title: Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series.
abstract: In sports-related muscle injuries, the main goal of the sports medicine physician is to return the athlete to competition-balanced against the need to prevent the injury from worsening or recurring. Prognosis based on the available clinical and imaging information is crucial. Imaging is crucial to confirm and assess the extent of sports-related muscle injuries and may help to guide management, which directly affects the prognosis. This is especially important when the diagnosis or grade of injury is unclear, when recovery is taking longer than expected, and when interventional or surgical management may be necessary. Several imaging techniques are widely available, with ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging currently the most frequently applied in sports medicine. This state of the art review will discuss the main imaging modalities for the assessment of sports-related muscle injuries, including advanced imaging techniques, with the focus on the clinical relevance of imaging features of muscle injuries.©RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
authors.affiliation: From the Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 (A.G., F.W.R., M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R.); Musculoskeletal Centre X-Ray Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, England (P.R.); Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, England (P.R.); Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar (J.L.T.); The Sports Physician Group, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Amsterdam Center of Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (R.R.R.); and Department of Radiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, University Paris VI, Paris, France (M.D.C.).
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guermazi
authors.affiliation: From the Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 (A.G., F.W.R., M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R.); Musculoskeletal Centre X-Ray Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, England (P.R.); Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, England (P.R.); Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar (J.L.T.); The Sports Physician Group, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Amsterdam Center of Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (R.R.R.); and Department of Radiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, University Paris VI, Paris, France (M.D.C.).
authors.forename: Frank W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Roemer
authors.affiliation: From the Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 (A.G., F.W.R., M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R.); Musculoskeletal Centre X-Ray Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, England (P.R.); Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, England (P.R.); Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar (J.L.T.); The Sports Physician Group, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Amsterdam Center of Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (R.R.R.); and Department of Radiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, University Paris VI, Paris, France (M.D.C.).
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: From the Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 (A.G., F.W.R., M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R.); Musculoskeletal Centre X-Ray Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, England (P.R.); Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, England (P.R.); Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar (J.L.T.); The Sports Physician Group, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Amsterdam Center of Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (R.R.R.); and Department of Radiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, University Paris VI, Paris, France (M.D.C.).
authors.forename: Johannes L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tol
authors.affiliation: From the Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 (A.G., F.W.R., M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R.); Musculoskeletal Centre X-Ray Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, England (P.R.); Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, England (P.R.); Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar (J.L.T.); The Sports Physician Group, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Amsterdam Center of Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (R.R.R.); and Department of Radiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, University Paris VI, Paris, France (M.D.C.).
authors.forename: Ravindar R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Regatte
authors.affiliation: From the Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 (A.G., F.W.R., M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R.); Musculoskeletal Centre X-Ray Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, England (P.R.); Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, England (P.R.); Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar (J.L.T.); The Sports Physician Group, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Amsterdam Center of Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (R.R.R.); and Department of Radiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, University Paris VI, Paris, France (M.D.C.).
authors.forename: Michel D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Crema
mesh_terms: D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries*; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography