title: Types of tooth movement, bodily or tipping, do not affect the displacement of the tooth's center of resistance but do affect the alveolar bone resorption.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate how types of tooth movement, bodily or tipping, influence the displacement of the center of resistance in teeth and alveolar bone resorption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into eight groups of different factors, as follows: type of movement (bodily and tipping) and force magnitude (10, 25, 50, and 100 cN). The maxillary left first molars were moved mesially with nickel-titanium coil springs for 28 days. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) images were taken before and after tooth movement. The position of the center of resistance was determined by using finite element models constructed from the micro-CT image. The displacement of the center of resistance and the volume of alveolar bone resorption were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The displacement of the center of resistance showed no significant difference between the bodily and tipping groups. The displacements of the center of resistance were increased with force magnitude at 10 and 25 cN, whereas they were not further increased at 50 and 100 cN. On the other hand, cervical alveolar bone resorption was significantly greater in the tipping group than in the bodily group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Displacement of the center of resistance was not influenced by the types of tooth movement. However, volume of cervical alveolar bone resorption was greater in the tipping movement group than in the bodily movement group.
authors.forename: Takanobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hotokezaka
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hamanaka
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano-Tajima
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurohama
authors.forename: Airi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ino
authors.forename: Jun-Ya
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000818:Animals; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D023421:Models, Animal; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009532:Nickel; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014025:Titanium; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Alveolar bone resorption; Center of resistance; Type of tooth movement