title: [Hemorrhagic shock : General principles].
abstract: Bleeding associated with hemorrhagic shock is often seen in emergency medical services or in the intensive care unit. Identifying the origin of the bleeding and additional disorders helps to determine the degree of the hemorrhagic shock. In order to be effective, the initial therapy until blood products are available needs to be differentiated to be effective in terms of hemodynamic stabilization and coagulation. Crystalloidal and colloidal solutions should be used carefully since those solutions bear a risk within themselves. Treatment of acidosis and hypothermia can further reduce bleeding complications. Early and repeated monitoring of clotting should be performed simultaneously to shock therapy to permit specific treatment and substitution of coagulation factors if needed. Hemorrhagic shock therapy should be continued until bleeding is stopped.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland. teiben@uke.de.
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Eiben
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fuhrmann
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saugel
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kluge
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000628:therapy; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000628:therapy; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors
keywords: Acidosis, lactic; Blood coagulation; Fluid therapy; Hemodynamics; Hypothermia