title: AKT Axis, miR-21, and RECK Play Pivotal Roles in Dihydroartemisinin Killing Malignant Glioma Cells.
abstract: Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin, is known to play important roles in inhibiting proliferation rate, inducing apoptosis, as well as hindering the metastasis and invasion of glioma cells, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear so far. In this study, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), colony-forming, wound healing, invasion, and apoptosis assays were performed to investigate the effect of DHA on malignant glioma cells. Results showed that DHA induced apoptosis of malignant glioma cells through Protein Kinase B (AKT) axis, induced death of malignant glioma cells by downregulating miR-21, and inhibited the invasion of malignant glioma cells corresponding with up-regulation of the reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK). These results revealed that AKT axis, miR-21, and RECK play pivotal roles in DHA killing malignant glioma cells, suggesting that DHA is a potential agent for treating glioma.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. yingying_shao1226@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. CSU_ZTL@163.com.|Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. CSU_ZTL@163.com.
authors.forename: Tao-Lan
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. lxwu2008@126.com.
authors.forename: Lan-Xiang
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. zouhecun@outlook.com.
authors.forename: He-Cun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. m15200923235@163.com.|Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. m15200923235@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. huangjin879288@163.com.|Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. huangjin879288@163.com.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. hhzhou2003@163.com.
authors.forename: Hong-Hao
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D037621:Artemisinins; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C524940:MIRN21 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; C115460:RECK protein, human; C039060:artenimol; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: RECK; apoptosis; dihydroartemisinin (DHA); glioma; invasion; metastasis; miR-21