title: Multiple high-risk HPV genotypes are grouped by type and are associated with viral load and risk factors.
abstract: Investigating whether high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types tend to become grouped in a particular way and whether factors are associated with such grouping is important for measuring the real impact of vaccination. In total, 219 women proving positive for HPV as detected by real-time PCR were included in the study. Each sample was analysed for detecting and quantifying six viral types and the hydroxymethylbilane synthase gene. Multiple correspondence analysis led to determining grouping patterns for six HR-HPV types and simultaneous association with multiple variables and whether viral load was related to the coexistence of other viral types. Two grouping profiles were identified: the first included HPV-16 and HPV-45 and the second profile was represented by HPV-31, HPV-33 and HPV-58. Variables such as origin, contraceptive method, births and pregnancies, educational level, healthcare affiliation regime, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and viral load were associated with these grouping profiles. Different socio-demographic characteristics were found when coinfection occurred by phylogenetically related HPV types and when coinfection was due to non-related types. Biological characteristics, the number of viral copies, temporality regarding acquiring infection and competition between viral types could influence the configuration of grouping patterns. Characteristics related to women and HPV, influence such interactions between coexisting HPV types reflecting the importance of their evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Immunology Department,Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC),Bogotá D.C.,Colombia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Del Río-Ospina
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Immunology Department,Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC),Bogotá D.C.,Colombia.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Soto-DE León
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Immunology Department,Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC),Bogotá D.C.,Colombia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Immunology Department,Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC),Bogotá D.C.,Colombia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Immunology Department,Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC),Bogotá D.C.,Colombia.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Moreno-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Mathematics Department,Universidad Pública de Navarra,Pamplona,Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pérez-Prados
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Immunology Department,Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC),Bogotá D.C.,Colombia.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Patarroyo
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Immunology Department,Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC),Bogotá D.C.,Colombia.
authors.forename: M A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4751-2500
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Patarroyo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000235:genetics*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Grouping; high-risk human papillomavirus; multiple infection; risk factors; viral DNA load