title: Neurological outcome of patients with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS).
abstract: To assess the neurological involvement and outcome, including school and professional performances, of adults and children with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS).
  
  
  
  In this observational study, patients with genetically proven CAPS and followed in the national referral centre for autoinflammatory diseases at Bicêtre hospital were assessed. Neurological manifestations, CSF data and MRI results at diagnosis and during follow-up were analyzed.
  
  
  
  Twenty-four patients (15 adults and 9 children at diagnosis) with CAPS were included. The median age at disease onset was 0 year (birth) [range 0-14], the median age at diagnosis was 20 years [range 0-53] and the mean duration of follow-up was 10.4 ± 2 years. Neurological involvement at diagnosis, mostly headaches and hearing loss, was noted in 17 patients (71%). Two patients of the same family had abnormal brain MRI. A439V mutation is frequently associated with a non-neurological phenotype while R260W mutation tends to be associated with neurological involvement. Eleven adult patients (61%) and 3 children (50%) underwent school difficulties.
  
  
  
  Neurological involvement is frequent in patients with CAPS and the majority of patients presented difficulties in school performances with consequences in the professional outcome during adulthood. Further studies in larger cohorts of children with CAPS focusing in intellectual efficiency and school performances are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Meaux General Hospital, 77104, Meaux Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Nafissa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mamoudjy
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Pediatric Neurology Department and National Referral Center for Neuroinflammatory Diseases in Children and Inserm UMR 1184, Center for immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases, CEA, IDMIT, University Paris Sud, 63, rue Gabriel Péri, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maurey
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Rheumatology, National Referral Centre of Auto-inflammatory Diseases, CEREMAI, CHU Bicêtre, University of Paris Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marie
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Rheumatology, National Referral Centre of Auto-inflammatory Diseases, CEREMAI, CHU Bicêtre, University of Paris Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Koné-Paut
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Pediatric Neurology Department and National Referral Center for Neuroinflammatory Diseases in Children and Inserm UMR 1184, Center for immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases, CEA, IDMIT, University Paris Sud, 63, rue Gabriel Péri, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France. kumaran.deiva@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Kumaran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deiva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D056587:Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Brain; CAPS syndrome; Children; Cognitive; Outcome