title: De novo AVM formation following venous sinus thrombosis and prior AVM resection in adults: report of 2 cases.
abstract: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are traditionally considered congenital lesions, arising from aberrant vascular development during the intrauterine period. Rarely, however, AVMs develop in the postnatal period. Individual case reports of de novo AVM formation in both pediatric and adult patients have challenged the traditional dogma of a congenital origin. Instead, for these cases, a dynamic picture is emerging of AVM growth and development, initially triggered by ischemic and/or traumatic events, coupled with genetic predispositions. A number of pathophysiological descriptions involving aberrant angiogenic responses following trauma, hemorrhage, or inflammation have been proposed, although the exact etiology of these lesions remains to be elucidated. Here, the authors present 2 cases of de novo AVM formation in adult patients. The first case involves the development of an AVM following a venous sinus thrombosis and to the authors' knowledge is the first of its kind to be reported in the literature. They also present a case in which an elderly patient with a previously ruptured AVM developed a second AVM in the contralateral hemisphere 11 years later. In addition to presenting these cases, the authors propose a possible mechanism for de novo AVM development in adult patients following ischemic injury.
authors.forename: Siyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Raghav
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Justin M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Christoph J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Griessenauer
authors.forename: Nimer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adeeb
authors.forename: Rouzbeh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Motiei-Langroudi
authors.forename: Ajith J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ogilvy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D012851:Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: AVM = arteriovenous malformation; CTA = CT angiography; DAVF = dural arteriovenous fistula; DSA = digital subtraction angiography; MRV = MR venography; adult; angiogenesis; de novo AVM; vascular disorders; venous sinus thrombosis