title: Assessment of osteoporotic alterations in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the influence of Type 2 diabetes on bone mineral density (BMD) and panoramic radiomorphometry in postmenopausal females, comparing with results from non-diabetic postmenopausal females.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 228 postmenopausal females (mean age: 59.51 ± 11.08 years) were included in this study. Demographics, T scores and Z scores from peripheral dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) from panoramic radiographs were assessed. Mean comparison between results for diabetics and non-diabetics was carried out with the Student's t-test. In addition, non-parametric correlations between MCI and DXA results were carried out with Spearman's test, at a level of significance of 5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean Z score values were significantly higher in diabetics than in non-diabetics (p = 0.001). T and Z score values were also significantly correlated with MCI (r = 0.428, p = 0.001, and r = 0.356, p = 0.022, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, the present results suggest that Type 2 diabetes might increase BMD in postmenopausal females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Munhoz
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arthur R G
authors.initials: ARG
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emiko S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Arita
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic
keywords: diabetes; osteoporosis; panoramic radiography