title: Comparison of computed tomographic angiography and noncontrast magnetic resonance angiography in preoperative evaluation of living renal donors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The computed tomographic angiography (CTA) renal donor protocol is an established method of preoperative renal vascular pedicle evaluation in prospective renal donors. However, CTA is associated with significant radiation exposure and intravenous contrast administration. The newer noncontrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (NCE-MRA) techniques, especially arterial spin labeling (ASL) with steady-state free precession (SSFP) hold promise as an effective alternative. We prospectively compared CTA with NCE MRA for accuracy in the evaluation of renal arterial anatomy in prospective renal donors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 43 subjects underwent CTA followed by NCE MRA in a prospective comparative study. The number of renal arteries and early branching of renal arteries were noted in both kidneys in all subjects. Intermodality agreement was calculated using "K" (Kappa) statistics and 95% confidence interval for both modalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 63 single, 21 double, and 2 triple arteries were detected in 43 subjects on CTA. CTA showed an early branch in 17 kidneys. NCE MRAshowed 64 single arteries, 20 double arteries, and 2 triple arteries. A total of 14 kidneys showed an early branch. Unweighted Kappa statistic of agreement between CTA and NCE MRA for number of renal arteries and for frequency of early branching was 0.9707 and 0.8822, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The newer NCE MRA techniques such as ASL with SSFP among others are potential alternatives for CTA, in the evaluation of prospective renal donors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Calicut, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Abhijit Dnyandeo
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Calicut, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shailage
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Calicut, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Jeyaseelan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nadarajah
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Calicut, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harigovind
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Calicut, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: R Krishna
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Mohan