title: Host cell attachment elicits posttranscriptional regulation in infecting enteropathogenic bacteria.
abstract: The mechanisms by which pathogens sense the host and respond by remodeling gene expression are poorly understood. EnteropathogenicEscherichia coli(EPEC), the cause of severe intestinal infection, employs a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject effector proteins into intestinal epithelial cells. These effectors subvert host cell processes to promote bacterial colonization. We show that the T3SS also functions to sense the host cell and to trigger in response posttranscriptional remodeling of gene expression in the bacteria. We further show that upon effector injection, the effector-bound chaperone (CesT), which remains in the EPEC cytoplasm, antagonizes the posttranscriptional regulator CsrA. The CesT-CsrA interaction provokes reprogramming of expression of virulence and metabolic genes. This regulation is likely required for the pathogen's adaptation to life on the epithelium surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel.
authors.forename: Naama
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2324-9525
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katsowich
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel.
authors.forename: Netanel
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5493-5598
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Elbaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel.
authors.forename: Ritesh Ranjan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7513-6792
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel.
authors.forename: Erez
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel.
authors.forename: Simi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobi
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel.
authors.forename: Tamar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kahan
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel. ilanr@ekmd.huji.ac.il.
authors.forename: Ilan
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7396-3586
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rosenshine
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D054308:Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006367:HeLa Cells; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D000069296:Type III Secretion Systems / Q000378:metabolism*; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; C122044:CesT protein, E coli; C093587:CsrA protein, E coli; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C488216:NleA protein, E coli; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000069296:Type III Secretion Systems; D037521:Virulence Factors