title: Serum CXCL10 and CXCL12 chemokine levels are associated with the severity of coronary artery disease and coronary artery occlusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular disease constitutes a major cause of death worldwide. Inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerosis formation, coronary artery disease progression, acute coronary thrombosis and occlusion. Chemokines are inflammatory mediators disposing several bio-functions, as leukocyte migration towards inflammatory signals and vascular injuries. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential correlation between serum levels of chemokines CXCL-10 and CXCL-12 and the degree of coronary artery occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty eight patient candidates for coronary angiography with coronary artery disease symptoms and potentially high risk of coronary artery occlusion were recruited. Chemokine serum levels were measured with the ELISA method and patients underwent coronary angiography. All patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were divided into four groups according to the Gensini score. Data were presented as mean±SD. All P values <0.05 were considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our demographic data showed that of the 88 patients, 46 were male and 42 female. The mean age of patients was 57.95±11.13. Following increased coronary artery occlusion the serum levels of chemokines were significantly increased (CXCL-10 and CXCL-12; P<0.0001 and P<0.0001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this novel study, a significant correlation between the serum levels of CXCL-10 and CXCL-12 and the severity of coronary artery occlusion was found. This could be attributed to the role of these chemokines in the processes of angiogenesis and angiostasis, a biological phenomenon that can play key role in the development of collateral circulation.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Rafsanjan Cohort Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tavakolian Ferdousie
authors.affiliation: Rafsanjan Cohort Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamhossein
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hassanshahi
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khorramdelazad
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Soudeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khanamani Falahati-Pour
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Medical School, ​Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
authors.affiliation: Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allah Tavakoli
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Development Center, Department of Community Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kamiab
authors.affiliation: Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vazirinejad
authors.affiliation: Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Effat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shahrabadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Achaia, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Koniari
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Achaia, Greece.
authors.forename: Nicholas G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Kounis
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Medical School, ​Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Electronic address: dr_esmaeili_n@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esmaeili Nadimi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000097:blood*; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000097:blood*; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12
keywords: Angiogenesis; Angiostasis; Chemokines; Coronary artery occlusion