title: RBC motion and the basis of ultrasound Doppler instrumentation.
abstract: Ultrasonography has become one of the most popular techniques for noninvasive body assessment. The advent of sophisticated Doppler imaging has added an "information about blood flow" dimension. However, searching for complex details, despite enhanced system design and capabilities, place an increased demand on the operator. Examination technique and equipment settings are potential sources of error and therefore to obtain and interpret Doppler indices well it is essential to understand the physics of the Doppler principle and the dynamics of blood flow.
authors.affiliation: Northern Beaches Health Service Manly New South Wales 2095 Australia.
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uppal
authors.affiliation: Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown New South Wales 2050 Australia.
authors.forename: Ritu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mogra