title: Relationship between renal function and periodontal disease in community-dwelling elderly women with different genotypes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the association between periodontal disease and renal function in elderly women with different genotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 332 postmenopausal never-smoking women were analysed. Poor renal function was defined as serum cystatin C > 0.91 mg/l. Periodontal disease markers such as periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) were evaluated. Selected variables, including PISA quartile, body mass index (BMI), HbA1C and age in Arg allele carriers and non-carriers based on the beta-3 adrenergic receptor, or between Ala allele carriers and non-carriers based on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, were analysed using multiple logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The odds ratios of serum cystatin C level and PISA (fourth quartile) were significantly positive for both Arg (2.52; p = 0.035) and Ala allele non-carriers (2.36; p = 0.021). A significant association was also found between serum cystatin C level and BMI for both Arg (1.18; p = 0.001) and Ala allele non-carriers (1.12; p = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that periodontal inflammation might be associated with renal function. Furthermore, in both the Arg and Ala allele non-carriers, the associations between BMI and PISA for renal function became stronger.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health and Welfare, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-8228
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Oral Health Development, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Yanming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshie
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000409:Alanine / Q000235:genetics; D000483:Alleles; D001120:Arginine / Q000235:genetics; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D017698:Postmenopause; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D000409:Alanine; D001120:Arginine; D055316:Cystatin C; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D047495:PPAR gamma; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; C568534:ADRB3 protein, human
keywords: beta-3 adrenergic receptor; epidemiology; gene-gene interaction; periodontal disease; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma