title: Determination of proflavine in rat whole blood without sample pretreatment by laser desorption postionization mass spectrometry.
abstract: A novel pretreatment-free method involving laser desorption postionization (LDPI) coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) was developed for the monitoring of proflavine level in rat whole blood. It comprises a protocol for dosing via intravenous administration and collection of whole blood, followed by direct LDPI-MS analysis without any sample pretreatment. An intense ion signal at m/z 209 was observed from whole blood without any interference signals, except some background signals below m/z 100. The calibration curve was established with use of 9-phenylacridine as the internal standard for proflavine determination from the plotting of the peak ratios of proflavine to the internal standard, with a correlation coefficient (R2) greater than 0.99. The limit of detection was estimated to be 0.48 pmol/mm2and the quantification range was 0.5-16.5 μg/mL for proflavine. In addition, only a minimal matrix effect was observed, as expected from considerations of the desorption and ionization mechanism. Interday and intraday accuracy and precision were calculated to be within 13% and 82-114%, respectively. Estimated concentrations of proflavine residue in whole blood were also successfully obtained at selected time points after dosing. The proposed method is simple, low cost, and sensitive, and should be seen as a complementary method for monitoring drug levels in blood. Graphical Abstract Monitoring proflavine levels in rat whole blood at different time points using laser desorption postionization mass spectrometry (LDPI-MS).
authors.affiliation: MOE Key laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China.
authors.forename: Jiaxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: MOE Key laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China. yjhu@scnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: MOE Key laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China.
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: MOE Key laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China.
authors.forename: Pengchao
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China.
authors.forename: Huaqi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D011370:Proflavine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011370:Proflavine
keywords: Drug level; Laser desorption postionization; Mass spectrometry; Pretreatment-free; Proflavine; Whole blood