title: Predictors of Major Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
abstract: Although major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are prevalent after traumatic brain injury (TBI), little is known about which patients are at risk for developing them. The authors systematically reviewed the literature on predictors and multivariable models for MDD and PTSD after TBI. The authors included 26 observational studies. MDD was associated with female gender, preinjury depression, postinjury unemployment, and lower brain volume, whereas PTSD was related to shorter posttraumatic amnesia, memory of the traumatic event, and early posttraumatic symptoms. Risk of bias ratings for most studies were acceptable, although studies that developed a multivariable model suffered from methodological shortcomings.
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MCC, ACS, HFL, JH, EWS, SP); the Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (AS); and the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (AS).
authors.forename: Maryse C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cnossen
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MCC, ACS, HFL, JH, EWS, SP); the Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (AS); and the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (AS).
authors.forename: Annemieke C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Scholten
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MCC, ACS, HFL, JH, EWS, SP); the Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (AS); and the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (AS).
authors.forename: Hester F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Lingsma
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MCC, ACS, HFL, JH, EWS, SP); the Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (AS); and the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (AS).
authors.forename: Anneliese
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Synnot
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MCC, ACS, HFL, JH, EWS, SP); the Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (AS); and the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (AS).
authors.forename: Juanita
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haagsma
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MCC, ACS, HFL, JH, EWS, SP); the Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (AS); and the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (AS).
authors.forename: Prof Ewout W
authors.initials: PEW
authors.lastname: Steyerberg
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MCC, ACS, HFL, JH, EWS, SP); the Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (AS); and the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (AS).
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polinder
mesh_terms: D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Depression; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Traumatic Brain Injury