title: Propranolol treatment of infantile hemangioma is not associated with psychological problems at 7 years of age.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concern has been raised about the potential long-term effects of propranolol treatment for infantile hemangioma (IH).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to assess psychologic (social, emotional, behavioral, and executive) functioning in children treated with propranolol for IH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven patients with IH (6.1-7.6 years of age) treated with propranolol for ≥6 months during infancy, and without other developmental risk factors, were recruited. Parents completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Social Emotional Questionnaire, Child Behavior Checklist, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. For each questionnaire, the number of patients with abnormal scores, based on established cutoff points, was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 1 child (3.7%) scored outside the normal range. The Hemangioma Severity Scale did not correlate with psychologic problems in these patients. Longer treatment duration was found to correlate with less attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) characteristics (ρ = -0.476; P = .012) and better executive functioning (ρ = -0.466; P = .014).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exclusion of children born at gestational age <36 weeks or small for gestational age, no reference group and relatively small study size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no increased risk for psychologic problems at age 7 in IH patients treated with propranolol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, and the Radboudumc Expertise-Centre for Hemangioma, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Vascular Anomalies (Hecovan), Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Andre.Moyakine@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: Andre Vadimovich
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Moyakine
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Centre, and the Radboudumc Expertise-Centre for Hemangioma, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Vascular Anomalies (Hecovan), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spillekom-van Koulil
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, and the Radboudumc Expertise-Centre for Hemangioma, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Vascular Anomalies (Hecovan), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Catharina Joanna Maria
authors.initials: CJM
authors.lastname: van der Vleuten
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011433:Propranolol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D011433:Propranolol
keywords: adverse effects; central nervous system; development; infantile hemangioma; infants; propranolol; psychologic functioning; treatment