title: Application of time-of-flight mass spectrometry for screening of crude glycerins for toxic phorbol ester contaminants.
abstract: Since 2007, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has received numerous complaints of pet illnesses that may be related to the consumption of jerky pet treats. Many of those treats include glycerin as an ingredient. Glycerin can be made directly from oils such as palm seed oil, but can also be derived from the seed oil of toxic Jatropha plant during biodiesel production. If crude glycerin from biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas is used in the manufacture of animal feed, toxic tigliane diterpene phorbol esters (PEs), namely Jatropha factors (JFs), may be present and could lead to animal illnesses. Considering the numerous uses of glycerin in consumer products there is a need for a rapid method to screen crude glycerin for JF toxins and other PE contaminants. We describe the development of an ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time of flight (UHPLC/Q-TOF) method for screening crude glycerin for PEs. An exact mass database, developed in-house, of previously identified PEs from Jatropha curcas as well as putative compounds was used to identify possible contaminants.
authors.affiliation: Division of Residue Chemistry, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA.
authors.forename: Kithsiri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Herath
authors.affiliation: Division of Residue Chemistry, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Laboratory Investigation & Response Network, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA.
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reimschuessel
authors.affiliation: Division of Residue Chemistry, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA. Electronic address: hiranthi.jayasuriya@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Hiranthi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jayasuriya
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry*; D031286:Jatropha / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D010703:Phorbol Esters; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: Glycerin; Jatropha curcas; Jatropha factors; UHPLC/Q-TOF