title: Current techniques to treat pathologic perforator veins.
abstract: Pathologic perforating veins have become an interest to the venous specialist caring for patients with CEAP 4 to 6 disease. Historically, open perforator ligation and then subdermal endoscopic perforator ligation was described. These methods had clear shortcomings. More recently, thermal ablation techniques, including radiofrequency ablation and laser ablation, have been described. Ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy has also been used as a possible means to treat pathologic perforator veins. This report describes and summarizes the updated techniques to treat perforating veins in a challenging patient population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Albany Medical College/Albany Medical Center Hospital, Albany, NY.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozsvath
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hager
authors.affiliation: Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Fla.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harlander-Locke
authors.affiliation: John A. Burns School of Medicine, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii.
authors.forename: Elna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, NJ.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Electronic address: ellen.dillavou@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Ellen D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Dillavou
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000628:therapy; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions