title: High incidence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria-positive cultures among adolescent with cystic fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated the prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM)-positive cultures among our cystic fibrosis (CF) center patients, reviewed risk factors for NTM positivity, and determined its impact on lung function evolution.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2009 to 2014, CF adults and children attending the CF center of Lyon (France) and having at least one positive NTM isolate were included. Each case was matched by age and gender with two CF patients with no NTM isolate (controls).
  
  
  RESULTS
  48 CF patients with NTM-positive isolates were matched to 96 controls. The age group for whom incident NTM was higher was young adolescents aged 13 to 17. A significant association for NTM positivity was found with Staphylococcusaureus in multivariate analysis and with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, corticosteroid and itraconazole in univariate analysis. Mean annual FEV1 decline was faster for NTM-positive patients compared to controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data highlight the high incidence of NTM-positive cultures among young adolescents with CF.
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
authors.forename: Zoé
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cavalli
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; EA HESPER 7425, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France. Electronic address: quitterie.reynaud@chu-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: Quitterie
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Reynaud
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bricca
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Raphaële
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nove-Josserand
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Durupt
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Children Care Center, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; UMR 5558 (EMET), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reix
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perceval
authors.affiliation: Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Michèle Pérouse
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: de Montclos
authors.affiliation: Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lina
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; EA HESPER 7425, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Durieu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Cystic fibrosis; Mycobacterium abscessus; Mycobacterium avium; Non-tuberculous mycobacteria; Pulmonary disease