title: Stranger Fear and Early Risk for Social Anxiety in Preschoolers with Fragile X Syndrome Contrasted to Autism Spectrum Disorder.
abstract: This study investigated behavioral indicators of social fear in preschool boys with fragile X syndrome (FXS) with a low degree of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms (FXS-Low; n = 29), FXS with elevated ASD symptoms (FXS-High; n = 25), idiopathic ASD (iASD; n = 11), and typical development (TD; n = 36). Gaze avoidance, escape behaviors, and facial fear during a stranger approach were coded. Boys with elevated ASD symptoms displayed more avoidant gaze, looking less at the stranger and parent than those with low ASD symptoms across etiologies. The iASD group displayed more facial fear than the other groups. Results suggest etiologically distinct behavioral patterns of social fear in preschoolers with elevated ASD symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton Street, Barnwell College, Suite 220, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Scherr
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton Street, Barnwell College, Suite 220, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Abigail L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Special Education, Vanderbilt University, 417D One Magnolia Circle, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hatton
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton Street, Barnwell College, Suite 220, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA. JEROBERT@mailbox.sc.edu.
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005149:Facial Expression; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology*; D005600:Fragile X Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D021641:Recognition, Psychology
keywords: Anxiety; Autism spectrum disorder; Fragile X syndrome; Stranger fear; Temperament