title: Three STATs are involved in the regulation of the expression of antimicrobial peptides in the triangle sail mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii.
abstract: Janus kinase (Jak) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is associated in antiviral and antibacterial immune response. Previous studies primarily investigated the function of STATs in mammals. For most invertebrates, only one STAT was found in each species, such as STAT92E was found in Drosophila melanogaster. The studies, which focus on the functional difference between various STATs in the same species of invertebrate, are limited. In the present study, three STATs (HcSTAT1, HcSTAT2 and HcSTAT3) were identified in triangle shell pearl mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HcSTAT1 and HcSTAT3 were clustered with Homo sapiens STAT5, and HcSTAT2 was clustered with Pinctada fucata STAT and Crassostea gigas STAT6. All three STATs could be detected in all tested tissues (hemocytes, hepatopancreas, gill, mantle and foot), and were induced expression when challenged with Staphylococcus aureus or Aeromonas hydrophilia in hemocytes and hepatopancreas. HcSTAT1 regulated the expression of HcDef, HcWAP, HcThe and HcTNF. The expression of HcWAP and HcTNF was down-regulated in HcSTAT2-RNAi mussel. And HcSTAT3 affected the expression of HcTNF. The study is the first report of different functions in antibacterial immune responses between STATs in mollusks.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Research Center for Marine Biology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Jia
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China.
authors.forename: Kai-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Research Center for Marine Biology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Research Center for Marine Biology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Research Center for Marine Biology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Research Center for Marine Biology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China.
authors.forename: Li-Juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Research Center for Marine Biology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China. Electronic address: chailianqin02@163.com.
authors.forename: Lian-Qin
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Research Center for Marine Biology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: weishun@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Research Center for Marine Biology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou 510380, China. Electronic address: lanjiangfeng@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiang-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lan
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010802:Phylogeny; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology*; D049876:Unionidae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D050791:STAT Transcription Factors
keywords: Antimicrobial peptides; Hyriopsis cumingii; Innate immunity; Signal transducers and activators of transcription