title: Morphological changes in the temporomandibular joint after orthodontic treatment for Angle Class II malocclusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the morphological temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes that occur after orthodontic treatment in patients with Angle Class II malocclusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The post-treatment changes in TMJ morphology were analyzed, based on TMJ cephalometric laminographs in 19 patients with Angle Class II malocclusion and labial inclination of the upper incisors after premolar extraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The condylar pass angle, articular eminence to the Frankfort horizontal plane angle, and total, upper, and lower heights of the articular fossa increased significantly on both sides after treatment and retention. The anteroposterior width of the articular fossa decreased significantly on both sides after treatment and retention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that adaptive bone remodeling of the TMJ occurs during the correction of occlusion with labial inclination of the upper incisors by orthodontic treatment after premolar extraction in patients with Angle Class II malocclusion.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Matsumoto Dental University , Shiojiri , Japan.
authors.forename: Daigo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Matsumoto Dental University , Shiojiri , Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2285-1706
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Matsumoto Dental University , Shiojiri , Japan.
authors.forename: Ayane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Matsumoto Dental University , Shiojiri , Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-1690
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kageyama
authors.affiliation: b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry , Matsumoto Dental University , Shiojiri , Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-1487
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taguchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D002508:Cephalometry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Angle Class II; Temporomandibular joint; bone remodeling; orthodontics; tomography