title: Dietary Patterns of European Children and Their  Parents in Association with Family Food  Environment: Results from the I.Family Study.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether an association exists between children's  and  parental  dietary  patterns  (DP),  and  whether  the  number  of  shared  meals  or  soft  drink  availability  during  meals  strengthens  this  association.  In  2013/2014  the  I.Family  study  cross-sectionally assessed the dietary intakes of families from eight European countries using 24-h  dietary recalls. Usual energy and food intakes from six- to 16-year-old children and their parents  were estimated based on the NCI Method. A total of 1662 child-mother and 789 child-father dyads  were included; DP were derived using cluster analysis. We investigated the association between  children's and parental DP and whether the number of shared meals or soft drink availability  moderated this association using mixed effects logistic regression models. Three DP comparable in  children and parents were obtained: Sweet &amp; Fat, Refined Cereals, and Animal Products. Children  were more likely to be allocated to the Sweet &amp; Fat DP when their fathers were allocated to the  Sweet &amp; Fat DP and when they shared at least one meal per day (OR 3.18; 95% CI 1.84; 5.47). Being  allocated to the Sweet &amp; Fat DP increased when the mother or the father was allocated to the Sweet  &amp; Fat DP and when soft drinks were available (OR 2.78; 95% CI 1.80; 4.28 or OR 4.26; 95% CI 2.16;  8.41, respectively). Availability of soft drinks and negative parental role modeling are important  predictors of children's dietary patterns.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany. helen.bogl@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hebestreit
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany. helen.bogl@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Timm
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Intemann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy. asiani@isa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siani
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. stefaan.dehenauw@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Stefaan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Henauw
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. gabriele.eiben@medfak.gu.se.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eiben
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Institute of Child Health, 2035 Strovolos, Cyprus. kourides@cytanet.com.cy.
authors.forename: Yiannis A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Kourides
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany. eva.kovacs@med.uni.|German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany. eva.kovacs@med.uni.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kovacs
authors.affiliation: GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain. lmoreno@unizar.es.
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, 11619 Tallinn, Estonia. toomas.veidebaum@tai.ee.
authors.forename: Toomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Veidebaum
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy. helen.bogl@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krogh
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy. helen.bogl@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pala
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany. asiani@isa.cnr.it.|Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. asiani@isa.cnr.it.|Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland. asiani@isa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Leonie H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Bogl
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. monica.hunsberger@gu.se.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hunsberger
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany. helen.bogl@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Börnhorst
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany. helen.bogl@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pigeot
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D002648:Child; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D000072001:Diet, Healthy; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004522:Educational Status; D005060:Europe; D005220:Fathers; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers; D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners
keywords: food consumption;   childhood obesity;  cluster analysis;  family resemblance;  shared meals;  soft drink