title: Association between endotoxemia and histological features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether surrogate biomarkers of endotoxemia were correlated with the histological features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-six NAFLD patients who had undergone percutaneous liver biopsy were enrolled. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP) and anti-endotoxin core immunoglobulin G (EndoCab IgG) antibody concentrations at the time of liver biopsy were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to examine for relationships between biomarker levels and histological scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum LBP concentration was significantly increased in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients as compared with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) subjects and was correlated with steatosis (r= 0.38,P< 0.0001) and ballooning scores (r= 0.23,P= 0.01), but not with the severity of lobular inflammation or fibrosis. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that LBP was associated with steatosis score and circulating C-reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, and fibrinogen levels. Serum EndoCab IgG concentration was comparable between NASH and NAFL patients. No meaningful correlations were detected between EndoCab IgG and histological findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LBP/EndoCab IgG were not correlated with lobular inflammation or fibrosis. More accurate LPS biomarkers are required to stringently assess the contribution of endotoxemia to conventional NASH.
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitabatake
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujimori
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyogo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kakegawa
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joshita
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koinuma
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.affiliation: Hiroyuki Kitabatake, Naoki Tanaka, Toshifumi Aoyama, Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001706:Biopsy; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
keywords: EndoCab IgG; Endotoxemia; Fibrosis; Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; Steatosis