title: Frequency of Bacterial Samples from Patients with Chronic Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dacryocystitis is an infection of lacremical sac due to obstruction of nasolacrimal duct which has primary or secondary causes. Idiopathic inflammatory obstruction is the primary cause. Trauma, infection, inflammation, neoplasia, and mechanical obstruction are secondary one.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is determination of bacterial samples from patients with chronic acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was contained 90 patients with dacryocystitis from 2010 to 2011, in Besat hospital. Convenience sampling in sterile condition sampling was performed by sterile swab from the pus out of the lacrimal sac. Blood agar, EMB, chocolate agar, and thioglycolate broth were used for bacterial cultivation. Various antibiotics were used for antibiotic resistance study. Finally, statistical analysis was done by SPSS ver. 15.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, the mean age of participants was 49.36 ± 12.18 years. Number of male and female patients was equal and Sampling was performed in 53.3% of patients from the right eye. The most frequent bacteria were Staphylococcus, E. coli, and Enterobacteriaceae, respectively. Also, our results show most of bacteria obtained from patients eye pus are sensitive to chloramphenicol and the most antibiotic resistance was for co-trimoxazole.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results illustrated gram-positive bacteria have an important role in dacryocystitis which is confirm previous studies. Although our results indicated chloramphenicol is the best choice for treatment process, but it is notable due to the variety of bacteria which can cause this disease, identification of bacterial contamination can be a great help to choose the best treatment process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Alzahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Kourosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shahraki
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makateb
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Keyvan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirzadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Keivan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khosravifard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003607:Dacryocystitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiotics; Dacryocystitis; Gram-positive bacteria; Lacremical sac; Patient