title: Clostridium difficile infection in inflammatory bowel disease: challenges in diagnosis and treatment.
abstract: The problem of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has reached epidemic proportions, particularly in industrialized nations. The pathophysiology, disease course and the potential complications are well appreciated in the general hospitalized patient. However, when CDI occurs in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a number of distinct differences in the diagnosis and clinical management of the infection in this population should be appreciated by gastroenterologists, hospitalists and other care providers. This review highlights the unique aspects of CDI when it occurs in IBD patients with an emphasis on the challenge of distinguishing persistent infection from exacerbation of underlying chronic colitis. An understanding of how CDI may differ in presentation and how management should be altered can prevent serious and life-threatening complications.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, 1701 W. Charleston Blvd, Suite 230, Las Vegas, NV, 89102, USA.
authors.forename: Ying M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Digestive Institute of Nevada, 8530 W. Sunset Rd, Suite 230, Las Vegas, NV, 89113, USA. cstone@nevadagastro.com.
authors.forename: Christian D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stone
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016360:Clostridioides difficile; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors
keywords: Clostridium difficile infection; Crohn’s disease; Inflammatory bowel disease; Treatment; Ulcerative colitis