title: Twist2 Is Upregulated in Early Stages of Repair Following Acute Kidney Injury.
abstract: The aging kidney is a marked by a number of structural and functional changes, including an increased susceptibility to acute kidney injury (AKI). Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that aging male Fischer 344 rats (24 month) are more susceptible to apoptosis-mediated injury than young counterparts. In the current studies, we examined the initial injury and early recovery phases of mercuric chloride-induced AKI. Interestingly, the aging kidney had decreased serum creatinine compared to young controls 1 day following mercuric chloride injury, but by day 4, serum creatinine was significantly elevated, suggesting that the aging kidney did not recover from injury. This conclusion is supported by the findings that serum creatinine and kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) gene expression remain elevated compared to young controls at 10 days post-injury. To begin to elucidate mechanism(s) underlying dysrepair in the aging kidney, we examined the expression of Twist2, a helix-loop-helix transcription factor that may mediate renal fibrosis. Interestingly,Twist2gene expression was elevated following injury in both young and aged rats, and Twist2 protein expression is elevated by mercuric chloride in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. grunze@health.missouri.edu.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Grunz-Borgmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. nicholsla@health.missouri.edu.
authors.forename: LaNita A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. wangxinhui89@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xinhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. parrishar@health.missouri.edu.
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Parrish
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D000071417:Twist-Related Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D000071417:Twist-Related Protein 2; C110936:Havcr1 protein, rat
keywords: Kim-1; Twist2; acute kidney injury; aging; dysrepair; mercuric chloride