title: Development and validation of a new dynamic in vitro model of the piglet colon (PigutIVM): application to the study of probiotics.
abstract: For ethical, technical, regulatory, and cost reasons, in vitro methods are increasingly used as an alternative to in vivo experimentations. The aim of the present study was to validate, according to in vivo data in living animals, a new in vitro model of the piglet colon, the PigutIVM, under both control conditions and antibiotic disturbance by the widely used colistin. The PigutIVM reproduces the main biotic and abiotic parameters of the piglet colon: temperature, pH, retention time, supply of ileal effluents, complex, and metabolically active microbiota and self-maintained anaerobiosis. Under both control and antibiotic-treated conditions, qPCR analyses showed that the main bacterial populations of piglet gut microbiota were similar in vitro and in vivo, with Pearson correlation coefficient higher than 0.9. During colistin administration, both in piglets and in the in vitro model, a significant decrease in Escherichia coli populations was observed together with changes in microbial composition of subdominant populations. SCFA concentrations were similar in vitro and in vivo and were not modified by colistin. Interestingly, the administration of the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 led in vitro to a decrease in E. coli levels, as previously observed when the antibiotic treatment was applied. This new in vitro model of the piglet colon provides a flexible, reproducible, and cost-effective tool for the screening of drugs or new dietary compounds, such as pre- or probiotics. It will be helpful for researchers, feed producers, or veterinarians when developing innovative non-antibiotic strategies.
authors.affiliation: UMR UCA INRA 454 MEDIS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, ANSES, 22440, Ploufragan, France.|Université Bretagne Loire, 35044, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Mickaël Alain
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fleury
authors.affiliation: UMR UCA INRA 454 MEDIS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Le Goff
authors.affiliation: UMR UCA INRA 454 MEDIS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Denis
authors.affiliation: UMR UCA INRA 454 MEDIS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Lallemand Animal Nutrition, 31702, Blagnac, France.
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chaucheyras-Durand
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, ANSES, 22440, Ploufragan, France.|Université Bretagne Loire, 35044, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jouy
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, ANSES, 22440, Ploufragan, France.|Université Bretagne Loire, 35044, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kempf
authors.affiliation: UMR UCA INRA 454 MEDIS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alric
authors.affiliation: UMR UCA INRA 454 MEDIS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France. stephanie.blanquet@uca.fr.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blanquet-Diot
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019149:Bioreactors; D003091:Colistin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D015194:Diffusion Chambers, Culture; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069983:Saccharomyces boulardii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003091:Colistin
keywords: Colistin; Gut microbiota; In vitro model; Piglet; Probiotic; Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii