title: Being overweight has limited effect on SCARF osteotomy outcome for hallux valgus correction.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and the results of SCARF osteotomy of the first metatarsal for hallux valgus (HV) correction, as the literature on this is scant.
  
  
  
  This prospective study was carried out between 2011 and 2015. One hundred and thirty-three patients diagnosed with moderate to severe HV underwent a SCARF corrective osteotomy. We divided the patients into two groups according to their BMI: normal and overweight. Postoperative follow-up was two years. All patients were examined twice by two medical doctors simultaneously: pre-operatively and post-operatively at two years' follow-up. Data collected included biometrical records, X-rays [HV angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal Index (AOFAS-HMI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and satisfaction].
  
  
  
  There was a significant difference between patient age (p = 0.001), age at onset (p < 0.001) and AOFAS-HMI (p = 0.035) at follow-up. Other parameters were similar in both groups.
  
  
  
  Regardless of BMI, the radiological outcome was comparable. Despite a significant difference in AOFAS-HMI results, pain and satisfaction level were similar. The authors agreed that high BMI has protective role in the prevalence of HV.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic and Trauma Department, Veteran's Memorial Teaching Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Milczarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Julia J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Milczarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Bartłomiej
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tomasik
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic and Trauma Department, Veteran's Memorial Teaching Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Łaganowski
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic and Trauma Department, Veteran's Memorial Teaching Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic and Trauma Department, Veteran's Memorial Teaching Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549, Lodz, Poland. marcin.domzalski@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domżalski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006215:Hallux Valgus / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: BMI; Hallux valgus; Overweight; SCARF