title: In vitroevaluation of cytotoxicity and corrosion behavior of commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V alloy for dental implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity in human gingival fibroblast by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and corrosion behavior by potentiodynamic polarization technique of commercially pure titanium (Ti 12) and its alloy Ti-6Al-4V (Ti 31).
  
  
  METHODS
  In the presentin vitrostudy, cytotoxicity of Ti 12 and Ti 31 in human gingival fibroblast by MTT assay and the corrosion behavior by potentiodynamic polarization technique in aqueous solutions of 0.1 N NaCl, 0.1 N KCl, and artificial saliva with and without NaF were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The independentt-test within materials and paired t-test with time interval showed higher cell viability for Ti 12 compared to Ti 31. Over a period, cell viability found to stabilize in both Ti 12 and Ti 31. The effects of ions of Ti and alloying elements aluminum and vanadium on the cell viability were found with incubation period of cells on samples to 72 h. The electrochemical behavior of Ti 12 and Ti 31 in different experimental solutions showed a general tendency for the immersion potential to shift steadily toward nobler values indicated formation of TiO2and additional metal oxides. The multiphase alloy Ti-6Al-4V showed more surface pitting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The commercially pure Ti showed better cell viability compared to Ti 31. Less cell viability in Ti 31 is because of the presence of aluminum and vanadium. A significant decrease in cytotoxicity due to the formation of TiO2over a period of time was observed both in Ti 12 and Ti 31. The electrochemical behavior of Ti 12 and Ti 31 in different experimental solutions showed a general tendency for the immersion potential to shift steadily toward nobler values indicated formation of TiO2 and additional metal oxides. Ti 31 alloy showed surface pitting because of its multiphase structure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sanchitha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandar
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Ravindra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kotian
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Prashanthi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Madhyastha
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Shama Prasada
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Kabekkodu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Padmalatha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rao
keywords: 3-(4; 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2; 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay; Artificial saliva; Ti-6Al-4V; corrosion; cytotoxicity; gingival fibroblast; scanning electron microscopy; titanium