title: An Organelle RNA Recognition Motif Protein Is Required for Photosystem II SubunitpsbFTranscript Editing.
abstract: Loss-of-function mutations in ORGANELLE RNA RECOGNITION MOTIF PROTEIN6 (ORRM6) result in the near absence of RNA editing ofpsbF-C77 and the reduction inaccD-C794 editing in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Theorrm6mutants have decreased levels of photosystem II (PSII) proteins, especially PsbF, lower PSII activity, pale green pigmentation, smaller leaf and plant sizes, and retarded growth. Stable expression ofORRM6rescues theorrm6editing defects and mutant phenotype. Unlike ORRM1, the other known ORRM plastid editing factor, ORRM6, does not contain RNA editing interacting protein/multiple organellar RNA editing factor (RIP/MORF) boxes, which are required for ORRM1 to interact with site-specific pentatricopeptide repeat protein editing factors. ORRM6 interacts with RIP1/MORF8, RIP2/MORF2, and RIP9/MORF9, known components of RNA editosomes. While some plastid RRM proteins are involved in other forms of RNA processing and translation, the primary function of ORRM6 is evidently to mediatepsbF-C77 editing, like the essential site-specific pentatricopeptide repeat protein LOW PSII ACCUMULATION66. Stable expression in theorrm6mutants of a nucleus-encoded, plastid-targeted PsbF protein from apsbFgene carrying a T at nucleotide 77 significantly increases leaf and plant sizes, chlorophyll content, and PSII activity. These transformants demonstrate that plastid RNA editing can be bypassed through the expression of nucleus-encoded, edited forms of plastid genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.).
authors.forename: Justin B
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6532-4522
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hackett
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.).
authors.forename: Xiaowen
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6532-4522
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.).
authors.forename: Amy T
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6935-9703
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Kobylarz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.).
authors.forename: Meriah K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.).
authors.forename: Ryan L
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2128-5431
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Wessendorf
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.).
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6408-5689
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hines
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.).
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2805-7298
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bentolila
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.).
authors.forename: Maureen R
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8141-3058
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5410 (J.B.H., A.T.K., M.K.L., R.L.W., Y.L.); and yan.1.lu@wmich.edu.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703 (X.S., K.M.H., S.B., M.R.H.) yan.1.lu@wmich.edu.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3374-7376
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D003573:Cytochrome b Group / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D015151:Immunoblotting; D009154:Mutation; D015388:Organelles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D018087:Plastids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D017393:RNA Editing; D000067776:RNA Recognition Motif Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003573:Cytochrome b Group; C000623372:ORRM6 protein, Arabidopsis; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D000067776:RNA Recognition Motif Proteins; D002734:Chlorophyll