title: Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Humans: Tale or Myth.
abstract: Hypoxic Pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) describes the physiological adaptive process of lungs to preserves systemic oxygenation. It has clinical implications in the development of pulmonary hypertension which impacts on outcomes of patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery. This review examines both acute and chronic hypoxic vasoconstriction focusing on the distinct clinical implications and highlights the role of calcium and mitochondria in acuteversusthe role of reactive oxygen species and Rho GTPases in chronic HPV. Furthermore it identifies gaps of knowledge and need for further research in humans to clearly define this phenomenon and the underlying mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: School of Clinical Sciences, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Suleiman
authors.affiliation: School of Clinical Sciences, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loubani
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morice
keywords: Acute hypoxia; Chronic hypoxia; Human; Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction; Pulmonary hypertension