title: Purification of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Essential Oil Using Macroporous Resin Followed by Microemulsion Encapsulation to Improve Its Safety and Antiviral Activity.
abstract: Essential oil extracted fromHouttuynia cordataThunb. (H. cordata) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine due to its excellent biological activities. However, impurities and deficient preparations of the essential oil limit its safety and effectiveness. Herein, we proposed a strategy to prepareH. cordataessential oil (HEO) safely and effectively by combining the solvent extraction and the macroporous resin purification flexibly, and then encapsulating it using microemulsion. The extraction and purification process were optimized by orthogonal experimental design and adsorption-desorption tests, respectively. The average houttuynin content in pure HEO was then validated at 44.3% ± 2.01%, which presented a great potential for industrial application. Subsequently, pure HEO-loaded microemulsion was prepared by high-pressure homogenization and was then fully characterized. Results showed that the pure HEO-loaded microemulsion was successfully prepared with an average particle size of 179.1 nm and a high encapsulation rate of 94.7%. Furthermore, safety evaluation tests and in vitro antiviral testing indicated that the safety and activity of HEO were significantly improved after purification using D101 resin and were further improved by microemulsion encapsulation. These results demonstrated that the purification of HEO by macroporous resin followed by microemulsion encapsulation would be a promising approach for industrial application of HEO for the antiviral therapies.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China. pangjianmei@imm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jianmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China. dwujun@imm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Wujun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China. yuhuanlibj@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuhuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China. xjxia@imm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China. liuzhihua0207@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China. haohuazhen@imm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Huazhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Wehand-Bio Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Beijing 102600, China. jianglm4312@163.com.
authors.forename: Lingmin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China. ylliu@imm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yuling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004655:Emulsions; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D052859:Houttuynia / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012116:Resins, Plant; D012997:Solvents; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004655:Emulsions; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012116:Resins, Plant; D012997:Solvents
keywords: Houttuynia cordata Thunb.; antiviral activity; essential oil; microemulsion; purification; safety evaluation