title: Biodegradation of Diesel, Crude Oil and Spent Lubricating Oil by Soil Isolates of Bacillus spp.
abstract: Two species of Bacillus, B. thuringiensis B3 and B. cereus B6, isolated from crude oil-contaminated sites in Ecuador, were tested for their capability in degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in diesel (shake-flask), and to remove total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) from crude oil- or spent lubricating oil-polluted soils (plot-scale). TPHs and PAHs were analyzed by Gas chromatography-Flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Degradation percentages of PAHs by strain B6 were in the range of 11-83 after 30 days. A mixed culture of both the strains removed 84% and 28% of TPHs from crude oil- and spent lubricating oil-polluted soils, respectively. Reduction in the abundance of total n-alkane fractions (C8-C40) of spent lubricating oil was 94%, which was 18% higher than the control. Our results clearly indicate that the selected strains have great potential in degrading petroleum hydrocarbons at both laboratory- and field-scales.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, 160150, Ecuador. raju@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Maddela Naga
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-0844
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Raju
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, 160150, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Rodriguez
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Guaranda, Bolívar, 020150, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Sanaguano Salguero
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Herminia
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Sciences, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, 160150, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Ricardo Ernesto Burgos
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Morán
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515055, India.
authors.forename: Kadiyala
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Venkateswarlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Sciences, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, 160150, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Scalvenzi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laura
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004484:Ecuador; D005410:Flame Ionization; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D010578:Petroleum; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Bacillus spp.; Biodegradation; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Plot-scale study