title: Identification of Genes inSaccharomyces cerevisiaethat Are Haploinsufficient for Overcoming Amino Acid Starvation.
abstract: The yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeresponds to amino acid deprivation by activating a pathway conserved in eukaryotes to overcome the starvation stress. We have screened the entire yeast heterozygous deletion collection to identify strains haploinsufficient for growth in the presence of sulfometuron methyl, which causes starvation for isoleucine and valine. We have discovered that cells devoid ofMET15are sensitive to sulfometuron methyl, and loss of heterozygosity at theMET15locus can complicate screening the heterozygous deletion collection. We identified 138 cases of loss of heterozygosity in this screen. After eliminating the issues of theMET15loss of heterozygosity, strains isolated from the collection were retested on sulfometuron methyl. To determine the general effect of the mutations for a starvation response, SMM-sensitive strains were tested for the ability to grow in the presence of canavanine, which induces arginine starvation, and strains that wereMET15were also tested for growth in the presence of ethionine, which causes methionine starvation. Many of the genes identified in our study were not previously identified as starvation-responsive genes, including a number of essential genes that are not easily screened in a systematic way. The genes identified span a broad range of biological functions, including many involved in some level of gene expression. Several unnamed proteins have also been identified, giving a clue as to possible functions of the encoded proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona 85308.
authors.forename: Nancy S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4295.
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Seberg
authors.affiliation: Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia 31207.
authors.forename: Leslie P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona 85308 mswans1@midwestern.edu.|Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia 31207.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Swanson
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism; D001681:Biological Assay; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D056426:Genetic Loci; D005820:Genetic Testing; D057895:Haploinsufficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
keywords: GCN4; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; amino acid starvation; general amino acid control; sulfometuron methyl