title: Case Report: A Rare Cause of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection in a Woman with Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urinary tract infection is a common disease in the general population. However, in patients with frequent urinary tract infection, it is important to determine any treatable cause to avoid recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome or OHVIRA syndrome is a very rare congenital anomaly with uterus didelphys, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The earliest presentation of this syndrome is hematocolpos that develops during menstruation and results in dysmenorrhea and a pelvic mass shortly after menarche. Herein, we report a patient with Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome manifested with unusual symptoms, delayed onset and without surgery. The unique point of this patient is the partial obstruction of cervico-vaginal junction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early diagnosis and timely treatment of OHVIRA syndrome can prevent long-term complications, such as recurrent urinary tract infection and infertility. A high index of suspicion is required, even though OHVIRA syndrome is extremely rare and may have an atypical presentation.
authors.affiliation: MD, Department of Family Medicine, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jun-Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: MD, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shang-Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Tsai
keywords: HWWS; OHVIRA Syndrome; Urinary Tract Infection