title: Elevated prevalence of Helicobacter species and virulence factors in opisthorchiasis and associated hepatobiliary disease.
abstract: Recent reports suggest that Opisthorchis viverrini serves as a reservoir of Helicobacter and implicate Helicobacter in pathogenesis of opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Here, 553 age-sex matched cases and controls, 293 and 260 positive and negative for liver fluke O. viverrini eggs, of residents in Northeastern Thailand were investigated for associations among infection with liver fluke, Helicobacter and hepatobiliary fibrosis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was higher in O. viverrini-infected than uninfected participants. H. pylori bacterial load correlated positively with intensity of O. viverrini infection, and participants with opisthorchiasis exhibited higher frequency of virulent cagA-positive H. pylori than those free of fluke infection. Genotyping of cagA from feces of both infected and uninfected participants revealed that the AB genotype accounted for 78% and Western type 22%. Participants infected with O. viverrini exhibited higher prevalence of typical Western type (EPIYA ABC) and variant AB'C type (EPIYT B) CagA. Multivariate analyses among H. pylori virulence genes and severity of hepatobiliary disease revealed positive correlations between biliary periductal fibrosis during opisthorchiasis and CagA and CagA with CagA multimerization (CM) sequence-positive H. pylori. These findings support the hypothesis that H. pylori contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic opisthorchiasis and specifically to opisthorchiasis-associated CCA.
authors.affiliation: Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.|Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Raksawan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deenonpoe
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Eimorn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mairiang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pisaln
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mairiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chawalit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pairojkul
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Yaovalux
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chamgramol
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Tropical Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine &Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health &Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loukas
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Tropical Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine &Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Brindley
authors.affiliation: Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.|Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Banchob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sripa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D060085:Coinfection / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D016998:Helicobacter / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009889:Opisthorchiasis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori