title: Streptomyces aridus sp. nov., isolated from a high altitude Atacama Desert soil and emended description of Streptomyces noboritoensis Isono et al. 1957.
abstract: A polyphasic study was undertaken to determine the taxonomic status of a Streptomyces strain which had been isolated from a high altitude Atacama Desert soil and shown to have bioactive properties. The strain, isolate H9T, was found to have chemotaxonomic, cultural and morphological properties that place it in the genus Streptomyces. 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed that the isolate forms a distinct branch at the periphery of a well-delineated subclade in the Streptomyces 16S rRNA gene tree together with the type strains of Streptomyces crystallinus, Streptomyces melanogenes and Streptomyces noboritoensis. Multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on five house-keeping gene alleles showed that isolate H9Tis closely related to the latter two type strains and to Streptomyces polyantibioticus NRRL B-24448T. The isolate was distinguished readily from the type strains of S. melanogenes, S. noboritoensis and S. polyantibioticus using a combination of phenotypic properties. Consequently, the isolate is considered to represent a new species of Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces aridus sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is H9T(=NCIMB 14965T=NRRL B65268T). In addition, the MLSA and phenotypic data show that the S. melanogenes and S. noboritoensis type strains belong to a single species, it is proposed that S. melanogenes be recognised as a heterotypic synonym of S. noboritoensis for which an emended description is given.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, Newcastle University, Ridley Building 2, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
authors.forename: Hamidah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Idris
authors.affiliation: National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Labeda
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, Newcastle University, Ridley Building 2, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
authors.forename: Imen
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nouioui
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, Newcastle University, Ridley Building 2, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.|Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), University of Chile, Beauchef 851, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Jean Franco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, Newcastle University, Ridley Building 2, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Carmen Montero-Calasanz
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, UK.
authors.forename: Alan T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Bull
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), University of Chile, Beauchef 851, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Asenjo
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, Newcastle University, Ridley Building 2, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK. m.goodfellow@ncl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goodfellow
mesh_terms: D000531:Altitude; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003889:Desert Climate; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Aridus; Atacama Desert; Polyphasic taxonomy; Streptomyces