title: Time, Concentration, and pH-Dependent Transport and Uptake of Anthocyanins in a Human Gastric Epithelial (NCI-N87) Cell Line.
abstract: Anthocyanins are the largest class of water soluble plant pigments and a common part of the human diet. They may have many potential health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and cardioprotective activities. However, anthocyanin metabolism is not well understood. Studies suggest that anthocyanins absorption may occur in the stomach, in which the acidic pH favors anthocyanin stability. A gastric epithelial cell line (NCI-N87) has been used to study the behavior of anthocyanins at a pH range of 3.0-7.4. This work examines the effects of time (0-3 h), concentration (50-1500 µM), and pH (3.0, 5.0, 7.4) on the transport and uptake of anthocyanins using NCI-N87 cells. Anthocyanins were transported from the apical to basolateral side of NCI-N87 cells in time and dose dependent manners. Over the treatment time of 3 h the rate of transport increased, especially with higher anthocyanin concentrations. The non-linear rate of transport may suggest an active mechanism for the transport of anthocyanins across the NCI-N87 monolayer. At apical pH 3.0, higher anthocyanin transport was observed compared to pH 5.0 and 7.4. Reduced transport of anthocyanins was found to occur at apical pH 5.0.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Atnip.1@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Allison A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Atnip
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Sigurdson.5@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Gregory T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Sigurdson
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Bomser.1@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bomser
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Giusti.6@osu.edu.
authors.forename: M Mónica
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Giusti
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001692:Biological Transport; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins
keywords: NCI-N87 cell line; anthocyanins; chokeberry; gastric; stomach; uptake