title: Forced Treadmill Exercise Prevents Spatial Memory Deficits in Aged Rats Probably Through the Activation of Na+, K+-ATPase in the Hippocampus.
abstract: Regular physical activity has shown to improve the quality of life and to prevent age-related memory deficits. Memory processing requires proper regulation of several enzymes such as sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+, K+-ATPase) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which have a pivotal role in neuronal transmission. The present study investigated the effects of a treadmill running protocol in young (3 months), mature (6 months) and aged (22 months) Wistar rats, on: (a) cognitive function, as assessed in the Water maze spatial tasks; (b) Na+, K+-ATPase and AChE activities in the hippocampus following cognitive training alone or treadmill running combined with cognitive training. Animals of all ages were assigned to naïve (with no behavioral or exercise training), sedentary (non-exercised, with cognitive training) and exercised (20 min of daily running sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks and with cognitive training) groups. Cognition was assessed by reference and working memory tasks run in the Morris Water maze; 24 h after last session of behavioral testing, hippocampi were collected for biochemical analysis. Results demonstrated that: (a) a moderate treadmill running exercise prevented spatial learning and memory deficits in aged rats; (b) training in the Water maze increased both Na+, K+-ATPase and AChE activities in the hippocampus of mature and aged rats; (c) aged exercised rats displayed an even further increase of Na+, K+-ATPase activity in the hippocampus, (d) enzyme activity correlated with memory performance in aged rats. It is suggested that exercise prevents spatial memory deficits in aged rats probably through the activation of Na+, K+-ATPase in the hippocampus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil. cvanzella@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cláudia
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7323-4604
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vanzella
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Farias
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Sanches
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation Program of Physiology, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe Kawa
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Odorcyk
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation Program of Neuroscience, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabrício
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nicola
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaína
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kolling
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Longoni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tiago Marcon
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angela Terezinha de Souza
authors.initials: ATS
authors.lastname: Wyse
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Alexandre
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Netto
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase
keywords: AChE; Aged rats; Cognitive training; Hippocampus; Na+, K+-ATPase; Treadmill running