title: Maintenance fluid therapy in a tertiary hospital: A prevalence study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the types of maintenance fluids used in our hospital, comparing their volume and composition to the standards recommended by the guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational, cross-sectional study. Volume and type of fluid therapy administered during 24h to patients admitted to various hospital departments were recorded. Patients receiving fluid therapy because of water-electrolyte imbalance were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 198 patients registered, 74 (37.4%) were excluded because they did not meet the criteria for inclusion. Mean administered volume was 2,500cc/day. Mean daily glucose dose was 36g per 24h (SD: 31.4). The most frequent combination included normal saline solution (NSS) and glucose 5% (64.4%). Mean daily dose of sodium and chlorine was, respectively, 173mEq (SD: 74.8) and 168mEq (SD: 75), representing a surplus daily dose of +87.4mEq and +85mEq. Potassium, magnesium and calcium daily deficit was, respectively, -50mEq, -22mEq and -21mEq per day. Buffer administration was exceptional, bicarbonate (2.29%), acetate (1.29%), lactate (1.15%) and gluconate (1.10%) being the buffering agents most frequently used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NNS is the most frequently used solution. In contrast to excess doses of sodium and chlorine, there is a great deficit of other ions, buffering agents and caloric intake in the fluid therapy regimens that are usually prescribed.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España. Electronic address: runa.hulp@salud.madrid.org.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Uña Orejón
authors.affiliation: Sección de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gisbert de la Cuadra
authors.affiliation: Sección de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garríguez Pérez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Díez Sebastián
authors.affiliation: Sección de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ureta Tolsada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001825:Body Fluid Compartments; D002021:Buffers; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006748:Hospital Departments; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012996:Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D004573:Electrolytes; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D012996:Solutions; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Cristaloides; Crystalloids; Fluidoterapia; Hipercloremia; Hyperchloraemia; Intravenous fluids