title: Noninvasive Evaluation of CBF and Perfusion Delay of Moyamoya Disease Using Arterial Spin-Labeling MRI with Multiple Postlabeling Delays: Comparison with15O-Gas PET and DSC-MRI.
abstract: Arterial spin-labeling MR imaging with multiple postlabeling delays has a potential to evaluate various hemodynamic parameters. To clarify whether arterial spin-labeling MR imaging can identify CBF and perfusion delay in patients with Moyamoya disease, we compared arterial spin-labeling, DSC, and15O-gas PET in terms of their ability to identify these parameters.
  
  
  
  Eighteen patients with Moyamoya disease (5 men, 13 women; ages, 21-55 years) were retrospectively analyzed. CBF values of pulsed continuous arterial spin-labeling using 2 postlabeling delays (short arterial spin-labeling, 1525 ms; delayed arterial spin-labeling, 2525 ms) were compared with CBF values measured by15O-gas PET. All plots were divided into 2 groups by the cutoff of time-based parameters (the time of the maximum observed concentration, TTP, MTT, delay of MTT to cerebellum, and disease severity [symptomatic or not]). The ratio of 2 arterial spin-labeling CBFs (delayed arterial spin-labeling CBF to short arterial spin-labeling CBF) was compared with time-based parameters: time of the maximum observed concentration, TTP, and MTT.
  
  
  
  The short arterial spin-labeling-CBF values were significantly correlated with the PET-CBF values (r= 0.63;P= .01). However, the short arterial spin-labeling-CBF value dropped in the regions with severe perfusion delay. The delayed arterial spin-labeling CBF overestimated PET-CBF regardless of the degree of perfusion delay. Delayed arterial spin-labeling CBF/short arterial spin-labeling CBF was well correlated with the time of the maximum observed concentration, TTP, and MTT (ρ = 0.71, 0.64, and 0.47, respectively).
  
  
  
  Arterial spin-labeling using 2 postlabeling delays may detect PET-measured true CBF and perfusion delay in patients with Moyamoya disease. Provided its theoretic basis and limitations are considered, noninvasive arterial spin-labeling could be a useful alternative for evaluating the hemodynamics of Moyamoya disease.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., Y.U., S.H., M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1097-2738
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., Y.U., S.H., M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan tanaka.nsrg@tmd.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Y
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2433-924X
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., Y.U., S.H., M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7961-8329
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., Y.U., S.H., M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0805-0232
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., Y.U., S.H., M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.|Research Team for Neuroimaging (M.I., K. Ishiwata, K. Ishii, T.N.), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6759-5729
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inaji
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Neuroimaging (M.I., K. Ishiwata, K. Ishii, T.N.), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5773-7992
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Neuroimaging (M.I., K. Ishiwata, K. Ishii, T.N.), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2928-0072
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., Y.U., S.H., M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6804-4665
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., Y.U., S.H., M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.|Research Team for Neuroimaging (M.I., K. Ishiwata, K. Ishii, T.N.), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8819-4855
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nariai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels