title: How to Contain Artemisinin- and Multidrug-Resistant Falciparum Malaria.
abstract: In the Greater Mekong subregion (GMS), artemisinin resistance is increasingly compounded by partner drug resistance, causing high failure rates of artemisinin combination therapies in some areas. For its containment, an accelerated elimination strategy will be needed. This includes high-quality implementation of conventional malaria control measures: early case management with quality artemisinin combination therapies (avoiding artesunate monotherapies) and single gametocytocidal low dose of primaquine, vector control and surveillance. Village health workers (VHWs) play a key role in the provision of community-based services which have to reach even the most remote populations. Additional, more aggressive, approaches will be important to accelerate malaria elimination, which could include mass drug administrations, potentially in combination with ivermectin and vaccination, mass screening and treatment with novel diagnostics, reactive case detection, and other measures.
authors.affiliation: Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: arjen@tropmedres.ac.
authors.forename: Arjen M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dondorp
authors.affiliation: Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar.
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Smithuis
authors.affiliation: Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Charley
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Woodrow
authors.affiliation: Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Lorenz von
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Seidlein
mesh_terms: D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002160:Cambodia; D060740:Disease Eradication; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; C031327:artemisinin
keywords: Falciparum malaria; Greater Mekong subregion; artemisinin and multi-drug resistance; containment; malaria elimination