title: Lipid droplet dynamics and insulin sensitivity upon a 5-day high-fat diet in Caucasians and South Asians.
abstract: A 5-day High-Fat High-Calorie diet (HFHC-diet) reduces insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Rd) in South Asian, but not Caucasian healthy lean males. We aimed to investigate if differences in myocellular lipid handling are underlying this differential response. A two-step hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and muscle biopsies were performed in 12 healthy lean Caucasian and South Asian males (BMI < 25 kg/m2, 19-25 years) before and after a 5-day HFHC-diet (regular diet + 375 mL cream/day; 1275 kcal/day; 94% fat). Triglyceride extractions and Western Blots for lipid droplet and mitochondrial proteins were performed. Intramyocellular lipid content and HFHC-diet response were similar between ethnicities (group effect: P = 0.094; diet effect: +~30%, P = 0.044). PLIN5 protein content increased upon the HFHC-diet (P = 0.031) and tended to be higher in South Asians (0.87 ± 0.42 AU vs. 1.35 ± 0.58 AU, P = 0.07). 4-HNE tended to increase in South Asians upon the HFHC-diet (interaction effect: P = 0.057). In Caucasians ΔPLIN5 content correlated with ΔRd(Caucasians: r = 0.756, P = 0.011; South Asians: r = -0.085, P = 0.816), while in South Asians Δ4-HNE associated with ΔPLIN5 content (Caucasians: r = 0.312, P = 0.380; South Asians: r = 0.771, P = 0.003). These data indicate that in Caucasians, PLIN5 may be protective against HFHC-diet induced insulin resistance, which for reasons not yet understood is not observed in South Asians, who possess increased lipid peroxidation levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gemmink
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, section Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Leontine E H
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.|Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guigas
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kornips
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schaart
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, section Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A Edo
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Meinders
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, section Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ingrid M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Jazet
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Matthijs K C
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hesselink
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D066292:Lipid Droplets / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008055:Lipids / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D000070797:Perilipin-5 / Q000378:metabolism; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids; C544352:PLIN5 protein, human; D000070797:Perilipin-5