title: Understanding the cellular basis and pathophysiology of Peyronie's disease to optimize treatment for erectile dysfunction.
abstract: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition that significantly impacts a man's physical and psychological well-being. ED is often associated with Peyronie's disease (PD), which is an abnormal curvature of the penis. Delayed treatment of or surgical invention for PD often results in ED and therefore unsatisfied patients. The pathophysiology of PD is incompletely understood, but has been studied extensively and based on our current understanding of PD physiology, many medical treatment options have been proposed. In this paper, we will review what is known about the pathophysiology of PD and the medical treatment options that have been trialed as a result. More investigations in regards to the basic science of PD need to be carried out in order to elucidate the exact mechanisms of the fibrosis, and propose new, more successful treatment options which should be implemented prior to the onset of ED.
authors.affiliation: London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph's Health Care, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph's Health Care, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Raidh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alzubaidi
keywords: Peyronie’s disease (PD); cytokines; erectile dysfunction (ED); fibrosis; medical management