title: Ordered titanium templates functionalized by gold films for biosensing applications - Towards non-enzymatic glucose detection.
abstract: Recently, metal nanostructures evoke much interest due to application potential in highly sensitive detectors in biochemistry and medical diagnostics. In this work we report on preparation and characteristics of thin (1-100nm) Au films deposited onto highly ordered structured titanium templates for SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy) and electrochemical sensing. The Ti templates are formed by selective removal of TiO2nanotubes out of as-anodized titanium substrate. The surface of the obtained material reproduce precisely the bottom layer of the nanotubes and consists of a uniformly distributed dimples with diameter of ~100nm. For all structures covered with Au films the measured average SERS signal is markedly higher than the one observed for bare Ti templates. This is due to strong electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the film grains. Moreover, such nanostructured gold surface exhibits also attractive electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties, which should be attributed to enhancement of the electron transfer at the Au-Ti interface formed without any linker molecules. It is shown that prepared material can be used as an enzyme-free sensor for glucose detection in air-saturated neutral media especially in case of low sugar concentrations present in human body liquids, such as saliva, sweat and interstitial fluid.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland. Electronic address: kgrochowska@imp.gda.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grochowska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szkoda
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karczewski
authors.affiliation: Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Śliwiński
authors.affiliation: Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Siuzdak
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D006046:Gold; D014025:Titanium; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Au nanoparticles; Electrochemical activity; Glucose sensing; Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy; Ti dimpled templates