title: Impact of ApoE genotypes variations on Toxoplasma patients with dementia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Toxoplasma deprives host neuron cells from cholesterol and leads to its ability to potentiate dementia. ApoE intermediates neuronal transmission of cholesterol, which is a key constituent for axonal development, redesigning occasions that are important for education and synaptic arrangement, development of memory and repair of neuron. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of ApoE genotypes on dementia associated with neurodegeneration in latent Toxoplasma gondii in elderly population.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study comprised: 133 patients with dementia (78 were positive for toxoplasma IgG and 55 were negative) and 95 subjects as control group without dementia (30 were positive for toxoplasma IgG and 65 were negative). All of them were subjected to a cognitive assessment, T. gondii seropositivity (ELISA) and determination of ApoE allelic forms (PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ApoE genotype distribution shows that the most predominant genotype is ApoE3/3 and the most widely recognized allele is E3. Both patients and control were further divided into Toxoplasma IgG positive group (n=108) and Toxoplasma IgG negative group (n=120). ApoE4 non carrier, ApoE 2/3 and ApoE 3/3 alleles have highly significant differences (P<0.001) between dementia and non-dementia patients in Toxoplasma infected patients in comparison to non-infected ones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Toxoplasma positive patients have more risk to develop dementia regardless ApoE4 carriage.
authors.affiliation: Laboratories Department, Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. Electronic address: yahyaraida@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Raida S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Yahya
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Soha I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hatim A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: El-Baz
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Niveen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saudy
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Osama A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Abdelsalam
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed S Shehab
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Al-Din
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D053318:Apolipoprotein E3 / Q000235:genetics*; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D053318:Apolipoprotein E3; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E
keywords: ApoE; Dementia; Neurocognitive dysfunctions; Toxoplasma