title: Personalized medicine: Enhancing our understanding of pediatric growth with analytic morphomics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Analytic morphomics is being used to identify 3-D biologic measures with superior clinical utility and risk stratification over traditional factors such as age, height, and weight. The purpose of this study is to define age and gender specific Pediatric Reference Analytic Morphomics Population (PRAMP™) growth charts.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study population contains 2591 individual CT scans of a normative reference population of males and females (1-20years old). Growth curves were constructed at the 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 95th quantiles for morphomic variables, including psoas muscle area, trabecular bone density, and visceral fat area by age and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total psoas muscle area increases over time until late adolescence. Trabecular bone density remains stable until adolescence, decreases during adolescence, and increases in young adulthood. Visceral fat area increases over time with greater variation between the 5th and 95th percentile with increasing age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PRAMP™ data have been used to construct age- and sex-specific reference growth curves. This may be used to better define "abnormal" in efforts to create unique risk-categorization algorithms specific to particular clinical and global health investigations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level II.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical School and The C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Morphomic Analysis Group, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. Electronic address: calistah@med.umich.edu.
authors.forename: Calista M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Harbaugh
authors.affiliation: Morphomic Analysis Group, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical School and The C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Morphomic Analysis Group, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Brianna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: Morphomic Analysis Group, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Derstine
authors.affiliation: Morphomic Analysis Group, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Sven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Holcombe
authors.affiliation: Section of Trauma Burn Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Morphomic Analysis Group, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Stewart C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Morphomic Analysis Group, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kohoyda-Inglis
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical School and The C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Morphomic Analysis Group, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Peter F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001823:Body Composition; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D057238:Growth Charts; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Analytic morphomics; Cross-sectional imaging; Growth charts