title: A Systematic Review of Technology-Based Dietary Intake Assessment Validation Studies That Include Carotenoid Biomarkers.
abstract: Technological advances have allowed for the evolution of traditional dietary assessment methods. The aim of this review is to evaluate the accuracy of technology-based dietary assessment methods to determine carotenoid and/or fruit and vegetable intake when compared with carotenoid biomarkers. An online search strategy was undertaken to identify studies published in the English language up to July 2016. Inclusion criteria were adults ≥18 years, a measure of dietary intake that used information and communication technologies that specified fruit and/or vegetable intake or dietary carotenoid, a biomarker of carotenoid status and the association between the two. Sixteen articles from 13 studies were included with the majority cross-sectional in design (n= 9). Some studies used multiple dietary assessment methods with the most common: food records (n= 7), 24-h diet recalls (n= 5), food frequency questionnaires (n= 3) and diet quality assessed by dietary screener (n= 1). Two studies were directly web based, with four studies using technology that could be completed offline and data later transferred. Two studies utilised technology in the collection of dietary data, while the majority (n= 11) automated the collection in combination with nutrient analysis of the dietary data. Four studies provided correlation values between dietary carotenoids with biomarkers, ranging fromr= 0.13 to 0.62 with the remaining studies comparing a measure of fruit and vegetable intake with biomarkers (r= 0.09 to 0.25). This review provides an overview of technology-based dietary assessment methods that have been used in validation studies with objectively measured carotenoids. Findings were positive with these dietary assessment measures showing mostly moderate associations with carotenoid biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. tracy.burrows@newcastle.edu.au.|Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. tracy.burrows@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Tracy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Burrows
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. Megan.rollo@newcastle.edu.au.|Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. Megan.rollo@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Megan E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rollo
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. Rebecca.Williams@newcastle.edu.au.|Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. Rebecca.Williams@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. Lisa.wood@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Lisa G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. Manohar.garg@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Manohar L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. Megan.jensen@newcastle.edu.au.|Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. Megan.jensen@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. clare.collins@newcastle.edu.au.|Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia. clare.collins@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Clare E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004032:Diet; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D054928:Validation Studies as Topic; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002338:Carotenoids
keywords: biomarker; carotenoids; fruit vegetables; validation