title: Inactivation of Salmonella spp., pathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., or Listeria monocytogenes in chicken purge or skin using a 405-nm LED array.
abstract: Raw poultry are sometimes contaminated with foodborne pathogens, which can lead to illness in humans. In recent years research has focused on a variety of light technologies to decontaminate food and food contact surfaces during meat and poultry processing. In this study we evaluated the ability of 405-nm light generated from an LED array to inactivate multi-isolate cocktails of either Salmonella spp., pathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., or Listeria monocytogenes suspended in chicken purge or skin. When exposed to 180 J/cm2405-nm light at two separate light intensities (300 mW/cm2/s or 150 mW/cm2/s) the maximum pathogen reduction on chicken skin was ca. 0.4 log. When the pathogens were suspended in chicken purge the maximum log reductions ranged from 0.23 to 0.68 log (180 J/cm2; 150 mW/cm2/s) versus 0.69 to 1.01 log (180 J/cm2; 300 mW/cm2/s). Log reductions of each pathogen, when they were subjected to heat shock prior to 405-nm light treatment, were reduced, indicating that thermal effects accounted for much of the bacterial inactivation.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. Electronic address: christopher.sommers@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sommers
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
authors.forename: Nereus W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Gunther
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
authors.forename: Shiowshuh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000528:radiation effects; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005514:Food Irradiation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008027:Light; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011200:Poultry / Q000382:microbiology*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000528:radiation effects; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology*; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D013193:Stainless Steel
keywords: 405-nm; Aerobic plate counts; Chicken purge; Chicken skin; E. coli; Listeria; Salmonella; Stainless steel; Staphylococcus