title: Unparallel gender-specific changes in the incidence of hip fractures in Tangshan, China.
abstract: This study, which measured the incidence of hip fractures in Tangshan, China, in 2015, shows that compared to data we reported in Tangshan in 2010, the crude incidence of hip fractures in 2015 increased in females and slightly decreased in males. However, the incidences of age-specific hip fracture in females aged over 65 and males aged over 75 are both increasing.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of hip fractures in 2015 in Tangshan, China, and to compare this incidence with that previously reported in Tangshan in 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from 15 hospitals within Tangshan that had an orthopedic department, and the medical records and radiographs of all patients who sustained such fractures in 2015 were reviewed. The absolute number of admissions was described, and the incidence rates per 100,000 individuals adjusted by age (-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, and ≥85 years) and gender were calculated based on the data of the Tangshan population. The 2015 population of Tangshan was determined to be 3,134,239 (1,573,118 males and 1,561,121 females).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The population over 65 years of age represented 15.43% of the total population and included 477,021 individuals (236,140 males and 240,881 females). In 2015, there were 1645 cervical and trochanteric fractures in 714 males and 931 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.30. The overall incidence or rate of the hip fractures was 45.39 fractures per 100,000 men per year and 59.64 fractures per 100,000 women per year. Females showed a significantly higher incidence of hip fractures than males in the over 60-and-older groups, but in the youngest group, males had a markedly higher incidence than females. Compared to the incidence measured in 2010 in Tangshan, the crude incidence of hip fractures decreased by 5.04% in males and increased by 18.33% in females. The age-specific incidence increased in the male 75-and-older age groups, and the age-specific incidence increased in the female 65-and-older age groups but decreased in those younger than 65 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to the results in 2010, the crude incidence of hip fractures in 2015 in Tangshan increased in females but slightly decreased in males. However, the age-specific incidences of hip fracture in females aged over 65 and males aged over 75 are still increasing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Research Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fa-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 73 Jianshe South Rd, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 73 Jianshe South Rd, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jia-Yin
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 73 Jianshe South Rd, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Kui
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 73 Jianshe South Rd, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 73 Jianshe South Rd, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, People's Republic of China. zhliu130@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Epidemiology; Hip fracture; Incidence; Osteoporosis; Tangshan, China