title: Itopride for gastric volume, gastric emptying and drinking capacity in functional dyspepsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of itopride on gastric accommodation, gastric emptying and drinking capacity in functional dyspepsia (FD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial was conducted to check the effect of itopride on gastric accommodation, gastric emptying, capacity of tolerating nutrient liquid and symptoms of FD. We recruited a total of 31 patients having FD on the basis of ROME III criteria. After randomization, itopride was received by 15 patients while 16 patients received placebo. Gastric accommodation was determined using Gastric Scintigraphy.13C labeled octanoic breadth test was performed to assess gastric emptying. Capacity of tolerating nutrient liquid drink was checked using satiety drinking capacity test. The intervention group comprised of 150 mg itopride. Patients in both arms were followed for 4 wk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the recruited participant 33 years (SD = 7.6) and most of the recruited individuals,i.e., 21 (67.7%) were males. We found that there was no effect of itopride on gastric accommodation as measured at different in volumes in the itopride and control group with the empty stomach (P= 0.14), at 20 min (P= 0.38), 30 min (P= 0.30), 40 min (P =0.43), 50 min (P= 0.50), 60 min (P =0.81), 90 min (P =0.25) and 120 min (P =0.67). Gastric emptying done on a sub sample (n= 11) showed no significant difference (P= 0.58) between itopride and placebo group. There was no significant improvement in the capacity to tolerate liquid in the itopride group as compared to placebo (P= 0.51). Similarly there was no significant improvement of symptoms as assessed through a composite symptom score (P= 0.74). The change in QT interval in itopride group was not significantly different from placebo (0.10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study found no effect of itopride on gastric accommodation, gastric emptying and maximum tolerated volume in patients with FD.
authors.affiliation: Shahab Abid, Wasim Jafri, Safia Awan, Aamir Abbas, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shahab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abid
authors.affiliation: Shahab Abid, Wasim Jafri, Safia Awan, Aamir Abbas, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Wasim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jafri
authors.affiliation: Shahab Abid, Wasim Jafri, Safia Awan, Aamir Abbas, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Maseeh Uz
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.affiliation: Shahab Abid, Wasim Jafri, Safia Awan, Aamir Abbas, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Rakhshanda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bilal
authors.affiliation: Shahab Abid, Wasim Jafri, Safia Awan, Aamir Abbas, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Safia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Awan
authors.affiliation: Shahab Abid, Wasim Jafri, Safia Awan, Aamir Abbas, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Aamir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abbas
keywords: Dyspepsia; Functional dyspepsia; Gastric accommodation; Gastric emptying; Itopride