title: Apoptosis induced by a snake venom metalloproteinase from Bothrops alternatus venom in C2C12 muscle cells.
abstract: In this study, the apoptosis inducing effects of baltergin as well as its influence on cell adhesion and migration on muscles cells in vitro were studied. Morphological analysis made by scanning electron and phase contrast microscopy demonstrated typical futures of programmed cell death, apoptosis. This mechanism was confirmed by fluorescence staining, molecular analysis of endonuclease activity and increased mRNA expression level of two representative genes (p53 and bax). On the other hand, baltergin exert an inhibition effect on myoblast cell adhesion and migration in vitro probably through a mechanism that involves the interaction of this enzyme with cell integrins. In conclusion, our results suggest that the absence of appropriate extracellular matrix contacts triggers anoikis. Therefore, this is the first report that demonstrated the mechanism of programmed cell death triggered by baltergin, a PIII metalloprotease isolated from Bothrops alternatus venom, in a myoblast cell line.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina. solebustillo@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Soledad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bustillo
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina.
authors.forename: Andrea C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Van de Velde
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Matzner Perfumo
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina.
authors.forename: Claudia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Gay
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina.
authors.forename: Laura C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Leiva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023102:Anoikis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017837:Bothrops / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D045726:Metalloproteases / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C494827:Bax protein, mouse; D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D045726:Metalloproteases; C000626412:baltergin, Bothrops alternatus
keywords: Anoikis; Apoptosis; Baltergin; Bothrops alternatus; Metalloproteinase