title: Measuring self-care in patients with heart failure: A review of the psychometric properties of the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale (EHFScBS).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to review and evaluate the evidence related to psychometric properties of the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale (EHFScBS) that was developed and tested to measure health maintenance behaviours of heart failure (HF) patients and translated into several languages.
  
  
  METHODS
  PRISMA guidelines were used to search major health databases (PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect), to identify relevant studies. A literature search was undertaken in November 2015. An integrative review, aiming to bring together all evidence relating to the psychometric properties (validity, reliability) of the EHFScBS was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  13 eligible studies were included. The results showed content, discriminant and convergent validity of the 9- and 12-item scale across the samples, while the factor structure of both versions of the scale was inconsistent. Most commonly used reliability estimates (Cronbach's alpha) of the total scale were satisfactory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, published data demonstrate satisfactory psychometric properties of the EHFScBS, indicating that the scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring health maintenance behaviours of HF patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taking the findings regarding the factorial structure of the scale into account, we recommend the use of the total EHFScBS score or scores on specific items.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia. Electronic address: natasa.sedlar@nijz.si.
authors.forename: Natasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sedlar
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Socan
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia; Department of Research, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Jerneja
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Jönköping University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mårtensson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Linköping University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strömberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Linköping University, Sweden; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia.
authors.forename: Tiny
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jaarsma
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Mitja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lainscak
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adaptation; EHFScBS; Self-care behaviour; Systematic review; Validation