title: Xanthomonas citri pv. citri Pathotypes: LPS Structure and Function as Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns.
abstract: Xanthomonas citri pv. citri is the pathogen responsible for Asiatic citrus canker, one of the most serious citrus diseases worldwide. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule has been demonstrated to be involved in X. citri pv. citri virulence. Despite enormous progress in investigations of the molecular mechanisms for bacterial pathogenicity, determination of the detailed LPS structure-activity relationship is limited, as the current knowledge is mainly based on structural determination of one X. citri pv. citri strain. As X. citri pv. citri strains are distinguished into three main pathogenicity groups, we characterized the full structure of the LPS from two pathotypes that differ in their host-range specificity. This revealed an intriguing difference in LPS O-chain structure. We also tested the LPSs and isolated lipid A moieties for their ability to act as microbe-associated molecular patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana. Both LPS/lipid As induced ROS accumulation, but no difference was observed between the two pathotypes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Flaviana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silipo
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lotte Bettina
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Andersen Gersby
authors.affiliation: CNR-Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali IPCB, via Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmigiano
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lanzetta
authors.affiliation: CNR-Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali IPCB, via Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garozzo
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France.
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pruvost
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mari-Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molinaro
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008050:Lipid A / Q000737:chemistry; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008050:Lipid A; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: Xanthomonas citri pv. citri; antigens; innate immunity; lipopolysaccharide (LPS); reactive oxygen species (ROS); structure elucidation