title: Development of conventional dendritic cells: from common bone marrow progenitors to multiple subsets in peripheral tissues.
abstract: Our understanding of conventional dendritic cell (cDC) development and the functional specializations of distinct subsets in the peripheral tissues has increased greatly in recent years. Here, we review cDC development from the distinct progenitors in the bone marrow through to the distinct cDC subsets found in barrier tissues, providing an overview of the different subsets described in each location. In addition, we detail the transcription factors and local signals that have been proposed to control this developmental process. Importantly, despite these significant advances, numerous questions remain to be answered regarding cDC development. For example, it remains unclear whether the different subsets described, such as the CD103+CD11b+and CD103-CD11b+cDCs in the intestines, truly represent different populations or rather distinct developmental or activation stages. Furthermore, whether distinct progenitors exist for these cDC subsets remains to be determined. Thus in the last part of this review we discuss what we believe will be the main questions facing the field for the coming years.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.|Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sichien
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.|Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.|Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Lambrecht
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.|Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guilliams
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.|Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D039001:Integrin alpha Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D039481:CD11b Antigen; D039001:Integrin alpha Chains; D014157:Transcription Factors; C091367:alpha E integrins