title: Risk factors for central serous chorioretinopathy in pregnant Japanese women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to determine risk factors for central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) in pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective observational study was performed in a cohort of all 1881 women giving birth at a single center. The hospital database was searched to abstract all women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia (PE) as well as those visiting the eye clinic during the current pregnancy. Medical chart review was performed in all women diagnosed with CSC and PE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PE developed in 73 (3.9%) women, six (8.2%) of whom visited the eye clinic for problems occurring in the current pregnancy; 47 of 1808 (2.6%) women without PE visited the eye clinic (P  = 0.015). Four women were identified as having developed CSC after onset of PE, and none of those without PE developed CSC (5.5% [4/73] vs 0.0% [0/1808], respectively, P <  0.0001). Stepwise regression analysis selected four risk factors for CSC: hematocrit value > 38.0% (odds ratio [OR], 22.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.12-247), serum creatinine > 0.7 mg/dL (OR, 21.7; 95%CI, 1.12-422), time interval from diagnosis of PE until delivery > 14 days (OR, 20.0; 95%CI, 1.87-214), and urine protein : creatinine ratio (mg/mg) > 4.5 (OR, 15.7; 95%CI, 0.81-304). Hematocrit value > 38.0% was finally identified as the only independent risk factor (OR, 22.9; 95%CI, 2.12-1716) for CSC in PE women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CSC was likely to occur in PE women, especially in those with hemoconcentration as a result of plasma leakage from the circulating blood due to increased vascular permeability.
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umazume
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kinuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minakami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: eclampsia; gestational weight gain; peripartum cardiomyopathy; proteinuria; vascular permeability