title: Cell-Penetrating Peptides: From Basic Research to Clinics.
abstract: The presence of cell and tissue barriers together with the low biomembrane permeability of various therapeutics often hampers systemic drug distribution; thus, most of the available molecules are of limited therapeutic value. Opportunities to increase medicament concentrations in areas that are difficult to access now exist with the advent of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can transport into the cell a wide variety of biologically active conjugates (cargoes). Numerous preclinical evaluations with CPP-derived therapeutics have provided promising results in various disease models that, in some cases, prompted clinical trials. The outcome of these investigations has thus opened new perspectives for CPP application in the development of unprecedented human therapies that are well tolerated and directed to intracellular targets.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guidotti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brambilla
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy. Electronic address: daniela.rossi@icsmaugeri.it.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides / Q000145:classification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004705:Endocytosis; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: cell-penetrating peptides; clinical trials; internalization; therapy