title: Label-Free LSPR Detection of Trace Lead(II) Ions in Drinking Water by Synthetic Poly(mPD-co-ASA) Nanoparticles on Gold Nanoislands.
abstract: Using self-assembly gold nanoislands (SAM-AuNIs) functionalized by poly(m-phenylenediamine-co-aniline-2-sulfonic acid) (poly(mPD-co-ASA)) copolymer nanoparticles as specific receptors, a highly sensitive localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) optochemical sensor is demonstrated for detection of trace lead cation (Pb(II)) in drinking water. The copolymer receptor is optimized in three aspects: (1) mole ratio of mPD:ASA monomers, (2) size of copolymer nanoparticles, and (3) surface density of the copolymer. It is shown that the 95:5 (mPD:ASA mole ratio) copolymer with size less than 100 nm exhibits the best Pb(II)-sensing performance, and the 200 times diluted standard copolymer solution contributes to the most effective functionalization protocol. The resulting poly(mPD-co-ASA)-functionalized LSPR sensor attains the detection limit to 0.011 ppb toward Pb(II) in drinking water, and the linear dynamic range covers 0.011 to 5000 ppb (i.e., 6 orders of magnitude). In addition, the sensing system exhibits robust selectivity to Pb(II) in the presence of other metallic cations as well as common anions. The proposed functional copolymer functionalized on AuNIs is found to provide excellent Pb(II)-sensing performance using simple LSPR instrumentation for rapid drinking-water inspection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guangyu
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7873-1485
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Siu Pang
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiongyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science , Jinan 250014, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2064-4984
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science , Jinan 250014, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiangfeng
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9266-7707
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.|Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science , Jinan 250014, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chi-Man Lawrence
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000032:analysis; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D058105:Polymerization; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D060766:Drinking Water; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D011108:Polymers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007854:Lead; D006046:Gold