title: Neurons in the pontomedullary reticular formation receive converging inputs from the hindlimb and labyrinth.
abstract: The integration of inputs from vestibular and proprioceptive sensors within the central nervous system is critical to postural regulation. We recently demonstrated in both decerebrate and conscious cats that labyrinthine and hindlimb inputs converge onto vestibular nucleus neurons. The pontomedullary reticular formation (pmRF) also plays a key role in postural control, and additionally participates in regulating locomotion. Thus, we hypothesized that like vestibular nucleus neurons, pmRF neurons integrate inputs from the limb and labyrinth. To test this hypothesis, we recorded the responses of pmRF neurons to passive ramp-and-hold movements of the hindlimb and to whole-body tilts, in both decerebrate and conscious felines. We found that pmRF neuronal activity was modulated by hindlimb movement in the rostral-caudal plane. Most neurons in both decerebrate (83% of units) and conscious (61% of units) animals encoded both flexion and extension movements of the hindlimb. In addition, hindlimb somatosensory inputs converged with vestibular inputs onto pmRF neurons in both preparations. Pontomedullary reticular formation neurons receiving convergent vestibular and limb inputs likely participate in balance control by governing reticulospinal outflow.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Eye and Ear Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Derek M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Eye and Ear Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: DeMayo
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Eye and Ear Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
authors.forename: George H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Bourdages
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Eye and Ear Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Wittman
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Eye and Ear Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.|Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Bill J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Eye and Ear Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. mccallaa@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: McCall
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002415:Cats; D003243:Consciousness; D003655:Decerebrate State; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D012154:Reticular Formation / Q000166:cytology*; D012399:Rotation; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Balance; Limb; Locomotion; Multisensory integration; Posture; Reticulospinal tracts