title: An oral absorbent, surface-deacetylated chitin nano-fiber ameliorates renal injury and oxidative stress in 5/6 nephrectomized rats.
abstract: In this study, we report that surface-deacetylated chitin nano-fibers (SDACNFs) are more effective in decreasing renal injury and oxidative stress than deacetylated chitin powder (DAC) in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. An oral administration of low doses of SDACNFs (40mg/kg/day) over a 4 week period resulted in a significant decrease in serum indoxyl sulfate, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, compared with a similar treatment with DAC or AST-120. The SDACNFs treatment also resulted in an increase in antioxidant potential, compared with that for DAC or AST-120. Immunohistochemical analyses also demonstrated that SDACNFs treated CRF rats showed a decrease in the amount of accumulated 8-OHdG compared with the CRF group. These results suggest that the ingestion of SDCH-NF results in a significant reduction in the levels of pro-oxidants, such as uremic toxins, in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby inhibiting the subsequent development of oxidative stress in the systemic circulation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan. Electronic address: anraku@ph.sojo-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anraku
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ifuku
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagae
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iohara
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Sanzo 1, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama 729-0292, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomida
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaneto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uekama
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamura
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumitoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan. Electronic address: otagirim@ph.sojo-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otagiri
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002244:Carbon / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002686:Chitin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007200:Indican / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009392:Nephrectomy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D002686:Chitin; D002244:Carbon; D007200:Indican
keywords: Adsorption; Antioxidant; Oxidative stress; Renal failure; Surface-deacetylated chitin nano-fiber