title: Topologically Entangled Rashba-Split Shockley States on the Surface of Grey Arsenic.
abstract: We discover a pair of spin-polarized surface bands on the (111) face of grey arsenic by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). In the occupied side, the pair resembles typical nearly-free-electron Shockley states observed on noble-metal surfaces. However, pump-probe ARPES reveals that the spin-polarized pair traverses the bulk band gap and that the crossing of the pair at Γ[over ¯] is topologically unavoidable. First-principles calculations well reproduce the bands and their nontrivial topology; the calculations also support that the surface states are of Shockley type because they arise from a band inversion caused by crystal field. The results provide compelling evidence that topological Shockley states are realized on As(111).
authors.affiliation: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.|Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: J-Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: L-X
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Q-N
authors.initials: QN
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: B-Q
authors.initials: BQ
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yaji
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: G-F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: H-M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang 110016, China.
authors.forename: X-Q
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shin