title: Methodology and Early Findings of the Fifth Survey of Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Noncommunicable Disease: The CASPIAN-V Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This paper presents the methodology and early findings of the fifth survey of a school-based surveillance program in Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  This nationwide study was conducted in 2015 as the fifth survey of a surveillance program entitled "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non- communicable disease" (CASPIAN-V) study. The protocol was mainly based on the World Health Organization-Global School student Health Survey. We studied 14400 students, aged 7-18 years, and their parents living in 30 provinces in Iran. Fasting blood was obtained from a sub-sample of 4200 randomly selected students.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The participation rate for the whole study and for blood sampling were 99% and 91.5%, respectively. The mean (SD) age of participants was 12.3 (3.2) years, consisting of 49.4% girls and 71.4% urban residents. Overall, 16.1% were underweight (17.4% of boys and 14.8% of girls), and 20.8% had excess weight consisting of 9.4% (8.7% of boys and 10.2% of girls) of overweight and 11.4% (12.5% of boys and 10.3% of girls) of obesity. Abdominal obesity was documented in 21.1% of students (21.6% of boys and 20.5% of girls). Low HDL-C was the most prevalent abnormality of the lipid profile (29.5%) followed by high serum triglycerides (27.7%). Of students, 59.9% consumed whole wheat bread; and 57% reported that they never or rarely added salt to table. The reported daily consumption of fresh fruits, vegetables, and milk was about 60%, 32% and 40%, respectively. 13.7% of participants had at least 30-min daily leisure-time physical activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current findings provide an overview of the current health status and lifestyle habits of children and adolescents. This surveillance program would help planning preventive programs at individual and community levels.
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Family, Population, Youth and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatrics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Esmaeil
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Motlagh
authors.affiliation: Health Psychology Department, Research Center of Education Ministry Studies, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ziaodini
authors.affiliation: Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qorbani
authors.affiliation: Office of Adolescents and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Majzoubeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: Office of Adolescents and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Tahereh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aminaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Azam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goodarzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Asal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ataie-Jafari
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.affiliation: Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ahadi
authors.affiliation: Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Gita
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shafiee
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahsavari
authors.affiliation: Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heshmat
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
keywords: Children and adolescents; methodology; prevention; surveillance