title: Photoperiod regulate gonad development via kisspeptin/kissr in hypothalamus and saccus vasculosus of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).
abstract: Atlantic salmon exhibit seasonal reproduction. However, the mechanisms governing this are still unclear. Generally speaking, kisspeptin has been recognized as a regulator of reproduction. Here, we report a relationship between kisspeptin, GnRH and photoperiod in Atlantic salmon. The results demonstrated that the expression of the Atlantic salmon kisspeptin-receptor (skissr) was not always consistent with the expression pattern of Atlantic salmon GnRH3 (sGnRH3) during all developmental processes. Kisspeptin may exert its influence primarily in the early and later stages of gonad development by promoting the secretion of sGnRH3. Meanwhile, the expression levels of kissr were higher in fish with gonads at stage II and stage V under the long-day photoperiod regime than under the short-day regime. In addition, both skissr and sGnRH3 were also expressed in the saccus vasculosus (SV), an organ only found in fish. The SV might be a seasonal sensor regulating reproduction in addition to the hypothalamus (Hyp).
authors.affiliation: Center of Biotechnology R&D, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Center of Biotechnology R&D, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China.|National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mari culture, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center of Biotechnology R&D, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center of Biotechnology R&D, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China.|National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mari culture, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006066:Gonads / Q000254:growth & development*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D017440:Photoperiod; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide; C448022:gonadotropin-releasing hormone-III; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid