title: A critical review on factors influencing fermentative hydrogen production.
abstract: Biohydrogen production by dark fermentation of different waste materials is a promising approach to produce bio-energy in terms of renewable energy exploration. This communication has reviewed various influencing factors of dark fermentation process with detailed account of determinants in biohydrogen production. It has also focused on different factors such as improved bacterial strain, reactor design, metabolic engineering and two stage processes to enhance the bioenergy productivity from substrate. The study also suggest that complete utilization of substrates for biological hydrogen production requires the concentrated research and development for efficient functioning of microorganism with integrated application for energy production and bioremediation. Various studies have been taken into account here, to show the comparative efficiency of different substrates and operating conditions with inhibitory factors and pretreatment option for biohydrogen production. The study reveals that an extensive research is needed to observe field efficiency of process using low cost substrates and integration of dark and photo fermentation process. Integrated approach of fermentation process will surely compete with conventional hydrogen process and replace it completely in future.
authors.affiliation: Bioenergy and Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow (U.P.), India- 226025, kothariricha21@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Richa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kothari
authors.affiliation: Bioenergy and Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow (U.P.), India- 226025.
authors.forename: Virendra
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Bioenergy and Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow (U.P.), India- 226025.
authors.forename: Vinayak V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Pathak
authors.affiliation: Bioenergy and Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow (U.P.), India- 226025.
authors.forename: Shamshad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Centre for Renewable Energy and Water, Department of Chemical Engineering Vaal University of Technology, South Africa.
authors.forename: Ochieng
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aoyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu and Kashmir, India-182320.
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Tyagi
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism; D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources / Q000382:microbiology; D057005:Bioengineering; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D005285:Fermentation; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D052817:Phototrophic Processes; D059205:Renewable Energy
chemical_list: D006859:Hydrogen