title: Coinfection ofLeishmania guyanensisand Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Report of a Case of Disseminated Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Ecuador.
abstract: AbstractReported herein is the first case ofLeishmania-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection in Ecuador. In Ecuador, HIV infections overlap endemic areas of leishmaniasis. Immunosuppression is a well-established risk factor for developing severe disease. This is a severe case of a 32-year-old man presenting with disseminated pleomorphic ulcers, papules, and cutaneous plaque-like lesions over his whole body. Numerous amastigotes were observed in both skin scrapings and biopsies. The sequence of thecytochrome bgene confirmed the presence ofLeishmania guyanensis. The patient was treated but failed to respond to meglumine antimoniate and amphotericin B. Six months later, the patient died due to bacterial septic shock.
authors.affiliation: Carrera de Medicina, Universidad De Las Americas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calvopina
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Eugenio Espejo, Quito, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aguirre
authors.affiliation: Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cevallos
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Eugenio Espejo, Quito, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.affiliation: The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abbasi
authors.affiliation: The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.|PROMETEO, Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT), Ecuador.
authors.forename: Alon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Warburg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060085:Coinfection; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006678:HIV / Q000254:growth & development; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D018334:Leishmania guyanensis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016774:Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D012867:Skin / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D000666:Amphotericin B; D045303:Cytochromes b