title: Image findings of bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of jaws comparing with osteoradionecrosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate image characteristics of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) and compare these with osteoradionecrosis (ORN).
  
  
  METHODS
  34 patients with BRONJ and 16 patients with ORN were included in this study. We investigated the CT and dental panoramic radiograph (DPR) images for osteolysis, osteosclerosis, sequestration, periosteal reaction, pathological fracture and spread of soft tissue inflammation around the jaws.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Osteolysis, osteosclerosis, sequestration and spread of soft tissue inflammation around the jaws were common radiological features in both BRONJ and ORN. Osteolysis and spreading of soft tissue inflammation around the jaws were predominant in ORN, and by contrast osteosclerosis was predominant in BRONJ. Periosteal reaction was established in 15 of the 34 BRONJ cases, but none in the ORN cases. Pathological fractures were observed in 6 of 16 ORN cases, but none in BRONJ cases. CT was better for detection than DPR for osteolysis, osteosclerosis, sequestration and periosteal reactions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Image findings of BRONJ were characterized as a severe sclerotic change combined with osteolysis, sequestration, periosteal reaction and spread of soft tissue inflammation around the jaws.
authors.affiliation: 1 Omni Dentix, Dartmouth, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Obinata
authors.affiliation: 1 Omni Dentix, Dartmouth, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.affiliation: 1 Omni Dentix, Dartmouth, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: 2 Nakamura Dental Clinic, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoyasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Oral Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrozzo
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Dental Radiology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Macleod
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Dental Radiology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Oral Medicine, Center for Dental Clinics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Oral Surgery, Center for Dental Clinics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanchu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D059266:Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010025:Osteoradionecrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
keywords: CT; bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw; osteoradionecrosis; panoramic radiography