title: IBD immunopathogenesis: A comprehensive review of inflammatory molecules.
abstract: Inflammatory molecules play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, both of which are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Abnormal expressions of pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules have been described to cause an imbalance to the gut innate and adaptive immunity, and recently a large portion of research in IBD has been geared towards identifying novel molecules that may be used as potential therapeutic targets. Understanding of these inflammatory molecules has suggested that although ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease share many common clinical symptoms and signs, they are in fact two separate clinical entities characterized by different immunopathogenesis. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the roles of numerous inflammatory molecules including but not limited to cytokines, chemokines, inflammasomes, microRNAs and neuropeptides and their expression status in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in relation to their effects on the overall intestinal inflammatory process.
authors.affiliation: Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hyon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Inserm U954 and Department of Gastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, Université de Lorraine, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peyrin-Biroulet
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Luton & Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Lewsey Road, Luton, LU40DZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eisenhut
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: shinji@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Jae Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D058847:Inflammasomes