title: The importance of medial-lateral styloid process angulation/coronal plane angle in symptomatic eagle syndrome.
abstract: We used three-dimensional computerized tomography (3DCT) to obtain images of Eagle Syndrome (ES) cases and measurements of relevant variables. Twenty-five subjects with ES and 25 controls were included in this retrospective study. Styloid process length, anterior-posterior styloid process angulation (Sagittal plane angle) (APA), medial-lateral styloid process angulation (Coronal plane angle) (MLA), tonsil-stiloid distance and carotid-stiloid distance were measured on CT and 3DCT images, and cranial and neck angiography was obtained, from a total of 580 images. The styloid process lengths were 40.3 and 40.5 mm on the right and left sides in the ES group. The left MLA was lower in symptomatic (Median: 67.0°) than asymptomatic (Median: 72.6°) ES patients. In ES patients with styloid process length above 3 cm, MLA (coronal plane angle) is important, and the symptoms are more intense when this angle is smaller. Clin. Anat. 30:487-491, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Radiology Department, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Veysel
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Burulday
authors.affiliation: Yuksek Ihtisas State Hospital, Neurosurgery Clinics, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Hüseyin
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Akgül
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, ENT Department, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nuray
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-9289
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bayar Muluk
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Radiology Department, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yağdiran
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Radiology Department, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mikail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Eagle syndrome; computerized tomography; medial-lateral styloid process angulation (Coronal plane angle) (MLA); three-dimensional computerized tomography