title: The β4GalT1 affects the fibroblast-like synoviocytes invasion in rheumatoid arthritis by modifying N-linked glycosylation of CXCR3.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The level of β-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 (β4GalT1) is up-regulated in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. It is reported that CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) can enhance the invasiveness of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aims to investigate the specific mechanism of β4GalT1 and relationship between β4GalT1 and CXCR3 in RA.
  
  
  METHODS
  The model of CIA mice was established to explore the role of β4GalT1. The N-glycosylation of CXCR3 was detected by mass spectrometry and western-blot. The interaction between β4GalT1 and CXCR3 was tested by immunoprecipitation. The truncted MMP-1 was detected by ELISA. Flow cytometry analysis was applied to measure ligand-receptor interaction between CXCR3 and CXCL10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  β4GalT1 can promote the inflammatory process of arthritis. CXCR3 was N-glycosylated and its glycosylation regulated by β4GalT1. β4GalT1 can enhance the invasiveness of FLS by modifying CXCR3. N-glycosylation of CXCR3 influences the ligand-receptor interaction between CXCR3 and CXCL10.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  β4GalT1 can regulate N-glycans of CXCR3 in RA. N-glycans of CXCR3 affects CXCL10/CXCR3 ligand-binding which enhancing FLS invasion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xinhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yunli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: wyh20151224@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Youhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005700:Galactosyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000070918:Synoviocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C515188:Cxcr3 protein, mouse; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D005700:Galactosyltransferases; C119701:beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I
keywords: CXCR3; Collagen-induced arthritis mice; Fibroblast-like synoviocytes; N-linked glycosylation; Rheumatoid arthritis; β4GalT1