title: Effect of Fibre Supplementation on Body Weight and  Composition, Frequency of Eating and Dietary  Choice in Overweight Individuals.
abstract: Fibre supplementation can potentially reduce energy intake and contribute to weight loss. The mechanism may be reduced frequency of eating, resulting in reduced food consumption. The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of fibre supplementation with PolyGlycopleX® (PGX®), on body weight and composition, frequency of eating and dietary intake in 118 overweight adults. In a three-arm, parallel, blind, randomised controlled trial participants were randomised to one of three groups; 4.5 g PGX as softgels (PGXS), 5 g PGX granules (PGXG) or 5 g rice flour (RF) control. Prior to supplementation and at 12 weeks, participants captured before and after images of all food and beverages consumed within 4 days using a mobile food record app (mFR). The mFR images were analysed for food group serving sizes and number of eating occasions. In the PGXG group, per-protocol analysis [corrected]  analysis showed there was a significant reduction in waist circumference (2.5 cm; p = 0.003). Subgroup analysis showed that PGXG supplementation at the recommended dose resulted in a reduction in body weight (-1.4 ± 0.10 kg, p < 0.01), body mass index (BMI) reduction (-0.5 ± 0.10, p < 0.01), reduced number of eating occasions (-1.4 ± 1.2, p < 0.01) and a reduced intake of grain food (-1.52 ± 1.84 serves, p = 0.019). PGXG at the recommended dose resulted in a reduction in weight and BMI which was significantly greater than that for RF (p = 0.001). These results demonstrate the potential benefits of PGX fibre in controlling frequency of eating and in weight loss.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia. v.solah@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Vicky A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Solah
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia.
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia. simonwood@shaw.ca.|InovoBiologic Inc., Calgary, AB Y2N4Y7, Canada. simonwood@shaw.ca.|Food, Nutrition and Health Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada. simonwood@shaw.ca.
authors.forename: Wendy J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia. s.johnson@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Stuart K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. cjboushey@cc.hawaii.edu.
authors.forename: Carol J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Boushey
authors.affiliation: Video and Image Processing Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. ace@ecn.purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Delp
authors.affiliation: Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, Australia. rosie.meng@flinders.edu.au.
authors.forename: Xingqiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Factors Group R & D, Burnaby, BC V3N4S9, Canada. rgahler@naturalfactors.com.
authors.forename: Roland J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gahler
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia. T.P.James@curtin.edu.au.|Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia. T.P.James@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia. Aqif.Mukhtar@curtin.edu.au.|Centre for Population Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia. Aqif.Mukhtar@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Aqif S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mukhtar
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA 6845, Australia. h.fenton@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Haelee K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Fenton
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000464:Alginates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy*; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055105:Waist Circumference; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004338:Drug Combinations; C540519:PolyGlycoplex; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial
keywords: fibre;  PolyGlycopleX® (PGX);  eating;  frequency;  waist circumference;  weight