title: Ability of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residents in Diagnosing Jaw Cysts: A Retrospective 20 Years Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diagnosis of odontogenic cysts despite of their benign nature is a critical and challenging problem especially among undergraduate and postgraduate students.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the capability of oral and maxillofacial surgery residents in diagnosing odontogenic cysts.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was executed on 312 patient records over the past 20 years since October 1995 till December 2014 in Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran. All recorded data was based on 2005 World Health Organization (WHO) classifications. The differential diagnosis was made by 65 residents based on clinical and paraclinical evaluations established in the charts. Differential diagnoses made by the residents were compared to the histopathological examination as the gold standard for identifying the nature of the cysts. Weighted kappa test was used to show the degree of agreement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data extracted from 312 records were analyzed. The mean age of examined patients was 27.6 years. The accuracy of diagnosis among the residents was moderate (kw=0.5). The diagnosis made by the residents was significantly related to the radiographic view of the cysts (p<0.05). The residents were able to identify odontogenic keratocysts and dentigerous cysts in most cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are several factors associated with the occurrence of pathologic odontogenic cysts which could help either the clinician or the pathologist in diagnosing the odontogenic cysts of the jaws. The surgeons should consider these related factors before the final diagnosis and choosing the appropriate treatment plan.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mohajerani
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esmaeelinejad
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mofidian
keywords: Odontogenic keratocyst; Pathology; Surgeons