title: The effect ofCitrus Aurantifolia(Lemon) peels on cardiometabolic risk factors and markers of endothelial function in adolescents with excess weight: A triple-masked randomized controlled trial.
abstract: Background:Childhood obesity is becoming a global problem and its incidence is increasing. The role of dietary intervention with fruits containing vitamin C and flavonoid to control obesity consequences in childhood has not been yet defined. Lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) peels contain flavonoid, pectin and vitamin C. We aimed to compare the effects of lemon peels and placebo on cardiometabolic risk factors and markers of endothelial function among adolescents with overweight and obesity.Methods:In this triple-masked, randomized controlled trial, 60 overweight/obese adolescents were enrolled in a 4-week trial. Eligible participants were randomly assigned into two groups of equal number receiving daily oral capsules containing lemon powder or placebo. Fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure were compared between the two groups before and after administration of medication and placebo.Results:Of the total 60 enrolled patients, 30 and 29 patients in the lemon and control groups completed the study, respectively. The results of within-group analysis demonstrated a slight reduction in body mass index, LDL-C and systolic blood pressure in the lemon group, but no between group differences existed in the studied variables.Conclusion:This study revealed that consumption of lemon peel extract has some beneficial effects for childhood obesity; however, no considerable effect was documented on anthropometric measures and biochemical factors. Future studies with longer follow up are highly recommended.
authors.affiliation: MD, Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology, Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. hashemipour@med.mui.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mahin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemipour
authors.affiliation: MD, Resident of Pediatrics, Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. maryamkargar9@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kargar
authors.affiliation: PhD, Professor of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, ghannadi@pharm.mui.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghannadi
authors.affiliation: MD, Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. kelishadi@med.mui.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
keywords: Adolescents; Citrus Fuit; Overweight; Trial