title: Eye Movement Evidence of Attentional Bias for Substance-Related Cues in Heroin Dependents on Methadone Maintenance Therapy.
abstract: Attentional biases toward substance-related stimuli might play a contributing role in addictive behaviors.
  
  
  
  This study investigated the selective attention to substance-related stimuli in heroin dependents receiving methadone maintenance therapy.
  
  
  
  Thirty outpatients receiving methadone maintenance treatment for heroin dependence and 38 healthy controls completed a visual probe task with concurrent eye movement monitoring.
  
  
  
  The results showed that the heroin group reacted faster to probes associated with substance-related pictures than neutral pictures, and they directed more initial fixations and maintained longer initial fixation durations toward substance-related pictures than neutral pictures. However, attentional bias was not correlated with addiction severity in the heroin group.
  
  
  
  These findings suggest that attentional bias towards substance-related cues occurs in heroin dependents, although this bias might not be associated with the severity of drug-using behavior.
authors.affiliation: a School of Criminal Justice , China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: b School of Sociology , China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: c School of Management , Zunyi Medical College , Guizhou , China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: d Methadone Clinic, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Honghuagang District , Guizhou , China.
authors.forename: Guangqun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a School of Criminal Justice , China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Yuqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: b School of Sociology , China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: b School of Sociology , China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: b School of Sociology , China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070379:Attentional Bias; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D053483:Eye Movement Measurements; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058850:Opiate Substitution Treatment
chemical_list: D008691:Methadone
keywords: Attentional bias; addiction severity; eye movement; heroin dependents; substance-related cues