title: Half-metre sea-level fluctuations on centennial timescales from mid-Holocene corals of Southeast Asia.
abstract: Sea-level rise is a global problem, yet to forecast future changes, we must understand how and why relative sea level (RSL) varied in the past, on local to global scales. In East and Southeast Asia, details of Holocene RSL are poorly understood. Here we present two independent high-resolution RSL proxy records from Belitung Island on the Sunda Shelf. These records capture spatial variations in glacial isostatic adjustment and paleotidal range, yet both reveal a RSL history between 6850 and 6500 cal years BP that includes two 0.6 m fluctuations, with rates of RSL change reaching 13±4 mm per year (2σ). Observations along the south coast of China, although of a lower resolution, reveal fluctuations similar in amplitude and timing to those on the Sunda Shelf. The consistency of the Southeast Asian records, from sites 2,600 km apart, suggests that the records reflect regional changes in RSL that are unprecedented in modern times.
authors.affiliation: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
authors.forename: Aron J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2955-0896
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Meltzner
authors.affiliation: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.|Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.|Complexity Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
authors.forename: Adam D
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4352-7852
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Switzer
authors.affiliation: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.|Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.|Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.|Institute of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Horton
authors.affiliation: Institute of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.|Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, Rutgers University, 110 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ashe
authors.affiliation: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.|Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: School of Civil and Construction Engineering, Oregon State University, 1491 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA.
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands.|Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.affiliation: Institute of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.|Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.|Rutgers Energy Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4016-9428
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.affiliation: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.|Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
authors.forename: Emma M
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0231-5818
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.|Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jędrzej M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Majewski
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Geotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Kompleks LIPI, Gedung 70, Jalan Sangkuriang, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40135, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Danny H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Natawidjaja
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Geotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Kompleks LIPI, Gedung 70, Jalan Sangkuriang, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40135, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Bambang W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Suwargadi
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D002681:China; D002980:Climate; D057231:Climate Change; D057894:Coral Reefs; D005580:Fossils; D005843:Geography; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D055871:Tidal Waves; D013997:Time Factors; D014872:Water Movements