title: Preparation of organic monolithic columns in polytetrafluoroethylene tubes for reversed-phase liquid chromatography.
abstract: In this work, a method for the preparation and anchoring of polymeric monoliths in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubing as a column housing for microbore HPLC is described. In order to assure a covalent attachment of the monolith to the inner wall of the PTFE tube, a two-step procedure was developed. Two surface etching reagents, a commercial sodium naphthalene solution (Fluoroetch®), or mixtures of H2O2and H2SO4, were tried and compared. Then, the obtained hydroxyl groups on the PTFE surface were modified by methacryloylation. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the successful modification of the tubing wall and the stable anchorage of monolith to the wall, respectively. Special emphasis was also put on the reduction of the unwanted effects of shrinking of monolith during polymerization, by using an external proper mold and by selecting the adequate monomers in order to increase the flexibility of the polymer. Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene) monoliths were in situ synthesized by thermal polymerization within the confines of surface-vinylized PTFE tubes. The modified PTFE tubing tightly held the monolith, and the monolithic column exhibited good pressure resistance up to 20 MPa. The column performance was also evaluated via the isocratic separation of a series of alkylbenzenes in the reversed-phase mode. The optimized monolithic columns gave plate heights ranged between 70 and 80 μm. The resulting monoliths were also satisfactorily applied to the separation of proteins.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Integrated Management of Coastal Areas, Universitat Politècnica de València, Paranimf 1, 46730, Grao de Gandía, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: mocaic@qim.upv.es.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catalá-Icardo
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Integrated Management of Coastal Areas, Universitat Politècnica de València, Paranimf 1, 46730, Grao de Gandía, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torres-Cartas
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Integrated Management of Coastal Areas, Universitat Politècnica de València, Paranimf 1, 46730, Grao de Gandía, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meseguer-Lloret
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Integrated Management of Coastal Areas, Universitat Politècnica de València, Paranimf 1, 46730, Grao de Gandía, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gómez-Benito
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carrasco-Correa
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Simó-Alfonso
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramis-Ramos
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: jmherrer@uv.es.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Herrero-Martínez
mesh_terms: D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene
keywords: Microbore column; Monolith attachment; Polymer monolith; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Reversed-phase liquid chromatography; Surface modification