title: Expression Analysis of Previously Verified Fecal and Plasma Dow-regulated MicroRNAs (miR-4478, 1295-3p, 142-3p and 26a-5p), in FFPE Tissue Samples of CRC Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis of this neoplasm is critical and may reduce patients' mortality. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules whose expression pattern can be altered in various diseases such as CRC.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we evaluated the expression levels of miR-142-3p, miR-26a-5p (their reduced expression in plasma samples of CRC patients was previously confirmed), miR-4478 and miR-1295-3p (their reduced expression in stool samples of CRC patients was previously confirmed) in tissue samples of CRC patients in comparison to healthy subjects. To achieve this purpose, total RNA including small RNA was extracted from 53 CRC and 35 normal subjects' Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples using the miRNeasy FFPE Mini Kit. The expression levels of these four selected miRNAs were measured using quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the expression levels of miR-4478 and miR-1295b-3p (two previously down-regulated fecal miRNAs) were significantly decreased in FFPE samples of CRC patients compared to healthy controls. On the other hand, no significant differences were seen in expression levels of miR-142-3p and miR-26a-5p (two previously down-regulated circulating miRNAs) in FFPE samples between these two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regarding current findings, it may be concluded that to diagnose CRC patients based on the miRNAs approach, stool samples are more likely preferable to plasma samples; nevertheless, additional studies with more samples are needed to confirm the results.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghanbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rezasoltani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohamadkhani
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Technologies, Golestan University of Medical Sciences (GOUMS), Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tahmasebifar
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arefian
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Naser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mobarra
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Jahanbakhsh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Asadi
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Dseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nazemalhosseini Mojarad
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Yaghoub
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yazdani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Sakari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knuutila
authors.affiliation: Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malekzadeh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs; C000604650:MIRN-4478 microRNA, human; C555159:MIRN142 microRNA, human; C528163:MIRN26 microRNA, human