title: Locating difficult veins for venepuncture and cannulation.
abstract: Vein location and assessment are essential to improve the success rates for vascular access. However, problems remain with first attempt success rates for peripheral cannulation and locating difficult veins. Practitioners may not be aware of developments in technology and aids to assist in the location and assessment of veins to achieve vascular access. This article provides an overview of two vein location aids that can be used to locate difficult veins: the IV-eye vein imager and the Vacuderm tourniquet. It discusses the patient factors that can increase the difficulty of vein assessment and location, and emphasises the importance of vessel health and preservation, and vein palpation. Practitioners should be experienced and skilled in the assessment of veins, and they are encouraged to revisit how they locate and assess veins.
authors.affiliation: Warwickshire, England.
authors.forename: Sally Jane
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shaw
keywords: IV-eye vein imager; VHP framework; Vacuderm tourniquet; cannulation; vascular access; vein assessment; vein preservation; venepuncture; vessel health and preservation