title: The Exposome Research Paradigm: an Opportunity to Understand the Environmental Basis for Human Health and Disease.
abstract: This paper presents an overview of the exposome research paradigm with particular application to understanding human reproduction and development and its implications for health across a lifespan.
  
  
  
  The exposome research paradigm has generated considerable discussion about its feasibility and utility for delineating the impact of environmental exposures on human health. Early initiatives are underway, including smaller proof-of-principle studies and larger concerted efforts. Despite the notable challenges underlying the exposome paradigm, analytic techniques are being developed to handle its untargeted approach and correlated and multi-level or hierarchical data structures such initiatives generate, while considering multiple comparisons. The relatively short intervals for critical and sensitive windows of human reproduction and development seem well suited for exposome research and may revolutionize our understanding of later onset diseases. Early initiatives suggest that the exposome paradigm is feasible, but its utility remains to be established with applications to population human health research.
authors.affiliation: Office of the Director, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive, Room 3148, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA. louisg@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Germaine M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Buck Louis
authors.affiliation: Office of the Director, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive, Room 3148, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Smarr
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, 10 Shattuck St., Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Chirag J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D004194:Disease; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004782:Environmental Health; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012107:Research Design
keywords: Design; Epidemiology; Exposome; Methods; Reproduction