title: Rare Sugar Syrup Containing d-Allulose but Not High-Fructose Corn Syrup Maintains Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity Partly via Hepatic Glucokinase Translocation in Wistar Rats.
abstract: Ingestion of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is associated with the risk of both diabetes and obesity. Rare sugar syrup (RSS) has been developed by alkaline isomerization of HFCS and has anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. However, the influence of RSS on glucose metabolism has not been explored. We investigated whether long-term administration of RSS maintains glucose tolerance and whether the underlying mechanism involves hepatic glucokinase translocation. Wistar rats were administered water, RSS, or HFCS in drinking water for 10 weeks and then evaluated for glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, liver glycogen content, and subcellular distribution of liver glucokinase. RSS significantly suppressed body weight gain and abdominal fat mass (p < 0.05). The glucose tolerance test revealed significantly higher blood glucose levels in the HFCS group compared to the water group, whereas the RSS group had significantly lower blood glucose levels from 90 to 180 min (p < 0.05). At 30, 60, and 90 min, the levels of insulin in the RSS group were significantly lower than those in the water group (p < 0.05). The amount of hepatic glycogen was more than 3 times higher in the RSS group than that in the other groups. After glucose loading, the nuclear export of glucokinase was significantly increased in the RSS group compared to the water group. These results imply that RSS maintains glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, at least partly, by enhancing nuclear export of hepatic glucokinase.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Matsutani Chemical Industry Company, Limited , 5-3 Kita-Itami, Itami, Hyogo 664-8508, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-8875
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shintani
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Matsutani Chemical Industry Company, Limited , 5-3 Kita-Itami, Itami, Hyogo 664-8508, Japan.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Matsutani Chemical Industry Company, Limited , 5-3 Kita-Itami, Itami, Hyogo 664-8508, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Matsutani Chemical Industry Company, Limited , 5-3 Kita-Itami, Itami, Hyogo 664-8508, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.affiliation: Center for Industry, University and Government Cooperation, Nagasaki University , 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-9521, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.affiliation: Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital , 3-35 Michishita, Nakamuraku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 453-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University , 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi468-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiyasu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005632:Fructose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D066248:High Fructose Corn Syrup / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D066248:High Fructose Corn Syrup; D007328:Insulin; C003243:psicose; D005632:Fructose; D005941:Glucokinase
keywords: d-allulose; d-psicose; glucokinase; insulin sensitivity; rare sugar