title: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Ageing Indices in Relation to Glycated Haemoglobin in Healthy and Diabetic Subjects.
abstract: Ageing is a natural phenomenon that has tremendous amount of control over normal physiological functions. Diabetes mellitus and ageing share common symptoms like stiffness and loss of functioning of tissues due to cross-liked proteins and free radicals. Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) is often used as a stable cumulative index of glycemic control and has shown that even in non-diabetic adults, there is a steady increase in HbA1c levels with age. Aim of the study is to evaluate the strength of association of HbA1c with metabolic and cardiovascular ageing indices in subjects between the age group of 40 to 60 yrs.
  
  
  
  A total of 220 subjects, with (n=110) and without (n=110) diabetes were assessed for the metabolic and cardiovascular ageing indices. BMI, waist hip ratio, fat percentage, Fasting blood sugar and HbA1c were assessed as metabolic ageing indices. The cardiovascular ageing indices measured were resting heart rate, blood pressure and heart rate variability.
  
  
  
  Ageing indices were compared between subjects with and without diabetes using independent' t' test and showed that the T2DM group exhibit significant accelerated ageing as compared to that of the controls. Pearson's and partial correlation coefficient was used to assess the association of HbA1c with the ageing indices without and with controlling for chronological age, indicated that, strength of association of levels of HBA1c with cardiovascular and other metabolic indices of ageing is statistically significant.
  
  
  
  The study concludes that the tightness of glycemic control has a significant impact on the biological ageing process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, A J Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka - 575004, India.
authors.forename: Shruthi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suvarna H I
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Shailaja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moodithaya
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Raghava
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood*; D000886:Anthropometry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: Ageing; ageing index; glycosylated haemoglobin; heart rate variability; resting heart rate; type 2 diabetes mellitus