title: Engineered Hydrogen-Bonded Glycopolymer Capsules and Their Interactions with Antigen Presenting Cells.
abstract: Hollow glycopolymer microcapsules were fabricated by hydrogen-bonded layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, and their interactions with a set of antigen presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages (MACs), and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), were investigated. The glycopolymers were obtained by cascade postpolymerization modifications of poly(oligo(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline methacrylate)-stat-glycidyl methacrylate) involving the modification of the glycidyl groups with propargylamine and the subsequent attachment of mannose azide by copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). Multilayer assembly of the hydrogen-bonding pair (glycopolymer/poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA)) onto planar and particulate supports (SiO2particles, d = 1.16 μm) yielded stable glycopolymer films upon cross-linking by CuAAC. The silica (SiO2) particle templates were removed yielding hollow monodisperse capsules, as demonstrated by fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. Cellular uptake studies using flow cytometry revealed the preferential uptake of the capsules by DCs when compared to MACs or MDSCs. Mannosylated capsules showed a cytokine independent cis-upregulation of CD80 specifically on DCs and a trans-downregulation of PDL-1 on MDSCs. Thus, the glycopolymer capsules may have potential as vaccine carriers, as they are able to upregulate costimulatory molecules for immune cell stimulation on DCs and at the same time downregulate immune inhibitory receptors on suppressor APC such as MDSCs.
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.|ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.|Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0136-9403
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kempe
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Sue D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.|Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-899X
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Md Arifur
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rahim
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0103-1207
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Whittaker
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.|Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: David M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-0827
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Haddleton
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plebanski
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0197-497X
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.|Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells; D002214:Capsules; D006859:Hydrogen; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D006859:Hydrogen
keywords: CD80; MDSC; PDL-1; dendritic cells; layer-by-layer; macrophages; mannose; poly(2-oxazoline)