title: A national survey of the use of pachymeters by optometrists in Scotland: experience, views and barriers to use.
abstract: Thin central corneal thickness (CCT) is a risk factor for glaucoma. In 2016 all optometry practices in Scotland were provided with pachymeters aiming to improve risk assessment and accuracy of referrals to secondary care. We examined optometrists' experience and views of pachymetry, including perceived barriers to pachymetry in primary care.
  
  
  
  A questionnaire was sent using the REDCap electronic data capture tool to all 1264 optometrists registered with NHS Education for Scotland (NES). The questionnaire evaluated year of qualification, previous pachymetry training, confidence performing and interpreting pachymetry, and perceived indications for and barriers to use.
  
  
  
  Respondents numbered 418 out of 1264 (33%) optometrists, of whom 56% had previous training in pachymetry. Those that had previous training were significantly more likely to report pachymetry to be useful, with median (inter-quartile range) usefulness score of 86 (71-98) where 0 indicated not at all useful, and 100 extremely useful, vs 76 (58-90), Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, z = -4.67, p < 0.01. There are no valid scales for adjusting intraocular pressure (IOP) using CCT, however 45% of respondents reported using a scale. Optometrists planned to use pachymetry when assessing patients with ocular hypertension or suspected glaucoma. The greatest perceived barrier was the process of decontaminating or cleaning the pachymeter between patients, followed by lack of time and lack of training.
  
  
  
  Although the majority of optometrists were interested in performing pachymetry, many lacked confidence in performing and interpreting the results. Forty-one percent of those who reported training in pachymetry still used non-validated scales to convert IOP measurements illustrating the need for further training.
authors.affiliation: Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goudie
authors.affiliation: Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Savva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pronin
authors.affiliation: National Health Service (NHS) Education for Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Court
authors.affiliation: National Health Service (NHS) Education for Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pooley
authors.affiliation: Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tatham
mesh_terms: D003315:Cornea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D063171:Corneal Pachymetry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000072162:Optometrists / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012606:Scotland; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: central corneal thickness; glaucoma; ocular hypertension; optometrist; pachymetry; screening