title: Unilateral Laryngeal Pacing System and Its Functional Evaluation.
abstract: Goal. To establish a reliable instrumental system for synchronized reactivation of a unilaterally paralyzed vocal fold and evaluate its functional feasibility.Methods. Unilateral vocal fold paralysis model was induced by destruction of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in anesthetized dogs. With a micro controller-based electronic system, electromyography (EMG) signals from cricothyroid (CT) muscle on the ipsilateral side were recorded and used to trigger pacing of paralyzed vocalis muscles. The dynamic movement of vocal folds was continuously monitored using an endoscope, and the opening and closing of the glottis were quantified with customized imaging processing software.Results. The recorded video images showed that left side vocal fold was obviously paralyzed after destructing the RLN. Using the pacing system with feedback triggering EMG signals from the ipsilateral CT muscle, the paralyzed vocal fold was successfully reactivated, and its movement was shown to be synchronized with the healthy side.Significance. The developed unilateral laryngeal pacing system triggered by EMG from the ipsilateral side CT muscle could be successfully used in unilateral vocal fold paralysis with the advantage of avoiding disturbance to the healthy side muscles.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Taiping
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8317-9469
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
authors.forename: Zhiping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Brain Function and Psychological Science Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Metokos LLC, P.O. Box 219244, Portland, OR 9221, USA.
authors.forename: Baker Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Fangyi
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9553-9102
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods*; D007821:Laryngeal Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D061224:Laryngeal Nerve Injuries / Q000150:complications; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000503:physiopathology*