title: Acute Mental Discomfort Associated with Suicide Behavior in a Clinical Sample of Patients with Affective Disorders: Ascertaining Critical Variables Using Artificial Intelligence Tools.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In efforts to develop reliable methods to detect the likelihood of impending suicidal behaviors, we have proposed the following.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To gain a deeper understanding of the state of suicide risk by determining the combination of variables that distinguishes between groups with and without suicide risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study involving 707 patients consulting for mental health issues in three health centers in Greater Santiago, Chile. Using 345 variables, an analysis was carried out with artificial intelligence tools, Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining processes, and decision tree techniques. The basic algorithm was top-down, and the most suitable division produced by the tree was selected by using the lowest Gini index as a criterion and by looping it until the condition of belonging to the group with suicidal behavior was fulfilled.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four trees distinguishing the groups were obtained, of which the elements of one were analyzed in greater detail, since this tree included both clinical and personality variables. This specific tree consists of six nodes without suicide risk and eight nodes with suicide risk (tree decision 01, accuracy 0.674, precision 0.652, recall 0.678, specificity 0.670,Fmeasure 0.665, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) 73.35%; tree decision 02, accuracy 0.669, precision 0.642, recall 0.694, specificity 0.647,Fmeasure 0.667, ROC AUC 68.91%; tree decision 03, accuracy 0.681, precision 0.675, recall 0.638, specificity 0.721,Fmeasure, 0.656, ROC AUC 65.86%; tree decision 04, accuracy 0.714, precision 0.734, recall 0.628, specificity 0.792,Fmeasure 0.677, ROC AUC 58.85%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study defines the interactions among a group of variables associated with suicidal ideation and behavior. By using these variables, it may be possible to create a quick and easy-to-use tool. As such, psychotherapeutic interventions could be designed to mitigate the impact of these variables on the emotional state of individuals, thereby reducing eventual risk of suicide. Such interventions may reinforce psychological well-being, feelings of self-worth, and reasons for living, for each individual in certain groups of patients.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Orietta
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Echávarri
authors.affiliation: Independent researcher, Avenida José Manso de Velasco 6968 , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Fabián
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Independent researcher, Isla Darwin 8726 , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osses
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile; School of Nursery, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moya
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: María Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Maino
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Ronit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fischman
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Núñez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Tita
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szmulewicz
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile; School of Psychology, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Alemka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomicic
keywords: affective disorders; artificial intelligence; protective factors; risk factors; suicide