title: Use of autogenous bone and beta-tricalcium phosphate in maxillary sinus lifting: histomorphometric study and immunohistochemical assessment of RUNX2 and VEGF.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the use of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) (chronOS) with autogenous bone grafts alone in maxillary sinus elevation surgery. The test samples were β-TCP alone, β-TCP mixed with autogenous bone grafts (1:1), and autogenous bone grafts alone. Twelve maxillary sinuses were grafted with β-TCP (group 1), nine with β-TCP+autogenous bone graft (group 2), and 12 with autogenous bone graft (group 3). After 6 months, biopsies were obtained concurrent to the placement of dental implants; these were subjected to histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemical analysis for runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The average bone formation in group 1 was 46.3±11.6% in the pristine bone region, 47.6±9.9% in the intermediate region, and 44.8±22.1% in the apical region; in group 2, values were 35.0±15.8%, 32.5±13.7%, and 32.8±16.0%, respectively; in group 3, values were 43.1±16.0%, 31.0±13.0%, and 46.1±16.3%, respectively. Immunostaining of samples in group 2 showed high cellular activity and immature bone; this differed from groups 1 and 3, in which mature bone was demonstrated. Thus, this study showed that β-TCP presents the same behaviour as autogenous bone graft, which makes it a good bone substitute.
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: dr.pereira@live.com.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Gorla
authors.affiliation: Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F B J D
authors.initials: FBJD
authors.lastname: Boos
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Garcia Júnior
authors.affiliation: Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hochuli-Vieira
mesh_terms: D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate
keywords: bone graft; immunohistochemistry; maxillary sinus