title: [Risk factors related with ventilator-associated pneumonia in a neonatal intensive care therapy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) represents the second cause of nosocomial infections and it is associated with greater morbility, duration of mechanical ventilation (MV), and hospital stay. The objective was to determine factors related with VAP in neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analytical transversal study including newborns admitted already intubated with at least 48 hours of MV or who were intubated in Neonatal Therapy. VAP was defined according to the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: "those patients submitted to MV during at least 48 hours". We used inferential statistics for statistical analysis (chi squared, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kaplan-Meier estimator).
  
  
  RESULTS
  82 neonates were studied, out of which 27 developed VAP (33%). The median time to develop pneumonia was 6 days (range 5-11). The most commonly isolated germ was Escherichia coli (27%). Statistically significant variables were gestational age (p = 0.05), and the use of antacids at admission (p = 0.007). Patients with pneumonia had longer hospital stay (p = 0.001) and time with MV (p = 0.002). Of all the patients, 22 neonates died (27%), of which nine patients had VAP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk factors for VAP in neonates include lower gestational age, the use of antacids, and prolonged MV.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neonatología, Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. jcbarrer@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Juan Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Romo-Gamboa
authors.forename: Bertha Alicia
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Pérez
authors.forename: Ana Bertha
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-López
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Torres-González
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barrera-de León
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D053717:Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Nosocomial infections; Ventilator-associated pneumonia