title: Responsiveness Comparison of the EQ-5D, PROMIS Global Health, and VR-12 Questionnaires in Knee Arthroscopy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) 10 Global Health, and Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) are generic patient-reported outcome (PRO) questionnaires that assess a patient's general health. In choosing a PRO to track general health status, it is necessary to consider which measure will be the most responsive to change after treatment. To date, no studies exist comparing responsiveness among the EQ-5D, PROMIS 10 Global Health, and the Veterans Rand 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine which of the generic PROs are most responsive internally and externally in the setting of knee arthroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients who underwent knee arthroscopy were surveyed preoperatively and a mean 3.6 months postoperatively, with 90% follow-up. PROs included the EQ-5D, EQ-5D visual analog scale, PROMIS 10 Global Health (PROMIS 10) physical and mental components, VR-12 physical and mental components, and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)-pain subscale. Internal responsiveness was evaluated by performing pairedttests on the changes in measures and calculating 2 measures of effect size: Cohendand standardized response mean (SRM). External responsiveness was evaluated by comparing Pearson correlation measures between the disease-specific reference KOOS-pain and generic PROs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For internal responsiveness, 3 PROs showed a statistically significant improvement in score after treatment (EQ-5D: +0.10 [95% CI, 0.06-0.15], VR-12 physical: +7.2 [95% CI, 4.0-10.4]), and PROMIS 10 physical: +4.4 [95% CI, 2.6-6.3]) and effect size statistics with moderate change (Cohendand SRM, 0.5-0.8). Assessing external responsiveness, a high correlation with the disease-specific reference (KOOS-pain score) was found for EQ-5D (0.65), VR-12 physical (0.57), and PROMIS 10 physical (0.77). For both internal and external responsiveness, the EQ-5D, VR-12 physical, and PROMIS 10 physical showed significantly greater responsiveness compared with the other general PRO measures but no statistical differences among themselves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no statistical difference in internal or external responsiveness to change among the EQ-5D, VR-12 physical, and PROMIS 10 physical instruments. In tracking longitudinal patient health, researchers and administrators have the flexibility to choose any of the general PROs among the EQ-5D, VR-12 physical, and PROMIS 10 physical. We recommend that any study tracking PROs in knee arthroscopy include 1 of these generic instruments.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Orthopaedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Sameer R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Oak
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Orthopaedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Strnad
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bena
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Orthopaedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Lutul D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Farrow
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Orthopaedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Orthopaedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Morgan H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Orthopaedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Kurt P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Spindler
keywords: Knee; patient-reported outcomes; responsiveness