title: Activating Akt1 mutations alter DNA double strand break repair and radiosensitivity.
abstract: The survival kinase Akt has clinical relevance to radioresistance. However, its contributions to the DNA damage response, DNA double strand break (DSB) repair and apoptosis remain poorly defined and often contradictory. We used a genetic approach to explore the consequences of genetic alterations of Akt1 for the cellular radiation response. While two activation-associated mutants with prominent nuclear access, the phospho-mimicking Akt1-TDSD and the clinically relevant PH-domain mutation Akt1-E17K, accelerated DSB repair and improved survival of irradiated Tramp-C1 murine prostate cancer cells and Akt1-knockout murine embryonic fibroblasts in vitro, the classical constitutively active membrane-targeted myrAkt1 mutant had the opposite effects. Interestingly, DNA-PKcs directly phosphorylated Akt1 at S473 in an in vitro kinase assay but not vice-versa. Pharmacological inhibition of DNA-PKcs or Akt restored radiosensitivity in tumour cells expressing Akt1-E17K or Akt1-TDSD. In conclusion, Akt1-mediated radioresistance depends on its activation state and nuclear localization and is accessible to pharmacologic inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oeck
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Refae
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Riffkin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wiel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.|Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Str. 35, 88400 Biberach, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Handrick
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iliakis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jendrossek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D059766:DNA End-Joining Repair; D051747:DNA-Activated Protein Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006575:Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C499693:8-dibenzothiophen-4-yl-2-morpholin-4-yl-chromen-4-one; D002867:Chromones; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006575:Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; C548887:MK 2206; D009025:Morpholines; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010879:Piperazines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; C583616:ipatasertib; D004247:DNA; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D051747:DNA-Activated Protein Kinase; C497264:Prkdc protein, mouse; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt