title: Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Atherosclerosis and Atherothrombosis.
abstract: Neutrophil extracellular traps expelled from suicidal neutrophils comprise a complex structure of nuclear chromatin and proteins of nuclear, granular, and cytosolic origin. These net-like structures have also been detected in atherosclerotic lesions and arterial thrombi in humans and mice. Functionally, neutrophil extracellular traps have been shown to induce activation of endothelial cells, antigen-presenting cells, and platelets, resulting in a proinflammatory immune response. Overall, this suggests that they are not only present in plaques and thrombi but also they may play a causative role in triggering atherosclerotic plaque formation and arterial thrombosis. This review will focus on current findings of the involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps in atherogenesis and atherothrombosis.
authors.affiliation: From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Department of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany (Y.D., O.S., C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (O.S., C.W.); Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (C.W.). ydoering@med.lmu.de chweber@med.lmu.de.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Döring
authors.affiliation: From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Department of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany (Y.D., O.S., C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (O.S., C.W.); Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (C.W.).
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Soehnlein
authors.affiliation: From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Department of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany (Y.D., O.S., C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (O.S., C.W.); Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (C.W.). ydoering@med.lmu.de chweber@med.lmu.de.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D065206:Extracellular Traps / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: atherosclerosis; coronary artery disease; extracellular trap; neutrophils; thrombosis