title: Discovery of genes coding for carbohydrate-active enzyme by metagenomic analysis of lignocellulosic biomasses.
abstract: In this study, a high-throughput sequencing approach was applied to discover novel biocatalysts for lignocellulose hydrolysis from three dedicated energy crops, Arundo donax, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Populus nigra, after natural biodegradation. The microbiomes of the three lignocellulosic biomasses were dominated by bacterial species (approximately 90%) with the highest representation by the Streptomyces genus both in the total microbial community composition and in the microbial diversity related to GH families of predicted ORFs. Moreover, the functional clustering of the predicted ORFs showed a prevalence of poorly characterized genes, suggesting these lignocellulosic biomasses are potential sources of as yet unknown genes. 1.2%, 0.6% and 3.4% of the total ORFs detected in A. donax, E. camaldulensis and P. nigra, respectively, were putative Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZymes). Interestingly, the glycoside hydrolases abundance in P. nigra (1.8%) was higher than that detected in the other biomasses investigated in this study. Moreover, a high percentage of (hemi)cellulases with different activities and accessory enzymes (mannanases, polygalacturonases and feruloyl esterases) was detected, confirming that the three analyzed samples were a reservoir of diversified biocatalysts required for an effective lignocellulose saccharification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4 80126 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Montella
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Portici (Napoli), Italy.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ventorino
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 7257, Aix-Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France.|INRA, USC 1408 AFMB, 13288 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lombard
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 7257, Aix-Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France.|INRA, USC 1408 AFMB, 13288 Marseille, France.|Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henrissat
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Portici (Napoli), Italy.
authors.forename: Olimpia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pepe
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4 80126 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenza
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Faraco
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D001711:Biotransformation; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D044602:Cellulases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism*; D054892:Metagenome; D056186:Metagenomics / Q000379:methods; D064307:Microbiota; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; C036909:lignocellulose; D008031:Lignin; D044602:Cellulases; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases