title: Immune recognition surface construction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis epitope-specific antibody responses in tuberculosis patients identified by peptide microarrays.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Understanding of humoral immune responses in tuberculosis (TB) is gaining interest, since B-cells and antibodies may be important in diagnosis as well as protective immune responses. High-content peptide microarrays (HCPM) are highly precise and reliable for gauging specific antibody responses to pathogens, as well as autoantigens.
  
  
  METHODS
  An HCPM comprising epitopes spanning 154 proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was used to gauge specific IgG antibody responses in sera of TB patients from Africa and South America. Open source software for general access to this method is provided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IgG response pattern of TB patients differs from that of healthy individuals, with the molecular complexity of the antigens influencing the strength of recognition. South American individuals with or without TB exhibited a generally stronger serum IgG response to the tested M. tuberculosis antigens compared to their African counterparts. Individual M. tuberculosis peptide targets were defined, segregating patients with TB from Africa versus those from South America.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data reveal the heterogeneity of epitope-dependent humoral immune responses in TB patients, partly due to geographical setting. These findings expose a new avenue for mining clinically meaningful vaccine targets, diagnostic tools, and the development of immunotherapeutics in TB disease management or prevention.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valentini
authors.affiliation: Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.affiliation: FIND, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.affiliation: Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ernest
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dodoo
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Alimuddin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zumla
authors.affiliation: Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: markus.maeurer@ki.se.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeurer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D013020:South America / Q000453:epidemiology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000939:Epitopes; D010455:Peptides; C072681:Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens
keywords: Humoral immune response; Immune recognition surfaces; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Peptide microarray; Tuberculosis