title: Lycopene, resveratrol, vitamin C and FeSO4increase damage produced by pro-oxidant carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in Drosophila melanogaster: Xenobiotic metabolism implications.
abstract: 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) is a pro-oxidant carcinogen bioactivated by xenobiotic metabolism (XM). We investigated if antioxidants lycopene [0.45, 0.9, 1.8 μM], resveratrol [11, 43, 172 μM], and vitamin C [5.6 mM] added or not with FeSO4[0.06 mM], modulate the genotoxicity of 4-NQO [2 mM] with the Drosophila wing spot test standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses, with inducible and high levels of cytochromes P450, respectively. The genotoxicity of 4-NQO was higher when dissolved in an ethanol - acetone mixture. The antioxidants did not protect against 4-NQO in any of both crosses. In the ST cross, resveratrol [11 μM], vitamin C and FeSO4resulted in genotoxicity; the three antioxidants and FeSO4increased the damage of 4-NQO. In the HB cross, none of the antioxidants, neither FeSO4, were genotoxic. Only resveratrol [172 μM] + 4-NQO increased the genotoxic activity in both crosses. We concluded that the effects of the antioxidants, FeSO4and the modulation of 4-NQO were the result of the difference of Cyp450s levels, between the ST and HB crosses. We propose that the basal levels of the XM's enzymes in the ST cross interacted with a putative pro-oxidant activity of the compounds added to the pro-oxidant effects of 4-NQO.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Dueñas-García
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico. Electronic address: heres@campus.iztacala.unam.mx.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Heres-Pulido
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Arellano-Llamas
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De la Cruz-Núñez
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cisneros-Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Palacios-López
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Acosta-Anaya
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Santos-Cruz
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castañeda-Partida
authors.affiliation: Mathematics, Biology, FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Durán-Díaz
mesh_terms: D015112:4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002273:Carcinogens; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D013267:Stilbenes; D015262:Xenobiotics; D002338:Carotenoids; C020748:ferrous sulfate; D015112:4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D000077185:Resveratrol; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: Antioxidants; Cytochrome P450s; Wing spot test