title: Gamma-tocopherol supplementation ameliorated hyper-inflammatory response during the early cutaneous wound healing in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.
abstract: Delayed wound healing is one of the major diabetic complications. During wound healing process, the early inflammatory stage is important for better prognosis. One of antioxidant nutrient, gamma-tocopherol (GT) is considered to regulate inflammatory conditions. This study investigated the effect of GT supplementation on mechanism associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis during early cutaneous wound healing in diabetic mice. Diabetes was induced by alloxan injection in ICR mice. All mice were divided into three groups: non-diabetic control mice (CON), diabetic control mice (DMC), and diabetic mice supplemented with GT (GT). After two weeks of GT supplementation, excisional wounds were made by biopsy punches (4 mm). Diabetic mice showed increases in fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, hyper-inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and delayed wound closure rate compared to non-diabetic mice. However, GT supplementation reduced FBG level and accelerated wound closure rate by regulation of inflammatory response-related proteins such as nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and c-reactive protein, and oxidative stress-related markers including nuclear factor (erythroid derived 2)-like 2, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone1, heme oxygenase-1, manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and apoptosis-related markers such as sirtuin-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1- α, and p53 in diabetic mice. Taken together, GT would be a potential therapeutic to prevent diabetes-induced delayed wound healing by regulation of inflammatory response, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Impact statement Gamma tocopherol has shown ameliorative effect on diabetic wound healing by regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis demonstrated by nuclear factor kappa B, nuclear factor (erythroid derived 2)-like 2, and sirtuin-1.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
authors.forename: Jihyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
authors.forename: Yunsook
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol
keywords: Gamma-tocopherol; cutaneous wound healing; diabetes; inflammation; oxidative stress