title: Developmental toxicity and thyroid hormone-disrupting effects of 2,4-dichloro-6-nitrophenol in Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus).
abstract: In the present study, to evaluate embryonic toxicity and the thyroid-disrupting effects of 2,4-dichloro-6-nitrophenol (DCNP), embryos and adults of Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) were exposed to 2, 20, and 200μg/L DCNP. In the embryo-larval assay, increased percentages of mortality and occurrence of malformations, decreased percentage of hatching, and decreased body length and body weight were observed after DCNP treatment. Moreover, the whole-body T3 levels were significantly increased at 20 and 200μg/L treatments, whereas the T4 levels were markedly decreased significantly (p<0.05) for all DCNP concentrations. In the adult fish assay, plasma T3 levels were significantly increased whereas plasma T4 levels were significantly reduced in the fish treated with 20 and 200μg/L (p<0.05). In addition, DCNP exposure significantly changed the transcription levels of thyroid system related genes, including dio1, dio2, me, nis, tr, and ttr. The increased responsiveness of thyroid hormone and mRNA expression levels of thyroid system related genes suggested that DCNP could disrupt the thyroid hormone synthesis and transport pathways. Therefore, our findings provide new insights of DCNP as a thyroid hormone-disrupting chemical.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, PR China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, PR China.
authors.forename: Lilai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, PR China. Electronic address: jmzha@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jinmiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, PR China.
authors.forename: Zijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C518754:2,4-dichloro-6-nitrophenol; D009596:Nitrophenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013963:Thyroid Hormones
keywords: 2,4-Dichloro-6-nitrophenol; Chinese rare minnow; Endocrine disruption; Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis; Thyroid hormones