title: Sorption of Cationic Surfactants to Artificial Cell Membranes: Comparing Phospholipid Bilayers with Monolayer Coatings and Molecular Simulations.
abstract: This study reports the distribution coefficient between phospholipid bilayer membranes and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) medium (DMW,PBS) for 19 cationic surfactants. The method used a sorbent dilution series with solid supported lipid membranes (SSLMs). The existing SSLM protocol, applying a 96 well plate setup, was adapted to use 1.5 mL glass autosampler vials instead, which facilitated sampling and circumvented several confounding loss processes for some of the cationic surfactants. About 1% of the phospholipids were found to be detached from the SSLM beads, resulting in nonlinear sorption isotherms for compounds with log DMWvalues above 4. Renewal of the medium resulted in linear sorption isotherms. DMWvalues determined at pH 5.4 demonstrated that cationic surfactant species account for the observed DMW,PBS. Log DMW,PBSvalues above 5.5 are only experimentally feasible with lower LC-MS/MS detection limits and/or concentrated extracts of the aqueous samples. Based on the number of carbon atoms, dialkylamines showed a considerably lower sorption affinity than linear alkylamine analogues. These SSLM results closely overlapped with measurements on a chromatographic tool based on immobilized artificial membranes (IAM-HPLC) and with quantum-chemistry based calculations with COSMOmic. The SSLM data suggest that IAM-HPLC underestimates the DMWof ionized primary and secondary alkylamines by 0.8 and 0.5 log units, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University , Utrecht, 3508 TD, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Timmer
authors.affiliation: Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University , Utrecht, 3508 TD, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Steven T J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1193-1850
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Droge
mesh_terms: D058045:Artificial Cells; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010743:Phospholipids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents