title: Influence of hypoxia on the stemness of umbilical cord matrix-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured on chitosan films.
abstract: Chitosan is attractive as a substrate for stem cell expansion because it improves stemness through formation of spheroids. Hypoxia has also been proposed as a strategy to enhance stemness and survival of stem cells after in vivo implantation. This study was therefore designed to evaluate the influence of hypoxia on chitosan-induced behavior of stem cells. Umbilical cord matrix-derived stem cells were cultured on chitosan film or standard plate under normoxia and hypoxia, for 3 and 7 days. Based on immunophenotyping, chitosan strongly suppresses the expression of CD90 and CD105 cell surface markers, changes partially reversed by combined exposure to hypoxia. Hypoxia generally increased the volume and number of spheroids formed on chitosan, but the cellularity of cultures on chitosan films remained lower than that of standard plates. After 7 days of culture, the expression of stemness related genes (Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog) was best stimulated by combined exposure to chitosan and hypoxia. Based on our results, conditioning stem cells for 7 days on chitosan films under hypoxic conditions is recommended to enhance the stemness of stem cells, and minimize cell loss due to lack of attachment on chitosan. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 501-511, 2018.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California.
authors.forename: Jane Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California.
authors.forename: Jijun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
authors.forename: Yvette S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Nout-Lomas
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Korean Adult Stem Cell Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Sun
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California.
authors.forename: Dominique J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Griffon
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000071063:Endoglin / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D000071063:Endoglin; D011108:Polymers; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens; D048271:Chitosan; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: chitosan; hypoxia; mesenchymal stem cells; spheroids; stemness