title: Impact of vascular endothelial growth factor gene-gene and gene-smoking interaction and haplotype combination on bladder cancer risk in Chinese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene polymorphisms, additional gene- gene and gene- smoking interactions with bladder cancer risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bladder cancer risk was significantly higher in carriers of the rs699947- A allele within VEGF gene than those with rs699947- CC genotype (CA+ AA versus CC), adjusted OR (95%CI) = 1.70 (1.16-2.31), and higher in carriers of the rs833052- A allele of within VEGF gene than those with rs833052- CC genotype (CA+ AA versus CC), adjusted OR (95%CI) = 1.65 (1.23-2.12). GMDR analysis indicated a potential interaction between rs2010963 and smoking on bladder cancer risk. Current smokers with rs2010963- GC+CC genotype within VEGF gene have the highest bladder cancer risk, compared to never smokers with rs2010963- GG genotype within VEGF gene, OR (95%CI) = 3.25 (1.71-4.83). Haplotype containing the rs2010963- C and rs833052- A alleles were associated with a statistically increased bladder cancer risk, OR (95%CI) = 2.21 (1.12-3.42).
  
  
  METHODS
  Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to screen the best interaction combination among SNPs and smoking. Logistic regression was performed to investigate association of 6 SNPs within VEGF gene, additional gene- gene and gene- smoking interaction with bladder cancer risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that the A allele of rs699947 and the A allele of rs833052 within VEGF gene, interaction between rs2010963 and smoking, haplotype containing the rs2010963- C and rs833052- A alleles were all associated with increased bladder cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Dian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Chaopeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Huoqiu City, Huoqiu Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Yongzhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Quansheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Zhengyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: bladder cancer; interaction; single nucleotide polymorphisms; smoking; vascular endothelial growth factor