title: Promising Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy: TLRs, RLRs, and STING-Mediated Innate Immune Pathways.
abstract: Malignant cancers employ diverse and intricate immune evasion strategies, which lead to inadequately effective responses of many clinical cancer therapies. However, emerging data suggest that activation of the tolerant innate immune system in cancer patients is able, at least partially, to counteract tumor-induced immunosuppression, which indicates triggering of the innate immune response as a novel immunotherapeutic strategy may result in improved therapeutic outcomes for cancer patients. The promising innate immune targets include Toll-like Receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like Receptors (RLRs), and Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING). This review discusses the antitumor properties of TLRs, RLRs, and STING-mediated innate immune pathways, as well as the promising innate immune targets for potential application in cancer immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China. likai.19870816@163.com.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China. qs1996neptune@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China. www.candychen@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China. kigo@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China. shiming@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance / Q000187:drug effects; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000099197:STING Protein
chemical_list: D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; C532857:STING1 protein, human; D000099197:STING Protein; C452820:RIGI protein, human
keywords: RIG-I-like Receptors; Stimulator of Interferon Genes; Toll-like Receptors; cancer immunotherapy; innate immunity