title: Mechanisms of Cd and Cr removal and tolerance by macrofungus Pleurotus ostreatus HAU-2.
abstract: Fungi bioaccumulation is a novel and highly promising approach to remediate polluted soil. The present study revealed a high ability to tolerate Cd and Cr in the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus HAU-2. However, high concentrations of Cd and Cr can suppress fungal growth and result in a variation of hypha micromorphology. Batch experiments were performed to investigate Cd and Cr stress effects on the amount of active oxygen in fungi, activity of antioxidant enzyme, as well as the removal efficiency of Cd and Cr. The results revealed that Cd and Cr caused increasing active oxygen and malonaldehyde (MDA) concentrations. Antioxidant enzymes play a central role in removing active oxygen, while glutathione (GSH) aids the Cd detoxification within cells. In fluid culture, fungal removal rates of Cd and Cr ranged from 44.85% to 80.36% and 14.49% to 45.55%, respectively. Intracellular accumulation and extracellular adsorption were the major removal approaches. Bag cultivation testing indicated that the fungus absorbed Cd and Cr contained within soil. In particular, the accumulation ability of Cd (15.6mgkg-1) was higher compared to that of Cr (8.9mgkg-1). These results successfully establish P. ostreatus HAU-2 as promising candidate for the remediation of heavy-metal polluted soils.
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Xuanzhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Youjing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Yanshuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Xuchang Environmental Monitoring Center, Xuchang 461099, China.
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Industrial Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Guixiao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: La
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China. Electronic address: yuanlc@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China. Electronic address: zztv2008@163.com.
authors.forename: Shimin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002104:Cadmium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002857:Chromium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D025301:Hyphae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D002857:Chromium; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Accumulation; Adsorption; Heavy metals; Macrofungus; Remediation