title: Sox2-dependent inhibition of p21 is associated with poor prognosis of endometrial cancer.
abstract: Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is an essential factor involved in the self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells and has functions in cell survival and progression in many types of cancers. Here, we found that several endometrial cancer cell lines expressed SOX2, which was required for cell growth. Additionally, SOX2 overexpression regulated the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), and SOX2 specifically bound to p21 promoter DNA in endometrial cancer cell lines expressing SOX2. Expressions of SOX2 in endometrial cancer patients were significantly correlated with histological grade and poor prognosis. Moreover, low p21 together with high SOX2 expressions in advanced endometrial cancer patients were associated with the most unfavorable outcomes of patients. These results indicated that simultaneous measurement of SOX2 and p21 expression in endometrial cancer patients may be a useful biomarker for patient prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamawaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-4066
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekine
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Differentiation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Enomoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D034622:RNA Interference; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; C527782:SOX2 protein, human; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
keywords: Biomarker; cell cycle; endometrial cancer; p21; sex-determining region Y-box 2