title: Gastro-oesophageal reflux in patients with chronic rhino-sinusitis investigated with multichannel impedance - pH monitoring.
abstract: The pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is unclear. It has been discussed for decades whether gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) may be a contributing factor for some patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the level of GOR in an unselected group of patients with CRS using multichannel impedance-pH monitoring.
  
  
  
  Consecutive patients with CRS diagnosed using the EPOS2012 criteria, completed questionnaires on GOR symptoms and were offered 24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII)-pH monitoring. The results were compared with a group of healthy controls.
  
  
  
  Forty-six patients completed MII-pH-monitoring and were compared with 45 control subjects, with comparable age and gender distributions. The median number of reflux episodes in the patients was 56.5 compared with 33 in controls, while, the numbers of proximal reflux episodes was 27.5 versus 3, respectively. Thirty nine patients had abnormal pH-impedance recordings compared with five controls.
  
  
  
  The CRS patients had significantly higher incidences of gastro-oesophageal reflux compared with asymptomatic controls. The results of this study suggest that GOR may be a causative or contributing factor of CRS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Katle
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hatlebakk
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grimstad
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kvaløy
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Steinsvåg
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*