title: Effect of two desensitizing agents on dentin permeability in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of two desensitizing agents and water on hydraulic conductance in human dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  GLUMA Desensitizer PowerGel (GLU) contains glutaraldehyde (GA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and Teethmate Desensitizer (TD) is a powder comprising tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) that is mixed with water. Deionized water was used as a negative control (CTR). Thirty discs with a thickness of 1.2 mm were cut from the coronal dentin of the third molars and cleaned with 0.5 M EDTA (pH 7.4). After being mounted in a split-chamber device, the discs were pressurized with water at 1 kPa and 3 kPa in order to measure flow rates with a highly sensitive micro-flow sensor and to calculate hydraulic conductance as a baseline value (BL). Following the application of GLU, TD, and CTR (n=10), hydraulic conductance was remeasured with intermittent storage in water after 15 min, 1 d, 1 w, and 1 m. Reduction in permeability (PR%) was calculated from hydraulic conductance. Data were statistically analyzed using nonparametric methods (α<0.05). Representative discs were inspected by SEM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PR% for GLU and TD were 30-50% 15 min and 1 m after their application. Post hoc tests indicated that PR% of CTR was significantly greater than those of GLU and TD at all time points tested. The PR% of GLU and TD were not significantly different. SEM examinations showed noncollapsed collagen meshes at the tubular entrances after GLU, and crystalline precipitates occluding the tubular orifices after TD, whereas CTR specimens showed typical patterns of etched dentin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study on hydraulic conductance in dentin discs treated with two chemically different desensitizing agents and water as a control demonstrated that both products may be characterized as effective.
authors.affiliation: Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Biology, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishihata
authors.affiliation: Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanehira
authors.affiliation: Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Werner J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Finger
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Clinical Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.affiliation: Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects*; D057133:Dentin Desensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003806:Dentin Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011897:Random Allocation; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D057133:Dentin Desensitizing Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; C111486:gluma desensitizer; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; D014867:Water; D004492:Edetic Acid; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous; D005976:Glutaral