title: Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Multidrug-ResistantMycobacterium tuberculosisIsolates from Sudanese Patients.
abstract: Background.Currently, mutations inrpoB,KatG, andrrsgenes andinhApromoter were considered to be involved in conferring resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, and streptomycin inMycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB).Objective.The aims of this study were to detect the prevalence of first-line tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance among a group of previously treated and newly detected TB patients, to determine the association between prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and demographic information (age and sex), to explain genes correlated with MDRMycobacterium tuberculosis, and to characterize MTB via 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) analysis.Methods.A hundred MTB isolates from Sudanese pulmonary TB patients were included in the study. The proportional method of drug susceptibility test was carried out on Löwenstein-Jensen media. Multiplex PCR ofrpoBandKatGgenes andinhApromoter was conducted; thenrrsgenes were amplified by conventional PCR and were sequenced. The sequences of the PCR product were compared with knownrrsgene sequences in the GenBank database by multiple sequence alignment tools.Result.The prevalence of MDR was 14.7% among old cases and 5.3% among newly diagnosed cases.Conclusion.Mutations inrrscould be considered as a diagnostic marker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ibn Sina University, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Solima M A
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4200-8994
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sabeel
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioinformatics, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Mohamed Ahmed
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Salih
authors.affiliation: Sudan Academy of Sciences, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Manasik
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Salah-Eldin
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: El-Zaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Nadir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abuzeid
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Zeinab Abubaker Mohammed
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Elgadi
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Department, College of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Hisham N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Altayb
authors.affiliation: National Reference Laboratory-Tuberculosis (NRL-TB), National Public Health Laboratory, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Asrar M A
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Elegail
authors.affiliation: National Reference Laboratory-Tuberculosis (NRL-TB), National Public Health Laboratory, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Nuha Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bahaeldin K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Elamin