title: Statin use and all-cause and cancer mortality: BioBank Japan cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Statins are the first-line agents used to treat patients with high serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, thus reducing the risk of death from arterial sclerotic cardiovascular disease; however, little is known about the effects of non-statin pharmacological interventions on mortality as well as about the potential protective effects of statin use against cancer death. This work aimed to compare all-cause and cancer mortality among patients with hyperlipidaemia who did and did not receive statin treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2003 and 2007 fiscal years, we recruited Japanese patients diagnosed with hyperlipidaemia from 66 hospitals. Patients in our cohort were followed up for a maximum of 12 years to observe the causes of death. Kaplan-Meier estimates from the baseline were used to compare the mortality of patients based on the administered medicine. All-cause mortality were compared among patients with/without administration of statins and other agents; any-organ and colorectal cancer mortality were compared between patients with/without administration of statins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our cohort included 41,930 patients with mean ages of 64-66 years and mean body mass indices of 24-25 kg/m2. Patients who received statin monotherapy and were treated with lifestyle modification exhibited nearly identical survival curves, whereas statin use represented a non-significant but potentially protective effect against colorectal cancer-related mortality. The lowest mortality in this cohort was associated with resin monotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mortality rate has been similar for patients treated with statin monotherapy and lifestyle modification. Statin monotherapy could potentially reduce any-organ- and colorectal cancer-related mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan. Electronic address: hyokomichi@yamanashi.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokomichi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Policy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genome Technology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamakoshi
authors.affiliation: Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamatani
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Policy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Zentaro
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yamagata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018070:Biological Specimen Banks; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
keywords: Anti-cholesterol agents; Colon cancer; Dyslipidaemia; Kaplan–Meier estimate; Statins