title: Cultivation-Free Raman Spectroscopic Investigations of Bacteria.
abstract: Raman spectroscopy is currently advertised as a hot and ambitious technology that has all of the features needed to characterize and identify bacteria. Raman spectroscopy is rapid, easy to use, noninvasive, and it could complement established microbiological and biomolecular methods in the near future. To bring this vision closer to reality, ongoing research is being conducted on spectral fingerprinting. This can yield a wealth of information, from even single bacteria from various habitats which can be further improved by combining Raman spectroscopy with methods such as stable isotope probing to elucidate microbial interactions. In conjunction with extensive statistical analysis, Raman spectroscopy will allow identification of (non)pathogenic bacteria at different taxonomic levels.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.affiliation: InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wichmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stöckel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: petra.roesch@uni-jena.de.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rösch
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Popp
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D056265:Microbial Interactions; D010641:Phenotype; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Bacteria; Cell components; Identification; Raman spectroscopy; Single-cell analysis; Stable isotope probing