title: Spectrum of Pregnancy- and Lactation-related Benign Breast Findings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extensive physiologic changes occur in the breasts during pregnancy and lactation. Additionally, several specific benign lesions are also common in pregnant and lactating patients. These changes and lesions have characteristic imaging appearances and findings.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This article provides an image-rich educational review of typical and atypical benign imaging findings in pregnant and lactating patients. The discussion also includes basic imaging protocol considerations and explores management options.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An understanding of the typical and atypical imaging appearance of physiological changes and specific benign lesions occurring in pregnancy and lactation is essential for appropriate patient care and management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. Electronic address: scottjparker@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Saint Luke's Hospital Breast Center, Kansas City, MO.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saettele
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Winkler
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary / Q000379:methods*