title: Microvalve-based bioprinting - process, bio-inks and applications.
abstract: Bioprinting is an emerging research field that has attracted tremendous attention for various applications; it offers a highly automated, advanced manufacturing platform for the fabrication of complex bioengineered constructs. Different bio-inks comprising multiple types of printable biomaterials and cells are utilized during the bioprinting process to improve the homology to native tissues and/or organs in a highly reproducible manner. This paper, presenting a first-time comprehensive yet succinct review of microvalve-based bioprinting, provides an in-depth analysis and comparison of different drop-on-demand bioprinting systems and highlights the important considerations for microvalve-based bioprinting systems. This review paper reports a detailed analysis of its printing process, bio-ink properties and cellular components on the printing outcomes. Lastly, this review highlights the significance of drop-on-demand bioprinting for various applications such as high-throughput screening, fundamental cell biology research, in situ bioprinting and fabrication of in vitro tissue constructs and also presents future directions to transform the microvalve-based bioprinting technology into imperative tools for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Singapore Centre for 3D Printing (SC3DP), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore. wyyeong@ntu.edu.sg and Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 73 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637662.
authors.forename: Wei Long
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7937-4010
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Singapore Centre for 3D Printing (SC3DP), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore. wyyeong@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Jia Min
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-630X
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Singapore Centre for 3D Printing (SC3DP), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore. wyyeong@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Wai Yee
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3640-0877
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Yeong
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 73 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637662.
authors.forename: May
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Win Naing
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D062028:Bioprinting / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008872:Microwaves; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods