title: Deriving a Set of Privacy Specific Heuristics for the Assessment of PHRs (Personal Health Records).
abstract: With the emergence of personal health record (PHR) platforms becoming more widely available, this research focused on the development of privacy heuristics to assess PHRs regarding privacy. Existing sets of heuristics are typically not application specific and do not address patient-centric privacy as a main concern prior to undergoing PHR procurement. A set of privacy specific heuristics were developed based on a scoping review of the literature. An internet-based commercially available, vendor specific PHR application was evaluated using the derived set of privacy specific heuristics. The proposed set of privacy specific derived heuristics is explored in detail in relation to ISO 29100. The assessment of the internet-based commercially available, vendor specific PHR application indicated numerous violations. These violations were noted within the study. It is argued that the new derived privacy heuristics should be used in addition to Nielsen's well-established set of heuristics. Privacy specific heuristics could be used to assess PHR portal system-level privacy mechanisms in the procurement process of a PHR application and may prove to be a beneficial form of assessment to prevent the selection of a PHR platform with a poor privacy specific interface design.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
authors.forename: Riccardo F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Furano
authors.affiliation: School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kushniruk
authors.affiliation: School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barnett
mesh_terms: D003219:Confidentiality; D057286:Electronic Health Records / Q000941:ethics*; D055991:Health Records, Personal / Q000941:ethics*; D000066506:Heuristics; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D018907:Privacy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
keywords: Privacy; health information systems; heuristic evaluation; personal health records; usability inspection methods