title: Emerging insights into the biology of typhoid toxin.
abstract: Typhoid toxin is a unique A2B5exotoxin and an important virulence factor for Salmonella Typhi, the cause of typhoid fever. In the decade since its initial discovery, great strides have been made in deciphering the unusual biological program of this toxin, which is fundamentally different from related toxins in many ways. Purified typhoid toxin administered to laboratory animals causes many of the symptoms of typhoid fever, suggesting that typhoid toxin is a central factor in this disease. Further advances in understanding the biology of this toxin will help guide the development of badly needed diagnostics and therapeutic interventions that target this toxin to detect, prevent or treat typhoid fever.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, United States.
authors.forename: Casey C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, United States.
authors.forename: Shu-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, United States.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, United States.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Geiger
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, United States.
authors.forename: Gabrielle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stack
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, United States. Electronic address: jorge.galan@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Galán
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; D037521:Virulence Factors