title: Multi-approach characterization of organic sediment produced by an anaerobic digestion plant fed with pig slurry and stored for a long term in a lagoon.
abstract: This study combined different approaches to characterize organic sediments produced by an anaerobic digestion plant feed with pig slurry, and accumulated for many years in a lagoon. The results of all analyses identified a certain homogeneity of the sediments. As a consequence of the pig diet, the sediment contained an high concentration of Zn (about 4gkg-1) and Cu (about 1.2gkg-1), which were mostly associated to the particles with a size ranging from 2 to 53μm. The sediment was made of large amount of organic matter, mostly cellulose and recalcitrant molecules, and 30-40% mineral fraction. XANES and XES spectroscopies indicated the presence of zinc phosphate (38%), zinc sulfide (32%), zinc carbonate (19%), and zinc oxide (11%). The presence in the sediment of forms characterized by a very scarce solubility, as also confirmed by the Zn and Cu chemical speciation, indicated a low bioavailability of these metals. However, although their low mobility, the high concentrations of Zn and Cu allowed to consider the sediment not suitable to use as a fertiliser due to the potential risk of metal interaction with the food chain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06124, Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: annaricci83@libero.it.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06124, Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: luisa.massaccesi@unipg.it.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Massaccesi
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06124, Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: daniela.pezzolla@unipg.it.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pezzolla
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131, Ancona, Italy. Electronic address: g.corti@univpm.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Corti
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06124, Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: alberto.agnelli@unipg.it.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agnelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06124, Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: giovanni.gigliotti@unipg.it.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gigliotti
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013552:Swine; D018505:Waste Management; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*; D056928:X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014866:Waste Products; D003300:Copper; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Anaerobic digestate; Copper; Sequential extraction; XANES/XES spectroscopy; Zinc