title: Frailty and physical function in older HIV-infected adults.
abstract: HIV patients have seen accelerated ageing. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of frailty, to evaluate factors associated with frailty and to evaluate physical function in older HIV-infected adults.
  
  
  
  this was a cross-sectional study.
  
  
  
  outpatient clinics of two public university hospitals in Madrid (Spain).
  
  
  
  frailty was defined according to the criteria of Fried: shrinking, weakness, poor endurance and energy, slowness and low physical activity level, being frail those who met at least three criteria, prefrail one or two criteria and robust when they met no criteria. Physical function was assessed using standardised methods.
  
  
  
  we evaluated 117 HIV-infected patients. Mean age was 61.3 ([standard deviation] 6.87) years. All patients were on antiretroviral therapy. Median current CD4+ T-cell count was 638 (144-1871) cells/μl, and median CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.79 (0.00-3.62). The prevalence of frailty was 15.4%, and that of prefrailty was 52.1%. In the multivariate analyses depressive symptoms (OR [95% CI], 9.20 [2.17-39.05]) and CD4/CD8 ratio (OR 0.11 [0.02-0.61]) were associated with frailty. Even though 100% of the patients were able to walk and perform basic activities of daily life independently, functional impairment was high (20% slow gait and 55% Short Physical Performance Battery ≤9).
  
  
  
  HIV-infected patients aged ≥55 years have a high prevalence of frailty and a high burden of functional impairment. Optimal management of this population requires close collaboration between infectious diseases specialists and geriatricians.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric and Internal Medicine Department, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brañas
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Zaida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.affiliation: IRYCIS - Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Conde
authors.affiliation: IRYCIS - Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dronda
authors.affiliation: IiSGM - Infectious Diseases and HIV Unit, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: López-Bernaldo De Quirós
authors.affiliation: IRYCIS - Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pérez-Elías
authors.affiliation: IiSGM - Infectious Diseases and HIV Unit, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miralles
authors.affiliation: IiSGM - Infectious Diseases and HIV Unit, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.affiliation: IRYCIS - Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: IiSGM - Infectious Diseases and HIV Unit, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berenguer
authors.affiliation: IRYCIS - Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D000073496:Frailty / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006779:Hospitals, Public; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018908:Muscle Weakness; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010807:Physical Endurance; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: CD4/CD8 ratio; HIV; frailty; older people; physical function