title: Cross-cultural consistency and diversity in intrinsic functional organization of Broca's Region.
abstract: As a core language area, Broca's region was consistently activated in a variety of language studies even across different language systems. Moreover, a high degree of structural and functional heterogeneity in Broca's region has been reported in many studies. This raised the issue of how the intrinsic organization of Broca's region effects by different language experiences in light of its subdivisions. To address this question, we used multi-center resting-state fMRI data to explore the cross-cultural consistency and diversity of Broca's region in terms of its subdivisions, connectivity patterns and modularity organization in Chinese and German speakers. A consistent topological organization of the 13 subdivisions within the extended Broca's region was revealed on the basis of a new in-vivo parcellation map, which corresponded well to the previously reported receptorarchitectonic map. Based on this parcellation map, consistent functional connectivity patterns and modularity organization of these subdivisions were found. Some cultural difference in the functional connectivity patterns was also found, for instance stronger connectivity in Chinese subjects between area 6v2 and the motor hand area, as well as higher correlations between area 45p and middle frontal gyrus. Our study suggests that a generally invariant organization of Broca's region, together with certain regulations of different language experiences on functional connectivity, might exists to support language processing in human brain.
authors.affiliation: Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Lingzhong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Juelich, 52425 Juelich, Germany; C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; JARA-BRAIN, Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance, 52425 Juelich, Germany.
authors.forename: Svenja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caspers
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Juelich, 52425 Juelich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA-BRAIN, Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance, 52425 Juelich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heim
authors.affiliation: Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia.
authors.forename: Cirong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Juelich, 52425 Juelich, Germany; Institute for Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Simon B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Eickhoff
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Juelich, 52425 Juelich, Germany; C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; JARA-BRAIN, Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance, 52425 Juelich, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amunts
authors.affiliation: Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia; Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 625014, China. Electronic address: jiangtz@nlpr.ia.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Tianzi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D001931:Brain Mapping; D065711:Broca Area / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Broca's region; Chinese; Cultural impacts; Functional connectivity; German; Resting-state