title: Neuropulmonology.
abstract: Neuropulmonology refers to the complex interconnection between the central nervous system and the respiratory system. Neurologic injury includes traumatic brain injury, hemorrhage, stroke, and seizures, and in each there are far-reaching effects that can result in pulmonary dysfunction. Systemic changes can induce impairment of pulmonary function due to changes in the core structure and function of the lung. The conditions and disorders that often occur in these patients include aspiration pneumonia, neurogenic pulmonary edema, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, but also several abnormal respiratory patterns and sleep-disordered breathing. Lung infections, pulmonary edema - neurogenic or cardiogenic - and pulmonary embolus all are a serious barrier to recovery and can have significant effects on outcomes such as hospital course, prognosis, and mortality. This review presents the spectrum of pulmonary abnormalities seen in neurocritical care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balofsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. Electronic address: Peter_Papadakos@urmc.rochester.edu.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Papadakos
mesh_terms: D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: neurogenic pulmonary edema; seizure; stroke; subarachnoid hemorrhage; traumatic brain injury; ventilatory control