title: Hypoglycemic effect of the polyphenols rich extract from Rose rugosa Thunb on high fat diet and STZ induced diabetic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rosa rugosa Thunb is a traditional Uygur medicine that has been used in the treatment of diabetes in Uygur ancient recipe for hundreds of years. However, the mechanism of Rosa rugosa Thunb activity is still unclear. This study was designed to address this issue by studying the polyphenols enriched extract (RPE) of Rosa rugosa Thunb in diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  RPE were tested in the inhibition of α-glucosidase and oxidative stress in vitro. RPE was administrated at dosages of 37.5, 75 and 150mg/kg body weight in the type 2 diabetic rats, which were made by high fat diet feeding plus a low dose of STZ injection (30mg/kg). The therapeutic effect was evaluated four weeks later. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT) and insulin signal pathway (PI3K/AKT) were examined to determine insulin sensitivity. Blood glucose levels and body weight were measured weekly in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro, RPE exhibited an activity in the inhibition of α-glucosidase and had an excellent antioxidant activity in the liver of diabetic rats. RPE significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose, improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR), OGTT, ITT and blood lipid profile. The glycogen synthesis and hexokinase activity were increased together with the improved signaling activity of insulin as indicated by p-IRS, p-IR, p-AKT, and p-GSK-3β.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that RPE reduced blood glucose in type 2 diabetic rats by improvement of insulin sensitivity. The effect is likely achieved by inhibition of oxidative stress and α-glucosidase.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
authors.forename: Haiqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China. Electronic address: xinxl@ms.xjb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xuelei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China. Electronic address: haji@ms.xjb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Haji Akber
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Aisa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027826:Rosa
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: Antioxidant; Diabetes; PI3K/AKT signaling pathway; Rose rugosa Thunb