title: Interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in selenium deficient cardiomyocytes in chicken.
abstract: Dietary selenium (Se) deficiency can cause heart dysfunction, however the exact mechanism remains unclear. To understand this mechanism, 180day-old chicks, divided into two groups, C (control group) and L (low Se group), were fed with either a Se-sufficient (0.23mg/kg) or Se-deficient (0.033mg/kg) diets for 25days, respectively. Heart tissues and blood samples were collected. In L group, the activities of serum creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-myoglobin (CK-MB) increased and typical ultrastructural apoptotic features were observed. Se deficiency up-regulated the mRNA levels of Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (Caspase-3), Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 8 (Caspase-8), Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 9 (Caspase-9), B cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 Associated X Protein (Bax), (P<0.05), whereas, the mRNA levels of Microtubuleassociated protein light chains 3-1 (LC3-1), Autophagy associated gene 5 (ATG-5), Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Dynein and Becline-1 were down-regulated (P<0.05). Noticeably, Microtubuleassociated protein light chains 3-2 (LC3-2) mRNA level increased (P<0.05) by 20%. Western blot results showed that Se deficiency decreased the expression of Becline-1 and LC3-1 protein, however, the expression of Bax, Caspase-3 and Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 12 (Caspase-12) increased at protein levels. The present study revealed that Se deficiency induced apoptosis while inhibited autophagy in chicken cardiomyocytes through Bax/Bcl-2 inhibition and caspases-mediated cleavage of Becline-1. Moreover, correlation analysis illustrates that apoptosis and autophagy might function contradictorily. Altogether we conclude that Se deficient chicken cardiomyocytes experienced apoptosis rather than autophagy which is considered to be more pro-survival.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Sattar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingzeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Rizhao City Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Juxian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Rihong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
authors.forename: Shiwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. Electronic address: zhangziwei@neau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ziwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001343:Autophagy; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D012643:Selenium / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D030161:Avian Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D012643:Selenium
keywords: Apoptosis; Autophagy; Chickens; Heart; Selenium deficiency