title: Osteogenic Differentiation Capacity of In Vitro Cultured Human Skeletal Muscle for Expedited Bone Tissue Engineering.
abstract: Expedited bone tissue engineering employs the biological stimuli to harness the intrinsic regenerative potential of skeletal muscle to trigger the reparative process in situ to improve or replace biological functions. When genetically modified with adenovirus mediated BMP2 gene transfer, muscle biopsies from animals have demonstrated success in regenerating bone within rat bony defects. However, it is uncertain whether the human adult skeletal muscle displays an osteogenic potential in vitro when a suitable biological trigger is applied. In present study, human skeletal muscle cultured in a standard osteogenic medium supplemented with dexamethasone demonstrated significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity approximately 24-fold over control at 2-week time point. More interestingly, measurement of mRNA levels revealed the dramatic results for osteoblast transcripts of alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoproteins, transcription factor CBFA1, collagen type I, and osteocalcin. Calcified mineral deposits were demonstrated on superficial layers of muscle discs after an extended 8-week osteogenic induction. Taken together, these are the first data supporting human skeletal muscle tissue as a promising potential target for expedited bone regeneration, which of the technologies is a valuable method for tissue repair, being not only effective but also inexpensive and clinically expeditious.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital for Plastic Surgery Affiliated to Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital for Plastic Surgery Affiliated to Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Lufeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Eugenom Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital for Plastic Surgery Affiliated to Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Fanghong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tianyi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital for Plastic Surgery Affiliated to Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Shengjian
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1523-9797
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital for Plastic Surgery Affiliated to Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Fangjun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2769-5012
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000235:genetics*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D024042:Collagen Type I; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D015675:Osteocalcin; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase