title: Effects of impacted maxillary canines on root resorption of lateral incisors : A cone beam computed tomography study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyze the amount of root resorption of maxillary lateral incisors by relating the position, location, and angulation of the impacted canine using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study sample consisted of panoramic and CBCT radiographs of 46 patients with a unilateral impacted canine (16 males and 30 females; mean age: 19.53 ± 6.66 and 19.44 ± 5.77 years, respectively). Sector location and canine angulation were measured in panoramics. All tomographs were obtained using CBCT (NewTom 5G, QR, Verona, Italy) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the maxillary laterals assessed by Mimics 14.01 image analysis software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Upper lateral incisor volume was smaller on the impacted side (401.95 ± 83.69 mm3) than on the nonimpacted side (433.54 ± 92.6 mm3, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences of lateral root resorption volume when comparing the impacted canines being on the labial or palatal sides (P > 0.05), but impacted canine angulation was significantly steeper on the labial side (70.85°) than on the palatal side (46.09°, P < 0.05). The volume of root resorption of laterals when comparing the various positions of the canine in different sectors or canine angulation in 30ointervals was not statistically significantly different (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impacted canines caused root resorption of lateral incisors. The angulation of the canine was steeper on the labial side than on the palatal side but root resorption of adjacent laterals was not different. There were no statistically significant differences in the amount of root resorption of the laterals when the canine was evaluated according to localization and angulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Faruk I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Ucar
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Zirve, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Celebi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kırıkkale University, Kurtulus Mahallesi, 692. Sokak, No. 31, Merkez, 71100, Kirikkale, Turkey. dentistan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Enes
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Zirve, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Topcuoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet Ercan
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Sekerci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D003481:Cuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Cone beam computed tomography; Dentition; Impacted maxillary canines; Lateral root resorptions; Permanent; Tooth root