title: Sinus septi nasi: Anatomical study.
abstract: The aim of this study was to perform a pioneering investigation into the incidence of pneumatization in human skulls. A total of 93 human skulls (≥20 years of age, 69 males, 24 females) were included in the study. The skulls were scanned in a fixed position using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The pneumatized space parameters within the nasal septum-width, length, and height-were measured. Two types of finding were identified: (a) Pneumatization, named "sinus septi nasi" (SSN), and (b) "spongy bone" (SB). The results showed SSN in 32 of the 93 skulls (34.4%). The SSN formations were from 0.5 to 4.2 mm wide, 3.5 to 18.8 mm long, and 3.8 to 17.7 mm high. Tumefactions filled with SB were found in 61 of the 93 skulls (65.59%). These were not suitable for precise measurements since the outer borders were not strictly and well defined on CT scans (perhaps because of the preparation process). In conclusion, the perpendicular plate of the ethmoidal bone is not always compact bone; in 34.4% of cases, it shows a degree of pneumatization. In contrast, an enlarged formation filled with SB is present in 65.59% of cases. The possible sources of pneumatization of this little-investigated region are discussed: sphenoid sinus, frontal sinus, and vomeronasal organ. Clin. Anat. 30:312-317, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
authors.forename: Ranko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mladina
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 11, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
authors.forename: Romano
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Antunović
authors.affiliation: ENT Head and Neck Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cingi
authors.affiliation: ENT Head and Neck Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nuray
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-9289
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bayar Muluk
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
authors.forename: Neven
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Skitarelić
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000071556:Cancellous Bone / Q000502:physiology; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005626:Frontal Sinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013101:Sphenoid Sinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019147:Vomeronasal Organ / Q000502:physiology
keywords: bone; dimension; ethmoid; nasal septum; perpendicular plate; skull; spongy; vomeronasal organ