title: The effects of exogenous fatty acids and niacin on human monocyte-macrophage plasticity.
abstract: Macrophage plasticity allows adapting to different environments, having a dual activity in inflammatory-related diseases. Our hypothesis is that the type of dietary fatty acids into human postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), alone or in combination with niacin (vitamin B3), could modulate the plasticity of monocytes-macrophages.
  
  
  
  We isolated TRLs at the postprandial peak from blood samples of healthy volunteers after the ingestion of a meal rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or MUFAs plus omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs). Autologous monocytes isolated at fasting were first induced to differentiate into naïve macrophages. We observed that postprandial TRL-MUFAs, particularly in combination with niacin, enhance competence to monocytes to differentiate and polarise into M2 macrophages. Postprandial TRL-SFAs made polarised macrophages prone to an M1 phenotype. In contrast to dietary SFAs, dietary MUFAs in the meals plus immediate-release niacin primed circulating monocytes for a reduced postprandial pro-inflammatory profile.
  
  
  
  Our study underlines a role of postprandial TRLs as a metabolic entity in regulating the plasticity of the monocyte-macrophage lineage and also brings an understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary fatty acids are environmental factors fostering the innate immune responsiveness in humans.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Montserrat-de la Paz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Magdalena P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cardelo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Naranjo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bermudez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abia
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco J G
authors.initials: FJG
authors.lastname: Muriana
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lopez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009525:Niacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; C030087:lipoprotein triglyceride; D009525:Niacin; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Fatty acids; Macrophages; Monocytes; Niacin; Postprandial state