title: CSF YKL-40 and GAP-43 are related to suicidal ideation in older women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate possible relationships between suicidal ideation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of glial markers YKL-40 (also known as chitinase-3-like protein 1), growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and myelin basic protein (MBP).
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample was obtained from the Prospective Population Study of Women and included 86 women without dementia who underwent both psychiatric examinations and lumbar puncture (LP). Eight of these women reported past-month suicidal ideation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly, higher CSF levels of both YKL-40 and GAP-43 were detected in women with past-month suicidal ideation. Associations with suicidal ideation remained for both YKL-40 and GAP-43 in regression models adjusted for smoking status, BMI and age. CSF levels of YKL-40, GAP-43 and MBP did not differ by depression status. Higher levels of CSF GAP-43 were associated with feelings of worthlessness; a strong relationship was demonstrated in the fully adjusted model (OR 5.95 CI [1.52-23.20], P = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings of elevated CSF concentrations of both YKL-40 and GAP-43 in women with suicidal ideation, compared to those without, suggest that a disrupted synaptic glial functioning and inflammation may be related to the aetiology of suicidal ideation in older adults.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: I
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7936-0716
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rymo
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.|Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.affiliation: Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bjerke
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.|UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zetterberg
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marlow
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blennow
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gudmundsson
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Skoog
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waern
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D019922:GAP-43 Protein / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D059020:Suicidal Ideation
chemical_list: C084533:CHI3L1 protein, human; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D019922:GAP-43 Protein; C499048:MBP protein, human; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein
keywords: depression; old-age; suicide