title: Comparisons of the humoral and cellular immunity induced by live A16R attenuated spore and AVA-like anthrax vaccine in mice.
abstract: The live attenuated anthrax vaccine and anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) are two main types of anthrax vaccines currently used in human. However, the immunoprotective mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we compared humoral and cellular immunity induced by live A16R spore vaccine and A16R strain derived AVA-like vaccine in mice peripheral blood, spleen and bone marrow. Both A16R spores and AVA-like vaccines induced a sustained IgG antibody response with IgG1/IgG2b subtype dominance. However, A16R spores vaccine induced higher titer of IgG2a compared with AVA-like vaccine, indicating a stronger Th1 response to A16R spores. Using antigen-specific ELISpot assay, we observed a significant response of ASCs (antibody secreting cells) and IL4-CSCs (cytokine secreting cells) in mice. Specially, there was a positive correlation between the frequencies of antigen specific ASCs and IL4-CSCs in bone marrow derived cells, either by A16R spore or AVA-like vaccine vaccination. Moreover, we also found A16R spore vaccine, not AVA-like vaccine, could induce sustained frequency of IFN-γ-CSCs in bone marrow derived cells. Collectively, both the vaccines induced a mixed Th1/Th2 response with Th2 dominance in mice and A16R spore vaccine might provide a more comprehensive protection because of humoral and cellular immunity induced in bone marrow.
authors.affiliation: The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Dun-Zhong
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China. Electronic address: jiana79_41@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China. Electronic address: fengxin722@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000881:Anthrax / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D022122:Anthrax Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000276:immunology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D058501:Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay; D005260:Female; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology*; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000276:immunology*; D007114:Immunization; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D022122:Anthrax Vaccines; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated
keywords: Anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA); Humoral and cellular immunity; Live A16R spore vaccine; Th1/Th2 response