title: Forensic Identification of Bipartite Patella Misdiagnosed as Patella Fracture.
abstract: Bipartite patella is recognized as a developmental anomaly of ossification. Most of them are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally. Bipartite patella is sometimes misdiagnosed as a patella fracture, because the x-ray images of both these conditions may appear very similar. In this case, the patient complained of left knee pain after x-ray films revealed a fracture-like line in the left patella. The patient was then diagnosed as having a patella fracture. In China, the injury degree is categorized as serious injury, minor injury, and trivial injury. As the injury degree of patellar fracture is identified as minor injury, the defendant who injured the patient will be sentenced to prison for ≤3 years. However, the defendant objected to this judgment and applied for the second evaluation of injury degree. On the basis of the site of injury, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, we diagnosed the patient with bipartite patella which belongs to normal anatomic variant. Therefore, the injury degree of the patient was not minor injury.
authors.affiliation: College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
authors.forename: Jingyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
authors.forename: Chongya
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
authors.forename: Shanzhi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010329:Patella / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: bipartite patella; forensic identification; forensic medicine; forensic science; misdiagnosed; patella fracture