten long-term health. Although clean stoves and fuels are available, uptake and consistent use has been low. Using observations and in-depth interviews, we assessed the attitudes, preferences, and beliefs about traditional versus liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stoves in rural Puno, Peru. A total of 31 in-depth interviews were conducted with primary cooks and their families, health workers, community leaders, and improved stove contractors. Six in-home observations of meal preparation were also conducted. Six major barriers to consistent use of clean stoves were identified: (1) perceived differences in food taste and nutrition by stove type; (2) cooking niches filled by different stoves; (3) social norms related to cooking practices; (4) safety concerns; (5) comparative costs of using different stoves; and (6) lack of awareness and concern about long-term health risks. These findings suggest that to successfully reduce household air pollution, clean cooking programs and policies must consider the many factors influencing adoption beyond health, such as cost, taste, fears, and cultural traditions. These factors could be incorporated into community-based and national efforts to scale-up sustained and exclusive adoption of clean cooking.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. jhollada@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hollada
authors.affiliation: Social and Behavioral Interventions Program, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Kendra.Williams@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Kendra N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. chooper5@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Catherine H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Miele
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Unit, A.B. PRISMA, Lima 32, Peru. ddanzc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Danz
authors.affiliation: Social and Behavioral Interventions Program, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Steven.Harvey@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. wcheckl1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Checkley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003296:Cooking / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006794:Household Articles; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010568:Peru; D010578:Petroleum; D059205:Renewable Energy; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum
keywords: biomass; clean cooking adoption; clean fuel; exclusive use; household air pollution; improved cookstoves; liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)