title: Meissner-like Effect for a Synthetic Gauge Field in Multimode Cavity QED.
abstract: Previous realizations of synthetic gauge fields for ultracold atoms do not allow the spatial profile of the field to evolve freely. We propose a scheme which overcomes this restriction by using the light in a multimode cavity with many nearly degenerate transverse modes, in conjunction with Raman coupling, to realize an artificial magnetic field which acts on a Bose-Einstein condensate of neutral atoms. We describe the evolution of such a system and present the results of numerical simulations which show dynamical coupling between the effective field and the matter on which it acts. Crucially, the freedom of the spatial profile of the field is sufficient to realize a close analogue of the Meissner effect, where the magnetic field is expelled from the superfluid. This backaction of the atoms on the synthetic field distinguishes the Meissner-like effect described here from the Hess-Fairbank suppression of rotation in a neutral superfluid observed elsewhere.
authors.affiliation: SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kyle E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Ballantine
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physics and Applied Physics and Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Lev
authors.affiliation: SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keeling