title: Clinical outcomes of sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas based on tumor etiology.
abstract: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the sinonasal cavity is a rare entity that arises as either de-novo tumors or from inverted papillomas (IPs). In this study we evaluate and compare oncologic outcomes of sinonasal SCCs based on their etiology and treatment strategy.
  
  
  
  This investigation was a single-center, retrospective review comparing de-novo SCCs (n = 28) and those associated with IPs (n = 38) resected during the period from 2000 to 2015. Demographic and tumor data, surgical approach, recurrence, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.
  
  
  
  There was no statistical difference when comparing age, smoking history, tumor origin, or tumor stage of our patients with de-novo sinonasal SCC (DN-SCC) vs IP-transformed SCC (IP-SCC). IP-SCC tumors demonstrated better overall survival (p = 0.065) and disease-specific survival (p = 0.041) compared with DN-SCC. Early T-stage IP-SCC tumors had better disease-free survival compared with early T-stage DN-SCC tumors (p = 0.002). Distant metastasis was an independent prognostic factor of worse disease-specific survival (p = 0.002). SCC disease-specific survival was not affected by surgical resection technique.
  
  
  
  SCC tumors arising from IPs appear to have improved disease-specific survival compared with de-novo sinonasal SCC tumors. The oncologic differences between the 2 groups are found primarily among the early-stage tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Carol H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Jason G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: James N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Nithin D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Adappa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Schneiderian; endoscopic; inverted papilloma; recurrence; sinonasal; tumor