title: Immune Regulation of Antibody Access to Neuronal Tissues.
abstract: This review highlights recent advances in how the innate and adaptive immune systems control the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-nerve barrier (BNB). Interferons and TAM receptors play key roles in innate immune control of the BBB. Cells of the adaptive immune system, particularly CD4+T cells, take distinct routes to enter neural tissues and mediate immune surveillance. Furthermore, T cell-mediated opening of the BBB and the BNB is crucial to allow antibody access and thereby block the replication of neurotropic viruses. Such novel insights gained from basic research provide key foundations for future design of therapeutic strategies - enabling antibody access to the brain may be key to cancer immunotherapy and to the use of vaccines against neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Electronic address: akiko.iwasaki@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D049428:Blood-Nerve Barrier / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007372:Interferons / Q000276:immunology; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D007372:Interferons; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases