title: GABAergic System in Action: Connection to Gastrointestinal Stress-related Disorders.
abstract: Currently, treatment of stress-related gastrointestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is mainly symptomatic since there is no drug on the market that solves effectively diverse disease symptoms and comorbid states. Recently GABA receptors have been identified within gastrointestinal system and it has been recognized that among various GABAergic drugs some of them influence gastrointestinal stress-related diseases. Among them benzodiazepines have been investigated due to their diverse effects: neuroimmunomodulatory, relief of visceral pain and anxiolytic action.
  
  
  
  The present review brings findings on the expression of GABA receptors in the gastrointestinal tract and the role of GABA within it. We also present knowledge on the role of neurotransmitter GABA and various GABAergic ligands on diverse physiologic gastrointestinal functions with special emphasize to stress-related disorders. The rationale for therapeutic use and further identification of a potential GABAergic treatment of stress-related disorders has been critically discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb. Croatia.
authors.forename: Maja Jazvinscak
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jembrek
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo. Italy.
authors.forename: Michelangelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Auteri
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Laboratorio di Fisiologia generale, Universita di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo. Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Serio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Advanced Genomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb. Croatia.
authors.forename: Josipa
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vlainic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000378:metabolism; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018079:Receptors, GABA; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
keywords: GABAergic system; Stress; benzodiazepines; gastrointestinal system; stress-related disorders; therapy