title: Neurosurgery concepts: Key perspectives on imaging characteristics of spinal metastases, surgery for low back pain, anesthesia for disc surgery, and laminectomy versus laminectomy and fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States.
authors.forename: Carlito
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lagman
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States.
authors.forename: Lawrance K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Macyszyn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States.
authors.forename: Winward
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Choy
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
authors.forename: Zachary A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
authors.forename: Nader S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Dahdaleh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bohnen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Grosse Pointe, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Chaim B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Colen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duckworth
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Illinois, United States.
authors.forename: Anand V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Germanwala
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, United States.
authors.forename: Alexander A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khalessi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Chae-Yong
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States.
authors.forename: Sandi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, United States.
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.affiliation: Seton Brain and Spine Institute Neurosurgery, Kyle, Texas, United States.
authors.forename: Vincent Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zada
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States.
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yang
keywords: Laminectomy; low back pain; neoplasm metastasis; spinal cord; spinal fusion; spondylolisthesis