title: Comparison between findings of saline infusion sonohysterography and office hysteroscopy in patients with recurrent implantation failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to determine the accuracy of saline infusion sonohysterography (SIS) in the diagnosis of intrauterine pathologies in women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF).
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective cross-over study which was carried out during the period between December 2013 and July 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved sixty subfertile women with a history of RIF. All cases underwent a transvaginal ultrasonography, SIS and then an office hysteroscopy (1 day after SIS) during early follicular phase. SIS was carried out by same sonographer, and then hysteroscopy was carried out by same gynecologist who was kept blind to findings at SIS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Was done using IBM©SPSS©Statistics version 22. The sensitivity of SIS was calculated as it equals: True positive by SIS/all positive (true cases by hysteroscopy) and specificity was calculated as it equals: True negative by SIS/all negatives (normal by hysteroscopy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall uterine abnormalities were significantly less likely to be identified with SIS compared to hysteroscopy (P= 0.002), but analysis of each finding separately demonstrated a comparable difference between SIS and hysteroscopy (P> 0.05). We found that the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SIS to detect intrauterine pathology is 41.2%, 100%, 100%, and 81.1%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest a good role of SIS in the workup for RIF saving more invasive procedure for selected cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reda
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed Sherif Abdel
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Rowaa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mostafa
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Eman
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Refaei
keywords: Hysterosonography; recurrent implantation failure; saline infusion sonohysterography; sonohysterography