title: Oxidative stress and genotoxicity biomarker responses in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to environmental concentration of 1-nitropyrene.
abstract: The present study aimed to assess whether environmental 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) concentration will induce genotoxicity and oxidative damages in tilapia, lives in estuarine and brackish water. Tilapia were exposed to waterborne 1-NP. Cellular antioxidant enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase and oxidative damage, i.e., lipid peroxidation, protein and DNA oxidation were used as biomarkers of oxidative stress, while the micronucleus test was used for evaluation of chromosomal damage and was used as an indication of genotoxicity. Results showed that all biomarkers for oxidative stress positively responded, and micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities frequencies significantly increased (p<0.001). This study showed that environmentally relevant 1-NP concentration in test water (0.15ng/L) and in fish (3ng/kg) induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress. Micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities were probably formed as a result of oxidative stress. In conclusion, exposure to lower waterborne 1-NP concentration can pose a risk to freshwater and estuarine organisms through accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of San Carlos, 6000 Cebu City, Philippines.
authors.forename: Eugene T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Bacolod
authors.affiliation: Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan. Electronic address: uno@fish.kagoshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.affiliation: Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan.
authors.forename: Shiela S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Villamor
authors.affiliation: Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan.
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D023681:Cichlids / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D017210:Tilapia / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D011721:Pyrenes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; C032668:1-nitropyrene
keywords: 1-nitropyrene; Environmental pollution; Genotoxicity; NPAHs; Oxidative stress