title: The alpha-herpesviridae in dermatology : Herpes simplex virus types I and II.
abstract: This review on herpes simplex virus type I and type II (HSV‑I, HSV‑II) summarizes recent developments in clinical manifestations and treatment interventions for primary and recurrent orolabial and genital herpes, as well as those regarding vaccination issues. Among the clinical presentations, the relationship between pyogenic granuloma and chronic HSV‑I infection; HSV-related folliculitis; verrucous HSV‑I and HSV‑II lesions; the role of recurrent HSV‑I infection in burning mouth syndrome; HSV‑I and HSV‑II infection of the periareolar area; zosteriform HSV; the "knife-cut sign"; and the preferential colonization and infection of preexisting dermatoses by HSV‑I or HSV‑II are discussed. The usual antiviral treatment regimens for primary and recurrent orolabial and genital herpes are compared to short-term and one-day treatment options. New anti-HSV‑I and anti-HSV‑II agents include amenavir, pritelivir, brincidofovir, valomaciclovir, and FV-100. Therapeutic or preventive vaccination against HSV‑I and HSV‑II infections still remains a highly desirable treatment aim, which, unfortunately, has no clinically relevant applications to date.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, CHU of Sart Tilman, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: El Hayderi
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rübben
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, CHU of Sart Tilman, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium. af.nikkels@chu.ulg.ac.be.
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Nikkels
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002054:Burning Mouth Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D006560:Herpes Labialis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D013283:Stomatitis, Herpetic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D014611:Vaccination; D014774:Virulence; D031368:Zoster Sine Herpete / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000212:Acyclovir
keywords: Genital herpes; Orolabial herpes; Skin; Treatment; Vaccination