title: Natural Compounds from Mexican Medicinal Plants as Potential Drug Leads for Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs.
abstract: In Mexican Traditional Medicine 187 plant species are used in the treatment of respiratory conditions that may be associated with tuberculosis. In this contribution, we review the ethnobotany, chemistry and pharmacology of 63 species whose extracts have been assayed for antimycobacterial activity in vitro. Among these, the most potent is Aristolochia brevipes (MIC= 12.5 µg/mL), followed by Aristolochia taliscana, Citrus sinensis, Chrysactinia mexicana, Persea americana, and Olea europaea (MIC<64 µg/mL). Other potent extracts (inhibition > 95%, 50 µg/mL) include: Amphipterygium adstringens, Larrea divaricata, and Phoradendron robinsoni. Several active compounds have been identified, the most potent are: Licarin A (isolated from A. taliscana), and 9-amino-9-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]-chromen-2-one (transformation product of 9-methoxytariacuripyrone isolated from Aristolochia brevipes), both with MIC= 3.125 µg/mL, that is 8-fold less potent than the reference drug Rifampicin (MIC= 0.5 µg/mL). Any of the compounds or extracts here reviewed has been studied in clinical trials or with animal models; however, these should be accomplished since several are active against strains resistant to common drugs.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, México.|Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, 09340 México, DF, México.
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gómez-Cansino
authors.affiliation: Catedrática CONACyT, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, México.
authors.forename: Silvia Laura
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Guzmán-Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. Doctores, 06720 México, DF, México.
authors.forename: María Guadalupe
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Campos-Lara
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, México.
authors.forename: Clara Ines
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Espitia-Pinzón
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, México.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reyes-Chilpa
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D019448:Ethnobotany; D005562:Formazans; D008800:Mexico; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D005562:Formazans; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C079782:MTT formazan