title: "Active" photoprotection: sunscreens with DNA repair enzymes.
abstract: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exerts different harmful effects on human health, being the main etiological agent of certain skin cancers and photoaging. In this context, photoprotection, intended as a set of measures adopted to limit and prevent the effects of UV radiation, plays a critical role in avoiding undesired sunlight outcomes. Traditional sunscreens represent a widely used photoprotective approach, even if they exert a "passive photoprotection" and are not effective once damage to skin cells has been generated after sun exposure. Conversely, "active" photoprotection is represented by topical sunscreens including also antioxidants and liposome-containing DNA repair enzymes, which may constitute a photostrategy filling the current gap in sun protection. In the current review, we focused on "active" photoprotection at a topical level, reporting present knowledge and future prospective regarding DNA repair enzymes such as photolyase, endonuclease and 8-oxoguanine glycosylase which are able to enhance the protective power of traditional sunscreens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy - mat24@libero.it.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Megna
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lembo
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Balato
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Monfrecola
mesh_terms: D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes