title: Involvement of fatty acid synthase in dengue virus infection.
abstract: The mosquito transmitted Dengue virus (DENV) remains a significant public health problem in many tropical and subtropical countries. Increasing evidence has suggested that during the infection process cellular lipids play important roles at several stages of the replication cycle. This study sought to characterize the changes in lipid metabolism gene expression and investigated the role of one enzyme, fatty acid synthase, in DENV infection.
  
  
  
  Transcriptional profiles of genes associated with lipid metabolism were evaluated by real-time PCR after infection of different cell lines (HepG2 and HEK293T/17) and with different DENVs (laboratory adapted and low passage). Expression profiles of genes were evaluated by western blotting. A critical lipid metabolism protein, fatty acid synthase was down-regulated through siRNA and inhibited with orlistat and the effect on DENV infection determined by flow cytometry, plaque assay, western blotting and confocal microscopy.
  
  
  
  The results showed alterations of gene transcription and expression were seen in genes variously associated with lipogenesis, lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation during DENV infection. Interference of fatty acid synthase with either siRNA or orlistat had marked effects on virus production, with orlistat having an EC50value of 10.07 μM at 24 h post infection. However, non-structural protein expression was largely unaffected.
  
  
  
  While drug treatment reduced virus titer by up to 3Log10, no significant effect on DENV non-structural protein expression was observed, suggesting that fatty acid synthase acts through an effect on virion formation.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Natthida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tongluan
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Suwipa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramphan
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Phitchayapak
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wintachai
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
authors.forename: Janthima
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaresitthikunchai
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sarawut
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khongwichit
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nitwara
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wikan
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Supoth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajakam
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.|Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sutee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoksan
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nuttaporn
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wongsiriroj
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sittiruk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roytrakul
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 25/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand. duncan_r_smith@hotmail.com.|Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, 73170, Thailand. duncan_r_smith@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Duncan R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D000077403:Orlistat; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019562:Viral Load; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007783:Lactones; D000077403:Orlistat; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases
keywords: Dengue; Fatty acid synthase; Lipid; Orlistat; non-structural protein 3