title: High bioavailability curcumin: an anti-inflammatory and neurosupportive bioactive nutrient for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by chronic neuroinflammation.
abstract: Neuroinflammation is a pathophysiological process present in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury including chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other age-related CNS disorders. Although there is still much debate about the initial trigger for some of these neurodegenerative disorders, during the progression of disease, broad range anti-inflammatory drugs including cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs) might be promising therapeutic options to limit neuroinflammation and improve the clinical outcome. One of the most promising CSAIDs is curcumin, which modulates the activity of several transcription factors (e.g., STAT, NF-κB, AP-1) and their pro-inflammatory molecular signaling pathways. However, normal curcumin preparations demonstrate low bioavailability in vivo. To increase bioavailability, preparations of high bioavailability curcumin have been introduced to achieve therapeutically relevant concentrations in target tissues. This literature review aims to summarize the pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile of different curcumin formulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Faheem
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ullah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rangel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.|Molecular Medicine Research Group, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gyengesi
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia. g.niedermayer@westernsydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: Garry
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3944-1351
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Niedermayer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.|Molecular Medicine Research Group, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Münch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001682:Biological Availability; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Curcumin; Microglia; Neuroinflammation; Pharmacokinetics