title: Relationship between clinical evaluation and ultrasound assessment of rheumatoid arthritis patients using a 12 joint score.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify if the use of a systematic ultrasound (US) evaluation has relevance in the determination of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients on biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12 joint US assessment was performed on the same day of the routine clinical examination. Both Grey-scale (GS) and Power Doppler (PD) were graded semi-quantitatively (0-3 scale).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-one patients were included. GS or PD > 0 were found in 24% and 3% of the ankles, 21% and 17% of the wrists, 19% and 9% of the second metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP), 7% and 2% of the third MCP, 6% and 0% of the knees and 5% and 0% of the elbows, respectively; tenosynovitis of the tibialis posterior was found in 19% of the ankles. Eight of the patients with Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS28) ≤ 2.6 (n = 15) had an US score of 0. Twenty-seven joints (6.7%) had US evidence of synovitis but were not considered to be swollen; 10 (2.5%) were considered to be swollen but had no US evidence of synovitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a 12 joint US assessment, a high proportion of patients with DAS28 < 2.6 were found to have inflammatory US activity, and a significant proportion of patients had evidence of tenosynovitis of the tibialis posterior, which may be difficult to clinically detect. A regular and standardized US assessment of RA patients is therefore warranted to complement clinical evaluation and better define disease activity.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology department, Hospital Conde de Bertiandos, ULSAM, Ponte de Lima, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cerqueira
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology department, Hospital Conde de Bertiandos, ULSAM, Ponte de Lima, Portugal.
authors.forename: Filipa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology department, Hospital Conde de Bertiandos, ULSAM, Ponte de Lima, Portugal.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sousa Neves
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology department, Hospital Conde de Bertiandos, ULSAM, Ponte de Lima, Portugal.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peixoto
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology department, Hospital Conde de Bertiandos, ULSAM, Ponte de Lima, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria Carmo
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology department, Hospital Conde de Bertiandos, ULSAM, Ponte de Lima, Portugal.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013585:Synovitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D013717:Tenosynovitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
keywords: disease activity; rheumatoid arthritis; ultrasound