title: Impact of nitrogen fertilization on soil-Atmosphere greenhouse gas exchanges in eucalypt plantations with different soil characteristics in southern China.
abstract: Nitrogen (N) fertilization is necessary to sustain productivity in eucalypt plantations, but it can increase the risk of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the response of soil greenhouse gas emissions to N fertilization might be influenced by soil characteristics, which is of great significance for accurately assessing greenhouse gas budgets and scientific fertilization in plantations. We conducted a two-year N fertilization experiment (control [CK], low N [LN], middle N [MN] and high N [HN] fertilization) in two eucalypt plantations with different soil characteristics (higher and lower soil organic carbon sites [HSOC and LSOC]) in Guangxi, China, and assessed soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas exchanges. The annual mean fluxes of soil CO2, CH4, and N2O were separately 153-266 mg m-2 h-1, -55 --40 μg m-2 h-1, and 11-95 μg m-2 h-1, with CO2 and N2O emissions showing significant seasonal variations. N fertilization significantly increased soil CO2 and N2O emissions and decreased CH4 uptake at both sites. There were significant interactions of N fertilization and SOC level on soil CO2 and N2O emissions. At the LSOC site, the annual mean flux of soil CO2 emission was only significantly higher than the CK treatment in the HN treatment, but, at the HSOC site, the annual mean flux of soil CO2 emission was significantly higher for both the LN (or MN) and HN treatments in comparison to the CK treatment. Under the CK and LN treatments, the annual mean flux of N2O emission was not significantly different between HSOC and LSOC sites, but under the HN treatment, it was significantly higher in the HSOC site than in the LSOC site. Correlation analysis showed that changes in soil CO2 and N2O emissions were significantly related to soil dissolved organic carbon, ammonia, nitrate and pH. Our results suggested significant interactions of N fertilization and soil characteristics existed in soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas exchanges, which should be considered in assessing greenhouse gas budgets and scientific fertilization strategies in eucalypt plantations.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.|College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Falin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ruida
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forestry Sciences, Guangxi Dongmen Forest Farm, Fusui, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forestry Sciences, Guangxi Dongmen Forest Farm, Fusui, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Xuewu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D001272:Atmosphere / Q000032:analysis*; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005052:Eucalyptus / Q000254:growth & development; D005308:Fertilizers; D065928:Forests; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D008697:Methane / Q000032:analysis; D027822:Myrtaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D012621:Seasons; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D005740:Gases; D012987:Soil; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D009584:Nitrogen; D008697:Methane