title: Chemiluminescence of Lucigenin-Allantoin and Its Application for the Detection of Allantoin.
abstract: Allantoin has been reported as a promising biomarker for monitoring of oxidative stress in humans and widely utilized in a variety of topical pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Currently, the detection of allantoin is achieved by using chromatographic coupled techniques, which needs sample pre-extraction, derivatization, complex matrixes, and expensive instrumentation. Herein we report both the intense chemiluminescence of allantoin with lucigenin and the chemiluminescent detection of allantoin for the first time. The lucigenin-allantoin system demonstrated chemiluminescence emission intensity 17 times higher than that of the classic lucigenin-hydrogen peroxide system. Based on this fascinating phenomenon, a novel chemiluminescence method has been developed for the sensitive and selective allantoin determination with the combination of flow injection analysis. This method shows a linear calibration curve in the range 0.1-3000 μM with a detection limit (3σ/s) of 0.03 μM. Moreover, it was successfully utilized for the determination of allantoin in human eye drop and real urine samples after simple dilution with water. It shows excellent recoveries in the range 94.0-101.7%, and each measurement takes a very short time. This method exhibits potential advantages in the form of simplicity, rapidity, sensitivity, selectivity, and low cost. Allantoin could be an effective candidate for constructing new chemiluminescence systems, and it may provide a broad range of sensing applications.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saqib
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China.
authors.forename: Baohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Mohamed Ibrahim
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Halawa
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Shimeles Addisu
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kitte
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhongyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China.
authors.forename: Guobao
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9747-0575
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000166:Acridines / Q000737:chemistry*; D000481:Allantoin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D049449:Luminescence; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000166:Acridines; D015415:Biomarkers; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C033472:10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium; D000481:Allantoin; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010100:Oxygen