title: Associations between trunk flexion and physical activity of patient care workers for a single shift: A pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Trunk flexion and occupational physical activity are parameters that have been used to assess and characterize jobs with high physical demands.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Characterize the physical load of trunk flexion and physical activity of patient care unit (PCU) workers during a single work shift.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants wore an accelerometer to measure physical activity and an inclinometer to assess trunk flexion during a single work shift, which was compared using correlation and linear regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants spent 74% of their work time upright between - 10° to 20° and 19% of their time flexed between 20° to 45°. On average workers spent 3% and 5% of their time, in the extreme postures of less than - 10° and greater than 45°, respectively. Participants spent 99% of their shift below moderate and vigorous activity. The largest correlation found was between the number of forward trunk flexions to 20° degrees per shift and minutes in lifestyle activity (r = 0.6, p < 0.001). No correlations between minutes of moderate or vigorous physical activity and trunk flexion were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that the physical demands of patient care unit workers as measured through trunk flexion are associated with lifestyle and light levels of physical activity.
authors.affiliation: Harvard School of Public Health Center for Work, Health and Wellbeing, Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA, USA.
authors.forename: Oscar E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.affiliation: Harvard School of Public Health Center for Work, Health and Wellbeing, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Umukoro
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sport and Exercise Education, Camosun College, Victoria, BC, Canada.|Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Sonja D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Stoffel
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health, Partners HealthCare, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Health Systems Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hopcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.|Center for Community Based Research, Dana Faber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Glorian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sorensen
authors.affiliation: Harvard School of Public Health Center for Work, Health and Wellbeing, Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jack T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Dennerlein
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D009728:Nursing Assistants; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D060726:Torso / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Posture; and bending; ergonomics; workload