title: Vertical root fracture resistance of simulated immature permanent teeth filled with MTA using different vehicles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study is to evaluate the resistance vertical root fracture (VRF) of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) filled-immature permanent roots by using three different vehicles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-extracted human single-rooted mandibular premolars were selected and the root length was standardized to the length of 9 mm. For simulation of immature tooth apices, peeso reamers were introduced into the root canals and the prepared roots were assigned into three experimental groups according the used vehicle (distilled water-DW, prophylene glycol-PG, chlorhexidine-CHX) and control group (n=10). To simulate a periodontal membrane, the apical 7 mm of all roots was covered with wax to obtain a 0.2- to 0.3-mm-thick layer before embedding the roots into acrylic cylinders. A vertical force was applied (1mm/min) using a universal testing machine and the maximum load (F-max) that fracture occurred and the fracture mode (splint or comminuted) was recorded. Data were presented as mean and standard deviations. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U Test was used for multiple comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences between fracture strength of experimental groups with that of control group (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found amongst the fracture strength values of the experimental groups (p>0.05). In all groups, split fracture was the most common fracture mode.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTA increases resistance of immature permanent teeth to VRF. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that mixing MTA with CHX or PG as the vehicle do not alter VRF resistance of simulated immature permanent roots.Key words:Immature teeth, MTA, vehicle, vertical root fracture.
authors.affiliation: DDS, PhD, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hacer
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aksel
authors.affiliation: DDS, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sevinc
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Askerbeyli-Örs
authors.affiliation: DDS, PhD, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deniz-Sungur