title: Identification of Antibody Against SNRPB, Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein-Associated Proteins B and B', as an Autoantibody Marker in Crohn's Disease using an Immunoproteomics Approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current non-invasive biomarkers for Crohn's disease are limited in their utility. Progress in identifying individual autoantigens and autoantibodies in Crohn's disease has been challenging due to limitations of available immunoassays.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to identify autoantibodies associated with Crohn's disease that may be useful in diagnosis and management using an innovative protein array technology, namely nucleic acid programmable protein arrays [NAPPA].
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples of 96 patients with established Crohn's disease and 96 healthy controls were included and evenly split into discovery and validation sets randomly. Autoantibodies of both IgG and IgA classes were profiled against ~1900 human proteins in the discovery set on NAPPA. Autoantibodies discovered to be Crohn's disease-specific were further validated in the independent validation set by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, reactivity of IgG autoantibodies was stronger than that of IgA autoantibodies; however, IgA autoantibodies showed greater differential reactivity between cases and controls. Four IgA autoantibodies against SNRPB, PRPH, PTTG1 and SNAI1 were newly identified with sensitivities above 15% at 95% specificity, among which anti-SNRPB-IgA had the highest sensitivity of 24.0%. Autoantibodies associated with specific disease subtypes were also found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As one of the first studies to use immunoproteomics for the identification of autoantibodies in Crohn's disease, our results support the utility of NAPPA in implementing future expanded studies with better coverage of the human proteome and microbial proteomes relevant to Crohn's disease and identifying antibody markers that may have clinical impact in diagnosis and management.
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Haoyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Demirkan
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Garrick
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wallstrom
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Kristi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Kailash
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karthikeyan
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Yanyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Shabana F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Pasha
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Leighton
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: LaBaer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064531:Peripherins / Q000276:immunology; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000379:methods; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D011897:Random Allocation; D064249:Securin / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult; D055517:snRNP Core Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C578994:PRPH protein, human; D064531:Peripherins; C000604407:SNAI1 protein, human; C526407:SNRPB protein, human; D064249:Securin; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; C578002:pituitary tumor-transforming protein 1, human; D055517:snRNP Core Proteins
keywords: Autoantibody; biomarker; immunoproteomics