title: Comparison of LDL-Cholesterol Estimate using Various Formulae with Directly Measured LDL-Cholesterol in Indian Population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDLc) is widely recognized as an established cardiovascular risk marker. Different formulae have been proposed for calculation of LDLc but have not been validated in Indian population and over a wide range of Triglycerides (TG). Friedewald formula is most commonly used which has various shortcomings.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To calculate LDLc using various formulae and compare it with directly measured LDLc at various ranges of TG concentration in Indian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  One year lipid profile data of 21,503 samples was taken. Calculation of LDLc was done by the following formulae: Friedewald; Cordova and Cordova; Vujovic; Ahmadi; Anandaraja; Puavillai and Hattori. Comparison of calculated LDLc with directly measured LDLc was done at following TG ranges: <150mg/dL; 151-199mg/dL; 200-399mg/dL and >400mg/dL using Pearson's correlation coefficient and two-paired t-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For TG range <150mg/dL, Puavillai formula correlated best with direct measurement (r = 0.978). For TG range 151-199mg/dL, Vujovic formula correlated best with direct measurement (r = 0.977and mean difference of -1.2 mg/dL). For TG range 200-399mg/dL, Vujovic formula correlated best with direct measurement (r = 0.968). For TG range >400 mg/dL, Vujovic formula correlated best with direct measurement (r = 0.791).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vujovic formula appears to be more accurate than any other formula when applied to Indian population.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate, Department of Biochemistry, St. John's Medical College , Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Nishtha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wadhwa
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, St. John's Medical College , Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Radhika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krishnaswamy
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Direct low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Vujovic formula