title: The association of socioeconomic status of family and living region with self-rated health and life satisfaction in children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-IV study.
abstract: Background:Socioeconomic status (SES) is a major determinant of health inequality in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of SES of family and living region with self-rated health (SRH) and life satisfaction (LS) among children and adolescents.Methods:This study was a part of the fourth survey of a national surveillance program, which was conducted in 30 provinces of Iran in 2011-2012. LS and SRH were assessed by a questionnaire based on the World Health Organization-Global School-based student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS). Family SES was estimated using principal component analysis (PCA) and based on family assets, parental education and occupation, and type of school. Region SES was calculated using PCA and some variables including literacy rate, family assets and employment rate.Results:Out of 14,880 invited students, 13,486 (participation rate: 90.6%) completed the survey; of whom, 49.2% were girls, and 75.6% were from urban areas with the mean ± SD age of 12.47±3.36 years. In the multivariate model, SES of family and living region was associated with LS and good SRH. In the full models, in addition to all potential confounders, family and living region SES were included simultaneously. However, only the association of family SES with LS, and good SRH remained statistically significant.Conclusion:The effect of families' SES on SRH and LS is more important than regional SES. The presented patterns of SRH and LS may be useful in developing better health policies and conducting complementary studies in this field.
authors.affiliation: D, Specialist in Community Medicine, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. mirmoghtadaee@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mirmoghtadaee
authors.affiliation: PhD, Associate Professor, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. rheshmat@tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heshmat
authors.affiliation: PhD, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran & Development of Research & Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. shdjalalinia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shirin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Djalalinia
authors.affiliation: MD, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. nmgorji@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Nazgol
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Motamed-Gorji
authors.affiliation: MD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. mohammad-motlagh1389@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad Esmaeil
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Motlagh
authors.affiliation: MD, Pediatrician, Department of School Health, Bureau of Population, Family and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. ardalan_gelayol@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Gelayol
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ardalan
authors.affiliation: PhD, Assistant Professor, Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. saeidsafiri@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Safiri
authors.affiliation: MSc, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ahadi.ze@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ahadi
authors.affiliation: PhD, Candidate, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. gshafiee.endocrine@gmail.com , m.khoramdad@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Gita
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shafiee
authors.affiliation: MSc, Instructor, Department of Medical Emergency, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. asayeshpsy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asayesh
authors.affiliation: PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran & Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mqorbani1379@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qorbani
authors.affiliation: MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. yaghini@med.mui.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yaghini
authors.affiliation: MD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. kelishadi@med.mui.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
keywords: Adolescents; Children; General Health; Life Satisfaction; Socioeconomic Status