title: Value of three-section contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasonography in the detection of prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the efficacy of three-section contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasonography (CETRUS) in prostate cancer (PCa) detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 169 consecutive patients with either PSA level ≥ 4 ng/ml or abnormal digital rectal examination findings were prospectively enrolled in this single center study. All patients underwent baseline transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and three-section CETRUS by one investigator blinded to any clinical data before TRUS-guided transperineal biopsy. The performances of baseline TRUS, single-section, and three-section CETRUS for PCa detection were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On a per-patient basis, the sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy for detecting PCa with three-section CETRUS was 92.3%, 69.2%, and 78.1%, respectively. In comparison with conventional (single-section) CETRUS (sensitivity 75.4%, specificity 72.1%, and accuracy 73.4%), three-section CETRUS performed significantly better (p < 0.05, McNemar test). Additionally, the low-grade PCa detection rate for three-section CETRUS was significantly higher than that of conventional CETRUS (26.7% versus 10.2%, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated a significant benefit of three-section CETRUS relative to conventional CETRUS, and this technique may find more PCa patients eligible for active surveillance. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:304-309, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ting-Yue
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-3666
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hong-Guang
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Nian-Fen
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R China.
authors.forename: Yong-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xiang
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: biopsy; contrast-enhanced ultrasonography; prostate cancer; transrectal ultrasonography