title: A Multicomponent, School-Based Intervention, the Shaping Healthy Choices Program, Improves Nutrition-Related Outcomes.
abstract: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Shaping Healthy Choices Program (SHCP).
  
  
  
  A clustered, randomized, controlled intervention lasting 1 school year.
  
  
  
  Schools in northern and central California.
  
  
  
  Fourth-graders (aged 9-10 years) at 2 control schools (n = 179) and 2 intervention schools (n = 230).
  
  
  
  Garden-enhanced education, family, and community partnerships; increased regionally procured produce in the lunchroom; and school-site wellness committees.
  
  
  
  Changes in body mass index (BMI) percentiles/Z-scores; nutrition knowledge, science process skills, and vegetable identification and preferences; and reported fruit and vegetable intake.
  
  
  
  Student t test, chi-square, ANOVA of change, and multilevel regression mixed model to evaluate change in outcomes with school as a random effect to account for cluster design effects. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.
  
  
  
  There was a greater improvement in BMI percentile (-6.08; P < 0.01), BMI Z-score (-0.28; P < .001), and waist-to-height ratio (-0.02; P < .001) in the intervention compared with the control schools.
  
  
  
  The SHCP resulted in improvements in nutrition knowledge, vegetable identification, and a significant decrease in BMI percentiles. This supports the concept that the SHCP can be used to improve the health of upper elementary school students.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Scherr
authors.affiliation: Oregon State University Extension Service, Tillamook, OR.
authors.forename: Jessica D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Linnell
authors.affiliation: Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA.
authors.forename: Madan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dharmar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Lori M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Beccarelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Jacqueline J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bergman
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.affiliation: University of California Cooperative Extension, Placer and Nevada Counties, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Auburn, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Kelley M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Brian
authors.affiliation: University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Gail
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feenstra
authors.affiliation: University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: J Carol
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hillhouse
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Carl L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Keen
authors.affiliation: University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Lenna L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Ontai
authors.affiliation: Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Sara E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.affiliation: University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Martin H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; University of California Cooperative Extension, Merced and Stanislaus Counties, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Modesto, CA.
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Spezzano
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Francene M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sutter
authors.affiliation: Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA.
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA. Electronic address: sazidenbergcherr@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Sheri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zidenberg-Cherr
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002140:California; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D052756:Nutritional Sciences / Q000193:education; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012574:Schools; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: body mass index percentiles; childhood obesity; multicomponent programs; nutrition education; school-based programs