title: Recent advances in genetic modification systems for Actinobacteria.
abstract: Actinobacteria are extremely important to human health, agriculture, and forests. Because of the vast differences of the characteristics of Actinobacteria, a lot of genetic tools have been developed for efficiently manipulating the genetics. Although there are a lot of successful examples of engineering Actinobacteria, they are still more difficult to be genetically manipulated than other model microorganisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis etc. due to the diverse genomics and biochemical machinery. Here, we review the methods to introduce heterologous DNA into Actinobacteria and the available genetic modification tools. The trends and problems existing in engineering Actinobacteria are also covered.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China. dengyu@jiangnan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China. xzhang6@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems; D003227:Conjugation, Genetic; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D018274:Electroporation; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D023281:Genomics; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D045522:Recombinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D014169:Transformation, Bacterial
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D045522:Recombinases; D004247:DNA
keywords: Actinobacteria; CRISPR/Cas9; Genetic modifications; Site-specific recombination; Transformation