title: Supplement of autologous ooplasm into porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos does not alter embryo development.
abstract: Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is considered as the technique in which a somatic cell is introduced into an enucleated oocyte to make a cloned animal. However, it is unavoidable to lose a small amount of the ooplasm during enucleation step during SCNT procedure. The present study was aimed to uncover whether the supplement of autologous ooplasm could ameliorate the oocyte competence so as to improve low efficiency of embryo development in porcine SCNT. Autologous ooplasm-transferred (AOT) embryos were generated by the supplementation with autologous ooplasm into SCNT embryos. They were comparatively evaluated with respect to embryo developmental potential, the number of apoptotic body formation and gene expression including embryonic lineage differentiation, apoptosis, epigenetics and mitochondrial activity in comparison with parthenogenetic, in vitro-fertilized (IVF) and SCNT embryos. Although AOT embryos showed perfect fusion of autologous donor ooplasm with recipient SCNT embryos, the supplement of autologous ooplasm could not ameliorate embryo developmental potential in regard to the rate of blastocyst formation, total cell number and the number of apoptotic body. Furthermore, overall gene expression of AOT embryos was presented with no significant alterations in comparison with that of SCNT embryos. Taken together, the results of AOT demonstrated inability to make relevant values improved from the level of SCNT embryos to their IVF counterparts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.|College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: W-J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: R-H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: S-J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: S-C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: J-S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: S-L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: W-A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.|Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: G-J
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-0017
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Rho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology; D047108:Embryonic Development; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000662:veterinary; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques / Q000662:veterinary*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D010312:Parthenogenesis; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics
keywords: autologous ooplasm; embryo gene expression; ooplasm transfer; somatic cell nuclear transfer