title: Circulating C1q complement/TNF-related protein (CTRP) 1, CTRP9, CTRP12 and CTRP13 concentrations in Type 2 diabetes mellitus: In vivo regulation by glucose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The C1q complement/TNF-related protein (CTRP) superfamily, which includes the adipokine adiponectin, has been shown in animal models to have positive metabolic and cardiovascular effects. We sought to investigate circulating CTRP1, CTRP9, CTRP12 and CTRP13 concentrations in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with age and BMI matched controls, and to examine the effects of a 2 hour 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on serum CTRP1, CTRP9, CTRP12 and CTRP13 levels in persons with T2DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study [newly diagnosed T2DM (n = 124) and control (n = 139) participants]. Serum CTRP1, CTRP9, CTRP12 and CTRP13 were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol (TCH), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, TCH/High-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, triglycerides/HDL ratio, glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-reactive protein and endothelial lipase were significantly higher, whereas leptin and adiponectin were significantly lower in T2DM participants. Serum CTRP1 were significantly higher and CTRP12 significantly lower in T2DM participants. Age, diastolic blood pressure, glucose and CTRP12 were predictive of serum CTRP1; leptin was predictive of serum CTRP9; glucose and CTRP1 were predictive of serum CTRP12; endothelial lipase was predictive of serum CTRP13. Finally, serum CTRP1 were significantly higher and CTRP12 significantly lower in T2DM participants after a 2 hour 75g OGTT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data supports CTRP1 and CTRP12 as potential novel biomarkers for the prediction and early diagnosis of T2DM. Furthermore, pharmacological agents that target CTRP1 and CTRP12 could represent a new strategy in the treatment of T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jinin, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine and Metabolic diseases, Jining Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ban
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zunjing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine and Metabolic diseases, Jining Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
authors.forename: Man Man
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.|Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Birmingham Heartlands and Solihull Hospitals, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Bee Kang
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jinin, China.|Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015922:Complement C1q / Q000032:analysis*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D047988:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; C000621176:C1QL3 protein, human; C512356:C1QTNF1 protein, human; C584654:C1QTNF12 protein, human; C543615:C1QTNF9B protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D047988:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins; D015922:Complement C1q; D005947:Glucose