title: Microarrays in prenatal diagnosis.
abstract: In prenatal diagnosis, chromosomal microarray (CMA) has not yet fully replaced conventional karyotyping but has rapidly become the recommended test in pregnancies with ultrasound abnormalities. In this review, we provide an overview of the published data concerning this technology and the controversies concerning its use in the prenatal setting. There is abundant evidence indicating the added detection of pathogenic abnormalities with CMA in comparison to the traditional karyotyping, especially in fetuses with multiple or isolated ultrasound abnormalities such as congenital heart disease, increased nuchal translucency, or oral cleft. On the other hand, there is also a risk to detect variants of unknown significance, late-onset disorders, and variants in susceptibility loci. However, it has been shown that pregnant couples tend to prefer a maximum of information about the health of their unborn child. Taken together, CMA has considerable diagnostic and prognostic values during pregnancy and should therefore be the test of choice.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: oneda@medgen.uzh.ch.
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oneda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rauch
mesh_terms: D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D025063:Chromosome Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000379:methods*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D048208:Nuchal Translucency Measurement; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*
keywords: SNP array; chromosomal microarray; copy number variant; molecular karyotyping; prenatal diagnosis