title: The detection and differentiation of canine respiratory pathogens using oligonucleotide microarrays.
abstract: Canine respiratory diseases are commonly seen in dogs along with co-infections with multiple respiratory pathogens, including viruses and bacteria. Virus infections in even vaccinated dogs were also reported. The clinical signs caused by different respiratory etiological agents are similar, which makes differential diagnosis imperative. An oligonucleotide microarray system was developed in this study. The wild type and vaccine strains of canine distemper virus (CDV), influenza virus, canine herpesvirus (CHV), Bordetella bronchiseptica and Mycoplasma cynos were detected and differentiated simultaneously on a microarray chip. The detection limit is 10, 10, 100, 50 and 50 copy numbers for CDV, influenza virus, CHV, B. bronchiseptica and M. cynos, respectively. The clinical test results of nasal swab samples showed that the microarray had remarkably better efficacy than the multiplex PCR-agarose gel method. The positive detection rate of microarray and agarose gel was 59.0% (n=33) and 41.1% (n=23) among the 56 samples, respectively. CDV vaccine strain and pathogen co-infections were further demonstrated by the microarray but not by the multiplex PCR-agarose gel. The oligonucleotide microarray provides a highly efficient diagnosis alternative that could be applied to clinical usage, greatly assisting in disease therapy and control.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: lcwang@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Lih-Chiann
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chueh
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiunn-Horng
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004285:Dogs; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Bordetella bronchiseptica; Canine distemper virus; Canine herpesvirus; Influenza virus; Mycoplasma cynos; Oligonucleotide microarray