title: Household Dengue Prevention Interventions, Expenditures, and Barriers to Aedes aegypti Control in Machala, Ecuador.
abstract: TheAedes aegyptimosquito is an efficient vector for the transmission of Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viruses, causing major epidemics and a significant social and economic burden throughout the tropics and subtropics. The primary means of preventing these diseases is household-level mosquito control. However, relatively little is known about the economic burden ofAe. aegypticontrol in resource-limited communities. We surveyed residents from 40 households in a high-risk community at the urban periphery in the city of Machala, Ecuador, on dengue perceptions, vector control interventions, household expenditures, and factors influencing purchasing decisions. The results of this study show that households spend a monthly median of US$2.00, or 1.90% (range: 0.00%, 9.21%) of their family income onAe. aegypticontrol interventions. Households reported employing, on average, five different mosquito control and dengue prevention interventions, including aerosols, liquid sprays, repellents, mosquito coils, and unimpregnated bed nets. We found that effectiveness and cost were the most important factors that influence people's decisions to purchase a mosquito control product. Our findings will inform the development and deployment of newAe. aegypticontrol interventions by the public health and private sectors, and add to prior studies that have focused on the economic burden of dengue-like illness.
authors.affiliation: Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. naveedheydari@ucdenver.edu.|Center for Global Health and Translational Science, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. naveedheydari@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Heydari
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Food Studies and Nutrition, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA. dalarsen@syr.edu.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.affiliation: Center for Research on Health in Latin America (CISeAL), Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Quito 170170, Ecuador. MVNEIRA@puce.edu.ec.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neira
authors.affiliation: Universidad Técnica de Machala, Machala 070102, Ecuador. felixbeltran57@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Efraín
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beltrán Ayala
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health and Translational Science, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. pipita_fernandez@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Prissila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health and Translational Science, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. jeff.adn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jefferson
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adrian
authors.affiliation: Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. rosemary.rochford@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rochford
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health and Translational Science, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. amstew01@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stewart-Ibarra
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000254:growth & development*; D000818:Animals; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004484:Ecuador / Q000453:epidemiology; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000821:virology*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000191:economics*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods*; D057147:Mosquito Nets / Q000191:economics*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides
keywords: Aedes aegypti; Ecuador; KAP; dengue fever; economic cost; mosquito control