title: Kinetics Tuning the Electrochemistry of Lithium Dendrites Formation in Lithium Batteries through Electrolytes.
abstract: Lithium batteries are one of the most advance energy storage devices in the world and have attracted extensive research interests. However, lithium dendrite growth was a safety issue which handicapped the application of pure lithium metal in the negative electrode. In this investigation, two solvents, propylene carbonate (PC) and 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran (2MeTHF), and four Li+salts, LiPF6, LiAsF6, LiBF4and LiClO4were investigated in terms of their effects on the kinetics of lithium dendrite formation in eight electrolyte solutions. The kinetic parameters of charge transfer step (exchange current density, j0, transfer coefficient, α) of Li+/Li redox system, the mass transfer parameters of Li+(transfer number of Li+, tLi+, diffusion coefficient of Li+, DLi+), and the conductivity (κ) of each electrolyte were studied separately. The results demonstrate that the solvents play a critical role in the measured j0, tLi+, DLi+, and κ of the electrolyte, while the choice of Li+salts only slightly affect the measured parameters. The understanding of the kinetics will gain insight into the mechanism of lithium dendrite formation and provide guidelines to the future application of lithium metal.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.|Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
authors.forename: Xuanxuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China.|The National High Technology Development Center of Green Materials , Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0472-0852
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China.|The National High Technology Development Center of Green Materials , Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China.|The National High Technology Development Center of Green Materials , Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Cunzhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-8577
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
keywords: 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran; coulombic efficiency; lithium battery; lithium dendrites; propylene carbonate