title: Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antiproliferative Properties of Essential Oils from Hairy and Normal Roots ofLeonurus sibiricusL. and Their Chemical Composition.
abstract: Essential oils obtained from the NR (normal roots) and HR (hairy roots) of the medicinal plantLeonurus sibiricusroot were used in this study. The essential oil compositions were detected by GC-MS. Eighty-five components were identified in total. Seventy components were identified for NR essential oil. The major constituents in NR essential oil wereβ-selinene (9.9%), selina-4,7-diene (9.7%),(E)-β-caryophyllene (7.3%),myli-4(15)-ene (6.4%), and guaia-1(10),11-diene (5.9%). Sixty-seven components were identified in HR essential oil, the main constituents being(E)-β-caryophyllene (22.6%), and germacrene D (19.8%). The essential oils were tested for cytotoxic effect, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Both essential oils showed activity against grade IV glioma cell lines (IC50= 400μg/mL), antimicrobial (MIC and MFC values of 2500 to 125μg/mL), and anti-inflammatory (decreased level of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γin LPS-stimulated cells).The essential oils exhibited moderate antioxidant activity in ABTS (EC50= 98 and 88μg/mL) assay. This is the first study to examine composition of the essential oils and their antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory activities. The results indicate that essential oils formL. sibiricusroot may be used in future as an alternative to synthetic antimicrobial agents with potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5495-3550
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sitarek
authors.affiliation: Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rijo
authors.affiliation: Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1139-6840
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skała
authors.affiliation: Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kalemba
authors.affiliation: Department of Pneumology and Allergy, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3501-167X
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Białas
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szemraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Cancer Center, HCC-709, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pytel
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5182-6991
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wysokińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Śliwiński
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005910:Glioma; D006801:Humans; D031332:Leonurus / Q000737:chemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils