title: [In vitro antifungal activity of azoles and amphotericin B against Malassezia furfur by the CLSI M27-A3 microdilution and Etest®methods].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malassezia furfur is a human skin commensal yeast that can cause skin and opportunistic systemic infections. Given its lipid dependant status, the reference methods established by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) to evaluate antifungal susceptibility in yeasts are not applicable.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of M. furfur isolates from infections in humans to antifungals of clinical use.
  
  
  METHODS
  The susceptibility profile to amphotericin B, itraconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole of 20 isolates of M. furfur, using the broth microdilution method (CLSI M27-A3) and Etest®, was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Itraconazole and voriconazole had the highest antifungal activity against the isolates tested. The essential agreement between the two methods for azoles antifungal activity was in the region of 60-85% and the categorical agreement was around 70-80%, while the essential and categorical agreement for amphotericin B was 10%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The azoles were the compounds that showed the highest antifungal activity against M. furfur, as determined by the two techniques used; however more studies need to be performed to support that Etest®is a reliable method before its implementation as a routine clinical laboratory test.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Juan Camilo
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Galvis-Marín
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: María Ximena
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Bocanegra
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Adriana Del Pilar
authors.initials: ADP
authors.lastname: Pulido-Villamarín
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Rubiela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castañeda-Salazar
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología (LAMFU), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Adriana Marcela
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Celis-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Electronic address: linares-m@javeriana.edu.co.
authors.forename: Melva Yomary
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Linares-Linares
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003470:Culture Media; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000382:microbiology; D012628:Dermatitis, Seborrheic / Q000382:microbiology; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008290:Malassezia / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D021521:Ribotyping; D014010:Tinea Versicolor / Q000382:microbiology; D065819:Voriconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D017964:Itraconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; D065819:Voriconazole; D007654:Ketoconazole
keywords: Broth microdilution; Etest(®); Malassezia furfur; Microdilución; Sensibilidad; Susceptibility