title: Myriocin treatment affects lipid metabolism in skeletal muscles of rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to assess the effect(s) of de novo ceramide synthesis inhibition on lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle tissue of type 1 diabetic rats. The latter seems to be of vital importance, since previous works have shown its positive influence on lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis in the case of its counterpart - type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: C - control, M - myriocin (ceramide de novo synthesis inhibitor), D - diabetes (induced by streptozotocin injections); D+M - diabetes+myriocin. We have evaluated intracellular concentration of key sphingolipid species, via chromatography (GC and HPLC), and the activity of their most important enzymes, using radiometric approach. The aforementioned assessments were evaluated in respect to the three different types of muscle tissue representing different spectra of muscle metabolism (soleus - oxidative, red gastrocnemious - oxidative-glycolytic, white gastrocnemious - glycolytic).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interestingly, our therapeutic intervention not only lowered the level of ceramide, its precursors (sphinganine) and derivatives (sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate), but also reduced other lipid species (triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols and free fatty acids) content, thus improving glucose homeostasis in type 1 diabetic animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the light of the results ensuing from this study, it seems conceivable that the reduction of intramuscular ceramide production and accumulation could bestow an insulin-sensitizing effect. If so, then SPT inhibition could find potential future applications as a therapeutic intervention aimed to mitigate the effects of insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland. Electronic address: krzysztof.kurek@umb.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurek
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garbowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Dominika M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ziembicka
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Bartłomiej
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Łukaszuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rogowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chabowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Górski
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Żendzian-Piotrowska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002518:Ceramides / Q000378:metabolism*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051102:Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D002518:Ceramides; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D051102:Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase; C001996:thermozymocidin
keywords: Ceramide; Myriocin; Skeletal muscles; Sphingolipids; Type 1 diabetes