title: Hypomethylation of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 in human placenta of preeclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression, DNA methylation status and its regulatory mechanism of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) in human placenta tissues of preeclampsia (PE).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the mRNA and protein expression and the promoter methylation levels of TFPI-2 in the PE placentas compared with those in the normal pregnant (NP) women. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, western blot, and Sequenom MassARRAY were used for placenta tissue detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expressions of TFPI-2 mRNA and protein were significantly elevated in the PE placentas when compared with those in the NP ones (P<0.05). Hypomethylation of the TFPI-2 promoter was detected both in PE patients and NP women, with a significant decrease in PE placentas (P=0.005). The methylation level was significantly decreased at CpG_6 (-168 to -167), CpG_15 (-98 to -97) and CpG_18.19 (-68 to -65) in PE patients than that in normal placentas (P<0.05). However, the expression of DNMT-1 didn't show significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over-expression of TFPI-2 and aberrant promoter mythylation status presented in the PE placentas, suggesting that epigenetic mechanism might contribute to the pathogenesis of PE.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Xirong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Yongxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The International Peace Maternity, Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Lisha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Yunzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Qiongjie
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. Electronic address: xiaotianli555@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaotian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. Electronic address: xiongyu1535@163.com.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C021240:tissue-factor-pathway inhibitor 2
keywords: DNMT-1; Methylation; Placenta; Preeclampsia; TFPI-2