title: Does access to a demand-led evidence briefing service improve uptake and use of research evidence by health service commissioners? A controlled before and after study.
abstract: The Health and Social Care Act mandated research use as a core consideration of health service commissioning arrangements in England. We undertook a controlled before and after study to evaluate whether access to a demand-led evidence briefing service improved the use of research evidence by commissioners compared with less intensive and less targeted alternatives.
  
  
  
  Nine Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) in the North of England received one of three interventions: (A) access to an evidence briefing service; (B) contact plus an unsolicited push of non-tailored evidence; or (C) unsolicited push of non-tailored evidence. Data for the primary outcome measure were collected at baseline and 12 months using a survey instrument devised to assess an organisations' ability to acquire, assess, adapt and apply research evidence to support decision-making. Documentary and observational evidence of the use of the outputs of the service were sought.
  
  
  
  Over the course of the study, the service addressed 24 topics raised by participating CCGs. At 12 months, the evidence briefing service was not associated with increases in CCG capacity to acquire, assess, adapt and apply research evidence to support decision-making, individual intentions to use research findings or perceptions of CCG relationships with researchers. Regardless of intervention received, participating CCGs indicated that they remained inconsistent in their research-seeking behaviours and in their capacity to acquire research. The informal nature of decision-making processes meant that there was little traceability of the use of evidence. Low baseline and follow-up response rates and missing data limit the reliability of the findings.
  
  
  
  Access to a demand-led evidence briefing service did not improve the uptake and use of research evidence by NHS commissioners compared with less intensive and less targeted alternatives. Commissioners appear well intentioned but ad hoc users of research. Further research is required on the effects of interventions and strategies to build individual and organisational capacity to use research.
authors.affiliation: Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester, M15 6PB, UK. paul.wilson@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Farley
authors.affiliation: Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK.
authors.forename: Liz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bickerdike
authors.affiliation: York Trials Unit, University of York, York, UK.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Duncan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.affiliation: Public Health England North East Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: Rhiannon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
authors.forename: Ian S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Watt
mesh_terms: D065187:Controlled Before-After Studies; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D004739:England; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D006298:Health Services Administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D012106:Research; D013222:State Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration*