title: Safety of oral and intravenous mycophenolate mofetil in healthy cats.
abstract: Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and clinical effects of intravenous (IV) and oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in healthy cats. Methods A total of 24 healthy adult cats weighing >3.5 kg were either given IV MMF (over a 2 h infusion) or oral MMF. The dosages used were as follows: 5 mg/kg IV once (n = 2), 10 mg/kg q12h IV for 1 day (n = 1), 20 mg/kg q12h IV for 1 day (n = 6) and 10 mg/kg q12h IV for 3 days (n = 5). Blood was collected from each cat at intervals of up to 12 h from the last dose for analysis purposes. Oral MMF was given at 10 mg/kg q12h for 7 days (n = 3), 15 mg/kg q12h for 7 days (n = 3) and 15 mg/kg q8h for 7 days (n = 4). Results Side effects to MMF were minimal. There was no anorexia or vomiting noted in any of the cats during or after IV medication administration. Only 4/14 cats had diarrhea from 12-48 h after IV administration. There was hyporexia in 1/10 cats given oral MMF and no vomiting noted. In 5/10 cats given oral MMF, there was diarrhea between days 2 and 7 of the study. Conclusions and relevance Cats tolerate MMF at an IV dose of 10 mg/kg q12h for 3 days and an oral dose ⩽15 mg/kg q12h for up to 7 days. There seems to be a dose-dependent incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. MMF may be a useful alternative immunosuppressant to be considered for use in some cats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Program in Individualized Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Slovak
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Program in Individualized Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Nicolas F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Villarino
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats / Q000502:physiology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid